1
資治通鑑第095卷
Comprehensive Mirror in Aid of Governance, Volume 95
2
【晉紀十七】起玄黓執徐，盡強圉作噩，凡六年。
[Records of Jin, Number Seventeen] Spanning from the cyclical year Xuanyi Zhixu through Qiangyu Zuoe—six years in all.
3
顯宗成皇帝中之上鹹和七年（ 壬辰，公元三三二年）
Under Emperor Cheng, seventh year of Xianhe ( the year renchen, AD 332)
4
春，正月，辛未，大赦。
In spring, in the first month, on the day xinwei, a general amnesty was declared.
5
趙主勒大饗群臣，謂徐光曰：「朕可方自古何等主？」 對曰：「陛下神武謀略過於漢高，後世無可比者。」 勒笑曰：「人豈不自知！ 卿言太過。 朕若遇漢高祖，當北面事之，與韓、彭比肩； 若遇光武，當並驅中原，未知鹿死誰手。 大丈夫行事，宜礌礌落落，如日月皎然，終不效曹孟德、司馬仲達欺人孤兒、寡婦，狐媚以取天下也。」 群臣皆頓首稱萬歲。
The Zhao ruler Shi Le held a grand feast for his ministers and asked Xu Guang, "Which of the ancient rulers am I fit to be compared with?" Xu Guang answered, "Your Majesty's divine martial prowess and strategic genius surpass even Emperor Gaozu of Han; no one in later ages can compare." Shi Le laughed and said, "Surely a man knows himself! You flatter me too much. Had I met Emperor Gaozu of Han, I would have served him as his vassal, ranking alongside Han Xin and Peng Yue; but had I met Emperor Guangwu, we would have contended for the Central Plains side by side—and who would have won the prize, no one could say. A true man should act with open grandeur, bright as the sun and moon—never imitating Cao Cao and Sima Yi, who preyed on orphans and widows and wheedled their way to empire." All the ministers bowed low and shouted their acclamations.
6
勒雖不學，好使諸生讀書而聽之，時以其意論古今得失，聞者莫不悅服。 嘗使人讀《漢書》，聞酈食其勸立六國後，驚曰：「此法當失，何以遂得天下？」 及聞留侯諫，乃曰：「賴有此耳！」
Though Shi Le had little formal learning, he loved to have scholars read aloud to him and would often offer his own views on the rights and wrongs of history; all who heard him were won over. Once, hearing the Book of Han read aloud, he was startled when Li Yiji's advice to restore the six states came up. "That policy should have lost him the empire," he cried—"how did he still win the realm?" When he heard how the Marquis of Liu dissuaded him, he said, "He was saved only by that!"
7
郭敬之退戍樊城也，晉人復取襄陽。 夏，四月，敬復攻拔之，留戍而歸。
After Guo Jing withdrew to garrison Fancheng, the Jin recovered Xiangyang. In summer, in the fourth month, Guo Jing attacked and took it again, left troops to hold it, and withdrew.
8
趙右僕射程遐言於趙主勒曰：「中山王勇悍權略，群臣莫及； 觀其志，自陛下之外，視之蔑如； 加以殘賊安忍，久為將帥，威振外內，其諸子年長，皆典兵權； 陛下在，自當無它，恐非少主之臣也。 宜早除之，以便大計。」 勒曰：「今天下未安，大雅沖幼，宜得強輔。 中山王骨肉至親，有佐命之功，方當委以伊、霍之任，何至如卿所言！ 卿正恐不得擅帝舅之權耳； 吾亦當參卿顧命，勿過憂也。」 遐泣曰：「臣所慮者公家，陛下乃以私計拒之，忠言何自而入乎！ 中山王雖為皇太后所養，非陛下天屬，雖有微功，陛下酬其父子恩榮亦足矣，而其志願無極，豈將來有益者乎！ 若不除之，臣見宗廟不血食矣。」 勒不聽。
Zhao's Right Vice Director Cheng Xia said to Shi Le, "The Prince of Zhongshan is bold, ruthless, and masterful in strategy—no minister can match him; by his bearing, he holds everyone but Your Majesty in contempt; he is cruel by nature, has commanded armies for years, and his prestige dominates court and camp alike; his grown sons all command troops; while you live, all may yet be well—but I doubt he will prove a loyal servant to a young heir. He should be removed now, for the sake of the dynasty's future. Shi Le replied, "The realm is still unsettled, and Daya is only a child—he needs a strong protector. The Prince of Zhongshan is my own kin and helped found the state; I mean to entrust him with a regency like Yi Yin or Huo Guang—how can it be as you say! You only fear you will not keep your monopoly as the emperor's uncle-in-law; I will name you among the regents as well—do not fret so much." Cheng Xia wept and said, "I speak for the state, yet Your Majesty dismisses me with private suspicions—how can honest counsel ever reach you? Though the Empress Dowager raised the Prince of Zhongshan, he is not your blood kin; you have already rewarded his service more than enough, yet his ambitions know no limit—will he truly serve the heir? If you do not remove him, I see the ancestral temple left without sacrifice." Shi Le would not heed him."
9
遐退，告徐光，光曰：「中山王常切齒於吾二人，恐非但危國，亦將為家禍也。」 它日，光承間言於勒曰：「今國家無事，而陛下神色若有不怡，何也？」 勒曰：「吳、蜀未平，吾恐後世不以吾為受命之王也。」 光曰：「魏承漢運，劉備雖興於蜀，漢豈得為不亡乎！」 孫權在吳，猶今之李氏也。 陛下苞括二都，平蕩八州，帝王之統不在陛下，復當在誰！ 且陛下不憂腹心之疾，而更憂四支乎！ 中山王藉陛下威略，所向輒克，而天下皆言其英武亞於陛下。 且其資性不仁，見利忘義，父子並據權位，勢傾王室； 而耿耿常有不滿之心。 近於東宮侍宴，有輕皇太子之色。 臣恐陛下萬年之後，不可複製也。」 勒默然，始命太子省可尚書奏事，且以中常侍嚴震參綜可否，惟征伐斷斬大事乃呈之。 於是嚴震之權過於主相，中山王虎之門可設雀羅矣。 虎愈怏怏不悅。
When Cheng Xia withdrew, he told Xu Guang, who said, "The Prince of Zhongshan already bears us a grudge—I fear he will ruin not only the state but our families as well." Another day Xu Guang took occasion to ask Shi Le, "The realm is at peace, yet Your Majesty seems troubled—why?" Shi Le said, "Wu and Shu are not yet subdued—I fear later ages will not count me among the true heirs of Heaven." Xu Guang said, "Wei inherited Han's mandate; though Liu Bei rose in Shu, did Han not still fall?" Sun Quan in Wu is no different from the Li family of today. You hold both capitals and have pacified eight provinces—if the imperial succession is not yours, whose can it be? Should you not worry about the disease at your heart rather than your limbs? The Prince of Zhongshan wins every battle under your banner, and the realm already says his prowess rivals yours. His nature is cruel; he forgets duty for gain; father and son together dominate the court, their power eclipsing the throne; and he nurses a perpetual grievance. At a recent feast in the Eastern Palace he showed open contempt for the crown prince. I fear that after Your Majesty's passing, no one will be able to control him." Shi Le fell silent, then ordered the crown prince to review memorials to the Masters of Writing, with Palace Attendant Yan Zhen deciding routine matters; only war, capital punishment, and major policy reached the throne. Yan Zhen's power now exceeded the chief minister's, and sparrows could have nested undisturbed at Prince of Zhongshan Shi Hu's gate. Shi Hu grew ever more sullen and resentful.
10
秋，趙郭敬南掠江西，太尉侃遣其子平西參軍斌及南中郎將桓宣乘虛攻樊城，悉俘其眾。 敬旋救樊，宣與戰於涅水，破之，皆得其所掠。 侃兄子臻及竟陵太守李陽攻新野，拔之。 敬懼，遁去； 宣陽遂拔襄陽。
In autumn Guo Jing of Zhao raided south of the Yangzi. Grand Commandant Tao Kan sent his son Bin, an aide on the Pingxi staff, and Southern Gentlemen-General Huan Xuan to strike Fancheng while the enemy was away and took all the garrison captive. Guo Jing turned back to relieve Fancheng; Huan Xuan met him on the Nie River, routed him, and recovered everything the raiders had taken. Tao Kan's nephew Zhen and Jingling prefect Li Yang attacked Xinye and took it. Guo Jing fled in fear; and Huan Xuan and Li Yang went on to recover Xiangyang.
11
侃使宣鎮襄陽，宣招懷初附，簡刑罰，略威儀，勸課農桑，或載鉏耒於軺軒，親帥民芸獲。 在襄陽十餘年，趙人再攻之，宣以寡弱拒守，趙人不能勝； 時人以為亞於祖逖、周訪。
Tao Kan stationed Huan Xuan at Xiangyang, where he won over the newly submitted, eased punishments, cut back ceremony, promoted farming, and sometimes rode out in his carriage with hoe and plow to lead the people in the fields. For more than ten years at Xiangyang the Zhao attacked twice; with scant forces he held them off each time; and contemporaries ranked him just below Zu Ti and Zhou Fang.
12
成大將軍壽寇寧州，以其征東將軍費黑為前鋒，出廣漢，鎮南將軍任回出越巂，以分寧州之兵。
Cheng's Grand General Li Shou invaded Ning Province. He sent Eastern Campaign General Fei Hei ahead from Guanghan and Southern Pacification General Ren Hui from Yuexi to divide the enemy's strength.
13
冬，十月，壽、黑至朱提，朱提太守董炳城守，寧州刺史尹奉遣建寧太守霍彪引兵助之。 壽欲逆拒彪，黑曰：「城中食少，宜縱彪入城，共消其谷，何為拒之！」 壽從之。 城久不下，壽欲急攻之。 黑曰：「南中險阻難服，當以日月制之，待其智勇俱困，然後取之，溷牢之物，何足汲汲也。」 壽不從，攻，果不利，乃悉以軍事任黑。
In winter, in the tenth month, Shou and Hei reached Zhuti. Prefect Dong Bing held the city while Ningzhou inspector Yin Feng sent Jianning prefect Huo Biao with reinforcements. Shou wanted to block Biao, but Hei said, "They have little food in the city—let Biao in so his men will eat their stores. Why turn him away?" Shou agreed. When the siege dragged on, Shou wanted to storm the walls. Hei said, "The south is rugged and hard to tame—wear them down over time until wit and courage fail, then take them. Why rush after something trapped in a privy?" Shou refused, attacked, met defeat, and then gave Hei full command.
14
十一月，壬子朔，進太尉侃為大將軍，劍履上殿，入朝不趨，贊拜不名； 侃固辭不受。
In the eleventh month, on the new moon of renzi, Grand Commandant Tao Kan was promoted to Grand General with the privileges of wearing sword and shoes in the palace, entering court without hurrying, and being acclaimed without use of his personal name; Tao Kan firmly declined the honor.
15
十二月，庚戌，帝遷於新宮。
In the twelfth month, on the day gengxu, the emperor moved into the new palace.
16
是歲，涼州僚屬勸張駿稱涼王，領秦、涼二州牧，置公卿百官如魏武、晉文故事。 駿曰：「此非人臣所宜言也。 敢言此者，罪不赦！」 然境內皆稱之為王。 駿立次子重華為世子。
That year the officials of Liang Province urged Zhang Jun to declare himself King of Liang, govern Qin and Liang provinces, and set up a full court on the model of Cao Cao and Sima Zhao. Zhang Jun said, "These are not words a loyal subject should speak. Whoever dares speak so again shall not be pardoned!" Yet throughout his domain everyone called him king. Zhang Jun named his second son Chonghua heir apparent.
17
顯宗成皇帝中之上鹹和八年（ 癸已，公元三三三年）
Under Emperor Cheng, eighth year of Xianhe ( the year guisi, AD 333)
18
春，正月，成大將軍李壽拔朱提，董炳、霍彪皆降，壽威震南中。
In spring, in the first month, Li Shou captured Zhuti; Dong Bing and Huo Biao surrendered, and his prestige dominated the southern frontier.
19
丙子，趙主勒遣使來修好； 詔焚其幣。
On the day bingzi, Shi Le of Zhao sent envoys seeking peace; and an edict ordered their tribute burned.
20
三月，寧州刺史尹奉降於成，成盡有南中之地，大赦，以大將軍壽領寧州。
In the third month Yin Feng surrendered; Cheng held all of the south, declared a general amnesty, and put Grand General Shou in charge of Ning Province.
21
夏，五月，甲寅，遼東武宣公慕容廆卒。 六月，世子皝以平北將軍行平州刺史，督攝部內。 赦系囚。 以長史裴開為軍諮祭酒，郎中令高詡為玄菟太守。 皝以帶方太守王誕為左長史，誕以遼東太守陽騖為才而讓之； 皝從之，以誕為右長史。
In summer, in the fifth month, on the day jiayin, Murong Hui, Duke Wu of Liaodong, died. In the sixth month heir Murong Huang, as Pacifier of the North acting governor of Ping Province, took charge of the domain. He granted amnesty to prisoners. He made chief clerk Pei Kai army adviser and master of palace gentlemen Gao Xu prefect of Xuantu. Huang named Daifang prefect Wang Dan left chief clerk, but Dan, judging Liaodong prefect Yang Ji the abler man, yielded the post to him; Huang agreed and made Dan right chief clerk instead.
22
趙主勒寢疾，中山王虎入侍禁中，矯詔，群臣親戚皆不得入； 疾之增損，外無知者。 又矯詔召秦王宏、彭城王堪還襄國。 勒疾小廖，見宏，驚曰：「吾使王處籓鎮，正備今日，有召王者邪，將自來邪？ 有召者，當按誅之！」 虎懼曰：「秦王思慕，暫還耳，今遣之。」 仍留不遣。 數日，復問之，虎曰：「受詔即遣，今已半道矣。」 廣阿有蝗，虎密使其子冀州刺史邃帥騎三千游於蝗所。
When Shi Le fell ill, Prince of Zhongshan Shi Hu attended him inside the palace, forged edicts, and barred ministers and kin alike; so no one outside knew whether he improved or worsened. He also forged orders recalling Princes Hong of Qin and Kan of Pengcheng to Xiangguo. When Shi Le briefly rallied and saw Hong, he exclaimed, "I posted you on the frontier for just such a day—were you summoned, or did you come on your own? If anyone summoned you, he shall answer with his life!" Shi Hu, afraid, said, "Prince Hong missed you and came only briefly—I am sending him back now." Yet he kept Hong and would not let him go. Days later Shi Le asked again; Hu said, "I sent him as soon as I received your order—he is already halfway back." When locusts struck Guang'e, Hu secretly sent his son Sui, governor of Ji Province, with three thousand cavalry to the affected region.
23
秋，七月，勒疾篤，遺命曰：「大雅兄弟，宜善相保，司馬氏，汝曹之前車也。 中山王宜深思周、霍，勿為將來口實。」 戊辰，勒卒。 中山王虎劫太子弘使臨軒，收右光祿大夫程遐、中書令徐光，下廷尉，召邃使將兵入宿衛，文武皆奔散。 弘大懼，自陳劣弱，讓位於虎。 虎曰：「君終，太子立，禮之常也。」 弘涕泣固讓，虎怒曰：「若不堪重任，天下自有大義，何足豫論！」 弘乃即位。 大赦。 殺程遐、徐光。 夜，以勒喪潛瘞山谷，莫知其處。 己卯，備儀衛，虛葬於高平陵，謚曰明帝，廟號高祖。
In autumn, in the seventh month, Shi Le lay dying. His last words were, "Daya and his brothers must protect one another—the fate of the Sima clan is your warning. Prince of Zhongshan, take Yi Yin and Huo Guang as your models—do not give posterity cause to condemn you." On the day wuchen Shi Le died. Shi Hu forced Crown Prince Hong to the throne, arrested Cheng Xia and Xu Guang and sent them to prison, called in Sui with troops as palace guard, and courtiers fled in panic. Hong, terrified, declared himself unfit and offered the throne to Shi Hu. Shi Hu said, "When the sovereign dies the heir succeeds—that is the law of ritual." Hong wept and refused again. Shi Hu snapped, "If you cannot bear the burden, the realm will find its own remedy—why debate it now?" Hong then took the throne. A general amnesty was declared. He executed Cheng Xia and Xu Guang. That night they secretly interred Shi Le's remains in a mountain valley, and no one knew where. On the day jimao they staged a full honor guard and conducted a ceremonial burial at Gaoping Mausoleum; he was given the posthumous title Emperor Ming and the temple name High Ancestor.
24
趙將石聰及譙郡太守彭彪，各遣使來降。 聰本晉人，冒姓石氏。 朝廷遣督護喬球將兵救之，未至，聰等為虎所誅。
The Zhao general Shi Cong and Peng Biao, prefect of Qiao commandery, each sent envoys to submit. Shi Cong was originally a Jin subject who had assumed the surname Shi. The Jin court dispatched Supervisor-Protector Qiao Qiu with troops to relieve them, but before he arrived Shi Cong and his fellows were put to death by Shi Hu.
25
慕容皝遣長史勃海王濟等來告喪。
Murong Huang sent his chief clerk Wang Ji of Bohai and others to announce his father's death.
26
八月，趙主弘以中山王虎為丞相、魏王、大單于，加九錫，以魏郡等十三郡為國，總攝百揆。 虎赦其境內，立妻鄭氏為魏王后； 子邃為魏太子，加使持節、侍中、都督中外諸軍事、大將軍、錄尚書事； 次子宣為使持節、車騎大將軍、冀州刺史，封河間王； 韜為前鋒將軍、司隸校尉，封樂安王； 遵封齊王，鑒封代王，苞封樂平王； 徙平原王斌為章武王。 勒文武舊臣，皆補散任； 虎之府寮親黨，悉署台省要職。 以鎮軍將軍夔安領左僕射，尚書郭殷為右僕射。 更命太子宮曰崇訓宮，太后劉氏以下皆徙居之。 選勒宮人及車馬、服玩之美者，皆入丞相府。
In the eighth month Zhao's ruler Shi Hong named the Prince of Zhongshan, Shi Hu, chancellor, Prince of Wei, and grand chanyu, granted him the Nine Bestowals, carved out thirteen commanderies including Wei as his princedom, and placed all government under his direction. Shi Hu declared an amnesty in his domain and made his wife Lady Zheng Princess of Wei; his son Shi Sui as heir of Wei, with additional titles as envoy bearing the imperial staff, palace attendant, commander of all armies at home and abroad, grand general, and recorder of the Masters of Writing; his second son Xuan as envoy with staff, general of chariots and cavalry, and inspector of Jizhou, enfeoffed as Prince of Hejian; Tao as vanguard general and colonel director of retainers, enfeoffed as Prince of Le'an; Zun was made Prince of Qi, Jian Prince of Dai, and Bao Prince of Leping; the Prince of Pingyuan, Bin, was reassigned as Prince of Zhangwu. Shi Le's veteran civil and military officials were all given hollow appointments; Shi Hu's household staff and kin filled every key post at court. The pacifying-the-army general Kui An was named acting left vice director, and Master of Writing Guo Yin right vice director. The crown prince's palace was renamed the Palace of Exalted Instruction, and Empress Dowager Liu and everyone beneath her were relocated there. The finest of Shi Le's palace women, carriages, horses, and luxuries were taken into the chancellor's residence.
27
宇文乞得歸為其東部大人逸豆歸所逐，走死於外。 慕容皝引兵討之，軍於廣安； 逸豆歸懼而請和，遂築榆陰、安晉二城而還。
Wenyan Qidedegui was expelled by Yidougui, chieftain of the eastern branch of his tribe, and fled to his death in exile. Murong Huang marched against him and encamped at Guang'an; Yidougui, alarmed, sued for peace; Murong Huang then built the fortresses of Yuyin and Anjin and withdrew.
28
成建寧、牂柯二郡來降，李壽復擊取之。
The Cheng commanderies of Jianning and Zangke submitted, but Li Shou struck back and retook them.
29
趙劉太后謂彭城王堪曰：「先帝甫晏駕，丞相遽相陵籍如此。 帝祚之亡，殆不復久。 王將若之何？」 堪曰：「先帝舊臣，皆被疏斥，軍旅不復由人，宮省之內，無可為者； 臣請奔兗州，挾南陽王恢為盟主，據廩丘，宣太后詔於牧、守、征、鎮，使各舉兵以誅暴逆，庶幾猶有濟也。」 劉氏曰：「事急矣！ 當速為之。」 九月，堪微服、輕騎襲兗州，不克，南奔譙城。 丞相虎遣其將郭太追之，獲堪於城父，送襄國，炙而殺之。 征南陽王恢還襄國。 劉氏謀洩，虎廢而殺之，尊弘母程氏為皇太后。 堪本田氏子，數有功，趙主勒養以為子。 劉氏有膽略，勒每與之參決軍事，佐勒建功業，有呂後之風，而不□石忌更過之。
Zhao's Empress Dowager Liu said to the Prince of Pengcheng, Kan, "Our late emperor has only just died, and already the chancellor bullies us like this. The dynasty's end cannot be far away. What will you do?" Kan replied, "The late emperor's old ministers have all been cast aside; no one else controls the armies anymore, and inside the palace there is nothing we can do; I ask leave to flee to Yanzhou, rally the Prince of Nanyang, Hui, as our leader, seize Linqiu, and proclaim Your Majesty's edict to every governor, prefect, and regional commander, calling on each to raise troops against this tyrant—there may yet be hope." Empress Dowager Liu said, "There is no time to lose! Act at once." In the ninth month Kan, in disguise and with a small mounted force, struck at Yanzhou but failed and fled south to Qiaocheng. Chancellor Shi Hu sent his general Guo Tai in pursuit, seized Kan at Chengfù, sent him to Xiangguo, and killed him by slow roasting. He recalled the Prince of Nanyang, Hui, to Xiangguo. When Liu's plot was exposed, Shi Hu deposed and killed her and elevated Hong's mother, Lady Cheng, to empress dowager. Kan was originally a Tian clansman who had won repeated distinction; Shi Le had adopted him as a son. Empress Dowager Liu was bold and shrewd; Shi Le had often consulted her on military affairs, and she had helped him build the state in the manner of Empress Lü—yet Shi Hu's jealousy of her went even further.
30
趙河東王生鎮關中，石朗鎮洛陽。 冬，十月，生、朗皆舉兵以討丞相虎； 生自稱秦州刺史，遣使來降。 氐帥蒲洪自稱雍州刺史，西附張駿。
Zhao's Prince of Hedong, Sheng, held Guanzhong, and Shi Lang held Luoyang. In winter, the tenth month, Sheng and Lang both took up arms against Chancellor Shi Hu; Sheng declared himself inspector of Qinzhou and sent envoys to submit to Jin. The Di chieftain Pu Hong declared himself inspector of Yongzhou and threw in his lot with Zhang Jun in the west.
31
虎留太子邃守襄國，將步騎七萬攻朗於金墉； 金墉潰，獲朗，刖而斬之； 進向長安，以梁王挺為前鋒大都督。 生遣將軍郭權帥鮮卑涉瑰眾二萬為前鋒以拒之，生將大軍繼發，軍於蒲阪。 權與挺戰於潼關，大破之，挺及丞相左長史劉隗皆死，虎還奔澠池，枕屍三百餘里。 鮮卑潛與虎通謀，反擊生。 生不知挺已死，懼，單騎奔長安。 權收餘眾，退屯渭汭。 生遂棄長安，匿於雞頭山。 將軍蔣英據長安拒守，虎進兵擊英，斬之。 生麾下斬生以降； 權奔隴右。
Shi Hu left the heir Sui to hold Xiangguo and marched seventy thousand foot and horse to attack Lang at Jinyong; Jinyong collapsed; he took Lang prisoner, mutilated him, and beheaded him; then pressed on toward Chang'an, naming the Prince of Liang, Ting, grand vanguard commander. Sheng sent General Guo Quan ahead with twenty thousand Xianbei of the Shegui tribe as vanguard, then followed with the main army and encamped at Puban. Quan met Ting at Tong Pass and shattered his army; Ting and the chancellor's left chief clerk Liu Wei were both killed; Shi Hu fled toward Mianchi, and the dead lay thick for more than three hundred li along the road. The Xianbei had secretly made common cause with Shi Hu and turned on Sheng. Sheng, unaware that Ting was dead, panicked and rode alone to Chang'an. Quan rallied the survivors and fell back to the bend of the Wei River. Sheng then abandoned Chang'an and hid on Mount Jitou. General Jiang Ying held Chang'an in defiance; Shi Hu advanced, struck him down, and beheaded him. Sheng's own men slew him and surrendered; Guo Quan fled into Longyou.
32
虎分命諸將屯汧、隴，遣將軍麻秋討蒲洪。 洪帥戶二萬降於虎，虎迎拜洪光烈將軍、護氐校尉。 洪至長安，說虎徙關中豪傑及氐、羌以實東方，曰：「諸氐皆洪家部曲，洪帥以從，誰敢違者！」 虎從之，徙秦、雍民及氐、羌十餘萬戶於關東。 以洪為龍驤將軍、流民都督，使居枋頭； 以羌帥姚弋仲為奮武將軍、西羌大都督，使帥其眾數萬徙居清河之灄頭。
Shi Hu posted his generals along Qian and Long and sent General Ma Qiu against Pu Hong. Pu Hong led twenty thousand households in submission; Shi Hu received him and named him general of glorious martiality and colonel protector of the Di. At Chang'an, Pu Hong urged Shi Hu to relocate Guanzhong's leading families and the Di and Qiang to populate the east, saying, "Every Di band is my household's following—if I lead them, who would dare refuse?" Shi Hu agreed and moved more than a hundred thousand households from Qin and Yong, Di and Qiang alike, east of the passes. He made Pu Hong dragon-courser general and commander of displaced populations, with his seat at Fangtou; and he made the Qiang chieftain Yao Yaochong stirring-martiality general and grand commander of the western Qiang, ordering him to relocate his tens of thousands of followers to Shantou in Qinghe.
33
虎還襄國，大赦。 趙主弘命虎建魏台，一如魏武王輔漢故事。
Shi Hu returned to Xiangguo and proclaimed a general amnesty. Zhao's ruler Hong ordered Shi Hu to set up a Wei administration, on the model of King Wu of Wei assisting the Han.
34
慕容皝初嗣位，用法嚴峻，國人多不自安，主簿皇甫真切諫，不聽。
When Murong Huang first took the throne his laws were harsh, and the people were uneasy; his registrar Huangfu Zhen remonstrated forcefully, but he would not listen.
35
皝庶兄建威將軍翰、母弟征虜將軍仁，有勇略，屢立戰功，得士心，季弟昭，有才藝； 皆有寵於廆。 皝忌之，翰歎曰：「吾受事於先公，不敢不盡力，幸賴先公之靈，所向有功，此乃天贊吾國，非人力也。 而人謂吾之所辦，以為雄才難制，吾豈可坐而待禍邪！」 乃與其子出奔段氏。 段遼素聞其才，冀收其用，甚愛重之。
Huang's elder half-brother, Establishing Might General Han, and his younger uterine brother, Campaigning-against-Captives General Ren, were bold and clever, won repeated victories, and held the loyalty of the troops; their youngest brother Zhao was gifted and cultivated; all had been favorites of Murong Hui. Murong Huang resented them. Han sighed and said, "I served our late father and gave him my utmost; thanks to his blessing I won wherever I fought—that was Heaven aiding our state, not my own prowess. Yet men credit my deeds to a talent too great to tolerate—am I to sit still and wait for ruin?" He fled with his son to the Duan. Duan Liao had long admired his ability and hoped to win his service, and treated him with great honor.
36
仁自平郭來奔喪，謂昭曰：「吾等素驕，多無禮於嗣君，嗣君剛嚴，無罪猶可畏，況有罪乎！」 昭曰：「吾輩皆體正嫡，於國有分。 兄素得士心，我在內未為所疑，伺其間隙，除之不難。 兄趣舉兵以來，我為內應，事成之日，與我遼東。 男子舉事，不克則死，不能效建威偷生異域地。」 仁曰：「善！」 遂還平郭。 閏月，仁舉兵而西。
Ren came from Pingguo for the funeral and said to Zhao, "We have always been proud and often rude to the new lord. He is harsh—even the innocent have reason to fear him, let alone the guilty! Zhao replied, "We are all sons of the legitimate line and have a claim on the realm. You have always held the troops' loyalty; inside the capital I am not yet suspect—wait for an opening and removing him will not be difficult. Brother, raise your forces and march; I will act from within. When we succeed, Liaodong is mine. When a man takes such a stand, he wins or he dies—I will not imitate Establishing Might and skulk out his days in a foreign land." Ren said, "Well said!" He returned to Pingguo. In the intercalary month Ren raised his army and marched west.
37
或以仁、昭之謀告皝，皝未之信，遣使按驗。 仁兵已至黃水，知事露，殺使者，還據平郭。 皝賜昭死，遣軍祭酒封弈慰撫遼東，以高詡為廣武將軍，將兵五千與庶弟建武將軍幼、稚、廣威將軍軍、寧遠將軍汗、司馬遼東佟壽共討仁。 與仁戰於汶城北，皝兵大敗，幼、稚、軍皆為仁所獲。 壽嘗為仁司馬，遂降於仁。 前大農孫機等舉遼東城以應仁。 封弈不得入，與汗俱還。 東夷校尉封抽、護軍平原乙逸、遼東相太原韓矯皆棄城走，於是仁盡有遼東之地； 段遼及鮮卑諸部皆與仁遙相應援。 皝追思皇甫真之言，以真為平州別駕。
Someone informed Murong Huang of Ren and Zhao's plot; he did not believe it and sent an envoy to investigate. Ren's army had already reached Huangshui; when he learned the plot was exposed, he killed the envoy and fell back on Pingguo. Murong Huang ordered Zhao to take his own life and sent army libationer Feng Yi to pacify Liaodong; he named Gao Xu general of expansive martiality and sent five thousand men with his younger brothers Establishing Martiality You, Zhi, Expansive Might Jun, Pacifying-the-Distance Han, and Liaodong major-domo Tong Shou to crush Ren. They met Ren north of Wen City; Murong Huang's force was routed, and You, Zhi, and Jun were all taken. Tong Shou had once served Ren as major-domo and now went over to him. Former grand minister of agriculture Sun Ji and others rose in Liaodong city to join Ren. Feng Yi could not enter the city and withdrew with Han. The Colonel of the Eastern Yi Feng Chou, Protector of the Army Yiyi of Pingyuan, and Liaodong Administrator Han Jiao of Taiyuan all abandoned their posts and fled; Ren now held all of Liaodong; Duan Liao and the Xianbei tribes all rallied to Ren from afar. Murong Huang recalled Huangfu Zhen's warning and appointed him acting governor of Pingzhou.
38
十二月，郭權據上邽，遣使來降； 京兆、新平、扶風、馮翊、北地皆應之。
In the twelfth month Guo Quan held Shanggui and sent envoys to submit; Jingzhao, Xinping, Fufeng, Fengyi, and Beidi all rose in his support.
39
初，張駿欲假道於成以通表建康，成主雄不許。 駿乃遣治中從事張淳稱籓於成以假道； 雄偽許之，將使盜覆諸東峽。 蜀人橋贊密以告淳，淳謂雄曰：「寡君使小臣行無跡之地，萬里通誠於建康者，以陛下嘉尚忠義，能成人之美故也。 若欲殺臣者，當斬之都市，宣示眾目曰：『涼州不忘舊德，通使琅邪，主聖臣明，發覺殺之。』 如此，則義聲遠播，天下畏威。 今使盜殺之江中，威刑不顯，何足以示天下乎！」 雄大驚曰：「安有此邪！」
Earlier Zhang Jun had sought passage through Cheng to send a memorial to the Jin court at Jiankang, but Cheng's ruler Li Xiong refused. Zhang Jun then sent his attendant clerk Zhang Chun to declare vassalage to Cheng in order to obtain the route; Li Xiong pretended to agree and planned to have robbers capsize his boat in the eastern gorge. A Shu man named Qiao Zan secretly warned Zhang Chun. Chun told Li Xiong, "My lord sent me across trackless country ten thousand li to bear his loyalty to Jiankang because he believed Your Majesty honored righteousness and would help another fulfill a noble aim. If you mean to kill me, do it in the open market and proclaim to all: 'Liangzhou remembered old ties and sent an envoy to Langye; our sage ruler and wise ministers uncovered the plot and put him to death.' That way your righteous name would travel far and the realm would tremble at your power. But to have thieves murder me on the river—where is the majesty in that? How would that impress the world?" Li Xiong was startled and said, "Surely there is no such plan!"
40
司隸校尉景騫言於雄曰：「張淳壯士，請留之。」 雄曰：「壯士安肯留！ 且試以卿意觀之。」 騫謂淳曰：「卿體豐大，天熱，可且遣下吏，小住須涼。」 淳曰：「寡君以皇輿播越，梓宮未返，生民塗炭，莫之振救，故遣淳通誠上都。 所論事重，非下吏所能傳； 使下吏可了，則淳亦不來矣。 雖火山湯海，猶將赴之，豈寒暑之足憚哉！」 雄謂淳曰：「貴主英名蓋世，土險兵強，何不亦稱帝自娛一方？」 淳曰：「寡君祖考以來，世篤忠貞，以仇恥未雪，枕戈待旦，何自娛之有！」 雄甚慚，曰：「我之祖考本亦晉臣，遭天下大亂，與六郡之民避難此州，為眾所推，遂有今日。 琅邪若能中興大晉於中國者，亦當帥眾輔之。」 厚為淳禮而遣之。 淳卒致命於建康。
Colonel director of retainers Jing Qian said to Li Xiong, "Zhang Chun is a man of mettle—keep him here." Li Xiong said, "A man like that will never stay! Try him yourself and see." Jing Qian told Zhang Chun, "You are a big man, and the heat is fierce—send your clerks ahead and rest here until the weather turns cooler." Zhang Chun said, "My lord, with the imperial house driven into exile, the late emperor's coffin still unreclaimed, and the people drowning in misery with no one to save them, sent me to bear his loyalty to the court at Jiankang. The business at hand is grave—no clerk can carry it; had a clerk sufficed, I would not be here at all. I would cross seas of fire and boiling water—how could mere heat and cold make me flinch!" Li Xiong said to Zhang Chun, "Your lord's fame towers over the age, his lands are rugged and his armies strong—why not declare yourself emperor and rule your corner in peace?" Zhang Chun said, "From his forebears our lord's house has been steeped in loyalty; with shame and vengeance still unpaid, he sleeps with a spear at his pillow awaiting dawn—what room is there for self-indulgence!" Li Xiong was deeply ashamed and said, "My forebears too were Jin subjects; when the realm fell into chaos we fled here with the people of six commanderies, were pressed forward by the multitude, and so came to what we are today. If Langye can restore Great Jin in the Central Plains, I too shall lead my forces to aid him." He treated Zhang Chun with great courtesy and sent him on his way. Zhang Chun at last fulfilled his mission at Jiankang.
41
長安之失守也，敦煌計吏耿訪自漢中入江東，屢上書請遣大使慰撫涼州。 朝廷以訪守侍書御史，拜張駿鎮西大將軍，選隴西賈陵等十二人配之。 訪至梁州，道不通，以詔書付賈陵，詐為賈客以達之。 是歲，陵始至涼州，駿遣部曲督王豐等報謝。
After Chang'an fell, Geng Fang, an accounting clerk from Dunhuang, came east from Hanzhong into the lower Yangtze region and repeatedly petitioned the court to send a high envoy to comfort and reassure Liangzhou. The court made Geng Fang acting imperial secretary, invested Zhang Jun as Grand General Who Pacifies the West, and chose twelve men including Jia Ling of Longxi to go with him. Geng Fang reached Liang Province but the route was cut; he handed the imperial edict to Jia Ling, who posed as a merchant to get through. That year Jia Ling at last reached Liangzhou; Zhang Jun sent his retinue commander Wang Feng and others back with thanks.
42
顯宗成皇帝中之上鹹和九年（ 甲午，公元三三四年）
Under Emperor Cheng, ninth year of Xianhe ( the year jiawu, AD 334)
43
春，正月，趙改元延熙。
In spring, in the first month, Zhao adopted the era name Yanxi.
44
詔以郭權為鎮西將軍、雍州刺史。
An edict appointed Guo Quan General Who Pacifies the West and Inspector of Yong Province.
45
仇池王楊難敵卒，子毅立，自稱龍驤將軍、左賢王、下辨公； 以叔父堅頭之子盤為冠軍將軍、右賢王、河池公，遣使來稱籓。
The Chouchi king Yang Nandisou died; his son Yi succeeded him, styling himself General of Dragon Cavalry, Left Worthy King, and Duke of Xia Bian; he appointed Pan, son of his uncle Jiantou, General Who Establishes Might, Right Worthy King, and Duke of Hechi, and sent envoys to submit as a vassal.
46
二月，丁卯，詔遣耿訪、王豐繼印綬授張駿大將軍、都督陝西、雍、秦、涼州諸軍事。 自是每歲使者不絕。
In the second month, on the day dingmao, an edict sent Geng Fang and Wang Feng with seals and cords to invest Zhang Jun as Grand General and commander of military affairs in Shaanxi, Yong, Qin, and Liang. From then on envoys traveled back and forth every year without interruption.
47
慕容仁以司馬翟楷領東夷校尉，前平州別駕龐鑒領遼東相。
Murong Ren had his marshal Zhai Kai serve as Colonel of the Eastern Yi and the former Pingzhou registrar Pang Jian as Administrator of Liaodong.
48
段遼遣兵襲徒河，不克； 復遣其弟蘭與慕客翰共攻柳城，柳城都尉石琮、城大慕輿泥並力拒守，蘭等不克而退。 遼怒，切責蘭等，必令拔之。 休息二旬，復益兵來攻。 士皆重袍蒙楯，作飛梯，四面俱進，晝夜不息。 琮、泥拒守彌固，殺傷千餘人，卒不能拔。 慕容皝遣慕容汗及司馬封弈等共救之。 皝戒汗曰：「賊氣銳，勿與爭鋒！」 汗性驍果，以千餘騎為前鋒，直進。 封弈止之，汗不從。 與蘭遇於牛尾谷，汗兵大敗，死者太半； 弈整陳力戰，故得不沒。
Duan Liao sent troops to raid Tuhe but failed; he again sent his younger brother Lan and Murong Han to attack Liucheng together; Commandant Shi Cong and city chief Murong Ni defended with combined strength, and Lan's forces could not prevail and withdrew. Duan Liao was furious, sharply rebuked Lan and the others, and ordered them to take the city at all costs. After resting twenty days, they reinforced their army and attacked again. The soldiers wore heavy coats, shielded their heads, raised siege ladders, and pressed the assault from all four sides day and night without pause. Shi Cong and Murong Ni held ever more firmly, killing and wounding more than a thousand men, and in the end the attackers could not take the city. Murong Huang sent Murong Khan, Registrar Feng Yi, and others to relieve the city. Murong Huang warned Murong Khan, "The enemy's spirit is keen—do not meet them head-on!" Murong Khan was bold and resolute by nature; he took more than a thousand horsemen as vanguard and charged straight ahead. Feng Yi tried to stop him, but Murong Khan would not heed him. They met Duan Lan at Niwei Valley; Murong Khan's army was routed and more than half his men were killed; Feng Yi re-formed the line and fought with all his strength, and so the force was not wiped out.
49
蘭欲乘勝窮追，慕容翰恐遂滅其國，止之曰：「夫為將當務慎重，審己量敵，非萬全不可動。 今雖挫其偏師，未能屈其大勢。 皝多權詐，好為潛伏，若悉國中之眾自將以拒我，我縣軍深入，眾寡不敵，此危道也。 且受命之日，正求此捷； 若違命貪進，萬一取敗，功名俱喪，何以返面！」 蘭曰：「此已成擒，無有餘理，卿正慮遂滅卿國耳！ 今千年在東，若進而得志，吾將迎之以為國嗣，終不負卿，使宗廟不祀也。」 千年者，慕容仁小字也。 翰曰：「吾投身相依，無復還理； 國之存亡，於我何有！ 但欲為大國之計，且相為惜功名耳。」 乃命所部欲獨還，蘭不得已而從之。
Duan Lan wished to pursue while the advantage held; Murong Han, fearing their state would be destroyed, stopped him and said, "A commander must be cautious, sizing up himself and the enemy—he must not move unless the odds are sure. We have checked only a flank force today, not broken their main power. Murong Huang is full of stratagems and loves ambush; if he leads the whole nation's forces against us himself, we will be an army deep in hostile country, few against many—that is the road to ruin. Besides, from the day we received our orders, this victory is precisely what was required; if we disobey orders and press on from greed, and should we fail, fame and achievement are lost together—how could we ever show our faces again!" Duan Lan said, "They are as good as taken—there is no other outcome; you only fear they will wipe out your country! Qiannian is in the east now; if we advance and prevail, I shall welcome him as heir to the state and will never fail you, so your ancestral temples are not left without sacrifice." Qiannian was Murong Ren's courtesy name. Murong Han said, "I have cast my lot with you and there is no turning back; whether the state lives or dies—what is that to me! I only mean to plan for the great state and to spare your shared glory, that is all. Thereupon he ordered his command to withdraw on its own; Duan Lan had no choice but to follow."
50
三月，成主雄分寧州置交州，以霍彪為寧州刺史，爨深為交州刺史。
In the third month, Cheng ruler Li Xiong split off Jiaozhou from Ningzhou, appointing Huo Biao Inspector of Ning and Cuan Shen Inspector of Jiao.
51
趙丞相虎遣其將郭敖及章武王斌，帥步騎四萬西擊郭權，軍於華陰； 夏，四月，上邽豪族殺權以降。 虎徙秦州三萬餘戶於青、並二州。 長安人陳良夫奔黑羌，與北羌王薄句大等侵擾北地、馮翊。 章武王斌、樂安王韜合擊，破之，句大奔馬蘭山。 郭敖乘勝逐北，為羌所敗，死者什七八。 斌等收軍還三城。 虎遣使誅郭敖。 秦王宏有怨言，虎幽之。
Zhao Chancellor Shi Hu sent his generals Guo Ao and Prince of Zhangwu Bin with forty thousand foot and horse west against Guo Quan, encamping at Huayin; In summer, in the fourth month, the powerful families of Shanggui killed Guo Quan and surrendered. Shi Hu moved more than thirty thousand Qinzhou households to Qing and Bing. Chen Liangfu of Chang'an fled to the Black Qiang and, with the Northern Qiang king Bo Judda and others, raided Beidi and Fengyi. Prince of Zhangwu Bin and Prince of Le'an Tao attacked together and defeated them; Judda fled to Malan Mountain. Guo Ao pursued the fleeing enemy and was beaten by the Qiang; seven or eight men in ten were killed. Bin and the others withdrew their forces to Sancheng. Shi Hu sent an envoy to execute Guo Ao. King of Qin Shi Hong murmured complaints; Shi Hu had him imprisoned.
52
慕容仁自稱平州刺史、遼東公。
Murong Ren styled himself Inspector of Pingzhou and Duke of Liaodong.
53
長沙桓公陶侃，晚年深以滿盈自懼，不預朝權，屢欲告老歸國，佐吏等苦留之。 六月，侃疾篤，上表遜位。 遣左長史殷羨奉送所假節、麾、幢、曲蓋、侍中貂蟬、太尉章、荊、江、雍、梁、交、廣、益、寧八州刺史印傳、棨戟； 軍資、器仗、牛馬、舟船，皆有定薄，封印倉庫，侃自加管鑰。 以後事付右司馬王愆期，加督護統領文武。 甲寅，輿車出，臨津就船，將歸長沙，顧謂愆期曰：「老子婆娑，正坐諸君！」 乙卯，薨於樊谿。 侃在軍四十一年，明毅善斷，識察纖密，人不能欺； 自南陵迄於白帝，數千里中，路不拾遺。 及薨，尚書梅陶與親人曹識書曰：「陶公機神明鑒似魏武，忠順勤勞似孔明，陸抗諸人不能及也。」 謝安每言：「陶公雖用法，而恆得法外意。」 安，鯤之從子也。
Duke Xuan of Changsha Tao Kan, in his later years, deeply feared the peril of excess; he took no part in court power and repeatedly sought to retire and return home, but his staff bitterly pressed him to stay. In the sixth month his illness grew grave; he submitted a memorial yielding his office. He sent his left chief clerk Yin Xian to return every credential he held—the staff of authority, banners, canopies, attendant's cap and cicada insignia, the Grand Marshal's seal, the seals and commissions of the eight provincial inspectors of Jing, Jiang, Yong, Liang, Jiao, Guang, Yi, and Ning, and the ceremonial halberds; military stores, weapons, cattle, horses, and boats were all entered in ledgers; the warehouses were sealed and Tao Kan himself affixed the locks. He entrusted subsequent affairs to his right marshal Wang Yanqi, making him supervisor and protector over civil and military affairs. On the day jiayin his carriage went out; he came to the ferry and boarded the boat, bound for Changsha, and turning to Wang Yanqi said, "This old man tottering about—it's all because of you people!" On the day yimao he died at Fanxi. Tao Kan had served in the army forty-one years; clear, resolute, and swift in judgment, perceptive to the finest detail—no one could deceive him; from Nanling to Baidi, for several thousand li along his routes, no one picked up what another had lost on the road. When he died, Minister Mei Tao wrote to his kinsman Cao Shi, "Lord Tao's divine insight resembles Cao Cao, his loyal obedience and tireless labor resemble Zhuge Liang—men like Lu Kang cannot equal him." Xie An often said, "Though Lord Tao applied the law, he always grasped the spirit beyond the letter." Xie An was the son of Xie Kun's younger brother.
54
成主雄生瘍於頭。 身素多金創，及病，舊痕皆膿潰，諸子皆惡而遠之； 獨太子班晝夜侍側，不脫衣冠，親為吮膿。 雄召大將軍建寧王壽受遺詔輔政。 丁卯，雄卒，太子班即位。 以建寧王壽錄尚書事，政事皆委於壽及司徒何點、尚書令王瑰，班居中行喪禮，一無所預。
Cheng ruler Li Xiong developed sores on his head. His body had long borne many sword wounds; when he fell ill, old scars all festered; all his sons were repelled and kept their distance; only Crown Prince Ban attended him day and night at his side, never removing cap or robe, personally sucking the pus from his sores. Li Xiong summoned Grand General Prince of Jianning Li Shou to receive the deathbed edict and assist in government. On the day dingmao Li Xiong died; Crown Prince Ban ascended the throne. He made Prince of Jianning Li Shou recorder of the Masters of Writing; all government was entrusted to Shou, Minister over the Masses He Dian, and Director of the Imperial Secretariat Wang Gui; Ban occupied himself only with mourning rites and took no part in affairs.
55
辛未，加平西將軍庾亮征西將軍、假節、都督江、荊、豫、益、梁、雍六州諸軍事、領江、豫、荊三州刺史，鎮武昌。 亮辟殷浩為記室參軍。 浩，羨之子也，與豫章太守褚裒、丹楊丞杜乂，皆以識度清遠，善談《老》、《易》，擅名江東，而浩尤為風流所宗。 裒，略之孫； 乂，錫之子也。 桓彝嘗謂裒曰：「季野有皮裡《春秋》。」 言其外無臧否而內有褒貶也。 謝安曰：「裒雖不言，而四時之氣亦備矣。」
On the day xinwei General Who Pacifies the West Yu Liang was promoted to General Who Campaigns West with acting credentials, made area commander of military affairs in Jiang, Jing, Yu, Yi, Liang, and Yong, and given the three provincial governorships of Jiang, Yu, and Jing, with his seat at Wuchang. Yu Liang recruited Yin Hao as recorder in his staff. Yin Hao was the son of Yin Xian; he, together with Prefect of Yuzhang Chu Pou and Magistrate of Danyang Du Yi, were all famed in the lower Yangtze for clear insight and lofty bearing, skilled in discourse on the Laozi and the Changes; among them Hao was especially the darling of the refined set. Chu Pou was the grandson of Chu Lue; Du Yi was the son of Du Xi. Huan Yi once said of Chu Pou, "Jiye carries a Spring and Autumn Annals beneath his skin." He meant that outwardly Chu Pou neither praised nor blamed, yet inwardly he judged all things. Xie An said, "Though Chu Pou does not speak, the spirit of all four seasons is complete in him."
56
秋，八月，王濟還遼東，詔遣侍御史王齊祭遼東公廆，又遣謁者徐孟策拜慕容皝鎮軍大將軍、平州刺史、大單于、遼東公、持節、都督，承製封拜，一如廆故事。 船下馬石津，皆為慕容仁所留。
In autumn, in the eighth month, Wang Ji returned to Liaodong; an edict sent Censor Wang Qi to offer sacrifice to Duke of Liaodong Murong Hui, and Attendant Xu Meng with credentials to invest Murong Huang as General Who Guards the Army, Inspector of Pingzhou, Great Chanyu, Duke of Liaodong, with acting credentials and area command, empowered to invest and enfeoff by imperial rescript as with Murong Hui's precedent. When the boats reached Mashijin they were all detained by Murong Ren.
57
九月，戊寅，衛將軍江陵穆公陸曄卒。
In the ninth month, on the day wuyin, Defender General Duke Mu of Jiangling Lu Ye died.
58
成主雄之子車騎將軍越屯江陽，奔喪至成都。 以太子班非雄所生，意不服，與其弟安東將軍期謀作亂。 班弟玝勸班遣越還江陽，以期為梁州刺史，鎮葭萌。 班以未葬，不忍遣，推心待之，無所疑間，遣玝出屯於涪。 冬，十月，癸亥朔，越因班夜哭，弒之於殯宮，並殺班兄領軍將軍都； 矯太后任氏令，罪狀班而廢之。
Li Yue, son of Cheng ruler Li Xiong and General of the Chariots Who Attack the Cuan, was stationed at Jiangyang; he rushed back on bereavement to Chengdu. Because Crown Prince Ban was not Li Xiong's own son, Yue was resentful and plotted rebellion with his younger brother, General Who Pacifies the East Li Qi. Ban's younger brother Li Yu urged Ban to send Yue back to Jiangyang and appoint Qi Inspector of Liangzhou, stationed at Jiameng. Ban, because the burial had not yet taken place, could not bear to send Yue away; he treated him with open trust and no suspicion, and sent Li Yu out to garrison at Fu. In winter, in the tenth month, on the first day guihai, Yue took advantage of Ban's night mourning and assassinated him in the mourning palace, also killing Ban's elder brother General Who Leads the Army Li Du; he forged an order from Empress Dowager Lady Ren listing Ban's crimes and deposing him.
59
初，期母冉氏賤，任氏母養之。 期多才藝，有令名。 及班死，眾欲立越，越奉期而立之。 甲子，期即皇帝位。 謚班曰戾太子。 以越為相國，封建寧王，加大將軍壽大都督，徙封漢王； 皆錄尚書事。 以兄霸為中領軍、鎮南大將軍； 弟保為鎮西大將軍、汶山太守； 從兄始為征東大將軍，代越鎮江陽。 丙寅，葬雄於安都陵，謚曰武皇帝，廟號太宗。
Earlier, Li Qi's mother Lady Ran was of humble birth; Empress Dowager Lady Ren had raised him. Li Qi had many talents and a fine reputation. When Ban died, the court wished to install Yue; Yue upheld Qi and had him enthroned. On the day jiazi Li Qi took the throne. Ban was given the posthumous title Crown Prince Li. Yue was made Chancellor of State and enfeoffed as Prince of Jianning; Grand General Li Shou was made Grand Commander and transferred to the title Prince of Han; Both were appointed to oversee the Secretariat. He appointed his elder brother Li Ba Central Army Commander-in-Chief and Grand General Who Guards the South; his younger brother Li Bao Grand General Who Guards the West and Governor of Wenshan; and his cousin Li Shi Grand General Who Conquers the East, replacing Yue to garrison Jiangyang. On the day bingyin Li Xiong was buried at Andu Mausoleum with the posthumous title Emperor Wu and the temple name Taizong.
60
始欲與壽共攻期，壽不敢發。 始怒，反譖壽於期，請殺之。 期欲籍壽以討李玝，故不許，遣壽將兵向涪。 壽先遣使告玝以去就利害，開其去路，玝遂來奔。 詔以王玝為巴郡太守。 期以壽為梁州刺史，屯涪。
Li Shi wished to join Li Shou in attacking Li Qi, but Shou dared not move. Shi grew furious and in turn slandered Shou to Qi, asking that he be executed. Qi wanted to use Shou's army against Li Zu, so he refused and sent Shou with troops toward Fu. Shou first sent envoys to explain to Zu the stakes of staying or fleeing and cleared his escape route, and Zu then defected. An edict appointed Wang Zu Governor of Ba commandery. Qi appointed Shou Inspector of Liang province and stationed him at Fu.
61
趙主弘自赍璽綬詣魏宮，請禪位於丞相虎。 虎曰：「帝王大業，天下自當有議，何為自論此邪！」 弘流涕還宮，謂太后程氏曰：「先帝種真無復遺矣！」 於是尚書奏：「魏台請依唐、虞禪讓故事。」 虎曰：「弘愚闇，居喪無禮，不可以君萬國，便當廢之，何禪讓也！」 十一月，虎遣郭殷持節入宮，廢弘為海陽王。 弘安步就車，容色自若，謂群臣曰：「庸昧不堪纂承大統，夫復何言！」 群臣莫不流涕，宮人慟哭。 群臣詣魏台勸進，虎曰：「皇帝者盛德之號，非所敢當，且可稱居攝趙天王。」 幽弘及太后程氏、秦王宏、南陽王恢於崇訓宮，尋皆殺之。
The Zhao ruler Shi Hong himself brought the imperial seal and cord to the Wei palace and asked to abdicate in favor of Chancellor Shi Hu. Hu said, "The imperial enterprise is something the realm should debate on its own—why do you bring it up yourself?" Hong wept as he returned to the palace and told Empress Dowager Lady Cheng, "The late emperor's true line is utterly extinguished!" The Masters of Writing then memorialized, "The Wei court asks to follow the precedent of Yao and Shun's abdication." Hu replied, "Hong is dull and witless and observes no mourning rites—he cannot rule the realm. Depose him at once—what talk of abdication!" In the eleventh month Hu sent Guo Yin with credentials into the palace and deposed Hong as Prince of Haiyang. Hong walked calmly to the carriage, his face composed, and told the ministers, "I am too mediocre and benighted to inherit the great succession—what more is there to say?" None of the ministers could hold back tears; palace women wailed in grief. The ministers went to the Wei court to urge him to take the throne. Hu said, "Emperor is a title of supreme virtue—I dare not assume it. For now call me Acting Regent, Heavenly King of Zhao." He imprisoned Hong, Empress Dowager Lady Cheng, the Prince of Qin Hong, and the Prince of Nanyang Hui at Chongxun Palace; soon all were killed.
62
西羌大都督姚弋仲稱疾不駕，虎屢召之，乃至。 正色謂虎曰：「弋仲常謂大王命世英雄，奈何把臂受托而返奪之邪？」 虎曰：「吾豈樂此哉！ 顧海陽年少，恐不能了家事，故代之耳。」 心雖不平，然察其誠實，亦不之罪。
The Grand Commander of the Western Qiang, Yao Yizhong, claimed illness and refused to attend court; Hu summoned him repeatedly before he finally came. With a stern face he said to Hu, "I have always called you a hero born for this age—how can you clasp arms in trust and then seize the throne back?" Hu said, "Do you think I relish this! Haiyang is young, and I feared he could not manage the realm—that is why I replaced him." Though displeased at heart, Hu saw his honesty and did not punish him.
63
虎以夔安為侍中、太尉、守尚書令，郭殷為司空，韓晞為尚書左僕射，魏郡申鐘為侍中，郎闓為光祿大夫，王波為中書令。 文武封拜各有差。 虎行如信都，復還襄國。
Hu appointed Kui An Palace Attendant, Grand Commandant, and acting Director of the Masters of Writing; Guo Yin Minister of Works; Han Xi Left Vice Director of the Masters of Writing; Shen Zhong of Wei commandery Palace Attendant; Lang Kai Grandee of the Palace; and Wang Bo Palace Secretary. Civil and military officials were enfeoffed and promoted according to their merits. Hu traveled to Xindu, then returned to Xiangguo.
64
慕容皝討遼東，甲申，至襄平。 遼東人王岌密信請降。 師進，入城，翟楷、龐鑒單騎走，居就、新昌等縣皆降。 皝欲悉坑遼東民，高詡諫曰：「遼東之叛，實非本圖，直畏仁凶威，不得不從。 今元惡猶存，始克此城，遽加夷滅，則未下之城，無歸善之路矣。」 皝乃止。 分徙遼東大姓于棘城。 以杜群為遼東相，安輯遺民。
Murong Huang campaigned against Liaodong; on jiashen he reached Xiangping. Wang Ji of Liaodong sent a secret letter offering to surrender. The army advanced and entered the city; Zhai Kai and Pang Jian fled alone on horseback; the counties of Jujiu, Xinchang, and others all surrendered. Huang wished to massacre all the people of Liaodong. Gao Xu remonstrated, "Liaodong's rebellion was not their true intent—they only feared Murong Ren's brutal authority and had no choice but to follow. The chief villain still lives. If you exterminate the people the moment you take this city, the cities not yet subdued will have no path back to loyalty." Huang then desisted. He relocated the great clans of Liaodong to Jicheng in groups. He appointed Du Qun Administrator of Liaodong to settle and comfort the survivors.
65
十二月，趙徐州從事蘭陵朱縱斬刺史郭祥，以彭城來降，趙將王朗攻之，縱奔淮南。
In the twelfth month Zhu Zong of Lanling, a staff officer of Xu province in Zhao, killed Inspector Guo Xiang and offered Pengcheng in surrender; the Zhao general Wang Lang attacked him, and Zong fled to Huainan.
66
慕容仁遣兵襲新昌，督護新興王寓擊走之，遂徙新昌入襄平。
Murong Ren sent troops to raid Xinchang; Wang Yu, Supervisor and Protector of Xinxing, drove them off and then moved Xinchang's population into Xiangping.
67
顯宗成皇帝中之上鹹康元年（ 乙未，公元三三五年）
Under Emperor Cheng the Illustrious Ancestor, middle period upper section, first year of Xianhe ( yiyi, CE 335)
68
春，正月，庚午朔，帝加元服。 大赦，改元。
In spring, the first month, on gengwu the first day of the month, the Emperor assumed the cap and girdle of adulthood. A general amnesty was proclaimed and the era name was changed.
69
成、趙皆大赦，成改元玉恆，趙改元建武。
Both Cheng and Zhao proclaimed general amnesties; Cheng changed the era name to Yuheng and Zhao to Jianwu.
70
成主期立皇后閻氏，以衛將軍尹奉為右丞相，驃騎將軍、尚書令王瑰為司徒。
The Cheng ruler Li Qi installed Lady Yan as empress and appointed Guard General Yin Feng Right Chancellor and Rapid-as-Thunder Cavalry General and Director of the Masters of Writing Wang Gui Minister of Education.
71
趙王虎命太子邃省可尚書奏事，唯祀郊廟、選牧守、征伐、刑殺乃親之。 虎好治宮室，鸛雀台崩，殺典匠少府任汪； 復使修之，倍於其舊。 邃保母劉芝封宜城君，關預朝權，受納賄賂，求仕進者多出其門。
King Hu of Zhao ordered Crown Prince Shi Sui to review routine memorials to the Masters of Writing, reserving only sacrifices at the suburban altars and ancestral temples, selection of prefects and governors, campaigns, and punishments and executions for his personal attention. Hu loved to build palaces; when the Stork Terrace collapsed he executed Director of Constructions and Palace Storehouse Master Ren Wang; then had it rebuilt twice its former size. Sui's nurse Liu Zhi was enfeoffed as Lady of Yicheng; she meddled in court affairs, accepted bribes, and many who sought office passed through her gate.
72
慕容皝置左、右司馬，以司馬韓矯、軍祭酒封弈為之。
Murong Huang established Left and Right Majors and appointed Major Han Jiao and Army Libationer Feng Yi to the posts.
73
司徒導以贏疾，不堪朝會，三月，乙酉，帝幸其府，與群臣宴於內室，拜導並拜其妻曹氏。 侍中孔坦密表切諫，以為帝初加元服，動宜顧禮，帝從之。 坦又以帝委政於導，從容言曰：「陛下春秋已長，聖敬日躋，宜博納朝臣，諮諏善道。」 導聞而惡之，出坦為廷尉。 坦不得意，以疾去職。
Minister of Education Wang Dao, weakened by illness, could not attend court; in the third month on yiyou the Emperor visited his mansion, feasted with the ministers in the inner chamber, and bowed to Dao and also to his wife Lady Cao. Palace Attendant Kong Tan submitted a secret memorial of sharp remonstrance, arguing that the Emperor, having just come of age, ought to observe propriety in every act; the Emperor followed his advice. Tan also said, because the Emperor had entrusted affairs to Dao, gently, "Your Majesty's years are already full; your sacred virtue rises daily—you ought broadly to admit court ministers and consult them on the good Way." When Dao heard of this he took offense and sent Tan out as Commandant of Justice. Discontented, Tan resigned on grounds of illness.
74
丹楊尹桓景，為人諂巧，導親愛之。 會熒惑守南斗經旬，導謂領軍將軍陶回曰：「鬥，揚州之分，吾當遜位以厭天譴。」 回曰：「公以明德作輔，而與桓景造膝，使熒惑何以退捨！」 導深愧之。
Huan Jing, Governor of Danyang, was a man of flattery and craft whom Dao favored. When Mars lingered in the Southern Dipper for more than ten days, Dao said to General of the Palace Army Tao Hui, "The Dipper is the asterism allotted to Yang province—I ought to yield my post to appease heaven's reproof." Hui replied, "You aid the throne with bright virtue—yet you sit knee to knee with Huan Jing; how is Mars to withdraw!" Dao was deeply ashamed.
75
導辟太原王濛為掾，王述為中兵屬。 述，昶之曾孫也。 濛不修小廉，而以清約見稱，與沛國劉惔齊名，友善。 惔常稱濛性至通而自然有節。 濛曰：「劉君知我，勝我自知。」 當時稱風流者，以惔、濛為首。 述性沈靜，每坐客辯論蜂起，而述處之恬如也。 年三十，尚未知名，人謂之癡。 導以門地辟之。 既見，唯問在東米價，述張目不答。 導曰：「王掾不癡，人何言癡也！」 嘗見導每發言，一坐莫不讚美，述正色曰：「人非堯、舜，何得每事盡善！」 導改容謝之。
Dao recruited Wang Meng of Taiyuan as a staff officer and Wang Shu as an aide in the Central Army section. Shu was the great-grandson of Wang Chang. Meng did not fuss over petty scruples but was famed for clarity and restraint; he was equally renowned with Liu Tan of Pei, and they were close friends. Tan often said Meng's nature was thoroughly open yet naturally restrained. Meng said, "Master Liu knows me better than I know myself." Among those then called men of refined bearing, Tan and Meng led the field. Shu's nature was deep and still; whenever guests in a gathering buzzed with debate, Shu remained tranquil amid it all. At thirty he was still unknown; people called him a dullard. Dao recruited him for his family's standing. At their first meeting Dao asked only the price of rice in the east; Shu stared wide-eyed and did not answer. Dao said, "Staff Officer Wang is no dullard—why do people call him one!" Once when Dao spoke and every man at the table praised him, Shu said sternly, "Men are not Yao or Shun—how can every matter be wholly good!" Dao changed expression and apologized.
76
趙王虎南遊，臨江而還。 有游騎十餘至歷陽，歷陽太守袁耽表上之，不言騎多少。 朝廷震懼，司徒導請出討之。 夏，四月，加導大司馬、假黃鉞、都督征討諸軍事。 癸丑，帝觀兵廣莫門，分命諸將救歷陽及戍慈湖、牛渚、蕪湖； 司空郗鑒使廣陵相陳光將兵入衛京師。 俄聞趙騎至少，又已去，戊午，解嚴，王導解大司馬。 袁耽坐輕妄免官。
King Hu of Zhao toured south, came to the Yangzi, and returned. More than ten roaming horsemen reached Liyang; Liyang Administrator Yuan Dan memorialized the court but did not state how many horsemen there were. The court was shaken with alarm; Minister of Education Wang Dao asked to lead a punitive campaign. In summer, the fourth month, Dao was made Grand Marshal, lent the ceremonial axe, and appointed Commander-in-Chief of the punitive campaign over all armies. On guichou the Emperor reviewed troops at the Gate of Broad Apocalypse, assigning generals to relieve Liyang and to garrison Cihu, Niuzhu, and Wuhu; Minister of Works Chi Jian sent Administrator of Guangling Chen Guang with troops to defend the capital. Soon they heard the Zhao horsemen were few and had already departed; on wuwu the emergency was lifted and Wang Dao resigned as Grand Marshal. Yuan Dan was dismissed from office for reckless alarm.
77
趙征虜將軍石遇攻桓宣於襄陽，不克。
The Zhao general Who Conquers the Barbarians, Shi Yu, attacked Huan Xuan at Xiangyang and failed to take it.
78
大旱，會稽、餘姚米斗五百。
A great drought struck; in Kuaiji and Yuyao rice sold for five hundred cash per dou.
79
秋，七月，慕容皝立子俊為世子。
In autumn, the seventh month, Murong Huang installed his son Murong Jun as heir apparent.
80
九月，趙王虎遷都於鄴，大赦。
In the ninth month King Hu of Zhao moved the capital to Ye and proclaimed a general amnesty.
81
初，趙主勒以天竺僧佛圖澄豫言成敗，數有驗，敬事之。 及虎即位，奉之尤謹，衣以綾錦，乘以雕輦。 朝會之日，太子、諸公扶翼上殿，主者唱「大和尚」，眾坐皆起。 使司空李農旦夕問起居，太子、諸公五日一朝。 國人化之，率多事佛。 澄之所在，無敢向其方面涕唾者。 爭造寺廟，削髮出家。 虎以其真偽雜糅，或避賦役為奸宄，乃下詔問中書曰：「佛，國家所奉。 里閭小人無爵秩者，應事佛不？」 著作郎王度等議曰：「王者祭祀，典禮具存。 佛，外國之神，非天子諸華所應祠奉。 漢氏初傳其道，唯聽西域人立寺都邑以奉之，漢人皆不得出家； 魏世亦然。 今宜禁公卿以下毋得詣寺燒香、禮拜； 其趙人為沙門者，皆返初服。」 虎詔曰：「朕生自邊鄙，忝君諸夏，至於饗祀，應從本俗。 其夷、趙百姓樂事佛者，特聽之。」
Earlier, the Zhao ruler Shi Le had honored the Indian monk Fotudeng, who foretold success and failure and was repeatedly proved right. When Hu came to the throne he venerated him all the more strictly, clothing him in damask and brocade and having him ride in a carved palanquin. On days of court assembly the crown prince and the princes supported him on both sides up the hall; the usher proclaimed "Great Monk," and all those seated rose. He had Minister of Works Li Nong inquire morning and evening after his health; the crown prince and the princes attended court once every five days. The people of the realm were transformed by this and mostly took up Buddhism. Where Fotudeng was, none dared weep or spit in his direction. They vied to build temples and shaved their heads to become monks. Hu, because genuine and false believers were mixed and some evaded taxes and corvée to become outlaws, issued an edict asking the Secretariat, "The Buddha is what the state reveres. Should commoners of the lanes and hamlets without rank and title serve the Buddha or not?" Gentleman of Monographs Wang Du and others deliberated, "Kings have sacrifices—the canonical rites fully exist. The Buddha is a god of foreign lands, not what the Son of Heaven and the Hua peoples ought to worship. When the Han first transmitted this Way, only Western Regions people were permitted to erect temples in capitals and commanderies to serve it; Han people were all forbidden to become monks; the Wei age was likewise. Now it is fitting to forbid those below the rank of public minister from going to temples to burn incense and perform obeisance; those Zhao people who are monks should all return to lay dress." Hu's edict said, "I was born on the frontier and am honored to rule the Central States—as to offerings and sacrifices, I ought to follow my native custom. Those among the tribal peoples and Zhao commoners who wished to serve the Buddha were specially permitted to do so."
82
趙章武王斌帥精騎二萬並秦、雍二州兵以討薄句大，平之。 成太子班之舅羅演，與漢王相天水上官澹謀殺成主期，立班子。 事覺，期殺演、澹及班母羅氏。 期自以得志，輕諸舊臣，信任尚書令景騫、尚書姚華、田褒、中常侍許涪等，刑賞大政，皆決於數人，希復關公卿。 褒無它才，嘗勸成主雄立期為太子，故有寵。 由是紀綱隳紊，雄業始衰。
The Zhao Prince of Zhangwu, Shi Bin, led twenty thousand elite cavalry together with the armies of Qin and Yong provinces to attack Bo Gou Da and pacified him. Luo Yan, maternal uncle of the Cheng crown prince Ban, plotted with Shangguan Dan, chancellor to the Han king in Tianshui, to kill the Cheng ruler Li Qi and install Ban's son. When the plot was exposed, Qi executed Yan, Dan, and Ban's mother Lady Luo. Qi, flush with success, slighted the old ministers and trusted Director of the Masters of Writing Jing Qian, Masters of Writing Yao Hua and Tian Bao, and Palace Attendant Xu Fu; major punishments and rewards were decided by a handful of men, seldom brought before the full court. Bao had no other talent; he had once urged the Cheng ruler Li Xiong to name Qi crown prince, and therefore enjoyed favor. From this the laws and discipline collapsed, and the Cheng enterprise began to decline.
83
冬，十月，乙未朔，日有食之。
In winter, the tenth month, on yiyi the first day of the month, there was a solar eclipse.
84
慕容仁遣王齊等南還。 齊等自海道趣棘城，齊遇風不至。 十二月，徐孟等至棘城，慕容皝始受朝命。
Murong Ren sent Wang Qi and others south on their return journey. Qi and the others took the sea route toward Jicheng, but Qi met contrary winds and failed to arrive. In the twelfth month Xu Meng and the others reached Jicheng, and Murong Huang at last received the court's commission.
85
段氏、宇文氏各遣使詣慕容仁，館於平郭城外。 皝帳下督張英將百餘騎間道潛行掩擊之，斬宇文氏使十餘人，生擒段氏使以歸。
The Duan and Yuwen clans each sent envoys to Murong Ren, lodging outside Pingguo. Huang's camp supervisor Zhang Ying led more than a hundred horsemen by a hidden path in a surprise raid, beheading more than ten Yuwen envoys and capturing the Duan envoys alive.
86
是歲，明帝母建安君荀氏卒。 荀氏在禁中，尊重同於太后； 詔贈豫章郡君。
That year Lady Jian'an Jun of the Xun clan, mother of Emperor Ming, died. Lady Xun within the palace precincts was honored as an empress dowager; an edict posthumously enfeoffed her as Lady of Yuzhang commandery.
87
代王翳槐以賀蘭藹頭不恭，將召而戮之，諸部皆叛。 代王紇那自宇文部入，諸部復奉之。 翳槐奔鄴，趙人厚遇之。
The Dai king Yihua, because Helan Aitou had been disrespectful, was about to summon and execute him; all the tribes rebelled. The Dai king Hena entered from the Yuwen tribe, and the tribes again upheld him. Yihua fled to Ye, where the Zhao court treated him generously.
88
初，張軌及二子寔、茂，雖保據河右，而軍旅之事無歲無之。 及張駿嗣位，境內漸平。 駿勤修庶政，總御文武，鹹得其用，民富兵強，遠近稱之，以為賢君。 駿遣將楊宣伐龜茲、鄯善，於是西域諸國焉耆、于闐之屬，皆詣姑臧朝貢。 駿於姑臧南作五殿，官屬皆稱臣。
Earlier, Zhang Gui and his sons Shi and Mao, though they held the lands west of the Yellow River, faced military campaigns every year without fail. When Zhang Jun succeeded, peace gradually returned within his borders. Jun diligently governed, marshaled civil and military officials to their best use, and made the people rich and the army strong; near and far praised him as a worthy ruler. Jun sent General Yang Xuan to attack Kucha and Shanshan; thereafter the Western Regions states, including Yanqi and Yutian, all came to Guzang to pay tribute. Jun built five halls south of Guzang, and his officials all styled themselves his ministers.
89
駿有兼秦、雍之志，遣參軍麴護上疏，以為：「勒、雄既死，虎、期繼逆，兆庶離主，漸冉經世； 先老消落，後生不識，慕戀之心，日遠日忘。 乞敕司空鑒、征西亮等泛舟江、沔，首尾齊舉。」
Jun harbored ambitions to seize Qin and Yong and sent his aide Qu Hu to submit a memorial arguing, "Le and Xiong are dead; Hu and Qi succeed them in rebellion; the people are cut off from their sovereign, and the years slip away; the elders die off, the young no longer remember, and longing for the throne grows daily more distant and forgotten. I beg that Your Majesty command Minister of Works Chi Jian, General Who Conquers the West Yu Liang, and others to sail the Yangzi and Han rivers and strike in concert from both ends."
90
顯宗成皇帝中之上鹹康二年（ 丙申，公元三三六年）
Under Emperor Cheng the Illustrious Ancestor, middle period upper section, second year of Xianhe ( bingchen, CE 336)
91
春，正月，辛巳，彗星見於奎、婁。
In spring, the first month, on xinsi a comet appeared in the constellations Kui and Lou.
92
慕容皝將討慕容仁，司馬高詡曰：「仁叛棄君親，民神怒； 前此海未嘗凍，自仁反以來，連年凍者三矣。 且仁專備陸道，天其或者欲使吾乘海冰以襲之也。」 皝從之。 群僚皆言涉冰危事，不若從陸道。 皝曰：「吾計已決，敢沮者斬！」
Murong Huang was about to campaign against Murong Ren. Major Gao Xu said, "Ren betrayed his lord and kin; the people and spirits are angry; before this the sea had never frozen; since Ren's rebellion it has frozen three years running. Moreover Ren concentrates his defenses on land routes—perhaps Heaven wishes us to cross the frozen sea to strike him." Huang followed his advice. The assembled officials all said crossing the ice was perilous and urged the land route instead. Huang said, "My plan is settled—whoever dares discourage it will be beheaded!"
93
壬午，皝帥其弟軍師將軍評等自昌黎東，踐冰而進，凡三百餘里。 至歷林口，捨輜重，輕兵趣平郭。 去城七里，候騎以告仁，仁狼狽出戰。 張英之俘二使也，仁恨不窮追； 及皝至，仁以為皝復遣偏師輕出寇抄，不知皝自來，謂左右曰：「今茲當不使其匹馬得返矣！」 乙未，仁悉眾陳於城之西北。 慕容軍帥所部降於皝，仁眾沮動； 皝從而縱擊，大破之。 仁走，其帳下皆叛，遂擒之。 皝先為斬其帳下之叛者，然後賜仁死。 丁衡、游毅、孫機等，皆仁所信用也，皝執而斬之； 王冰自殺。 慕容幼、慕容稚、佟壽、郭充、翟楷、龐鑒皆東走，幼中道而還； 皝兵追及楷、鑒，斬之； 壽、充奔高麗。 自餘吏民為仁所詿誤者，皝皆赦之。 封高詡為汝陽侯。
On renwu Huang led his younger brother the Army Strategist General Murong Ping and others east from Changli, marching over the ice for more than three hundred li in all. Reaching Lilin Ford they abandoned their baggage trains and hurried to Pingguo with light troops. Seven li from the city, scouts reported to Ren, and Ren rushed out to battle in disarray. When Zhang Ying had captured the two envoys, Ren regretted not pursuing to the end; when Huang arrived Ren thought he had sent only a detached raiding force and did not know Huang had come in person; he told his attendants, "This time not one of their horses shall return!" On yiyi Ren arrayed his entire force northwest of the city. Murong Jun led his command in surrender to Huang; Ren's army was dismayed and shaken; Huang followed with a full assault and routed them utterly. Ren fled; his personal followers all deserted, and he was captured. Huang first had Ren's deserters beheaded, then granted Ren death. Ding Heng, You Yi, Sun Ji, and others, all men Ren had trusted, Huang seized and beheaded; Wang Bing killed himself. Murong You, Murong Zhi, Tong Shou, Guo Chong, Zhai Kai, and Pang Jian all fled east; You turned back midway; Huang's troops overtook Kai and Jian and beheaded them; Shou and Chong fled to Goguryeo. Huang pardoned all remaining officials and commoners misled by Ren. He enfeoffed Gao Xu as Marquis of Ruyang.
94
二月，尚書僕射王彬卒。
In the second month Vice Director of the Masters of Writing Wang Bin died.
95
辛亥，帝臨軒，遣使備六禮逆故當陽侯杜乂女陵陽為皇后，大赦； 群臣畢賀。
On xinhai the Emperor presided at court, sent envoys with the six rites to escort Lingyang, daughter of the former Marquis of Dangyang Du Yi, as empress, and proclaimed a general amnesty; the assembled ministers all offered congratulations.
96
夏，六月，段遼遣中軍將軍李詠襲慕容皝。 詠趣武興，都尉張萌擊擒之。 遼別遣段蘭將步騎數萬屯柳城西回水，宇文逸豆歸攻安晉以為蘭聲援。 皝帥步騎五萬向柳城，蘭不戰而遁。 皝引兵北趣安晉，逸豆歸棄輜重走； 皝遣司馬封弈帥輕騎追擊，大破之。 皝謂諸將曰：「二虜恥無功，必將復至，宜於柳城左右設伏以待之。」 乃遣封弈帥騎數千伏於馬兜山。 三月，段遼果將數千騎來寇抄。 弈縱擊，大破之，斬其將榮伯保。
In summer, the sixth month, Duan Liao sent Central Army General Li Yong to raid Murong Huang. Yong hastened to Wuxing; Commandant Zhang Meng attacked and captured him. Liao separately sent Duan Lan with tens of thousands of infantry and cavalry to encamp at Xihui River west of Liucheng, while Yuwen Yidougui attacked Anjin to support Lan. Huang led fifty thousand infantry and cavalry toward Liucheng; Lan fled without fighting. Huang led his troops north toward Anjin; Yidougui abandoned his baggage trains and fled; Huang sent Major Feng Yi with light cavalry in pursuit and routed them utterly. Huang told his generals, "The two barbarian leaders, shamed at achieving nothing, are sure to return—you should set ambushes around Liucheng and wait for them." He then sent Feng Yi with several thousand horsemen to lie in wait on Madou Mountain. In the third month Duan Liao indeed led several thousand horsemen on a raiding attack. Yi launched a full assault and routed them, beheading their general Rong Bobao.
97
前廷尉孔坦卒。 坦疾篤，庾冰省之，流涕。 坦慨然曰：「大丈夫將終，不問以濟國安民之術，乃為兒女子相泣邪！」 冰深謝之。
The former Commandant of Justice Kong Tan died. Tan was gravely ill; Yu Bing visited him and wept. Tan said sternly, "When a great man is about to die, you do not ask him how to save the state and settle the people, yet you weep together like children!" Bing apologized deeply.
98
九月，慕容皝遣長史劉斌、兼郎中令遼東陽景送徐孟等還建康。
In the ninth month Murong Huang sent Chief Clerk Liu Bin and acting Gentlemen-Ordinary of the Palace Yang Jing of Liaodong to escort Xu Meng and the others back to Jiankang.
99
冬，十月，廣州刺史鄧岳遣督護王隨等擊夜郎、興古，皆克之； 加岳督寧州。
In winter, the tenth month, Governor of Guangzhou Deng Yue sent Supervisor Wang Sui and others to attack Yelang and Xinggu, and both were conquered; Yue was given additional oversight of Ning province.
100
成主期以從子尚書僕射武陵公載有俊才，忌之，誣以謀反，殺之。
The Cheng ruler Li Qi, envying his cousin Vice Director of the Masters of Writing the Duke of Wuling Li Zai for his outstanding talent, falsely charged him with plotting rebellion and killed him.
101
十一月，詔建威將軍司馬勳將兵安集漢中； 成漢王壽擊敗之。 壽遂置漢中守宰，戍南鄭而還。
In the eleventh month an edict ordered General Who Establishes Might Sima Xun to lead troops to pacify Hanzhong; the Cheng-Han king Li Shou defeated him. Shou then installed administrators in Hanzhong, garrisoned Nanzheng, and returned.
102
索頭郁鞠帥眾三萬降於趙，趙拜郁鞠等十三人為親趙王，散其部眾於冀、青等六州。
Suotou Yuju led thirty thousand followers in surrender to Zhao; Zhao invested Yuju and twelve others as Princes Kin to Zhao and dispersed their followers through six provinces including Ji and Qing.
103
趙王虎作太武殿於襄國，作東、西宮於鄴，十二月，皆成。 太武殿基高二丈八尺，縱六十五步，廣七十五步，甃以文石。 下穿伏室，置衛士五百人。 以漆灌瓦，金璫，銀楹，珠簾，玉壁，窮極工巧。 殿上施白玉床、流蘇帳，為金蓮華以冠帳頂。 又作九殿於顯陽殿後，選士民之女以實之，服珠玉、被綺縠者萬餘人。 教宮人占星氣、馬步射。 置女太史，及雜伎工巧，皆與外同。 以女騎千人為鹵簿，皆著紫綸巾，熟錦褲，金銀鏤帶，五文織成靴，執羽儀，鳴鼓吹，游宴以自隨。 於是趙大旱，金一斤直粟二鬥，百姓嗷然； 而虎用兵不息，百役並興。 使牙門將張彌行徙洛陽鐘虡、九龍、翁仲、銅駝、飛廉於鄴，載以四輪纏輞車，轍廣四尺，深二尺。 一鐘沒於河，募浮沒三百人入河，系以竹絲亙，用牛百頭，鹿櫨引之，乃出，造萬斛之舟以濟之。 既至鄴，虎大悅，為之赦二歲刑，賚百官谷帛，賜民爵一級。 又用尚方令解飛之言，於鄴南投石於河，以作飛橋，功費數千萬億，橋竟不成，役夫饑甚，乃止。 使令長帥民入山澤采橡及魚以佐食，復為權豪所奪，民無所得。 初，日南夷帥范稚，有奴曰範文，常隨商賈往來中國； 後至林邑，教林邑王范逸作城郭、宮室、器械，逸愛信之，使為將。 文遂譖逸諸子，或徙或逃。 是歲，逸卒，文詐迎逸子於它國，置毒於椰酒而殺之，文自立為王。 於是出兵攻大岐界、小岐界、式僕、徐狼、屈都、乾魯、扶單等國，皆滅之，有眾四五萬，遣使奉表入貢。
King Hu of Zhao built the Hall of Grand Martiality at Xiangguo and the Eastern and Western Palaces at Ye; in the twelfth month all were completed. The Hall of Grand Martiality's foundation was two zhang eight chi high, sixty-five paces long and seventy-five paces wide, paved with patterned stone. Below it were dug hidden chambers with five hundred guards stationed. Roof tiles were lacquered; gold finials, silver pillars, pearl curtains, and jade disks pushed craftsmanship to the utmost. On the hall stood a white jade bed and a fringe canopy crowned with a golden lotus at its peak. He also built nine halls behind the Hall of Manifest Yang, selecting daughters of gentry and commoners to fill them; more than ten thousand wore pearls and jade and fine silks. He taught palace women to read astral signs and to shoot from horseback and on foot. He installed female grand astrologers and miscellaneous performers and artisans, mirroring those outside the palace. He took a thousand female riders as his guard of honor, all wearing purple silk caps, brocade trousers, gold and silver inlaid belts, and five-colored woven boots; bearing feather standards and sounding drums and pipes, they accompanied him on his pleasure outings. Thereupon Zhao suffered a great drought; one jin of gold was worth two dou of grain, and the people wailed in distress; yet Hu's campaigns never ceased and a hundred corvées arose together. He sent Gate General Zhang Mi to move Luoyang's bell stands, Nine Dragons, Wengzhong statues, bronze camels, and Feilian figures to Ye, loading them on four-wheeled wagons with wrapped rims; the ruts were four chi wide and two chi deep. One bell sank in the river; he recruited three hundred divers, bound it with bamboo cords stretched across, used a hundred oxen and a capstan to draw it out, then built ten-thousand-bushel boats to ferry it across. When they reached Ye, Hu was greatly pleased and granted amnesty for crimes up to two years' punishment, bestowed grain and silk on officials, and granted the people one rank of nobility. He also followed Palace Workshop Director Xie Fei's advice to cast stones into the river south of Ye to build a flying bridge; the labor cost tens of millions; the bridge was never completed; the corvée laborers were desperately hungry, and he then stopped. He had magistrates lead the people into mountains and marshes to gather acorns and fish to supplement their food, but powerful families seized the harvest and the people gained nothing. Earlier, Fan Zhi, chief of the Yi in Rinan, had a slave named Fan Wen who often followed merchants to China; later he reached Linyi and taught King Fan Yi of Linyi to build walls, palaces, and weapons; Yi loved and trusted him and made him a general. Wen then slandered Yi's sons until they were either relocated or fled. That year Fan Yi died; Fan Wen falsely welcomed Yi's son from another state, poisoned his coconut wine, and killed him, then installed himself as king. He then sent troops to attack Daqijie, Xiaoqijie, Shipu, Xulang, Qudu, Ganlu, Fudan, and other states, destroying them all; he had forty or fifty thousand followers and sent envoys with memorials to pay tribute to the court.
104
趙左校令成公段作庭燎於槓末，高十餘丈，上盤置燎，下盤置人，趙王虎試而悅之。
Zhao's Left Commandant of the Guard Cheng Gong Duan built a court beacon on a pole more than ten zhang high, with the beacon on the upper platform and men on the lower; King Hu tested it and was pleased.
105
顯宗成皇帝中之上鹹康三年（ 丁酉，公元三三七年）
Under Emperor Cheng the Illustrious Ancestor, middle period upper section, third year of Xianhe ( dingyou, CE 337)
106
春，正月，庚辰，趙太保夔安等文武五百餘人入上尊號，庭燎油灌下盤，死者二十餘人； 趙王虎惡之，腰斬成公段。 辛巳，虎依殷、周之制，稱大趙天王，即位於南郊，大赦。 立其後鄭氏為天王皇后，太子邃為天王皇太子，諸子為王者皆降為郡公，宗室為王者降為縣侯。 百官封署各有差。
In spring, the first month, on gengchen more than five hundred civil and military officials including Zhao Grand Guardian Kui An presented the exalted title; oil from the court beacon poured onto the lower platform and more than twenty died; King Hu detested this and had Cheng Gong Duan cut in two at the waist. On xinsi Hu followed the institutions of Yin and Zhou, styled himself Heavenly King of Great Zhao, took the throne at the southern suburb, and proclaimed a general amnesty. He installed his consort Lady Zheng as Heavenly King Queen and Crown Prince Shi Sui as Heavenly King Crown Prince; sons who had been kings were demoted to dukes of commanderies, and royal kinsmen who had been kings were demoted to marquises of counties. Officials received enfeoffments and appointments according to their ranks.
107
國子祭酒袁瑰、太常馮懷，以江左浸安，請興學校，帝從之。 辛卯，立太學，徵集生徒。 而士大夫習尚老、莊，儒術終不振。 瑰，渙之曾孫也。
Libationer of the Imperial Academy Yuan Gui and Grandee of Splendid Happiness Feng Huai, because the lands south of the Yangzi were gradually secure, requested the founding of schools; the Emperor assented. On xinmao the Imperial University was established and students were summoned. Yet the gentry favored Laozi and Zhuangzi, and Confucian learning never truly flourished. Gui was the great-grandson of Yuan Huan.
108
三月，慕容皝於乙連城東築好城以逼乙連，留折衝將軍蘭勃守之。 夏，四月，段遼以車數千兩輸乙連粟，蘭勃擊而取之。 六月，遼又遣其從弟揚威將軍屈雲，將精騎夜襲皝子遵於興國城，遵擊破之。
In the third month Murong Huang built Haocheng east of Yiliancheng to press Yilian, leaving Breaker of Charges General Lan Bo to defend it. In summer, the fourth month, Duan Liao transported grain to Yilian with several thousand carts; Lan Bo attacked and seized the convoy. In the sixth month Liao again sent his cousin General Who Displays Might Qu Yun with elite cavalry in a night raid on Huang's son Murong Zun at Xingguo; Zun defeated them.
109
初，北平陽裕事段疾陸眷及遼五世，皆見尊禮。 遼數與皝相攻，裕諫曰：「『親仁善鄰，國之寶也。』 況慕容氏與我世婚，迭為甥舅，皝有才德，而我與之構怨； 戰無虛月，百姓凋弊，利不補害，臣恐社稷之憂將由此始。 願兩追前失，通好如初，以安國息民。」 遼不從，出裕為北平相。
Earlier, Yang Yu of Beiping had served Duan Jilujuan and Liao for five generations and was honored in each reign. Liao repeatedly fought Huang; Yu remonstrated, "'To cherish benevolence and befriend neighbors is the treasure of a state. Moreover the Murong clan and we have intermarried for generations, alternately nephews and uncles-in-law; Huang has talent and virtue, yet we bear grudges against him; we fight without a month of peace, the people are wasted and ruined, and gains do not compensate harm—I fear the state's peril will begin here. I wish both sides would remedy past errors, restore friendly relations as before, and settle the state and give the people rest." Liao did not follow his counsel and sent Yu out as Administrator of Beiping.
110
趙太子邃素驍勇，趙王虎愛之，常謂群臣曰：「司馬氏父子兄弟自相殘滅，故使朕得至此； 如朕有殺阿鐵理否？」 既而邃驕淫殘忍，好妝飾美姬，斬其首，洗血置盤上，與賓客傳觀之，又烹其肉共食之。 河間公宣、樂安公韜皆有寵於虎，邃疾之如仇。 虎荒耽酒色，喜怒無常。 使邃省可尚書事，每有所關白，虎恚曰：「此小事，何足白也！」 時或不聞，又恚曰：「何以不白！」 誚責笞棰，月至再三。 邃私謂中庶子李顏等曰：「官家難稱，吾欲行冒頓之事，卿從我乎？」 顏等伏不敢對。 秋，七月，邃稱疾不視事，潛帥宮臣文武五百餘騎飲於李顏別捨，因謂顏等曰：「我欲至冀州殺河間公，有不從者斬！」 行數里，騎皆逃散。 顏叩頭固諫，邃亦昏醉而歸。 其母鄭氏聞之，私遣中人誚讓邃； 邃怒，殺之。 佛圖澄謂虎曰：「陛下不宜數往東宮。」 虎將視邃疾，思澄言而還； 既而瞋目大言曰：「我為天下主，父子不相信乎！」 乃命所親信女尚書往察之。 邃呼前與語，因抽劍擊之。 虎怒，收李顏等詰問，顏具言其狀。 殺顏等三十餘人； 幽邃於東宮，既而赦之，引見太武東堂； 邃朝而不謝，俄頃即出。 虎使謂之曰：「太子應朝中宮，豈可遽去！」 邃徑出，不顧。 虎大怒，廢邃為庶人。 其夜，殺邃及其妃張氏，並男女二十六人同埋於一棺； 誅其宮臣支黨二百餘人； 廢鄭後為東海太妃。 立其子宣為天王皇太子，宣母杜昭儀為天王皇后。
The Zhao crown prince Shi Sui was by nature fierce and brave; King Hu loved him and often told the ministers, "The Sima clan slaughtered one another, fathers, sons, and brothers, and that is how I reached this point; have I killed my own kin or not?" Soon Sui grew arrogant, licentious, and cruel; he loved to adorn beautiful concubines, beheaded them, washed the blood and set it on a platter for guests to pass around, and boiled their flesh and ate it with his guests. The Duke of Hejian Shi Xuan and the Duke of Le'an Shi Tao both enjoyed Hu's favor; Sui hated them like enemies. Hu was dissolute in wine and women, his moods unpredictable. He had Sui review routine memorials to the Masters of Writing; whenever Sui reported something, Hu raged, "This is a trifle—why report it!" At times he heard nothing and raged again, "Why did you not report it!" He reviled, blamed, flogged, and beat him two or three times a month. Sui privately told Palace Companion Li Yan and others, "The old man is impossible to please; I want to do what Maodun did—will you follow me?" Yan and the others prostrated themselves and dared not answer. In autumn, the seventh month, Sui claimed illness and neglected affairs; he secretly led more than five hundred palace officials on horseback to drink at Li Yan's lodge and told Yan and the others, "I am going to Ji province to kill the Duke of Hejian—whoever does not follow will be beheaded!" After traveling several li, the horsemen all fled and scattered. Yan kowtowed and firmly remonstrated; Sui returned in a drunken stupor. His mother Lady Zheng heard of it and privately sent a palace attendant to reproach Sui; Sui grew angry and killed him. Fotudeng told Hu, "Your Majesty ought not visit the Eastern Palace so often." Hu was about to visit Sui's sickbed, recalled Fotudeng's words, and turned back; then glared and cried aloud, "I am master of the realm—shall father and son not trust one another!" He then ordered a trusted female Master of Writing to go inspect. Sui summoned her forward to speak and then drew his sword and struck her. Hu grew furious, seized Li Yan and others for interrogation, and Yan fully recounted what had happened. He killed Yan and more than thirty others; imprisoned Sui in the Eastern Palace, then pardoned him and summoned him to audience at the Hall of Grand Martiality East; Sui attended court but did not thank him and presently left. Hu sent someone to tell him, "The crown prince ought to attend the inner palace—how can you leave so hastily!" Sui went straight out without looking back. Hu was greatly enraged and deposed Sui as a commoner. That night he killed Sui and his consort Lady Zhang, and buried them together with twenty-six sons and daughters in a single coffin; executed more than two hundred of his palace officials and their factions; deposed Queen Zheng as Grand Consort of Donghai. He installed his son Shi Xuan as Heavenly King Crown Prince and Xuan's mother Lady Du, Palace Lady of Splendid Beauty, as Heavenly King Queen.
111
安定侯子光，自稱佛太子，雲從大秦國來，當王小秦國，聚眾數千人於杜南山，自稱大黃帝，改元龍興； 石廣討斬之。
The Marquis of Anding Ziguan styled himself Buddha Crown Prince, claiming he came from Great Qin and would be king of Little Qin; he gathered several thousand followers on Dushan Mountain, styled himself Great Yellow Emperor, and changed the era name to Longxing; Shi Guang campaigned against him and beheaded him.
112
九月，鎮軍左長史封弈等勸慕容皝稱燕王； 皝從之。 於是備置群司，以封弈為國相，韓壽為司馬，裴開為奉常，陽騖為司隸，王寓為太僕，李洪為大理，杜群為納言令，宋該、劉睦、石琮為常伯，皇甫真、陽協為冗騎常侍，宋晃、平熙、張泓為將軍，封裕為記室監。 洪，臻之孫； 晃，奭之子也。 冬，十月，丁卯，皝即燕王位，大赦。 十一月，甲寅，追尊武宣公曰武宣王，夫人段氏曰武宣後； 立夫人段氏為王后，世子俊為王太子，如魏武、晉文輔政故事。
In the ninth month Left Chief Clerk of the Army Who Pacifies Feng Yi and others urged Murong Huang to style himself King of Yan; Huang followed their counsel. He then fully established the ministries, appointing Feng Yi Chancellor of State, Han Shou Major, Pei Kai Grandee of Splendid Happiness, Yang Ji Director of the Masters of Law, Wang Yu Grand Master of the Palace Stud, Li Hong Grand Judge, Du Qun Director of Proclamations, Song Gai, Liu Mu, and Shi Cong Regular Grandees, Huangfu Zhen and Yang Xie Regular Attendants of the Idle Cavalry, Song Huang, Ping Xi, and Zhang Hong as generals, and Feng Yu Supervisor of the Secretariat. Hong was the grandson of Li Zhen; Huang was the son of Song Shi. In winter, the tenth month, on dingmao Huang assumed the kingship of Yan and proclaimed a general amnesty. In the eleventh month, on jiayin he posthumously honored the Duke of Martial Proclamation as King of Martial Proclamation and Lady Duan as Queen of Martial Proclamation; he installed Lady Duan as queen and heir apparent Murong Jun as crown prince, following the precedent of Cao Cao and Sima Yi in aiding government.
113
段遼數侵趙邊，燕王皝遣揚烈將軍宋回稱籓於趙，乞師以討遼，自請盡帥國中之眾以會之，並以其弟寧遠將軍汗為質。 趙王虎大悅，厚加慰答，辭其質，遣還，密期以明年。
Duan Liao repeatedly raided Zhao's borders; King Huang of Yan sent General Who Displays Fierceness Song Hui to declare himself Zhao's vassal, beg troops to attack Liao, offer to lead all his forces to join the campaign, and send his younger brother General Who Pacifies the Far Murong Han as hostage. King Hu was greatly pleased, responded generously, declined the hostage and sent him back, and secretly fixed the campaign for the next year.
114
是歲，趙將李穆納拓跋翳槐於大寧，其故部落多歸之。 代王紇那奔燕，國人復奉翳槐為代王，翳槐城盛樂而居之。
That year the Zhao general Li Mu received Tuoba Yihua at Daning; many of his former tribes returned to him. The Dai king Hena fled to Yan; the people again upheld Yihua as Dai king, and Yihua walled Shengle and made it his seat.
115
仇池氐王楊毅族兄初，襲殺毅，並有其眾，自立為仇池公，稱臣於趙。
Yang Chu, a clansman of the Di king of Chouchi Yang Yi, raided and killed Yi, seized his followers, installed himself as Duke of Chouchi, and declared himself Zhao's vassal.