1
王建安同樓伏連丘堆娥清劉尼奚眷車伊洛宿石來大千周幾豆代田周觀閭大肥尉撥陸真呂洛拔
Wang Jian; An Tong; Lou Fulian; Qiu Dui; E Qing; Liu Ni; Xi Juan; Che Yiluo; Su Shi; Lai Daqian; Zhou Ji; Dou Daitian; Zhou Guan; Lü Dafei; Wei Bo; Lu Zhen; Lü Luoba
2
王建，廣寧人也。 祖姑為平文后，生昭成皇帝。 伯祖豐，以帝舅貴重。 豐子支，尚昭成女，甚見親待。 建少尚公主。 登國初，為外朝大人，與和跋等十三人迭典庶事，參與計謀。 太祖幸濡源，遣建使慕容垂，辭色高亢，垂壯之。 還為左大夫。 [1]建兄回，諸子多不順法，建具以狀聞，回父子伏誅。 其謹直如此。 從征伐諸國，破二十餘部，以功賜奴婢數十口，雜畜數千，從征衞辰，破之，賜僮隸五千戶，[2]為中部大人。
Wang Jian came from Guangning. His father's aunt had been Empress Pingwen and bore Emperor Zhaocheng. His father's elder brother Feng had risen high as the emperor's maternal uncle. Feng's son Zhi married a daughter of Emperor Zhaocheng and enjoyed exceptional favor. While still young, Jian married a princess. At the opening of the Dengguo era he was made an outer-court dignitary. He and He Ba and twelve others rotated in charge of routine business and joined in counsel. When Emperor Taizu visited Ruyuan he sent Jian to Murong Chui. Jian's tone and bearing were commanding, and Chui was impressed. On his return he was appointed Left Grandee. [1] Jian's elder brother Hui had sons who for the most part flouted the law. Jian laid out the facts in full, and Hui and his sons were put to death. Such was his scrupulous integrity. He took part in campaigns against the various states and shattered more than twenty tribal divisions. For his merit he received several dozen bondsmen and bondswomen and several thousand head of mixed livestock. On the campaign against Wei Chen he defeated them and was granted five thousand households of bondsmen. [2] He was made chieftain of the central region.
3
從破慕容寶於參合陂。 太祖乘勝將席卷南夏，於是簡擇俘眾，有才能者留之，其餘欲悉給衣糧遣歸，令中州之民咸知恩德。 乃召羣臣議之。 建曰：「慕容寶覆敗於此，國內虛空，圖之為易。 今獲而歸之，無乃不可乎？ 且縱敵生患，不如殺之。」 太祖謂諸將曰：「若從建言，吾恐後南人創乂，絕其向化之心，非伐罪弔民之義。」 諸將咸以建言為然，建又固執，乃坑之。 太祖既而悔焉。
He took part in the defeat of Murong Bao at Canhe Slope. Emperor Taizu, pressing his victory, meant to sweep through the southern Xia. He sorted the captives, keeping those with talent and intending to clothe and feed the rest and send them home so that the people of the central provinces would know his grace. He then called the ministers together to deliberate. Jian said, "Murong Bao has been crushed here. His realm stands hollow within—it would be easy to strike. To seize them now only to release them—would that not be folly? Besides, sparing the enemy breeds future harm. Better to kill them." Emperor Taizu told the generals, "If I follow Jian's advice, I fear the southerners will be freshly wounded and turn from us—far from the purpose of punishing wrong and comforting the people." The generals all sided with Jian. Jian held his ground, and the captives were buried alive. Emperor Taizu later came to regret it.
4
後從征慕容寶，拜冠軍將軍。 并州既平，車駕東出井陘，命建率五萬騎先驅啟路。 車駕次常山，諸郡皆降，惟中山、鄴、信都三城不下。 乃遣衞王儀南攻鄴，建攻信都，眾各五萬。 建等攻城六十餘日不能克，士卒多傷。 太祖乃自中山幸信都，慕容寶冀州刺史慕容鳳夜踰城走，信都降。 車駕幸鉅鹿，破慕容寶於栢肆塢，遂進圍中山。 寶棄城走和龍，城內無主，百姓惶惑，東門不閉。 太祖將夜入乘城，據守其門。 建貪而無謀，意在虜獲，恐士卒肆掠，盜亂府庫，請俟天明，太祖乃止。 是夜，徒河人共立慕容普驎為主，遂閉門固守。 太祖乃悉眾攻之，連日不拔。 使人登巢車臨城，招其眾曰：「慕容寶捐城奔走，汝曹百姓將為誰守？ 何不識天命，取死亡也？」 皆曰：「羣小無知，但復恐如參合之眾，故求全月日之命耳。」 太祖聞之，顧視建而唾其面。 中山平，賜建爵濮陽公。 烏丸庫傉官鳴聚黨為寇，[3]詔建討平之。 遷太僕，徙為真定公，加散騎常侍、冀青二州刺史。 卒，陪葬金陵。
He later joined the campaign against Murong Bao and was made General Who Crowns the Army. Once Bingzhou was pacified, the imperial carriage marched east through Jingxing Pass. Jian was ordered to lead fifty thousand horsemen ahead to clear the way. The court halted at Changshan. Every commandery surrendered except Zhongshan, Ye, and Xindu, which held out. He sent Prince Wei of Wei south against Ye and Jian against Xindu, fifty thousand men apiece. Jian and his fellows besieged their cities for more than sixty days without success, and the troops took heavy losses. Emperor Taizu came in person from Zhongshan to Xindu. Murong Feng, Murong Bao's inspector of Jizhou, fled over the wall by night, and Xindu submitted. The court reached Julu, defeated Murong Bao at Baixi Wu, and pressed on to besiege Zhongshan. Bao abandoned the city and fled to Helong. With no ruler within, the people were in turmoil, and the east gate lay open. Emperor Taizu meant to enter by night, scale the wall, and seize the gates. Jian was greedy and shortsighted, bent on loot. He feared the troops would run wild and ransack the storehouses, and asked to wait for dawn. Emperor Taizu held back. That night the people of Tuhe together raised Murong Pulü as their leader, shut the gates, and dug in. Emperor Taizu then threw his full force against the city, but for days could not break it. He sent a man up a siege tower to overlook the wall and call out, "Murong Bao threw away the city and fled. For whom do you people mean to hold it? Why not bow to Heaven's mandate and spare yourselves a pointless death?" They answered, "We are ignorant folk. We only fear sharing the fate of the captives at Canhe—we want no more than to live out another month or day." When Emperor Taizu heard this he turned, looked at Jian, and spat in his face. After Zhongshan fell, Jian was enfeoffed as Duke of Puyang. The Wuhuan Kuluguan Ming gathered followers and raided as bandits. [3] An edict sent Jian to crush them. He was made Grand Master of the Stud, transferred to Duke of Zhending, and given the additional titles of Cavalier Attendant-in-Ordinary and inspector of Ji and Qing. He died and was buried with honor at Jinling.
5
初，建兄豆居以建功賜爵即丘侯，無子，建以子斤襲兄爵。 太宗初，給事中，任職用事。 轉大長秋。 世祖征赫連昌，遣斤部造攻具。 進爵淮南公，加平北將軍。 時并州胡酋田卜謀反誅，餘眾不安，遣斤鎮慮虒以撫慰之。 [4]斤綏靜胡魏，甚收聲稱。 劉義隆遣將到彥之寇河南，世祖西征赫連定，以斤為衞兵將軍，鎮蒲坂。 關隴平，斤徙鎮長安，假節、鎮西將軍。 斤遂驕矜，不順法度，信用左右，調役百姓，民不堪之，南奔漢川者數千家。 而委罪於雍州刺史陽文祖、秦州刺史任延明。 世祖召問二人，各以狀對。 世祖知為斤所誣，遣宜陽公伏樹覆按虛實，得數十事。 遂斬斤以徇。
Earlier Jian's elder brother Douju had been enfeoffed as Marquis of Jiqiu for merit but left no son. Jian had his son Jin inherit the brother's title. At the start of Emperor Taizong's reign he served as Attendant-in-Ordinary and held real power. He was transferred to Grand Director of the Palace Retinue. When Emperor Shizu campaigned against Helian Chang he sent Jin to furnish siege equipment. Jin was promoted to Duke of Huainan and made General Who Pacifies the North as well. The Hu chieftain Tian Bu of Bingzhou had just been executed for rebellion, and his followers were uneasy. Jin was sent to garrison Lüsi to calm them. [4] Jin quieted the Hu and Wei tribes and won wide praise. Liu Yilong sent the general Dao Yanzhi against Henan. Emperor Shizu marched west against Helian Ding and made Jin General of the Palace Guards, stationed at Puban. When Guan and Long were pacified, Jin was shifted to garrison Chang'an with brevet staff as General Who Guards the West. Jin then grew arrogant and lawless, trusted his intimates, and pressed the people with labor until they could not endure it. Several thousand households fled south into Hanchuan. He then shifted the blame onto Yang Wenzu, inspector of Yongzhou, and Ren Yanming, inspector of Qinzhou. Emperor Shizu summoned the two men and questioned them. Each answered on the facts. The emperor saw that Jin had slandered them and sent Duke of Yiyang Fu Shu to investigate. Dozens of charges were confirmed. Jin was beheaded as a warning to all.
6
子安都，襲，降爵為侯。 世祖拜為太子庶子，出為鄯善鎮將。 高宗時，為內都大官。 卒，子買得襲。
His son Andu inherited the line, but the rank was reduced to marquis. Emperor Shizu made him Junior Tutor to the Crown Prince, then sent him out as garrison commander of Shanshan. Under Emperor Gaozong he served as Grand Director of the Inner Palace. He died, and his son Maide inherited.
7
建曾孫樹，以善射有寵於顯祖，為內侍長。 稍遷尚書，賜爵歷陽侯，加龍驤將軍、員外常侍。 出為平西將軍、涇州刺史。 卒。
Jian's great-grandson Shu, a fine archer, won favor with Emperor Xianzu and became chief palace attendant. He rose gradually to Minister, was enfeoffed as Marquis of Liyang, and given the additional titles of General of the Flying Dragon and Extraordinary Attendant-in-Ordinary. He was sent out as General Who Pacifies the West and inspector of Jingzhou. He died.
8
安同，遼東胡人也。 其先祖曰世高，漢時以安息王侍子入洛。 歷魏至晉，避亂遼東，遂家焉。 父屈，仕慕容暐，為殿中郎將。 苻堅滅暐，屈友人公孫眷之妹沒入苻氏宮，出賜劉庫仁為妻。 庫仁貴寵之。 同因隨眷商販，見太祖有濟世之才，遂留奉侍。 性端嚴明惠，好長者之言。
An Tong was a Hu from Liaodong. His remote ancestor was called Shigao, who in Han times had entered Luoyang as the hostage son of the king of Parthia. Through Wei and into Jin, fleeing turmoil, the family settled in Liaodong. His father Qu had served Murong Wei as Commandant of the Palace Guards. When Fu Jian destroyed Murong Wei, the younger sister of Qu's friend Gongsun Juan was seized for the Fu palace, then given to Liu Kuren as wife. Kuren prized and favored her. Tong had followed Juan in trade, saw in Emperor Taizu the talent to redeem the age, and remained to serve him. He was upright, strict, and clear-minded, and loved the counsel of his elders.
9
登國初，太祖徵兵於慕容垂，事在窟咄傳。 同頻使稱旨，遂見寵異，以為外朝大人，與和跋等出入禁中，迭典庶事，太祖班賜功臣，同以使功居多，賜以妻妾及隸戶三十，馬二匹，羊五十口，加廣武將軍。
At the opening of Dengguo, Emperor Taizu sought troops from Murong Chui—the account is in the biography of Kudi. Tong served repeatedly as envoy and always pleased the court. He was singled out for favor, made an outer-court dignitary, and with He Ba and others passed in and out of the inner palace, sharing routine duties. When Emperor Taizu rewarded his ministers, Tong's diplomatic service weighed heaviest. He received wives and concubines, thirty dependent households, two horses, fifty sheep, and the additional rank of General of Broad Might.
10
從征姚平於柴壁，姚興悉眾救平，太祖乃增築重圍以拒興。 同進計曰：「臣受遣詣絳督租，見汾東有蒙坑，東西三百餘里，徑路不通。 姚興來，必從汾西，乘高臨下，直至柴壁。 如此，則寇內外勢接，重圍難固，不可制也。 宜截汾曲為南北浮橋，乘西岸築圍。 西圍既固，賊至無所施其智力矣。」 從之。 興果視平屠滅而不能救。 以謀功，賜爵北新侯，加安遠將軍。 詔同送姚興將越騎校尉唐小方等於長安。
He joined the campaign against Yao Ping at Chaibi. Yao Xing marched with his full force to relieve Ping, and Emperor Taizu raised a second ring of entrenchments to block him. Tong proposed: "I had been sent to Jiang to collect the land tax and saw east of the Fen a Meng Ravine, more than three hundred li from east to west, with no road through. When Yao Xing comes he will surely take the west bank of the Fen, descend from the heights, and strike Chaibi head-on. Then his forces inside and out will link up, the siege will be hard to hold, and we will lose control. We should span the Fen's bend with pontoon bridges north and south and build a wall on the west bank. Once the western ring is secure, the enemy will have no room to use his stratagems." The plan was adopted. Xing could only watch as Ping was destroyed and could not save him. For this counsel he was enfeoffed as Marquis of Beixin and made General Who Pacifies the Distance as well. An edict ordered Tong to escort Yao Xing's general Tang Xiaofang, Commandant of Swift Cavalry, and others to Chang'an.
11
世祖監國，臨朝聽政，以同為左輔。 太宗征河南，拜同右光祿大夫。 世祖出鎮北境，同與安定王彌留鎮京師。 世祖即位，進爵高陽公，拜光祿勳。 尋除征東大將軍、冀青二州刺史。 同長子屈，[5]太宗時典太倉事，盜官粳米數石，欲以養親。 同大怒，奏求戮屈，自劾不能訓子，請罪。 太宗嘉而恕之，遂詔長給同粳米。 其公清奉法，皆此類也。
When Emperor Shizu oversaw the realm and held court, Tong was made his left assistant. When Emperor Taizong campaigned in Henan, Tong was appointed Grand Master of Splendid Virtue on the Right. When Emperor Shizu went north to garrison the frontier, Tong and Prince of Anding Mi stayed to hold the capital. When Emperor Shizu took the throne, Tong was raised to Duke of Gaoyang and made Grand Master of Splendid Service. He was soon transferred to General Who Conquers the East and inspector of Ji and Qing. Tong's eldest son Qu, [5] under Emperor Taizong had charge of the imperial granary and stole several piculs of government rice to support his parents. Tong was furious. He memorialized asking that Qu be put to death, impeached himself for failing to teach his son, and asked to be punished. Emperor Taizong praised him and pardoned Qu, then ordered that Tong receive a perpetual rice allowance. His integrity and regard for law were all of this stamp.
12
同在官明察，長於校練，家法修整，為世所稱。 及在冀州，年老，頗殖財貨，大興寺塔，為百姓所苦。 神䴥二年卒。 追贈高陽王，諡曰恭惠。
In office Tong was keen-sighted and skilled at drill and review. His household discipline was strict, and the age praised him. In Jizhou, in his later years, he piled up wealth and raised temples and pagodas on a great scale, to the people's distress. He died in the second year of Shengui. He was posthumously enfeoffed as Prince of Gaoyang with the posthumous name Gonghui, "Respectful and Kind."
13
屈子陽烈，散騎侍郎，賜爵北新子。
Qu's son Yanglie was Gentleman Attendant at Large and enfeoffed as Viscount of Beixin.
14
屈弟原，雅性矜嚴，沉勇多智略。 太宗時為獵郎，出監雲中軍事。 時赫連屈丐犯河西，原以數十騎擊之，殺十餘人。 太宗以原輕敵，違節度，加其罪責。 然知原驍勇，遂任以為將，鎮守雲中。 寬和愛下，甚得眾心。 蠕蠕屢犯塞，原輒摧破之。 以功賜爵武原侯，加魯兵將軍。
Qu's younger brother Yuan was by nature reserved and stern, deep-spirited and brave, and rich in stratagems. Under Emperor Taizong he was a Hunting Gentleman and was sent out to oversee military affairs in Yunzhong. When Helian Qubugai invaded Hexi, Yuan struck him with several dozen horsemen and killed more than ten of the enemy. Emperor Taizong held Yuan accountable for underestimating the enemy and disobeying command. Yet knowing how fierce and capable Yuan was, he still put him in command and posted him to garrison Yunzhong. He was generous and easy with his men, and won their hearts completely. When the Rouran raided the frontier again and again, Yuan drove them back every time. For his service he was enfeoffed as Marquis of Wuyuan and made General of Lu Troops.
15
世祖即位，徵拜駕部尚書。 車駕征蠕蠕大檀，分軍五道並進，大檀驚駭北遁。 遷尚書左僕射，河間公，加侍中、征南大將軍。 從征赫連昌，入其城而還。 車駕北伐，蠕蠕遁走。 世祖聞東部高車在巳尼陂，人畜甚眾，將遣襲之。 諸將皆以為難，世祖不從。 遣原與侍中古弼率萬騎討之，大獲而還。 車駕征昌黎，原與建寧王崇屯于漠南以備蠕蠕。
When Emperor Shizu came to the throne, Yuan was summoned to court and appointed Minister of the Imperial Chariot Office. When the emperor marched against Datan of the Rouran, the army split into five columns and advanced together; Datan, terrified, fled north. He was promoted to Left Vice Director of the Masters of Writing and Duke of Hejian, with the additional titles of Palace Attendant and Great General Who Conquers the South. He joined the campaign against Helian Chang, entered the enemy city, and returned. On the northern campaign the Rouran fled before the imperial army. Emperor Shizu learned that the eastern Gaoche were encamped at Sini Lake with vast herds and many people, and planned a surprise attack. The generals all thought it too risky, but Emperor Shizu would not be dissuaded. He sent Yuan and Palace Attendant Gu Bi with ten thousand cavalry to strike them; they took a great haul and returned. During the campaign against Changli, Yuan and Prince of Jianning Chong were posted south of the desert to guard against the Rouran.
16
原在朝無所比周，然恃寵驕恣，多所排抑。 為子求襄城公盧魯元女，魯元不許。 原告其罪狀，事相連逮，歷時不決。 原懼不勝，遂謀為逆，事洩伏誅。 臨刑上疏曰：「臣聞聖不獨明而治，鼎不單足而立，是以熒火之光，猶增日月之曜。 先臣同，往因聖運，歸身太祖，竭誠勠力，立効於險難之中。 臣以頑闇，忝備股肱。 陛下恩育，委以朝政，思展微誠，仰報恩澤。 而魯元姦佞，構成貝錦，天威遂加，合門俱戮。 此乃命也，非臣之枉。 但魯元外類忠貞，內懷姦詐，而陛下任以腹心，恐釁發肘腋。 臣與魯元生為怨人，死為讎鬼，非以私故，謗毀魯元。 不復眷眷，披露誠款。」
In court Yuan kept to no faction, but favored and emboldened he grew arrogant and often pushed others down. He asked Duke of Xiangcheng Lu Luyuan for his daughter's hand for his son; Luyuan refused. Yuan denounced him on criminal charges; the case dragged on for a long time as more and more people were implicated. Fearing he would lose, Yuan plotted rebellion; when the plot was exposed he was put to death. On the eve of execution he submitted a memorial: "I have heard that no sage rules by his light alone, and no tripod stands on one leg; even a glowworm's flame adds something to the brightness of sun and moon. My late father Tong, in those days of sacred fortune, pledged himself to Emperor Taizu and gave his full strength, winning merit in the midst of danger. I, dull and unworthy, have been honored to serve as one of Your Majesty's closest ministers. Your Majesty raised me with grace and entrusted me with affairs of state; I meant to show what little loyalty I had and repay that kindness. But Luyuan is treacherous and false; he wove a web of slander, and under heaven's wrath my whole house has been destroyed. This is fate, not injustice done to me alone. Yet Luyuan wears the face of loyalty while hiding treachery within, and Your Majesty keeps him at your side—I fear disaster will rise from those nearest you. Luyuan and I were enemies in life and will be avenging spirits in death; I do not speak against him from private spite. I have no further hope of life; I speak only what is true."
17
原弟頡，頡弟聰，為內侍。 聰弟蕯，為龍驤將軍、給事黃門侍郎，賜爵廣宗侯。 原兄弟外節儉，而內實積聚，及誅後，籍其財至數萬。
Yuan's younger brother Jie and Jie's younger brother Cong both served as inner attendants. Cong's younger brother Sa became Dragon Cavalry General and Supervising Secretary of the Yellow Gate, and was enfeoffed as Marquis of Guangzong. The Yuan brothers lived plainly in public while secretly hoarding wealth; after their execution their estates were seized to the value of tens of thousands.
18
頡，辯慧多策略，最有父風。 太宗初，為內侍長，令察舉百僚。 糾刺姦慝，無所回避。 嘗告其父陰事，太宗以為忠，特親寵之。
Jie was quick-witted, eloquent, and full of stratagems—the very image of his father. Early in Emperor Taizong's reign he was made Chief Inner Attendant and charged with inspecting and reporting on the officials. He exposed corruption and wrongdoing without fear or favor. He once denounced his own father's private misconduct; Emperor Taizong took this as proof of loyalty and favored him all the more.
19
宜城王奚斤，自長安追擊赫連昌，至于安定，頡為監軍侍御史。 斤以馬多疫死，士眾乏糧，乃深壘自固。 遣太僕丘堆等督租於民間，為昌所敗。 昌遂驕矜，日來侵掠，芻牧者不得出，士卒患之。 頡進計曰：「本奉詔誅賊，今乃退守窮城，若不為賊殺，當以法誅。 進退安有生路？ 而王公諸將，晏然無謀，將何以報恩塞責。」 斤曰：「今若出戰，則馬力不足，以步擊騎，終無捷理。 當須京師救騎至，然後步陳擊於內，騎兵襲其外。 所謂萬全之計也。」 頡曰：「今猛寇遊逸於外，而吾等兵疲力屈，士有飢色，不一決戰，則死在旦夕，何救兵之可待也！ 等死，當戰死，寧可坐受困乎？」 斤猶以馬為辭。 頡曰：「今兵雖無馬，但將帥所乘，足得二百騎。 頡請募壯勇出擊之，就不能破，可以折其銳。 且昌狷而無謀，每好挑戰，眾皆識之。 若伏兵奄擊，昌可擒也。」 斤猶難之。 頡乃陰與尉眷等謀，選騎待焉。 昌來攻壘，頡出應之。 昌於陳前自接戰，軍士識昌，爭往赴之。 會天大風揚塵，晝昏，眾亂，昌退。 頡等追擊，昌馬蹶而墜。 頡擒昌，送於京師。 世祖大悅，拜頡建節將軍，賜爵西平公，代堆統攝諸軍。 斤耻功不在己，輕追昌弟定於平涼，敗績。 定將復入長安，詔頡鎮蒲坂以拒之。
Prince of Yicheng Xi Jin pursued Helian Chang from Chang'an as far as Anding; Jie served as Supervisory Army Attendant Censor. Many of Jin's horses had died of plague and his men were short of grain, so he dug in behind strong fortifications. He sent Master of the Stud Qiu Dui and others to collect grain from the countryside, and Chang defeated them. Chang grew bold and came raiding every day; men could not even go out to cut fodder or tend herds, and the troops were desperate. Jie offered a plan: "We were ordered here to destroy the enemy, yet now we cower in this trapped city. If the bandits do not kill us, the law will. Whether we advance or retreat, where is there any way to live? And the princes and generals sit idle with no plan at all—how are we to repay the emperor's trust or answer for our duty?" Jin replied, "If we fight now our horses are too weak. Foot soldiers against cavalry can never win. We must wait for relief cavalry from the capital, then let the infantry sally from inside while horsemen strike from without. That is the only safe course." Jie said, "The enemy roams freely while our men are exhausted and hungry. If we do not fight now, we die tomorrow—what rescue can we wait for? If we must die, let us die fighting. Will we sit here and be strangled to death?" Jin still pleaded the lack of horses. Jie said, "Our soldiers may have no horses, but the commanders' mounts alone would make two hundred cavalry. Let me gather the bravest men and strike out. Even if we cannot break them, we can dull their momentum. Besides, Chang is rash and witless; he loves to fight in person, and every man knows his face. Set an ambush and strike suddenly, and Chang can be taken." Jin still hesitated. Jie then secretly conspired with Wei Juan and the others, picked out cavalry, and waited. When Chang came to assault the camp, Jie rode out to meet him. Chang fought in person at the front of his line; the soldiers knew him and surged forward to reach him. A great wind blew up dust and darkened the day; the ranks broke in confusion and Chang fell back. Jie and the others pursued; Chang's horse stumbled and threw him. Jie seized Chang and sent him to the capital. Emperor Shizu was delighted. He made Jie General Who Establishes the Standard, enfeoffed him as Duke of Xiping, and put him in command of the armies in place of Qiu Dui. Ashamed that the credit was not his, Jin rashly pursued Chang's brother Ding to Pingliang and was defeated. When Ding was about to re-enter Chang'an, an edict sent Jie to hold Puban and block him.
20
劉義隆遣將到彥之率眾寇河南，以援赫連定。 世祖以兵少，乃攝河南三鎮北渡。 彥之遂列守南岸，至于衡關。 [6]世祖西征赫連定。 以頡為冠軍將軍，督諸軍擊彥之。 彥之遣將姚縱夫渡河攻冶坂，頡督諸軍擊之，斬首三千餘級，投水者甚眾。 遂濟河，攻洛陽，拔之，擒義隆將二十餘人，斬首五千級。 進攻虎牢，虎牢潰，義隆司州刺史尹沖墜城死。 又與琅邪王司馬楚之平滑臺，擒義隆將朱脩之、李元德及東郡太守申謨，俘獲萬餘人。 乃振旅還京師。
Liu Yilong sent the general Dao Yanzhi with an army against Henan to relieve Helian Ding. Emperor Shizu, with too few troops to hold the line, pulled the three Henan garrisons back north of the river. Yanzhi then spread his forces along the south bank as far as Heng Pass. [6] Emperor Shizu marched west to campaign against Helian Ding. Jie was appointed General of Champion Cavalry and put in command of the forces sent against Yanzhi. Yanzhi sent the general Yu Zongfu across the river to attack Yebane; Jie routed them, taking more than three thousand heads, while many others drowned trying to escape. He then crossed the river, stormed Luoyang, and took the city, capturing more than twenty of Yilong's officers and slaying five thousand men. He pressed on to Hulao; the fortress fell, and Yilong's Inspector of Si Province Yin Chong plunged from the wall to his death. Together with Prince of Langye Sima Chuzhi he also took Pingtai, capturing Yilong's generals Zhu Xiuzhi and Li Yuande, Dong Commandery Administrator Shen Mo, and more than ten thousand prisoners. He then marched his army home in triumph.
21
神䴥四年卒。 贈征南大將軍、儀同三司，進爵為王，諡曰襄。 頡為將，善綏士眾，及卒，義隆士卒降者，無不歎惜。
He died in the fourth year of Shengui. He was posthumously made Great General Who Conquers the South and Inspector of Three Offices, raised to princely rank, and given the posthumous name Xiang. As a commander Jie knew how to win men's hearts; when he died, even the Song soldiers who had surrendered to Wei mourned him.
22
同弟䐗，太宗時為樂陵太守。 卒。
Tong's younger brother Xie served as Administrator of Leiling under Emperor Taizong. He died.
23
長子國，位至冠軍將軍，賜爵北平侯，杏城鎮將。
His eldest son Guo rose to General of Champion Cavalry, was enfeoffed as Marquis of Beiping, and served as garrison commander of Xingcheng.
24
國弟難，有巧思。 陽平王杜超督諸將擊劉義隆，難參征南軍事，以功表為清河太守。 世祖時，諸將頻征和龍，皆以難為長史。 鑿山堙谷，省力兼功。 遷給事中。 從駕南征，造浮橋於河，以功賜爵清河子。 卒。
Guo's younger brother Nan was a man of ingenious design. When Prince of Yangping Du Chao led the generals against Liu Yilong, Nan served on the southern campaign staff and, for his service, was recommended for Administrator of Qinghe. Under Emperor Shizu, whenever the generals marched repeatedly against Helong, Nan was always appointed chief of staff. He cut roads through mountains and filled ravines, saving labor while accomplishing twice the work. He was promoted to Attendant-in-Ordinary. On the southern campaign he accompanied the emperor, built floating bridges across the river, and was enfeoffed as Viscount of Qinghe for his service. He died.
25
子平城，襲爵。 官至虞曹令。 為乙渾所殺。
His son Pingcheng inherited the title. He rose to the post of Director of Forestry and Parks. He was killed by Yihun.
26
子真，襲，降爵為公。 從世祖征伐有功，官至散騎常侍、尚書、安北將軍。 徙為湘東公。 從征涼州，還，卒於路。 諡曰莊公。
His son Zhen inherited the family rank, which was reduced to duke. He campaigned with Emperor Shizu and earned distinction, rising to Regular Attendant of Scattered Cavalry, Master of Writing, and General Who Pacifies the North. He was made Duke of Xiangdong. He joined the campaign against Liangzhou and died on the march home. He was given the posthumous title Duke Zhuang.
27
子干，襲，降爵為侯。
His son Gan inherited, with the rank reduced to marquis.
28
真次弟大拔，歷位尚書、散騎常侍、征西將軍，賜爵永平侯。 高祖初，為中都大官。 卒，贈平東將軍、定州刺史，諡曰康。
Zhen's next younger brother Daba served as Master of Writing, Regular Attendant of Scattered Cavalry, and General Who Conquers the West in turn, and was enfeoffed as Marquis of Yongping. At the start of Emperor Gaozu's reign he was made Director of the Central Capital. At his death he was posthumously made General Who Pacifies the East and Inspector of Ding Province, with the posthumous name Kang.
29
子禀，字法生，襲。 拜太子宮門大夫，稍遷趙郡太守。 更滿還京，除冠軍將軍、城門校尉。 出為征虜將軍、平城鎮將。 遷朔州刺史，仍本將軍。 入為衞尉少卿。 卒，年五十八。 贈撫軍將軍、恒州刺史。
His son Bin, styled Fasheng, inherited the title. He was appointed Palace Gate Grandee of the Crown Prince and later rose to Administrator of Zhao Commandery. When his term ended he returned to the capital and was made General of Champion Cavalry and Commandant of the City Gates. He was sent out as General Who Captures the Barbarians and garrison commander of Pingcheng. He was transferred to Inspector of Shuo Province while retaining his rank as general. He was recalled to court as Vice Director of the Guard Command. He died at fifty-eight. He was posthumously made General Who Pacifies the Army and Inspector of Heng Province.
30
子貴宗，武定中，伏波將軍、開府水曹參軍。
His son Guizong, in the Wuding era, served as General Who Subdues the Waves and Staff Officer for Water Affairs at an open headquarters.
31
伏連兄孫安文。 從征平涼有功，賜爵覇城男，加虎威將軍。 後遷三郎幢將。 卒。 高祖初，以其子毅貴，追贈安東將軍、冀州刺史、陽平公，諡曰定。
Anwen was a grandson of Fulan's elder brother. He joined the campaign against Pingliang and for his service was enfeoffed as Viscount of Bacheng and made General of Tiger Might. Later he was made chief of the Third Lang Regiment. He died. At the start of Emperor Gaozu's reign, because his son Yi was highly regarded, Anwen was posthumously made General Who Pacifies the East and Inspector of Ji Province, enfeoffed as Duke of Yangping, with the posthumous name Ding.
32
毅，歷位內外，稍遷殿中尚書、散騎常侍，賜爵常山公，加安南將軍。 遷尚書右僕射。 以擒反人梁眾保，加侍中，本官如故。 後例降為侯。 出除使持節、鎮東將軍、定州刺史。
Yi served at court and in the provinces in turn, rising to Master of Writing within the Palace and Regular Attendant of Scattered Cavalry, enfeoffed as Duke of Changshan, and made General Who Pacifies the South. He was promoted to Right Vice Director of the Masters of Writing. For capturing the rebel Liang Zhongbao he was made Palace Attendant while keeping his existing post. Later, following precedent, his rank was reduced to marquis. He was sent out as Inspector of Ding Province with the Staff of Authority and the title General Who Guards the East.
33
時太極殿成，將行考室之禮，引集羣臣，而雪不克饗。 高祖曰：「朕經始正殿，功構初成，將集百僚，考行大禮。 然同雲仍結，霏雪驟零，將由寡昧，未能仰答天心。 此之不德，咎竟焉在？ 卿等宜各陳所懷，以匡不逮。」 毅稽首對曰：「雪霜風雨，天地之常； 夏霂冬霰，四時恒節。 今隆冬雪降，固是其時。 又禮云：『雨沾服失容，則廢』，禮自古而然，不足為異。」 高祖曰：「昔劉秀將濟，呼沱為之冰合。 但朕德謝古人，不能仰感天意故也。」
When the Hall of Supreme Ultimate was finished and the kaoshi rite was about to be performed, the emperor summoned his ministers—but snow made the feast impossible. Emperor Gaozu said, "I have built the main hall from the ground up, and the work is newly finished. I mean to gather all my ministers and perform the great ceremony. Yet the clouds still mass and fine snow falls suddenly. Perhaps my own dullness keeps me from answering Heaven's will. Where does the fault lie for this want of virtue? Each of you should speak your mind and help me mend what I lack." Yi kowtowed and answered, "Snow, frost, wind, and rain are Heaven and Earth's ordinary course; summer showers and winter sleet belong to the fixed cycle of the four seasons. Snow in the depths of winter is exactly what one should expect. Moreover the Rites say, 'If rain soaks the robes and mars one's appearance, the rite is canceled.' That has been the rule since antiquity and is nothing out of the ordinary." Emperor Gaozu said, "When Liu Xiu was about to cross the river, the Hutuo froze over for him. My virtue falls short of the ancients', and I cannot move Heaven as they did."
34
後轉都督涼河二州、鄯善鎮諸軍事，涼州刺史。 車駕南伐，毅表諫曰：「伏承六軍雲動，問罪荊揚，弔民淮表，一同甌越。 但臣愚見，私竊未安。 何者？ 京邑新遷，百姓易業，公私草創，生途索然。 兼往歲弗稔，民多飢饉，二三之際，嗟惋易興。 天道悠長，宜遵養時晦，願抑赫斯，以待後日。」 詔曰：「時不自來，因人則合。 今年人事，殊非昔歲。 守株之唱，便可停也。 陽九利涉，豈卿所知也。」
Later he was made overseer of military affairs in Liang and He provinces and at Zhashan Garrison, and Inspector of Liang Province. When the emperor marched south, Yi submitted a memorial of remonstrance: "I humbly hear that the six armies are on the move, to punish Jing and Yang, succor the people beyond the Huai, and unite the land as once with Ou and Yue. Yet in my foolish view I cannot privately feel at ease. Why? The capital has only just been moved; the people are still changing trades; public and private life are still being built from nothing; livelihood is thin everywhere. Moreover the last harvest was poor and many people are hungry; among ordinary folk, sighs and resentment come easily. Heaven's course is long. It is fitting to hide one's strength and wait for the right moment. I beg you to hold back your wrath and leave the campaign for another day." An edict replied, "The right moment does not arrive on its own; it comes when men make it so. This year's circumstances are nothing like last year's. Leave off the counsel of one who waits by a tree stump for a rabbit. In the Yang Nine year one must cross the waters—how could you understand that?"
35
太和二十一年卒。 賜錢二十萬，布二百匹。
He died in the twenty-first year of Taihe. The court granted two hundred thousand coins and two hundred bolts of cloth.
36
丘堆，代人也，美容儀，以忠謹親侍。 太宗即位，拾遺左右，稍遷散騎常侍。 與叔孫建等討滅山胡。 劉裕泝河西伐，詔堆與建自河內次枋頭以備寇盜。 姚泓既滅，堆留鎮并州。 赫連屈孑遣三千騎寇河西，堆自并州與游擊將軍王洛生擊走之。 以功賜爵為侯。 世祖監國臨朝，堆與太尉穆觀等為右弼。 世祖即位，進爵臨淮公，加鎮西將軍。 徙為太僕。
Qiu Dui was a man of Dai, handsome in appearance, who served at close hand because of his loyalty and diligence. When Emperor Taizong came to the throne, Dui served as remonstrator at his side and was gradually promoted to Regular Attendant of Scattered Cavalry. With Shusun Jian and others he campaigned against the Shanhu and wiped them out. When Liu Yu marched west along the Yellow River, an edict ordered Dui and Jian to move from Henei and encamp at Fangtou against raiders. After Yao Hong was destroyed, Dui stayed behind to garrison Bing Province. Helian Qujie sent three thousand cavalry to raid Hexi; Dui marched from Bing Province with Mobile General Wang Luosheng and drove them off. For his service he was enfeoffed as a marquis. When Emperor Shizu as crown prince held court, Dui and Grand Commandant Mu Guan and others served as his right-hand counselors. When Emperor Shizu came to the throne, Dui was raised to Duke of Linhuai and made General Who Guards the West. He was transferred to Grand Master of the Imperial Stud.
37
世祖征赫連昌，堆與常山王素督步兵三萬人為後繼。 昌戰敗南奔，世祖遣堆與宗正娥清率五千騎略地關右。 昌貳城守將堅守不下，堆與清攻拔之。 詔堆班師，宜城王奚斤表留堆等進平昌，許之。 堆、斤合軍與昌相拒擊。 士馬乏糧，堆與義兵將軍封禮督租於民間，士卒暴掠，為昌所襲，敗績。 堆將數百騎還城。 斤追擊赫連定，留堆守輜重。 斤為定所擒，堆聞而棄甲走長安，復將高涼王禮棄守東走蒲坂。 世祖大怒，遣西平公安頡斬堆。 延和初，詔曰：「堆，國之肺腑，勳著先朝，西征喪師，遂從軍法。 國除祀絕，朕甚愍之。 可賜其子跋爵淮陵侯，加安遠將軍。」 後征蓋吳，戰沒。
When Emperor Shizu marched against Helian Chang, Dui and Prince of Changshan Su led thirty thousand foot soldiers as the rear guard. Chang was defeated and fled south; Emperor Shizu sent Dui and Chief of the Imperial Clan E Qing with five thousand cavalry to raid the territory west of the Pass. Chang's garrison commander at Ercheng held out stubbornly; Dui and Qing attacked and captured the city. An edict ordered Dui to withdraw, but Prince of Yicheng Xi Jin memorialized asking that Dui and the others remain to finish off Chang; the request was approved. Dui and Jin united their forces and fought Chang. With horses and men short of grain, Dui and Righteous Troops General Feng Li went among the people to levy supplies; the soldiers looted freely, Chang struck them, and they were routed. Dui escaped with a few hundred cavalry back to the city. Jin pursued Helian Ding and left Dui to guard the baggage train. Jin was captured by Ding; when Dui heard of it he threw off his armor and fled to Chang'an, then with Prince of Gaoliang Li abandoned the garrison and fled east to Puban. Emperor Shizu was furious and sent Prince of Xiping An Jie to execute Dui. Early in Yanhe an edict said, "Dui was kin to the throne and his merit shone in the previous reign, but the western campaign lost the army and he paid under military law. His line was extinguished and his sacrifices ended, and I deeply pity it. Let his son Ba be granted the title Marquis of Huailing and made General Who Pacifies the Remote." Later, campaigning against Gai Wu, he was killed in battle.
38
子麟，襲爵。 歷位駕部令。 出為瑕丘鎮將、假平南將軍、東海公。 遷東兗州刺史，卒官。
His son Lin inherited the title. He rose through successive posts to Director of the Imperial Chariot Office. He was sent out as garrison commander of Xiqiu, acting General Who Pacifies the South, and Duke of Donghai. He was made Inspector of Eastern Yan Province and died in office.
39
娥清，代人也。 少有將略，累著戰功。 稍遷振威將軍。 劉裕遣將朱超石寇平原，至畔城遁還。 清與長孫道生追之，至河，獲其將楊豐。 還，拜給事黃門侍郎。 先是，徒河民散居三州，頗為民害。 詔清徙之平城。 清善綏撫，徙者如歸。 太宗南巡幸鄴，以清為中領軍將軍，與宋兵將軍周幾等渡河略地。 至湖陸，高平民屯聚林藪，拒射官軍，清等因誅數千家，虜獲萬餘口。 賜爵須昌侯。 清與幾等遂鎮枋頭。 世祖初，清自枋頭還京師，假征南將軍，進為東平公。 蠕蠕大檀徙居漠南，清與平陽王長孫翰從東道出長川討之，大獲而還。 轉宗正卿。 尋從征蠕蠕。 又從平統萬，遂與奚斤追赫連昌至安定，與昌相持。 及安頡擒昌，昌弟定西走，斤追之。 清欲尋水而往，斤不從，遂與斤俱為定所擒。 世祖克平涼，乃得還。 後詔清鎮并州，討山胡白龍於西河，斬白龍父及其將帥，遂屠其城。 遷平東將軍，與古弼等東討馮文通。 以不急戰，文通奔高麗，檻車徵，黜為門卒。 遂卒於家。
E Qing was a man of Dai. From youth he showed military talent and won distinction again and again in battle. He was gradually promoted to General Who Quells Might. Liu Yu sent General Zhu Chaoshi to raid Pingyuan, but Chaoshi turned back after reaching Pancheng. Qing and Zhangsun Daosheng pursued them, and at the river captured their general Yang Feng. On his return he was appointed Attendant Gentleman of the Yellow Gates. Earlier, Tuhe people scattered across three provinces had become a serious nuisance to the local population. An edict ordered Qing to relocate them to Pingcheng. Qing handled the resettlement with skill, and the migrants felt as though they were coming home. When Emperor Taizong toured the south and visited Ye, Qing was made General of the Central Guard Army and, with General of Song Troops Zhou Ji and others, crossed the river to seize territory. At Hulu, Gaoping people had gathered in woods and marshes and fired on the imperial troops; Qing and his men executed several thousand households and took more than ten thousand captives. He was enfeoffed as Marquis of Xuchang. Qing, Ji, and the others then garrisoned Fangtou. Early in Emperor Shizu's reign Qing returned from Fangtou to the capital, was made acting General Who Conquers the South, and was raised to Duke of Dongping. When Datan of the Rouran moved south of the desert, Qing and Prince of Pingyang Zhangsun Han marched east through Changchuan to attack him, took a great haul, and returned. He was transferred to Chief of the Imperial Clan. Soon afterward he joined the campaign against the Rouran. He also took part in the capture of Tongwan, then with Xi Jin pursued Helian Chang to Anding and locked horns with him. When An Jie captured Chang, Chang's brother Ding fled west and Jin pursued him. Qing wanted to march along the waterways, but Jin refused; in the end both were captured by Ding. When Emperor Shizu took Pingliang, they were freed and returned. Later an edict posted Qing to garrison Bing Province; he campaigned against the Shanhu rebel Bai Long in Xihe, beheaded Bai Long's father and his commanders, and then slaughtered the city. He was promoted to General Who Pacifies the East and, with Gu Bi and others, marched east against Feng Wentong. Because he did not press the attack, Wentong fled to Goryeo; Qing was summoned back in a caged cart and reduced to gate soldier. He died at home soon after.
40
子延，官至員外散騎常侍，賜爵南平公。
His son Yan rose to Supernumerary Regular Attendant of Scattered Cavalry and was enfeoffed as Duke of Nanping.
41
劉尼，代人也。 本姓獨孤氏。 曾祖敦，有功於太祖，為方面大人。 父婁，冠軍將軍，卒贈并州刺史。 尼少壯健，有膂力，勇果善射，世祖見而善之，拜羽林中郎，賜爵昌國子，加振威將軍。
Liu Ni was a man of Dai. His original surname was Dugu. His great-grandfather Dun had served Emperor Taizu with distinction and held the rank of regional great chief. His father Lou was General of Champion Cavalry and was posthumously made Inspector of Bing Province. Ni was strong and vigorous from youth, brave and skilled with the bow; Emperor Shizu took a liking to him, made him Gentleman in the Feathered Forest Guard, enfeoffed him as Viscount of Changguo, and named him General Who Quells Might.
42
宗愛既殺南安王余於東廟，祕之，惟尼知狀。 尼勸愛立高宗。 愛自以負罪於景穆，聞而驚曰：「君大癡人，皇孫若立，豈忘正平時事乎？」 尼曰：「若爾，今欲立誰？」 愛曰：「待還宮，擢諸王子賢者而立之。」 尼懼其有變，密以狀告殿中尚書源賀，賀時與尼俱典兵宿衞。 仍共南部尚書陸麗謀曰：「宗愛既立南安，還復殺之。 今不能奉戴皇孫，以順民望，社稷危矣。 將欲如何？」 麗曰：「唯有密奉皇孫耳。」 於是賀與尚書長孫渴侯嚴兵守衞，尼與麗迎高宗於苑中。 麗抱高宗於馬上，入京城。 尼馳還東廟，大呼曰：「宗愛殺南安王，大逆不道。 皇孫已登大位，有詔，宿衞之士皆可還宮。」 眾咸唱萬歲。 賀及渴侯登執宗愛、賈周等，勒兵而入，奉高宗於宮門外，入登永安殿。 以尼為內行長，進爵建昌侯。 遷散騎常侍、安南將軍。 又進爵東安公。 尋遷尚書右僕射，加侍中，進封為王。
After Zong Ai killed Prince of Nan'an Yu at the Eastern Temple he kept it secret; only Ni knew what had happened. Ni urged Ai to put Emperor Gaozong on the throne. Ai knew himself guilty toward Crown Prince Jingmu; when he heard this he was alarmed and said, "You great fool—if the imperial grandson takes the throne, will he not remember what happened in the Zhengping era?" Ni said, "If so, whom do you mean to install now?" Ai said, "When we return to the palace, I will choose a worthy prince and put him on the throne." Ni feared Ai would change course; secretly he told Palace Master of Writing Yuan He what had happened. He was then serving with Ni in command of the night guard. He then met with Master of Writing of the Southern Department Lu Li and said, "Zong Ai installed Nan'an and then killed him again. If we do not install the imperial grandson now and answer the people's hopes, the altars of state are in peril. What are we to do?" Li said, "We must secretly install the imperial grandson." Thereupon He and Master of Writing Zhangsun Kehou drew up troops and stood guard, while Ni and Li brought Emperor Gaozong out from the park. Li held Emperor Gaozong in the saddle and rode into the capital. Ni galloped back to the Eastern Temple and cried out, "Zong Ai has killed Prince of Nan'an—treason of the worst kind. The imperial grandson has already ascended the throne. By edict, all night-guard soldiers may return to the palace." All cried "Ten thousand years!" He and Kehou Deng seized Zong Ai, Jia Zhou, and the rest; they led their troops inside, presented Emperor Gaozong at the palace gates, and brought him in to ascend Yong'an Hall. Ni was made Chief of the Inner Guard and raised to Marquis of Jianchang. He was transferred to Regular Attendant of Scattered Cavalry and General Who Pacifies the South. He was further raised to Duke of Dong'an. Soon he was made Right Vice Director of the Masters of Writing and Palace Attendant, and was enfeoffed as king.
43
子社生，襲爵。 世宗時，寧朔將軍、步兵校尉。 熙平初卒。 贈龍驤將軍、朔州刺史，諡曰克。
His son She Sheng inherited the title. Under Emperor Shizong he served as General of Ning Shuo and Colonel of Footsoldiers. He died at the start of the Xiping era. He was posthumously made General of the Flying Dragon and Inspector of Shuo Province, with the posthumous name Ke.
44
劉尼，代人也。 本姓獨孤氏。 曾祖敦，有功於太祖，為方面大人。 父婁，冠軍將軍，卒贈并州刺史。 尼少壯健，有膂力，勇果善射，世祖見而善之，拜羽林中郎，賜爵昌國子，加振威將軍。
Liu Ni was a man of Dai. His original surname was Dugu. His great-grandfather Dun had served Emperor Taizu with distinction and held the rank of regional great chief. His father Lou was General of Champion Cavalry and was posthumously made Inspector of Bing Province. Ni was strong and vigorous from youth, brave and skilled with the bow; Emperor Shizu took a liking to him, made him Gentleman in the Feathered Forest Guard, enfeoffed him as Viscount of Changguo, and named him General Who Quells Might.
45
宗愛既殺南安王余於東廟，祕之，惟尼知狀。 尼勸愛立高宗。 愛自以負罪於景穆，聞而驚曰：「君大癡人，皇孫若立，豈忘正平時事乎？」 尼曰：「若爾，今欲立誰？」 愛曰：「待還宮，擢諸王子賢者而立之。」 尼懼其有變，密以狀告殿中尚書源賀，賀時與尼俱典兵宿衞。 仍共南部尚書陸麗謀曰：「宗愛既立南安，還復殺之。 今不能奉戴皇孫，以順民望，社稷危矣。 將欲如何？」 麗曰：「唯有密奉皇孫耳。」 於是賀與尚書長孫渴侯嚴兵守衞，尼與麗迎高宗於苑中。 麗抱高宗於馬上，入京城。 尼馳還東廟，大呼曰：「宗愛殺南安王，大逆不道。 皇孫已登大位，有詔，宿衞之士皆可還宮。」 眾咸唱萬歲。 賀及渴侯登執宗愛、賈周等，勒兵而入，奉高宗於宮門外，入登永安殿。 以尼為內行長，進爵建昌侯。 遷散騎常侍、安南將軍。 又進爵東安公。 尋遷尚書右僕射，加侍中，進封為王。
After Zong Ai killed Prince of Nan'an Yu at the Eastern Temple he kept it secret; only Ni knew what had happened. Ni urged Ai to put Emperor Gaozong on the throne. Ai knew himself guilty toward Crown Prince Jingmu; when he heard this he was alarmed and said, "You great fool—if the imperial grandson takes the throne, will he not remember what happened in the Zhengping era?" Ni said, "If so, whom do you mean to install now?" Ai said, "When we return to the palace, I will choose a worthy prince and put him on the throne." Ni feared Ai would change course; secretly he told Palace Master of Writing Yuan He what had happened. He was then serving with Ni in command of the night guard. He then met with Master of Writing of the Southern Department Lu Li and said, "Zong Ai installed Nan'an and then killed him again. If we do not install the imperial grandson now and answer the people's hopes, the altars of state are in peril. What are we to do?" Li said, "We must secretly install the imperial grandson." Thereupon He and Master of Writing Zhangsun Kehou drew up troops and stood guard, while Ni and Li brought Emperor Gaozong out from the park. Li held Emperor Gaozong in the saddle and rode into the capital. Ni galloped back to the Eastern Temple and cried out, "Zong Ai has killed Prince of Nan'an—treason of the worst kind. The imperial grandson has already ascended the throne. By edict, all night-guard soldiers may return to the palace." All cried "Ten thousand years!" He and Kehou Deng seized Zong Ai, Jia Zhou, and the rest; they led their troops inside, presented Emperor Gaozong at the palace gates, and brought him in to ascend Yong'an Hall. Ni was made Chief of the Inner Guard and raised to Marquis of Jianchang. He was transferred to Regular Attendant of Scattered Cavalry and General Who Pacifies the South. He was further raised to Duke of Dong'an. Soon he was made Right Vice Director of the Masters of Writing and Palace Attendant, and was enfeoffed as king.
46
子社生，襲爵。 世宗時，寧朔將軍、步兵校尉。 熙平初卒。 贈龍驤將軍、朔州刺史，諡曰克。
His son She Sheng inherited the title. Under Emperor Shizong he served as General of Ning Shuo and Colonel of Footsoldiers. He died at the start of the Xiping era. He was posthumously made General of the Flying Dragon and Inspector of Shuo Province, with the posthumous name Ke.
47
奚眷，代人也。 少有將略。 太祖時有戰功。 太宗時為尚書、假安南將軍、虎牢鎮將，為寇所憚。 世祖初，為中軍、都曹尚書，復鎮虎牢，賜爵南陽公，加使持節、侍中、都督豫洛二州河內諸軍事、鎮南將軍、開府。 尋徙鎮長安。 世祖幸美稷，眷受詔督諸軍，共討山胡白龍于西河，破之，屠其城，斬首數千級，虜其妻子而還。 世祖平姑臧，遣眷討沮渠牧犍弟私署張掖太守宜得。 宜得奔酒泉，酒泉太守無諱與宜得奔高昌。 獲其二城。 後沮渠天周復據酒泉，眷討平之，虜男女四千餘人。 世祖征蠕蠕，以眷為尚書，督偏將出別道，詔會鹿渾海。 眷與中山王辰等諸大將俱後期，斬于都南。 爵除。
Xi Juan was a man of Dai. From youth he showed military talent. During Emperor Taizu's reign he won distinction in battle. Under Emperor Taizong he served as Master of Writing, acting General Who Pacifies the South, and commandant of Hulao—foes feared him. Early in Emperor Shizu's reign he was made Central Army commander and Master of Writing of the Capital Office, again garrisoned Hulao, enfeoffed as Duke of Nanyang, and given the Staff of Authority, Palace Attendant, command of military affairs in Yu and Luo provinces and Henei, the title General Who Guards the South, and an open headquarters. Soon he was transferred to garrison Chang'an. When Emperor Shizu visited Meiji, Juan was ordered to command the armies in a joint campaign against the Shanhu rebel Bai Long in Xihe; they routed him, slaughtered his city, took thousands of heads, and returned with his wife and children as captives. When Emperor Shizu pacified Guzang, he sent Juan against Juqu Mujian's younger brother Yide, who had set himself up as Grand Administrator of Zhangye without authorization. Yide fled to Jiuquan; Grand Administrator Wuwei of Jiuquan fled with him to Gaochang. They captured both cities. Later Juqu Tianzhou seized Jiuquan again; Juan campaigned against him, pacified the city, and took more than four thousand men and women captive. When Emperor Shizu marched against the Rouran, Juan was made Master of Writing and sent to lead detached generals by a separate route, with orders to rendezvous at Luhun Lake. Juan, Prince of Zhongshan Chen, and the other great generals all arrived late; Juan was beheaded south of the capital. His title was revoked.
48
車伊洛，焉耆胡也。 世為東境部落帥，恒修職貢。 世祖錄其誠款，延和中授伊洛平西將軍，封前部王，賜絹一百匹，綿一百斤，繡衣一具，金帶靴帽。 伊洛大悅，規欲歸闕。 沮渠無諱斷路，伊洛與無諱連戰，破之。 時無諱卒，其弟天周奪無諱子乾壽兵，規領部曲。 伊洛前後遣使招喻，乾壽等率戶五百餘家來奔，伊洛送之京師。 又招喻李寶弟欽等五十餘人，送詣敦煌。 伊洛又率部眾二千餘人伐高昌，討破焉耆東關七城，虜獲男女二百人，駝千頭，馬千匹。 以金一百斤奉獻。
Che Yiluo was a man of the Yanqi Hu. For generations his family had been chieftains of eastern-border tribes, and they faithfully paid tribute. Emperor Shizu recognized his loyalty; in the Yanhe era he made Yiluo General Who Pacifies the West and King of the Front Division, granting him a hundred bolts of silk, a hundred jin of cotton, a set of embroidered robes, and a gold belt, boots, and cap. Yiluo was overjoyed and planned to come to court. Juqu Wuwei blocked the road; Yiluo fought him again and again and defeated him. When Wuwei died, his younger brother Tianzhou seized the troops of Wuwei's son Qianshou and meant to take command of the tribal forces. Yiluo sent envoys again and again to win them over; Qianshou and others led more than five hundred households to defect, and Yiluo sent them to the capital. He also won over Li Bao's younger brother Qin and more than fifty others and sent them to Dunhuang. Yiluo again led more than two thousand of his tribesmen against Gaochang, took seven cities at the eastern pass of Yanqi, and captured two hundred men and women, a thousand camels, and a thousand horses. He presented a hundred jin of gold as tribute.
49
先是，伊洛征焉耆，留其子歇守城，而安周乘虛引蠕蠕三道圍歇，并遣使謂歇曰：「爾父已投大魏，爾速歸首，當賜爾爵號。」 歇固守，連戰。 久之，外無救援，為安周所陷，走奔伊洛。 伊洛收集遺散一千餘家，歸焉耆鎮。 世祖嘉之。 正平元年，詔伊洛曰：「歇年尚幼，能固守城邑，忠節顯著，朕甚嘉之。 可遣歇詣闕。」 伊洛令歇將弟波利等十餘人赴都。
Earlier, when Yiluo campaigned in Yanqi, he left his son Xie to hold the city. An Zhou seized the moment and led the Rouran in three columns to besiege Xie, also sending an envoy who said, "Your father has already submitted to Great Wei. Surrender at once and you will be granted a title." Xie held the city and fought on. After a long siege, with no relief from outside, he was overrun by An Zhou and fled to rejoin Yiluo. Yiluo gathered more than a thousand scattered households and returned to the Yanqi garrison. Emperor Shizu commended him. In the first year of Zhengping an edict to Yiluo said, "Xie is still young, yet he held the city firm—his loyalty stands out, and We greatly commend him. Send Xie to court." Yiluo sent Xie, with his younger brother Poli and more than ten others, to the capital.
50
正平二年，伊洛朝京師，賜以妻妾、奴婢、田宅、牛羊，拜上將軍，王如故。 興安二年卒。 贈鎮西大將軍、秦州刺史，諡曰康王。 賜綿絹雜綵五百匹，衣二十七襲。 葬禮依盧魯元故事。
In the second year of Zhengping Yiluo came to court and was granted wives, concubines, servants, fields, houses, cattle, and sheep; he was made Great General and kept his royal title. He died in the second year of Xing'an. He was posthumously made General Who Guards the West and Inspector of Qin Province, with the posthumous name Prince Kang. The court granted five hundred bolts of cotton, silk, and mixed brocade, and twenty-seven suits of clothing. His funeral followed the precedent set for Lu Luyuan.
51
歇襲爵。 皇興末，拜使持節、平西將軍、豫州刺史。 延興三年卒，子伯主襲爵。
Xie inherited the title. At the end of the Huangxing era he was appointed Bearer of the Staff of Authority, General Who Pacifies the West, and Inspector of Yu Province. He died in the third year of Yanxing; his son Bozhu inherited the title.
52
波利，天安二年拜立節將軍，樂官侯。 皇興三年卒，兄子洛都襲爵。
Poli, in the second year of Tian'an, was made General Who Establishes Integrity and Marquis of Yueguan. He died in the third year of Huangxing; his elder brother's son Luodu inherited the title.
53
宿石，朔方人也，赫連屈孑弟文陳之曾孫也。 天興二年，文陳父子歸闕，太祖嘉之，以宗女妻焉，賜奴婢數十口，拜為上將軍。 祖若豆根，太宗時賜姓宿氏，襲上將軍。 父沓干，世祖時虎賁幢將。 從征平涼有功，拜虎威將軍、侍御郎，賜爵漢安男。 轉中散，遷給事，兼領工曹。 從駕討和龍，以功賜奴婢十七戶。 真君四年，從駕討蠕蠕，戰沒。 世祖悼惜之，詔求沓干子。 時石年甫十一，引見，以幼聽歸。 年十三，襲爵，擢為中散。 從駕至江，拜宣威將軍。 興光中，遷侍御史，拜中壘將軍，進爵蔡陽子，典宜官曹。 遷內行令。 從幸苑內，遊獵，石於高宗前走馬，道峻，馬倒殞絕，久之乃蘇。 由是御馬得制。 高宗嘉之，賜綿一百斤，帛五十匹，駿馬一匹，改爵義陽子。 嘗從獵，高宗親欲射虎。 石叩馬而諫，引高宗至高原上。 後虎騰躍殺人。 詔曰：「石為忠臣，鞚馬切諫，免虎之害。 後有犯罪，宥而勿坐。」 賜駿馬一匹。 尚上谷公主，拜駙馬都尉。 天安初，遷散騎常侍、吏部尚書，進爵太山公，為北中道都大將。 [7]延興元年卒。 追贈太原王，諡曰康。 葬禮依盧魯元故事。 太和初，子倪襲爵。 比部侍御。
Su Shi came from Shuofang; he was the great-grandson of Wen Chen, younger brother of Helian Qujie. In the second year of Tianxing Wen Chen and his son came to court; Emperor Taizu commended them, gave Wen Chen an imperial clan daughter in marriage, granted him several dozen servants, and made him Great General. His grandfather Ruodougen was granted the surname Su under Emperor Taizong and inherited the rank of Great General. His father Tagan served under Emperor Shizu as Chief of the Tiger Guard. He joined the campaign against Pingliang and for his service was made General of Tiger Might and Attendant Secretary, enfeoffed as Viscount of Han'an. He was transferred to Palace Scribe, promoted to Gentleman of Service, and put in charge of the Works Office as well. He followed the emperor on the campaign against Helong and for his service was granted seventeen households of servants. In the fourth year of Zhenjun he accompanied the emperor against the Rouran and fell in battle. Emperor Shizu mourned his loss and issued an order to find Tadgan's son. Shi was then only eleven. He was brought before the throne, but because he was still a child he was sent home. At thirteen he succeeded to his father's rank and was made Central Attendant. When the court marched to the Yangtze he was made General Who Proclaims Might. In the Xingguang era he became Attendant Censor and General of the Central Rampart, was raised to Marquis of Caiyang, and took charge of the Bureau of Appropriate Officials. He was made Director of Inner Conduct. On a hunting excursion in the imperial park, Shi galloped ahead of Emperor Gaozong along a steep track. His horse went down and he lay as if dead, not coming to for a long time. After that the emperor's horses were brought under strict control. Emperor Gaozong praised him and rewarded him with a hundred jin of cotton, fifty bolts of silk, and a fine horse, raising his title to Marquis of Yiyang. On one hunt Emperor Gaozong meant to shoot a tiger himself. Shi checked his horse and remonstrated, then led Emperor Gaozong up to higher ground. Soon afterward the tiger sprang out and killed several men. An edict declared, "Shi has proved himself a loyal minister. By reining in his horse and remonstrating with all urgency he spared us the tiger's attack. Should he ever commit an offense hereafter, let him be pardoned and not punished." He was also given a fine horse. He married Princess Shanggu and was made Commandant of Escort. Early in the Tian'an era he became Regular Palace Attendant and Minister of Personnel, was raised to Duke of Taishan, and appointed Grand General of the Northern Middle Route. [7] He died in the first year of Yanxing. He was posthumously enfeoffed as Prince of Taiyuan, with the posthumous name Kang. His funeral followed the precedent established for Lu Luyuan. Early in the Taihe era his son Ni succeeded to the title. He became Attendant Censor of the Bureau of Comparison.
54
來大千，[8]代人也。 父初真，從太祖避難叱候山，參創業之功，官至後將軍，武原侯，與在八議。 大千驍果，善騎射，為騎都尉。 永興初，襲爵，遷中散。 至於朝賀之日，大千常著御鎧，盤馬殿前，朝臣莫不嗟歎。 遷內幢將，典宿衞禁旅。 大千用法嚴明，上下齊肅。 嘗從太宗校獵，見虎在高巖上，大千持矟直前刺之，應手而死。 太宗嘉其勇壯，又為殿中給事。
Lai Daqian [8] came from Dai. His father Chuzhen had followed Emperor Taizu to refuge at Chihou Mountain and shared in the founding of the dynasty, rising to Later General and Marquis of Wuyuan and earning a place among the Eight Deliberations. Daqian was bold and formidable, a master of mounted archery, and was made Commandant of Cavalry. At the opening of the Yongxing era he succeeded to his father's rank and was made Central Attendant. On court festival days Daqian would appear in imperial armor and wheel his horse before the hall, to the wonder of every minister present. He was made Inner Banner General and placed in command of the palace guard. Daqian enforced the law with stern clarity, and discipline ran from top to bottom. Once, while hunting with Emperor Taizong, he spotted a tiger on a high cliff. Daqian drove his spear home at a single thrust and killed it on the spot. Emperor Taizong admired his courage and also appointed him Palace Attendant.
55
世祖踐祚，與襄城公盧魯元等七人俱為常侍，持仗侍衞，晝夜不離左右。 從討赫連昌，共長孫道生與賊交戰。 道生馬倒，為賊所擊，大千馳救，賊眾散走。 大千扶道生上馬，遂得免。 從討蠕蠕，戰功居多。 遷征北大將軍，賜爵廬陵公，鎮雲中，兼統白道軍事。 〈闕〉 賊北叛，大千前後追擊，莫不平殄。 延和初，車駕北伐，大千為前鋒，大破虜軍。 世祖以其壯勇，數有戰功，兼悉北境險要，詔大千巡撫六鎮，以防寇虜。 經略布置，甚得事宜。 後吐京胡反，以大千為都將討平之。 在吐京卒，喪還，停於平城南。 世祖出，還，見而問之，左右以對，世祖悼歎者良久。 詔曰：「大千忠勇盡節，功在可嘉，今聽喪入殯城內。」 贈司空，諡曰莊公。
When Emperor Shizu came to the throne, Daqian and Duke of Xiangcheng Lu Luyuan and six others were all made Regular Attendants, armed with ceremonial staffs and attending him day and night without leave. He joined the campaign against Helian Chang and, together with Changsun Daosheng, fought the enemy in the field. Daosheng's horse went down under enemy blows; Daqian galloped to his aid and the foe broke and ran. Daqian helped Daosheng back into the saddle and saw him safely away. On the campaign against the Rouran he accounted for the greater part of the victory. He was made Great General Who Conquers the North and Duke of Luling, posted to Yunzhong with overall command of White Road military affairs. 〈Text missing in the manuscript.〉 When the rebels fled north, Daqian pursued them in successive actions until none were left. Early in the Yanhe era, on the northern expedition, Daqian led the vanguard and routed the enemy army. Emperor Shizu, knowing Daqian's valor, his record of victories, and his mastery of the northern frontier, ordered him to tour and secure the six garrisons against invasion. His arrangements were admirably suited to the situation. When the Tujing Hu rose in rebellion afterward, Daqian was appointed commander-in-chief and put the revolt down. He died at Tujing, and on the return of his coffin it was halted south of Pingcheng. Emperor Shizu went out and, on his return, saw the coffin and asked what it was. When his attendants told him, he mourned and sighed at length. An edict ran, "Daqian served with absolute loyalty and courage; his merit is beyond praise. Let his coffin be brought within the city for burial." He was posthumously made Minister of Works, with the posthumous title Duke Zhuang.
56
子丘頹，襲爵。 降為晉興侯。 拜安遠將軍。 從駕到江，進右將軍。 和平中，遷中散，轉相曹都典奉事。 皇興四年卒。 贈寧南將軍、陳留公，諡曰簡。 子蕇襲爵。
His son Qiutui succeeded to the title. The rank was lowered to Marquis of Jinxing. He was made General Who Pacifies the Distance. When the court marched to the Yangtze he was promoted to Right General. In the Heping era he became Central Attendant and then Chief of Tribute Affairs in the Ministry of Works Bureau. He died in the fourth year of Huangxing. He was posthumously made General Who Pacifies the South and Duke of Chenliu, with the posthumous name Jian. His son Tan succeeded to the title.
57
丘頹弟提，官至監御曹給事，冠軍將軍，兗州刺史，濮陽侯。 太和十年卒。
Qiutui's younger brother Ti rose to Supervisor of the Imperial Guard Bureau Attendant, Champion General, Inspector of Yan Province, and Marquis of Puyang. He died in the tenth year of Taihe.
58
周幾，代人也。 父千，有功太祖之世，賜爵順陽侯。 坐事死。 幾少以善騎射為獵郎。 太宗即位，[9]為殿中侍御史，掌宿衞禁兵，斷決稱職。 遷左民尚書。 神瑞中，并州飢民遊食山東，詔幾領眾鎮博陵之魯口以安集之。 泰常初，白澗、行唐民數千家負嶮不供輸稅，幾與安康子長孫道生宣示禍福，逃民遂還。 于時郡縣斬叛胡翟猛雀於林慮山，猛雀遺種竄於行唐及襄國。 幾追討，盡誅之。 後為寧朔將軍，拒司馬德宗將劉裕於南，破毛德祖於土樓。 以功賜爵交阯侯。 世祖以幾有智勇，遣鎮河南，威信著于外境。 幾常嫌奚斤等綏撫關中失和，百姓不附。 每至言論，形於聲色。 斤等憚焉。 進號宋兵將軍。 率洛州刺史于栗磾以萬人襲陝城，卒于軍，軍人無不歎惜之。 歸葬京師。 追贈交阯公，諡曰桓。
Zhou Ji came from Dai. His father Qian won distinction under Emperor Taizu and was enfeoffed as Marquis of Shunyang. He was put to death for a crime. In youth Ji was so skilled at mounted archery that he was made a Hunter Attendant. When Emperor Taizong came to the throne [9] he was made Attendant Censor within the Palace and put in charge of the palace guard; his decisions were always sound. He was made Minister of the Left People. In the Shenrui era, starving refugees from Bing Province drifted east of the mountains, and Ji was ordered to lead troops to the Luo mouth at Boling to receive and settle them. Early in the Taichang era several thousand households in Baijian and Xingtang held the mountain passes and refused tribute. Ji and Ankangzi Changsun Daosheng set out the consequences before them, and the fugitives came back. About that time the prefectures and counties executed the rebel Hu chieftain Mengque at Linyu Mountain, but Mengque's remaining followers hid out in Xingtang and Xiangguo. Ji hunted them down and put every one of them to death. Later he was made General Who Pacifies the North, held Liu Yu, a general of Sima Dezong, in the south, and broke Mao Dezu at Tulou. For his service he was enfeoffed as Marquis of Jiaozhi. Emperor Shizu, recognizing Ji's wisdom and courage, posted him to garrison Henan, where his authority was felt far beyond the frontier. Ji often blamed Xi Jin and his colleagues for mishandling the pacification of Guanzhong so badly that the people would not rally to the court. Whenever the subject came up, his anger showed plainly in face and voice. Xi Jin and the rest were afraid of him. He was promoted to General of Song Troops. Leading Inspector of Luo Province Yu Libian and ten thousand men in a raid on Shancheng, he died in camp, and every soldier mourned him. His body was brought back to the capital for burial. He was posthumously enfeoffed as Duke of Jiaozhi, with the posthumous name Huan.
59
子步，襲爵。 卒。
His son Bu succeeded to the title. He died.
60
子安國，襲爵。 太和中，討蠕蠕，失利，伏法。 爵除。
His son Anguo succeeded to the title. During the Taihe era he took the field against the Rouran, met defeat, and was put to death by sentence of law. The enfeoffment was abolished.
61
豆代田，代人也。 太宗時以善騎射為內細射。 從攻虎牢，詔代田登樓射賊，矢不虛發。 與奚斤前鋒先入，擒劉義隆將毛德祖并長史、司馬三人。 以功遷內三郎。 從討赫連昌，乘勝追賊，入其宮門，門閉，代田踰宮而出。 世祖壯之，拜勇武將軍。 後從駕平昌，以戰功賜奴婢十五口，黃金百斤，銀百斤。 神䴥中，討蠕蠕，賜爵關中侯。 從討平涼，擊破赫連定，得奚斤等。 世祖以定妻賜之，詔斤膝行授酒於代田。 敕斤曰：「全爾身命者，代田功也。」 改爵井陘侯，加散騎常侍、右衞將軍、領內都幢將。 從討和龍，戰功居多，遷殿中尚書，賜奴婢六十口。 以前後軍功，進爵長廣公，加平東將軍。 從駕南討。 轉太子太保。 出為統萬鎮大將。 興安中卒。 贈侍中、安東大將軍、長廣王，諡曰恭。
Dou Daitian came from Dai. Under Emperor Taizong his skill at mounted archery won him appointment as Inner Fine Archer. He joined the assault on Hulao, was ordered up onto the tower to shoot at the enemy, and never wasted an arrow. Serving in Xi Jin's vanguard he went in first and took Liu Yilong's general Mao Dezu along with the chief clerk and marshal—three captives in all. For this service he was made Inner Third Lang. On the campaign against Helian Chang he pressed the pursuit into the palace itself. When the gate slammed shut behind him, he climbed the palace wall and escaped. Emperor Shizu was impressed and made him Brave and Martial General. Later he accompanied the emperor in the pacification of Chang and, for his battlefield service, was given fifteen bond servants plus a hundred jin of gold and a hundred jin of silver. In the Shenjuan era he fought the Rouran and was enfeoffed as Marquis of Guanzhong. He joined the campaign against Pingliang, broke Helian Ding, and took Xi Jin and his fellows prisoner. Emperor Shizu gave Helian Ding's wife to Daitian and ordered Xi Jin to crawl forward on his knees and present him with wine. He told Xi Jin, "The man who saved your life was Daitian." His title was changed to Marquis of Jingxing, and he was further made Regular Palace Attendant, Right Guard General, and commander of the Inner Banner General. On the campaign against Helong his achievements stood out above the rest; he was made Director within the Palace and given sixty bond servants. For his cumulative military service he was raised to Duke of Changgung and made General Who Pacifies the East. He accompanied the emperor on the southern expedition. He was made Grand Guardian of the Crown Prince. He was posted as General of the Tongwan Garrison. He died during the Xing'an reign. He was posthumously made Palace Attendant and General Who Pacifies the East, enfeoffed as Prince of Changguang, with the posthumous name Gong.
62
子求周，為內三郎。 從駕到江，賜爵五等子。 又進爵為侯。 後襲父爵。 為吏部尚書。 皇興二年卒。 贈征北大將軍、長廣王，諡曰簡。 子多侯襲爵。
His son Qiuzhou served as Third Lang within the Palace. He accompanied the emperor south to the Yangtze and was enfeoffed as a fifth-rank viscount. His rank was later raised to marquis. He later succeeded to his father's title. He was appointed Director of the Ministry of Personnel. He died in the second year of Huangxing. He was posthumously made General Who Conquers the North and Prince of Changguang, with the posthumous name Jian. His son Duohou succeeded to the title.
63
子豆，初為三郎，遷軍將。 卒于長樂太守。
His son Dou began as a Third Lang and was promoted to General. He died in office as Administrator of Changle.
64
閭大肥，蠕蠕人也。 太祖時，與其弟大埿倍頤率宗族歸國。 太祖善之，尚華陰公主，賜爵其思子，與其弟並為上賓，入八議。 太宗即位，進大肥為內都大官，增爵為侯。 神瑞中，為都將，討越勒部於跋那山，大破之。 泰常初，復為都將，領禁兵討蠕蠕，獲其大將莫孤渾。 宜城王奚斤之攻虎牢也，大肥與娥清領十二軍出中道，略地高平、金鄉，東至泰山。 假大肥使持節、安陽公，鎮撫陳汝。 世祖初，復與奚斤出雲中白道討大檀，破之。 還為內都大官。 出除使持節、冀青二州刺史，假滎陽公。 尋徵還，位特進。 復出為冀青二州刺史。 尋入為內都大官。 從討赫連昌，以功授滎陽公。 公主薨，復尚濩澤公主。 又為都將，擊大檀，大破之。 還至渴侯山，遂討東部高車於巳尼陂。 又征平涼，並有功。 世祖將拜大肥為王，遇疾卒。 追贈中山王。 子賀，早卒。
Lü Dafei was a man of the Rouran. During Emperor Taizu's reign he and his younger brother Da Ai Beiyi led their clan into allegiance. Emperor Taizu took a liking to him, married him to Princess Huayin, enfeoffed him as Viscount of Qisi, and with his brother enrolled both among the court's honored guests in the Eight Privileges. When Emperor Taizong came to the throne, Dafei was made Grand Director of Internal Affairs and raised to marquis. In the Shenrui era he served as commander-general, attacked the Yuele tribe at Bana Mountain, and routed them. At the start of Taichang he again commanded the guard troops against the Rouran and took their general Moguhun prisoner. When Prince of Yicheng Xi Jin besieged Hulao, Dafei and E Qing led twelve armies on the central route, sweeping through Gaoping and Jinxiang as far east as Mount Tai. Dafei was made acting Bearer of the Staff of Authority and Duke of Anyang to pacify Chen and Ru. Early in Emperor Shizu's reign he again marched with Xi Jin from Bai Road in Yunzhong against Datan and broke his forces. On his return he was made Grand Director of Internal Affairs. He was sent out as Inspector of Ji and Qing with the Staff of Authority and the acting title Duke of Xingyang. He was soon recalled and granted the rank of Special Advance. He was again posted as Inspector of Ji and Qing. Before long he was recalled as Grand Director of Internal Affairs. He joined the campaign against Helian Chang and for his service was enfeoffed as Duke of Xingyang. After his first princess consort died he was given Princess Huoze in marriage. Again as commander-general he attacked Datan and shattered his army. On the march back to Kehou Mountain he turned against the eastern Gaoche at Sini Marsh. He also took part in the campaign against Pingliang, earning merit in both actions. Emperor Shizu was on the point of raising Dafei to princely rank when illness carried him off. He was posthumously enfeoffed as Prince of Zhongshan. His son He died young.
65
大肥弟驎，襲爵。 出為仇池鎮將。 卒，無子。
Dafei's younger brother Lin succeeded to the title. He was posted as General of the Chouci Garrison. He died leaving no son.
66
弟鳳，襲爵。 高宗時為內都大官，出為鎮南將軍、肆州刺史。 卒，無子，爵除。
His younger brother Feng succeeded to the title. Under Emperor Gaozong he served as Grand Director of Internal Affairs, then was sent out as General Who Guards the South and Inspector of Si Province. He died without an heir and the title lapsed.
67
尉撥，代人也。 父那，濮陽太守。 撥為太學生，募從兗州刺史羅忸擊賊於陳汝，有功，賜爵介休男。 從討和龍，遷虎賁帥，轉千人軍將。 又從樂平王丕討和龍。 除涼州軍將，擊吐谷渾，獲其人一千餘落。 後吐谷渾小將率三百餘落來降，尋復亡叛，撥率騎追之，盡獲而還。 以功進爵為子。 [10]遷晉昌鎮將，綏懷邊民，甚著稱績。 入為知臣監。 出為杏城鎮將，在任九年，大收民和，山民一千餘家、上郡徒各、盧水胡八百餘落，盡附為民。 高宗以撥清平有惠績，賜以衣服。 顯祖即位，為北征都將。 復為都將，南攻懸瓠，破劉彧將朱湛之水軍三千人，拜懸瓠鎮將，加員外散騎常侍，進爵安城侯。 顯祖嘉其聲效，復賜衣服。 轉平南將軍、北豫州刺史。 後洛州民田智度聚黨謀逆。 詔撥乘傳發豫州兵與洛州刺史丘頓擊之，獲智度，送京師。 撥卒，贈冠軍將軍，諡敬侯。
Wei Bo was a man of Dai. His father Na was Administrator of Puyang. Bo studied at the Imperial Academy, volunteered to follow Inspector of Yan Province Luo Ni against bandits in Chen and Ru, distinguished himself, and was enfeoffed as Viscount of Jiexiu. He joined the campaign against Helong, was made commandant of the Tiger Guard, then commander of a thousand-man detachment. He again marched with Prince of Le Ping Pi against Helong. Appointed military commander of Liang Province, he attacked the Tuyuhun and took more than a thousand households captive. Later a Tuyuhun subordinate brought three hundred-odd households in surrender, then rebelled and fled; Bo pursued with cavalry, recaptured every one of them, and returned. For his service his rank was raised to viscount. Posted to the Jinchang garrison, he won over the frontier populace and earned wide praise. He was recalled to court as Director of the Office of Knowing Ministers. As General of the Xingcheng Garrison he served nine years and won the people's trust; more than a thousand mountain households in Shang commandery, the Tuge, and eight hundred-odd Lushui Hu households all submitted and were registered as subjects. Emperor Gaozong rewarded him with robes for his integrity and his record of benevolent rule. When Emperor Xianzu came to the throne, Bo was made Commander-in-Chief of the Northern Expedition. Again commanding troops he struck south at Xuanchi, destroyed three thousand of Liu Yu's men under Zhu Zhanzhi on the river, was made General of the Xuanchi Garrison and Supernumerary Regular Attendant of Scattered Cavalry, and raised to Marquis of Ancheng. Emperor Xianzu praised his reputation and results and again granted him robes. He was transferred to General Who Pacifies the South and Inspector of Northern Yuzhou. Later Tian Zhidu of Luozhou gathered followers and plotted rebellion. An edict sent Bo post-haste to raise Yuzhou troops and, with Inspector of Luozhou Qiu Dun, crush the plot; Zhidu was taken and sent to the capital. Bo died and was posthumously made General of Champion Cavalry, with the posthumous name Jinghou.
68
陸真，代人也。 父洛侯，秦州長史。 真少善騎射。 世祖初，以真膂力過人，拜內三郎。 數從征伐，所在摧鋒陷陳，前後以功屢受賞賜。
Lu Zhen was a man of Dai. His father Luohou was Chief Clerk of Qin Province. From youth Zhen was skilled in mounted archery. Early in Emperor Shizu's reign his exceptional strength won him appointment as Third Lang within the Palace. He fought in campaign after campaign, always at the point of the assault, and was rewarded again and again.
69
真君中，從討蠕蠕，以功賜爵關內侯。 後攻懸瓠，登樓臨射城中，弦不虛發。 劉義隆將王玄謨眾數萬人寇滑臺，真從世祖討之。 夜與數人乘小船突玄謨軍，入城撫慰，登城，巡行賊營中，乃還渡河。 至明，玄謨敗走。 從駕至江，真再破賊軍，拜建武將軍、石城子。 還攻盱眙，真功居多，遷給事中，典太倉事。
In the Zhenjun era he campaigned against the Rouran and was enfeoffed as Marquis Within the Passes. Later at Xuanchi he climbed a tower and shot into the city; every arrow found its mark. Wang Xuanymo of Liu Yilong marched on Huatai with tens of thousands of men; Zhen followed Emperor Shizu against him. By night he took a small boat with a handful of men, slipped through Xuanymo's lines, entered the city to hearten the defenders, walked the walls, threaded the enemy camps, and crossed back over the river. At daybreak Xuanymo's army broke and fled. On the southern campaign to the Yangtze he again routed the enemy and was made General Who Establishes Might and Viscount of Shicheng. On the return march he helped take Xuyi, where his contribution stood foremost; he was made Attendant Within the Yellow Gates and superintendent of the Grand Granary.
70
高宗即位，拜冠軍將軍，進爵都昌侯。 遷散騎常侍，選部尚書。 時丁零數千家寇竊并定，真與并州刺史乞伏成龍自樂平東入，與定州刺史許崇之併力討滅。 從駕巡東海，以真為寧西將軍。 尋遷安西將軍、長安鎮將，假建平公。 胡賊帥賀略孫聚眾千餘人叛于石樓。 真擊破之，殺五百餘人。 是時，初置長蛇鎮，真率眾築城，未訖，而氐豪仇傉檀等反叛，氐民咸應，其眾甚盛。 真擊平之，殺四千餘人，卒城長蛇而還。
When Emperor Gaozong came to the throne he was made General of Champion Cavalry and raised to Marquis of Duchang. He was promoted to Regular Attendant of Scattered Cavalry and Director of the Selection Bureau. When several thousand Dingling households turned to raiding in Bing and Ding, Zhen marched from Leping in the east with Inspector of Bing Province Qifu Chenglong and, joining Inspector of Ding Province Xu Chongzhi, wiped them out. On the imperial tour of the Eastern Sea he was made General Who Stills the West. Soon he was promoted to General Who Pacifies the West and General of the Chang'an Garrison, with the acting title Duke of Jianping. The Hu chieftain He Luesun gathered a thousand followers and rebelled at Shilou. Zhen routed them and killed more than five hundred. When the new Changshe garrison was still rising from the ground, the Di chieftain Qiu Nutan rebelled and the Di clans answered in force. Zhen crushed the revolt, killed more than four thousand, completed the Changshe fort, and returned.
71
東平王道符反于長安，殺雍州刺史魚玄明，關中草草。 以真為長安鎮將，賜爵河南公。 長安兵民，素伏威信，真到，撫慰之，皆怡然安靜。 咸陽民趙昌受劉彧署龍驤將軍，扇動鄠、𥂕厔二縣，聚黨數百人據赤谷以叛。 真與雍州刺史劉邈討平之，昌單騎走免。 後鄠縣民王稚兄弟，聚二千餘人，招引趙昌。 始平、石安、池陽、靈武四縣人皆應之，眾至五千，據治谷堡。 時詔南郡王李惠等領步騎六千討昌。 真以大軍未至，慮昌滋蔓，與雍州刺史劉邈討昌。 昌出營拒戰，真擊破之，斬昌及賊首三千餘級，傳首京師，并誅其黨與七百餘人，獲男女一千餘口。 雍州民夷，莫不震伏。 在鎮數年，甚著威稱。 延興二年卒。 歸葬京師，諡曰烈。
Prince of Dongping Daofu rose at Chang'an, murdered Inspector of Yong Province Yu Xuanming, and all Guanzhong was thrown into alarm. Zhen was posted as General of the Chang'an Garrison and enfeoffed as Duke of Henan. The people of Chang'an had long known his authority; when he arrived they took heart and the city settled. Zhao Chang of Xianyang, whom Liu Yu had made General of Flying Cavalry, stirred up E and Zhouzhi; several hundred men rallied to him and seized Chigu Valley. Zhen and Inspector of Yong Province Liu Miao put down the revolt; Chang alone escaped on horseback. Later the brothers Wang Zhi of E County mustered more than two thousand men and called Zhao Chang to join them. People from Shiping, Shi'an, Chiyang, and Lingwu rose with them until five thousand held Zhigu Fort. An edict then sent Prince of Nanjun Li Hui with six thousand foot and horse against Chang. Fearing Chang would spread before the main force arrived, Zhen and Inspector of Yong Province Liu Miao moved against him at once. Chang marched out to give battle; Zhen broke him, beheaded Chang and three thousand-odd ringleaders, sent the heads to the capital, executed seven hundred more of his followers, and took more than a thousand captives. Every household and tribe in Yong Province bowed to his authority. He held the garrison several years and his stern reputation spread far. He died in the second year of Yansing. His body was returned to the capital for burial; his posthumous name was Lie.
72
子延，字契胡提，頗有氣幹，襲爵河南公。 累遷歷長安鎮將，拜安南將軍、濟州刺史。 例降，改封汝陽侯。 京兆王愉為徐州刺史，以延為愉府司馬，帶彭城內史。 正始初，除武川鎮將。 入除太僕卿。 都督沃野、武川、懷朔三鎮諸軍事、安北將軍、懷朔鎮大將，加散騎常侍。 正光初，拜金紫光祿大夫，復除太僕卿。 受使綏慰秀容，為牧子所害。
His son Yan, styled Qihuti, was a man of force and spirit and succeeded as Duke of Henan. He rose through repeated promotions to General of the Chang'an Garrison, then General Who Pacifies the South and Inspector of Ji Province. By precedent his rank was reduced and he was re-enfeoffed as Marquis of Ruyang. When Prince of Jingzhao Yu was Inspector of Xuzhou, Yan served as his staff officer and concurrently as Administrator of Pengcheng. At the start of Zhengshi he was made General of the Wuchuan Garrison. He was recalled and appointed Minister of the Imperial Stud. He was put in command of the Woye, Wuchuan, and Huaishuo garrisons as General Who Pacifies the North and General of Huaishuo, with the additional rank of Regular Attendant of Scattered Cavalry. At the start of Zhengguang he was made Grand Master of Splendid Happiness with the golden seal and purple ribbon and again appointed Minister of the Imperial Stud. Sent to pacify Xiurong, he was murdered by local herdsmen.
73
弟什夤，太府卿、平東將軍、光祿大夫。 建義初，拜都官尚書。 卒於平南將軍、光祿大夫。
His younger brother Shiyin served as Minister of the Imperial Treasury, General Who Pacifies the East, and Grand Master of Splendid Happiness. At the start of Jianyi he was made Director of the Ministry of Justice. He died in office as General Who Pacifies the South and Grand Master of Splendid Happiness.
74
呂洛拔，代人也。 曾祖渴侯，昭成時率戶五千歸國。 祖肥，濮陽太守。 父匹知，世祖時為西部長、滎陽公。 洛拔以壯勇知名，高宗末為平原鎮都將。 劉彧徐州刺史薛安都歸誠，請援。 詔遣尉元率眾救之，洛拔隨元入彭城。 彧將張永遣將王茂之領兵五千向武原，援其運車。 元遣洛拔率騎詣武原擊之。 格戰二日，手殺九人。 奪賊運車二百餘乘，牛二百五十頭。 仍共擊張永，大敗之。 賜爵成武侯，加建義將軍。 年五十六，卒。
Lü Luoba was a man of Dai. His great-grandfather Kehou, in Emperor Zhaocheng's reign, led five thousand households into allegiance. His grandfather Fei was Administrator of Puyang. His father Pizhi, under Emperor Shizu, was Chief of the Western Department and Duke of Xingyang. Luoba was famed for strength and valor; in the late Gaozong years he commanded the Pingyuan garrison. Xue Andu, Liu Yu's Inspector of Xuzhou, pledged allegiance and begged for relief. An edict sent Wei Yuan with an army to his aid; Luoba marched in with Yuan to Pengcheng. Yu's general Zhang Yong dispatched Wang Maozhi with five thousand men toward Wuyuan to cover the supply train. Yuan sent Luoba with cavalry to strike them at Wuyuan. For two days they fought at close quarters; Luoba himself killed nine men. They captured more than two hundred supply wagons and two hundred fifty oxen. They then turned on Zhang Yong together and routed him. He was enfeoffed as Marquis of Chengwu and made General Who Establishes Righteousness. He died at fifty-six.
75
長子文祖，顯祖以其勳臣子，補龍牧曹奏事中散。 以牧產不滋，坐徙於武川鎮。 後文祖以舊語譯注皇誥，辭義通辯，超授陽平太守。 未拜，轉為外都曹奏事中散。 後坐事伏法。
His eldest son Wenzu, as the son of a meritorious minister, was given a post as Attendant Drafting Clerk in the Dragon Pasturage Office under Emperor Xianzu. When the herds failed to multiply he was banished to the Wuchuan garrison. Later Wenzu translated and glossed the imperial proclamations in the old tongue with clear, forceful prose and was abruptly appointed Administrator of Yangping. Before he could take up the post he was transferred to Attendant Drafting Clerk in the Outer Department Office. He was later executed for a crime.
76
史臣曰：仁人之言，必有博利。 參合之役，威罰實行，蓋王建之罪歟？ 安同異類之人，智識入用，任等時俊，當有由哉。 頡擒赫連昌，摧義隆眾，遂為名將，未易輕也。 樓伏連、丘堆、娥清，俱以壯勇，征伐四克。 劉尼忠國翼主，豈徒驍猛之用乎？ 奚眷將略致位，不能以功名自終。 車伊洛自遠宅心，異凡戎矣。 宿石等並忠勤勇略，有將帥之才，自致青雲，豈徒然也。
The historian writes: A humane man's words ought to bring wide good. At Canhe Slope terror was made real in blood—was that not Wang Jian's doing? An Tong stood apart from his kind; his wit was given room to work and he was ranked with the age's best men—surely not without cause. He took Helian Chang and broke Yilong's armies, earning a general's fame that none should dismiss lightly. Lou Fulian, Qiu Dui, and E Qing won their battles by sheer force of arms. Liu Ni served the throne faithfully and steadied his sovereign—was he valued only as a fighting man? Xi Juan climbed by strategy but could not end his career in honor. Che Yiluo set his heart on the dynasty from afar—no common frontier man. Su Shi and his fellows were loyal, tireless, brave, and shrewd—true commanders who climbed to eminence by their own merit, not by accident.
77
校勘記
Textual notes
78
還為左大夫諸本「左」下衍「右」字，今據北史卷二０王建傳，冊府卷三五二 〈四一八二頁〉 、卷三八一 〈四五二六頁〉 、卷九四三 〈一一一０八頁〉 刪。
Returned to Left Grand Master: all editions carry a spurious "right" under "left"; corrected per Beishi juan 20 (Wang Jian) and Cefu juan 352 〈p. 4182〉 , juan 381 〈p. 4526〉 , and juan 943 〈p. 11108〉 —removed.
79
賜僮隸五千戶冊府卷三八一 〈四五二六頁〉 「千」作「十」。 按魏初賜奴婢、隸戶一般是數十戶，從未有這樣大的數字，如同卷安同「賜隸戶三十」，劉尼「賜別戶三十」，宿石「賜奴婢十七戶」。 「千」字當是「十」之訛。
Granted five thousand households of bond servants and retainers. Cefu juan 381 〈p. 4526〉 has "ten" where the text reads "thousand." Note: Early Wei grants of slaves and dependent households ran to a few dozen at most—never thousands—as in this same scroll: An Tong received thirty dependent households, Liu Ni thirty separate households, Su Shi seventeen slave households. "Thousand" is almost certainly a corruption of "ten."
80
烏丸庫傉官鳴聚黨為寇諸本「庫傉官鳴」作「庫侲宮鳴」。 按卷二太祖紀天興元年三月記「漁陽羣盜庫傉官韜聚眾反」，七月又記「漁陽羣盜庫傉官韜復聚黨為寇，詔冠軍將軍王建討平之」。 卷一一三官氏志：「庫褥官氏，後改為庫氏。」 「庫傉官」是烏丸姓，「傉」或作「褥」，作「辱」。 這裏「侲宮」二字顯為「傉官」之訛，今改正。 其名，紀作「韜」，可能一人二名，也可能是二人，今不改。
The Wuhuan Kuru Guan Ming raised a band: all editions miswrite the name as Ku Zhen Gong Ming. Annals of Emperor Taizu, Tianxing 1, month 3: "Yuyang bandits Kuru Guan Tao gather in revolt"; month 7: "Kuru Guan Tao again raids; edict orders General of Champion Cavalry Wang Jian to suppress them." Treatise on Clans (juan 113): "The Kuruguan clan later shortened to Ku." Kuruguan" is a Wuhuan surname with several alternate spellings in the manuscript tradition. The characters Zhen Gong here are plainly a corruption of Guan; emended accordingly. The Annals give the name as Tao—perhaps one man with two names, or two men; left unchanged.
81
遣斤鎮慮虒以撫慰之諸本「慮虒」倒作「虒慮」。 按「慮虒」漢縣。 卷一０六上地形志上肆州永安郡驢夷條云：「二漢屬太原，曰『慮虒』，晉罷，太和十年復，改。」 此時縣尚未復改，承用廢縣舊名。 今乙正。
Sent Jin to garrison Lüsi and pacify them: all editions reverse the place-name to Si Lü. Lüsi was a Han county. Geography (juan 106a), Sizhou, Yong'an, Lüyi: "Under the Two Han it was in Taiyuan, called Lüsi; abolished under Jin, restored Taihe 10, then renamed." At this date the county had not yet been re-established under its new name; the old abolished name is used. Emended accordingly.
82
同長子屈百衲本卷末有宋人校語云：「同父名屈，同長子又名屈，同雖胡人，祖孫不應同名。」 諸本無此校語，殿本入考證，却不說明是宋人語。 按「屈」是音譯，祖孫同名是常事。
Tong's eldest son was also named Qu. A Song note in the Baipu edition reads: "Tong's father was Qu, Tong's eldest son also Qu—even barbarians should not repeat names across generations." Other editions omit the note; the Dian Kaozheng includes it without marking it as Song commentary. Qu is a transliteration; repeated names across generations were common.
83
至于衡關通鑑卷一二一 〈三八一九頁〉 「衡」作「潼」。 卷二五崔浩傳、卷三七司馬楚之傳敍此事都作「潼關」，冊府卷三五三 〈四一八六頁〉 又作「衞關」。 按寰宇記卷二九華陰縣潼關條引三輔記：「潼關本名衝關，河水自龍門衝激至華山東，故以名之。」 元和志卷二潼關條亦云：「河在關內，南流衝激關山，因謂之『衝關』。」 潼，廣韻亦讀尺容切，與「衝」音義俱同。 知「潼關」亦名「衝關」。 這裏「衡」與冊府「衛」字都是「衝」字之訛。
Regarding Heng Pass. Zizhi tongjian juan 121 〈p. 3819〉 reads Tong for Heng. Biographies of Cui Hao (juan 25) and Sima Chuzhi (juan 37) both say Tong Pass; Cefu juan 353 〈p. 4186〉 gives Wei Pass instead. Huanyu ji (juan 29), Huayin, Tong Pass, citing Sanfu ji: "Originally Chong Pass—the river rushes from Longmen to Mount Hua, hence the name." Yuanhe zhi (juan 2), Tong Pass: "The river inside the pass flows south and batters the mountains—hence Chong Pass." Tong in Guangyun shares the reading of chong in both sound and sense. So Tong Pass is also Chong Pass. Heng here and Wei in Cefu are both corruptions of Chong.
84
為北中道都大將北史卷二五宿石傳「北」下有「征」字，按此字不應省，當是此傳脫去。
Commander-in-Chief of the Northern Middle Route: Beishi juan 25 (Su Shi) reads Northern Expedition Route; that character was probably dropped here.
85
來大千北史卷二五本傳「千」作「干」。
Lai Daqian: Beishi juan 25 writes the final character as gan instead of qian.
86
太宗即位諸本「太宗」作「太祖」，北史卷二五周幾傳作「明元」。 張森楷云：「上已云『父千，有功太祖之世』，則此不應復云『太祖即位』，『祖』當是『宗』之誤。」 按張說是，今據北史改。
When Emperor Taizong took the throne: all editions read Taizu; Beishi juan 25 (Zhou Ji) reads Mingyuan. Zhang Senkai: "The text already says his father served Taizu; this line cannot again say Taizu took the throne—zu is a mistake for zong." Zhang is right; emended per Beishi.
87
以功進爵為子諸本脫「爵」字，今據北史卷二五尉撥傳、冊府卷三五三 〈四一八八頁〉 補。
For merit his title was advanced to viscount: all editions omit "title"; restored per Beishi juan 25 (Wei Bo) and Cefu juan 353 〈p. 4188〉 Text restored.