1
張俊從子:子蓋張宗顏劉光世王淵解元曲端
Zhang Jun's collateral relatives: Zigai, Zhang Zongyan, Liu Guangshi, Wang Yuan, Jie Yuan, and Qu Duan.
2
張俊，字伯英，鳳翔府成紀人。 好騎射，負才氣。 起于諸盜，年十六，為三陽弓箭手。 政和七年，從討南蠻，轉都指揮使。 宣和初，從攻夏人仁多泉，始授承信郎。 平鄆州賊李太及河朔、山東武胡群寇，功最，進武德郎。
Zhang Jun, styled Boying, came from Chengji in Fengxiang Prefecture. He loved riding and archery and carried himself with bold talent and spirit. He had risen among the bandits, and at sixteen he became an archer in Sanyang. In the seventh year of Zhenghe (1117), he joined the campaign against the southern tribes and was promoted to commander-in-chief. Early in the Xuanhe era, he took part in the attack on the Tangut stronghold of Rendo Spring and received his first appointment as Gentleman for Upholding Trust. In suppressing the Yunzhou bandit Li Tai and the Wu-Hu bandits across Heshuo and Shandong, his achievements ranked first, and he was promoted to Gentleman of Martial Virtue.
3
靖康元年，以守東明縣功，轉武功大夫。 金人攻太原，城守，命制置副使种師中往援，屯榆次。 金人以數萬騎壓之。 俊時為隊將，進擊，殺傷甚眾，獲馬千匹，請乘勝要戰。 師中以日不利，急令退保。 金人諜俊計不行，悉兵合圍，攻益急。 榆次破，師中死之。 俊與所部數百人突圍而出，且行且戰，至烏河川，再與敵遇，斬五百級。
In the first year of Jingkang (1126), for his service in defending Dongming County, he was promoted to Grandee of Martial Achievement. When the Jurchens attacked Taiyuan, the city held firm; the court ordered Vice Commissioner Zhong Shizhong to the relief and he encamped at Yuci. The Jurchens bore down on him with tens of thousands of cavalry. Jun was then a company commander. He pressed the attack, inflicting heavy casualties and capturing a thousand horses, then urged that they strike while victory was in hand. Shizhong, declaring the day ill-omened, urgently ordered a withdrawal to safety. Learning through spies that Jun's plan would not be adopted, the Jurchens massed their forces in a full encirclement and redoubled the assault. When Yuci fell, Shizhong was killed. Jun broke out with several hundred of his men, fighting as he marched. At the Wuhe River he met the enemy again and took five hundred heads.
4
金人圍汴京，高宗時為兵馬大元帥，俊勒兵從信德守臣梁揚祖勤王。 高宗見俊英偉，擢元帥府後軍統制，累功轉榮州刺史。 建炎元年正月，從高宗至東平府。 時劇賊李昱據兗州，命俊為都統制討之。 與數騎突圍撓戰，諸軍爭奮，賊遂殲。 進桂州團練使，尋加貴州防禦使。
When the Jurchens besieged Bianjing, Gaozong was serving as Grand Marshal of Horse and Foot. Jun led his troops to follow Liang Yangzu, the defender of Xinde, in marching to the emperor's rescue. Gaozong found Jun tall and imposing and promoted him to overall controller of the marshal's rear army; for repeated achievements he was made prefect of Rongzhou. In the first month of the first year of Jianyan (1127), he accompanied Gaozong to Dongping Prefecture. At that time the fierce bandit Li Yu held Yanzhou, and Jun was appointed overall commander to suppress him. With a handful of horsemen he broke through the encirclement and harried the enemy; the troops rallied with fresh zeal and the bandits were wiped out. He was promoted to regimental commissioner of Guizhou and soon made defender of that prefecture.
5
中書舍人張澂，自汴京齎蠟詔，命高宗以兵付副帥還京，高宗問大計，俊曰：「此金人詐謀爾。 今大王居外，此天授，豈可徒往？」 因請進兵，高宗許之，遂如濟州。
The Secretariat Drafter Zhang Cheng arrived from Bianjing bearing a wax-sealed edict ordering Gaozong to surrender his troops to the deputy commander and return to the capital. When Gaozong asked his grand strategy, Jun said, 'This is nothing but a Jurchen deception. Your Highness is now outside the capital; this is Heaven's own opportunity. How can you simply walk into it?' He then urged an advance; Gaozong agreed, and they proceeded to Jizhou.
6
開啟乾龍節，迫夜，有告高宗，欲俟元帥謁香劫以叛。 群議集諸軍屯備，俊曰：「元帥不出，奸謀自破。」 遂徙州治。 賊術窮，黎明，引軍北遁，俊勒兵追殺之。 進徐州觀察使。
During the opening of the Qianlong Festival rites, near nightfall someone warned Gaozong that the rebels planned to seize him in a mutiny when the marshal paid his respects at the incense altar. Counselors urged massing the armies on guard, but Jun said, 'If the marshal does not appear, the treacherous plot will collapse of itself.' They then moved the seat of prefectural government. When the rebels' schemes were exhausted, at dawn they fled north with their army. Jun drove his troops in pursuit and cut them down. He was promoted to observation commissioner of Xuzhou.
7
時江、淮群盜蜂起，俊討杜用於淮甯，趙萬、郭青于鎮江，陳通于杭州，蔣和尚等於蘭溪，皆平之。 落階官，除正任觀察使。 二年，升秦鳳路馬步軍副總管，尋破秀州賊數萬，縛徐明斬之。 進武甯軍承宣使。
Bandits were rising everywhere across the Jiang and Huai regions. Jun suppressed Du Yong at Huaining, Zhao Wan and Guo Qing at Zhenjiang, Chen Tong at Hangzhou, and Monk Jiang and others at Lanxi, pacifying them all. His provisional rank was removed and he was appointed a regular observation commissioner. In the second year he was made deputy overall commander of horse and foot on the Qinfeng Circuit and soon routed tens of thousands of bandits at Xiuzhou, captured Xu Ming, and executed him. He was promoted to commissioner-in-chief of the Wuning Army.
8
帝如揚州，召諸將議恢復，俊曰：「今敵勢方張，宜且南渡，據江為險； 練兵政，安人心，俟國勢定，大舉未晚。」 俊又請移左藏庫於鎮江。 既而敵掩至，已逼近甸，俊亟奏飭甲乘，從帝如臨安。
When the emperor moved to Yangzhou, he summoned the generals to discuss recovery. Jun said, 'The enemy's power is still rising. For now we should cross south and hold the Yangtze as our barrier; train the army and administration, steady the people's hearts, and wait until the realm's strength is secure before launching a major campaign.' Jun also asked that the Left Treasury be moved to Zhenjiang. Before long the enemy struck without warning and had already drawn near the capital suburbs. Jun urgently memorialized to ready armor and transport and followed the emperor to Lin'an.
9
苗傅、劉正彥反，俊時屯兵吳江縣。 傅等矯詔加俊捧日、天武四廂都指揮使，以三百人赴秦鳳，命他將領余兵。 俊知其偽，拒不受。 三軍洶洶，俊諭之曰：「當詣張侍郎求決。」 即引所部八千人至平江。 張浚語俊以傅等欲危社稷，泣數行下，俊大慟。 浚諭以決策起兵問罪，俊泣拜，且曰：「此須侍郎濟以機術，毋驚動乘輿。 呂頤浩至，俊見之，亦涕泣曰：「今日惟以一死報國。」 劉光世以所部至，俊釋舊憾。 韓世忠來自海上，俊借一軍與之俱。 世忠為前軍，俊以精兵翼之，光世次之。 戰于臨平，傅等兵敗，開城以出。 世忠、俊、光世入城，見於內殿，帝嘉勞久之，拜鎮西軍節度使、御前右軍都統制，尋為浙東制置使。
When Miao Fu and Liu Zhengyan rebelled, Jun was encamped at Wujiang County. Fu and his allies forged an edict promoting Jun to overall commander of the four divisions of the Puri and Tianwu Armies, ordering him to Qinfeng with three hundred men while other generals were to lead the rest. Jun recognized the forgery and refused to obey. The three armies were in an uproar. Jun told them, 'We must go to Vice Director Zhang for a decision.' He immediately led eight thousand of his men to Pingjiang. Zhang Jun told Jun that Fu and his allies meant to endanger the throne and wept at length; Jun was deeply shaken. Jun urged him to decide on raising troops to punish the rebels. Jun wept, bowed, and said, 'This requires your strategic guidance, Vice Director, so that the imperial carriage is not alarmed. When Lü Yihao arrived, Jun met him in tears and said, 'Today I can repay the state only with my life.' Liu Guangshi arrived with his troops, and Jun put aside old resentments. Han Shizhong came from the coast, and Jun lent him one army to march with him. Shizhong led the vanguard; Jun protected his flank with elite troops while Guangshi came behind. They fought at Linping. Fu and his allies were defeated and opened the city. Shizhong, Jun, and Guangshi entered the city and were received in the inner hall. The emperor praised them at length, appointing Jun military governor of the Zhenxi Army and overall commander of the imperial right army, and soon making him pacification commissioner of Zhedong.
10
金人分兵深入，渡江攻浙，杜充棄建康，韓世忠自鎮江退保江陰。 帝如明州，俊自越州引兵至。 兀朮攻臨安，帝御樓船如溫州，留俊於明州以拒敵。 帝賜親劄曰：「朕非卿，則倡義誰先； 卿舍朕，則前功俱廢。 宜戮力共扞敵兵，一戰成功，當封王爵。」 癸卯除夕，金兵至城下，俊使統制劉寶與戰，兵少卻，其將黨用、丘橫死之，於是統制楊沂中、田師中、統領趙密皆殊死戰。 沂中舍舟登岸力戰，殿帥李質以班直來助，守臣劉洪道率州兵射其旁，大破之，殺數千人。 金呼人至砦計事，俊令小校往。 金人與語，欲如越州請降，俊拒之。 戒將士毋驕惰，慮敵必再至，下令清野，多以輕舟伏弩，閉關自守。
The Jurchens divided their forces for a deep thrust, crossed the Yangtze to attack Zhejiang, Du Chong abandoned Jiankang, and Han Shizhong withdrew from Zhenjiang to hold Jiangyin. The emperor moved to Mingzhou; Jun led troops from Yuezhou to join him. When Wuzhu attacked Lin'an, the emperor sailed to Wenzhou on a tower ship and left Jun at Mingzhou to hold the enemy. The emperor sent a personal letter saying, 'Without you, who would have led this righteous cause? If you abandon me, all our earlier achievements will come to nothing. Fight together to repel the enemy. Win one decisive battle and a princely title will be yours.' On New Year's Eve of the guimao day, Jurchen troops reached the walls. Jun sent overall controller Liu Bao to fight. The troops gave ground slightly; his generals Dang Yong and Qiu Heng were killed. Then overall controllers Yang Yizhong and Tian Shizhong and commander Zhao Mi all fought to the death. Yizhong left his boat, fought ashore with all his strength, and Palace Commander Li Zhi came with the guard to assist. Prefect Liu Hongdao led the prefectural troops to fire from the flank. The enemy was routed and several thousand were killed. The Jurchens summoned someone to their camp to negotiate; Jun sent a junior officer. In talks the Jurchens wished to go to Yuezhou to offer surrender; Jun refused. He warned his officers and men against pride and slackness, expecting the enemy would return, ordered the countryside stripped bare, posted many light boats with hidden crossbows, and shut the passes to hold the city.
11
四年正旦，忽西風起，金人乘之，果復攻明州。 俊與劉洪道坐城樓上，遣兵掩擊，殺傷大當。 金人奔北，死于江者無數，夜拔砦去，屯余姚，且請濟師於兀朮。 後七日，敵再至，俊引兵趨入台州，明州居民去者十七八。
On New Year's Day of the fourth year a west wind suddenly rose. The Jurchens seized the advantage and attacked Mingzhou again. Jun and Liu Hongdao sat on the city tower and sent troops in a surprise attack; casualties on both sides were heavy. The Jurchens fled north and countless drowned in the river. That night they broke camp, withdrew to Yuyao, and asked Wuzhu for reinforcements. Seven days later the enemy returned. Jun led his troops in haste into Taizhou, and seven or eight tenths of Mingzhou's residents fled.
12
未幾，江浙群盜蜂起，授俊兩浙西路、江南東路制置使，以所部招收群盜，命後軍統制陳思恭隸之，且令兩浙宣撫使周望以兵屬俊，劉光世、韓世忠之外，諸將皆受節度。 六月，改御前五軍為神武軍，俊即本軍為神武右軍都統制，除檢校少保、定江昭慶軍節度使。 十月，浙西群盜悉平，改江南招討使。
Before long bandits swarmed across Jiangsu and Zhejiang. Jun was made pacification commissioner of western Zhejiang and eastern Jiangnan and ordered to recruit bandits with his own troops; rear-army overall controller Chen Sigong was placed under him, and two-Zhejiang pacification commissioner Zhou Wang was ordered to place his troops under Jun as well. Apart from Liu Guangshi and Han Shizhong, every general came under his command. In the sixth month the imperial five armies were reorganized as the Shenwu Army. Jun's own force became the Shenwu Right Army under his overall command, and he was appointed honorary junior guardian and military governor of the Dingjiang Zhaqing Army. In the tenth month bandits in western Zhejiang were all pacified, and his title was changed to Jiangnan pacification commissioner.
13
紹興元年，帝至會稽。 時金人殘亂之余，孔彥舟據武陵，張用據襄漢； 李成尤悍，強據江、淮、湖湘十余州，連兵數萬，有席捲東南意，多造符讖蠱惑中外，圍江州久未解，時方患之。 范宗尹請遣將致討，俊慨然請行，遂改江、淮路招討使。
In the first year of Shaoxing (1131), the emperor arrived at Kuaiji. At that time, amid the wreckage left by the Jurchens, Kong Yanzho held Wuling and Zhang Yong held the Xiang-Han region; Li Cheng was especially fierce. He forcibly held more than ten prefectures across the Jiang, Huai, and lake-Xiang region with linked armies numbering in the tens of thousands, aiming to sweep the southeast. He spread prophecies to deceive court and country, besieged Jiangzhou for a long time, and the court was deeply troubled. Fan Zongyin asked that a general be sent to suppress him. Jun eagerly volunteered and was made pacification commissioner of the Jiang-Huai Circuit.
14
成党馬進在筠州。 豫章介江、筠之間，俊聞命就道，急趨豫章，且曰：「我已得洪州，破賊決矣。」 乃斂兵，若無人者，金鼓不動，令將士登城者斬。 居月餘，進以大書牒來索戰，俊以細書狀報之，賊以俊為怯。 俊諜知賊怠，乃議戰。 岳飛為先鋒，楊沂中由上流徑絕生米渡，出賊不意，追奔七十里，至筠州。 賊背筠河而陣，俊用楊沂中計，親以步兵當其前，精騎數千授沂中及陳思恭，俾從山后夾擊，以午為期。 俊與賊鏖戰至午，精騎自山馳下，賊駭亂退走，大敗。
Li Cheng's partisan Ma Jin was at Yuzhou. Yuzhang lay between the river and Yuzzhou. Upon receiving his orders Jun set out at once and hurried to Yuzhang, declaring, 'I have already taken Hongzhou; the bandits are as good as broken.' He then held his troops in check as if no one were present: drums and gongs were silent, and he ordered death for any soldier who mounted the wall. After more than a month Jin sent a letter in large script demanding battle; Jun answered in fine script, and the bandits took Jun for a coward. When spies reported that the bandits had grown slack, Jun planned to give battle. Yue Fei served as vanguard. Yang Yizhong, coming from upstream, cut straight across the Shengmi Ford, caught the bandits unawares, pursued them seventy li, and reached Yuzhou. The bandits formed their line with the Yun River at their backs. Following Yang Yizhong's plan, Jun personally led infantry against their front while assigning several thousand picked horsemen to Yizhong and Chen Sigong to strike from behind the mountains, with noon as the rendezvous. Jun fought the bandits in fierce battle until noon. Then the picked horsemen charged down the mountain; the bandits broke in panic and were utterly defeated.
15
既復筠州、臨江軍，捷奏，帝賜御筆，謂：「宜乘賊勢已衰，當官軍已振，驅除剿戮，速收全功。」 俊未拜親詔，已追至北奉新樓子莊。 賊党商元據草山，挾險設伏，俊遣步兵從間道直趨山椒，殺伏奪險，乘勝追至江州。 成勢迫，絕江而遁，號俊為「張鐵山」。 復江州。 已而興國軍等處群盜聞俊兵至，皆遁去。 俊引兵渡江至黃梅縣，親與成戰。 成懲奉新失險之敗，據石矢坡，憑山以木石投人。 俊先遣遊卒進退，若爭險狀以誑賊，俊親冒矢石，帥眾攻險，賊眾數萬俱潰，馬進為追兵所殺，成北走降劉豫，諸郡悉平。 拜太尉。
After Yuzhou and Linjiang Prefecture were recovered, a victory memorial was sent. The emperor wrote in his own hand: 'Seize the moment while the bandits' strength has waned and the government armies are rallied; drive them out, exterminate them, and finish the victory quickly.' Before Jun could acknowledge the imperial edict, he had already pursued to Louzi Village in northern Fengxin. The bandit partisan Shang Yuan held Caoshan and set an ambush in the difficult terrain. Jun sent infantry by a hidden path straight to the ridge, killed the ambushers and seized the heights, then pressed the victory in pursuit to Jiangzhou. Cheng's position was desperate. He fled across the river and nicknamed Jun 'Iron Mountain Zhang.' Jiangzhou was recovered. Before long, bandits at Xingguo Prefecture and elsewhere, hearing that Jun's army had arrived, all fled. Jun led his army across the river to Huangmei County and fought Cheng in person. Chastened by his defeat at Fengxin when he lost the heights, Cheng held Shishi Slope and, relying on the mountain, hurled timber and stones down on his attackers. Jun first sent skirmishers feinting forward and back as if contesting the heights to deceive the bandits. Then he personally braved arrows and stones, led the assault on the heights, and the bandit host of tens of thousands collapsed. Ma Jin was killed by pursuing troops; Cheng fled north and surrendered to Liu Yu, and all the prefectures were pacified. He was appointed Grand Marshal.
16
四年十月，金人與劉豫分道入侵。 先是諜至，舉朝震恐，或請他幸。 俊謂趙鼎曰：「避將何之？ 惟向前進一步，庶可脫。 當聚天下兵守平江，徐為計。」 鼎曰：「公言避非策，是也； 以天下兵守一州，非也。 公但堅前議足矣。」 遂以俊為兩浙西路、江南東路宣撫使，屯建康。 既而改淮西宣撫使。 瀕江相距逾月，敵不得入。 俊遣張宗顏潛渡至六合，出其背。 敵將引去，俊繼遣王進曰：「敵既無留心，必逕渡淮去，可速及其未濟擊之。」 進往，敵果北渡，遂薄諸淮，大敗之，獲其酋程師回、張延壽以獻。
In the tenth month of the fourth year, the Jurchens and Liu Yu invaded by separate routes. When spies first arrived, the whole court was shaken with fear, and some urged the emperor to move his residence elsewhere. Jun said to Zhao Ding, 'Where would flight take us? Only by advancing one step further might we escape. We should gather the armies of the realm to hold Pingjiang and plan from there.' Ding said, 'You are right that flight is no strategy; but to mass the armies of the realm to hold a single prefecture is not right either. Your Lordship need only hold firm to your earlier counsel.' Jun was then made pacification commissioner of western Zhejiang and eastern Jiangnan and encamped at Jiankang. Soon afterward his title was changed to Huai West pacification commissioner. For more than a month they faced each other along the river, and the enemy could not break through. Jun sent Zhang Zongyan to cross secretly to Liuhe and strike from the enemy's rear. When the enemy general was about to withdraw, Jun sent Wang Jin with these orders: 'The enemy no longer means to stay and will surely cross the Huai straight north. Strike them before they finish crossing.' Jin went. The enemy did cross north, and he pressed them at the Huai, inflicting a great defeat and capturing their chieftains Cheng Shihui and Zhang Yanshou to present as trophies.
17
五年，劉麟入寇，俊與楊沂中合兵拒於泗州。 六年，改崇信、奉甯軍節度使。 劉麟兵十余萬犯濠、壽，詔並以淮西屬俊，楊存中亦聽節制，與俊合兵拒敵。 俊分遣存中與張宗顏、王瑋、田師中等，自定遠軍次越家坊，遇劉猊左右軍，擊走之。 俊率大軍鼓行而前，至李家灣遇猊大兵，與戰，殺獲略盡，降者萬餘人，猊僅以身免。 拜少保，加鎮洮、崇信、奉甯軍節度使。 帝曰：「卿議論持重，深達敵情； 兼聞挽強之士數萬，報國如此，朕復何慮。」 又曰：「群臣謂朕待卿獨厚，其仰體眷懷，益思勉勵。」
In the fifth year Liu Lin invaded. Jun and Yang Yizhong combined forces to resist at Sizhou. In the sixth year he was made military governor of the Chongxin and Fengning armies. Liu Lin led more than a hundred thousand men against Hao and Shou. An edict placed all of Huai West under Jun, and Yang Cunzhong was also ordered to obey his command so they could combine against the enemy. Jun sent Cunzhong with Zhang Zongyan, Wang Wei, and Tian Shizhong from Dingyuan Prefecture to encamp at Yuejiafang, where they met Liu Ya's left and right armies and drove them off. Jun led the main army forward with drums beating. At Lijiawan he met Ya's main force, fought, killed and captured nearly all; more than ten thousand surrendered, and Ya barely escaped with his life. He was appointed junior guardian and additionally made military governor of the Zhentao, Chongxin, and Fengning armies. The emperor said, 'Your counsel is steady and you understand the enemy deeply; I also hear you have tens of thousands of strong archers. With such service to the state, what have I to fear?' He also said, 'The ministers say I treat you especially well. Respond to my favor and strive all the harder.'
18
七年，改淮南西路宣撫使，置司盱眙。 俊與韓世忠入見，議移屯。 秦檜奏：「臣嘗語世忠、俊，陛下倚此二大將，譬如兩虎，固當各守藩籬，使寇不敢近。」 帝曰：「正如左右手，豈可一手不盡力邪？」 命俊自盱眙屯廬州。 八年，金人請寢兵，許之。 賜俊「安民靖難功臣」，拜少傅。
In the seventh year he was made Huainan West pacification commissioner and established his headquarters at Xuyi. Jun and Han Shizhong had an audience and discussed relocating their camps. Qin Hui memorialized, 'I once told Shizhong and Jun that Your Majesty relies on these two great generals like two tigers. Each should hold his own barrier so that enemies dare not approach.' The emperor said, 'They are like my left and right hands. How can one hand fail to do its part?' He ordered Jun to move from Xuyi and encamp at Luzhou. In the eighth year the Jurchens requested a ceasefire, and the court agreed. Jun was granted the title Meritorious Minister Who Pacifies the People and Quells Rebellion and appointed junior tutor.
19
九年冬，金復渝盟，再破河南，圖順昌府，命俊策應劉錡。 俊督軍渡江，金人引退。 繼而金人三路都統自東、南兩京分道來侵，抵亳州北渡河，俊收宿、亳諸軍擊之，盡復衛真、鹿邑等地，師還。 十年，酈瓊在亳州，俊以大軍至城父，都統制王德下符離，乘勝趨亳與俊合。 俊引軍入城，金人棄城遁，父老列香花迎俊，遂復亳州，留統制宋超守之。 俊引軍還壽春，進少師，封濟國公。
In the winter of the ninth year the Jurchens broke the treaty again, retook Henan, and targeted Shunchang Prefecture. Jun was ordered to support Liu Qi. Jun supervised the army in crossing the river, and the Jurchens withdrew. Then the Jurchens' three-route overall commanders invaded by separate routes from the eastern and southern capitals, reached north of Bozhou and crossed the river. Jun gathered the armies of Su and Bo to strike them, fully recovered Weizhen, Luyi, and other places, and returned. In the tenth year Li Qiong was at Bozhou. Jun brought the main army to Chengfù while overall commander Wang De took Fuli, pressed the victory toward Bo, and joined Jun. Jun led his army into the city. The Jurchens abandoned it and fled. The elders lined the streets with incense and flowers to welcome him. Bozhou was recovered, and overall controller Song Chao was left to hold it. Jun led the army back to Shouchun, was promoted to junior master, and enfeoffed as Duke of Ji.
20
十一年二月，兀朮入合肥，漸攻曆陽，江東制置大使葉夢得見俊，請速出軍。 俊遣兵渡江，諭諸將曰：「先得和州者勝。」 王德願為諸軍先，士鼓噪而行。 敵已據之，德率眾渡採石先登，俊宿中流。 德抵城下，金人退屯昭關。 後三日，復敗金將韓常於含山。 命關師古復巢縣，遂復昭關。 使左軍統制趙密偃兵篁竹，出六丈河以分金勢。 張守忠以五百騎敗金人于全椒。 未幾，敵斷石樑以拒俊，俊疾作，力疾引眾涉流登岸，追擊之。 王德與楊存中、劉錡會兵，敗金人於柘皋。 拜樞密使。 俊知朝廷欲罷兵，首請納所統兵。 議賞宿、亳功，俊部將王德、田師中、劉寶、李橫、馬立、張澥六人同日首受上賞。
In the second month of the eleventh year Wuzhu entered Hefei and gradually pressed Liyang. Jiangdong pacification grand commissioner Ye Mengde saw Jun and urged him to send troops out at once. Jun sent troops across the river and told the generals, 'Whoever takes Hezhou first wins.' Wang De volunteered to lead the armies, and the soldiers cheered as they marched. The enemy already held it. De led the masses across at Caishi and climbed first while Jun encamped midstream. When De reached the foot of the wall, the Jurchens withdrew to Zhaoguan. Three days later he again defeated the Jurchen general Han Chang at Hanshan. He ordered Guan Shigu to recover Chaoxian and then recovered Zhaoguan. He had left-army overall controller Zhao Mi hide troops among bamboo groves and emerge at the Liuzhang River to divide the Jurchen force. Zhang Shouzhong with five hundred horsemen defeated the Jurchens at Quanjiao. Before long the enemy cut the stone bridge to block Jun. Jun fell ill but, forcing himself despite illness, led his men across the stream to the bank and pursued. Wang De joined forces with Yang Cunzhong and Liu Qi and defeated the Jurchens at Zhegao. He was appointed commissioner of the Bureau of Military Affairs. Jun knew the court wished to halt the war and was the first to offer to surrender the troops under his command. When rewards for the Su and Bo campaign were discussed, six of Jun's subordinate generals—Wang De, Tian Shizhong, Liu Bao, Li Heng, Ma Li, and Zhang Xie—were the first on the same day to receive the highest rewards.
21
俊力贊和議，與秦檜意合，言無不從。 薦士大夫監司、郡守者甚眾，雖劉子羽自謫籍起家，亦俊力也。 加太傅，封廣國公，尋進益國公。 十二年十一月，以殿中侍御史江邈論之，罷為鎮洮、甯武、奉甯軍節度使，充醴泉觀使。 初，檜以俊助和議，德之，故盡罷諸將，以兵權付俊。 歲餘，俊無去意，故檜使邈攻之。 尋進封清河郡王，奉朝請。
Jun strongly supported the peace agreement. His views accorded with Qin Hui's, and nothing he said was rejected. He recommended many scholar-officials as circuit intendants and prefects. Even Liu Ziyu's rise from demoted status was due to Jun's effort. He was promoted to grand tutor and enfeoffed as Duke of Guang, and soon advanced to Duke of Yi. In the eleventh month of the twelfth year, on the remonstrance of Palace Remonstrance Attendant Jiang Miao, he was dismissed as military governor of the Zhentao, Ningwu, and Fengning armies and appointed director of the Liquan Abbey. Earlier, because Jun had helped the peace agreement, Hui favored him and therefore dismissed all the other generals and entrusted military power to Jun alone. After more than a year Jun showed no intention of stepping down, so Hui had Miao attack him. Soon afterward he was further enfeoffed as Prince of Qinghe and granted attendance at court.
22
十三年，敕修甲第，遣中使就第賜宴，侑以教坊樂部。 十六年，改鎮靜江、甯武、靜海軍。 二十一年冬，帝幸其第，拜太師，以其侄清海軍承宣使子蓋為安德軍節度使，其他子弟遷秩者十三人。
In the thirteenth year he was ordered to build a mansion. An imperial envoy was sent to his residence to grant a banquet, accompanied by the Directorate of Music. In the sixteenth year he was transferred to govern the Jingjiang, Ningwu, and Jinghai armies. In the winter of the twenty-first year the emperor visited his residence and appointed him Grand Preceptor. His nephew Zigai, commissioner-in-chief of the Qinghai Army, was made military governor of the Ande Army, and thirteen other sons and nephews were promoted in rank.
23
南渡後，俊握兵最早，屢立戰功，與韓世忠、劉錡、岳飛並為名將，世稱張、韓、劉、岳。 然濠、壽之役，俊與錡有隙，獨以楊沂中為腹心，故有濠梁之劫。 岳飛冤獄，韓世忠救之，俊獨助檜成其事，心術之殊也，遠哉！ 帝于諸將中眷俊特厚，然警敕之者不絕口。 自淮西入見，則教其讀《郭子儀傳》； 召入禁中，戒以毋與民爭利，毋興土木。
After the southward crossing, Jun held troops earliest and repeatedly won distinction in battle. With Han Shizhong, Liu Qi, and Yue Fei he was counted among the famous generals, and the age called them Zhang, Han, Liu, and Yue. Yet in the Hao-Shou campaign Jun had a rift with Qi and relied on Yang Yizhong alone as his trusted confidant; hence the disaster at Haoliang. In Yue Fei's unjust case Han Shizhong tried to save him, but Jun alone helped Hui bring it about—the difference in their hearts is vast indeed! Among the generals the emperor favored Jun especially, yet admonitions to him never ceased. When he came from Huai West for an audience, he was told to read the Biography of Guo Ziyi; summoned into the palace, he was warned not to contend with the people for profit and not to undertake construction projects.
24
二十四年六月薨，年六十九。 輟視朝三日，斂以一品服，帝臨奠哭之慟。 追封循王。 子五人：子琦、子厚、子顏、子正、正子仁。
In the sixth month of the twenty-fourth year he died at sixty-nine. Court audiences were suspended for three days. He was enshrouded in first-rank robes, and the emperor came in person to offer sacrifice and wept in deep grief. Posthumously he was enfeoffed as Prince of Xun. He had five sons: Ziqi, Zihou, Ziyan, Zizheng, and Zizheng's son Ziren.
25
從子子蓋
Collateral relative Zigai
26
子蓋字德高。 父宏，應募從俊軍河上。 金人破開德府，宏戰死。 子蓋初從韓世忠討苗傅，補承信郎，累功遷武功郎。
Zigai, styled Degao. His father Hong volunteered and followed Jun's army on the river. When the Jurchens took Kaide Prefecture, Hong died in battle. Zigai at first followed Han Shizhong in suppressing Miao Fu, was appointed Gentleman for Upholding Trust, and for accumulated merit was transferred to Gentleman of Martial Achievement.
27
紹興六年，劉猊大舉入寇，過定遠縣，將趨宣化窺淮，詔遣俊會劉光世軍剿之。 子蓋從俊擊猊於藕塘，授閣門宣贊舍人。 明年，改昌州刺史、江南東路馬步軍都總管。 十年，金人再取河南，以興復宿、亳功，遷登州防禦使兼宣撫司衙兵副統制。
In the sixth year of Shaoxing Liu Ya invaded on a large scale, passed Dingyuan County, and was about to press toward Xuanhua to spy on the Huai. An edict ordered Jun to join Liu Guangshi's army to suppress him. Zigai followed Jun in striking Ya at Outang and was appointed Gatehouse Proclamation Attendant. The next year he was made prefect of Changzhou and overall commander of horse and foot of eastern Jiangnan. In the tenth year the Jurchens again took Henan. For merit in recovering Su and Bo he was transferred to defender of Deng Prefecture and concurrently deputy overall controller of the pacification commission's guard troops.
28
十一年二月，兀朮入廬州，攻含山縣，漸攻曆陽。 俊遣兵渡江，子蓋從王德馳入和州，金人退屯昭關。 會劉錡自東關引兵出清溪邀擊金人，俊遣子蓋與錡會，大戰於柘皋，敗之，軍勢赫張。 兀朮復攻濠州，子蓋又敗之于周梁橋，除興甯軍承宣使。 和議成，改建康府駐劄御前諸軍都統制。 十三年，授龍神衛四廂都指揮使、兩浙西路馬步軍都總管。 帝幸俊第，授子蓋安德軍節度使。
In the second month of the eleventh year Wuzhu entered Luzhou, attacked Hanshan County, and gradually pressed Liyang. Jun sent troops across the river. Zigai followed Wang De in a dash into Hezhou, and the Jurchens withdrew to Zhaoguan. When Liu Qi led troops from Dongguan out through Qingxi to intercept the Jurchens, Jun sent Zigai to join Qi. They fought a great battle at Zhegao, defeated the enemy, and the army's momentum blazed. When Wuzhu again attacked Haozhou, Zigai again defeated him at Zhouliang Bridge and was appointed commissioner-in-chief of the Xingning Army. When the peace agreement was concluded, he was made overall commander of the imperial armies stationed at Jiankang Prefecture. In the thirteenth year he was appointed overall commander of the four divisions of the Dragon and Divine Guard Armies and overall commander of horse and foot of western Zhejiang. When the emperor visited Jun's residence, Zigai was appointed military governor of the Ande Army.
29
三十二年春，金人攻海州急，以子蓋為鎮江府都統往援之，即日渡江，馳至楚州。 淮東漕臣龔濤謂之曰：「敵眾十倍，兵力不支，宜張虛聲攻淮陽，使之必救，則海州可解。」 子蓋曰：「彼若不救，將如之何？」 乃亟趨漣水，取便道以進。 次石湫堰，金人陳萬騎於河東，子蓋率精銳數千騎擊之，謂麾下曰：「彼眾我寡，利在速戰。」 遣統制張玘略陣，玘中流矢，子蓋曰：「事急矣！」 奮臂大呼，馳入陣，諸將繼之殊死戰。 賊大敗，擁溺石湫河死者半，圍遂解。 金人復整軍來戰，子蓋再率精銳擊之，獲其車馬、鎧仗萬計，退屯泗州。
In the spring of the thirty-second year the Jurchens urgently attacked Haizhou. Zigai was made overall commander of Zhenjiang Prefecture to go to the relief, crossed the river the same day, and galloped to Chuzhou. Gong Tao, transport commissioner of eastern Huai, said to him, 'The enemy outnumber you ten to one and your force cannot hold out. Feign an attack on Huaiyang so they must rescue it, and Haizhou can be relieved.' Zigai said, 'If they do not rescue it, what then?' He then hurried to Lianshui and advanced by a convenient route. Encamping at Shiqiu Weir, he found the Jurchens arrayed ten thousand horsemen east of the river. Zigai led several thousand picked horsemen to attack and told his subordinates, 'They are many and we are few; the advantage lies in swift battle.' He sent overall controller Zhang Qi to probe the formation. Qi was struck by a flying arrow, and Zigai cried, 'The situation is urgent!' He flung up his arm and shouted, galloped into the formation, and the generals followed in desperate battle. The bandits were utterly defeated. Half drowned crowding into the Shiqiu River, and the siege was lifted. The Jurchens regrouped and came to fight again. Zigai again led picked troops to strike them, captured their chariots, horses, and armor by the tens of thousands, and withdrew to encamp at Sizhou.
30
孝宗即位，召對，賜鞍馬、鎧甲、束帶，且令招集勇敢，相時而動。 子蓋受命還，招金大將蕭鷓巴、耶律造哩將其眾來降。 尋以疾還鎮江，授檢校少保、淮東招撫使，未上，卒，年五十一。 贈太尉，諡恭壯。
When Xiaozong ascended the throne, Zigai was summoned for audience, granted saddle, horse, armor, and belt, and ordered to recruit the brave and act as occasion demanded. Zigai returned upon receiving the order and recruited the Jurchen generals Xiao Zhaba and Yelü Zaoli, who led their followers to surrender. Soon afterward, ill, he returned to Zhenjiang and was appointed honorary junior guardian and Huaidong pacification commissioner, but before taking office he died at fifty-one. Posthumously he was made Grand Marshal with the posthumous title Gongzhuang.
31
子蓋從俊征討藕塘、柘皋，雖多奏功，未能出諸將右，惟海州一捷可稱雲。
Zigai followed Jun in campaigns at Outang and Zhegao. Though he reported many achievements, he could not surpass the other generals—only the victory at Haizhou is truly worth praise.
32
張宗顏
Zhang Zongyan
33
張宗顏，字希賢，延安人。 父吉，為涇原將，解宣威城圍，死之。 宗顏以父恩補三班借職，監閿鄉酒稅，積官至涇原副將、權殿前司統轄。 禦營軍統制張俊選為統領，從俊討浙西寇。 秀州軍校徐明以城叛，宗顏夜襲其城，明遁。 轉忠州刺史，遷御前中軍統制。
Zhang Zongyan, styled Xixian, came from Yan'an. His father Ji was a Jingyuan general who relieved the siege of Xuanwei city and died in the effort. Zongyan, through his father's grace, was appointed provisional third-rank attendant, supervised the wine tax of Min Township, and by accumulated rank reached Jingyuan deputy general and acting overall controller of the Palace Front Office. Imperial Camp Army overall controller Zhang Jun selected him as commander and followed Jun in suppressing bandits in western Zhejiang. When Xiuzhou military officer Xu Ming rebelled with the city, Zongyan raided it by night and Ming fled. He was transferred to prefect of Zhongzhou and promoted to overall controller of the imperial middle army.
34
金人攻明州，宗顏破其前軍。 盜楊勍破松溪，命宗顏及李捧、陳思恭討之。 宗顏次浦城不進，勍又掠建州。 宗顏趨南劍州，與勍遇，遂歸。 盜猶未平，謬言已擊退。 侍御史沈與求劾宗顏三將並出，不能平數千之潰卒，何以示敵。 貶二秩。 從俊討李成，與成將馬進戰玉隆觀，敗之。 遷環慶路馬步軍副總管、神武右軍統制，改麟州觀察使。
When the Jurchens attacked Mingzhou, Zongyan broke their vanguard. When the bandit Yang Qiong broke Songxi, Zongyan with Li Peng and Chen Sigong were ordered to suppress him. Zongyan halted at Pucheng without advancing, and Qiong again plundered Jian Prefecture. Zongyan hurried to Nanjian Prefecture, met Qiong, and then returned. The bandits were still not pacified, yet false reports claimed they had already been driven off. Remonstrance Attendant Shen Yuqiu impeached Zongyan: all three generals had gone out yet could not pacify several thousand routed soldiers—what message did that send to the enemy? He was demoted two ranks. Following Jun in suppressing Li Cheng, he fought Cheng's general Ma Jin at Yulong Abbey and defeated him. He was transferred to deputy overall commander of horse and foot of the Huanqing Circuit and overall controller of the Shenwu Right Army, and made observation commissioner of Lin Prefecture.
35
偽齊挾金人攻宣化鎮，俊遣宗顏潛渡江，出其後襲之，不勝。 俊庇之，以捷聞，遂加沂州防禦使。 繼以兵襲擊淮北，復遷崇信軍承宣使、宣撫司前軍統制。 偽齊入寇，詔張俊解淮西急。 督府張浚遣楊沂中與俊合，檄宗顏自泗州為後繼。 與猊遇于李家灣，大破之，橫屍滿野，猊僅以身遁。 擢龍神衛四廂都指揮使、武信軍承宣使。
When the puppet Qi, backed by the Jurchens, attacked Xuanhua garrison, Jun sent Zongyan to cross the river secretly and strike from behind, but he did not win. Jun shielded him and reported a victory, and Zongyan was thereupon promoted to defender of Yi Prefecture. Later he led troops to raid north of the Huai and was again transferred to commissioner-in-chief of the Chongxin Army and overall controller of the pacification commission's vanguard. When the puppet Qi invaded, an edict ordered Zhang Jun to relieve the crisis in Huai West. Commissioner Zhang Jun sent Yang Yizhong to join Jun and ordered Zongyan from Sizhou as rear support. They met Ya at Lijiawan and inflicted a great defeat. Corpses lay across the field, and Ya barely escaped with his life. He was promoted to overall commander of the four divisions of the Dragon and Divine Guard Armies and commissioner-in-chief of the Wuxin Army.
36
八年，知廬州，總帥事。 敵數百騎抵城下，宗顏以騎百餘禦之，敵退。 有至自淮北者，傳金人言曰：「此張鐵山弟也。」 紹興九年卒，年四十四。 贈保靜軍節度使，諡壯敏。
In the eighth year he was prefect of Luzhou and commander-in-chief. Several hundred enemy horsemen reached the foot of the wall. Zongyan with a little more than a hundred horsemen repelled them, and the enemy withdrew. Someone arriving from north of the Huai relayed the Jurchens' words: 'This is Iron Mountain Zhang's younger brother.' In the ninth year of Shaoxing he died at forty-four. Posthumously he was made military governor of the Baojing Army with the posthumous title Zhuangmin.
37
劉光世
Liu Guangshi
38
劉光世，字平叔，保安軍人，延慶次子。 初以蔭補三班奉職，累升鄜延路兵馬都監、蘄州防禦使。 方臘反，延慶為宣撫司都統，遣光世自將一軍趨衢、婺，出其不意破之。 賊平，授耀州觀察使，升鄜延路兵馬鈐轄。
Liu Guangshi, styled Pingshu, came from Bao'an Army and was the second son of Yanqing. At first through hereditary privilege he was appointed third-rank palace attendant. By accumulated promotion he rose to overall inspector of horse and foot of the Yanyan Circuit and defender of Qiz Prefecture. When Fang La rebelled, Yanqing was overall commander of the pacification commission and sent Guangshi at the head of one army toward Qu and Wu, breaking them by surprise. When the bandits were pacified, he was appointed observation commissioner of Yao Prefecture and promoted to overall controller of horse and foot of the Yanyan Circuit.
39
時有事燕洑，光世從延慶取易州，授奉國軍承宣使。 金將郭藥師降，除威武、奉甯軍承宣使。 延慶遣諸將搗虛趨燕，以光世為後繼。 光世不至，諸將失援而潰，降三官。
At that time there was campaigning at Yanfu. Guangshi followed Yanqing in taking Yi Prefecture and was appointed commissioner-in-chief of the Fengguo Army. When the Jurchen general Guo Yaoshi surrendered, he was made commissioner-in-chief of the Weiwu and Fengning armies. Yanqing sent the generals to strike at an empty point toward Yan while Guangshi served as rear support. Guangshi did not arrive. The generals lost support and collapsed, and he was demoted three ranks.
40
河北賊張迪掠浚州境，詔光世討之。 光世曰：「賊烏合，非有紀律，佯北以邀之，其亂可取也。」 即麾騎退。 賊競進，光世引騎貫其中，賊大潰。 復承宣使，充鄜延路馬步軍副總管。
The Hebei bandit Zhang Di plundered the borders of Jun Prefecture, and an edict ordered Guangshi to suppress him. Guangshi said, 'The bandits are a mob without discipline. Feign retreat to lure them and their disorder can be seized.' He immediately ordered the horsemen to withdraw. The bandits pressed forward eagerly. Guangshi led horsemen through their midst and the bandits collapsed utterly. He was restored as commissioner-in-chief and appointed deputy overall commander of horse and foot of the Yanyan Circuit.
41
王即皇帝位，命為省視陵寢使，尋為提舉禦營使司一行事務、行在都巡檢使。 斬山東賊李昱，遷奉國軍節度使。 平鎮江叛兵，改滁濠太平州、無為軍、江寧府制置使。 討張遇于池州，遇望其陣曰：「官軍不整，可破也。」 時湖水涸，賊越湖出官軍後，官軍亂，光世幾被執，王德救之得免。 遇循江而上，光世整兵追至江州，斷其後軍破之。 遇復東下，又追擊于江寧。
When the prince ascended the throne, Guangshi was appointed commissioner for inspecting imperial tombs, and soon made commissioner for managing the affairs of the Imperial Camp Commission and chief inspector of the mobile court. He executed the Shandong bandit Li Yu and was transferred to military governor of the Fengguo Army. After pacifying the rebel troops at Zhenjiang, he was made pacification commissioner of Chu, Hao, Taiping Prefecture, Wuwei Army, and Jiangning Prefecture. Suppressing Zhang Yu at Chizhou, Yu looked at his formation and said, 'The government army is not in order; it can be broken.' At that time the lake waters had dried. The bandits crossed the lake and emerged behind the government army. The army fell into disorder; Guangshi was nearly captured, but Wang De rescued him and he escaped. Yu proceeded upriver. Guangshi reorganized the army, pursued to Jiangzhou, cut off his rear army, and defeated it. When Yu again moved east, Guangshi again pursued and fought at Jiangning.
42
二年，以功加檢校少保，命討李成。 光世以王德為先鋒，與成遇于上蔡驛口橋，敗之。 成收散卒再戰，光世以儒服臨軍，成遙見白袍青蓋，並兵圍之，德潰圍拔光世以出。 下令得成者以其官爵與之。 士爭奮，再戰皆捷，成遁，執其謀主陶子思。 加檢校少傅。
In the second year, for merit he was promoted to honorary junior guardian and ordered to suppress Li Cheng. Guangshi made Wang De vanguard. They met Cheng at Shangcai Yikou Bridge and defeated him. Cheng gathered scattered troops and fought again. Guangshi attended the army in scholar's robes. Cheng saw the white robe and green canopy from afar, combined forces, and encircled him. De broke through the encirclement and pulled Guangshi out. An order was issued that whoever captured Cheng would receive his office and rank. The soldiers vied in ardor. In the second battle all were victorious. Cheng fled, and his strategist Tao Zisi was captured. He was promoted to honorary junior mentor.
43
帝在揚州，金騎掩至天長，光世迎敵，未至而軍潰。 帝倉卒渡江，命光世為行在五軍制置使，屯鎮江府，控扼江口。 尋加檢校太保、殿前都指揮使。
When the emperor was at Yangzhou, Jurchen horsemen struck suddenly at Tianchang. Guangshi went to meet the enemy but before he arrived the army collapsed. The emperor hastily crossed the river and appointed Guangshi commissioner of the mobile court's five armies, encamped at Zhenjiang Prefecture to control the river mouth. Soon afterward he was promoted to honorary grand guardian and overall commander of the Palace Front.
44
苗、劉為亂，素憚光世，遷光世為太尉、淮南制置使。 張浚在平江，馳書諭以勤王，光世不從； 呂頤浩遣使至鎮江說之，乃引兵會於丹陽。 兵進，光世以選卒為遊擊，仍分軍殿后，遇苗翊、馬柔吉軍于臨平，與韓世忠等破之。 至行在，遷太尉、禦營副使。 光世遣王德助喬仲福追傅至崇安縣，盡降其眾，傅僅以身免。 逆將範瓊被執，張浚使光世撫定其眾，又招賊靳賽降之。 命光世為江東宣撫使，守太平及池州，受杜充節制。 光世言受充節制有不可者六，帝怒，詔毋入光世殿門，光世始受命。
When Miao and Liu rebelled, they had always feared Guangshi. He was transferred to Grand Marshal and Huainan pacification commissioner. Zhang Jun was at Pingjiang and sent a fast letter urging him to rush to the emperor's aid, but Guangshi did not obey. Lü Yihao sent an envoy to Zhenjiang to persuade him, and he then led troops to join at Danyang. As the army advanced, Guangshi used picked troops as skirmishers and still divided forces as rearguard. They met the armies of Miao Yi and Ma Rouji at Linping and, with Han Shizhong and others, defeated them. Upon reaching the mobile court, he was transferred to Grand Marshal and deputy commissioner of the Imperial Camp. Guangshi sent Wang De to help Qiao Zhongfu pursue Fu to Chong'an County and fully accepted the surrender of his followers. Fu barely escaped with his life. The rebel general Fan Qiong was captured. Zhang Jun had Guangshi pacify his followers and also recruited the bandit Jin Sai to surrender. Guangshi was appointed Jiangdong pacification commissioner, holding Taiping and Chizhou, under Du Chong's command. Guangshi said there were six reasons why accepting Chong's command was impossible. The emperor was angry and ordered that Guangshi not enter the palace gates. Guangshi then accepted the order.
45
隆祐太后在南昌，議者謂金人自蘄、黃渡江，陸行二百里可至，命光世移屯江州為遮罩。 光世既至，日置酒高會。 金人自黃州渡江，凡三日，無知之者。 比金人至，遂遁，太后退保虔州。 馮楫貽書光世，言：「賊深入，最兵家之忌。 進則距山，退則背江，百無一利，而敢如此橫行者，以前無抗拒，後無襲逐也。 太尉儻選精兵自將來洪，而開一路令歸，伏兵掩之，可使匹馬不還。」 光世不能用，自信州引兵至南康。 酈瓊圍固始縣，光世遣人招降之，又遣王德擒妖賊王念經於信州。
Empress Dowager Longyou was at Nanchang. Counsellors said that if the Jurchens crossed the river from Qi and Huang, two hundred li overland would reach her. Guangshi was ordered to move encampment to Jiangzhou as a screen. Once Guangshi arrived, he held wine feasts every day. The Jurchens crossed the river from Huang Prefecture, and for three days no one knew. By the time the Jurchens arrived, he fled, and the empress dowager withdrew to protect Gan Prefecture. Feng Ji sent Guangshi a letter saying, 'Deep penetration by bandits is what military strategists most dread. Advancing, they face mountains; retreating, they have the river at their backs—nothing to their advantage—yet they dare act so boldly because there is no resistance ahead and no pursuit from behind. If the Grand Marshal would select picked troops and come in person to Hong, while opening a route for them to return and setting an ambush, not a single horse need return.' Guangshi could not use the plan and led troops from Xin Prefecture to Nankang. Li Qiong besieged Gushi County. Guangshi sent men to recruit him to surrender and also sent Wang De to capture the sorcerer-bandit Wang Nianjing at Xin Prefecture.
46
時光世部曲無所隸，號「太尉兵」，侍御史沈與求論其非宜。 會禦營司廢，乃以「巡衛」名其軍，命充御前巡衛軍都統制。 召赴行在，授浙西安撫大使、知鎮江府。 光世言：「安撫控制一路，若但守鎮江，則他郡有警，不可離任。 望別除守臣，光世專充安撫使，從便置司。」 時光世慮金人必過江，故預擇便地，帝覺之，止許增辟通判。 右諫議大夫黎確疏其擇便求佚，中外所憤，帝釋不問，加甯武軍節度使、開府儀同三司以遣之。 光世乞便宜行事，不許。 時韓世忠、張俊兼領浙西制置使，光世復言本路兵火之余，不任三處需求，遂罷世忠、俊兼領。
At that time Guangshi's followers belonged to no command and were called Grand Marshal's troops. Remonstrance Attendant Shen Yuqiu argued this was improper. When the Imperial Camp Commission was abolished, his army was named Patrol Guard and he was appointed overall commander of the imperial Patrol Guard Army. He was summoned to the mobile court and appointed grand pacification commissioner of western Zhejiang and prefect of Zhenjiang. Guangshi said, 'The pacification commissioner controls a whole circuit. If he only holds Zhenjiang, then when other prefectures are alarmed he cannot leave his post. I hope another defender may be separately appointed so that I may serve solely as pacification commissioner and establish headquarters where convenient.' At that time Guangshi feared the Jurchens would surely cross the river and therefore chose a convenient place in advance. The emperor perceived this and only allowed adding an additional vice prefect. Right Remonstrance Grandee Li Que memorialized that he was choosing convenience and seeking ease, which angered court and country. The emperor released him without inquiry, added him as military governor of the Ningwu Army and Commissioner with the Same Rank as the Three Excellencies, and sent him off. Guangshi requested discretionary authority; it was not granted. At that time Han Shizhong and Zhang Jun concurrently held the western Zhejiang pacification commission. Guangshi again said that after the fires of war this circuit could not meet three demands, and their concurrent posts were abolished.
47
時金兵留淮東，光世頗畏其鋒，楚州被圍已百日，帝手劄趣光世援楚者五，竟不行； 但遣王德、酈瓊將輕兵以出，時奏殺獲而已。 楚州破，命光世節制諸鎮，力守通、泰。 完顏昌屯承、楚，光世知其眾思歸，欲攜貳之。 乃鑄金銀銅錢，文曰「招納信寶」。 獲敵不殺，令持錢文示其徒，有欲歸者，扣江執錢為信。 歸者不絕，因創「奇兵」、「赤心」兩軍，昌遂拔砦去。
At that time Jurchen troops remained in eastern Huai and Guangshi was quite afraid of their edge. Chuzhou had been besieged for a hundred days. The emperor sent five personal letters urging Guangshi to relieve it, yet he did not go. He only sent Wang De and Li Qiong with light troops to go out and from time to time memorialized kills and captures. When Chuzhou fell, Guangshi was ordered to command the garrisons and hold Tong and Tai with all his strength. Wanyan Chang encamped at Cheng and Chu. Guangshi knew his troops wished to return and wanted to win them over. He cast gold, silver, and copper coins inscribed Recruitment Trust Token. Captured enemies were not killed. They were told to show the coin inscription to their followers, and those who wished to return knocked on the riverbank holding the coin as token. Surrenders never ceased. He therefore created the Odd Troops and Red Heart armies, and Chang thereupon broke camp and withdrew.
48
光世以枯秸生穗為瑞，聞於朝。 帝曰：「歲豐人不乏食，朝得賢輔佐，軍有十萬鐵騎，乃可為瑞，此外不足信。」 淮北人多歸附者，命光世兼海、泗宣撫使以安輯之。 五湖捕魚人夏寧聚眾千余，掠人為食，郭仲威餘黨出沒淮南，邵青據通州，光世皆招降之。 光世請鑄淮東宣撫使印，給錢糧，增將吏，皆從其請。 仍給鎮江府、常州、江陰軍苗米三十七萬斛，為軍中一歲費。
Guangshi reported as an auspice that withered stalks had sprouted grain ears and informed the court. The emperor said, 'Only when harvests are abundant and people lack no food, the court has worthy assistants, and the army has a hundred thousand iron cavalry can there be an auspice. Apart from this it is not to be believed.' Many people north of the Huai were returning to allegiance. Guangshi was ordered concurrently as Hai and Si pacification commissioner to settle them. Xia Ning, a fisherman of the Five Lakes, gathered more than a thousand men and plundered people for food. Guo Zhongwei's remaining followers roamed eastern Huai, and Shao Qing held Tong Prefecture—all were recruited to surrender by Guangshi. Guangshi requested casting a Huaidong pacification commission seal, supplying funds and grain, and increasing officers; all were granted. He was also granted 370,000 hu of seed grain from Zhenjiang Prefecture, Chang Prefecture, and Jiangyin Army as one year's military expense.
49
二年，復命移屯揚州，時至鎮江視師。 光世不奉詔，入朝言：鄰寇有疑，或致生事，願仍領浙西為根本計。 右司諫方孟卿劾之，乞召宰執與議，使之必往，光世猶以乏糧為辭。 光世之來，以繒帛、方物為獻，帝命分賜六宮，中丞沈與求以為不可，命還之。
In the second year he was again ordered to move encampment to Yangzhou and at the time came to Zhenjiang to inspect the army. Guangshi did not obey the edict and entered court, saying neighboring bandits were suspicious and might cause trouble. He wished still to hold western Zhejiang as a foundation. Right Secretariat Remonstrance Fang Mengqing impeached him, asking that the chief ministers be summoned to discuss and compel him to go. Guangshi still pleaded lack of grain. When Guangshi came, he presented silk and local products as gifts. The emperor ordered them divided among the six palaces, but Censor-in-Chief Shen Yuqiu thought this improper and they were ordered returned.
50
呂頤浩與光世有故怨，頤浩將出視師，首言光世兵冗不練，乞移其軍還闕。 帝曰：「光世軍糧不足，若驟移，必潰，先犒軍而後料簡可也。」 頤浩至鎮江，光世軍果告乏，頤浩奏光世軍月費二千萬緡，乞差官考核。 詔御史江躋、度支胡蒙至軍點校，終不得實。 帝方倚其成功，尋詔兩漕臣措置鎮江酒稅務，助其軍費； 又罷織禦服羅，省七百萬緡以助之。 加甯武、甯國軍節度使。 光世奏部將喬仲福、靳賽防江有勞，詔進一官，許回授。
Lü Yihao had an old grievance with Guangshi. When Yihao was about to go out to inspect the army, he first said Guangshi's troops were redundant and untrained and asked to move his army back to the capital. The emperor said, 'Guangshi's army lacks grain. If moved suddenly it will surely collapse. First reward the army and then sort them out—that will do.' When Yihao reached Zhenjiang, Guangshi's army indeed reported shortage. Yihao memorialized that Guangshi's army cost twenty million strings per month and asked that officials be sent to audit. An edict ordered Censor Jiang Ji and Revenue Commissioner Hu Meng to inspect the army on site. In the end the true figures could not be obtained. The emperor was then relying on his success. Soon an edict ordered the two transport commissioners to arrange Zhenjiang wine-tax offices to assist his military expenses; weaving of imperial robe silk was also halted, saving seven million strings to assist. He was added as military governor of the Ningwu and Ningguo armies. Guangshi memorialized that his subordinate generals Qiao Zhongfu and Jin Sai had merit in defending the river. An edict promoted each one rank, with permission to confer on others.
51
光世固乞轉行，給事中程瑀持不可，又言光世兵未渡江，金人或渡淮，江、浙必震。 光世方遣人按行宜興湖洑之間，以備退保。 詔以章示之，光世遷延如故。
Guangshi firmly requested transfer. Supervising Attendant Cheng Yu objected and also said Guangshi's troops had not crossed the river; if the Jurchens crossed the Huai, Jiang and Zhe would surely be shaken. Guangshi was then sending men to inspect the area between Yixing and the lake marshes to prepare for withdrawal. An edict showed him the memorial, but Guangshi delayed as before.
52
三年，命光世與韓世忠易鎮，同召赴闕，授檢校太傅、江東宣撫使。 世忠既至鎮江城下，奸人入城焚府庫，光世擒之，皆云世忠所遣。 世忠屯登雲門，光世引兵出，懼其扼己，改途趨白鷺店。 世忠遣兵襲其後，光世以聞。 帝遣使和解，仍書《賈復》、《寇恂傳》賜之。 命為江東、淮西宣撫使，置司池州，賜錢十萬緡。
In the third year Guangshi and Han Shizhong exchanged garrisons and were summoned together to court. He was appointed honorary grand tutor and Jiangdong pacification commissioner. Once Shizhong reached the foot of Zhenjiang's walls, villains entered the city and burned the treasury. Guangshi captured them, and all said Shizhong had sent them. Shizhong encamped at Dengyun Gate. Guangshi led troops out, fearing he would block him, and changed route toward Bailu Station. Shizhong sent troops to strike his rear, and Guangshi reported it. The emperor sent an envoy to reconcile them and wrote out the Biographies of Jia Fu and Kou Xun to bestow. He was appointed Jiangdong and Huai West pacification commissioner, established headquarters at Chizhou, and granted a hundred thousand strings.
53
劉豫將王彥先揚兵淮上，有渡江意。 光世扼馬家渡，遣酈瓊屯無為軍，為濠、廬援，賊乃退。 光世奏鄜延李佾充閣門祗候，言者論其涉私，罷之。 金人、劉豫入侵，時光世、張俊、韓世忠權相敵，且持私隙，帝遣侍御史魏矼至軍中，諭以滅怨報國。 光世乃移書二帥，二帥皆復書致情。 光世始移軍太平州以援世忠。 金兵退，光世入覲，遷少保。 帝曰：「卿與世忠以少嫌不釋，然烈士當以氣義相許，先國家而後私仇。」 復諭以光武分寇恂、賈復之事。 光世泣謝，請以所置淮東田易淮西田，給事中晏敦復言其擾民而止； 又請並封其三妾為孺人，南渡後，諸大將封妾自此始。 會改神武軍為行營護軍，以光世所部稱左護軍。 劉豫築劉龍城以窺淮西，光世遣王師晟破之，加保靜軍節度使，遂領三鎮。
Liu Yu's general Wang Yanxian displayed troops on the Huai with intent to cross the river. Guangshi held Majia Ford, sent Li Qiong to encamp at Wuwei Army as support for Hao and Lu, and the bandits withdrew. Guangshi memorialized that Li Yi of Yanyan should serve as gatehouse attendant. Remonstrators argued this involved private favor and Yi was dismissed. When the Jurchens and Liu Yu invaded, Guangshi, Zhang Jun, and Han Shizhong were roughly equal in power and held private grudges. The emperor sent Remonstrance Attendant Wei Kang to the armies to urge them to put aside resentment and serve the state. Guangshi then sent letters to the two commanders, and both replied with expressions of goodwill. Guangshi then moved his army to Taiping Prefecture to aid Shizhong. When the Jurchen troops withdrew, Guangshi had an audience and was promoted to junior guardian. The emperor said, 'You and Shizhong have not released a small resentment, yet a man of honor should pledge himself by spirit and righteousness, putting the state before private enmity.' He again instructed him with how Emperor Guangwu divided Kou Xun and Jia Fu. Guangshi wept and apologized and requested to exchange the Huaidong fields he had established for Huai West fields. Supervising Attendant Yan Dunfu said this would disturb the people and it was stopped; he also requested that all three of his concubines be ennobled as ladies. After the southward crossing, the great generals' ennoblement of concubines began here. When the Shenwu Army was changed to the Mobile Camp Guard Army, Guangshi's command was called the Left Guard Army. Liu Yu built Liulong City to spy on Huai West. Guangshi sent Wang Shisheng to break it, was added as military governor of the Baojing Army, and thus held three garrisons.
54
張浚撫淮上諸屯，劉豫挾金人分道入侵，命光世屯廬州以招北軍，與韓世忠、張俊鼎立，楊沂中將精卒為後距。 劉猊驅鄉民偽為金兵，布淮境。 光世奏廬難守，密幹趙鼎，欲還太平州。 浚命呂祉馳往軍中督師，光世已舍廬州退，浚遣人厲其眾曰：「若有一人渡江，即斬以徇。」 光世不得已，駐兵與沂中相應，遣王德、酈瓊領兵自安豐出謝步，遇金將三戰，皆敗之。 張浚入對，言光世驕惰不戰，不可為大將，請罷之。 帝命與趙鼎議，鼎曰：「光世將家子孫，將卒多出其門，罷之恐拂人心。」 遂遷護國、鎮安、保靜軍節度使。
Zhang Jun pacified the garrisons on the Huai. Liu Yu, backed by the Jurchens, invaded by separate routes. Guangshi was ordered to encamp at Luzhou to recruit northern troops, standing with Han Shizhong and Zhang Jun in tripartite array, while Yang Yizhong led picked troops as rear guard. Liu Ya drove village folk disguised as Jurchen troops and spread them across the Huai region. Guangshi memorialized that Lu was hard to hold, secretly petitioned Zhao Ding, and wished to return to Taiping Prefecture. Jun ordered Lü Zhi to ride quickly to the army to supervise the campaign. Guangshi had already abandoned Luzhou and withdrawn. Jun sent men to sternly address his troops: 'If a single man crosses the river, he will be executed as an example.' Guangshi had no choice but to encamp in coordination with Yizhong and sent Wang De and Li Qiong to lead troops from Anfeng out through Xiebu. They met a Jurchen general in three battles and defeated him each time. Zhang Jun entered audience and said Guangshi was arrogant, lazy, and would not fight. He could not serve as a great general and requested dismissal. The emperor ordered discussion with Zhao Ding. Ding said, 'Guangshi is a general's descendant; many officers and soldiers come from his household. Dismissing him may go against men's hearts.' He was thereupon transferred to military governor of the Huguo, Zhen'an, and Baojing armies.
55
右司諫陳公輔劾其不守廬州，張浚言其沈酣酒色，不恤國事，語以恢復，意氣怫然，乞賜罷斥。 光世引疾請罷軍政，又獻所余金谷於朝。 拜少師，充萬壽觀使，奉朝請，封榮國公，賜甲第一區，以兵歸都督府。 公輔又言光世雖罷，而遷少師，賞罰不明； 中書舍人勾龍如淵又繳還賜第之命。 帝曰：「光世罷兵柄，若恩禮稍加，則諸將知有後福，皆效力矣。」 卒賜之。 初，光世麾下多降盜，素無紀律； 至是，督府命呂祉節制其軍。 酈瓊殺祉，驅諸軍降劉豫。
Right Secretariat Remonstrance Chen Gongfu impeached him for not holding Luzhou. Zhang Jun said he was sunk in wine and women, cared nothing for state affairs, and when spoken to of recovery grew sullen in spirit, requesting dismissal. Guangshi cited illness and requested dismissal from military affairs, and also presented his remaining gold and grain to the court. He was appointed junior master, director of the Wanshou Abbey, granted attendance at court, enfeoffed as Duke of Rong, granted one mansion, and his troops were returned to the commissionerate. Gongfu again said that though Guangshi was dismissed, he was promoted to junior master—rewards and punishments were unclear; Secretariat Drafter Gou Long Ruyuan also returned the order granting the mansion. The emperor said, 'If Guangshi has lost military power yet receives slightly increased favor, the other generals will know there is later fortune and all will exert themselves.' In the end it was granted. Earlier, many of Guangshi's subordinates were surrendered bandits and had never had discipline; now the commissionerate ordered Lü Zhi to command his army. Li Qiong killed Zhi and drove the armies to surrender to Liu Yu.
56
光世在諸將中最先進。 律身不嚴，馭軍無法，不肯為國任事，逋寇自資，見詆公論。 嘗入對，言：「願竭力報國，他日史官書臣功第一。」 帝曰：「卿不可徒為空言，當見之行事。」 建炎初，結內侍康履以自固。 又蚤解兵柄，與時浮沉，不為秦檜所忌，故能竊寵榮以終其身，方之韓、岳遠矣。
Among the generals Guangshi advanced earliest. He did not discipline himself strictly, had no method of controlling troops, refused to undertake state business, enriched himself by letting bandits escape, and was reviled in public opinion. Once in audience he said, 'I wish to exert all my strength for the state. Someday the historiographers will record my merit as first.' The emperor said, 'You must not speak empty words. It should be seen in action. At the beginning of Jianyan he bonded with the eunuch Kang Lü to secure himself. He also relinquished military power early, floated with the times, and was not resented by Qin Hui. Therefore he was able to steal favor and glory to the end of his life—far indeed from Han and Yue.
57
王淵，字幾道，熙州人，後徙環州。 善騎射。 應募擊夏國，屢有功，累遷熙河蘭湟路第三將部將、權知鞏州寧遠砦。 諸羌入寇，經略司討之，表淵總領岷山蕃兵將，興師城澤州。 羌悉眾來爭，淵奮擊，大破之，追至邈川城。 移同總領湟州蕃兵將兼知臨宗砦，坐法免。
Wang Yuan, styled Jidao, came from Xizhou and later moved to Huanzhou. He was skilled at riding and archery. He volunteered to strike the Xia state and repeatedly achieved merit. By accumulated promotion he rose to company commander of the third command of the Xihe-Lan-Huang Circuit and acting prefect of Ningyuan Stockade in Gong Prefecture. When the Qiang tribes invaded, the pacification commission suppressed them and memorialized that Yuan should overall command the Minshan tribal troops and raise an army to fortify Ze Prefecture. The Qiang gathered all their strength to contest it. Yuan fought fiercely and inflicted a great defeat, pursuing to Miaochuan city. He was transferred to concurrently overall command the Huangzhou tribal troops and concurrently prefect of Linzong Stockade. Through violation of law he was dismissed.
58
宣和三年，劉延慶討方臘，以淵為先鋒。 賊將據錢塘，勢張甚。 淵諭小校韓世忠曰：「賊謂我遠來，必易我。 明日爾逆戰而偽遁，我以強弩伏數百步外，必可得志。」 世忠如其言，賊果追之，伏弩卒發，應弦而倒。 逐北至淳安，賊據幫源峒，遂圍而平之。 授閣門宣贊舍人、權京畿提舉保甲兼權提點刑獄公事。
In the third year of Xuanhe Liu Yanqing suppressed Fang La and made Yuan vanguard. The bandit general held Qiantang and his momentum was very strong. Yuan told the junior officer Han Shizhong, 'The bandits think we have come from far away and will surely underestimate us. Tomorrow you fight them head-on and feign retreat. I will set strong crossbows in ambush several hundred paces away and we will surely succeed.' Shizhong did as he said. The bandits indeed pursued, the ambush crossbows suddenly released, and they fell at the bowstring's release. Pursuing north to Chun'an, the bandits held Bangyuan Cave. He besieged and pacified it. He was appointed Gatehouse Proclamation Attendant, acting Metropolitan Circuit promoter of the baojia system and acting circuit intendant of penal affairs.
59
繼從延慶攻契丹。 重兵壁盧溝南，遣淵等數千人護餉道，戰敗為敵所獲。 已而逃歸，猶以出塞遷武功大夫、果州團練使。 又從楊惟忠、辛興宗破群盜高托山等，遷拱衛大夫、甯州觀察使。
Later he served under Yanqing in attacking the Khitan. Heavy troops walled south of the Lugou. Yuan and several thousand others were sent to guard the supply route, were defeated in battle, and were captured by the enemy. Later he escaped and returned, yet for crossing the frontier was transferred to Grandee of Martial Achievement and regimental commissioner of Guo Prefecture. He again followed Yang Weizhong and Xin Xingzong in breaking the bandits Gao Tuoshan and others and was transferred to Grandee of the Palace Guard and observation commissioner of Ning Prefecture.
60
靖康元年，為真定府總管，就遷都統制。 吳湛據趙州叛，淵討平之。 金人攻汴京，河東、北宣撫使范訥統勤王兵屯雍丘，以淵為先鋒。 尋以所部歸康王府。
In the first year of Jingkang he was overall commander of Zhending Prefecture and concurrently promoted to overall commander. Wu Zhan rebelled and held Zhao Prefecture. Yuan suppressed and pacified him. When the Jurchens attacked Bianjing, Hedong-North Pacification Commissioner Fan Ne overall commanded the troops rushing to the emperor's aid encamped at Yongqiu and made Yuan vanguard. Soon afterward he brought his command to the Prince of Kang's household.
61
明年，張邦昌僭立，康王如濟州，命淵以三千人入衛宗廟。 淵至汴都，以朝服見邦昌，納謁曰：「參塚宰相公。」 邦昌始易紫袍延之政事堂，淵慟哭宣教。 康王即皇帝位，淵與楊惟忠、韓世忠以河北兵，劉光世以陝西兵，張俊、苗傅等以帥府及降群盜兵，皆在行朝，不相統一。 始置禦營司，以淵為都統制，扈從累月不釋甲。 帝如揚州，授龍、神衛四廂都指揮使，尋改捧日、天武四廂都指揮使，進保大軍承宣使。
The next year Zhang Bangchang usurped the throne. The Prince of Kang went to Jizhou and ordered Yuan with three thousand men to enter and guard the imperial ancestral temple. Yuan reached the Bian capital, saw Bangchang in court dress, and paid respects saying, 'Greetings to the Prime Minister of the Ancestral Tombs.' Bangchang then changed to purple robes and received him in the Hall of Administration. Yuan wept and proclaimed the edict. When the Prince of Kang ascended the throne, Yuan with Yang Weizhong and Han Shizhong brought Hebei troops, Liu Guangshi brought Shaanxi troops, and Zhang Jun, Miao Fu, and others brought marshal's household and surrendered bandit troops—all were at the mobile court and not unified in command. The Imperial Camp Commission was first established and Yuan was made overall commander. He escorted the emperor for months without removing armor. When the emperor went to Yangzhou, he was appointed overall commander of the four divisions of the Dragon and Divine Guard Armies, soon changed to the four divisions of the Puri and Tianwu Armies, and promoted to commissioner-in-chief of the Baoda Army.
62
時群盜蜂起，以淵為制置使平杭賊，提兵四出，所向皆捷。 平軍賊趙萬於鎮江，誅杭賊陳通於杭州，降張遇于楊子橋； 期年，群盜略盡。 遷響德軍節度使。 惟趙萬、陳通等已招其降，而復盡誅之。
At that time bandits swarmed. Yuan was made pacification commissioner to pacify Hangzhou bandits, led troops in four directions, and wherever he went was victorious. He pacified the bandit Zhao Wan at Zhenjiang, executed the Hangzhou bandit Chen Tong at Hangzhou, and accepted Zhang Yu's surrender at Yangzi Bridge; within a year bandits were nearly all gone. He was transferred to military governor of the Xiangde Army. Yet Zhao Wan, Chen Tong, and others had already been recruited to surrender and were then entirely executed.
63
建炎三年二月，金人攻揚州，帝倉卒渡江，淵與內侍康履從至鎮江。 奉國軍節度使劉光世見帝泣告：「淵專管江上海船，每言緩急決不誤事。 今臣所部數萬，二千餘騎，皆不能濟。」 淵忿其言，斬江北都巡檢皇甫佐以自解。 中書侍郎朱勝非馳見淵督之，乃始經畫，已無所及，自是淵失諸將心。
In the second month of the third year of Jianyan the Jurchens attacked Yangzhou. The emperor hastily crossed the river, and Yuan with the eunuch Kang Lü followed to Zhenjiang. Fengguo Army military governor Liu Guangshi saw the emperor and wept, reporting, 'Yuan alone manages the river and sea boats on the Jiang and always says that in urgency he will not fail. Now my command of several tens of thousands, more than two thousand horsemen, all cannot cross.' Yuan resented his words and executed North-of-the-River Chief Inspector Huangfu Zuo to explain himself. Chief Minister Zhu Shengfei rode quickly to see Yuan and urge him. Only then did he begin planning, but it was already too late. From this Yuan lost the generals' hearts.
64
帝欲如鎮江以援江北，群臣亦固請。 淵獨言：「鎮江止可捍一面，若金人自通州渡，先據姑蘇，將若之何？ 不如錢塘有重江之險。」 議遂決。 命淵守姑蘇，言戎器全缺，兵匠甚少，乞括民匠營繕。 尋自平江赴行在，拜簽書樞密院事，仍兼都統制。 命下，諸將籍籍。 帝聞之，乃命免奏事簽書，仍解都統制，以慰眾心。
The emperor wished to go to Zhenjiang to aid the north of the river; the ministers also firmly requested it. Yuan alone said, 'Zhenjiang can only defend one face. If the Jurchens cross from Tong Prefecture and first seize Gusu, what then? Qiantang has the barrier of a heavy river.' The decision was settled. Yuan was ordered to hold Gusu. He said weapons of war were entirely lacking and military craftsmen very few, and requested impressing civilian craftsmen for repair. Soon afterward he came from Pingjiang to the mobile court, was appointed signed commissioner of the Bureau of Military Affairs, and still concurrently overall commander. When the order was issued the generals murmured. The emperor heard of it and ordered that he be exempted from memorializing as signed commissioner and still be relieved of overall command to reassure the people's hearts.
65
先是，統制官苗傅自負世將，以淵驟用，頗觖望； 劉正彥嘗招巨盜丁進，亦以賞薄怨淵。 而內侍康履頗用事，及淵入樞府，傅、正彥以其由宦官薦，愈不平。 俟淵入朝，伏兵殺之，並殺康履，遂成明受之變。 淵時年五十三。
Earlier, overall controller Miao Fu, proud of being from a military family, resented Yuan's sudden promotion; Liu Zhengyan had once recruited the great bandit Ding Jin and also resented Yuan for meager rewards. The eunuch Kang Lü wielded considerable power. When Yuan entered the Bureau of Military Affairs, Fu and Zhengyan resented all the more that he had been recommended by a eunuch. They waited until Yuan entered court, set troops in ambush, killed him, and also killed Kang Lü, thus bringing about the Mingzhou mutiny. Yuan was then fifty-three.
66
淵為將輕財好義，家無宿儲，每言：「朝廷官人以爵祿足代耕，若事錐刀，我何愛爵祿，曷若為富商大賈邪？」 初，帝在南京，聞淵疾，遣中使曾澤問疾。 澤還，言其帷幔茵褥皆不具，帝輟所禦紫茸茵以賜。 然其平群盜多殺降，與康履深交，故及於禍。 贈開府儀同三司，累加少保，官其子孫八人。 紹興四年，又官二人。 乾道六年，諡襄湣。 子倚。
As a general Yuan was generous with wealth and fond of righteousness; his household had no stored provisions. He often said, 'The court appoints men with rank and salary sufficient to replace farming. If one haggles over pennies, why should I cherish rank and salary—why not become a great merchant?' At first, when the emperor was at Nanjing, he heard Yuan was ill and sent Palace Envoy Zeng Ze to inquire after his illness. When Ze returned he said Yuan's curtains, mattresses, and bedding were all lacking. The emperor set aside his own purple fleece mat to grant him. Yet in pacifying bandits he often killed those who had surrendered, and he was deeply intimate with Kang Lü; therefore he met with disaster. Posthumously he was made Commissioner with the Same Rank as the Three Excellencies, cumulatively promoted to junior guardian, and eight of his sons and grandsons were given office. In the fourth year of Shaoxing two more were given office. In the sixth year of Qiandao his posthumous title was Xiangmin. His son was Yi.
67
解元，字善長，保安軍德清砦人。 疏眉俊目，猿臂，善騎射。 起行伍，為清澗都虞候。 建炎三年，隸大將韓世忠麾下，擢偏將。 世忠出下邳，聞金兵大至，士皆駭愕。 元領二十騎擒其生口，知敵動息。 俄逢騎數百，身自陷陣，橫刺酋長墜馬，餘皆遁去。 授閣門宣贊舍人。 苗傅、劉正彥之變，從世忠追至臨平與戰，賊勢既衰，擒於浦城。
Jie Yuan, styled Shanchang, came from Deqing Stockade in Bao'an Army. He had sparse brows and handsome eyes, ape-like arms, and was skilled at riding and archery. He rose from the ranks and was chief adjutant of Qingjian. In the third year of Jianyan he came under the great general Han Shizhong and was promoted to deputy general. When Shizhong went out from Xiapi and heard that Jurchen troops had arrived in force, the soldiers were all alarmed. Yuan led twenty horsemen to capture prisoners and learned the enemy's movements. Soon he met several hundred horsemen, personally plunged into the formation, struck the chieftain horizontally and knocked him from his horse, and the rest all fled. He was appointed Gatehouse Proclamation Attendant. In the Miao Fu and Liu Zhengyan mutiny he followed Shizhong in pursuit to Linping and fought. Once the rebels' momentum had waned, they were captured at Pucheng.
68
四年三月，金人攻浙西，世忠治兵京口，邀其歸路，以海艦橫截大江。 金人出小舟數十，以長鉤扳艦。 元在別舸躍入敵舟，以短兵擊殺數十人，擒其千戶。 授忠州團練使，統制前軍。 繼從討閩寇範汝為，轉討湖外諸盜。 時劉忠據白麵山，憑險築壘。 世忠討之，距賊營三十里而陣。 元獨跨馬涉水薄賊砦，四顧周覽。 賊因山設望樓，從高瞰下，以兵守之，屯壯銳於四山，視其指呼而出戰。 元既得其形勢，歸告世忠曰：「易與爾，若奪據其望樓，則技窮矣。」 世忠然之，遣元率兵五百，長戟居中，翼以弓矢，自下趨高，賊眾莫支。 乃據望樓，立赤幟，四面並進，賊遂平。 改相州觀察使。
In the third month of the fourth year the Jurchens attacked western Zhejiang. Shizhong trained troops at Jingkou and blocked their return route, using sea ships to bar the great river. The Jurchens sent out several tens of small boats and used long hooks to pull at the ships. Yuan was on a separate boat, leaped into an enemy vessel, killed several tens of men with short weapons, and captured their chiliarch. He was appointed regimental commissioner of Zhong Prefecture and overall controller of the vanguard. Later he followed in suppressing the Fujian bandit Fan Ruwei and turned to suppressing bandits outside the lakes. At that time Liu Zhong held Baimian Mountain and relied on the terrain to build fortifications. Shizhong suppressed him and formed battle lines thirty li from the bandit camp. Yuan alone crossed his horse through the water and pressed close to the bandit stockade, looking all around. The bandits set watch towers on the mountain, looked down from the heights, guarded them with troops, and stationed picked troops on the four mountains, sending them out to fight according to signals. Once Yuan had grasped their disposition, he returned and told Shizhong, 'They are easy to deal with. If we seize their watch towers, their stratagems will be exhausted.' Shizhong agreed and sent Yuan with five hundred troops, long halberds in the center flanked by bowmen, advancing from below toward the heights. The bandit masses could not withstand them. They then seized the watch towers, raised red banners, and advanced on all sides. The bandits were pacified. He was changed to observation commissioner of Xiang Prefecture.
69
紹興四年，金人、偽齊合兵入侵。 世忠自鎮江趨揚州，命元屯承州。 金人至近郊，元度翌日必至城下，遣百人伏要路，百人伏嶽廟，自以四百人伏路隅。 令曰：「俟金人過，我當先出掩之。 伏要路者，視我麾旂，則立幟以待，金人必自嶽廟走，伏者背出。」 又決河岸遏其歸路。 金人果走城下，伏發，金人進退無路，乃走嶽廟，元追之，獲百四十八人，止遣二人。 時城中兵不滿三千，金萬戶黑頭虎直造城下約降。 元匿其兵，以微服出，偽若降者。 金人稍懈，俄伏發，擒黑頭虎。 未幾，金兵四集，元戰卻之，追北數十里，金人赴水死者甚眾。 改同州觀察使。 六年，從世忠出下邳，以數百騎破敵伏兵，授保順軍承宣使。
In the fourth year of Shaoxing the Jurchens and the puppet Qi combined forces to invade. Shizhong hurried from Zhenjiang toward Yangzhou and ordered Yuan to encamp at Cheng Prefecture. When the Jurchens reached the suburbs, Yuan estimated they would reach the walls the next day. He sent a hundred men in ambush on the vital road, a hundred in ambush at the Yue Temple, and himself with four hundred in ambush at the roadside. He ordered, 'Wait until the Jurchens pass. I will first come out and strike them. Those ambushed on the vital road, when they see my banner, should raise flags and wait. The Jurchens will surely flee toward the Yue Temple, and the ambushers should emerge from behind.' He also broke the riverbank to block their return route. The Jurchens indeed fled toward the walls and the ambush was sprung. They had no way to advance or retreat and fled toward the Yue Temple. Yuan pursued and captured 148 men, sending back only two. At that time the troops in the city numbered less than three thousand. The Jurchen myriarch Heitou Hu came straight to the walls to negotiate surrender. Yuan hid his troops, went out in plain dress, and pretended to be one who would surrender. The Jurchens relaxed slightly. Soon the ambush was sprung and Heitou Hu was captured. Before long Jurchen troops gathered on four sides. Yuan fought them off, pursued north several tens of li, and many Jurchens drowned entering the water. He was changed to observation commissioner of Tong Prefecture. In the sixth year he followed Shizhong out from Xiapi and with several hundred horsemen broke the enemy's ambush troops. He was appointed commissioner-in-chief of the Baoshun Army.
70
十年，略地淮陽，至劉冷莊，騎才三百，當敵騎數千。 元揮戈大呼，眾爭奮，敵披靡。 俄而救至，後部疑懼，元回顧曰：「我在此，若等無慮。」 眾乃安。 轉戰自辰至午，敵退，成列而還。 加龍、神衛四廂都指揮使。
In the tenth year he raided Huaiyang and reached Liuleng Village with only three hundred horsemen facing several thousand enemy horsemen. Yuan waved his spear and shouted. The masses vied in ardor and the enemy collapsed. Soon relief arrived. The rear ranks were doubtful and afraid. Yuan looked back and said, 'I am here; you need not worry.' The masses then settled. They fought from the chen hour to the wu hour. The enemy withdrew and they returned in formation. He was promoted to overall commander of the four divisions of the Dragon and Divine Guard Armies.
71
明年，世忠罷兵柄為樞密使，以元為鎮江府駐劄御前諸軍都統制，以統其眾。 又明年，進侍衛親軍馬步軍都虞候，尋授保信軍節度使。 卒，年五十四。 贈檢校少保。
The next year Shizhong relinquished military power and became commissioner of the Bureau of Military Affairs. Yuan was made overall commander of the imperial armies stationed at Zhenjiang Prefecture to command his followers. The year after that he was promoted to chief adjutant of the Imperial Guard horse and foot and soon appointed military governor of the Baoxin Army. He died at fifty-four. Posthumously he was made honorary junior guardian.
72
曲端字正甫，鎮戎人。 父渙，任左班殿直，戰死。 端三歲，授三班借職。 警敏知書，善屬文，長於兵略，曆秦鳳路隊將、涇原路通安砦兵馬臨押，權涇原路第三將。
Qu Duan, styled Zhengfu, came from Zhenrong. His father Huan served as Left Court Attendant and died in battle. At three Duan was appointed provisional third-rank attendant. Alert and clever, he knew books, was skilled at literary composition, and excelled in military strategy. He served as company commander on the Qinfeng Circuit, temporary inspector of horse at Tong'an Stockade on the Jingyuan Circuit, and acting third commander of the Jingyuan Circuit.
73
夏人入寇涇原，帥司調統制李庠捍禦，端在遣中。 庠駐兵柏林堡，斥堠不謹，為夏人所薄，兵大潰，端力戰敗之，整軍還。 夏人再入寇，西安州、懷德軍相繼陷沒。 鎮戎當敵要衝，無守將，經略使席貢疾柏林功，奏端知鎮戎軍兼經略司統制官。
When the Tanguts invaded Jingyuan, the commandery dispatched overall controller Li Kuang to defend. Duan was among those sent. Kuang encamped at Bolin Fort. Outposts were not careful and the Tanguts pressed him; the army collapsed in great rout. Duan fought fiercely and defeated them, reformed the army, and returned. The Tanguts invaded again. Xi'an Prefecture and Huaide Army fell in succession. Zhenrong stood at the enemy's vital crossing yet had no defending general. Pacification Commissioner Xi Gong, valuing the Bolin achievement, memorialized that Duan should govern Zhenrong Army and concurrently serve as overall controller of the pacification commission.
74
王庶為龍圖閣待制，節制陝西六路軍馬。 遂授端吉州團練使，充節制司都統制，端雅不欲屬庶。 九月，金人攻陝西，庶召端會雍、耀間，端辭以未受命。 庶以鄜延兵先至龍坊，端又稱已奏乞回避，席貢別遣統制官龐世才將步騎萬人來會。 庶無如之何，則檄貢勒端還舊任，遣陝西節制司將官賀師範趨耀，別將王宗尹趨白水，且令原、慶出師為援，二帥各遣偏將劉仕忠、寇鯶來與師範會。 庶欲往耀督戰，已行，會龐世才兵至邠，端中悔，以狀白庶，言已赴軍前，庶乃止。 師範輕敵不戒，卒遇敵于八公原，戰死，二將各引去，端遂得涇原兵柄。
Wang Shu was a Hanlin Academy attendant and commanded the horse and foot of the six Shaanxi circuits. Duan was thereupon appointed regimental commissioner of Ji Prefecture and overall commander of the command commission, but Duan had never wished to belong to Shu. In the ninth month the Jurchens attacked Shaanxi. Shu summoned Duan to meet between Yong and Yao, but Duan declined on grounds that he had not yet received orders. Shu had Yanyan troops arrive first at Longfang. Duan again said he had memorialized requesting to withdraw and Xi Gong separately dispatched overall controller Pang Shicai with ten thousand infantry and cavalry to join. Shu could do nothing, then ordered Gong to compel Duan back to his old post, sent Shaanxi command commission general He Shifan toward Yao, and separately sent Wang Zongyin toward Baishui, also ordering Yuan and Qing circuits to send troops as relief. The two commanders each sent deputy generals Liu Shizhong and Kou Zhen to join Shifan. Shu wished to go to Yao to supervise the battle and had already set out when Pang Shicai's troops reached Bin. Duan halfway regretted it and reported to Shu in a memorial that he had already gone to the front, and Shu then stopped. Shifan treated the enemy lightly and was unguarded. He suddenly met the enemy at Bagong Plain, died in battle, and the two generals each withdrew. Duan thereupon obtained control of the Jingyuan troops.
75
十一月，金諜知端、庶不協，並兵攻鄜延。 時端盡統涇原精兵，駐淳化。 庶日移文趣其進，又遣使臣、進士十數輩往說端，端不聽。 庶知事急，又遣屬官魚濤督師，端陽許而實無行意。 權轉運判官張彬為端隨軍應副，問以師期。 端笑謂彬曰：「公視端所部，孰與李綱救太原兵乎？」 彬曰：「不及也。」 端曰：「綱召天下兵，不度而往，以取敗。 今端兵不滿萬，不幸而敗，則金騎長驅，無陝西矣。 端計全陝西與鄜延一路孰輕重，是以未敢即行，不如蕩賊巢穴，攻其必救。」 乃遣吳玠攻華州，拔之。 端自分蒲城而不攻，引兵趨耀之同官，復迂路由邠之三水與玠會襄樂。
In the eleventh month Jurchen spies learned that Duan and Shu were not in harmony and combined forces to attack Yanyan. At that time Duan fully commanded the picked troops of Jingyuan and encamped at Chunhua. Shu daily sent documents urging his advance and also sent more than ten envoys and jinshi graduates to persuade Duan. Duan would not listen. Shu knew matters were urgent and again sent subordinate official Yu Tao to supervise the army. Duan outwardly assented but in fact had no intention of marching. Acting Transport Vice Commissioner Zhang Bin served as Duan's army supply officer and asked about the date of campaign. Duan smiled and said to Bin, 'Compare my command with Li Gang's troops relieving Taiyuan—which is greater?' Bin said, 'It does not reach that.' Duan said, 'Gang summoned the armies of the realm and went without measuring and thus met defeat. Now my troops number less than ten thousand. If we unluckily meet defeat, Jurchen horsemen will charge straight through and there will be no Shaanxi. I weigh whether preserving all of Shaanxi or the Yanyan route is more important; that is why I dare not march at once. Better to destroy the bandits' nest and attack where they must rescue.' He then sent Wu Jie to attack Hua Prefecture and took it. Duan himself divided forces at Pucheng without attacking, led troops toward Tongguan in Yao, and again by a roundabout route through Sanshui in Bin joined Jie at Xiangle.
76
金攻延安急，庶收散亡往援。 溫州觀察使、知鳳翔府王𤫉將所部發興元，比庶至甘泉，而延安已陷。 庶無所歸，以軍付𤫉，自將百騎與官屬馳赴襄樂勞軍。 庶猶以節制望端，欲倚以自副，端彌不平。 端號令素嚴，入壁者，雖貴不敢馳。 庶至，端令每門減其從騎之半，及帳下，僅數騎而已。 端猶虛中軍以居庶，庶坐帳中，端先以戎服趨於庭，即而與張彬及走馬承受公事高中立同見帳中。 良久，端聲色俱厲，問庶延安失守狀，曰：「節制固知愛身，不知愛天子城乎？」 庶曰：「吾數令不從，誰其愛身者？」 端怒曰：「在耀州屢陳軍事，不一見聽，何也？」 因起歸帳。 庶留端軍，終夕不自安。
The Jurchens pressed the attack on Yan'an urgently. Shu gathered scattered survivors and went to the relief. Wen Prefecture observation commissioner and Fengxiang prefect Wang Shen led his command out from Xingyuan. By the time Shu reached Ganquan, Yan'an had already fallen. Shu had nowhere to return. He entrusted the army to Shen and personally led a hundred horsemen with his staff in a gallop to Xiangle to encourage the army. Shu still looked to his command authority toward Duan and wished to rely on him as deputy. Duan was all the more resentful. Duan's orders had always been strict. Those entering the walls, however noble, dared not gallop. When Shu arrived, Duan ordered each gate to reduce his escort by half. By the time he reached the tent there were only a few horsemen. Duan still vacated the middle army tent for Shu to occupy. Shu sat in the tent. Duan first came in military dress hurrying into the courtyard, then with Bin and palace courier Gao Zhongli together entered the tent to see him. After a long while Duan's voice and countenance both grew stern. He asked Shu about the loss of Yan'an and said, 'The commander surely knows how to love himself but not how to love the Son of Heaven's city?' Shu said, 'I ordered many times and was not obeyed—who is the one who loves himself?' Duan angrily said, 'At Yaozhou I repeatedly presented military plans and not one was heeded—why?' He then rose and returned to his tent. Shu remained in Duan's army and was ill at ease all night.
77
端欲即軍中殺庶，奪其兵。 夜走寧州，見陝西撫諭使謝亮，說之曰：「延安五路襟喉，今已失之，《春秋》大夫出疆得以專之，請誅庶歸報。」 亮曰：「使事有指，今以人臣擅誅於外是跋扈也，公為則自為。」 端意阻，復歸軍。 明日，庶見端，為言已自劾待罪。 端拘縻其官屬，奪其節制使印，庶乃得去。
Duan wished to kill Shu right in the army and seize his troops. At night he fled to Ning Prefecture, saw Shaanxi Pacification Commissioner Xie Liang, and persuaded him, 'Yan'an is the throat of the five routes and is now lost. A grandee abroad may on his own authority act as the Spring and Autumn Annals allow. I request to execute Shu and return to report.' Liang said, 'The commissioner's business has its aim. For a subject now to execute on his own authority abroad is domineering conduct—you may do it, but do it yourself.' Duan's intent was blocked and he returned to the army. The next day Shu saw Duan and said he had already impeached himself and awaited punishment. Duan detained his staff, seized his command commissioner's seal, and Shu was then able to leave.
78
王𤫉將兩軍在慶陽，端召之，𤫉不應。 會有告𤫉過邠軍士劫掠者，端怒，命統制官張中孚率兵召𤫉，謂中孚曰：「𤫉不聽，則斬以來。」 中孚至慶陽，𤫉已去，遽遣兵要之，不及而止。
Wang Shen commanded two armies at Qingyang. Duan summoned him and Shen did not respond. When someone reported that Shen's troops passing through Bin had plundered, Duan was angry and ordered overall controller Zhang Zhongfu to lead troops to summon Shen, telling Zhongfu, 'If Shen does not obey, cut off his head and bring it.' Zhongfu reached Qingyang. Shen had already gone and he hastily sent troops to intercept him but did not reach him and stopped.
79
初，叛賊史斌圍興元不克，引兵還關中。 義兵統領張宗諤誘斌如長安而散其眾，欲徐圖之。 端遣吳玠襲斌擒之，端自襲宗諤殺之。
Earlier, the rebel bandit Shi Bin besieged Xingyuan without success and led troops back to Guanzhong. Righteous-army commander Zhang Zong'e lured Bin to Chang'an and dispersed his masses, wishing to take him gradually. Duan sent Wu Jie to raid Bin and capture him. Duan himself raided Zong'e and killed him.
80
三年九月，遷康州防禦使、涇原路經略安撫使。 時延安新破，端不欲去涇原，乃以知涇州郭浩權鄜延經略司公事。 自謝亮歸，朝廷聞端欲斬王庶，疑有叛意，以禦營司提舉召端，端疑不行。 議者喧言端反，端無以自明。 會張浚宣撫川、陝，入辨，以百口明端不反。 浚自收攬英傑，以端在陝西屢與敵角，欲仗其威聲。 承制築壇，拜端為威武大將軍、宣州觀察使、宣撫處置使司都統制、知渭州。 端登壇受禮，軍士歡聲如雷。
In the ninth month of the third year he was transferred to defender of Kang Prefecture and pacification commissioner of the Jingyuan Circuit. At that time Yan'an had newly fallen. Duan did not wish to leave Jingyuan and therefore had Jing Prefecture prefect Guo Hao act as commissioner of the Yanyan pacification commission. After Xie Liang returned, the court heard that Duan wished to execute Wang Shu and suspected treason. He was summoned as promoter of the Imperial Camp Commission, but Duan suspected trouble and did not go. Counsellors clamored that Duan was rebelling, and he had no way to clear himself. When Zhang Jun pacified Chuan and Shaanxi he entered to explain and with a hundred mouths proved Duan was not rebelling. Jun himself gathered outstanding men. Because Duan in Shaanxi had repeatedly contended with the enemy, he wished to rely on his formidable reputation. By imperial order an altar was built and Duan was appointed Awesome Martial Grand General, observation commissioner of Xuan Prefecture, overall commander of the pacification and disposition commission, and prefect of Wei Prefecture. Duan ascended the altar and received the rites. The soldiers' cheers were like thunder.
81
浚雖欲用端，然未測端意，遣張彬以招填禁軍為名，詣渭州察之。 彬見端問曰：「公常患諸路兵不合，財不足； 今兵已合，財已備，婁宿以孤軍深入吾境，我合諸路攻之不難。 萬一粘罕並兵而來，何以待之？」 端曰：「不然，兵法先較彼己，今敵可勝，止婁宿孤軍一事； 然將士精銳，不減前日。 我不可勝，亦止合五路兵一事； 然將士無以大異於前。 況金人因糧於我，我常為客，彼常為主。 今當反之，按兵據險，時出偏師以擾其耕獲。 彼不得耕，必取糧河東，則我為主，彼為客，不一二年必自困斃，可一舉而滅也。 萬一輕舉，後憂方大。」 彬以端言復命，浚不主端說。
Though Jun wished to use Duan, he had not yet measured Duan's intent and sent Zhang Bin under the pretext of recruiting and filling the forbidden army to Wei Prefecture to observe him. Bin saw Duan and asked, 'Your Lordship always grieved that the routes' troops did not combine and funds were insufficient; now troops are combined and funds prepared. Lou Wusu has led a lone army deep into our territory—we can combine the routes to attack and it will not be hard. If Wanyan Zonghan combines troops and comes, how shall we meet him?' Duan said, 'Not so. In military strategy one first compares enemy and self. Now the enemy can be defeated—this is only the matter of Lou Wusu's lone army; yet the officers and soldiers are picked and sharp, no less than before. We cannot be defeated—this too is only the matter of combining the five routes' troops; yet the officers and soldiers are not greatly different from before. Moreover the Jurchens depend on us for grain. We are always the guest and they always the host. Now we should reverse this, hold troops and occupy difficult terrain, and from time to time send partial forces to harass their plowing and harvest. If they cannot plow they must take grain from east of the river. Then we are host and they guest, and in one or two years they will perish of themselves and can be destroyed in one stroke. If we act rashly, later troubles will be great.' Bin reported Duan's words on return. Jun did not adopt Duan's view.
82
四年春，金人攻環慶，端遣吳玠等拒于彭原店，端自將屯宜祿，玠先勝。 既而金軍復振，玠小卻，端退屯涇州，金乘勝焚邠州而去。 玠怨端不為援，端謂玠前軍已敗，不得不據險以防衝突，乃劾玠違節制。
In the spring of the fourth year the Jurchens attacked Huan and Qing. Duan sent Wu Jie and others to resist at Pengyuan Station while Duan personally encamped at Yilu. Jie first won. Then the Jurchen army rallied. Jie fell back slightly; Duan withdrew to encamp at Jing Prefecture. The Jurchens seized the victory, burned Bin Prefecture, and withdrew. Jie resented that Duan did not aid him. Duan said Jie's vanguard had already been defeated and he had no choice but to hold difficult terrain against a charge, and impeached Jie for violating command.
83
是秋，兀朮窺江、淮，浚議出師以撓其勢。 端曰：「平原廣野，賊便於衝突，而我軍未嘗習水戰。 金人新造之勢，難與爭鋒，宜訓兵秣馬保疆而已，俟十年乃可。」 端既與浚異，浚積前疑，竟以彭原事罷端兵柄，與祠，再責海州團練副使、萬州安置。
That autumn Wuzhu spied on the Jiang and Huai. Jun discussed sending troops to disrupt his momentum. Duan said, 'On open plains and broad fields the bandits are suited to charges, while our army has never practiced river warfare. The Jurchens' newly risen momentum is hard to contend with. We should train troops, feed horses, and guard the borders—that is enough. Wait ten years before we can act.' Since Duan differed from Jun, Jun accumulated earlier suspicions and finally on the Pengyuan affair dismissed Duan from military power, granted him a temple post, and again demoted him to vice regimental commissioner of Haizhou, exiled to Wan Prefecture.
84
是年，浚為富平之役，軍敗，誅趙哲，貶劉錫。 浚欲慰人望，下令以富平之役，涇原軍馬出力最多，既卻退之後，先自聚集，皆緣前帥曲端訓練有方。 敘端左武大夫，興州居住。
That year Jun fought the battle of Fuping and the army was defeated. Zhao Zhe was executed and Liu Xi demoted. Jun wished to appease public expectation and issued an order that in the battle of Fuping the Jingyuan horse and foot had exerted themselves most. After the retreat they were the first to gather—all because former commander Qu Duan had trained them effectively. Duan was restored as Left Martial Grandee and ordered to reside at Xing Prefecture.
85
紹興元年正月，敘正任榮州刺史，提舉江州太平觀，徙閬州。 於是浚自興州移司閬州，欲復用端。 玠與端有憾，言曲端再起，必不利於張公； 王庶又從而間之。 浚入其說，亦畏端難制。 端嘗作詩題柱曰：「不向關中興事業，卻來江上泛漁舟。」 庶告浚，謂其指斥乘輿，於是送端恭州獄。
In the first month of the first year of Shaoxing he was restored to regular appointment as prefect of Rongzhou, promoted to director of the Taiping Abbey at Jiang Prefecture, and transferred to Lang Prefecture. Thereupon Jun moved his headquarters from Xing Prefecture to Lang Prefecture and wished to reuse Duan. Jie had a grievance with Duan and said that if Qu Duan rose again it would surely be unfavorable to Lord Zhang; Wang Shu also sowed discord from beside. Jun accepted their view and also feared Duan would be hard to control. Duan once wrote a poem on a pillar: 'Not building my career in Guanzhong, but coming to the river to float a fishing boat.' Shu reported to Jun that this pointed at the imperial carriage, and Duan was sent to prison at Gong Prefecture.
86
武臣康隨者嘗忤端，鞭其背，隨恨端入骨。 浚以隨提點夔路刑獄，端聞之曰：「吾其死矣！」 呼「天」者數聲； 端有馬名「鐵象」，日馳四百里，至是連呼「鐵象可惜」者又數聲，乃赴逮。 既至，隨令獄吏縶維之，糊其口，熁之以火。 端乾渴求飲，予之酒，九竅流血而死，年四十一。 陝西士大夫莫不惜之，軍民亦皆悵悵，有叛去者。 浚尋得罪，追復端宣州觀察使，諡壯湣。
The martial officer Kang Sui had once offended Duan and was flogged on the back. Sui hated Duan to the bone. Jun made Sui intendant of penal affairs on the Kuizhou route. When Duan heard he said, 'I am about to die!' He cried 'Heaven' several times; Duan had a horse named Iron Elephant that could gallop four hundred li a day. Now he again cried 'What a pity for Iron Elephant' several times, then went to be arrested. Once he arrived, Sui ordered the prison clerks to bind and restrain him, paste his mouth shut, and burn him with fire. Duan was parched with thirst and begged to drink. They gave him wine and he died with blood flowing from the nine orifices at forty-one. The scholar-officials of Shaanxi all lamented him. Soldiers and civilians were also despondent, and some rebelled and left. Soon Jun himself met with guilt. Duan was posthumously restored as observation commissioner of Xuan Prefecture with the posthumous title Zhuangmin.
87
端有將略，使展盡其才，要未可量。 然剛愎，恃才淩物，此其所以取禍雲。
Duan had generalship. Had his talent been fully deployed, his measure could not have been known. Yet he was obstinate and willful, relied on talent and looked down on others—this is why he met with disaster.
88
論曰：南渡諸將以張、韓、劉、岳並稱，而俊為之冠。 然夷考其行事，則有不然者。 俊受心膂爪牙之寄，其平苗、劉，雖有勤王之績，然既不能守越，又棄四明，負亦不少。 矧其附檜主和，謀殺岳飛，保全富貴，取媚人主，其負戾又如何哉？ 光世自恃宿將，選沮卻畏，不用上命，師律不嚴，卒致酈瓊之叛。 迎合檜意，首納軍權，雖得善終牖下，君子不貴也。 二人方之韓、岳益遠矣。 然子蓋、宗顏號俊子弟，著海之功，泗上之捷，亦足稱焉。 王淵以總率扈從有勞，遂至驕盈，失將士心，自取覆敗。 況結托康履與光世一轍，烏足道哉。 解元始由韓世忠進，其攻城野戰，未嘗敗衄，有可稱者，不幸早世，惜哉！ 曲端剛愎自用，輕視其上，勞效未著，動違節制，張浚殺之雖冤，蓋亦自取焉爾。
The commentary says: Among the generals after the southward crossing, Zhang, Han, Liu, and Yue were spoken of together, with Jun as their head. Yet examining their conduct, there are things that do not match. Jun received the trust of a close confidant and claw. In pacifying Miao and Liu he had merit in rushing to the emperor's aid, yet he could neither hold Yue nor abandoned Siming—his faults were also many. Moreover he attached himself to Hui to support peace, plotted to kill Yue Fei, preserved wealth and rank, and flattered the sovereign—how great his perversity! Guangshi relied on himself as an old general, chose delay and shrank back in fear, did not obey the sovereign's orders, and had no strict military discipline, finally bringing about Li Qiong's rebellion. He catered to Hui's intent and was first to surrender military power. Though he ended well at home, the noble-minded do not esteem this. The two men were farther still from Han and Yue. Yet Zigai and Zongyan were called Jun's clansmen. The achievement at Haizhou and the victory on the Si are also worth praise. Wang Yuan had merit in overall command and escort, then grew arrogant and lost the generals' hearts, bringing ruin on himself. Moreover bonding with Kang Lü followed the same track as Guangshi—how is he worth speaking of? Jie Yuan first advanced through Han Shizhong. In storming cities and field battles he never met defeat and has merit worth praise—unlucky to die young; what a pity! Qu Duan was obstinate and willful, looked down on his superiors, his achievements were not yet manifest, and he repeatedly violated command. Though Zhang Jun's killing of him was unjust, he largely brought it on himself.