1
資治通鑑第130卷
Comprehensive Mirror in Aid of Governance, Volume 130
2
【宋紀十二】旃蒙大荒落，一年。
[Song Records 12] From Zhanmeng Dahuangluo—one year in all.
3
太宗明皇帝上之上泰始元年（ 乙巳，公元四六五年）
Upper Part One of Emperor Ming the Filial, Taishi year 1 ( yisi, equivalent to 465 CE)
4
春，正月，乙未朔，廢帝改元永光，大赦。
In spring, the first month, on the yiwei new moon, Emperor Qianfei changed the era name to Yongguang and proclaimed a general amnesty.
5
丙申，魏大赦。
On bingshen, Northern Wei proclaimed a general amnesty.
6
二月，丁丑，魏主如樓煩宮。
In the second month, on dingchou, the Northern Wei emperor went to the Loufan Palace.
7
自孝建以來，民間盜鑄濫錢，商貨不行。 庚寅，更鑄二銖錢，形式轉細。 官錢每出，民間即模效之，而更薄小，無輪郭，不磨鑢，謂之「耒子。」
Since the Xiaojian era, the people had illicitly cast debased coin, and commerce had stalled. On gengyin, the court recast two-zhu coins, but their form grew ever finer. Whenever official coin left the mint, the people at once counterfeited it, making pieces yet thinner and smaller, without rims or filing, and called them "Leizi."
8
三月，乙巳，魏主還平城。
In the third month, on yisi, the Northern Wei emperor returned to Pingcheng.
9
夏，五月，癸卯，魏高宗殂。 初，魏世祖經營四方，國頗虛耗，重以內難，朝野楚楚。 高宗嗣之，與時消息，靜以鎮之，懷集中外，民心復安。 甲辰，太子弘即皇帝位，大赦，尊皇后日皇太后。
In summer, the fifth month, on guimao, Northern Wei's Emperor Wencheng died. Earlier, Emperor Taiwu of Northern Wei had campaigned in all directions; the state was greatly depleted, and with internal troubles added, court and countryside were in distress. Wencheng succeeded him, adapting to the times, calming affairs through stillness, winning over Chinese and foreigners alike, and the people's hearts were again at peace. On jiachen, Crown Prince Hong assumed the throne, proclaimed a general amnesty, and honored the empress as empress dowager.
10
顯祖時年十二，侍中、車騎大將軍乙渾專權，矯詔殺尚書楊保年、平陽公賈愛仁、南陽公張天度於禁中。 侍中、司徒、平原王陸麗治疾於代郡溫泉，乙渾使司衛監穆多侯召之。 多侯謂麗曰：「渾有無君之心。 今宮車晏駕，王德望素重，奸臣所忌，宜少淹留以觀之； 朝廷安靜，然後入，未晚也。」 麗曰：「安有聞君父之喪，慮患而不赴者乎！」 即馳赴平城。 乙渾所為多不法，麗數爭之。 戊申，渾又殺麗及穆多侯。 多侯，壽之弟也。 己酉，魏以渾為太尉、錄尚書事，東安王劉尼為司徒，尚書左僕射代人和其奴為司空。 殿中尚書順陽公郁謀誅乙渾，渾殺之。
Emperor Xianwen was then twelve years old. Attendant-in-ordinary and General of Chariots and Cavalry Yi Hun monopolized power and, by forged edict, killed Minister of Works Yang Baonian, Duke of Pingyang Jia Airen, and Duke of Nanyang Zhang Tiandu within the inner palace. Attendant-in-ordinary, Minister over the Masses, and Prince of Pingyuan Lu Li was treating his illness at the hot springs in Dai commandery; Yi Hun sent Director of Palace Guards Mu Duohou to summon him. Duohou said to Li, "Hun harbors treasonous intent toward the throne. Now the late emperor has passed. Your virtue and standing have long been weighty, and the traitor will resent you. You ought to linger a while and watch how things develop; once the court has settled, then enter the capital—it will not be too late." Li said, "How could anyone who hears of his lord and father's death weigh danger and fail to hasten there!" He at once galloped to Pingcheng. Yi Hun's conduct was largely unlawful, and Li repeatedly disputed him. On wushen, Hun again killed Li and Mu Duohou. Duohou was the younger brother of Mu Shou. On jiyou, Northern Wei appointed Hun Grand Commandant and Recorder of the Masters of Writing; Prince of Dong'an Liu Ni as Minister over the Masses; and Left Vice Director of the Masters of Writing Helu of Daihe as Minister of Works. Director of the Palace Secretariat Duke of Shunyang Yu plotted to kill Yi Hun; Hun killed him.
11
壬子，魏以淮南王它為鎮西大將軍、儀同三司，鎮涼州。
On renzi, Northern Wei appointed Prince of Huainan Tuoba Ta Grand General Who Pacifies the West and Palace Attendant of the First Rank, to garrison Liang province.
12
六月，魏開酒禁。
In the sixth month, Northern Wei lifted the ban on wine.
13
壬午，加柳元景南豫州刺史，加顏師伯丹陽尹。
On renwu, Liu Yuanjing was additionally appointed Governor of Southern Yu province, and Yan Shibo was additionally appointed Intendant of Danyang.
14
秋，七月，癸巳，魏以太尉乙渾為丞相，位居諸王上； 事無大小，皆決於渾。
In autumn, the seventh month, on guisi, Northern Wei made Grand Commandant Yi Hun Chancellor, ranking above all the princes; matters great and small were all decided by Hun.
15
廢帝幼而狷暴。 及即位，始猶難太后、大臣及戴法興等，未敢自恣。 太后既殂，帝年漸長，欲有所為，法興輒抑制之，謂帝曰：「官所為如此，欲作營陽邪！」 帝稍不能平。 所幸閹人華願兒，賜與無算，法興常加裁減，願兒恨之。 帝使願兒於外察聽風謠，願兒言於帝曰：「道路皆言『宮中有二天子：法興為真天子，官為贗天子。』 且官居深宮，與人物不接，法興與太宰、顏、柳共為一體，往來門客恆有數百，內外士庶莫不畏服。 法興是孝武左右，久在宮闈； 今與它人作一家，深恐此坐席非復官有。」 帝遂發詔免法興，遣還田裡，仍徙遠郡。 八月，辛酉，賜法興死，解巢尚之舍人。
Emperor Qianfei had been headstrong and violent from childhood. When he first took the throne, he still feared the empress dowager, the great ministers, and Dai Faxing and others, and did not dare indulge himself. After the empress dowager died, the emperor gradually grew older and wished to act as he pleased, but Faxing repeatedly restrained him, saying, "Your Majesty acts thus—do you wish to become another Emperor Yang of Yingyang!" The emperor gradually could not contain his resentment. The eunuch Huayuan'er, whom he favored, received gifts beyond counting, but Faxing often cut them back, and Huayuan'er hated him for it. The emperor sent Huayuan'er abroad to listen to popular rumors. Huayuan'er said to the emperor, "On the roads everyone says, 'In the palace there are two Sons of Heaven: Faxing is the real emperor, and Your Majesty is the fake one. Moreover, Your Majesty dwells deep within the palace and has little contact with others, while Faxing, the Grand Tutor, Yan, and Liu form a single bloc; their visiting clients constantly number in the hundreds, and gentlemen and commoners within and without all fear and submit to them. Faxing was a confidant of Emperor Xiaowu and had long been in the inner palace; now he has joined with others as one household—I deeply fear this throne is no longer yours alone." The emperor thereupon issued an edict dismissing Faxing, sending him back to his home district, and then exiling him to a distant commandery. In the eighth month, on xinyou, the emperor ordered Faxing to take his own life, and Chao Shangzhi was removed as Palace Attendant.
16
員外散騎侍郎東海奚顯度，亦有寵於世祖。 常典作役，課督苛虐，捶撲慘毒，人皆苦之。 帝常戲曰：「顯度為百姓患，比當除之。」 左右因唱諾，即宣旨殺之。
Xi Xiandu of Donghai, Supernumerary Attendant Cavalier Attendant-in-ordinary, had also enjoyed favor under Emperor Xiaowu. He regularly oversaw corvée labor, imposing levies with harsh cruelty and beating people with appalling severity; all suffered under him. The emperor often jested, saying, "Xiandu is a scourge upon the people; before long he should be removed." His attendants thereupon chorused assent and at once proclaimed the imperial will to kill him.
17
尚書右僕射、領衛尉卿、丹陽尹顏師伯居權日久，海內輻湊，驕奢淫恣，為衣冠所疾。 帝欲親朝政，庚午，以師伯為尚書左僕射，解卿、尹，以吏部尚書王彧為右僕射，分其權任。 師伯始懼。
Yan Shibo, Right Vice Director of the Masters of Writing, concurrent Commandant of the Guards, and Intendant of Danyang, had held power for a long time; the realm converged upon him. He was arrogant, extravagant, and dissolute, and the gentry detested him. The emperor wished to take the government into his own hands. On gengwu, he made Shibo Left Vice Director of the Masters of Writing and relieved him of his posts as Commandant and Intendant; he made Wang Yu of the Ministry of Personnel Right Vice Director, dividing Shibo's power and duties. Shibo began to fear for his life.
18
初，世祖多猜忌，王公、大臣，重足屏息，莫敢妄相過從。 世祖殂，太宰義恭等皆相賀曰：「今日始免橫死矣！」 甫過山陵，義恭與柳元景、顏師伯等聲樂酣飲，不捨晝夜； 帝內不能平。 既殺戴法興，諸大臣無不震懾，各不自安； 於是元景、師伯密謀廢帝，立義恭，日夜聚謀，而持疑不能決。 元景以其謀告沈慶之； 慶之與義恭素不厚，又師伯常專斷朝事，不與慶之參懷，謂令史曰：「沈公，爪牙耳，安得預政事！」 慶之恨之，乃發其事。
Earlier, Emperor Xiaowu was greatly suspicious; princes, dukes, and great ministers walked as if on tiptoe and held their breath, not daring to visit one another casually. When Xiaowu died, Grand Tutor Yigong and the others all congratulated one another, saying, "Today we have at last escaped sudden death!" Hardly had the imperial tomb rites passed when Yigong, together with Liu Yuanjing, Yan Shibo, and the rest, feasted on music and wine day and night without cease; inwardly the emperor could not bear it. After Dai Faxing was killed, none of the great ministers failed to be shaken with fear; each felt insecure; thereupon Yuanjing and Shibo secretly plotted to depose the emperor and set up Yigong. Night and day they gathered to scheme, yet hesitated and could not decide. Yuanjing disclosed their plot to Shen Qingzhi; Qingzhi had never been close to Yigong, and moreover Shibo often monopolized court affairs and did not consult Qingzhi, saying to a clerk, "Master Shen is merely a fang and claw—how may he take part in government!" Qingzhi hated him for this and thereupon exposed the affair.
19
癸酉，帝自帥羽林兵討義恭，殺之，並其四子。 斷絕義恭支體，分裂腸胃，挑取眼睛，以蜜漬之，謂之「鬼目粽」。 別遣使者稱詔召柳元景，以兵隨之。 左右奔告「兵刃非常」。 元景知禍至，入辭其母，整朝服乘車應召。 弟車騎司馬叔仁戎服，帥左右壯士欲拒命，元景苦禁之。 既出巷，軍士大至。 元景下車受戮，容色恬然； 並其八子、六弟及諸侄。 獲顏帥伯於道，殺之，並其六子。 又殺廷尉劉德願。 改元景和，文武進位二等。 遣使誅湘州刺史江夏世子伯禽。 自是公卿以下，皆被捶曳如奴隸矣。
On guiyou, the emperor himself led the Palace Guard to attack Yigong, killed him, and killed his four sons as well. He severed Yigong's limbs, split open his belly, scooped out his eyes, and pickled them in honey, calling the result "Ghost-Eye Zongzi." He separately sent an envoy bearing a forged edict to summon Liu Yuanjing, with troops following behind. His attendants ran to tell him that "the weapons were extraordinary." Yuanjing knew disaster had come. He went in to bid farewell to his mother, straightened his court robes, mounted his carriage, and answered the summons. His younger brother, Cavalry Commandant Shuren, donned armor and wished to lead stalwart followers to resist the order, but Yuanjing sternly forbade him. Once he had left the lane, soldiers arrived in force. Yuanjing descended from his carriage to receive execution, his bearing serene; he was killed together with his eight sons, six younger brothers, and all his nephews. Yan Shibo was seized on the road and killed, together with his six sons. Minister of Justice Liu Deyuan was also killed. The era name was changed to Jinghe, and civil and military officials were advanced two ranks. An envoy was sent to execute Boqin, heir of Jiangxia and Governor of Xiang province. From this time forth, everyone from the highest ministers down was beaten and dragged about like slaves.
20
初，帝在東宮，多過失，世祖欲廢之而立新安王子鸞，侍中袁覬盛稱「太子好學，有日新之美」，世祖乃止； 帝由是德之。 既誅群公，欲引進覬，任以朝政，遷為吏部尚書，與尚書左丞徐爰皆以誅義恭等功，賜爵縣子。
Earlier, while the emperor was crown prince, he had many faults. Emperor Xiaowu wished to depose him and set up Prince of Xin'an Ziluan. Attendant-in-ordinary Yuan Kan greatly praised him, saying "The crown prince loves learning and has the beauty of daily renewal," and Xiaowu thereupon desisted; the emperor therefore felt gratitude toward him. After the great lords were executed, he wished to advance Kan and entrust him with court government, promoting him to Minister of Personnel. Both Kan and Left Assistant Director of the Masters of Writing Xu Ai were ennobled as Viscount of a county for their merit in executing Yigong and the others.
21
徐爰便僻善事人，頗涉書傳，自元嘉初，入侍左右，豫參顧問； 既長於附會，又飾以典文，故為太祖所任遇。 大明之世，委寄尤重。 時殿省舊人多見誅逐，唯爰巧於將迎，始終無迕； 廢帝待之益厚，群臣莫及。 帝每出，常與沈慶之及山陰公主同輦，爰亦預焉。
Xu Ai was facile and obsequious, skilled at pleasing others, and had some acquaintance with books and records. From the beginning of the Yuanjia era he entered service at the ruler's side and took part in counsel; being adept at ingratiation and adorning himself with classical texts, he was therefore entrusted and favored by Emperor Wen. In the Daming era his commission was especially weighty. At that time many old hands of the palace offices were executed or driven out, but Ai alone was skilled at courting favor and from first to last met with no offense; Emperor Qianfei treated him all the more generously, and no minister could compare. Whenever the emperor went out, he commonly shared a carriage with Shen Qingzhi and the Princess of Shanyin, and Ai also took part.
22
山陰公主，帝姊也，適駙馬都尉何戢。 戢，偃之子也。 公主尤淫恣，嘗謂帝曰：「妾與陛下，男女雖殊，俱托體先帝。 陛下六宮萬數，而妾唯駙馬一人，事太不均。」 帝乃為公主置面首左右三十人，進爵會稽郡長公主，秩同郡王。 吏部郎褚淵貌美，公主就帝請以自侍，帝許之。 淵侍公主十日，備見逼迫，以死自誓，乃得免。 淵，湛之之子也。
The Princess of Shanyin was the emperor's elder sister and was married to Commandant of Cavalry He Zhan. Zhan was the son of He Yan. The princess was especially licentious and willful. She once said to the emperor, "Your servant and Your Majesty, though man and woman differ, both owe our bodies to the late emperor. Your Majesty's six palaces number in the tens of thousands, yet your servant has only one commandant of cavalry—this is far too unequal." The emperor thereupon set up thirty male favorites at the princess's left and right, advanced her to Princess of Kuaiji commandery with the rank of a commandery prince. Chu Yuan of the Ministry of Personnel was handsome in appearance; the princess approached the emperor and asked that he serve her personally, and the emperor consented. Yuan attended the princess for ten days, was subjected to every pressure, and swore he would die rather than submit—only then was he released. Yuan was the son of Chu Zhanzhi.
23
帝令太廟別畫祖考之像，帝入廟，指高祖像曰：「渠大英雄，生擒數天子。」 指太祖像曰：「渠亦不惡，但末年不免兒斫去頭。」 指世祖像曰：「渠大齇鼻。 如何不齇？」 立召畫工令齇之。
The emperor ordered separate portraits of the ancestral emperors painted in the Imperial Ancestral Temple. Entering the temple, he pointed at the portrait of the Founder and said, "That fellow was a great hero—he captured several emperors alive." He pointed at the portrait of Emperor Wen and said, "That fellow was not bad either, but in his last years he could not escape having his head chopped off by his son." He pointed at the portrait of Emperor Xiaowu and said, "That fellow has a great pug nose. Why is it not pug?" He at once summoned the painter and ordered him to paint a pug nose.
24
以建安王休仁為雍州刺史，湘東王彧為南豫州刺史，皆留不遣。
Prince of Jian'an Xiuren was made Governor of Yong province, and Prince of Xiangdong Yu was made Governor of Southern Yu province; both were kept at court and not sent out.
25
甲戌，以司徒、揚州刺史、豫章王子尚領尚書令。 乙亥，以始興公沈慶之為侍中、太尉； 慶之固辭。 征青、冀二州刺史王玄謨為領軍將軍。
On jiaxu, Minister over the Masses, Governor of Yang province, and Prince of Yuzhang Zishang was made concurrent Director of the Masters of Writing. On yihai, Duke of Shixing Shen Qingzhi was made attendant-in-ordinary and Grand Commandant; Qingzhi firmly declined. Wang Xuamo, Governor of Qing and Ji provinces, was summoned to serve as General of the Palace Guard.
26
魏葬文成皇帝於金陵，廟號高宗。
Northern Wei buried Emperor Wencheng at Jinling; his temple name was Gaozong.
27
九月，癸巳，帝如湖熟，戊戌，還建康。
In the ninth month, on guisi, the emperor went to Hushu; on wuxu he returned to Jiankang.
28
新安王子鸞有寵於世祖，帝疾之。 辛丑，遣使賜子鸞死，又殺其母弟南海王子師及其母妹，發殷貴妃墓； 又欲掘景寧陵，太史以為不利於帝，乃止。
Prince of Xin'an Ziluan had enjoyed favor under Emperor Xiaowu, and the emperor resented him. On xinchou, an envoy was sent to order Ziluan to take his own life. The emperor also killed his younger brother by the same mother, Prince of Nanhai Zishi, and his mother's younger sister, and opened the tomb of Honored Consort Yin; he also wished to excavate the Jingning Mausoleum, but the court astronomers said it would be inauspicious for the emperor, and he desisted.
29
初，金紫光祿大夫謝莊為殷貴妃《誄》曰：「贊軌堯門。」 帝以莊比貴妃於鉤弋夫人，欲殺之。 或說帝曰：「死者人之所同，一往之苦，不足為困。 莊生長富貴，今系之尚方，使知天下苦劇，然後殺之，未晚也。」 帝從之。
Earlier, Household Counsellor with Golden Seal and Purple Ribbon Xie Zhuang had written a dirge for Honored Consort Yin, saying, "Praising the tracks at the Gate of Yao." The emperor, taking Zhuang's comparison of the consort to Lady Gouyi, wished to kill him. Someone advised the emperor, "Death is what all men share alike; the suffering of a single passage is not enough to be called hardship. Zhuang was born and raised in wealth and honor. Now bind him in the Imperial Workshop and let him know the world's bitter trials—then kill him; it will not be too late." The emperor followed this advice.
30
徐州刺史義陽王昶，素為世祖所惡，民間每訛言昶當反； 是歲，訛言尤甚。 廢帝常謂左右曰：「我即大位以來，遂未嘗戒嚴，使人邑邑！」 昶使典簽蘧法生奉表詣建康，求入朝，帝謂法生曰：「義陽與太宰謀反，我正欲討之。 今知求還，甚善！」 又屢詰問法生：「義陽謀反，何故不啟？」 法生懼，逃還彭城； 帝因此用兵。 己酉，下詔討昶，內外戒嚴。 帝自將兵渡江，命沈慶之統諸軍前驅。
Prince of Yiyang Liu Chang, Governor of Xu province, had long been detested by Emperor Xiaowu, and among the people rumors constantly said Chang would rebel; that year the rumors were especially severe. Emperor Qianfei often said to his attendants, "Since I took the throne, I have never once proclaimed martial law—how it makes one restless!" Chang sent his registrar Qu Fasheng to present a memorial at Jiankang requesting an audience. The emperor said to Fasheng, "Yiyang is plotting rebellion with the Grand Tutor—I was just about to attack him. Now that I know he wishes to return, that is excellent!" He repeatedly pressed Fasheng with questions, "Yiyang is plotting rebellion—why did you not report it?" Fasheng was afraid and fled back to Pengcheng; the emperor thereupon mobilized troops. On jiyou, an edict was issued to attack Chang, and martial law was proclaimed within and without. The emperor himself led troops across the river and ordered Shen Qingzhi to command all armies as vanguard.
31
法生至彭城，昶即聚兵反； 移檄統內諸郡，皆不受命，斬昶使，將佐文武悉懷異心。 昶知事不成，棄母、妻，攜愛妾，夜與數十騎開北門奔魏。 昶頗涉學，能屬文。 魏人重之，使尚公主，拜侍中、征南將軍、駙馬都尉，賜爵丹陽王。
When Fasheng reached Pengcheng, Chang at once gathered troops and rebelled; he issued a proclamation to all commanderies under his jurisdiction, but none accepted his orders. Chang's envoys were beheaded, and all his civil and military officers harbored divided loyalties. Chang knew the affair could not succeed. He abandoned his mother and wife, took his favorite concubine, and in the night, with several dozen horsemen, opened the north gate and fled to Northern Wei. Chang had considerable learning and could compose literary pieces. Northern Wei valued him, had him marry an imperial princess, and appointed him attendant-in-ordinary, General Who Conquers the South, and Commandant of Cavalry, ennobling him as Prince of Danyang.
32
吏部尚書袁覬，始為帝所寵任，俄而失指，待遇頓衰，使有司糾奏其罪，白衣領職。 覬懼，詭辭求出。 甲寅，以覬為督雍、梁等四州諸軍事、雍州刺史。 覬舅蔡興宗謂之曰：「襄陽星惡，何可往？」 覬曰：「『白刃交前，不救流矢。』 今者之行，唯願生出虎口耳。 且天道遼遠，何必皆驗！」
Yuan Kan, Minister of Personnel, had at first been favored and entrusted by the emperor, but soon lost his footing; his treatment abruptly declined, and he was made to hold office in plain dress while the authorities investigated and impeached him. Kan was afraid and, with specious words, sought a post outside the capital. On jiayin, Kan was made Commander-in-chief of all military affairs in Yong, Liang, and four other provinces, and Governor of Yong province. Kan's maternal uncle Cai Xingzong said to him, "The star of Xiangyang is ill-omened—how can you go there?" Kan said, "'When naked blades cross before you, one does not ward off stray arrows. On this journey I only wish to escape the tiger's jaws alive. Moreover, the Way of Heaven is remote—why must every omen be fulfilled!"
33
是時，臨海王子頊為都督荊、湘等八州諸軍事、荊州剌史，朝廷以興宗為子頊長史、南郡太守，行府、州事，興宗辭不行。 覬說興宗曰：「朝廷形勢，人所共見。 在內大臣，朝不保夕，舅今出居陝西，為八州行事，覬在襄、沔，地勝兵強，去江陵咫尺，水陸流通。 若朝廷有事，可以共立桓、文之功，豈比受制凶狂、臨不測之禍乎？ 今得間不去，後復求出，豈可得邪！」 興宗曰：「吾素門平進，與主上甚疏，未容有患。 宮省內外，人不自保，會應有變。 若內難得弭，外釁未必可量。 汝欲在外求全，我欲居中免禍，各行其志，不亦善乎！」
At this time Prince of Linhai Zixu was Commander-in-chief of all military affairs in Jing, Xiang, and eight other provinces and Governor of Jing province. The court wished to make Xingzong his chief administrator, Administrator of Nan commandery, and acting director of the princely establishment and provincial affairs, but Xingzong declined and would not go. Kan urged Xingzong, saying, "The court's situation is plain to all. The great ministers within the capital cannot be sure of living from morning to night. Uncle, you are now going out to dwell in the west of Shanxi as director of eight provinces' affairs, while I am at Xiang and Mian—superior terrain and strong troops, only a hand's breadth from Jiangling, with water and land routes in communication. If the court has trouble, we can together establish achievements like those of Duke Huan and Duke Wen—how is that compared with being controlled by a vicious madman and facing unforeseen disaster? If you do not go now when you have the chance, and later seek a post outside again, how could you obtain it!" Xingzong said, "I am of a plain household that rose by regular promotion and am very distant from the ruler—I am not likely to incur trouble. Within and without the palace offices, no one can protect himself—there will surely be upheaval. If internal troubles can be quelled, external disturbances may still be beyond reckoning. You wish to preserve yourself outside; I wish to avoid disaster at the center—each following his own intent—is that not also good!"
34
覬於是狼狽上路，猶慮見追，行至尋陽，喜曰：「今始免矣。」 鄧琬為晉安王子勳鎮軍長史、尋陽內史，行江州事。 覬與之款狎過常，每清閒，必盡日窮夜。 覬與琬人地本殊，見者知其有異志矣。 尋復以興宗為吏部尚書。
Kan thereupon set out on the road in disarray, still fearing pursuit. When he reached Xunyang he rejoiced, saying, "Now at last I am safe." Deng Wan was chief administrator to Prince of Jin'an Zixun, Military Governor, and Administrator of Xunyang, acting director of Jiang province affairs. Kan was intimate with him beyond the usual degree; whenever they had leisure they would pass whole days and entire nights together. Kan and Wan were utterly unlike in birth and station; those who saw them knew they harbored a separate design. Soon afterward Xingzong was again made Minister of Personnel.
35
戊午，解嚴。 帝因自白下濟江至瓜步。
On wuwu, martial law was lifted. The emperor thereupon crossed the river from Baixia to Guabu.
36
沈慶之復啟聽民私鑄錢，由是錢貨亂敗。 千錢長不盈三寸，大小稱此，謂之「鵝眼錢」； 劣於此者，謂之「綖環錢」； 貫之以縷，入水不沉，隨手破碎。 市井不復料數，十萬錢不盈一掬，斗米一萬，商貨不行。
Shen Qingzhi again memorialized to permit the people to cast coin privately, and thereby currency fell into chaos and ruin. A thousand coins strung together did not fill three inches in length; pieces of this size were called "goose-eye coin"; those inferior to these were called "thread-ring coin"; strung on thread, they would not sink in water and broke apart at a touch. In the markets people no longer counted by measure; a hundred thousand coins did not fill one handful; a dou of rice cost ten thousand, and trade in goods ceased.
37
冬，十月，丙寅，帝還建康。
In winter, the tenth month, on bingyin, the emperor returned to Jiankang.
38
帝舅東陽太守王藻尚世祖女臨川長公主。 公主妒，譖藻於帝。 己卯，藻下獄死。
The emperor's maternal uncle Wang Zao, Administrator of Dongyang, had married the daughter of Emperor Xiaowu, the Princess of Linchuan. The princess was jealous and slandered Zao to the emperor. On jimao, Zao was imprisoned and died.
39
會稽太守孔靈符，所至有政績； 以忤犯近臣，近臣譖之，帝遣使鞭殺靈符，並誅其二子。
Kong Lingfu, Administrator of Kuaiji, wherever he served had administrative achievements; because he offended a favorite minister, the favorite slandered him, and the emperor sent an envoy to whip him to death and also executed his two sons.
40
寧朔將軍何邁，瑀之子也，尚帝姑新蔡長公主。 帝納公主於後宮，謂之謝貴嬪； 詐言公主薨，殺宮婢，送邁等殯葬，行喪禮。 庚辰，拜貴嬪為夫人。 加鸞輅龍旂，出警入蹕。 邁素豪俠，多養死士。 謀因帝出遊，廢之，立晉安王子勳。 事洩，十一月，壬辰，帝自將兵誅邁。
He Mai, General Who Pacifies the North, was the son of He Yu and had married the emperor's paternal aunt, the Princess of Xincai. The emperor took the princess into the rear palace and called her Honored Consort Xie; he falsely announced that the princess had died, killed a palace maid, and sent Mai and others to conduct the funeral and perform mourning rites. On gengchen, the Honored Consort was invested as Lady. She was given the imperial carriage with dragon banners and escorts clearing the road on her exits and entries. Mai had always been bold and chivalrous and kept many men willing to die for him. He plotted that when the emperor went out on excursion, they would depose him and set up Prince of Jin'an Zixun. The affair leaked out. In the eleventh month, on renchen, the emperor himself led troops to execute Mai.
41
初，沈慶之既發顏、柳之謀，遂自暱於帝，數盡言規諫，帝浸不悅。 慶之懼禍，杜門不接賓客。 嘗遣左右范羨至吏部尚書蔡興宗所，興宗使羨謂慶之曰：「公閉門絕客，以避悠悠請托者耳。 如興宗，非有求於公者也，何為見拒！」 慶之使羨邀興宗。
Earlier, after Shen Qingzhi had exposed the plot of Yan and Liu, he drew close to the emperor himself and repeatedly spoke out in full counsel and remonstrance, and the emperor gradually grew displeased. Qingzhi feared disaster and shut his gates, refusing to receive guests. He once sent his attendant Fan Xian to the residence of Cai Xingzong, Minister of Personnel. Xingzong had Xian tell Qingzhi, "Your Lordship shuts your gates and cuts off guests only to avoid the endless stream of petitioners. As for Xingzong, I have no request to make of Your Lordship—why am I refused!" Qingzhi had Xian invite Xingzong.
42
興宗往見慶之，因說之曰：「主上比者所行，人倫道盡； 率德改行，無可復望。 今所忌憚，唯在於公； 百姓喁喁，所瞻賴者，亦在公一人而已。 公威名素著，天下所服。 今舉朝遑遑，人懷危怖。 指麾之日，誰不響應！ 如猶豫不斷，欲坐觀成敗，豈推旦暮及禍，四海重責將有所歸！ 僕蒙眷異常，故敢盡言，願公詳思其計。」 慶之曰：「僕誠知今日憂危，不復自保，但盡忠奉國，始終以之，當委任天命耳。 加老退私門，兵力頓闕，雖欲為之，事亦無成。」 興宗曰：「當今懷謀思奮者，非欲邀功賞富貴，正求脫朝夕之死耳！ 殿中將帥，唯聽外間消息，若一人唱首，則俯仰可定。 況公統戎累朝，舊日部曲，布在宮省，受恩者多，沈修之輩皆公家子弟耳，何患不從！ 且公門徒、義附，並三吳勇士。 殿中將軍陸攸之，公之鄉人，今入東討賊，大有鎧仗，在青溪未發。 公取其器仗以配衣麾下，使陸攸之帥以前驅，僕在尚書中，自當帥百僚按前代故事，更簡賢明以奉社稷，天下之事立定矣。 又，朝廷諸所施為，民間傳言公悉豫之。 公今不決，當有先公起事者，公亦不免附從之禍。 聞車駕屢幸貴第，酣醉淹留； 又聞屏左右，獨入閣內； 此萬世一時，不可失也！」 慶之曰：「感君至言。 然此大事，非僕所能行； 事至，固當抱忠以沒耳。」
Xingzong went to see Qingzhi and thereupon urged him, saying, "The ruler's recent conduct has exhausted the way of human relations; to lead him back to virtue and change his ways—there is nothing more to hope for. What he now fears and dreads is only Your Lordship; the people murmur, and the one they look to and rely upon is also Your Lordship alone. Your Lordship's martial renown has long been established, and all under Heaven submit to it. Now the whole court is in alarm; every man harbors dread and fear. On the day you give the command, who would not answer! If you hesitate and cannot decide, wishing to sit and watch how success or failure unfold, can you put off disaster for even a morning or evening? The heavy responsibility of the four seas will fall upon someone! Your servant has received extraordinary favor and therefore dares speak fully—I beg Your Lordship to consider this plan carefully." Qingzhi said, "Your servant truly knows that today brings worry and peril and that I can no longer protect myself, but to devote loyalty to the state from first to last—that I shall do, and leave the rest to fate. Moreover, I am old and have retired to my private gate; my military strength is suddenly depleted. Even if I wished to act, the affair could not succeed." Xingzong said, "Those who now harbor designs and think of rising up do not seek merit, reward, wealth, or honor—they only seek to escape death from morning to evening! The generals and commanders in the palace halls only await news from outside; if one man takes the lead, the realm can be settled in an instant. Moreover, Your Lordship has commanded armies for many reigns; your old retainers are posted throughout the palace offices, and many have received your grace. Men like Shen Xiuzhi are all your household's younger kinsmen—why fear they would not follow! Moreover, your disciples and sworn followers are all warriors of the Three Wu regions. Palace General Lu Youzhi is a fellow townsman of Your Lordship. He is now entering the east to attack rebels and has a great store of armor and weapons at Qingxi, not yet departed. Take his weapons and armor to equip the troops under your command, have Lu Youzhi lead them as vanguard, and your servant, within the Masters of Writing, will himself lead the hundred officials according to the precedents of former ages, select the worthy and enlightened to serve the altars of soil and grain, and the affairs of the realm will be settled at once. Moreover, among all the court's actions, popular rumor says Your Lordship had a hand in them all. If Your Lordship does not decide now, someone will rise up before you—and you too will not escape the disaster of being dragged along in compliance. I hear the imperial carriage repeatedly visits your noble residence and stays long in drunken revelry; I also hear he dismisses his attendants and enters the pavilion alone— this is the chance of ten thousand generations—it must not be lost!" Qingzhi said, "I am moved by your utmost words. Yet this great affair is not something your servant can undertake; when the moment comes, I shall surely embrace loyalty and perish with it."
43
青州刺史沈文秀，慶之弟子也，將之鎮，帥部曲出屯白下，亦說慶之曰：「主上狂暴如此，禍亂不久，而一門受其寵任，萬物皆謂與之同心。 且若人愛憎無常，猜忍特甚，不測之禍，進退難免。 今因此眾力，圖之易於反掌。 機會難值，不可失也。」 再三言之，至於流涕，慶之終不從。 文秀遂行。
Governor of Qing province Shen Wenxiu, a nephew-disciple of Qingzhi, was about to take up his post; leading his personal troops he encamped at Baixia, and also urged Qingzhi, saying, "The emperor is so violent and ruthless; calamity and disorder will come before long. Yet our entire clan enjoys his favor and trust, and everyone believes we are of one mind with him. Moreover, his likes and hates are inconstant, and he is extraordinarily suspicious and cruel. Unforeseen disaster awaits; whether one advances or retreats, there is no escape. With this force at hand, removing him would be as easy as turning one's hand. Such a chance comes rarely and must not be missed." He repeated this again and again, even to the point of tears; Qingzhi still refused. Wenxiu then set out on his journey.
44
及帝誅何邁，量慶之必當入諫，先閉青溪諸橋以絕之。 慶之聞之，果往，不得進而還。 帝乃使慶之從父兄子直閣將軍攸之賜慶之藥。 慶之不肯飲，攸之以被掩殺之，時年八十。 慶之子侍中文叔欲亡。 恐如太宰義恭被支解，謂其弟中書郎文季曰：「我能死，爾能報。」 遂飲慶之之藥而死。 弟秘書郎昭明亦自經死。 文季揮刀馳馬而去。 追者不敢逼，遂得免。 帝詐言慶之病薨，贈侍中、太尉，謚曰忠武公，葬禮甚厚。
When Emperor Qianfei executed He Mai, he calculated that Qingzhi would surely come to remonstrate, and beforehand closed all the bridges over the Qing Stream to block him. Qingzhi heard of this, went as expected, could not get through, and turned back. The emperor then had Qingzhi's first cousin, Direct-Palace General Youzhi, send poison to Qingzhi. Qingzhi refused to drink; Youzhi smothered him with a quilt and killed him. He was eighty years old at the time. Qingzhi's son, Attendant-in-ordinary Wenshu, wished to flee. Fearing he would be dismembered like Grand Tutor Yigong, he said to his younger brother, Secretariat Gentleman Wenji, "I can die; you can avenge us." He then drank the poison sent for Qingzhi and died. His younger brother, Secretariat Secretary Zhaoming, also hanged himself. Wenji drew a blade, mounted a horse, and galloped away. His pursuers did not dare close in, and he escaped. The emperor falsely announced that Qingzhi had died of illness; he was posthumously made attendant-in-ordinary and Grand Commandant, given the posthumous title Duke Loyal and Martial, and buried with great ceremony.
45
領軍將軍王玄謨數流涕諫帝以刑殺過差，帝大怒。 玄謨宿將，有威名，道路訛言玄謨已見誅。 蔡興宗嘗為東陽太守，玄謨典簽包法榮家在東陽，玄謨使法榮至興宗所。 興宗謂法榮曰：「領軍殊當憂懼。」 法榮曰：「領軍比日殆不復食，夜亦不眠，恆言收己在門，不保俄頃。」 興宗曰：「領軍憂懼，當為方略，那得坐待禍至！」 因使法榮勸玄謨舉事。 玄謨使法榮謝曰：「此亦未易可行，期當不洩君言。」
Army Inspector General Wang Xuanmo repeatedly remonstrated in tears that the emperor's executions were excessive; the emperor flew into a rage. Xuanmo was a veteran commander of established reputation, and false rumors spread along the roads that he had already been executed. Cai Xingzong had once been Administrator of Dongyang; Xuanmo's chief clerk Bao Farong was from Dongyang, and Xuanmo sent Farong to see Xingzong. Xingzong said to Farong, "The Army Inspector must be deeply worried and afraid." Farong said, "The Army Inspector these past days has barely eaten; he does not sleep at night and keeps saying that arrest is at the door and that he cannot count on surviving another moment." Xingzong said, "If the Army Inspector is afraid, he ought to devise a plan—how can he sit and wait for disaster!" He then had Farong urge Xuanmo to rise up. Xuanmo had Farong decline, saying, "That too is not easily done; I promise not to reveal what you said."
46
右衛將軍劉道隆，為帝所寵任，專典禁兵。 興宗嘗與之俱從帝夜出，道隆過興宗車後，興宗曰：「劉君！ 比日思一閒寫。」 道隆解其意，掐興宗手曰：「蔡公勿多言！」
Right Guard General Liu Daolong was favored and trusted by the emperor and held sole charge of the palace guard. Xingzong once went out at night with the emperor in Daolong's company; as Daolong passed behind Xingzong's carriage, Xingzong said, "Master Liu! These days I've been wanting a quiet talk." Daolong understood his meaning, squeezed Xingzong's hand, and said, "Master Cai, say no more!"
47
壬寅，立皇后路氏，太皇太后弟道慶之女也。
On renyin, Lady Lu was installed as empress; she was the daughter of Daqing, younger brother of the Grand Empress Dowager.
48
帝畏忌諸父，恐其在外為患，皆聚之建康，拘於殿內，毆捶陵曳，無復人理。 湘東王彧、建安王休仁、山陽王休祐，皆肥壯，帝為竹籠，盛而稱之，以彧尤肥，謂之「豬王」，謂休仁為「殺王」，休祐為「賊王」。 以三王年長，尤惡之，常錄以自隨，不離左右。 東海王禕性凡劣，謂之「驢王」； 桂陽王休范、巴陵王休若年尚少，故並得從容。 嘗以木槽盛飯，並雜食攪之，掘地為坑，實以泥水，裸彧內坑中，使以口就槽食之，用為歡笑。 前後欲殺三王以十數； 休仁多智數，每以談笑佞諛說之，故得推遷。
The emperor feared his uncles and worried they would cause trouble if left outside the capital; he gathered them all at Jiankang, confined them inside the palace halls, and beat, flogged, and humiliated them with no regard for human decency. Prince of Xiangdong Yu, Prince of Jian'an Xiuren, and Prince of Shanyang Xiuyou were all stout and robust; the emperor made bamboo cages, placed them inside, and weighed them. Because Yu was especially fat, he called him "Pig King"; Xiuren he called "Slaughter King," and Xiuyou "Bandit King." Because the three princes were older, he especially hated them and kept them constantly at his side, never letting them leave. Prince of Donghai Yi was dull and coarse in character; the emperor called him "Donkey King"; Prince of Guiyang Xiufan and Prince of Baling Xiuruo were still young, and so both were left relatively unmolested. He once filled a wooden trough with food mixed with refuse, dug a pit filled with mud and water, stripped Yu naked and placed him in it, and made him eat from the trough with his mouth—all for amusement. On more than ten occasions he tried to have the three princes killed; Xiuren was clever and resourceful; each time he used jest and flattery to talk him out of it, and so execution was repeatedly postponed.
49
少府劉曚妾孕臨月，帝迎入後宮，俟其生男，欲立為太子。 彧嘗忤旨，帝裸之，縛其手足，貫之以杖，使人提付太官，曰：「今日屠豬！」 休仁笑曰：「豬未應死。」 帝問其故，休仁曰：「待皇太子生，殺豬取其肝肺。」 帝怒乃解，曰：「且付廷尉。」 一宿，釋之。 丁未，曚妾生子，名曰皇子，為之大赦，賜為父後者爵一級。
Steward Liu Meng's concubine was pregnant and near full term; the emperor brought her into the inner palace, planning to install her son as crown prince if she bore a boy. Yu once offended the emperor; he stripped him naked, bound his hands and feet, ran a pole through them, had men carry him to the Imperial Kitchen, and said, "Today we slaughter the pig!" Xiuren smiled and said, "The pig shouldn't die yet." When the emperor asked why, Xiuren said, "Wait until the crown prince is born, then slaughter the pig for his liver and lungs." The emperor's anger cooled and he relented, saying, "For now, hand him over to the Minister of Justice." After one night, he set him free. On dingwei, Meng's concubine bore a son, named Imperial Son; the emperor proclaimed a general amnesty and granted one rank of nobility to those who became heirs to their fathers.
50
帝又以太祖、世祖在兄弟數皆第三，江州刺史晉安王子勳亦第三，故惡之，因何邁之謀，使左右朱景雲送藥賜子勳死。 景雲至湓口，停不進。 子勳典簽謝道邁、主帥潘欣之、侍書褚靈嗣聞之，馳以告長史鄧琬，泣涕請計。 琬曰：「身南土寒士，蒙先帝殊恩，以愛子見托，豈得惜門戶百口，期當以死報效。 幼主昏暴，社稷危殆，雖曰天子，事猶獨夫。 今便指帥文武，直造京邑，與群公卿士，廢昏立明耳。」 戊申，琬稱子勳教，令所部戒嚴。 子勳戎服出聽事，集僚佐，使潘欣之口宣旨諭之。 四座未對，錄事參軍陶亮首請效死前驅，眾皆奉旨。 乃以亮為咨議參軍，領中兵，總統軍事； 功曹張沈為咨議參軍，統作舟艦； 南陽太守沈懷寶、岷山太守薛常寶、彭澤令陳紹宗等並為將帥。 初，帝使荊州錄送前軍長史、荊州行事張悅至湓口，琬稱子勳命，釋其桎梏，迎以所乘車，以為司馬。 悅，暢之弟也。 琬、悅二人共掌內外眾事，遣將軍俞伯奇帥五百人斷大雷，禁絕商旅及公私使命。 遣使上諸郡民丁，收斂器械； 旬日之內，得甲士五千人，出頓大雷，於兩岸築壘。 又以巴東、建平二郡太守孫沖之為咨議參軍，領中兵，與陶亮並統前軍，移檄遠近。
The emperor also noted that Emperor Wen and Emperor Xiaowu had both been third among their brothers, and that Zixun, Prince of Jin'an and Governor of Jiang province, was also third—so he hated him. Following He Mai's scheme, he sent his attendant Zhu Jingyun with poison to command Zixun's death. Jingyun reached Penkou and stopped, refusing to go farther. Zixun's chief clerk Xie Daomai, chief commander Pan Xinzhi, and attendant scribe Chu Lingsi heard of it; they galloped to tell Chief Administrator Deng Wan, weeping and begging for a plan. Wan said, "I am a humble scholar from the south who received the late emperor's extraordinary grace when he entrusted his beloved son to me—how could I spare the lives of my entire clan? I mean to repay that trust with my death. The young emperor is benighted and brutal; the realm is in peril. Though he is called Son of Heaven, in truth he is nothing but a tyrant. Let us now lead our civil and military officials straight to the capital and, together with the lords and ministers, depose the benighted ruler and install a wise one—that is all there is to it." On wushen, Wan issued orders in Zixun's name commanding his forces to mobilize. Zixun appeared at court in armor, assembled his staff, and had Pan Xinzhi proclaim the edict to them. Before anyone else could speak, Recording General Tao Liang was the first to offer to die in the vanguard; all accepted the command. Tao Liang was made Advisory General, placed in command of the central troops, and given overall military authority; Clerk Zhang Shen was made Advisory General and put in charge of building warships; Administrator of Nanyang Shen Huaibao, Administrator of Minshan Xue Changbao, Magistrate of Pengze Chen Shaozong, and others were all appointed as commanders. Earlier, the emperor had had Jing province escort under guard Forward Army Chief Administrator and acting Jing provincial director Zhang Yue to Penkou. Wan, invoking Zixun's authority, freed him from his shackles, welcomed him in his own carriage, and made him Chief Administrator. Yue was Changzhi's younger brother. Wan and Yue together managed all internal and external affairs; they sent General Yu Boqi with five hundred men to block Dalei, cutting off merchants, travelers, and all public and private envoys. They sent envoys to the commanderies to call up civilian levies and gather weapons; Within ten days they mustered five thousand armored soldiers, encamped at Dalei, and built fortifications on both banks of the river. Sun Chongzhi, Administrator of Badong and Jianping commanderies, was made Advisory General and placed in command of the central troops; he and Tao Liang jointly led the vanguard, and proclamations were sent far and wide.
51
戊午，帝召諸妃、主列於前，強左右使辱之。 南平王鑠妃江氏不從； 帝怒，殺妃三子南平王敬猷、廬陵王敬先、安南侯敬淵，鞭江妃一百。
On wuwu, the emperor summoned the imperial consorts and princesses and lined them up before him, forcing his attendants to humiliate them. Lady Jiang, consort of Prince of Nanping Shuo, refused; The emperor was enraged; he killed her three sons—Prince of Nanping Jingyou, Prince of Luling Jingxian, and Marquis of Annan Jingyuan—and flogged Lady Jiang one hundred strokes.
52
先是民間訛言湘中出天子，帝將南巡荊、湘二州以厭之。 明旦，欲先誅湘東王彧，然後發。
Earlier, rumor spread that a Son of Heaven would arise in the Xiang region; the emperor planned a southern tour of Jing and Xiang provinces to dispel the omen. The next morning he planned first to execute Prince of Xiangdong Yu, then set out on his tour.
53
初，帝既殺諸公，恐群下謀己，以直閣將軍宗越、譚金、童太一、沈攸之等有勇力，引為爪牙，賞賜美人、金帛，充牣其家。 趙等久在殿省，眾所畏服，皆為帝盡力； 帝恃之，益無所顧憚，恣為不道，中外騷然。 左右宿衛之士皆有異志，而畏越等，不敢發。 時三王久幽，不知所為，湘東王彧主衣會稽阮佃夫、內監吳興王道隆、學官令臨淮李道兒與直閣將軍柳光世，及帝左右琅邪淳於文祖等陰謀弒帝。 帝以立後故，假諸王閹人。 彧左右錢藍生亦在中，彧密使候帝動止。
After the emperor had killed the princes, he feared his subordinates would plot against him; because Direct-Palace Generals Zong Yue, Tan Jin, Tong Taiyi, and Shen Youzhi were men of courage and strength, he enlisted them as his enforcers, lavishing them with beauties, gold, and silk until their homes overflowed. Yue and the others had long served in the palace; everyone feared them, and they all served the emperor zealously; Relying on them, the emperor grew ever bolder, behaving with lawless abandon; the court and countryside were in uproar. The palace guards all harbored rebellious thoughts, but feared Yue and the others and dared not move. At this time the three princes had long been imprisoned and knew not what to do. Prince of Xiangdong Yu's Master of Robes Ruan Tianfu, Inner Supervisor Wang Daolong, Director of Studies Li Dao'er, Direct-Palace General Liu Guangshi, and the emperor's attendant Chunyu Wenzu of Langya secretly plotted to assassinate the emperor. Because the empress had just been installed, the emperor temporarily assigned eunuchs to the various princes. Yu's attendant Qian Lansheng was among them, and Yu secretly had him watch the emperor's movements.
54
先是，帝游華林園竹林堂，使宮人裸相逐，一人不從命，斬之。 夜，夢在竹林堂，有女子罵曰：「帝悖虐不道，明年不及熟矣！」 帝於宮中求得一人似所夢者斬之。 又夢所殺者罵曰：「我已訴上帝矣！」 於是巫覡言竹林堂有鬼。 是日晡時，帝出華林園。 建安王休仁、山陽王休祐、會稽公主並從，湘東王彧獨在秘書省，不被召，益憂懼。
Earlier, while touring the Bamboo Grove Hall in Hualin Park, the emperor made palace women chase one another naked; one who refused was beheaded. That night he dreamed he was in the Bamboo Grove Hall; a woman cursed him, saying, "The emperor is perverse and cruel—next year you won't live to see the harvest ripen!" He found a woman in the palace who resembled the one in his dream and had her beheaded. Then he dreamed that the woman he had killed cursed him, saying, "I have already appealed to Heaven!" Then the shamans declared that the Bamboo Grove Hall was haunted. That afternoon the emperor left Hualin Park. Prince of Jian'an Xiuren, Prince of Shanyang Xiuyou, and the Princess of Kuaiji all accompanied him; Prince of Xiangdong Yu alone remained at the Secretariat, not summoned, and grew ever more fearful.
55
帝素惡主衣吳興壽寂之，見輒切齒，阮佃夫以其謀告寂之及外監典事東陽朱幼、細鎧主南彭城姜產之、細鎧將晉陵王敬則、中書舍人戴明寶。 寂之等聞之，皆響應。 幼豫約勒內外，使錢藍生密報休仁、休祐。 時帝欲南巡，腹心宗越等並聽出外裝束，唯隊主樊僧整防華林閣。 柳光世與僧整，鄉人，因密邀之； 僧整即受命。 凡同謀十餘人。 阮佃夫慮力少不濟，更欲招合，壽寂之曰：「謀廣或洩，不煩多人。」 其夕，帝悉屏侍衛，與群巫及綵女數百人射鬼於竹林堂。 事畢，將奏樂，壽寂之抽刀前入，姜產之次之，淳於文祖等皆隨其後。 休仁聞行聲甚疾，謂休祐曰：「事作矣！」 相隨奔景陽山。 帝山寂之至，引弓射之，不中。 綵女皆迸走。 帝亦走，大呼「寂寂」者三。 寂之追而弒之； 宣令宿衛曰：「湘東王受太皇太后令，除征主，今已平定。」 殿省惶惑，未知所為。
The emperor had long hated Master of Robes Shou Jizhi and gnashed his teeth whenever he saw him. Ruan Tianfu confided the plot to Jizhi, Outer Supervisor Director Zhu You, Fine-Armour Commander Jiang Chanzhi, Fine-Armour General Wang Jingze, and Secretariat Cadet Dai Mingbao. Jizhi and the others all agreed to join. Zhu You coordinated matters inside and outside the palace, and had Qian Lansheng secretly warn Xiuren and Xiuyou. The emperor was preparing for his southern tour; his trusted henchmen Zong Yue and the rest had all been sent out to prepare, and only Squad Commander Fan Sengzheng remained guarding the Hualin Pavilion. Guangshi and Sengzheng were from the same hometown; Guangshi secretly recruited him; Sengzheng agreed at once. More than ten men in all joined the plot. Ruan Tianfu worried their force was too small and wanted to recruit more men; Shou Jizhi said, "The wider the plot, the more likely it leaks—there's no need for a crowd." That evening the emperor dismissed all his guards and, with shamans and hundreds of maidens, shot at ghosts in the Bamboo Grove Hall. When it was over and the musicians were about to play, Jizhi drew his blade and rushed in, Jiang Chanzhi right behind him, with Chunyu Wenzu and the others following. Xiuren heard rapid footsteps and said to Xiuyou, "It's begun!" They fled together toward Jingyang Hill. When the emperor saw Jizhi coming, he drew his bow and shot at him but missed. The maidens all fled in panic. The emperor also fled, shouting "Jizhi! Jizhi! Jizhi!" three times. Jizhi pursued him and killed him; Orders were announced to the night guards: "Prince of Xiangdong Yu has received the Grand Empress Dowager's command to remove the tyrant, and the disturbance is now settled." The palace halls and offices were panicked and uncertain what to do.
56
休仁就秘書省見湘東王，即稱臣，引升西堂，登御座，召見諸大臣。 於時事起倉猝，王失履，跣至西堂，猶著烏帽。 坐定，休仁呼主衣以白帽代之。 令備羽儀，雖未即位，凡事悉稱令書施行。 宣太皇太后令，數廢帝罪惡，命湘東王纂承皇極。 及時，宗越等始入，湘東王撫接甚厚。 廢帝母弟司徒、揚州刺史、豫章王子尚，頑悖有兄風，己未，湘東王以太皇太后令，賜子尚及會稽公主死。 建安王休仁等始得出居外捨。 釋謝莊之囚。 廢帝猶橫屍太醫閣口。 蔡興宗謂尚書右僕射王彧曰：「此雖凶悖，要是天下之主，宜使喪禮粗足； 若直如此，四海必將乘人。」 乃葬之秣陵縣南。
Xiuren went to the Secretariat to see Prince of Xiangdong Yu, immediately declared himself his subject, led him to the Western Hall, seated him on the imperial throne, and summoned the ministers. Events had erupted so suddenly that the prince had lost his shoes and arrived barefoot at the Western Hall, still in a black cap. Once he was seated, Xiuren called for the Master of Robes to exchange it for a white cap. He ordered the imperial regalia prepared; though he had not yet been enthroned, all affairs were issued and executed as written commands. The Grand Empress Dowager's edict was proclaimed, listing Emperor Qianfei's crimes, and Prince of Xiangdong Yu was commanded to ascend the throne. By then Zong Yue and the others finally arrived, and Prince of Xiangdong Yu received them with marked warmth. Emperor Qianfei's younger brother, Minister over the Masses and Governor of Yang province Prince of Yuzhang Zishang, was as vicious and rebellious as his brother. On jiwei, by the Grand Empress Dowager's order, Prince of Xiangdong Yu condemned Zishang and the Princess of Kuaiji to death. Prince of Jian'an Xiuren and the others were finally allowed to leave and take up quarters outside the palace. Xie Zhuang was released from prison. Emperor Qianfei's body still lay in the doorway of the Imperial Medical Office. Cai Xingzong said to Right Vice Director of the Masters of Writing Wang Yu, "Vicious as he was, he was nevertheless the sovereign of the realm; the funeral should at least meet the bare minimum of ritual; If he is simply left like this, the whole empire will seize upon it to its advantage." He was buried south of Moling county.
57
初，湘東王母沈婕妤早卒，路太后養之。 王事太后甚謹，太后愛王亦篤。 王既弒廢帝，欲慰太后心，下令以太后弟子休之為黃門侍郎，茂之為中書侍郎。 論功行賞，壽寂之等十四人皆封縣侯、縣子。
Prince of Xiangdong Yu's mother, Lady Shen, had died early, and Empress Dowager Lu had raised him. He had served the empress dowager devotedly, and she had loved him in return. After killing Emperor Qianfei, he wished to reassure the empress dowager and appointed her clansmen Xiuzhi and Maozhi as Gentleman Attendant at the Yellow Gates and Gentleman Attendant at the Secretariat, respectively. Rewards were distributed for merit; Shou Jizhi and thirteen others were all enfeoffed as county marquises or county viscounts.
58
十二月，庚申朔，以東海王禕為中書監、太尉。 進鎮軍將軍、江州刺史晉安王子勳為車騎將軍、開府儀同三司。 癸亥，以建安王休仁為司徒、尚書令、揚州刺史，以山陽王休祐為荊州刺史，桂陽王休范為南徐州刺史。 乙丑，徙安陸王子綏為江夏王。
In the twelfth month, on the gengshen new moon, Prince of Donghai Yi was appointed Director of the Secretariat and Grand Commandant. General Who Stabilizes the Army and Governor of Jiang province Prince of Jin'an Zixun was promoted to General of Chariots and Cavalry with the privileges of the Three Excellencies and an acting staff. On guihai, Prince of Jian'an Xiuren was made Minister over the Masses, Director of the Masters of Writing, and Governor of Yang province; Prince of Shanyang Xiuyou was made Governor of Jing province; and Prince of Guiyang Xiufan was made Governor of Southern Xu province. On yichou, Prince of Anlu Zisui was reassigned as Prince of Jiangxia.
59
丙寅，湘東王即皇帝位，大赦，改元。 其廢帝時昏制謬封，並皆刊削。
On bingyin, Prince of Xiangdong Yu took the throne, proclaimed a general amnesty, and changed the era name. All the erratic laws and improper enfeoffments of Emperor Qianfei's reign were revoked.
60
庚午，以右衛將軍劉道隆為中護軍。 道隆暱於廢帝，嘗無禮於建安太妃； 至是，建安王休仁求解職，明帝乃賜道隆死。
On gengwu, General of the Right Guards Liu Daolong was appointed General Who Protects the Army. Daolong had been a favorite of Emperor Qianfei and had once insulted Prince of Jian'an's consort; Xiuren then requested to resign his post, and Emperor Ming had Daolong executed.
61
宗越、譚金、童太一等雖為上所撫接，內不自安； 上亦不欲使居中，從容謂曰：「卿等遭罹暴朝，勤勞日久，應得自養之地； 兵馬大郡，隨卿等所擇。」 越等素已自疑，聞之，皆相顧失色，因謀作亂； 以告沈攸之，攸之以聞。 上收越等，下獄死。 攸之復入直閣。
Although Zong Yue, Tan Jin, Tong Taiyi, and the others had been treated warmly by the emperor, they remained inwardly uneasy; The emperor also did not want them at court and said gently, "You endured the tyrant's reign and have served long; you deserve provinces where you can rest and recuperate; Choose whichever great military commanderies you prefer." They had already been suspicious; on hearing this, they exchanged frightened glances and plotted rebellion; They confided in Shen Youzhi, who reported the plot. The emperor had Yue and his co-conspirators arrested, imprisoned, and executed. Youzhi returned to duty in the Direct-Duty Pavilion.
62
辛未，徙臨賀王子產為南平王，晉熙王子輿為廬陵王。
On xinwei, Prince of Linhe Zichan was reassigned as Prince of Nanping, and Prince of Jinxi Ziyu as Prince of Luling.
63
壬申，以尚書右僕射王景文為尚書僕射。 景文，即彧也，避上名，以字行。
On renshen, Right Vice Director of the Masters of Writing Wang Jingwen was appointed Vice Director of the Masters of Writing. Jingwen was Wang Yu; to avoid the emperor's tabooed name, he used his courtesy name.
64
乙亥，追尊沈太妃曰宣太后，陵曰崇寧。
On yihai, Prince of Xiangdong Yu's mother Lady Shen was posthumously honored as Empress Xuan, with a tomb named Chongning.
65
初，豫州刺史山陽王休祐入朝，以長史、南梁郡太守陳郡殷琰行府州事。 及休祐徙荊州，即以琰為督豫、司二州諸軍事、豫州刺史。
Earlier, when Governor of Yu province Prince of Shanyang Xiuyou came to court, Chief Clerk and Administrator of Nanliang commandery Yin Yan of Chen commandery handled provincial affairs in his stead. When Xiuyou was reassigned to Jing province, Yan was made commander over Yu and Si provinces and Governor of Yu province.
66
有司奏路太后宜即前號，移居外宮； 上不許。 戊寅，尊路太后為崇憲皇太后，居崇憲宮，供奉禮儀，不異舊日。 立妃王氏為皇后。 後，景文之妹也。
The relevant offices submitted that Empress Dowager Lu should revert to her former title and relocate to the outer palace; The emperor refused. On wuyin, Empress Dowager Lu was honored as Grand Empress Dowager Chongxian, housed in the Chongxian Palace with rites and provisions unchanged from before. Consort Wang was made empress. She was Wang Jingwen's younger sister.
67
罷二銖錢，禁鵝眼、綖環錢，餘皆通用。
The two-zhu coin was abolished; goose-eye and thread-ring cash were banned; all other coin remained legal tender.
68
江州佐吏得上所下令書，皆喜，共造鄧琬，曰：「暴亂既除，殿下又開黃閣，實為公私大慶。」 琬以晉安王子勳次第居三，又以尋陽起事與世祖同符，謂事必有成，取令書投地曰：「殿下當開端門，黃閣是吾徒事耳！」 眾皆駭愕。 琬更與陶亮等繕治器甲，徵兵四方。
When the Jiang province staff received the new emperor's edicts, they rejoiced and went together to Deng Wan, saying, "With the tyranny ended and Your Highness elevated to the Yellow Pavilion, this is cause for celebration all around." Wan noted that Prince of Jin'an Zixun was also third among his brothers, and that raising arms at Xunyang mirrored Emperor Xiaowu's own rise; convinced of success, he threw the edict to the ground and declared, "Your Highness should take the imperial gate—the Yellow Pavilion is our affair alone!" The assembly was stunned. Wan then joined Tao Liang and others to gather arms and armor and levy troops throughout the realm.
69
袁顗既至襄陽，即與咨議參軍劉胡繕修兵械，簡集士卒，詐稱被太皇太后令，使其起兵，即建牙馳檄，奉表勸子勳即大位。
When Yuan Yi reached Xiangyang, he and Consultation Attendant Liu Hu readied arms, mustered troops, and falsely claimed authorization from the Grand Empress Dowager; they raised banners, issued proclamations, and memorialized urging Zixun to take the throne.
70
辛巳，更以山陽王休祐為江州刺史，荊州刺史臨海王子頊即留本任。
On xinsi, Prince of Shanyang Xiuyou was reassigned as Governor of Jiang province, while Governor of Jing province Prince of Linhai Zixu kept his post.
71
先是，廢帝以邵陵王子元為湘州刺史，中兵參軍沈仲玉為道路行事，至鵲頭，聞尋陽兵起，不敢進。 琬遣數百人劫迎之，令子勳建牙於桑尾，傳檄建康，稱：「孤志遵前典，黜幽陟明。」 又謂上「轎害明茂，篡竊天寶，干我昭穆，寡我兄弟。 藐孤同氣，猶有十三，聖靈何辜，而當乏饗。」
Earlier, Emperor Qianfei had appointed Prince of Shaoling Ziyuan Governor of Xiang province, with Central Army Attendant Shen Zhongyu handling affairs on the road; at Que Head they heard of the uprising at Xunyang and halted. Wan sent several hundred men to seize and escort them, had Zixun raise his banner at Sangwei, and dispatched proclamations to Jiankang declaring, "I follow ancient precedent in deposing the unworthy and elevating the worthy." He also accused the emperor: "Through treachery you destroyed the bright and flourishing, usurped the Mandate of Heaven, violated our ancestral rites, and slaughtered our brothers. You scorn this orphan who shares your blood, yet thirteen brothers still remain—what offense did our ancestral spirits commit, to be left without offerings?"
72
郢州刺史安陸王子緩承子勳初檄，欲攻廢帝； 聞廢帝已隕，即解甲下標。 既而聞江、雍猶治兵，郢府行事苟卞之大懼，即遣咨議、領中兵參軍鄭景玄帥軍馳下，並送軍糧。 荊州行事孔道存奉刺史臨海王子頊，會稽將佐奉太守尋陽王子房，皆舉兵以應子勳。
Governor of Ying province Prince of Anlu Zihuan, on receiving Zixun's initial proclamation, prepared to attack Emperor Qianfei; But learning Emperor Qianfei was already dead, he disbanded his forces and lowered his banners. Soon after, hearing that Jiang and Yong were still arming for war, the acting prefect of Ying Gou Bianzhi panicked and dispatched Consultation Attendant and Central Army Commander Zheng Jingxuan with troops downstream, along with military supplies. Acting governor of Jing Kong Daocun rallied behind Governor Prince of Linhai Zixu, and Kuaiji's officials backed Prefect Prince of Xunyang Zifang—all took up arms for Zixun.