1
趙善字僧慶，太傅、楚國公貴之從祖兄也。 祖國，魏龍驤將軍、洛州刺史。 父更，安樂太守。
Zhao Shan, courtesy name Sengqing, was a senior cousin of Yuwen Gui, grand tutor and Duke of Chu. His grandfather Guo had served Wei as general of dragon cavalry and inspector of Luo Province. His father Geng was administrator of Anle commandery.
2
善少好學，涉獵經史，美容儀，沉毅有遠量。 永安初，爾朱天光為肆州刺史，辟為主簿，深器重之。 天光討邢杲及万俟醜奴，以善為長史。 軍中謀議，每參預之。 天光為關右行臺，表善為行臺左丞，加都督、征虜將軍。 普泰初，賞平關、隴之功，拜驃騎將軍、大行臺、散騎常侍，封山北縣伯，邑五百戶。 俄除持節、東雍州諸軍事、雍州刺史。 天光東拒齊神武於韓 （令） 陵，善又以長史從。 及天光敗見殺，善請收葬其屍，齊神武義而許之。
From youth Shan loved learning and read widely in the classics and histories; he was handsome in bearing, grave and resolute, with a statesman's long view. At the opening of the Yongan era Erzhu Tianguang, then inspector of Si Province, recruited Shan as chief clerk and came to rely on him heavily. When Tianguang marched against Xing Gao and Moqi Chounu, he appointed Shan chief administrator. He sat in on every council and plan the army devised. When Tianguang was made mobile headquarters commissioner for the Guanxi region, he recommended Shan as left assistant of the headquarters, with the additional titles area commander and general who campaigns against the barbarians. At the opening of Putai he was rewarded for pacifying the Guan and Long regions with the posts of general of agile cavalry, great mobile headquarters commissioner, and regular attendant of scattered cavalry, and was enfeoffed Baron of Shanbei with five hundred fief households. Before long he was given bearer of the staff, made commander-in-chief of Eastern Yong Province, and appointed inspector of Yong. When Tianguang marched east to meet Gao Huan at Han [emended: Líng] At Hanling, Shan again served as chief administrator. After Tianguang was defeated and executed, Shan asked permission to recover and bury his body; moved by the gesture, Gao Huan consented.
3
賀拔岳總關中兵，乃遣迎善，復以為長史。 岳為侯莫陳悅所害，善共諸將翊戴太祖，仍從平悅。
Heba Yue, who then held command in Guanzhong, sent for Shan and again made him chief administrator. After Houmochen Yue murdered Heba Yue, Shan and the other generals rallied behind Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai and marched with him to crush Houmochen Yue.
4
魏孝武西遷，除都官尚書，改封襄城縣伯，增邑五百戶。 頃之，為北道行臺，與儀同李虎等討曹泥，克之。 遷車騎大將軍、儀同三司、尚書右僕射，進爵為公，增邑幷前一千五百戶。
When Emperor Xiaowu withdrew westward, Shan was made minister of justice, his title was changed to Baron of Xiangcheng, and his fief was increased by five hundred households. Soon afterward he was made mobile headquarters commissioner for the northern route and, with Li Hu and others, marched against Cao Ni and took him. He was promoted to grand general of chariots and cavalry, yitong of the Three Precedences, and right vice director of the Secretariat, advanced to duke, and given a combined fief of one thousand five hundred households.
5
大統三年，轉左僕射，兼侍中，監著作，領太子詹事。 善性溫恭，有器局，雖位居端右，而逾自謙退。 其職務克舉，則曰某官之力； 若有罪責，則曰善之咎也。 時人稱其公輔之量。 太祖亦雅敬重焉。
In Datong year 3 he became left vice director, with concurrent posts as palace attendant, overseer of the bureau of compilation, and grand tutor of the heir apparent. Shan was warm and courteous by nature, with the breadth of a true minister; though he stood at the pinnacle of office, he grew only more modest. When affairs went well he would say the credit belonged to the office itself; when something went wrong he would say the fault was his alone. Contemporaries praised him as having the stature of a chief minister. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai likewise held him in deep esteem.
6
九年，從戰邙山，屬大軍不利，善為敵所獲，遂卒於東魏。 建德初，朝廷與齊通好，齊人乃歸其柩。 其子絢表請贈諡。 詔贈大將軍、大都督、岐宜寧豳四州諸軍事、岐州刺史。 諡曰敬。
In the ninth year he fought at Mount Mang; when the main force was routed he was taken by the enemy and died in Eastern Wei captivity. Early in the Jiande era, as the court and Northern Qi renewed friendly ties, Qi returned his coffin. His son Xuan petitioned for a posthumous honorific. The throne posthumously made him grand general and grand area commander, commander-in-chief of Qi, Yi, Ning, and Bin, and inspector of Qi. His posthumous name was Jing.
7
子度，字幼濟，車騎大將軍、儀同三司。 度弟絢，字會績，驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司、淅資二州刺史。
His son Du, courtesy name Youji, rose to grand general of chariots and cavalry and yitong of the Three Precedences. Du's younger brother Xuan, courtesy name Huiji, became general of agile cavalry, opener of the Way with the Three Precedences, and inspector of Xi and Zi provinces.
8
元定字願安，河南洛陽人也。 祖比頹，魏安西將軍、務州刺史。 父道龍，征虜將軍、鉅鹿郡守。
Yuan Ding, courtesy name Yuan'an, came from Luoyang in Henan commandery. His grandfather Bi Tui had served Wei as general who pacifies the west and inspector of Wu Province. His father Daolong was general who campaigns against the barbarians and administrator of Julu commandery.
9
定惇厚少言，內沉審而外剛毅。 永安初，從爾朱天光討關隴羣賊，並破之。 除襄 （虜） 〔威〕將軍。 及賀拔岳被害，定從太祖討侯莫陳悅，以功拜平遠將軍、步兵校尉。 魏孝武西遷，封高邑縣男，邑二百戶。 從擊潼關，拔回洛城，進爵為伯，增邑三百戶，加前將軍、太中大夫。 從擒竇泰，復弘農，破沙苑，戰河橋，定皆先鋒，當其前者，無不披靡。 以前後功，累遷都督、征東將軍、金紫光祿大夫、帥都督，增邑三百戶。 邙山之役，敵人如堵，定奪矟沖之，殺傷甚衆，無敢當者。 太祖親觀之，論功為最，賞物甚厚。 十三年，授河北郡守，加大都督、通直散騎常侍，增邑通前一千戶。 定有勇略，每戰必陷陣，然未嘗自言其功。 太祖深重之，諸將亦稱其長者。 十五年，遷使持節、車騎大將軍、開府儀同三司，進爵為公。 魏廢帝二年，以宗室，進封建城郡王。 （二） ［三］年，行《周禮》，爵隨例改，封長湖郡公。 世宗初，拜岷州刺史。 威恩兼濟，甚得羌豪之情。 先時生羌據險不賓者，至是並出山谷，從征賦焉。 及定代還，羌豪等感戀之。 保定中，授左宮伯中大夫。 久之，轉左武伯中大夫，進位大將軍。
Ding was plain, steadfast, and sparing of speech — inwardly thoughtful and cautious, outwardly hard and resolute. At the opening of Yongan he marched with Erzhu Tianguang against the rebel armies of Guan and Long and defeated them all. He was appointed [emended: Wei] general who pacifies the distant. After Heba Yue was killed, Ding followed Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai against Houmochen Yue and, for his service, was made general who pacifies the distant and commandant of footsoldiers. When Emperor Xiaowu withdrew westward, Ding was enfeoffed Baronet of Gaoyi with two hundred fief households. He fought at Tong Pass, helped take Huiluo, was raised to baron with three hundred additional households, and received the added ranks of general of the van and grand master of palace attendance. He took part in capturing Dou Tai, retaking Hongnong, winning at Shaye, and fighting at Heqiao; in each battle Ding led the van, and no one who faced him held the line. For repeated victories he rose step by step to area commander, general who campaigns east, grand master with the gold seal and purple ribbon, and chief area commander, with three hundred more fief households. At Mount Mang the enemy massed like a wall; Ding snatched a spear and drove straight in, killing and wounding a great many, and no one dared meet him. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai watched from the field; when merits were counted Ding stood first, and his reward was lavish. In the thirteenth year he was made administrator of Hebei commandery, given the added titles grand area commander and direct regular attendant of scattered cavalry, and granted a combined fief of one thousand households. Ding was brave and resourceful and always punched through the enemy formation, yet he never claimed credit for himself. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai held him in the highest regard, and the other generals spoke of him as a man of senior stature. In the fifteenth year he was given bearer of the staff and promoted to grand general of chariots and cavalry and opener of the Way with the Three Precedences, and raised to duke. In the second year of Emperor Fei, as a member of the imperial clan he was advanced and enfeoffed Prince of Jiancheng commandery. [emended: Three] In the third year, when the Zhou Rites were put into practice and titles were revised by precedent, he was enfeoffed Duke of Changhu commandery. Early in Emperor Shizong's reign he was made inspector of Min Province. He combined firm authority with kindness and won the Qiang chieftains over completely. Qiang who had long held the mountain passes now came down from the hills and submitted to taxation and corvée. When Ding was recalled and left his post, the Qiang chieftains were grief-stricken at his departure. During Baoding he was made senior master of the left palace guard. After some time he was transferred to senior master of the left martial guard and promoted to grand general.
10
天和二年，陳湘州刺史華皎舉州歸梁，梁主欲因其隙，更圖攻取，乃遣使請兵。 詔定從衛公直率衆赴之。 梁人與華皎皆為水軍，定為陸軍，直總督之，俱至夏口。 而陳郢州堅守不下。 直令定率步騎數千圍之。 陳遣其將淳于量、徐度、吳明徹等水陸來拒。 量等以定已度江，勢分，遂先與水軍交戰。 而華皎所統之兵，更懷疑貳，遂為陳人所敗。 皎得脫身歸梁。 定旣孤軍懸隔，進退路絕，陳人乘勝，水陸逼之。 定乃率所部斫竹開路，且行且戰，欲趣湘州，而湘州已陷。 徐度等知定窮迫，遣使偽與定通和，重為盟誓，許放還國。 定疑其詭詐，欲力戰死之。 而定長史〔長〕孫隆及諸將等多勸定和，定乃許之。 於是與度等刑牲歃血，解仗就船。 遂為度等所執，〔所部〕衆軍亦被囚虜，送詣丹陽。 居數月，憂憤發病卒。 子樂嗣。
In Tianhe year 2, Hua Jiao, Chen's inspector of Xiang Province, defected with his province to Liang; the Liang emperor meant to exploit the breach and sent envoys asking for Zhou troops. An edict ordered Ding to march under Duke of Wei Yuwen Zhi to relieve him. Liang and Hua Jiao fielded river fleets while Ding led the land army under Zhi's overall command; all reached Xiakou. Yet Ying Province in Chen held out and would not yield. Zhi ordered Ding to invest the city with several thousand foot and horse. Chen dispatched Chunyu Liang, Xu Du, Wu Mingche, and others by land and water to block them. Seeing that Ding had already crossed the Yangzi and his force was split, Liang and the others struck first at the river fleet. Meanwhile Hua Jiao's own troops wavered in loyalty and were beaten by Chen. Jiao alone escaped and fled back to Liang. Ding was now an isolated force cut off far from support with no line of retreat; Chen pressed their advantage by land and water. Ding led his men forward, cutting bamboo to blaze a trail and fighting all the way toward Xiang Province — only to learn that Xiang Province had already fallen. Knowing Ding was cornered, Xu Du and the others sent envoys offering a sham peace, swearing fresh oaths and promising safe passage home. Ding suspected a trap and wanted to die fighting. Yet his chief administrator Changsun Long and the other officers urged peace again and again, and at last Ding agreed. He then swore blood-oath with Xu Du and the rest, laid down his weapons, and went aboard their boats. They were seized at once; his troops were taken prisoner as well and marched to Danyang. Within months, grief and rage brought on illness and he died. His son Yue succeeded to the title.
11
楊摽字顯進，正平高涼人也。 祖貴、父猛，並為縣令。
Yang Biao, courtesy name Xianjin, came from Gaoliang in Zhengping commandery. His grandfather Gui and his father Meng had both served as county magistrates.
12
摽少豪俠有志氣。 魏孝昌中，爾朱榮殺害朝士，大司馬、城陽王元徽逃難投摽，摽藏而免之。 孝莊帝立，徽乃出，復為司州牧。 由是摽以義烈聞。 擢拜伏波將軍、給事中。 元顥入洛，孝莊欲往晉陽就爾朱榮，詔摽率其宗人收船馬渚。 摽未至，帝已北度太行，摽遂匿所收船，不以資敵。 及爾朱榮奉帝南討，至馬渚，摽乃具船以濟王師。 顥平，封肥如五百戶，加鎮遠將軍、步兵校尉，行濟北郡事。 進都督、平東將軍、太中大夫。
As a youth Biao was bold, chivalrous, and full of resolve. During Xiaochang, when Erzhu Rong slaughtered court officials, Grand Marshal Yuan Hui, Prince of Chengyang, fled to Biao for refuge; Biao concealed him and kept him alive. After Emperor Xiaozhuang took the throne, Hui emerged from hiding and again became governor of Si Province. From that act Biao won renown for righteous courage. He was promoted to general who subdues the waves and attendant-in-ordinary. When Yuan Hao entered Luoyang, Emperor Xiaozhuang meant to withdraw to Jinyang and join Erzhu Rong; an edict ordered Biao to rally his kinsmen and collect boats at Mazhu. Before Biao arrived the emperor had already crossed the Taihang northward; Biao hid the boats he had gathered rather than let them fall to the enemy. When Erzhu Rong escorted the emperor south to campaign and reached Mazhu, Biao furnished boats to ferry the imperial army across. After Hao was defeated, Biao received a fief of five hundred households at Feiru, the added titles general who pacifies the distant and commandant of footsoldiers, and acting charge of Jibei commandery. He was promoted to area commander, general who pacifies the east, and grand master of palace attendance.
13
從魏孝武入關，進爵為侯，增邑八百戶，加撫軍、銀青光祿大夫。 時東魏遷鄴，太祖欲知其所為，乃遣摽間行詣鄴以觀察之。 使還，稱旨，授通直散騎常侍、車騎將軍。 稽胡恃險不賓，屢行抄竊，以摽兼黃門侍郎，往慰撫之。 摽頗有權略，能得邊情，誘化酋渠，多來款附，乃有隨摽入朝者。
He followed Emperor Xiaowu through the Pass into Guanzhong, was raised to marquis with eight hundred additional households, and given the added ranks of general who pacifies the army and grand master with the silver seal and blue ribbon. When Eastern Wei moved its capital to Ye, Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai wanted to know what they were up to and sent Biao by secret route to Ye to reconnoiter. His report satisfied the throne, and he was made direct regular attendant of scattered cavalry and general of chariots and cavalry. The Ji-hu held the mountain passes and refused submission, raiding again and again; Biao was given concurrent appointment as gentleman attendant at the Yellow Gate and sent to pacify them. Biao was shrewd in frontier affairs; he won over tribal chiefs until many submitted, and some even followed him to court.
14
時弘農為東魏守，摽從太祖攻拔之。 然自河以北，猶附東魏。 摽父猛先為邵郡白水令，摽與其豪右相知，請微行詣邵郡，舉兵以應朝廷。 太祖許之。 摽遂行，與土豪王覆憐等陰謀舉事，密相應會者三千人，內外俱發，遂拔邵郡。 擒郡守程保及令四人，並斬之。 衆議推摽行郡事，摽以因覆憐成事，遂表覆憐為邵郡守。 以功授大行臺左丞，率義徒更為經略。 於是遣諜人誘說東魏城堡，旬月之間，正平、河北、南 （涉） 〔汾〕、二絳、建州、 （大） 〔太〕寧等城，並有請為內應者，大軍因攻而拔之。 以摽行正平郡事，左丞如故。 齊神武敗于沙苑，其將韓軌、潘洛、可朱渾元等為殿，摽分兵要截，殺傷甚衆。 東雍州刺史馬恭懼摽威聲，棄城遁走。 摽遂移據東雍州。
Hongnong was then held by Eastern Wei; Biao marched with Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai and helped take it. Yet north of the Yellow River many districts still sided with Eastern Wei. Biao's father Meng had once been magistrate of Baishui in Shao commandery; knowing the local magnates there, Biao asked leave to go in disguise to Shao and raise troops for the court. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai approved the plan. Biao set out and, with the local magnate Wang Fuling and others, plotted in secret; three thousand men pledged themselves inside and out, and when all rose together they took Shao commandery. They captured commandery administrator Cheng Bao and four county magistrates and beheaded them all. The local leaders wanted Biao to run the commandery, but he insisted the victory belonged to Wang Fuling and memorialized Fuling as administrator of Shao commandery. For his service he was made left assistant of the great mobile headquarters and led the loyalist bands in further frontier operations. He then sent agents to win over Eastern Wei strongholds; within a month or so, Zhengping, Hebei, South [emended: Fén] Fen, the Two Jiangs, Jian Province, [emended: Tài] Tai Ning, and other cities as well, all had men offering to serve as inside contacts; the main force then attacked and took them. Biao was given acting charge of Zhengping commandery while keeping his left assistant post. When Gao Huan was beaten at Shaye, his generals Han Gui, Pan Luo, Kezhuhun Yuan, and others covered the retreat; Biao split his force to cut them off and killed or wounded a great many. Ma Gong, Eastern Wei inspector of Eastern Yong Province, feared Biao's reputation, abandoned his post, and fled. Biao then moved his headquarters and took control of Eastern Yong Province.
15
太祖以摽有謀略，堪委邊任，乃表行建州事。 時建州遠在敵境三百餘裏，然摽威恩夙著，所經之處，多並贏糧附之。 比至建州，衆已一萬。 東魏刺史車折于洛出兵逆戰，摽擊敗之。 又破其行臺斛律俱步騎二萬於州西，大獲甲仗及軍資，以給義士。 由是威名大振。 東魏遣太保侯景攻陷正平，復遣行臺薛循義率兵與斛律俱相會，於是敵衆漸盛。 摽以孤軍無援，且腹背受敵，謀欲拔還。 恐義徒背叛，遂偽為太祖書，遣人若從外送來者，云已遣軍四道赴援。 因令人漏泄，使所在知之。 又分土人義首，令領所部四出抄掠，擬供軍費。 摽分遣訖，遂於夜中拔還邵郡。 朝廷嘉其權以全軍，卽授建州刺史。
Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai, judging Biao shrewd and fit for frontier command, recommended him to act as governor of Jian Province. Jian Province lay more than three hundred li inside enemy country, yet Biao's authority and kindness were already famed; wherever he marched, people came carrying grain to join him. By the time he reached Jian Province his force already numbered ten thousand. Eastern Wei governor Chezhe Yuluo marched out to fight him; Biao routed him. He also smashed mobile headquarters director Hulu Ju's twenty thousand foot and horse west of the province, seizing large stores of arms and supplies for his loyalist troops. His fame as a commander rose sharply from that victory. Eastern Wei sent Grand Guardian Hou Jing to retake Zhengping and dispatched mobile headquarters director Xue Xunyi to join Hulu Ju, and enemy strength steadily grew. Cut off, unsupported, and pressed from front and rear, Biao planned to pull back. Fearing his loyalist bands might desert him, he forged a letter from Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai and had a messenger deliver it as if from outside, claiming relief columns were already marching on four routes. He then deliberately leaked the report so the countryside would hear it. He also sent local loyalist leaders out in every direction with their men to raid for supplies. Once those detachments were dispatched, he withdrew by night to Shao commandery. The court praised his shrewdness in saving his army and at once made him governor of Jian Province.
16
時東魏以正平為東雍州，遣薛榮祖鎮之。 摽將謀取之，乃先遣奇兵，急攻汾橋。 榮祖果盡出城中戰士，於汾橋拒守。 其夜，摽率步騎二千，從他道濟，遂襲克之。 進驃騎將軍。 旣而邵郡民以郡東叛，郡守郭武安脫身走免。 摽又率兵攻而復之。 轉正平郡守。 又擊破東魏南絳郡，虜其郡守屈僧珍。 錄前後功，別封郃陽縣伯，邑五百戶。
Eastern Wei had reorganized Zhengping as Eastern Yong Province and posted Xue Rongzu there. Biao meant to retake it and first sent a strike force against Fen Bridge. Rongzu emptied the city and threw every fighter he had into holding Fen Bridge. That night Biao led two thousand foot and horse by another crossing, stormed the city, and took it. He was promoted to general of agile cavalry. Soon afterward the eastern part of Shao commandery rebelled; administrator Guo Wu'an escaped with his life. Biao marched again, retook the district, and restored order. He was transferred to administrator of Zhengping commandery. He also defeated Eastern Wei's Southern Jiang commandery and captured its administrator Qu Sengzhen. For his accumulated service he received a separate enfeoffment as baron of Heyang with five hundred fief households.
17
邙山之戰，摽攻拔柏穀塢，因卽鎮之。 及大軍不利，摽亦拔還。 而東魏將侯景率騎追摽，摽與儀同韋法保同心抗禦，且前經十數里，景乃引退。 太祖嘉之，賜帛三百疋。 復授建州刺史，鎮車箱。 摽久從軍役，未及葬父，至是表請還葬。 詔贈其父車騎大將軍、儀同三司、晉州刺史，贈其母夏陽縣君，並給儀衛。 州里榮之。
At Mount Mang he stormed Baigu Stockade and garrisoned it. When the main force was routed, Biao pulled back as well. Eastern Wei general Hou Jing pursued him with cavalry; Biao and Wei Fabao stood together and fought him off, and after more than ten li Jing broke off the chase. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai praised him and rewarded him with three hundred bolts of silk. He was again made governor of Jian Province and posted at Chexiang. Biao had spent years in the field without burying his father; he now petitioned to return home for the funeral. An edict posthumously made his father general of chariots and cavalry with yitong of the Three Precedences and governor of Jin Province, ennobled his mother as lady of Xiayang county, and granted ceremonial guards for the rites. The whole region took it as a mark of honor.
18
及齊神武圍玉壁，別令侯景趣齊子嶺。 摽恐入寇邵郡，率騎禦之。 景聞摽至，斫木斷路者六十餘裏，猶驚而不安，遂退還河陽，其見憚如此。 十二年，進授大都督，加晉建二州諸軍事。 又攻破蓼塢，獲〔東〕魏將李顯，進儀同三司。 尋遷開府，復除建州邵郡河內汲郡黎陽等諸軍事，領邵郡。 十六年，大軍東討，授大行臺尚書，率義衆先驅敵境，攻其四戍，拔之。 時以齊軍不出，乃追摽還。 併肥如、合陽二邑，合一千八百戶，改封華陽縣侯。 又於邵郡置邵州，以摽為刺史，率所部兵鎮之。
When Gao Huan besieged Yubi he also ordered Hou Jing to push toward Qizi Ridge. Fearing a raid into Shao commandery, Biao led cavalry to intercept him. When Hou Jing learned Biao was coming, he had trees cut and the road blocked for more than sixty li, yet he remained uneasy and withdrew to Heyang — such was the dread Biao inspired. In the twelfth year he was promoted to grand area commander with military authority over Jin and Jian provinces. He also stormed Liaowu Stockade, captured Eastern Wei general Li Xian, and was raised to yitong of the Three Precedences. Soon he was transferred to kaifu, given command over the military affairs of Jian Province, Shao commandery, Henei, Ji, Liyang, and neighboring districts, and put in charge of Shao commandery. In the sixteenth year, when the main army marched east against Qi, Biao was made great mobile headquarters minister, led loyalist troops into enemy country as vanguard, and captured four border forts. When the Qi army refused battle, the court recalled him. His fief was enlarged by combining Feiru and Heyang for one thousand eight hundred households, and his title was changed to Marquis of Huayang. Shao Province was created within Shao commandery, with Biao as governor commanding his own troops there.
19
保定四年，遷少師。 其年，大軍圍洛陽，詔摽率義兵萬餘人出軹關。 然摽自鎮東境二十餘年，數與齊人戰，每常克獲，以此遂有輕敵之心。 時洛陽未下，而摽深入敵境，又不設備。 齊人奄至，大破摽軍。 摽以衆敗，遂降于齊。 摽之立勳也，有慷慨壯烈之志，及軍敗，遂就虜以求苟免。 時論以此鄙之。 朝廷猶錄其功，不以為罪，令其子襲爵。
In Baoding year 4 he was made junior preceptor. That same year, as the main force besieged Luoyang, an edict ordered Biao to lead more than ten thousand loyalist troops out through Zhi Pass. Yet Biao had held the eastern frontier for more than twenty years and had beaten Qi again and again; success had bred contempt for the enemy. Luoyang had not yet fallen, yet he plunged deep into enemy country without taking precautions. Qi troops fell on him suddenly and shattered his army. With his force broken, Biao surrendered to Qi. The man who had once won fame for bold service now, once beaten, chose submission to save his life. Contemporaries despised him for it. The court still honored his earlier service, did not treat the surrender as a crime, and allowed his son to inherit the title.
20
摽之敗也，新平郡守韓盛亦於洛陽戰沒。
When Biao fell, Xingping commandery administrator Han Sheng also died fighting at Luoyang.
21
盛字文熾，南陽 （渚） 〔堵〕陽人也。 五世祖遠，為鄭縣令，因徙居京兆之渭南焉。 曾祖良，舉秀才，奉朝請、姑臧令。 祖與，魏儻城郡守，贈直州刺史。 父先藻，安夷鄜城二郡守，贈鎮遠將軍、義州刺史。
Han Sheng, courtesy name Wenchì, came from Nanyang in [emended: Dǔ] Du Yang commandery. His fifth-generation ancestor Yuan had served as magistrate of Zheng county and moved the family to Weinan in Jingzhao. His great-grandfather Liang had passed the provincial examination, entered service as a palace attendant, and become magistrate of Guzang. His grandfather Yu had been Eastern Wei administrator of Tangcheng commandery and was posthumously made governor of Zhi Province. His father Xianzao had governed Anyi and Fucheng commanderies and was posthumously made general who pacifies the distant and governor of Yi Province.
22
盛幼有操行，涉獵經史，兼善騎射，膂力過人。 魏大統初，起家開府行參軍。 轉參軍事。 從李遠積年征討，每有戰功。 累遷至都督、輔國將軍、中散大夫、帥都督、持節、平東將軍、太中大夫、銀青光祿大夫、大都督。 明帝二年，封臨湍縣子，邑三百戶。 保定四年，授使持節、車騎大將軍、儀同三司、虞部下大夫，出為新平郡守。 居官清靜，嚴而不殘，矜恤孤貧，抑挫豪右，賊盜止息，郡治肅然。 尋以本官從晉公護東討，於洛陽戰沒。 贈淅洛義三州刺史，諡曰壯。 子謙嗣。 官至大都督。
From youth Sheng was upright in conduct, well read in the classics and histories, and skilled in horsemanship and archery; his strength was extraordinary. Early in the Great Unity era he entered service as acting staff officer in a kaifu headquarters. He was then made staff officer. He campaigned under Li Yuan for many years and won merit in every fight. He rose step by step to area commander, general who assists the state, palace attendant gentleman, chief area commander, bearer of the staff, general who pacifies the east, grand master of palace attendance, grand master with the silver seal and blue ribbon, and grand area commander. In the second year of Emperor Ming he was enfeoffed Viscount of Lintuan with three hundred fief households. In Baoding year 4 he received bearer of the staff, was made general of chariots and cavalry with yitong of the Three Precedences and senior master of the Yu Department, and sent out as administrator of Xingping commandery. In office he was calm and fair, strict but not harsh, tender toward orphans and the poor, and firm against the powerful; banditry ceased and the commandery was governed in good order. Soon afterward he marched east under Duke of Jin Yuwen Hu and fell fighting at Luoyang. He was posthumously made governor of Xi, Luo, and Yi provinces and given the posthumous name Zhuang. His son Qian succeeded to the title. Qian rose to grand area commander.
23
盛二兄，德輿、仲恭。 德輿姿貌魁傑，有異常人。 歷官持節、車騎大將軍、儀同三司、通洛慈澗防主、邵州刺史、任城縣男。 仲恭美容儀，澹於榮利。 郡累辟為功曹、中正。 仲恭答曰：「第五之號，豈減驃騎乎！」 後歷廣原、靈原、新豐三縣令，所在皆有聲績。 有八子，並有志操。 少子紉約，後最知名。
Two elder brothers preceded him: Deyu and Zhonggong. Deyu was imposing in stature and unlike ordinary men. He served in succession as bearer of the staff, general of chariots and cavalry with yitong of the Three Precedences, commander of the Tongluo-Cijian defense line, governor of Shao Province, and baron of Rencheng county. Zhonggong was handsome and cared little for rank or gain. The commandery repeatedly tried to appoint him merit officer and chief rectifier. Zhonggong answered, "Is a fifth-rank post any less than general of agile cavalry?" Later he served in turn as magistrate of Guangyuan, Lingyuan, and Xinfeng, and everywhere he went left a record of good repute. He had eight sons, all men of principle. The youngest, Renyue, later became the best known.
24
裴寬字長寬，河東聞喜人也。 祖德歡，魏中書郎、河內郡守。 父靜慮，銀青光祿大夫，贈汾州刺史。
Pei Kuan, courtesy name Changkuan, came from Wenxi in Hedong commandery. His grandfather Dehuan had served Eastern Wei as secretariat gentleman and administrator of Henei commandery. His father Jinglü had been grand master with the silver seal and blue ribbon and was posthumously made governor of Fen Province.
25
寬儀貌瑰偉，博涉羣書，弱冠為州里所稱。 與二弟漢、尼是和知名。 親歿，撫弟以篤友聞。 滎陽鄭孝穆常謂從弟文直曰：「裴長寬兄弟，天倫篤睦，人之師表。 吾愛之重之。 汝可與之遊處。」 年十三，以選為魏孝明帝挽郎，釋褐員外散騎侍郎。 魏孝武末，除廣陵王府直兵參軍，加寧朔將軍、員外散騎常侍。 及孝武西遷，寬謂其諸弟曰：「權臣擅命，乘輿播越，戰爭方始，當何所依？」 諸弟咸不能對。 寬曰：「君臣逆順，大義昭然。 今天子西幸，理無東面，以虧臣節。」 乃將家屬避難於大石岩。 獨孤信鎮洛陽，始出見焉。
Kuan was striking in appearance, widely read, and acclaimed locally before he came of age. He and his younger brothers Han and Ni were known together for their close harmony. After their parents died he raised his brothers and was famed for devoted brotherly affection. Zheng Xiaomu of Xingyang often told his cousin Wenzhi, "Pei Changkuan and his brothers are models of family devotion. I love and respect them. You should keep company with them." At thirteen he was chosen as a mourning attendant for Emperor Xiaoming of Wei and, on entering office, was made assistant gentleman attendant at leisure. Near the end of Emperor Xiaowu of Wei's reign he was made direct military adjutant of the Prince of Guangling's household, with the added titles of general who calms the north and assistant attendant-in-ordinary at leisure. When Emperor Xiaowu moved west, Kuan asked his younger brothers, "A powerful minister has seized command, the emperor has been driven into exile, and war is just beginning — where can we turn? None of his brothers could answer. Kuan said, "The right and wrong between ruler and subject is plain for all to see. The Son of Heaven has gone west; by principle we cannot turn east and betray our duty as subjects. He then took his family and sought refuge at Great Stone Cliff. When Dugu Xin was stationed at Luoyang, Kuan went out to see him.
26
時汾州刺史韋子粲降於東魏，子粲兄弟在關中者，咸已從坐。 其季弟子爽先在洛，窘急，乃投寬。 寬開懷納之。 遇有大赦，或傳子爽合免，因爾遂出。 子爽卒以伏法。 獨孤信召而責之。 寬曰：「窮來見歸，義無執送。 今日獲罪，是所甘心。」 以經赦宥，遂得不坐。
At that time Fen Prefecture inspector Wei Zican had surrendered to Eastern Wei, and Zican's brothers in Guanzhong had all been punished as accomplices. Zican's youngest brother's son Shuang was already in Luoyang; desperate, he fled to Kuan. Kuan welcomed him without reservation. A general amnesty was proclaimed, and word spread that Shuang would be spared; on that basis he left. Shuang was executed in the end. Dugu Xin summoned Kuan and rebuked him. Kuan said, "When someone in distress comes seeking refuge, it would be wrong to seize him and turn him in. If I am punished for it today, I accept that willingly. Because the case fell under the amnesty, he was not punished after all.
27
大統五年，授都督、同軌防長史，加征虜將軍。 十三年，從防主韋法保向潁川，解侯景圍。 景密圖南叛，軍中頗有知者。 以其事計未成，外示無貳，往來諸軍間，侍從寡少。 軍中名將，必躬自造，至於法保，尤被親附。 寬謂法保曰：「侯景狡猾，必不肯入關。 雖托款於公，恐未可信。 若仗兵以斬之，亦一時之計也。 如曰不然，便須深加嚴警，不得信其誑誘，自貽後悔。」 法保納之，然不能圖景，但自固而已。
In the fifth year of Datong he was made area commander and chief of staff of Tonggui Defense, with the added rank of general who captures enemies. In the thirteenth year he followed defense commander Wei Fabao to Yingchuan and lifted Hou Jing's siege. Jing was secretly plotting to rebel southward, and many in the army knew it. Because his plan was not yet ripe, he outwardly showed no disloyalty, moved among the various armies, and kept few attendants. He always visited the army's famous generals in person; Fabao in particular he cultivated with special intimacy. Kuan told Fabao, "Hou Jing is crafty and will surely not enter the passes. Though he pledges goodwill to you, I fear he cannot yet be trusted. If you use troops to kill him, that would be one immediate option. If not, you must tighten your guard and not trust his deceitful blandishments, lest you regret it later. Fabao accepted the advice but could not move against Jing and could only strengthen his own defenses.
28
十四年，與東魏將彭樂、〔樂〕恂戰於新城，因傷被擒。 至河陰，見齊文襄。 寬舉止詳雅，善於占對，文襄甚賞異之。 謂寬曰：「卿三河冠蓋，材識如此，我必使卿富貴。 關中貧 （校） 〔狹〕，何足可依，勿懷異圖也。」 因解鎖付館，厚加其禮。 寬乃裁臥氊，夜縋而出，因得遁還，見於太祖。 太祖顧謂諸公曰：「被堅執銳，或有其人，疾風勁草，歲寒方驗。 裴長寬為高澄如此厚遇，乃能冒死歸我。 雖古之竹帛所載，何以加之！」 乃手書署寬名下，授持節、帥都督，封夏陽縣男，邑三百戶，幷賜馬一疋、衣一襲，卽除孔城城主。
In the fourteenth year he fought Eastern Wei generals Peng Le and Xun at Xincheng and, wounded, was captured. At Heyin he was brought before Gao Cheng, Wenxiang of Qi. Kuan's bearing was calm and refined, and he answered with poise; Gao Cheng admired him greatly. He told Kuan, "You come from the great families of Sanhe and have talent like this — I will surely make you rich and honored. The Guanzhong region is impoverished [collated emendation] and narrow — what is there to rely on? Do not harbor other plans. He then removed Kuan's fetters, lodged him as a guest, and treated him with great courtesy. Kuan cut up a sleeping mat, lowered himself by rope at night, escaped back, and was received by Yuwen Tai. Yuwen Tai turned to the assembled lords and said, "There may be men who bear armor and wield sharp weapons, but strong wind and tough grass are tested only in the cold of winter. Pei Changkuan was treated so generously by Gao Cheng, yet risked death to return to me. Even the heroes recorded in the annals of antiquity could hardly surpass this! He then wrote Kuan's appointment in his own hand, making him bearer of the staff and commander-in-chief, Baron of Xiayang with a fief of three hundred households, and also gave him a horse and a suit of clothes; Kuan was at once made fortress master of Kongcheng.
29
保定元年，出為 （汾） 〔沔〕州刺史。 尋轉魯山防主。 四年，加驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司。 天和二年，行復州事。 三年，除溫州刺史。 初陳氏與國通和，每脩聘好。 自華皎附後，乃圖寇掠。 沔州旣接敵境，事資守備，於是復以寬為沔州刺史。 而州城埤狹，器械又少，寬知其難守，深以為憂。 又恐秋水暴長，陳人得乘其便。 卽白襄州總管，請戍兵，幷請移城於羊蹄山，權以避水。 總管府許增兵守禦，不許遷移城。 寬乃量度年常水至之處，豎大木於岸，以備船行。 襄州所遣兵未至，陳將程靈洗已率衆至於城下。 遂分佈戰艦，四面攻之。 水勢猶小，靈洗未得近城。 寬每簡募驍兵，令夜掩擊，頻挫其銳。 相持旬日，靈洗無如之何。 俄而雨水暴長，所豎木上，皆通船過。 靈洗乃以大艦臨逼，拍干打樓，應卽摧碎，弓弩大石，晝夜攻之。 苦戰三十餘日，死傷過半。 女垣崩盡，陳人遂得上城。 短兵相拒，猶經二日。 外無繼援，力屈。 城陷之後，水便退縮。 陳人乃執寬至揚州，尋被送嶺外。 經數載，後還建業，遂卒於江左。 時年六十七。 子義宣後從禦正杜杲使于陳，始得將寬柩還。 開皇元年，隋文帝詔贈襄郢二州刺史。
In the first year of Baoding he was sent out as [emended: Mian] governor of Mian Prefecture. He was soon made commander of the Lushan garrison. In the fourth year he was given the added titles of senior grand general and opening-office status equal to the Three Ducal Ministers. In the second year of Tianhe he acted as administrator of Fu Prefecture. In the third year he was appointed governor of Wen Prefecture. At first Chen and Zhou maintained friendly relations and exchanged diplomatic courtesies every year. After Hua Jiao defected to Zhou, Chen turned to raiding and plunder. Mian Prefecture bordered enemy territory and needed strong defense, so Kuan was again made governor of Mian Prefecture. The prefectural walls were narrow and weapons scarce; Kuan knew the city would be hard to hold and was deeply worried. He also feared that autumn floods would rise suddenly and give Chen an opening. He immediately reported to the area commander of Xiang Prefecture, asking for garrison troops and permission to move the city temporarily to Yangti Mountain to escape the flood. The area commander approved extra troops for defense but refused to move the city. Kuan then measured the usual high-water mark and set large posts on the bank to mark how high boats could pass. Before reinforcements from Xiang Prefecture arrived, Chen general Cheng Lingxi had already led his army to the city walls. Cheng Lingxi deployed warships and attacked from all four sides. The water was still low, and Lingxi could not yet reach the walls. Kuan repeatedly picked elite troops for night raids and blunted the enemy's momentum again and again. The stalemate lasted ten days, and Lingxi could make no headway. Soon the floodwaters surged; boats could pass above the markers Kuan had set. Lingxi then pressed in with large ships; battering rams smashed the towers at once; crossbows, catapults, and boulders rained down day and night. After more than thirty days of bitter fighting, casualties exceeded half the garrison. The parapets collapsed entirely, and Chen troops were able to climb onto the walls. Hand-to-hand fighting on the walls continued for two more days. With no relief from outside, the defenders were exhausted. After the city fell, the floodwaters receded. The Chen forces seized Kuan and took him to Yang Province; soon he was sent beyond the Ling. Several years later he returned to Jianye and died in the south. He was sixty-seven. His son Yixuan later accompanied Chief Rectifier Du Gao on a mission to Chen and was finally able to bring Kuan's coffin home. In the first year of Kaihuang Emperor Wen of Sui posthumously appointed him governor of Xiang and E prefectures.
30
義宣起家譙王儉府記室，轉司金二命士，合江令。 寬弟漢。
Yixuan began as recorder in the household of the Prince of Qiao, then served as a second-grade gentleman of the Ministry of Revenue and as magistrate of Hejiang. Kuan's younger brother was Han.
31
漢字仲霄，操尚弘雅，聰敏好學。 嘗見人作百字詩，一覽便誦。 魏孝武初，解褐員外散騎侍郎。 大統五年，除大丞相府士曹行參軍，補墨曹參軍。 漢善尺牘，尤便簿領，理識明贍，決斷如流。 相府為之語曰：「日下粲爛有裴漢。」 十一年，李遠出鎮弘農，啟漢為司馬。 遠特相器遇。 尋加安東將軍、銀青光祿大夫、成都上士。 尋轉司車路下大夫。 與工部郭彥、太府高賓等參議格令，每較量時事，必有條理，彥等咸敬異之。 加帥都督。 天和中，復與司宗孫恕、典祀薛慎同為八使，巡察風俗。 五年，加車騎大將軍、儀同三司。
Han, courtesy name Zhongxiao, was refined in conduct, clever, and fond of learning. Once he saw someone compose a hundred-character poem and could recite it after a single reading. At the beginning of Emperor Xiaowu of Wei's reign he entered office as assistant gentleman attendant at leisure. In the fifth year of Datong he was made acting gentleman of the Ministry of Personnel in the grand chancellor's office and was assigned to the Ministry of Justice. Han was skilled at correspondence and especially adept at accounts; his judgment was clear and his decisions swift. A saying in the chancellor's office ran, "Under the sun there shines Pei Han. In the eleventh year Li Yuan went out to command Hongnong and recommended Han as his chief of staff. Li Yuan valued and favored him especially. Soon he was given the added titles of general who pacifies the east, grandee with the silver seal and blue ribbon, and senior gentleman of Chengdu. He soon became lower grand master of the transport directorate. With Guo Yan of the Ministry of Works, Gao Bin of the Grand Storehouse, and others he helped draft statutes and ordinances; whenever current policy was weighed, his proposals were always orderly, and Yan and the others all respected him. They also named him commander-in-chief. During the Tianhe period he again served with Sun Shu of the Directorate of the Imperial Clan and Xue Shen of the Directorate of Sacrifices as one of the Eight Envoys inspecting local customs. In the fifth year he was given the added titles of grand general of the cavalry and status equal to the Three Ducal Ministers.
32
子鏡民，少聰敏，涉獵經史。 為大將軍、譚公會記室參軍。 後歷宋王寔侍讀，轉記室，遷司錄。 宣政初，吏部上士。 大象末，春官府都上士。 漢弟尼。
His son Jingmin was clever from youth and read widely in the classics and histories. He kept the records for the Duke of Tan, grand general. He later served as tutor to Prince Shi of Song, then as recorder, and was promoted to chief clerk. At the beginning of Xuanzheng he was senior gentleman of the Ministry of Personnel. At the end of Daxiang he was chief senior gentleman of the Spring Office. Han's younger brother was Ni.
33
漢弟尼
Pei Ni, Han's younger brother
34
尼字景尼，性弘雅，有器局。 起家奉朝請。 除梁王東閤祭酒，遷從事中郎，加通直散騎常侍。 隴西李際、范陽盧誕並有高名於世，與尼結忘年之交。 魏恭帝元年，以本官從于謹平江陵，大獲軍實，謹恣諸將校取之。 餘人皆競取珍玩，尼唯取梁元帝素琴一張而已。 謹深歎美之。 六官建，拜御正下大夫。 尋以疾卒。 贈輔國將軍、隨州刺史。
Ni, courtesy name Jingni, was refined and magnanimous by nature, with breadth of vision. He entered service as an attending court gentleman. He was appointed libationer of the Eastern Pavilion of the Prince of Liang, promoted to attendant gentleman, and given the added rank of regular attendant-in-ordinary. Li Ji of Longxi and Lu Dan of Fanyang both enjoyed great reputations, and Ni formed friendships with them despite the difference in age. In the first year of Emperor Gong of Wei he followed Yu Jin in the pacification of Jiangling; the army seized vast stores, and Jin let the officers take what they wanted. While the others scrambled for jewels and curios, Ni took only one plain zither that had belonged to Emperor Yuan of Liang. Yu Jin praised him with deep admiration. When the Six Offices were established, Ni was made lower grand master in the Office of Rectification. Before long he died of illness. He was posthumously made general who assists the state and governor of Sui Province.
35
子之隱，趙王招府記室參軍。 之隱弟師民，好學有識度，見稱于時。 起家秦王 （贇） 〔贄〕府記室參軍，仍兼侍讀。 寬族弟鴻。
His son Zhiyin served as recorder adjutant in the household of Prince Zhao, Yuwen Zhao. Zhiyin's younger brother Shimin loved learning and had real judgment; men of the day spoke well of him. Shimin began his career in the household of the Prince of Qin [emended: Yun] [variant: Zhi] household recorder adjutant, concurrently tutor to the prince. Pei Kuan's clansman was Hong.
36
族弟鴻
His clansman Hong
37
鴻少恭謹，有幹略，歷官內外。 孝閔帝踐阼，拜輔城公司馬，加儀同三司。 為晉公護雍州治中，累遷御正中大夫，進位開府儀同三司，轉民部中大夫。 保定末，出為中州刺史、九曲城主。 鎮守邊鄙，甚有扞禦之能。 衛公直出鎮襄州，以鴻為襄州司馬。 天和初，拜郢州刺史，轉襄州總管府長史，賜爵高邑縣侯。 從直南征，軍敗，遂沒。 尋卒於陳。 朝廷哀之，贈豐資遂三州刺史。
From youth Hong was respectful and careful, capable in affairs, and served in posts at court and on the frontier. When Emperor Xiaomin took the throne, Hong was made chief administrator of Fucheng company, with the added rank of equal in three departments. He served as Yong Province chief administrator under Duke of Jin Yuwen Hu, rose to middle grand master in the Office of Rectification, was promoted to opening-office equal in three departments, and transferred to middle grand master of the Ministry of Peoples. Near the end of the Baoding era he was sent out as governor of Zhong Province and commandant of Nine-bend Fortress. On the frontier he showed great skill in defense. When Duke of Wei Yuwen Zhi went out to command Xiang Province, Hong was made his chief administrator there. At the opening of Tianhe he was made governor of Ying Province, then transferred to chief of staff at Xiang Province headquarters, and enfeoffed as Marquis of Gaoyi county. He followed Yuwen Zhi on the southern campaign; when the army was defeated, he was taken captive. Before long he died in Chen captivity. The court mourned him and posthumously made him governor of Feng, Zi, and Sui provinces.
38
楊敷字文衍，華山公寬之兄子也。 父暄，字景和。 性朗悟，有識學。 弱冠拜奉朝請，歷員外散騎侍郎、華州別駕、尚書右中兵郎中、輔國將軍、諫議大夫。 以別將從魏廣陽王深征葛榮，為榮所害。 贈殿中尚書、華夏二州諸軍事、鎮西將軍、華州刺史。
Yang Fu, courtesy name Wenyuan, was a nephew of Pei Kuan, Duke of Huashan. His father Xuanchun, courtesy name Jinghe. He was bright and perceptive by nature and well versed in learning. At twenty he entered service as court gentleman for attendance and later served as assistant attendant-in-ordinary of scattered cavalry, vice governor of Hua Province, right middle bureau director of soldiers in the Secretariat, general who assists the state, and remonstrance and counsel grandee. Serving as a detached commander under Prince of Guangyang Yuan Shen of Wei against Ge Rong, he was killed in the fighting. He was posthumously made director of the palace secretariat, area commander of military affairs for Hua and Xia provinces, general who pacifies the west, and governor of Hua Province.
39
孝閔帝踐阼，進爵為侯，增邑幷前八百戶。 除小載師下大夫，使北豫州迎司馬消難，還，授使持節、蒙州諸軍事、蒙州刺史。 先是蠻左等多受齊假署，數為亂逆。 敷推誠布信，隨方慰撫，蠻左等感之，相率歸附。 敷乃送其首四十餘人赴闕，請因齊所假而授之。 諸蠻等愈更感悅，州境獲寧。 特降璽書勞問，加車騎大將軍、儀同三司。 保定中，徵為司水中大夫。 夷夏吏民，乃荊州總管長孫儉並表請留之。 時議欲東討，將委敷以舟艦轉輸之事，故弗許焉。 陳公純鎮陝 （西） 〔州〕，以敷為總管長史。 五年，轉司木中大夫、軍器副監。 敷明習吏事，所在以勤察著名，每歲奏課居最，累獲優賞。 進位驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司。
When Emperor Xiaomin took the throne, Fu was raised to marquis and his fief, together with what he already held, was increased by eight hundred households. He was made lower grand master of the Lesser Master of Carriages and sent to Northern Yu Province to welcome Sima Xiaonan; on his return he received bearer of the staff, military affairs for Meng Province, and the governorship of Meng Province. Before this the southern tribes had largely accepted provisional appointments from Northern Qi and had often rebelled. Fu treated them with sincerity and good faith, soothing each group in turn; the tribes were won over and submitted in succession. Fu then sent more than forty of their chieftains to the capital and asked that they be given office on the same terms Qi had used. The tribes were still more grateful, and order was restored throughout the province. The throne sent a special sealed letter of commendation and added the titles grand general of chariots and cavalry and equal in three departments. During the Baoding era he was recalled to serve as middle grand master in the Directorate of Water. Han and tribal officials and people alike, along with Jing Province grand marshal Yuwen Jian, jointly petitioned to keep him in office. The court was then planning an eastern campaign and meant to put Fu in charge of river transport, so the petitions were denied. When Duke of Chen Yuwen Chun took command at Shan [emended: West] xi Province headquarters, Fu was made chief of staff. In the fifth year he was transferred to middle grand master in the Directorate of Wood and deputy overseer of the arsenal. Fu knew administrative work thoroughly; wherever he served he was noted for diligence and vigilance; year after year his performance reports ranked first, and he was repeatedly singled out for reward. He was promoted to grand general of agile cavalry and opening-office equal in three departments.
40
天和六年，出為汾州諸軍事、汾州刺史，進爵為公，增邑一千五百戶。 齊將段孝先率衆五萬來寇，梯沖地道，晝夜攻城。 敷親當矢石，隨事扞禦，拒守累旬。 孝先攻之愈急。 時城中兵不滿二千，戰死者已十四五，糧儲又盡，公私窮蹙。 齊公憲總兵赴救，憚孝先，不敢進軍。 敷知必陷沒，乃召其衆謂之曰：「吾與卿等，俱在邊鎮，實願同心戮力，破賊全城。 但強寇四面攻圍日久，吾等糧食已盡，救援斷絕。 守死窮城，非丈夫也。 今勝兵之士，猶數百人，欲突圍出戰，死生一決。 儻或得免，猶冀生還，受罪闕庭，孰與死於寇乎！ 吾計決矣，於諸君意何如？」 衆咸涕泣從命。 敷乃率見兵夜出，擊殺齊軍數十人。 齊軍衆稍卻。 俄而孝先率諸軍盡銳圍之，敷殊死戰，矢盡，為孝先所擒。 齊人方欲任用之，敷不為之屈，遂以憂懼卒於鄴。 高祖平齊，贈使持節、大將軍、淮廣復三州諸軍事、三州刺史，諡曰忠壯。 葬於華陰舊塋。
In the sixth year of Tianhe he was sent out as area commander of military affairs for Fen Province and governor of Fen, raised to duke, and given an added fief of one thousand five hundred households. Northern Qi general Duan Xiaoxian led fifty thousand men against the city with siege towers, rams, and underground tunnels, attacking day and night. Fu met arrows and stones in person, met each assault as it came, and held out for many weeks. Duan Xiaoxian pressed the attack ever harder. The garrison held fewer than two thousand men; four or five men in ten had already fallen; grain was gone, and public stores and private households alike were desperate. Duke of Qi Yuwen Xian marched to the relief but feared Duan Xiaoxian and would not press forward. Knowing the city could not hold, Fu gathered his men and said, "You and I stand together on the frontier; I had hoped we might unite and break the enemy to save this city. But a strong foe has besieged us from every side for days; our grain is spent and no relief will come. To die defending a doomed city is no true man's course. We still have several hundred able fighters; I mean to break out and fight, staking life and death on a single charge. If we can break free, some of us may yet live, return home, and accept judgment at court—better that than dying at the enemy's hands! My mind is made up. What say you?" All wept and agreed to follow him. That night Fu led his remaining men out and killed several dozen Qi soldiers. The Qi ranks fell back a little. Soon Duan Xiaoxian closed in with every available man; Fu fought to the last; when his arrows were spent he was taken. The Qi meant to win him over, but Fu would not yield and died in Ye of grief and anguish. After Emperor Wu pacified Qi, Fu was posthumously made bearer of the staff, grand general, area commander of military affairs for Huai, Guang, and Fu provinces, governor of those three provinces, and given the posthumous name Zhongzhuang. He was buried in the family graveyard at Huayin.
41
子素，有文武材略。 大象末，上柱國、清河郡公。
His son Su possessed both civil and military gifts. At the end of the Daxiang era he held the rank of pillar of state and Duke of Qinghe commandery.
42
史臣曰：自三方鼎峙，羣雄競逐，俊能馳騖，各吠非主。 爭奮厲其智勇，思赴蹈于仁義。 臨危不顧，前哲所難。 趙善等或行彰于孝友，或誠顯於忠概，咸躬志力，俱徇功名。 兵凶戰危，城孤援絕。 楊敷、趙善，類龐德之勢窮； 元定、裴寬，同黃權之無路。 王旅不振，非其罪也。 敷少而慷慨，終能立節，仁而有勇，其最優乎。 楊摽屢有奇功，狃於數勝，輕敵無備，兵破身囚，未能遠謀，良可嗟矣。 《易》曰：「師出以律，否臧凶。」 《傳》曰：「不備不虞，不可以師。」 其楊摽之謂也？
The historiographer writes: Once the three realms stood in threefold balance, rival heroes raced to seize advantage; gifted men rushed from side to side, each serving whoever would have him. They strained every wit and nerve, hoping to give themselves wholly to loyalty and righteousness. To face peril without flinching is what even the ancients found hard. Zhao Shan and men like him showed filial conduct or fierce integrity; each gave body and mind alike in pursuit of honor. War is cruel and battle perilous; a city stands alone and relief never comes. Yang Fu and Zhao Shan were like Pang De when his strength was spent; Yuan Ding and Pei Kuan, like Huang Quan, had nowhere left to turn. That the royal armies failed to save them was no fault of their own. Fu was generous-spirited from youth and in the end kept his integrity—benevolent and brave; among them he stands first. Yang Biao won startling victories again and again but grew reckless with success, took the enemy lightly and left himself unguarded—his army was shattered and he was taken captive. He could not see far enough ahead; that is truly lamentable. The Changes says, "An army must march by discipline; without it, ruin follows." The Commentary says, "Without guarding against the unexpected, one must not take the field." Is that not the lesson of Yang Biao?
43
全文以中華書局、一九七一年十一月版《周書》為本校。
This text was collated against the Zhonghua Shuju edition of the 《Book of Zhou》 (November 1971).