1
鄭孝穆崔謙弟說子弘度崔猷裴俠薛端薛善弟慎
Zheng Xiaomu; Cui Qian; his younger brother Shuo; Shuo's son Hongdu; Cui You; Pei Xia; Xue Duan; Xue Shan; and Shan's younger brother Shen.
2
鄭孝穆字道和，滎陽開封人，魏將作大匠渾之十一世孫。 祖敬叔，魏潁川、濮陽郡守，本邑中正。 父瓊，范陽郡守，贈安東將軍、青州刺史。
Zheng Xiaomu, courtesy name Dahe, came from Kaifeng in Xingyang and was the eleventh in descent from Hunzhi, who had served Wei as director of palace construction. His grandfather Jingshu had been administrator of Yingchuan and Puyang and rectifier of his native district. His father Qiong was administrator of Fanyang and was posthumously given the titles general who pacifies the east and inspector of Qing Province.
3
孝穆幼而謹厚，以清約自居。 年未弱冠，涉獵經史。 父叔四人並早歿，昆季之中，孝穆居長。 撫訓諸弟，有如同生，閨庭之中，怡怡如也。 魏孝昌初，解褐太尉行參軍，轉司徒主簿。 屬盜賊蜂起，除假節、龍驤將軍、別將，屢有戰功。 永安中，遷冠軍將軍、持節、都督。 從元天穆討平邢杲，進驃騎將軍、左光祿大夫、太師咸陽王長史。 及魏孝武西遷，從入關，除司徒左長史，領臨洮王友，賜爵永寧縣侯。
From childhood Xiaomu was grave and steady and held himself to plain, disciplined living. Before he came of age he had already read widely in the classics and histories. His father and three uncles had all died young, leaving Xiaomu the eldest of the brothers. He raised and taught his younger brothers as if they shared one mother, and the household was warm and harmonious. At the opening of the Xiaochang era he entered service as acting staff officer to the grand commandant and was soon made chief clerk of the minister over the masses. When bandit armies erupted across the realm he was given provisional staff, the title general of flying dragons, and a separate command, and won distinction in repeated engagements. During Yongan he was promoted to general who conquers the enemy, given bearer of the staff, and made area commander. He followed Yuan Tianmu against Xing Gao, helped crush the rebellion, and was promoted to general of fast cavalry, left grand master of splendid happiness, and chief administrator to the grand preceptor's Prince Xianyang. When Emperor Xiaowu withdrew westward, Xiaomu followed him into Guanzhong and was made left chief administrator of the minister over the masses, friend to Prince Lin Tao, and marquis of Yongning.
4
大統五年，行武功郡事，遷使持節、本將軍，行岐州刺史、當州都督。 在任未幾，有能名。 就加通直散騎常侍。 王羆時為雍州刺史，欽其善政，遣使貽書，盛相稱述。 先是，所部百姓，久遭離亂，饑饉相仍，逃散殆盡。 孝穆下車之日，戶止三千。 留情綏撫，遠近咸至，數年之內，有四萬家。 每歲考績，為天下最。 太祖嘉之，賜書曰：「知卿蒞職近畿，留心治術。 凋弊之俗，禮教興行； 厭亂之民，繈負而至。 昔郭伋政成幷部，賈琮譽重冀方，以古方今，彼有慚德。」 於是徵拜京兆尹。
In Datong year 5 he administered Wugong commandery, then was transferred to acting inspector of Qi with bearer of the staff in his existing rank and command over the province. Within a short time in office he had won a name for competence. He was then additionally appointed regular attendant of direct communication and scattered cavalry. Wang Pi, then inspector of Yong Province, admired his administration and sent a messenger with a letter full of praise. The people of his district had long endured war and displacement; famine came one after another until almost none remained. When Xiaomu first arrived, registered households stood at only three thousand. He devoted himself to relief and resettlement; refugees returned from near and far, and within a few years the district held forty thousand households. Year after year his performance review ranked highest in the realm. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai praised him and wrote: "Since you took up office in the capital region you have applied yourself to governing. Where custom had withered, you have revived ritual and education; people exhausted by chaos return carrying their children on their backs. Guo Xian once governed Bing with success and Jia Cong won renown in Ji — set against you, even those ancients would blush at their lesser merit. [closing quote]
5
十五年，梁雍州刺史、岳陽王蕭詧稱藩來附，時議欲遣使，盛選行人。 太祖歷觀內外，無逾孝穆者。 十六年，乃假孝穆散騎常侍，持節策拜詧為梁王。 使還稱旨，進車騎大將軍、儀同三司，加散騎常侍。 是年，太祖總戎東討，除大丞相府右長史，封金鄉縣男，邑二百戶。 軍次潼關，命孝穆與左長史長孫儉、司馬楊寬、尚書蘇亮、諮議劉孟良等分掌衆務。 仍令孝穆引接關東歸附人士，幷品藻才行而任用之。 孝穆撫納銓敘，咸得其宜。 大將軍達奚武率衆經略漢中，以孝穆為梁州刺史，以疾不之部。 拜中書令，賜姓宇文氏。 尋以疾免。
He was then recalled and appointed metropolitan prefect of Jingzhao. In year 15, Xiao Cha, Liang's inspector of Yong and prince of Yueyang, submitted as a vassal; the court debated whom to send and searched carefully for the right envoy. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai looked through the court and the provinces and found no one better suited than Xiaomu. In year 16 he provisionally appointed Xiaomu regular attendant of scattered cavalry and bearer of the staff to invest Cha as prince of Liang. When the embassy returned to the court's satisfaction, he was promoted to grand general of chariots and cavalry and equal in three departments, with the added title regular attendant of scattered cavalry. That same year Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai marched east at the head of the army; Xiaomu was made right chief administrator of the great chief minister's office and enfeoffed baron of Jinxiang with two hundred households. When the army halted at Tong Pass, Xiaomu was ordered with left chief administrator Zhangsun Jian, marshal Yang Kuan, secretary Su Liang, adviser Liu Mengliang, and others to divide the staff work among them. He was also charged with welcoming eastern defectors, assessing their talent and character, and placing them in suitable posts. Xiaomu settled, enrolled, and ranked them so that each man found the right appointment. Great general Daxi Wu marched to secure Hanzhong; Xiaomu was appointed inspector of Liang but did not take up the post because of illness. He was made director of the Secretariat and given the surname Yuwen.
6
孝閔帝踐阼，加驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司，進爵為子，增邑通一千戶。 晉公護為雍州牧，辟為別駕，又以疾固辭。 武成二年，徵拜御伯中大夫，徙授御正。 保定三年，出為宜州刺史，轉華州刺史。 五年，除虞州刺史，轉陝州刺史。 頻歷數州，皆有政績。 復以疾篤，屢乞骸骨。 入為少司空。 卒於位，時年六十。 贈本官，加鄭梁北豫三州刺史。 諡曰貞。
Before long illness forced his retirement. When Emperor Xiaomin took the throne, Xiaomu was additionally made general of fast cavalry and opener of the Way with the Three Precedences, raised to viscount, and given a combined fief of one thousand households. Duke of Jin Yuwen Hu, then governor of Yong Province, tried to recruit him as vice administrator, but illness again made him refuse firmly. In Wucheng year 2 he was recalled and made middle grand master of the imperial elder, then transferred to imperial rectifier. In Baoding year 3 he left the capital as inspector of Yi, then was transferred to inspector of Hua. In year 5 he was made inspector of Yu, then transferred to inspector of Shaan. He served in one province after another, and everywhere left a record of good governance. When his illness grew grave he repeatedly asked leave to retire. He was recalled to court as vice minister of works. He died in office at the age of sixty. Posthumously he kept his last office and was additionally given the titles inspector of Zheng, Liang, and Northern Yu.
7
子詡嗣。 歷位納言，為聘陳使。 後至開府儀同三司、大將軍、邵州刺史。 詡弟譯，於隋文帝有翊贊功，開皇初，又追贈孝穆大將軍、徐兗等六州刺史，改諡曰文。
His posthumous title was Zhen. His son Xu succeeded him. He rose through the ranks to remonstrator and served as envoy on a mission to Chen. He later rose to opener of the Way with the Three Precedences, great general, and inspector of Shao.
8
譯幼聰敏，涉獵羣書，尤善音樂，有名于時。 世宗詔令事輔城公。 及高祖卽位。 除都督，稍遷御正下大夫，頗被顧待。 東宮建，以譯為宮尹下大夫，特被太子親愛。 建德二年，為聘齊使副。 及太子西征，多有失德，王軌、宇文孝伯等以聞，高祖大怒，宮臣親幸者，咸被譴責，譯坐除名。 後例復官，仍拜吏部下大夫。 宣帝嗣位，授開府儀同大將軍、內史中大夫，封歸昌縣公，邑千戶。 旣以恩舊，任遇甚重，朝政機密，竝得參詳。 尋遷內史上大夫，進爵沛國公。 上大夫之官，自譯始也。 及宣帝大漸，御正下大夫劉昉乃與譯謀，以隨公受遺輔少主。 隋文帝執政，拜柱國、大丞相府長史，內史如故。 尋進位上柱國。
Xu's younger brother Yi had helped establish Emperor Wen of Sui; at the opening of Kaihuang he had Xiaomu posthumously made great general and inspector of Xu, Yan, and five other provinces, and changed his posthumous title to Wen. Yi was clever from childhood, read widely, and was especially gifted in music; his name was known throughout the age. Emperor Shizong ordered him to attend the duke of Fucheng. When Emperor Wu took the throne. He was made area commander and gradually rose to lower grand master of imperial rectification, winning steady favor at court. When the eastern palace was established Yi was made lower grand master and palace intendant, and the crown prince came to love him dearly. In Jiande year 2 he served as deputy envoy on a mission to Northern Qi. When the crown prince campaigned west he behaved badly in many ways; Wang Gui, Yuwen Xiaobo, and others reported it, and Emperor Wu flew into a rage — every favored palace attendant was rebuked, and Yi was stripped of rank and dismissed. Later, under the usual rule, he was restored to office and again made lower grand master of the ministry of personnel. When Emperor Xuan succeeded he was made opener of the Way equal in great general and middle grand master of the palace secretariat, and enfeoffed duke of Guichang with one thousand households. As an old confidant he was heavily favored and was admitted to the most confidential affairs of state. Soon he was promoted to upper grand master of the palace secretariat and raised to duke of Pei. The rank of upper grand master began with Yi. When Emperor Xuan lay gravely ill, lower grand master Liu Fang plotted with Yi to put the duke of Sui in charge of the regency and support the young emperor. When Emperor Wen of Sui seized power, Yi was made pillar of state and chief administrator of the great chief minister's office while keeping his secretariat post.
9
崔謙字士遜，博陵安平人也。 祖辯，魏平遠將軍、武邑郡守。 父楷，散騎常侍、光祿大夫、殷州刺史，贈侍中、都督冀定相三州諸軍事、驃騎大將軍、儀同三司、冀州刺史。
Before long he was promoted to upper pillar of state. Cui Qian, courtesy name Shixun, came from Anping in Boling. His grandfather Bian had served Wei as general who pacifies the distance and administrator of Wuyi.
10
謙幼聰敏，神彩嶷然。 及長，深沉有識量。 歷觀經史，不持章句，志在博聞而已。 每覽經國緯民之事，心常好之，未嘗不撫卷歎息。 孝昌中，解褐著作佐郎。 從太宰元天穆討邢杲，破之，以功授輔國將軍、太中大夫，遷平東將軍、尚書殿中郎。
His father Kai had been regular attendant of scattered cavalry, grand master of splendid happiness, and inspector of Yin; posthumously he was given palace attendant, commander-in-chief over Ji, Ding, and Xiang, general of fast cavalry, equal in three departments, and inspector of Ji. Qian was clever from childhood, with a commanding presence. As a man he was grave and far-seeing. He read widely in the classics and histories without pedantic glossing; he sought breadth of learning rather than narrow expertise. Whenever he read about governing the realm and caring for the people he would unroll the text and sigh with longing. During Xiaochang he entered service as assistant editor in the secretariat.
11
賀拔勝出鎮荊州，以謙為行臺左丞。 勝雖居方岳之任，至於安輯夷夏，綱紀衆務，皆委謙焉。 謙亦盡其智能，以相匡弼。 勝有聲南州，謙之力也。 及魏孝武將備齊神武之逼，乃詔勝引兵赴洛。 軍至廣州，帝已西遷。 勝乃遲疑，將旋所鎮。 謙謂勝曰：「昔周室不造，諸侯釋位； 漢道中微，列藩盡節。 今皇家多故，主上蒙塵，寔忠臣枕戈之時，義士立功之日也。 公受方面之重，總宛、葉之衆，若杖義而動，首唱勤王，天下聞風，孰不感激。 誠宜順義勇之志，副遐邇之心，倍道兼行，謁帝關右。 然後與宇文行臺，同心協力，電討不庭。 則桓、文之勳，復興於茲日矣。 舍此不為，中道而退，便恐人皆解體，士各有心。 一失事機，後悔何及。」 勝不能用，而人情果大騷動。 還未至州，州民鄧誕引侯景軍奄至，勝與戰，敗績，遂將麾下數百騎南奔於梁。 謙亦與勝俱行。 及至梁，每乞師赴援。 梁武帝雖不為出軍，而嘉勝等志節，竝許其還國。 乃分謙先還，且通鄰好。 魏文帝見謙甚悅，謂之曰：「卿出萬死之中，投身江外，今得生還本朝，豈非忠貞之報也。」 太祖素聞謙名，甚禮之。 乃授征西將軍、金紫光祿大夫，賜爵千乘縣男。 及勝至，拜太師，以謙有毗輔之功，又授太師長史。
He followed grand preceptor Yuan Tianmu against Xing Gao, helped defeat him, and for his service was made general who assists the state and grand master of the palace, then transferred to general who pacifies the east and director of the palace in the secretariat. When Heba Sheng took charge of Jing Province he appointed Qian left assistant of the mobile headquarters. Though Sheng held a great frontier command, Qian handled the work of pacifying barbarians and Chinese alike and keeping every affair in order. Qian in turn gave all his talent to advising and supporting him. Sheng's reputation in the south was largely Qian's doing. When Emperor Xiaowu prepared to resist Gao Huan's pressure, he ordered Sheng to march to Luoyang. By the time the army reached Guangzhou, the emperor had already fled westward. Sheng wavered and prepared to withdraw to his post. Qian told Sheng: "When the Zhou house fell into crisis, the feudal lords set aside their own posts; when the Han dynasty waned, the frontier princes held loyal to the last. Now the throne is in turmoil and the emperor is in exile — this is the hour when loyal ministers should take up arms and men of honor win distinction. You hold a great regional command and the armies of Wan and Ye; if you march in the name of righteousness and lead the call to restore the emperor, who under Heaven would not rally to you? You should heed the call of loyal courage, satisfy the hopes of the realm, force the march day and night, and present yourself before the emperor in the west. Then, joining Yuwen's mobile headquarters, you can move as one and strike the rebels like lightning. Then the achievement of Duke Huan and Duke Wen of Qi could be renewed in our own day. If you abandon this course and retreat halfway, every soldier will lose heart and each officer will follow his own impulse. Miss this chance and regret will come too late." Sheng would not heed him, and morale collapsed as Qian had warned. Before he reached Jing, local leader Deng Dan brought Hou Jing's army down on him; Sheng was defeated and fled south to Liang with a few hundred horsemen. Qian went into exile with him. Once in Liang he repeatedly pleaded for troops to relieve the north. Emperor Wu of Liang would not send an army, but he admired Sheng and his companions for their loyalty and allowed them all to return home. He sent Qian back ahead of the others while opening friendly relations with the north. Emperor Wen of Wei received Qian with delight and said: "You escaped death beyond the Yangtze and have returned alive to the court — is this not loyalty repaid? Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai had long known Qian by reputation and received him with great respect. Qian was then made general who campaigns west, supervising grand master with the golden seal and purple ribbon, and enfeoffed baron of Qiansheng. When Heba Sheng returned and was made grand tutor, Qian was rewarded for his close counsel with the post of chief administrator of the grand tutor's office.
12
大統三年，從太祖擒竇泰，戰沙苑，竝有功。 進爵為子，遷車騎大將軍、右光祿大夫，拜尚書右丞。 謙明練時事，及居樞轄，時論以為得人。 四年，從太祖解洛陽圍，仍經河橋戰，加定州大中正、瀛州刺史。 十五年，授車騎大將軍、儀同三司，又破柳仲禮於隨郡，討平李遷哲於魏興，並有功。 進驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司、直州刺史，賜姓宇文氏。
In Datong year 3 he followed Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai in capturing Dou Tai and fighting at Shaye, winning distinction in both. He was raised to viscount, made grand general of chariots and cavalry and right grand master of splendid happiness, and appointed right assistant director of the masters of writing. Qian was shrewd and experienced in public affairs; once he held a central post, contemporaries agreed the court had found the right man. In year 4 he followed Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai in lifting the siege of Luoyang and fighting at He Bridge, and was additionally made grand rectifier of Ding and inspector of Ying. In year 15 he was made grand general of chariots and cavalry and equal in three departments; he also defeated Liu Zhongli in Sui commandery and suppressed Li Qianzhe at Weixing. He was promoted to general of fast cavalry, opener of the Way with the Three Precedences, and inspector of Zhi, and given the surname Yuwen.
13
魏恭帝初，轉利州刺史。 謙性明悟，深曉政術，又勤於理務，民訟雖繁，未嘗有懈倦之色。 吏民以是敬而愛之。 時有蜀人賈晃遷舉兵作亂，率其黨圍逼州城。 謙倉卒分部，纔得千許人，便率拒戰。 會梁州援兵至，遂擒晃遷，餘人乃散。 謙誅其渠帥，餘竝原之。 旬日之間，遂得安輯。 世宗初，進爵作唐縣公。 保定二年，遷安州總管、隨應等十一州甑山上明魯山三鎮諸軍事、安州刺史。 四年，加大將軍，進爵武康郡公。
At the opening of Emperor Gong's reign he was transferred to inspector of Li Province. Qian was bright by nature, deeply skilled in governance, and tireless in office; though lawsuits piled up, he never showed fatigue. Officials and commoners alike respected and loved him for it. At the time a Shu native named Jia Huangqian rebelled and led his followers to besiege the provincial capital. Qian hastily mustered his forces; with barely a thousand men he marched out to meet them. When reinforcements from Liang Province arrived, he captured Huangqian and the rest scattered. Qian executed the ringleaders and pardoned everyone else. Within ten days the province was pacified. At the opening of Emperor Shizong's reign he was raised to duke of Zuotang. In Baoding year 2 he was made area commander of An, given command over eleven provinces including Sui and Ying, the three garrisons of Zengshan, Shangming, and Lushan, and appointed inspector of An. In year 4 he was further made great general and raised to duke of Wukang commandery.
14
謙性至孝，少喪父，殆將滅性。 與弟〔說〕特相友愛，雖復年事竝高，名位各重，所有資產，皆無私焉。 其居家嚴肅，動遵禮度。 曠與說子弘度等，竝奉其遺訓云。
Qian was profoundly filial; he lost his father young and nearly died of grief. He and his younger brother Shuo were unusually close; though both were old and each held high rank, they held all their property in common without private hoarding. Their household was sternly ordered, and in every act they kept to ritual propriety. Kuang and Shuo's son Hongdu, among others, all lived by his teaching, it is said.
15
曠少溫雅，仁而汎愛。 釋褐中外府記室。 大象末，位至開府儀同大將軍，淅州刺史。
Kuang from youth was mild and refined, generous and warmly affectionate. He entered service as recording secretary of the central and external office. By the end of the Daxiang era he had risen to opener of the Way with the Three Precedences, great general, and inspector of Xi.
16
說本名士約，少鯁直，有節概，膂力過人，尤工騎射。 釋褐領軍府錄事，轉諮議參軍。 及賀拔勝出牧荊州，以說為假節、冠軍將軍、防城都督。 又隨勝奔梁，復自梁歸國。 授衛將軍﹑都督，封安昌縣子，邑三百戶。 從太祖復弘農，戰沙苑，皆有功。 進爵為侯，增邑八百戶，除京兆郡守。 累遷帥都督、撫軍將軍、通直散騎常侍、大都督、車騎大將軍、儀同三司、都官尚書、定州大中正，改封安固縣侯，增邑三百戶，賜姓宇文氏，幷賜名說焉。 進爵驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司，加侍中，進爵萬年縣公，增邑通前二千四百戶。 除隴州刺史，遷總管涼甘瓜三州諸軍事、涼州刺史。 說蒞政強毅，百姓畏之。 齊王憲東征，以說為行軍長史。 軍還，除使持節、崇德安義等十三防熊和 （忠） 〔中〕等三州諸軍事，崇德防主，加授大將軍，改封安平縣公。 建德四年卒，時年六十四。 贈鄜延丹綏長五州刺史，諡曰壯。 子弘度，猛毅有父風。 大象末，上柱國、武鄉郡公。
Shuo had originally been named Shiyue; from youth he was blunt and upright, strong in principle, unusually powerful, and especially skilled in mounted archery. He entered service as recording officer in the army guard headquarters and was transferred to consulting staff officer. When Heba Sheng took charge of Jing Province he made Shuo acting bearer of the staff, general who conquers the enemy, and defense-city area commander. He again followed Sheng into exile in Liang and later returned home from Liang. He was made general of the guard and area commander, and enfeoffed viscount of Anchang with three hundred households. He followed Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai in retaking Hongnong and fighting at Shaye, winning distinction in both. He was raised to marquis, given eight hundred additional households, and appointed administrator of Jingzhao commandery. He rose step by step to division commander, general who pacifies the army, regular attendant of direct communication and scattered cavalry, chief area commander, grand general of chariots and cavalry and equal in three departments, minister of justice, and grand rectifier of Ding; his title was changed to marquis of Angu with three hundred more households, he was given the surname Yuwen, and he also received the name Shuo. He was promoted to general of fast cavalry and opener of the Way with the Three Precedences, made palace attendant, and raised to duke of Wannian with a combined fief of twenty-four hundred households. He was appointed inspector of Long and transferred to area commander over Liang, Gan, and Gua and inspector of Liang. Shuo governed with force and resolution, and the common people feared him. When Prince Xian of Qi campaigned east, Shuo was made chief administrator of the field army. When the army returned he was given bearer of the staff and command over the thirteen defense posts including Chongde and Anyi and over Xiong and He [emended: Zhōng] and Zhong and the other three prefectures, made commander of Chongde defense, additionally appointed great general, and enfeoffed duke of Anping. He died in Jiande year 4 at the age of sixty-four. Posthumously he was made governor of Fu, Yan, Dan, Sui, and Chang; his posthumous title was Zhuang. His son Hongdu was bold and resolute and had his father's manner. By the end of Daxiang he was upper pillar of state and duke of Wuxiang commandery.
17
崔猷字宣猷，博陵安平人，漢尚書寔之十二世孫也。 祖挺，魏光州刺史、泰昌縣子，贈輔國將軍、幽州刺史，諡曰景。 父孝芬，左光祿大夫、儀同三司，兼吏部尚書，為齊神武所害。
Cui You, courtesy name Xuanyou, came from Anping in Boling and was twelfth in descent from Han minister of works Cui Shi. His grandfather Ting had been Northern Wei inspector of Guang and viscount of Taichang; posthumously he was made general who assists the state and inspector of You; his posthumous title was Jing. His father Xiaofen had been left grand master of splendid happiness and equal in three departments and concurrent minister of personnel; Gao Huan had him killed.
18
猷少好學，風度閒雅，性鯁正，有軍國籌略。 釋褐員外散騎侍郎，領大行臺郎中。 尋為吏部尚書李神儁所薦，拜通直散騎侍郎，攝尚書駕部郎中。 普泰初，除征虜將軍、司徒從事中郎。 旣遭家難，遂間行入關。 及謁魏孝武，哀動左右，帝為之改容。 旣退，帝目送之曰：「忠孝之道，萃此一門。」 卽以本官奏門下事。
You loved learning from youth, had an easy and refined bearing, was upright by nature, and possessed talent for military and state affairs. He entered service as regular attendant outside the regular establishment of scattered cavalry and concurrently director of the great mobile headquarters office. Soon Minister of Personnel Li Shenjun recommended him; he was made regular attendant of direct communication and scattered cavalry and acting director of the chariot department in the masters of writing. At the opening of Putai he was appointed general who subdues the barbarians and attendant in the secretariat of the minister of education. After the disaster that struck his family he stole by hidden paths into Guanzhong. When he had audience with Emperor Xiaowu of Wei, his grief moved everyone present and the emperor's face changed for him. As he withdrew, the emperor watched him go and said, "Loyalty and filial piety are gathered in this one house. With his existing rank he was charged with reporting to the secretariat.
19
大統初，兼給事黃門侍郎，封平原縣伯，邑八百戶。 二年，正除黃門，加中軍將軍。 擒竇泰，復弘農，破沙苑，猷常以本官從軍典文翰。 五年，除司徒左長史，加驃騎將軍。 時太廟初成，四時祭祀，猶設俳優角抵之戲，其郊廟祭官，多有假兼。 猷屢上疏諫，書奏，竝納焉。 遷京兆尹。 時婚姻禮廢，嫁娶之辰，多舉音樂。 又廛裏富室，衣服奢淫，乃有織成文繡者。 猷又請禁斷，事亦施行。 與盧辯等剏修六官。 十二年，除大都督、驃騎將軍、淅州刺史，加車騎大將軍、儀同三司。
At the opening of Datong he was concurrently made attendant gentleman of the yellow gates and enfeoffed baron of Pingyuan with eight hundred households. In year 2 he was formally appointed to the yellow gates and additionally made general of the central army. In the capture of Dou Tai, the recovery of Hongnong, and the victory at Shayuan, You followed on campaign in his existing office and handled documents and dispatches. In year 5 he was made left chief administrator of the minister of education and additionally general of fast cavalry. The imperial ancestral temple had just been completed; seasonal sacrifices still featured acrobats and wrestling, and many suburban and temple officers held concurrent acting posts. You repeatedly memorialized against this, and every proposal was accepted. He was transferred to metropolitan prefect of Jingzhao. Marriage ritual had fallen into disuse, and weddings were often celebrated with lavish music. Wealthy families in the wards also dressed with extravagant luxury, even wearing brocades woven with embroidered designs. You again asked that these practices be forbidden, and the order was enforced. Together with Lu Bian and others he helped create and revise the six offices system. In year 12 he was made chief area commander, general of fast cavalry, and inspector of Xi, with the added titles grand general of chariots and cavalry and equal in three departments.
20
十四年，侯景據河南歸款，遣行臺王思政赴之。 太祖與思政書曰：「崔宣猷智略明贍，有應變之才，若有所疑，宜與量其可不。」 思政初 （領） 〔頓〕兵襄城，後欲於潁川為行臺治所，遣使人魏仲奉啟陳之。 幷致書於猷論將移之意。 猷復書曰：「夫兵者，務在先聲後實，故能百戰百勝，以弱為強也。 但襄城控帶京洛，寔當今之要地，如有動靜，易相應接。 潁川旣鄰寇境，又無山川之固，賊若充斥，徑至城下。 輒以愚情，權其利害，莫若頓兵襄城，為行臺治所，潁川置州，遣郭賢鎮守。 則表裏膠固，人心易安，縱有不虞，豈能為患。」 仲見太祖，具以啟聞。 太祖卽遣仲還，令依猷之策。 思政重啟，求與朝廷立約：賊若水攻，乞一周為斷； 陸攻，請三歲為期。 限內有事，不煩赴援。 過此以往，惟朝廷所裁。 太祖以思政旣親其事，兼復固請，遂許之。 及潁川沒後，太祖深追悔焉。 十六年，以疾去職。 屬大軍東征，太祖賜以馬輿，命隨軍，與之籌議。 十七年，進侍中、驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司、本州大中正，賜姓宇文氏。
In year 14 Hou Jing held Henan and offered submission; Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai sent mobile headquarters commissioner Wang Sizheng to meet him. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai wrote Wang Sizheng: "Cui Xuanyou is shrewd, far-seeing, and quick to adapt; if you are uncertain about anything, consult him and weigh what can and cannot be done." Wang Sizheng at first [emended: Dùn] stationed his troops at Xiangcheng; later he wanted to move the mobile headquarters to Yingchuan and sent Wei Zhong with a memorial explaining the plan. He also wrote You to discuss the proposed move. You wrote back: "In war one must put reputation before force; that is how a weaker side wins a hundred fights in a hundred and turns weakness into strength. Xiangcheng commands the Luoyang region and is truly the key point of the day; if anything happens, relief and coordination are easy. Yingchuan lies on the enemy border and has no mountain barriers; if raiders pour in, they will reach the walls at once. Weighing the matter as best I can, it would be better to keep the army at Xiangcheng as headquarters, make Yingchuan a province, and post Guo Xian to hold it. Then inner and outer lines would be secure, morale would stay steady, and even if something went wrong, how could it become a real disaster? Wei Zhong saw Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai and reported everything in full. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai at once sent Zhong back and ordered that You's plan be followed. Wang Sizheng memorialized again and asked the court for a formal agreement: if the enemy attacked by water, he wanted one week as the limit; if by land, three years. Within those limits he would not ask the court for relief. After that, the court alone would decide. Because Wang Sizheng was personally involved and pressed the request hard, Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai granted it. When Yingchuan later fell, Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai deeply regretted having agreed. In year 16 he left office because of illness. When the great army marched east, Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai gave him a carriage and horses and ordered him to follow the campaign and join the planning. In year 17 he was made palace attendant, general of fast cavalry, opener of the Way with the Three Precedences, and grand rectifier of his native province, and given the surname Yuwen.
21
世宗卽位，徵拜御正中大夫。 時依《周禮》稱天王，又不建年號，猷以為世有澆淳，運有治亂，故帝王以之沿革，聖哲因時制宜。 今天子稱王，不足以威天下，請遵秦漢稱皇帝，建年號。 朝議從之。 武成二年，除司會中大夫，御正如故。
When Emperor Shizong took the throne, You was summoned and made middle grand master of imperial rectification. At the time the court, following the Rites of Zhou, styled the ruler Heavenly King and used no reign title; You argued that ages differ in refinement and corruption and times in order and chaos, so rulers change institutions and sages adapt policy to circumstance. He said the title of king was too weak to command the realm and asked that Qin and Han precedent be followed by styling the ruler emperor and establishing a reign title. The court accepted his proposal. In Wucheng year 2 he was made middle grand master of the coordinator of affairs while keeping his post as imperial rectifier.
22
天和二年，陳將華皎來附，晉公護議欲南伐，公卿莫敢正言。 猷獨進曰：「前歲東征，死傷過半，比雖加撫循，而瘡痍未復。 近者長星為災，乃上玄所以垂鑒誡也。 誠宜修德以禳天變，豈可窮兵極武而重其譴負哉？ 今陳氏保境息民，共敦鄰好。 無容違盟約之重，納其叛臣，興無名之師，利其土地。 詳觀前載，非所聞也。」 護不從。 其後水軍果敗，而裨將元定等遂沒江南。
In Tianhe year 2 the Chen general Hua Jiao defected; Duke of Jin Yuwen Hu proposed a southern campaign, and none of the chief ministers dared object. You alone stepped forward and said, "Last year's eastern campaign killed and wounded more than half our army; though we have since tried to heal the damage, the wounds are not yet mended. Recently the baleful star has appeared — Heaven is warning us. We should cultivate virtue to avert heaven's warning — how can we exhaust our armies again and invite further reproach? Chen keeps its borders and lets its people rest; we are bound by good neighborly relations. We cannot lightly break a solemn treaty, harbor their defectors, launch an unjust war, and seize their territory. A careful reading of earlier history shows nothing of the kind. Yuwen Hu would not listen. The fleet was defeated as he had warned, and assistant generals such as Yuan Ding were lost in Jiangnan.
23
建德四年，出為同州司會。 六年，征拜小司徒，加上開府儀同大將軍。 隋文帝踐極，以猷前代舊齒，授大將軍，進爵汲郡公，增邑通前三千戶。 開皇四年卒，諡曰明。
In the fourth year of Jiande he was posted as provincial accountant of Tong Province. In the sixth year he was recalled as lesser minister of education and given the added title of opening-office grand general with precedence equal to the Three Ducal Ministers. When Emperor Wen of Sui took the throne, You was treated as a senior figure of the former dynasty: he was made grand general, raised to Duke of Ji commandery, and his fief was brought to three thousand households in all. He died in the fourth year of Kaihuang and was posthumously titled Ming.
24
子仲方，字不齊，早知名，機神穎悟，文學優敏。 大象末，儀同大將軍、司玉下大夫。
His son Zhongfang, courtesy name Buqi, won early renown for his quick mind and literary skill. At the end of the Daxiang era he was grand general with distinguished records and lower grand master of the Jade Office.
25
裴俠字嵩和，河東解人也。 祖思齊，舉秀才，拜議郎。 父欣，博涉經史，魏昌樂王府司馬、西河郡守，贈晉州刺史。
Pei Xia, courtesy name Songhe, came from Jie in Hedong. His grandfather Siqi passed the provincial examination and became a gentleman consultant. His father Xin read widely in the classics and histories, served as marshal of the household of Prince Le of Wei-chang and as administrator of Xihe commandery, and was posthumously made inspector of Jin Province.
26
俠幼而聰慧，有異常童。 年十三，遭父憂，哀毀有若成人。 州辟主簿，舉秀才。 魏正光中，解巾奉朝請。 稍遷員外散騎侍郎、義陽郡守。 元顥入洛，俠執其使人，焚其赦書。 魏孝莊嘉之，授輕車將軍、東郡太守，帶防城別將。 及魏孝武與齊神武有隙，征河南兵以備之，俠率所部赴洛陽。 授建威將軍，左中郎將。 俄而孝武西遷，俠將行而妻子猶在東郡。 滎陽鄭偉謂俠曰：「天下方亂，未知烏之所集。 何如東就妻子，徐擇木焉。」 俠曰：「忠義之道，庸可忽乎！ 吾旣食人之祿，寧以妻子易圖也。」 遂從入關。 賜爵清河縣伯，除丞相府士曹參軍。
From childhood Xia was unusually bright and precocious. At thirteen, when his father died, he mourned with the restraint and grief of a grown man. Provincial authorities enlisted him as chief clerk, and he succeeded at the provincial examination. During the Zhenguang era of Wei he entered office as an attendant at court. He rose in stages to external scattered-cavalry attendant-in-ordinary and administrator of Yiyang commandery. When Yuan Hao entered Luoyang, Xia arrested his envoy and burned the amnesty edict he carried. Emperor Xiaozhuang of Wei praised him and made him general of light chariots and administrator of Dong commandery, also appointing him vice general for city defense. When Emperor Xiaowu of Wei broke with Gao Huan, troops were called up in Henan for defense, and Xia led his men to Luoyang. He was made general who establishes might and left central commandant. Soon afterward Emperor Xiaowu moved west. Xia was ready to follow, but his wife and children remained in Dong commandery. Zheng Wei of Xingyang told Xia, "The empire is in turmoil, and no one knows where things will settle. Why not go east to your family first and wait to see where to land?" Xia replied, "How can one set aside loyalty and righteousness! I have already accepted another's pay — would I abandon my duty for my wife and children?" He followed the court into Guanzhong. He was enfeoffed as Earl of Qinghe county and appointed a personnel staff officer in the chancellor's office.
27
大統三年，領鄉兵從戰沙苑，先鋒陷陣。 俠本名協，至是，太祖嘉其勇決，乃曰「仁者必有勇」，因命改焉。 以功進爵為侯，邑八百戶，拜行臺郎中。 王思政鎮玉壁，以俠為長史。 未幾為齊神武所攻。 神武以書招思政，思政令俠草報，辭甚壯烈。 太祖善之，曰：「雖魯連無以加也。」
In the third year of Datong he led local militia at Shayuan and, fighting in the vanguard, broke the enemy line. Xia had originally been named Xie. The Grand Progenitor now praised his courage and resolve, quoted the saying "The benevolent must have courage," and had his name changed. For his service he was raised to marquis with a fief of eight hundred households and made bureau director of the field secretariat. When Wang Sizheng held Yubi, he made Xia his chief administrator. Before long Gao Huan attacked the fortress. Gao Huan wrote trying to win Wang Sizheng over. Sizheng had Xia draft the reply, and the wording was fiercely defiant. The Grand Progenitor praised it and said, "Not even Lu Zhonglian could have improved on this."
28
除河北郡守。 俠躬履儉素，愛民如子，所食唯菽麥鹽菜而已。 吏民莫不懷之。 此郡舊制，有漁獵夫三十人以供郡守。 俠曰：「以口腹役人，吾所不為也。」 乃悉罷之。 又有丁三十人，供郡守役使。 俠亦不以入私，並收庸直，為官市馬。 歲月旣積，馬遂成羣。 去職之日，一無所取。 民歌之曰：「肥鮮不食，丁庸不取，裴公貞惠，為世規矩。」 俠嘗與諸牧守俱謁太祖。 太祖命俠別立，謂諸牧守曰：「裴俠清慎奉公，為天下之最，今衆中有如俠者，可與之俱立。」 衆皆默然，無敢應者。 太祖乃厚賜俠。 朝野嘆服，號為獨立君。
He took office as administrator of Hebei commandery. Xia lived plainly, treated the people like his own children, and ate nothing but beans, grain, salt, and vegetables. Officials and commoners alike loved him. Under an old commandery rule, thirty men were assigned to fish and hunt for the administrator's table. Xia said, "I will not make men serve my appetite." He abolished the practice entirely. Thirty corvée laborers were also assigned to the administrator's personal service. Xia would not use them privately either. He took their service fees and bought horses for the government. Over time the purchases grew into a whole herd of horses. When he left office he took nothing with him. The people sang, "He ate no dainties, took no corvée pay — Lord Pei's upright kindness sets the standard for the world." Once, when Xia joined the regional governors in audience before the Grand Progenitor, the Grand Progenitor had Xia stand apart and told the governors, "Pei Xia is the most scrupulous and dutiful official in the empire. If any of you are his equal, step forward and stand beside him." Everyone fell silent. No one stepped forward. The Grand Progenitor then gave Xia a rich reward. Court and country admired him and nicknamed him the Independent Lord.
29
俠又撰九世伯祖貞侯潛傳，以為裴氏清公，自此始也，欲使後生奉而行之，宗室中知名者，咸付一通。 從弟伯鳳、世彥，時並為丞相府佐，笑曰：「人生仕進，須身名竝裕。 清苦若此，竟欲何為？」 俠曰：「夫清者莅職之本，儉者持身之基。 況我大宗，世濟其美，故能：存，見稱於朝廷； 沒，流芳於典策。 今吾幸以凡庸，濫蒙殊遇，固其窮困，非慕名也。 志在自修，懼辱先也。 翻被嗤笑，知復何言。」 伯鳳等慚而退。
Xia also wrote a biography of his ninth-generation grand-uncle, Marquis Zhen Hou Qian, treating him as the founder of the Pei family's tradition of upright service, and gave copies to every prominent kinsman so later generations might follow the example. His cousins Bofeng and Shiyan, both then aides in the chancellor's office, laughed and said, "If you want to get ahead in office, you need comfort as well as reputation. What do you hope to gain by living in such austerity?" Xia answered, "Integrity is the basis of office, and frugality is the basis of conduct. Our great house has handed down this virtue for generations, so that in life a man is praised at court and after death his name lives on in the histories. I am only an ordinary man who has been favored beyond his deserts. My poverty is natural, not a bid for reputation. I mean only to discipline myself, lest I shame my forebears. And now I am laughed at — what more is there to say?" Bofeng and the others withdrew, ashamed.
30
九年，入為大行臺郎中。 居數載，出為郢州刺史，加儀同三司，尋轉 （祏） 〔拓〕州刺史，征拜雍州別駕。 孝閔帝踐阼，除司邑下大夫，加驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司，進爵為公，增邑通前一千六百戶。 遷民部中大夫。 時有姦吏，主守倉儲，積年隱沒至千萬者，及俠在官，勵精發摘，數旬之內，姦盜略盡。 轉工部中大夫。 有大司空掌錢物典李貴乃於府中悲泣。 或問其故。 對曰：「所掌官物，多有費用，裴公清嚴有名，懼遭罪責，所以泣耳。」 俠聞之，許其自首。 貴言隱費錢五百萬。 俠之肅遏姦伏，皆此類也。
In the ninth year he entered office as bureau director of the great field secretariat. Several years later he was posted as inspector of Ying Prefecture, given precedence equal to the Three Ducal Ministers, and soon transferred to [emended: Tuo] governor of Tuo Prefecture, then recalled as deputy governor of Yong Prefecture. When Emperor Xiaomin took the throne, Xia was made lower grand master of the Office of Domains, given the added titles of senior grand general and opening-office status equal to the Three Ducal Ministers, raised to duke, and his fief was brought to one thousand six hundred households in all. He was moved to grand master of the Ministry of Population. Corrupt granary officials had for years concealed losses running into the tens of millions. Once Xia took office he investigated relentlessly, and within a few weeks most of the fraud had been cleared away. He was moved to grand master of the Ministry of Works. Li Gui, the registrar of funds and stores under the grand minister of works, burst into tears in the office. When someone asked why, he said, "There has been much improper spending from the funds I manage. Lord Pei is famous for his severity, and I am afraid of being punished — that is why I am crying." When Xia heard this, he allowed Gui to confess on his own. Gui admitted to five million in hidden expenses. Xia's stern suppression of hidden corruption was always like this.
31
子祥，性忠謹，有治劇才。 少為成都令，清不及俠，斷決過之。 後除長安令，為權貴所憚。 遷司倉下大夫。 俠之終也，遂以毀卒。 祥弟肅，貞亮有才藝。 天和中，舉秀才，拜給事中士。 稍遷御正大夫，賜爵胡原縣子。
His son Xiang was loyal, careful, and skilled at handling hard cases. As a young man he served as magistrate of Chengdu. He was not as austere as Xia, but he surpassed him in deciding cases. Later, as magistrate of Chang'an, he was feared by the great families. He rose to lower grand master of the Office of Granaries. When Xia died, Xiang died of grief. Xiang's younger brother Su was upright, talented, and accomplished in the arts. During the Tianhe era he passed the provincial examination and became an attendant gentleman. He rose in stages to grand master of the imperial correctors and was enfeoffed as Viscount of Huyuan county.
32
薛端字仁直，河東汾陰人也，本名沙陀。 魏雍州刺史、汾陰侯辨之六世孫。 代為河東著姓。 高祖謹，泰州刺史、內都坐大官、涪陵公。 曾祖洪隆，河東太守。 以隆兄洪阼尚魏文〔成〕帝女西河公主，有賜田在馮翊，洪隆子麟駒徙居之，遂家于馮翊之夏陽焉。 麟駒舉秀才，拜中書博士，兼主客郎中，贈河東太守。 父英集，通直散騎常侍。
Xue Duan, courtesy name Renzhi, came from Fenyin in Hedong. His original name was Shatuo. He was the sixth-generation descendant of Bian, Marquis of Fenyin and Wei inspector of Yong Province. For generations his family had been a leading clan in Hedong. His distant ancestor Jin had been inspector of Tai Province, chief palace provisioner, and Duke of Fuling. His great-grandfather Honglong had governed Hedong commandery. Honglong's elder brother Hongzha had married Princess Xihe, daughter of Emperor Wen of Wei, and received granted land in Fenyang. Honglong's son Linju moved there, and the family settled at Xiayang in Fenyang. Linju passed the provincial examination, became doctor of the secretariat and concurrently master-of-guests attendant-in-ordinary, and was posthumously made administrator of Hedong commandery. His father Yingji was an attendant-in-ordinary for direct communication.
33
端少有志操。 遭父憂，居喪合禮。 與弟裕，勵精篤學，不交人事。 年十七，司空高乾辟為參軍，賜爵汾陰縣男。 端以天下擾亂，遂棄官歸鄉里。
From youth Duan had strong principles. After his father's death he observed mourning properly. He and his younger brother Yu studied hard and kept aloof from worldly affairs. At seventeen the grand minister Gao Gan recruited him as a staff officer and enfeoffed him as Baron of Fenyin county. With the empire in turmoil, Duan resigned and went home.
34
魏孝武西遷，太祖令大都督薛崇禮據龍門，引端同行。 崇禮尋失守，遂降東魏。 東魏遣行臺薛循義、都督乙干貴率衆數千西度，據楊氏壁。 端與宗親及家僮等先在壁中，循義乃令其兵逼端等東度。 方欲濟河，會日暮，端密與宗室及家僮等叛之。 循義遣騎追，端且戰且馳，遂入石城柵，得免。 柵中先有百家，端與並力固守。 貴等數來慰喻，知端無降意，遂拔還河東。 東魏又遣其將賀蘭懿、南汾州刺史薛琰達守楊氏壁。 端率其屬，並招喻村民等，多設奇以臨之。 懿等疑有大軍，便卽東遁，爭船溺死者數千人。 端收其器械，復還楊氏壁。 太祖遣南汾州刺史蘇景恕鎮之。 降書勞問，徵端赴闕，以為大丞相府戶曹參軍。
When Emperor Xiaowu of Wei moved west, the Grand Progenitor ordered grand area commander Xue Chongli to hold Longmen and took Duan with him. Chongli soon lost the position and surrendered to Eastern Wei. Eastern Wei sent field secretariat Xue Xunyi and area commander Yigan Gui with several thousand men west across the river to seize Yangshi Stockade. Duan, his kinsmen, and household servants were already inside the fortress when Xunyi ordered his troops to force them east across the river. As they were about to cross, night fell; Duan secretly rallied the imperial clansmen and household servants and turned against them. Xunyi sent cavalry in pursuit; Duan fought as he fled and reached the Stone City stockade, where he escaped. A hundred households were already in the stockade; Duan joined them and they held out together. Gui and the others came again and again to reassure and persuade him; when they saw Duan would not surrender, they withdrew to Hedong. Eastern Wei also sent its generals Helan Yi and Xue Yanda, inspector of Southern Fen, to hold Yang's Fortress. Duan rallied his followers, summoned and reassured the villagers, and used many ruses to pressure the enemy. Yi and the others suspected a large army was at hand and fled east at once; in the scramble for boats several thousand men drowned. Duan collected their weapons and returned to Yang's Fortress. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai sent Su Jingshu, inspector of Southern Fen, to garrison the fortress. A letter of commendation summoned Duan to court, and he was made registrar in the grand chancellor's household.
35
從擒竇泰，復弘農，戰沙苑，竝有功。 加冠軍將軍、中散大夫，進爵為伯。 轉丞相東合祭酒，加本州大中正，遷兵部郎中，改封文城縣伯，加使持節、平東將軍、吏部郎中。 端性強直，每有奏請，不避權貴。 太祖嘉之，故賜名端，欲令名質相副。 自居選曹，先盡賢能，雖貴遊子弟，才劣行薄者，未嘗升擢之。 每啟太祖云：「設官分職，本康時務，苟非其人，不如曠職。」 太祖深然之。 大統十六年，大軍東討。 柱國李弼為別道元帥，妙簡首僚，數日不定。 太祖謂弼曰：「為公思得一長史，無過薛端。」 弼對曰：「真其才也。」 乃遣之。 加授車騎大將軍、儀同三司。 轉尚書左丞，仍掌選事。 進授吏部尚書，賜姓宇文氏。 端久處選曹，雅有人倫之鑒，其所擢用，咸得其才。 六官建，拜軍司馬，加侍中、驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司，進爵為侯。
He took part in capturing Dou Tai, recovering Hongnong, and fighting at Shachuan, all with distinction. He was given the added titles of general who conquers and palace attendant and was raised to baron. He became libationer of the chancellor's eastern pavilion, was made grand selector of his native province, rose to director in the ministry of war, was re-enfeoffed as Baron of Wencheng county, and received the added ranks of bearer of staff, general who pacifies the east, and director in the ministry of personnel. Duan was stern and upright by nature; in every memorial he never shrank from the powerful and noble. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai commended this and therefore gave him the name Duan, wanting his name and character to match. Once he held office in the selection bureau, he always put the capable first; even sons of noble families with poor talent and thin conduct he never promoted. He often told Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai, "Offices exist to keep the age in order; if the man is wrong for the post, better leave it vacant." Grand Progenitor agreed wholeheartedly. In the sixteenth year of Datong, the main army marched east on campaign. Pillar-general Li Bi was commander-in-chief on a separate route; he carefully chose his chief staff but could not settle on one for several days. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai told Bi, "If I am choosing a chief administrator for you, none surpasses Xue Duan." Bi replied, "He truly has the talent." Duan was then sent. He was additionally made Grand General of Chariots and Cavalry and equal in protocol to the Three Excellencies. He was transferred to left assistant in the Masters of Writing while still overseeing selection. He rose to minister of personnel and received the surname Yuwen. Duan had long served in the selection bureau and had a refined eye for men; everyone he promoted proved fit for the task. When the Six Offices were established, he was made army marshal with the added ranks of attendant-in-ordinary, grand general of agile cavalry, and opening-office equal in protocol to the Three Excellencies, and was raised to marquis.
36
孝閔帝踐阼，除工部中大夫，轉民部中大夫，進爵為公，增邑通前一千八百戶。 晉公護將廢帝，召羣官議之，端頗有同異。 護不悅，出為蔡州刺史。 為政寬惠，民吏愛之。 尋轉基州刺史。 基州地接梁、陳，事藉鎮撫，總管史寧遣司馬梁榮催令赴任。 蔡州父老訴榮，請留端者千餘人。 至基州，未幾卒，時年四十三。 遺誡薄葬，府州贈遺，勿有所受。 贈本官，加大將軍，追封文城郡公。 諡曰質。
When Emperor Xiaomin ascended the throne, Duan was made middle grand master in the Directorate of Works, then middle grand master in the Ministry of Peoples, raised to duke, and given a fief totaling one thousand eight hundred households with earlier grants. When Duke of Jin Yuwen Hu planned to depose the emperor, he summoned the officials to discuss it; Duan openly dissented. Hu took offense and posted him as governor of Cai. His rule was lenient and generous, and officials and people alike loved him. Before long he was posted as governor of Ji. Ji Province bordered Liang and Chen and needed firm control; Governor-General Shi Ning sent army marshal Liang Rong to hurry him to his post. More than a thousand elders of Cai petitioned Rong to keep Duan. After he reached Ji he died before long, at forty-three. In his final instructions he asked for a plain burial and refused any gifts from the prefecture or province. His former title was restored posthumously, he was promoted to grand general, and enfeoffed after death as Duke of Wencheng commandery. His posthumous title was Zhi (Integrity).
37
子冑，字紹玄。 幼聰敏，涉獵羣書，雅達政事。 起家帥都督。 累遷上儀同，歷司金中大夫、徐州總管府長史、合州刺史。 大象中，位至開府儀同大將軍。
He had a son Zhou, courtesy name Shao'xuan. From childhood he was clever and keen; he read widely and was skilled in administration. His first appointment was as commander leader. He rose to high equal in protocol and served as middle grand master in the Directorate of Revenue, chief administrator at Xuzhou headquarters, and governor of He. During the Daxi era he attained the rank of opening-office grand general with equal protocol to the Three Excellencies.
38
端弟裕，字仁友。 少以孝悌聞於州裏。 初為太學生，時黌中多是貴游，好學者少，唯裕耽翫不倦。 弱冠，辟丞相參軍事。 是時京兆韋敻志安放逸，不干世務。 裕慕其恬靜，數載酒肴候之，談宴終日。 敻遂以從孫女妻之。 裕嘗謂親友曰：「大丈夫當聖明之運，而無灼然文武之用，為世所知，雖復棲棲遑遑，徒為勞苦耳。 至如韋居士，退不丘壑，進不市朝，怡然守道，榮辱不及，何其樂也。」 尋遇疾而卒，時年四十一。 文章之士誄之者數人。 太祖傷惜之，贈洛州刺史。
Duan had a younger brother Yu, courtesy name Renyou. He had been famed in the district for filial piety and brotherly devotion since boyhood. At first he was a student at the Imperial Academy; most students there were sons of noble families and few loved learning—only Yu studied tirelessly. At twenty he was recruited as a staff officer in the chancellor's office. At that time Wei Xuan of Jingzhao lived in seclusion and kept out of worldly affairs. Yu admired his tranquillity; for years he brought wine and food to visit him, and they talked and feasted all day. Xuan then gave him his grand-niece as his wife. Yu once told relatives and friends, "When a great man lives in an age of sage rule yet lacks clear civil and military gifts and is unknown to the world, all his bustle is only wasted toil. Master Wei neither hides in hills and streams in retirement nor crowds the market and court in office—yet he calmly keeps the Way, untouched by glory or disgrace. What joy!" Before long he fell ill and died, at forty-one. Several literary men composed dirges for him. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai grieved for him and posthumously made him governor of Luo.
39
薛善字仲良，河東汾陰人也。 祖瑚，魏河東郡守。 父和，南青州刺史。
Xue Shan, courtesy name Zhongliang, came from Fenyin in Hedong. His grandfather Hu was governor of Hedong commandery under Wei. His father He was inspector of Southern Qing.
40
善少為司空府參軍事，遷儻城郡守，轉鹽池都將。 魏孝武西遷，東魏 （攻） 〔改〕河東 （圍秦） 〔為泰〕州，以善為別駕。 善家素富，僮僕數百人。 兄元信，仗氣豪侈，每食方丈，坐客恒滿，弦歌不絕。 而善獨供己率素，愛樂閒靜。
In youth Shan served as staff officer in the Office of the Minister of Works, became administrator of Tangcheng commandery, and then commandant of the salt ponds. When Emperor Xiaowu fled west, Eastern Wei [emended: attack] [text emended: reorganized as] Hedong [emended: besiege Qin] When Emperor Xiaowu moved west, Eastern Wei attacked Hedong and reorganized it as Tai Prefecture, and Shan was made vice-prefect. Shan's family had long been wealthy; their servants numbered several hundred. His elder brother Yuanxin was proud and extravagant; every meal filled a full table, guests were always present, and zither and song never ceased. Shan alone lived plainly and frugally, loving quiet and calm.
41
大統三年，齊神武敗幷沙苑，留善族兄崇禮守河東。 太祖遣李弼圍之，崇禮固守不下。 善密謂崇禮曰：「高氏戎車犯順，致令主上播越。 與兄忝是衣冠緒餘，荷國榮寵。 今大軍已臨，而兄尚欲為高氏盡力。 若城陷之日，送首長安，云逆賊某甲之首，死而有靈，豈不歿有餘愧！ 不如早歸誠款，雖未足以表奇節，庶獲全首領。」 而崇禮猶持疑不決。 會善從弟馥妹夫高子信為防城都督，守城南面。 遣馥來詣善云：「意欲應接西軍，但恐力所不制。」 善卽令弟濟將門生數十人，與信、馥等斬關引弼軍入。 時預謀者竝賞五等爵，善以背逆歸順，臣子常情，豈容闔門大小，俱叨封邑，遂與弟慎竝固辭不受。 太祖嘉之，以善為汾陰令。 善幹用強明，一郡稱最。 太守王羆美之，令善兼督六縣事。
In the third year of Datong, after Qi Emperor Shenwu was defeated at Shachuan, he left Shan's clansman Chongli to hold Hedong. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai sent Li Bi to besiege it; Chongli held firm and could not be taken. Shan secretly told Chongli, "The Gao clan's armies rebel against the throne and have driven our sovereign into exile. Brother, we are the last threads of the gentry and have received the state's honors. The great army is already at the gates, yet you still wish to serve the Gao clan. When the city falls and your head is sent to Chang'an labeled "head of rebel so-and-so," would your spirit not die in shame! Better submit early in good faith; though that may not win you glory, you may yet keep your head." Chongli remained uncertain and could not make up his mind. It happened that Shan's younger cousin Fu's brother-in-law Gao Zixin was defense-commandant on the south face of the city. Fu was sent to tell Shan, "We wish to welcome the western army, but fear our strength is not enough to control the situation." Shan immediately had his younger brother Ji lead several dozen students; with Xin, Fu, and the others they cut the gate and admitted Bi's army. All who had taken part in the plot were then rewarded with fifth-rank nobility; Shan held that turning from rebellion to loyalty was the ordinary duty of a subject and son, and how could the whole household receive fiefs—he and his younger brother Shen firmly declined. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai commended this and made Shan magistrate of Fenyin. Shan was capable, forceful, and clear-minded; the whole commandery ranked his administration first. Commandery administrator Wang Pi admired him and had Shan concurrently oversee six counties.
42
尋徵為行臺郎中。 時欲廣置屯田以供軍費，乃除司農少卿，領同州夏陽縣二十屯監。 又于夏陽諸山置鐵冶，復令善為冶監，每月役八千人，營造軍器。 善親自督課，兼加慰撫，甲兵精利，而皆忘其勞苦焉。 加通直散騎常侍，遷大丞相府從事中郎。 追論屯田功，賜爵龍門縣子，遷黃門侍郎，加車騎大將軍、儀同三司。 除河東郡守，進驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司，賜姓宇文氏。 六官建，拜工部中大夫，進爵博平縣公。 尋除御正中大夫，轉民部中大夫。
He was soon called to serve as director on the mobile headquarters staff. The court then wished broadly to establish military colonies to supply army expenses; he was made vice director of the directorate of agriculture, overseeing twenty colony supervisors in Xiachuan, Tong Prefecture. Iron smelting was also set up in the mountains around Xiachuan; Shan was again made smelting supervisor, using eight thousand men each month to manufacture military equipment. Shan personally supervised the work and also comforted the men; armor and weapons were finely made, and yet the workers forgot their toil. He received the added rank of unhurried attendant at leisure and was moved to staff officer in the grand chancellor's household. For his work in military colonies he was enfeoffed as Viscount of Longmen county; he was transferred to gentleman attendant at the yellow gate and given Grand General of Chariots and Cavalry and equal in protocol to the Three Excellencies. He took office as governor of Hedong commandery, was raised to grand general of agile cavalry with opening-office protocol equal to the Three Excellencies, and received the surname Yuwen. When the Six Offices were established, he was made middle grand master in the Directorate of Works and raised to Duke of Boping county. He was soon made middle grand master in the Office of Rectification, then middle grand master in the Ministry of Peoples.
43
時晉公護執政，儀同齊軌語善云：「兵馬萬機，須歸天子，何因猶在權門。」 善白之。 護乃殺軌，以善忠於己，引為中外府司馬。 遷司會中大夫，副總六府事。 加授京兆尹，仍治司會。 出為隆州刺史，兼治益州總管府長史。 徵拜少傅。 卒于位，時年六十七。 贈蒲虞勳三州刺史。 高祖以善告齊軌事，諡曰繆公。 子裒嗣。 官至高陽守。 善弟慎。
At the time Duke of Jin Yuwen Hu held power; Equal-in-Protocol Qi Gui told Shan, "Armies and state affairs belong to the Son of Heaven—why do they still rest in the gate of power?" Shan informed Hu of this. Hu then killed Gui; because Shan had been loyal to him, he was brought in as army marshal of the inner and outer headquarters. He was made middle grand master in the Office of Accounting and deputy overseer of the Six Offices. He was additionally made governor of Jingzhao while still administering the Office of Accounting. He was sent out as governor of Long and concurrently chief administrator at Yizhou headquarters. He was summoned and appointed junior tutor. He died in office at sixty-seven. He was posthumously made governor of Pu, Yu, and Xun provinces. Because Emperor Xiaojing knew how Shan had informed on Qi Gui, his posthumous title was Miu. His son Baozi inherited the line. He rose to administrator of Gaoyang. Shan's younger brother was Shen.
44
慎字佛護，好學，能屬文，善草書。 少與同郡裴叔逸、裴諏之、柳虯、范陽盧柔、隴西李璨竝相友善。 起家丞相府墨曹參軍。 太祖於行臺省置學，取丞郎及府佐德行明敏者充生。 悉令旦理公務，晚就講習，先六經，後子史。 又于諸生中簡德行淳懿者，侍太祖讀書。 慎與李璨及隴西李伯良、辛韶，武功蘇衡，譙郡夏侯裕，安定梁曠、梁禮，河南長孫璋，河東裴舉、薛同，滎陽鄭朝等十二人，竝應其選。 又以慎為學師，以知諸生課業。 太祖雅好談論，幷簡名僧深識玄宗者一百人，於第內講說。 又命慎等十二人兼學佛義，使內外俱通。 由是四方競為大乘之學。
Shen, courtesy name Fohu, loved learning, wrote well, and excelled at cursive calligraphy. From youth he was close friends with fellow townsman Pei Shuyi, Pei Zouzhi, Liu Qiu, Lu Rou of Fanyang, and Li Can of Longxi. He began his career as ink-office adjutant on the chancellor's staff. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai set up a school at the mobile headquarters secretariat and chose secretariat aides and staff officers of bright character and sharp mind as students. They handled official business by day and studied in the evening, beginning with the Six Classics and then the Masters and histories. From among the students he also picked those of pure and earnest character to attend him while he read. Shen was chosen along with Li Can, Li Bolian of Longxi, Xin Shao, Su Heng of Wugong, Xiahou Yu of Qiao commandery, Liang Kuo and Liang Li of Anding, Changsun Zhang of Henan, Pei Ju and Xue Tong of Hedong, and Zheng Chao of Xingyang—twelve men in all. Shen was also made school instructor to supervise the students' coursework. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai loved learned discussion and also chose one hundred eminent monks deeply versed in Buddhist doctrine to lecture at his residence. He also ordered Shen and the other eleven to study Buddhist teaching so they would be versed in both secular and religious learning. From this the realm turned eagerly to Mahayana study.
45
數年，復以慎為宜都公侍讀。 轉丞相府記室。 魏東宮建，除太子舍人。 遷庶子，仍領舍人。 加通直散騎常侍，兼中書舍人，轉禮部郎中。 六官建，拜膳部下大夫。 慎兄善又任工部。 竝居清顯，時人榮之。 孝閔帝踐阼，除御正下大夫，進車騎大將軍、儀同三司，封淮南縣子，邑八百戶。 歷師氏、御伯中大夫。
Several years later Shen was again made tutor to the Duke of Yidu. He was transferred to recorder on the chancellor's staff. When the Eastern Palace of Wei was established, he was made palace aide to the heir apparent. He was promoted to junior tutor while still heading the palace aides. He was given the added rank of regular attendant and direct communicator, served concurrently as a secretariat aide, and was transferred to bureau director in the Ministry of Rites. When the Six Offices were established, he was made lower grand master in the Office of Provisions. Shen's elder brother Shan also held office in the Ministry of Works. Both held honored and conspicuous posts, and contemporaries spoke of them with pride. When Emperor Xiaomin took the throne, Shen was made lower grand master in the Office of Imperial Rectification, promoted to grand general of chariots and cavalry and equal in three departments, and enfeoffed Viscount of Huainan with eight hundred fief households. He held successive posts as middle grand master in the Office of the Masters and the Office of the Guardians.
46
保定初，出為湖州刺史。 州界旣雜蠻左，恒以劫掠為務。 慎乃集諸豪帥，具宣朝旨，仍令首領每月一參，或須言事者，不限時節。 慎每引見，必殷勤勸誡，及賜酒食。 一年之間，翕然從化。 諸蠻乃相謂曰：「今日始知刺史真民父母也。」 莫不欣悅。 自是繈負而至者，千有餘戶。 蠻俗，婚娶之後，父母雖在，卽與別居。 慎謂守令曰：「牧守令長是化民者也，豈有其子娶妻，便與父母離析。 非唯氓俗之失，亦是牧守之罪。」 慎乃親自誘導，示以孝慈，並遣守令各喻所部。 有數戶蠻，別居數年，遂還侍養，及行得果膳，歸奉父母。 慎感其從善之速，具以狀聞。 有詔蠲其賦役。 於是風化大行，有同華俗。
At the opening of the Baoding era he was sent out as governor of Hu Province. The province bordered tribal lands, and the local chiefs lived by raiding. Shen summoned the tribal chiefs, explained the court's policy in full, and required the leaders to attend once a month, while anyone with business to report could come at any time. Whenever he received them he counseled them warmly, admonished them, and gave them wine and food. Within a year they had submitted to his guidance. The tribesmen said to one another, "Today we finally know the governor is truly a parent to the people." All rejoiced. From then on more than a thousand households came carrying infants on their backs. Tribal custom held that once a son married, he lived apart from his parents even while they were still alive. Shen told the prefectural and county officials, "Governors and magistrates exist to transform the people. How can a son marry and at once leave his parents? That is not only a failing of popular custom but also a fault of those who govern." Shen thereupon guided them himself, teaching filial piety and kindness, and sent each official to instruct his own district. Several tribal households that had lived apart for years returned to serve their parents, and when they obtained fruit or delicacies on the road they brought them home as offerings. Moved by how quickly they reformed, Shen reported the matter in full. An edict exempted them from taxes and corvée labor. Exemplary customs then spread widely until they resembled those of the Chinese.
47
尋入為蕃部中大夫。 以疾去職，卒於家。 有文集，頗為世所傳。
He was soon recalled to serve as middle grand master in the Office of Barbarian Affairs. He resigned because of illness and died at home. He left a collected writings that circulated widely in his day.
48
薛善之以河東應李弼也，敬珍、敬祥亦率屬縣歸附。
When Xue Shan answered Li Bi from Hedong, Jing Zhen and Jing Xiang also led their counties to submit.
49
敬珍字國寶，河東蒲阪人也，漢楊州刺史韶之十世孫。 父伯樂，州主簿，安邑令。 珍偉容儀，有氣俠，學業騎射，俱為當時所稱。 祥卽珍從祖兄也，亦慷慨有大志，唯以交結英豪為務。 珍與之深相友愛，每同遊處。
Jing Zhen, courtesy name Guobao, came from Puban in Hedong and was a tenth-generation descendant of Shao, Han inspector of Yang Province. His father Bohua had served as provincial chief clerk and magistrate of Anyi. Jing Zhen had a striking presence and a chivalrous spirit; in scholarship, archery, and horsemanship alike he was praised in his day. Jing Xiang was Zhen's elder cousin; he too was open-handed and ambitious, and devoted himself to befriending heroic men. Zhen was deeply attached to him, and the two always traveled and lodged together.
50
及齊神武趨沙苑，珍謂祥曰：「高歡迫逐乘輿，播遷關右，有識之士，孰不欲推刃於其腹中？ 但力未能制耳。 今復稱兵內侮，將逞凶逆，此誠志士效命之日，當與兄圖之。」 祥聞其言甚悅，曰：「計將安出？」 珍曰：「宇文丞相寬仁大度，有霸王之略，挾天子而令諸侯，已數年矣。 觀其政刑備舉，將士用命，歡雖有衆，固非其儔。 況逆順理殊，將不戰而自潰矣。 我若招集義勇，斷其歸路，殲馘凶徒，使只輪不反，非直雪朝廷之恥，亦壯士封侯之業。」 祥深然之，遂與同郡豪右張小白、樊昭賢、王玄略等舉兵，數日之中，衆至萬餘。 將襲歡後軍，兵未進而齊神武已敗。 珍與祥邀之，多所剋獲。 及李弼軍至河東，珍與小白等率猗氏、南解、北解、安邑、溫泉、虞鄉等六縣戶十餘萬歸附。 太祖嘉之，卽拜珍平陽太守，領永寧防主； 祥龍驤將軍、行臺郎中，領相里防主。 竝賜鼓吹以寵異之。 太祖仍執珍手曰：「國家有河東之地者，卿兄弟之力。 還以此地付卿，我無東顧之憂矣。」
When Gao Huan rushed toward Sha Garden, Zhen said to Xiang, "Gao Huan is hounding the imperial carriage and driving the court west into the Guan region. Which man of judgment would not gladly run a blade through his belly? We simply lack the strength to stop him. Now he raises arms again to ravage us from within and will show his treachery in full. This is the day for men of resolve to stake their lives. Elder brother, we should plan together." Xiang was delighted and asked, "What is your plan?" Zhen said, "Chancellor Yuwen is generous and far-sighted, with the bearing of a hegemon. He holds the Son of Heaven and commands the lords—this has been so for years. His government and punishments are complete, and his officers and soldiers obey without fail. Huan may have numbers, but he is no match. Righteousness and rebellion stand on opposite grounds; his host will collapse without a battle. If we gather loyal volunteers, cut off his retreat, and destroy the rebels so that not a single wheel returns, we will not only wipe away the court's shame but also win the fief that brave men seek." Xiang agreed wholeheartedly. With local magnates Zhang Xiaobai, Fan Zhaoxian, Wang Xuanlüe, and others they raised troops, and within days their force exceeded ten thousand. They were about to strike Huan's rearguard when, before they could move, Gao Huan had already been defeated. Zhen and Xiang intercepted the retreat and took many captives and spoils. When Li Bi's army reached Hedong, Zhen with Xiaobai and the others led more than one hundred thousand households from six counties—Yishi, South Jie, North Jie, Anyi, Wenquan, and Yuxiang—to submit. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai praised them and at once made Zhen administrator of Pingyang and commandant of Yongning garrison; Xiang was made general of the dragon cavalry and mobile headquarters director, with command of Xiangli garrison. Both were granted military music as a special mark of favor. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai took Zhen by the hand and said, "That the state holds Hedong is your brothers' doing. I entrust this region to you again, and I need no longer worry about the east."
51
久之，遷絳州刺史。 以疾免，卒於家。 子元約，性貞正，有識學。 位至布憲中大夫。
After some time he was transferred to governor of Jiang Province. He was relieved because of illness and died at home. His son Yuanyue was upright by nature and had real learning and judgment. He rose to middle grand master in the Office of Proclamation of Laws.
52
小白等旣與珍歸闕，太祖嘉其立效，竝任用之。 後咸至郡守、刺史。
After Xiaobai and the others returned to court with Zhen, Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai praised their service and all were given office. Later they all rose to posts as commandery administrator or provincial governor.
53
史臣曰：鄭孝穆撫寧離散，豳岐多繈負之人； 崔謙鎮禦邊垂，江漢流載清之詠。 崔說居家理治，以嚴肅見稱，莅職當官，以猛毅為政； 崔猷立朝贊務，則嘉謀屢陳，出撫宣條，則威恩具舉。 裴俠忠勤奉上，廉約治身，吏不能欺，民懷其惠。 薛端歷居顯要，以彊直知名。 薛善任惟繁劇，以弘益流譽。 竝當時之良將也。 而善陷齊諂護以要權寵，易名為繆，斯不謬乎。
The historiographer writes: Zheng Xiaomu soothed the scattered and restored order; in Bin and Qi many came carrying infants on their backs; Cui Qian guarded the frontier, and the Jiang and Han rang with songs of his clean rule. Cui Shuo ran his household with stern discipline and was famed for it; in office he governed with fierce resolution; Cui You, when assisting at court, repeatedly offered excellent plans; when sent out to govern, he showed both stern authority and generous kindness. Pei Xia served loyally and diligently, lived frugally and with restraint; clerks could not deceive him, and the people cherished his kindness. Xue Duan held one high post after another and was known for uncompromising integrity. Xue Shan took on only the heaviest duties and won wide renown for the good he accomplished. All were excellent men of their time. Yet Shan informed on Qi Gui and flattered Duke of Jin Yuwen Hu to win power and favor; his posthumous name was changed to Miu—was that not fitting?
54
全文以中華書局、一九七一年十一月版《周書》為本校。
This text was collated against the Zhonghua Shuju edition of the 《Book of Zhou》 (November 1971).