1
宦者一
Eunuchs, Part One
2
○竇神寶王仁睿王繼恩李神福 〈（弟神祐）〉 劉承規閻承翰秦翰周懷政張崇貴張繼能衛紹欽石知顒 〈（孫全彬）〉 鄧守恩
Dou Shenbao, Wang Renrui, Wang Jien, and Li Shenfu his younger brother Shen You) Liu Chenggui, Yan Chenghan, Qin Han, Zhou Huaizheng, Zhang Chonggui, Zhang Jineng, Wei Shaoqin, and Shi Zhiyong his grandson Quan Bin) Deng Shouen
3
宋世待宦者甚嚴。 太祖初定天下，掖庭給事不過五十人，宦寺中年方許養子為後。 又詔臣僚家毋私蓄閹人，民間有閹童孺為貨鬻者論死。 去唐未遠，有所懲也。
Throughout the Song, eunuchs were kept under strict control. When the founding emperor Taizu first consolidated the realm, the inner palace was limited to no more than fifty attendants, and eunuchs were allowed to adopt heirs only after reaching middle age. He further decreed that no official household might privately keep castrated servants, and that anyone who traded in castrated boys would be put to death. The Tang lay not far behind them, and there were hard lessons to heed.
4
厥後，太宗卻宰相之請，不授王繼恩宣徽； 真宗欲以劉承規為節度使，宰相持不可而止。 中更主幼母後聽政者凡三朝，在於前代，豈非宦者用事之秋乎！ 祖宗之法嚴，宰相之權重，貂璫有懷奸慝，旋踵屏除，君臣相與防微杜漸之慮深矣。
Later, Emperor Taizong turned aside the chancellors' plea and refused to appoint Wang Jien Xuanhui Commissioner; Emperor Zhenzong wished to appoint Liu Chenggui military commissioner, but the chancellors objected that this could not be allowed, and the plan was dropped. Between them came three reigns in which child emperors and empress dowagers ruled from behind the screen—by the measure of earlier dynasties, was this not precisely the moment when eunuchs seize power?! The ancestral code was strict and the chancellors' authority heavy; any eunuch who harbored treacherous designs was swiftly removed. Ruler and ministers alike were deeply alert to stop trouble before it could grow.
5
然而宣政間童貫、梁師成之禍，亦豈細哉！ 南渡苗、劉之逆，亦宦者所激也。 《坊記》曰：「君子之道，辟則坊與！ 大為之坊，民猶逾之。」 可不戒哉！ 作《宦者傳》。
Yet the disasters wrought by Tong Guan and Liang Shicheng in the Xuanhe reign—were those trifling affairs?! The Miao and Liu mutiny after the court fled south was likewise provoked by eunuchs. The "Record of the Dyke" says: "The way of the gentleman—is it not hedged about with dykes?! Even when great dykes are raised, the people still climb over them." Should this not give us pause! Hence this "Biographies of Eunuchs."
6
竇神寶，父思儼，五代時為內侍，宋初皇城使。 兄神興，左領軍衛大將軍致仕。 神寶初為黃門，太平興國中，從征太原，擐甲登城，中流矢，稍遷入內高品，監并州戍兵。 屢出襲賊，前後破砦三十六，斬千餘級，大獲鎧甲、牛馬、橐駝，因築三砦。 詔褒之。 九年，命與尹憲屯夏州，時岌伽羅膩等十四族久叛，神寶率兵大破之，焚其廬帳，斬千餘級，虜獲甚眾。
Dou Shenbao was the son of Siyan, who had served as an inner attendant under the Five Dynasties and became Director of the Imperial City in the early Song. His elder brother Shenxing had retired as Grand General of the Left Army Guard. Shenbao began as a Yellow Gate attendant. During the Taiping Xingguo reign he joined the campaign against Taiyuan, put on armor and scaled the walls, took an arrow wound, and was gradually promoted within the palace ranks to oversee the Bingzhou frontier garrison. He led repeated raids against the enemy, destroying thirty-six stockades in all, killing more than a thousand men, and capturing vast stores of armor, cattle, horses, and camels; he then built three new stockades. The court issued an edict commending him. In the ninth year he was ordered to garrison Xiazhou with Yin Xian. The fourteen tribes including Jialuoni had long been in revolt; Shenbao led his troops to a great victory, burned their camps, killed more than a thousand men, and took captives and booty in vast numbers.
7
雍熙中，朝廷遣使綏、宥、麟、府州，募邊部願攻契丹者，賜以金帛。 神寶上言：「狼子野心，由此或生邊隙。」 乃止。 俄轉殿頭高品。 淳化中，使河東，閱視堡柵兵騎。 慕容德豐自邢台徙延州，未至郡，詔神寶乘傳權州事。 環州近邊內擾，與陳德玄討之，破牛家族二十八部，且規度通遠入靈武路，就命環慶同駐泊。 牛家族復結眾叛，又破之，殲餘黨於極泉鎮，獲其渠帥九人。 西戎寇鄜，以援之之勞，遷供奉官，與田紹斌部送靈州芻糧，即命駐泊。
During the Yongxi reign the court sent envoys to Sui, You, Lin, and Fu prefectures to recruit border tribes willing to attack the Khitan, promising rewards of gold and silk. Shenbao memorialized: "These are wolfish hearts with savage ambitions; this may yet stir up trouble on the frontier." The plan was then halted. Soon afterward he was promoted to senior rank in the Hall Directorate. During the Chunhua reign he was dispatched to Hedong to inspect the troops and cavalry stationed at the border forts. Murong Defeng was transferred from Xingtai to Yanzhou, but before he could reach his post Shenbao was ordered to ride post-haste and administer the prefecture in his stead. Trouble broke out along the Huanzhou frontier; with Chen Dexuan he suppressed it, defeating twenty-eight divisions of the Niu clan, and surveyed the road from Tongyuan into Lingwu. He was then ordered to establish a joint garrison at Huan and Qing. The Niu clan rallied and rebelled again; he defeated them once more, wiping out the remnant force at Jiquan town and capturing nine of their chieftains. When the western tribes raided Fu, he was promoted to Palace Attendant for his service in the relief effort. With Tian Shaobin he escorted fodder to Lingzhou and was ordered to remain on garrison duty there.
8
李繼遷入寇，與慕容德豐襲破其堡砦，焚帳幕，獲人畜數萬計。 連詔嘉獎，遷內殿崇班。 至道初，繼遷再寇靈武，神寶遣人間道告急闕下。 賊圍之歲餘，地震二百餘日，城中糧糗皆竭，潛遣人市糴河外，宵運以入。 間出兵擊賊，賊引去，以功拜西京作坊副使。 又命於浦洛河、清遠軍援芻糧，與楊允恭議造小車三千，運糧至環州。 三年，遷西京左藏庫副使。 出使靈武，還，奏對稱旨，面授供備庫使。
When Li Jiqian invaded, he joined Murong Defeng in a raid that smashed the rebel stockades, burned their camps, and captured people and livestock by the tens of thousands. Repeated edicts praised his service, and he was promoted to Honored Rank of the Inner Hall. Early in the Zhidao reign Li Jiqian raided Lingwu again; Shenbao sent messengers by hidden routes to report the emergency to court. The rebels besieged the city for more than a year. Earthquakes shook the region for over two hundred days, and the city's grain was exhausted. He secretly sent men to buy grain beyond the river and had it carried in by night. He sent troops out from time to time to strike the enemy, who eventually withdrew. For this service he was appointed Deputy Commissioner of the Western Capital Workshops. He was again ordered to transport fodder to the Puluo River and Qingyuan Army garrisons. With Yang Yonggong he designed three thousand small carts to haul grain as far as Huanzhou. In the third year he was promoted to Deputy Commissioner of the Western Capital Left Treasury. On a mission to Lingwu he returned to court and answered so well in audience that the emperor personally appointed him Commissioner of the Supply Treasury.
9
咸平中出為高陽關鈐轄，徙貝、冀巡檢。 會原州野狸族三千餘眾徙帳於順成穀，大蟲堪與熟魏族接戰，詔神寶和洽之，至則定其經界，遣悉還舊地。 入為內侍右班副都知。 真宗朝陵，留與劉承珪同掌大內事。 大中祥符初，勾當三班院，又掌諸王宮事。 遷西京左藏庫使、領密州刺史兼掌往來國信。
During the Xianping reign he was posted as Controller at Gaoyang Pass, then transferred to frontier inspector of Bei and Ji. More than three thousand members of the Yeli tribe of Yuanzhou moved their camps into Shuncheng Valley, where Dachongkan clashed with the Shuwei tribe. Shenbao was ordered to mediate; on arrival he fixed their boundaries and sent all parties back to their former lands. He was recalled to serve as Deputy Director of the Right Division of Inner Attendants. When Emperor Zhenzong visited the imperial tombs, Shenbao was left behind with Liu Chenggui to manage affairs within the palace. Early in the Dazhong Xiangfu era he managed the Three-Rank Bureau and also oversaw affairs in the princes' palaces. He was promoted to Commissioner of the Western Capital Left Treasury, made concurrent prefect of Mizhou, and placed in charge of diplomatic correspondence.
10
神寶蒞職精恪，性吝嗇，畜貨巨萬。 天禧初，以皇城使罷內職。 三年，卒，年七十一。 錄其子守志為入內供奉官。
Shenbao was meticulous and conscientious in office, but by nature miserly, and he amassed wealth in the tens of thousands. Early in the Tianxi reign he was made Director of the Imperial City and relieved of his inner-palace duties. In the third year he died at the age of seventy-one. His son Shouzhi was enrolled as an Inner Palace Attendant.
11
國朝以來，內侍都知、押班不領他職。 淳化、至道後，皆內殿崇班以上兼充，多至諸司使，有領觀察使者，沒皆有贈官，官給葬事。
Since the founding of the dynasty, the Directors and Deputy Directors of Inner Attendants had not held other offices. After the Chunhua and Zhidao reigns these posts were filled concurrently from Honored Rank of the Inner Hall upward; many rose to head various bureaus, and some even held observation commissioner appointments. On death they all received posthumous offices and state-funded funerals.
12
舊制，內侍人許養一子，以充繼嗣。 開寶四年，以其爭財起訟，詔自今滿三十無養父者，始聽養子，仍以其名上宣徽院，違者準前詔抵死。 咸平中，徐誌通為溫、台等州巡檢，坐取李歡男四人為假子，又縱卒略民家小兒，致其母抱兒投海死，決杖配掃灑班，復申前詔以戒厲之。
Under the old regulations, inner attendants were permitted to adopt one son as heir. In the fourth year of Kaibao, lawsuits over disputed inheritances led to a new edict: only men thirty or older who had no adoptive father might now adopt a son, and the adoption still had to be reported to the Xuanhui Bureau. Violators were still subject to death under the earlier decree. During the Xianping reign Xu Zhitong served as inspector of Wen, Tai, and other prefectures. He was convicted of taking four of Li Huan's sons as nominal heirs and of letting his soldiers seize children from common households, driving one mother to drown herself with her child. He was beaten with the rod and assigned to the Sweeper Corps, and the earlier edict was proclaimed again as a warning.
13
王繼恩，陝州陝人。 周顯德中為內班高品。 初養於張氏，名德鈞。 開寶中求復本宗，太祖召見，許之，因賜名焉。 累為內侍行首。
Wang Jien was a native of Shan district in Shanzhou. During the Later Zhou Xiande reign he served as a senior attendant of the Inner Corps. He had first been raised by the Zhang family and was known as Dejun. In the Kaibao era he petitioned to restore his original surname. Taizu received him in audience, granted the request, and bestowed his present name. He rose repeatedly to become chief of the inner attendants.
14
會討江南，與竇神興等部禁兵及戰船抵采石。 九年春，改裏面內班小底都知，賜金紫。 十月，加武德使。 太祖崩，副杜彥圭案行陵地，尋充永昌陵使。 太平興國三年，遷宮苑使。 久之，領河州刺史，掌軍器弓槍庫。
When the campaign against Jiangnan was launched, he joined Dou Shenxing and others in leading the palace troops and war vessels to Caishi. In the spring of the ninth year he was made Director of the Junior Inner Corps and granted the gold-and-purple insignia. In the tenth month he was made Wude Commissioner. When Taizu died, he assisted Du Yankui in surveying the tomb site and soon became Commissioner of the Yongchang Mausoleum. In the third year of Taiping Xingguo he was promoted to Palace Parks Commissioner. After a long interval he was made prefect of Hezhou and placed in charge of the Arsenal of Bows and Spears.
15
雍熙中，王師克雲、朔，命繼恩率師屯易州，又為天雄軍駐泊都監。 自岐溝關、君子館敗績之後，河朔諸路為契丹所擾，城壘多圮。 四年，詔繼恩與翟守素、田仁朗、郭延濬分路按行增築之。 及遣將北伐，又為排陣都監，屯中山，改皇城使。 端拱初，領本州團練使，又為鎮、定、高陽關三路排陣鈐轄。 淳化初，賜甲第一區。 五年，加昭宣使，勾當皇城司。 李順亂成都，命為劍南兩川招安使，率兵討之。 軍事委其制置，不從中覆。 管內諸州係囚，非十惡正贓，悉得以便宜決遣。 二月，命馬步軍都軍頭王杲趣劍門、崇儀使尹元由峽路分遣討賊，並受繼恩節度。 詔前軍所至，其賊黨敢抗王師者，即須殺戮； 如本非同惡，受制凶徒，先被脅從今能歸順者，悉釋其罪。 四月，繼恩由小劍門路入研石砦破賊，斬首五百級，逐北過青強嶺，平劍州，進破賊五千於柳池驛，斬千六百級，賊眾望風奔走，殺戮溺死者不可勝計。 又克閬、綿二州。 五月，至成都，破賊十萬餘，斬首三萬級，獲順及鎧甲、僭偽服用甚眾。
During the Yongxi reign the imperial army captured Yun and Shuo. Jien was ordered to lead troops garrisoned at Yizhou and was also made Chief Controller of the Tianxiong Army garrison. After the defeats at Qigou Pass and Junzi Lodge, the Khitan harassed the circuits of Heshuo and many walls and forts lay in ruins. In the fourth year Jien was ordered, together with Zhai Shousu, Tian Renlang, and Guo Yanjun, to tour the region by separate routes and rebuild and extend the fortifications. When generals were dispatched on the northern expedition, he was again made Chief Controller of Battle Arrays, garrisoned at Zhongshan, and promoted to Director of the Imperial City. Early in the Duangong reign he held the regimental commissioner post of his native prefecture and was also made Controller of Battle Arrays for the Zhen, Ding, and Gaoyang Pass routes. Early in the Chunhua reign he was granted a first-rank residence. In the fifth year he was made Zhaoxuan Commissioner and placed in charge of the Imperial City Bureau. When Li Shun rebelled at Chengdu, Jien was appointed Pacification Commissioner of the Two Shu of Jiannan and led troops to suppress the rebellion. Full military authority was entrusted to his discretion, without requiring approval from the capital. Prisoners held in the prefectures under his jurisdiction, unless guilty of one of the ten abominations or major theft, might all be disposed of at his discretion. In the second month the Commander of the Cavalry and Infantry Wang Gao was ordered to advance on Jianmen, while the Honored Ritual Envoy Yin Yuan was sent by the Gorges route; both operated under Jien's command. An edict declared that wherever the vanguard reached, any rebel who dared resist the imperial army was to be killed on the spot; but those who had not originally shared in the crime, who had been forced by the ringleaders, and who now submitted were to be pardoned entirely. In the fourth month Jien entered by the Lesser Jianmen route, stormed Yanshi stockade, and defeated the rebels, taking five hundred heads. Pursuing north past Qingqiang Ridge he pacified Jianzhou, then routed five thousand rebels at Liuchi Post, taking sixteen hundred heads. The rebel masses fled at the sight of his banners, and the dead—killed or drowned—were beyond counting. He also captured the prefectures of Lang and Mian. In the fifth month he reached Chengdu, defeated more than a hundred thousand rebels, took thirty thousand heads, and captured Li Shun along with vast stores of armor and usurped regalia.
16
朝議賞功，中書欲除宣徽使。 太宗曰：「朕讀前代史書，不欲令宦官預政事。 宣徽使，執政之漸也，止可授以他官。」 宰相力言繼恩有大功，非此任無足以為賞典。 上怒，深責相臣，命學士張洎、錢若水議別立宣政使，序位昭宣使上以授之。 進領順州防禦使。
The court debated how to reward him; the Secretariat proposed appointing him Xuanhui Commissioner. Taizong said: "I have read the histories of former ages and do not wish eunuchs to take part in government. The Xuanhui Commissioner is a step toward wielding power; grant him some other office instead." The chancellors insisted that Jien's merit was so great that no lesser appointment would suffice as reward. The emperor grew angry and sharply rebuked his ministers. He ordered Academicians Zhang Ji and Qian Ruoshui to devise a new office of Xuanzheng Commissioner, ranked above the Zhaoxuan Commissioner, and granted that title to Jien instead. He was further made Defense Commissioner of Shunzhou.
17
繼恩握重兵，久留成都，轉餉不給，專以宴飲為務。 每出入，前後奏音樂。 又令騎兵執博局棋枰自隨，威振郡縣。 仆使輩用事恣橫，縱所部剽掠子女金帛，軍士亦無鬥志。 餘賊迸伏山谷間，州縣有復陷者。 太宗知之，乃命入內押班衛紹欽同領其事。 又遣樞密直學士張鑒、西京作坊副使馮守規乘傳督其捕賊。 議分減師徒出蜀境，以便糧運。
Jien held a large army and lingered long at Chengdu. Supplies could not keep up, and he devoted himself chiefly to feasting and drinking. Whenever he went abroad, musicians played before and behind him. He even had his cavalry carry gambling boards and chess sets wherever they went, and his authority awed every prefecture and district. His servants and attendants wielded power wantonly, letting their men plunder women, children, gold, and silk, and the soldiers lost all fighting spirit. Remnant rebels scattered into the mountain valleys, and some prefectures and districts fell again. When Taizong learned of this, he ordered the Inner Deputy Director Wei Shaoqin to share command of the campaign. He also dispatched Academician of the Bureau of Military Affairs Zhang Jian and Deputy Commissioner of the Western Capital Workshops Feng Shougui post-haste to supervise the hunt for the remaining rebels. The court debated reducing the army in stages and withdrawing from Shu territory to ease the transport of provisions.
18
高品王文壽者，隸繼恩麾下，繼恩遣領虎翼卒二千，分遂州路追討。 文壽禦下嚴急，士卒皆怨。 一夕臥帳中，指揮使張嶙遣卒排闥入，斬文壽首以出。 會夜昏黑，嶙猶疑其非，然炬照之，曰：「是也。」 時嘉州賊帥張餘有眾萬餘，嶙即以所部與之合，賊勢甚盛。 初奏至，太宗欲盡誅軍人妻子，近臣或請勿殺，悉索營中書，遣帥招撫，諭以釋罪，親屬皆全，必自引來歸，因可破賊。 上然之，令巡檢程道符諭旨。 亡卒斬嶙，函首送繼恩，皆自拔來歸。 因使為鄉導擊賊，悉平之。
A senior attendant named Wang Wenshou served under Jien, who sent him with two thousand Tiger-Wing troops to pursue the rebels along the Suizhou route. Wenshou ruled his men with harsh severity, and the soldiers resented him bitterly. One night as he lay in his tent, Commander Zhang Lin sent soldiers to burst in, beheaded Wenshou, and carried out his head. The night was dark, and Lin still doubted the head was genuine; he lit a torch to look and said, "It is he." At that time the rebel chief Zhang Yu of Jiazhou commanded more than ten thousand men. Lin joined his troops with the rebels, and their strength grew formidable. When the first report reached court, Taizong wished to execute all the soldiers' wives and children. Some close ministers urged mercy: gather the writings left in the camps, send commanders to offer pacification, and announce a pardon so that families would be spared and the men would return of their own accord—thus breaking the rebels. The emperor approved and ordered Inspector Cheng Daofu to proclaim the edict. The fugitive soldiers killed Lin, sent his head in a box to Jien, and all came forward to surrender. They were then employed as local guides to hunt down the rebels, and all were pacified.
19
至道二年春，布衣韓拱辰詣闕上言：「繼恩有平賊大功，當秉機務，今止得防禦使，賞甚薄，無以慰中外之望。」 上大怒，以拱辰惑眾，杖脊黥面配崖州。 俄召繼恩。 太宗崩，命與李神福按行山陵，加領桂州觀察使。
In the spring of the second year of Zhidao, a commoner named Han Gongchen came to court and memorialized: "Jien earned great merit in pacifying the rebels and ought to hold state affairs; yet he receives only a defense commissioner post—a reward too thin to satisfy the hopes of court and realm." The emperor was furious. He deemed Gongchen a demagogue, had his back beaten and his face tattooed, and exiled him to Yazhou. Shortly afterward Jien was summoned to court. When Taizong died, he was ordered with Li Shenfu to survey the mausoleum site and was additionally made Observation Commissioner of Guizhou.
20
繼恩初事太祖，特承恩顧。 及崩夕，太宗在南府，繼恩中夜馳詣府邸，請太宗入，太宗忠之，自是寵遇莫比。 喜結黨邀名譽，乘間或敢言薦外朝臣，由是士大夫之輕薄好進者從之交往，每以多寶院僧舍為期。 有潘閬者能詩詠，賣藥京師，繼恩薦之，召見，賜進士第。 尋察其狂妄，追還詔書。
Jien had first served Taizu and enjoyed his special favor. On the night Taizu died, Taizong was at the Southern Residence. Jien rode post-haste in the dead of night to the residence and urged Taizong to enter. Taizong never forgot this loyalty, and from then on no one matched his favor. He delighted in forming factions to win reputation and sometimes dared recommend outer-court officials when chance offered. Frivolous, ambitious literati flocked to him, often meeting at the Duobao Cloister. There was a Pan Lang skilled in poetry who sold medicine in the capital. Jien recommended him; he was summoned to court and granted the jinshi degree. Soon his arrogance was discovered and the imperial edict was recalled.
21
及真宗初，繼恩益豪橫，頗欺罔，漏泄機事，與參知政事李昌齡緘題往來，多請托，至有連宮禁者。 素與胡旦善，時將加恩，密諉其為褒辭。 又士人詩頌盈門。 上惡其朋結，黜為右監門衛將軍、均州安置，籍沒貲產，多得蜀土僭擬之物。 昌齡責忠武軍節度行軍司馬，旦削籍，長流尋州。 詔中外臣僚曾與繼恩交識及通書尺者，一切不問。
Early in Zhenzong's reign Jien grew still more overbearing, deceived frequently, and leaked state secrets. He exchanged sealed letters with Vice Grand Councilor Li Changling, making many requests, some even touching the inner palace. He had long been friendly with Hu Dan. When honors were about to be granted, he secretly asked him to compose laudatory words. Literati's poems of praise filled his gate. The emperor detested his faction-making, demoted him to General of the Right Gate Guard, and exiled him to Junzhou. His property was confiscated, and much of it consisted of usurped regalia from Shu. Changling was demoted to campaigning marshal of the Zhongwu Army; Dan was struck from the rolls and exiled far to Xunzhou. An edict declared that all officials who had known Jien or exchanged letters with him would not be questioned.
22
咸平二年，卒於貶所，遣使將其家屬還京師，假官舍處之。 四年，聽歸葬。 大中祥符三年，特詔追復官爵，以白金千兩賜其家。 子懷珪，轉入內高班。
In the second year of Xianping he died in exile. Envoys were sent to bring his family back to the capital and lodge them in a government residence. In the fourth year he was permitted burial in his home district. In the third year of Dazhong Xiangfu a special edict restored his offices and titles, and a thousand taels of white silver were granted to his family. His son Huaigui was transferred into the senior inner corps.
23
真宗即位，遷皇城使、內侍省入內內侍都知，領恩州團練使、勾當永熙陵行宮事。 時模寫太宗聖容，以神福立侍。 未幾，求罷都知，加昭宣使、勾當皇城司，賜第宮城側，遣修內工為葺之。 咸平二年秋，閱兵東郊，以神福為大內都部署。 是冬，幸大名，與王繼英並為行宮使。 四年，勾當三班，部修含光殿，賜賚甚優。 景德初，兼領親王諸宮使。 三年，改宣政使。 從謁諸陵，復為行宮使。 進幸西京，賜酺，命神福主其事。
When Zhenzong acceded, Shenfu was made Director of the Imperial City and Director of Inner Attendants of the Inner Service, concurrently Regimental Commissioner of Enzhou and manager of the Yongxi Mausoleum traveling palace. At that time a portrait of Taizong's sacred likeness was being painted, with Shenfu standing in attendance. Before long he asked to be relieved of the directorship, was made Zhaoxuan Commissioner and placed in charge of the Imperial City Bureau, and was granted a residence beside the palace, which palace artisans were sent to repair. In the autumn of the second year of Xianping, when troops were reviewed at the Eastern Suburb, Shenfu was made Chief Deployer of the Great Inner Palace. That winter, when the emperor visited Daming, he and Wang Jiying were both made traveling palace commissioners. In the fourth year he managed the Three-Rank Bureau and supervised repair of the Hanguang Hall; the gifts granted him were very generous. Early in the Jingde reign he also held the post of commissioner of the princes' palaces. In the third year he was made Xuanzheng Commissioner. Accompanying visits to the imperial tombs, he again served as traveling palace commissioner. When the emperor advanced to the Western Capital and granted a public feast, Shenfu was ordered to preside over it.
24
大中祥符初，天書降夕，神福與劉承珪、鄧永遷、李神祐、石知顒、張景宗、藍繼宗同直禁中，賜以器幣、緡錢。 京師酺會，又令神福與白文肇、閻承翰同典之。 是歲封泰山，與曹利用同經度行宮道路。 及車駕進發，又為行宮使。 禮畢，授宣慶使，領昭州防禦使，整肅禁衛。 先是，諸司使止於宣政，故特置使額以寵之。 三年，卒，年六十四。 贈潤州觀察使。
Early in the Dazhong Xiangfu reign, on the night the Heavenly Writ descended, Shenfu kept watch in the forbidden precinct with Liu Chenggui, Deng Yongqian, Li Shenyou, Shi Zhiyong, Zhang Jingzong, and Lan Jizong, and they were granted vessels, silks, and cash. For the capital feast he was again ordered, together with Bai Wenzhao and Yan Chenghan, to direct the ceremonies. That year, for the Fengshan rites at Mount Tai, he and Cao Liyong planned the traveling palace routes together. When the imperial procession set out, he again served as traveling palace commissioner. When the rites were completed he was made Xuanqing Commissioner, concurrently Defense Commissioner of Shaozhou, and charged with putting the palace guard in order. Previously bureau commissioners had ranked no higher than Xuanzheng Commissioner; a separate title was therefore created specially to honor him. In the third year he died at the age of sixty-four. He was posthumously made Observation Commissioner of Runzhou.
25
神福性恭願和易，每為衛紹欽所詬罵，皆引避不校。 在禁闥五十年，稱為長者。 然久掌三班，無規制，遠近失敘，有請托者不能拒之，人譏其所守。 子懷斌、懷贇。 弟神祐。
Shenfu was by nature respectful, compliant, and easygoing. Whenever Wei Shaoqin reviled him he would withdraw and not contend. He spent fifty years within the forbidden gates and was known as an elder. Yet having long managed the Three-Rank Bureau, he kept no proper regulations; appointments lost their proper order; when petitioners came he could not refuse them, and people mocked his integrity. His sons were Huaibin and Huaiyun. His younger brother was Shenyou.
26
神祐，初以父任授殿頭高品。 太祖將納孝章皇后，命神祐奉聘禮於華州。 乾德五年，征太原，負禦寶從行。 開寶二年，又從征太原，時有詔緣邊和市軍儲，車駕在潞州聞之，且慮擾民，令神祐馳驛止之。 時詔下已五日，神祐一夕而及晉陽。 一日，甲士既陣，賊潛縱火焚梯衝，亟命神祐部衛兵為援，斬賊甚眾，餘悉潰去。 王師伐廣州，隨軍賞給。 劉鋹平，先部帑藏之物赴京師。 及土寇周瓊等叛，又副尹崇珂討平之。 六年，隨曹彬南征。 克關城，擒偽將朱令贇，命神祐馳入獻捷書，賜錦袍、金帶。
Shenyou first received senior rank in the Hall Directorate through his father's position. When Taizu was to take Empress Xiaozhang as consort, Shenyou was ordered to present the betrothal gifts at Huazhou. In the fifth year of Qiande, on the campaign against Taiyuan, he bore the imperial seals and accompanied the expedition. In the second year of Kaibao he again joined the campaign against Taiyuan. An edict had ordered border markets to supply military stores; the emperor at Luzhou heard of it and, fearing harm to the people, ordered Shenyou to ride post-haste and halt the order. The edict had been issued five days earlier; Shenyou reached Jinyang in a single night. One day, after the armored troops had formed ranks, the enemy secretly set fire to the scaling ladders and rams. Shenyou was urgently ordered to lead palace guards as reinforcements; he killed many of the enemy and the rest fled. When the imperial army attacked Guangzhou, he accompanied it to distribute rewards. When Liu Chang was pacified, he was first to escort the treasury goods to the capital. When the local bandits Zhou Qiong and others rebelled, he again assisted Yin Chongke in suppressing them. In the sixth year he followed Cao Bin on the southern expedition. When Guan city was taken and the rebel general Zhu Lingyun captured, Shenyou was ordered to ride in with the victory report and was granted a brocade robe and gold belt.
27
真宗嗣位，轉內園使、邠州都監。 車駕北巡，改天雄軍都監、子城內巡檢。 時北兵充斥，道途阻塞，命神祐單騎諭密旨於諸將。 敵騎數百忽至，神祐乃周麾而呼，若召伏兵，敵懼而逃，遂達其命。 俄充邢州排陣都監，勾當西八作司。 景德初，上幸澶州，領隨駕壕砦。
When Zhenzong succeeded, he was transferred to Inner Gardens Commissioner and Chief Controller of Binzhou. When the emperor toured the north, he was made Chief Controller of the Tianxiong Army and inner inspector of the inner city. Northern troops filled the region and the roads were blocked. Shenyou was ordered to ride alone and convey secret orders to the generals. Several hundred enemy horsemen suddenly appeared. Shenyou wheeled his banner and shouted as if summoning hidden troops; the enemy fled in fear, and he delivered his orders. Shortly afterward he served as Chief Controller of Battle Arrays at Xingzhou and managed the Western Eight Workshops. Early in the Jingde reign, when the emperor visited Chanzhou, he led the entrenchments accompanying the imperial progress.
28
三年，遷入內都知。 從東封還，遷南作坊使。 時內侍將遷秩，有扈從升山、不升山或不預從祀者，令神祐第其勤狀，上親閱而敘遷之。 有範守遜、皇甫文、史崇貴、張延訓等，皆嘗有譴累而互陳勞效，且言神祐等品第非當，泣訴於上，止而復來者數四。 守遜等先改內常侍，上怒，悉停其官。 神祐洎石知顒、副都知張景宗、藍繼宗並坐削職。 尋掌禦廚七年，卒，年六十六。 大中祥符六年，錄其孫永和為三班奉職。 神祐性謹願，曉音律，頗好篇詠。
In the third year he was promoted to Inner Director. Returning from the eastern Fengshan rites, he was made Commissioner of the Southern Workshops. At that time inner attendants were to be promoted in rank. Shenyou was ordered to rank them according to merit—distinguishing those who had ascended the mountain in attendance from those who had not—and the emperor personally reviewed the list and ordered their promotions. Fan Shouxun, Huangfu Wen, Shi Chonggui, Zhang Yanxun, and others had all once been punished. They cited one another's labors and protested that Shenyou's rankings were improper, weeping and appealing to the emperor again and again. Shouxun and the others had first been made Inner Regular Attendants; the emperor was angry and halted all their appointments. Shenyou, together with Shi Zhiyong, Deputy Director Zhang Jingzong, and Lan Jizong, were all demoted. Soon afterward he managed the Imperial Kitchen for seven years, then died at the age of sixty-six. In the sixth year of Dazhong Xiangfu his grandson Yonghe was enrolled as a Three-Rank Attendant. Shenyou was by nature cautious and compliant, understood music, and was fond of composing verse.
29
子懷岊，太宗時嘗請為道士，後復內侍。 多屯邊郡，常持大鐵鞭以鬥賊，屢中流矢，至供奉官。 懷儼為內殿崇班。
His son Huaijie, in Taizong's time, once asked to become a Daoist priest, then later returned to inner service. He was often garrisoned in border prefectures, regularly wielded a great iron whip against bandits, took arrow wounds repeatedly, and rose to Palace Attendant. Huaiyan held Honored Rank of the Inner Hall.
30
真宗立，瑩為宣徽使，以承規領勝州刺史、簽書宣徽院公事。 尋讓宣徽之務，加莊宅使。 咸平三年，遷北作坊使。 時邊境未寧，議修天雄軍城壘，命承規乘傳經畫，又命提舉內東、崇政殿等諸門，遷宮苑使。 上詢承規西事，請益環州木波鎮戍兵，以為諸路之援，從之。 俄兼勾當群牧司。
When Zhenzong acceded, Ying was Xuanhui Commissioner; Chenggui was made prefect of Shengzhou and charged with signing Xuanhui Bureau business. Shortly afterward he yielded the Xuanhui duties and was made Estates Commissioner. In the third year of Xianping he was transferred to Commissioner of the Northern Workshops. The frontier was not yet settled. When repair of the Tianxiong Army walls and forts was debated, Chenggui was ordered to travel post-haste to plan the work. He was also ordered to supervise the Inner East Gate, Chongzheng Hall, and other gates, and was transferred to Palace Parks Commissioner. The emperor questioned Chenggui about western affairs. He requested increased garrison troops at Mubo town in Huanzhou as support for the various routes, and the request was approved. Shortly afterward he also managed the Herds Directorate.
31
景德二年，與李允則使河間，按視嘗經戰陣等處將卒之勞。 是歲，置官提舉京師諸司庫務，以承規領之。 所創局署，多所規制。 改皇城使。 與林特、李溥議更茶法。 四年，三司上言新課增羨，承規以勞加領昭州團練使。
In the second year of Jingde he was sent to Hejian with Li Yunze to inspect the merits of officers and soldiers who had fought in battle. That year an office was created to supervise the capital's bureau storehouses, with Chenggui at its head. The agencies he created introduced many new regulations. He was made Director of the Imperial City. With Lin Te and Li Pu he discussed reform of the tea law. In the fourth year the Three Departments reported that the new levy had increased revenue; for his service Chenggui was additionally made Regimental Commissioner of Shaozhou.
32
大中祥符初，議封泰山，以掌發運使遷昭宣使、長州防禦使。 會修玉清昭應宮，以承規為副使。 祀汾陰，復命督運。 議者以自京至河中，由陸則山險，具舟則湍悍，承規決議水運，凡百供應，悉安流而達。 自朝陵、東封及是皆留掌大內。 禮成，當進秩，表求休致，手詔敦勉，仍作七言詩賜之。 拜宣政使、應州觀察使。
Early in the Dazhong Xiangfu reign, when Fengshan at Mount Tai was debated, he was promoted from Commissioner of Transport to Zhaoxuan Commissioner and Defense Commissioner of Changzhou. When the Yuqing Zhaoying Palace was being built, Chenggui was made deputy commissioner. For the sacrifice at Fenyin he was again ordered to supervise transport. Advisers held that from the capital to Hezhong, travel by land meant dangerous mountains and travel by boat meant fierce currents. Chenggui decided on water transport, and all supplies reached their destination safely downstream. From the tomb visits, the eastern Fengshan, and this occasion onward he was always left to manage affairs within the great inner palace. When the rites were completed he was due for promotion, but he memorialized requesting retirement. The emperor personally wrote an edict urging him to continue, and also composed a seven-character poem as a gift. He was appointed Xuanzheng Commissioner and Observation Commissioner of Yingzhou.
33
五年，以疾求致仕。 修宮使丁謂言承規領宮職，藉其督轄，望勿許所請，第優賜告詔，特置景福殿使名以寵之，班在客省使上。 仍改新州觀察使，上作歌以賜。 承規以廉使月稟歸於有司，手詔褒美，復定殿使奉以給之。 本名承珪，以久疾羸瘵，上為取道家易名度厄之義，改珪為規。 疾甚，請解務還私第，聽之。 仍許皇城常務上印日，內藏庫有創製，就取商度。 又再表求罷，官檢校太傅、左騎衛上將軍、安遠軍節度觀察留後致仕。 七月卒，年六十四。 廢朝，贈左衛上將軍、鎮江軍節度，諡曰忠肅。
In the fifth year he requested retirement on account of illness. Palace Construction Commissioner Ding Wei argued that Chenggui still held palace duties and that the court relied on his supervision. He urged that the request not be granted, that Chenggui be generously granted leave edicts instead, and that the special title of Jingfu Hall Commissioner be created to honor him, with rank above the Guest Reception Commissioner. He was also made Observation Commissioner of Xinzhou, and the emperor composed a song as a gift. Chenggui returned his monthly salary as inspection commissioner to the relevant office. The emperor personally wrote an edict praising him and again fixed the Jingfu Hall Commissioner's stipend to provide for him. His original name had been Chenggui. Because prolonged illness had left him emaciated, the emperor invoked the Daoist practice of changing one's name to ward off disaster and altered the written form of his name. His illness was severe. He asked to leave his duties and return to his private residence, and the request was granted. He was also allowed, on days when routine Imperial City business was formally submitted, to be consulted at once whenever the Inner Storehouse had new creations to review. He memorialized again requesting dismissal. He retired from his titles as Acting Grand Preceptor, Senior General of the Left Horse Guard, and Military Commissioner and Observation Remainder of the Anyuan Army. In the seventh month he died, at the age of sixty-four. Court audiences were suspended. He was posthumously granted Senior General of the Left Guard and Military Commissioner of the Zhenjiang Army, with the posthumous title Zhongsu (Loyal and Stern).
34
承規事三朝，以精力聞，樂較簿領，孜孜無倦。 自掌內藏僅三十年，檢察精密，動著條式。 又製定權衡法，語在《律曆志》。 性沈毅徇公，深所倚信，尤好伺察，人多畏之。 上崇瑞命，修祠祀，飾宮觀，承規悉預聞。 作玉清昭應宮，尤為精麗。 屋室有少不中程，雖金碧已具，必毀而更造，有司不敢計所費。 二聖殿塑配饗功臣，特詔塑其像太宗之側。 承規遇事亦或寬恕，鑄錢工常訴本監前後盜銅瘞地數千斤，承規佯為不納，因密遣人發取還官，不問其罪。 咸平中，朱昂、杜鎬編次館閣書籍，錢若水修祖宗實錄，其後修《冊府元龜》、國史及編著讎校之事，承規悉典領之。 頗好儒學，喜聚書，間接文士質訪故實，其有名於朝者多見禮待，或密為延薦。
Chenggui served three reigns and was known for his tireless energy. He delighted in auditing ledger accounts and worked diligently without ever slackening. He managed the Inner Storehouse for nearly thirty years. His inspections were precise and meticulous, and his actions always conformed to established regulations. He also formulated the Weights and Measures Law; the account appears in the "Treatise on Calendars and Measures." By nature he was grave, resolute, and devoted to public duty. The emperor trusted him deeply. He especially liked to investigate and observe, and many feared him. The emperor honored auspicious heavenly mandates, built shrines, and decorated palaces and temples, and Chenggui was fully involved in all of these. The Yuqing Zhaoying Palace he built was especially exquisite and splendid. If any building fell even slightly short of specifications, he would destroy it and rebuild even when gold and azure ornament were already in place; the officials dared not tally the cost. In the Hall of the Two Sages, where statues of meritorious ministers were molded for the accompanying sacrifice, a special edict ordered his image placed beside Taizong's. Chenggui could also be forgiving. Coin-casting workers often complained that former and later supervisors had stolen copper and buried thousands of jin in the ground. Chenggui pretended not to accept their account, then secretly sent men to dig it up and return it to the office without punishing anyone. During the Xianping era, Zhu Ang and Du Gao arranged the Hall and Library books and Qian Ruoshui edited the Veritable Records of the Ancestors. Chenggui later supervised all work on the Cefu Yuangui, the national history, and compilation and collation. He was quite fond of Confucian learning and delighted in collecting books. From time to time he sought out literati to inquire about historical facts. Those with fame at court were often treated with courtesy, and he sometimes secretly recommended them for promotion.
35
自寢疾惟以公家之務為念，遺奏求免贈賻詔葬，上甚嗟惜之，遣內臣與鴻臚典喪，親為祭文。 玉清昭應宮成，加贈侍中，遣內侍鄧守恩就墓告祭。 子從願，為西染院使。
Even from his sickbed he thought only of public affairs. His final memorial asked to be exempted from gift grants and edict burial. The emperor deeply lamented his death, sent inner attendants with the Minister of Ceremonies to direct the funeral, and personally composed the funerary text. When the Yuqing Zhaoying Palace was completed, he was additionally posthumously granted Chief Councilor, and inner attendant Deng Shou'en was sent to his tomb to announce the sacrifice. His son Congyuan served as Director of the Western Dyeing Bureau.
36
閻承翰，真定人。 周顯德中為內侍。 入宋事太祖，以謹願稱。 太宗時擢為殿頭高品，稍遷內侍供奉官、內殿崇班。 先是，八作司材木頗有隱弊，承翰建議於都城西置事材場，治材以給之。 雍熙中，知廣州徐休復奏轉運使王延範不軌狀，遣承翰馳往同逮捕下獄，就鞫之，考掠過苦，延範遂坐誅。 李順亂蜀，命為川峽招安都監。 賊平，授西京作坊副使。 會增募金吾兵，以承翰及劉承蘊分充左右金吾都監兼街仗司事。 俄罷之。
Yan Chenghan was from Zhending. During Zhou Xiande he served as an inner attendant. After entering Song he served Taizu and was known for diligence and reliability. Under Taizong he was promoted to Senior Inner Hall Rank and gradually rose to Inner Attendant Supply Commissioner and Honored Rank of the Inner Hall. Earlier, the Eight Works Bureau's timber supplies had been riddled with hidden abuses. Chenghan proposed establishing a timber-processing yard west of the capital to prepare timber for official use. In the Yongxi era, Guangzhou prefect Xu Xiufu memorialized that Transport Commissioner Wang Yanfan had acted disloyally. Chenghan was dispatched post-haste to help arrest him and send him to prison. He was interrogated on the spot under excessively harsh torture, and Yanfan was executed. When Li Shun rebelled in Shu, the court appointed him Overall Supervisor of Pacification for Chuan and Xia. After the rebels were pacified, he was granted Deputy Commissioner of the Western Capital Workshops. When additional Jinwu troops were recruited, Chenghan and Liu Chengyun were appointed respectively as Left and Right Jinwu Overall Supervisors, also overseeing the Street Halberd Bureau. Before long these posts were abolished.
37
真宗即位，改西京作坊使、內侍左班副都知。 咸平三年，河決鄆州王陵埽，遣承翰護塞。 時議徙鄆州以避河患，又詔承翰與工部郎中陳若拙乘傳規度，徙於舊治之東南。 五年，入內都知韓守英為鎮、定、高陽關三路排陣都鈐轄，上以其素無執守，議別擇人，因謂宰相曰：「承翰雖無武勇，然涖事勤恪。」 乃令代守英。 時中山屯兵甚眾，艱於飛挽，承翰請鑿渠，計引唐河水自嘉山至定州三十二里，又至蒲陰東六十二里，合沙河經邊吳泊入界河以濟饋運，亦可旁為方田，上嘉而從之。 渠成，人以為便，優詔褒之。 景德初，契丹謀寇順安軍，承翰奉詔發雄、霸精兵，與荊嗣、張延同築壘禦之，俄又遣詣德清軍規度重修城壘。 車駕北征，承翰先在澶州北城，奏契丹兵在近，請不度河，上不聽，促駕度浮橋。 二年，加領廉州刺史，勾當群牧司，多條上馬政，遂兼群牧副使。 時契丹結好，始置國信司主交聘之事，以承翰領之，多所規置。
When Zhenzong succeeded to the throne, he was made Commissioner of the Western Capital Workshops and Deputy Director of the Left Class of Inner Attendants. In the third year of Xianping the Yellow River broke through at Wangling Embankment in Yanzhou, and Chenghan was dispatched to supervise the dike repair. At the time officials debated moving Yanzhou to escape the river's damage. An edict also ordered Chenghan and Vice Director of the Works Chen Ruozhuo to travel by relay horse to survey the site and plan its relocation southeast of the old seat. In the fifth year Inner Director Han Shouying was made Overall Deployment Controller for the three circuits of Zhen, Ding, and Gaoyang Pass. The emperor felt that Han had never held steadfast command and discussed choosing someone else. He therefore told the chancellor: "Chenghan may lack martial valor, but in handling affairs he is diligent and reverent." He then ordered Chenghan to replace Shouying. At the time Zhongshan had a large garrison and struggled to move supplies quickly. Chenghan proposed digging a canal to draw Tang River water from Jiashan to Dingzhou for thirty-two li, then another sixty-two li east to Puyin, joining the Sha River, passing Bianwupo, and entering the Border River to facilitate supply transport. Side fields could also be laid out along it. The emperor praised the plan and approved it. When the canal was completed, people found it convenient, and an exceptional edict praised him. At the beginning of Jingde the Khitan planned to raid Shun'an Army. Chenghan received orders to mobilize elite troops from Xiong and Ba, and with Jing Si and Zhang Yan he built fortifications to defend against them. Soon he was again dispatched to Deqing Army to survey and plan rebuilding the walls and fortifications. When the imperial carriage marched north, Chenghan was already at the northern wall of Chenzhou. He memorialized that Khitan troops were near and urged that the emperor not cross the river. The emperor would not listen and pressed the carriage to cross the pontoon bridge. In the second year he additionally held the post of Prefect of Lianzhou and managed the Pasturage Bureau. He submitted many proposals on horse policy and was thus also made Deputy Commissioner of Pasturage. When peace was made with the Khitan, the State Credence Bureau was first established to manage diplomatic exchange matters. Chenghan was placed in charge and made many arrangements.
38
大中祥符初，改西京左藏庫使，充夏州趙德明加恩官告使。 還，請於浦洛河置館，以待夏台進奉使，上以荒敻勞役，不許。 四年，遷內園使、左班都知，領獎州團練使。
Early in the Dazhong Xiangfu reign he was made Commissioner of the Western Capital Left Storehouse and served as Commissioner bearing the edict of grace for Xiazhou's Zhao Deming. On his return he requested establishing a lodge at the Puluo River to receive Xia tribute envoys. The emperor held that the remote wasteland would impose too great a burden on labor and did not permit it. In the fourth year he was transferred to Inner Garden Commissioner and Director of the Left Class, and also held the post of Regimental Commissioner of Jiangzhou.
39
有西京左藏庫副使趙守倫久典廄牧，至是又掌估馬，與承翰聯職任，雖素為姻家，然不相得，遂各訟訴，並付御史臺。 承翰坐擅用群牧司錢，當贖金三十斤； 守倫坐違制移估馬司，當免所居官； 典吏當杖脊。 詔寬其罰：承翰贖金十斤，守倫贖金二十斤，典吏亦降從杖。 群牧都監張繼能、判官陳越田瑴、勾當騏驥院楊保用、估馬楊繼凝皆釋之，製置使陳堯叟特免按問。
Western Capital Left Storehouse Deputy Commissioner Zhao Shoulun had long managed the stables and pasturage, and at this time he also managed the horse appraisal office, sharing duties with Chenghan. Though they had long been related by marriage, they did not get along and each sued the other. Both cases were sent to the Censorate. Chenghan was convicted of unauthorized use of Pasturage Bureau funds and was liable for a redemption fine of thirty jin; Shoulun was convicted of violating regulations in moving the horse appraisal office and was to be stripped of his current office; The clerks involved were to be beaten on the back. An edict mitigated the punishments: Chenghan's redemption fine was reduced to ten jin, Shoulun's to twenty jin, and the clerks also received reduced corporal punishment. Overall Supervisor of Pasturage Zhang Jineng, Judge Chen Yue and Tian Yu, Manager of the Fine Horses Bureau Yang Baoyong, and horse appraiser Yang Jining were all released. Commissioner for Reorganization Chen Yaosou was specially exempted from inquiry.
40
六年，上製《內侍箴》賜之，承翰表請刻石省中。 明年，建應天府為南京，作鴻慶宮，設太祖、太宗像，遣承翰自京奉往。 授南作坊使、入內都知。 未幾，卒，年六十八。 贈懷州防禦使。
In the sixth year the emperor composed the "Admonition for Inner Attendants" and granted it to him. Chenghan memorialized requesting that it be carved on stone in the provincial office. The next year Yingtian Prefecture was made the Southern Capital and Hongqing Palace was built with statues of Taizu and Taizong. Chenghan was dispatched from the capital to convey the statues there. He was appointed Commissioner of Southern Workshops and Inner Director. Before long he died, at the age of sixty-eight. He was posthumously granted the title of Defense Commissioner of Huaizhou.
41
承翰性剛強，所至過於檢察，乏和懿之譽。 子文應，西京左藏庫使。
Chenghan was by nature stubborn and strong. Wherever he went he was excessively investigatory and never won a reputation for harmony and kindness. His son Wenying served as Commissioner of the Western Capital Left Storehouse.
42
秦翰，字仲文，真定獲鹿人。 十三為黃門，開寶中遷高品。 太平興國四年，崔彥進領眾數萬擊契丹，翰為都監，以善戰聞。 太宗因加賞異，謂可屬任。 雍熙中，出為瀛州駐泊，仍管先鋒事，遷入內殿頭高品、鎮、定、高陽關三路排陣都監。 淳化四年，補入內押班。
Qin Han, style name Zhongwen, was from Huolu in Zhending. At thirteen he became a Yellow Gate attendant, and in the Kaibao era he was promoted to Senior Rank. In the fourth year of Taiping Xingguo, Cui Yanjin led tens of thousands to strike the Khitan. Han served as overall supervisor and became known for skill in battle. Taizong therefore added exceptional rewards and said that he could be entrusted with important responsibility. In Yongxi he was sent out as garrison commander at Yingzhou while still managing vanguard affairs. He was promoted to Senior Inner Hall Head Rank and Overall Supervisor of Battle Formations for the three circuits of Zhen, Ding, and Gaoyang Pass. In the fourth year of Chunhua he was added to the Inner Escort Class.
43
趙保忠叛，命李繼隆率師問罪，翰監護其軍。 次延州，翰慮保忠遁逸，即乘驛先往，矯詔安撫以緩其陰計。 王師至，翰又諷保忠以地主之禮郊迎，因並驅而出，保忠遂就擒，以功加崇儀副使。 至道初，為靈、環、慶州、清遠軍四路都監。 真宗即位，加洛苑使、入內副都知。 咸平中，河朔用兵，以為鎮、定、高陽關排陣都監，敗契丹於莫州東，追斬數萬，盡奪所掠老幼。 詔褒之，徙定州行營鈐轄。
When Zhao Baozhong rebelled, Li Jilong was ordered to lead an army to punish him, and Han supervised and escorted the army. When the army halted at Yanzhou, Han feared Baozhong would escape. He immediately rode relay post ahead and falsely issued an edict of pacification to slow Baozhong's secret plans. When the imperial army arrived, Han also hinted to Baozhong to welcome them in the countryside with the rites due a local lord. They then rode out together, and Baozhong was captured. For this merit Han was promoted to Deputy Commissioner of Honored Ceremonial. At the beginning of the Zhidao reign he was Overall Supervisor of the four routes of Ling, Huan, Qingzhou, and Qingyuan Army. When Zhenzong succeeded to the throne he was additionally made Luoyuan Commissioner and Deputy Inner Director. During Xianping, when the Hebei region saw military action, he was made Battle Formation Supervisor for Zhen, Ding, and Gaoyang Pass. He defeated the Khitan east of Mozhou, pursued and killed tens of thousands, and fully recovered the old and young they had plundered. An edict praised him, and he was transferred to Campaign Deployment Controller at Dingzhou.
44
王均之亂，為川峽招安巡檢使。 時上官正與石普不協，翰恐生事，為曉譬和解之。 親督眾擊賊，中流矢不卻，五戰五捷，遂克益州，上手劄勞問。 翼日，進至廣都，斬首千餘級，獲馬數千匹。 歸朝，遷內園使，領恩州刺史。
During Wang Jun's rebellion he served as Pacification and Inspection Commissioner for Chuan and Xia. At the time Shangguan Zheng and Shi Pu were at odds. Han feared trouble would arise and personally reasoned with them until they reconciled. He personally led the troops against the rebels, was struck by an arrow but did not retreat, won five battles in five engagements, and captured Yizhou. The emperor sent him a personal letter of praise and inquiry. The next day he advanced to Guangdu, beheaded more than a thousand enemies, and captured several thousand horses. On returning to court he was promoted to Inner Garden Commissioner and also held the post of Prefect of Enzhou.
45
出為鎮、定、高陽關前陣鈐轄，又徙後陣。 破契丹二萬眾於威虜軍西，俘其鐵林大將等十五人。 又為邠寧、涇原路鈐轄兼安撫都監，率所部按行山外，召戎落酋帥，諭以恩信，凡三千餘帳相率內附。 未幾，康奴族拒命，翰與陳興、許均深入擊之，斬級數千，焚其廬帳，獲牛馬甚眾。 復與陳興、曹瑋襲殺童埋軍主於武延咸泊川。 詔書加獎，賜錦袍、金帶、白金五百兩、帛五百匹。
He was sent out as Forward Deployment Controller for Zhen, Ding, and Gaoyang Pass, then was transferred to the rear formation. He defeated twenty thousand Khitan west of Weilu Army and captured fifteen men, including their Iron Forest general. He also served as Deployment Controller of Binning and Jingyuan Circuits and Overall Supervisor of Pacification. He led his troops to patrol beyond the mountains, summoned tribal chieftains, and instructed them with grace and trust. More than three thousand tents came over in succession. Before long the Kangnu tribe defied orders. Han with Chen Xing and Xu Jun penetrated deep to strike them, beheaded several thousand, burned their tents, and captured a great many cattle and horses. Again with Chen Xing and Cao Wei he launched a surprise attack and killed the military commander Tongmai on the Wuyan Xianbo River. An edict letter added further commendation. He was granted a brocade robe, a gold belt, five hundred taels of white gold, and five hundred bolts of silk.
46
景德初，車駕將北巡，先遣翰乘傳往澶、魏裁制兵要，許便宜從事。 俄充邢洺路鈐轄，與大軍會德清軍，張掎角之勢。 又召為駕前西面排陣鈐轄，管勾大陣。 翰即督眾環城浚溝洫以拒契丹。 功畢，契丹兵果暴至，翰不脫甲胄七十餘日，契丹乞和，凱旋，留泊澶州。 月餘，令率所部兵還京師，加宮苑使、入內都知。 出為涇、原、儀、渭鈐轄。 先是，西鄙無藩籬之蔽，翰規度要害，鑿巨塹，計工三十萬，役卒數年而成，不煩於民。 就遷皇城使、入內都知。 以翰在邊久，宣力勤盡，特置是名以寵異焉。 翰表讓，不聽。
At the beginning of Jingde, when the imperial carriage was about to make a northern tour, Han was first dispatched by relay horse to Chen and Wei to decide military essentials, with permission to act as expedient required. Shortly afterward he served as Deployment Controller of Xing and Ming Circuits, joined the main army at Deqing Army, and deployed in pincer formation. He was again summoned as Forward Western Battle Formation Deployment Controller before the imperial carriage to manage the great formation. Han immediately directed the troops to dig moats around the city to hold off the Khitan. When the work was complete, Khitan troops indeed suddenly arrived. Han did not remove his armor for more than seventy days. The Khitan sued for peace, the army returned in victory, and he remained stationed at Chenzhou. After more than a month he was ordered to lead his troops back to the capital and was promoted to Palace Garden Commissioner and Inner Director. He was sent out as Deployment Controller of Jing, Yuan, Yi, and Wei. Earlier the western frontier had no barrier protection. Han surveyed key points and dug a great trench, estimated at thirty thousand man-days. Corvée soldiers completed it over several years without troubling the people. He was immediately transferred to Director of the Imperial City and Inner Director. Because Han had long served on the frontier with tireless diligence, this title was specially created to honor him exceptionally. Han memorialized to decline the honor, but the request was not accepted.
47
大中祥符初，求從東封，手詔諭以西垂委任之異。 改昭宣使，又為群牧副使，祀汾陰。 是歲，夏州屬戶有擾境上者，即日遣翰往脽上按視，遍巡邊部。 及翰至，事寧，復還扈從，凡行在諸司細務，悉令裁決，不須中覆。 禮畢，加領平州團練使，奉祀毫州，掌如汾陰。 八年，營葺大內，詔翰參領其事。 閏六月，暴卒於內庭之廨，年六十四。 上甚悼惜，為之泣下。 贈貝州觀察使，賻襚加等。 修內畢，詔遣使以襲衣、金帶賜其家。
Early in the Dazhong Xiangfu reign he requested to follow the eastern Fengshan ceremony. A personal edict explained the special trust placed in him for the western frontier. He was made Zhaoxuan Commissioner, again served as Deputy Commissioner of Pasturage, and attended the sacrifice at Fenyin. That year Xiazhou dependent households disturbed the border. That same day Han was dispatched to the frontier to inspect and comprehensively tour the border regions. When Han arrived the matter was settled. He returned again to attend the imperial procession, and all minor business of the various offices at the traveling court was ordered decided by him without needing central review. When the rites were finished, he was further made Military Training Commissioner of Pingzhou and charged with conducting the sacrifice at Bozhou, with responsibilities like those he had held at Fenyin. In the eighth year, as the inner palace was being repaired and rebuilt, the emperor ordered Han to help oversee the work. In the intercalary sixth month he died suddenly in his office within the inner court, at the age of sixty-four. The emperor mourned him deeply and wept. He was posthumously made Observation Commissioner of Beizhou, and the gifts of condolence and burial raiment were raised by one rank. When the inner-palace repairs were finished, the emperor sent envoys to bestow burial robes and a gold belt upon his family.
48
翰倜儻有武力，以方略自任。 前後戰鬥，身被四十九創。 李繼遷之未賓也，翰因使常出入其帳中，無疑間，嘗白太宗言：「臣一內官不足惜，願手刺此賊，死無所恨。」 太宗深嘉其忠。
Han was bold and capable in arms, and held himself responsible for strategy and planning. Over many battles his body bore forty-nine wounds. Before Li Jiqian had submitted to the court, Han, on his missions, often went in and out of Jiqian's tent without arousing suspicion. Once he reported to Emperor Taizong: "I am only one inner-palace official and not worth sparing; I wish to stab this rebel with my own hand, and would die without regret." The emperor greatly praised his loyalty.
49
翰性溫良謙謹，接人以誠信，群帥有剛狠不和者，翰皆得其歡心。 輕財好施，與將士同休戚，能得眾心，皆樂為用。 其歿也，禁旅有泣下者。
Han was gentle, modest, and careful by nature, and treated others with sincerity and trust. Even among commanders who were harsh and difficult to get along with, he won their goodwill. He cared little for money and loved to give it away. He shared hardship and comfort with his officers and soldiers, won their hearts, and all were glad to serve him. When he died, some among the palace guard wept.
50
九年，重贈彰國軍節度，詔楊億撰碑文，億以其不蓄財，表辭所贄物，雖朝廷不許，而時論美之。 子懷誌，內殿崇班。
In the ninth year he was posthumously made Jiedushi of the Zhangguo Army, and the emperor ordered Yang Yi to write his epitaph. Yi, noting that Han had never hoarded wealth, submitted a memorial declining the customary payment for the inscription. The court refused, but contemporaries praised his integrity. His son Huaizhi served as Inner Hall Honored Companion.
51
周懷政，并州人。 父紹忠，以黃門事太宗，從征河東，得懷政於亂屍間，養為子。 給事禁中，累至入內高品。 大中祥符初，真宗東封，命修行宮頓遞。 及奉泰山天書馳驛赴闕，轉殿頭。 天書每出宮，與皇甫繼明並為夾侍。 東封禮成，與內殿崇班康宗元留泰山，修圜台，轉入內西頭供奉官。 祀汾陰，轉東頭。 六年，劉承規卒，擢內殿崇班、入內押班、勾當皇城司。 會朝謁太清宮，與閻承翰等同管勾大內事。 七年，奉天書摹刻於乾元殿，為刻玉都監，又為修兗州景靈宮、太極觀都監，俄遷內殿承製。 是冬，命起居舍人、知制誥盛度為會真宮醮告使，懷政為都監。 還，為玉清昭應宮都監兼掌景靈宮、會靈觀使。 刻玉成，遷如京副使。 九年，建資善堂，以懷政為都監。 壽丘宮觀成，優賜襲衣、金帶，遷崇儀使。 天禧大禮，又為修奉寶冊都監，加領長州刺史，是冬，遷洛苑使。 二年春，遷左藏庫使。 仁宗為皇太子，命為入內副都知、管勾左右春坊，轉左騏驥使。 三年，領英州團練使，加昭宣使。
Zhou Huaizheng was a native of Bingzhou. His father Shaozhong served Taizong as a Yellow Gate attendant. On the campaign in Hedong he found Huaizheng among the dead in the chaos and raised him as his own son. He served in the inner palace and rose step by step to Inner-palace Senior Attendant. Early in the Dazhong Xiangfu reign, when Emperor Zhenzong performed the eastern Fengshan rites, Huaizheng was ordered to oversee the traveling palaces and relay stations along the route. When he carried the Heavenly Writ from Mount Tai back to court by post relay, he was promoted to Hall Chief. Whenever the Heavenly Writ was taken out of the palace, he and Huangfu Jiming served together as flank attendants. When the eastern Fengshan rites were finished, he and Inner Hall Honored Companion Kang Zongyuan stayed behind at Mount Tai to repair the Round Altar, and he was promoted to Inner Western Head Attendant-in-Waiting. At the Fenyin sacrifice he was transferred to Eastern Head attendant. In the sixth year, after Liu Chenggui died, he was promoted to Inner Hall Honored Companion, Inner-palace Escort Chief, and Acting Director of the Imperial City Office. When the court paid homage at the Taichong Palace, he and Yan Chenghan and others jointly managed inner-palace affairs. In the seventh year, when the Heavenly Writ was copied and carved in the Qianyuan Hall, he served as Director General of Jade Carving. He was also made Director General for repairing the Jingling Palace and Taiji Abbey in Yanzhou, and soon afterward was promoted to Inner Hall Manufacture Commissioner. That winter the Court Diarist and Drafter of Edicts Sheng Du was appointed prayer envoy for Huizhen Palace, with Huaizheng as director general. On his return he became Director General of the Yujing Zhaoying Palace and concurrently oversaw the Jingling Palace and Huiling Abbey. When the jade carving was finished, he was promoted to Deputy Commissioner on Capital Affairs. In the ninth year, when Zishan Hall was built, Huaizheng was appointed its director general. When the Shouqiu palace and abbey were completed, he was graciously granted burial robes and a gold belt and promoted to Honored Ceremonial Commissioner. For the Tianxi grand ceremony he again served as director general for preparing the precious register and was additionally made prefect of Changzhou. That winter he was promoted to Luoyuan Commissioner. In the spring of the second year he was promoted to Commissioner of the Left Treasury. When Renzong was crown prince, Huaizheng was appointed Deputy Chief of Inner Attendants and Acting Director of the Left and Right Eastern Palaces, and was promoted to Left Qiji Commissioner. In the third year he was made Military Training Commissioner of Yingzhou and promoted to Zhaoxuan Commissioner.
52
懷政日侍內廷，權任尤盛，於是附會者頗眾，往往言事獲從，同列位望居右者，必排抑之。 中外帑庫皆得專取，因多入其家。 性識凡近，酷信妖妄。 有朱能者，本單州團練使田敏廝養，為人凶狡，遂賂懷政親信，得見，因與侍卒姚斌妄談神懌以訹之。 懷政大惑，援能至禦藥使、領階州刺史。 俄於終南山修道觀，與劉益輩造符命，托神言國家休咎，否臧大臣。 時寇準鎮永興，能為巡檢，倚準舊望，欲實其事。 準好勝，喜其附己，多依違之。
Huaizheng attended the inner court every day, and his power grew especially great. Many attached themselves to him, and his proposals were often accepted. Colleagues of higher rank or reputation he always pushed aside. He was able to draw freely from treasuries at court and in the provinces, and much of it found its way into his home. His mind was shallow, and he was fanatically credulous of occult fraud. There was a man named Zhu Neng, originally a servant of Tian Min, Military Training Commissioner of Danzhou. He was violent and cunning. He bribed Huaizheng's trusted followers to gain an audience, then together with the attendant soldier Yao Bin spun tales of divine portents to frighten and deceive him. Huaizheng was thoroughly taken in and promoted Neng to Imperial Pharmacy Commissioner, additionally making him prefect of Jiezhou. Before long he built a Daoist abbey on Zhongnan Mountain. With Liu Yi and others he forged prophetic tokens, claiming divine pronouncements on the fortunes of the state and passing judgment on high ministers. At the time Kou Zhun was stationed at Yongxing, and Neng served as an inspector. Relying on Kou's former standing, he hoped to give the scheme substance. Kou was competitive by nature and was pleased that Neng sided with him, so he often went along without firm judgment.
53
朝臣屢言懷政之妄，真宗含忍不斥，然漸疏遠之。 懷政憂懼，時使小黃門自禁中出，詐稱宣召，入內東門，坐別室，久之而還，以欺同類。 會準為相，逾年而罷，懷政愈畏獲譴，不自安。
Court ministers repeatedly reported Huaizheng's misconduct, but Zhenzong endured it without rebuke and only gradually kept his distance. Anxious and afraid, Huaizheng sometimes sent a junior yellow-gate attendant out of the inner palace with a false claim of imperial summons. The attendant would enter the inner eastern gate, sit in a side room for a long while, then return—purely to deceive his colleagues. When Kou became chief minister he was dismissed after little more than a year. Huaizheng grew ever more afraid of being punished and could not rest easy.
54
四年七月，與弟禮賓副使懷信謀潛召客省使楊崇勳、內殿承製楊懷吉、閣門祗候楊懷玉會皇城司，期以二十五日竊發，殺丁謂等，復相寇準，奉真宗為太上皇，傳位太子。 前夕，崇勳、懷吉詣丁謂第密告之，謂即夜偕崇勳、懷吉至曹利用第計議，翌日，利用入奏，真宗怒，命收懷政。 令宣徽北院使曹瑋與崇勳於禦藥院鞫訊，具伏。 帝坐承明殿臨問，懷政但祈哀而已，命斬於城西普安寺。 父內殿承製紹忠及懷信並杖配復岳州，子侄勒停，貲產沒官。 朱能父左武衛將軍致仕諤、母周氏，罰銅百斤，子守昱、守吉分配邵、蔡、道州。 懷政仆使、親從並杖配海島、遠州，部下使臣貶秩有差。 懷政之未敗也，紹忠嘗詬之曰：「斫頭豎子終累我！」 懷信謂之曰：「兄前事必敗，宜早詣上首實，庶獲輕典。」 及其謀亂，又泣拜止之，不聽，故皆得免死。
In the seventh month of the fourth year he and his younger brother, Deputy Protocol Commissioner Huaixin, secretly summoned Guest Reception Commissioner Yang Chongxun, Inner Hall Manufacture Commissioner Yang Huaiji, and Gatekeeper Attendant Yang Huaiyu to meet at the Imperial City Office. They planned to rise on the twenty-fifth, kill Ding Wei and others, restore Kou Zhun as chief minister, install Zhenzong as retired emperor, and pass the throne to the crown prince. The night before, Chongxun and Huaiji went to Ding Wei's house and secretly informed him. Ding went that same night with Chongxun and Huaiji to Cao Liyong's residence to plan their response. The next day Liyong entered the palace to report it. Zhenzong was enraged and ordered Huaizheng arrested. The emperor ordered Xuanhui Northern Court Commissioner Cao Wei and Chongxun to interrogate him at the Imperial Pharmacy Courtyard, and Huaizheng confessed everything. The emperor questioned him in person at Chenming Hall. Huaizheng could only beg for mercy. He was ordered executed at Pu'an Temple west of the city. His father, Inner Hall Manufacture Commissioner Shaozhong, and Huaixin were both flogged and exiled to Yuezhou. Sons and nephews were barred from office, and their property was confiscated. Zhu Neng's father, the retired Left Martial Guard General E, and his mother Lady Zhou were fined one hundred jin of copper. His sons Shouyu and Shouji were exiled to Shao, Cai, and Daozhou. Huaizheng's servants and personal followers were all flogged and exiled to island outposts and distant prefectures. Subordinate envoys were demoted in rank to varying degrees. Before Huaizheng's fall, Shaozhong once cursed him: "You reckless fool—you'll ruin me yet!" Huaixin told him: "Brother, your earlier schemes are bound to fail. You should go to the emperor at once and confess everything—you may yet receive a lighter sentence." When the rebellion was plotted, he wept and bowed again to stop him, but Huaizheng would not listen. For this reason they all escaped execution.
55
右街僧錄澄遠以預聞妖詐，決杖黥配郴州。 內供奉官譚元吉、高品王德信、高班胡允則、黃門楊允文與懷政協同妖妄，皆杖配遠州。 入內押班鄭誌誠與能書問往還，削兩任，配房州。 入內供奉官石承慶嘗為懷政所召，夜二鼓不下皇城門鑰以待，黃門黃守忠見之，戒門卒勿納，至是言其事，承慶坐削兩任，配宿州。 楊懷玉次日始詣樞密院自陳，責授侍禁、杭州都監。 擢崇勳內客省使、桂州觀察使，懷吉如京使，賜以金帶、金銀。
Senior Monk Registrar of the Right Street Chengyuan, for having known of the occult fraud in advance, was flogged, tattooed, and exiled to Chenzhou. Inner Attendant-in-Waiting Tan Yuanji, Senior Attendant Wang Dexin, Senior Escort Hu Yunze, and Yellow Gate Yang Yunwen, who together with Huaizheng indulged in occult fraud, were all flogged and exiled to distant prefectures. Inner Escort Chief Zheng Zhicheng had exchanged letters with Neng. Two ranks were stripped from him and he was exiled to Fangzhou. Inner Attendant-in-Waiting Shi Chengqing had once been summoned by Huaizheng. At the second watch of the night the Imperial City gate was kept unlocked waiting for him. Yellow Gate Huang Shouzhong saw this and ordered the gate guards not to let him in. Now he reported the matter, and Chengqing was stripped of two ranks and exiled to Suzhou. Yang Huaiyu did not go to the Bureau of Military Affairs to confess until the next day. He was demoted to Palace Guard and made Hangzhou Director. Chongxun was promoted to Inner Guest Reception Commissioner and Observation Commissioner of Guizhou. Huaiji was made Capital Affairs Commissioner. Both were granted gold belts and gifts of gold and silver.
56
懷政既誅，亟遣入內供奉官盧守明、鄧文慶馳驛永興，捕朱能。 劉益、李貴、康玉、唐信，道士王先、張用和悉免死，配遠州。 能偵知使者至，衷甲出，殺守明以叛。 詔遣內殿承製江德明、入內供奉官於德潤發兵捕之，能入桑林自縊死。 永興、乾耀都巡檢供奉官李興、本軍十將張順斷能及其子首以獻，補興閣門祗候，順牢城都頭。 以劉益等十一人黨能害中使，磔於市。 王先、李貴、唐信、張用和八人皆處斬。 能母妻子弟皆決杖配隸，閣門祗候穆介、知永興軍府朱巽、轉運使梅詢劉楚、知鳳翔府臧奎等坐與懷政、能交結相稱薦，皆論罪。 降寇準太常卿，再貶道州。 凡朝士及永興、鳳翔官吏與準厚善者，悉降黜焉。
As soon as Huaizheng had been executed, the court urgently dispatched Inner Attendants-in-Waiting Lu Shouming and Deng Wenqing by post relay to Yongxing to capture Zhu Neng. Liu Yi, Li Gui, Kang Yu, Tang Xin, and the Daoist priests Wang Xian and Zhang Yonghe were all spared execution and exiled to distant prefectures. Neng learned that the envoys had arrived. He donned hidden armor, went out, killed Shouming, and rebelled. An edict dispatched Inner Hall Manufacture Commissioner Jiang Deming and Inner Attendant-in-Waiting Yu Derun to raise troops and capture him. Neng fled into a mulberry grove and hanged himself. Yongxing and Qianyao Chief Inspectors Attendant-in-Waiting Li Xing and the army Ten-general Zhang Shun cut off the heads of Neng and his son and presented them. Xing was appointed Gatekeeper Attendant and Shun Fortress Commander. Liu Yi and eleven others who aided Neng in killing the imperial envoy were dismembered in the marketplace. Wang Xian, Li Gui, Tang Xin, Zhang Yonghe, and eight others in all were executed. Neng's mother, wife, children, and younger brothers were all flogged, exiled, and reduced to servitude. Gatekeeper Attendant Mu Jie, Yongxing military prefect Zhu Xun, transport commissioners Mei Xun and Liu Chu, Fengxiang prefect Zang Kui, and others who had associated with Huaizheng and Neng and exchanged mutual recommendations were all punished according to their offenses. Kou Zhun was demoted to Minister of Ceremonies and then demoted again to Daozhou. All court officials and officers of Yongxing and Fengxiang who had been close to Kou were demoted or dismissed.
57
張崇貴，真定人。 太祖時為內中高品，稍遷殿頭。 太平興國中，以善射遷為禦帶。 錢俶納土，命馳往閱城防儲偫之數。 親征太原，從崔彥進、李漢瓊先路視水草。 端拱初，補內供奉官。
Zhang Chonggui was a native of Zhending. Under Taizu he served as Inner-palace Senior Attendant and gradually rose to Hall Chief. During the Taiping Xingguo reign, for his skill in archery he was promoted to Imperial Belt Guard. When Qian Chu submitted his territory, Chonggui was ordered to ride there at speed to inspect the city's defenses and stored provisions. On the emperor's personal campaign against Taiyuan, he followed Cui Yanjin and Li Hanqiong on the advance route to survey water and fodder. At the beginning of the Duangong reign he was appointed Inner Attendant-in-Waiting.
58
淳化四年，命乘傳之延州招羌戎之內附者，發庫錢犒給，以金幣賜酋領。 將行，轉內班右班押班，就命管勾鄜延屯兵，李繼隆討李繼遷，詔崇貴以延安兵掎角進討。 及擒趙保忠，留崇貴與石霸守綏州，徙平夏民以實之。 繼遷扼橐駝路，驅脅內屬戎人，崇貴與田敏率熟倉族乚遇戰於雙塠，殺二千餘級，掠牛羊、橐駝、鎧甲甚眾，連詔褒諭。 繼遷走漠中，遣其將佐趙光祚、張浦求納款，會於石堡砦，崇貴椎牛釃酒犒諭之，給以錦袍帶。 會改內班為黃門，命為黃門右班押班，仍加內殿崇班，又改黃門為內侍，職隨易焉。 既而繼遷貢橐駝、名馬待罪，遣崇貴往賜器幣、茶藥、衣物。
In the fourth year of Chunhua he was ordered to travel by relay post to Yanzhou to recruit Qiang and Rong tribesmen seeking to submit. He was to disburse treasury funds as rewards and bestow gold and silks on tribal chiefs. Just before his departure he was promoted to Inner Corps Right Escort Chief and concurrently appointed to manage the garrison troops of Bian and Yan. When Li Jilong was campaigning against Li Jiqian, an edict ordered Chonggui to advance with Yan'an troops in a pincer attack. When Zhao Baozhong was captured, Chonggui was left with Shi Ba to hold Suizhou, and Pingxia settlers were moved there to fill it. Jiqian blocked the Camel Road and coerced tribesmen who had submitted to the court. Chonggui and Tian Min led the Shucang tribesman Yi into battle at Shuangduo, killing more than two thousand enemies and seizing large numbers of cattle, sheep, camels, and armor. The court sent edict after edict praising their achievement. Jiqian fled into the desert and sent his officers Zhao Guangzuo and Zhang Pu to offer submission. They met at Shibao Fort, where Chonggui slaughtered an ox and poured libations to feast and reassure them, granting brocade robes and belts. When the Inner Corps was renamed Yellow Gate, he was appointed Yellow Gate Right Escort Chief and additionally made Inner Hall Honored Companion. When Yellow Gate was renamed again as Inner Attendant, his title changed accordingly. Soon afterward Jiqian presented camels and fine horses in submission. Chonggui was sent to bestow vessels and silks, tea and medicine, and clothing.
59
至道元年，進崇儀副使、內侍右班副都知。 時繼遷復叛，劫芻饋於浦洛河。 二年，詔李繼隆大發師進討。 賊圍靈州急，太宗將棄之，廷議未決，命崇貴與馮納乘傳往議其事，乃益兵固守，就命為靈、環、慶州、清遠軍路監軍，又為排陣都監。
In the first year of Zhidao he was promoted to Deputy Honored Ceremonial Commissioner and Deputy Chief of the Inner Attendant Right Corps. At that time Jiqian rebelled again and raided fodder supplies at the Pulu River. In the second year an edict ordered Li Jilong to mobilize a large army and advance in punitive campaign. The enemy pressed the siege of Lingzhou hard. Taizong was about to abandon the city, but court deliberation had not settled the matter. Chonggui and Feng Na were ordered to travel by relay post to discuss it. Reinforcements were sent to hold the city, and Chonggui was concurrently appointed Military Inspector for the Ling, Huan, and Qing prefectures and the Qingyuan Army route, and also Array Deployment Director General.
60
真宗立，拜洛苑使、右班都知、管勾并州軍馬。 自至道後，五路討賊，兵戰相繼，卒無成功。 及是，保吉復修貢，詔以定難節度授之，命崇貴持詔命、衣帶、器幣以賜。 使還，加六宅使。
When Zhenzong acceded to the throne, Chonggui was appointed Luoyuan Commissioner, Chief of the Right Corps, and Acting Director of Bingzhou military horses. From the Zhidao period onward, campaigns against the rebels were launched on five routes. Battles followed one after another, but in the end none succeeded. At this point Baoji resumed tribute. An edict granted him the Dingnan Jiedushi, and Chonggui was ordered to carry the edict, robes and belt, and gifts of vessels and silks to bestow them. On his return from the mission he was made Commissioner of the Six Residences.
61
崇貴久在邊，善識羌戎情偽，西人畏服。 每德明有所論述及境上交侵，皆先付裁制。 夏州趣邊有二路，其文移至環慶者，皆付延州議焉。 嘗請置緣邊安撫使，如北面之制。 上曰：「西鄙別無經營，苟德明能守富貴，無慮朝廷失恩信也。 增置署局，徒為張皇，不若委卿靜製之。」 二年，上言久去鄉里，願得告歸葬父母。 許之，錫與甚厚。 復命為都鈐轄，提舉榷場。 崇貴乞留京師，面諭委屬之意，聽歲入奏事。 四年八月，卒，年五十七。 帝悼惜之，贈豐州觀察使，內侍護喪還京師。 子承素，東染院副使。
Chonggui had long served on the frontier and understood the true motives of the Qiang and Rong. The peoples of the west feared and respected him. Whenever Deming sent communications or border clashes occurred, the matter was first entrusted to Chonggui for decision. From Xiazhou toward the border there were two routes. Official documents bound for Huan and Qing were all referred to Yanzhou for deliberation. He once requested the establishment of frontier Pacification Commissioners on the model used on the northern frontier. The emperor said: "The western frontier needs no special management. If Deming can hold on to his wealth and rank, there is no need to fear that the court will fail in grace and trust. Adding offices and bureaus would only create needless alarm. Better to leave the matter quietly in your hands." In the second year he memorialized that, having long been away from home, he wished to obtain leave to return and bury his parents. Permission was granted, and the emperor bestowed gifts and favors with great generosity. He was again appointed Chief Controller and put in charge of the frontier trade markets. Chonggui asked to remain in the capital. The emperor received him in audience, explained the duties entrusted to him, and allowed him to return to court each year to report on affairs. In the eighth month of the fourth year he died, at the age of fifty-seven. The emperor mourned him deeply. He was posthumously made Observation Commissioner of Fengzhou, and eunuchs escorted his coffin back to the capital. His son Chengsu held the post of Deputy Commissioner of the Eastern Dyeing Bureau.
62
張繼能，字守拙，并州太原人。 父讚，晉末為內班。 繼能，建隆初以黃門事禁中，太平興國初為內品。 從征河東，命主城南洞屋，以勞遷高品。 契丹入寇，命為高陽、鎮、定路先鋒都監，從崔彥進戰長城口，多所俘馘。 明年，又與彥進敗契丹於唐興口，轉殿頭高品。
Zhang Jineng, courtesy name Shouzhuo, was a native of Taiyuan in Bingzhou. His father Zan had served as an Inner Corps attendant in the late Jin period. At the beginning of the Jianlong era Jineng served as a Yellow Gate attendant in the palace; at the start of Taiping Xingguo he was promoted to Senior Attendant. On the campaign against Hedong he was ordered to command the south-city cave dwellings. For his service he was promoted to Senior Attendant. When the Khitan invaded, he was appointed Vanguard Director General for the Gaoyang, Zhen, and Ding route. Following Cui Yanjin he fought at Changcheng Pass and took many captives and heads. The next year he and Yanjin defeated the Khitan at Tangxing Pass, and Jineng was transferred to Palace Gate Senior Attendant.
63
雍熙中，夏州叛命李繼隆為銀、夏都部署，以繼能監軍。 俄徙護定州屯兵，領驍捷卒三千，屯五回嶺。 端拱初，遷入內殿頭，從趙保忠討李繼遷。 保忠薦其有材，命與保忠同經略其事。 代還，掌內弓箭庫。 淳化三年，與白承睿護芻粟入靈武。 會繼遷復寇邊，命繼能、承睿與知靈州侯延廣領驍卒五千，同主軍務，俄留為本州都監。 及鄭文寶議城威州、清遠軍，繼能護其役。 工畢，命與西京作坊副使張延洲同知軍事，又與田紹斌同掌積石砦。 就遷內供奉官、靈環慶、清遠軍後陣都監，與西人轉鬥，敗走之。 復還清遠。 詣闕奏事，遷內殿崇班。 未幾，拜供備庫副使，復遣護環州屯兵，徙涇、原、儀、渭都巡檢使。
During the Yongxi era, when Xiazhou rebelled, Li Jilong was appointed Overall Deployment Commissioner for Yin and Xia, and Jineng was made Military Inspector. Soon he was transferred to oversee the garrison at Dingzhou, leading three thousand Swift and Keen soldiers stationed at Wuhui Ridge. At the beginning of the Duangong era he was promoted to Inner Palace Gate Chief and followed Zhao Baozhong in campaigning against Li Jiqian. Baozhong recommended him as talented, and he was ordered to manage the campaign jointly with Baozhong. When his tour of duty ended he was put in charge of the Inner Bow and Arrow Storehouse. In the third year of Chunhua he and Bai Chengrui escorted fodder and grain into Lingwu. When Jiqian again raided the border, Jineng, Chengrui, and Lingzhou prefect Hou Yanguang were ordered to lead five thousand elite soldiers in managing military affairs. Soon Jineng was retained as Director General of the prefecture. When Zheng Wenbao proposed building fortifications at Weizhou and Qingyuan Army, Jineng oversaw the construction. When the work was finished, he was ordered to manage military affairs jointly with Western Capital Workshop Deputy Commissioner Zhang Yanzhou, and together with Tian Shaobin to command Jishi Fort. He was concurrently promoted to Inner Attendant-in-Waiting and Rear Array Director General for the Ling, Huan, Qing, and Qingyuan Army commands. In repeated clashes with the western peoples he fought them off in defeat. He then returned to Qingyuan. He went to court to report on affairs and was promoted to Inner Palace Honored Corps. Before long he was appointed Deputy Commissioner of the Provision Equipment Storehouse, again dispatched to oversee the garrison at Huanzhou, and transferred to General Inspector of Jing, Yuan, Yi, and Wei.
64
真宗即位，遷崇儀使、靈、環十州軍兵馬都監兼巡檢安撫使。 咸平三年王均之亂，命為川峽兩路招安巡檢使。 成都平，留為利州招安巡檢，尋召歸。 會銀、夏寇警，復為邠寧駐泊都監。 夏人寇清遠軍，營於積石河，繼能與楊瓊、馮守規在慶州逗留，不時赴援，致陷城堡，又焚棄青岡砦，特詔下御史府，免死，長流儋州。 景德二年，會赦，還為內侍省內常侍，又為陝西捕賊巡檢，獲千餘人，改內殿崇班。 從朝陵，為行宮四面巡檢。
When Zhenzong acceded to the throne, he was promoted to Honored Ceremonial Commissioner and made Military and Horse Director General for the ten prefectures and armies of Ling and Huan, concurrently serving as Pacification and Inspection Commissioner. During Wang Jun's rebellion in the third year of Xianping, he was appointed Pacification and Inspection Commissioner for the two Sichuan and Gorges routes. When Chengdu was pacified, he remained as Pacification Inspector at Lizhou and was soon recalled. When raids from Yin and Xia raised alarms, he was again made Garrison Director General at Binning. The Tangut raided Qingyuan Army and encamped on the Jishi River. Jineng, Yang Qiong, and Feng Shougui lingered at Qingzhou and failed to arrive in time, allowing the fortress to fall. They also abandoned and burned Qinggang Fort. By special edict the case was referred to the Censorate. The death sentence was commuted and Jineng was exiled for life to Danzhou. In the second year of Jingde, with a general amnesty, he was restored as Inner Regular Attendant of the Inner Palace Service. He then served as Shaanxi Bandit-Catching Inspector, captured more than a thousand men, and was promoted to Inner Palace Honored Corps. While accompanying the imperial tomb visit, he was made Four-Directions Inspector of the traveling palace.
65
四年，宜州卒陳進為亂。 初，知州劉永規馭下嚴酷，課澄海卒伐木葺州廨，數不中程即杖之，至有率妻孥趣山林以采者，雖甚風雨，不停其役。 故進因眾怨，殺永規及監軍國鈞，擁判官盧成均為帥，據其城。
In the fourth year the Yizhou soldier Chen Jin rebelled. At first the prefect Liu Yonggui governed his subordinates with harsh severity. He set the Chenghai soldiers to cut timber to repair the prefectural offices, and if the quota was missed even once they were flogged. Some led wives and children into the mountains to gather wood, and even in heavy wind and rain the labor was not halted. Jin therefore exploited public resentment, killed Yonggui and Military Inspector Guo Jun, installed Judge Lu Chengjun as commander, and seized the city.
66
七月，奏至，詔東上閣門使忠州刺史曹利用、供備庫使賀州刺史張煦為廣南東、西路安撫使，如京副使張從古及繼能副之，虞部員外郎薛顏同勾當轉運事，發荊湖蘄黃州兵討之。 上語近臣曰：「番禺寶貨雄富，賊若募驍果，立謀主，沿流東下趣廣州，則為患深矣。」 遣內侍高品周文質使廣州，監屯兵，會鄰路巡檢使控要路，集東西海戰棹，扼端州峽口。 賊悉眾來攻柳城縣，殿直韓明、許貴、郝惟和以所部兵千餘禦敵，明、貴死之，惟和僅以身免，成均奉宜州印遣使詣舒賁求赦罪。 是夕，進復陷柳城，官軍退保象州。 賊又寇懷遠軍，知軍殿直任吉與邕桂巡檢、殿直張崇寶、侍禁張守榮擊走之。 賊退而復集者累日，吉輩固守，屢與鬥，大獲其器甲。 又攻天河砦，砦兵甚少，監軍奉職錢吉部分嚴整，一戰敗之。 賊眾屢衄，頗潰去，眾心的攜貳，將棄宜州，以家屬之悼耄者五百人隕江中，率其眾裁三千趣柳、象，將入容管。 初至柳州，限江不能渡。 知州王昱望賊遁走，城遂陷。
In the seventh month the report reached court. An edict appointed Eastern Upper Gate Envoy and Prefect of Zhongzhou Cao Liyong and Provision Equipment Storehouse Commissioner and Prefect of Hezhou Zhang Xu as Pacification Commissioners for the Eastern and Western Guangnan routes, with Rujing Deputy Commissioner Zhang Conggu and Jineng as their deputies. Ministry of Works Outer Section Member Xue Yan jointly managed transport affairs, and troops from Jinghu, Qi, and Huang prefectures were mobilized to suppress the rebellion. The emperor said to his close ministers: "Panyu is rich in treasure and goods. If the rebels recruit fierce fighters, establish a chief strategist, and go downriver east toward Guangzhou, the harm will be grave." He dispatched Inner Attendant Senior Attendant Zhou Wenzhi to Guangzhou to oversee garrison troops, ordered neighboring-route inspection commissioners to hold the key roads, gathered war boats from the eastern and western seas, and sealed the gorge at Duanzhou. The rebels mustered their full force to attack Liucheng County. Palace Guard Han Ming, Xu Gui, and Hao Weihe met the enemy with more than a thousand men under their command. Ming and Gui died in battle; Weihe barely escaped with his life. Chengjun, bearing the seal of Yizhou, sent an envoy to Shu Ben to seek pardon for their crimes. That same night Jin again took Liucheng, and the government troops retreated to hold Xiangzhou. The rebels also raided Huaiyuan Army. Army Commander Palace Guard Ren Ji, together with Yong-Gui Inspection Commissioner Palace Guard Zhang Chongbao and Palace Guard Zhang Shourong, drove them off. The rebels withdrew and regathered for many days. Ji and the others held firm, fought repeatedly, and captured a great quantity of their armor. They also attacked Tianhe Fort. The fort had very few troops, but Military Inspector Attendant-in-Service Qian Ji deployed them in strict order and defeated the enemy in a single battle. The rebel host suffered repeated setbacks and many fled. Morale wavered and hearts divided, and they were about to abandon Yizhou. Five hundred elderly dependents drowned in the river. Jin led only three thousand men toward Liuzhou and Xiangzhou, intending to enter Rongguan. When they first reached Liuzhou, they were blocked by the river and could not cross. Prefect Wang Yu, seeing the rebels flee, abandoned the city, and it then fell.
67
朝廷以詔書四十分揭要路，諭賊歸順者悉釋其罪。 賊挈族居思順州，分兵攻象州。 利用命入內高班於德潤以千兵倍道襲逐，利用等繼至，遇賊武仙縣之李練鋪。 賊初不知覺，惟進率眾來拒，直犯前軍，前軍寄班侍班郭誌言麾騎士左右縱擊。 賊衣順水甲、執標牌以進，飛矢攢鋒不能卻，前軍即持棹刀巨斧破其牌，史崇貴登山大呼曰：「賊走矣，急殺之！」 賊心動，眾遂潰。 逐北至象州城下，賊砦猶有據長竿瞰城中者，成均始挈其族以詔書來降，乃斬進並其黨，生擒賊帥六十餘人，斬首級、獲器甲戰馬甚眾。
The court posted forty copies of the edict at key roads, declaring that all who surrendered would be fully pardoned. The rebels brought their families to settle at Sixun Prefecture and sent detachments to attack Xiangzhou. Liyong ordered Inner Attendant Senior Attendant Yu Derun with a thousand men to pursue by forced march. Liyong and the others followed and met the rebels at Liliancup in Wuxian County. At first the rebels did not know what was happening. Only Jin led his force to resist, charging straight at the vanguard. Vanguard Attendant-in-Service Guo Zhiyan commanded the cavalry to strike from both flanks. The rebels wore armor suited to fighting with the current and advanced holding shield standards. Flying arrows piled at their points but could not drive them back. The vanguard took boat-hooks and great axes and broke their shields. Shi Chonggui mounted the hill and shouted: "The rebels flee—kill them quickly!" The rebels' hearts wavered, and the host collapsed. They pursued the rebels north to the walls of Xiangzhou. In the rebel camp there were still men on long poles overlooking the city. Chengjun finally brought his clan with the edict to surrender. Jin and his followers were then executed. More than sixty rebel chiefs were captured alive, and heads, armor, and war horses were taken in great numbers.
68
利用分兵捕餘寇，遣於德潤馳奏其事。 授利用引進使，煦如京使，從古莊宅副使，繼能供備庫使，誌言供備庫使。 又以御前忠佐馬步軍副都軍頭郭全豐為都軍頭，領勤州刺史。 歸遠軍士手殺進者李昊、劉宗、趙敏並補本軍都頭，張守榮為供奉官、閣門祗候，張崇寶、任吉並為供奉官，錢吉為右侍禁。 又以知象州大理寺丞何邴最有勞，優拜祠部員外郎，賜緋。 又賜邴三子知道、知古、知常出身，邴之親屬同扞寇者悉甄敘之。 升象州為防禦使。
Liyong divided his forces to hunt down the remaining bandits and sent Yu Derun by express relay to report the affair. Liyong was appointed Introducing Commissioner; Xu was made Rujing Commissioner; Conggu was made Deputy Commissioner of the Estates Office; Jineng was made Provision Equipment Storehouse Commissioner; and Zhiyan was made Provision Equipment Storehouse Commissioner. Imperial Loyal Assistant Cavalry and Infantry Deputy Chief Commander Guo Quanfeng was also made Chief Commander and appointed Concurrent Prefect of Qinzhou. Li Hao, Liu Zong, and Zhao Min of Huaiyuan Army, who had personally killed Jin, were all appointed company chiefs of their army. Zhang Shourong was made Palace Attendant and Gate Usher; Zhang Chongbao and Ren Ji were both made Palace Attendants; and Qian Ji was made Right Palace Guard. He Bing, Assistant Magistrate of the Court of Judicial Review and prefect of Xiangzhou, had rendered the greatest service. He was specially promoted to Outer Section Member of the Ministry of Sacrificial Affairs and granted the crimson robe. He Bing's three sons, Zhidao, Zhigu, and Zhichang, were also granted initial office rank, and all his relatives who had fought the bandits were selected and promoted. Xiangzhou was raised to Defense Commissioner status.
69
初，賊攻象州，城在高丘上，素無井，閉壘之日，皆以乏水為慮。 賴天雨，停水將竭而雨復下，如是者兩月，汲之以濟。 山中無烽候，每欲破賊，即禱於城西神祠，或見巨蟒吞龜，是日果有克獲，眾以為神靈助順之應。 張守榮俄病瘴，遣尚醫馳往視之，未至而卒，贈如京使，錄其子官。 十二月，餘寇悉平。
When the rebels attacked Xiangzhou, the city stood on a high hill and had never had wells. From the day the walls were closed, everyone feared a shortage of water. They relied on heaven's rain. The pooled water was nearly exhausted when rain fell again. This happened for two months, and they drew on it to sustain themselves. There were no beacon towers in the mountains. Whenever they wished to defeat the bandits they prayed at the shrine west of the city. Sometimes they saw a great python swallow a turtle, and that very day they indeed won a victory. The people took this as a sign that the spirits were aiding the righteous cause. Zhang Shourong soon fell ill with miasma. An imperial physician was dispatched in haste to treat him, but before he arrived Shourong died. He was posthumously granted Rujing Commissioner, and his son was given office. In the twelfth month the remaining bandits were all pacified.
70
東封，留繼能為京舊城內巡檢鈐轄，俄加東染院使。
During the Eastern Fengshan rites, Jineng was left as Inspector Controller of the old capital inner city and was soon made Commissioner of the Eastern Dyeing Bureau as well.
71
大中祥符二年，入內都知李神祐等坐事悉罷，擢繼能入內內侍省副都知。 時宗室多召侍講說書，上嘉其勤學，令講誦日別給公膳，專遣繼能主之。 俄又與內殿承製岑保正提點郡縣主諸院事。 三年，兼群牧都監。 祀汾陰，留掌大內兼舊城內巡檢鈐轄，俄領會州刺史。 謁太清宮，為天書扶侍都監。 七年，以疾求解職，不許。 命為涇原儀渭、鎮戎軍兩路鈐轄。 未幾，徙鄜延都鈐轄。 先是，內屬戶殺漢口者止罰孳畜，繼能則麗於常法，由是西人畏而不敢犯。 德明雖受朝命，而羌部不絕寇境。 繼能日課卒截竹為簽，署字其上，且言以備將士記殺獲功狀，賊聞之甚懼。 歸朝，復涖群牧。 仁宗在儲宮，嘗親書一幅賜之。 繼能以聞，真宗亦為標題其末，人以為榮。 九年，坐前護修莊穆皇后陵摧陷，左授西染院使，掌往來國信。
In the second year of Dazhong Xiangfu, Inner Attendant-in-Chief Li Shenyou and others were all dismissed for their offenses, and Jineng was promoted to Deputy Chief of the Inner Palace Service. At the time many members of the imperial clan summoned lecturers and readers. The emperor praised their diligence in study and ordered separate public rations for each day of lecture and recitation, specially dispatching Jineng to manage the matter. Soon he was also, together with Inner Hall Manufacture Commissioner Cen Baozheng, put in charge of the establishments of princesses and commandery mistresses. In the third year he was concurrently made Grand Herd Director General. During the sacrifice at Fenyin he was left in charge of the inner palace and concurrently Inspector Controller of the old capital inner city, and was soon appointed Concurrent Prefect of Huizhou. On the visit to the Grand Supreme Palace he served as Attendant Director for the Heavenly Book escort. In the seventh year, on grounds of illness he requested to resign his post, but permission was not granted. He was ordered to serve as Controller of the two routes of Jingyuan-Yiwei and Zhenrong Army. Before long he was transferred to Chief Controller of the Fuyan route. Previously, when inner subjects killed Han people the penalty had been only a fine in livestock. Jineng applied the normal law, and from this the western peoples feared him and dared not offend. Although Deming accepted the court's commission, Qiang tribes never ceased raiding the border. Each day Jineng had soldiers cut bamboo slips and inscribe their names upon them, saying this was to prepare records for officers and soldiers to note kills and captures for merit reports. When the bandits heard of it they were greatly afraid. On return to court he again oversaw the Grand Herd. When Renzong was crown prince he once personally wrote a scroll and bestowed it upon him. Jineng reported it to the throne, and Zhenzong also inscribed a title at its end. People regarded this as a great honor. In the ninth year, for his earlier oversight of repairs to Empress Zhuangmu's tomb when it collapsed, he was demoted to Commissioner of the Western Dyeing Bureau and put in charge of diplomatic correspondence.
72
天禧初，復西京左藏庫使。 國信司吏陳誠者，頗巧黠，繼能欲援置群牧司，而誠先隸群牧，坐事停職。 至是，群牧吏左宗抉其宿負，白製置使曹利用，故誠不遂所求。 繼能怒宗之沮己，密遣親事卒偵宗。 會宗弟元喪妻，宗嘗為假敦駿軍校馬送葬，及還，元抵飲肆與酒保相毆，係府中，而假馬之事未發。 誠即白繼能，請屬府中並劾其事。 知府樂黃目受屬，獄未就，為群牧副使楊崇勳所發，繼能坐罷內職，降授西京作坊使，出為邠寧鈐轄。 繼能自陳不願外任，得掌瑞聖園，尋領往來國信所。 三年，復為西京左藏庫使、內侍右班副都知。 未幾，遷崇儀使，以衰老求解職，轉內園使，掌瓊林苑。 五年，卒，年六十五。 特贈汀州團練使，錄其子懷忠為大理寺丞，孫逖為三班奉職，遜為借職、春坊祗候。
At the beginning of the Tianxi era he was restored as Western Capital Left Treasury Commissioner. Chen Cheng, a clerk in the Diplomatic Correspondence Office, was quite clever and cunning. Jineng wished to recommend and place him in the Grand Herd Office, but Cheng had previously belonged to the Grand Herd Office and had been suspended from office for an offense. At this time Grand Herd clerk Zuo Zong exposed his old debts and reported the matter to Commissioner Cao Liyong, so Cheng did not obtain what he sought. Jineng, angry that Zuo had obstructed him, secretly dispatched personal attendants to spy on Zuo. It happened that Zuo's younger brother Yuan's wife died. Zuo had once borrowed a horse from a Dunjun army officer to escort the funeral. When Yuan returned he fought with a tavern keeper at a wine shop and was detained in the prefectural office, but the matter of the borrowed horse had not yet come to light. Cheng immediately reported this to Jineng and asked to intervene at the prefectural office and jointly impeach the affair. Prefect Le Huangmu accepted the intervention. Before the case was concluded it was exposed by Deputy Grand Herd Commissioner Yang Chongxun. Jineng was removed from inner service, demoted to Western Capital Workshop Commissioner, and sent out as Controller at Binning. Jineng reported that he was unwilling to take an outer post and was allowed to manage Ruisheng Garden. Soon he was put in charge of the Diplomatic Correspondence Office. In the third year he was again made Western Capital Left Treasury Commissioner and Deputy Chief of the Right Corps of the Inner Service. Before long he was promoted to Honored Ceremonial Commissioner. On grounds of old age he requested to resign his post and was transferred to Inner Garden Commissioner, managing Qionglin Park. In the fifth year he died, at the age of sixty-five. He was specially posthumously granted Military Training Commissioner of Tingzhou. His son Huaizhong was given office as Assistant Magistrate of the Court of Judicial Review; his grandson Ti was made Sanban Attendant-in-Service; and Sun was made Borrowed Rank Attendant and Attendant of the Eastern Palace.
73
繼能性沉密知兵，頗勇敢，喜讀書，然好治生。 晚年急於聚蓄，眾以此少之。
Jineng was by nature deep and discreet, understood warfare, was quite brave, and loved reading, yet he was fond of making a livelihood. In his later years he was eager to accumulate wealth, and for this people looked down on him somewhat.
74
何邴後歸朝，知磁州而卒。 一子知崇裁十餘歲，特補太廟齋郎。 又徙其侄平夷尉知古為滏陽尉。 省郎無賞延之例，猶以城守勞，故甄錄焉。
He Bing later returned to court, governed Cizhou, and died. One son, Zhichong, was barely over ten years old and was specially granted the post of Taibiao Attendant. His nephew Zhigu, magistrate of Pingyi, was also transferred to be magistrate of Fuyang. Central ministry officials had no precedent for extending rewards to sons, yet because of the merit of holding the city they were selected and recorded anyway.
75
李順之亂，王師致討，與王繼恩同領招安捉賊事，遇賊，鬥學射山南。 又攻清水埧，破雙流砦，招降數萬眾，斬千餘級。 順死，餘黨保險為寇，又與楊瓊先扼要路以邀之，擒斬萬餘人，獲器甲槍槊千餘。 遣別將曹習領兵捕餘賊於安國鎮，斬三百級。 時嘉、眉二州賊尚擾城郭，又遣內殿崇班宿翰討之。 兩川平，召還，深被褒勞。
During Li Shun's rebellion, when imperial forces were sent to suppress it, he shared command of the pacification campaign with Wang Jien. He met the rebels in battle at Douxue, south of the mountains. He also attacked Qingshui Dam, stormed Shuangliu Stockade, brought tens of thousands to surrender, and killed more than a thousand men. After Shun died, his remaining followers held the mountain passes and continued to raid. Shaoqin and Yang Qiong seized the key routes ahead of them, capturing and killing more than ten thousand men and seizing more than a thousand sets of armor, spears, and pikes. He sent a subordinate commander, Cao Xi, with troops to hunt down the remaining rebels at Anguo Town, where three hundred were killed. Rebels in Jia and Mei prefectures were still harassing the towns, so he dispatched Inner Hall Honored Corps attendant Su Han to put them down. When the Two Rivers region was pacified, he was recalled to court and richly rewarded.
76
真宗嗣位，拜宮苑使，領愛州刺史，充入內副都知、修奉永熙陵都監，即復土，遂為陵使。 景德二年，改皇城使。 從幸河朔，命為車駕前後行宮四面都巡檢。 次澶淵，命領扈駕兵守河橋。 三年，加昭宣使。 朝諸陵，復為行宮巡檢。 駐洛陽，命為皇城內外都巡檢。 曆掌三班院、皇城儀鸞翰林司。 卒，年五十六。
When Emperor Zhenzong succeeded to the throne, Shaoqin was appointed Palace Park Commissioner and Concurrent Prefect of Aizhou, and made Deputy Inner Attendant-in-Chief and Chief Overseer for the Yongxi Mausoleum. When the burial rites were completed, he remained as Mausoleum Commissioner. In the second year of the Jingde era, he was made Imperial City Commissioner. When the emperor toured Hebei, he was appointed General Inspector of the mobile palaces on all four sides of the imperial procession. When the court halted at Chanyuan, he was ordered to lead the imperial escort in guarding the river bridge. In the third year he was promoted to Zhaoxuan Commissioner. During visits to the imperial mausoleums, he again served as Mobile Palace Inspector. While the court was stationed at Luoyang, he was appointed General Inspector of the Imperial City, inside and out. He successively managed the Three-Rank Bureau, the Imperial City Ceremonial Guard Office, and the Hanlin Office. He died at the age of fifty-six.
77
紹欽苛愎少恩，不為眾所附。 太平興國中，江東有僧詣闕請修天台壽昌寺，且言寺成願焚身以報。 太宗允其請，命紹欽往督營繕。 既訖役，遽積薪於廷，請僧如願，僧言欲見至尊面謝，紹欽曰：「昨朝辭日，親奉德音，不煩致謝。」 僧惴怖偃蹇，顧道俗望有救之者，紹欽即促令躋薪上，火既盛，僧欲投下，紹欽遣左右以叉抑按而焚之。 子承慶，至內殿承製。
Shaoqin was harsh and obstinate, sparing in kindness, and won no loyalty from those around him. During the Taiping Xingguo reign, a monk from Jiangdong came to court asking permission to rebuild Tiantai Shouchang Temple, and declared that once the work was finished he would burn himself alive in gratitude. Taizong granted the request and ordered Shaoqin to go and supervise the rebuilding. When the work was done, he suddenly piled firewood in the courtyard and told the monk to fulfill his vow. The monk said he wished to see the emperor face to face to give thanks. Shaoqin replied: "When you took leave at court yesterday, you received the emperor's gracious word in person. There is no need to thank him again." The monk, terrified and balking, looked to the monks and lay followers around him, hoping someone would intervene. Shaoqin immediately forced him onto the pyre. Once the flames were high, the monk tried to jump down. Shaoqin had his attendants pin him with forks and burn him alive. His son Chengqing rose to the rank of Inner Hall Manufacture Commissioner.
78
石知顒，真定人。 曾祖承渥，梁尚食使。 祖守忠，晉內供奉官。 父希鐸，高品。
Shi Zhiyong was a native of Zhending. His great-grandfather Chengwo had served as Food Service Commissioner under the Liang. His grandfather Shouzhong had been an Inner Attendant-in-Waiting under the Jin. His father Xiduo held the rank of Senior Attendant.
79
知顒形貌甚偉，建隆中授內中高品。 太宗即位，改供奉官。 雍熙中，諸將征幽薊，以知顒隨軍。 歸，掌儀鸞司。
Zhiyong was a man of imposing stature. In the Jianlong era he was appointed Senior Inner Attendant. When Taizong acceded to the throne, he was made Attendant-in-Waiting. During the Yongxi reign, when the generals campaigned against You and Ji, Zhiyong accompanied the army. After returning to court, he took charge of the Ceremonial Guard Office.
80
淳化中，明州初置市舶司，與蕃商貿易，命知顒往經制之。 轉內殿崇班、親王諸宮都監。 從王繼恩平蜀寇，就遷西京作坊副使。
During the Chunhua reign, when Mingzhou first established a Maritime Trade Office for commerce with foreign merchants, Zhiyong was sent to organize and oversee it. He was transferred to Inner Hall Honored Corps and made Director General of the Princes' Palaces. After joining Wang Jien in pacifying the Shu rebels, he was promoted on the spot to Deputy Commissioner of the Western Capital Workshops.
81
咸平初，遷正使、帶禦器械。 契丹犯邊，上北巡，命為天雄軍、澶州巡檢使，俄改德、博等州緣河巡檢使兼安撫，加領長州刺史。 三年，戍鎮、定、高陽關三路，押大陣。 是冬，改高陽關駐泊行營鈐轄。 歸朝，復掌親王諸宮事。 景德中，自京抵泗，遣徒治河堤，命總其役。 初計工累月，及是，浹日而畢。 上面加褒諭，賜白金千兩，授入內都知。
At the beginning of the Xianping era, he was promoted to Chief Commissioner and granted the privilege of bearing imperial arms. When the Khitan raided the frontier and the emperor toured north, he was appointed Inspector of Tianxiong Army and Chuanzhou. Soon he was made Inspector of De, Bo, and other prefectures along the river, concurrently serving as Pacification Commissioner, with the additional title of Concurrent Prefect of Changzhou. In the third year he garrisoned the three routes of Zhen, Ding, and Gaoyang Pass and commanded the main army. That winter he was made Controller of the encamped mobile headquarters at Gaoyang Pass. After returning to court, he again managed the affairs of the Princes' Palaces. During the Jingde reign, laborers were sent from the capital to Si to repair the river dikes, and he was ordered to oversee the entire project. The work had initially been estimated to take months, but this time it was finished within ten days. The emperor personally commended him, bestowed one thousand taels of white gold, and appointed him Inner Attendant-in-Chief.
82
大中祥符初，遷內園使。 俄以定內侍遷秩品第不當，為其列所誣，坐罷都知。 三年，為並、代州鈐轄，遷莊宅使，徙鎮、定、高陽關鈐轄。 四年，命與內殿崇班張繼能、供奉官侍其旭同修太祖神御殿。 上封求覲闕下，復掌群牧司、三班院、親王諸宮事。
At the beginning of the Dazhong Xiangfu era, he was promoted to Inner Garden Commissioner. Soon afterward, for having improperly fixed the ranks and grades of eunuch promotions, he was denounced by his colleagues and removed from the post of Attendant-in-Chief. In the third year he was made Controller of Bing and Dai prefectures, promoted to Estates Commissioner, and transferred to Controller of Zhen, Ding, and Gaoyang Pass. In the fourth year he was ordered, together with Inner Hall Honored Corps Zhang Jineng and Attendant-in-Waiting Shi Qixu, to repair the Spirit Imperial Hall of Taizu. He memorialized the throne requesting an audience at court and again took charge of the Grand Herd Office, the Three-Rank Bureau, and the affairs of the Princes' Palaces.
83
天禧二年，為並、代州鈐轄兼管勾麟府路軍馬事。 三年，卒，年六十九。 孫全彬。
In the second year of the Tianxi era, he was made Controller of Bing and Dai prefectures, concurrently overseeing military horse affairs on the Lin-Fu route. In the third year he died, at the age of sixty-nine. His grandson was Quan Bin.
84
全彬字長卿，以知顒奏補入內小黃門，累遷西頭供奉官。 仁宗使致香幣於南海，密詔察所過州縣吏治民俗，還，具以對，帝以為忠謹。 陝右群盜殺鳳州巡檢，遣往擒滅之。
Quan Bin, courtesy name Changqing, entered palace service as Junior Yellow Gate through Zhiyong's recommendation and was gradually promoted to Western Attendant-in-Waiting. Emperor Renzong sent him to deliver incense and silks to the Southern Sea, with a secret edict to inspect the governance and customs of every prefecture and county along the route. When he returned and reported in full, the emperor judged him loyal and careful. When bandits in western Shaanxi killed the Fengzhou inspector, he was dispatched to capture and destroy them.
85
元昊叛，全彬監鄜州兵救延州，解圍去。 經略使明鎬言其勇略善將，得邊人情，除並、代州都監，加內侍押班。 進鈐轄，徙鄜延，還，為押班。
When Yuanhao rebelled, Quan Bin supervised Yanzhou troops in the relief of Yanzhou; the siege was lifted and the enemy withdrew. Pacification Commissioner Ming Hao reported that Quan Bin was brave and strategic, skilled at command, and understood the border peoples. He was appointed Director General of Bing and Dai prefectures and made Inner Attendant Escort Chief. He was promoted to Controller, transferred to the Fuyan route, and after returning to court became Escort Chief.
86
儂智高寇廣南，以為湖南、江西路安撫副使。 出桂林，請於宣撫使狄青，願獨當一隊以自效。 於是使將左方兵，力戰於邕州。 南方平，領綿州防禦使。
When Nong Zhigao raided Guangnan, Quan Bin was made Deputy Pacification Commissioner of the Hunan and Jiangxi routes. After leaving Guilin, he asked Pacification Commissioner Di Qing to let him lead a force on his own and prove his worth. He was then put in command of the left wing and fought fiercely at Yongzhou. When the south was pacified, he was granted the concurrent title of Military Defense Commissioner of Mianzhou.
87
張貴妃居寧華殿閣，命全彬提舉。 妃薨，治喪過製，皆劉沆、王洙與全彬共為之。 數月，進宮苑使、利州觀察使，給兩使留後奉。 俄為入內副都知，知制誥劉敞封還詞命，居三月，復授之。 轉領信武軍留後，為永昭陵鈐轄。 時去永定復土四十二年，有司多亡其籍，全彬以心計辦治。 遷福延宮使，提點奉先院。
When Consort Zhang took up residence in Ninghua Hall Pavilion, Quan Bin was ordered to oversee it. When the consort died, the funeral arrangements exceeded proper ritual. Liu Hang, Wang Shu, and Quan Bin jointly oversaw them all. Within months he was promoted to Palace Park Commissioner and Observation Commissioner of Lizhou, with the stipend of an acting governor of two commissions. Soon he was made Deputy Inner Attendant-in-Chief. Document Drafting Academician Liu Chang returned the appointment sealed in protest, but after three months the appointment was granted again. He was transferred to Acting Governor of Xinquan Army and made Controller of the Yongzhao Mausoleum. It was then forty-two years since the earth-returning rites at Yongding, and many offices had lost their records. Quan Bin managed the affair through his own careful planning. He was promoted to Fuyan Palace Commissioner and made Supervisor of the Imperial Ancestral Hall.
88
熙寧中，卒，年七十六。 贈太尉、定武軍節度使，諡曰恭僖。
During the Xining reign he died, at the age of seventy-six. He was posthumously granted the titles of Grand Commandant and Military Governor of Dingwu Army, with the posthumous name Gongxi.
89
鄧守恩，并州人。 十歲以黃門事太宗。 淳化中，盜起成都，從王繼恩往討之。 至道初，就護西蜀屯兵。 咸平初，為入內高班。 契丹入寇，命石保吉為鎮、定都部署，以守恩為都監。 逾年，入掌騏驥院。 會龍騎叛卒剽劫環、慶，遣守恩擒翦之。 景德初，為澶、濮都巡檢。 又使環、慶及戎、瀘等州巡察邊事。
Deng Shouen was a native of Bingzhou. At the age of ten he entered palace service as a Yellow Gate attendant under Taizong. During the Chunhua reign, when bandits rose at Chengdu, he followed Wang Jien to suppress them. At the beginning of the Zhidao era, he was sent to oversee the garrison troops in western Shu. At the beginning of the Xianping era, he was made Senior Inner Attendant Corps. When the Khitan invaded, Shi Baoji was appointed Chief Deployer of Zhen and Ding, with Shouen as his Director General. After a year he returned to court to manage the Qiji Stud. When mutinous Dragon Cavalry soldiers looted Huan and Qing, Shouen was dispatched to capture and destroy them. At the beginning of the Jingde era, he was made General Inspector of Chen and Pu. He was again sent to inspect border affairs in Huan, Qing, Rong, Lu, and other prefectures.
90
大中祥符初，按獄於濮州，雪冤人十餘。 預監修玉清昭應宮、會靈觀。 七年，又兼修真遊殿、景靈宮。 累遷入內高品、供奉官。 宮成，遷內殿承製。 八年，預修大內，改西京作坊副使。 九年，營造皆畢，授東染院使，充會靈觀都監。
At the beginning of the Dazhong Xiangfu era, he conducted a judicial review at Puzhou and cleared more than ten wrongfully convicted men. He helped supervise the construction of Yuqing Zhaoying Palace and Huiling Temple. In the seventh year he additionally supervised Zhenzhen You Hall and Jingling Palace. He was repeatedly promoted, rising to Senior Inner Attendant and Attendant-in-Waiting. When the palace was completed, he was promoted to Inner Hall Manufacture Commissioner. In the eighth year he took part in repairing the Inner Palace and was made Deputy Commissioner of the Western Capital Workshops. In the ninth year, when all construction was finished, he was appointed Eastern Dyeing Bureau Commissioner and made Chief Overseer of Huiling Temple.
91
天禧二年，掌軍頭引見司，又修祥源觀成，遷崇儀使。 三年，授入內押班。 河決滑州，命為修河鈐轄。 郊祀，召為行宮使，改如京使，復還本任。 四年春，河復故道，遷文思院使。 歸朝，加領昭州刺史。 是秋，掌皇城、國信二司，整肅禁衛，遷入內副都知。 會建天章閣，命領其事。 又勾當資善堂兼太子左右春坊司。
In the second year of the Tianxi era he managed the Army Head Presentation Office, completed the repair of Xiangyuan Temple, and was promoted to Honored Ceremonial Commissioner. In the third year he was appointed Inner Attendant Escort Chief. When the Yellow River breached at Huazhou, he was appointed Controller of the river-repair project. During the suburban sacrifice he was summoned as Mobile Palace Commissioner, briefly made Rujing Commissioner, and then restored to his original post. In the spring of the fourth year the river returned to its old course, and he was promoted to Commissioner of the Literary Thinking Hall. After returning to court, he was additionally appointed Concurrent Prefect of Zhaozhou. That autumn he took charge of the Imperial City and Diplomatic Correspondence offices, tightened the palace guard, and was promoted to Deputy Inner Attendant-in-Chief. When the Tianzhang Pavilion was being built, he was ordered to oversee the project. He also managed Zishan Hall and the Crown Prince's Left and Right Spring Palace offices.
92
守恩長七尺餘，狀貌甚偉，涖事幹敏，以強果稱於時。 五年，卒，年四十八。 贈淄州防禦使。 錄其子官。
Shouen stood more than seven feet tall, with a very imposing appearance. In office he was capable and quick, and was known in his day for forcefulness and resolve. In the fifth year he died, at the age of forty-eight. He was posthumously granted the title of Military Defense Commissioner of Zizhou. His son was granted an official appointment.