1
}}五行傳曰：「治宮室，飾臺榭，內淫亂，犯親戚，侮父兄，則稼穡不成。」 謂土失其性而為災也。 又曰：「思心不叡，是謂不聖。 厥咎瞀，厥罰恒風，厥極凶短折。 時則有脂夜之妖，時則有華孽，時則有牛禍，時則有心腹之痾，時則有黃眚、黃祥，時則有金木水火沴土。」 班固曰：「不言『惟』而獨曰『時則有』者，非一衝氣所沴，明其異大也。」 華孽劉歆傳以為蠃蟲之孽，謂螟屬也。
The "Tradition of the Five Elements" states: "When rulers build and adorn palaces and pavilions, indulge in inner corruption, offend their kin, and insult fathers and elder brothers, the grain harvest will fail." That is, Earth abandons its proper character and calamity follows. It further says: "When deliberation lacks clarity, this is what is meant by lack of sagacity. The fault is confusion; the penalty is incessant wind; the extreme is sudden, violent death. In such seasons come demons of the black night, calamities of flowering aberration, bovine portents, diseases of the heart and viscera, yellow harbingers of ill omen, and the imbalance of metal, wood, water, and fire assailing earth." Ban Gu remarked: "The text does not say 'only' but repeatedly says 'in such seasons there are' because no single clashing force accounts for the harm—the variety and scale of these portents is thereby made plain." As for flowering calamities, Liu Xin's tradition classifies them as calamities of shelled creatures—that is, locusts and their kind.
2
稼穡不成
When the grain harvest fails:
3
吳孫晧時，嘗歲無水旱，苗稼豐美，而實不成，百姓以饑，闔境皆然，連歲不已。 吳人以為傷露，非也。 按劉向春秋說曰：「水旱當書，不書水旱，而曰大無麥禾者，土氣不養，稼穡不成。」 此其義也。 晧初遷都武昌，尋還建業，又起新館，綴飾珠玉，壯麗過甚，破壞諸宮，增修苑囿，犯暑妨農，官民疲怠。 月令，「季夏不可以興土功」。 晧皆冒之。 此治宮室飾臺榭之罰，與春秋魯莊公三築臺同應也。 班固曰：「無水旱之災，而草木百穀不熟，皆為稼穡不成。」
Under Sun Hao of Wu there were years without flood or drought. The fields looked lush, yet the grain never ripened. Famine spread among the people, the whole realm alike, year after year without end. The people of Wu blamed damage from dew, but this was not the cause. Liu Xiang's commentary on the Spring and Autumn Annals explains: "Floods and droughts ought to be recorded. When the chronicle omits flood and drought yet says 'great lack of wheat and grain,' it means the qi of earth fails to nourish—the harvest does not succeed." This is the sense of that passage. Hao first moved the capital to Wuchang, then soon returned to Jianye. He built a new palace hung with pearls and jade, more splendid than measure allowed, tore down the old palaces, and enlarged the parks. He pressed labor through the summer heat and hindered the harvest until officials and commoners alike were worn out. The Monthly Ordinances declare, "In the last month of summer one must not undertake earthworks." Hao transgressed every one of these rules. This was the penalty for building palaces and adorning pavilions—the same correspondence as Duke Zhuang of Lu's three tower-building campaigns recorded in the Spring and Autumn Annals. Ban Gu wrote: "When there is no flood or drought, yet grasses, trees, and the hundred grains fail to ripen, all count as failure of the harvest."
4
晉穆帝永和十年，三麥不登，至關西亦然。 自去秋至是夏，無水旱，無麥者，如劉向說也。 又俗云，「多苗而不實為傷」，又其義也。
In the tenth year of Yonghe under Emperor Mu of Jin, the three grains failed; the same held as far west as Guanxi. From the previous autumn through this summer there was neither flood nor drought, yet wheat failed everywhere—just as Liu Xiang had explained. Popular lore likewise says, "Many shoots but no grain means injury"—again the same principle.
5
恒風
Incessant wind:
6
魏齊王正始九年十一月，大風數十日，發屋折樹； 十二月戊子晦，尤甚，動太極東閣。
In the eleventh month of the ninth year of Zhengshi under the Duke of Qi of Wei, violent winds blew for many days, tearing off roofs and snapping trees; on the last day of the twelfth month, the wuzi day, the storm was especially fierce and shook the eastern gate of the Hall of Supreme Ultimate.
7
魏齊王嘉平元年正月壬辰朔，西北大風，發屋折木，昏塵蔽天。 按管輅說此為時刑，大風，執政之憂也。 是時曹爽區瞀自專，驕僭過度，天戒數見，終不改革。 此思心不叡，恒風之罰也。 後踰旬而爽等滅。 京房易傳曰：「眾逆同志，至德乃潛，厥異風。 其風也，行不解，物不長，雨小而傷。 政悖德隱，茲謂亂。 厥風先風不雨，大風暴起，發屋折木。 守義不進，茲謂眊。 厥風與雲俱起，折五穀莖。 臣易上政，茲謂不順。 厥風大飈發屋。 賦斂不理，茲謂禍。 厥風絕經紀，止即溫，溫即蟲。 侯專封，茲謂不統。 厥風疾而樹不搖，穀不成。 辟不思道利，茲謂無澤。 厥風不搖木，旱無雲，傷禾。 公常於利，茲謂亂。 厥風微而溫，生蟲蝗，害五穀。 棄正作淫，茲謂惑。 厥風溫，螟蟲起，害有益人之物。 侯不朝，茲謂叛。 厥風無恒，地變赤，雨殺人。」
On the first day of the first month of the first year of Jiaping under the Duke of Qi of Wei, a northwest gale unroofed houses, snapped trees, and filled the sky with dust so thick that day seemed like dusk. Guan Luo interpreted this as a seasonal penalty: great wind signals anxiety among those who hold power. At that time Cao Shuang was muddled and willful, arrogant beyond measure. Heaven's warnings appeared again and again, yet he never reformed. This was the penalty for clouded deliberation and incessant wind. Within little more than ten days Shuang and his faction were destroyed. Jing Fang's "Commentary on the Changes" says: "When the multitude rebels yet moves as one, supreme virtue withdraws; the portent is wind. Its wind blows without respite; nothing flourishes; the rain is slight yet damaging. When government defies virtue and virtue is concealed, this is called disorder. Its wind comes first without rain; a sudden gale rises, tearing off roofs and snapping trees. Clinging to righteousness yet failing to advance, this is called blindness. Its wind rises with the clouds and snaps the stalks of the five grains. When ministers readily overturn the ruler's policy, this is called insubordination. Its wind is a great blast that tears houses apart. When levies and collections are not properly ordered, this is called calamity. Its wind severs the warp and woof of order; when it stops, warmth follows, and with warmth come insects. When lords monopolize their fiefs, this is called lack of unity. Its wind is swift yet the trees do not sway, and the grain fails. When the ruler gives no thought to the Way and the people's welfare, this is called want of grace. Its wind does not stir the trees; drought comes without clouds and the grain is ruined. When the ruler is constantly bent on profit, this is called disorder. Its wind is mild yet warm; insects and locusts breed and destroy the five grains. Abandoning what is upright and indulging in excess, this is called delusion. Its wind is warm; stem-borers multiply and destroy what nourishes the people. When lords fail to attend court, this is called rebellion. Its wind has no constancy; the earth turns red; rain kills people."
8
吳孫權太元元年八月朔，大風，江海涌溢，平地水深八尺，拔高陵樹二株，石碑磋動，吳城兩門飛落。 按華覈對，役繁賦重，區瞀不叡之罰也。 明年，權薨。
On the first day of the eighth month of the first year of Taiyuan under Sun Quan of Wu, a great gale drove the rivers and sea over their banks. On level ground the water stood eight feet deep. Two trees at Gaoling were uprooted, stone tablets were ground and shaken, and two gates of the Wu capital were torn away. Hua He explained that heavy corvée and crushing taxes were the penalty for muddled, unperceptive rule. The following year Quan died.
9
吳孫亮建興元年十二月丙申，大風震電。 是歲，魏遣大眾三道來攻，諸葛恪破其東興軍，二軍亦退。 明年，恪又攻新城，喪眾太半，還伏誅。
On the bingshen day of the twelfth month of the first year of Jianxing under Sun Liang of Wu, violent wind and thunder shook the land. That year Wei sent a great army along three routes. Zhuge Ke routed the force at Dongxing, and the other two columns also withdrew. The next year Ke attacked Xincheng again, lost more than half his army, returned home, and was put to death.
10
吳孫休永安元年十一月甲午，風四轉五，復蒙霧連日。 是時孫綝一門五侯，權傾吳主，風霧之災，與漢五侯、丁、傅同應也。 十二月丁卯夜，又大風，發木揚沙。 明日，綝誅。
On the jiawu day of the eleventh month of the first year of Yong'an under Sun Xiu of Wu, the wind shifted four or five times, then fog blanketed the land for days on end. At that time five marquisates filled Sun Chen's clan, and their power overshadowed the Wu ruler. The calamity of wind and mist matched the Five Marquises of Han and the Ding and Fu factions. On the night of the dingmao day in the twelfth month another gale uprooted trees and hurled sand through the air. The next day Chen was executed.
11
晉武帝泰始五年五月辛卯朔，廣平大風折木。
On the first day of the fifth month of the fifth year of Taishi under Emperor Wu of Jin, a gale in Guangping snapped trees.
12
晉武帝咸寧元年五月，下邳、廣陵大風，壞千餘家，折樹木。
In the fifth month of the first year of Xianning under Emperor Wu of Jin, gales at Xiapi and Guangling destroyed more than a thousand homes and broke countless trees.
13
咸寧元年五月甲申，廣陵、司吾、下邳大風折木。
On the jiashen day of the fifth month of the first year of Xianning, gales at Guangling, Siwu, and Xiapi snapped trees.
14
咸寧三年八月，河間大風折木。
In the eighth month of the third year of Xianning, a gale in Hejian broke trees.
15
晉武帝太康二年五月，濟南大風，折木傷麥。
In the fifth month of the second year of Taikang under Emperor Wu of Jin, a gale in Jinan snapped trees and damaged the wheat.
16
太康二年六月，高平大風折木，發壞邸閣四十餘區。
In the sixth month of the second year of Taikang, a gale in Gaoping broke trees and tore the roofs from more than forty lodging compounds.
17
太康八年六月，郡國八大風。
In the sixth month of the eighth year of Taikang, eight commanderies and kingdoms reported great gales.
18
太康九年正月，京都風雹，發屋拔木。 後二年，宮車晏駕。
In the first month of the ninth year of Taikang, wind and hail in the capital tore off roofs and uprooted trees. Two years later the emperor died.
19
晉惠帝元康四年六月，大風雨拔樹。
In the sixth month of the fourth year of Yuankang under Emperor Hui of Jin, wind and rain uprooted trees.
20
元康五年四月庚寅夜，暴風，城東渠波浪； 七月，下邳大風，壞廬舍； 九月，雁門、新興、太原、上黨災風傷稼。 明年，氐、羌反叛，大兵西討。
On the night of the gengyin day in the fourth month of the fifth year of Yuankang, a sudden gale whipped waves through the eastern moat; in the seventh month a gale at Xiapi wrecked cottages; in the ninth month destructive winds in Yanmen, Xinxing, Taiyuan, and Shangdang damaged the harvest. The next year the Di and Qiang rebelled, and a great army marched west to suppress them.
21
元康九年六月，飈風吹賈謐朝服飛數百丈。 明年，謐誅。
In the sixth month of the ninth year of Yuankang, a whirlwind snatched Jia Mi's court robes and carried them hundreds of paces through the air. The following year Mi was executed.
22
元康九年十一月甲子朔，京都連大風，發屋折木。 十二月，太子廢。
On the first day of the eleventh month of the ninth year of Yuankang, successive gales in the capital tore off roofs and snapped trees. In the twelfth month the crown prince was deposed.
23
晉惠帝永康元年二月，大風拔木。 三月，愍懷被害。 己卯，喪柩發許還洛，是日，大風雷電，幃蓋飛裂。
In the second month of the first year of Yongkang under Emperor Hui of Jin, a great gale uprooted trees. In the third month Crown Prince Minhuai was murdered. On the jimao day the funeral procession left Xu for Luoyang. That same day wind, thunder, and lightning tore the mourning canopies from their frames.
24
永康元年四月，張華第舍飈風折木，飛繒軸六七。 是月，華遇害。
In the fourth month of the first year of Yongkang, a whirlwind at Zhang Hua's house snapped trees and sent six or seven bolts of silk flying through the air. That same month Hua was murdered.
25
永康元年十一月戊午朔，大風從西北來，折木飛石。 明年正月，趙王倫篡位。
On the first day of the eleventh month of the first year of Yongkang, a northwest gale snapped trees and hurled stones through the air. In the first month of the following year the Prince of Zhao seized the throne.
26
晉惠帝永興元年正月癸酉，趙王倫祠太廟，災風暴起，塵沙四合。 其年四月，倫伏辜。
On the guiyou day of the first month of the first year of Yongxing under Emperor Hui of Jin, the Prince of Zhao offered sacrifice at the Grand Ancestral Temple. A calamitous gale sprang up and dust and sand closed in from every side. In the fourth month of that year Lun was executed.
27
晉元帝永昌元年七月丙寅，大風拔木，屋瓦皆飛。
On the bingyin day of the seventh month of the first year of Yongchang under Emperor Yuan of Jin, a gale uprooted trees and sent roof tiles flying.
28
永昌元年八月，暴風壞屋，拔御道柳樹百餘株。 其風縱橫無常，若風自八方來者。 十一月，宮車晏駕。
In the eighth month of the first year of Yongchang, a sudden gale wrecked houses and uprooted more than a hundred willows along the imperial roadway. The wind shifted without pattern, as though gales were striking from all eight directions at once. In the eleventh month the emperor died.
29
晉成帝咸康四年三月壬辰，成都大風，發屋折木。 四月，李壽襲殺李期。
On the renchen day of the third month of the fourth year of Xiankang under Emperor Cheng of Jin, a gale at Chengdu tore off roofs and snapped trees. In the fourth month Li Shou attacked and killed Li Qi.
30
晉康帝建元元年七月庚申，晉陵、吳郡災風。
On the gengshen day of the seventh month of the first year of Jianyuan under Emperor Kang of Jin, destructive winds struck Jinling and Wu commanderies.
31
晉穆帝升平元年八月丁未，策立皇后何氏。 是日疾風。
On the dingwei day of the eighth month of the first year of Shengping under Emperor Mu of Jin, Lady He was invested as empress. That same day a violent gale blew.
32
升平五年正月戊戌朔，疾風。
On the first day of the first month of the fifth year of Shengping, a violent gale blew.
33
晉海西公太和六年二月，大風迅急。
In the second month of the sixth year of Taihe under the Duke of Haixi of Jin, fierce gales blew.
34
晉孝武帝寧康元年三月戊申朔，暴風迅起，從丑上來，須臾轉從子上來，飛沙揚礫。
On the first day of the third month of the first year of Ningkang under Emperor Xiaowu of Jin, a sudden gale sprang up from the northeast, then in a moment shifted to the north, hurling sand and gravel through the air.
35
晉孝武帝太元元年二月乙丑朔，暴風折木。
On the first day of the second month of the first year of Taiyuan under Emperor Xiaowu of Jin, a sudden gale snapped trees.
36
太元二年閏三月甲子朔，暴風疾雨俱至，發屋折木。
On the first day of the intercalary third month of the second year of Taiyuan, sudden wind and driving rain together tore off roofs and broke trees.
37
太元二年六月，長安大風拔苻堅宮中樹。 其後堅再南伐，身戮國亡。
In the sixth month of the second year of Taiyuan, a gale at Chang'an uprooted the trees in Fu Jian's palace. Later Jian marched south again, was killed in battle, and his kingdom fell.
38
太元四年八月乙未，暴風。
On the yiwei day of the eighth month of the fourth year of Taiyuan, a sudden gale blew.
39
太元十二年正月壬子夜，暴風。
On the night of the renzi day in the first month of the twelfth year of Taiyuan, a sudden gale blew.
40
太元十二年七月甲辰，大風拔木。
On the jiachen day of the seventh month of the twelfth year of Taiyuan, a great gale uprooted trees.
41
太元十七年六月乙卯，大風折木。
On the yimao day of the sixth month of the seventeenth year of Taiyuan, a great gale snapped trees.
42
晉安帝元興二年二月甲辰，大風雨，大航門屋瓦飛落。 明年，桓玄篡位，由此門入。
On the jiachen day of the second month of the second year of Yuanxing under Emperor An of Jin, wind and rain tore the roof tiles from the Dahang Gate. The following year Huan Xuan seized the throne and entered the city through that same gate.
43
元興三年正月，桓玄遊大航南，飄風飛其䡟輗蓋。 三月，玄敗。
In the first month of the third year of Yuanxing, as Huan Xuan toured south of the Dahang crossing, a gust snatched away his carriage canopy. In the third month Xuan was defeated.
44
元興三年五月，江陵大風折木。 是月，桓玄敗於崢嶸洲，身亦屠裂。
In the fifth month of the third year of Yuanxing, a gale at Jiangling snapped trees. That same month Huan Xuan was defeated at Zhengrong Isle and his body was hacked to pieces.
45
元興三年十一月丁酉，大風，江陵多死者。
On the dingyou day of the eleventh month of the third year of Yuanxing, a great gale killed many people at Jiangling.
46
晉安帝義熙四年十一月辛卯朔，西北疾風起。
On the first day of the eleventh month of the fourth year of Yixi under Emperor An of Jin, a fierce northwest gale sprang up.
47
義熙五年閏十月丁亥，大風發屋。 明年，盧循至蔡洲。
On the dinghai day of the intercalary tenth month of the fifth year of Yixi, a gale tore the roofs from houses. The following year Lu Xun reached Caizhou.
48
義熙六年五月壬申，大風拔北郊樹，樹幾百年也。 琅邪、揚州二射堂倒壞。 是日，盧循大艦漂沒。 甲戌，又風，發屋折木。 是冬，王師南討。
On the renshen day of the fifth month of the sixth year of Yixi, a gale uprooted the trees of the northern suburb, some nearly three centuries old. The archery halls at Langye and Yangzhou collapsed. That same day Lu Xun's great warships were swept away and sunk. On the jiaxu day another gale tore off roofs and snapped trees. That winter the imperial army marched south in campaign.
49
義熙十年四月己丑朔，大風拔木。
On the first day of the fourth month of the tenth year of Yixi, a great gale uprooted trees.
50
義熙十年六月辛亥，大風拔木。 明年，西討司馬休之。
On the xinhai day of the sixth month of the tenth year of Yixi, a great gale uprooted trees. The following year the court launched a western campaign against Sima Xiuzhi.
51
宋少帝景平二年正月癸亥朔旦，暴風發殿庭，會席翻揚數十丈。 五月，帝廢。
At dawn on the first day of the first month of the second year of Jingping under the Lesser Emperor of Song, a sudden gale swept the palace courtyard and sent the meeting mats flying dozens of paces through the air. In the fifth month the emperor was deposed.
52
文帝元嘉二十六年二月庚申，壽陽驟雨，有回風雲霧，廣三十許步，從南來，至城西回散滅。 當其衝者，室屋樹木摧倒。
On the gengshen day of the second month of the twenty-sixth year of Yuanjia under Emperor Wen, a sudden storm struck Shouyang. A whirlwind wrapped in cloud and mist, some thirty paces across, came from the south, reached the west side of the city, then wheeled about and dispersed. Whatever lay in its path—houses, trees, and all—was smashed flat.
53
元嘉二十九年三月，大風，拔木飛瓦。
In the third month of the twenty-ninth year of Yuanjia, a great gale uprooted trees and hurled roof tiles through the air.
54
元嘉三十年正月，大風拔木，雨凍殺牛馬，雷電晦冥。 二月，宮車晏駕。
In the first month of the thirtieth year of Yuanjia, a gale uprooted trees, freezing rain killed cattle and horses, and thunder and lightning filled a darkened sky. In the second month the emperor died.
55
孝武帝大明七年，風吹初寧陵隧口左標折。 鍾山通天臺新成，飛倒，散落山澗。 明年閏五月，帝崩。
In the seventh year of Daming under Emperor Xiaowu, wind snapped the left marker at the mouth of the Chuning Mausoleum tunnel. The newly completed Tongtian Terrace on Mount Zhong was blown over and its timbers scattered into the mountain ravines. In the intercalary fifth month of the following year the emperor died.
56
前廢帝永光元年正月乙未朔，京邑大風。
On the first day of the first month of the first year of Yongguang under the Deposed Former Emperor, a great gale struck the capital.
57
明帝泰始二年三月丙申，京邑大風。
On the bingshen day of the third month of the second year of Taishi under Emperor Ming, a great gale struck the capital.
58
泰始二年四月甲子，京邑大風。
On the jiazi day of the fourth month of the second year of Taishi, a great gale struck the capital.
59
泰始二年五月丁未，京邑大風。
On the dingwei day of the fifth month of the second year of Taishi, a great gale struck the capital.
60
泰始二年五月己酉，京邑大風。
On the jiyou day of the fifth month of the second year of Taishi, a great gale struck the capital.
61
泰始二年九月乙巳，京邑大風。
On the yisi day of the ninth month of the second year of Taishi, a great gale struck the capital.
62
後廢帝元徽二年七月甲子，京邑大風。
On the jiazi day of the seventh month of the second year of Yuanhui under the Deposed Later Emperor, a great gale struck the capital.
63
元徽三年三月丁卯，京邑大風。
On the dingmao day of the third month of the third year of Yuanhui, a great gale struck the capital.
64
元徽三年六月甲戌，京邑大風。
On the jiaxu day of the sixth month of the third year of Yuanhui, a great gale struck the capital.
65
元徽四年十一月辛卯，京邑大風。
On the xinmao day of the eleventh month of the fourth year of Yuanhui, a great gale struck the capital.
66
元徽五年三月庚寅，京邑大風，發屋折木。
On the gengyin day of the third month of the fifth year of Yuanhui, a great gale in the capital tore off roofs and snapped trees.
67
元徽五年六月甲寅，京邑大風。
On the jiayin day of the sixth month of the fifth year of Yuanhui, a great gale struck the capital.
68
夜妖
Demons of the black night:
69
魏高貴鄉公正元二年閏正月戊戌，大風晦暝，行者皆頓伏。 近夜妖也。 劉向曰：「正晝而暝，陰為陽，臣制君也。」 時晉景王討毋丘儉，是日始發。
On the wuxu day of the intercalary first month of the second year of Zhengyuan under the Noble Township Duke of Wei, a great wind brought darkness at midday, and travelers fell prostrate where they stood. This approached a demon of the black night. Liu Xiang wrote: "When noon turns to darkness, yin overmasters yang—ministers control the ruler." At that time the Jin Prince of Jing marched against Wuqiu Jian, and that was the day his army first set out.
70
魏元帝景元三年十月，京都大震，晝晦。 此夜妖也。 班固曰：「夜妖者，雲風並起而杳冥，故與常風同象也。」 劉向春秋說云：「天戒若曰，勿使大夫世官，將令專事，冥晦。 明年，魯季友卒，果世官而公室卑矣。」 魏見此妖，晉有天下之應也。
In the tenth month of the third year of Jingyuan under Emperor Yuan of Wei, the capital was shaken by a great earthquake and noon turned dark. This was a demon of the black night. Ban Gu explained: "Demons of the black night arise when cloud and wind rise together into deep gloom, and therefore share the same portent as ordinary wind." Liu Xiang's commentary on the Spring and Autumn Annals says: "Heaven's warning seems to say: Do not let great officers hold hereditary office, or they will soon monopolize affairs and bring darkness. The next year Ji You of Lu died, and hereditary office did follow until the ducal house was humbled." When Wei saw this portent, it foreshadowed Jin's possession of the realm.
71
晉孝武帝太元十三年十二月乙未，大風晦暝。 其後帝崩，而諸侯違命，干戈內侮，權奪於元顯，禍成於桓玄。 是其應也。
On the yiwei day of the twelfth month of the thirteenth year of Taiyuan under Emperor Xiaowu of Jin, a great wind brought darkness at midday. Afterward the emperor died, the feudal lords defied the throne, civil war broke out within the realm, power passed to Yuan Xian, and disaster culminated with Huan Xuan. This was the correspondence.
72
蠃蟲之孽
Calamities of shelled creatures:
73
晉孝武咸寧元年七月，郡國螟； 九月，青州又螟。
In the seventh month of the first year of Xianning under Emperor Xiaowu of Jin, commanderies and kingdoms reported rice-stem borers; in the ninth month Qing province was struck again.
74
咸寧元年七月，郡國有青蟲食禾稼。
In the seventh month of the first year of Xianning, green insects devoured the grain crops in many commanderies and kingdoms.
75
咸寧四年，司、冀、兗、豫、荊、揚郡國皆螟。
In the fourth year of Xianning, borers ravaged the commanderies and kingdoms of Si, Ji, Yan, Yu, Jing, and Yang.
76
晉武帝太康四年，會稽彭蜞及蟹皆化為鼠，甚眾，覆野，大食稻為災。
In the fourth year of Taikang under Emperor Wu of Jin, at Kuaiji mud crabs and river crabs all turned into rats in vast numbers that covered the countryside and devoured the rice crop.
77
太康九年八月，郡國二十四螟。 螟說與蝗同。 是時帝聽讒訴。
In the eighth month of the ninth year of Taikang, twenty-four commanderies and kingdoms reported borers. Borers are interpreted the same way as locusts. At that time the emperor heeded slanderous accusations.
78
太康九年九月，蟲傷稼。
In the ninth month of the ninth year of Taikang, insects damaged the harvest.
79
晉惠帝元康二年九月，帶方、含資、提奚、南新、長岑、海冥、列口蟲食禾葉蕩盡。
In the ninth month of the second year of Yuankang under Emperor Hui of Jin, insects at Daifang, Hanzai, Tixi, Nanxin, Changcen, Haiming, and Liekou devoured the grain leaves until nothing remained.
80
晉惠帝永寧元年七月，梁、益、涼三州螟。 是時齊王冏秉政。 貪苛之應也。
In the seventh month of the first year of Yongning under Emperor Hui of Jin, borers struck the three provinces of Liang, Yi, and Liang. At that time the Prince of Qi, Sima Min, held the government. This was the correspondence of greed and harsh rule.
81
永寧元年十月，南安、巴西、江陽、太原、新興、北海青蟲食禾葉，甚者十傷五六。
In the tenth month of the first year of Yongning, green insects at Nan'an, Baxi, Jiangyang, Taiyuan, Xinxing, and Beihai devoured the grain leaves, destroying as much as half the crop in the worst cases.
82
永寧元年十二月，郡國八螟。
In the twelfth month of the first year of Yongning, eight commanderies and kingdoms reported borers.
83
牛禍
Bovine portents:
84
晉武帝太康九年，幽州塞北有死牛頭語。 近牛禍也。 是時帝多疾病，身以後事為念，而託付不以至公，思心瞀亂之應也。 師曠曰：「怨讟動於民，則有非言之物而言。」 又其義也。
In the ninth year of Taikang under Emperor Wu of Jin, beyond the northern frontier in You province the head of a dead ox spoke. This approached a bovine portent. At that time the emperor was often ill and brooded over the succession, yet entrusted power without full impartiality—the correspondence of a clouded, troubled mind. Shi Kuang said: "When resentment and slander stir among the people, things that ought not to speak begin to speak." Again, the same principle applies.
85
晉惠帝太安中，江夏張騁所乘牛言曰：「天下方亂，乘我何之！」 騁懼而還，犬又言曰：「歸何蚤也。」 尋後牛又人立而行。 騁使善卜者卦之。 謂曰：「天下將有兵亂，為禍非止一家。」 其年張昌反，先略江夏，騁為將帥。 於是五州殘亂，騁亦族滅。 京房易妖曰：「牛能言，如其言占吉凶。」 易萌氣樞曰：「人君不好士，走馬被文繡，犬狼食人食，則有六畜祅言。」 時天子諸侯不以惠下為務，又其應也。
During the Tai'an era under Emperor Hui of Jin, the ox ridden by Zhang Cheng of Jiangxia said, "The realm is in turmoil—where do you think you are taking me?" Cheng turned back in fear, and a dog then said, "Why return so soon?" Soon afterward the ox stood upright like a man and walked. Cheng had a skilled diviner cast the hexagrams. The diviner said, "War will soon convulse the realm, and the calamity will not spare a single household." That year Zhang Chang rebelled, first overrunning Jiangxia, and Cheng served as one of his commanders. Five provinces were laid waste, and Cheng's entire clan was destroyed. Jing Fang's omens in the Changes say: "When an ox speaks, take its words as an omen of fortune or disaster." The Sprouting Qi Pivot of the Changes says: "When the ruler does not cherish scholars, when racing horses are draped in brocade and dogs and wolves eat human food, the six domestic animals speak as portents." At that time emperors and lords did not make the welfare of their subjects their concern—again the correspondence.
86
晉愍帝建武元年，曲阿門牛生犢，一體兩頭。
In the first year of Jianwu under Emperor Min of Jin, at the Qu'e Gate an ox bore a calf with one body and two heads.
87
元帝太興元年，武昌太守王諒牛生子，兩頭八足兩尾共一腹。 三年後死。 又有牛生一足三尾，皆生而死。 按司馬彪說，兩頭者，政在私門，上下無別之象也。 京房易傳曰：「足多者，所任邪也。 足少者，下不勝任也。」 其後皆有此應。
In the first year of Taixing under Emperor Yuan, the ox of Wang Liang, governor of Wuchang, bore a calf with two heads, eight legs, and two tails sharing one belly. Three years later the calf died. Another ox bore a calf with one leg and three tails; each was born alive and soon died. Sima Biao explained that two heads signify government lodged in private hands—the image of no distinction between ruler and subject. Jing Fang's "Commentary on the Changes" says: "When legs are many, those appointed are wicked. When legs are few, those below cannot bear their duties." Afterward each case found its correspondence.
88
晉元帝太興四年十二月，郊牛死。 按劉向說春秋郊牛死曰，宣公區瞀昏亂，故天不饗其祀。 元帝中興之業，實王導之謀也。 劉隗探會主意，以得親幸，導見疏外。 此區瞀不叡之禍也。
In the twelfth month of the fourth year of Taixing under Emperor Yuan of Jin, the suburban sacrificial ox died. Liu Xiang's commentary on the Spring and Autumn explains that when the suburban sacrificial ox died, it meant Duke Xuan was blind with confusion and disorder, and Heaven refused his offerings. The restoration under Emperor Yuan was in truth Wang Dao's doing. Liu Wei divined the emperor's mind to win intimate favor, while Wang Dao was kept at a distance and pushed aside. This was the calamity of clouded, unperceptive rule.
89
晉成帝咸和二年五月，護軍牛生犢，兩頭六足。 是冬，蘇峻作亂。
In the fifth month of the second year of Xianhe under Emperor Cheng of Jin, an ox of the Guard Army bore a calf with two heads and six legs. That winter Su Jun rebelled.
90
咸和七年，九德民袁榮家牛產犢，兩頭八足二尾共身。 京房易傳：「殺無罪，則牛生妖。」
In the seventh year of Xianhe, Yuan Rong of Jiude had an ox bear a calf with two heads, eight legs, and two tails on one body. Jing Fang's "Commentary on the Changes" says: "When the innocent are slain, oxen bear portents."
91
桓玄之國在荊州，詣刺史殷仲堪，行至鶴穴，逢一老公，驅青牛，形色瓌異。 桓玄即以所乘牛易取。 乘至零陵涇溪，駿駛非常，因息駕飲牛。 牛徑入江水不出。 玄遣人覘守，經日無所見。
While Huan Xuan held Jingzhou, he went to visit the inspector Yin Zhongkan. At He Cave he met an old man driving a blue ox of strange and wondrous appearance. Huan Xuan at once traded away the ox he had been riding to take it. He rode it to Jing Stream in Lingling. Its pace was extraordinary, so he halted to water the ox. The ox went straight into the river and did not emerge. Xuan sent men to keep watch, but after a full day they saw nothing.
92
宋文帝元嘉三年，司徒徐羨之大兒喬之行欲入廣莫門。 牛徑將入廷尉寺，左右禁捉不能禁。 入方得出。 明日被收。
In the third year of Yuanjia under Emperor Wen of Song, Qiao, eldest son of Minister of Works Xu Xianzhi, was riding out to enter the Guangmo Gate. The ox headed straight for the Court of Prisoners. Attendants tried to seize and hold it but could not. Only after it had entered were they able to lead it out. The next day he was arrested.
93
元嘉二十九年，晉陵送牛，角生右脅，長八尺。 明年二月，東宮為禍。
In the twenty-ninth year of Yuanjia, Jinyang presented an ox with horns growing from its right flank, eight feet long. In the second month of the following year, calamity struck the Eastern Palace.
94
孝武帝大明三年，廣州刺史費淹獻三角水牛。
In the third year of Daming under Emperor Xiaowu, Fei Yan, governor of Guangzhou, presented a three-horned water buffalo.
95
黃眚黃祥
Yellow blights and yellow omens:
96
蜀劉備章武二年，東伐。 二月，自秭歸進屯夷道。 六月，秭歸有黃氣見，長十餘里，廣數十丈。 後踰旬，備為陸議所破。 近黃祥也。
In the second year of Zhangwu, Liu Bei of Shu marched east to attack. In the second month he advanced from Zigui and encamped at Yidao. In the sixth month yellow vapors appeared at Zigui, more than ten li long and several tens of zhang across. A little more than ten days later, Bei was defeated by Lu Yi. This approached a yellow portent.
97
魏齊王正始中，中山王周南為襄邑長。 有鼠從穴出，語曰：「王周南，爾以某日死。」 南不應。 鼠還穴。 後至期，更冠幘皁衣出，語曰：「周南，汝日中當死。」 又不應。 鼠復入，斯須更出，語如向日。 適欲日中，鼠入復出，出復入，轉更數語如前。 日適中，鼠曰：「周南，汝不應我，復何道。」 言絕，顛蹶而死，即失衣冠。 取視，俱如常鼠。 案班固說，此黃祥也。 是時曹爽秉政，競為比周，故鼠作變也。
During the Zhengshi era under the Prince of Qi of Wei, Wang Zhounan of Zhongshan served as magistrate of Xiangyi. A rat emerged from its hole and said, "Wang Zhounan, you are to die on such-and-such a day. Zhounan did not answer. The rat went back into its hole. When the day came, it emerged again wearing a cap and black robes and said, "Zhounan, at midday you will die. Again he did not answer. The rat went back in, then shortly came out again and spoke as before. As midday approached, the rat went in and out again and again, repeating its words as before. At the exact center of the day the rat said, "Zhounan, you will not answer me—what more is there to say? Its speech ended; it toppled over and died, and its cap and robes vanished. When they looked, it was an ordinary rat in every respect. Ban Gu explained that this was a yellow portent. At that time Cao Shuang dominated the government and factions collided against one another, so the rat took this strange form.
98
宋孝武大明七年春，太湖邊忽多鼠。 其年夏，水至，悉變成鯉魚。 民人一日取，轉得三五十斛。 明年，大飢。
In the spring of the seventh year of Daming under Emperor Xiaowu, rats suddenly multiplied along the shore of Tai Lake. That summer the flood came, and they all turned into carp. In a single day the people could catch thirty to fifty piculs. The following year brought great famine.
99
晉元帝太興四年八月，黃霧四塞，埃氣蔽天。 案楊宣對，近土氣，亂之祥也。
In the eighth month of the fourth year of Taixing under Emperor Yuan of Jin, yellow fog sealed the four quarters and dusty vapor shrouded the sky. Yang Xuan explained that this approached the qi of earth—the portent of disorder.
100
晉元帝永昌二年正月癸巳，黃霧四塞。
On the first day guisi of the first month of the second year of Yongchang under Emperor Yuan of Jin, yellow fog closed in on all four sides.
101
晉穆帝永和七年三月，涼州大風拔木，黃霧下塵。 是時張重華納譖，出謝艾為酒泉太守，而所任非其人。 至九年死，嗣子見弒。 是其應也。 京房易傳曰：「聞善不予，茲謂不知。 厥異黃，厥咎聾，厥災不嗣。 黃者，有黃濁氣四塞天下，蔽賢絕道，故災至絕世也。」
In the third month of the seventh year of Yonghe under Emperor Mu of Jin, Liangzhou had a great wind that uprooted trees, and yellow fog brought dust down from the sky. At that time Zhang Chonghua heeded slander, dismissed Xie Ai from the governorship of Jiuquan, and appointed someone unfit for the post. By the ninth year he was dead, and his heir was assassinated. This was the correspondence. Jing Fang's "Commentary on the Changes" says: "To hear of goodness yet grant no reward is called ignorance. Its portent is yellow; its fault is deafness; its disaster is the cutting off of succession. Yellow means turbid yellow qi sealing the world on every side, blocking the worthy and severing the Way—so disaster ends the line."
102
晉安帝元興元年十月丙申朔，黃霧皆濁，不雨。
On the first day bingshen of the tenth month of the first year of Xingyuan under Emperor An of Jin, the yellow fog was thick and murky, and no rain fell.
103
宋文帝元嘉十八年秋七月，天有黃光，洞照于地。 太子率更令何承天謂之榮光，太平之祥，上表稱慶。
In the seventh month of autumn of the eighteenth year of Yuanjia under Emperor Wen of Song, yellow light filled the sky and shone down upon the earth. He Chengtian, Director of the Crown Prince's Household, called it glorious radiance and an omen of great peace, and submitted a memorial of congratulation.
104
地震
Earthquakes:
105
吳孫權黃武四年，江東地連震。 是時權受魏爵命，為大將軍、吳王，改元專制，不修臣迹。 京房易傳曰：「臣事雖正，專必震。」 董仲舒、劉向並云「臣下強盛，將動而為害」之應也。
In the fourth year of Huangwu under Sun Quan of Wu, the lands east of the Yangzi shook again and again. At that time Sun Quan accepted enfeoffment and orders from Wei as Grand General and King of Wu, changed the era name, ruled autonomously, and no longer kept the demeanor of a subject. Jing Fang's "Commentary on the Changes" says: "Though a minister's conduct is upright, exclusive power will bring earthquake. Dong Zhongshen and Liu Xiang both said this was the correspondence of powerful ministers below stirring to do harm.
106
魏明帝青龍二年十一月，京都地震，從東來，隱隱有聲，屋瓦搖。
In the eleventh month of the second year of Qinglong under Emperor Ming of Wei, the capital shook. The tremor came from the east with a faint rumble, and roof tiles rattled.
107
魏明帝景初元年六月戊申，京都地震。 是秋，吳將朱然圍江夏，荊州刺史胡質擊退之。 又公孫淵自立為燕王，改年，置百官。 明年，討平之。
On the day wushen of the sixth month of the first year of Jingchu under Emperor Ming of Wei, the capital shook. That autumn the Wu general Zhu Ran besieged Jiangxia, and the inspector Hu Zhi drove him back. Gongsun Yuan also declared himself King of Yan, changed the era name, and established a full bureaucracy. The following year he was suppressed and destroyed.
108
吳孫權嘉禾六年五月，江東地震。
In the fifth month of the sixth year of Jiahe under Sun Quan of Wu, the lands east of the Yangzi shook.
109
赤烏二年正月，地又再震。 是時呂壹專政，步騭上疏曰：「伏聞校事，吹毛求瑕，趣欲陷人，成其威福，無罪無辜，橫受重刑，雖有大臣，不見信任。 如此，天地焉得無變。 故嘉禾六年、赤烏二年，地連震動，臣下專政之應也。 冀所以警悟人主，可不深思其意哉。」 壹後卒敗。
In the first month of the second year of Chiwu, the ground shook again. At that time Lü Yi dominated the government. Bu Zhi submitted a memorial saying, "I hear that investigatorial officers pick at the smallest flaws, eager to entrap men and build their power. The innocent suffer harsh punishment, and even great ministers are not trusted. How then could Heaven and Earth remain unchanged? Therefore the earthquakes of the sixth year of Jiahe and the second year of Chiwu were the correspondence of ministers' monopoly on power. He hoped thereby to awaken the ruler—could the sovereign not ponder its meaning deeply?" Lü Yi was eventually overthrown.
110
魏齊王正始二年十一月，南安郡地震。
In the eleventh month of the second year of Zhengshi under the Prince of Qi of Wei, Nan'an commandery shook.
111
正始三年七月甲申，南安郡地震； 十二月，魏郡地震。
On the day jiashen of the seventh month of the third year of Zhengshi, Nan'an commandery shook; in the twelfth month Wei commandery shook.
112
正始六年二月丁卯，南安郡地震。 是時曹爽專政，遷太后于永寧宮，太后與帝相泣而別。 連年地震，是其應也。
On the day dingmao of the second month of the sixth year of Zhengshi, Nan'an commandery shook. At that time Cao Shuang dominated the government, moved the empress dowager to Yongning Palace, and she and the emperor wept as they parted. Earthquakes year after year were its correspondence.
113
吳孫權赤烏十一年二月，江東地仍震。 是時權聽讒，尋黜朱據，廢太子。
In the second month of the eleventh year of Chiwu under Sun Quan of Wu, the lands east of the Yangzi still shook. At that time Sun Quan heeded slander, soon dismissed Zhu Ju, and deposed the crown prince.
114
蜀劉禪炎興元年，蜀地震。 時宦人黃皓專權。 按司馬彪說，奄宦無陽施，猶婦人也。 此皓見任之應，與漢和帝時同事也。 是冬蜀亡。
In the first year of Yanying under Liu Shan of Shu, Shu shook. At that time the eunuch Huang Hao held exclusive power. Sima Biao explained that palace eunuchs exert no yang influence, being like women. This was the correspondence of Hao's rise to power, the same pattern as under Emperor He of Han. That winter Shu fell.
115
晉武帝泰始五年四月辛酉，地震。 是年冬，新平氐、羌叛。 明年，孫晧大遣眾入渦口。 叛虜寇秦、涼，刺史胡烈、蘇愉並為所害。
On the day xinyou of the fourth month of the fifth year of Taishi under Emperor Wu of Jin, the earth shook. That winter the Di and Qiang of Xinping rebelled. The following year Sun Hao sent a great army into Wokou. Rebel tribes raided Qin and Liang, and the inspectors Hu Lie and Su Yu were both slain.
116
泰始七年六月丙申，地震。 武帝世，始於賈充，終於楊駿，阿黨昧利，苟專權寵，終喪天下，由是也。 末年所任轉敝，故亦一年六震，是其應也。 裴叔則曰：「晉德所以不比隆堯、舜者，以有賈充諸人在朝。」
On the day bingshen of the sixth month of the seventh year of Taishi, the earth shook. Throughout Emperor Wu's reign, from Jia Chong to Yang Jun, cliques pursued profit in darkness and hoarded power, until the realm was lost—by this very course. In his later years his appointments grew ever worse, and so there were six earthquakes in a single year—the correspondence. Pei Shuzhe said, "Jin virtue could not rival the glory of Yao and Shun because men such as Jia Chong sat in court."
117
晉武帝咸寧二年八月庚辰，河南、河東、平陽地震。
On the day gengchen of the eighth month of the second year of Xianning under Emperor Wu of Jin, Henan, Hedong, and Pingyang shook.
118
咸寧四年六月丁未，陰平、廣武地震； 甲子，陰平、廣武地又震。
On the day dingwei of the sixth month of the fourth year of Xianning, Yinping and Guangwu shook; on the day jiazi Yinping and Guangwu shook again.
119
晉武帝太康二年二月庚申，淮南、丹陽地震。
On the day gengshen of the second month of the second year of Taikang under Emperor Wu of Jin, Huainan and Danyang shook.
120
太康五年二月壬辰，地震。
On the day renchen of the second month of the fifth year of Taikang, the earth shook.
121
太康六年七月己丑，地震。
On the day jichou of the seventh month of the sixth year of Taikang, the earth shook.
122
太康七年七月，南安、犍為地震； 八月，京兆地震。
In the seventh month of the seventh year of Taikang, Nan'an and Qianwei were shaken by earthquake; In the eighth month, Jingzhao was shaken by earthquake.
123
太康八年五月壬子，建安地震； 七月，陰平地震； 八月，丹陽地震。
On the renzi day of the fifth month of the eighth year of Taikang, Jian'an was shaken by earthquake; In the seventh month, Yinping was shaken by earthquake; In the eighth month, Danyang was shaken by earthquake.
124
太康九年正月，會稽、丹陽、吳興地震； 四月辛酉，長沙、南海等郡國八地震； 七月至于八月，地又四震，其三有聲如雷。
In the first month of the ninth year of Taikang, Kuaiji, Danyang, and Wuxing were shaken by earthquake; On the xinyou day of the fourth month, Changsha, Nanhai, and eight other commanderies and kingdoms were shaken by earthquake; From the seventh month through the eighth, the earth quaked four more times; three of them roared like thunder.
125
太康十年十二月己亥，丹陽地震。
On the jihai day of the twelfth month of the tenth year of Taikang, Danyang was shaken by earthquake.
126
晉武帝太熙元年，地震。
In the first year of Taixi under Emperor Wu of Jin, there was an earthquake.
127
晉惠帝元康元年十二月辛酉，京都地震。
On the xinyou day of the twelfth month of the first year of Yuankang under Emperor Hui of Jin, the capital was shaken by earthquake.
128
元康四年二月，蜀郡山崩殺人； 上谷、上庸、遼東地震。 五月壬子，壽春山崩，洪水出，城壞，地墜方三十丈。 六月，壽春大雷震，山崩地坼，家人陷死，上庸郡亦如之。 八月，上谷地震，水出，殺百餘人。 居庸地裂，廣三十六丈，長八十四丈，水出，大饑。 上庸四處山崩地陷，廣三十丈，長百三十丈，水出殺人。 十月，京都地震； 十一月，滎陽、襄城、汝陰、梁國、南陽地皆震； 十二月，京都又震。 是時賈后亂朝，據權專制，終至禍敗之應也。 漢鄧太后攝政時，郡國地震。 李固以為：「地，陰也，法當安靜。 今乃越陰之職，專陽之政，故應以震。」 此同事也。 京房易傳曰：「無德專祿，茲謂不順。 厥震動，丘陵涌水出。」 又曰：「小人剝廬，厥妖山崩。 茲謂陰乘陽，弱勝強。」 又曰：「陰背陽，則地裂。 父子分離，夷、羌叛去。」
In the second month of the fourth year of Yuankang, mountains in Shu commandery collapsed and killed people; Shanggu, Shangyong, and Liaodong were shaken by earthquake. On the renzi day of the fifth month, the mountains at Shouyang collapsed, floodwaters burst forth, the city was ruined, and a thirty-zhang-square section of ground subsided. In the sixth month, Shouyang was struck by great thunder and earthquake; mountains collapsed and the earth split open; households were swallowed and people perished; Shangyong commandery suffered the same. In the eighth month, Shanggu was shaken by earthquake; water burst forth and killed more than a hundred people. The ground at Juyong split open thirty-six zhang wide and eighty-four zhang long; water burst forth; and a great famine followed. At four places in Shangyong mountains collapsed and the earth sank, thirty zhang wide and one hundred thirty zhang long; water burst forth and killed people. In the tenth month, the capital was shaken by earthquake; In the eleventh month, the lands of Xingyang, Xiangcheng, Ruyin, Liang, and Nanyang all quaked; In the twelfth month, the capital quaked again. At this time Empress Jia threw the court into disorder, seized power, and ruled autocratically—the omen that foretold her eventual ruin. When Empress Dowager Deng of Han held the regency, commanderies and kingdoms were shaken by earthquake. Li Gu held that: "Earth is yin and by principle ought to be tranquil. Now it has overstepped yin's office and monopolized yang's government; therefore it responds with quaking." This is the same circumstance. Jing Fang's Commentary on the Changes says: "Without virtue yet monopolizing emolument—this is called noncompliance. Its response is quaking; hills and mounds gush water forth. It also says: "Petty men strip the lodge; its portent is mountains collapsing. This is called yin riding yang—the weak overcoming the strong. It also says: "When yin turns its back on yang, the earth splits open. Father and son are separated; the Yi and Qiang rebel and depart."
129
元康五年五月丁丑，地震； 六月，金城地震。
On the dingchou day of the fifth month of the fifth year of Yuankang, there was an earthquake; In the sixth month, Jincheng was shaken by earthquake.
130
元康六年正月丁丑，地震。
On the dingchou day of the first month of the sixth year of Yuankang, there was an earthquake.
131
元康八年正月丙辰，地震。
On the bingchen day of the first month of the eighth year of Yuankang, there was an earthquake.
132
晉惠帝太安元年十月，地震。 是時齊王冏專政。
In the tenth month of the first year of Tai'an under Emperor Hui of Jin, there was an earthquake. At this time the Prince of Qi, Sima Jiong, held sole power over the government.
133
太安二年十二月丙辰，地震。 是時長沙王專政。
On the bingchen day of the twelfth month of the second year of Tai'an, there was an earthquake. At this time the Prince of Changsha held sole power over the government.
134
晉孝懷帝永嘉三年十月，荊、湘二州地震。 時司馬越專政。
In the tenth month of the third year of Yongjia under Emperor Huai of Jin, Jing and Xiang provinces were shaken by earthquake. At this time Sima Yue held sole power over the government.
135
永嘉四年四月，兗州地震。
In the fourth month of the fourth year of Yongjia, Yan province was shaken by earthquake.
136
晉愍帝建興二年四月甲辰，地震。 是時幼主在上，權傾於下，四方雲擾，兵亂不息。
On the jiachen day of the fourth month of the second year of Jianxing under Emperor Min of Jin, there was an earthquake. At this time a young sovereign sat on the throne while power leaned to those below; the four quarters seethed and military disorder did not cease.
137
建興三年六月丁卯，長安地震。
On the dingmao day of the sixth month of the third year of Jianxing, Chang'an was shaken by earthquake.
138
晉元帝太興元年四月，西平地震，涌水出； 十二月，廬陵、豫章、武昌、西陵地震，山崩。 干寶曰：「王敦陵上之應。」
In the fourth month of the first year of Taixing under Emperor Yuan of Jin, Xiping was shaken by earthquake and water gushed forth; In the twelfth month, Luling, Yuzhang, Wuchang, and Xiling were shaken by earthquake and mountains collapsed. Gan Bao said: "This was the omen of Wang Dun's arrogation toward the sovereign."
139
太興二年五月癸丑，祁山地震，山崩殺人。 是時相國南陽王保在祁山稱晉王，不終之象也。
On the guichou day of the fifth month of the second year of Taixing, Qishan was shaken by earthquake; mountains collapsed and killed people. At this time the Chief Minister, the Prince of Nanyang, Bao, at Qishan styled himself King of Jin—an omen that his enterprise would not succeed.
140
太興三年四月庚寅，丹陽、吳郡、晉陵地震。 其年，南平郡山崩，出雄黃數千斤。
On the gengyin day of the fourth month of the third year of Taixing, Danyang, Wu commandery, and Jinling were shaken by earthquake. That year, mountains in Nanping commandery collapsed, yielding several thousand jin of realgar.
141
晉成帝咸和二年三月，益州地震； 四月己未，豫章地震。 是年，蘇峻作亂。
In the third month of the second year of Xianhe under Emperor Cheng of Jin, Yizhou was shaken by earthquake; On the jiwei day of the fourth month, Yuzhang was shaken by earthquake. That year, Su Jun raised rebellion.
142
咸和九年三月丁酉，會稽地震。 是時政在臣下。
On the dingyou day of the third month of the ninth year of Xianhe, Kuaiji was shaken by earthquake. At this time government lay with subjects below the throne.
143
晉穆帝永和元年六月癸亥，地震。 是時嗣主幼沖，母后稱制，政在臣下，所以連年地震。
On the guihai day of the sixth month of the first year of Yonghe under Emperor Mu of Jin, there was an earthquake. At this time the heir was young and the empress dowager held the regency; government lay with subjects below the throne—hence earthquakes year after year.
144
永和二年十月，地震。
In the tenth month of the second year of Yonghe, there was an earthquake.
145
永和三年正月丙辰，地震。
On the bingchen day of the first month of the third year of Yonghe, there was an earthquake.
146
永和四年十月己未，地震。
On the jiwei day of the tenth month of the fourth year of Yonghe, there was an earthquake.
147
永和五年正月庚寅，地震。
On the gengyin day of the first month of the fifth year of Yonghe, there was an earthquake.
148
永和九年八月丁酉，京都地震，有聲如雷。
On the dingyou day of the eighth month of the ninth year of Yonghe, the capital was shaken by earthquake with a sound like thunder.
149
永和十年正月丁卯，地震，有聲如雷，雞雉鳴呴。
On the dingmao day of the first month of the tenth year of Yonghe, there was an earthquake with a sound like thunder; chickens and pheasants crowed and called in alarm.
150
永和十一年四月乙酉，地震； 五月丁未，地震。
On the yiyou day of the fourth month of the eleventh year of Yonghe, there was an earthquake; On the dingwei day of the fifth month, there was an earthquake.
151
晉穆帝升平五年八月，涼州地震。
In the eighth month of the fifth year of Shengping under Emperor Mu of Jin, Liang province was shaken by earthquake.
152
晉哀帝隆和元年四月甲戌，地震。 是時政在將相，人主南面而已。
On the jiaxu day of the fourth month of the first year of Longhe under Emperor Ai of Jin, there was an earthquake. At this time government lay with generals and ministers; the sovereign merely faced south upon the throne.
153
隆和元年四月丁丑，涼州地震，浩亹山崩。 張天錫降亡之象也。
On the dingchou day of the fourth month of the first year of Longhe, Liang province was shaken by earthquake and the Haowan mountains collapsed. This was an omen of Zhang Tianxi's surrender and ruin.
154
隆和二年二月庚寅，三月丙戌朔，初五日庚寅。 興寧二年三月庚戌朔，亦無庚寅。 江陵地震。 是時桓溫專政。
Second year of Longhe: gengyin in the second month; bingxu new moon in the third month, fifth day gengyin. Second year of Xingning: gengxu new moon in the third month—likewise no gengyin day occurs. Jiangling was shaken by earthquake. At this time Huan Wen held sole power over the government.
155
晉海西太和元年二月，涼州地震水涌。
In the second month of the first year of Taihe under the Deposed Emperor of the West of Jin, Liang province was shaken by earthquake and water gushed forth.
156
晉簡文帝咸安二年十月辛未，安成地震。
On the xinwei day of the tenth month of the second year of Xian'an under Emperor Jianwen of Jin, Ancheng was shaken by earthquake.
157
晉孝武帝寧康元年十月辛未，地震。 是時嗣主幼沖，政在將相。
On the xinwei day of the tenth month of the first year of Ningkang under Emperor Xiaowu of Jin, there was an earthquake. At this time the heir was young; government lay with generals and ministers.
158
寧康二年七月甲午，涼州地震山崩。
On the jiawu day of the seventh month of the second year of Ningkang, Liang province was shaken by earthquake and mountains collapsed.
159
晉孝武帝太元二年閏月壬午，地震； 五月丁丑，地震。
In the intercalary month, on the renwu day of the second year of Taiyuan under Emperor Xiaowu of Jin, there was an earthquake; On the dingchou day of the fifth month, there was an earthquake.
160
太元十一年六月己卯，地震。 是後緣河諸將，連歲兵役。
On the jimao day of the sixth month of the eleventh year of Taiyuan, there was an earthquake. After this the generals along the Yellow River were conscripted for warfare year after year.
161
太元十五年三月己酉朔夜，地震。
On the night of the jiyou new moon in the third month of the fifteenth year of Taiyuan, there was an earthquake.
162
太元十七年六月癸卯，地震； 十二月己未，地又震。 是時羣小弄權，天下側目。
On the guimao day of the sixth month of the seventeenth year of Taiyuan, there was an earthquake; On the jiwei day of the twelfth month, the earth quaked again. At this time petty men wielded power; all under Heaven watched with sidelong glances.
163
太元十八年正月癸亥朔，地震； 二月乙未，地震。
On the guihai new moon of the first month of the eighteenth year of Taiyuan, there was an earthquake; On the yiwei day of the second month, there was an earthquake.
164
晉安帝隆安四年九月癸酉，地震。 是時幼主沖昧，政在臣下。
On the guiyou day of the ninth month of the fourth year of Long'an under Emperor An of Jin, there was an earthquake. At this time the young sovereign was immature; government lay with subjects below the throne.
165
晉安帝義熙四年正月壬子夜，地震有聲； 十月癸亥，地震。
On the night of the renzi day of the first month of the fourth year of Yixi under Emperor An of Jin, there was an earthquake with sound; On the guihai day of the tenth month, there was an earthquake.
166
義熙五年正月戊戌夜，尋陽地震，有聲如雷。 明年，盧循下。
On the night of the wuxu day of the first month of the fifth year of Yixi, Xunyang was shaken by earthquake with a sound like thunder. The following year, Lu Xun descended in invasion.
167
義熙八年，自正月至四月，南康、廬陵地四震。 明年，王旅西討荊、益。
In the eighth year of Yixi, from the first month through the fourth, the lands of Nankang and Luling quaked four times. The following year, the imperial army marched west to campaign against Jing and Yi.
168
宋文帝元嘉七年四月丙辰，地震。 時遣軍經略司、兗。
On the bingchen day of the fourth month of the seventh year of Yuanjia under Emperor Wen of Song, the earth shook. At that time armies were sent to conduct operations in Si and Yan provinces.
169
元嘉十二年四月丙辰，京邑地震。
On the bingchen day of the fourth month of the twelfth year of Yuanjia, the capital region was shaken by an earthquake.
170
元嘉十五年七月辛未，地震。
On the xinwei day of the seventh month of the fifteenth year of Yuanjia, the earth shook.
171
元嘉十六年，地震。
In the sixteenth year of Yuanjia, there was an earthquake.
172
孝武帝大明二年四月辛丑，地震。
On the xinchou day of the fourth month of the second year of Daming under Emperor Xiaowu of Song, the earth shook.
173
大明六年七月甲申，地震，有聲自河北來，魯郡山搖地動，彭城城女牆四百八十丈墜落，屋室傾倒，兗州地裂泉涌，二年不已。 其後虜主死，兗州刺史夏侯祖權卒。
On the jiashen day of the seventh month of the sixth year of Daming, an earthquake struck. A rumble rolled down from north of the Yellow River; in Lu commandery mountains shook and the ground heaved; at Pengcheng four hundred eighty zhang of parapet crashed down and houses collapsed; in Yan province the earth split open and springs burst forth, and the turmoil did not end for two years. Afterward the barbarian ruler died, and Xiahou Zuquan, governor of Yan, died as well.
174
明帝泰始二年四月，地震。
In the fourth month of the second year of Taishi under Emperor Ming of Song, the earth shook.
175
泰始四年七月己酉，東北有聲如雷，地震。
On the jiyou day of the seventh month of the fourth year of Taishi, the northeast thundered and the earth shook.
176
明帝泰豫元年閏七月甲申，東北有聲如雷，地震。
In the intercalary seventh month of the first year of Taiyu under Emperor Ming, on the jiashen day the northeast thundered and the earth shook.
177
後廢帝元徽二年四月戊申，地震。
On the wushen day of the fourth month of the second year of Yuanhui under the Deposed Emperor, the earth shook.
178
元徽五年五月戊申，地震。 七月，帝殞。
On the wushen day of the fifth month of the fifth year of Yuanhui, the earth shook again. In the seventh month the emperor died.
179
宋文帝元嘉二十五年，青州城南地，遠望見地中如水有影，人馬百物皆見影中，積年乃滅。
In the twenty-fifth year of Yuanjia under Emperor Wen of Song, south of Qingzhou city, one could see from afar what looked like water shimmering in the earth, with men, horses, and every sort of thing mirrored in it; the vision lingered for years before it faded.
180
山崩地陷裂
When mountains collapse and the earth sinks and splits:
181
吳孫權赤烏十年三八月，丹楊、句容及故鄣、寧國諸山崩，鴻水溢。 按劉向說，「山，陽，君也； 水，陰，民也。 天戒若曰，君道崩壞，百姓將失其所也」。 與春秋梁山崩，漢齊、楚眾山發水同事也。 「夫三代命祀，祭不越望，吉凶禍福，不是過也」。 吳雖帝，其實列國，災發丹楊，其天意矣。 國主山川，山崩川竭，亡之徵也。 後二年而權薨，薨二十六年而吳亡。
In the intercalary eighth month of the tenth year of Chiwu under Sun Quan of Wu, mountains collapsed at Danyang, Jurong, Gucheng, and Ningguo, and the great floods burst their banks. Liu Xiang explained: "Mountains belong to yang and stand for the ruler; water belongs to yin and stands for the people. Heaven's warning seems to say: the ruler's way will crumble and the common people will lose their home." This is the same kind of event as when Mount Liang collapsed in the Spring and Autumn Annals and when the many mountains of Qi and Chu in Han disgorged floods. "In the three dynasties the ordained sacrifices did not extend beyond what one could see from the border shrine; good and ill fortune did not pass beyond one's own domain." Though Wu styled itself an empire, in truth it was only a feudal state; when disaster struck Danyang, that was Heaven's intent. The state holds dominion over mountains and rivers; when mountains collapse and rivers run dry, that is a sign of extinction. Two years later Sun Quan died; twenty-six years after his death Wu fell.
182
魏元帝咸熙二年二月，太行山崩。 此魏亡之徵也。 其冬，晉有天下。
In the second month of the second year of Xixi under Emperor Yuan of Wei, Mount Taihang collapsed. This was a sign that Wei would perish. That winter Jin took possession of the realm.
183
晉武帝泰始三年三月戊子，太行山崩。
On the wuzi day of the third month of the third year of Taishi under Emperor Wu of Jin, Mount Taihang collapsed.
184
泰始四年七月，泰山崩，墜三里。 此晉之咎徵也。 至帝晏駕，而祿去王室，懷、愍淪胥於北，元帝中興於南，是其應也。 京房易傳曰：「自上下者為崩，厥應泰山之石顛而下，聖王受命，人君虜。」
In the seventh month of the fourth year of Taishi, Mount Tai collapsed and three li of its mass fell away. This was an ominous sign for Jin. When the emperor died, the royal house lost its sustenance; Emperors Huai and Min were overrun in the north while Emperor Yuan revived the dynasty in the south—this was the correspondence. Jing Fang's "Commentary on the Changes" says: "What falls from on high is collapse; its correspondence is stones on Mount Tai tumbling down—the sage king receives the mandate, and the ruler is taken captive."
185
晉武帝太康五年丙午，宣帝廟地陷。
In the fifth year of Taikang under Emperor Wu of Jin, on the bingwu day the ground at Emperor Xuan's temple sank.
186
太康六年三月，南安新興縣山崩，涌水出。
In the third month of the sixth year of Taikang, mountains collapsed in Nan'an and Xinxing counties and gushing water burst out.
187
太康七年七月，朱提之大瀘山崩，震壞郡舍； 陰平之仇池崖隕。
In the seventh month of the seventh year of Taikang, Mount Dalu in Zhuti collapsed, shaking the ground and wrecking the commandery offices; and the cliffs at Chou Pool in Yinping gave way.
188
太康八年七月，大雨。 殿前地陷，方五尺，深數丈。
In the seventh month of the eighth year of Taikang, torrential rain fell. Before the palace hall the ground sank into a pit five feet square and several zhang deep.
189
晉惠帝元康四年五月壬子，地陷，方三十丈，殺人。 史闕其處。
On the renzi day of the fifth month of the fourth year of Yuankang under Emperor Hui of Jin, the ground collapsed into a pit thirty zhang across, killing people. The historical record does not name the place.
190
元康四年八月，居庸地裂，廣三十丈，長百三十丈，水出殺人。
In the eighth month of the fourth year of Yuankang, the ground at Juyong split open thirty zhang wide and one hundred thirty zhang long; water gushed out and killed people.
191
晉孝懷帝永嘉元年三月，洛陽東北步廣里地陷。
In the third month of the first year of Yongjia under Emperor Xiaohuai of Jin, the ground sank at Buguang Ward northeast of Luoyang.
192
永嘉二年八月乙亥，鄄城城無故自壞七十餘丈，司馬越惡之，遷于濮陽。 此見沴之異也。 越卒陵上，終亦受禍。
On the yihai day of the eighth month of the second year of Yongjia, more than seventy zhang of the wall at Yancheng collapsed for no apparent reason; Sima Yue took it as a dire omen and moved his seat to Puyang. This was a visible manifestation of malign cosmic influence. Yue died while lording it over his sovereign, and in the end suffered calamity himself.
193
永嘉三年七月戊辰，當陽地裂三所，所廣三丈，長二百餘步。 京房易傳曰：「地坼裂者，臣下分離，不肯相從也。」 其後司馬越、苟晞交惡，四方牧伯莫不離散，王室遂亡。
On the wuchen day of the seventh month of the third year of Yongjia, the ground at Dangyang split open in three places, each three zhang wide and more than two hundred paces long. Jing Fang's "Commentary on the Changes" says: "When the earth splits and cracks, ministers and subordinates divide and refuse to follow one another." Afterward Sima Yue and Gou Xi turned on each other; provincial governors throughout the realm scattered, and the royal house fell.
194
永嘉三年十月，宜都夷道山崩。
In the tenth month of the third year of Yongjia, Mount Yidao in Yidu collapsed.
195
永嘉四年四月，湘東酃黑石山崩。
In the fourth month of the fourth year of Yongjia, Mount Heishi at Ling in Xiangdong collapsed.
196
晉元帝太興四年八月，常山崩，水出，滹沱盈溢，大木傾拔。
In the eighth month of the fourth year of Taixing under Emperor Yuan of Jin, Mount Chang collapsed; water burst out, the Hutuo River overflowed, and great trees were uprooted.
197
晉成帝咸和四年十月，柴桑廬山西北崖崩。 十二月，劉胤為郭默所殺。
In the tenth month of the fourth year of Xianhe under Emperor Cheng of Jin, the northwest cliffs of Mount Lu at Chaisang collapsed. In the twelfth month Liu Yin was killed by Guo Mo.
198
晉惠帝元康九年六月夜，暴雷雨。 賈謐齋屋柱陷入地，壓謐牀帳。 此木沴土，土失其性，不能載也。 明年，謐誅。
One night in the sixth month of the ninth year of Yuankang under Emperor Hui of Jin, a sudden thunderstorm broke. A pillar of Jia Mi's study hall sank into the earth and crushed his bed curtains. This was wood malignly overcoming earth; earth lost its proper nature and could no longer bear weight. The following year Jia Mi was executed.
199
晉惠帝光熙元年五月，范陽地然，可以爨。 此火沴土也。 是時禮樂征伐自諸侯出。
In the fifth month of the first year of Guangxi under Emperor Hui of Jin, the ground at Fanyang caught fire and could be used to cook food. This was fire malignly overcoming earth. At that time ritual, music, war, and punishment all issued from the feudal lords.
200
晉安帝義熙八年三月壬寅，山陰有聲如雷，地陷深廣各四尺。
On the renyin day of the third month of the eighth year of Yixi under Emperor An of Jin, Shanyin thundered and the ground sank into a pit four feet deep and four feet across.
201
義熙十年五月戊寅，西明門地穿，涌水出，毀門扇及限。 此水沴土也。
On the wuyin day of the fifth month of the tenth year of Yixi, the ground at the Ximing Gate broke open, gushing water destroyed the gate panels and thresholds. This was water malignly overcoming earth.
202
五行傳曰：「皇之不極，是謂不建。 厥咎眊，厥罰恒陰，厥極弱。 時則有射妖，時則有龍蛇之孽，時則有馬禍，時則有下人伐上之痾，時則有日月亂行，星辰逆行。」
The "Treatise on the Five Elements" says: "When the imperial pole is not established, this is called failure to build the foundation. Its fault is dim-sightedness, its punishment unending yin, its extremity weakness. Then come shooting portents; then calamities of dragons and serpents; then equine disasters; then the malady of inferiors striking superiors; then sun and moon run awry and stars move backward."
203
常陰
Constant yin:
204
吳孫亮太平三年，自八月沈陰不雨，四十餘日。 是時將誅孫綝，謀泄。 九月戊午，綝以兵圍宮，廢亮為會稽王。 此常陰之罰也。
In the third year of Taiping under Sun Liang of Wu, from the eighth month a heavy, sunless gloom without rain lasted more than forty days. At that time a plot was underway to kill Sun Chen, but the conspiracy leaked out. On the wuwu day of the ninth month, Chen surrounded the palace with troops and deposed Liang as King of Kuaiji. This was the punishment of constant yin.
205
吳孫晧寶鼎元年十二月，太史奏久陰不雨，將有陰謀。 晧深驚懼。 時陸凱等謀因其謁廟廢之。 及出，留平領兵前驅，凱語平，平不許，是以不果。 晧既肆虐，羣下多懷異圖，終至降亡。
In the twelfth month of the first year of Baoding under Sun Hao of Wu, the Grand Astrologer reported prolonged yin without rain and warned that a secret plot was forming. Hao was deeply alarmed and afraid. At that time Lu Kai and others plotted to depose him when he went out to worship at the ancestral temple. When Hao went out, Liu Ping led the vanguard; Kai confided in Ping, but Ping refused, and so the plot came to nothing. Once Hao had turned tyrannical, many of his followers harbored other designs, and in the end the state surrendered and perished.
206
宋後廢帝元徽三年四月，連陰不雨。
In the fourth month of the third year of Yuanhui under the Deposed Emperor of Song, unbroken overcast skies brought no rain.
207
元徽三年八月，多陰。 後二年，廢帝殞。
In the eighth month of the third year of Yuanhui, yin predominated. Two years later the Deposed Emperor died.
208
射妖
Shooting portents:
209
蜀車騎將軍鄧芝征涪陵，見玄猿緣山，手射中之。 猿拔其箭，卷木葉塞其創。 芝曰：「嘻！ 吾違物之性，其將死矣。」 俄而卒。 此射妖也。 一曰猿母抱子，芝射中之，子為拔箭，取木葉塞創。 芝歎息，投弓水中，自知當死矣。
When Deng Zhi of Shu, General of Chariots and Cavalry, campaigned against Fuling, he saw a dark ape climbing the mountain and shot it with his own hand. The ape pulled out the arrow and packed tree leaves into the wound. Zhi said, "Alas! I have violated the nature of living things; I am about to die." Soon afterward he died. This was a shooting portent. Another account says the mother ape was carrying her young; Zhi shot and hit them; the young pulled out the arrow and stuffed tree leaves into the wound. Zhi sighed, cast his bow into the water, and knew his death was near.
210
晉恭帝之為琅邪王時，好奇戲，嘗閉一馬於門內，令人射之，欲觀幾箭而死。 左右有諫者，曰：「馬，國姓也。 而今射之，不祥甚矣。」 於是乃止，而馬已被十許箭矣。 此蓋射妖也。 俄而桓玄篡位。
When Emperor Gong of Jin was still Prince of Langye, he delighted in strange amusements; once he shut a horse inside a gate and had men shoot it to see how many arrows it would take to kill it. Attendants remonstrated with him, saying, "Horse is the dynastic surname. To shoot it now is a grave ill omen." He then stopped, but the horse had already been pierced by some ten arrows. This was likely a shooting portent. Soon afterward Huan Xuan usurped the throne.
211
龍蛇之孽
Portents of dragons and serpents:
212
魏明帝青龍元年正月甲申，青龍見郟之摩陂井中。 凡瑞興非時，則為妖孽，況困於井，非嘉祥矣。 魏以改年，非也。 晉武不賀，是也。 干寶曰：「自明帝終魏世，青龍黃龍見者，皆其主廢興之應也。 魏土運，青，木色也，而不勝于金，黃得位，青失位之象也。 青龍多見者，君德國運內相剋伐也。 故高貴鄉公卒敗于兵。 案劉向說：『龍貴象，而困井中，諸侯將有幽執之禍也。』 魏世龍莫不在井，此居上者逼制之應。 高貴鄉公著潛龍詩，即此旨也。」
On the jiashen day of the first month of the first year of Qinglong under Emperor Ming of Wei, a green dragon appeared in a well at Mobei in Jia. Whenever an auspicious sign appears out of season, it becomes a portent of disaster; all the more when the creature is trapped in a well—that is no blessed omen. Wei was wrong to change its reign title on this account. Jin Wu was right to refuse congratulations. Gan Bao wrote: "From the end of Emperor Ming's reign through the close of the Wei dynasty, every sighting of a green dragon or yellow dragon was an omen of its ruler's rise or fall. Wei's ruling element was Earth; green is Wood's color, and Wood could not prevail over Metal—yellow held the throne while green lost its seat. The many green dragons signified that royal virtue and national fortune were devouring one another from within. Thus the Duke of Gaogui was at last destroyed in war. Liu Xiang explained: "The dragon is a noble emblem, yet when it is trapped in a well, feudal lords will face the calamity of being held in secret confinement." Throughout Wei, dragons invariably appeared in wells—a sign that those on high were crushing and restraining their sovereign. The Duke of Gaogui composed the "Poem of the Hidden Dragon"—exactly this meaning."
213
魏高貴鄉公正元元年冬十月戊戌，黃龍見于鄴井中。
In the winter of the first year of Zhengyuan under the Duke of Gaogui of Wei, on the wuxu day of the tenth month, a yellow dragon appeared in a well at Ye.
214
魏高貴鄉公甘露元年正月辛丑，青龍見軹縣井中； 六月乙丑，青龍見元城縣界井中。
In the first month of the first year of Ganlu under the Duke of Gaogui of Wei, on the xinchou day, a green dragon appeared in a well at Zhi county; in the sixth month, on the yichou day, a green dragon appeared in a well on the border of Yuancheng county.
215
甘露二年二月，青龍見溫縣井中。
In the second month of the second year of Ganlu, a green dragon appeared in a well at Wen county.
216
甘露三年，黃龍青龍仍見頓丘、冠軍、陽夏縣界井中。
In the third year of Ganlu, yellow and green dragons again appeared in wells on the borders of Dunqiu, Guanjun, and Yangxia counties.
217
景元三年二月，青龍見軹縣井中。
In the second month of the third year of Jingyuan, a green dragon appeared in a well at Zhi county.
218
吳孫晧天冊中，龍乳於長沙民家，啖鷄鶵。 京房易妖曰：「龍乳人家，王者為庶人。」 其後晧降。
During the Tiance reign of Sun Hao of Wu, a dragon nursed in a commoner's house in Changsha and devoured chicks. Jing Fang's Book of Changes omens say: "When a dragon nurses in a commoner's home, the king will become a commoner." Afterward Hao surrendered.
219
晉武帝咸寧二年六月丙申，白龍二見于九原井中。
On the bingshen day of the sixth month of the second year of Xianning under Emperor Wu of Jin, two white dragons appeared in a well at Jiuyuan.
220
晉武帝太康五年正月癸卯，二龍見于武庫井中。 帝見龍，有喜色，百僚將賀。 劉毅獨表曰：「昔龍漦夏庭，禍發周室； 龍見鄭門，子產不賀。」 帝答曰：「朕德政未修，未有以膺受嘉祥。」 遂不賀也。 孫盛曰：「龍，水物也，何與於人，子產言之當矣。 但非其所處，實為妖災。 夫龍以飛翔顯見為美，則潛伏幽處，非休祥也。 漢惠帝二年，兩龍見蘭陵井中，本志以為其後趙王幽死之象也。 武庫者，帝王威御之器所寶藏也，室宇邃密，非龍所處。 後七年，蕃王相害，二十八年，果有二胡僭竊神器。 勒、虎二逆皆字曰龍，此之表異，為有證矣。」 史臣案龍為休瑞，而屈於井中，前史言之已詳。 但兆幽微，非可臆斷，故五行、符瑞兩存之。
On the guimao day of the first month of the fifth year of Taikang under Emperor Wu of Jin, two dragons appeared in the arsenal well. When the emperor saw the dragons, his face brightened; the court officials prepared to offer congratulations. Liu Yi alone submitted a memorial: "Long ago dragon spittle appeared in the Xia court, and calamity broke out in the house of Zhou; when a dragon appeared at the gate of Zheng, Zichan refused to congratulate." The emperor replied, "My virtuous rule is not yet perfected; I have no grounds on which to accept such auspicious signs." Thereupon no congratulations were offered. Sun Sheng wrote: "The dragon belongs to the element of water—what has it to do with mankind? Zichan spoke rightly. But when it appears out of its proper place, it is truly a demonic calamity. A dragon's glory lies in soaring aloft for all to see; to lurk in some hidden recess is no blessed omen. In the second year of Emperor Hui of Han, two dragons appeared in a well at Lanling; this Treatise regards it as the omen of the Prince of Zhao's later death in confinement. The arsenal is where the emperor's awe-inspiring weapons are stored; its chambers are deep and sealed—not a place for dragons. Seven years later the feudal princes turned on one another; twenty-eight years later, two barbarian chieftains indeed usurped the imperial throne. The two rebels Shi Le and Shi Hu both used Long as their style name—here the omen found its proof." The historiographer notes: The dragon is a blessed omen, yet when it is humbled in a well, earlier histories have already spoken at length. Yet the omen is subtle and cannot be guessed at will; therefore both the Five Elements and the auspicious-omens sections preserve the record.
221
晉愍帝建興二年十一月，枹罕羌妓產一龍子，色似錦文，嘗就母乳，遙見神光，少得就視。
In the eleventh month of the second year of Jianxing under Emperor Min of Jin, a Qiang courtesan of Fuhan gave birth to a dragon child patterned like brocade; when it nursed, a divine light shone from afar, and few dared approach for a closer look.
222
晉武帝咸寧中，司徒府有二大蛇，長十許丈，居聽事平橑上，數年而人不知，但怪府中數失小兒及猪犬之屬。 後一蛇夜出，傷於刃，不能去，乃覺之。 發徒攻擊，移時乃死。 夫司徒五教之府，此皇極不建，故蛇孽見之。 漢靈帝時，蛇見御座，楊賜以為帝溺於色之應也。 魏氏宮人猥多，晉又過之，宴游是湎，此其孽也。 詩云：「惟虺惟蛇，女子之祥。」
During the Xianning era under Emperor Wu of Jin, two great serpents more than ten zhang long lived on the rafters of the audience hall in the Minister of Education's office; for years no one knew, though people wondered why the office kept losing small children, pigs, and dogs. Later one serpent emerged at night, was wounded by a blade, and could not retreat—only then was it discovered. Laborers were sent to kill it; after some time it died. The Minister of Education is the seat of the five teachings—here the supreme pole was not firmly established, and so the serpent omen appeared. In the reign of Emperor Ling of Han, a serpent appeared on the imperial throne; Yang Ci interpreted it as a sign that the emperor was drowning in lust. Wei already had an excessive number of palace women; Jin surpassed it, drowning in feasts and pleasure outings—this was the omen. The Odes say: "Only the viper, only the serpent—the omen of a woman."
223
晉惠帝元康五年三月癸巳，臨菑有大蛇長十餘丈，負二小蛇，入城北門，徑從市入漢城陽景王祠中不見。 天戒若曰，齊方有劉章定傾之功，若不厲節忠慎，又將蹈章失職奪功之辱也。 齊王冏不悟，雖建興復之功，而以驕陵取禍。 負二小蛇出朝市，皆有象類也。
On the guisi day of the third month of the fifth year of Yuankang under Emperor Hui of Jin, at Linzi a great serpent more than ten zhang long, bearing two small serpents on its back, entered the city's north gate, passed straight through the market into the shrine of King Jing of Chengyang of Han, and disappeared. Heaven's warning seemed to say: Qi would soon have a Liu Zhang who steadied the realm—but if he did not hold fast to integrity and loyal caution, he would repeat Zhang's disgrace of losing office and having his merit stripped away. The Prince of Qi, Sima Jiong, did not understand; though he had restored the dynasty at Jianxing, through arrogance and bullying he brought ruin on himself. Bearing two small serpents and emerging into the market and the court—all had their symbolic counterparts.
224
晉明帝太寧初，武昌有大蛇，常居故神祠空樹中，每出頭從人受食。 京房易妖曰：「蛇見於邑，不出三年，有大兵。 國有大憂。」 其後討滅王敦及其黨與。
In the early Taining era under Emperor Ming of Jin, at Wuchang a great serpent constantly dwelt in the hollow of an old shrine tree and thrust out its head to be fed by passersby. Jing Fang's Book of Changes omens say: "When a serpent appears in a settlement, within three years great armies will come. The state will know great sorrow." Afterward Wang Dun and his faction were destroyed in punitive campaigns.
225
馬禍
Horse portents:
226
晉武帝太熙原年，遼東有馬生角，在兩耳下，長三寸。 按劉向說，此兵象也。 及帝晏駕之後，王室毒於兵禍，是其應也。 京房易傳曰：「臣易上，政不順，厥妖馬生角。」 又有「天子親伐，馬生角」。 呂氏春秋曰：「人君失道，馬有生角。」
In the first year of Taixi under Emperor Wu of Jin, in Liaodong a horse grew horns beneath both ears, three inches long. According to Liu Xiang's explanation, this is an omen of war. After the emperor's death, the royal house was ravaged by war—this was the fulfillment. Jing Fang's Tradition of Changes says: "When ministers displace their superiors and government is not compliant, the portent is a horse growing horns." There is also: "When the Son of Heaven campaigns in person, horses grow horns." Master Lü's Spring and Autumn Annals says: "When a ruler loses the Way, horses grow horns."
227
晉惠帝元康元年十二月，皇太子將釋奠，太傅趙王倫驂乘，至南城門，馬止，力士推之不能動。 倫入軺車，乃進。 此馬禍也。 天戒若曰，倫不知義方，終為亂逆，非傅導行禮之人。 倫不悟，故亡。
In the twelfth month of the first year of Yuankang under Emperor Hui of Jin, when the crown prince was to perform the capping sacrifice, Grand Tutor Prince of Zhao Lun rode as outrider; at the south gate the horse halted, and even strong men could not push it forward. Lun entered a light carriage, and only then did it move on. This was a horse portent. Heaven's warning seemed to say: Lun did not know righteousness and propriety; in the end he would become a rebel and traitor—not a man fit to tutor the heir and conduct ritual. Lun did not understand, and therefore perished.
228
元康九年十一月戊寅冬，有牝騮馬驚奔至廷尉訊堂，悲鳴而死。 是殆愍懷冤死之象也。 見廷尉訊堂，又天意乎。
On the wuyin day of the eleventh month in the winter of the ninth year of Yuankang, a mare in heat ran in panic to the interrogation hall of the Minister of Justice, wailed in grief, and died. This was likely the omen of Prince Huai's wrongful death. That it appeared at the Minister of Justice's interrogation hall—was that also Heaven's intent?
229
晉孝懷帝永嘉六年二月，神馬鳴南城門。
In the second month of the sixth year of Yongjia under Emperor Huai of Jin, a divine horse neighed at the south gate of the capital.
230
晉元帝太興二年，丹陽郡吏濮陽楊演馬生駒，兩頭自頸前別，生而死。 按司馬彪說，政在私門，二頭之象也。 是後王敦陵上。
In the second year of Taixing under Emperor Yuan of Jin, Yang Yan, a clerk of Danyang commandery living at Jiyang, had a mare foal with two heads branching from the neck forward; it was born and died at once. According to Sima Biao's explanation, government lay in private hands—an omen of two heads. Afterward Wang Dun bullied his sovereign.
231
晉成帝咸康八年五月甲戌，有馬色赤如血，自宣陽門直走入于殿前，盤旋走出，尋逐莫知所在。 己卯，帝不豫，六月崩。 此馬禍，又赤祥也。 張重華在涼州，將誅其西河相張祚，祚廄馬數十匹，同時悉皆無後尾。
On the jiaxu day of the fifth month of the eighth year of Xiankang under Emperor Cheng of Jin, a horse the color of blood ran straight in from Xuanyang Gate into the hall forecourt, circled, and fled; though pursued, none could tell where it went. On the jimao day the emperor fell ill; in the sixth month he died. This was a horse portent, and also a red omen. When Zhang Chonghua was in Liang province, about to execute his Xihai chancellor Zhang Zuo, several dozen horses in Zuo's stable at once lost their tails entirely.
232
晉安帝隆安四年十月，梁州有馬生角，刺史郭銓送示都督桓玄。 案劉向說，馬不當生角，由玄不當舉兵向上也。 覩災不悟，故至夷滅。
In the tenth month of the fourth year of Long'an under Emperor An of Jin, in Liang province a horse grew horns; Governor Guo Quan sent it to display to Supervisor-General Huan Xuan. According to Liu Xiang's explanation, horses ought not grow horns—because Xuan ought not to have raised arms against his superiors. He saw the calamity and did not understand, and therefore was utterly destroyed.
233
人痾
Human anomalies:
234
魏文帝黃初初，清河宋士宗母化為鼈，入水。
In the early Huangchu era under Emperor Wen of Wei, the mother of Song Shizong of Qinghe transformed into a turtle and entered the water.
235
魏明帝太和三年，曹休部曲兵奚農女死復生。 時人有開周世冢，得殉葬女子，數日而有氣，數月而能語。 郭太后愛養之。 又太原民發冢破棺，棺中有一生婦人，問其本事，不知也。 視其墓木，可三十歲。 案京房易傳，至陰為陽，下人為上，晉宣王起之象也。 漢平帝、獻帝並有此異，占以為王莽、曹操之徵。 公孫淵炊，有小兒蒸死甑中，其後夷滅。
In the third year of Taihe under Emperor Ming of Wei, Xi Nong, a woman among the troops under Cao Xiu, died and came back to life. At the time someone opened a Zhou-era tomb and found a sacrificial woman; after several days she drew breath, and after several months she could speak. Empress Dowager Guo took her in and raised her. Also, a man of Taiyuan opened a tomb and broke open the coffin; inside was a living woman; asked about her origins, she did not know. Judging from the tomb timber, it could have been thirty years. According to Jing Fang's Tradition of Changes, when extreme yin becomes yang and inferiors become superiors, this is the omen of the rise of the Jin dynastic founder. Emperors Ping and Xian of Han both had this anomaly; diviners took it as the sign of Wang Mang and Cao Cao. When Gongsun Yuan was cooking, a small child was steamed to death in the pot; afterward he was exterminated.
236
吳孫亮建興二年，諸葛恪將征淮南，有孝子著衰衣入其閤。 詰問，答曰：「不自覺入也。」 時中外守備，亦悉不見。 眾皆異之。 及還，果見殺。 恪已被害，妻在室，使婢沃盥，聞婢血臰。 又眼目視瞻非常，妻問其故，婢蹷然躍起，頭至棟，攘臂切齒曰：「諸葛公乃為峻所殺。」
In the second year of Jianxing under Sun Liang of Wu, when Zhuge Ke was about to campaign against Huainan, a filial son in mourning garments entered his headquarters. When questioned, he answered, "I entered without knowing how." At the time inner and outer guards were all in place, yet none had seen him enter. Everyone regarded it as strange. When he returned, he was indeed killed. After Ke had been killed, his wife was in the chamber and had a maid pour water for washing; she smelled blood and stench on the maid. The maid's eyes and gaze were also strange; when the wife asked why, the maid suddenly leaped up, her head reaching the rafters, flung her arms and gnashed her teeth, crying: "Lord Zhuge was killed by Sun Jun!"
237
吳孫休永安四年，安吳民陳焦死七日，復穿冢出。 干寶曰：「此與漢宣帝同事。 烏程侯晧承廢故之家，得位之祥也。」
In the fourth year of Yong'an under Sun Xiu of Wu, Chen Jiao of Anwu had been dead seven days when he broke through the tomb and came out. Gan Bao wrote: "This is the same matter as under Emperor Xuan of Han. The Marquis of Wucheng, Hao, inherited a deposed house and gained the throne—an auspicious sign of taking the position."
238
吳孫晧寶鼎元年，丹陽宣騫母，年八十，因浴化為黿。 兄弟閉戶衞之，掘堂上作大坎，實水其中。 黿入坎戲一二日，恒延頸外望，伺戶小開，便輪轉自躍，入于遠潭，遂不復還。 與漢靈帝時黃氏母事同。 吳亡之象也。
In the first year of Baoding under Sun Hao of Wu, the mother of Xuan Qian of Danyang, aged eighty, transformed into a soft-shelled turtle while bathing. Her brothers shut the door to guard her and dug a great pit in the hall, filling it with water. The turtle entered the pit and sported for a day or two, constantly stretching its neck to look outside; when the door opened even a little, it would wheel and leap into a distant pool and never returned. It was the same as the affair of the mother surnamed Huang in the time of Emperor Ling of Han. An omen of Wu's destruction.
239
魏元帝咸熙二年八月，襄武縣言有大人見，長三丈餘，跡長三尺二寸，髮白，著黃巾黃單衣，柱杖，呼民王始語曰：「今當太平。」 尋晉代魏。
In the eighth month of the second year of Xianxi under Emperor Yuan of Wei, Xiangwu county reported that a giant was seen, more than three zhang tall, with footprints three chi two inches long, white-haired, wearing a yellow headcloth and yellow single robe, leaning on a staff, who called to the commoner Wang Shi and said: "Peace is about to come." Soon afterward Jin replaced Wei.
240
晉武帝泰始五年，元城人年七十，生角。 案漢志說，殆趙王倫篡亂之象也。
In the fifth year of Taishi under Emperor Wu of Jin, a man of Yuancheng aged seventy grew horns. According to the Han Treatise's explanation, this was likely the omen of Prince of Zhao Lun's usurpation and rebellion.
241
晉武帝咸寧二年二月，琅邪人顏畿病死，棺斂已久，家人咸夢畿謂己曰：「我當復生，可急開棺。」 遂出之。 漸能飲食屈申視瞻，不能行語也。 二年復死。 其後劉淵、石勒遂亡晉室。
In the second month of the second year of Xianning under Emperor Wu of Jin, Yan Ji of Langye died of illness; the coffin had been sealed for a long time when the whole family dreamed that Ji told them: "I am about to return to life—open the coffin at once." Thereupon he was taken out. Gradually he could drink and eat, bend and stretch, and look about, but could not walk or speak. Two years later he died again. Afterward Liu Yuan and Shi Le destroyed the house of Jin.
242
晉惠帝元康中，安豐有女子周世寧，年八歲，漸化為男，至十七八，而氣性成。 此劉淵、石勒蕩覆晉室之妖也。 漢哀帝、獻帝時並有此異，皆有易代之兆。 京房傳曰：「女子化為丈夫，茲謂陰昌，賤人為王。 丈夫化為女子，茲謂陰勝陽，厥咎亡。」
During the Yuankang era under Emperor Hui of Jin, at Anfeng a woman named Zhou Shining, eight years old, gradually transformed into a man; by seventeen or eighteen her masculine nature was fully formed. This was the portent of Liu Yuan and Shi Le overturning and destroying the house of Jin. Emperors Ai and Xian of Han both had this anomaly; each foretold a change of dynasty. Jing Fang's Tradition says: "When a woman transforms into a man, this is called yin flourishing—base men become kings. When a man transforms into a woman, this is called yin overcoming yang; the penalty is extinction."
243
晉惠帝永寧初，齊王冏唱義兵，誅除亂逆，乘輿反正。 忽有婦人詣大司馬門求寄產。 門者詰之，婦人曰：「我截齊便去耳。」 是時齊王冏匡復王室，天下歸功。 識者為其惡之。 後果斬戮。
At the beginning of Yongning under Emperor Hui of Jin, the Prince of Qi, Sima Jiong, raised righteous troops and executed rebels and traitors; the imperial carriage returned to its proper course. Suddenly a woman came to the Grand Marshal's gate seeking lodging to give birth. The gatekeeper questioned her; the woman said, "I will cut down Qi and then go." At the time the Prince of Qi, Jiong, had restored the royal house; the world attributed merit to him. Those who understood the omen regarded it as inauspicious for him. Afterward he was indeed executed.
244
永寧元年十二月甲子，有白頭公入齊王冏大司馬府，大呼有大兵起，不出甲子旬。 冏殺之。 明年十二月戊辰，冏敗，即甲子旬也。
On the jiazi day of the twelfth month of the first year of Yongning, a white-haired old man entered the Grand Marshal's residence of the Prince of Qi, Jiong, shouting that great armies would rise and that it would happen within the ten-day jiazi cycle. Jiong killed him. In the twelfth month of the following year, on the wuchen day, Jiong was defeated—precisely within the jiazi ten-day cycle.
245
晉惠帝太安元年四月癸酉，有人自雲龍門入殿前，北面再拜曰：「我當作中書監。」 即收斬之。 干寶曰：「夫禁庭，尊祕之處，今賤人徑入，而門衞不覺者，宮室將虛，而下人踰之之妖也。」 是後帝北遷鄴，又西遷長安，盜賊蹈藉宮闕，遂亡天下。
On the guiyou day of the fourth month of the first year of Taian under Emperor Hui of Jin, a man entered through the Yunlong Gate into the hall forecourt, faced north, bowed twice, and said: "I am to become Director of the Secretariat." He was immediately seized and beheaded. Gan Bao wrote: "The forbidden court is a place of august secrecy; when a base man enters unawares while the gate guards notice nothing, the palace will stand empty and inferiors will overstep their bounds—this is its portent. Afterward the emperor moved north to Ye, then west to Chang'an; bandits trampled the palaces, and the realm was lost.
246
晉惠帝世，梁國女子許嫁，已受禮娉，尋而其夫戍長安，經年不歸。 女家更以適人，女不樂行，其父母逼強，不得已而去，尋得病亡。 後其夫還，問女所在，其家具說之。 其夫徑至女墓，不勝哀情，便發冢開棺，女遂活，因與俱歸。 後婿聞之，詣官爭之，所在不能決。 祕書郎王導議曰：「此是非常事，不得以常理斷之，宜還前夫。」 朝廷從其議。
In the era of Emperor Hui of Jin, in Liang commandery a woman had been betrothed and had received betrothal gifts; soon her husband was garrisoned at Chang'an and did not return for years. The woman's family gave her in marriage again; she was unwilling to go, but her parents forced her, and she had no choice but to leave; soon she fell ill and died. Later her husband returned and asked where the woman was; her family told him the whole affair. Her husband went straight to the woman's tomb, unable to bear his grief, opened the tomb and coffin, and the woman came back to life; they returned home together. Later the second husband heard of it and went to the authorities to dispute the matter; wherever the case was heard, no decision could be made. Secretary Lang Wang Dao ruled: "This is an extraordinary matter and cannot be judged by ordinary principle; she should be returned to her former husband." The court followed his ruling.
247
晉惠帝世，杜錫家葬，而婢誤不得出。 後十餘年，開冢祔葬，而婢尚生。 其始如瞑，有頃漸覺。 問之，自謂當一再宿耳。 初婢之埋，年十五六，及開冢更生，猶十五六也。 嫁之有子。
In the era of Emperor Hui of Jin, at Du Xi's house there was a burial, and a maid by mistake was not taken out of the tomb. More than ten years later the tomb was opened for a joint burial, and the maid was still alive. At first she was as if asleep; after a while she gradually awakened. When asked, she herself said she thought it had been only one or two nights. When the maid was buried she was fifteen or sixteen; when the tomb was opened and she lived again, she was still fifteen or sixteen. Given in marriage, she bore children.
248
晉惠帝光熙元年，會稽謝真生子，大頭有鬢，兩蹠反向上，有男女兩體。 生便作丈夫聲，經日死。
In the first year of Guangxi under Emperor Hui of Jin, Xie Zhen of Kuaiji had a son born with a large head and sideburns, both soles turned upward, with both male and female bodies. At birth he spoke in a man's voice; after a day he died.
249
晉惠、懷之世，京、洛有兼男女體，亦能兩用人道，而性尤淫。 案此亂氣之所生也。 自咸寧、太康之後，男寵大興，甚於女色，士大夫莫不尚之，天下皆相放効，或有至夫婦離絕，怨曠妬忌者。 故男女氣亂，而妖形作也。
In the eras of Emperors Hui and Huai of Jin, in the capital and Luoyang there were persons with both male and female bodies who could use both ways of intercourse, and their nature was especially licentious. According to this record, it was what chaotic qi produced. From the Xianning and Taikang eras onward, male favorites flourished beyond love of women; scholar-officials all esteemed it, and the world imitated one another, some even to the point of husbands and wives parting in resentment, loneliness, and jealousy. Therefore male and female qi fell into disorder, and demonic forms appeared.
250
元帝太興初，又有女子陰在腹上，在揚州，性亦淫。 京房易妖曰：「人生子，陰在首，天下大亂； 在腹，天下有事； 在背，天下無後。」
At the beginning of Taixing under Emperor Yuan, there was again a woman whose yin was on her belly, in Yang province, and her nature was also licentious. Jing Fang's Book of Changes omens say: "When a person bears a child and the yin is on the head, the realm will know great disorder; on the belly, the realm will have affairs; on the back, the realm will have no heirs."
251
晉孝懷帝永嘉元年，吳郡吳縣萬祥婢生子，鳥頭，兩足馬蹄，一手無毛，黃色，大如枕。
In the first year of Yongjia under Emperor Huai of Jin, the maid of Wan Xiang of Wu county in Wu commandery bore a child with a bird's head, two feet like horse hooves, one hand hairless and yellow, large as a pillow.
252
晉愍帝建興四年，新蔡縣吏任僑妻胡，年二十五，產二女，相向，腹心合同，自胸以上，齊以下，各分。 此蓋天下未一之妖之。 時內史呂會上言：「案瑞應圖，異根同體謂之連理，異苗同穎謂之嘉禾。 草木之異，猶以為瑞，今二人同心，易稱『二人同心，其利斷金』。 嘉徵顯見，生於陝東之國，斯蓋四海同心之瑞，不勝喜踊，謹畫圖以上。」 時有識者哂之。
In the fourth year of Jianxing under Emperor Min of Jin, Hu, wife of the clerk Ren Qiao of Xincai county, aged twenty-five, gave birth to two daughters facing each other, their bellies and hearts joined; from the chest up and from the navel down, each was separate. This was likely the portent of a realm not yet unified. At the time Interior Minister Lü Hui submitted a memorial: "According to the Diagram of Auspicious Responses, different roots with one body are called interlinked timber, different shoots with one ear are called fine grain. When plants and trees show such anomalies, they are still taken as auspicious; now two persons share one heart—the Changes says, 'Two persons of one heart—their profit cuts through metal.' The auspicious sign is manifest, born in the land east of the Pass—I cannot contain my joy and leap, and respectfully submit a painted record." At the time those who understood the omen smiled at it.
253
晉中興初，有女子，其陰在腹，當齊下。 自中國來江東，性甚淫，而不產。 京房易妖曰：「人生子，陰在首，天下大亂； 在腹，天下有事； 在背，天下無後。」
At the beginning of the Zhongxing restoration, there was a woman whose yin was on her belly, below the navel. She came from within China to the lands east of the Yangtze, was very licentious in nature, and bore no children. Jing Fang's Book of Changes omens say: "When a person bears a child and the yin is on the head, the realm will know great disorder; on the belly, the realm will have affairs; on the back, the realm will have no heirs."
254
晉元帝太興三年十二月，尚書騶謝平妻生女，墮地濞濞有聲，須臾便死。 鼻目皆在頂上，面處如項，口有齒，都連為一，胸如鼈，手足爪如鳥爪，皆下句。 京房易妖曰：「人生他物，非人所見者，皆為天下大兵。」 後二年，有石頭之敗。
In the twelfth month of the third year of Taixing under Emperor Yuan of Jin, the wife of Stableman Xie Ping of the Secretariat gave birth to a daughter; when she fell to the ground there was a wet slap, and in a moment she died. Nose and eyes were all on the crown; the face sat where the nape should be; the mouth had teeth all fused as one; the chest was like a turtle shell; hands, feet, and claws were like a bird's claws, all hooked downward. Jing Fang's Book of Changes omens say: "When a person bears something other than what humans should see, great armies will come upon the realm." Two years later came the defeat at Stone City.
255
晉明帝太寧二年七月，丹陽江寧侯紀妻死，三日復生。
In the seventh month of the second year of Taining under Emperor Ming of Jin, the wife of Marquis Ji of Jiangning died; on the third day she came back to life.
256
晉成帝咸康四年十一月辛丑，有何一人詣南止車門自列為聖人所使。 錄付光祿外部檢問，是東海郯縣呂暢，辭語落漠，髠鞭三百，遣。
On the xinchou day of the eleventh month of the fourth year of Xiankang under Emperor Cheng of Jin, a certain man came to the south Zhiche Gate and declared himself sent by a sage. Recorded and sent to the Guanglu outer office for examination—he was Lü Chang of Donghai's Tan county; his words were incoherent; he was shaved and flogged three hundred strokes and dismissed.
257
咸康五年四月，下邳民王和僑居暨陽。 息女可，年二十，自云：「上天來還，得徵瑞印綬，當母天下。」 晉陵太守以為妖，收付獄。 至十一月，有人持柘杖，絳衣，詣止車門口，列為聖人使，求見天子。 門候受辭，列姓呂名錫。 云王和女可，右足下有七星，星皆有毛，長七寸，天今命可為天下母。 奏聞，即伏誅。 并下晉陵誅可。
In the fourth month of the fifth year of Xiankang, Wang He, a commoner of Xiapi living at Jiyang, had a daughter Ke, aged twenty, who herself said: "I have come down from Heaven and returned, obtaining auspicious seals and cords; I am to be mother to the realm." The Administrator of Jinling took it as demonic, seized her, and imprisoned her. In the eleventh month, a man holding a catalpa staff and wearing crimson clothes came to the Zhiche Gate and declared himself an envoy of a sage, seeking audience with the Son of Heaven. The gate guard received his statement; he gave his surname as Lü and his name as Xi. He said Wang He's daughter Ke had beneath her right foot the Seven Stars, each star bearing hair seven inches long; Heaven now commands Ke to be mother to the realm. When this was reported upward, he was immediately executed. Ke was also executed at Jinling.
258
晉康帝建元二年十月，衞將軍營督過望所領兵陳瀆女壹，有文在足，曰「天下之母」。 灸之逾明。 京都諠譁。 有司收繫以聞。 俄自建康縣獄亡去。
In the tenth month of the second year of Jianyuan under Emperor Kang of Jin, Chen Yi, a woman among the troops led by Supervisor Wang of the Guards camp, had writing on her foot saying "Mother to the realm." When cauterized it grew brighter. The capital was in an uproar. The responsible office seized and imprisoned her and reported upward. Soon she escaped from Jiankang county prison.
259
石虎末，大武殿前所圖賢聖人像人頭，忽悉縮入肩中。
At the end of Shi Hu's reign, the painted heads of the sages and worthies in front of the Great Martial Hall all suddenly shrank into their shoulders.
260
晉孝武帝寧康初，南郡州陵女人唐氏，漸化為丈夫。
In the early Ningkang era under Emperor Xiaowu of Jin, in Nan commandery and Lingling, a woman surnamed Tang gradually transformed into a man.
261
晉安帝義熙七年，無錫人趙朱，年八歲，一旦暴長八尺，髭鬚蔚然，三日而死。
In the seventh year of Yixi under Emperor An of Jin, Zhao Zhu of Wuxi, eight years old, one morning suddenly grew eight chi tall, with a full beard and whiskers, and died on the third day.
262
義熙中，東陽人黃氏生女不養，埋之。 數日於土中啼，取養遂活。
During the Yixi era, a woman surnamed Huang of Dongyang bore a daughter and did not rear her, but buried her. After several days she wailed in the earth; taken out and reared, she lived.
263
義熙末，豫章吳平人有二陽道，重累生。
At the end of the Yixi era, Wu Ping of Yuzhang had two yang organs, growing in double layers.
264
晉恭帝元熙元年，建安人陽道無頭正平，本下作女人形體。
In the first year of Yuanxi under Emperor Gong of Jin, Yang Dao of Jian'an had no head on his yang organ but it was level and upright, with a woman's form below.
265
宋文帝元嘉十七年，劉斌為吳郡。 婁縣有一女，忽夜乘風雨，怳忽至郡城內。 自覺去家正炊頃，衣不沾濡。 曉在門上求通，言：「我天使也。」 斌令前，因曰：「府君宜起迎我，當大富貴。 不爾，必有凶禍。」 斌問所以來，亦不自知也。 謂是狂人，以付獄，符其家迎之。 數日乃得去。 後二十日許，斌誅。
In the seventeenth year of Yuanjia under Emperor Wen of Song, Liu Bin was Administrator of Wu commandery. In Lou county there was a woman who one night rode wind and rain and in a daze arrived inside the commandery city. She herself felt she had left home just while rice was cooking; her clothes were not wet. At dawn she sought entry at the gate, saying: "I am a messenger of Heaven." Bin had her brought forward; she then said: "My lord should rise to welcome me; you will attain great wealth and honor. If not, there will surely be fierce calamity." Bin asked why she had come; she herself did not know either. He took her for a madwoman, handed her to the prison, and had her family come to fetch her. After several days she was able to leave. About twenty days later Bin was executed.
266
孝武帝大明中，張暢為會稽郡，妾懷孕，兒於腹中啼，聲聞於外。 暢尋死。
During the Daming era under Emperor Xiaowu, Zhang Chang was Administrator of Kuaiji commandery; his concubine was pregnant, and the child cried in the womb, the sound heard outside. Soon afterward Chang died.
267
大明末，荊州武寧縣人楊始歡妻，於腹中生女兒。 此兒至今猶存。
At the end of the Daming era, the wife of Yang Shihuan of Wuning county in Jing province gave birth to a daughter in her belly. This child still lives today.
268
明帝泰豫元年正月，巨人見太子西池水上，跡長三尺餘。
In the first month of the first year of Taiyu under Emperor Ming of Song, a giant appeared on the water of the crown prince's western pool; footprints were more than three chi long.
269
後廢帝元徽中，南東莞徐坦妻懷孕，兒在腹中有聲。
During the Yuanhui era under the Deposed Emperor, the wife of Xu Tan of Nan Dongguan was pregnant, and the child made sounds in her belly.
270
元徽中，暨陽縣女人於黃山穴中得二卵，如斗大，剖視有人形。
During the Yuanhui era, a woman of Jiyang county found two eggs in a Huangshan cave, as large as a dou; when split open, human forms were visible within.
271
疾疫
Epidemics:
272
魏文帝黃初四年三月，宛、許大疫，死者萬數。
In the third month of the fourth year of Huangchu under Emperor Wen of Wei, Wan and Xu suffered a great epidemic; the dead numbered in the tens of thousands.
273
魏明帝青龍二年四月，大疫。
In the fourth month of the second year of Qinglong under Emperor Ming of Wei, a great epidemic struck.
274
青龍三年正月，京都大疫。
In the first month of the third year of Qinglong, the capital suffered a great epidemic.
275
吳孫權赤烏五年，大疫。
In the fifth year of Chiwu under Sun Quan of Wu, a great epidemic struck.
276
吳孫亮建興二年四月，諸葛恪圍新城。 大疫，死者太半。
In the fourth month of the second year of Jianxing under Sun Liang of Wu, Zhuge Ke besieged Xincheng. A great epidemic broke out; more than half the army died.
277
吳孫晧鳳皇二年，疫。
In the second year of Fenghuang under Sun Hao of Wu, epidemic struck.
278
晉武帝泰始十年，大疫。 吳土亦同。
In the tenth year of Taishi under Emperor Wu of Jin, a great epidemic struck. The land of Wu suffered likewise.
279
晉武帝咸寧元年十一月，大疫，京都死者十萬人。
In the eleventh month of the first year of Xianning under Emperor Wu of Jin, a great epidemic struck; in the capital a hundred thousand died.
280
晉武帝太康三年春，疫。
In the spring of the third year of Taikang under Emperor Wu of Jin, epidemic struck.
281
晉惠帝元康二年十一月，大疫。
In the eleventh month of the second year of Yuankang under Emperor Hui of Jin, a great epidemic struck.
282
元康七年五月，秦、雍二州疾疫。
In the fifth month of the seventh year of Yuankang, Qin and Yong provinces suffered epidemic disease.
283
晉孝懷帝永嘉四年五月，秦、雍州饑疫至秋。
In the fifth month of the fourth year of Yongjia under Emperor Huai of Jin, Qin and Yong provinces suffered famine and epidemic until autumn.
284
永嘉六年，大疫。
In the sixth year of Yongjia, a great epidemic struck.
285
晉元帝永昌元年十一月，大疫，死者十二三。 河朔亦同。
In the eleventh month of the first year of Yongchang under Emperor Yuan of Jin, a great epidemic struck; one or two in ten died. North of the River suffered likewise.
286
晉成帝咸和五年五月，大饑且疫。
In the fifth month of the fifth year of Xianhe under Emperor Cheng of Jin, great famine and epidemic alike.
287
晉穆帝永和九年五月，大疫。
In the fifth month of the ninth year of Yonghe under Emperor Mu of Jin, a great epidemic struck.
288
晉海西太和四年冬，大疫。
In the winter of the fourth year of Taihe under the Deposed Emperor, a great epidemic struck.
289
晉孝武帝太元五年五月，自冬大疫，至于此夏。 多絕戶者。
In the fifth month of the fifth year of Taixuan under Emperor Xiaowu of Jin, a great epidemic that had begun in winter lasted until this summer. Many households were extinguished entirely.
290
晉安帝義熙元年十月，大疫，發赤班乃愈。
In the tenth month of the first year of Yixi under Emperor An of Jin, a great epidemic struck; red blotches appeared and then one recovered.
291
義熙七年春，大疫。
In the spring of the seventh year of Yixi, a great epidemic struck.
292
宋文帝元嘉四年五月，京都疾疫。
In the fifth month of the fourth year of Yuanjia under Emperor Wen of Song, the capital suffered epidemic disease.
293
孝武帝大明元年四月，京邑疾疫。
In the fourth month of the first year of Daming under Emperor Xiaowu of Song, the capital region suffered epidemic disease.
294
大明四年四月，京邑疾疫。
In the fourth month of the fourth year of Daming, the capital region suffered epidemic disease again.
295
日蝕
Solar eclipses:
296
魏文帝黃初二年六月戊辰晦，日有蝕之。 有司奏免太尉。 詔曰：「災異之作，以譴元首，而歸過股肱，豈禹、湯罪己之義乎？ 其令百官各虔厥職。 後有天地眚，勿復劾三公。」
On the last day of the sixth month of the second year of Huangchu under Emperor Wen of Wei, the sun was eclipsed. The responsible office memorialized to remove the Grand Commandant. An edict said: "When calamities and anomalies arise, they are meant to reprove the sovereign himself, yet blame is assigned to his ministers—can this be the meaning of Yu and Tang blaming themselves? Let every official be reverent in his duties. Hereafter when there are calamities of Heaven and Earth, do not again impeach the Three Excellencies."
297
黃初三年正月丙寅朔，日有蝕之； 十一月庚申晦，又日有蝕之。
On the first day of the first month of the third year of Huangchu, the sun was eclipsed; on the last day of the eleventh month, on the gengshen day, the sun was eclipsed again.
298
黃初五年十一月戊申晦，日有蝕之。 後二年，宮車晏駕。
On the last day of the eleventh month of the fifth year of Huangchu, on the wushen day, the sun was eclipsed. Two years later the emperor died.
299
魏明帝太和初，太史令許芝奏日應蝕，與太尉於靈臺祈禳。 帝詔曰：「蓋聞人主政有不得，則天懼之以災異，所以譴告使得自修也。 故日月薄蝕，明治道有不當者。 朕即位以來，既不能光明先帝聖德，而施化有不合於皇神，故上天有以寤之。 宜勵政自修，以報於神明。 天之於人，猶父之於子，未有父欲責其子，而可獻盛饌以求免也。 今外欲遣上公與太史令具禳祠，於義未聞也。 羣公卿士，其各勉修厥職。 有可以補朕不逮者，各封上之。」
In the early Taihe era under Emperor Ming of Wei, Astronomical Clerk Xu Zhi memorialized that an eclipse was due, and with the Grand Commandant performed prayer at the Spirit Terrace. The emperor's edict said: "I have heard that when a ruler's government falls short, Heaven shows its fear through calamities and anomalies, thereby to admonish and warn him so that he may reform himself. Therefore when sun and moon are obscured, it means government has what is not fitting. Since I took the throne, I have not been able to illuminate the sage virtue of the former emperor, and in bestowing transformation there are things not in accord with the august spirits; therefore Heaven has awakened me. I should encourage good government and reform myself, to respond to the spirits. Heaven toward mankind is like a father toward a son; never has a father wished to blame his son yet offered lavish offerings to seek exemption. Now outwardly to send the senior lord and the Astronomical Clerk together to perform prayer and sacrifice—in principle I have not heard of this. Let the assembled dukes, ministers, and scholars each diligently cultivate his office. Whoever has counsel that can remedy my shortcomings, let him seal and submit it."
300
魏明帝太和五年十一月戊戌晦，日有蝕之。
On the last day of the eleventh month of the fifth year of Taihe under Emperor Ming of Wei, on the wuxu day, the sun was eclipsed.
301
太和六年正月戊辰朔，日有蝕之。 〈見吳曆。〉
On the first day of the first month of the sixth year of Taihe, on the wuchen day, the sun was eclipsed. 〈See Wu Calendar.〉
302
魏明帝青龍元年閏月庚寅朔，日有蝕之。
On the first day of the intercalary month of the first year of Qinglong under Emperor Ming of Wei, on the gengyin day, the sun was eclipsed.
303
魏齊王正始元年七月戊申朔，日有蝕之。 〈紀無。〉
On the first day of the seventh month of the first year of Zhengshi under the Prince of Qi of Wei, on the wushen day, the sun was eclipsed. 〈Not in the Annals.〉
304
正始三年四月戊戌朔，日有蝕之。 〈紀無。〉
On the first day of the fourth month of the third year of Zhengshi, on the wuxu day, the sun was eclipsed. 〈Not in the Annals.〉
305
正始六年四月壬子，日有蝕之； 十月戊寅朔，又日有蝕之。
On the renzi day of the fourth month of the sixth year of Zhengshi, the sun was eclipsed; on the first day of the tenth month, on the wuyin day, the sun was eclipsed again.
306
正始八年二月庚午朔，日有蝕之。 是時曹爽專政，丁謐、鄧颺等轉改法度。 會有日蝕變，詔羣臣問得失。 蔣濟上疏曰：「昔大舜佐治，戒在比周； 周公輔政，慎於其朋。 齊侯問災，晏子對以布惠； 魯君問異，臧孫答以緩役。 塞變應天，乃實人事。」 濟旨譬甚切，而君臣不悟，終至敗亡矣。
On the first day of the second month of the eighth year of Zhengshi, on the gengwu day, the sun was eclipsed. At the time Cao Shuang monopolized government; Ding Mi, Deng Yang, and others constantly changed laws and measures. When the solar eclipse omen occurred, an edict ordered the assembled ministers to discuss what had gone wrong. Jiang Ji submitted a memorial: "Formerly Great Shun assisted in governing and warned against faction; the Duke of Zhou assisted in government and was cautious of his companions. When the Lord of Qi asked about calamities, Yanzi answered with spreading kindness; when the Lord of Lu asked about anomalies, Zangsun answered with easing corvée. To block calamity and respond to Heaven is truly a matter of human affairs. Ji's meaning was very cutting, yet ruler and ministers did not understand, and in the end met defeat and destruction.
307
正始九年正月乙未朔，日有蝕之。
On the first day of the first month of the ninth year of Zhengshi, on the yiwei day, the sun was eclipsed.
308
魏齊王嘉平元年二月己未，日有蝕之。
On the jiwei day of the second month of the first year of Jiaping under the Prince of Qi of Wei, the sun was eclipsed.
309
魏高貴鄉公甘露四年七月戊子朔，日有蝕之。
On the first day of the seventh month of the fourth year of Ganlu under the Duke of Gaogui of Wei, on the wuzi day, the sun was eclipsed.
310
甘露五年正月乙酉朔，日有蝕之。 按谷永說，正朝，尊者惡之。 京房占曰：「日蝕乙酉，君弱臣強。 司馬將兵，反征其王。」 五月，有成濟之變。
On the first day of the first month of the fifth year of Ganlu, on the yiyou day, the sun was eclipsed. According to Gu Yong's explanation, at the first dawn the honored are ill-favored. Jing Fang's divination says: "When the sun is eclipsed on a yiyou day, the ruler is weak and ministers are strong. The Minister of War will raise troops and in rebellion campaign against his king." In the fifth month came the Cheng Ji affair.
311
魏元帝景元二年五月丁未朔，日有蝕之。
On the first day of the fifth month of the second year of Jingyuan under Emperor Yuan of Wei, on the dingwei day, the sun was eclipsed.
312
景元三年三月己亥朔，日有蝕之。
On the first day of the third month of the third year of Jingyuan, on the jihai day, the sun was eclipsed.
313
晉武帝泰始二年七月丙午晦，日有蝕之。
On the last day of the seventh month of the second year of Taishi under Emperor Wu of Jin, on the bingwu day, the sun was eclipsed.
314
泰始七年五月庚辰，日有蝕之。
On the gengchen day of the fifth month of the seventh year of Taishi, the sun was eclipsed.
315
泰始八年十月辛未朔，日有蝕之。
On the first day of the tenth month of the eighth year of Taishi, on the xinwei day, the sun was eclipsed.
316
泰始九年四月戊辰朔，日有蝕之。
On the first day of the fourth month of the ninth year of Taishi, on the wuchen day, the sun was eclipsed.
317
泰始十年三月癸亥，日有蝕之。
On the guihai day of the third month of the tenth year of Taishi, the sun was eclipsed.
318
晉武帝咸寧元年七月甲申晦，日有蝕之。
On the last day of the seventh month of the first year of Xianning under Emperor Wu of Jin, on the jiashen day, the sun was eclipsed.
319
咸寧三年正月丙子朔，日有蝕之。
On the first day of the first month of the third year of Xianning, on the bingzi day, the sun was eclipsed.
320
晉武帝太康四年三月辛丑朔，日有蝕之。
On the first day of the third month of the fourth year of Taikang under Emperor Wu of Jin, on the xinchou day, the sun was eclipsed.
321
太康六年八月丙戌朔，日有蝕之。
On the first day of the eighth month of the sixth year of Taikang, on the bingxu day, the sun was eclipsed.
322
太康七年正月甲寅朔，日有蝕之。 乙亥，詔曰：「比年災異屢發，邦之不臧，實在朕躬。 震蝕之異，其咎安在？ 將何施行，以濟其愆？」 太尉亮、司徒舒、司空瓘遜位，弗許。
On the first day of the first month of the seventh year of Taikang, on the jiayin day, the sun was eclipsed. On the yihai day an edict said: "In recent years calamities and anomalies have repeatedly arisen; the state's lack of goodness lies truly in my person. Where lies the fault of thunder and eclipse anomalies? What is to be enacted to remedy the fault? Grand Commandant Liang, Minister of Education Shu, and Minister of Works Guan offered to yield office; the emperor did not permit it.
323
太康八年正月戊申朔，日有蝕之。
On the first day of the first month of the eighth year of Taikang, on the wushen day, the sun was eclipsed.
324
太康九年六月庚子朔，日有蝕之。 後二年，宮車晏駕。
On the first day of the sixth month of the ninth year of Taikang, on the gengzi day, the sun was eclipsed. Two years later the emperor died.
325
晉惠帝元康九年十一月甲子朔，日有蝕之。
On the first day of the eleventh month of the ninth year of Yuankang under Emperor Hui of Jin, on the jiazi day, the sun was eclipsed.
326
晉惠帝永康元年四月辛卯朔，日有蝕之。
On the first day of the fourth month of the first year of Yongkang under Emperor Hui of Jin, on the xinmao day, the sun was eclipsed.
327
晉惠帝永寧元年閏三月丙戌朔，日有蝕之。
In the intercalary third month of the first year of Yongning under Emperor Hui of Jin, on the bingxu new moon, there was a solar eclipse.
328
晉惠帝光熙元年正月戊子朔，日有蝕之。 尊者惡之。 七月乙酉朔，又日有蝕之既。 占曰：「日蝕盡，不出三月，國有凶。」 十一月，宮車晏駕。 十一月壬午朔，又日有蝕之。
In the first month of the first year of Guangxi under Emperor Hui of Jin, on the wuzi new moon, there was a solar eclipse. Esteemed persons deemed it inauspicious. In the seventh month, on the yiyou new moon, there was again a total solar eclipse. The prognostication says: "When the sun is eclipsed to completion, within three months the state will suffer calamity." In the eleventh month, the emperor died. On the renwu new moon of the eleventh month, there was again a solar eclipse.
329
晉孝懷帝永嘉元年十一月戊申，日有蝕之。
In the eleventh month of the first year of Yongjia under Emperor Huai of Jin, on the wushen day, there was a solar eclipse.
330
永嘉二年正月丙午朔，日有蝕之。
In the first month of the second year of Yongjia, on the bingwu new moon, there was a solar eclipse.
331
永嘉六年二月壬子朔，日有蝕之。 明年，帝崩于平陽。
In the second month of the sixth year of Yongjia, on the renzi new moon, there was a solar eclipse. The next year, the emperor died at Pingyang.
332
晉愍帝建興四年六月丁巳朔，日有蝕之。 十一月，帝為劉曜所虜。 十二月乙卯朔，又日有蝕之。 明年，帝崩于平陽。
In the sixth month of the fourth year of Jianxing under Emperor Min of Jin, on the dingsi new moon, there was a solar eclipse. In the eleventh month, the emperor was captured by Liu Yao. On the yimao new moon of the twelfth month, there was again a solar eclipse. The next year, the emperor died at Pingyang.
333
晉元帝太興元年四月丁丑朔，日有蝕之。
In the fourth month of the first year of Taixing under Emperor Yuan of Jin, on the dingchou new moon, there was a solar eclipse.
334
晉明帝太寧三年十一月癸巳朔，日有蝕之。
In the eleventh month of the third year of Taining under Emperor Ming of Jin, on the guisi new moon, there was a solar eclipse.
335
晉成帝咸和二年五月甲申朔，日有蝕之。
In the fifth month of the second year of Xianhe under Emperor Cheng of Jin, on the jiashen new moon, there was a solar eclipse.
336
晉成帝咸康元年十月乙未朔，日有蝕之。
In the tenth month of the first year of Xiankang under Emperor Cheng of Jin, on the yiwei new moon, there was a solar eclipse.
337
咸康七年二月甲子朔，日有蝕之。
In the second month of the seventh year of Xiankang, on the jiazi new moon, there was a solar eclipse.
338
咸康八年正月己未朔，日有蝕之。 正朝，尊者惡之。 六月，宮車晏駕。
In the first month of the eighth year of Xiankang, on the jiwei new moon, there was a solar eclipse. At the New Year audience, esteemed persons deemed it inauspicious. In the sixth month, the emperor died.
339
晉穆帝永和七年正月丁酉朔，日有蝕之。
In the first month of the seventh year of Yonghe under Emperor Mu of Jin, on the dingyou new moon, there was a solar eclipse.
340
永和十二年十月癸巳朔，日有蝕之。
In the tenth month of the twelfth year of Yonghe, on the guisi new moon, there was a solar eclipse.
341
晉穆帝升平四年八月辛丑朔，日有蝕之，不盡如鉤。 明年，宮車晏駕。
In the eighth month of the fourth year of Shengping under Emperor Mu of Jin, on the xinchou new moon, there was a solar eclipse, incomplete and hook-shaped. The next year, the emperor died.
342
晉哀帝隆和元年十二月戊午朔，日有蝕之。
In the twelfth month of the first year of Longhe under Emperor Ai of Jin, on the wuwu new moon, there was a solar eclipse.
343
晉海西公太和三年三月丁巳朔，日有蝕之。
In the third month of the third year of Taihe under the Duke of Haixi, on the dingsi new moon, there was a solar eclipse.
344
太和五年七月癸酉朔，日有蝕之。 明年，廢為海西公。
In the seventh month of the fifth year of Taihe, on the guiyou new moon, there was a solar eclipse. The next year, he was deposed as Duke of Haixi.
345
晉孝武帝寧康三年十月癸酉朔，日有蝕之。
In the tenth month of the third year of Ningkang under Emperor Xiaowu of Jin, on the guiyou new moon, there was a solar eclipse.
346
晉孝武帝太元四年閏月己酉朔，日有蝕之。
In the intercalary month of the fourth year of Taiyuan under Emperor Xiaowu of Jin, on the jiyou new moon, there was a solar eclipse.
347
太元六年六月庚子朔，日有蝕之。
In the sixth month of the sixth year of Taiyuan, on the gengzi new moon, there was a solar eclipse.
348
太元九年十月辛亥朔，日有蝕之。
In the tenth month of the ninth year of Taiyuan, on the xinhai new moon, there was a solar eclipse.
349
太元十七年五月丁卯朔，日有蝕之。
In the fifth month of the seventeenth year of Taiyuan, on the dingmao new moon, there was a solar eclipse.
350
太元二十年三月庚辰朔，日有蝕之。 明年，宮車晏駕。 海西時有此變。 又曰，臣有蔽主明者。
In the third month of the twentieth year of Taiyuan, on the gengchen new moon, there was a solar eclipse. The next year, the emperor died. During the Haixi period there had been this same portent. It also says that ministers obscure the ruler's brightness.
351
晉安帝隆安四年六月庚辰朔，日有蝕之。
In the sixth month of the fourth year of Longan under Emperor An of Jin, on the gengchen new moon, there was a solar eclipse.
352
晉安帝元興二年四月癸巳朔，日有蝕之。
In the fourth month of the second year of Yuanxing under Emperor An of Jin, on the guisi new moon, there was a solar eclipse.
353
晉安帝義熙三年七月戊戌朔，日有蝕之。
In the seventh month of the third year of Yixi under Emperor An of Jin, on the wuxu new moon, there was a solar eclipse.
354
義熙十年九月丁巳朔，日有蝕之； 七月辛亥晦，日有蝕之。
In the tenth year of Yixi, on the dingsi new moon of the ninth month, there was a solar eclipse; in the eleventh year of Yixi, on the last day of the seventh month, xinhai, there was again a solar eclipse.
355
義熙十三年正月甲戌朔，日有蝕之。 明年，宮車晏駕。
In the first month of the thirteenth year of Yixi, on the jiaxu new moon, there was a solar eclipse. The next year, the emperor died.
356
晉恭帝元熙元年十一月丁亥朔，日有蝕之。
In the eleventh month of the first year of Yuanxi under Emperor Gong of Jin, on the dinghai new moon, there was a solar eclipse.
357
宋少帝景平二年二月癸巳朔，日有蝕之。
In the second month of the second year of Jingping under the Deposed Emperor of Song, on the guisi new moon, there was a solar eclipse.
358
文帝元嘉四年六月癸卯朔，日有蝕之。
In the sixth month of the fourth year of Yuanjia under Emperor Wen of Song, on the guimao new moon, there was a solar eclipse.
359
元嘉六年五月壬辰朔，日有蝕之。 十一月己丑朔，又日有蝕之，不盡如鈎，蝕時星見，晡方沒，河北地闇。
In the sixth year of Yuanjia, on the renchen new moon of the fifth month, there was a solar eclipse. On the jichou new moon of the eleventh month, there was again a solar eclipse, incomplete and hook-shaped; stars appeared while the sun was eclipsed, and it did not set until late afternoon; north of the Yellow River the land fell into darkness.
360
元嘉十二年正月乙未朔，日有蝕之。
In the first month of the twelfth year of Yuanjia, on the yiwei new moon, there was a solar eclipse.
361
元嘉十七年四月戊午朔，日有蝕之。
In the fourth month of the seventeenth year of Yuanjia, on the wuwu new moon, there was a solar eclipse.
362
元嘉十九年七月甲戌晦，日有蝕之。
On the last day of the seventh month of the nineteenth year of Yuanjia, jiaxu, there was a solar eclipse.
363
元嘉二十三年六月癸未朔，日有蝕之。
In the sixth month of the twenty-third year of Yuanjia, on the guiwei new moon, there was a solar eclipse.
364
元嘉三十年七月辛丑朔，日有蝕之，既，星辰畢見。
In the seventh month of the thirtieth year of Yuanjia, on the xinchou new moon, there was a total solar eclipse, and every star shone forth.
365
孝武帝孝建元年七月丙戌朔，日有蝕之，既，列宿粲然。
In the seventh month of the first year of Xiaojian under Emperor Xiaowu of Song, on the bingxu new moon, there was a total solar eclipse, and the constellations blazed bright.
366
孝武帝大明五年九月甲寅朔，日有蝕之。
In the ninth month of the fifth year of Daming under Emperor Xiaowu of Song, on the jiayin new moon, there was a solar eclipse.
367
明帝泰始四年八月丙子朔，日有蝕之； 十月癸酉，又日有蝕之。
In the eighth month of the fourth year of Taishi under Emperor Ming of Song, on the bingzi new moon, there was a solar eclipse; on the guiyou day of the tenth month, there was again a solar eclipse.
368
泰始五年十月丁卯朔，日有蝕之。
In the tenth month of the fifth year of Taishi, on the dingmao new moon, there was a solar eclipse.
369
後廢帝元徽元年十二月癸卯朔，日有蝕之。
In the twelfth month of the first year of Yuanhui under the Later Deposed Emperor, on the guimao new moon, there was a solar eclipse.
370
順帝昇明二年九月乙巳朔，日有蝕之。
In the ninth month of the second year of Shengming under Emperor Shun of Song, on the yisi new moon, there was a solar eclipse.
371
昇明三年三月癸卯朔，日有蝕之。
In the third month of the third year of Shengming, on the guimao new moon, there was a solar eclipse.
372
日月亂行
Sun and moon out of their courses:
373
吳孫權赤烏十一年二月，白虹貫日，時地又頻震。 權發詔深戒懼天眚。
In the second month of the eleventh year of Chiwu under Sun Quan of Wu, a white rainbow pierced the sun while the earth quaked again and again. Quan issued an edict, admonishing himself in deepest fear of Heaven's scourge.
374
晉武帝泰始五年七月甲寅，日暈再重，白虹貫之。
On the jiayin day of the seventh month of the fifth year of Taishi under Emperor Wu of Jin, the sun was ringed by a double halo, and a white rainbow pierced through it.
375
晉武帝太康元年正月己丑朔，五色氣冠日，自卯至酉。 占曰：「君道失明。 丑主斗、牛，斗、牛為吳地。」 是時孫晧淫暴，四月降。
On the jichou new moon of the first month of the first year of Taikang, a five-colored aura crowned the sun from dawn until dusk. The prognostication says: "The ruler's way loses its light. Chou governs the constellations Dipper and Ox; Dipper and Ox are the territory of Wu. At that time Sun Hao ruled with wanton cruelty; in the fourth month he surrendered.
376
晉惠帝元康九年正月，日中有若飛䴏者，數月乃消。 王隱以為愍懷廢死之徵也。
In the first month of the ninth year of Yuankang, shapes like flying swallows appeared within the sun and did not vanish for months. Wang Yin took this as a portent of the deposed Crown Prince Minhuai's death.
377
晉惠帝永康元年十月乙未，日鬭，黃霧四塞。 占曰：「不及三年，下有拔城大戰。」
The sun seemed to war with itself, and yellow mist walled the sky on every side. The prognostication says: "Within three years below there will be storming of cities and great battles."
378
晉惠帝永寧元年九月甲申，日有黑子。 按京房占：「黑者，陰也。 臣不揜君惡，令下見百姓惡君〔則有此變。」 又曰，臣有蔽主明者。〕
On the jiashen day of the ninth month of the first year of Yongning under Emperor Hui of Jin, the sun bore black spots. According to Jing Fang's prognostication: "Black is yin. When ministers do not hide the ruler's faults, and the people below see their hatred of the ruler, this transformation appears." It also says: "Ministers obscure the ruler's brightness."
379
晉惠帝永興元年十一月，黑氣分日。
Black qi tore the sun apart.
380
晉惠帝光熙元年五月癸巳，日散，光流如血，所照皆赤。 甲午，又如之。 占曰：「君道失明。」
The sun scattered; light streamed like blood, and everything it touched flushed red. On the jiawu day it was again so. The prognostication says: "The ruler's way loses its light."
381
晉孝懷帝永嘉元年十一月乙亥，黃黑氣掩日，所炤皆黃。 案河圖占曰：「日薄也。」 其說曰：「凡日蝕皆於晦朔，有不於晦朔者，為日薄。 雖非日月同宿，時陰氣盛，掩薄日光也。 占類蝕。」
Yellow and black qi shrouded the sun, and all beneath its glow turned yellow. The Hetu prognostication says: "This is solar dimming." Its explanation says: "All solar eclipses occur on the last or first day of the month; when they do not occur on those days, it is solar dimming. Though sun and moon are not in the same lodge, when yin qi is strong it veils and thins the sun's light. The prognostication is classed with eclipse."
382
永嘉二年二月癸卯，白虹貫日，青黃暈五重。 占曰：「白虹貫日，近臣不亂，則諸侯有兵，破亡其地。」 明年，司馬越殺繆播等，暴蔑人主。 五年，胡破京都，帝遂見虜。 一說王者有兵圍之象。
A white rainbow pierced the sun, ringed by green and yellow halos in five layers. The prognostication says: "When a white rainbow pierces the sun, if close ministers are not in disorder, then feudal lords will have armies and will break and lose their territories. The next year Sima Yue killed Miao Bo and others, wantonly trampling the sovereign. In the fifth year, the barbarians broke the capital, and the emperor was taken captive. Another interpretation holds that this is the image of a king besieged by armies.
383
永嘉五年三月庚申，日散，光如血，下流，所照皆赤，日中有若飛䴏者。
The sun scattered; its light poured down like blood, and all it touched burned red; within the sun, shapes like flying swallows darted.
384
晉愍帝建武元年正月庚子，白虹彌天，三日並照，日有重暈，左右兩珥。 占曰：「白虹，兵氣也。 三、四、五、六日俱出並爭，天下兵作，王立亦如其數。」 又曰：「三日並出，不過三旬，諸侯爭為帝。 日重暈，天下有立王。 暈而珥，天下有立侯。」 故陳卓曰：「當有大慶，天下其參分乎。」 三月而江東改元朔，胡亦改元朔，跨曹、劉疆宇。 於是兵連積世。
A white rainbow filled the heavens; three suns shone at once; the sun wore a double halo with ear-shaped lights to left and right. The prognostication says: "A white rainbow is the qi of war. When three, four, five, or six suns rise together and contend, war engulfs the realm, and as many kings are enthroned as there are suns." It also says: "When three suns appear together, within thirty days feudal lords contend to become emperor. When the sun bears a double halo, under Heaven a king is enthroned. When there is a halo with ear-appendages, under Heaven a marquis is enthroned. Chen Zhuo therefore said, "Great fortune is at hand; perhaps the realm will be carved three ways." In the third month the southeast proclaimed a new reign and calendar; the northern barbarians did the same, and Cao and Liu domains lay sundered between them. War then chained age to age without rest.
385
晉元帝太興四年三月癸亥，日有黑子。 四月辛亥，帝親錄訊囚徒。
In the third month of the fourth year of Taixing under Emperor Yuan of Jin, on the guihai day, the sun bore black spots. On the xinhai day of the fourth month, the emperor personally reviewed and questioned prisoners.
386
晉元帝永昌元年十月辛卯，日有黑子。
On the xinmao day of the tenth month of the first year of Yongchang under Emperor Yuan of Jin, the sun bore black spots.
387
晉明帝太寧元年正月己丑朔，日暈無光； 癸巳，黃霧四塞。 占曰：「君道失明，臣有陰謀。」 是時王敦陵上，卒伏其辜。
On the jichou new moon of the first month of the first year of Taining under Emperor Ming of Jin, the sun was haloed and without light; on the guisi day, yellow mist closed in on every side. The prognostication says, "The ruler's way goes dark; ministers plot in secret." Wang Dun at that time towered above the throne; in the end he paid with his life.
388
晉成帝咸康元年七月，白虹貫日。
In the seventh month of the first year of Xiankang under Emperor Cheng of Jin, a white rainbow pierced the sun.
389
咸康八年正月壬申，日中有黑子。 丙子，乃滅。
On the first month of the eighth year of Xiankang, on the renshen day, the sun bore black spots within it. On the bingzi day they vanished.
390
晉海西公太和四年四月戊辰，日暈厚密，白虹貫日中。
On the wuchen day of the fourth month of the fourth year of Taihe under the Duke of Haixi, the sun was thickly haloed, and a white rainbow pierced through the sun's center.
391
太和六年三月辛未，白虹貫日，日暈五重。 十一月，桓溫廢帝。 張重華在涼州，日暴赤如火，中有三足烏，形見分明，數旦乃止。
In the third month of the sixth year of Taihe, on the xinwei day, a white rainbow pierced the sun, and the sun bore halos in five layers. In the eleventh month, Huan Wen deposed the emperor. In Liang province under Zhang Chonghua, the sun blazed red as fire; a three-legged crow stood within it, plain to see, and for several mornings the omen did not fade.
392
晉安帝元興元年二月甲子，日暈，白虹貫日。 明年，桓玄篡位。
In the second month of the first year of Yuanxing under Emperor An of Jin, on the jiazi day, the sun was haloed, and a white rainbow pierced the sun. The next year, Huan Xuan usurped the throne.
393
晉安帝義熙元年五月庚午，日有采珥。
On the gengwu day of the fifth month of the first year of Yixi under Emperor An of Jin, the sun bore colored ear-appendages.
394
義熙十一年，日在東井，有白虹十餘丈，在南干日。 依司馬彪說，則災在分野，羌亡之象也。
While the sun stood in the Well, a white rainbow more than ten zhang long rose south of the sun and pressed against it. By Sima Biao's reading, the calamity struck the corresponding territorial division—the Qiang were doomed.
395
晉恭帝元熙二年正月壬辰，日暈，東西有直珥各一丈，白氣貫之交匝。
The sun wore a halo; straight ear-lights a zhang long stretched east and west, and white qi wound through them, crossing and recrossing.
396
晉孝懷帝永嘉五年三月丙申夜，月蝕既； 丁酉夜，又蝕既。 占曰：「月蝕既盡，夫人憂。」 又曰：「其國貴人死。」
On the bingshen night of the third month of the fifth year of Yongjia under Emperor Huai of Jin, the moon was totally eclipsed; on the dingyou night, it was totally eclipsed again. The prognostication says: "When the moon is eclipsed to completion, the consort suffers grief." It also says: "The state's honored persons will die."
397
安帝義熙九年十二月辛卯朔旦，月猶見東方。 按占謂之「側匿」。
At dawn on the xinmao new moon, the moon still hung in the east. Prognosticators call this "lurking concealment."
398
宋文帝元嘉二十九年十一月己卯朔，日始出，色赤如血，外生牙，塊礨不圓。 明年二月，宮車晏駕。
As the sun rose it was the color of blood, jagged at the rim, lumpy and not round. In the second month of the next year, the emperor died.
399
孝武帝大明七年十一月，日始出四五丈，色赤如血，未沒四五丈，亦如之，至于八年春，凡三，謂日死。 閏五月，帝崩。
When it had climbed four or five zhang the sun was blood-red; four or five zhang before setting it was the same. Until spring of the eighth year this happened three times, and people said the sun was dying. In the intercalary fifth month, the emperor died.
400
後廢帝元徽三年三月乙亥，日未沒數丈，日色紫赤無光。
Several zhang before sunset the sun turned purple-red and lightless.
401
元徽五年三月庚寅，日暈五重，又重生二直，一抱一背。
The sun wore five halos, and two straight lights grew anew—one embracing it, one at its back.
402
文帝元嘉中，有兩白虹見宣陽門外。
During Yuanjia under Emperor Wen, two white rainbows appeared outside the Xuanyang Gate.
403
後廢帝元徽二年八月壬子夜，白虹見。
On the renzi night of the eighth month of the second year of Yuanhui under the Later Deposed Emperor, a white rainbow appeared.
404
元徽四年正月己酉，白虹貫日。
On the jiyou day of the first month of the fourth year of Yuanhui, a white rainbow pierced the sun.
405
從帝昇明元年九月乙未夜，白虹見東方。
On the night of the yiwei day in the ninth month of the first year of Shengming under the Deposed Emperor, a white rainbow was seen in the east.