1
資治通鑑第129卷
Comprehensive Mirror in Aid of Governance — Volume 129
2
【宋紀十一】起屠維大淵獻，盡閼逢執徐，凡六年。
[Song Records 11] From Tuxu Dayuanxian through Efeng Zhixu — six years in all.
3
世祖孝武皇帝下大明三年（ 己亥，公元四五九年）
The Reign of Emperor Xiaowu of Song, Continued — Third Year of Daming ( jihai, corresponding to 459 CE)
4
春，正月，己巳朔，兗州兵與魏皮豹子戰於高平，兗州兵不利。
In spring, on the jisi new moon of the first month, Yanzhou forces fought Pi Baozi of Northern Wei at Gaoping and were defeated.
5
己丑，以驃騎將軍柳元景為尚作令，右僕射劉遵考為領軍將軍。
On jichou, Rapid Cavalry General Liu Yuanjing was appointed Director of the Imperial Manufactories, and Right Vice Director Liu Zunkao was appointed Director of the Palace Guards.
6
己酉，魏河南公伊□卒。
On jiyou, Yi [name incomplete], Duke of Henan under Northern Wei, died.
7
三月，乙卯，以揚州六郡為王畿，更以東揚州為揚州，徙治會稽，猶以星變故也。
In the third month, on yimao, the six commanderies of Yangzhou were designated the royal domain; Eastern Yangzhou was renamed Yangzhou and the capital moved to Kuaiji — again on account of ominous stars.
8
三月，庚寅，以義興太守垣閬為兗州刺史。 閬，遵之子也。
In the third month, on gengyin, Yixing Administrator Yuan Lang was appointed Governor of Yanzhou. Lang was Liu Zunkao's son.
9
夏，四月，乙巳，魏主立其弟子推為京兆王。
In summer, in the fourth month, on yisi, the Northern Wei emperor enfeoffed his younger brother's son Tui as Prince of Jingzhao.
10
竟陵王誕知上意忌之，亦潛為之備； 因魏人入寇，修城浚隍，聚糧治仗。 誕記室參軍江智淵知誕有異志，請假先還建康，上以為中書侍郎。 智淵，夷之弟子也，少有操行。 沈懷文每稱之曰：「人所應有盡有，人所應無盡無者，其唯江智淵乎！」
Prince Jingling Liu Dan knew the emperor distrusted him and secretly made his own preparations as well; when Northern Wei troops raided the borders, he repaired the walls, dredged the moat, stockpiled grain, and forged arms. Dan's registrar Jiang Zhiyuan, perceiving Dan's rebellious designs, asked leave to return to Jiankang ahead of the rest; the emperor appointed him Vice Director of the Secretariat. Zhiyuan was a nephew of Jiang Yi and had shown moral discipline from an early age. Shen Huaiwen often said of him, "Everything a man should possess, he possesses; everything a man should not possess, he lacks — who else could it be but Jiang Zhiyuan!"
11
是時，道路皆雲誕反。 會吳郡民劉成上書稱：「息道龍昔事誕，見誕在石頭城修乘輿法物，習唱警蹕。 道龍憂懼，私與伴侶言之，誕殺道龍。」 又豫章民陳談之上書稱：「弟詠之在誕左右，見誕疏陛下年紀姓諱，往巫鄭師憐家祝詛，詠之密以啟聞，誕誣言永之乘酒罵詈，殺之。」 上乃令有司奏誕罪惡，請收付廷尉治罪。 乙卯，詔貶誕爵為侯，遣之國。 詔書未下，先以羽林禁兵配兗州刺史垣閬，使以之鎮為名。 與給事中戴明寶襲誕。
By then rumor on every road had it that Liu Dan was plotting rebellion. Then Liu Cheng of Wu commandery memorialized the throne: "My son Daolong once served Liu Dan and saw him at Shitou City repairing imperial carriage regalia and drilling the cries of the imperial escort. Daolong grew afraid and confided in his companions; Liu Dan had Daolong killed." Chen Tan of Yuzhang also memorialized: "My brother Yongzhi served at Liu Dan's side and saw him write out Your Majesty's age and taboo name and send them to the shaman Zheng Shilian for curses; Yongzhi secretly informed the court, and Liu Dan falsely claimed Yongzhi had reviled him while drunk and put him to death." The emperor then ordered the relevant offices to present Liu Dan's crimes and request that he be arrested and tried by the Court of Justice. On yimao, an edict reduced Liu Dan to the rank of marquis and ordered him to his fief. Before the edict was even promulgated, Palace Guard troops were assigned to Yanzhou Governor Yuan Lang on the pretext that he was taking up his post. He was to strike Liu Dan together with Attendant Within the Palace Dai Mingbao.
12
閬至廣陵，誕未悟也。 明寶夜報誕典簽蔣成，使明晨開門為內應。 成以告府舍人許宗之，宗之入告誕； 誕驚起，呼左右及素所畜養數百人執蔣成，勒兵自衛。 天將曉，明寶與閬帥精兵數百人猝至，而門不開； 誕已列兵登陴，自在門上斬蔣成，赦作徒、系囚，開門擊閬，殺之，明寶從間道逃還。 詔內外纂嚴。 以始興公沈慶之為車騎大將軍、開府儀同三司、南兗州刺史，將兵討誕。 甲子，上親總禁兵頓宣武堂。
Yuan Lang reached Guangling, but Liu Dan still did not grasp what was afoot. That night Dai Mingbao notified Liu Dan's chief clerk Jiang Cheng to open the gates at dawn as an inside contact. Cheng told the household steward Xu Zongzhi, and Zongzhi went in to warn Liu Dan; Liu Dan sprang up in alarm, summoned his attendants and several hundred retainers he had long kept on hand to seize Jiang Cheng, and mustered troops for his own defense. Just before dawn, Dai Mingbao and Yuan Lang led several hundred elite troops in a sudden assault, but the gates would not open; Liu Dan had already drawn up his men on the battlements, personally beheaded Jiang Cheng atop the gate tower, freed convict laborers and prisoners in bonds, opened the gates and struck Yuan Lang, killing him; Dai Mingbao fled back by a hidden path. An edict ordered heightened security throughout the realm. Duke of Shixing Shen Qingzhi was appointed General of Chariots and Cavalry, Grand Master with Golden Seal and Purple Ribbon, and Governor of Southern Yanzhou, and marched with an army to suppress Liu Dan. On jiazi, the emperor personally took command of the Palace Guard and encamped at the Hall of Martial Display.
13
司州刺史劉季之，誕故將也，素與都督宗愨有隙，聞誕反，恐為愨所害，委官，間道自歸朝廷。 至盱眙，盱眙太守鄭瑗疑季之與誕同謀，邀殺之。
Sizhou Governor Liu Jizhi had once served under Liu Dan and long been at odds with Commander Zong Que; when he heard of the rebellion, fearing Que would destroy him, he resigned his post and made his way back to the court by hidden routes. At Xuyi, Administrator Zheng Yuan suspected Liu Jizhi was in league with Liu Dan and ambushed and killed him.
14
沈慶之至歐陽，誕遣慶之宗人沈道愍繼書說慶之，餉以玉環刀。 慶之遣道愍返，數以罪惡。 誕焚郭邑，驅居民悉使入城，閉門自守，分遣書檄，邀結遠近，時山陽內史梁曠，家在廣陵，誕執其妻子，遣使邀曠，曠斬使拒之； 誕怒，滅其家。
When Shen Qingzhi reached Ouyang, Liu Dan sent Qingzhi's kinsman Shen Daomin with letter after letter to win him over and presented him with a jade-ring knife. Qingzhi sent Daomin back and laid out Liu Dan's crimes one by one. Liu Dan burned the suburbs, drove every inhabitant into the city, shut the gates and held his ground, and sent proclamations far and wide to rally support; Shanyang Interior Secretary Liang Kuang's family was then in Guangling — Liu Dan seized his wife and children and sent envoys to summon him; Kuang beheaded the envoys and refused; Liu Dan in his rage exterminated the entire family.
15
誕奉表投之城外曰：「陛下信用讒言，遂令無名小人來相掩襲； 不任枉酷，即加誅翦。 雀鼠貪生，仰違詔敕。 今親勒部曲，鎮扞徐、兗。 先經何福，同生皇家？ 今有何愆，便成胡、越？ 陵鋒奮戈，萬沒豈顧； 蕩定之期，冀在旦夕。」 又曰：「陛下宮帷之丑，豈可三緘！」 上大怒，凡誕左右、腹心、同籍、期親在建康者並誅之，死者以千數，或有家人已死，方自城內出奔者。
Liu Dan submitted a memorial and cast it outside the wall: "Your Majesty has trusted slander and sent nameless petty men to strike by surprise; unable to bear such wrongful cruelty, I have answered with execution and suppression. Like sparrows and mice that cling to life, I have defied your edicts. Now I personally lead my troops to garrison and defend Xu and Yan. What blessing did we once share, that we were born of the same royal house? What offense have I committed now, that I have become as alien as barbarians of Hu and Yue? With spear points raised and halberds brandished, I care nothing for ten thousand deaths; the day of pacification, I trust, lies within the morning and evening." He also wrote, "The ugliness behind Your Majesty's palace curtains — how can it be sealed thrice over!" The emperor flew into a rage; every attendant, confidant, clansman, and close kinsman of Liu Dan in Jiankang was put to death — the slain numbered in the thousands — and some whose families were already dead were only then fleeing from within the city.
16
慶之至城下，誕登樓謂之曰：「沈公垂白之年，何苦來此！」 慶之曰：「朝廷以君狂愚，不足勞少壯故耳。」
When Qingzhi reached the foot of the wall, Liu Dan mounted the tower and called down, "Lord Shen, in the years when your hair has turned white — why trouble yourself to come here!" Qingzhi replied, "The court judged you mad and foolish — not worth troubling the young and strong, that is all."
17
上慮誕奔魏，使慶之斷其走路。 慶之移營白土，去城十八里，又進軍新亭。 豫州刺史宗愨、徐州刺史劉道隆並帥眾來會； 兗州刺史沈僧明，慶之兄子也，亦遣兵助慶之。 先是誕誑其眾，云「宗愨助我」； 愨至，繞城曜馬呼曰：「我，宗愨也！」
The emperor feared Liu Dan would flee to Northern Wei and ordered Qingzhi to cut off his escape routes. Qingzhi moved camp to Baitu, eighteen li from the city, then advanced to Xinting. Yuzhou Governor Zong Que and Xuzhou Governor Liu Daolong both led their forces to join him; Yanzhou Governor Shen Sengming, Qingzhi's nephew, also sent troops to reinforce him. Earlier Liu Dan had deceived his troops, saying, "Zong Que is on my side"; when Que arrived, he rode around the city displaying his mount and shouted, "It is I, Zong Que!"
18
誕見眾軍大集，欲棄城北走，留中兵參軍申靈賜守廣陵，自將步騎數百人，親信並自隨，聲雲出戰，邪趨海陵道。 慶之遣龍驤將軍武念追之。 誕行十餘里，眾皆不欲去，互請誕還城。 誕曰：「我還易耳，卿能為我盡力乎？」 眾皆許諾，誕乃復還，築壇歃血以誓眾，凡府州文武皆加秩。 以主簿劉琨之為中兵參軍； 琨之，遵考之子也，辭曰：「忠孝不得並。 琨之老父在，不敢承命。」 誕囚之十餘日，終不受，乃殺之。
Seeing the armies massed against him, Liu Dan wished to abandon the city and flee north; he left Central Troops Staff Officer Shen Lingci to hold Guangling, personally led several hundred foot and horse with his closest confidants in train, claiming he was going out to fight while veering toward the Hailing road. Qingzhi sent Dragon Cavalry General Wu Nian in pursuit. After Liu Dan had gone more than ten li, none of his followers wished to leave, and they repeatedly begged him to return to the city. Liu Dan said, "Returning is easy for me — but will you all fight your hardest for me?" All promised, and Liu Dan turned back; he built an altar, drank blood in oath to bind his followers, and promoted every civil and military officer of the prefecture and commandery. He appointed chief clerk Liu Kunzhi Central Troops Staff Officer; Kunzhi was Liu Zunkao's son and declined, saying, "Loyalty and filial piety cannot stand together. My aged father is still alive — I dare not accept the commission." Liu Dan imprisoned him for more than ten days; when he still refused, Liu Dan had him killed.
19
右衛將軍垣護之、虎賁中郎將殷孝祖等擊魏還，至廣陵，上並使受慶之節度。 慶之進營，逼廣陵城。 誕餉慶之食，提挈者百餘人，出自北門； 慶之不開視，悉焚之。 誕於城上授函表，請慶之為送，慶之曰：「我受詔討賊，不得為汝送表。 汝必欲歸死朝廷，自應開門遣使，吾為汝護送。」
Right Guard General Yuan Huzhi, Tiger Guard Commandant Yin Xiaozu, and others, returning from campaigns against Northern Wei, reached Guangling; the emperor placed them all under Qingzhi's command. Qingzhi advanced his camp and pressed close to Guangling. Liu Dan sent food to Qingzhi; more than a hundred bearers came out through the north gate; Qingzhi would not even look and had it all burned. Liu Dan handed down a sealed memorial from atop the wall and asked Qingzhi to deliver it; Qingzhi said, "I have orders to suppress the rebel — I cannot carry your memorial for you. If you truly wish to surrender and die before the court, open the gates yourself and send envoys — I will escort them for you."
20
東揚州刺史顏竣遭母憂，送喪還都，上恩待猶厚，竣時對親舊有怨言，或語及朝廷得失。 會王僧達得罪，疑竣譖之； 將死，具陳竣前後怨望誹謗之語。 上乃使御史中丞庾微之劾奏，免竣官。 竣愈懼，上啟陳謝，且請生命； 上益怒，詔答曰：「卿訕訐怨憤，已孤本望； 乃復過煩思慮，懼不自全，豈為下事上誠節之至邪！」 及竟陵王誕反，上遂誣竣與誕通謀，五月，收竣付廷尉，先折其足，然後賜死。 妻子徙交州，至宮亭湖，復沉其男口。
Eastern Yangzhou Governor Yan Jun, in mourning for his mother, escorted her funeral back to the capital; the emperor still treated him generously, but Jun at times complained to kin and old friends, sometimes touching on the court's failings. When Wang Sengda fell from favor, he suspected Yan Jun had slandered him; facing execution, he laid out in full every resentful and slanderous remark Yan Jun had made. The emperor then had Imperial Censor Yu Weizhi memorialize accusations and strip Yan Jun of his office. Jun grew still more fearful, submitted a memorial of apology, and begged for his life; the emperor grew angrier still and replied by edict, "Your mockery, accusations, and resentment have already betrayed my hopes; yet you trouble me again with your anxious fears for your own safety — is this the utmost sincerity of a subject serving his lord!" When Prince Jingling Liu Dan rebelled, the emperor then falsely charged Yan Jun with plotting alongside him; in the fifth month, Jun was arrested and handed to the Court of Justice — his legs were broken first, then he was granted death. His wife and children were banished to Jiaozhou; at Gongting Lake, his sons were drowned as well.
21
六月，戊申，魏主如陰山。
In the sixth month, on wushen, the Northern Wei emperor went to Yinshan.
22
上命沈慶之為三烽於桑裡，若克外城，舉一烽，克內城，舉兩烽，擒劉誕，舉三烽； 璽書督趣，前後相繼。 慶之焚其東門，塞塹，造攻道，立行樓、土山並諸攻具，值久雨，不得攻城。 上使御史中丞庾微之奏免慶之官，詔勿問，以激之。 自四月至於秋七月，雨止，城猶未拔。 上怒，命太史擇日，將自濟江討誕； 太宰義恭固諫。 乃止。
The emperor ordered Shen Qingzhi to set up three beacon fires at Sangli: one beacon if the outer city fell, two if the inner city fell, three if Liu Dan were captured; imperial letters pressing him onward arrived one after another. Qingzhi burned the east gate, filled the moat, built assault ramps, erected mobile towers and earthen mounds and every sort of siege engine — but weeks of rain prevented any assault on the city. The emperor had Imperial Censor Yu Weizhi memorialize a request to dismiss Qingzhi from office; an edict declined to act — to spur him on. From the fourth month until the seventh month of autumn the rain ceased, yet the city still had not fallen. The emperor in his rage ordered the Grand Astrologer to choose a day and prepared to cross the Yangzi himself to suppress Liu Dan; Grand Tutor Liu Yigong firmly remonstrated. The emperor relented.
23
誕初閉城拒使者，記室參軍山陰賀弼固諫，誕怒，抽刀向之，乃止。 誕遣兵出戰，屢敗，將佐多逾城出降。 或勸弼宜早出，弼曰：「公舉兵向朝廷，此事既不可從； 荷公厚恩，又義無違背，唯當以死明心耳！」 乃飲藥自殺。 參軍何康之等謀開門納官軍，不果，斬關出降。 誕為高樓，置康之母於其上，暴露之，不與食； 母呼康之，數日而死。 誕以中軍長濟陽范義為左司馬。 義母妻子皆在城內，或謂義曰：「事必不振，子其行乎！」 義曰：「吾，人吏也； 子不可以棄母，吏不可以叛君。 必若何康之而活，吾弗為也。」
When Liu Dan first shut the city and refused the envoys, his registrar He Bi of Shanyin firmly remonstrated; Liu Dan in his rage drew his blade on him, then stayed his hand. Liu Dan sent troops out to fight and was repeatedly defeated; many officers and aides climbed over the wall to surrender. Some urged Bi to leave while he still could; Bi said, "Our lord has raised troops against the court — that I cannot follow; yet I have received his deep grace, and in righteousness I cannot betray him — I can only make my loyalty clear through death!" He then took poison and killed himself. Staff Officer He Kangzhi and others plotted to open the gates and admit the imperial army; the plot failed, and they cut through the barrier and surrendered. Liu Dan built a high tower, placed He Kang's mother atop it, exposed her to the elements, and gave her no food; she called for Kangzhi day after day, and after several days died. Liu Dan appointed Central Army Chief Fan Yi of Jiyang as Left Staff Major. Yi's mother, wife, and children were all inside the city; some urged him, "This cause cannot succeed — you should leave while you can!" Fan Yi replied, "I am a man who serves as an officer; a son cannot abandon his mother, and an officer cannot betray his lord. If I must live as He Kangzhi did, I will not do it."
24
沈慶之帥眾攻城，身先士卒，親犯矢石，乙巳，克其外城； 乘勝而進，又克小城。 誕聞兵入，走趨後園，隊主沈胤之等追及之，擊傷誕，墜水，引出，斬之。 誕母、妻皆自殺。
Shen Qingzhi led the assault on the city, himself going before the troops and braving arrows and stones in person; on yisi he took the outer city; pressing the victory forward, he also took the inner ward. Hearing troops had broken in, Liu Dan fled toward the rear garden; squad leader Shen Yinzhi and others overtook him, wounded him, he fell into the water, was pulled out, and beheaded. Liu Dan's mother and wife both killed themselves.
25
上聞廣陵平，出宣陽門，敕左右皆呼萬歲。 侍中蔡興宗陪輦，上顧曰：「卿何獨不呼？」 興宗正色曰：「陛下今日正應涕泣行誅，豈得皆稱萬歲！」 上不悅。
Hearing Guangling had fallen, the emperor went out the Xuanyang Gate and ordered everyone at his side to cry "Long live the emperor!" Attendant Within Cai Xingzong rode beside the carriage; the emperor turned and said, "Why do you alone not shout?" Xingzong said gravely, "Your Majesty today ought rather to weep and carry out executions — how can everyone shout 'Long live the emperor'!" The emperor was displeased.
26
詔貶誕姓留氏，廣陵城中士民，無大小悉命殺之。 沈慶之請自五尺以下全之，其餘男子皆死，女子以為軍賞； 猶殺三千餘口。 長水校尉宗越臨決，皆先刳腸抉眼，或笞面鞭腹，苦酒灌創，然後斬之，越對之，欣欣若有所得。 上聚其首於石頭南岸為京觀，侍中沈懷文諫，不聽。 初，誕自知將敗，使黃門呂曇濟與左右素所信者將世子景粹匿於民間，謂曰：「事若不濟，思相全脫； 如其不免，可深埋之。」 各分以金寶繼送。 既出門，並散走； 唯曇濟不去，攜負景粹十餘日，捕得，斬之。
An edict degraded Liu Dan's clan to the surname Liu; every man, woman, and child in Guangling was ordered put to death. Shen Qingzhi pleaded that those below five chi in height be spared; all other males were to die, and the women were to be given as military rewards; still more than three thousand people were killed. Chief of the Changshui Guard Zong Yue presided over the executions; each victim was first disemboweled and blinded, or flogged on the face and whipped on the belly, strong wine poured into the wounds, and then beheaded — Yue watched with delight, as if he had gained something. The emperor piled their heads on the south bank of Shitou into a victory mound; Attendant Within Shen Huaiwen remonstrated, but the emperor would not listen. Earlier, knowing he would be defeated, Liu Dan sent Yellow Gate Lü Yanji with his most trusted men to hide his heir Jingcui among the common people, saying, "If things fail, find a way to save him; if he cannot be spared, bury him deep." Each was given gold and jewels in turn. Once outside the gates, all scattered and fled; only Yanji did not leave, carrying Jingcui on his back for more than ten days until they were captured and beheaded.
27
臨川內史羊璿坐與誕素善，下獄死。
Linchuan Interior Secretary Yang Xuan, charged with having long been close to Liu Dan, was imprisoned and died.
28
擢梁曠為後將軍，贈劉琨之給事黃門侍郎。
Liang Kuang was promoted to Rear General; Liu Kunzhi was posthumously appointed Attendant Within the Yellow Gate.
29
蔡興宗奉旨慰勞廣陵。 興宗與范義素善，收斂其屍，送喪歸豫章。 上謂曰：「卿何敢故觸王憲？」 興宗抗言對曰：「陛下自殺賊，臣自葬故交，何不可之有！」 上有慚色。
Cai Xingzong received orders to comfort and reward Guangling. Xingzong had long been close to Fan Yi; he gathered Yi's corpse and sent the funeral back to Yuzhang. The emperor said to him, "How dare you deliberately defy the royal statutes?" Xingzong answered boldly, "Your Majesty kills rebels; I bury an old friend — what is wrong with that!" The emperor looked ashamed.
30
宗越治軍嚴，善為營陳。 每數萬人止頓，越自騎馬前行，使軍人隨其後，馬止營合，未嘗參差。
Zong Yue governed the army with strict discipline and was skilled at arranging encampments. Whenever tens of thousands halted, Yue rode ahead on horseback while the soldiers followed behind; when his horse stopped, the camp aligned — never once out of order.
31
辛未，大赦。
On xinwei, a general amnesty was proclaimed.
32
丙子，以丹陽尹劉秀之為尚書右僕射。
On bingzi, Danyang Prefect Liu Xiuzhi was appointed Right Vice Director of the Secretariat.
33
丙戌，以南兗州刺史沈慶之為司空，刺史如故。
On bingxu, Southern Yanzhou Governor Shen Qingzhi was appointed Minister of Works while retaining his governorship.
34
八月，庚戌，魏主如雲中； 壬戌，還平城。
In the eighth month, on gengxu, the Northern Wei emperor went to Yunzhong; on renxu, he returned to Pingcheng.
35
九月，壬辰，築上林苑於玄武湖北。
In the ninth month, on renchen, the Upper Forest Park was built north of Xuanwu Lake.
36
初，晉人築南郊壇於巳位，尚書右丞徐爰以為非禮。 詔徙於牛頭山西，直宮城之午位。 及廢帝即位，以舊地為吉，復還故處。 帝又命尚書左丞荀萬秋造五路，依金根車，加羽葆蓋。
Earlier, the Jin had built the southern suburban altar in the si position; Right Assistant Director Xu Ai held this contrary to ritual. An edict moved it west of Niutou Mountain, directly aligned with the palace city's south-facing position. When the Deposed Emperor took the throne, the old site was considered auspicious and the altar was moved back. The emperor also ordered Left Assistant Director Xun Wanqiu to build five imperial carriages modeled on the golden-root carriage, with feather canopies added.
37
世祖孝武皇帝下大明四年（ 庚子，公元四六零年）
The Reign of Emperor Xiaowu of Song, Continued — Fourth Year of Daming ( gengzi, corresponding to 460 CE)
38
春，正月，甲子朔，魏大赦，改元和平。
In spring, on the jiazi new moon of the first month, Northern Wei proclaimed a general amnesty and changed the era name to Heping (Peace).
39
乙亥，上耕籍田，大赦。
On yihai, the emperor plowed the sacred field and proclaimed a general amnesty.
40
己卯，詔祀郊廟，初乘玉路。
On jimao, an edict ordered sacrifices at the suburban altars and ancestral temples; for the first time the jade imperial carriage was used.
41
庚寅，立皇子子勳為晉安王，子房為尋陽王，子頊為歷陽王，子鸞為襄陽王。
On gengyin, Prince Zixun was made Prince of Jin'an, Zifang Prince of Xunyang, Zixu Prince of Liyang, and Ziluan Prince of Xiangyang.
42
魏散騎侍郎馮闡來聘。
Feng Chan, Attendant Cavalier of Northern Wei, came on a diplomatic mission.
43
二月，魏衛將軍樂安王良討河西叛胡。
In the second month, Northern Wei Guard General Prince Liang of Le'an suppressed the rebel Hu of Hexi.
44
三月，魏人寇北陰平，朱提太守楊歸子擊破之。
In the third month, Northern Wei forces raided Beiyinping; Zhuti Administrator Yang Guizi defeated them.
45
甲申，皇后親桑於西郊，皇太后觀禮。
On jiashen, the empress personally tended the mulberry trees at the western suburb while the empress dowager observed the rite.
46
夏，四月，魏太后常氏殂。 五月，癸丑，魏葬昭太后於鳴雞山。
In summer, in the fourth month, Empress Dowager Chang of Northern Wei died. In the fifth month, on guichou, Northern Wei buried Empress Dowager Zhao on Mingji Mountain.
47
丙戌，尚書左僕射褚湛之卒。
On bingxu, Left Vice Director Chu Zhanzhi died.
48
吐谷渾王拾寅兩受宋、魏爵命，居止出入，擬於王者，魏人忿之。 定陽侯曹安表：「拾寅今保白蘭，若分軍出其左右，必走保南山，不過十日，人畜乏食，可一舉而定。」 六月，甲午，魏遣征西大將軍陽平王新成等督統萬、高平諸軍出南道，南郡公中山李惠等督涼州諸軍出北道，以擊吐谷渾。
Tuyuhun King Shiyin had accepted enfeoffment from both Song and Northern Wei; his dwelling and comings and goings were patterned on a king's — the Wei court resented this. Marquis of Dingyang Cao An memorialized, "Shiyin now holds Bailan; if we divide our forces to strike on both flanks, he will surely flee to the southern mountains — within ten days his men and livestock will starve, and we can settle him in one stroke." In the sixth month, on jiawu, Northern Wei sent Campaign-west Grand General Prince Xincheng of Yangping to command the Wan and Gaoping armies on the southern route, and Duke of Zhongshan Li Hui to command the Liangzhou armies on the northern route, to strike Tuyuhun.
49
魏崔浩之誅也，史官遂廢，至是復置。
When Cui Hao of Northern Wei was executed, the historiographical office had been abolished; now it was restored.
50
河西叛胡詣長安首罪，魏遣使者安慰之。
The rebel Hu of Hexi came to Chang'an to confess their crimes; Northern Wei sent envoys to reassure them.
51
秋，七月，遣使如魏。
In autumn, in the seventh month, envoys were sent to Northern Wei.
52
甲戌，開府儀同三司何尚之卒。
On jiaxu, Grand Master with Golden Seal and Purple Ribbon He Shangzhi died.
53
壬午，魏主如河西。
On renwu, the Northern Wei emperor went to Hexi.
54
魏軍至西平，吐谷渾王拾寅走保南山。 九月，魏軍濟河追之，會疾疫，引還，獲雜畜二十餘萬。
Northern Wei forces reached Xiping; Tuyuhun King Shiyin fled to the southern mountains. In the ninth month, Northern Wei forces crossed the river in pursuit; when epidemic disease broke out, they withdrew, capturing more than two hundred thousand head of livestock.
55
庚午，魏主還平城。
On gengwu, the Northern Wei emperor returned to Pingcheng.
56
丁亥，徒襄陽王子鸞為新安王。
On dinghai, Prince Ziluan of Xiangyang was transferred to be Prince of Xin'an.
57
十月，庚寅，詔沈慶之討緣江蠻。
In the tenth month, on gengyin, an edict ordered Shen Qingzhi to suppress the barbarians along the Yangzi.
58
前廬陵內史周郎，言事切直，上銜之。 使有司奏郎居母喪不如禮，傳送寧州，於道殺之。 朗之行也，侍中蔡興宗方在直，請與朗別； 坐白衣領職。
Former Linling Interior Secretary Zhou Lang spoke bluntly on state affairs; the emperor bore a grudge against him. He had the relevant offices charge that Lang had not observed mourning ritual properly for his mother; Lang was sent in custody to Ningzhou and killed on the road. When Lang was being sent away, Attendant Within Cai Xingzong was on palace duty and asked to bid him farewell; he was punished by being required to wear white while retaining his post.
59
十一月，魏散騎侍郎盧度世等來聘。
In the eleventh month, Lu Dushi and others, Attendant Cavalier of Northern Wei, came on a diplomatic mission.
60
是歲，上征青、冀二州刺史顏師伯為侍中。 師伯以諂佞被親任，群臣莫及，多納貨賄，家累千金。 上嘗與之樗蒲，上擲得雉，自謂必勝； 師伯次擲，得盧，上失色。 師伯遽斂子曰：「幾作盧！」 是日，師伯一輸百萬。
This year, the emperor summoned Qing and Ji Governors Yan Shibo to court as Attendant Within. Shibo won the emperor's intimate trust through flattery and sycophancy; no minister could match him; he accepted many bribes, and his household amassed great wealth. The emperor once played pitch-pot with him; the emperor threw and got a pheasant, and declared himself certain to win; Shibo threw next and got a deer; the emperor's face fell. Shibo quickly gathered the dice and exclaimed, "I nearly made a deer!" That day Shibo deliberately lost a million in one throw.
61
柔然攻高昌，殺沮渠安周，滅沮渠氏，以闞伯周為高昌王。 高昌稱王自此始。
Rouran attacked Gaochang, killed Juqu Anzhou, extinguished the Juqu clan, and made Kan Bozhou King of Gaochang. From this Gaochang began to claim kingship.
62
世祖孝武皇帝下大明五年（ 辛丑，公元四六一年）
The Reign of Emperor Xiaowu of Song, Continued — Fifth Year of Daming ( xinchou, corresponding to 461 CE)
63
春，正月，戊午朔，朝賀。 雪落太宰義恭衣，有六出，義恭奏以為瑞，上悅。 義恭以上猜暴，懼不自容，每卑辭遜色，曲意祗奉； 由是終上之世，得免於禍。
In spring, on the wuwu new moon of the first month, the court held its New Year audience. Snow fell on Grand Tutor Liu Yigong's robe in six-pointed flakes; Yigong memorialized that this was an auspicious sign, and the emperor was pleased. Yigong, knowing the emperor was suspicious and violent, feared for his life and always spoke humbly and deferentially, bending every effort to please him; and so through the emperor's entire reign he escaped harm.
64
二月，辛卯，魏主如中山； 丙午，至鄴，遂如信都。
In the second month, on xinmao, the Northern Wei emperor went to Zhongshan; on bingwu he reached Ye, then went on to Xindu.
65
三月，遣使如魏。
In the third month, envoys were sent to Northern Wei.
66
魏主發並、肆州民五千人治河西獵道； 辛巳，還平城。
The Northern Wei emperor mobilized five thousand people from Bing and Xi provinces to repair the hunting roads of Hexi; on xinsi he returned to Pingcheng.
67
夏，四月，癸巳，更以西陽王子尚為豫章王。
In summer, in the fourth month, on guisi, Prince Zishang of Xiyang was again made Prince of Yuzhang.
68
庚子，詔經始明堂，直作大殿於丙、己之地，制如太廟，唯十有二間為異。
On gengzi, an edict ordered construction of the Bright Hall; a great hall was to be built in the bing and ji positions, modeled on the Imperial Ancestral Temple but with twelve bays.
69
雍州刺史海陵王休茂，年十七，司馬新野庾深之行府事。 休茂性急，欲自專處決，深之及主帥每禁之，常懷忿恨。 左右張伯超有寵，多罪惡，主帥屢責之。 伯超懼，說休茂曰：「主帥密疏官過失，欲以啟聞，如此恐無好。」。 休茂曰：「為之奈何？」 伯超曰：「唯有殺行事及主帥，舉兵自衛。 此去都數千里，縱大事不成，不失入虜中為王。」 休茂從之。
Yongzhou Governor Prince Xiumao of Hailing was seventeen; his staff major Yu Shenzhi of Xinye conducted the prefectural affairs. Xiumao was impatient by nature and wished to decide everything himself — Shenzhi and the commandant repeatedly restrained him, and he constantly nursed resentment. His favorite Zhang Bochao committed many crimes; the commandant repeatedly reproved him. Bochao grew afraid and said to Xiumao, "The commandant has secretly memorialized our faults to the throne — if this reaches the court, we are finished." Xiumao said, "What can we do?" Bochao said, "We must kill the acting prefect and the commandant and raise troops in our own defense. The capital is thousands of li away; even if we fail, we can flee into barbarian lands and make ourselves kings." Xiumao agreed.
70
丙午夜，休茂與伯超等帥夾轂隊，殺典簽楊慶於城中，出金城，殺深之及典簽戴雙； 徵集兵眾，建牙馳檄，使佐吏上己為車騎大將軍、開府儀同三司，加黃鉞。 侍讀博士荀詵諫，休茂殺之。 伯超專任軍政，生殺在己，休茂左右曹萬期挺身斫休茂，不克而死。
At midnight on bingwu, Xiumao with Bochao and others led the flank-guard companies, killed Chief Clerk Yang Qing in the city, went out through the Golden Gate, and killed Shenzhi and Chief Clerk Dai Shuang; mustered troops, raised the command standard and sent out proclamations, and had his aides memorialize his appointment as General of Chariots and Cavalry, Grand Master with Golden Seal and Purple Ribbon, with the yellow battle-axe added. Lecturer-Reader Doctor Xun Shen remonstrated; Xiumao had him killed. Bochao monopolized military and civil affairs with power of life and death; Xiumao's attendant Cao Wanqi threw himself forward to strike Xiumao down, failed, and was killed.
71
休茂出城行營，咨議參軍沈暢之等帥眾閉門拒之。 休茂馳還，不得入。 義成太守薛繼考為休茂盡力攻城，克之，斬暢之及同謀數十人。 其日，參軍尹玄慶復起兵攻休茂，生擒，斬之，母、妻皆自殺，同黨伏誅。 城中擾亂，莫相統攝。 中兵參軍劉恭之，秀之之弟也，眾共推行府州事。 繼考以兵脅恭之，使作啟事，言「繼考立義」，自乘驛還都； 上以為北中郎咨議參軍，賜爵冠軍侯； 事尋洩，伏誅。 以玄慶為射聲校尉。
When Xiumao went out to inspect the camp, Advisory Staff Officer Shen Changzhi and others led troops to shut the gates against him. Xiumao galloped back but could not enter. Yicheng Administrator Xue Jikao threw all his strength into assaulting the city for Xiumao, took it, and beheaded Changzhi and several dozen co-conspirators. That same day, Staff Officer Yin Xuanqing raised troops again, captured Xiumao alive and beheaded him; his mother and wife killed themselves, and his accomplices were executed. The city fell into turmoil with no one in command. Central Troops Staff Officer Liu Gongzhi, Liu Xiuzhi's younger brother, was chosen by common consent to conduct the prefectural and commandery affairs. Jikao used troops to coerce Gongzhi into drafting a memorial claiming he had "upheld righteousness," then took the post relay back to the capital himself; the emperor appointed him Advisory Staff Officer of the North Central Commandant and granted him the title Marquis of Champion; the affair was soon exposed, and he was executed. Xuanqing was appointed Chief of the She Sheng Guard.
72
上自即位以來，抑黜諸弟； 既克廣陵，欲更峻其科。 沈懷文曰：「漢明不使其子比光武之子，前史以為美談。 陛下既明管、蔡之誅，願崇唐、衛之寄。」 及襄陽平，太宰義恭探知上旨，復上表請裁抑諸王，不使任邊州，及悉輸器甲，禁絕賓客； 沈懷文固諫，以為不可，乃止。
Since taking the throne, the emperor had suppressed and demoted his younger brothers; having taken Guangling, he wished to make their penalties still harsher. Shen Huaiwen said, "Emperor Ming of Han did not let his sons compare with Emperor Guangwu's sons — the histories praise this as exemplary. Your Majesty, having punished rebellion as the Duke of Zhou punished Guan and Cai, should show the forbearance the Duke of Zhou showed Tang and Wei." When Xiangyang was pacified, Grand Tutor Liu Yigong, sensing the emperor's intent, again memorialized requesting tighter restrictions on the princes — barring them from border provinces, requiring them to surrender all weapons and armor, and cutting off their guests; Shen Huaiwen firmly remonstrated that this was wrong, and the emperor relented.
73
上畋游無度，嘗出，夜還，敕開門。 侍中謝莊居守，以棨信或虛，執不奉旨，須墨敕乃開。 上後因燕飲，從容曰：「卿欲效郅君章邪？」 對曰：「臣聞王者祭祀、畋游，出入有節。 今陛下晨往宵歸，臣恐不逞之徒，妄生矯詐。 是以伏須神筆，乃敢開門耳。」
The emperor hunted without restraint; once he went out and returned at night, ordering the gate opened. Attendant Within Xie Zhuang was on guard; suspecting the tallies might be forged, he refused to obey until he received an ink edict. Later, at a banquet, the emperor said lightly, "Do you wish to imitate Zhi Junzhang?" He answered, "I have heard that a king's sacrifices and hunting, his comings and goings, all have their proper limits. Your Majesty goes out in the morning and returns at night — I fear unscrupulous men may forge orders in your name. That is why I waited for Your Majesty's own written order before I dared open the gate."
74
魏大旱，詔：「州郡境內，神無大小，悉灑掃致禱； 俟豐登，各以其秩祭之。」 於是群祀之廢者皆復其舊。
Northern Wei suffered a great drought; an edict ordered, "Within every province and commandery, spirits great and small are to be swept clean and prayed to; when the harvest is abundant, each is to receive sacrifice according to its rank." Thereupon all communal sacrifices that had been abolished were restored.
75
秋，七月，戊寅，魏主立其弟小新成為濟陽王，加征東大將軍，鎮平原； 天賜為汝陰王，加征南大將軍，鎮虎牢； 萬壽為樂浪王，加征北大將軍，鎮和龍； 洛侯為廣平王。
In autumn, in the seventh month, on wuyin, the Northern Wei emperor enfeoffed his younger brother Xiaoxincheng as Prince of Jiyang, appointed him Campaign-east Grand General, and stationed him at Pingyuan; Tianci as Prince of Ruyin, appointed Campaign-south Grand General, stationed at Hulao; Wanshou as Prince of Lelang, appointed Campaign-north Grand General, stationed at Helong; Luohou as Prince of Guangping.
76
壬午，魏主巡山北； 八月，丁丑，還平城。
On renwu, the Northern Wei emperor toured north of the mountains; in the eighth month, on dingchou, he returned to Pingcheng.
77
戊子，立皇子子仁為永嘉王，子真為始安王。
On wuzi, Prince Ziren was made Prince of Yongjia and Zizhen Prince of Shi'an.
78
九月，甲寅朔，日有食之。
In the ninth month, on the jiayin new moon, there was a solar eclipse.
79
沈慶之固讓司空，柳元景固讓開府儀同三司； 詔許之，仍命慶之朝會位次司空，俸祿依三司，元景在從公之上。
Shen Qingzhi firmly declined the post of Minister of Works; Liu Yuanjing firmly declined Grand Master with Golden Seal and Purple Ribbon; an edict permitted this, but still ranked Qingzhi at court assembly as Minister of Works with Three Excellencies salary, and placed Yuanjing above the secondary excellencies.
80
慶之目不知書，家素富，產業累萬金，童奴千計； 再獻錢千萬，谷萬斛。 先有四宅，又有園捨在婁湖； 慶之一夕攜子孫及中表親戚徙居婁湖，以四宅輸官。 慶之多蓄妓妾，優遊無事，盡意歡娛，非朝賀不出門； 車馬率素，從者不過三五人，遇之者不知其三公也。
Qingzhi was illiterate; his family had long been wealthy, with estates worth tens of thousands in gold and more than a thousand servants; he twice presented ten million in cash and ten thousand hu of grain to the court. He owned four mansions and also had gardens and lodges at Lou Lake; in one night he moved with his sons, grandsons, and cousins to Lou Lake and presented the four mansions to the government. Qingzhi kept many singing girls and concubines, lived at ease with nothing to do, and gave himself wholly to pleasure; except for court audiences he never went out; his carriage and horses were plain, his followers no more than three or five — those who met him on the road did not know he was one of the Three Excellencies.
81
甲戌，移南豫州治於湖。 丁丑，以潯陽王子房為南豫州刺史。
On jiaxu, the seat of Southern Yuzhou was moved to Yu. On dingchou, Prince Zifang of Xunyang was appointed Governor of Southern Yuzhou.
82
閏月，戊子，皇太子妃何氏卒，謚曰獻妃。
In the intercalary month, on wuzi, Crown Prince's Consort Lady He died; her posthumous title was Consort Xian.
83
壬寅，更以歷陽王子頊為臨海王。
On renyin, Prince Zixu of Liyang was transferred to be Prince of Linhai.
84
冬，十月，甲寅，以南徐州刺史劉延孫為尚書左僕射，右僕射劉秀之為雍州刺史。
In winter, in the tenth month, on jiayin, Southern Xuzhou Governor Liu Yansun was appointed Left Vice Director of the Secretariat, and Right Vice Director Liu Xiuzhi was appointed Governor of Yongzhou.
85
乙卯，以新安王子鸞為南徐州刺史。 子鸞母殷淑儀，寵傾後宮，子鸞愛冠諸子，凡為上所眄遇者，莫不入子鸞之府。 及為南徐州，割吳郡以屬之。
On yimao, Prince Ziluan of Xin'an was appointed Governor of Southern Xuzhou. Ziluan's mother was Lady Yin the Cultivated Consort, whose favor overwhelmed the inner palace; Ziluan was the emperor's favorite son — everyone the emperor favored was admitted into Ziluan's household. When he became Governor of Southern Xuzhou, Wu commandery was carved off and attached to his domain.
86
初，巴陵王休若為北徐州刺史，以山陰令張岱為咨議參軍，行府、州、國事。 後臨海王子頊為廣州，豫章王子尚為揚州，晉安王子勳為南兗州，岱歷為三府咨議、三王行事，與典簽、主帥共事，事舉而情不相失。 或謂岱曰：「主王既幼，執事多門，而每能緝和公私，雲何致此？」 岱曰：「古人言：『一心可以事百君。』 我為政端平，待物以禮，悔吝之事，無由而及； 明暗短長，更是才用之多少耳。」 及子鸞為南徐州，復以岱為別駕、行事。 岱，永之弟也。
Earlier, Prince Xiuruo of Baling, as Governor of Northern Xuzhou, appointed Shanyin Magistrate Zhang Dai Advisory Staff Officer to conduct the prefectural, commandery, and princely state affairs. Later Prince Zixu of Linhai held Guangzhou, Prince Zishang of Yuzhang held Yangzhou, and Prince Zixun of Jin'an held Southern Yanzhou — Dai served successively as advisory officer and acting prefect for all three, working alongside chief clerks and commandants; affairs were concluded without loss of mutual regard. Someone asked Dai, "The princes are young and many hands hold power — yet you harmonize public and private affairs every time; how do you manage it?" Dai said, "The ancients said, 'With one heart one may serve a hundred lords. I govern with upright fairness and treat everyone with ritual propriety — matters of regret never touch me; success and failure are merely a matter of how much talent one brings to bear." When Ziluan became Governor of Southern Xuzhou, Dai was again appointed Vice Director and acting prefect. Dai was Zhang Yongzhi's younger brother.
87
魏員外散騎常侍游明根等來聘。 明根，雅之從祖弟也。
You Minggen, Attendant Cavalier Extraordinary of Northern Wei, and others came on a diplomatic mission. Minggen was a younger cousin of Yazhi on the paternal side.
88
魏廣平王洛侯卒。
Prince Luohou of Guangping under Northern Wei died.
89
十二月，壬申，以領軍將軍劉遵考為尚書右僕射。
In the twelfth month, on renshen, Director of the Palace Guards Liu Zunkao was appointed Right Vice Director of the Secretariat.
90
甲戌，制民戶歲輸布四匹。
On jiaxu, it was decreed that each household was to deliver four bolts of cloth annually.
91
是歲，詔士族雜婚者皆補將吏。 士族多避役逃亡，乃嚴為之制，捕得即斬之，往往奔竄湖山為盜賊。 沈懷文諫，不聽。
This year, an edict ordered that gentry families in mixed marriages were all to be conscripted as generals and officers. Many gentry families evaded corvée and fled; strict regulations were imposed — anyone captured was immediately beheaded, and many fled into lakes and mountains to become bandits. Shen Huaiwen remonstrated; the emperor would not listen.
92
世祖孝武皇帝下大明六年（ 壬寅，公元四六二年）
The Reign of Emperor Xiaowu of Song, Continued — Sixth Year of Daming ( renyin, corresponding to 462 CE)
93
春，正月，癸未，魏樂浪王萬壽卒。
In spring, in the first month, on guiwei, Prince Wanshou of Lelang under Northern Wei died.
94
辛卯，上初祀五帝於明堂，大赦。
On xinmao, the emperor for the first time sacrificed to the Five Emperors at the Bright Hall and proclaimed a general amnesty.
95
丁未，策秀、孝於中堂。 揚州秀才顧法對策曰：「源清則流潔，神聖則刑全。 躬化易於上風，體訓速於草偃。」 上覽之，惡其諒也，投策於地。
On dingwei, the examination of the cultivated and filial was held in the central hall. Yangzhou cultivated talent Gu Fa answered in the examination: "When the source is clear, the stream runs pure; when the sovereign is sacred, punishments are complete. Personal transformation spreads easier than wind from above; embodied instruction works swifter than grass bending in the breeze." The emperor, reading it, hated its bluntness and threw the examination slip to the ground.
96
二月，乙卯，復百官祿。
In the second month, on yimao, official salaries were restored.
97
三月，庚寅，立皇子子元為邵陵王。
In the third month, on gengyin, Prince Ziyuan was made Prince of Shaoling.
98
初，侍中沈懷文，數以直諫忤旨。 懷文素與顏竣、周朗善，上謂懷文曰：「竣若知我殺之，亦當不敢如此。」 懷文嘿然。 侍中王彧，言次稱竣、朗人才之美，懷文與相酬和。 顏師伯以白上，上益不悅。 上嘗出射雉，風雨驟至。 懷文與王彧、江智淵約相與諫。 會召入雉場，懷文曰：「風雨如此，非聖躬所宜冒。」 彧曰：「懷文所啟，宜從。」 智淵未及言，上注弩作色曰：「卿欲效顏竣邪，何以恆知人事！」 又曰：「顏竣小子，恨不先鞭其面！」 每上燕集，在坐者皆令沉醉，嘲謔無度。 懷文素不飲酒，又不好戲調，上謂故欲異己。 謝莊嘗戒懷文曰：「卿每與人異，亦何可久！」 懷文曰：「吾少來如此，豈可一朝而變！ 非欲異物，性所得耳。」 上乃出懷文為晉安王子勳征虜長史，領廣陵太守。
Earlier, Attendant Within Shen Huaiwen had several times offended the emperor through blunt remonstrance. Huaiwen had long been close to Yan Jun and Zhou Lang; the emperor said to him, "If Jun had known I would kill him, he would not have dared act as he did." Huaiwen was silent. Attendant Within Wang Yu praised Jun and Lang's talents in conversation; Huaiwen joined in agreement. Yan Shibo reported this to the emperor, who grew still more displeased. The emperor once went out pheasant hunting when wind and rain suddenly struck. Huaiwen agreed with Wang Yu and Jiang Zhiyuan to remonstrate together. When they were summoned into the pheasant ground, Huaiwen said, "Wind and rain such as this are not fit for Your Majesty to brave." Yu said, "Huaiwen is right — Your Majesty should heed him." Before Zhiyuan could speak, the emperor fixed his crossbow and said angrily, "Do you wish to imitate Yan Jun — why do you always know what is best!" He also said, "That wretch Yan Jun — I regret I did not whip his face first!" At every banquet the emperor held, those seated were made thoroughly drunk while mockery and jesting knew no bounds. Huaiwen did not drink and disliked playful banter; the emperor said he deliberately set himself apart. Xie Zhuang once warned him, "You are always different from everyone else — how long can that last!" Huaiwen said, "I have been this way since youth — how can I change overnight! I do not mean to set myself apart — it is simply my nature." The emperor then sent Huaiwen out as Campaign-against-Barbarians Chief of Staff to Prince Zixun of Jin'an, with concurrent appointment as Guangling Administrator.
99
懷文詣建康朝正，事畢遣還，以女病求申期，至是猶未發，為有司所糾，免官，禁錮十年。 懷文賣宅，欲還東，上聞之，大怒，收付廷尉，丁未，賜懷文死。 懷文三子澹、淵、沖，行哭為懷文請命，見者傷之。 柳元景欲救懷文，言於上曰：「沈懷文三子，塗炭不可見； 願陛下速正其罪。」 上竟殺之。
Huaiwen went to Jiankang for the New Year audience; when the business was concluded he was sent back, but requested extension on account of his daughter's illness — by then he had still not departed and was impeached, dismissed from office, and confined for ten years. Huaiwen sold his house, wishing to return east; the emperor heard of this, flew into a rage, arrested him and handed him to the Court of Justice; on dingwei, Huaiwen was granted death. Huaiwen's three sons Dan, Yuan, and Chong went weeping to beg for his life; all who saw them were moved to sorrow. Liu Yuanjing wished to save Huaiwen and said to the emperor, "Shen Huaiwen's three sons are in such torment they cannot be looked upon; I beg Your Majesty to settle his case quickly." The emperor killed him anyway.
100
夏，四月，淑儀殷氏卒。 追拜貴妃，謚曰宣。 上痛悼不已，精神為之惘惘，頗廢政事。
In summer, in the fourth month, Cultivated Consort Lady Yin died. She was posthumously made Noble Consort with the posthumous title Xuan. The emperor's grief would not cease; his spirit grew dazed, and he largely neglected state affairs.
101
五月，壬寅，太宰義恭解領司徒。
In the fifth month, on renyin, Grand Tutor Liu Yigong relinquished his concurrent post as Minister of Education.
102
六月，辛酉，東昌文穆公劉延孫卒。
In the sixth month, on xinyou, Duke Wenmu of Dongchang Liu Yansun died.
103
庚午，魏主如陰山。
On gengwu, the Northern Wei emperor went to Yinshan.
104
魏石樓胡賀略孫反，長安鎮將陸真討平之。 魏主命真城長蛇鎮。 氐豪仇辱檀反，真討平之，卒城而還。
The Shilou Hu Heluesun under Northern Wei rebelled; Chang'an Garrison General Lu Zhen suppressed and pacified him. The Northern Wei emperor ordered Zhen to fortify Changshe Fort. The Di chieftain Qiurutan rebelled; Zhen suppressed him, completed the fort, and returned.
105
秋，七月，壬寅，魏主如河西。
In autumn, in the seventh month, on renyin, the Northern Wei emperor went to Hexi.
106
乙未，立皇子子雲為晉陵王； 是日卒，謚曰孝。
On yiwei, Prince Ziyun was made Prince of Jinling; that same day he died; his posthumous title was Xiao (Filial).
107
初，晉庾冰議使沙門敬王者，桓玄複述其議，並不果行。 至是，上使有司奏曰：「儒、法枝派，名、墨條分，至於崇親嚴上，厥猷靡爽。 唯浮圖為教，反經提傳，拘文蔽道，在末爾扇。 夫佛以謙卑自牧，忠虔為道，寧有屈膝四輩而簡禮二親，稽顙耆臘而直體萬乘者哉！ 臣等參議，以為沙門接見，比當盡虔； 禮敬之容，依其本俗。」 九月，戊寅，制沙門致敬人主。 及廢帝即位，復舊。
Earlier, Yu Bing of Jin had proposed that Buddhist monks bow to the ruler; Huan Xuan repeated the proposal — neither was carried out. At this time, the emperor had the relevant offices memorialize: "Confucianism and Legalism branch into schools, Names and Mohism divide into lines — yet in honoring kin and revering superiors, their principles do not err. Only Buddhism as a doctrine turns against the classics and lifts up heterodox transmission, binding by texts and obscuring the Way — at the end it fans such things. The Buddha teaches humility and devotion — how could monks bend the knee to the four ranks while simplifying ritual toward their parents, or prostrate before aged monks while standing erect before the emperor! We your ministers jointly hold that when monks are received in audience, they should be fully reverent; the bearing of ritual respect should follow their original custom." In the ninth month, on wuyin, it was decreed that monks were to bow to the sovereign. When the Deposed Emperor took the throne, the former practice was restored.
108
乙未，以尚書右僕射劉遵考為左僕射，丹陽尹王僧朗為右僕射。 僧朗，彧之父也。
On yiwei, Right Vice Director Liu Zunkao was appointed Left Vice Director, and Danyang Prefect Wang Senglang was appointed Right Vice Director. Senglang was Wang Yu's father.
109
冬，十月，壬申，葬宣貴妃於龍山。 鑿岡通道數十里，民不堪役，死亡甚眾； 自江南葬埋之盛，未之有也。 又為之別立廟。
In winter, in the tenth month, on renshen, Noble Consort Xuan was buried at Long Mountain. Hills were cut through and passages opened for tens of li; the people could not bear the corvée, and deaths were very numerous; since the Jin crossed the Yangzi, there had never been such magnificence in burial. A separate temple was also built for her.
110
魏員外散騎常侍游明根等來聘。
You Minggen, Attendant Cavalier Extraordinary of Northern Wei, and others came on a diplomatic mission.
111
辛巳，加尚書令柳元景司空。 壬寅，魏主還平城。
On xinsi, Director of the Secretariat Liu Yuanjing was given the additional title Minister of Works. On renyin, the Northern Wei emperor returned to Pingcheng.
112
南徐州從事史范陽祖沖之上言，何承天《元嘉歷》疏舛猶多，更造新歷，以為：「舊法，冬至日有定處，未盈百載，輒差二度； 今令冬至日度，歲歲微差，將來久用，無煩屢改。 又，子為辰首，位在正北，虛為北方列宿之中； 今歷，上元日度，發自虛一。 又，日辰之號，甲子為先； 今歷，上元歲在甲子。 又，承天法，日、月、五星各自有元； 今法，交會、遲疾悉以上元歲首為始。」 上令善歷者難之，不能屈。 會上晏駕，不果施行。
Southern Xuzhou Attendant Clerk Zu Chongzhi of Fanyang memorialized that He Chengtian's Yuanjia Calendar still had many errors, and proposed a new calendar: "Under the old method, the winter solstice had a fixed position; before a full century had passed, it would already differ by two degrees; now let the winter solstice's degree shift slightly year by year — in long use there will be no need for repeated revisions. Further, zi is the head of the earthly branches, positioned due north; xu is among the northern constellations; in the present calendar, the superior origin's solar degree begins from xu one. Further, among the designations of days and branches, jiazi comes first; in the present calendar, the superior origin year is in jiazi. Further, in Chengtian's method, sun, moon, and the five planets each had their own origin; in the present method, conjunctions and fast-slow motions all begin from the superior origin year's head." The emperor ordered calendar experts to challenge him; they could not refute him. Just then the emperor died suddenly, and it was not put into practice.
113
世祖孝武皇帝下大明七年（ 癸卯，公元四六三年）
The Reign of Emperor Xiaowu of Song, Continued — Seventh Year of Daming ( guimao, corresponding to 463 CE)
114
春，正月，丁亥，以尚書右僕射王僧朗為太常，衛將軍顏師伯為尚書僕射。
In spring, in the first month, on dinghai, Right Vice Director Wang Senglang was appointed Minister of Ceremonies, and Guard General Yan Shibo was appointed Vice Director of the Secretariat.
115
上每因宴集，好使群臣自相嘲訐以為樂。 吏部郎江智淵素恬雅，漸不會旨。 嘗使智淵以王僧郎戲其子彧。 智淵正色曰：「恐不宜有此戲！」 上怒曰：「江僧安癡人，癡人自相惜。」 僧安，智淵之父也。 智淵伏席流涕，由此恩寵大衰。 又議殷遺妃謚曰懷，上以為不盡美，甚銜之。 它日，與群臣乘馬至貴妃墓，舉鞭指墓前石柱，謂智淵曰：「此上不容有『懷』字！」 智淵益懼，竟以憂卒。
At every banquet the emperor liked to have his ministers mock and accuse one another for amusement. Director of the Ministry of Personnel Jiang Zhiyuan was by nature quiet and refined and gradually failed to suit the emperor's intent. Once he had Zhiyuan use Wang Senglang to jest at his son Yu. Zhiyuan said gravely, "I fear such jesting is not fitting!" The emperor said angrily, "Jiang Seng'an is a fool — fools cherish one another." Seng'an was Zhiyuan's father. Zhiyuan prostrated himself on the mat and wept; from this his favor greatly declined. When the posthumous title Huai was proposed for the late Lady Yin, the emperor held it did not fully express her excellence and deeply resented this. Another day, riding with the ministers to the Noble Consort's tomb, he raised his whip and pointed at the stone pillar before the tomb, saying to Zhiyuan, "On this there cannot be the character 'Huai'!" Zhiyuan grew still more fearful and in the end died of anxiety.
116
己丑，以尚書令柳元景為驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司。
On jichou, Director of the Secretariat Liu Yuanjing was appointed Rapid Cavalry General, Grand Master with Golden Seal and Purple Ribbon.
117
二月，甲寅，上南巡豫、南兗二州； 丁卯，校獵於烏江； 壬戌，大赦； 甲子，如瓜步山； 壬申，還建康。
In the second month, on jiayin, the emperor made a southern tour of Yu and Southern Yan provinces; on dingmao he conducted a hunt at Wujiang; on renxu a general amnesty was proclaimed; on jiazi he went to Guabu Mountain; on renshen he returned to Jiankang.
118
夏，四月，甲子，詔：「自非將軍戰陳，並不得專殺； 其罪應重辟者，皆先上須報； 違犯者以殺人論。」
In summer, in the fourth month, on jiazi, an edict said, "Except in generals' battle formations, none may kill on their own authority; those whose crimes deserve capital punishment must all first report upward and await reply; violators are to be judged as murderers."
119
五月，丙子，詔曰：「自今刺史、守宰，動民興軍，皆須手詔施行； 唯邊隅外警及奸釁內發，變起倉猝者，不從此例。」
In the fifth month, on bingzi, an edict said, "From now on governors and prefectural administrators, in mobilizing the people and raising armies, must all act on the emperor's own written order; only border alarms from without and treasonous outbreaks within, where change arises suddenly, are exempt from this rule."
120
戊辰，以左民尚書蔡興宗、左衛將軍袁粲為吏部尚書。 粲，淑之兄子也。
On wuchen, Minister of the Left People Cai Xingzong and Left Guard General Yuan Can were appointed Directors of the Ministry of Personnel. Can was a nephew of Yuan Shuzhi.
121
上好狎侮群臣，自太宰義恭以下，不免穢辱。 常呼金紫光祿大夫王玄謨為老傖，僕射劉秀之為老慳，顏師伯為齴； 其餘短、長、肥、瘦，皆有稱目。 黃門侍郎宗靈秀體肥，拜起不便，每至集會，多所賜與，欲其瞻謝傾踣，以為歡笑。 又寵一崑崙奴，令以杖擊群臣，尚書令柳元景以下皆不能免。 唯憚蔡興宗方嚴，不敢侵媟。 顏師伯謂儀曹郎王耽之曰：「蔡尚書常免暱戲，去人實遠。」 耽之曰：「蔡豫章昔在相府，亦以方嚴不狎。 武帝宴私之日，未嘗相召。 蔡尚書今日可謂能負荷矣。」
The emperor liked to treat his ministers with familiar contempt; from Grand Tutor Liu Yigong downward, none escaped filthy insult. He often called Grand Master of Splendid Brightness Wang Xuanmo "Old Barbarian," Vice Director Liu Xiuzhi "Old Miser," and Yan Shibo "Gums"; the rest — short, tall, fat, thin — all had nicknames. Yellow Gate Attendant Zong Lingxiu was corpulent and found bowing awkward — at every gathering the emperor gave him many gifts, hoping he would topple over when he looked up to give thanks, taking this as a joke. He also favored a Kunlun slave and ordered him to strike the ministers with a staff — from Director Liu Yuanjing downward, none could escape. Only toward Cai Xingzong, stern and upright, did he fear to encroach or insult. Yan Shibo said to Ceremonial Officer Wang Danzhi, "Director Cai is always spared the emperor's familiar jesting — he is truly far above ordinary men." Danzhi said, "Director Cai of Yuzhang, when he was in the chief minister's office, was also stern and upright and not familiar. On Emperor Wu's private banquet days, he was never summoned. Director Cai today may truly be said to bear the load."
122
壬寅，魏主如陰山。
On renyin, the Northern Wei emperor went to Yinshan.
123
六月，戊辰，以秦郡太守劉德願為豫州刺史。 德願，懷慎之子也。 上既葬殷貴妃，數與群臣至其墓，謂德願曰：「卿哭貴妃，悲者當厚賞。」 德願應聲慟哭，撫膺擗踴，涕泗交流。 上甚悅，故用豫州刺史以賞之。 上又令醫術人羊志哭貴妃，志亦嗚咽極悲。 他日有問志者曰：「卿那得此副急淚？」 志曰：「我爾日自哭亡妾耳。」
In the sixth month, on wuchen, Qin commandery Administrator Liu Deyuan was appointed Governor of Yuzhou. Deyuan was Liu Huaijin's son. After burying Noble Consort Yin, the emperor often went with his ministers to her tomb and said to Deyuan, "Whoever weeps for the Noble Consort most sorrowfully shall receive a rich reward." Deyuan at once wailed in grief, beating his breast and stamping his feet, tears streaming down his face. The emperor was greatly pleased and rewarded him with the governorship of Yuzhou. The emperor also ordered the physician Yang Zhi to weep for the Noble Consort; Zhi also sobbed with extreme grief. Another day someone asked Zhi, "How did you produce such ready tears?" Zhi said, "That day I was weeping for my own dead concubine."
124
上為人機警勇決，學問博洽，文章華敏，省讀書奏，能七行俱下，又善騎射，而奢欲無度。 自晉氏渡江以來，宮室草創，朝宴所臨，東、西二堂而已。 晉孝武末，始作清暑殿。 宋興，無所增改。 上始大修宮室，土木被錦繡，嬖妾幸臣，賞賜傾府藏。 壞高祖所居陰室，於其處起玉燭殿。 與群臣觀之，床頭有土障，壁上掛葛燈籠、麻蠅拂。 侍中袁顗因盛稱高祖儉素之德。 上不答，獨曰：「田舍公得此，已為過矣。」 顗，淑之兄子也。
The emperor was alert and decisive, learned and accomplished, his writing splendid and quick; he could read seven lines of memorials at once and was skilled at riding and archery — yet his extravagance and desires knew no bounds. Since the Jin crossed the Yangzi, palace halls had been hastily built; for court banquets there were only the eastern and western halls. At the end of Emperor Xiaowu of Jin, the Clear Summer Hall was first built. When the Song arose, nothing was added or changed. The emperor then began large-scale construction of palace halls; earth and wood were draped in brocade and embroidery; favored concubines and trusted ministers received rewards that emptied the treasury. He destroyed the shaded chamber where Emperor Gaozu had dwelt and on that site raised the Jade Candle Hall. He showed it to the ministers; at the head of the bed was an earthen screen, and on the wall hung a kudzu lamp shade and a hemp fly whisk. Attendant Within Yuan Yi thereupon lavishly praised Emperor Gaozu's virtue of frugality and simplicity. The emperor did not reply, but said only, "For a rustic fellow to have gotten this much was already excessive." Yi was a nephew of Yuan Shuzhi.
125
秋，八月，乙丑，立皇子子孟為淮南王，子產為臨賀王。
In autumn, in the eighth month, on yichou, Prince Zimeng was made Prince of Huainan and Zichan Prince of Linhe.
126
丙寅，魏主畋於河西； 九月，辛巳，還平城。
On bingyin, the Northern Wei emperor hunted in Hexi; in the ninth month, on xinsi, he returned to Pingcheng.
127
庚寅，以新安王子鸞兼司徒。
On gengyin, Prince Ziluan of Xin'an was appointed concurrent Minister of Education.
128
丙申，立皇子子嗣為東平王。
On bingshen, Prince Zisi was made Prince of Dongping.
129
冬，十月，癸亥，以東海王禕為司空。
In winter, in the tenth month, on guihai, Prince Yi of Donghai was appointed Minister of Works.
130
己巳，上校獵姑孰。
On jisi, the emperor conducted a hunt at Gushu.
131
魏員外散騎常侍游明根等來聘。 明根奉使三返，上以其長者，禮之有加。
You Minggen, Attendant Cavalier Extraordinary of Northern Wei, and others came on a diplomatic mission. Minggen had served as envoy three times; the emperor, respecting him as an elder of virtue, treated him with added ceremony.
132
十一月，癸巳，上習水軍於梁山。
In the eleventh month, on guisi, the emperor drilled the naval forces at Liang Mountain.
133
十二月，丙午，如歷陽。
In the twelfth month, on bingwu, he went to Liyang.
134
甲寅，大赦。
On jiayin, a general amnesty was proclaimed.
135
己未，太宰義恭加尚書令。
On jiwei, Grand Tutor Liu Yigong was given the additional post of Director of the Secretariat.
136
癸亥，上還建康。
On guihai, the emperor returned to Jiankang.
137
世祖孝武皇帝下大明八年（ 甲辰，公元四六四年）
The Reign of Emperor Xiaowu of Song, Continued — Eighth Year of Daming ( jiachen, corresponding to 464 CE)
138
春，正月，丁亥，魏主立其弟雲為任城王。
In spring, in the first month, on dinghai, the Northern Wei emperor enfeoffed his younger brother Yun as Prince of Rencheng.
139
戊子，以徐州刺史新安王子鸞領司徒。
On wuzi, Xuzhou Governor Prince Ziluan of Xin'an was appointed concurrent Minister of Education.
140
夏，閏五月，壬寅，太宰義恭領太尉。
In summer, in the intercalary fifth month, on renyin, Grand Tutor Liu Yigong was appointed concurrent Grand Commandant.
141
上末年尤貪財利，刺史、二千石罷還，必限使獻奉，又以蒲戲取之，要令罄盡乃止。 終日酣飲，少有醒時，常憑几昏睡，或外有奏事，即肅然整容，無復酒態。 由是內外畏之，莫敢弛惰。 庚申，上殂於玉燭殿。 遺詔：「太宰義恭解尚書令，加中書監； 以驃騎將軍、南兗州刺史柳元景領尚書令，入居城內。 事無鉅細，悉關二公，大事與始興公沈慶之參決； 若有軍旅，悉委慶之； 尚書中事，委僕射顏師伯； 外臨所統，委領軍將軍王玄謨。」 是日，太子即皇帝位，年十六。 大赦。 吏部尚書蔡興宗親奉璽綬，太子受之，傲惰無戚容。 興宗出，告人曰：「昔魯昭不戚，叔孫知其不終。 家國之禍，其在此乎！」
In his later years the emperor was especially greedy for wealth; when governors and two-thousand-bushel officials were dismissed and returned, he always demanded tribute, and also took from them through gambling, insisting they be utterly drained before he stopped. He drank heavily all day, rarely sober; he often leaned on an armrest in drowsy sleep — yet if business was reported from outside, he at once composed his countenance with stern dignity and showed no more drunken bearing. Thereby within and without all feared him, and none dared grow slack or lazy. On gengshen, the emperor died at the Jade Candle Hall. His testamentary edict said, "Grand Tutor Liu Yigong is relieved of Director of the Secretariat and given Supervisor of the Secretariat; Rapid Cavalry General and Southern Yanzhou Governor Liu Yuanjing is to hold Director of the Secretariat and reside within the city. Matters great and small are all to concern the two dukes; great affairs are to be decided with Duke of Shixing Shen Qingzhi; if there are military campaigns, all are to be entrusted to Qingzhi; affairs within the Secretariat are to be entrusted to Vice Director Yan Shibo; external command is to be entrusted to Director of the Palace Guards Wang Xuanmo." That day the crown prince took the throne; he was sixteen. A general amnesty was proclaimed. Director of the Ministry of Personnel Cai Xingzong personally presented the seal and cord; the crown prince received them with arrogance and indolence, without a sorrowful countenance. Xingzong went out and told others, "In old times Duke Zhao of Lu showed no sorrow, and Shusun knew he would not end well. The calamity of house and state — is it here!"
142
甲子，詔復以太宰義恭錄尚書事，柳元景加開府儀同三司，領丹陽尹，解南兗州。
On jiazi, an edict again made Grand Tutor Liu Yigong recorder of Secretariat affairs; Liu Yuanjing was given Grand Master with Golden Seal and Purple Ribbon, appointed Danyang Prefect, and relieved of Southern Yanzhou.
143
六月，丁亥，魏主如陰山。
In the sixth month, on dinghai, the Northern Wei emperor went to Yinshan.
144
秋，七月，己亥，以晉安王子勳為江州刺史。
In autumn, in the seventh month, on jihai, Prince Zixun of Jin'an was appointed Governor of Jiangzhou.
145
柔然處羅可汗卒，子予成立，號曰受羅部真可汗，改元永康。 部真帥眾侵魏； 辛丑，魏北鎮遊軍擊破之。
Rouran Khan Chuluo died; his son Yucheng succeeded, taking the title Khan Shouluobuzhen and changing the era name to Yongkang. Buzhen led his host to invade Northern Wei; on xinchou, Northern Wei's northern garrison patrol troops defeated them.
146
壬寅，魏主如河西。 高車五部相聚祭天，眾至數萬。 魏主親往臨視之，高車大喜。
On renyin, the Northern Wei emperor went to Hexi. The five divisions of the Gaoche gathered to sacrifice to Heaven; the multitude reached tens of thousands. The Northern Wei emperor personally went to observe; the Gaoche were greatly pleased.
147
丙午，葬孝武皇帝於景寧陵，廟號世祖。
On bingwu, Emperor Xiaowu was buried at Jingning Mausoleum; his temple name was Shizu.
148
庚戌，尊皇太后曰太皇太后，皇后曰皇太后。
On gengxu, the empress dowager was honored as grand empress dowager, and the empress as empress dowager.
149
乙卯，罷南北二馳道，及孝建以來所改制度，還依元嘉。 尚書蔡興宗於都座慨然謂顏師伯曰：「先帝雖非盛德之主，要以道始終。 三年無改，古典所貴。 今殯宮始撤，山陵未遠，而凡諸制度興造，不論是非，一皆刊削，雖復禪代，亦不至爾。 天下有識，當以此窺人。」
On yimao, the northern and southern expressways were abolished, and the institutions changed since the Xiaojian era were restored to follow the Yuanjia model. Director Cai Xingzong said with feeling at the capital seat to Yan Shibo, "The late emperor, though not a ruler of overflowing virtue, still observed the Way from beginning to end. Three years without change — this the ancient canon holds precious. Now the mourning palace has only just been withdrawn and the mountain tomb is not yet distant, yet every institution and construction, regardless of merit, is entirely cut away — even at a transfer of the mandate it would not go this far. Men of discernment in the realm will judge the man by this."
150
太宰義恭素畏戴法興、巢尚之等，雖受遺輔政，而此身避事，由師伯不從。 是政歸近習。 法興等專制朝權，威德近遠，詔敕皆出其手； 尚書事無大小，鹹取決焉，義恭與顏師伯但守空名而已。
Grand Tutor Liu Yigong had long feared Dai Faxing, Chao Shangzhi, and others; though he received the testamentary charge to assist in government, he himself avoided affairs — because Shibo would not follow him. Thus government power returned to the emperor's intimates. Faxing and others monopolized court power; their authority reached near and far; edicts and orders all came from their hands; Secretariat affairs great and small were all decided there; Yigong and Yan Shibo merely kept empty titles.
151
蔡興宗自以職管銓衡，每至上朝，輒為義恭陳登賢進士之意，又箴規得失，博論朝政。 義恭性恇撓，阿順法興，恆慮失旨，聞興宗言，輒戰懼無答，興宗每奏選事，法興、尚之等輒點定國回換，僅有在者。 興宗於朝堂謂義恭、師伯曰：「主上諒暗，不親萬機； 而選舉密事，多被刪改，復非公筆，亦不知是何天子意！」 數與義恭等爭選事，往復論執。 義恭、法興皆惡之。 左遷興宗新昌太守； 既而以其人望，復留之建康。
Cai Xingzong, considering his office governed appointments, at every court audience set forth to Yigong his intent to elevate the worthy and advance scholars, and also admonished on right and wrong, broadly discussing court affairs. Yigong was timid by nature; he flattered Faxing and constantly feared missing the mark; hearing Xingzong's words, he would tremble without reply; whenever Xingzong memorialized on appointments, Faxing, Shangzhi, and others would revise and exchange names — only a few remained. Xingzong said in the court hall to Yigong and Shibo, "The lord is in deep mourning and does not personally handle state affairs; yet confidential appointment matters are mostly deleted and altered — and they are not even in your own hand; who knows whose intent this is!" He repeatedly contended with Yigong and others over appointments, arguing back and forth. Yigong and Faxing both hated him. Xingzong was demoted to Administrator of Xinchang; then because of his public esteem, he was again kept at Jiankang.
152
丙辰，追立何妃曰獻皇后。
On bingchen, Consort He was posthumously established as Empress Xian.
153
乙丑，新安王子鸞解領司徒。 戴法興等惡王玄謨剛嚴，八月，丁卯，以玄謨為南徐州刺史。
On yichou, Prince Ziluan of Xin'an relinquished his concurrent post as Minister of Education. Dai Faxing and others hated Wang Xuanmo's stern severity; in the eighth month, on dingmao, Xuanmo was appointed Governor of Southern Xuzhou.
154
王太后疾篤，使呼廢帝。 帝曰：「病人間多鬼，那可往！」 太后怒，謂侍者：「取刀來，剖我腹，那得生寧馨兒！」 己丑，太后殂。
Empress Dowager Wang was gravely ill and sent to summon the new emperor. The emperor said, "The sickroom is full of ghosts — how can I go there!" The empress dowager was enraged and said to her attendants, "Bring a knife — I will cut open my belly; how did I give birth to this precious child!" On jichou, the empress dowager died.
155
九月，辛丑，魏主還平城。 癸卯，以尚書左僕射劉遵考為特進、右光祿大夫。
In the ninth month, on xinchou, the Northern Wei emperor returned to Pingcheng. On guimao, Left Vice Director Liu Zunkao was appointed Special Advance and Right Grand Master of Splendid Brightness.
156
乙卯，葬文穆皇后於景寧陵。
On yimao, Empress Wenmu was buried at Jingning Mausoleum.
157
冬，十二月，壬辰，以王畿諸郡為揚州，以揚州為東揚州。 癸巳，以豫章王子尚為司徒、揚州刺史。
In winter, in the twelfth month, on renchen, the commanderies of the royal domain were made Yangzhou, and Yangzhou was renamed Eastern Yangzhou. On guisi, Prince Zishang of Yuzhang was appointed Minister of Education and Governor of Yangzhou.
158
是歲，青州移治東陽。
This year, Qingzhou moved its seat to Dongyang.
159
宋之境內，凡有州二十二，郡二百七十四，縣千二百九十九，戶九十四萬有奇。
Within Song's borders there were twenty-two provinces, two hundred seventy-four commanderies, one thousand two hundred ninety-nine counties, and roughly nine hundred forty thousand households.
160
東方諸郡連歲旱，饑，米一升錢數百，建康亦至百餘錢，餓死者什六七。
The eastern commanderies suffered drought year after year and famine; rice cost several hundred cash per sheng, and even at Jiankang more than a hundred — six or seven in ten of those who starved died.