1
隋書卷四十四列傳第九
Book of Sui, Volume 44, Biographies 9
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滕穆王瓚嗣王綸
Prince Teng the Mu, Zan; His Heir Wang Lun
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膝穆王瓚，字恆生，一名慧，高祖母弟也。 周世以太祖軍功封竟陵郡公，尚武帝妹順陽公主，自右中侍上士遷禦伯中大夫。 保定四年，改為納言，授儀同。 瓚貴公子，又尚公主，美姿儀，好書愛士，甚有令名於當世，時人號曰楊三郎。 武帝甚親愛之。 平齊之役，諸王鹹從，留瓚居守，帝謂之曰：「六府事殷，一以相付。 朕將遂事東方，無西顧之憂矣。」 其見親信如此。 宣帝即位，遷吏部中大夫，加上儀同。 未幾，帝崩，高祖入禁中，將總朝政，令廢太子勇召之，欲有計議。 瓚素與高祖不協，聞召不從，曰：「作隋國公恐不能保，何乃更為族滅事邪？」 高祖作相，遷大將軍。 尋拜大宗伯，典修禮律。 進位上柱國、邵國公。 瓚見高祖執政，群情未一，恐為家禍，陰有圖高祖之計，高祖每優容之。 及受禪，立為滕王。 後拜雍州牧。 上數與同坐，呼為阿三。 後坐事去牧，以王就第。
Prince Teng the Mu, Zan, styled Hengsheng and also known as Hui, was a maternal cousin of Emperor Gaozu. During the Northern Zhou, he was enfeoffed as Duke of Jingling for the Grand Duke's military service, married Emperor Wu's younger sister Princess Shunyang, and advanced from Right Palace Attendant to Imperial Chamberlain. In the fourth year of Baoding (564), he was appointed Director of Discourse and granted the rank of Palace Attendant Companion. As a prince of the blood who had married an imperial princess, Zan was striking in appearance, devoted to books, and generous to men of talent. He enjoyed great renown in his day, and contemporaries called him Yang the Third. Emperor Wu held him in exceptional affection. When the campaign to conquer Qi began, all the princes went with the army, but Zan was left behind to hold the capital. The emperor told him, "The Six Offices are overwhelmed with business; I leave everything in your hands. I am going east to finish the campaign, and I shall have no need to glance back over my shoulder toward the west." Such was the depth of trust placed in him. After Emperor Xuan came to the throne, Zan was promoted to Grand Master in the Ministry of Personnel and granted the rank of Senior Palace Attendant Companion. Before long the emperor died. Gaozu entered the inner palace to assume control of the government, summoned the deposed Crown Prince Yong, and intended to consult with him on strategy. Zan had long been on bad terms with Gaozu. When he heard the summons, he refused to come and said, "Even as Duke of Sui you may not be able to keep your position—why press on toward something that will destroy the whole clan?" After Gaozu became chancellor, Zan was appointed Grand General. He was soon made Grand Director of Ritual and put in charge of revising the ritual and penal codes. He was promoted to Senior Pillar of State and enfeoffed as Duke of Shao. Seeing Gaozu in power while opinion in the realm remained divided, Zan feared disaster for his own house and secretly plotted against him, yet Gaozu repeatedly showed him leniency. When Gaozu took the throne, Zan was created Prince of Teng. He was later appointed Governor of Yong Province. The emperor often sat with him as an equal and called him "Little Third." Later he was removed from office for an offense and returned to his princely residence.
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瓚妃宇文氏，先時與獨孤皇后不平，及此鬱鬱不得志，陰有咒詛。 上命瓚出之，瓚不忍離絕，固請。 上不得已，從之，宇文氏竟除屬籍。 瓚由是忤旨，恩禮更薄。 開皇十一年，從幸栗園，暴薨，時年四十二。 人皆言其遇鴆以斃。 子綸嗣。
Zan's consort, Lady Yuwen, had long been at odds with Empress Dugu. Now bitter and thwarted, she secretly practiced curses against the empress. The emperor ordered Zan to divorce her, but Zan could not bear to cast her off and pleaded repeatedly to keep her. The emperor reluctantly agreed, but Lady Yuwen was ultimately struck from the imperial clan rolls. From that point Zan fell out of favor, and the emperor's kindness toward him grew still colder. In the eleventh year of Kaihuang (591), while accompanying the emperor to Chestnut Garden, he died suddenly at the age of forty-two. Everyone said he had been killed by poisoned wine. His son Lun succeeded him.
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綸字斌籀，性弘厚，美姿容，頗解鐘律。 高祖受禪，封邵國公，邑八千戶。 明年，拜邵州刺史。 晉王廣納妃于梁，詔綸致禮焉，甚為梁人所敬。 綸以穆王之故，當高祖之世，每不自安。 煬帝即位，尤被猜忌。 綸憂懼不知所為，呼術者王琛而問之。 琛答曰：「王相祿不凡。」 乃因曰：「滕即騰也，此字足為善應。」 有沙門惠恩、崛多等，頗解占候，綸每與交通，常令此三人為度星法。 有人告綸怨望咒詛，帝命黃門侍郎王弘窮治之。 弘見帝方怒，遂希旨奏綸厭蠱惡逆，坐當死。 帝令公卿議其事，司徒楊素等曰：「綸希冀國災，以為身幸。 原其懷惡之由，積自家世。 惟皇運之始，四海同心，在於孔懷，彌須協力。 其先乃離阻大謀，棄同即異，父悖于前，子逆於後，非直覬覦朝廷，便是圖危社稷。 為惡有狀，其罪莫大，刑茲無赦，抑有舊章，請依前律。」 帝以公族不忍，除名為民，徙始安。 諸弟散徙邊郡。 大業七年，親征遼東，綸欲上表，請從軍自效，為郡司所遏。 未幾，複徙硃崖。 及天下大亂，為賊林仕弘所逼，攜妻子竄于儋耳。 後歸大唐，為懷化縣公。
Lun, styled Binzhou, was openhearted and handsome and had considerable knowledge of music theory. When Gaozu took the throne, Lun was enfeoffed as Duke of Shao with a fief of eight thousand households. The following year he was appointed Governor of Shao Prefecture. When Prince Jin Guang took a bride from Liang, Lun was ordered to convey the betrothal gifts on his behalf and won great respect among the Liang court. Because of his father's disgrace as Prince Teng the Mu, Lun never felt secure throughout Gaozu's reign. After Emperor Yang came to the throne, suspicion against him deepened still further. Tormented by fear and uncertainty, Lun summoned the diviner Wang Chen to consult him. Chen replied, "Your Highness's countenance and fortune are no ordinary matter." He went on, "The character for Teng also means to soar—surely an auspicious sign for you." There were also the monks Hui'en and Jueduo, who were skilled in divination. Lun associated with them regularly and often had the three of them practice astrological prognostication. Someone reported that Lun was nursing resentment and practicing curses. The emperor ordered Yellow Gate Attendant Wang Hong to investigate the case thoroughly. Seeing the emperor's anger, Hong shaped his findings to please him and reported that Lun had practiced malign sorcery and treason, crimes punishable by death. The emperor ordered the high ministers to deliberate. Minister of Education Yang Su and others said, "Lun has been praying for calamity to befall the state, treating national disaster as his personal opportunity. The roots of his malice lie deep in his family's history. At the dawn of a new dynasty, when the realm should stand united, those bound by the closest ties of kinship ought all the more to lend their strength together. His forebears obstructed great state designs, forsaking unity for division; the father rebelled in one generation and the son in the next. This is not mere ambition for the throne—it is a plot to bring down the dynasty itself. The evidence of his crimes is clear, and no offense could be graver. The law allows no mercy here. We ask that he be sentenced under the established statutes." Unable to bring himself to execute a kinsman, the emperor struck Lun from the rolls of nobility, reduced him to commoner status, and exiled him to Shi'an. His younger brothers were likewise dispersed to remote border commanderies. In the seventh year of Daye (611), when the emperor campaigned in person against Liaodong, Lun tried to submit a memorial offering to join the army and prove his loyalty, but the local officials prevented it. Before long he was transferred again, this time to Zhuya. When the empire collapsed into chaos, he was harried by the rebel Lin Shihong and fled with his wife and children to Dan'er. He later submitted to the Tang and was enfeoffed as Duke of Huaihua County.
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綸弟坦，字文籀，初封竟陵郡公，坐綸徙長沙。 坦弟猛，字武籀，徙衡山。 猛弟溫，字明籀，初徙零陵。 溫好學，解屬文，既而作《零陵賦》以自寄，其辭哀思。 帝見而怒之，轉徙南海。 溫弟詵，字弘籀，前亦徙零陵。 帝以其修謹，襲封滕王，以奉穆王嗣。 大業末，薨于江都。
Lun's younger brother Tan, styled Wenzhou, had initially been enfeoffed as Duke of Jingling; implicated in Lun's case, he was exiled to Changsha. Tan's younger brother Meng, styled Wuzhou, was exiled to Hengshan. Meng's younger brother Wen, styled Mingzhou, was first exiled to Lingling. Wen was studious and skilled at composition. He later wrote "Rhapsody on Lingling" to give voice to his grief, and its language was full of sorrow. When the emperor read it, he flew into a rage and had Wen transferred to Nanhai. Wen's younger brother Shen, styled Hongzhou, had earlier been exiled to Lingling as well. Because of his prudent and dutiful conduct, the emperor had him succeed as Prince of Teng to maintain the line of Prince Teng the Mu. At the end of the Daye era he died at Jiangdu.
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○道悼王靜
○ Prince of Dao the Lamented, Jing
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道悼王靜，字賢籀，滕穆王瓚之子也。 出繼叔父嵩。 嵩在周代，以太祖軍功，賜爵興城公，早卒。 高祖踐位，追封道王，諡曰宣。 以靜襲焉。 卒，無子，國除。
Prince of Dao the Lamented, Jing, styled Xianzhou, was a son of Prince Teng the Mu, Zan. He was given in adoption to succeed his uncle Song. During the Zhou, Song had been granted the title Duke of Xingcheng for the Grand Duke's military service and died young. After Gaozu took the throne, Song was posthumously created Prince of Dao with the temple name Xuan. Jing succeeded to the title. He died without heirs, and the princedom was abolished.
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○衛昭王爽嗣王集
○ Prince of Wei the Illustrious, Shuang; His Heir Wang Ji
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衛昭王爽，字師仁，小字明達，高祖異母弟也。 周世，在繈褓中，以太祖軍功，封同安郡公。 六歲而太祖崩，為獻皇后之所鞠養，由是高祖于諸弟中特寵愛之。 十七為內史上士。 高祖執政，拜大將軍、秦州總管。 未之官，轉授蒲州刺史，進位柱國。 及受禪，立為衛王。 尋遷雍州牧，領左右將軍。 俄遷右領軍大將軍，權領并州總管。 歲餘，進位上柱國，轉涼州總管。 爽美風儀，有器局，治甚有聲。
Prince of Wei the Illustrious, Shuang, styled Shiren and known in youth as Mingda, was Gaozu's younger half-brother. During the Zhou, while still an infant, he was enfeoffed as Duke of Tong'an for the Grand Duke's military service. When he was six the Grand Duke died, and Empress Xian raised him herself. For this reason Gaozu cherished him above all his other brothers. At seventeen he was appointed Superior Gentleman in the Palace Secretariat. When Gaozu assumed control of the government, Shuang was appointed Grand General and Commander-in-Chief of Qin Province. He never took up the Qin post and was instead appointed Governor of Pu Prefecture and promoted to Pillar of State. When Gaozu took the throne, Shuang was created Prince of Wei. He was soon appointed Governor of Yong Province and placed in command of the Left and Right Guards. Shortly afterward he was made Grand General of the Right Army Guard and given provisional authority as Commander-in-Chief of Bing Province. A year later he was promoted to Senior Pillar of State and transferred to Commander-in-Chief of Liang Province. Shuang was distinguished in bearing, possessed breadth of vision, and governed with great renown.
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其年，以爽為行軍元帥，步騎七萬以備胡。 出平涼，無虜而還。 明年，大舉北伐，又為元帥。 河間王弘、豆盧勣、竇榮定、高熲、虞慶則等分道而進，俱受爽節度。 爽親率李充節等四將出朔州，遇沙缽略可汗于白道，接戰，大破之，虜獲千餘人，驅馬牛羊巨萬。 沙缽略可汗中重創而遁。 高祖大悅，賜爽真食梁安縣千戶。 六年，複為元帥，步騎十五萬，出合川。 突厥遁逃而返。 明年，征為納言。 高祖甚重之。
That year Shuang was made campaign commander-in-chief with seventy thousand infantry and cavalry to guard against the northern peoples. He marched out from Pingliang, found no enemy, and returned. The following year, on a major northern campaign, he again served as commander-in-chief. Prince of Hejian Hong, Doulu Ji, Dou Rongding, Gao Jiong, Yu Qingze, and others advanced on separate routes, all under Shuang's command. Shuang personally led Li Chongjie and three other generals out of Shuozhou, met Qaghan Shabolüe at White Road, and routed him decisively. They took more than a thousand prisoners and drove off tens of thousands of horses, cattle, and sheep. Qaghan Shabolüe himself was gravely wounded and fled. Gaozu was delighted and granted Shuang a permanent fief of one thousand households in Liang'an County. In the sixth year he again served as commander-in-chief at the head of one hundred fifty thousand troops, marching out from Hechuan. The Turks fled before him, and he returned without a major engagement. The following year he was recalled to court as Director of Discourse. Gaozu held him in the highest regard.
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未幾，爽寢疾，上使巫者薛榮宗視之，雲眾鬼為厲。 爽令左右驅逐之。 居數日，有鬼物來擊榮宗，榮宗走下階而斃。 其夜爽薨，時年二十五。 贈太尉、冀州刺史。 子集嗣。
Before long Shuang fell gravely ill. The emperor sent the shaman Xue Rongzong to examine him, and Rongzong reported that a host of ghosts were tormenting him. Shuang ordered his attendants to drive the spirits away. A few days later ghostly beings attacked Rongzong; he stumbled down the steps and died on the spot. That same night Shuang died at the age of twenty-five. He was posthumously honored as Grand Commandant and Governor of Ji Province. His son Ji succeeded him.
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集字文會，初封遂安王，尋襲封衛王。 煬帝時，諸侯王恩禮漸薄，猜防日甚。 集憂懼不知所為，乃呼術者俞普明章醮以祈福助。 有人告集咒詛，憲司希旨，鍛成其獄，奏集惡逆，坐當死。 天子下公卿議其事，楊素等曰：「集密懷左道，厭蠱君親，公然咒詛，無慚幽顯。 情滅人理，事悖先朝，是君父之罪人，非臣子之所赦，請論如律。」 時滕王綸坐與相連，帝不忍加誅，乃下詔曰：「綸、集以附萼之華，猶子之重，縻之好爵，匪由德進。 正應與國升降，休戚是同，乃包藏妖禍，誕縱邪僻。 在三之義，愛敬俱淪； 急難之情，孔懷頓滅。 公卿議既如此，覽以潸然。 雖複王法無私，恩從義斷，但法隱公族，禮有親親。 致之極辟，情所未忍。」 於是除名為民，遠徙邊郡。 遇天下大亂，不知所終。
Ji, styled Wenhui, was first created Prince of Suian and soon succeeded as Prince of Wei. Under Emperor Yang, princes of the blood received ever less honor and favor, while suspicion and surveillance grew daily sharper. Consumed by anxiety and fear, Ji summoned the ritual specialist Yu Puming to perform Daoist rites of supplication for divine aid. Someone reported that Ji was practicing curses. The judicial authorities shaped the case to please the throne, convicted him of treason, and recommended the death penalty. The emperor referred the case to the high ministers for deliberation. Yang Su and others said, "Ji has secretly embraced heterodox arts, practiced malign sorcery against his sovereign and kin, and openly uttered curses without shame before Heaven or earth. He has abandoned all human decency and violated the principles of the founding reign. He is a criminal against his sovereign and father, and no subject may excuse such conduct. We ask that he be sentenced under the law." At the time Prince of Teng Lun was implicated in the same affair. Unable to bring himself to execute them, the emperor issued an edict: "Lun and Ji are like blossoms on the imperial stem, bearing the weight of princes of the blood. They were granted noble rank, yet not for any merit of their own. They ought to rise and fall with the dynasty and share its fortunes. Instead they harbored malign designs and gave free rein to wickedness. The bonds of the three relationships—love and respect alike—have been utterly abandoned; and the ties of kinship in times of crisis have been cast aside entirely. When I read the ministers' recommendation, tears came to my eyes. Though the law knows no favoritism and affection must yield to justice, the statutes make allowance for the imperial clan, and ritual teaches us to cherish our kin. To put them to death is more than my heart can endure." He therefore struck their names from the rolls, reduced them to commoner status, and exiled them to remote border commanderies. When the empire collapsed into chaos, no one knew what became of him.
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○蔡王智積
○ Prince of Cai Zhiji
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蔡王智積，高祖弟整之子也。 整周明帝時，以太祖軍功，賜爵陳留郡公。 尋授開府、車騎大將軍。 從武帝平齊，至并州，力戰而死。 及高祖作相，贈柱國、大司徒、冀定瀛相懷衛趙貝八州刺史。 高祖受禪，追封蔡王，諡曰景。 以智積襲焉。 又封其弟智明為高陽郡公，智才為開封縣公。 尋拜智積為開府儀同三司，授同州刺史，儀衛資送甚盛。 頃之，以修謹聞，高祖善之。 在州未嘗嬉戲遊獵，聽政之暇，端坐讀書，門無私謁。 有侍讀公孫尚儀，山東儒士，府佐楊君英、蕭德言，並有文學，時延於座，所設唯餅果，酒才三酌。 家有女妓，唯年節嘉慶，奏於太妃之前，其簡靜如此。 昔高祖龍潛時，景王與高祖不睦，其太妃尉氏又與獨孤皇后不相諧，以是智積常懷危懼，每自貶損。 高祖知其若是，亦哀憐之。 人或勸智積治產業者，智積曰：「昔平原露朽財帛，苦其多也。 吾幸無可露，何更營乎？」 有五男，止教讀《論語》、《孝經》而已，亦不令交通賓客。 或問其故，智積答曰：「卿非知我者。」 其意恐兒子有才能，以致禍也。 開皇二十年，征還京第，無他職任，闔門自守，非朝覲不出。
Prince of Cai Zhiji was the son of Gaozu's younger brother Zheng. During the reign of Emperor Ming of Zhou, Zheng was enfeoffed as Duke of Chenliu for the Grand Duke's military service. He was soon appointed to the Grand Preceptorate and made Grand General of Chariots and Cavalry. He followed Emperor Wu in the conquest of Qi and died fighting fiercely at Bingzhou. When Gaozu became chancellor, Zheng was posthumously honored as Pillar of State and Grand Minister of Education and as Governor of Ji, Ding, Ying, Xiang, Huai, Wei, Zhao, and Bei. After Gaozu took the throne, Zheng was posthumously created Prince of Cai with the temple name Jing. Zhiji succeeded to the title. His younger brothers Zhiming and Zhicai were also enfeoffed, as Duke of Gaoyang and Duke of Kaifeng respectively. Zhiji was soon appointed Grand Preceptorate with Protocol Equal to the Three Excellencies and made Governor of Tong Prefecture, with a splendid escort and lavish provisions for his journey. Before long his prudent and dutiful conduct won notice, and Gaozu was pleased with him. As governor he never indulged in games or hunting. In the intervals between hearing cases he sat upright with a book, and no private visitors came to his gate. His Reader-in-Waiting Gongsun Shangyi was a scholar from Shandong, and his aides Yang Junying and Xiao Deyan were men of letters. He would invite them to join him from time to time, but served only cakes and fruit, with no more than three rounds of wine. He kept female musicians in his household, but they performed only at festivals and celebrations, and then only before the Princess Dowager. Such was the austerity of his ways. In earlier days, when Gaozu was still rising to power, Prince Jing had been on bad terms with him, and Prince Jing's consort of the Yu clan had clashed with Empress Dugu. For this reason Zhiji lived in constant fear and continually humbled himself. Gaozu understood his situation and pitied him. When someone urged Zhiji to build up his estates, he said, "Long ago the Prince of Pingyuan displayed his rotting stores of silk and gold, lamenting that he had too much. I am fortunate to have nothing worth displaying—why should I accumulate more?" He had five sons and taught them only the Analects and the Classic of Filial Piety, and would not let them cultivate connections with guests. When someone asked why, Zhiji replied, "You do not understand me at all." His fear was that talented sons would bring disaster upon the family. In the twentieth year of Kaihuang he was recalled to the capital and given no further office. He kept his household closed and did not leave home except for required court audiences.
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十二年，從駕江都，寢疾。 帝時疏薄骨肉，智積每不自安，及遇患，不呼醫。 臨終，謂所親曰：「吾今日始知得保首領沒于地矣。」 時人哀之。 有子道玄。
In the twelfth year of Daye he accompanied the emperor to Jiangdu and fell ill. The emperor had grown cold toward his kinsmen, and Zhiji had long lived in anxiety. When he fell ill, he did not call for a physician. On his deathbed he told those close to him, "Only today do I know that I may keep my head and be laid in the earth in peace." Those who heard it were moved to pity. He left a son named Daoxuan.