1
清河王陽平王河南王河間王長樂王廣平王京兆王
The Princes of Qinghe, Yangping, Henan, Hejian, Changle, Guangping, and Jingzhao
2
道武皇帝十男。 宣穆劉皇后生明元皇帝，賀夫人生清河王紹，大王夫人生陽平王熙，王夫人生河南王曜。 河間王脩、長樂王處文二王母氏闕。 段夫人生廣平王連、京兆王黎。 皇子渾及聰母氏並闕，皆早薨，無後。
Taizu, Emperor Daowu, fathered ten sons. Empress Xuanmu Liu bore Emperor Mingyuan; Lady He bore Prince Shao of Qinghe; the Great Lady bore Prince Xi of Yangping; Lady Wang bore Prince Yao of Henan. The mothers of Princes Xiu of Hejian and Chuwén of Changle are missing from the record. Lady Duan bore Prince Lian of Guangping and Prince Li of Jingzhao. Princes Hun and Cong likewise lack recorded mothers; each died young without issue.
3
清河王紹，天興六年封。 兇佷險悖，不遵教訓。 好輕遊里巷，劫剝行人，斫射犬豕，以為戲樂。 太祖嘗怒之，倒懸井中，垂死乃出。 太宗常以義方責之，遂與不協，恒懼其為變。 而紹母夫人賀氏有譴，太祖幽之於宮，將殺之。 會日暮，未決。 賀氏密告紹曰：「汝將何以救吾？」 紹乃夜與帳下及宦者數人，踰宮犯禁。 左右侍御呼曰：「賊至！」 太祖驚起，求弓刀不獲，遂暴崩。 明日，宮門至日中不開，紹稱詔召百僚於西宮端門前北面而立，紹從門扇間謂羣臣曰：「我有父，亦有兄，公卿欲從誰也？」 王公已下皆驚愕失色，莫有對者。 良久，南平公長孫嵩曰：「從王。」 羣臣乃知宮車晏駕，而不審登遐之狀，唯陰平公元烈哭泣而去。 於是朝野兇兇，人懷異志。 肥如侯賀護舉烽於安陽城北，故賀蘭部人皆往赴之，其餘舊部亦率子弟招集族人，往往相聚。 紹聞人情不安，乃出布帛班賜王公以下，上者數百匹，下者十匹。
Prince Shao of Qinghe received his fief in Tianxing year 6. Violent and devious, he refused all teaching. He wandered the alleys robbing passersby and hacking or shooting dogs and swine for amusement. Taizu once hung him upside down in a well and pulled him out only on the edge of death. Emperor Mingyuan repeatedly chastised him with moral duty; the two were estranged, and Mingyuan lived in fear of revolt. Lady He, Shao's mother, had incurred guilt; Taizu shut her in the palace and prepared her execution. Dusk came before sentence could be carried out. Lady He whispered to Shao, "What will you do to save me?" That night Shao and a handful of guards and palace eunuchs scaled the palace and violated the curfew. Those beside the throne shouted, "Assassins!" Taizu leapt up in terror, found neither bow nor sword, and collapsed dead. The gates stayed shut until noon; Shao proclaimed an edict calling officials to face north before the western palace's Front Gate, then spoke through the door crack: "I have a father and an elder brother—which do you choose?" Princes and ministers alike stood pale and speechless. At length Changsun Song, Duke of Nanping, said, "We follow Your Highness." They knew the emperor was dead but not the manner of his passing; only Yuan Lie, Duke of Yinping, wept and withdrew. Inside and outside the capital turmoil spread; hearts turned every way. He Hu, Marquis of Feiru, lit signal fires north of Anyang; Helan clansmen flocked to him while other old followers mustered sons and kin in scattered bands. Shao, sensing unrest, distributed cloth and silk down the ranks of nobility and office, hundreds of bolts to the great and ten to the humble.
4
先是，太宗在外，聞變乃還，潛于山中，使人夜告北新侯安同，眾皆響應。 太宗至城西，衞士執送紹。 於是賜紹母子死，誅帳下閹官、宮人為內應者十數人，其先犯乘輿者，羣臣於城南都街生臠割而食之。 紹時年十六。 紹母即獻明皇后妹也，美而麗。 初太祖如賀蘭部，見而悅之，告獻明后，請納焉，后曰：「不可，此過美不善，且已有夫。」 太祖密令人殺其夫而納之，生紹，終致大逆焉。
Mingyuan, away on campaign, turned back on news of the revolt, concealed himself in the mountains, and sent night messengers to An Tong, Marquis of Beixin; multitudes rallied to him. At the city's west wall Mingyuan's men seized Shao and brought him in. Shao and his mother were put to death; a dozen inner eunuchs and palace women who had aided the plot were killed, and those who had first struck at the sovereign were quartered alive in the southern street and devoured by the court. Shao was sixteen years old. Shao's mother was Empress Xianming's younger sister, famed for her beauty. On Taizu's first visit to the Helan he desired her and asked Empress Xianming for her hand; the empress refused: "Do not take her—beauty so extreme breeds ill, and she is already wed." Taizu had her husband murdered in secret and married her; she bore Shao, and at last mothered rebellion.
5
陽平王熙，天興六年封。 聰達有雅操，為宗屬所欽重。 太宗治兵於東部，詔熙督十二軍校閱，甚得軍儀，太宗嘉之，賞賜隆厚。 後討西部越勤，有功。 泰常六年薨，時年二十三。 太宗哀慟不已，賜溫明祕器，禮物備焉。 熙有七子。
Prince Xi of Yangping received his fief in Tianxing year 6. Quick-witted and cultivated, he won the clan's esteem. Mingyuan, drilling in the east, had Xi review twelve commands; the display won high praise and lavish gifts. He later campaigned against the western Yueqin with distinction. He died in Taichang year 6 at twenty-three. Mingyuan grieved long and bestowed warm-bright burial vessels and full funeral honors. Xi left seven sons.
6
長子他，襲爵。 身長八尺，美姿貌，性謹厚，武藝過人。 從世祖討山胡白龍於西河，屠其城，別破餘黨，斬首數千級。 改封臨淮王，拜鎮東將軍。 尋改封淮南王，除使持節、都督豫洛河南諸軍事、鎮南大將軍、開府儀同三司，鎮虎牢。 威名甚著。 後與武昌王提率并州諸軍討吐京叛胡曹僕渾於河西，平之。 拜使持節、前鋒大將軍、都督諸軍事，北討蠕蠕，破之，運軍儲於比干城。 劉義隆遣將寇邊，他從征於懸瓠，破之。 拜使持節、都督雍秦二州諸軍事、鎮西大將軍、開府儀同三司、雍州刺史，鎮長安。 綏撫秦土，得民夷之心。 時義隆寇南鄙，以他威信素著，復為虎牢鎮都大將。 高宗時，轉使持節、都督涼州諸軍事、鎮西大將軍，儀同如故。 高祖初，入為中都大官，拜侍中，轉征西大將軍，遷司徒。 賜安車几杖，入朝不趨。 太和十二年薨，年七十三。 時高祖有事宗廟，始薦，聞薨，為之廢祭。 輿駕親臨，哀慟，詔有司監護喪事，禮賵有加。 追贈平東大將軍、定州牧，司徒如故。 諡曰靖王。 他三子。
The eldest son Ta succeeded to the title. He stood eight feet, comely and grave, with martial arts above the common run. With Shizu he attacked the Mountain Hu White Dragon in Xihe, stormed his stronghold, routed the survivors elsewhere, and took thousands of heads. He was re-enfeoffed Prince of Linhuai and appointed General Who Pacifies the East. He was soon Prince of Huainan, bearer of the staff, commander of Yu, Luo, and Henan, General Who Guards the South with opening-office equal-to-three-division, stationed at Hulao. His fame stood very high. Later he and Prince Ti of Wuchang led Bingzhou forces against the Tujing rebel Cao Puhun in Hexi and subdued him. Made bearer of the staff and Grand General of the Vanguard commanding all armies, he marched north against the Ruru, broke them, and shifted supplies to Bigan. When Liu Yilong's generals raided the frontier Ta joined the Xuan'e campaign and routed them. He became bearer of the staff, commander of Yong and Qin, General Who Guards the West with opening-office equal-to-three-division, inspector of Yong, at Chang'an. He pacified Qin and won both Chinese and tribal peoples. As Yilong struck the south again, Ta's standing brought him back as supreme commander at Hulao. Under Gaozong he held the staff as commander of Liang and General Who Guards the West with honors as before. At Gaozu's accession he entered as Grand Master of the Central Capital, became attendant-in-ordinary, then General Who Pacifies the West, and rose to Minister over the Masses. He received the cushioned carriage and staff and was excused from hurrying at audience. He died in Taihe year 12 at seventy-three. Gaozu was at the first temple offering when news came; he canceled the ceremony. The emperor came in person, grieved openly, and ordered supervised obsequies with extra gifts. He was posthumously General Who Pacifies the East and governor of Dingzhou, still Minister over the Masses. His temple name was Prince Jing. Ta had three sons.
7
世子吐萬，早卒，贈冠軍、并州刺史、晉陽順侯。
Heir Tuwán died young and was posthumously Champion General, inspector of Bingzhou, Marquis Shun of Jinyang.
8
子顯，襲祖爵。 薨，諡曰僖王。
Son Xian succeeded to the grandfather's rank. On his death he was Prince Xi.
9
子世遵，襲。 世宗時，拜前軍將軍、行幽州事、兼西中郎將，又行青州事。 尋遷驍騎將軍。 出為征虜將軍、幽州刺史。 世遵性清和，推誠化導，百姓樂之。 肅宗時，以本將軍為荊州刺史。 尋加前將軍。 初在漢陽，復有聲迹，後頗行貨賄，散費邊儲，由是聲望有損。 沔南蠻首及襄陽民望入密信引世遵，請以襄陽內附。 世遵表求赴應，朝議從之，詔加世遵持節、都督荊州及沔南諸軍事、平南將軍，加散騎常侍，餘如故。 遣洛州刺史伊瓫生，冠軍將軍、魯陽太守崔模為別將，率步騎二萬受世遵節度。 軍至漢水，模等皆疑不渡。 世遵怒，臨之以兵，模乃濟。 而內應者謀泄，為蕭衍雍州刺史所殺，築門以自固。 模焚襄陽邑郭，燒殺數萬口。 會是夜大風雨雪，模等班師，士卒凍死十二三。 世遵及瓫生、模並坐免官。 後除散騎常侍、平北將軍、定州刺史，百姓安之。 孝昌元年，薨於州。 贈散騎常侍、征西將軍、雍州刺史，諡曰康王。
Son Shizun succeeded. Under Shizong he became General of the Vanguard, acting governor of Youzhou and Western Palace Guard commander, then acting governor of Qingzhou. He was soon made General of Valiant Cavalry. He left court as General Who Subdues the Barbarians and inspector of Youzhou. Shizun was gentle and open-hearted; the people took joy in his rule. Under Suzong he became inspector of Jingzhou at his existing rank. He soon received the added rank General of the Front. In Hanyang he had first won a solid name; later bribery and draining the border granaries cost him repute. Tribal leaders south of the Han and men of standing in Xiangyang wrote secretly urging Shizun to receive Xiangyang from within. He asked leave to answer; the court assented, gave him the staff as commander of Jingzhou and the Han south, General Who Pacifies the South, and scattered cavalier attendant-in-ordinary. Yi Fansheng, inspector of Luo, and Cui Mo, Champion General and governor of Luyang, led twenty thousand infantry and cavalry as detached commanders under him. At the Han River Mo and his fellows hung back and refused the crossing. Shizun raged and threatened force; Mo at last crossed. The inner plot was betrayed; Xiao Yan's inspector of Yong killed the agents, walled the city, and stood fast. Mo torched Xiangyang's walls and suburbs and slaughtered tens of thousands. A night of wind, rain, and snow followed; Mo withdrew, and a tenth or more of the army froze on the march. Shizun, Fansheng, and Mo were all removed from their posts. He was later scattered cavalier attendant-in-ordinary, General Who Pacifies the North, and inspector of Dingzhou, where the people rested easy. He died in the province in Xiaochang year 1. Posthumously he was scattered cavalier attendant-in-ordinary, General Who Pacifies the West, inspector of Yong, Prince Kang.
10
子敬先，襲。 歷諫議大夫、散騎常侍，領主衣都統。 元顥入洛，莊帝北巡。 敬先與叔父均等於河梁起義，為顥所害。 追贈侍中、車騎大將軍、太尉公、定州刺史。
Son Jingxian succeeded. He held posts as remonstrating grandee and scattered cavalier attendant-in-ordinary and headed the imperial wardrobe directorate. When Yuan Hao took Luoyang, Xiaozhuang marched north. Jingxian and his uncle Jun raised the standard at the He Bridge and were slain by Hao. Posthumously he was attendant-in-ordinary, Grand General of Chariots and Cavalry, Grand Preceptor, and inspector of Dingzhou.
11
子宣洪，襲。 歷諫議大夫、光祿少卿。 武定中，與元瑾謀反，誅，國除。
Son Xuanhong succeeded. He was remonstrating grandee and vice director of the Palace Library. In Wuding he conspired with Yuan Jin, was executed, and the fief was extinguished.
12
世遵弟均，字世平。 累遷通直常侍、征虜將軍。 以河梁立義之功，封安康縣開國伯，食邑五百戶，除散騎常侍、平東將軍。 卒，贈使持節、征東將軍、青州刺史。 出帝時，復贈驃騎大將軍、儀同三司、冀州刺史。 均六子。
Shizun's younger brother Jun, courtesy name Shiping. He advanced to direct-palace attendant-in-ordinary and General Who Subdues the Barbarians. For the He Bridge rising he was founding baron of Ankang, five hundred households, scattered cavalier attendant-in-ordinary, and General Who Pacifies the East. At death he was posthumously bearer of the staff, General Who Pacifies the East, inspector of Qingzhou. Under the departing emperor he was again posthumously Grand General of Agile Cavalry with opening-office equal-to-three-division and inspector of Ji. Jun had six sons.
13
長子忻之，性粗武，幼有氣力。 釋褐定州平北府中兵參軍，稍遷尚書右中兵郎。 以河渚起義之勳，賜爵東阿侯。 初，孝莊之圖尒朱榮、元天穆也，忻之密啟，臨事之日，乞得侍立，手斬二人。 及榮之死，百僚入賀，忻之獨蒙勞問。 莊帝崩於晉陽，忻之內懼。 及齊獻武王起義河北，忻之奔赴。 後廢帝時，除散騎常侍、大丞相右長史。 出帝初，襲先封安康縣開國伯，除撫軍將軍、北徐州刺史。 便道之州，屬樊子鵠據瑕丘反，遂於中途遇害。 以死王事，追贈使持節、都督定殷二州諸軍事、驃騎大將軍、司空公、定州刺史，諡曰文貞。
Eldest son Xinzhi was coarse and warlike, strong from childhood. He entered service as adjutant in the Pingbei command at Dingzhou and rose to right army lieutenant in the Masters of Writing. For the He ford rising he was made Marquis of Dong'a. When Xiaozhuang first plotted against Erzhu Rong and Yuan Tianmu, Xinzhi wrote in secret; on the day itself he asked to stand guard and cut down both men with his own hand. After Rong's death the court came to congratulate; only Xinzhi was singled out for praise and questioning. Xiaozhuang's death at Jinyang filled Xinzhi with dread. When Gao Huan, Prince Xianwu of Qi, rose in Hebei, Xinzhi hurried to his banner. Under the deposed emperor he became scattered cavalier attendant-in-ordinary and right chief clerk to the Grand Chancellor. When the departing emperor took the throne he resumed the Ankang barony and became General Who Pacifies the Army and inspector of North Xuzhou. Taking the direct road to his post, he met Fan Zihu's rebellion at Xiqiu and was slain on the way. Dying in royal service, he was posthumously bearer of the staff, commander of Ding and Yin, Grand General of Agile Cavalry, Minister of Works, inspector of Dingzhou, styled Wen Zhen.
14
忻之弟慶鸞，武定末，司徒諮議參軍。
Younger brother Qingluan ended Wuding as adviser in the Minister of Works.
15
慶鸞弟慶哲，終於司農少卿，贈中軍將軍、濟州刺史。
Qingzhe, Qingluan's younger brother, died as vice director of the imperial granary and was posthumously General of the Central Army and inspector of Jizhou.
16
子長淵，襲。 武定中，南青州長史。 齊受禪，爵例降。
Son Changyuan succeeded. In Wuding he was chief clerk of South Qingzhou. When Qi took the throne fiefs were lowered by rule.
17
禹弟菩薩，給事中。 卒，贈濟南太守。
Yu's younger brother Pusa served as palace attendant. At death he was posthumously governor of Jinan.
18
吐萬弟鍾葵，早卒。
Tuwán's younger brother Zhongkui died young.
19
長子法壽，侍御中散，累遷中散大夫。 出除龍驤將軍、安州刺史。 法壽先令所親微服入境，觀察風俗，下車便大行賞罰，於是境內肅然。 更滿還朝，吏人詣闕訴乞，肅宗嘉之，詔復州任。 後徵為太中大夫，加左將軍。 遷平東將軍、光祿大夫。 建義初，於河陰遇害，贈車騎將軍、相州刺史。
Eldest son Fashou was palace attendant and central retainer, then grandee of the central retainer. He left court as General of the Dragon and inspector of Anzhou. Before taking his post Fashou sent intimates in disguise to study local ways; on arrival he punished and rewarded sharply, and the province grew quiet. At term's end the people petitioned at court for his return; Suzong approved and sent him back. He was recalled as Grand Master of the Palace with added General of the Left. He rose to General Who Pacifies the East and Grand Master of Splendid Happiness. In the opening of Jianyi he died at Heyin and was posthumously Grand General of Chariots and Cavalry and inspector of Xiangzhou.
20
子慶始，大司農丞。 與父同時見害。 贈前將軍、廣州刺史。
Son Qing Shi was aide in the imperial granary court. He perished together with his father. Posthumously he was General of the Front and inspector of Guangzhou.
21
慶始弟慶遵，武定末，瀛州騎府司馬。
Qing Shi's younger brother Qingzun ended Wuding as Yingzhou's cavalry marshal.
22
慶遵弟慶智，美容貌，有几案才。 著作佐郎、司徒中兵參軍。 卒於太尉主簿。
Qingzun's brother Qingzhi was fair of face and skilled at paperwork. He served as History Office assistant and army adjutant under the Minister of Works. He died as chief clerk to the Grand Preceptor.
23
法壽弟法僧，自太尉行參軍稍轉通直郎，寧遠將軍，司徒、司馬掾，龍驤將軍，益州刺史。 素無治幹，加以貪虐，殺戮自任，威怒無恒。 王賈諸姓，州內人士，法僧皆召為卒伍，無所假縱。 於是合境皆反，招引外寇。 蕭衍遣將張齊率眾攻逼，城門晝閉，行旅不通。 法僧上表曰：「臣忝守遐方，變生慮表，賊眾侜張，所在強盛。 統內城戍悉已陷沒，近州之民亦皆擾叛。 唯獨州治僅存而已，亡滅之期，非旦則夕。 臣自思忖，必是死人，但恐不得謝罪闕庭，既忝宗枝，累辱不淺。 若死為鬼，永曠天顏，九泉之下，實深重恨。 今募使間行，偷路奔告，若臺軍速至，猶希全保。 哭送使者，不知所言。」 肅宗詔曰：「比敕傅竪眼倍道兼行，而猶未達，可更遣尚書郎堪幹者一人馳驛催遣，庶令拔彼倒懸，救茲危急。」 竪眼頻破張齊，於是獲全。 徵拜光祿大夫，出為平東將軍、兗州刺史，轉安東將軍、徐州刺史。 孝昌元年，法僧殺行臺高諒，[2]反於彭城，自稱尊號，號年天啟。 大軍致討，法僧攜諸子，擁掠城內及文武，南奔蕭衍。
Younger brother Faseng advanced from adjutant to the Grand Preceptor through direct-palace gentleman, General Who Pacifies the Distance, posts under the Secretariat and Marshal, General of the Dragon, to inspector of Yizhou. He lacked all capacity to govern; greedy and brutal, he killed as he pleased and raged without measure. Leading families Wang, Jia, and others—Faseng drafted them all as soldiers and granted no mercy. The whole province rose and invited foreign foes. Xiao Yan's general Zhang Qi led troops against him; gates stayed closed by daylight and the roads were cut. Faseng wrote: "I guard a distant march in shame; rebellion flared beyond my planning; the enemy swells proud and strong on every side. Every fort in the province is lost; neighboring districts have joined the revolt. Only the capital of the province remains; ruin comes not at dawn but at dusk. I count myself dead already, yet fear I cannot answer at court; as imperial kin I have shamed the clan sorely. As a ghost I shall never again see the throne; in the grave my remorse runs deep. I send messengers by hidden routes to beg aid; if the imperial host hurries, I may yet be saved. I wept as the messenger departed and scarcely know what I wrote." Suzong replied: "I already ordered Fu Shuyan to double his march, yet he has not come; send another able Masters of Writing officer by relay to hurry him, to end their torment and save the crisis." Shuyan routed Zhang Qi again and again, and the province was saved. He was recalled as Grand Master of Splendid Happiness, then General Who Pacifies the East and inspector of Yanzhou, then the same rank at Xuzhou. In the first year of Xiaochang Faseng killed touring commissioner Gao Liang,[2] rebelled at Pengcheng, took a royal title, and proclaimed the era Heavenly Inception. The imperial host marched; Faseng carried off his sons, the city folk, and officials, and fled south to Xiao Yan.
24
鍾葵弟篤，字阿成。 太子右率、北中郎將、撫冥鎮將、光祿卿。 出除平北將軍、幽州刺史。 卒，諡曰貞。
Zhongkui's younger brother Du, courtesy name Acheng. He was right leader of the crown prince's guard, Central Palace Guard commander, commander at Fuming, and Grand Master of Splendid Happiness. He left as General Who Pacifies the North and inspector of Youzhou. His posthumous name was Zhen.
25
長子浩，字洪達。 太尉長史。
Eldest son Hao, courtesy name Hongda. He served as chief clerk to the Grand Preceptor.
26
他弟渾，繼叔父廣平王連。
Ta's younger brother Hun succeeded his uncle, Prince Lian of Guangping.
27
渾弟比陵，太延五年為司空，賜爵䍧牱公。 除安遠將軍、懷荒鎮大將。 卒。
Hun's brother Bilin in Taiyan year 5 became Minister of Works and Duke of Zangke. He was appointed General Who Pacifies the Distance and commander at Huaihuang. He died.
28
子天琚，襲。 高祖時征虜將軍、青州刺史。 從駕南征，拜後將軍，尋降公為侯，除西中郎將。 世祖時，[3]征虜將軍、夏州刺史。 卒，贈本將軍、濟州刺史。 子延伯襲。 卒。
Son Tianju succeeded. Under Gaozu he was General Who Subdues the Barbarians and inspector of Qingzhou. He followed the southern campaign, became General of the Rear, was lowered from duke to marquis, and made Western Palace Guard commander. Under Shizu[3] he was General Who Subdues the Barbarians and inspector of Xiazhou. At death he was posthumously general at his last rank and inspector of Jizhou. Son Yanbo succeeded. He died.
29
河南王曜，天興六年封。 五歲，嘗射雀於太祖前，中之，太祖驚歎焉。 及長，武藝絕人，與陽平王熙等並督諸軍講武，眾咸服其勇。 泰常七年薨，時年二十二。 有七子。
Prince Yao of Henan received his fief in Tianxing year 6. At five he shot a sparrow before Taizu and struck it; Taizu was astonished. Grown, his martial arts were unrivaled; drilling with Prince Xi of Yangping and others, all acknowledged his valor. He died in Taichang year 7 at twenty-two. He had seven sons.
30
長子提，驍烈有父風。 世祖時，襲爵，改封潁川王。 迎昭儀于塞北，時年十六，有夙成之量，殊域敬焉。 後改封武昌。 拜使持節、鎮東大將軍、平原鎮都大將。 在任十年，大著威名。 後與淮南王他討平吐京叛胡，遷使持節、車騎大將軍、統萬鎮都大將，賜馬百匹，羊千口，甚見寵待。 太安元年薨，年四十七，諡曰成王。
Eldest son Ti was fierce like his father. Under Shizu he succeeded and was made Prince of Yingchuan. At sixteen he fetched the honored consort from the northern marches; precocious in judgment, distant lands honored him. His fief was later changed to Wuchang. He received the staff as General Who Guards the East and commander at Pingyuan. In ten years of command his fame grew great. With Prince Ta of Huainan he subdued the Tujing rebels, then became bearer of the staff, Grand General of Chariots and Cavalry, commander at Tongwan, with a hundred horses and a thousand sheep—deeply favored. He died in Tai'an year 1 at forty-seven, posthumous name Prince Cheng.
31
長子平原，襲爵。 忠果有智略。 顯祖時，蠕蠕犯塞，從駕擊之，平原戰功居多。 拜假節、都督齊兗二州諸軍事、鎮南將軍、齊州刺史，善於懷撫，邊民歸附者千有餘家。
Eldest son Pingyuan succeeded. He was loyal, resolute, and resourceful. When Xianzu marched against Ruru border raids, Pingyuan's share of the victory was largest. Made acting bearer of the staff, commander of Qi and Yan, General Who Guards the South, and inspector of Qi, he won people well; over a thousand frontier households came in.
32
高祖時，妖賊司馬小君，自稱晉後，聚黨三千餘人，屯聚平陵，號年聖君。 攻破郡縣，殺害長吏。 平原身自討擊，殺七人，擒小君，送京師斬之。 又有妖人劉舉，自稱天子，扇惑百姓。 復討斬之。 時歲穀不登，齊民飢饉，平原以私米三千餘斛為粥，以全民命。 北州戍卒一千餘人，還者皆給路糧。 百姓咸稱詠之。 州民韓凝之等千餘人，詣闕頌之，高祖覽而嘉歎。
Under Gaozu the wonder-worker Sima Xiaojun styled himself heir of Jin, mustered three thousand men at Pingling, and proclaimed the era Holy Lord. They overran districts and slew their magistrates. Pingyuan led the strike himself, slew seven, seized Xiaojun, and sent him to the capital to be beheaded. Another sorcerer, Liu Ju, proclaimed himself Son of Heaven and roused the folk. Pingyuan campaigned once more and cut him down. When harvest failed and Qi went hungry, Pingyuan gave more than three thousand bushels of private grain as gruel to keep the people alive. He supplied road grain to over a thousand northern garrison troops heading home. The people sang his praise everywhere. Over a thousand Qi subjects led by Han Ningzhi petitioned at court in his praise; Gaozu read it and marveled.
33
鑒，字紹達。 少有父風，頗覽書傳。 沉重少言，寬和好士。 拜通直散騎常侍，尋加冠軍將軍，守河南尹。 車駕南伐，以鑒為平南將軍，還，除左衞將軍，出為征虜將軍、齊州刺史。 時革變之始，百度惟新，鑒上遵高祖之旨，下釆齊之舊風，軌制粲然，皆合規矩。 高祖覽其所上，嗟美者久之，顧謂侍臣曰：「諸州刺史皆能如此，變風易俗，更有何難。」 下詔褒美，班之天下，一如鑒所上。 齊人愛詠，咸曰耳目更新。 高祖崩後，和罷沙門歸俗，棄其妻子，納一寡婦曹氏為妻。 曹氏年齒已長，攜男女五人隨鑒至歷城，干亂政事。 和與曹及五子七處受納，鑒皆順其意，言無不從。 於是獄以賄成，取受狼籍，齊人苦之，鑒治名大損。
Jian, courtesy name Shaoda. Young, he bore his father's spirit and read widely. He was heavy and quiet, open-handed with scholars. He became direct-palace scattered cavalier attendant-in-ordinary, soon Champion General as well, and intendant of Henan. On the southern campaign he was General Who Pacifies the South; returning, General of the Left Guard, then General Who Subdues the Barbarians and inspector of Qi. As institutions were remade, Jian upheld Gaozu's will above and Qi practice below; his ordinances shone and all fit the standard. Gaozu read his memorials, praised them at length, and told his attendants, "Were every inspector thus, reforming the land would be easy." An edict commended him and circulated his words empire-wide. Qi folk sang of it, saying sight and hearing had been made new. After Gaozu died, He left the clergy, forsook wife and children, and married the widow Lady Cao. Lady Cao was old; she followed Jian to Licheng with five children and disturbed the administration. He, Cao, and their five children took bribes at seven posts; Jian went along with everything they wanted. Prison outcomes went to the highest bidder; bribes piled up; Qi groaned under it, and Jian's name for clean government was ruined.
34
世宗初，以本將軍轉徐州刺史。 屬徐兗大水，民多飢饉，鑒表加賑恤，民賴以濟。 先是，京兆王愉為徐州，王既年少，長史盧淵寬以馭下，郡縣多不奉法。 鑒表曰：「梁郡太守程靈虬，唯酒是耽，貪財為事，虐政殘民，寇盜並起，黷音悖響，盈於道路，部境呼嗟，僉焉怨酷。 梁郡密邇偽畿，醜聲易布，非直有點清風，臣恐取嗤荒遠。 請免所居官，以明刑憲。」 詔免靈虬郡，徵還京師，於是徐境肅然。
When Shizong came to the throne he left his standing generalship for the Xuzhou inspectorate. Flood struck Xu and Yan; famine spread; Jian asked for extra relief, and the province was kept alive. Before this, Prince Yu of Jingzhao had governed Xuzhou; he was young, and Chief Administrator Lu Yuan ruled the staff loosely, so counties rarely kept the law. Jian wrote: "Cheng Lingqiu, prefect of Liang, drinks without cease, hoards wealth, tortures his people, and lets bandits run wild; obscene songs and riotous noise choke the roads; his district wails; everyone calls him cruel. Liang lies hard against the Southern capital; scandal travels fast; it will stain more than local reputations—we may be laughed at in the borderlands. I ask that he be removed from office so the law may be seen to bite." The throne stripped Lingqiu of Liang and recalled him to the capital; Xu grew quiet after that.
35
長子伯宗，員外郎； 次仲淵，蘭陵太守。 並早卒。 仲淵弟季偉，武定中，太尉中兵參軍。
His eldest son Bozong was an outer-office gentleman; the second, Zhongyuan, was prefect of Lanling. Both died young. Zhongyuan's younger brother Jiwei, in the Wuding era, served as central army aide to the Grand Marshal.
36
和，字善意。 鑒薨之後，與鑒子伯宗競求承襲。 尚書令肇奏：「和太和中出為沙門，讓爵於鑒。 鑒後以和子顯年在弱冠，宜承基緒，求遜王爵以歸正胤。 先朝詔終鑒身，聽如其請。 鑒既薨逝，和求襲封。 謹尋詔旨，聽傳子顯，不許其身。 和先讓後求，有乖道素，請令伯宗承襲。」 世宗詔曰：「和初以讓鑒，而鋻還讓其子，交讓之道，於是乎著。 其子早終，可聽和襲。」 尋拜諫議大夫、兼太子率更令，轉通直散騎常侍、兼東中郎將。 肅宗時，出為輔國將軍、涼州刺史，坐事免。 久之，除東郡太守。 正光四年薨，贈安東將軍、相州刺史。
He, styled Shanyi. After Jian died, he fought Jian's son Bozong over the succession. Director Gao Zhao wrote: "In Taihe, He took the tonsure and gave the fief to Jian. Later Jian, seeing He's son Xian still barely grown, asked to step aside and restore the line to the true heir. The prior reign allowed this for Jian's lifetime. When Jian was gone, He pressed to inherit the title. The edict, read closely, passed the fief to Xian, not to He himself. He yielded, then demanded—against all decency; let Bozong succeed." Shizong ruled: "He first yielded to Jian, and Jian yielded back to He's son; their exchange of deference stands as an example. That son died young; let He inherit." He was soon made remonstrating grandee and concurrent master of the crown prince's rate revision, then direct-palace scattered cavalier attendant and eastern central army general. Under Suzong he went out as supporting-the-state general and Liangzhou inspector, then was dismissed for a crime. Long afterward he was made prefect of Dongjun. He died in Zhenguang 4 and was posthumously made pacifying-the-east general and Xiangzhou inspector.
37
子謙，字思義，襲爵。 後拜前軍將軍、征蠻都督。 莊帝初，於河陰遇害。 贈散騎常侍、征東大將軍、儀同三司、相州刺史。 子棽襲。 齊受禪，爵例降。
His son Qian, styled Siyi, inherited the fief. Later he was made forward army general and commander for subduing the barbarians. At the start of Zhuangdi's reign he was killed at Heyin. Posthumously he was scattered cavalier attendant, general who subdues the east, bearer of ceremonial equal to the Three Excellencies, and Xiangzhou inspector. His son Sen inherited. When Qi took the throne, noble ranks were lowered by precedent.
38
鑒弟榮，字瓫生。 高祖時直寢，從駕征新野。 終於羽林監。
Jian's younger brother Rong, styled Pisheng. Under Gaozu he served in the inner guard and followed the throne against Xinye. He ended as supervisor of the Feathered Forest.
39
榮弟亮，字辟邪。 威遠將軍、羽林監。 卒，贈河間太守。
Rong's younger brother Liang, styled Bixie. General of majestic might and supervisor of the Feathered Forest. He died and was posthumously made prefect of Hejian.
40
亮弟馗，字道明。 太尉府行參軍、司徒掾、鎮遠將軍、太僕少卿。 出除安西將軍、東秦州刺史。 建義初，卒於州，[4]贈征東將軍、青州刺史。
Liang's younger brother Kui, styled Daoming. He was staff officer in the Grand Marshal's office, secretariat aide, general who pacifies the distance, and vice director of the Imperial Stud. He left court as general who pacifies the west and inspector of Eastern Qin. In the opening of Jianyi he died in office; [4] posthumously he was general who subdues the east and Qingzhou inspector.
41
河間王脩，天賜四年封。 泰常元年薨，無子。
Prince Xiu of Hejian was enfeoffed in Tiansi 4. In Taichang 1 he died without heirs.
42
世祖繼絕世，詔河南王曜之子羯兒襲脩爵，改封略陽。 後與永昌王健督諸軍討禿髮保周於番和，徙張掖民數百家於武威，遂與諸將私自沒入。 坐貪暴，降爵為公。 後統河西諸軍襲蠕蠕，至於漠南。 仍復王爵，加征西大將軍。 正平初，有罪賜死，爵除。
Shizu revived the line and had Jie'er, son of Prince Yao of Henan, succeed Xiu, re-enfeoffed as Prince of Lüeyang. Later he and King Jian of Yongchang marched on Tufa Baozhou at Fanhe, moved hundreds of Zhangye households to Wuwei, then with other commanders kept them for private spoil. For greed and violence his rank was cut to duke. Later he led the Hexi armies against the Rouran as far as the southern desert. His princely title was restored and he was made additional general who subdues the west. At the start of Zhengping he was sentenced to death for a crime; the fief was abolished.
43
長樂王處文，天賜四年封。 聰辯夙成。 年十四，泰常元年薨，太宗悼傷之，自小斂至葬，常親臨哀慟。 陪葬金陵。 無子，爵除。
Prince Chuwen of Changle was enfeoffed in Tiansi 4. From childhood he was clever and quick-tongued. He died at fourteen in Taichang 1; Taizong mourned him, attending every rite from encoffment to burial. He was buried with honor at Jinling. He left no son; the fief lapsed.
44
廣平王連，天賜四年封。 始光四年薨，無子。
Prince Lian of Guangping was enfeoffed in Tiansi 4. In Shiguang 4 he died without heirs.
45
世祖繼絕世，以陽平王熙之第二子渾為南平王，以繼連後，加平西將軍。 渾好弓馬，射鳥，輒歷飛而殺之，[5]時皆歎異焉。 世祖嘗命左右分射，勝者中的，籌滿，詔渾解之，三發皆中，世祖大悅。 器其藝能，常引侍左右，賜馬百匹，僮僕數十人。 後拜假節、都督平州諸軍事、領護東夷校尉、鎮東大將軍、儀同三司、平州刺史，鎮和龍。 在州綏導有方，民夷悅之。 徙涼州鎮將、都督西戎諸軍事、領護西域校尉，賜御馬二匹。 臨鎮清慎，恩著涼土。 更滿還京，父老皆涕泣追送，若違所親。 太和十一年，從駕巡方山，道薨。
Shizu revived the line by making Hun, second son of Prince Xi of Yangping, Prince of Nanping to continue Lian, with additional general who pacifies the west. Hun loved archery and horses; shooting birds, he would kill them on the wing in succession; [5] everyone marveled. Shizu once had his attendants shoot for stakes; whoever hit filled the tally; Hun was told to shoot and hit three times running; Shizu was delighted. He prized Hun's skill, kept him close, and gave him a hundred horses and several dozen servants. Later he held provisional credentials, commanded Pingzhou armies, protected the eastern Yi as colonel, guarded the east as general, bore ceremonial equal to the Three Excellencies, and governed Pingzhou from Helong. In office his rule was sound; settlers and tribes alike were content. He was shifted to Liangzhou garrison commander, commander of western Rong armies, and colonel protecting the western regions, with two imperial horses. He took office chaste and careful; his kindness spread through Liang. When his term ended and he returned to court, elders wept and followed him as if losing kin. In Taihe 11, following the throne on a tour of Mount Fangshan, he died on the road.
46
子飛龍，襲，後賜名霄。 身長九尺，腰帶十圍，容貌魁偉。 雅有風則，貞白卓然，好直言正諫，朝臣憚之。 高祖特垂欽重，除宗正卿、右光祿大夫，詔曰：「自今奏事，諸臣相稱可云姓名，惟南平王一人可直言其封。」 遷左光祿大夫。 太和十七年薨，賜朝服一具、衣一襲、東園第一祕器、絹千匹。 高祖緦衰臨霄喪，哀慟左右，醼不舉樂。 贈衞將軍、定州刺史，賜帛五百匹。 諡曰安王。
His son Feilong inherited; later he was granted the name Xiao. He stood nine feet tall, belt ten spans round, towering in bearing. He had style, stood unbending, loved blunt counsel, and ministers feared him. Gaozu favored him especially, made him director of the imperial clan and right honored grandee, and ruled: "In memorials hereafter all ministers may be named; only the Prince of Nanping may be named by his title." He was moved to left honored grandee. In Taihe 17 he died; the court gave court robes, a suit, first-grade eastern garden coffin ware, and a thousand bolts of silk. Gaozu came in hemp mourning to Xiao's rites, grieving those around him; banquets went without music. Posthumously he was guards general and Dingzhou inspector, with five hundred bolts of silk. His posthumous title was Prince An.
47
子纂，襲。 纂亦有譽於時，除恢武將軍，進平西將軍，領西中郎將，出為安北將軍、平州刺史。 景明元年，薨於平城。
His son Zuan inherited. Zuan too was praised in his day; he was restoring martial general, then general who pacifies the west and western central army general, then general who pacifies the north and Pingzhou inspector. In Jingming 1 he died at Pingcheng.
48
子伯和，襲。 永平三年薨，贈散騎侍郎，諡曰哀王。 [6]
His son Bohe inherited. In Yongping 3 he died; posthumously scattered cavalier attendant-in-ordinary; posthumous title Prince Ai. The text is deficient.
49
〈闕〉 統卒，贈涼州刺史。
〈The text is deficient.〉 Tong died; posthumously he was Liangzhou inspector.
50
子思略，武定末瀛州治中。
His son Silue, late in Wuding, was Yingzhou administrator.
51
思略弟叔略，武定中太尉主簿。
Silue's younger brother Shulue, in Wuding, was chief clerk of the Grand Marshal.
52
京兆王黎，天賜四年封，神䴥元年薨。
Prince Li of Jingzhao was enfeoffed in Tiansi 4 and died in Shenjue 1.
53
子根，襲，改封江陽王，加平北將軍。 薨，無子，顯祖以南平王霄第二子繼為根後。
His son Gen inherited, was re-enfeoffed as Prince of Jiangyang, and made additional general who pacifies the north. He died without heirs; Xianzu made Xiao, second son of Prince Xiao of Nanping, continue Gen's line.
54
繼，字世仁。 襲封江陽王，加平北將軍。 高祖時，除使持節、安北將軍、撫冥鎮都大將，轉都督柔玄、撫冥、懷荒三鎮諸軍事、鎮北將軍、柔玄鎮大將。 入為左衞將軍，兼侍中，又兼中領軍，留守洛京。 尋除持節、平北將軍，鎮攝舊都。
Ji, styled Shiren. He inherited as Prince of Jiangyang with additional general who pacifies the north. Under Gaozu he bore credentials as general who pacifies the north and Fuming garrison commander, then commanded Rouxuan, Fuming, and Huaihuang garrisons as general who guards the north. He entered as left guards general and palace attendant, then also central army commander, guarding Luoyang. Soon he bore credentials as general who pacifies the north, garrisoning the old capital.
55
高車酋帥樹者擁部民反叛，詔繼都督北討諸軍事，自懷朔已東悉禀繼節度。 繼表：「高車頑黨，不識威憲，輕相合集，背役逃歸。 計其兇戾，事合窮極，若悉追戮，恐遂擾亂。 請遣使鎮別推檢，斬愆首一人，自餘加以慰喻，若悔悟從役者，即令赴軍。」 詔從之。 於是叛徒往往歸順。 高祖善之，顧謂侍臣曰：「江陽良足大任也。」 車駕北巡，至鄴而高車悉降，恒朔清定。 繼以高車擾叛，頻表請罪，高祖優詔喻之。
Gaoche chief Shuze rebelled with his tribes; Ji was made commander of northern punitive armies; from Huaishuo east all fell under his command. Ji wrote: "The Gaoche are stubborn and know neither awe nor law; they band lightly, desert duty, and flee. By rights they should be destroyed root and branch; but wholesale slaughter may only spread chaos. Send envoys to each post to investigate, behead one ringleader, comfort the rest, and let any who repent return to the ranks." The throne agreed. Rebels then often came back in. Gaozu approved and told his ministers, "The Prince of Jiangyang is fit for heavy trust." The throne toured north to Ye; the Gaoche surrendered; Heng and Shu were quiet. Ji kept memorializing to take blame for the Gaoche revolt; Gaozu answered with a gracious edict.
56
世宗時，除征虜將軍、青州刺史，轉平北將軍、恒州刺史，入為度支尚書。 繼在青州之日，民飢餒，為家僮取民女為婦妾，又以良人為婢，為御史所彈，坐免官爵。 後大將軍高肇伐蜀，世宗以繼為平東將軍，鎮遏徐揚。 世宗崩，班師。
Under Shizong he was general who subdues the barbarians and Qingzhou inspector, then general who pacifies the north and Hengzhou inspector, then director of revenue. In Qingzhou, while the people starved, Ji's slaves took commoners' daughters and free men as servants; the censors impeached him and he lost office and title. Later Grand Marshal Gao Zhao marched on Shu; Shizong made Ji general who pacifies the east to hold Xu and Yang. When Shizong died, the armies withdrew.
57
及靈太后臨朝，繼子叉先納太后妹，復繼尚書、本封，尋除侍中、領軍將軍。 又除特進、驃騎將軍，侍中、領軍如故。 繼頻表固讓，許之。 又詔還依前授。 太師、高陽王雍，太傅、清河王懌，太保、廣平王懷及門下八座，奏追論繼太和中慰喻高車、安輯四鎮之勳，增邑一千五百戶。 繼又上表陳讓，詔聽減戶五百。 靈太后以子叉姻戚，數與肅宗幸繼宅，置酒高會，班賜有加。 尋加侍中、驃騎大將軍、儀同三司，特進、領軍如故。 徙封京兆王。 繼疾患積年，枕養于家，每至靈太后與肅宗遊幸於外，時令扶入，居守禁內。 及節慶宴饗，皆力疾參焉。 遷司空公，侍中如故。 寬和容裕，號為長者。
When Empress Dowager Ling ruled, Cha had married her sister; Ji was restored to director of the Masters of Writing and his fief, then palace attendant and army commander. He was also special grandee and rapid cavalry general, retaining palace attendant and army command. Ji memorialized again and again to decline; the court allowed it. Another edict restored the former appointments. Grand Preceptor Yong of Gaoyang, Grand Tutor Yi of Qinghe, Grand Guardian Huai of Guangping, and the eight secretariat seats asked to review Ji's Taihe service with the Gaoche and four garrisons and add fifteen hundred households. Ji declined again; the throne cut the grant by five hundred households. As Cha was kin by marriage, Ling often feasted at Ji's house with Suzong and heaped gifts on him. Soon he was also palace attendant, general of rapid cavalry, and bearer of ceremonial equal to the Three Excellencies, keeping special grandee and army command. He was re-enfeoffed as Prince of Jingzhao. Ji had been ill for years at home; whenever Ling and Suzong left the capital, they had him carried in to guard the inner palace. At seasonal feasts he dragged himself in though sick. He was made minister of works, retaining palace attendant. Easy in manner, he was called an elder.
58
神龜末，子叉得志，轉司徒公，仍加侍中。 繼以蕃王，宿宦舊貴，高祖時歷內外顯任，意遇已隆。 靈太后臨朝，入居心膂，兼處門下，歷轉台司，叉又居權重，榮赫一世。 繼頻表遜位，乞以司徒授崔光。 詔遣侍中、安豐王延明，給事黃門侍郎盧同敦勸。 繼又啟固讓，轉太保，侍中如故，加後部鼓吹，頻表陳辭，不許。 詔曰：「至節嘉辰，禮有朝慶，親尊戚老，理宜優異。 王位高年宿，可依齊郡王簡故事，朝訖引坐，免其拜伏。」 轉太傅，侍中如故。 頻讓不許，又遣使敦勸，乃受之。 時叉執殺生之柄，威福自己，門生故吏遍於省闥，拜受之日，送者傾朝，當世以為榮，有識者為之致懼。 太官給酒膳，供賓客。 又詔令乘步挽至殿庭，兩人扶侍，禮秩與丞相高陽王相埒。 後除使持節、侍中、太師、大將軍、錄尚書事、大都督，節度西道諸軍。 及出師之日，車駕臨餞，傾朝祖送，賞賜萬計。 轉太尉公，侍中、太師、錄尚書、都督並如故。 尋詔班師。 繼啟求還復江陽，詔從之。
Late in Shengui, when Cha rose, he was made minister of the masses, still palace attendant. A frontier prince and long-serving noble, he had held high posts under Gaozu inside and outside court. Under Ling he entered her inner circle and the secretariat, rose through the terrace, while Cha held power—glory for an age. Ji repeatedly asked to step down and give the ministry of the masses to Cui Guang. The throne sent Yanming of Anfeng and Lu Tong of the yellow gate to urge him. Ji declined again; he was made grand guardian, still palace attendant, with rear guard music; he kept declining and was refused. An edict said: "At great festivals the court celebrates; kin and elders deserve special honor. His rank is high and his years many; follow Prince Jian of Qi—after audience, seat him and spare bowing." He was made grand tutor, still palace attendant. He kept declining; envoys urged again; then he accepted. Cha then held life and death in his hand; clients filled the ministries; on investiture day the court turned out to see him—some called it glory, the wise called it dread. The imperial kitchen supplied feast and wine. Another edict let him ride a hand-drawn carriage to court, two men at his arms; ritual rank matched Chancellor Yong of Gaoyang. Later he bore credentials as palace attendant, grand preceptor, grand marshal, recorder of the Masters of Writing, and commander-in-chief of the western armies. When the armies marched, the throne came to see them off; the whole court followed; rewards were beyond count. He was made grand marshal, keeping palace attendant, grand preceptor, recorder, and command. Soon an edict recalled the armies. Ji asked to return to Jiangyang; the throne agreed.
59
叉，繼長子，字伯儁，小字夜叉。 世宗時，拜員外郎。 靈太后臨朝，以叉妹夫，除通直散騎侍郎。 叉妻封新平郡君，後遷馮翊郡君，拜女侍中。 叉以此意勢日盛，尋遷散騎常侍，光祿少卿，領嘗食典御，轉光祿卿。 叉女夭，靈太后詔曰：「叉長女，年垂弱笄，奄致夭喪，悼念兼懷，可贈鄉主。」 尋遷侍中，餘官如故，加領軍將軍。 既在門下，兼總禁兵，深為靈太后所信委。
Cha, Ji's eldest son, styled Bojun, pet name Yecha. Under Shizong he was outer-office gentleman. When Ling ruled, as son-in-law he was direct-palace scattered cavalier attendant. Cha's wife was Lady of Xinping, then Lady of Fengyi and lady attendant-in-ordinary. His power grew; soon he was scattered cavalier attendant, vice director of the honored grandee office, director of palace food service, then honored grandee. Cha's daughter died young; Ling's edict said: "Cha's eldest daughter, nearly of age, died suddenly; grief is doubled; grant her district lady." Soon he was palace attendant with other offices unchanged and additional army command. In the secretariat he also held the forbidden troops and was deeply trusted by Ling.
60
太傅、清河王懌，以親賢輔政，參決機事，以叉恃寵驕盈，志欲無限，懌裁之以法。 叉輕其為人，每欲斥黜之。 [8]叉遂令通直郎宋維告司染都尉韓文殊欲謀逆立懌，懌坐禁止。 後窮治無實，懌雖得免，猶以兵衞守於宮西別館。 久之，叉恐懌終為己害，乃與侍中劉騰密謀。 靈太后時在嘉福，未御前殿，騰詐取主食中黃門胡玄度、胡定列誣懌，云許度等金帛，令以毒藥置御食中以害帝，自望為帝，許度兄弟以富貴。 騰以具奏，肅宗聞而信之，乃御顯陽殿。 騰閉永巷門，靈太后不得出。 懌入，遇叉於含章殿後，欲入徽章東閤，叉厲聲不聽。 懌曰：「汝欲反邪？」 叉曰：「元叉不反，正欲縛反人。」 叉命宗士及直齋等三十人執懌衣袂，將入含章東省，使數十人防守之。 騰稱詔召集公卿，議以大逆論，咸畏憚叉，無敢異者。 唯僕射游肇執意不同。 語在其傳。 叉、騰持公卿議入奏，俄而事可，夜中殺懌。 於是假為靈太后辭遜之詔。 叉遂與太師高陽王雍等輔政，常直禁中，肅宗呼為姨父。
Grand Tutor Yi of Qinghe, kinsman and worthy, shared government; Cha, swollen with favor and limitless ambition, Yi checked by law. Cha despised him and kept trying to oust him. [8] Cha had direct-palace gentleman Song Wei accuse Han Wenshu, director of the dye office, of plotting to set up Yi; Yi was confined. Investigation found nothing; Yi was freed but still guarded in a lodge west of the palace. In time Cha feared Yi would destroy him and plotted secretly with Liu Teng. Ling was at Jiafu, not in the front hall; Teng seized food-service attendants Hu Xuandu and Hu Ding and accused Yi of promising them gold to poison the emperor's food, seize the throne, and enrich the Hu brothers. Teng laid out the charge; Suzong believed it and held court at Xianyang Hall. Teng shut the Eternal Lane gate; Ling could not leave. Yi entered and met Cha behind Hanzhang Hall; trying to enter Huizhang's eastern gate, Cha shouted him back. Yi said, "Do you mean to rebel?" Cha said, "Yuan Cha does not rebel; I mean to bind the rebel." Cha had some thirty clan guards seize Yi by the sleeves and drag him into Hanzhang's eastern office under guard. Teng, claiming an edict, called the excellencies to judge great treason; all feared Cha and none dissented. Only Vice Director You Zhao disagreed. His biography tells the rest. Cha and Teng submitted the verdict; it was approved; Yi was killed at midnight. They forged an edict in which Ling declined the regency. Cha then ruled with Yong of Gaoyang and others, always in the inner palace; Suzong called him uncle.
61
自後專綜機要，巨細決之，威振於內外，百僚重跡。 相州刺史、中山王熙抗表起義，以討叉為名，不果，見誅。 叉尋遷衞將軍，餘如故。 後靈太后與肅宗醼於西林園，日暮還宮，右衞將軍奚康生復欲圖叉，不克而誅。 語在其傳。 是後，肅宗徙御徽音殿，叉亦入居殿右。 既在密近，曲盡佞媚，以承上旨，遂蒙寵信。 出入禁中，恒令勇士持刀劍以自先後，公私行止，彌加威防。 叉於千秋門外廠下施木闌檻，有時出入，止息其中，腹心防守，以備竊發，人物求見者，遙對之而已。 乃封其子亮平原郡開國公，食邑一千戶。 及拜，肅宗御南門臨觀，并賜御馬，帛千匹。
From then on he held every lever; great and small affairs were his; power shook court and realm; officials walked in fear. Prince Xi of Zhongshan, Xiangzhou inspector, rose in righteous protest to punish Cha; he failed and was killed. Cha was soon made guards general with other offices unchanged. Later Ling feasted with Suzong in Xilin Garden; at dusk, Right Guards General Xi Kangsheng plotted against Cha and was killed. His biography tells the rest. Afterward Suzong moved to Huiyin Hall; Cha lodged on its right. Close to the throne, he flattered without cease and won trust. In the palace he kept armed braves before and behind; public or private, his guard grew heavier. Below the Thousand Autumns Gate he built a wooden pen; he rested there coming and going; trusted men watched against attack; petitioners spoke only from a distance. He enfeoffed his son Liang as duke of Pingyuan with a thousand households. At investiture Suzong watched from the southern gate and gave imperial horses and a thousand bolts of silk.
62
初，叉之專政，矯情自飾，勞謙待士，時事得失，頗以關懷，而才術空淺，終無遠致。 得志之後，便驕愎，耽酒好色，與奪任情。 乃於禁中自作別庫掌握之，寶充牣其中。 [9]又曾臥婦人於食輿，以帊覆之，令人輿入禁內，出亦如之，直衞雖知，莫敢言者。 輕薄趣勢之徒，以酒色事之，姑姊婦女，朋淫無別。 政事怠惰，綱紀不舉，州鎮守宰，多非其人。 於是天下遂亂矣。
At first Cha affected modesty and courted scholars, even noting the times' faults—but his talent was shallow and nothing lasting came of it. Once secure, he turned arrogant, drank, chased women, gave and took at whim. He built a private vault in the palace and stuffed it with treasure. [9] He once had a woman lie in the food cart, covered with cloth, and carried into the palace; the guard knew and dared not speak. Men who chased favor served him with wine and sex; aunts, sisters, and wives mingled without shame. Government slackened; law went unenforced; provincial and garrison posts went to the wrong men. The realm then fell into disorder.
63
從劉騰死後，防衞微緩，叉頗亦自寬，時宿於外，每日出遊，留連他邑。 靈太后微察知之。 叉積習生常，無復虞慮。 其所親諫叉，叉又不納。 正光五年秋，靈太后對肅宗謂羣臣曰：「隔絕我母子，不聽我往來兒間，復何用我為？ 放我出家，我當永絕人間，修道於嵩高閑居寺。 先帝聖鑒，鑒於未然，本營此寺者正為我今日。」 欲自下髮。 肅宗與羣臣大懼，叩頭泣涕，殷勤苦請。 靈太后聲色甚厲，意殊不回。 肅宗乃宿於嘉福殿，積數日，遂與太后密謀圖叉。 肅宗內雖圖之，外形彌密，靈太后瞋忿之言，欲得往來顯陽之意，皆以告叉。 又對叉流涕，敍太后欲出家，憂怖之心。 如此密言，日有數四。 叉殊不為疑，乃勸肅宗從太后意。 於是太后數御顯陽，二宮無復禁礙。
After Liu Teng died, guards eased; Cha eased too, often sleeping out and roaming other towns. Ling noticed in secret. Habit had dulled Cha; he took no precautions. Kin who warned him were ignored. In autumn, Zhenguang 5, Ling told Suzong before the court: "You wall me off from my son—of what use am I? Let me take the tonsure and leave the world for Songgao Xianju Temple. The late emperor foresaw this; he built that temple for this day." She reached for the shears. Suzong and the ministers were terrified; they kowtowed and wept and begged. Ling's voice was harsh; she would not relent. Suzong lodged at Jiafu for days and secretly plotted with Ling against Cha. Within, Suzong plotted; outwardly he grew stricter; Ling's anger and her wish to visit Xianyang were all told to Cha. He wept before Cha too, telling how Ling meant to take the tonsure and how afraid he was. Such secret talk came several times a day. Cha suspected nothing and urged Suzong to yield to Ling. Then Ling often held court at Xianyang; the two palaces were no longer barred.
64
叉舉其親元法僧為徐州刺史，法僧據州反叛，靈太后數以為言，叉深愧悔。 丞相、高陽王雍，雖位重於叉，而甚畏憚，欲進言於肅宗，而事無因。 會太后與肅宗南遊洛水，雍邀請，車駕遂幸雍第。 日晏，肅宗及太后至雍內室，從者莫得而入，遂定圖叉之計。 後雍從肅宗朝太后，乃進言曰：「臣不慮天下諸賊，唯慮元叉。 何者？ 叉總握禁旅，兵皆屬之； 父率百萬之眾，虎視京西； 弟為都督，總三齊之眾。 元叉無心則已，若其有心，聖朝將何以抗？ 叉雖曰不反，誰見其心？ 而不可不懼。」 太后曰：「然。 元郎若忠於朝廷而無反心，何故不去此領軍，以餘官輔政？」 叉聞之，甚懼，免冠求解。 乃以叉為驃騎大將軍、儀同三司、尚書令、侍中、領左右。 叉雖去兵權，然總任內外，殊不慮有黜廢之理也。 後叉出宿，遂解其侍中。 旦欲入宮，門者不納。 尋除名為民。
Cha made his kinsman Yuan Faseng Xuzhou inspector; Faseng rebelled and held the province; Ling spoke of it again and again; Cha was ashamed. Chancellor Yuan Yong, prince of Gaoyang, outranked Yuan Cha yet feared him deeply and could find no opening to warn Emperor Xiaozong. When the empress dowager and Xiaozong went south along the Luo, Yong invited them and the court called at his house. At dusk Xiaozong and the dowager entered Yong's private rooms alone with him and fixed the plan to bring Cha down. Later, attending Xiaozong at audience with the dowager, Yong said, "I fear no rebels in the empire—only Yuan Cha. Why so? He commands the palace guard and every soldier answers to him; his father leads a million men and eyes the western approaches to the capital; his brother is area commander over all three Qi provinces. If Yuan Cha means no harm, well and good—but if he does, what can the court oppose him with? He may deny rebellion, but who can read his mind? Fear him we must nonetheless." The dowager said, "True. If Yuan is loyal and plots no revolt, why keep him as commander of the guards—give him other posts and let him aid government that way?" Cha heard and was terrified; he doffed his cap and asked to resign. He was made grand general who conquers on horseback, bearer of the triple staff, director of the secretariat, palace attendant, and director of the left and right. Stripped of the army, he still ran court and camp alike and never imagined he could be removed. When he stayed out overnight, his palace attendant title was taken away. At dawn he tried to enter the palace; the gates refused him. Soon he was erased from the registers and reduced to commoner status.
65
初，咸陽王禧以逆見誅，其子樹奔蕭衍，衍封為鄴王。 及法僧反叛後，樹遺公卿百僚書曰：
Earlier Prince Xi of Xianyang was executed for treason; his son Shu fled to Xiao Yan, who made him prince of Ye. After Fa Seng rebelled, Shu wrote the chief ministers and officials:
66
魏室不造，姦豎擅朝，社稷阽危，綴旒非譬。 元叉險慝狼戾，人倫不齒，屬籍疏遠，素無問望，特以太后姻婭，早蒙寵擢。 曾不懷音，公行反噬，肆茲悖逆，人神同憤。 自頃境土所傳，皆云：叉狼心蠆毒，藉權位而日滋； 含忍諂詐，與日月而彌甚。 無君之心，非復一日； 篡逼之事，旦暮必行。
Wei is ill-starred: vicious minions hold the court, the altars totter, and the royal fringe dangles by a thread. Yuan Cha is treacherous, cruel, and wolfish—no fit member of society; a distant name on the clan rolls without repute, he rose only through the dowager's kin. He never repaid kindness; he bit the hand that fed him and flaunted rebellion until men and gods alike raged. Lately every report from the provinces says his heart is wolfish and scorpion-venomed and that he swells daily on borrowed power; he swallows insult while piling on flattery and fraud, worse with every passing day. Disloyalty to the throne is no new thing with him; seizure of the throne may come at any dawn or dusk.
67
抑又聞之，夫名以出信，信以制義，山川隱疾，且猶不以名，成師兆亂，巨君不臣，求之史籍，有自來矣。 元叉本名夜叉，弟羅實名羅剎，夜叉、羅剎，此鬼食人，非遇黑風，事同飄墮。 嗚呼魏境！ 離此二災。 惡木盜泉，不息不飲； 勝名梟稱，不入不為。 況昆季此名，表能噬物，日露久矣，始信斯言。 況乃母后幽辱，繼主蒙塵，釋位揮戈，言謀王室，不在今日，何謂人臣！ 諸賢或弈世載德，或將相繼踵，或受任累朝，或職居機要，或姻戚匪他，或忠義是秉，俛眉逆手，見制凶威，臣節未申，徒有勤悴。
Moreover names must carry trust and trust must bind duty: even hidden ills of land and river are not lightly named—when armies form, chaos is foretold; a great lord who will not serve his prince has precedent on every page of history. Yuan Cha was originally named Yecha and his brother Luo was truly Luosha—night-demons and rakshasas that devour men, swept away only when black wind strikes. Alas for Wei! Free yourselves of these two scourges. Under a wicked tree, at a stolen spring—neither rest nor drink; a triumphant name, an owl's title—neither enter nor act. How much worse when brothers bear such names, advertising their taste for flesh—the sun has exposed them long since, and the omen is believed. Moreover the dowager suffers outrage in seclusion and the reigning lord is dishonored; casting off office and taking up arms while plotting the royal house—not since yesterday—what minister is this! Some of you inherit virtue for generations, some fill general and ministerial posts in succession, some serve many reigns, some sit at the hinges of power, some are marriage kin beyond the ordinary, some are sworn to loyalty—yet you bow and yield to brutal force, your service unperformed, your labor wasted.
68
又聞自叉專政，億兆離德，重以歲時災厲，年年水旱，牛馬殪踣，桑柘焦枯，饑饉相仍，菜色滿道，妖災告譴，人皆歎息。 瀍澗西北，羌戎陸梁； 泗汴左右，戍漕流離。 加以剖斮忠賢，殲殄宗室，哀彼本邦，一朝橫潰。 今既率師，將除君側。 區區之懷，庶令冠屨得所，大憝同必誅之戮，魏祀無忽諸之非。
It is also said that since Cha seized power the people have turned from virtue; floods, drought, and plague year on year kill cattle and horses, wither the mulberry fields, and leave famine upon famine until hunger colors every road—omens cry out and all men sigh. Northwest of Chan and Jian the Qiang and Rong run riot; along the Si and Bian the garrison and transport troops scatter in exile. Loyal men are cut down and the imperial clan wiped out; pity the homeland—overturned in a single morning. I now lead troops to purge the evil beside the throne. In my humble wish, may rank and station be restored, the arch-villain share the death all demand, and Wei's rites suffer no lapse.
69
叉為遠近所惡如此。
Such was the hatred Yuan Cha drew from every quarter.
70
其後靈太后顧謂侍臣曰：「劉騰、元叉昔邀朕索鐵券，望得不死，朕賴不與。」 中書舍人韓子熙曰：「事關殺活，豈計與否。 陛下昔雖不與，何解今日不殺？」 靈太后憮然。 未幾，有人告叉及其弟爪謀反，欲令其黨攻近京諸縣，破市燒邑郭以驚動內外，先遣其從弟洪業率六鎮降戶反於定州，又令人勾魯陽諸蠻侵擾伊闕，叉兄弟為內應。 起事有日，得其手書。 靈太后以妹壻之故，未忍便決。 黃門侍郎李琰之曰：「元叉之罪，具騰遐邇，豈容復停，以惑視聽。」 黃門徐紇趨前欲諫，逡巡未敢。 羣臣固執不已，肅宗又以為言，太后乃從之。 於是叉及弟爪並賜死於家。 太后猶以妹故，復追贈叉侍中、驃騎大將軍、儀同三司、尚書令、冀州刺史。
Later Empress Dowager Hu told her attendants, "Liu Teng and Yuan Cha once begged me for iron tallies promising they would not die; I was lucky to refuse." Secretariat gentleman Han Zixi said, "Life and death were at stake—what matter grant or refusal? You did not grant them then—why spare them now?" The dowager was unsettled. Soon someone accused Cha and his brother Zhao of plotting revolt: their faction would strike counties near the capital, sack markets and burn suburbs to shock court and country, while Cha's cousin Hongye would raise the six-garrison surrenderers at Ding Province and agents would stir the Luyang tribes against Yique—with the brothers as insiders. A date was fixed for the uprising and his own hand was captured. Empress Dowager Hu, for her sister's sake, hesitated to act. Yellow gate gentleman Li Yanzhi said, "Yuan Cha's crimes are known everywhere—how can execution wait and confuse the court?" Yellow gate Xu He stepped forward to object, wavered, and held his tongue. The ministers pressed hard; Xiaozong spoke too, and the dowager consented. Cha and his brother Zhao were then ordered to die at home. For her sister's sake the dowager still posthumously restored Cha as palace attendant, grand general who conquers on horseback, bearer of the triple staff, director of the secretariat, and inspector of Ji.
71
叉子亮，襲祖爵。 齊受禪，例降。
Cha's son Liang inherited his grandfather's enfeoffment. When Qi took the mandate, titles were reduced by precedent.
72
叉庶長子稚，[10]祕書郎中。 叉死之後，遂亡奔蕭衍。
Cha's eldest son by a concubine, Zhi, served as secretariat gentleman.[10] When Cha died he took refuge with Xiao Yan.
73
叉弟羅，字仲綱，以儉素著稱。 起家司空參軍事，轉司徒主簿，領嘗食典御、散騎侍郎、散騎常侍。 雖父兄貴盛，而虛己謙退，恂恂接物。 遷平東將軍、青州刺史。 叉當朝專政，羅望傾四海，于時才名之士王元景、邢子才、李奬等咸為其賓客，從遊青土。 時蕭衍遣將寇邊，以羅行撫軍將軍，都督青光南青三州諸軍事。 罷州，入為宗正卿。 孝莊初，除尚書右僕射、東道大使。 出帝時，遷尚書令，尋除使持節、驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司、梁州刺史。 羅既懦怯，孝靜初，蕭衍遣將圍逼，羅以州降。 叉死之後，羅逼叉妻，時人穢之。 或云其救命之計也。
Cha's brother Luo, styled Zhonggang, was noted for plain frugality. He entered service as aide in the ministry of works, became chief clerk in the ministry of education, and held director of imperial viands, supernumerary cavalier attendant, and regular cavalier attendant. Though his father and brothers were at the height of power, he remained humble and courteous in all dealings. He was promoted to general who pacifies the east and inspector of Qing. While Cha ruled the court, Luo's renown swayed the empire; Wang Yuanjing, Xing Zicai, Li Jiang, and other leading men were his clients and traveled with him to Qing. When Xiao Yan's generals raided the frontier, Luo was made general who comforts the army and area commander over Qing, Guang, and southern Qing. Leaving the province, he entered court as director of the imperial clan. At Emperor Xiaozhuang's accession he became right vice director of the secretariat and grand ambassador of the eastern route. Under the outgoing emperor he became director of the secretariat, then bearer of the staff, grand general who conquers on horseback, bearer of the triple staff with an office equal to the three excellencies, and inspector of Liang. Timid by nature, at the start of Emperor Xiaojing's reign he surrendered Liang when Xiao Yan's generals besieged it. After Cha died, Luo forced Cha's wife—a deed men of the time despised. Some said it was a stratagem to save his own life.
74
羅弟爽，字景喆。 少而機警，尤為父所寵愛。 解褐祕書郎，稍遷給事黃門侍郎、金紫光祿大夫。 永熙二年卒，贈使持節、都督涇岐秦三州諸軍事、衞將軍、尚書左僕射、秦州刺史，諡曰懿。
Luo's brother Shuang was styled Jingzhe. Clever and quick from youth, he was his father's favorite. On first appointment he was secretariat gentleman, then rose to attendant of the yellow gate and grand master of splendid brightness with golden seal and purple ribbon. He died in Yongxi year 2 and was posthumously made bearer of the staff, area commander of Jing, Qi, and Qin, general of the guards, left vice director of the secretariat, and inspector of Qin, with posthumous title Yi.
75
爽子德隆，武定末，太子中庶子。
Shuang's son Delong was junior mentor of the heir apparent at the end of Wuding.
76
爽弟蠻，武定末，光祿卿。
Shuang's brother Man was director of the imperial household at the end of Wuding.
77
爪字景邕，給事中。 與兄叉同以罪誅。
Zhao, styled Jingyong, was attendant within the yellow gate. He was executed with his brother Cha for the same offense.
78
繼弟羅侯，遷洛之際，以墳陵在北，遂家於燕州之昌平郡。 內豐資產，唯以意得為適，不入京師。 有賓客往來者，必厚相禮遣，豪據北方，甚有聲稱。 叉權重，以羅侯不樂入仕，就拜昌平太守。 正光末，逆賊大俄佛保陷郡，見害。
A younger cousin, Luohou, when the capital moved to Luoyang kept his household in Changping commandery of Yan because the family tombs lay in the north. Wealthy at home, he lived as inclination dictated and never entered the capital. Guests always left with rich parting gifts; he dominated the north and enjoyed wide renown. While Cha held power, Luohou was made administrator of Changping because he would not take office willingly. At the end of Zhenguang the rebel Da'e Fobao took the commandery and killed him.
79
子景遵，直寢，太常丞。
His son Jingzun was direct attendant of the inner quarters and vice director of the imperial ancestral temple.
80
史臣曰：梟鏡為物，天實生之，知母忘父，蓋亦禽獸，元紹其人，此之不若乎！ 陽平以下，降年夭促，英才武略，未顯於時。 靜、簡二王，為時稱首。 鑒既有聲，渾亦見器。 霄荷遇高祖，繼受任太和，苟無其才，名位豈徒及也。 叉階緣寵私，智小謀大，任重才弱，遂亂天下，殺身全祀，不亦幸哉！
The historiographer writes: Heaven breeds the owl-mirror, a beast that knows its mother and forgets its father; Yuan Shao was such a man—worse still than that creature. From the prince of Yangping down, lives ended young; talent and arms never found their hour. Princes Jing and Jian led their generation in renown. Jian already had a name; Hun too was seen as promising. Xiao enjoyed Gaozu's favor and served through the Taihe years—without ability, rank and fame would not have come to them empty-handed. Cha rose on private favor: small wit, grand plots, heavy trust, weak talent—he threw the realm into chaos; to die yet keep his line in the sacrifices—was that not luck!
81
校勘記
Textual notes
82
東海太守帶峒峿戍主殿本考證據漢書卷二八上地理志上東海郡司吾，以為「峒」是「㟃」之訛。 按水經注卷二六沭水篇見「司吾山」、「司吾縣故城」。 「峒」字訛，考證說是。
"Administrator of Donghai, concurrently defender of Tongyu garrison": the Palace edition's Kaozheng, citing Hanshu 28A (Geography, upper) on Donghai commandery's Siwu, takes Tong as a corruption of the Siwu graph. Note: Shuijing zhu 26 (Shu River) mentions Mount Siwu and the old city of Siwu county. Tong is a scribal error; the emendation stands.
83
法僧殺行臺高諒諸本「諒」作「謨」，殿本據卷九肅宗紀孝昌元年正月記此事和卷五七高祐附高諒傳改作「諒」。 按北史卷一六道武七王傳也作「諒」。 「謨」字訛，今從殿本。
"Fa Seng killed mobile corps commander Gao Liang": witnesses read Liang as Mo; the Palace edition, from juan 9 (Xiaozong, Xiaochang 1.1) and juan 57 (Gao You, appended Gao Liang), restores Liang. Note: Beishi 16 (Daowu's seven princes) also has Liang. Mo is wrong; follow the Palace edition.
84
世祖時張森楷云：「上已稱『高祖時』，則此不得云『世祖』，『祖』蓋『宗』字之訛。」
"In the time of Emperor Shizu": Zhang Senkai argues that since the text already says "in Gaozu's time," Shizu cannot stand here—zu likely corrupts zong.
85
建義初卒於州墓誌集釋元[辶+九+首] 〈即馗〉 墓誌 〈圖版七二〉 說他「薨於河陰鑾駕之右」，則馗解任還洛陽，尒朱榮入洛，於河陰被殺。 傳誤。
"Died in the province at the start of Jianyi": Muzhi jishi, epitaph of Yuan with the kui graph on the stele 〈that is, Kui〉 tomb inscription 〈plate 72〉 The stele says he "died beside the imperial carriage at Heyin"—Kui had left office and returned to Luoyang, where Erzhu Rong entered and killed him at Heyin. The biography is wrong.
86
射鳥輒歷飛而殺之冊府卷二六六 〈三一六０頁〉 此句下有「日射兔得五十頭」一句，當是此傳脫文。
"Whenever he shot birds they flew past and fell dead": Cefu juan 266 〈folio 3160〉 Below this line Cefu has "in one day shooting rabbits he took fifty heads"—likely a lacuna in this biography.
87
諡曰哀王此句下百衲本的底本一葉空白，南本以下諸本或留空白若干行，或不留，均注「闕一版」或單注「闕」字。 據卷首目錄廣平王連下附南平王渾、渾子霄、霄曾孫仲冏。 缺葉的內容，一是所附仲冏傳； 二，據出土墓誌，可能還有元霄他子元倪等及其後裔的簡略記載。 仲冏傳在冊府中保存了二條。 (一) 卷二八０ 〈三三０七頁〉 云：「纂弟之子武貞王仲冏，孝文時，出為輔國將軍、光州刺史，遭母憂還。 孝昌末，除秦州刺史。」 (二) 卷二八四 〈三三四五頁〉 云：「伯和 〈纂子〉 無子，以弟文華子仲冏 〈原訛作固〉 襲王封，後為蕭寶夤所害，諡曰武貞 〈原訛作真〉。 子承宗襲，早卒，以纂弟安平子仲略繼。」 這兩條出於此傳無疑，但既刪節不全，又有錯誤。 關於事跡不備的，如歷官及他鎮壓秦隴變亂軍，為變亂軍擊敗事，具見本書卷九肅宗紀孝昌三年正月和墓誌集釋元暐 〈即仲冏〉 墓誌 〈圖版七四〉。 關於錯誤或可疑的，這數十字中就有兩點。 一是世次。 據第一條仲冏是「纂弟之子」，據第二條是伯和弟文華子，則又是纂孫。 自相矛盾。 今按元暐墓誌說是道武帝六世孫，又說是江陽王繼猶子； 元旰墓誌 〈集釋圖版七五〉 說「兄光州刺史、南平王」，即仲冏。 旰是纂弟倪子，則仲冏亦是倪子 〈並見集釋卷三跋文〉 ，正是「纂弟之子」。 據此，知第一條不誤，第二條「以弟文華子仲冏」句，「弟」上脫「纂」字。 目錄「霄曾孫」也當作「霄孫」。 二是第一條說仲冏於孝文時出為光州刺史。 據元暐墓誌，他在孝昌三年 〈五二七〉 被殺，年三十八，上推生於太和十四年 〈四九０〉 ，元宏 〈孝文帝〉 死於太和二十三年，仲冏才十歲。 南、北朝皇子童年出鎮是有的，但他是疏族，且據誌文在先已官諫議大夫，中書侍郎，誌文在他未仕之先，已說什麼「樂善顯於冠日」，他出仕不能很早。 這裏所稱「孝文」是錯誤的。 缺頁中內容除仲冏為附傳外，當還附見元霄的其他子孫，如見於冊府這兩條的有文華、安平，見於墓誌的有元倪 〈圖版七三〉 、元旰 〈圖版七五〉 父子，或名在缺頁中。
"Posthumous title Prince Ai": in the Bai nang base text one folio is blank; Southern editions and later either leave blank lines or not, all marking "one block missing" or simply "lacuna." The scroll's table of contents appends after Prince Lian of Guangping Prince Hun of Nanping, Hun's son Xiao, and Xiao's great-grandson Zhongjiong. The lost leaf held, first, the appended life of Zhongjiong; second, epitaphs suggest brief notices of Xiao's other sons, such as Yuan Ni and their lines. Two Cefu entries preserve scraps of Zhongjiong's biography. first passage Cefu scroll 280 〈folio 3307〉 It reads: "Zhongjiong, prince of Wu Zhen, son of Zuan's younger brother—in Emperor Xiaowen's time he went out as general who assists the state and inspector of Guang; on his mother's mourning he returned. At the end of Xiaochang he was made inspector of Qin." second passage Cefu scroll 284 〈folio 3345〉 It reads: "Bohe 〈Zuan's son〉 had no son and adopted his brother Wenhua's son Zhongjiong 〈originally written Gu〉 to inherit the princedom; later Xiao Baoyin killed him; posthumous title Wu Zhen 〈originally written Zhen〉 His son Chengzong inherited, died young, and Zuan's younger brother's son Zhonglue of Anping succeeded." Both entries clearly belong to this biography but are truncated and faulty. Where deeds are incomplete—his offices, crushing Qin-Long rebels, and defeat by them—see juan 9 (Xiaozong, Xiaochang 3.1) and Muzhi jishi, epitaph of Yuan Wei 〈that is, Zhongjiong〉 tomb inscription 〈plate 74〉 Even in these few dozen characters two problems appear. First is pedigree. The first entry makes Zhongjiong "son of Zuan's younger brother"; the second makes him Wenhua's son and thus Zuan's grandson. The two accounts contradict. Yuan Wei's epitaph calls him Daowu's sixth-generation descendant and Jiangyang Prince Ji's adopted son; the epitaph of Yuan Gan 〈Jishi, plate 75〉 names "elder brother, inspector of Guang, prince of Nanping"—Zhongjiong. Gan was son of Zuan's younger brother Ni; Zhongjiong was likewise Ni's son 〈both noted in Jishi juan 3 colophon〉 —exactly "son of Zuan's younger brother." Hence the first entry stands; in the second, "took his younger brother Wenhua's son Zhongjiong," Zuan is missing before "younger brother." The table of contents' "Xiao's great-grandson" should read "Xiao's grandson." Second, the first entry places Zhongjiong as inspector of Guang in Emperor Xiaowen's reign. Yuan Wei's epitaph says he was killed in Xiaochang 3 〈527〉 , aged thirty-eight; backdating, he was born in Taihe 14 〈490〉 —Yuan Hong 〈Emperor Xiaowen〉 died in Taihe 23 when Zhongjiong was only ten. Princes sometimes garrisoned young, but he was a distant clansman; the epitaph already lists him as remonstrator and secretariat gentleman, and even before office speaks of "goodness shown at the crowning of youth"—he cannot have taken post very early. "Xiaowen" here is an error. Besides Zhongjiong's appendix, the lacuna probably held other lines of Yuan Xiao—Wenhua and Anping in Cefu, Yuan Ni in epitaphs 〈plate 73〉 and Yuan Gan 〈plate 75〉 father and son—names perhaps lost on the missing leaf.
88
永安二年薨卷一一孝莊紀永安元年十月壬子稱「太師、江陽王繼薨」。 據墓誌集釋元繼墓誌 〈圖版七六〉 繼死在永安元年，與紀合。 這裏「二」乃「元」之訛。
"Died Yongan 2": juan 11 (Xiaozhuang) records on renzi day, tenth month, Yongan 1, "Grand preceptor Jiangyang Prince Ji died." Muzhi jishi, epitaph of Yuan Ji, 〈plate 76〉 has Ji dying in Yongan 1, matching the annals. The "2" here corrupts "1."
89
叉輕其為人每欲斥黜之殿本考證云：「『叉』疑當作『又』。 推案文義，蓋言懌輕叉，非叉輕懌也。」 按北史卷一六簡括魏書這段文字為「太傅、清河王懌以親賢輔政，每欲斥黜之」，也是說懌欲斥黜叉。 考證說疑是。
"Cha always despised him and wished to dismiss him": the Palace Kaozheng suspects Cha should be you (also)—Yi despised Cha, not Cha Yi. Note: Beishi 16 compresses this to "Grand tutor Qinghe Prince Yi, a close worthy aiding government, always wished to dismiss him"—again Yi against Cha. The emendation is likely right. The Kaozheng is probably correct.
90
乃於禁中自作別庫掌握之寶充牣其中御覽卷七０四 〈三一四二頁〉 引北史此句「寶」上有「珍」字。 疑當有此字。 但北史傳本亦無此字，今不補。
"Thereupon in the palace he made a private vault and held it; treasures brimmed it full": Yulan juan 704 〈folio 3142〉 quotes Beishi's line with zhen (precious) before bao (treasure). The word may belong. Beishi witnesses lack it too; no supplement is made.
91
叉庶長子稚北史卷一六「稚」作「舒」，墓誌集釋元乂 〈即叉〉 墓誌 〈圖版七八〉 稱「子穎，字稚舒」。 按卷六九崔休傳稱「休女妻領軍元叉長庶子秘書郎稚舒」。 其人本字稚舒，以字為名，或原有二名。 不分名、字，史傳常見； 雙名單稱，也當時通例。 但若魏書本單稱「稚」，則北史何忽作「舒」？ 若說李延壽知其本名「稚舒」而改，則又何故不取全名而必取下一字以易上一字？ 疑此處本作「稚舒」，傳本及北史各脫一字。
"Cha's eldest son by a concubine, Zhi": Beishi 16 reads Zhi as Shu; Muzhi jishi, epitaph of Yuan Yi 〈that is, Cha〉 tomb inscription 〈plate 78〉 calls his son "Ying, styled Zhishu." Note: juan 69 (Cui Xiu) says "Xiu's daughter married Yuan Cha's eldest son by a concubine, secretariat gentleman Zhishu." His true name was Zhishu; using the style as the personal name, or he may have borne two names. Histories often blur personal name and style; abbreviating double names was likewise common. Yet if Wei Shou wrote only Zhi, why does Beishi suddenly give Shu? If Li Yanshou knew the full name Zhishu, why take only the lower syllable and swap it for the upper? The line probably read Zhishu originally; both Wei Shou's text and Beishi lost one character in transmission.