1
朱瑞叱列延慶斛斯椿賈顯度樊子鵠賀拔勝侯莫陳悅侯淵
Zhu Rui; Chilie Yanqing; Hu Sichun; Jia Xiandu; Fan Zihu; He Basheng; Houmochen Yue; Hou Yuan
2
朱瑞，字元龍，代郡桑乾人。 祖就，字祖成，卒於沛縣令。 父惠，字僧生，行太原太守，卒。 永安中，瑞貴達，就贈平東將軍、齊州刺史，惠贈使持節、冠軍將軍、恒州刺史。
Zhu Rui, whose courtesy name was Yuanlong, came from Sanggan in Dai Commandery. His grandfather Jiu, courtesy name Zucheng, died in office as magistrate of Pei County. His father Hui, courtesy name Sengsheng, served as acting administrator of Taiyuan and died. During Yong'an, after Rui had risen to power, Jiu was posthumously made General Who Pacifies the East and governor of Qi Province, and Hui was posthumously made Bearer of the Staff, General Who Conquers, and governor of Heng Province.
3
瑞長厚質直，敬愛人士。 孝昌末，尒朱榮引為其府戶曹參軍，又為大行臺郎中，甚為榮所親任。 建義初，除黃門侍郎，仍中書舍人。 榮恐朝廷事意有所不知，故居之門下，為腹心之寄。 錄前後勳，封陽邑縣開國公，食邑一千戶。 未幾，又除散騎常侍、安南將軍，黃門如故。 丁父憂，去官。 詔起復任，除青州大中正。 及元顥內逼，瑞啟勸北幸，乃從駕於河陽，除侍中、征南將軍、兼吏部尚書，改封北海郡開國公，增邑一千戶。 莊帝還洛，加衞將軍、左光祿大夫，又改封樂陵郡開國公，仍侍中，瑞雖為尒朱榮所委，而善處朝廷之間，莊帝亦賞遇之，曾謂侍臣曰：「為人臣當須忠實，至如朱元龍者，朕待之亦不異餘人。」
Rui was generous, sincere, and upright, and he respected and cared for men of worth. At the end of the Xiaochang era, Erzhu Rong brought him onto his staff as registrar of the household and then as gentleman of the grand forward office; Rong trusted and relied on him greatly. At the start of Jianyi, he was appointed gentleman at the Yellow Gate and concurrently palace secretary. Fearing he might not know the court's intentions, Rong kept Rui at his gate as a trusted confidant. For his accumulated merit he was enfeoffed as Duke of Yangyi County with a fief of one thousand households. Soon he was also appointed regular attendant and General Who Pacifies the South, while retaining his Yellow Gate post. When his father died he left office to mourn. An edict recalled him to service and appointed him chief rectifier of Qing Province. When Yuan Hao pressed inward, Rui memorialized urging a northern flight; he accompanied the imperial carriage to Heyang and was appointed palace attendant, General Who Campaigns South, and concurrent minister of the Ministry of Personnel, with his title changed to Duke of Beihai Commandery and his fief increased by one thousand households. When Emperor Zhuang returned to Luoyang, Rui was promoted to General of the Guard and Left Grand Master of Splendid Happiness, then his title was changed again to Duke of Leling Commandery while he remained palace attendant. Though entrusted by Erzhu Rong, Rui navigated court relations well, and Emperor Zhuang favored him as well. He once told his attendants, "A minister must be loyal and sincere; as with Zhu Yuanlong, I treat him no differently from anyone else."
4
瑞啟乞三從之內並屬滄州樂陵郡，詔許之，仍轉滄州大中正。 瑞始以青州樂陵有朱氏，意欲歸之，故求為青州中正； 又以滄州樂陵亦有朱氏，而心好河北，遂乞移屬焉。 尋加車騎將軍。
Rui memorialized asking that all kin within three collateral degrees be registered under Leling Commandery in Cang Province; the edict granted this, and he was transferred to chief rectifier of Cang Province. At first, because there was a Zhu clan in Leling, Qing Province, Rui wished to join them and therefore sought appointment as chief rectifier of Qing Province; then, because Leling in Cang Province also had a Zhu clan and his heart favored Hebei, he asked to be transferred there instead. Soon he was further promoted to General of Chariots and Cavalry.
5
尒朱榮死，瑞與世隆俱北走。 既而以莊帝待之素厚，且見世隆等並無雄才，終當敗喪，於路乃還。 帝大悅，執其手曰：「社稷忠臣，當須如此。」 尒朱天光擁眾關右，帝欲招納之，乃以瑞兼尚書左僕射為西道大行臺以慰勞焉。 既達長安，會尒朱兆入洛，復還京師。 都督斛斯椿先與瑞有隙，數譖之於世隆。 世隆性多忌，且以前日乖異，忿恨更甚，普泰元年七月，遂誅之，時年四十九。 太昌初，贈使持節、驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司、青州刺史，諡曰恭穆。
When Erzhu Rong died, Rui fled north together with Shilong. But because Emperor Zhuang had always treated him generously, and because he saw that Shilong and the others lacked heroic talent and would ultimately meet defeat, he turned back on the road. The emperor was greatly pleased, took his hand, and said, "A loyal minister of the state must act as you have." Erzhu Tianguang held a large force in the Guanzhong region; the emperor wished to win him over and therefore made Rui concurrent left vice director of the Masters of Writing and grand commissioner of the western route to console and reassure him. After reaching Chang'an, he encountered Erzhu Zhao entering Luoyang and returned again to the capital. The commander Hu Sichun had earlier been at odds with Rui and repeatedly slandered him to Shilong. Shilong was by nature much given to suspicion, and because of their earlier breach his resentment grew even stronger; in the seventh month of the first year of Putai he had Rui executed, at age forty-nine. At the beginning of Taichang he was posthumously enfeoffed as bearer of the staff, grand general of agile cavalry, grand commander with the same honors as the Three Excellencies, and governor of Qing Province, with the posthumous title Gongmu.
6
子孟胤，襲封。 齊受禪，例降。
His son Mengyin inherited the title. When Qi received the abdication, the title was reduced by precedent.
7
瑞弟珍，字多寶。 太尉、上黨王天穆錄事參軍。 卒。
Rui's younger brother Zhen, courtesy name Duobao. He served as recorder to the Grand Commandant, Prince of Shangdang Tianmu. He died.
8
珍弟騰，字神龍。 建義初，為龍驤將軍、大都督司馬。 又封涇陽縣開國男，食邑二百戶。 累遷中軍將軍、光祿大夫。 與瑞同遇害。 太昌初，贈滄州刺史。
Zhen's younger brother Teng, courtesy name Shenlong. At the start of Jianyi he was made General of Dragon Cavalry and chief of staff to the grand commander. He was also enfeoffed as Baron of Jingyang County with a fief of two hundred households. Through successive promotions he rose to General of the Central Army and Grand Master of Splendid Happiness. He was killed together with Rui. At the beginning of Taichang he was posthumously enfeoffed as governor of Cang Province.
9
騰弟慶賓，卒於光祿大夫。
Teng's younger brother Qingbin died while serving as Grand Master of Splendid Happiness.
10
子清，武定末，齊王開府中兵參軍。
His son Qing, at the end of Wuding, was middle army aide in the Prince of Qi's command.
11
叱列延慶，代西部人也，世為酋帥。 曾祖鍮石，世祖末從駕至瓜步，賜爵臨江伯。 父億彌，襲祖爵，高祖時越騎校尉。
Chilie Yanqing was a man of the western part of Dai; for generations his family had been tribal chiefs. His great-grandfather Toushi, at the end of Emperor Shizu's reign, accompanied the imperial carriage to Guabu and was granted the title Baron of Linjiang. His father Yimi inherited his grandfather's title and, in Emperor Gaozu's time, served as Colonel of Flying Cavalry.
12
延慶少便弓馬，有膽力。 正光末，除直後，隸大都督李崇北伐。 後隨尒朱榮入洛，仍從榮討葛榮於相州。 延慶，世隆姊壻也，榮親遇之。 葛榮既擒，除使持節、撫軍將軍、光祿大夫、假鎮東將軍、都督、西部第一領民酋長，封永寧縣開國伯，食邑五百戶。 永安二年，以本將軍除恒州刺史。 普泰初，世隆得志，特見委重，遷散騎常侍、車騎將軍、儀同三司，又進驃騎大將軍、開府，餘如故。 尋除都督恒雲燕朔四州諸軍事、大都督、兼尚書左僕射、山東行臺，北海郡開國公，邑五百戶。
From youth Yanqing was skilled with bow and horse and had courage and strength. At the end of Zhenguang he was appointed attendant-in-waiting and placed under Grand Commander Li Chong for the northern campaign. Later he followed Erzhu Rong into Luoyang and still followed Rong to campaign against Ge Rong at Xiang Province. Yanqing was Shilong's sister's husband, and Rong treated him with special favor. After Ge Rong was captured, Yanqing was appointed bearer of the staff, General Who Pacifies the Army, Grand Master of Splendid Happiness, acting General Who Garrisons the East, commander, chief of the first western tribal regiment, and enfeoffed as Baron of Yongning County with a fief of five hundred households. In the second year of Yong'an he was appointed governor of Heng Province with his existing rank. At the beginning of Putai, when Shilong gained his aims, Yanqing was especially entrusted; he was promoted to regular attendant, General of Chariots and Cavalry, and equal in honor to the Three Excellencies, then further to grand general of agile cavalry and grand commander, with the rest unchanged. Soon he was appointed commander-in-chief over the military affairs of the four provinces of Heng, Yun, Yan, and Shuo, grand commander, concurrent left vice director of the Masters of Writing, commissioner of the eastern mountain route, and Duke of Beihai Commandery with a fief of five hundred households.
13
時幽州刺史劉靈助以莊帝幽崩，遂舉兵唱義，諸州豪右咸相結附。 靈助進屯於定州之安固，世隆白前廢帝，以延慶與大都督侯淵於定州相會，以討靈助。 淵謂延慶曰：「靈助善於卜占，百姓信惑，所在響應，未易可圖，若萬一戰有利鈍，則大事去矣。 未若還師西入，據關拒險，以待其變。」 延慶曰：「劉靈助，庸人也。 天道深遠，豈其所識。 大兵一臨，彼皆恃其妖術，坐看符厭，寧肯戮力致死，與吾爭勝負哉。 如吾計者，政欲出營城外，詭言西歸，靈助聞之，必信而自寬，潛軍往襲，可一往而擒。」 淵從之，乃出頓城西，聲云將還。 簡精騎一千夜發，詰朝造靈助壘，戰於城北，遂破擒之。 仍兼尚書左僕射，為恒、雲、燕、朔四州行臺。 又除使持節、侍中、都督恒雲燕朔定五州諸軍事、定州刺史，餘如故。
At that time Liu Lingzhu, governor of You Province, because Emperor Zhuang had died in You, raised troops in righteous rebellion, and powerful men of the provinces all joined him. Lingzhu advanced and encamped at Angu in Ding Province; Shilong reported to the deposed emperor and sent Yanqing together with Grand Commander Hou Yuan to meet at Ding Province to campaign against Lingzhu. Hou Yuan said to Yanqing, "Lingzhu is skilled at divination; the people believe and are confused, and everywhere they respond to him. He is not easy to take. If by any chance the battle goes well or badly, the great enterprise will be lost. Better to withdraw the army westward, enter the passes, hold the defiles, and wait for changes." Yanqing said, "Liu Lingzhu is a mediocre man. The Way of Heaven is profound and far; how could he understand it? When our great army arrives, they will all rely on their sorceries, sit watching talismans and curses—would they rather exert themselves to the death and contend with us for victory? As I plan it, we should simply leave camp outside the walls and falsely announce a withdrawal westward; when Lingzhu hears it he will surely believe and relax, and if we secretly send troops to strike we can capture him in one move." Yuan agreed; they then went out and encamped west of the city, proclaiming that they would return. They selected one thousand elite horsemen and set out by night; at dawn they reached Lingzhu's camp, fought north of the city, and broke his force and captured him. He was still made concurrent left vice director of the Masters of Writing and commissioner of the route for the four provinces of Heng, Yun, Yan, and Shuo. He was further appointed bearer of the staff, palace attendant, commander-in-chief over the military affairs of the five provinces of Heng, Yun, Yan, Shuo, and Ding, and governor of Ding Province, with the rest unchanged.
14
與尒朱兆等拒義旗於韓陵，戰敗，延慶與尒朱仲遠走渡石濟。 仲遠南竄，延慶北降齊獻武王。 王與之入洛，仍從王於并州。 後赴洛，出帝以為中軍大都督。 延慶既尒朱親昵，又黨於權佞，出帝之西，齊獻武王入洛。 以罪誅之。
Together with Erzhu Zhao and the others he resisted the righteous banner at Hanling, was defeated, and Yanqing fled with Erzhu Zhongyuan, crossing the Shiji ford. Zhongyuan fled south; Yanqing surrendered north to King Xianwu of Qi. The king entered Luoyang with him and still had him follow to Bing Province. Later he went to Luoyang, and the Deposed Emperor made him grand commander of the central army. Yanqing was both close to the Erzhu and allied with powerful sycophants; when the Deposed Emperor went west, King Xianwu of Qi entered Luoyang. He was executed for his crimes.
15
延慶兄子平，武定末，儀同三司、右衞將軍、廮陶縣開國侯。
Yanqing's elder brother's son Ping, at the end of Wuding, held the rank of equal in honor to the Three Excellencies, General of the Right Guard, and Marquis of Yingtao County.
16
斛斯椿，字法壽，廣牧富昌人也。 父敦，肅宗時為左牧令。 時河西賊起，牧民不安，椿乃將家投尒朱榮，榮以椿兼其都督府鎧曹參軍。 從榮征伐有功，表授厲威將軍。 稍遷中散大夫，署外兵事。 椿性佞巧，甚得榮心，軍之密謀，頗亦關預。
Hu Sichun, courtesy name Fashou, was a native of Fuchang in Guangmu. His father Dun, in Emperor Suzong's time, was director of the left pasturage. When bandits rose in the Hexi region and the herding peoples were unsettled, Chun led his family to join Erzhu Rong, and Rong made Chun concurrently registrar of armor in his commandery staff. Following Rong on campaigns he had merit, and by memorial he was appointed General of Awesome Prestige. He was gradually promoted to palace gentleman and was charged with external military affairs. Chun was by nature sycophantic and crafty and greatly won Rong's heart; he also participated extensively in the army's secret plans.
17
及肅宗崩，椿從榮入洛。 莊帝初，封陽曲縣開國公，食邑千戶，遷散騎常侍、平北將軍司馬，尋除尒朱榮大將軍府司馬。 從平葛榮，以功除上黨太守。 及元顥入洛，椿隨榮奉迎莊帝，遂從攻顥。 顥敗，遷安北將軍、建州刺史，改封深澤縣，轉鎮東將軍、徐州刺史，又轉征東將軍、東徐州刺史。
When Emperor Suzong died, Chun followed Rong into Luoyang. At the beginning of Emperor Zhuang's reign he was enfeoffed as Duke of Yangqu County with a fief of one thousand households, promoted to regular attendant and chief of staff to the General Who Pacifies the North, and soon appointed chief of staff in Erzhu Rong's grand general's headquarters. Following the pacification of Ge Rong, for merit he was appointed administrator of Shangdang. When Yuan Hao entered Luoyang, Chun followed Rong to welcome Emperor Zhuang and then joined the attack on Hao. When Hao was defeated, Chun was transferred to General Who Pacifies the North and governor of Jian Province, his title changed to Duke of Shenze County, then to General Who Garrisons the East and governor of Xu Province, and again to General Who Campaigns East and governor of Eastern Xu Province.
18
及尒朱榮死，椿甚憂懼。 時蕭衍以汝南王悅為魏主，資其士馬，次於境上。 椿聞大喜，遂率所部棄州歸悅，悅授椿使持節、侍中、大將軍、領軍將軍、領左右、尚書左僕射、司空公，封靈丘郡開國公，邑萬戶，又為大行臺前驅都督。 會尒朱兆入洛，椿復率所部背悅歸兆。
When Erzhu Rong died, Chun was greatly fearful. At that time Xiao Yan set up the Prince of Runan, Yue, as ruler of Wei, supplied him with troops and horses, and halted on the border. Chun heard this with great joy, then led his command, abandoning his province, to join Yue; Yue enfeoffed Chun as bearer of the staff, palace attendant, grand general, general of the garrison army, director of the left and right, left vice director of the Masters of Writing, duke of works, and Duke of Lingqiu Commandery with a fief of ten thousand households, and also made him vanguard commander of the grand forward office. When Erzhu Zhao entered Luoyang, Chun again led his command, turning against Yue, to join Zhao.
19
尒朱世隆之立前廢帝也，椿參其謀，以定策功，拜侍中、驃騎大將軍、儀同三司、京畿北面大都督，改封城陽郡開國公，增邑五百戶，并前一千五百戶，尋加開府。 時椿父敦先在秀容，忽有傳敦死問，請減己階以贈之，自襄威將軍超贈車騎將軍、[1]恒州刺史。 尋知其父猶在，詔復椿官，仍除其父為車騎將軍、揚州刺史。 世隆之厚椿也如此。
When Erzhu Shilong enthroned the deposed emperor, Chun took part in the plot; for his merit in settling the succession he was appointed palace attendant, grand general of agile cavalry, equal in honor to the Three Excellencies, grand commander of the northern capital region, with his title changed to Duke of Chengyang Commandery and his fief increased by five hundred households to one thousand five hundred in all, and soon given the grand commander's seal. At that time Chun's father Dun was still at Xiurong when suddenly there came word that Dun had died; Chun asked to reduce his own rank to posthumously enfeoff him, promoting him from General of Awesome Prestige beyond precedent to General of Chariots and Cavalry,[1] and governor of Heng Province. Soon it was learned that his father was still alive; an edict restored Chun's offices and also appointed his father General of Chariots and Cavalry and governor of Yang Province. Such was the favor Shilong showed Chun.
20
椿與尒朱度律、仲遠等北拒齊獻武王，次陽平。 會尒朱兆與度律等相疑遁還，語在兆傳。 椿後復與度律等同拒義旗，敗於韓陵。 椿謂都督賈顯智等曰：「若不先執尒朱，我等死無類矣。」 遂與顯智等夜於桑下盟約，倍道兼行。 椿入北中城，收尒朱部曲盡殺之，令長孫稚、賈顯智等率數百騎襲尒朱世隆、彥伯兄弟，斬於閶闔門外。 椿入洛，懸世隆兄弟首於其門樹。 椿父出見，謂椿曰：「汝與尒朱約為兄弟，今何忍懸其頭於家門，寧不愧負天地乎！」 椿乃傳世隆等首，并囚度律、天光，送於齊獻武王。 出帝拜椿侍中、儀同開府。
Chun, together with Erzhu Dulu, Zhongyuan, and the others, went north to resist King Xianwu of Qi and halted at Yangping. When Erzhu Zhao and Dulu and the others grew suspicious of one another and withdrew, the account is given in Zhao's biography. Later Chun again joined Dulu and the others in resisting the righteous banner and was defeated at Hanling. Chun said to the commander Jia Xianzhi and the others, "If we do not seize the Erzhu first, we shall die without remnant." Thereupon he and Xianzhi and the others made a pact by night under a mulberry tree and pressed forward at double speed. Chun entered Beizhong Fortress, gathered the Erzhu retainers and killed them all, and ordered Zhangsun Zhi, Jia Xianzhi, and the others to lead several hundred horsemen in a surprise attack on Erzhu Shilong and the Yanbo brothers, beheading them outside the Changhe Gate. Chun entered Luoyang and hung the heads of Shilong and his brothers on the trees at his gate. Chun's father came out to see him and said to Chun, "You swore brotherhood with the Erzhu—how can you bear to hang their heads at the family gate? Are you not ashamed before Heaven and Earth?" Chun then sent on the heads of Shilong and the others, and also imprisoned Dulu and Tianguang and sent them to King Xianwu of Qi. The Deposed Emperor enfeoffed Chun as palace attendant and grand commander with the same honors as the Three Excellencies.
21
初，獻武王之入洛，頓於邙山，尒朱仲遠帳下都督橋寧、張子期自滑臺而至。 獻武王責寧等曰：「汝事仲遠，擅其榮利，盟契百重，許同生死。 前仲遠自徐為逆，汝為戎首，今仲遠南走，汝復背之。 於臣節則不忠，論事人則無信。 犬馬尚識恩養，汝今犬馬之不如！」 遂斬之。 椿自以數為反覆，見寧等之死，意常不安。 遂密構間，勸出帝置閤內都督部曲，又增武直人數，自直閤已下員別數百，皆選天下輕剽者以充之。 又說帝數出遊幸，號令部曲，別為行陳，椿自約勒，指麾其間。 從此以後，軍謀朝政，一決於椿。 又勸帝徵兵，詭稱南討，將以伐齊獻武王，帝從之。 遂陳兵城西，北接邙山，南至洛水，帝詰旦戎服與椿臨閱焉。 獻武王以椿亂政，欲誅之。 椿譖說既行，因此遂相恐動。 出帝勒兵河橋，令椿為前軍，營於邙山北。 尋遣椿率步騎數千鎮虎牢。 椿弟豫州刺史元壽與都督賈顯智守滑臺，獻武王令相州刺史竇泰擊破之。 椿懼己不免，復啟出帝，假說遊聲以劫脅。 帝信之，遂入關，椿亦西走長安。 椿狡猾多事，好亂樂禍，干時敗國，朝野莫不讎疾之。 元壽尋為部下所殺。
Earlier, when King Xianwu entered Luoyang, he halted at Mount Mang; the commanders Qiao Ning and Zhang Ziqi under Erzhu Zhongyuan came from Huatai. King Xianwu rebuked Ning and the others, saying, "You served Zhongyuan, monopolized his honors and profits, swore oaths a hundredfold, and promised to live and die together. Earlier Zhongyuan rebelled from Xu and you were the ringleader; now Zhongyuan flees south and you turn against him again. As ministers you are disloyal; as men who deal with others you are faithless. Even dogs and horses know gratitude for kindness—today you are worse than dogs and horses!" He then had them beheaded. Chun, having repeatedly switched sides, was constantly uneasy upon seeing the deaths of Ning and the others. He then secretly sowed discord, urging the Deposed Emperor to establish commanders' retainers within the palace, and also increased the number of martial guards; from attendants-in-waiting downward he appointed several hundred men, all chosen from the most reckless men in the realm. He also persuaded the emperor to go out frequently on tours, giving orders to his retainers and arranging them in separate formations, with Chun himself restraining and directing them. From this time forward, military plans and court policy were decided entirely by Chun. He also urged the emperor to levy troops, falsely claiming a southern campaign in order to attack King Xianwu of Qi, and the emperor agreed. They then arrayed troops west of the city, north to Mount Mang and south to the Luo River; at dawn the emperor put on armor and reviewed them with Chun. King Xianwu, because Chun was disrupting government, wished to execute him. Chun's slander and persuasion had already taken effect, and therefore mutual alarm and agitation followed. The Deposed Emperor mustered troops at Heqiao Bridge and made Chun vanguard, encamping north of Mount Mang. Soon he sent Chun to lead several thousand infantry and cavalry to garrison Hulao. Chun's younger brother Yuanshou, governor of Yu Province, and the commander Jia Xianzhi defended Huatai; King Xianwu ordered Dou Tai, governor of Xiang Province, to defeat them. Chun, fearing he could not escape, again memorialized the Deposed Emperor, using false reports of enemy movements to coerce him. The emperor believed him, then entered the passes, and Chun also fled west to Chang'an. Chun was cunning and meddlesome, delighted in chaos and calamity, ruined the times and brought down the state; court and countryside alike hated him. Yuanshou was soon killed by his subordinates.
22
賈顯度，中山無極人。 父道監，沃野鎮長史。 顯度形貌偉壯，有志氣。 初為別將，防守薄骨律鎮。 正光末，北鎮擾亂，為賊攻圍。 顯度拒守多時，以賊勢轉熾，不可久立，乃率鎮民浮河而下。 既達秀容，為尒朱榮所留。 尋表授直閤將軍、左中郎將。
Jia Xiandu was a native of Wuji in Zhongshan. His father Daojian was chief clerk of Woye Garrison. Xiandu was imposing in stature and had ambition and spirit. At first he was a separate commander defending Boguli Garrison. At the end of Zhenguang the northern garrisons were in turmoil and he was besieged by bandits. Xiandu held out for a long time, but as the bandits' strength grew and he could not stand long, he led the garrison people downriver by boat. After reaching Xiurong he was detained by Erzhu Rong. Soon by memorial he was appointed General of the Direct Gate and Left Commandant.
23
建義初，除汲郡太守，假平東將軍。 隨尒朱榮破葛榮，又除撫軍將軍、光祿大夫、都督，封石艾縣開國公，邑一千戶。 從上黨王天穆破邢杲。 值元顥入洛，仍與天穆渡河赴行宮於河內。 顥平，以本將軍除廣州刺史、假鎮南將軍，轉南兗州刺史。 尒朱榮之死也，顯度情不自安，南奔蕭衍，衍厚待之。
At the start of Jianyi he was appointed administrator of Ji Commandery and acting General Who Pacifies the East. Following Erzhu Rong in defeating Ge Rong, he was further appointed General Who Pacifies the Army, Grand Master of Splendid Happiness, and commander, and enfeoffed as Duke of Shi'ai County with a fief of one thousand households. He followed Prince of Shangdang Tianmu in defeating Xing Gao. When Yuan Hao entered Luoyang, he still crossed the river with Tianmu to attend the temporary palace at Henei. When Hao was pacified, with his existing rank he was appointed governor of Guang Province and acting General Who Garrisons the South, then transferred to governor of Southern Yan Province. When Erzhu Rong died, Xiandu could not rest easy and fled south to Xiao Yan, who treated him generously.
24
普泰初，還朝，授衞大將軍、儀同三司、左光祿大夫，又行濟州事。 復隨尒朱度律等北拒義旗，敗於韓陵，與斛斯椿及弟顯智等率眾先據河橋，誅尒朱氏。 出帝初，除尚書左僕射，尋加驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司、定州大中正。 未幾，以本官行徐州刺史、東道大行臺。 永熙三年五月，轉雍州刺史、西道大行臺。 歿於關中。
At the beginning of Putai he returned to court and was appointed Grand General of the Guard, equal in honor to the Three Excellencies, and Left Grand Master of Splendid Happiness, and also acted as governor of Ji Province. He again followed Erzhu Dulu and the others north to resist the righteous banner, was defeated at Hanling, and together with Hu Sichun and his younger brother Xianzhi and the others led troops to seize Heqiao Bridge first and execute the Erzhu clan. At the beginning of the Deposed Emperor's reign he was appointed left vice director of the Masters of Writing, and soon further made grand general of agile cavalry, grand commander with the same honors as the Three Excellencies, and chief rectifier of Ding Province. Before long, retaining his existing rank, he acted as governor of Xu Province and grand commissioner of the eastern route. In the fifth month of the third year of Yongxi he was transferred to governor of Yong Province and grand commissioner of the western route. He died in the Guanzhong region.
25
弟智，字顯智，少有膽決。 孝昌中，告毛謐等逆，靈太后嘉之，除伏波將軍、冗從僕射，領直齋。
His younger brother Zhi, courtesy name Xianzhi, from youth had courage and decisiveness. In the Xiaochang era he reported the treason of Mao Mi and the others; Empress Dowager Ling praised this and appointed him General Who Quells the Waves, supernumerary master of attendants, and director of the direct guard.
26
蕭衍將夏侯夔攻郢州，以智為龍驤將軍、別將討之。 至則夔退，智仍入城。 及刺史元顯達以城降於蕭衍，[2]智勒城人不欲叛者與顯達交戰，相率歸闕，後為都督，隸太宰、上黨王天穆征邢杲，臨陳流矢中胸，仍戰不已。 元顥入洛，仍隨天穆渡河，朝莊帝於河內。 與尒朱兆同先渡河破顥軍，以勳除持節、征南將軍、金紫光祿大夫，封義陽縣開國伯，邑五百戶。 假衞將軍，與行臺樊子鵠討呂文欣於東徐州，平之。 加侍中、驃騎大將軍，增邑三百戶。 尋行東中郎將，加散騎常侍。
When Xiao Yan's general Xiahou Kui attacked Ying Province, Zhi was made General of Dragon Cavalry and a separate commander to campaign against him. When he arrived Kui withdrew, and Zhi still entered the city. When the governor Yuan Xianda surrendered the city to Xiao Yan,[2] Zhi urged those in the city who did not wish to rebel to fight Xianda, and they successively returned to court; later he was made commander and placed under the Grand Preceptor, Prince of Shangdang Tianmu, in the campaign against Xing Gao; in battle a stray arrow struck his chest, yet he continued fighting. When Yuan Hao entered Luoyang, he still followed Tianmu across the river and attended Emperor Zhuang at Henei. Together with Erzhu Zhao he was first to cross the river and break Hao's army; for merit he was appointed bearer of the staff, General Who Campaigns South, and Grand Master of Golden Splendor and Purple Radiance, and enfeoffed as Baron of Yiyang County with a fief of five hundred households. Acting General of the Guard, together with Commissioner Fan Zihu he campaigned against Lü Wenxin in Eastern Xu Province and pacified him. He was further made palace attendant and grand general of agile cavalry, with his fief increased by three hundred households. Soon he acted as eastern commandant and was further made regular attendant.
27
及尒朱仲遠為徐州刺史，智隸仲遠，赴彭城。 尒朱榮之死也，仲遠舉兵向洛，智不從之，遂擁部下出清水東，招勒州民，與相拒擊。 莊帝聞而善之，除右光祿大夫、武衞將軍，進爵為侯，增邑二百戶，通前一千，因鎮徐州。
When Erzhu Zhongyuan became governor of Xu Province, Zhi was placed under Zhongyuan and went to Pengcheng. When Erzhu Rong died, Zhongyuan raised troops toward Luoyang; Zhi would not follow and therefore led his subordinates east of the Qingshui River, rallying the people of the province to resist and strike him. Emperor Zhuang heard of this and approved; Zhi was appointed Right Grand Master of Splendid Happiness and General of Martial Guard, promoted to marquis with his fief increased by two hundred households to one thousand in all, and thus garrisoned Xu Province.
28
普泰初，還洛。 仲遠忿其乖背，議欲殺之。 智兄顯度先為世隆所厚，世隆為解喻得全。 時趙脩延起逆荊州，[3]蕭衍遣兵接援，世隆欲令智以功自効，遣智討之，除使持節、散騎常侍、車騎大將軍、左光祿大夫、假驃騎大將軍、荊州大都督，進爵為公。 將發，會荊州斬送脩延首，不行。
At the beginning of Putai he returned to Luoyang. Zhongyuan resented his defection and discussed killing him. Zhi's elder brother Xiandu had earlier been favored by Shilong, and Shilong explained and persuaded so that he was spared. At that time Zhao Xiuyan rebelled in Jing Province;[3] Xiao Yan sent troops to support him; Shilong wished Zhi to redeem himself by merit and sent him to campaign against Xiuyan, appointing him bearer of the staff, regular attendant, General of Chariots and Cavalry, Left Grand Master of Splendid Happiness, acting grand general of agile cavalry, and grand commander of Jing Province, and promoting him to duke. Just as he was about to set out, Jing Province sent Xiuyan's head and he did not go.
29
又從尒朱度律北拒義旗，合尒朱兆於陽平。 兆與度律自相疑阻，退還。 除驃騎大將軍。 後隨度律等敗於韓陵，智與兄顯度、斛斯椿謀誅尒朱氏。 椿、顯度據守北中，令智等入京，擒世隆兄弟。
He again followed Erzhu Dulu north to resist the righteous banner and joined Erzhu Zhao at Yangping. Zhao and Dulu grew suspicious of each other and withdrew. He was appointed grand general of agile cavalry. Later, following Dulu and the others, he was defeated at Hanling; Zhi plotted with his elder brother Xiandu and Hu Sichun to execute the Erzhu clan. Chun and Xiandu held Beizhong Fortress while ordering Zhi and the others to enter the capital and capture the Shilong brothers.
30
出帝初，除散騎常侍、本將軍、開府儀同三司、滄州刺史。 在州貪縱，甚為民害，出帝徵還京師。 尋加授侍中，以本將軍除濟州刺史。 率眾達東郡，仍停不進，於長壽津為相州刺史竇泰所破，還洛。 天平初，赴晉陽。 智去就多端，後坐事死，時年四十五。
At the beginning of the Deposed Emperor's reign he was appointed regular attendant, with his existing rank, grand commander with the same honors as the Three Excellencies, and governor of Cang Province. In the province he was greedy and unrestrained and greatly harmed the people; the Deposed Emperor summoned him back to the capital. Soon he was further made palace attendant and, with his existing rank, appointed governor of Ji Province. He led troops to Dong Commandery but halted and did not advance; at Changshou Ford he was defeated by Dou Tai, governor of Xiang Province, and returned to Luoyang. At the beginning of Tianping he went to Jinyang. Zhi shifted sides repeatedly; later he was executed for an offense, at age forty-five.
31
子羅侯，祕書郎。
His son Luohou was a secretary gentleman.
32
樊子鵠，代郡平城人。 其先荊州蠻酋，被遷於代。 父興，平城鎮長史，歸義侯。 普泰中，子鵠貴顯，乃贈征虜將軍、荊州刺史。
Fan Zihu was a native of Pingcheng in Dai Commandery. His forebears were tribal chiefs of Jing Province who were relocated to Dai. His father Xing was chief clerk of Pingcheng Garrison and Marquis of Guyi. In Putai, when Zihu rose to prominence, Xing was posthumously enfeoffed as General Who Conquers the Barbarians and governor of Jing Province.
33
子鵠值北鎮擾亂，南至并州，尒朱榮引為都督府倉曹參軍。 孝昌三年冬，榮使子鵠詣京師。 靈太后見之，問榮兵勢，子鵠應對稱旨，太后嘉之。 除直齋，封南和縣開國子，邑三百戶，令還赴榮。 榮以為行臺郎中，行上黨郡。 及榮向洛，以為假節、假平南將軍、都督河東正平軍事、行唐州事。 刺史崔元珍閉門拒守，子鵠攻克之。
When the northern garrisons were in turmoil, Zihu went south to Bing Province; Erzhu Rong brought him in as registrar of the granary in the commandery staff. In the winter of the third year of Xiaochang, Rong sent Zihu to the capital. Empress Dowager Ling received him and asked about Rong's military strength; Zihu answered to her satisfaction and the empress dowager praised him. He was appointed to the direct guard, enfeoffed as viscount of Nanhe County with a fief of three hundred households, and ordered to return to Rong. Rong made him gentleman of the forward office and acting administrator of Shangdang Commandery. When Rong marched on Luoyang, Zihu was made acting bearer of the staff, acting General Who Pacifies the South, commander of the military affairs of Hedong and Zhengping, and acting administrator of Tang Province. The governor Cui Yuanzhen closed the gates and resisted; Zihu captured the city.
34
建義初，拜平北將軍、晉州刺史，封永安縣開國伯，食邑千戶，又兼尚書行臺。 治有威信，山胡率服。 元顥入洛，薛脩義及降蜀陳雙熾等受顥處分，率眾攻州城。 子鵠出與戰，大破之，又破脩義等於土門。 以功拜撫軍將軍。 尋徵授都官尚書、西荊州大中正。 後兼右僕射，為行臺，督賈智等討呂文欣於東徐州，平之。 還，除車騎將軍、左光祿大夫，進封南陽郡開國公，增戶六百，尚書如故，仍假驃騎大將軍，率所部為都督。 時尒朱榮在晉陽，京師之事，子鵠頗預委寄，故在臺閣，征官不解。 後出除散騎常侍、本將軍、殷州刺史。 屬歲旱儉，子鵠恐民流亡，乃勒有粟之家分貸貧者，并遣人牛易力，多種二麥，州內以此獲安。
At the start of Jianyi he was appointed General Who Pacifies the North and governor of Jin Province, enfeoffed as baron of Yong'an County with a fief of one thousand households, and also made concurrent commissioner of the Masters of Writing. His governance had authority and trust, and the mountain tribes submitted. When Yuan Hao entered Luoyang, Xue Xiuyi and the surrendered Shu Chen Shuangchi and others, acting under Hao's orders, led troops to attack the provincial capital. Zihu went out to fight, routed them greatly, and again defeated Xiuyi and the others at Tumen. For merit he was appointed General Who Pacifies the Army. Soon he was summoned and appointed minister of justice and chief rectifier of Western Jing Province. Later he was made concurrent right vice director and commissioner, supervising Jia Zhi and the others in campaigning against Lü Wenxin in Eastern Xu Province, and pacified him. On his return he was appointed General of Chariots and Cavalry and Left Grand Master of Splendid Happiness, promoted to Duke of Nanyang Commandery with six hundred additional households, retaining his ministerial post, and still made acting grand general of agile cavalry, leading his command as commander. At that time Erzhu Rong was at Jinyang; in the affairs of the capital Zihu was much entrusted, and therefore while at court his summons to office was not released. Later he was sent out and appointed regular attendant, with his existing rank, and governor of Yin Province. There was drought and famine that year; Zihu feared the people would flee, and therefore ordered households with grain to lend to the poor, also sending men and oxen to exchange labor and planting much winter wheat, so that within the province peace was thereby secured.
35
及尒朱榮之死，世隆等遣書招子鵠，欲與同趣京師，子鵠不從。 以母在晉陽，啟求移鎮河南。 莊帝嘉之，除車騎大將軍、豫州刺史、假驃騎大將軍、都督二豫郢三州諸軍事、兼尚書右僕射、二豫郢潁四州行臺。 子鵠到相州，又敕賚絹五百匹。 行達汲郡，聞尒朱兆入洛，乃渡河見仲遠，仲遠遣鎮汲郡。 兆徵子鵠赴洛，既見，責以乖異之意，奪其部眾，將還晉陽。 及紇豆陵步藩起，以子鵠為都督，徵發糧仗。 元曄以為侍中、御史中尉、中軍大都督，隨曄向洛。 普泰初，仍除舊任。 及趙脩延叛於荊州，詔子鵠通三鵶道而還。 遭母憂去職，前廢帝聞其在洛無宅，凶費不周，賚絹四百匹、粟五百石，以本官起之。
When Erzhu Rong died, Shilong and the others sent letters summoning Zihu, wishing to go together to the capital; Zihu would not follow. Because his mother was at Jinyang, he memorialized asking to transfer his garrison south of the Yellow River. Emperor Zhuang approved; Zihu was appointed General of Chariots and Cavalry, governor of Yu Province, acting grand general of agile cavalry, commander-in-chief over the military affairs of the two Yu, Ying, and three provinces, concurrent right vice director of the Masters of Writing, and commissioner of the route for the four provinces of the two Yu, Ying, and Ying. When Zihu reached Xiang Province, an edict also bestowed five hundred bolts of silk. When he reached Ji Commandery on the road he heard that Erzhu Zhao had entered Luoyang; he then crossed the river to see Zhongyuan, and Zhongyuan sent him to garrison Ji Commandery. Zhao summoned Zihu to Luoyang; after meeting him he rebuked him for disloyalty, stripped him of his troops, and was about to return to Jinyang. When Gedouling Bufan rose in rebellion, Zihu was made commander to levy grain and weapons. Yuan Ye made him palace attendant, imperial censor, and grand commander of the central army, and he followed Ye toward Luoyang. At the beginning of Putai he was still appointed to his former post. When Zhao Xiuyan rebelled in Jing Province, an edict ordered Zihu to return by the Three E'ya Road. Upon entering mourning for his mother he left office; the deposed emperor heard he had no house in Luoyang and insufficient funds for the funeral, and bestowed four hundred bolts of silk and five hundred shi of grain, recalling him to his former post.
36
太昌初，兼尚書左僕射、東南道大行臺，總大都督杜德等追討尒朱仲遠。 仲遠已奔蕭衍，收其兵馬甲仗。 時蕭衍遣元樹入寇，陷據譙城。 詔子鵠與德討之。 樹屯兵梁國，欲來逆戰，見子鵠軍盛，夜退還譙。 子鵠引兵追躡，樹又背城為陳。 子鵠勒兵直趣城下，縱騎衝突，樹眾大敗，奔入城門，城門隘塞，多自殺害。 於是斬千餘級，獲馬數百匹，大收鎧仗，遂圍城。 加儀同三司。 樹勒兵出戰，輒被摧衄，遂不敢出，自守而已。 子鵠恐蕭衍遣救，乃分兵擊衍苞州、然州、宕州、大澗、蒙縣等五城，並望風逃散。 樹既無外援，計無所出，子鵠又令人說之，樹遂請率眾歸南，以地還國。 子鵠等許之，共結盟約。 及樹眾半出，子鵠中擊，破之，擒樹及衍譙州刺史朱文開，俘馘甚多。 班師，出帝賚馬匹。 遷吏部尚書，轉尚書右僕射。 尋加驃騎大將軍、開府，典選。
At the beginning of Taichang he was made concurrent left vice director of the Masters of Writing and grand commissioner of the southeastern route, commanding Grand Commander Du De and the others in pursuing Erzhu Zhongyuan. Zhongyuan had already fled to Xiao Yan; they collected his troops, horses, armor, and weapons. At that time Xiao Yan sent Yuan Shu to invade, who captured and held Qiao city. An edict ordered Zihu and De to campaign against him. Shu encamped at Liang State and wished to come out and meet them in battle, but seeing Zihu's army was strong he withdrew by night to Qiao. Zihu led troops in pursuit; Shu again formed battle lines with his back to the city. Zihu drove his troops straight to the foot of the wall and unleashed cavalry in charge; Shu's force was routed greatly, fled into the gate, and the gate was jammed so that many killed themselves. Thereupon more than a thousand were beheaded, several hundred horses were captured, much armor and weapons were collected, and they then besieged the city. He was further made equal in honor to the Three Excellencies. Shu led troops out to fight but was repeatedly crushed and then dared not come out, merely holding the city. Zihu feared Xiao Yan would send relief and therefore divided troops to attack Yan's five cities of Bao, Ran, Dang, Dajian, and Meng, all of which fled at the news. Shu, having no external aid and no plan left, was again persuaded by men Zihu sent; Shu then asked to lead his people south and return the territory to the state. Zihu and the others agreed and together made a covenant. When half of Shu's force had come out, Zihu struck them in the middle, broke them, and captured Shu and Yan's governor of Qiao Province Zhu Wenkai, taking many captives and heads. On returning from the campaign the Deposed Emperor bestowed horses. He was transferred to minister of the Ministry of Personnel and then to right vice director of the Masters of Writing. Soon he was further made grand general of agile cavalry and grand commander, and supervised appointments.
37
初，青州人耿翔聚眾反，亡奔蕭衍，衍資其兵，偷據膠州。 除子鵠使持節、侍中、青膠大使，督濟州刺史蔡雋討之。 師達青州，翔拔城奔走。 在軍遇病，詔遣醫給藥。 仍除兗州刺史，餘官如故，便道之州。 子鵠先遣腹心緣歷民間，採察得失。 及入境，太山太守彭穆參候失儀，子鵠責讓穆，并數其罪狀，穆皆引伏，於是州內震悚。
Earlier, Geng Xiang of Qing Province gathered a crowd in rebellion, fled to Xiao Yan, and Yan supplied him with troops; he stealthily seized Jiao Province. Zihu was appointed bearer of the staff, palace attendant, and commissioner for Qing and Jiao, supervising Cai Jun, governor of Ji Province, to campaign against him. When the army reached Qing Province, Xiang abandoned the city and fled. While in the army he fell ill; an edict sent physicians with medicine. He was still appointed governor of Yan Province, with the rest unchanged, and went directly to the province. Zihu first sent trusted men to travel through the countryside investigating gains and losses. When he entered the province, the administrator of Mount Tai, Peng Mu, paid his respects with improper ceremony; Zihu rebuked Mu and enumerated his offenses, and Mu confessed to all, whereupon the province was shaken with fear.
38
及出帝入關，子鵠據城為逆。 南青州刺史大野拔、徐州人劉粹各率眾就子鵠。 天平初，遣儀同三司婁昭等率眾討之。 子鵠先使前膠州刺史嚴思達鎮東平郡，昭攻陷之，仍引兵圍子鵠。 城久不拔，昭以水灌城。 靜帝欲招慰下之，遣散騎常侍陸琛、兼黃門郎張景徵齎璽書勞子鵠，而大野拔因與相見，左右斬子鵠以降。
When the Deposed Emperor entered the passes, Zihu held the city in rebellion. Daye Ba, governor of Southern Qing Province, and Liu Cui of Xu Province each led troops to join Zihu. At the beginning of Tianping troops were sent under Lou Zhao and others to campaign against him. Zihu first sent the former governor of Jiao Province Yan Sida to garrison Dongping Commandery; Zhao captured it and then led troops to besiege Zihu. The city long could not be taken; Zhao flooded it with water. Emperor Jing wished to win him over and sent Regular Attendant Lu Chen and concurrent gentleman at the Yellow Gate Zhang Jingzheng bearing the imperial seal to console Zihu, but Daye Ba took advantage of the meeting and his attendants beheaded Zihu to surrender.
39
賀拔勝，字破胡，神武尖山人。 祖爾逗，選充北防，家於武川。 以窺覘蠕蠕，兼有戰功，顯祖賜爵龍城男，為本鎮軍主。 父度拔，襲爵。 正光末，沃野人破落汗拔陵聚眾反，度拔與三子、鄉中豪勇援懷朔鎮，殺賊王衞可瓌。 度拔尋為賊所害，孝昌中，追贈安遠將軍、肆州刺史。
He Basheng, courtesy name Pohu, was a native of Shenwu Jianshan. His grandfather Erdou was selected for northern frontier defense and settled his family at Wuchuan. For reconnoitering the Rouran and also having battle merit, Emperor Xianzu granted him the title Baron of Longcheng and made him garrison commander of the local fort. His father Dubo inherited the title. At the end of Zhenguang the Woye man Poluohan Baling gathered a crowd in rebellion; Dubo, with his three sons and bold men of the district, went to relieve Huaishuo Garrison and killed the bandit king Wei Ke'gui. Dubo was soon killed by bandits; in the Xiaochang era he was posthumously enfeoffed as General of Pacifying the Distance and governor of Si Province.
40
度拔之死也，勝與兄弟俱奔恒州刺史廣陽王淵。 勝便弓馬，有武幹，淵厚待之，表為強弩將軍，充帳內軍主。 恒州陷，歸尒朱榮，轉積射將軍，為別將，又兼都督。 及榮入洛，以預義之勳，封易陽縣開國伯，邑四百戶，除直閤將軍，尋加通直散騎常侍、平南將軍、光祿大夫，進號安南將軍。 尋除撫軍將軍，為大都督，出井陘，鎮中山。 元顥入洛，勝從東路率騎三百赴行宮於河梁。 榮命勝與尒朱兆先渡，破擒顥息冠受及顥大都督陳思保。 莊帝還宮，以功增邑六百戶，復加通直散騎常侍、征北將軍、金紫光祿大夫、武衞將軍，改封真定縣開國公。 尋除衞將軍，加散騎常侍。
When Dubo died, Sheng fled with his brothers to Prince of Guangyang Yuan, governor of Heng Province. Sheng was skilled with bow and horse and had martial talent; Yuan treated him generously, memorialized him as General of Strong Crossbows, and made him commander of the inner guard. When Heng Province fell he joined Erzhu Rong, was transferred to General of Accumulated Shots, made a separate commander, and also made commander. When Rong entered Luoyang, for participating in the righteous enterprise he was enfeoffed as Baron of Yiyang County with a fief of four hundred households, appointed General of the Direct Gate, and soon further made unqualified regular attendant, General Who Pacifies the South, and Grand Master of Splendid Happiness, with his title advanced to General Who Pacifies the South. Soon he was appointed General Who Pacifies the Army, made grand commander, went out through Jingxing Pass, and garrisoned Zhongshan. When Yuan Hao entered Luoyang, Sheng took the eastern route and led three hundred horsemen to the temporary palace at Heqiao. Rong ordered Sheng and Erzhu Zhao to cross first, broke Hao's force, and captured Hao's son Guanshou and Hao's grand commander Chen Sibao. When Emperor Zhuang returned to the palace, for merit his fief was increased by six hundred households; he was again made unqualified regular attendant, General Who Campaigns North, Grand Master of Golden Splendor and Purple Radiance, and General of Martial Guard, with his title changed to Duke of Zhending County. Soon he was appointed General of the Guard and further made regular attendant.
41
尒朱榮之死也，勝與田怙等奔走榮第。 於時宮殿之門未加嚴防，怙等議即攻門。 勝止之曰：「天子既行大事，必當更有奇謀，吾等眾旅不多，何可輕爾，但得出城，更為他計。」 怙乃止。 及世隆夜走，勝遂不從，莊帝甚嘉之。 仲遠逼東郡，詔勝以本官假驃騎大將軍為東征都督，率眾會鄭先護以討之。 為先護所疑，置之營外，人馬未得休息。 俄而仲遠兵至，勝與交戰不利，乃降之。
When Erzhu Rong died, Sheng ran with Tian Hu and the others to Rong's residence. At that time the palace gates were not yet strictly guarded; Hu and the others discussed attacking the gates at once. Sheng stopped them, saying, "The Son of Heaven has already undertaken a great act; there must be some further stratagem. Our force is not large—how can we act rashly? We need only get out of the city and devise another plan." Hu then stopped. When Shilong fled by night, Sheng would not follow; Emperor Zhuang greatly approved. Zhongyuan pressed Dong Commandery; an edict made Sheng, with his existing rank, acting grand general of agile cavalry and eastern campaign commander, leading troops to join Zheng Xianhu in campaigning against him. Xianhu suspected him and placed him outside the camp; men and horses got no rest. Soon Zhongyuan's troops arrived; Sheng fought unfavorably and then surrendered to him.
42
普泰初，除右衞將軍，進號車騎大將軍、右光祿大夫、儀同三司。 共尒朱仲遠、度律北拒義旗，相與奔退。 事在尒朱兆傳。 後俱敗於韓陵，勝因降齊獻武王。 太昌初，拜領軍將軍，餘官如故，又除侍中。 出帝既納斛斯椿等讒間之說，將謀齊獻武王，以勝弟岳擁眾關西，仍欲廣為勢援，除勝使持節、侍中、都督三荊二郢南襄南雍七州諸軍事、驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司、荊州刺史。
At the beginning of Putai he was appointed General of the Right Guard, with his title advanced to General of Chariots and Cavalry, Right Grand Master of Splendid Happiness, and equal in honor to the Three Excellencies. Together with Erzhu Zhongyuan and Dulu he went north to resist the righteous banner and fled together. The account is given in Erzhu Zhao's biography. Later they were all defeated at Hanling, and Sheng therefore surrendered to King Xianwu of Qi. At the beginning of Taichang he was appointed General of the Garrison Army, with the rest unchanged, and also made palace attendant. The Deposed Emperor, having accepted the slander and discord of Hu Sichun and the others, planned against King Xianwu of Qi; because Sheng's younger brother He Bayue held troops in the Guanzhong region and he still wished to broaden his support, Sheng was appointed bearer of the staff, palace attendant, commander-in-chief over the military affairs of the seven provinces of the three Jing, two Ying, Southern Xiang, and Southern Yong, grand general of agile cavalry, grand commander with the same honors as the Three Excellencies, and governor of Jing Province.
43
勝將圖襄陽，攻蕭衍下迮戍，克之，擒其戍主尹道玩、戍副庫峩。 又使人誘動蠻王問道期，道期率種起義。 衍雍州刺史蕭續遣軍擊道期，為道期所敗，漢南大駭。 勝又遣軍攻均口，擒衍將莊思延，又攻馮翊、安定、沔陽、酇陽城，並平之。 [4]續遣將柳仲禮於穀城拒守，勝攻之不克，乃班師。 沔北盪為丘墟矣。 衍書敕續云：「賀拔勝北間驍將，汝宜慎之，勿與爭鋒。」 其見憚如此。 進爵琅邪郡公。
Sheng planned to take Xiangyang, attacked Xiao Yan's lower Zha garrison, captured it, and seized its garrison commander Yin Daowan and deputy Ku E. He also sent men to entice and stir up the tribal king Wendaoqi, and Wendaoqi led his people in righteous uprising. Yan's governor of Yong Province, Xiao Xu, sent troops to attack Wendaoqi and was defeated by Wendaoqi; south of the Han there was great alarm. Sheng again sent troops to attack Junkou, captured Yan's general Zhuang Siyan, and also attacked the cities of Fengyi, Anding, Mianyang, and Zunyang, pacifying them all. [4] Xu sent the general Liu Zhongli to hold Gucheng in defense; Sheng attacked but could not take it and then withdrew. North of the Mian was laid waste to ruin. Yan wrote instructing Xu, saying, "He Basheng is a fierce general of the northern lands; you should be cautious and not contend with him." Such was the fear he inspired. He was promoted to Duke of Langye Commandery.
44
出帝末，詔勝統眾北赴京師。 軍次汝水，出帝入關。 勝率所部欲從武關趣長安。 行至析陽，聞齊獻武王平潼關，擒毛鴻賓，勝懼，復走荊州，城人閉門不納。 時獻武王已遣行臺侯景、大都督高敖曹討之，勝戰敗，為流矢所中，乃率左右五百餘騎奔蕭衍。 明年，從間道投寶炬。 勝好行小數，志大膽薄，周章南北，終無所成，致歿於賊中。
At the end of the Deposed Emperor's reign an edict ordered Sheng to command troops north to the capital. The army halted at the Ru River; the Deposed Emperor entered the passes. Sheng led his command wishing to go from Wuguan Pass toward Chang'an. When he reached Xiyang he heard that King Xianwu of Qi had pacified Tong Pass and captured Mao Hongbin; Sheng was afraid and fled again to Jing Province, but the city people closed the gates and would not admit him. At that time King Xianwu had already sent Commissioner Hou Jing and Grand Commander Gao Aocao to campaign against him; Sheng was defeated in battle, struck by a stray arrow, and then led more than five hundred horsemen of his personal guard to flee to Xiao Yan. The next year he went by a hidden route to join Bao Ju. Sheng liked petty stratagems, had great ambition but little courage, wavered between north and south, ultimately achieved nothing, and ended dying among the enemy.
45
勝兄可泥，永熙中，太尉公，封燕郡王。
Sheng's elder brother Kerni, in the Yongxi era, was Duke of Grand Commandant and enfeoffed as Prince of Yan Commandery.
46
勝弟岳，字阿斗泥。 初為太學生，長以弓馬為事。 與父兄赴援懷朔，賊王衞可瓌在城西二百餘步，岳乘城射之，箭中瓌臂，賊眾大駭。 後歸恒州，廣陽王淵以為帳內軍主，表為強弩將軍。 州陷，投尒朱榮，榮以為別將，進為都督。
Sheng's younger brother Yue, courtesy name Adouni. At first he was a student at the Imperial Academy; as he grew he devoted himself to bow and horse. Going with his father and elder brothers to relieve Huaishuo, the bandit king Wei Ke'gui was more than two hundred paces west of the city; Yue mounted the wall and shot him, the arrow striking Ke'gui's arm, and the bandit force was greatly alarmed. Later he returned to Heng Province; Prince of Guangyang Yuan made him commander of the inner guard and memorialized him as General of Strong Crossbows. When the province fell he joined Erzhu Rong; Rong made him a separate commander and promoted him to commander.
47
永安初，除安北將軍、光祿大夫、武衞將軍，賜爵樊城鄉男。 坐事失官爵，二年，詔並復之。 尋除使持節、假衞將軍、西道都督，隸尒朱天光為左廂大都督，討万俟醜奴。 天光先知岳，喜得同行，每事論訪。 尋加衞將軍、假車騎將軍，餘如故。 岳屆長安，榮遣兵續至。 [5]時万俟醜奴遣其大行臺尉遲菩薩向武功，南渡渭水，攻圍趣柵。 天光遣岳率騎一千馳往赴救，菩薩攻柵已克，還向岐州。 岳以輕騎八百北渡渭水擒賊，令殺掠其民，以挑菩薩。 菩薩果率步騎二萬餘人至渭水北。 岳以輕騎數十與菩薩隔水交言，岳稱揚國威，菩薩自言強盛，往復數返。 菩薩乃自驕，令省事傳語。 岳怒曰：「我與菩薩言，卿是何人，與我對語！」 省事恃水，應答不遜。 岳舉弓射之，應弦而倒。 時已逼暮，於此各還。 岳密於渭南傍水分置精騎，四十、五十以為一所，隨地形便，駱驛置之。 明日，自將百餘騎，隔水與賊相見，並且東行。 岳漸前進，先所置騎隨岳而集。 [6]騎既漸增，賊不復測其多少。 行二十里許，便至淺可濟，岳便馳馬東出，以示奔遁。 賊謂岳走，乃棄步兵，南渡渭水，輕騎追岳。 岳東行十餘里，依橫崗伏兵以待之。 賊以路險不得前進，前後繼至，半度崗東。 岳乃回戰，身先士卒，急擊之，賊便退走。 岳號令所部，賊下馬者皆不聽殺。 賊顧見之，便悉投馬。 俄而虜獲三千人，馬亦無遺。 遂渡渭北，降步兵萬餘，收其輜重。 其有土民，普皆勞遣。 醜奴尋棄岐州，北走安定。
At the beginning of Yong'an he was appointed General Who Pacifies the North, Grand Master of Splendid Happiness, and General of Martial Guard, and granted the title Viscount of Fancheng Township. For an offense he lost office and title; in the second year an edict restored both. Soon he was appointed bearer of the staff, acting General of the Guard, and commander of the western route, placed under Erzhu Tianguang as grand commander of the left wing to campaign against Wanqi Chounu. Tianguang had known Yue earlier and was pleased to travel together, consulting him on every matter. Soon he was further made General of the Guard and acting General of Chariots and Cavalry, with the rest unchanged. When Yue reached Chang'an, Rong sent troops to follow. [5] At that time Wanqi Chounu sent his grand forward commissioner Yuchi Pusa toward Wugong; he crossed the Wei River southward and besieged the Qu stockade. Tianguang sent Yue to lead one thousand horsemen in haste to the rescue; Pusa had already taken the stockade and was returning toward Qi Province. Yue with eight hundred light horsemen crossed the Wei River northward, captured bandits, and ordered them to kill and plunder the people to provoke Pusa. Pusa indeed led more than twenty thousand infantry and cavalry to the north bank of the Wei. Yue with several dozen light horsemen spoke with Pusa across the water; Yue proclaimed the state's might and Pusa proclaimed his own strength, back and forth several times. Pusa then grew arrogant himself and had a clerk transmit words. Yue angrily said, "I speak with Pusa—what kind of person are you to answer me!" The clerk, relying on the water, answered insolently. Yue drew his bow and shot him; he fell at the twang of the string. It was already near dusk; at this each side returned. Yue secretly placed elite horsemen in separate groups of forty or fifty along the branches of water south of Weinan, posting them at intervals according to the terrain. The next day he personally led more than a hundred horsemen, met the bandits across the water, and together moved eastward. Yue gradually advanced, and the horsemen he had posted earlier gathered as they followed Yue. [6] As the horsemen steadily increased, the bandits could no longer gauge their numbers. After traveling about twenty li they reached a shallow ford; Yue then galloped eastward, feigning flight. The bandits thought Yue was fleeing, abandoned their infantry, crossed the Wei River southward, and sent light cavalry in pursuit. Yue traveled east more than ten li, then along a transverse ridge laid an ambush to await them. The bandits, because the road was difficult, could not advance; those behind kept arriving until half had crossed east of the ridge. Yue then turned to fight, leading the soldiers in person and pressing the attack fiercely; the bandits retreated and fled. Yue ordered his command that any bandit who dismounted was not to be killed. The bandits, looking back and seeing this, all threw themselves from their horses. In a short time three thousand captives were taken and not a horse was left. They then crossed north of the Wei, received the surrender of more than ten thousand infantry, and collected their baggage train. As for the local people, all were consoled and sent away. Chounu soon abandoned Qi Province and fled north to Anding.
48
其後，破侯伏侯元進，降侯機長貴，擒醜奴、蕭寶夤、王慶雲、万俟道洛，走宿勤明達，事在尒朱天光傳。 天光雖為元帥，而岳功效居多。 加車騎將軍，增邑二千戶，進封樊城縣開國伯。 尋詔岳都督涇、北豳、二夏四州諸軍事，本將軍，涇州刺史，進爵為公，改封清水郡公。
Thereafter he defeated Houfu Hou Yuanjin, received the surrender of Houji Changgui, captured Chounu, Xiao Baoyin, Wang Qingyun, and Wanqi Daoluo, and drove off Suqin Mingda—the account is given in Erzhu Tianguang's biography. Although Tianguang was commander-in-chief, Yue's achievements were the greater part. He was promoted to General of Chariots and Cavalry, his fief increased by two thousand households, and he was advanced to Baron of Fancheng County. Soon an edict made Yue commander-in-chief over the military affairs of the four provinces of Jing, Northern Bin, and the two Xia, with his existing rank, governor of Jing Province, promoted to duke, with his title changed to Duke of Qingshui Commandery.
49
天光入洛，使岳行雍州事。 元曄立，除驃騎大將軍，增邑五百戶，餘如故。 普泰初，都督二岐東秦三州諸軍事、儀同三司、岐州刺史。 尋加侍中，給後部鼓吹，仍詔開府。 俄兼尚書左僕射、隴右行臺，仍停高平。 後以隴中猶有土民不順，岳助侯莫陳悅所在討平。 二年，加岳都督三雍、三秦、二岐、二華諸軍事，雍州刺史，關西行臺，餘如故。 及尒朱天光率眾赴洛，將抗齊獻武王，岳與侯莫陳悅下隴赴雍，以應義旗。
When Tianguang entered Luoyang, he had Yue act as governor of Yong Province. When Yuan Ye was enthroned, Yue was appointed grand general of agile cavalry with his fief increased by five hundred households, the rest unchanged. At the beginning of Putai he was commander-in-chief over the military affairs of the three provinces of the two Qi and Eastern Qin, equal in honor to the Three Excellencies, and governor of Qi Province. Soon he was further made palace attendant, given rear guard musical instruments, and still ordered to open a grand command. Shortly he was made concurrent left vice director of the Masters of Writing and commissioner of the Longyou route, still halting at Gaoping. Later, because there were still local people in Longzhong who were not compliant, Yue assisted Houmochen Yue in pacifying them wherever they were. In the second year Yue was further made commander-in-chief over the military affairs of the three Yong, three Qin, two Qi, and two Hua provinces, governor of Yong Province, and commissioner of the Guanzhong route, with the rest unchanged. When Erzhu Tianguang led troops to Luoyang to resist King Xianwu of Qi, Yue and Houmochen Yue descended from Longyou to Yong to respond to the righteous banner.
50
永熙初，仍開府、兼僕射、大行臺、雍州刺史，增邑千戶。 二年，詔岳都督雍、華、北華、東雍、二岐、豳、四梁、二益、巴、二夏、蔚、寧、南益、涇二十州諸軍事，大都督。 岳自詣北境，安置邊防，率部趣涇州平涼西界，布營數十里，使諸軍士田殖涇州。 身將壯勇，託以牧馬，於原州北招万俟受洛干等，并遠近州鎮聚結者。 靈州刺史曹泥身詣岳軍請代，岳以前洛州刺史元季海為州。 彼民不促，[7]擊破季海部下，獨聽季海。 〈闕〉 三年正月，岳召侯莫陳悅會於高平，將討之，令悅前驅，北趣靈州。 聞渴波隘中河水未解，將往趣之。
At the beginning of Yongxi he still held the grand command, was concurrent vice director, grand commissioner, and governor of Yong Province, with his fief increased by one thousand households. In the second year an edict made Yue grand commander over the military affairs of twenty provinces—Yong, Hua, Northern Hua, Eastern Yong, the two Qi, Bin, the four Liang, the two Yi, Ba, the two Xia, Yu, Ning, Southern Yi, and Jing. Yue personally went to the northern frontier, set the border defenses in order, led his command toward the western border of Pingliang in Jing Province, spread camps for several tens of li, and had the soldiers farm in Jing Province. He personally led the brave, under the pretext of herding horses, and north of Yuan Province recruited Wanqi Shouluogan and the others, together with those who gathered from near and distant provinces and garrisons. Cao Ni, governor of Ling Province, came in person to Yue's army to request replacement; Yue made the former governor of Luoluo Province Yuan Jihai governor. The people there did not follow,[7] broke Jihai's subordinates, and allowed only Jihai himself. 〈Lacuna〉 In the first month of the third year Yue summoned Houmochen Yue to meet at Gaoping, planning to campaign against him; he ordered Yue as vanguard to advance north toward Ling Province. Hearing that in Kebobo Pass the river ice had not yet broken, he was about to go there.
51
岳既總大眾，據制關右，憑強驕恣，有不臣之心。 齊獻武王惡其專擅，令悅圖之。 悅素服威略，既承密旨，便潛為計。 時岳遣悅先行，悅乃通夜東進，達明晦日，岳行軍前與悅相見。 悅誘岳入營，坐論兵事。 悅詐云腹痛，起而徐行，悅女夫元洪景抽刀斬岳。 後岳部下收岳尸葬於雍州北石安原。 六月，贈大將軍、太保、錄尚書事，都督、刺史、開國並如故。 侯莫陳悅，代郡人也。 父婆羅門，為駝牛都尉，故悅長於河西。 好田獵，便騎射。 會牧子逆亂，遂歸尒朱榮，榮引為都督府長流參軍，稍遷大都督。 莊帝初，除征西將軍、金紫光祿大夫，封栢人縣開國侯，邑五百戶。
Yue had already commanded the great host, controlled the Guanzhong region, relied on his strength and was arrogant and willful, and had the mind of a subject who would not serve. King Xianwu of Qi hated his arbitrary power and ordered Houmochen Yue to plot against him. Yue had always submitted to his martial prowess; having received the secret order, he secretly made plans. At that time He Bayue sent Houmochen Yue ahead; Houmochen Yue then marched east through the night and on the day when light and dark met, as He Bayue's army advanced he met Houmochen Yue. Houmochen Yue lured He Bayue into camp and sat discussing military affairs. Houmochen Yue feigned abdominal pain, rose and walked slowly; his son-in-law Yuan Hongjing drew a blade and beheaded He Bayue. Later He Bayue's subordinates collected his corpse and buried it at Shianyuan north of Yong Province. In the sixth month he was posthumously enfeoffed as grand general, grand mentor, and recorder of the affairs of the Masters of Writing, with his command, governorship, and ducal title unchanged. Houmochen Yue was a man of Dai Commandery. His father Boluomen was director of camel oxen, and therefore Yue grew up in the Hexi region. He loved hunting and was skilled at mounted archery. When the herding peoples rebelled he joined Erzhu Rong; Rong brought him in as chief clerk of the long stream in the commandery staff and gradually promoted him to grand commander. At the beginning of Emperor Zhuang's reign he was appointed General Who Campaigns West, Grand Master of Golden Splendor and Purple Radiance, and enfeoffed as Marquis of Bairen County with a fief of five hundred households.
52
尒朱天光之討關西，榮以悅為天光右廂大都督，本官如故。 西伐克獲，皆與天光、賀拔岳略同勞效。 以本將軍除鄯州刺史，餘如故。 尒朱榮死後，亦隨天光下隴。 元曄立，除車騎大將軍、渭州刺史，進爵為公，改封白水郡，增邑五百戶。 及天光向洛，使悅行華州事。 普泰中，除驃騎大將軍、儀同三司、秦州刺史。 天光之東出，將抗義旗，悅與岳下隴以應齊獻武王，至雍州，會尒朱覆敗。 永熙初，加開府、都督隴右諸軍事，仍秦州刺史。
When Erzhu Tianguang campaigned against Guanxi, Rong made Yue grand commander of Tianguang's right wing, with his existing rank unchanged. In the western campaign's captures and victories, his labor and merit were roughly the same as Tianguang's and He Bayue's. With his existing rank he was appointed governor of Shan Province, with the rest unchanged. After Erzhu Rong died he also followed Tianguang down from Longyou. When Yuan Ye was enthroned he was appointed General of Chariots and Cavalry and governor of Wei Province, promoted to duke, with his title changed to Duke of Baishui Commandery and his fief increased by five hundred households. When Tianguang went toward Luoyang he had Yue act as governor of Hua Province. In Putai he was appointed grand general of agile cavalry, equal in honor to the Three Excellencies, and governor of Qin Province. When Tianguang marched east to resist the righteous banner, Yue and He Bayue descended from Longyou to respond to King Xianwu of Qi; reaching Yong Province, they met the Erzhu clan's total defeat. At the beginning of Yongxi he was given the grand command and made commander-in-chief over the military affairs of Longyou, still governor of Qin Province.
53
永熙三年正月，岳召悅共討靈州。 悅誘岳斬之，岳左右奔散，悅遣人安慰云：「我別禀意旨，止在一人，諸君勿怖。」 眾皆畏服，無敢拒違。 悅心猶豫，不即撫納，乃還入隴，止水洛城。
In the first month of the third year of Yongxi He Bayue summoned Houmochen Yue to campaign jointly against Ling Province. Houmochen Yue lured He Bayue and beheaded him; He Bayue's attendants fled in all directions; Houmochen Yue sent men to console them, saying, "I received a separate order—only one man was the target; you need not fear." All were awed and submitted; none dared resist. Houmochen Yue's heart was hesitant and he did not immediately reassure and accept them; he returned into Longyou and halted at Shuilo city.
54
岳之所部，聚於平涼，規還圖悅，遣追夏州刺史宇文黑獺。 黑獺至，遂總岳部眾并家口入高平城，以自安固。 乃勒眾入隴征悅。 悅聞之，棄城，南據山水之險，設陳候戰。 黑獺至，遙望見悅，欲待明日決鬬。 悅先召南秦州刺史李景和，其夜，景和遣人詣黑獺，密許翻降。 至暮，景和乃勒其所部使上驢駝，云「儀同有教，欲還秦州，守以拒賊」，令軍人嚴備。 景和復紿悅帳下云：「儀同欲還秦州，汝等何不裝辦？」 眾謂為實，以次相驚，人情惶惑，不可復止，皆散走而趣秦州。 景和先驅至城，據門以慰輯之。
He Bayue's command gathered at Pingliang, planning to turn back and plot against Houmochen Yue; they sent to recall Xia Province governor Yuwen Heita. When Heita arrived he then took command of He Bayue's troops together with their families and entered Gaoping city to secure himself. He then drove the host into Longyou to campaign against Houmochen Yue. When Houmochen Yue heard this he abandoned the city, moved south to hold the peril of mountains and rivers, and set battle lines to await combat. When Heita arrived he saw Houmochen Yue from afar and wished to wait until the next day to decide the battle. Houmochen Yue first summoned Southern Qin Province governor Li Jinghe; that night Jinghe sent a man to Heita secretly promising to turn and surrender. At dusk Jinghe then drove his command to mount donkeys and camels, saying, "The Commissioner has orders to return to Qin Province and hold it against the bandits," and ordered the soldiers to arm themselves strictly. Jinghe again deceived Houmochen Yue's camp followers, saying, "The Commissioner wishes to return to Qin Province—why do you not prepare?" The crowd thought it was true; one after another they were alarmed; minds were confused and could no longer be stopped; all scattered and fled toward Qin Province. Jinghe went ahead to the city first, seized the gate, and consoled and gathered them.
55
悅部眾離散，猜畏傍人，不聽左右近己，與其二弟并兒及謀殺岳者八九人棄軍迸走。 數日之中，盤回往來，不知所趣。 左右勸向靈州，而悅不決，言下隴之後，恐有人所見。 乃於山中令從者悉步，自乘一騾，欲向靈州。 中路，追騎將及，望見之，遂縊死野中，弟、息、部下悉見擒殺，唯先謀殺岳者悅中兵參軍豆盧光走至靈州，後奔晉陽。 悅自殺岳後，神情恍惚，不復如常，恒言：「我僅睡即夢見岳語我『兄欲何處去』，隨我不相置。」 因此彌不自安，而致敗滅。
Houmochen Yue's command scattered; suspicious and fearful of those nearby, he would not allow attendants close to him; with his two younger brothers, his son, and the eight or nine men who had plotted He Bayue's murder he abandoned the army and fled. Within several days he wandered back and forth, not knowing where to go. Attendants urged him toward Ling Province, but Houmochen Yue could not decide, saying that after descending from Longyou he feared being seen by others. Then in the mountains he ordered all followers to walk on foot while he himself rode a single mule, intending to go to Ling Province. Midway, as pursuing horsemen were about to overtake him, they saw him from afar; he then hanged himself in the wild. His younger brother, son, and followers were all captured and killed; only Dou Luguang, Houmochen Yue's middle army aide who had first plotted He Bayue's murder, fled to Ling Province and later went to Jinyang. After Houmochen Yue killed He Bayue his spirit was confused and no longer as before; he constantly said, "When I barely sleep I dream that He Bayue says to me, 'Brother, where do you wish to go?'—he follows me and will not leave me." Because of this he was ever more ill at ease and met ruin and destruction.
56
侯淵，神武尖山人也。 機警有膽略。 肅宗末年，六鎮飢亂，淵隨杜洛周南寇。 後與妻兄念賢背洛周歸尒朱榮。 路中遇寇，身披苫褐，榮賜其衣帽，厚待之，以淵為中軍副都督。 常從征伐，屢有戰功。
Hou Yuan was a man of Shenwu Jianshan. He was alert and had courage and strategy. At the end of Emperor Suzong's reign the six garrisons suffered famine and disorder; Yuan followed Du Luozhou in raiding south. Later, together with his wife's elder brother Nianxian, he turned against Luozhou and joined Erzhu Rong. On the road they met bandits; he wore coarse hemp cloth; Rong gave him hat and clothes, treated him generously, and made Yuan deputy commander of the central army. He often followed on campaigns and repeatedly had battle merit.
57
及莊帝還宮，榮令淵進討韓樓，配卒甚少。 或以為言，榮曰：「侯淵臨機設變，是其所長，若總大眾，未必能用。 今擊此賊，故當不足定也。」 止給騎七百。 淵遂廣張軍聲，多設供具，親率數百騎，深入樓境，欲執行人以問虛實。 去薊百餘里，值賊帥陳周馬步萬餘，淵遂潛伏以乘其背，大破之，虜其卒五千餘人。 尋還其馬仗，縱令入城。 左右諫曰：「既獲賊眾，何為復資遣之也？」 淵曰：「我兵既少，不可力戰，事須為計以離隙之。」 淵度其已至，遂率騎夜集，昧旦，叩其城門。 韓樓果疑降卒為淵內應，遂遁走，追擒之。 以勳進爵為侯，增邑八百戶。 尋詔淵以本將軍為平州刺史、大都督，仍鎮范陽。
When Emperor Zhuang returned to the palace, Rong ordered Yuan to advance and campaign against Han Lou, assigning him very few troops. Some spoke of this; Rong said, "Hou Yuan adapts to circumstances and sets stratagems—that is his strength; if he commanded a great host he might not be able to use it. In attacking this bandit, therefore, he should be more than enough to settle the matter." He gave him only seven hundred horsemen. Yuan then greatly inflated his army's reputation, set out many supplies, personally led several hundred horsemen deep into Lou's territory, and wished to seize travelers to ask about conditions. More than a hundred li from Ji he encountered the bandit chief Chen Zhou with more than ten thousand infantry and cavalry; Yuan then lay in ambush and struck from behind, routing them greatly and capturing more than five thousand of his soldiers. Soon he returned their horses and weapons and released them to enter the city. Attendants remonstrated, saying, "Since we have captured the bandit force, why release and send them back?" Yuan said, "Our troops are few and we cannot fight by force; we must devise a plan to divide and estrange them." Yuan estimated they had already arrived, then led horsemen to assemble by night; at dawn he knocked on the city gate. Han Lou indeed suspected the surrendered soldiers were Yuan's agents within and fled; Yuan pursued and captured him. For merit he was promoted to marquis with his fief increased by eight hundred households. Soon an edict made Yuan, with his existing rank, governor of Ping Province and grand commander, still garrisoning Fanyang.
58
及尒朱榮之死也，范陽太守盧文偉誘淵出獵，閉門拒之。 淵率部曲屯於郡南，為榮舉哀，勒兵南向。 莊帝使東萊王貴平為大使，慰勞燕薊。 淵乃詐降，貴平信之，遂執貴平自隨。 進至中山，行臺僕射魏蘭根邀擊之，為淵所敗。 會元曄立，淵欲歸之。 常山太守甄楷屯據井陘，淵又擊破之。 曄乃授淵驃騎大將軍、儀同三司、定州刺史、左軍大都督、漁陽郡開國公，邑一千戶。 前廢帝立，仍加開府，餘如故。 幽州刺史劉靈助舉義兵，屯於安國城，淵與叱列延慶等破擒之。 後隨尒朱兆拒義旗於廣阿，兆既敗走，淵降齊獻武王，後從王破尒朱於韓陵。 永熙初，除齊州刺史，餘如故。
When Erzhu Rong died, the administrator of Fanyang Lu Wenwei lured Yuan out hunting and closed the gates to refuse him. Yuan led his retainers to encamp south of the commandery, held mourning for Rong, and drove his troops south. Emperor Zhuang sent Prince of Donglai Guiping as envoy to console and reassure Yan and Ji. Yuan then feigned surrender; Guiping believed him and was seized by Yuan and taken along. Advancing to Zhongshan, the forward office vice director Wei Langen intercepted him and was defeated by Yuan. When Yuan Ye was enthroned, Yuan wished to join him. The administrator of Changshan Zhen Kai held Jingxing Pass; Yuan again defeated him. Ye then enfeoffed Yuan as grand general of agile cavalry, equal in honor to the Three Excellencies, governor of Ding Province, grand commander of the left army, and Duke of Yuyang Commandery with a fief of one thousand households. When the deposed emperor was enthroned, Yuan was still given the grand command, with the rest unchanged. The governor of You Province Liu Lingzhu raised righteous troops and encamped at Anguo city; Yuan together with Chilie Yanqing and the others broke and captured him. Later he followed Erzhu Zhao in resisting the righteous banner at Guang'a; when Zhao was defeated and fled, Yuan surrendered to King Xianwu of Qi, and later followed the king in defeating the Erzhu at Hanling. At the beginning of Yongxi he was appointed governor of Qi Province, with the rest unchanged.
59
出帝末，淵與兗州刺史樊子鵠、青州刺史東萊王貴平密信往來，以相連結，又遣間使通誠於獻武王。 及出帝入關，復懷顧望。 汝陽王暹既除齊州刺史，次於城西，淵擁部據城，不時迎納。 民劉桃符等潛引暹入據西城，淵爭門不克，率騎出奔，妻兒部曲為暹所虜。 行達廣里，會承制以淵行青州事。 齊獻武王又遺淵書曰：「卿勿以部曲輕少，難於東邁。 齊人澆薄，唯利是從，齊州城民尚能迎汝陽王，青州之人豈不能開門待卿也。 但當勉之。」 淵乃復還，暹始歸其部曲。 而貴平自以斛斯椿黨，亦不受代。 淵進襲高陽郡，克之，置部曲家累於城中，身率輕騎遊掠於外。 貴平使其長子率眾攻高陽，南青州刺史茹懷朗遣兵助之。 時青州城人餽糧者首尾相繼。 淵親率騎夜趣青州，詐餽糧人曰：「臺軍已至，殺戮都盡，我是世子下人，今已走還城，汝何為復去也？」 人信其言，棄糧奔走。 比曉，復謂行人曰：「臺軍昨夜已至高陽，我是前鋒，今始到此，頗知侯公竟在何處？」 城人兇懼，遂執貴平出降。 淵自惟反覆，慮不獲安，遂斬貴平，傳首京師，欲明不同於斛斯椿也。
At the end of the Deposed Emperor's reign Yuan exchanged secret letters with Fan Zihu, governor of Yan Province, and Prince of Donglai Guiping, governor of Qing Province, to join together, and also sent secret envoys to communicate his loyalty to King Xianwu. When the Deposed Emperor entered the passes, Yuan again wavered and looked back. After Prince of Runan Xian was removed as governor of Qi Province and halted west of the city, Yuan held his command and seized the city, not promptly welcoming and admitting him. The commoner Liu Taofu and others secretly led Xian in to hold the western city; Yuan contested the gate but could not take it, led horsemen and fled, and his wife, children, and retainers were captured by Xian. On the road he reached Guangli; he happened to receive an interim appointment making Yuan acting governor of Qing Province. King Xianwu of Qi also sent Yuan a letter saying, "Do not think your command too small and light to march east. The people of Qi are fickle and follow profit; the city people of Qi Province were still able to welcome Prince of Runan—how could the people of Qing Province not open the gates and await you? You need only exert yourself." Yuan then returned; Xian at last returned his command. Guiping, considering himself an ally of Hu Sichun, also would not accept replacement. Yuan advanced and raided Gaoyang Commandery, captured it, placed his retainers' families in the city, and personally led light cavalry to raid and plunder outside. Guiping sent his eldest son to lead troops to attack Gaoyang; Ru Huailang, governor of Southern Qing Province, sent troops to assist. At that time the people of Qing Province bringing grain came one after another in an unbroken line. Yuan personally led horsemen by night toward Qing Province and deceived the grain-bearers, saying, "The imperial army has already arrived and slaughtered everyone; I am a man under the heir—now I have fled back to the city; why do you still go away?" The people believed his words, abandoned their grain, and fled. By dawn he again said to travelers, "The imperial army last night already reached Gaoyang; I am the vanguard and have only now arrived here—do you know where Lord Hou actually is?" The city people were terrified and seized Guiping to surrender. Yuan, reflecting on his own repeated shifts, feared he would not be secure and therefore beheaded Guiping, sent his head to the capital, wishing to show he was not like Hu Sichun.
60
及子鵠平，詔以封延之為青州刺史。 淵既不獲州任，情又恐懼，行達廣川，遂劫光州庫兵反。 遣騎詣平原，執前膠州刺史賈璐。 夜襲青州南郭，劫前廷尉卿崔光韶，以惑人情。 攻掠郡縣。 其部下督帥叛拒之，淵率騎奔蕭衍，途中亡散，行達南青州南境，為賣漿者斬之，傳首京師，家口配沒。
When Zihu was pacified, an edict made Feng Yanzhi governor of Qing Province. Yuan, not obtaining the provincial appointment and again fearful, reached Guangchuan on the road and then seized the Guang Province armory troops in rebellion. He sent horsemen to Pingyuan and seized the former governor of Jiao Province Jia Lu. By night he raided the southern ward of Qing Province and seized the former Minister of Justice Cui Guangshao to confuse popular sentiment. He attacked and plundered commanderies and counties. His subordinate commanders rebelled and resisted him; Yuan led horsemen and fled to Xiao Yan; on the road his force scattered and dissolved; reaching the southern border of Southern Qing Province he was beheaded by a syrup seller, his head sent to the capital, and his family enslaved.
61
史臣曰：朱瑞以背本向義，責不見原。 延慶黨舊違順，常刑所及。 斛斯椿姦佞為心，讒忒自口，取譬蒼蠅，交亂四國，投於豺虎，天實棄之。 賈智、侯淵反覆取斃。 破胡器小謀大，終於顛蹶。 子鵠迷機寡算，竟以殲殄。 岳負力無謀，制以一劍。 悅果行慮淺，死不旋足。 觀其亡滅，自取之也。
The historian says: Zhu Rui, for turning from his original allegiance toward righteousness, was blamed and not forgiven. Yanqing, as an old partisan, violated compliance and submission—the ordinary penalty reached him. Hu Sichun had treachery and sycophancy in his heart and slander and perversity on his tongue; like the fly, he stirred chaos in the four states; cast to the jackals and tigers, Heaven truly abandoned him. Jia Zhi and Hou Yuan, shifting sides repeatedly, met their deaths. Pohu had a small vessel but great designs and ultimately stumbled and fell. Zihu lost his way in opportunity and had little calculation, and in the end was destroyed. He Bayue relied on strength without strategy and was controlled by a single sword. Houmochen Yue was rash in action and shallow in planning; death came before he could turn his feet. Observing their ruin and extinction, they brought it on themselves.
62
校勘記
Collation notes
63
自襄威將軍超贈車騎將軍諸本「威」作「城」。 按卷一一三官氏志無「襄城將軍」，太和後品令從第六品有「襄威將軍」，「城」字乃「威」的形訛，今改正。
On the posthumous promotion from General of Awesome Prestige to General of Chariots and Cavalry: in various editions the cited text is written as the cited text. According to juan 113 of the Monograph on Clans and Surnames there is no "General of Xiangcheng"; in the rank orders after Taihe, the sixth rank from the bottom includes "General of Awesome Prestige"-the character the cited text is a graphic corruption of the cited text; it is corrected here.
64
及刺史元顯達以城降於蕭衍按梁書卷三九有元願達傳，即此人，梁書卷三高祖紀大通二年四月辛丑條、卷二八夏侯亶傳都作「願達」。 據梁書本傳，其人為樂平王丕後裔，今魏書卷一七已闕，後人所補，丕傳不載子孫。 梁書三處並作「願達」，疑「顯」字訛。
On the governor Yuan Xianda surrendering the city to Xiao Yan: according to Liang shu juan 39 there is a biography of Yuan Yuanda, who is this man; Liang shu juan 3, Annals of Emperor Gaozu, entry for the fourth month xinchou of the second year of Datong, and juan 28, biography of Xiahou Tan, all write "Yuanda". According to the main biography in Liang shu, this man was a descendant of Prince of Leping Pi; juan 17 of the present Book of Wei is missing and was supplemented by later men; Pi's biography does not record his descendants. The three places in Liang shu all write "Yuanda"; the character the cited text is probably corrupt.
65
時趙脩延起逆荊州諸本「延」作「巡」。 殿本考證云：「按本卷樊子鵠傳云：『趙脩延叛於荊州。』 又本書李琰之傳 〈卷八二〉 云：南陽太守趙脩延誣琰之規奔蕭衍，襲州城，仍自行州事。 城內人斬脩延。 則此與下文荊州斬送脩巡，皆訛『延』為『巡』也。」 按考證說是，卷一０莊帝紀末、卷一一前廢帝紀普泰元年五月記此事，都作「脩延」。 「巡」字訛，今改正。
On Zhao Xiuyan rising in rebellion in Jing Province: in various editions the cited text is written as the cited text. The Palace Edition textual commentary says: "According to the biography of Fan Zihu in this juan: 'Zhao Xiuyan rebelled in Jing Province. Also the biography of Li Yanzhi in this book 〈juan 82〉 says: the Administrator of Nanyang Zhao Xiuyan falsely accused Yanzhi of plotting to flee to Xiao Yan, attacked the provincial capital, and then himself acted as governor. The people within the city beheaded Xiuyan. Thus here and below, where Jing Province sends Xiuyan's head, both are errors writing the cited text as the cited text." According to the commentary this is correct; the end of juan 10, Annals of Emperor Zhuang, and juan 11, Annals of the Deposed Emperor, fifth month of the first year of Putai, all record this event as "Xiuyan". The character the cited text is corrupt; it is corrected here.
66
又攻馮翊安定沔陽酇陽城並平之冊府卷三六八 〈四三八二頁〉 「酇」下無「陽」字。 按周書卷一四賀拔勝傳、卷二九宇文虬傳並作「歐陽、酇城」。 通鑑卷一五六 〈四八三五頁〉 但有「酇城」，與冊府同。 隋書卷三一地理志下襄陽郡陰城縣下云：「西魏置酇城郡。」 西魏當因梁舊名。 歐陽，見本書卷五八楊播附楊侃傳，地在合肥，壽春間，或沔北別有此城。 「酇陽」不見紀載，這裏當衍「陽」字。 如周書不誤，則也可能是「歐陽、酇城」的倒脫。
On also attacking Fengyi, Anding, Mianyang, and Zunyang and pacifying them all: Cefu juan 368 〈page 4382〉 under the cited text there is no character the cited text. According to Zhou shu juan 14, biography of He Basheng, and juan 29, biography of Yuwen Kui, both write "Ouyang and Zuo city". Zizhi tongjian juan 156 〈page 4835〉 has only "Zuo city", the same as Cefu. Sui shu juan 31, Geography Monograph, under Yincheng County in Xiangyang Commandery, says: "Western Wei established Zuo city Commandery." Western Wei presumably followed the Liang old name. Ouyang appears in juan 58 of this book, biography of Yang Bo with appended biography of Yang Kan; the place is near Hefei, between Shouchun—perhaps north of the Mian there was another such city. "Zunyang" is not found in records; here the character the cited text is probably an interpolation. If Zhou shu is not in error, it may also be an inversion and omission of "Ouyang and Zuo city".
67
岳屆長安榮遣兵續至諸本「兵」作「岳」。 按既云「岳屆長安」，又云「遣岳續至」，語不可通。 卷七五尒朱天光傳稱「榮復遣軍士二千人以赴」，即指此事。 這裏「岳」乃「兵」之訛，今改正。
When Yue reached Chang'an, Rong sent troops to follow: in various editions the cited text is written as the cited text. Since it already says "Yue reached Chang'an" and then says "sent Yue to follow", the language cannot cohere. Juan 75, biography of Erzhu Tianguang, says "Rong again sent two thousand soldiers to go to his aid"—this refers to that event. Here the cited text is a corruption of the cited text; it is corrected here.
68
先所置騎隨岳而集諸本「騎」上有「驛」字，周書卷一四、北史卷四九賀拔岳傳、通典卷一五四引退設伏取之條無。 按「驛」字乃涉上文「駱驛置之」語而衍，今據刪。
The horsemen posted earlier gathered as they followed Yue: in various editions above the cited text there is the character the cited text; Zhou shu juan 14, Beishi juan 49, biography of He Bayue, and Tongdian juan 154 citing the passage on setting an ambush in retreat do not have it. The character the cited text is an interpolation from the phrase "posted at intervals" above; it is deleted here on that evidence.
69
彼民不促按「促」字不可解，疑是「從」之訛。
The people there did not follow: the character the cited text cannot be explained; it is probably a corruption of the cited text.