1
宋子貞
Song Zizhen
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宋子貞，字周臣，潞州長子人也。 性敏悟好學，工詞賦。 弱冠，領薦書試禮部，與族兄知柔同補太學生，俱有名於時，人以大小宋稱之。 金末，潞州亂，子貞走趙、魏間。 宋將彭義斌守大名，辟為安撫司計議官。 義斌歿，子貞率眾歸東平行台嚴實。 實素聞其名，招置幕府，用為詳議官，兼提舉學校。 先是，實每令人請事於朝，托近侍奏決，不經中書，因與丞相耶律楚材有違言。 子貞至，勸實緻禮丞相，通殷勤，凡奏請，必先諮禀。 丞相喜，自是交歡無間，實因此益委信子貞。 太宗四年，實戍黃陵，金人悉力來攻。 與戰不利，敵勢頗張，曹、濮以南皆震。 有自敵中逃歸者，言金兵且大至，人情恟懼。 子貞請於實，斬揚言者首以令諸城，境內乃安。 汴梁既下，饑民北徙，餓殍盈道。 子貞多方賑救，全活者萬餘人。 金士之流寓者，悉引見周給，且薦用之。 拔名儒張特立、劉肅、李昶輩於羈旅，與之同列。 四方之士聞風而至，故東平一時人材多於他鎮。
Song Zizhen, whose style name was Zhouchen, came from Changzi in Luzhou. Naturally quick-witted and devoted to study, he excelled at regulated verse and fu. In his early twenties he earned a recommendation and sat for the Ministry of Rites examination; he and his cousin Zhirou both entered the Imperial College and were celebrated in their day—people spoke of the Greater and Lesser Song. When the Jin dynasty was collapsing, Luzhou fell into chaos, and Zizhen took refuge in the Zhao and Wei region. The Song general Peng Yibin, who held Daming, appointed him planning officer of the Pacification Commission. After Yibin died, Zizhen led his men to submit to Yan Shi of the Eastern Pacification Command. Shi had long known his reputation, brought him into his staff as a detailed deliberation officer, and also charged him with promoting schools. Before this, Shi would often send men to petition the court and have matters decided through close attendants without routing them through the Secretariat, which put him at odds with Chancellor Yelü Chucai. When Zizhen arrived, he urged Shi to send proper courtesy to the chancellor and maintain cordial contact; every memorial had to be submitted for prior consultation. The chancellor was delighted, and from then on they were on the closest terms; Shi consequently relied on Zizhen even more. In the fourth year of Emperor Taizong, Shi garrisoned Huangling, and the Jin army came against him with its full strength. The fighting went poorly, the enemy's power swelled, and the lands south of Cao and Pu were shaken. Men who had fled from the enemy reported that the Jin army would soon arrive in strength, and panic spread. Zizhen asked Shi to execute the alarmist as a warning to the cities, and the region was calmed. After Bianliang was taken, famine refugees streamed north, and the dead lay heaped along the roads. Zizhen organized relief on many fronts and kept more than ten thousand people alive. For Jin scholars adrift in exile he arranged audiences, supplied their needs, and recommended them for office. He drew eminent scholars such as Zhang Teli, Liu Su, and Li Chang from their wanderings and treated them as peers. Scholars from every quarter came at his reputation, and for a time Dongping gathered more talent than any other command.
3
七年，太宗命子貞為行台右司郎中。 中原略定，事多草創，行台所統五十餘城，州縣之官或擢自將校，或起由民伍，率昧於從政。 甚者專以掊克聚斂為能，官吏相與為貪私以病民。 子貞仿前代觀察採訪之制，命官分三道糾察官吏，立為程式，與為期會，黜貪墯，獎廉勤，官府始有紀綱，民得蘇息。 東平將校，佔民為部曲戶，謂之腳寨，擅其賦役，幾四百所。 子貞請罷歸州縣。 實初難之，子貞力言乃聽，人以為便。 實卒，子忠濟襲爵，尤敬子貞。 請於朝，授參議東平路事，兼提舉太常禮樂。 子貞作新廟學，延前進士康曄、王磐為教官，招致生徒幾百人，出粟贍之，俾習經藝。 每季程試，必親臨之。 齊魯儒風，為之一變。
In the seventh year, Emperor Taizong appointed Zizhen director of the right section of the Branch Secretariat. The Central Plain was largely pacified, yet institutions were still being improvised; the branch governed more than fifty cities, and prefectural and county officials were sometimes drawn from commanders or common soldiers, with little knowledge of administration. The worst made squeezing and hoarding their only skill, while officials colluded in private greed to afflict the people. Zizhen revived the former dynasties' touring inspection system, sent officers along three routes to investigate officials, set procedures and deadlines, dismissed the greedy and indolent, rewarded the upright and diligent—and government at last had order, and the people could recover. Dongping commanders had seized civilians as household retainer bands called "foot stockades," monopolizing their taxes and corvée—nearly four hundred of them. Zizhen petitioned to abolish them and return the people to prefectural and county control. Shi was reluctant at first, but after Zizhen pressed the point he agreed, and the people found it a great relief. When Shi died, his son Zhongji inherited the fief and treated Zizhen with particular respect. Zhongji petitioned the court to appoint him deliberator for Dongping Route affairs and superintendent of the Directorate of Imperial Sacrifices and Court Music. Zizhen built a new temple school, invited former jinshi degree-holders Kang Ye and Wang Pan as instructors, gathered nearly four hundred students, issued grain to support them, and had them study the classics. Each seasonal examination he attended in person. Confucian culture in Qi and Lu was transformed thereby.
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歲己未，世祖南伐，召子貞至濮，問以方略。 對曰：「本朝威武有餘，仁德未洽。 所以拒命者，特畏死爾，若投降者不殺，脅從者勿治，則宋之郡邑，可傳檄而定也。」 世祖善其言。 中統元年，授益都路宣撫使。 未幾，入覲，拜右三部尚書。 時新立省部，典章制度，多子貞裁定。 李璮叛，據濟南，詔子貞參議軍前行中書省事。 子貞單騎至濟南，觀璮形勢，因說丞相史天澤曰：「璮擁眾東來，坐守孤城，宜增築外城，防其奔突，彼糧盡援絕，不攻自破矣。」 議與天澤合，遂擒璮。 子貞還，上書陳便宜十事，大略謂：「官爵人主之柄，選法宜盡歸吏部。 律令國之紀綱，宜早刊定。 監司總統一路，用非其材，不厭人望，乞選公廉有才德者為之。 今州縣官相傳以世，非法賦斂，民窮無告，宜遷轉以革其弊。」 又請建國學教冑子，敕州郡提學課試諸生，三年一貢舉。 有旨命中書次第施行之。 至元二年，始罷州縣官世襲。 遣子貞與左丞相耶律鑄行山東，遷調所部官。 還，授翰林學士，參議中書省事。 奏請班俸祿，定職田，從之。 俄拜中書平章政事。 复陳時務之切要者十二策。 帝頗悔用子貞晚。
In the year jiwei, Kublai Khan marched south and summoned Zizhen to Pu to ask his strategy. He answered: "Our dynasty's martial prowess is more than enough, but benevolent rule has not yet won hearts everywhere. Those who resist do so only because they fear death; if you do not kill those who surrender and do not punish those who were compelled to follow, the Song prefectures and cities can be won by proclamation alone." The Khan approved his advice. In the first year of Zhongtong he was made Pacification Commissioner of Yidu Route. Before long he came to court and was appointed Minister of the Right Three Departments. The new Secretariat and ministries were then being established, and most regulations were settled by Zizhen. When Li Tan rebelled and held Jinan, the emperor ordered Zizhen to serve as deliberator on military affairs at the front Secretariat. Zizhen rode alone to Jinan, surveyed Tan's position, and told Chancellor Shi Tianze: "Tan has brought his host eastward yet sits in a lone city; we should build an outer wall to block his breakout—when his grain is exhausted and relief cut off, he will collapse without a fight. The plan matched Tianze's thinking, and Tan was captured." Zizhen returned and submitted ten practical recommendations, in summary: "Rank and office are the sovereign's prerogative; the selection process should be returned entirely to the Ministry of Personnel. Laws and ordinances are the state's backbone and should be promulgated without delay. Circuit overseers govern entire routes; when unfit men are appointed, public trust is betrayed—I beg that upright men of talent and virtue be chosen. Today prefectural and county offices pass from father to son, illegal levies ruin the people, and there is no redress—officials should be rotated to break this abuse." He also asked to establish a National University to educate the imperial sons, order prefectures and circuits to promote learning and examine students, and hold triennial tribute examinations. An edict directed the Secretariat to carry these out in order. In the second year of Zhiyuan, hereditary prefectural and county offices were finally abolished. Zizhen was dispatched with Left Chancellor Yelü Zhu to tour Shandong and reassign its officials. On his return he was made Hanlin Academician and deliberator of Secretariat affairs. He memorialized to institute graded salaries and assign official fields, and the throne approved. Soon afterward he was appointed Grand Councillor of the Secretariat. He again submitted twelve policies on urgent matters of state. The emperor regretted that he had not employed Zizhen sooner.
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未幾，以年老求退，帝曰：「卿氣力未衰，勉為朕留，措置大事，俟百司差有條理，聽卿自便。」 三年十一月，懇辭，乃得請。 特敕中書，凡有大事，即其家訪問。 子貞私居，每聞朝廷事不便，必封疏上奏，愛君憂國，不以進退異其心。 卒年八十一。 始病，家人進醫藥，卻之曰：「死生有命，吾年逾八十，何以藥為！」 病危，諸子請遺言，子貞曰：「吾平昔教汝者不少，今尚何言耶！」
Before long, pleading age, he sought to retire; the emperor said: "Your vigor is not yet spent—stay on for Us and manage great affairs; when the hundred offices are somewhat in order, We shall let you go as you wish. In the eleventh month of the third year he pressed his request earnestly and was granted leave." A special edict to the Secretariat directed that for any major affair they should seek his counsel at home. In retirement, whenever he heard that court policy was misguided he would seal a memorial; his devotion to the ruler and concern for the state did not waver with rank or withdrawal. He died at the age of eighty-one. When he first fell ill his family offered medicine; he refused it, saying: "Life and death are fated—I am past eighty; what use are drugs! As his condition worsened his sons asked for a final charge; Zizhen said: "I have taught you enough in ordinary times—what more is there to say!"
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子渤，字齊彥，有才名，官至集賢學士。
His son Bo, styled Qiyan, was known for talent and rose to Academician of the Hall of Collected Glories.
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==商挺==
Shang Ting
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商挺，字孟卿，曹州濟陰人。 其先本姓殷氏，避宋諱改焉。 父衡，僉陝西行省員外郎，以戰死。 挺年二十四，汴京破，北走，依冠氏趙天錫，與元好問、楊奐遊。 東平嚴實聘為諸子師。 實卒，子忠濟嗣，辟挺為經歷，出為曹州判官。 未幾，復為經歷，贊忠濟興學養士。
Shang Ting, whose style name was Mengqing, was from Jiyin in Caozhou. His forebears bore the surname Yin and changed it to avoid the Song imperial taboo. His father Heng served as Yuanwai Lang of the Shaanxi Branch Secretariat and died in battle. At twenty-four, when Bianjing fell, he fled north, joined Zhao Tianxi of Guanshi, and kept company with Yuan Haowen and Yang Huan. Yan Shi of Dongping engaged him as tutor to his sons. When Shi died, his son Zhongji succeeded; Ting was recruited as administrator, then served as judge of Caozhou. Before long he was again administrator and helped Zhongji promote learning and nurture scholars.
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癸丑，世祖在潛邸，受京兆分地，聞挺名，遣使徵至鹽州。 入對稱旨，字而不名。 間陪宴語，因曰：「挺來時，李璮城朐山，東平當饋米萬石。 東平至朐山，率十石致一石，且車淖於雨，必後期，後期罪死。 請輸沂州，使璮軍取食，便。」 世祖曰：「愛民如此，忍不卿從。」 楊惟中宣撫關中，挺為郎中。 兵火之餘，八州十二縣，戶不滿萬，皆驚憂無聊。 挺佐惟中，進賢良，黜貪暴，明尊卑，出淹滯，定規程，主簿責，印楮幣，頒俸祿，務農薄稅，通其有無。 期月，民乃安。 誅一大猾，群吏咸懼。 且請減關中常賦之半。 明年，惟中罷，廉希憲來代，升挺為宣撫副使。 丙辰，徵京兆軍需布萬匹、米三千石、帛三千段，械器稱是，輸平涼軍。 期迫甚，郡人大恐。 挺曰：「他易集也，運米千里，妨我蠶麥。」 郿長王姓者，平涼人也，挺召與謀，對曰：「不煩官運，僕家有積粟，請以代輸。」 挺大悅，載價與之，他輸亦如期。 復命兼治懷孟，境內大治。 丁巳，憲宗命阿藍答兒會計河南、陝右。 戊午，罷宣撫司，挺還東平。
In the year guichou, while Kublai Khan was still in his princely establishment and had received the Jingzhao allotment, he heard of Ting's reputation and sent envoys to summon him to Yanzhou. His answers at audience pleased the Khan, who addressed him by his style name and did not use his personal name. Once at a banquet he remarked: "When I came, Li Tan held Tushan and Dongping was ordered to deliver ten thousand piculs of rice. From Dongping to Tushan, ten piculs dispatched yielded one picul received; carts mired in rain would miss the deadline, and missing the deadline meant death. Please route the grain to Yizhou and let Tan's army draw supplies there—it would be far easier." The Khan said: "To care for the people like this—how could I not have you at my side." When Yang Weizhong pacified Guanzhong, Ting served as Langzhong under him. After the devastation of war, eight prefectures and twelve counties together counted fewer than ten thousand households—everywhere people were fearful and destitute. Ting assisted Weizhong in advancing the worthy, removing the greedy and violent, clarifying ranks, releasing the long detained, setting regulations, enforcing registrar accountability, issuing paper currency, distributing salaries, promoting farming and easing taxes, and moving goods from surplus to shortage. Within a month the people were at peace. They executed one powerful scoundrel, and every clerk trembled. They also petitioned to cut Guanzhong's regular tax by half. The following year Weizhong was replaced; Lian Xixian took over and promoted Ting to Vice Pacification Commissioner. In bingchen the court levied on Jingzhao ten thousand bolts of cloth for army needs, three thousand piculs of rice, three thousand bolts of silk, and a proportional quantity of arms, all for the Pingliang army. The deadline was crushing and the commandery was in terror. Ting said: "The other requisitions are easy to meet; hauling grain a thousand li would ruin our silkworm season and wheat harvest. He summoned a Mr. Wang of Meixian, a native of Pingliang, to consult; Wang replied: "No need for official transport—my family has grain in store; let me deliver it in your stead." Ting was delighted, loaded the payment and gave it to him, and the other deliveries also met their deadlines. He was again charged with Huaimei as well, and the region was thoroughly well governed. In dingwei Emperor Möngke ordered Alan Dar to audit Henan and the right bank of Shaanxi. In wuwu the Pacification Commission was abolished and Ting returned to Dongping.
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憲宗親征蜀，世祖將趨鄂、漢，軍於小濮，召問軍事。 挺對曰：「蜀道險遠，萬乘豈宜輕動。」 世祖默然久之，曰：「卿言正契吾心。」 憲宗崩，世祖北還，道遣張文謙與挺計事。 挺曰：「軍中當嚴符信，以防奸詐。」 文謙急追及言之。 世祖大悟，罵曰：「無一人為我言此，非商孟卿幾敗大計！」 速遣使至軍立約。 未幾，阿里不哥之使至軍中，執而斬之。 召挺北上至開平，挺與廉希憲密贊大計。
Möngke campaigned in person in Shu; the Khan was to march on E and Han and encamped at Xiaopu, summoning Ting to ask about military affairs. Ting answered: "The road into Shu is treacherous and remote—how should the Son of Heaven lightly take the field." The Khan was silent a long while, then said: "Your words are exactly what is in my heart." When Möngke died the Khan turned north; on the march he sent Zhang Wenqian and Ting ahead to plan affairs. Ting said: "In the army, tallies and credentials must be strictly enforced to guard against treachery." Wenqian spurred after him in haste and reported this. The Khan came to himself with a start and exclaimed: "Not one of you told me this—had it not been for Shang Mengqing we would nearly have wrecked the great design!" He immediately sent envoys to the army to set the agreements in place. Before long Ariq Böke's envoys arrived at the army and were seized and executed. Ting was summoned north to Kaiping, where he and Lian Xixian privately counseled on the great succession plan.
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世祖既即位，挺奏曰：「南師宜還扈乘輿，西師宜軍便地。」 從之。 以廉希憲及挺宣撫陝、蜀。 中統元年夏五月，至京兆。 哈剌不花者，徵蜀時名將也，渾都海嘗為之副，時駐六盤山，以兵應阿里不哥。 挺謂希憲曰：「為六盤，有三策。 悉銳而東，直搗京兆，上策也； 聚兵六盤，觀釁而動，中策也； 重裝北歸，以應和林，下策也。」 希憲曰：「彼將何從？」 挺曰：「必出下策。」 已而果然。 於是與希憲定議，令八春、汪良臣發兵御之，事具《希憲傳》。 六盤之兵既北，而阿藍答兒自和林引兵南來，與哈剌不花、渾都海遇於甘州。 哈剌不花以語不合，引其兵北去，阿藍答兒遂與渾都海合軍而南。 時諸王合丹率騎兵與八春、汪良臣兵合，乃分為三道以拒之。 既陣，大風吹沙，良臣令軍士下馬，以短兵突其左，繞出陣後，潰其右而出，八春直搗其前，合丹勒精騎邀其歸路，大戰於甘州東，殺阿藍答兒、渾都海。 事聞，帝大悅，曰：「商孟卿，古之良將也。」 改宣撫司為行中書省，進希憲為右丞，挺為僉行省事。
Once enthroned, the Khan received Ting's memorial: "The southern force should return to guard the imperial carriage; the western force should hold ground where it is advantageous." The throne approved. Lian Xixian and Ting were charged to pacify Shaanxi and Shu. In the fifth month of summer of the first year of Zhongtong they arrived at Jingzhao. Harabucha had been a celebrated general in the Shu campaign; Hüntaihai, who had served under him, now held Liupanshan with forces answering Ariq Böke. Ting told Xixian: "Regarding Liupanshan, there are three courses. The best: concentrate every crack troop and drive east straight at Jingzhao; The middle: mass at Liupanshan and watch for an opening; The worst: haul heavy stores north to join Qara Qorum." Xixian asked: "Which will they choose?" Ting said: "They will certainly take the worst." Events proved him right. He and Xixian then ordered Bachu and Wang Liangchen to take the field against them, as set out in Xixian's biography. After the Liupanshan force marched north, Alan Dar led an army south from Qara Qorum and joined Harabucha and Hüntaihai at Ganzhou. Harabucha, quarreling with Alan Dar, withdrew north with his men; Alan Dar then combined with Hüntaihai and advanced south. Prince Hüdan brought his cavalry to join Bachu and Wang Liangchen, and they arrayed in three columns to meet the enemy. When the lines clashed, a sandstorm rose; Liangchen had his men dismount and with short weapons smash the enemy left, swing behind the formation and rout the right, Bachu hit them head-on, and Hüdan barred their retreat with picked cavalry—in the great battle east of Ganzhou Alan Dar and Hüntaihai were slain. When the report arrived, the emperor rejoiced and said: "Shang Mengqing is a commander of the old school." The Pacification Commission became a Branch Secretariat; Xixian was made Right Chancellor and Ting Associate Director of Branch Secretariat affairs.
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二年，進參知政事。 宋將劉整以滬州降，系前降宋者數百人來歸，軍吏請誅以戒，挺盡奏而釋之。 興元判官費寅有罪懼誅，以藉兵完城事訟挺與希憲於朝。 帝召挺便殿，問曰：「卿在關中、懷孟，兩著治效，而毀言日至，豈同寅有沮卿者耶？ 抑位高而志怠耶？ 比年論王文統者甚眾，卿獨無一言。」 挺對曰：「臣素知文統之為人，嘗與趙璧論之，想陛下猶能記也。 臣在秦三年，多過，其或從權以應變者有之。 若功成以歸己，事敗分咎於人，臣必不敢，請就戮。」 挺既出，帝顧駙馬忽剌出、樞副合答等，數挺前後大計，凡十有七，因歎曰：「挺有功如是，猶自言有罪，若此，誰復為朕戮力耶！ 卿等識之。」 四年，賜金符，行四川行樞密院事。
In the second year he was promoted Vice Director of Secretariat affairs. When the Song general Liu Zheng surrendered Huzhou he brought several hundred earlier Song defectors in bonds; officers wanted them executed as a warning, but Ting memorialized for their full release. The Xingyuan judge Fei Yin, guilty and fearing death, accused Ting and Xixian at court of press-ganging labor to complete the city walls. The emperor called Ting to the informal audience and asked: "You governed Guanzhong and Huaimei well, yet calumny reaches Us every day—is it that Yin and men like him stand in your way? Or that high office has dulled your purpose? These years many have denounced Wang Wentong, yet you alone have said nothing." Ting answered: "I have long known Wentong's character and once discussed him with Zhao Bi—Your Majesty may still recall it. I served three years in Qin and erred often; at times I bent rules to meet emergencies. Yet to take credit when things succeeded and shift blame when they failed—I would never dare; I beg to accept punishment." When Ting had left, the emperor turned to the imperial son-in-law Hulachu, Vice Director Heda, and others, listing seventeen of Ting's major plans in order, and sighed: "Ting has done so much yet still claims guilt—if men like this will not exert themselves for Us, who will! Mark this well." In the fourth year he was granted a gold tally and directed Sichuan Branch Privy Council affairs.
13
至元元年，入拜參知政事。 建議史事，附修遼、金二史，宜令王鶚、李治、徐世隆、高鳴、胡祗遹、周砥等為之，甚合帝意。 二年，分省河東，俄召還。 三年，帝留意經學，挺與姚樞、竇默、王鶚、楊果纂《五經要語》凡二十八類以進。 六年，同僉樞密院事。 七年，遷僉書。 八年，升副使。 數軍食，定軍官品級，給軍吏俸。 使四千人屯田，開懇三萬畝，收其獲以餉親軍。 汰不勝軍者戶三萬戶，一丁者亦汰去； 丁多業寡，業多丁寡，財力相資，合出一軍。
In the first year of Zhiyuan he entered court and was made Vice Director of Secretariat affairs. He proposed that the histories of Liao and Jin be undertaken alongside the main history, with Wang E, Li Zhi, Xu Shilong, Gao Ming, Hu Zhiyuan, Zhou Di, and others as compilers, which greatly pleased the emperor. In the second year he was sent to the Hedong Branch Secretariat and soon recalled. In the third year, when the emperor devoted attention to the classics, Ting joined Yao Shu, Dou Mo, Wang E, and Yang Guo in compiling Essential Passages of the Five Classics in twenty-eight categories and presented them. In the sixth year he was Associate Privy Council Director. In the seventh year he became Privy Council Secretary. In the eighth year he was promoted Vice Director. He audited army rations, fixed military officer grades, and instituted salaries for army clerks. He put four thousand men to farming, opened thirty thousand mu of wasteland, and used the yield to supply the imperial guard. He struck thirty thousand households unfit for service from the rolls, and single-male households were removed as well; where many sons had little property or much property had few sons, households were grouped so wealth and labor together supplied one soldier.
14
初，運使郭琮、郎中郭叔雲與王相趙炳構隙。 或告炳不法，妃命囚之六盤獄以死。 朝廷疑擅殺之，執琮、叔雲鞫問，伏辜，事具《趙炳傳》。 初無一毫及挺。 惟王府女奚徹徹，以預二郭謀，臨刑，望以求生，始有曖昧語連挺及其子讞。 帝怒，召挺，拘炳家，瓛下獄。 帝命趙氏子曰：「商孟卿，老書生，可與諸儒讞其罪。」 吏部尚書青陽夢炎以議勳奏曰：「臣宋儒，不知挺向來之功可補今之過否？」 帝不悅曰：「是同類相助之辭也。」 符寶郎董文忠奏曰：「夢炎不知挺何如人，臣以曩時推戴之功語之矣。」 帝良久曰：「其事果何如？」 對曰：「臣目未睹，耳固聞之，殺人之謀，挺不與也。」 帝默然。 十六年春，有旨：挺不可全以無罪釋之，籍其家。 是冬，始釋挺及讞。 二十年，复樞密副使，俄以疾免。 二十一年，趙氏子復訟父冤，挺又被系，百餘日乃釋。 二十五年，帝問中丞董文用曰：「商孟卿今年幾何？」 對曰：「八十。」 帝甚惜其老，而歎其康強。 是歲冬十有二月卒。 有詩千餘篇，尤善隸書。 延祐初，贈推誠協謀佐運功臣、太師、開府儀同三司、上柱國、魯國公，諡文定。 子五人：琥、璘、瑭、瓛、琦。
At first Transport Commissioner Guo Cong and Langzhong Guo Shuyun were at odds with Chancellor Zhao Bing. Someone reported Bing's misconduct; the consort ordered him imprisoned in the Liupanshan jail to die there. The court suspected unauthorized execution; Cong and Shuyun were seized and examined, confessed—the account is in Bing's biography. At first Ting was not implicated in the slightest. Only the princely household maid Cheche, who had shared the two Guos' conspiracy, at execution glanced about hoping for life and then made vague statements implicating Ting and his son Yan. The emperor was enraged, summoned Ting, sealed Bing's household, and Yan was cast into prison. The emperor told Zhao's son: "Shang Mengqing is an old scholar—let the Ru debate his offense." Minister of Personnel Qingyang Mengyan argued on merit: "I am a Song Ru and do not know whether Ting's former service can redeem his present fault." The emperor, displeased, said: "That is how men of one party speak for each other." Keeper of Seals Dong Wenzong said: "Mengyan does not know Ting's worth—I have already spoken to him of his service in the founding days." After a long pause the emperor asked: "How did the matter truly stand?" He answered: "I did not see with my own eyes, but I have heard that Ting took no part in murder." The emperor said nothing. In spring of the sixteenth year an edict held that Ting could not be released entirely innocent—his property was confiscated. That winter Ting and Yan were finally released. In the twentieth year he was again Privy Council Vice Director but soon resigned for illness. In the twenty-first year Zhao's son again sued over his father's grievance; Ting was again held more than a hundred days before release. In the twenty-fifth year the emperor asked Censor-in-Chief Dong Wenyong: "How old is Shang Mengqing?" He answered: "Eighty." The emperor valued his great age yet marveled at his strength. He died in the twelfth month of winter that year. He left more than a thousand poems and excelled at clerical script. In the early Yanyou period he was posthumously enfeoffed Meritorious Minister of Sincere Counsel Who Assisted the Dynasty, Grand Preceptor, Grand Master of the Palace with privilege to open an office, Supreme Pillar of State, Duke of Lu, posthumous title Wending. He had five sons: Hu, Lin, Tang, Yan, and Qi.
15
琥字台符。 至元十四年，以姚樞、許衡薦，拜江南行御史臺監察御史。 建康戍卒有利湯氏財者，投戈於其家，誣為反具。 琥知其冤，罪誣者而釋之。 華亭蟠龍寺僧思月謀叛被擒，其黨縱火來劫，民大擾，琥亟誅其魁。 文法吏責琥擅誅，行台中丞張雄飛曰：「江南殘毀之餘，盜賊屢起，顧尚循常例，安用憲台為哉！」 吏議遂屈。 都昌妖賊杜萬一，僭號倡亂，行台檄琥按問。 械系脅從者盈獄，琥悉以詿誤縱遣之。 黨與竄伏者猶眾，琥揭榜招徠，不三日雲集。 二十七年，徵拜中台監察御史。 屬地震，琥上書言：「昔漢文帝有此異，而無其應，蓋以躬行德化而弭也。」 因條陳漢文時政以進。 又言：「為國之道，在立法、任人二者而已。 法不徒立，須人而行，人不濫用，惟賢是擇。」 因舉天下名士十餘人。 帝從之，皆召用，待以不次。 三十年，遷國子司業。 卒。 有《彝齋文集》。
Hu, whose style was Taifu. In the fourteenth year of Zhiyuan, on the recommendation of Yao Shu and Xu Heng, he was made Investigating Censor of the Jiangnan Branch Censorate. A Jiankang garrison soldier coveted the Tang family's wealth, threw a weapon into their house, and accused them of treason. Hu saw they were innocent, punished the false accuser, and freed them. The Huating Panlong Temple monk Siyue plotted rebellion and was seized; his band set fires to loot and the people were in uproar—Hu quickly executed the leaders. Legal officers charged Hu with unauthorized killing; Branch Censor-in-Chief Zhang Xiongfei said: "The south is still shattered and bandits rise repeatedly—if we cling to routine, what need is there for a censorate!" The clerks' case collapsed. The Duchang demonic rebel Du Wanyi usurped a title and raised revolt; the Branch Secretariat ordered Hu to investigate. Followers seized under coercion filled the jails; Hu released them all as misled. Many accomplices still hid in the hills; Hu posted proclamations to summon them, and in less than three days they came in crowds. In the twenty-seventh year he was summoned as Investigating Censor of the Central Censorate. When an earthquake struck, Hu memorialized: "Under Emperor Wen of Han this omen appeared yet brought no calamity—because he practiced virtue himself and stilled it." He then itemized Wen's policies of the time and presented them. He also said: "Governing a state rests on two things alone: making laws and choosing men. Laws cannot stand empty—they need men to carry them out; men must not be misused—only the worthy should be chosen." He then recommended more than ten eminent men under heaven. The emperor approved; all were summoned and promoted out of turn. In the thirtieth year he became Director of Studies of the Directorate of Education. He died. He left the Collected Works of the Yizhai Studio.
16
瑭子禮符。 仕為右衛屯田千戶。 歲餘，謝病侍親，時年才三十二。 後還鄉里，築室曰晦道堂，蓋取七世祖宗弼，宋仁宗時為太子中舍人，年五十掛冠所築堂名也。
Tang's son Lifu. He served as Thousand-Household of the Right Guard Colony Fields. After little more than a year he pleaded illness to care for his parents—he was only thirty-two. Later he went home and built the Hall of Hidden Way, named for his seventh-generation ancestor Zongbi, who under Song Renzong had been Attendant to the Heir Apparent and at fifty resigned office and built a hall of that name.
17
趙良弼
Zhao Liangbi
18
趙良弼，字輔之，女直人也。 本姓術要甲，音訛為趙家，因以趙為氏。 父愨，金威勝軍節度使，諡忠閔； 愨長子良貴，嵩汝招討使； 良貴子讜，許州兵官； 愨從子良材，守太原。 俱死事。 良弼明敏，多智略，初舉進士，教授趙州。 世祖在潛籓，召見，佔對稱旨，會立邢州安撫司，擢良弼為幕長。 邢久不得善吏，且當要衝，使者旁午，民多逃去。 良弼區畫有方，事或掣制，則請諸籓邸，再閱歲，凡六往返，所請無不從。 脫兀脫以斷事官鎮邢，其屬要結罪廢者，交構嫌隙，動相沮撓。 世祖時徵雲南，良弼馳驛白其事，遂黜脫兀脫，罷其屬，邢大治，戶口增倍。 世祖在潛籓時，分地在關陝，奏以廉希憲、商挺宣撫陝西，以良弼參議司事。 阿藍答兒當國，憚世祖英武，讒於憲宗。 遂以阿藍答兒為陝西省左丞相，劉太平參知政事，鉤校京兆錢穀，煅煉群獄，死者二十餘人，眾皆股栗。 良弼力陳大義，詞氣懇款，二人卒不能誣，故宣撫司一無所坐。
Zhao Liangbi, styled Fuzhi, was a Jurchen. His clan name was originally Shuyao Jia; corrupted in pronunciation to "Zhao family," he adopted Zhao as his surname. His father Que was Jin Military Commissioner of Weisheng Army, posthumous title Loyal and Careful; Que's eldest son Lianggui was Pacification Commissioner of Song and Ru; Lianggui's son Dan was military officer of Xuzhou; Que's cousin's son Liangcai held Taiyuan. All died in the line of duty. Liangbi was sharp-witted and resourceful; after taking the jinshi degree he taught in Zhao Prefecture. While the Khan was still heir apparent he was summoned; his prognostications pleased the prince, and when the Xingzhou Pacification Commission was set up he was made its chief administrator. Xing had long gone without capable administrators, sat on a critical corridor with envoys passing constantly, and the people fled in numbers. Liangbi organized affairs with skill; when something was blocked he appealed to the princely residence, and within a year made six round trips—every petition was granted. Toqtoq held judicial authority in Xing; subordinates condemned for capital crimes sowed suspicion and constantly obstructed one another. While the Khan campaigned in Yunnan, Liangbi rode post-haste to report the situation; Toqtoq was removed along with his men, Xing was thoroughly governed, and registered households doubled. In his princely days, with territory in Guan and Long, he memorialized Lian Xixian and Shang Ting to pacify Shaanxi and Liangbi to serve as deliberator on commission affairs. When Alan Dar held sway he feared the Khan's prowess and slandered him to Möngke. Alan Dar was made Left Chancellor of the Shaanxi Branch Secretariat with Liu Taiping as Vice Director; they audited Jingzhao finances and fabricated prosecutions—more than twenty were executed and everyone trembled. Liangbi argued the great principle with earnest force; the two could not entrap him, and the Pacification Commission was not implicated.
19
己未七月，世祖南征，召參議元帥事，兼江淮安撫使。 親執桴鼓，率先士卒，五戰皆捷。 禁焚廬舍、殺降民，所至宣布恩德，民皆按堵。 既渡江，攻鄂州，聞憲宗崩，世祖北還，良弼陳時務十二事，言皆有徵。 至衛，遣如京兆察訪秦、蜀人情事宜，不踰月，具得實還報，曰：「宗王穆哥無他心，宜以西南六盤悉委屬之。 渾都海屯軍六盤，士馬精強，咸思北歸，恐事有不意。 紐璘總秦、川蒙古諸軍，多得秦、蜀民心，年少鷙勇，輕去就，當寵以重職，疾解其兵柄。 劉太平、霍魯懷，今行尚書省事，聲言辦集糧餉，陰有據秦、蜀志。 百家奴、劉黑馬、汪惟正兄弟，蒙被德惠，俱悉心俟命。」 其言皆見採用。
In the seventh month of jiwei the Khan marched south, appointing him deliberator on marshal affairs and Huai-Huai Pacification Commissioner. He himself beat the war drum, led from the front, and won five battles in succession. He forbade burning dwellings and killing those who surrendered; everywhere he proclaimed imperial kindness and the people were left in peace. After crossing the river they attacked Ezhou; when Möngke's death was reported the Khan turned north, and Liangbi submitted twelve policy points, each well grounded. At Wei he was sent to Jingzhao to survey Qin and Shu; within a month he returned with a full report: "Prince Möngke harbors no other design—the whole southwest Liupanshan should be placed under him. Hüntaihai holds Liupanshan with crack troops and horses eager to march north—I fear the unexpected. Niurong commands Qin and Chuan Mongol forces and has the hearts of Qin and Shu; young, fierce, and reckless—honor him with heavy rank but quickly strip his command. Liu Taiping and Huoluai now run Branch Secretariat affairs, claiming to gather rations while secretly plotting to hold Qin and Shu. Baijianu, Liu Heima, and the Wang Weizheng brothers have all received favor and await orders faithfully." Every point was adopted.
20
庚申，良弼凡五上言勸進，曰：「今中外皆願大王早進正宸，以安天下，事勢如此，豈容中止，社稷安危，間不容髮。」 世祖嘉之。 既即位，立陝西四川宣撫司，復以廉希憲、商挺為使、副，良弼為參議。 良弼先行，謀諸斷事官八春曰：「今渾都海日夜思北歸，紐璘遷延不即行，當先遣使奉上旨促紐璘入朝，劉太平速還京兆。」 八春從其議。 至則紐璘果移營將入涇，劉太平將趨六盤，聞命乃止。 後渾都海果叛北歸，良弼與汪惟正、劉黑馬二宣撫決議，執渾都海之黨元帥乞台不花、迷立火者誅之。 希憲及挺慮有擅殺名，遣使入奏待罪。 良弼具密狀授使者，言：「始遣捕二帥時，止令囚以俟報，臣竊以為張惶不便，宜急誅之，擅殺在臣，實不在宣撫司，若上怒希憲等，願使者即出此奏。」 帝竟不問，使者以奏白政府，咸以良弼為長者。 升參議陝西省事。 蜀人費寅以私憾誣廉希憲、商挺在京兆有異志者九事，以良弼為徵。 帝召良弼詰問，良弼泣曰：「二臣忠良，保無是心，願剖臣心以明之。」 帝意不釋。 會平李璮，得王文統交通書，益有疑二臣意，切責良弼，無所不至，至欲斷其舌。 良弼誓死不少變，帝意乃解，費寅卒以反誅。
In gengshen Liangbi memorialized five times urging enthronement: "Within and without all wish you to take the throne soon and settle the realm—the moment cannot be lost; the state's safety hangs by a thread." The Khan approved. On accession he established the Shaanxi-Sichuan Pacification Commission with Lian Xixian and Shang Ting as commissioner and vice and Liangbi as deliberator. Liangbi went ahead and told Judicial Officer Bachu: "Hüntaihai schemes daily to return north and Niurong tarries—first send envoys with imperial orders to hurry Niurong to court and Liu Taiping back to Jingzhao." Bachu agreed. On arrival Niurong had moved camp toward Jing and Liu Taiping was heading for Liupanshan—both halted on the orders. When Hüntaihai rebelled north, Liangbi with pacification commissioners Wang Weizheng and Liu Heima resolved to seize and execute his partisans the commanders Qitai Buhua and Mili Huozhe. Xixian and Ting feared the stigma of unauthorized execution and sent envoys to court to await judgment. Liangbi gave the envoy a secret memorial: "When we seized the two commanders we meant only to hold them for report—I judged delay dangerous and urged immediate execution; the unauthorized killing is mine, not the commission's—if Your Majesty is angry with Xixian and others, produce this memorial now." The emperor never pursued it; the envoy showed the memorial at court and all called Liangbi a man of honor. He was promoted Deliberator of Shaanxi Branch Secretariat affairs. The Shu man Fei Yin, from private spite, accused Xixian and Ting of nine disloyal acts at Jingzhao, citing Liangbi as witness. The emperor summoned Liangbi and questioned him; he wept: "Both ministers are loyal—I know they have no such intent; cut open my heart to prove it." The emperor was not persuaded. When Li Tan was suppressed and Wang Wentong's treasonous letters surfaced, suspicion deepened; the emperor upbraided Liangbi relentlessly, even threatening to cut out his tongue. Liangbi vowed to die rather than yield; the emperor relented, and Fei Yin was finally executed for rebellion.
21
至元七年，以良弼為經略使，領高麗屯田。 良弼言屯田不便，固辭，遂以良弼奉使日本。 先是，至元初，數遣使通日本，卒不得要領，於是良弼請行。 帝憫其老，不許，良弼固請，乃授秘書監以行。 良弼奏：「臣父兄四人，死事於金，乞命翰林臣文其碑，臣雖死絕域，無憾矣。」 帝從其請。 給兵三千以從，良弼辭，獨與書狀官二十四人俱。 舟至金津島，其國人望見使舟，欲舉刃來攻，良弼舍舟登岸喻旨。 金津守延入板屋，以兵環之，滅燭大噪，良弼凝然自若。 天明，其國太宰府官陳兵四山，問使者來狀。 良弼數其不恭罪，仍喻以禮意。 太宰官愧服，求國書。 良弼曰：「必見汝國王，始授之。」 越數日，復來求書，且曰：「我國自太宰府以東，上古使臣，未有至者，今大朝遣使至此，而不以國書見授，何以示信！」 良弼曰：「隋文帝遣裴清來，王郊迎成禮，唐太宗、高宗時，遣使皆得見王，王何獨不見大朝使臣乎？」 复索書不已，詰難往復數四，至以兵脅良弼。 良弼終不與，但頗錄本示之。 後又聲言，大將軍以兵十萬來求書。 良弼曰：「不見汝國王，寧持我首去，書不可得也。」 日本知不可屈，遣使介十二人入覲，仍遣人送良弼至對馬島。 十年五月，良弼至自日本，入見，帝詢知其故，曰：「卿可謂不辱君命矣。」 後帝將討日本，三問，良弼言：「臣居日本歲餘，睹其民俗，狠勇嗜殺，不知有父子之親、上下之禮。 其地多山水，無耕桑之利，得其人不可役，得其地不加富。 況舟師渡海，海風無期，禍害莫測。 是謂以有用之民力，填無窮之巨壑也，臣謂勿擊便。」 帝從之。
In the seventh year of Zhiyuan Liangbi was made commissioner overseeing Goryeo colony fields. Liangbi argued colony fields were impractical and firmly declined; he was then appointed envoy to Japan. From early Zhiyuan envoys had gone to Japan repeatedly without success, and Liangbi volunteered. The emperor pitied his age and refused; Liangbi insisted and was given the post of Palace Library Director for the journey. Liangbi memorialized: "Father and brothers, four in all, died serving the Jin—I beg Hanlin scholars to write their steles; though I perish overseas I shall have no regret." The emperor approved. Three thousand troops were offered; Liangbi refused and went with only twenty-four document officers. At Kin Island the Japanese saw the envoy ship and reached for weapons; Liangbi left the boat and went ashore to announce the imperial message. The Kin guard brought him into a plank house, ringed him with troops, put out the lamps and shouted—Liangbi remained unmoved. At dawn Dazaifu officials arrayed troops on four mountains and asked the envoy's purpose. Liangbi rebuked their disrespect yet still instructed them in proper ritual. The Dazaifu officials were ashamed and asked for the imperial letter. Liangbi said: "I must see your king before handing it over." Days later they returned, saying: "From Dazaifu east no envoy of antiquity has come; now the Great Court sends an envoy—without delivering the letter how can there be trust!" Liangbi said: "Sui Wendi sent Pei Qing and your king met him with suburban rites; under Tang Taizong and Gaozong envoys all saw the king—why alone refuse a Great Court envoy?" They demanded the letter again and again, arguing repeatedly, even threatening him with soldiers. Liangbi never yielded, only showing them a partial transcript. They again claimed a great general would come with a hundred thousand men for the letter. Liangbi said: "Without seeing your king you may take my head—the letter will not be given." Seeing he could not be broken, Japan sent twelve envoys to court and escorted Liangbi to Tsushima. In the fifth month of the tenth year Liangbi returned; at audience the emperor heard the account and said: "You have not disgraced your sovereign's charge." Later, planning war on Japan, the emperor asked three times; Liangbi said: "I lived in Japan more than a year and saw a people fierce and bloodthirsty, knowing neither filial piety nor hierarchy. Their country is mountains and rivers without farming or sericulture—their people cannot be made to serve, their land adds no wealth. Moreover fleets cross seas where winds are unpredictable and disaster incalculable. This is to pour useful strength into a bottomless pit—I advise against attack." The emperor agreed.
22
十一年十二月，以良弼同僉書樞密院事。 丞相伯顏伐宋，良弼言：「宋重兵在揚州，宜以大軍先搗錢唐。」 後訖如其計。 又言：「宋亡，江南士人多廢學，宜設經史科，以育人材，定律令，以戢姦吏。」 卒皆用其議。 帝嘗從容問曰：「高麗，小國也，匠工弈技，皆勝漢人，至於儒人，皆通經書，學孔、孟。 漢人惟務課賦吟詩，將何用焉！」 良弼對曰：「此非學者之病，在國家所尚何如耳。 尚詩賦，則人必從之，尚經學，則人亦從之。
In the twelfth month of the eleventh year he was made Associate Privy Council Secretary. When Chancellor Bayan attacked Song, Liangbi said: "Song's main force holds Yangzhou—a great army should first strike Qiantang." Events proved exactly as he predicted. He also said: "With Song gone, Jiangnan scholars have abandoned study—establish a classics and history examination to nurture talent and fix laws to curb corrupt officials." In the end all were adopted. The emperor once asked casually: "Goryeo is small, yet artisans and players surpass Han people; its Ru scholars all master the classics and study Confucius and Mencius. Han people only chase taxes and compose poetry—of what use are they!" Liangbi answered: "That is not scholars' fault but what the state honors. Honor lyric poetry and people follow; honor the classics and people follow that.
23
良弼屢以疾辭，十九年，得旨居懷孟。 良弼別業在溫縣，故有地三千畝，乃析為二，六與懷州，四與孟州，皆永隸廟學，以贍生徒，自以出身儒素，示不忘本也。 或問為治，良弼曰：「必有忍，其乃有濟。 人性易發而難制者，惟怒為甚。 必克己，然後可以製怒； 必順理，然後可以忘怒。 能忍所難忍，容所難容，事斯濟矣。」 二十三年，卒，年七十。 贈推忠翊運功臣、太保、儀同三司，追封韓國公，諡文正。 子訓，陝西平章政事。
Liangbi often pleaded illness; in the nineteenth year he was permitted to live in Huaimei. His estate in Wen County held three thousand mu; he split it—six parts to Huai, four to Meng—all permanently for temple schools to support students, for he came from Ru stock and would not forget his roots. Asked about governing, he said: "There must be forbearance—only then is there success. What bursts forth easily yet is hardest to control in human nature is anger. Only by restraining oneself can one master anger; only by following principle can one forget anger. Endure the unbearable, tolerate the intolerable—then affairs succeed." In the twenty-third year he died at seventy. Posthumously enfeoffed Meritorious Minister of Sincere Counsel Who Assists the Dynasty, Grand Guardian, Grand Master of the Palace with equal ceremony to the Three Dukes, Duke of Han, posthumous title Wenzheng. His son Xun became Shaanxi Branch Grand Councillor.
24
趙璧，字寶臣，雲中懷仁人。 世祖為親王，聞其名，召見，呼秀才而不名，賜三僮，給薪水，命後親製衣賜之，視其試服不稱，輒為損益，寵遇無與為比。 命馳驛四方，聘名士王鶚等。 又令蒙古生十人從璧受儒書。 敕璧習國語，譯《大學衍義》，時從馬上聽璧陳說，辭旨明貫，世祖嘉之。
Zhao Bi, styled Baochen, was from Huairen in Yunzhong. While heir apparent the Khan heard of Bi, summoned him, called him Xiucai without his personal name, gave three servants and stipend, had the consort make his clothes—if they did not fit he altered them; no one was favored like him. He sent Bi post-haste through the realm to recruit eminent men such as Wang E. He also set ten Mongol youths to study Ru learning under Bi. He ordered Bi to learn the national language and translate the Extended Meaning of the Great Learning; often he heard Bi expound from horseback—clear and praised by the Khan.
25
憲宗即位，召璧問曰：「天下何如而治？」 對曰：「請先誅近侍之尤不善者。」 憲宗不悅。 璧退，世祖曰：「秀才，汝渾身是膽耶！ 吾亦為汝握兩手汗也。」 一日，斷事官牙老瓦赤持其印，請於帝曰：「此先朝賜臣印也，今陛下登極，將仍用此舊印，抑易以新者耶？」 時璧侍旁，質之曰：「用汝與否，取自聖裁，汝乃敢以印為請耶！」 奪其印，置帝前。 帝為默然久之，既而曰：「朕亦不能為此也。」 自是牙老瓦赤不復用。
When Möngke acceded he summoned Bi and asked: "How is the realm to be governed?" He answered: "First execute the worst of the close attendants." Möngke was displeased. Bi withdrew; the Khan said: "Xiucai, you are all gall! I too sweated for you with both hands." One day Judicial Officer Yalawachi brought his seal and asked: "This seal the former dynasty gave me—now that Your Majesty has ascended, shall I keep the old seal or receive a new one?" Bi stood by and rebuked him: "Whether to employ you is the sovereign's choice—how dare you bargain with your seal!" He seized the seal and set it before the emperor. The emperor was silent long, then said: "I could not have done that myself." From then Yalawachi was never used again.
26
壬子，為河南經略使。 河南劉萬戶貪婬暴戾，郡中婚嫁，必先賂之，得所請而後行，咸呼之為翁。 其黨董主簿，尤恃勢為虐，強取民女有色者三十餘人。 璧至，按其罪，立斬之，盡還民女。 劉大驚，時天大雪，因詣璧相勞苦，且酌酒賀曰：「經略下車，誅鋤強猾，故雪為瑞應。」 璧曰：「如董主簿比者，尚有其人，俟盡誅之，瑞應將大至矣。」 劉屏氣不復敢出語，歸臥病而卒，時人以為懼死。
In renzi he was Henan Pacification Commissioner. Henan's Ten-Thousand-Household Liu was greedy, lustful, and brutal; every wedding in the commandery had to bribe him first—only then could the marriage proceed; all called him "the Old Man." His follower Registrar Dong was especially brutal, seizing more than thirty attractive women. When Bi arrived he investigated, executed Dong immediately, and returned all the women. Liu was terrified; snow was falling heavily, so he came to Bi with compliments and raised a cup: "Since you took office and cut down the strong and wicked, the snow is heaven's sign of approval." Bi said: "Men like Registrar Dong are still about—execute them all and the auspicious sign will be complete." Liu dared not speak again, went home, fell ill and died—people said he died of fright.
27
己未，伐宋，為江淮荊湖經略使。 兵圍鄂州，宋賈似道遣使來，願請行人以和，璧請行。 世祖曰：「汝登城，必謹視吾旗，旗動，速歸可也。」 璧登城，宋將宋京曰：「北兵若旋師，願割江為界，且歲奉銀、絹匹兩各二十萬。」 璧曰：「大軍至濮州時，誠有是請，猶或見從，今已渡江，是言何益！ 賈制置今焉在耶？」 璧適見世祖旗動，乃曰：「俟他日復議之。」 遂還。
In jiwei he campaigned against Song as Pacification Commissioner of Huai, Jiang, and Jing-Hu. The army besieged Ezhou; Jia Sidao of Song sent envoys requesting a negotiator—Bi volunteered. The Khan said: "When you go up the wall, watch my banner—when it moves, come back at once." Bi went up the wall; Song general Song Jing said: "If the northern army withdraws, we will take the Yangtze as the border and yearly present two hundred thousand taels of silver and bolts of silk each." Bi said: "When the great army reached Puzhou such terms might have been accepted; now we have crossed the river—what good is this talk! Where is Commissioner Jia now?" Seeing the Khan's banner move, Bi said: "We shall discuss this another day." He then returned.
28
高麗王禃為其臣林衍所逐，帝召璧還，改中書左丞，同國王頭輦哥行東京等路中書省事，聚兵平壤。 時衍已死，璧與王議曰：「高麗遷居江華島有年矣，外雖卑辭臣貢，內恃其險，故使權臣無所畏忌，擅逐其主。 今衍雖死，王實無罪，若朝廷遣兵護歸，使復國於古京，可以安兵息民，策之上者也。」 因遣使以聞，帝從之。 時同行者分高麗美人，璧得三人，皆還之。 師還，遷中書右丞。 冬，祀太廟，有司失黃幔，索得於神庖灶下，已甚污弊。 帝聞，大怒曰：「大不敬，當斬！」 璧曰：「法止杖斷流遠。」 其人得不死。 十年，復拜平章政事。 十三年，卒，年五十七。 大德三年，贈大司徒，諡忠亮。
Goryeo king Chung was expelled by his minister Lin Yan; the emperor recalled Bi, made him Left Vice Director of the Secretariat, and with Prince Tianjegge directed Branch Secretariat affairs in Tokyo and other routes, massing troops at Pyongyang. Yan was already dead; Bi told the king: "Goryeo has lived on Jianghua Island for years—outwardly humble in tribute, inwardly trusting its defenses—so powerful ministers fear nothing and expel their king at will. Yan is dead but the king is innocent; if the court sends troops to restore him at the ancient capital, war ceases and the people are pacified—that is the best course." They sent envoys to report; the emperor agreed. Those on the mission divided Goryeo beauties among themselves; Bi received three and sent them all back. On the army's return he was made Right Vice Director of the Secretariat. In winter at the Grand Temple sacrifice the officers lost the yellow curtain; it was found under the spirit kitchen stove, filthy and worn. The emperor heard and raged: "Great irreverence—they should die!" Bi said: "By law the penalty is beating and exile." The man was spared execution. In the tenth year he was again Grand Councillor of the Secretariat. In the thirteenth year he died at fifty-seven. In the third year of Dade he was posthumously made Grand Minister of State with posthumous title Loyal and Bright.
29
子二人：仁榮，同知歸德府事； 仁恭，集賢直學士。 孫二人：崇，郊祀署令； 弘，左藏庫提點。
He had two sons: Rongrong, Associate Administrator of Guide Prefecture; Ronggong, Direct Academician of the Hall of Collected Glories. Two grandsons: Chong, Director of the Suburban Sacrifice Office; Hong, Superintendent of the Left Treasury.