1
王傑，金城直城人也，本名文達。 高祖萬國，魏伏波將軍、燕州刺史。 父巢，龍驤將軍、榆中鎮將。
Wang Jie came from Zhicheng in Jincheng; he had originally been called Wenda. His great-grandfather Wanguo had served Wei as General Who Quells the Waves and inspector of Yan. His father Chao held the titles General of the Flying Dragon and commander of the Yuzhong garrison.
2
傑少有壯志，每以功名自許。 善騎射，有膂力。 魏孝武初，起家子都督。 後從西遷，賜爵都昌縣子。 太祖奇其才，擢授揚烈將軍、羽林監，尋加都督。 太祖嘗謂諸將曰：「王文達萬人敵也，但恐勇決太過耳。」 復潼關，破沙苑，爭河橋，戰邙山，皆以勇敢聞。 親待日隆，賞賜加於倫等。 於是賜姓宇文氏。 除岐州刺史，加撫軍將軍、銀青光祿大夫，進爵為公，邑八百戶。 累遷大都督、車騎大將軍、儀同三司、侍中、驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司。
From boyhood Jie burned with ambition, always measuring himself against great deeds and lasting renown. He excelled at horseback archery and had uncommon physical strength. When Emperor Xiaowu of Wei came to the throne, he began his career as a junior commander. He later joined the court's flight to the west and was ennobled as Viscount of Duchang. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai, struck by his gifts, raised him to General Who Raises Might and commandant of the Feathered Guard, then shortly made him an area commander as well. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai once told his commanders, "Wang Wenda could stand against ten thousand — I only worry that his courage cuts too deep and leaves no room for caution. At Tong Pass, Shaye, Heqiao, and Mount Mang he fought with such daring that his name became synonymous with courage on the front. Imperial favor toward him deepened daily, and his gifts outstripped those of men his equal in rank. He was then granted the surname Yuwen. He was made inspector of Qi, given the additional titles General Who Pacifies the Army and Silver Seal Grandee, and promoted to duke with eight hundred feudal households. He rose through grand area commander, General of Chariots and Cavalry, honors equal to the Three Ducal Ministers, palace attendant, Grand General of the Flying Cavalry, and grand master with a grand prefecture matching the Three Ducal Ministers.
3
魏恭帝元年，從于謹圍江陵。 時柵內有人善用長矟，戰士將登者，多為所斃。 謹令傑射之，應弦而倒。 登者乃得入，餘衆繼進，遂拔之。 謹喜曰：「濟我大事者，在公此箭也。」。
In the first year of Emperor Gong of Wei he marched under Yu Jin to besiege Jiangling. Inside the palisade stood a man who wielded a long spear with deadly skill; warriors who tried to climb the works fell to him in swarms. Jin ordered Jie to bring him down, and one shaft laid him out. With the spearman dead, the climbers poured over the wall; the main body followed and the city fell. Jin said warmly, "This single arrow of yours decided the whole campaign for me.
4
孝閔帝踐阼，進爵張掖郡公，增邑一千戶，出為河州刺史。 朝廷以傑勳望俱重，故授以本州。 保定三年，進位大將軍。 三年，詔傑與隨公楊忠自 （漢） 〔漠〕北伐齊，至幷州而還。 天和三年，除宜州刺史，增邑通前三千六百戶。 六年，從齊公憲東禦齊將斛律明月，進位柱國。 建德初，除涇州總管。
When Emperor Xiaomin succeeded, Jie was made Duke of Zhangye with one thousand additional households and posted as inspector of He. Because Jie's battlefield record and reputation both commanded respect, the court gave him his home province. In the third year of Baoding he rose to grand general. That same year an edict sent Jie and Duke of Sui Yang Zhong north from the frontier [Textual note: Han] across the northern steppe to campaign against Qi, reaching Bing Province before turning back. In the third year of Tianhe he became inspector of Yi, his total fief rising to three thousand six hundred households. In the sixth year he marched east under Duke of Qi Yuwen Xian against the Qi general Hulu Mingyue and was made a pillar-of-state. When Jiande opened he was made grand commander of Jing.
5
傑少從軍旅，雖不習吏事，所歷州府，咸以忠恕為心，以是頗為百姓所慕。 宣帝卽位，拜上柱國。 大象元年，薨，時年六十五。 贈河鄯鄧延洮宕翼七州諸軍事、河州刺史，追封鄂國公。 諡曰威。 子孝僊，大象末，位至開府儀同大將軍。
Jie had soldiered since youth and never mastered civil office, yet in every post he governed with loyalty and mercy, and the people loved him for it. When Emperor Xuan succeeded, Jie was made upper pillar-of-state. He died in the first year of Daxiang, at sixty-five. He was posthumously honored with command over He, Shan, Deng, Yan, Tao, Dang, and Yi and the post of inspector of He, and enfeoffed posthumously as Duke of E. He was given the posthumous name Wei. His son Xiaoxian, by the end of Daxiang, had risen to grand master with a grand prefecture matching the grand general.
6
王勇，代武川人也，本名胡仁。 少雄健，有膽決，便弓馬，膂力過人。 魏永安中，万俟醜奴等寇亂關隴，勇占募隨軍討之，以功授甯朔將軍、奉車都尉。 又數從侯莫陳悅、賀拔岳征討，功每居多，拜別將。
Wang Yong came from Wuchuan in Dai; he had originally been called Huren. As a young man he was fierce and resolute, skilled with bow and saddle, and stronger than ordinary men. During Wei's Yong'an era, when Wan Sitou Chounu and others ravaged Guan and Long, Yong raised troops and campaigned against them, earning the titles General Who Pacifies the North and Commandant of the Imperial Carriages. He campaigned again and again under Hou Mochen Yue and He Ba Yue, usually leading in merit, until he was made a separate commander.
7
及太祖為丞相，引為帳內直蕩都督，加後將軍、太中大夫，封包信縣子，邑三百戶。 大統初，增邑四百戶，進爵為侯。 從擒竇泰，復弘農，戰沙苑，氣蓋衆軍，所當必破。 太祖歎其勇敢，賞賜特隆。 進爵為公，邑一千五百戶，拜鎮南將軍，授帥都督。 從討趙青雀，平之，論功居最，除衛大將軍、殷州刺史，加通直散騎常侍，兼太子武衛率。
When Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai became chancellor, he took Yong into his personal staff as direct-charge area commander, made him rear general and palace grand master, and enfeoffed him Viscount of Baoxin with three hundred households. At the opening of Datong his fief grew by four hundred households and he was promoted to marquis. At the capture of Dou Tai, the recovery of Hongnong, and the battle of Shaye his presence dominated the field; every line he struck gave way. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai marveled at his courage and heaped rewards on him beyond the usual measure. He was promoted to duke with fifteen hundred households, made General Who Guards the South, and given command of an army district. After the campaign against Zhao Qingque, his merit stood first; he was made guard grand general and inspector of Yin, given the added posts of regular attendant of direct dispatches and scattered cavalry, and made crown prince martial guard commander as well.
8
邙山之戰，勇率敢死之士三百人，並執短兵，大呼直進，出入衝擊，殺傷甚多，敵人無敢當者。 是役也，大軍不利，唯勇及王文達、耿令貴三人力戰，皆有殊功。 太祖於是賞帛二千疋，令自分之。 軍還，皆拜上州刺史。 以雍州、岐州、北雍州擬授勇等，然州頗有優劣，又令探籌取之。 勇遂得雍州，文達得岐州，令貴得北雍州。 仍賜勇名為勇，令貴名豪，文達名傑，以彰其功。
At Mount Mang Yong led three hundred men sworn to die, all with short blades; shouting, they drove straight through the enemy lines, killing many, and no foe dared meet them. That day the main force faltered; only Yong, Wang Wenda, and Geng Linggui fought on with desperate valor, each earning extraordinary distinction. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai then gave them two thousand bolts of silk and told them to divide the reward themselves. On their return all three were made inspectors of first-rank provinces. Yong, Qi, and Northern Yong were set aside for them, but the provinces were not equal in value, so lots were drawn from a jar. Yong drew Yong, Wenda drew Qi, and Linggui drew Northern Yong. To honor their deeds they were also given new names: Yong received the name Yong, Linggui the name Hao, and Wenda the name Jie.
9
十三年，授大都督，遷使持節、車騎大將軍、儀同三司。 十五年，進侍中、驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司。 魏恭帝元年，從柱國趙貴征茹茹，破之。 勇追擊，獲雜畜數千頭。 進爵新陽郡公，增邑通前二千戶，仍賜姓庫汗氏。 六官建，拜稍伯中大夫。 又論討茹茹功，別封永固縣伯，邑五百戶。 時有別封者，例聽回授次子，勇獨請封兄子元興，時人義之。 尋進位大將軍。 世宗初，岷山羌豪鞏廉俱和叛，勇帥師討平之。
In the thirteenth year he became grand area commander, then bearer of the staff of authority, General of Chariots and Cavalry, with honors equal to the Three Ducal Ministers. In the fifteenth year he rose to palace attendant, Grand General of the Flying Cavalry, and grand master with a grand prefecture matching the Three Ducal Ministers. In the first year of Emperor Gong of Wei he marched under Pillar-of-State Zhao Gui against the Ruru and broke them. Yong pursued and seized several thousand head of mixed herds. He was promoted to Duke of Xinyang with a total fief of two thousand households and granted the surname of the Kuhon clan. When the Six Offices were established, he was made shaobo middle grandee. Merit against the Ruru brought a separate enfeoffment as Baron of Yonggu with five hundred households. Separate enfeoffments were usually passed to a second son, but Yong alone asked that his brother's son Yuanxing receive the title, and contemporaries honored him for it. He was soon made grand general. Early in Shizong's reign the Minshan Qiang chieftain Gong Lianjuhe rebelled; Yong led an army and crushed him.
10
勇性雄猛，為當時驍將。 然矜功伐善，好揚人之惡，時論亦以此鄙之。 柱國侯莫陳崇，勳高望重，與諸將同謁晉公護，聞勇數論人之短，乃於衆中折辱之。 勇遂慙恚，因疽發背而卒。 子昌嗣，官至大將軍。
Yong was by nature fierce and ranked among the boldest commanders of his day. Yet he boasted of his deeds, belittled others' virtues, and loved to broadcast their faults; public opinion scorned him for it. Pillar-of-State Hou Mochen Chong, a man of high merit and greater standing, was visiting Duke of Jin Yuwen Hu with the other commanders when he heard Yong traducing others again and publicly shamed him before them all. Mortified and enraged, Yong fell ill with an abscess on his back and died. His son Changsi rose to grand general.
11
宇文虯
Yuwen Qiu
12
宇文虯字樂仁，代武川人也。 性驍悍，有膽略。 少從軍征討，累有戰功。 魏永安中，除征虜將軍、中散大夫，加都督。 魏孝武初，從獨孤信在荊州，破梁人於下溠，遂平歐陽、酇城。 虯俘獲甚多。 又攻南陽、廣平二城，擒郡守一人。 以功加安西將軍、銀青光祿大夫、員外、直閤將軍、閤內都督，封南安縣侯，邑九百戶。 及孝武西遷，以獨孤信為行臺，信引虯為帳內都督。 破田八能及擒東魏荊州刺史辛纂，虯功居多。 尋隨信奔梁。
Yuwen Qiu, styled Leren, came from Wuchuan in Dai. He was fierce by nature, bold in counsel and resolute in action. From youth he campaigned with the army and won distinction again and again. During Wei's Yong'an era he was made General Who Captures the Barbarians and palace scattered grandee, with the added rank of area commander. When Emperor Xiaowu of Wei came to the throne, Qiu followed Dugu Xin in Jing, routed the Liang at Xiazhi, and then took Ouyang and Zuo city. Qiu took a great many captives. He also stormed Nanyang and Guangping and captured a prefectural administrator. For merit he received the added titles General Who Pacifies the West, Silver Seal Grandee, outside attendant, direct palace general, and inner-palace area commander, and was enfeoffed Marquis of Nan'an with nine hundred households. When Emperor Xiaowu fled west, Dugu Xin became mobile headquarters commissioner and took Qiu into his personal staff as tent area commander. In the defeat of Tian Baneng and capture of Eastern Wei's Jing inspector Xin Zuan, Qiu's merit stood first. He soon followed Xin into exile in Liang territory.
13
大統三年，歸闕。 朝廷論前後功，增邑四百戶，進爵為公。 擒竇泰，復弘農，及沙苑、河橋之戰，皆有功。 增邑八百戶，進車騎將軍、左光祿大夫。 七年，除漢陽郡守，又從獨孤信討梁仚定，破之。 十一年，出為南秦州刺史，加車騎大將軍、儀同三司，進驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司。 追論斬辛纂功，增邑一千戶。 十七年，與大將軍王雄征上津、魏興等，竝平之。 又于白馬與武陵王蕭紀將楊乾運戰，破之。 虯每經行陣，必身先卒伍，故上下同心，戰無不克。 尋而魏興復叛，虯又與王雄討平之。 俄除金州刺史，進位大將軍。 後以疾卒。
In Datong year three he came back to the capital. The court reviewed his service before and after, added four hundred households to his fief, and promoted him to duke. He fought at the capture of Dou Tai, the recovery of Hongnong, and the battles of Shaye and Heqiao, distinguishing himself in each. Eight hundred households were added to his fief, and he rose to General of Chariots and Cavalry and Left Grand Master of the Honorific Seal. In the seventh year he became administrator of Hanyang, then followed Dugu Xin against Liang's Xian Ding and broke him. In the eleventh year he was posted as inspector of Southern Qin, given General of Chariots and Cavalry with honors equal to the Three Ducal Ministers, then promoted to Grand General of the Flying Cavalry and grand master with a grand prefecture matching the Three Ducal Ministers. Merit for slaying Xin Zuan brought one thousand additional households. In the seventeenth year he joined Grand General Wang Xiong in campaigns against Shangjin, Weixing, and other posts, and together they pacified them all. At Baima he also fought Yang Qianyun, general to Liang's Prince of Wuling Xiao Ji, and routed him. Whenever Qiu entered the line he led from the front; officers and men fought as one, and he never failed to win. When Weixing rebelled again, Qiu and Wang Xiong crushed the revolt once more. He was soon made inspector of Jin and promoted to grand general. He died soon afterward of disease.
14
宇文盛
Yuwen Sheng
15
宇文盛字保興，代人也。 曾祖伊與敦、祖長壽、父文孤，並為沃野鎮軍主。
Yuwen Sheng, styled Baoxing, came from Dai. His great-grandfather Yiyudun, grandfather Changshou, and father Wengu had all been garrison commanders at Woye.
16
盛志力驍雄。 初為太祖帳內，從破侯莫陳悅，授威烈將軍，封漁陽縣子，邑三百戶。 大統三年，兼都督。 從擒竇泰，復弘農，破沙苑，授都督、平遠將軍、步兵校尉，進爵為公，增邑八百戶。 除馮翊郡守，加帥都督、西安州大中正、通直散騎常侍、撫軍將軍，增邑三百戶。 累遷大都督、車騎大將軍、儀同三司、驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司、鹽州刺史。 及楚公趙貴謀為亂，盛密赴京告之。 貴誅，授大將軍，進爵忠城郡公，除涇州都督，賜甲一領、奴婢二百口、馬五百疋，牛羊及莊田、什物等稱是。 仍從賀蘭祥平洮陽 （供） 〔洪〕和二城，別封一子甘棠縣公。 轉延州總管，進位柱國。
Sheng was fierce in spirit and formidable in strength. He began in Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai's personal staff; after the defeat of Hou Mochen Yue he was made General of Majestic Might and enfeoffed Viscount of Yuyang with three hundred households. In the third year of Datong he was also made area commander. At the capture of Dou Tai, the recovery of Hongnong, and the battle of Shaye he was made area commander, General Who Pacifies the Distance, and colonel of the foot soldiers, promoted to duke, and given eight hundred additional households. He was made administrator of Fufeng, given the added posts of army area commander, senior rectifier of Western An, regular attendant of direct dispatches and scattered cavalry, and General Who Pacifies the Army, with three hundred more households. He rose through area commander, General of Chariots and Cavalry, Three-Duke honors, Grand General of Agile Cavalry, and Grand Master of the Palace with Three-Duke rank, to inspector of Yan Province. When Duke of Chu Zhao Gui plotted rebellion, Sheng secretly went to the capital to report him. After Zhao Gui was executed, Sheng was made grand general and Duke of Zhongcheng, appointed area commander of Jing, and given armor, two hundred slaves, five hundred horses, livestock, estates, and goods in proportion. He again campaigned under Helan Xiang to pacify Taoyang [Textual note: Gong] Hong and the two cities; one son was separately enfeoffed Duke of Gantang County. He was made overall commander of Yan Province and advanced to pillar-of-state.
17
丘字胡奴，起家襄威將軍、奉朝請、都督，賜爵臨邑縣子。 稍遷輔國將軍、大都督。 預告趙貴謀，拜車騎大將軍、儀同三司，進爵安義縣侯，邑一千戶。 加驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司，進爵為公，除咸陽郡守。 遷汾州刺史。 入為左宮伯，進位大將軍。 出為延綏丹三州三防諸軍事、延州刺史。 轉涼甘瓜三州諸軍事、涼州刺史，加柱國大將軍。 建德元年薨，時年六十。 贈柱國、宜鄜等州刺史。 子隴嗣。
Qiu, styled Hunu, entered service as General of Majestic Might, attendant at court, and area commander, and was enfeoffed Baron of Linyi County. He rose to General Who Assists the State and grand area commander. For warning of Zhao Gui's plot he was made General of Chariots and Cavalry with Three-Duke honors and Marquis of Anyi County with one thousand households. He was further made Grand General of Agile Cavalry and grand master of the palace with Three-Duke rank, raised to duke, and appointed administrator of Xianyang commandery. He was transferred to inspector of Fen Province. He entered court as left palace baron and was advanced to grand general. He was posted to oversee military affairs in Yan, Sui, and Dan provinces and the three garrisons, and made inspector of Yan Province. He was transferred to command military affairs in Liang, Gan, and Gua provinces and made inspector of Liang, with the title grand general and pillar-of-state. He died in the first year of Jiande, aged sixty. He was posthumously honored as pillar-of-state and inspector of Yi, Mei, and other provinces. His son Long succeeded him.
18
耿豪，鉅鹿人也。 本名令貴。 其先避劉、石之亂，居遼東，因仕於燕。 曾祖超，率衆歸魏，遂家於神武川。
Geng Hao came from Julu. He had been born Linggui. His forebears fled the chaos of the Liu and Shi regimes to Liaodong and entered the service of Yan. His great-grandfather Chao led his followers in submitting to Wei and settled the family at Shenwu River.
19
豪少麄獷，有武藝，好以氣淩人。 賀拔岳西征，引為帳內。 岳被害，歸太祖，以武勇見知。 豪亦自謂所事得主。 從討侯莫陳悅及迎魏孝武，錄前後功，封平原縣子，邑三百戶，除寧朔將軍、奉車都尉。 遷征虜將軍，加通直散騎常侍，進爵為侯，增邑七百戶。 從擒竇泰，復弘農，豪先鋒陷陣，加前將軍、中散大夫。 沙苑之戰，豪殺傷甚多，血染甲裳盡赤。 太祖見之，歎曰：「令貴武猛，所向無前，觀其甲裳，足以為驗，不須更論級數也。」 於是進爵為公，增邑通前一千五百戶。 除鎮北將軍、金紫光祿大夫、南郢州刺史。
Young Hao was rough and fierce, skilled in arms, and prone to browbeat others. When He Ba Yue marched west, he took Hao into his personal staff. After He Ba Yue was murdered, Hao entered Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai's service and won notice for martial valor. Hao also felt he had found the right master. Campaigning against Houmochen Yue and escorting Emperor Xiaowu of Wei west, he was rewarded for his service with Baron of Pingyuan County and three hundred households, General Who Pacifies the North, and commandant of the imperial carriages. He was promoted to General Who Captures Foes and regular attendant of unimpeded access, raised to marquis, and given seven hundred more households. At the capture of Dou Tai and the recovery of Hongnong, Hao led the vanguard through the enemy lines and was made forward general and palace attendant. At Shaye, Hao killed and wounded many; blood soaked his armor and robes until they were wholly red. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai saw it and sighed, "Linggui fights with brutal force and nothing stands before him. His blood-soaked armor is proof enough—no need to quibble over grades of merit." He thereupon raised Hao to duke and increased his fief to one thousand five hundred households in all. He was made General Who Pacifies the North, golden grandee of the purple dawn, and inspector of South Ying Province.
20
九年，從太祖戰於邙山，豪謂所部曰：「大丈夫見賊，須右手拔刀，左手把矛，直刺直斫，慎莫皺眉畏死。」 遂大呼獨入，敵人鋒刃亂下，當時咸謂豪歿。 俄然奮刀而還。 戰數合，當豪前者，死傷相繼。 又謂左右曰：「吾豈樂殺人，但壯士除賊，不得不爾。 若不能殺賊，又不為人所傷，何異逐坐人也。」 太祖嘉之，拜北雍州刺史。 十三年，論前後戰功，進授車騎大將軍、儀同三司，增邑通前一千八百戶。 十五年，賜姓和稽氏，進位侍中、驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司。
In the ninth year, fighting with Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai at Mount Mang, Hao told his men, "A true man meeting the enemy draws his sword with his right hand and his spear with his left, thrusting and hacking straight on—never shrink from death." Then he shouted and charged in alone; enemy blades rained down, and every man who stood before him fell wounded or dead. Presently he flourished his blade and fought his way back. After several clashes, whoever faced Hao was wounded or killed in turn. He told his attendants, "Do I delight in killing? A fighting man clearing out bandits cannot do otherwise. If you cannot kill the enemy and are not wounded either, you might as well be chasing men who sit still." Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai praised him and made him inspector of North Yong Province. In the thirteenth year his battle merits were reviewed and he was promoted to General of Chariots and Cavalry with Three-Duke honors; his fief reached one thousand eight hundred households in all. In the fifteenth year he was granted the surname Heji and advanced to attendant-in-ordinary, grand general of agile cavalry, and grand master of the palace with Three-Duke rank.
21
豪性凶悍，言多不遜。 太祖惜其驍勇，每優容之。 豪亦自謂意氣冠群，終無所屈。 李穆、蔡佑初與豪同時開府，後竝居豪之右。 豪意不平，謂太祖曰：「外聞物議，謂豪勝李穆、蔡佑。」 太祖曰：「何以言之？」 豪曰：「世言李穆、蔡佑，丞相臂膊； 耿豪、王勇，丞相咽項。 以咽項在上，故為勝也。」 豪之麄猛，皆此類。 十六年，卒，時年四十五。 太祖痛惜之，贈以本官，加朔州刺史。 子雄嗣，位至大將軍。
Hao was fierce by nature and often spoke insolently. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai valued his fighting spirit and always indulged him. Hao also believed his spirit outmatched everyone else and would never bow to another. Li Mu and Cai You had opened grand masterships together with Hao, but later both ranked above him. Resentful, Hao told Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai, "People outside say I surpass Li Mu and Cai You." The Grand Progenitor asked, "How so?" Hao said, "People say Li Mu and Cai You are the chancellor's arms and forearms; Geng Hao and Wang Yong guard the chancellor like throat and nape. The throat and nape are above, so we are superior." Hao's roughness and bravado were all of this kind. He died in the sixteenth year, aged forty-five. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai grieved for him, posthumously confirmed his offices, and added inspector of Shuo Province. His son Xiong succeeded him and rose to grand general.
22
高琳字季珉，其先高句麗人也。 六世祖欽，為質於慕容廆，遂仕於燕。 五世祖宗，率衆歸魏，拜第一領民酋長，賜姓羽真氏。 祖明、父遷仕魏，咸亦顯達。 琳母嘗祓禊泗濱，遇見一石，光彩朗潤，遂持以歸。 是夜夢見一人，衣冠有若仙者，謂其母曰：「夫人向所將來之石，是浮磬之精。 若能寶持，必生令子。」 其母驚寤，便舉身流汗，俄而有娠。 及生，因名琳字季珉焉。
Gao Lin, styled Jimin, came from Goguryeo stock. His sixth-generation ancestor Qin was sent as a hostage to Murong Hui and entered Yan's service. His fifth-generation ancestor Zong led his followers in submitting to Wei, was made first chief of settled peoples, and granted the surname Yuzhen. His grandfather Ming and father Qian served Wei and both rose to prominence. Lin's mother once performed the river purification rite on the Si bank, found a bright, lustrous stone, and took it home. That night she dreamed of a robed, immortal-like man who told her, "The stone you brought back is the essence of a floating chime-stone. Treasure it, and you will surely bear an outstanding son. She started awake in alarm, broke out in a sweat, and soon conceived. When he was born they therefore named him Lin and styled him Jimin.
23
魏正光初，起家衛府都督。 從元天穆討邢杲，破梁將 （沉） 〔陳〕慶之，以功轉統軍。 又從爾朱天光破万俟醜奴，論功為最，除寧朔將軍、奉車都尉。 後隨天光敗於韓陵山，琳因留洛陽。
At the start of the Wei Zhenguang era he entered service as a guard-office area commander. He followed Yuan Tianmu against Xing Gao and defeated the Liang general [Textual note: Shen] Chen Qingzhi, and for his merit was made army commander. He again followed Erzhu Tianguang in defeating Wan Qidu Chounu, won top credit, and was made General Who Pacifies the North and commandant of the imperial carriages. Later, when Tianguang was defeated at Hanling Mountain, Lin stayed behind in Luoyang.
24
魏孝武西遷，從入關。 至溱水，為齊神武所追，拒戰有功，封鉅野縣子，邑三百戶。 大統初，進爵為侯，增邑四百戶，轉龍驤將軍。 頃之，授直閣將軍，遷平西將軍，加通直散騎常侍。 三年，從太祖破齊神武於沙苑，轉安西將軍，進爵為公，增邑八百戶。 累遷衛將軍、銀青光祿大夫、右光祿大夫。 四年，從擒莫多婁貸文。 仍戰河橋，琳先驅奮擊，勇冠諸軍。 太祖嘉之，謂之曰：「公卽我之韓、白也。」 拜太子左庶子。 尋以本官鎮玉壁。 復從太祖戰邙山，除正平郡 （中正） 〔守〕，加大都督，增邑三百戶。 齊將東方老來寇，琳率衆禦之。 老恃其勇健，直前趣琳。 短兵接，琳擊之，老中數瘡而退，謂其左右曰：「吾經陣多矣，未見如此健兒。」 後乃密使人勸琳東歸，琳斬其使以聞。 進使持節、車騎大將軍、儀同三司、散騎常侍。 除鄜州刺史，加驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司、侍中。
When Emperor Xiaowu of Wei moved west, he followed him through the passes. At the Zhen River he was pursued by Gao Huan; fighting a rearguard action with merit, he was enfeoffed Baron of Juye County with three hundred households. At the start of Datong he was raised to marquis, given four hundred more households, and made General of Dragon Might. Before long he was made direct palace general and General Who Pacifies the West, with regular attendant of unimpeded access. In the third year he followed Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai in defeating Gao Huan at Shaye, was made General Who Pacifies the West, raised to duke, and given eight hundred more households. He rose to guard general, silver grandee of the splendid dawn, and right grandee of the splendid dawn. In the fourth year he helped capture Moduolou Daiwen. He fought again at River Bridge; Lin led the vanguard in a fierce charge and his courage topped every army. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai praised him and said, "You are my Han Xin and Bai Qi." He was appointed left assistant to the heir apparent. Soon, retaining his rank, he garrisoned Yubi. He again fought with Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai at Mount Mang and was made administrator of Zhengping commandery [Textual note: Zhongzheng] commandery administrator [emended from zhongzheng]; grand area commander; three hundred more households. When Qi general Dongfang Lao raided, Lin led the troops to repel him. Lao trusted his strength and pressed straight at Lin. At close quarters Lin struck him; Lao took several wounds and withdrew, telling his men, "I have fought in many battles, but never seen such a fighting man." Later he secretly sent men to urge Lin to defect east; Lin executed the envoys and reported it. He was promoted to bearer of the staff, General of Chariots and Cavalry, Three-Duke honors, and regular attendant-in-ordinary. He was made inspector of Mei Province, with grand general of agile cavalry, grand master of the palace with Three-Duke rank, and attendant-in-ordinary.
25
孝閔帝踐阼，進爵犍為郡公，邑一千戶。 武成初，從賀蘭祥征吐谷渾，以勳別封一子許昌縣公，邑一千戶，除延州刺史。 又從柱國豆盧甯討稽胡郝阿保、劉桑德等，破之。 二年，文州氐酋反，詔琳率兵討平之。 師還，帝宴羣公卿士，仍命賦詩言志。 琳詩末章云：「寄言竇車騎，為謝霍將軍，何以報天子？ 沙漠靜妖氛。」 帝大悅曰：「獯獫陸梁，未時款塞，卿言有驗，國之福也。」。
When Emperor Xiaomin took the throne, he was raised to Duke of Jianwei commandery with one thousand households. At the start of Wucheng he followed Helan Xiang against Tuyuhun; for merit one son was separately enfeoffed Duke of Xuchang County with one thousand households, and he was made inspector of Yan Province. He again followed pillar-of-state Doulu Ning against the Ji barbarians Hao Abao, Liu Sangde, and others and defeated them. In the second year the Di chieftains of Wen Province rebelled; Lin was ordered to lead troops and pacify them. When the army returned, the emperor feasted the nobles and ministers and ordered them to compose poems on their aspirations. The final stanza of Lin's poem ran, "Send word to General of Agile Cavalry Dou, and thank General Huo—how shall we repay the Son of Heaven? Baleful mists over the desert lie still." The emperor was greatly pleased and said, "The Xiongnu are still unruly and have not yet submitted at the frontier; your words have been proved—this is the realm's good fortune.”
26
子儒，少以父勳賜爵許昌 （郡） 〔縣〕公，拜左侍上士。 後襲爵犍為郡公，位至儀同大將軍。
His son Ru, while still young, was enfeoffed at Xuchang for his father's merit [Textual note: commandery] He was enfeoffed as Duke of Xuchang county and made Left Attendant Upper Gentleman. He later succeeded as Duke of Jianwei and rose to Honorary Peer Grand General.
27
李和本名慶和，其先隴西狄道人也。 後徙居朔方。 父僧養，以累世雄豪，善於統御，為夏州酋長。
Li He was born Qinghe; his family came from Didao in Longxi. The clan later relocated to Shuofang. His father Sengyang, a hereditary strongman skilled in leadership, became chieftain of Xia.
28
和少敢勇，有識度，狀貌魁偉，為州里所推。 賀拔岳作鎮關中，乃引和為帳內都督。 以破諸賊功，稍遷征北將軍、金紫光祿大夫，賜爵思陽公。 尋除漢陽郡守。 治存寬簡，百姓稱之。
In youth Li He was daring and clear-sighted, tall and imposing, and widely respected in the region. When Heba Yue governed Guanzhong, he took Li He into his personal staff as tent commander. Merit against the bandits brought him step by step to General Who Pacifies the North and Golden Grandee of the Purple Dawn, with the title Duke of Siyang. He was soon appointed administrator of Hanyang. He governed with leniency and restraint, and the people praised him.
29
至大統初，加車騎將軍、左光祿大夫、都督，累遷使持節、車騎大將軍、儀同三司、散騎常侍、侍中、驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司、夏州刺史，賜姓宇文氏。 太祖嘗謂諸將曰：「宇文慶和，智略明贍，立身恭謹，累經委任，每稱吾意。」 遂賜名意焉。 改封永豐縣公，邑一千戶。 保定二年，除司憲中大夫，進爵義城郡公。 尋又改封德廣郡公，出為洛州刺史。 和前在夏州，頗留遺惠，及有此授，商洛父老，莫不想望德音。 和至州，以仁恕訓物，獄訟為之簡靜。 天和三年，進位大將軍，拜延綏丹三州武安伏夷安民三防諸軍事、延州刺史。 六年，進柱國大將軍。 建德元年，改授延綏銀三州文安伏夷安民周昌梁和五防諸軍事。 以罪免。 尋復柱國。
At the opening of Datong he received the ranks of General of Chariots and Cavalry, Left Grandee of Glorious Affairs, and area commander, then rose through Bearer of the Staff of Authority, Grand General of Chariots and Cavalry, Honorary Peer Three Excellencies, Regular Attendant-in-Ordinary, Palace Attendant, Grand General of Agile Cavalry, and Grand Master of Splendid State with Honorary Peer Three Excellencies, became inspector of Xia, and was granted the surname Yuwen. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai once told his officers, "Yuwen Qinghe is shrewd and dependable; in every post I have given him he has done exactly as I wished." So he was given the personal name Yi. His title was changed to Duke of Yongfeng with a fief of one thousand households. In Baoding year 2 he became Middle Grandee of the Court of Justice and was raised to Duke of Yicheng. Soon he was made Duke of Deguang and sent out as inspector of Luo. During his earlier tenure at Xia he had left the people with lasting goodwill; when this new appointment came, elders throughout Shang and Luo looked to him with hope. At Luo he governed with mercy and restraint, and the courts grew calm. In Tianhe year 3 he was made grand general and given command of Yan, Sui, and Dan, with authority over the Wuan, Fuyi, and Anmin garrisons, and became inspector of Yan. In the sixth year he was raised to pillar-of-state grand general. In Jiande year 1 his command was changed to Yan, Sui, and Yin, with authority over the five garrisons Wen'an, Fuyi, Anmin, Zhouchang, and Lianghe. He was removed from office for an offense. He was soon restored to pillar-of-state rank.
30
隋開皇元年，遷上柱國。 和立身剛簡，老而逾勵，諸子趨事，若奉嚴君。 以意是太祖賜名，市朝已革，慶和則父之所命，義不可違。 至是，遂以和為名。 二年，薨，贈本官，加司徒公、徐兗邳沂海泗六州刺史。 諡曰肅。 子徹嗣。
In Sui Kaichu year 1 he was made supreme pillar-of-state. Li He remained upright and austere to the end, growing only stricter with age; his sons served him as though he were a severe father. Yi had been a name given by Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai, but the dynasty had changed; Qinghe was his father's gift, and that bond could not be set aside. He therefore resumed the name He. In the second year he died and was posthumously given his former rank plus Duke of the Minister of Education and inspector of six prefectures including Xu, Yan, Pi, Yi, Hai, and Si. His posthumous name was Su (Solemn). His son Che succeeded him.
31
伊婁穆
Yi Lou Mu
32
伊婁穆字奴干，代人也。 父靈，善騎射，為太祖所知。 太祖嘗謂之曰：「昔伊尹保衡於殷，致主堯舜。 卿旣姓伊，庶卿不替前緒。」 於是賜名尹焉。 歷金紫光祿大夫、衛將軍、隆州刺史，賜爵盧奴縣公。
Yi Lou Mu, styled Nugan, came from Dai. His father Ling was an expert horse-archer and came to Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai's notice. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai once told him, "Long ago Yi Yin and Baoding served Yin and raised their ruler to the level of Yao and Shun. Your surname is already Yi; I trust you will not fall short of that legacy." He was therefore given the personal name Yin. He served as Golden Grandee of the Purple Dawn, Guard General, and inspector of Long, and was enfeoffed Duke of Lunu.
33
穆弱冠為太祖內親信，以機辯見知，授奉朝請，常侍左右。 邙山之役，力戰有功，拜子都督、丞相府參軍事，轉外兵參軍。 累遷帥都督、平東將軍、中散大夫，歷中書舍人、尚書駕部郎中、撫軍將軍、大都督、通直散騎常侍。 嘗入白事，太祖望見悅之，字之曰：「奴干作儀同面見我矣。」 於是拜車騎大將軍、儀同三司，賜封安陽縣伯，邑五百戶。 轉大丞相府掾，遷從事中郎，除給事黃門侍郎。
In his early twenties Mu became one of Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai's personal attendants; his quick wit won notice, and he was made Court Gentleman for Palace Service and kept constantly at the Grand Progenitor's side. At Mount Mang he fought fiercely and well, was made junior area commander and staff officer in the chancellor's office, then transferred to the external-army staff. He rose through area commander, General Who Pacifies the East, and Palace Grandee of the Scattered Cavalry, then served as secretariat draftsman, bureau chief of the Chariot Office, General Who Pacifies the Army, grand area commander, and Regular Attendant-in-Ordinary, Direct Transmission. Once, entering to report, he was seen from afar by Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai, who was delighted and said by his style, "Nugan, you have made Honorary Peer rank and come before me in person." He was at once made Grand General of Chariots and Cavalry and Honorary Peer Three Excellencies, and enfeoffed Baron of Anyang with five hundred households. He became a staff officer in the Grand Chancellor's office, rose to Attendant Gentleman, and was appointed Chief of the Yellow Gate, Attendant-in-Service.
34
魏廢帝二年，穆使於蜀。 屬伍城郡人趙雄傑與梓潼郡人王令公、鄧朏等構逆，衆三萬餘人，阻涪水立柵，進逼潼州。 穆遂與刺史叱羅協率兵破之。 增邑五百戶。
In Deposed Emperor of Wei year 2 Mu was sent on mission to Shu. Zhao Xiongjie of Wucheng and Wang Linggong of Zitong, together with Deng Fei and others, rebelled with more than thirty thousand men, fortified the Fu River, and pressed Tong Prefecture. Mu joined Inspector Chiluo Xie, routed the rebels, and relieved the prefecture. His fief was enlarged by five hundred households.
35
孝閔帝踐阼，拜兵部中大夫，治御正，進爵為侯，增邑五百戶。 尋進位驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司。 保定初，授軍司馬，進爵為公。 四年，除金州總管、八州諸軍事、金州刺史。 天和二年，增邑二千一百戶。 又為民部中大夫。
When Emperor Xiaomin ascended the throne, Mu became Middle Grandee of the Ministry of War with charge of the Bureau of Imperial Rectification, was raised to marquis, and gained five hundred more households. He was soon made Grand General of Agile Cavalry and Grand Master of Splendid State with Honorary Peer Three Excellencies. At the opening of Baoding he became Army Master of Horse and was raised to duke. In the fourth year he was made military commissioner of Jin with authority over eight prefectures and became inspector of Jin. In Tianhe year 2 his fief grew by twenty-one hundred households. He was again appointed Middle Grandee of the Ministry of Revenue.
36
衛公直出鎮襄州，以穆為長史。 郢州城民王道肯反，襲據州城。 直遣穆率百餘騎馳往援之。 穆至城下，頻破肯衆。 會大將軍高琳率衆軍繼進，肯等乃降。 唐州山蠻恃險逆命，穆率軍討之。 蠻酋等保據石窟一十四處，穆分軍進討，旬有四日，竝破之，虜獲六千五百人。 六年，進位大將軍。 建德初。 授荊州，復以穆為總管府長史。 穆頻貳戚藩，甚得匡贊之譽。
When Duke of Wei Zhi took command at Xiang, Mu became his chief clerk. Wang Daoken, a resident of Ying city, rebelled and seized the prefectural seat by surprise. Zhi sent Mu with a little over a hundred horsemen to ride to the rescue. Below the walls Mu broke Daoken's force again and again. Grand General Gao Lin then arrived with the main army, and Daoken surrendered. The mountain tribes of Tang relied on rough country and refused submission; Mu marched against them. The chiefs held fourteen cliff caves; Mu split his force and attacked; in fourteen days all were taken, with sixty-five hundred captives. In the sixth year he was made grand general. At the opening of Jiande. When Jing was reassigned, Mu was again made chief clerk of the military commissionerate. Serving repeatedly as deputy to imperial princes, Mu won wide praise for steady counsel.
37
入為小司馬。 從柱國李穆平軹關等城，賞布帛三百疋、粟三百石、田三十頃。 五年，從皇太子討吐谷渾。 還，穆殿，為渾人圍。 會劉雄救至，乃得解。 後以疾卒。
He returned to court as Junior Master of Horse. He followed Pillar-of-State Li Mu in taking Zhi Pass and neighboring cities and was rewarded with three hundred bolts of silk, three hundred shi of grain, and thirty qing of land. In the fifth year he joined the Crown Prince's campaign against Tuyuhun. On the march home Mu commanded the rearguard and was surrounded by Tuyuhun forces. Liu Xiong arrived with relief, and he broke free. He later died of illness.
38
楊紹字子安，弘農華陰人也。 祖興，魏新平郡守。 父國，中散大夫。
Yang Shao, styled Zi'an, came from Huayin in Hongnong. His grandfather Xing had been administrator of Xinping under Wei. His father Guo had served as palace grandee of the scattered cavalry.
39
紹少慷慨有志略，屢從征伐，力戰有功。 魏永安中，授廣武將軍、屯騎校尉、直蕩別將。 普泰初，封平鄉男，邑一百戶，加征西將軍，金紫光祿大夫。
In youth Yang Shao was bold and far-sighted; he fought in many campaigns and won repeated distinction. During Wei's Yong'an era he was made General of Broad Might, Commandant of the Wagon-and-Horse, and Separate Commander of Direct Advance. At the opening of Putai he was enfeoffed Baron of Pingxiang with one hundred households and also given General Who Conquers the West and Golden Grandee of the Purple Dawn.
40
復從大將軍達奚武征漢中。 時梁宜豐侯蕭循固守梁州。 紹以為懸軍敵境，圍守堅城，曠日持久，糧饟不繼，城中若致死於我，懼不能歸，請為計以誘之。 乃頻至城下挑戰，設伏待之。 循初不肯出。 紹又遣人罵辱之，循怒，果出兵，紹率衆偽退。 城降。 以功授輔國將軍、中散大夫，聽回授一子。
He again joined Grand General Daxi Wu's campaign against Hanzhong. Liang's Marquis of Yifeng, Xiao Xun, was then holding Liang Province in a stubborn defense. Shao argued that an army deep in enemy country, pinning a strong city while supplies ran out, risked a desperate sally they might not survive; he asked leave to lure the defenders out. He rode repeatedly to the walls to offer battle and laid ambushes nearby. At first Xiao Xun refused to sally. Shao sent men to hurl abuse; Xun, enraged, marched out, and Shao feigned retreat with his troops. The defenders opened the gates. For this feat he was made General Who Supports the State and Palace Grandee of the Scattered Cavalry, with permission to pass the honor to a son.
41
又從柱國、燕國公于謹圍江陵。 紹鬬於枇杷門，流矢中股而力戰不衰。 事平，賞奴婢一百口，進驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司，除衡州刺史，賜姓叱利氏。 孝閔帝踐阼，進位大將軍。 保定二年，卒，贈成文等八州刺史。 諡曰信。 子雄嗣，大象末，上柱國、邽國公。
He again followed Pillar-of-State Yu Jin, Duke of Yan, in the siege of Jiangling. At Pipa Gate an arrow struck his thigh, yet Yang Shao fought on without slackening. After the victory he received one hundred slaves, was raised to Grand General of Agile Cavalry and Grand Master of Splendid State with Honorary Peer Three Excellencies, made inspector of Heng, and granted the surname Chilu. When Emperor Xiaomin ascended the throne, he was made grand general. In Baoding year 2 he died and was posthumously made inspector of eight prefectures including Cheng and Wen. His posthumous name was Xin (Trustworthy). His son Xiong succeeded him; by the end of Daxiang he was supreme pillar-of-state and Duke of Gui.
42
王雅字度容，闡熙新 （固） 〔囶〕人也。 少而沉毅，木訥寡言，有膽勇，善騎射。 太祖聞其名，召入軍，累有戰功。 除都督，賜爵居庸縣子。
Wang Ya, styled Durong, came from Chanxi Xin [Textual note: Gu] He was a native of Chanxi Xingu. From youth Wang Ya was grave and steady, taciturn, brave, and expert at horse-archery. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai heard of him, called him into service, and he won repeated honors in battle. He was made area commander and enfeoffed Viscount of Juyong.
43
東魏將竇泰入寇，雅從太祖擒之于潼關。 沙苑之戰，雅謂所部曰：「彼軍殆有百萬，今我不滿萬人，以常理論之，實難與敵。 但相公神武命世，股肱王室，以順討逆，豈計衆寡。 丈夫若不以此時破賊，何用生為！」 乃擐甲步戰，所向披靡，太祖壯之。 又從戰邙山。 時大軍不利，為敵所乘，諸將皆引退，雅獨回騎拒之。 敵人見其無繼，步騎競進。 雅左右奮擊，頻斬九級，敵衆稍卻，雅乃還軍。 太祖歎曰：「王雅舉身悉是膽也。」 錄前後功，進爵為伯，除帥都督、鄜城郡守。 政尚簡易，吏人安之。 遷大都督、延州刺史，轉夏州刺史，加車騎大將軍、儀同三司，進驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司。
When Eastern Wei's general Dou Tai invaded, Wang Ya followed Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai and helped capture him at Tong Pass. At Shaye Wang Ya told his troops, "They may field near a million men while we are fewer than ten thousand; by ordinary reckoning we cannot stand against them. But our Prime Minister is divinely martial, the royal house's mainstay—when the righteous march against rebels, who counts numbers? If a man won't break the enemy now, what use is living!" He buckled on armor and fought on foot, cutting through every line; Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai was impressed. He fought again at Mount Mang. When the main force faltered and the enemy pressed its advantage, every general fell back except Ya, who turned his horse and held them off. Seeing he had no reinforcements, the enemy infantry and cavalry surged forward together. He and his companions fought fiercely, taking nine heads in succession; the enemy fell back a little, and Ya rejoined the army. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai sighed and said, "Wang Ya is nothing but gall from head to foot." For his services before and after, he was raised to baron, made commander-in-chief, and appointed administrator of Fucheng. He governed with plain simplicity, and officials and people alike were at ease. He rose to grand area commander and inspector of Yan, then inspector of Xia; he received the ranks of Grand General of Chariots and Cavalry and Honorary Peer Three Excellencies, and was advanced to Grand General of Agile Cavalry and Grand Master of Splendid State with Honorary Peer Three Excellencies.
44
世宗初，除汾州刺史。 勵精為治，人庶悅而附之，自遠至者七百餘家。 保定初，復為夏州刺史，卒于州。
When Emperor Shizong took the throne, he was made inspector of Fen. He threw himself into good government; the people gladly rallied to him, and more than seven hundred households came from distant places to settle. At the start of Baoding he returned as inspector of Xia and died in office.
45
子世積嗣。 少倜儻有文武幹略。 大象末，上大將軍、宜陽郡公。
His son Shiji succeeded him. In youth Shiji was bold and capable in both letters and arms. By the end of Daxiang he had risen to supreme grand general and Duke of Yiyang.
46
達奚寔
Da Xishi
47
達奚寔字什伏代，河南洛陽人也。 高祖涼州，魏征西將軍、山陽公。 父顯相，武衛將軍。
Da Xishi, styled Shifudai, came from Luoyang in Henan. His high ancestor had served as inspector of Liang and held the Wei rank of General Who Conquers the West and Duke of Shanyang. His father Xiansiang was General of the Martial Guard.
48
寔少修立，有幹局。 起家給事中，加冠軍將軍。 魏孝武初，授都督，鎮弘農。 後從西遷，封臨汾縣伯，邑六百戶。 遷大行臺郎中，仍與行臺郎神鎮潼關。 及潼關失守，卽與大都督陽山武戰于關，東魏人甚憚之。 從太祖擒竇泰，復弘農，破沙苑，皆力戰有功，增邑三百戶，加車騎將軍、左光祿大夫。 十三年，又授大行臺郎中、相府掾，轉從事中郎。 寔性嚴重，太祖深器之。 累遷大都督、持節、通直散騎常侍。 魏廢帝二年，除中外府司馬。
Da Xishi in youth was upright and capable. He entered service as an attendant within the palace and was given the added rank of General Who Conquers the Champions. Early in Emperor Xiaowu of Wei's reign he was made area commander and posted to Hongnong. After the western removal he was enfeoffed Baron of Linfen with six hundred households. He became bureau director of the grand commissionerate and still garrisoned Tong Pass together with Langshen of the commissionerate staff. When Tong Pass fell he fought at the pass alongside Grand Area Commander Yang Shanwu, and the Eastern Wei forces feared them greatly. Following Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai he helped capture Dou Tai, retake Hongnong, and win at Shaye, earning credit in each fight; his fief rose by three hundred households, and he received General of Chariots and Cavalry and Left Grandee of Glorious Affairs. In year 13 he was again made bureau director of the grand commissionerate and staff member of the chancellor's office, then transferred to attendant gentleman-of-the-palace. Da Xishi was stern and weighty in character, and Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai prized him highly. He rose in succession to grand area commander, bearer of the staff of authority, and regular attendant through direct connection of the scattered cavalry. In Deposed Emperor year 2 he was made army marshal of the central and external office.
49
大軍伐蜀，以寔行南岐州事，兼都軍糧。 先是，山氐生獷，不供賦役，歷世羈縻，莫能制御。 寔導之以政，氐人感悅，竝從賦稅。 於是大軍糧餼，咸取給焉。 尋徵還，仍為司馬。 六官建，拜蕃部中大夫，加驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司，進爵平陽縣公。 武成二年，授禦正中大夫，治民部，兼晉公護司馬。
When the main force marched on Shu, Da Xishi was put in charge of Southern Qi and also directed all army provisions. Before this the mountain Di were wild and refused taxes and corvée; for generations they had been loosely controlled, and no one could subdue them. Da Xishi governed them patiently; the Di were moved and willingly paid taxes and tribute. From then on the army drew its provisions from them. He was soon recalled and resumed his post as army marshal. When the Six Offices were established he became Middle Grandee of the Barbarian Department, received Grand General of Agile Cavalry and Grand Master of Splendid State with Honorary Peer Three Excellencies, and was raised to Duke of Pingyang. In Wucheng year 2 he was made Middle Grandee of Correct Attendance, head of the People Department, and also served as army marshal to Duke of Jin Yuwen Hu.
50
保定元年，出為文州刺史，卒于州，時年四十九。 贈文康二州刺史。 諡曰恭。 子豐嗣。
In Baoding year 1 he was sent out as inspector of Wen and died there at forty-nine. He was posthumously made inspector of Wen and Kang. His posthumous name was Gong (Respectful). His son Feng succeeded him.
51
劉雄字猛雀，臨洮子城人也。 少機辯，慷慨有大志。 大統中，起家為太祖親信。 尋授統軍、宣威將軍、給事中，除子城令，加都督、輔國將軍、中散大夫，兼中書舍人，賜姓宇文氏。 孝閔帝踐阼，加大都督，曆司市下大夫，齊右下大夫，治小駕部，進車騎大將軍、儀同三司。 保定四年，治中外府屬，從征洛陽。
Liu Xiong, styled Mengque, came from Zicheng in Lintao. In youth Liu Xiong was quick-witted and eloquent, open-handed and ambitious. During Datong he entered service as a trusted aide of Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai. He was soon made army commander, General Who Proclaims Might, and palace attendant, appointed magistrate of Zicheng, given the added ranks of area commander, General Who Assists the State, and Palace Attendant Scattered Within, made concurrent palace secretariat attendant, and granted the surname Yuwen. When Emperor Xiaomin ascended the throne he was made grand area commander, served as Lower Grandee of the Market Office and Lower Right Grandee of Qi, headed the Minor Escort Department, and rose to Grand General of Chariots and Cavalry and Honorary Peer Three Excellencies. In Baoding year 4 he served on the staff of the central and external office and joined the Luoyang campaign.
52
天和二年，遷駕部中大夫，四年，兼齊公憲府掾，從憲出宜陽，築安義等城。 五年，齊相斛律明月率衆築通關城以援宜陽。 先是，國家與齊通好，約言各保境息民，不相侵擾。 至是，憲以齊人失信，令雄使于明月，責其背約。 雄辭義辯直，齊人憚焉。 使還，兼中 （府） 外〔府〕掾。 尋加驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司，封周昌縣伯，邑六百戶。 齊人又于姚襄築伏龍等五城，以處戍卒。 雄從齊公憲攻之，五城皆拔。 憲復遣雄與柱國宇文盛于齊長城已西，連營防禦。 齊將段孝先等率衆圍盛。 營外先有長塹，大將軍韓歡與孝先交戰不利，雄身負排，率所部二十餘人，據塹力戰，孝先等乃止。 軍還，遷軍司馬，進爵為侯，邑一千四百戶。
In Tianhe year 2 he became Middle Grandee of the Chariot Department; in year 4 he also served on Duke of Qi Yuwen Xian's staff, followed Xian to Yiyang, and built cities including Anyi. In year 5 Northern Qi's chancellor Hulu Mingyue led troops to build Tongguan city in support of Yiyang. Earlier the two states were at peace with Qi, having pledged to keep to their borders and leave the people in peace. Xian, holding Qi in breach of faith, sent Liu Xiong as envoy to Hulu Mingyue to denounce the broken pact. Liu Xiong spoke with force and frank eloquence, and the Qi side held him in awe. On return from his mission he was also made a [Textual note: office] staff member of the central and external office. He was soon raised to Grand General of Agile Cavalry and Grand Master of Splendid State with Honorary Peer Three Excellencies and enfeoffed Baron of Zhoucheng with six hundred households. The Qi forces also built five garrison cities including Fulong at Yao Xiang. Liu Xiong followed Duke of Qi Yuwen Xian in the attack and all five cities fell. Xian then sent Liu Xiong with pillar-of-state Yuwen Sheng to link camps in defense west of the Qi Great Wall. Northern Qi general Duan Xiaoxian and others led troops to besiege Yuwen Sheng. A long trench lay outside the camp; when Great General Han Huan fought Duan Xiaoxian and faltered, Liu Xiong took up a shield himself, led a little over twenty men, and held the trench in hard fighting until Xiaoxian broke off. After the army returned he was made army marshal, raised to marquis, and given a fief of fourteen hundred households.
53
建德初，授納言，轉軍正，復為納言。 二年，轉內史中大夫，除 （侯） 〔候〕正。 高祖嘗從容謂雄曰：「古人云：『富貴不歸故鄉，猶衣錦夜遊。』 今以卿為本州，何如？」 雄稽首拜謝。 於是詔以雄為河州刺史。 雄先已為本縣令，復有此授，鄉里榮之。 四年，從柱國李穆出軹關，攻邵州等城，拔之。 以功獲賞。
At the start of Jiande he was made recorder, then army rectifier, and again recorder. In year 2 he was transferred to Middle Grandee of the Masters of Writing and appointed [Textual note: marquis] commandant. Emperor Gaozu once said to Liu Xiong in an easy tone, "The ancients said, 'Wealth and honor that never return to one's home are like wearing brocade on a night walk. How would you like to be made governor of your home province?" Liu Xiong kowtowed in thanks. An edict thereupon made Liu Xiong inspector of He. He had already served as magistrate of his home county, and this new honor brought glory to his home district. In year 4 he followed pillar-of-state Li Mu out through Zhi Pass, attacked Shao and other cities, and took them. He was rewarded for his merit.
54
五 （千） 〔年〕，皇太子西征吐谷渾，雄自涼州從滕王逌率軍先入渾境，去伏侯城二百餘里，逌遣雄先至城東舉火，與大軍相應。 渾洮王率七百餘騎逆戰。 雄時所部數百人先並分遣斥候，在左右者二十許人。 雄卽率與交戰，斬首七十餘級，雄亦亡其三騎。 自是從逌連戰之，雄功居多，賞物甚厚。 及軍還，伊婁穆殿，為賊所圍。 皇太子命雄救之。 雄率騎一千解穆圍。 增邑三百戶，加上開府儀同三司。
In the fifth [Textual note: thousand] year, the Crown Prince marched west against Tuyuhun; Liu Xiong set out from Liang with Prince of Teng Yu, entered Tuyuhun territory first, and when still more than two hundred li from Fuhou city Yu sent him ahead to light signal fires east of the city to coordinate with the main force. The Tuyuhun King of Tao met them with more than seven hundred cavalry. Liu Xiong had only a few hundred men and had already sent out scouts; about twenty remained at his side. He led those men into battle, took more than seventy heads, and lost three horsemen of his own. From then on he fought under Yu in one engagement after another; Liu Xiong's share of the credit was the largest, and his rewards were lavish. On the march home Yi Lou Mu commanded the rearguard and was surrounded by the enemy. The Crown Prince ordered Liu Xiong to relieve him. Liu Xiong led one thousand cavalry and broke the siege around Mu. His fief rose by three hundred households and he received supreme opening-establishment honorary peer three excellencies.
55
其年，大軍東討，雄從齊王憲拔洪洞，下永安。 軍還，仍與憲廻援晉州。 未至，齊後主已率大兵親自攻圍，晉州垂陷。 憲遣雄先往察其軍勢。 雄乃率步騎千人，鳴鼓角，遙報城中。 尋而高祖兵至，齊主遁走。 從平幷州，拜上大將軍，進爵趙郡公，邑二千戶，舊封廻授一子。 明年，從平鄴城，進柱國。 其年，從齊王憲總北討稽胡。 軍還，出鎮幽州。
That year, on the eastern campaign, Liu Xiong followed Prince of Qi Yuwen Xian in taking Hongdong and Yong'an. On the return march he turned back with Xian to relieve Jizhou. Before they arrived, Northern Qi's emperor had already come in person with a great host to besiege Jizhou, which was near collapse. Xian sent Liu Xiong ahead to scout the enemy strength. Liu Xiong led a thousand mixed troops, sounded drums and horns, and signaled the city from afar. Soon Emperor Gaozu's army arrived and the Qi ruler fled. After the pacification of Bing Province he was made supreme grand general, raised to Duke of Zhao with a fief of two thousand households, and his earlier title was transferred to a son. The next year, after the fall of Ye, he was made pillar-of-state. That same year he joined Prince of Qi Yuwen Xian in the northern campaign against the Ji Hu. After the army returned he was posted to garrison You.
56
宣政元年四月，突厥寇幽州，擁略居民。 雄出戰，為突厥所圍，臨陣戰歿。 贈亳州總管、七州諸軍事、亳州刺史。 子昇嗣。 以雄死王事，大象末，授儀同大將軍。
In the fourth month of Xuanzheng year 1 the Türks raided You and carried off the people. Liu Xiong rode out to fight, was surrounded by the Türks, and fell in battle. He was posthumously made overall commander of Bo, commander of military affairs in seven prefectures, and inspector of Bo. His son Sheng succeeded him. Because Liu Xiong had died in the sovereign's service, Sheng was made equal-in-protocol grand general near the end of the Daxiang era.
57
侯植字仁幹，上谷人也。 燕散騎常侍龕之八世孫。 高祖恕，魏北地郡守。 子孫因家于北地之三水，遂為州郡冠族。 父欣， （秦） 〔泰〕州刺史、奉義縣公。
Hou Zhi, courtesy name Rengan, came from Shanggu commandery. He was an eighth-generation descendant of Kan, who had served Yan as regular attendant of the scattered riders. High ancestor Shu had served Wei as administrator of Northern Beidi commandery. The family settled at Sanshui in Beidi and became the foremost clan of the region. His father Xin was [variant: Tai] inspector of Tai Province and Duke of Fengyi.
58
植少倜儻，有大節，容貌奇偉，武藝絕倫。 正光中，起家奉朝請。 尋而天下喪亂，群盜蜂起，植乃散家財，率募勇敢討賊。 以功拜統軍，遷清河郡守。 後從賀拔岳討万俟醜奴等，每有戰功，除義州刺史。 在州甚有政績，為夷夏所懷。
From youth Hou Zhi was free-spirited and high-minded, with a striking presence and unmatched skill in arms. During Wei's Zhengguang era he began his career as an attendant at court. When the empire collapsed into chaos and brigands swarmed the land, he spent his family fortune, gathered volunteers, and took the field against them. Campaign merit won him the rank of area commander and a transfer to act as administrator of Qinghe commandery. Later, under He Ba Yue, he fought Wanqidu Chounu and others; repeated battlefield success made him governor of Yizhou. He governed Yizhou with marked success and won the trust of both tribal peoples and Han settlers.
59
時帝幼沖，晉公護執政，植從兄龍恩為護所親任。 及護誅趙貴，而諸宿將等多不自安。 植謂龍恩曰：「今主上春秋旣富，安危系於數公。 共為唇齒，尚憂不濟，況以纖介之間，自相夷滅！ 植恐天下之人，因此解體。 兄旣受人任使，安得知而不言。」 龍恩竟不能用。 植又乘間言於護曰：「君臣之分，情均父子，理須同其休戚，期之始終。 明公以骨肉之親，當社稷之寄，與存與亡，在於茲日。 願公推誠王室，擬跡伊、周，使國有泰山之安，家傳世祿之盛，則率土之濱，莫不幸甚。」 護曰：「我蒙太祖厚恩，且屬當猶子，誓將以身報國，賢兄應見此心。 卿今有是言，豈謂吾有他志耶。」 又聞其先與龍恩言，乃陰忌之。 植懼不免禍，遂以憂卒。 贈大將軍、 （正） 〔平〕 （陽） 〔揚〕光三州諸軍事、平州刺史，諡曰節。 子定嗣。
While the boy emperor reigned and Duke of Jin Yuwen Hu ruled the state, Hou Zhi's elder cousin Long En enjoyed Hu's personal favor and trust. After Hu put Zhao Gui to death, many of the old commanders grew uneasy. Hou Zhi told Long En, "The emperor is grown now, and the realm's fate rests with you men at the top. Stand together like lips and teeth and you may still fail—how much worse to tear one another apart over trifles! I fear the whole country will come apart because of it. Brother, you hold a post of trust—how can you see this and say nothing?" Long En would not take his counsel. Hou Zhi later found occasion to speak to Yuwen Hu: "Between ruler and minister the bond should be as close as father and son; fortune and misfortune must be shared to the end. You are the emperor's own kin and hold the fate of the realm in your hands; whether the dynasty lives or dies is decided now. Serve the throne in good faith, take Yi Yin and the Duke of Zhou as your models, and the state will stand firm as Mount Tai while your house enjoys lasting rank and wealth—then every subject under heaven will rejoice." Hu replied, "Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai showed me great favor, and I stand in his place as an adopted son; I mean to repay the state with my life—your worthy brother should know my heart. Why speak to me like this—as though I harbored some other design?" Learning what Hou Zhi had said to Long En, he came to resent him in secret. Fearing he could not escape punishment, Hou Zhi died of grief. He was posthumously made grand general, [variant: Ping] Ping [variant: Yang] commander-in-chief for Ping, Yang, and Guang provinces and governor of Ping Province, with the posthumous name Jie. Ding inherited the line.
60
及護伏誅，龍恩與其弟大將軍、武平公萬壽竝預其禍。 高祖治護事，知植忠於朝廷，乃特免其子孫。 定後位至車騎大將軍、儀同三司。
When Yuwen Hu was executed, Long En and his younger brother Wanshou, grand general and Duke of Wuping, perished in the same purge. While investigating Yuwen Hu's crimes, Emperor Wu found that Hou Zhi had been loyal to the throne and specially spared his descendants. Ding later rose to grand general of chariots and cavalry and equal-in-protocol to the Three Excellencies.
61
史臣曰：王傑、王勇、宇文虯之徒，咸以果毅之姿，效節於擾攘之際，終能屠堅 （執） 〔覆〕銳，立禦侮之功，裂膏壤，據勢位，固其宜也。 仲尼稱「無求備於一人」，信矣。 夫文士懷溫恭之操，其弊也愞弱； 武夫稟剛烈之質，其失也敢悍。 故有使酒不遜之禍，拔劍爭功之尤。 大則莫全其生，小則僅而獲免。 耿豪、王勇，不其然乎。
The historiographer writes: Wang Jie, Wang Yong, Yuwen Qiu, and men like them—all resolute warriors who gave their best in chaotic times—could in the end break the hardest foes [variant: Fu] and overturn the keenest enemy lines, win glory in defense of the realm, carve out rich fiefs, and hold high command—as was only right. Confucius said, "Do not expect every virtue in a single man"—and he was right. Scholars cultivate gentleness and courtesy, yet their failing is timidity; soldiers are born fierce and bold, yet their failing is rash violence. Hence the disaster of drunken insolence and the fault of drawing swords over credit for battle. At worst such men lose their lives; at best they barely survive. Were not Geng Hao and Wang Yong exactly such cases?
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全文以中華書局、一九七一年十一月版《周書》為本校。
This text was collated against the Zhonghua Shuju edition of the 《Book of Zhou》 (November 1971).