1
資治通鑑第150卷
Comprehensive Mirror in Aid of Governance, Volume 150.
2
卷第一百五十
Volume 150.
3
【梁紀六】起閼逢執徐，盡旃蒙大荒落，凡二年。
[Liang Annals 6] From Yamou Zhixu through Zhanmeng Dahuangluo—two years in all.
4
高祖武皇帝六普通五年（ 甲辰，公元五二四年）
In the fifth year of Putong of Emperor Wu ( jiachen, 524 CE).
5
春，正月，辛丑，魏主祀南郊。
In spring, the first month, on the day xinchou, the Wei emperor offered sacrifice at the Southern Suburbs.
6
三月，魏以臨淮王彧都督北討諸軍事，討破六韓拔陵。
In the third month, Wei made Prince of Huaiyang Yuan Yu commander-in-chief of the northern expedition to attack Poluhan Baleng.
7
夏，四月，高平鎮民赫連恩等反，推敕勒酋長胡琛為高平王，攻高平鎮以應拔陵。 魏將盧祖遷擊破之，琛北走。
In summer, the fourth month, the people of Gaoping Garrison rebelled under Helian En and others. They installed the Tiele chieftain Hu Chen as King of Gaoping and attacked Gaoping Garrison in concert with Baleng. The Wei general Lu Zuqian routed them, and Hu Chen fled north.
8
衛可孤攻懷朔鎮經年，外援不至，楊鈞使賀拔勝詣臨淮王彧告急。 勝募敢死少年十餘騎，夜伺隙潰圍出，賊騎追及之，勝曰：「我賀拔破胡也。」 賊不敢逼。 勝見彧於雲中，說之曰：「懷朔被圍，旦夕淪陷，大王今頓兵不進； 懷朔若陷，則武川亦危，賊之銳氣百倍，雖有良、平，不能為大王計矣。」 彧許為出師，勝還，復突圍而入。 鈞復遣勝出覘武川，武川已陷。 勝馳還，懷朔亦潰，勝父子俱為可孤所虜。
Wei Kehu had besieged Huaishuo Garrison for a year without outside relief arriving. Yang Jun sent Heba Sheng to Prince of Huaiyang Yuan Yu to plead for help. Sheng raised a dozen-odd daredevil youths on horseback and, by night, seized an opening to break out of the siege. Rebel cavalry overtook him, and Sheng cried, "I am Heba Pohu!" The rebels did not dare close in. Sheng met Yuan Yu at Yunzhong and urged him: "Huaishuo is under siege and will fall at any moment, yet Your Highness holds your army back and will not advance; if Huaishuo falls, Wuchuan will be in peril too, and the rebels' fighting spirit will multiply a hundredfold. Even Liang and Ping together could not plot a way out for Your Highness." Yuan Yu promised to take the field. Sheng went back and broke through the siege lines once more to re-enter the garrison. Yang Jun sent Sheng out again to scout Wuchuan, but Wuchuan had already fallen. Sheng raced back, only to find Huaishuo had collapsed as well. He and his father and son were all taken captive by Wei Kehu.
9
五月，臨淮王彧與破六韓拔陵戰於五原，兵敗，彧坐削除官爵。 安北將軍隴西李叔仁又敗於白道，賊勢日盛。 魏主引丞相、令、僕、尚書、侍中、黃門於顯陽殿，問之曰：「今寇連恆、朔，逼近金陵，計將安出？」 吏部尚書元修義請遣重臣督軍鎮恆、朔以捍寇。 帝曰：「去歲阿那瑰叛亂，遣李崇北征，崇上表求改鎮為州，朕以舊章難革，不從其請。 尋崇此表，開鎮戶非翼之心，致有今日之患； 但既往難追，聊復略論耳。 然崇貴戚重望，器識英敏，意欲還遣崇行，何如？」 僕射蕭寶寅等皆曰：「如此，實合群望。」 崇曰：「臣以六鎮遐僻，密邇寇戎，欲以慰悅彼心，豈敢導之為亂！ 臣罪當就死，陛下赦之； 今更遣臣北行，正是報恩改過之秋。 但臣年七十，加之疲病，不堪軍旅，願更擇賢材。」 帝不許。 修義，天賜之子也。
In the fifth month, Prince of Huaiyang Yuan Yu fought Poluhan Baleng at Wuyuan, was defeated, and was stripped of office and rank on that account. Anbei General Li Shuren of Longxi was defeated again on the White Road, and the rebels grew stronger by the day. The Wei emperor summoned the chancellor, ministers, masters of writing, attendants-in-ordinary, and yellow-gate attendants to the Hall of Manifest Yang and asked: "The rebels now hold Heng and Shuo in succession and press upon the capital—what is to be done?" Minister of Personnel Yuan Xiuyi proposed sending a senior minister to take command and hold Heng and Shuo against the rebels. The emperor said, "Last year, when Anagui rebelled, I sent Li Chong on a northern campaign. Chong memorialized asking that the garrisons be turned into prefectures. I held that the old statutes were hard to change and did not grant his request. In retrospect, that memorial of Chong's stirred the garrison households' hearts toward discontent and brought on today's disaster; but what is past cannot be undone—let us touch on it only briefly. Yet Chong is a kinsman of high standing, talented and keen of mind. I mean to send Chong north again—what do you think?" Pushe Xiao Baoyin and the others all said, "If it is done so, it will truly satisfy everyone's hopes." Li Chong said, "Your servant, seeing how remote the Six Garrisons are and how close they lie to the barbarian frontier, wished only to soothe their hearts—how would I dare to incite them to rebellion! Your servant deserved death for his crime, yet Your Majesty spared him; to send your servant north again now is precisely the time to repay grace and make amends. But your servant is seventy years old, and with weariness and illness on top of that, I cannot bear the rigors of campaign. I beg that another worthy be chosen." The emperor would not agree. Xiuyi was the son of Tiansi.
10
臣光曰：李崇之表，乃所以銷禍於未萌，制勝於無形。 魏肅宗既不能用，及亂生之日，曾無愧謝之言，乃更以為崇罪。 彼不明之君，烏可與謀哉！ 《詩》云：「聽言則對，誦言如醉，匪用其良，覆俾我悖。」 其是之謂矣。
Your subject Guang remarks: Li Chong's memorial was precisely the means to quell disaster before it sprouted and to prevail before shape could be seen. Emperor Suzong of Wei could not adopt it; when rebellion broke out he offered not a word of shame or apology, but instead laid the blame on Chong. With such an unenlightened ruler, how could one take counsel together! The Odes say: "He answers when he hears words; he is as if drunk when words are recited. He does not use the good, but overturns and makes us perverse." This is what is meant.
11
壬申，加崇使持節、開府儀同三司、北討大都督，命撫軍將軍崔暹、鎮軍將軍廣陽王深皆受崇節度。 深，嘉之子也。
On the day renshen, Li Chong was promoted to bearer of the staff of authority, grand master with golden seal and purple ribbon of the first order, and grand commander of the northern campaign. Fugun General Cui Xian and Zhenjun General Prince of Guangyang Yuan Shen were both placed under Chong's command. Yuan Shen was the son of Jia.
12
六月，以豫州刺史裴邃督征討諸軍事，以伐魏。
In the sixth month, Inspector of Yuzhou Pei Sui was appointed commander of the punitive expedition against Wei.
13
魏自破六韓拔陵之反，二夏、豳、涼寇盜蜂起。 秦州刺史李彥，政刑殘虐，在下皆怨。 是月，城內薛珍等聚黨突入州門，擒彥，殺之，推其黨莫折大提為帥，大提自稱秦王。 魏遣雍州刺史元志討之。
After Poluhan Baleng's rebellion in Wei, bandits and raiders swarmed up in the two Xia regions, Bin, and Liang. Li Yan, inspector of Qinzhou, was brutal in government and punishment, and all beneath him resented him. That month, Xue Zhen and others in the city rallied a faction, stormed the prefectural gate, seized Yan, and killed him. They installed their comrade Mozhe Dati as leader, and Dati styled himself King of Qin. Wei sent Yuan Zhi, inspector of Yongzhou, to suppress them.
14
初，南秦州豪右楊松柏兄弟，數為寇盜，刺史博陵崔游誘之使降，引為主簿，接以辭色，使說下群氐，既而因宴會盡收斬之，由是所部莫不猜懼。 游聞李彥死，自知不安，欲逃去，未果； 城民張長命、韓祖香、孫掩等攻游，殺之，以城應大提。 大提遺其黨卜胡襲高平，克之，殺鎮將赫連略、行台高元榮。 大提尋卒，子念生自稱天子，置百官，改元天建。
Earlier, the powerful Yang Songbai brothers of Southern Qinzhou had repeatedly turned bandit. Inspector Cui You of Boling lured them into surrender, took them on as chief clerks, treated them with courtesy, and set them to win over the Di clans. Then, at a banquet, he seized and beheaded them all. From that day, everyone under his rule lived in suspicion and fear. When Cui You heard that Li Yan was dead, he knew he was unsafe and tried to flee, but could not; the townspeople Zhang Changming, Han Zuxiang, Sun Yan, and others attacked You, killed him, and surrendered the city to Dati. Dati sent his follower Bu Hu against Gaoping, took it, and killed Garrison Commander Helian Lüe and itinerant commissioner Gao Yuanrong. Dati soon died. His son Niansheng styled himself Son of Heaven, set up the full bureaucracy, and changed the era name to Tianjian.
15
丁酉，魏大赦。
On the day dingyou, Wei proclaimed a general amnesty.
16
秋，七月，甲寅，魏遣吏部尚書元修義兼尚書僕射，為西道行台，帥諸將討莫折念生。
In autumn, the seventh month, on the day jiayin, Wei sent Yuan Xiuyi, minister of personnel, also serving as master of writing and deputy director, as itinerant commissioner of the western route to lead the generals against Mozhe Niansheng.
17
崔暹違李崇節度，與破六韓拔陵戰於白道，大敗，單騎走還。 拔陵並力攻崇，崇力戰不能御，引還雲中，與之相持。
Cui Xian disobeyed Li Chong's orders, fought Poluhan Baleng on the White Road, was routed, and fled back alone on horseback. Baleng combined his forces to attack Chong. Chong fought hard but could not hold him off, withdrew to Yunzhong, and faced him in stalemate.
18
廣相王深上言：「先朝都平城，以北邊為重，盛簡親賢，擁麾作鎮，配以高門子弟，以死防遏，非唯不廢仕宦，乃更獨得復除，當時人物，忻慕為之。 太和中，僕射李沖用事，涼州土人悉免廝役； 帝鄉舊門，仍防邊戍，自非得罪當世，莫肯與之為伍。 本鎮驅使，但為虞候、白直，一生推遷，不過軍主； 然其同族留京師者得上品通官，在鎮者即為清途所隔，或多逃逸。 乃峻邊兵之格，鎮人不聽浮游在外，於是少年不得從師，長者不得游宦，獨為匪人，言之流涕！ 自定鼎伊、洛，邊任益輕，唯底滯凡才，乃出為鎮將，轉相模習，專事聚斂。 或諸方奸吏，犯罪配邊，為之指蹤，政以賄立，邊人無不切齒。 及阿那瑰背恩縱掠，發奔命追之，十五萬眾度沙漠，不日而還。 邊人見此援師，遂自意輕中國。 尚書令臣崇求改鎮為州，抑亦先覺，朝廷未許。 而高闕戍主御下失和，拔陵殺之，遂相帥為亂，攻城掠地，所過夷滅，王師屢北，賊黨日盛。 此段之舉，指望銷平； 而崔暹只輪不返，臣崇與臣逡巡復路，相與還次雲中，將士之情莫不解體。 今日所慮，非止西北，將恐諸鎮尋亦如此，天下之事，何易可量！」 書奏，不省。
Prince of Guangyang Yuan Shen memorialized: "The former court made its capital at Pingcheng and treated the northern frontier as paramount. It lavishly chose kinsmen and worthies, gave them banners and made them garrison commanders, paired them with sons of eminent houses, and had them die holding the line. Not only were they not barred from office; they alone also received exemption from corvée. Men of the time looked on it with admiration. In the Taihe era, Pushe Li Chong held power, and the native people of Liangzhou were all exempted from menial service; the old houses of the imperial domain still manned the frontier garrisons. Unless one had fallen foul of the age, none would join them as equals. those driven in service at the home garrison were only scouts and day-duty men; in a lifetime of promotion they rose no higher than garrison commander; yet their kinsmen who stayed in the capital could obtain high-grade regular offices, while those at the garrisons were shut out of the clear path to advancement, and many fled. Then the standards for frontier soldiers were tightened; garrison people were forbidden to wander abroad, so youths could not study under teachers and elders could not seek office elsewhere—they were left only as outlaws. To speak of it brings tears to the eyes! From the time the capital was fixed at Luoyang, frontier appointments grew ever lighter; only the stagnant and mediocre were sent out as garrison generals, imitating one another and devoting themselves solely to amassing wealth. Or corrupt officials from various regions, convicted and assigned to the frontier, showed them the way; government was bought with bribes, and the frontier people gnashed their teeth at it. When Anagui turned ungrateful and let his men plunder, an army of a hundred and fifty thousand crossed the desert on urgent summons to pursue him and returned within days. The frontier people, seeing these relief troops, then took it upon themselves to look lightly on the empire. Your servant Chong, minister of the masters of writing, asked to change the garrisons into prefectures—this too was foresight—but the court did not grant it. Then the garrison chief of Gaogue lost harmony in ruling those below; Baleng killed him, and they led one another into rebellion, storming cities and seizing land and leveling all they passed. The royal army was repeatedly beaten back, and the rebel faction grew daily. This present campaign was expected to quell the trouble; yet Cui Xian did not return even with a single wheel intact, and your servant Chong and your servant hesitated on the road back, returning together to encamp at Yunzhong. The morale of officers and soldiers was utterly shattered. What is feared today is not only the northwest; I fear the other garrisons will soon follow suit. The affairs of the realm—how easily can they be measured!" The memorial was submitted; it went unheeded.
19
詔征崔暹系廷尉； 暹以女妓、田園賂元義，卒得不坐。
An edict ordered Cui Xian summoned and bound over to the Court of the Imperial Clan; Xian bribed Yuan Yi with female entertainers and estates and in the end escaped punishment.
20
丁丑，莫折念生遣其都督楊伯年等攻仇鳩、河池二戍，東益州刺史魏子建遣將軍伊祥等擊破之，斬首千餘級。 東益州本氐王楊紹先之國，將佐皆以城民勁勇，二秦反者皆其族類，請先收其器械。 子建曰：「城民數經行陣，撫之足以為用，急之則腹背為患。」 乃悉召城民，慰諭之，既而漸分其父兄子弟外戍諸郡，內外相顧，卒無叛者。 子建，蘭根之族兄也。
On the day dingchou, Mozhe Niansheng sent his commander Yang Bonian and others to attack the garrisons of Qiuchiu and Hechi. Wei Zijian, inspector of eastern Yizhou, sent Generals Yi Xiang and others to rout them and took more than a thousand heads. Eastern Yizhou had originally been the domain of the Di king Yang Shaoxian. The officers all said the townspeople were fierce and brave and that the rebels of the two Qin regions were their clansmen; they asked first to seize their weapons. Zijian said, "The townspeople have repeatedly seen battle; if treated well they are fit for use. If pressed hard, they will become a danger front and rear." He then summoned all the townspeople, comforted and instructed them, and afterward gradually posted their fathers, elder brothers, sons, and younger brothers to garrison various commanderies outside. With inside and outside keeping watch on one another, in the end none rebelled. Zijian was a cousin of Langan.
21
魏涼州幢帥於菩提等執刺史宋穎，據州反。
In Wei, the Liangzhou standard-bearer Yiputi and others seized Inspector Song Ying, seized the province, and rebelled.
22
八月，庚寅，徐州刺史成景俊拔魏童城。
In the eighth month, on the day gengyin, Cheng Jingjun, inspector of Xuzhou, took Wei's Tongcheng.
23
魏員外散騎侍郎李苗上書曰：「凡食少兵精，利於速戰； 糧多卒眾，事宜持久。 今隴賊猖狂，非有素蓄，雖據兩城，本無德義。 其勢在於疾攻，日有降納，遲則人情離沮，坐待崩潰。 夫飆至風舉，逆者求萬一之功； 高壁深壘，王師有全制之策。 但天下久泰，人不曉兵，奔利不相待，逃難不相顧，將無法令，士非教習，不思長久之計，各有輕敵之心。 如令隴東不守，汧軍敗散，則兩秦遂強，三輔危弱，國之右臂於斯廢矣。 宜勒大將堅壁勿戰，別命偏裨帥精兵數千出麥積崖以襲其後，則汧、岐之下，群妖自散。」
Li Miao, supernumerary attendant cavalier of Wei, memorialized: "In general, little food and elite troops favor swift battle; much grain and many soldiers suit prolonged warfare. Now the Long rebels are rampant, but they have no long-standing stores; though they hold two cities, they fundamentally lack virtue and righteousness. Their momentum lies in swift attack; day by day there are surrenders. If delayed, morale will fray, and one may sit and await their collapse. When the whirlwind comes and the gale rises, those who oppose it seek a one-in-ten-thousand success; with high walls and deep ramparts, the royal army has the policy of complete control. But the realm has long been at peace and people do not understand warfare. In rushing for profit they do not wait for one another; in fleeing danger they do not look back for one another. Generals lack discipline; soldiers lack training. They do not think of long-term plans, and each harbors contempt for the enemy. If Longdong is not held and the Qian army is defeated and scattered, the two Qin regions will grow strong, the Three Assistants will be perilous and weak, and the state's right arm will be lost at a stroke. The great general should be ordered to hold the walls firm and not fight; a deputy should be sent with several thousand elite troops out from Maiji Cliff to strike their rear—then below Qian and Qi the rebel hosts will scatter of themselves."
24
魏以苗為統軍，與別將淳於誕俱出梁、益，隸魏子建。 未至，莫折念生遣其弟高陽王天生將兵下隴。 甲午，都督元志與戰於隴口，志兵敗，棄眾東保岐州。
Wei made Li Miao a commander-in-chief; together with the separate general Chunyu Dan he marched out from Liang and Yi and was placed under Wei Zijian. Before they arrived, Mozhe Niansheng sent his younger brother, Prince of Gaoyang Tiansheng, to lead troops down from Long. On the day jiawu, Commander Yuan Zhi fought him at Longkou. Zhi's army was defeated; he abandoned his troops and withdrew east to hold Qizhou.
25
東西部敕勒皆叛魏，附於破六韓拔陵，魏主始思李崇及廣陽王深之言。 丙申，下詔：「諸州鎮軍貫非有罪配隸者，皆免為民。」 改鎮為州，以懷朔鎮為朔州，更命朔州白雲州。 遣兼黃門侍郎酈道元為大使，撫慰六鎮。 時六鎮已盡叛，道元不果行。
The eastern and western Tiele all rebelled against Wei and joined Poluhan Baleng. The Wei emperor at last recalled the words of Li Chong and Prince of Guangyang Yuan Shen. On the day bingshen, an edict was issued: "All garrison soldiers of the various prefectures who were not originally convicts assigned to service are all freed to be commoners." The garrisons were changed into prefectures; Huaishuo Garrison was made Shuzhou, and Shuzhou was renamed Baiyunzhou. Concurrent yellow-gate attendant Li Daoyuan was sent as grand envoy to soothe the Six Garrisons. By then the Six Garrisons had all rebelled, and Li Daoyuan never made the journey.
26
先是，代人遷洛者，多為選部所抑，不得仕進。 及六鎮叛，元義乃用代來寒人為傳詔以尉悅之。 廷尉評代人山偉奏記，稱義德美，義摧偉為尚書二千石郎。 秀容人乞伏莫於聚眾攻郡，殺太守； 丁酉，南秀容牧子萬於乞真反，殺太僕卿陸延，秀容酋長爾朱榮討平之。 榮，羽健之玄孫也。 其祖代勤，嘗出獵，部民射虎，誤中其髀，代勤拔箭，不復推問，所部莫不感悅。 官至肆州刺史，賜爵染郡公，年九十餘而卒； 子新興立。 新興時，畜牧尤蕃息，牛羊駝馬，色別為群，瀰漫川谷，不可勝數。 魏每出師，新興輒獻馬及資糧以助軍，高祖嘉之。 新興老，請傳爵於子榮，魏朝許之。 榮神機明決，御眾嚴整。 時四方兵起，榮陰有大志，散其畜牧資財，招合驍勇，結納豪傑，於是侯景、司馬子如、賈顯度及五原段榮、太安竇泰皆往依之。 顯度，顯智之兄也。
Earlier, those of the Dai people who had moved to Luoyang were mostly blocked by the Selection Bureau and could not advance in office. When the Six Garrisons rebelled, Yuan Yi then employed poor men of Dai origin who had come to Luoyang as edict-bearers to soothe and please them. Shan Wei of the Dai people, an evaluator in the Court of the Imperial Clan, submitted a note praising Yi's virtue; Yi promoted Wei to a lang of the masters of writing at the two-thousand-bushel grade. Qifu Moyu of Xiurong gathered a crowd, attacked the commandery, and killed the grand administrator; On the dingyou day, Wan Yuqizhen, a herdsman of South Xiurong, rose in rebellion and slew Grand Steward Lu Yan; Erzhu Rong, chieftain of Xiurong, marched against him and put the revolt down. Rong was a great-grandson of Yu Jian. His grandfather Dai Qin had once gone hunting when his tribesmen, firing at a tiger, accidentally struck him in the thigh. Dai Qin drew out the arrow and asked no further questions; all who served under him were deeply moved. He rose to Governor of Sizhou and was enfeoffed as Duke of Randu; he died at more than ninety years of age. His son Xinxing succeeded him. Under Xinxing the herds multiplied abundantly—cattle, sheep, camels, and horses grouped by color, covering valleys and hills in numbers beyond reckoning. Whenever Wei took the field, Xinxing sent horses and supplies to aid the army, and Emperor Gaozu commended him. When Xinxing grew old, he asked to pass his title to his son Rong, and the Wei court assented. Rong was swift of mind and firm in judgment, commanding his followers with stern discipline. As war erupted across the land, Rong nursed secret ambitions. He dispersed his herds and wealth, rallied the bold, and won over champions—whereupon Hou Jing, Sima Ziru, Jia Xiandu, Duan Rong of Wuyuan, and Dou Tai of Tai'an all came to join him. Xiandu was the elder brother of Xianzhi.
27
戊戌，莫折念生遣都督竇雙攻魏盤頭郡，東益州刺史魏子建遣將軍竇念祖擊破之。
On wuxu, Moqi Niansheng dispatched Commander Dou Shuang against Pantou Commandery; Wei Zijian, Governor of Eastern Yizhou, sent General Dou Nianzu and routed the invaders.
28
九月，戊申，成景俊拔魏睢陵。 戊午，北兗州刺史趙景悅圍荊山。 裴邃帥騎三千襲壽陽，壬戌夜，斬關而入，克其外郭。 魏揚州刺史長孫稚御之，一日九戰，後軍蔡秀成失道不至，邃引兵還。 別將擊魏淮陽，魏使行台酈道元、都督河間王琛救壽陽，安樂王鑒救淮陽。 鑒，詮之子也。
In the ninth month, on wushen, Cheng Jingjun took Suiling from Wei. On wuwu, Zhao Jingyue, Governor of Northern Yanzhou, besieged Jingshan. Pei Sui led three thousand horsemen in a surprise attack on Shouyang. On the night of renxu he broke through the gate and seized the outer wall. Changsun Zhi, Wei's Governor of Yangzhou, met him in battle—nine engagements in a single day. When Cai Xiucheng's rear column lost its way and failed to arrive, Sui withdrew. Another column struck Huaiyang. Wei dispatched Li Daoyuan of the Mobile Corps and Commander Prince Chen of Hejian to relieve Shouyang, and Prince of Anle Jian to relieve Huaiyang. Jian was a son of Quan.
29
魏西道行台元修義得風疾，不能治軍。 壬申，魏以尚書左僕射齊王蕭寶寅為西道行台大都督，帥諸將討莫折念生。
Yuan Xiuyi, head of Wei's Western Route Mobile Corps, fell ill with paralysis and could no longer command the army. On renshen, Wei made Left Vice Director of the Secretariat Xiao Baoyin, Prince of Qi, Grand Commander of the Western Route Mobile Corps and sent him with his generals against Moqi Niansheng.
30
宋穎密求救於吐谷渾王伏連籌，伏連籌自將救涼州，於菩提棄城走，追斬之。 城民越天安等復推宋穎為刺史。
Song Ying secretly appealed to Fu Lianchou, King of Tuyuhun, who marched in person to relieve Liangzhou. At Puti he abandoned the city and fled; pursuers overtook and killed him. The townspeople, led by Yue Tian'an, once again installed Song Ying as governor.
31
河間王琛軍至西硤石，解渦陽圍，復荊山戍。 青、冀二州刺史王神念與戰，為琛所敗。 冬，十月，戊寅，裴邃、元樹攻魏建陵城，克之。 辛巳，拔曲木，掃虜將軍彭寶孫拔琅邪。
Prince Chen of Hejian reached West Xiashi, broke the siege of Woyang, and re-established the garrison at Jingshan. Wang Shennian, Governor of Qing and Ji provinces, engaged him in battle and was defeated by Chen. In winter, the tenth month, on wuyin, Pei Sui and Yuan Shu attacked Jianling and took it. On xinsi, Qumu fell; General Who Sweeps the Barbarians Peng Baosun seized Langye.
32
魏營州城民劉安定、就德興執史李仲遵，據城反。 城民王惡兒斬安定以降； 德興東走，自稱燕王。
The people of Yingzhou, Liu Anding and Jiudexing, seized Secretary Li Zhongzun and rose in rebellion, holding the city. A townsman named Wang E'er killed Anding and submitted; Dexing fled eastward and proclaimed himself King of Yan.
33
胡琛遣其將宿勤明達寂豳、夏、北華三州，壬午，魏遺都督北海王顥帥諸將討之。 顥，詳之子也。
Hu Chen sent his general Suqin Mingda to ravage Bin, Xia, and Northern Hua. On renwu, Wei dispatched Commander Prince Hao of Beihai with his generals to campaign against him. Hao was a son of Xiang.
34
甲申，彭寶孫拔檀丘。 辛卯，裴邃拔狄城； 丙申。 又拔甓城，進屯黎漿。 壬寅，魏東海太守韋敬欣以司吾城降。 定遠將軍曹世宗拔曲陽； 甲辰，又拔秦墟，魏守將多棄城走。
On jiashen, Peng Baosun took Tanqiu. On xinmao, Pei Sui took Dicheng; On bingshen, he also took Bicheng and encamped at Lijiang. On renyin, Wei Jingxin, Administrator of Donghai, surrendered Siwu. General Who Establishes the Distant Cao Shizong took Quyang; On jiachen, he also seized Qinxu; many Wei garrison commanders abandoned their posts and fled.
35
魏使黃門侍郎盧同持節詣營州慰勞，就德興降而復反。 詔以同為幽州刺史兼尚書行台，同屢為德興所敗而還。
Wei sent Yellow Gate Attendant Lu Tong with imperial commission to Yingzhou to offer comfort and rewards; Jiudexing submitted, then rebelled again. By edict Lu Tong was made Governor of Youzhou and concurrently head of the Secretariat Mobile Corps; he was defeated repeatedly by Dexing and driven back.
36
魏朔方胡反，圍夏州刺史源子雍，城中食盡，煮馬皮而食之，眾無貳心。 子雍欲自出求糧，留其子延伯守統萬，將佐皆曰：「今四方離叛，糧盡援絕，不若父子俱去。」 子雍泣曰：「吾世荷國恩，當畢命此城； 但無食可守，故欲往東州，為諸君營數月之食，若幸而得之，保全必矣。」 乃師羸弱詣東夏州運糧，延伯與將佐哭而送之。 子雍行數日，胡帥曹阿各拔邀擊，擒之。 子雍潛遣人繼書，敕城中努力固守。 闔城憂懼，延伯諭之曰：「吾父吉凶不可知，方寸焦爛。 但奉命守城，所為者重，不敢以私害公。 諸君幸得此心！」 於是眾感其義，莫不奮勵。 子雍雖被擒，胡人常以民禮事之，子雍為陳禍福，勸阿各拔降。 會阿各拔卒，其弟桑生竟帥其眾隨子雍降。 子雍見行台北海王顥，具陳諸賊可滅之狀，顥給子雍兵，令其先驅。 時東夏州闔境皆反，所在屯結，子雍轉斗而前，九旬之中，凡數十戰，遂平東夏州，徵稅粟以饋統萬，二夏由是獲全。 子雍，懷之子也。
The Hu of Shuofang rebelled and besieged Yuan Ziyong, Governor of Xiazhou. When provisions ran out, the garrison boiled horse hides for food, yet none wavered in loyalty. Ziyong planned to go out himself for supplies, leaving his son Yanbo to hold Tongwan. His officers said, "The realm is in rebellion on every side; food is gone and aid will not come. Better that father and son flee together. Ziyong wept and said, "My house has long enjoyed the state's favor; I am bound to die defending this city. But with no food we cannot hold it. I mean to go to Eastern Xiazhou and gather provisions for you—for months, if need be. If fortune favors us, the city will surely be saved. He then took the weakened troops to Eastern Xiazhou to fetch grain; Yanbo and the officers wept as they saw him depart. Several days into the march, the Hu chieftain Cao A-ge-ba waylaid him and took him captive. Ziyong secretly sent word ahead, commanding the city to hold fast with all its strength. The whole city was gripped with fear. Yanbo addressed them: "Whether my father lives or dies I cannot know; my heart burns within me. Yet I have orders to hold this city—a weighty charge—and I dare not let private grief betray the public trust. I pray you all share this resolve! At this all were moved by his loyalty, and every man redoubled his efforts. Though captive, the Hu treated Ziyong with civility. He spoke to them of gain and ruin and urged A-ge-ba to submit. When A-ge-ba died, his brother Sang Sheng at last led the tribe to surrender with Ziyong. Ziyong presented himself to Prince Hao of Beihai, head of the Mobile Corps, and laid out how the rebels might be destroyed. Hao gave him troops and sent him ahead as vanguard. All Eastern Xiazhou had risen in revolt, rebels encamped everywhere. Ziyong fought his way forward through dozens of battles in ninety days, pacified the province, levied grain for Tongwan, and thus both Xia regions were saved. Ziyong was a son of Huai."
37
魏廣陽王深上言：「今六鎮盡叛，高車二部亦與之同，以此疲兵擊之，必無勝理。 不若選練精兵守恆州諸要，更為後圖。」 遂與李崇引兵還平城。 崇謂諸將曰：「雲中者，白道之沖，賊之咽喉，若此地不全，則並、肆危矣。 當留一人鎮之，誰可者？」 眾舉費穆，崇乃請穆為朔州刺史。
Prince Shen of Guangyang memorialized: "The Six Garrisons have all rebelled, and the two Gaoche divisions stand with them. To strike with our exhausted army is to embrace certain defeat. Better to choose and train fresh troops to hold Hengzhou's vital passes, and plan our next move from there. He and Li Chong then withdrew their army to Pingcheng. Li Chong told his generals, "Yunzhong guards the White Road—it is the rebels' jugular. If we lose it, Bing and Si will be imperiled. We must leave someone to hold it. Who is fit for the task? The officers named Fei Mu, and Chong accordingly recommended him as Governor of Shuozhou."
38
賀拔度拔父子及武川宇文肱糾合鄉里豪傑，共襲衛可孤，殺之； 度拔尋與鐵勒戰死。 肱，逸豆歸之玄孫也。
Helaba Dubo and his son, together with Yuwen Gu of Wuchuan, rallied local champions, attacked Wei Ke'gu, and killed him. Dubo soon fell fighting the Tiele. Gu was a great-grandson of Yidougui.
39
李崇引國子博士祖瑩為長史； 廣陽王深奏瑩詐增首級，盜沒軍資，瑩坐除名，崇亦免官削爵征還。 深專總軍政。
Li Chong appointed Zu Ying, Doctor of the Imperial Academy, as his chief clerk. Prince Shen of Guangyang accused Zu Ying of inflating enemy casualties and embezzling military stores. Ying was dismissed and struck from the rolls; Chong was also stripped of office and rank and recalled. Shen assumed sole command of military and civil affairs.
40
莫折天生進攻魏歧州，十一月，戊申，陷之，執都督元志及刺史裴芬之，送莫折念生，殺之。 念生又使卜胡等寇涇州，敗光祿大夫薛巒於平涼東。 巒，安都之孫也。
Moqi Tiansheng marched on Qizhou. In the eleventh month, on wushen, he took the city, seized Commander Yuan Zhi and Governor Pei Fenzhi, sent them to Moqi Niansheng, and had them executed. Niansheng dispatched Bu Hu and others against Jingzhou and defeated Grand Master for Splendid Happiness Xue Luan east of Pingliang. Luan was a grandson of Andu.
41
丙辰，彭寶孫拔魏東莞。 壬戌，裴邃攻壽陽之安城，丙寅，馬頭、安城皆降。
On bingchen, Peng Baosun took Dongguan from Wei. On renxu, Pei Sui assailed Ancheng near Shouyang; on bingyin, both Matou and Ancheng submitted.
42
高平人攻殺卜胡，共迎胡琛。
The people of Gaoping killed Bu Hu and welcomed Hu Chen together.
43
魏以黃門侍郎楊昱兼侍中，持節監北海王顥軍，以救豳州，豳州圍解。 蜀賊張映龍、姜神達攻雍州，雍州刺史元修義請援，一日一夜，書移九通。 都督李叔仁遲疑不赴，昱曰：「長安，關中基本，若長安不守，大軍自然瓦散，留此何益？」 遂與叔仁進擊之，斬神達，餘黨散走。
Wei made Yellow Gate Attendant Yang Yu concurrent Palace Attendant and sent him with imperial commission to oversee Prince Hao of Beihai's army in relief of Binzhou; the siege was raised. The Shu rebels Zhang Yinglong and Jiang Shenda attacked Yongzhou. Governor Yuan Xiuyi pleaded for aid—nine dispatches in a single day and night. Commander Li Shuren hung back and would not march. Yu said, "Chang'an is the root of Guanzhong. If Chang'an falls, the whole army will crumble—what good is staying here? He pressed Shuren forward; they struck, beheaded Shenda, and the remnant rebels fled.
44
十二月，戊寅，魏荊山降。
In the twelfth month, on wuyin, Jingshan submitted to Wei.
45
壬辰，魏以京兆王繼為太師、大將軍，都督西道諸軍以討莫折念生。
On renchen, Wei made Prince Ji of Jingzhao Grand Preceptor and Grand General, Commander of all Western Route armies, to subdue Moqi Niansheng.
46
乙巳，武勇將軍李國興攻魏平靜關； 辛丑，信威長史楊乾攻武陽關； 任寅，攻峴關； 皆克之。 國興進圍郢州，魏郢州刺史裴詢與蠻酋西郢州刺史田樸特，相表裡以拒之。 圍城近百日，魏援軍至，國興引還。 詢，駿之孫也。
On yisi, General of Martial Courage Li Guoxing attacked Pingjing Pass; On xinchou, Chief Clerk of Trustworthy Prestige Yang Qian assailed Wuyang Pass; On renyin, they attacked Xian Pass; All were taken. Guoxing advanced to besiege Yingzhou. Pei Xun, Wei's Governor of Yingzhou, and the barbarian chieftain Tian Putie, Western Governor of Yingzhou, coordinated inside and out to resist. The siege lasted nearly a hundred days. When Wei relief arrived, Guoxing withdrew. Xun was a grandson of Jun.
47
魏汾州諸胡反； 以章武王融為大都督，將兵討之。
The Hu peoples of Fenzhou rebelled; Prince Rong of Zhangwu was appointed Grand Commander and marched against them.
48
魏魏子建招諭南秦諸氐，稍稍降附，遂復六郡十二戍，斬賊帥韓祖香。 魏以子建兼尚書，為行台，刺史如故，梁、巴、二益、二秦諸州皆受節度。
Wei Zijian persuaded the Di of Southern Qin to submit one by one, recovered six commanderies and twelve garrisons, and beheaded the rebel leader Han Zuxiang. Wei made Zijian concurrent Director of the Secretariat and head of a Mobile Corps, retaining his governorship; the provinces of Liang, Ba, the two Yis, and the two Qins all fell under his authority.
49
莫折念生遣兵攻涼州，城民趙天安復執刺史以應之。
Moqi Niansheng sent troops against Liangzhou; the townsman Zhao Tian'an once again seized the governor to join him.
50
是歲，侍中、太子詹事周捨坐事免，散騎常侍錢唐朱異代掌機密，軍旅謀議，方鎮改易，朝儀詔敕，皆典之。 異好文義，多藝能，精力敏贍，上以是任之。
That year Palace Attendant and Steward of the Heir Apparent Zhou She was dismissed for misconduct; Zhu Yi of Qiantang, Regular Palace Attendant, took over the confidential portfolios—military planning, frontier appointments, court ceremony, and imperial edicts—all passed through his hands. Yi delighted in letters and learning, possessed many skills, and was tireless and keen—therefore the Emperor relied on him.
51
高祖武皇帝六普通六年（ 乙巳，公元五二五年）
The sixth year of Putong of Emperor Wu, the Gaozu ( yisi, the year 525 CE)
52
春，正月，丙午，雍州刺史晉安王綱遣安北長史柳渾破魏南鄉郡； 司馬董當門破魏晉城，庚戌，又破馬圈、雕陽二城。
In spring, the first month, on bingwu, Prince Gang of Jin'an, Governor of Yongzhou, sent Liu Hun, Chief Clerk of Pacifying the North, to defeat Nanxiang Commandery. Major Dong Dangmen took Jincheng from Wei; on gengxu he also captured Maquan and Diaoyang.
53
辛亥，上祀南郊，大赦。
On xinhai, the Emperor offered sacrifice at the Southern Altar and proclaimed a general amnesty.
54
魏徐州刺史元法僧，素附元義，見義驕恣，恐禍及己，遂謀反。 魏遺中書舍人張文伯至彭城，法僧謂曰：「吾欲與汝去危就安，能從我乎？」 文伯曰：「我寧死見文陵松柏，安能去忠義而從叛逆乎！」 法僧殺之。 庚申，法僧殺行台高諒，稱帝，改元天啟，立諸子為王。 魏發兵擊之，法僧乃遣其子景仲來降。
Yuan Faseng, Wei's Governor of Xuzhou, had long sided with Yuan Yi. Seeing Yi's arrogance and excess, he feared he would be dragged down with him and plotted rebellion. The Northern Wei court sent Zhang Wenbo, an aide in the Secretariat, to Pengcheng. Yuan Faseng told him, "I want to leave peril for safety with you—will you come with me?" Wenbo replied, "I would rather die and look once more upon the pines and cypresses at Wenling than forsake loyalty and follow a traitor!" Faseng had him put to death." On the day gengshen, Faseng killed the commissioner Gao Liang, took the imperial title, proclaimed the era Tianqi, and made his sons princes." Wei mobilized an army against him, whereupon Faseng sent his son Jingzhong to submit."
55
安東長史元顯和，麗之子也，舉兵與法僧戰； 法僧擒之，執其手，命其共坐，顯和不肯，曰：「與翁皆出皇家，一朝以地外叛，獨不畏良史乎！」 法僧猶欲慰諭之，顯和曰：「我寧死為忠鬼，不能生為叛臣！」 乃殺之。
Yuan Xianhe, chief clerk of Andong and a son of Yuan Li, took up arms against Faseng;" Faseng seized him, grasped his hand, and invited him to sit beside him. Xianhe refused and said, "We are both of the imperial clan, sir—yet you turned your province against the throne overnight. Do you not fear what the historians will write?" Faseng tried still to reassure him. Xianhe said, "I would rather die a faithful ghost than live on as a rebel minister!" Faseng then executed him.
56
上使散騎常侍朱異使於法僧，以宣城太守元略為大都督，與將軍義興陳慶之、胡龍牙、成景俊等將兵應接。
The Liang emperor dispatched Zhu Yi as envoy to Faseng, named Yuan Lue, administrator of Xuancheng, grand commander, and sent him with the generals Chen Qingzhi of Yixing, Hu Longya, Cheng Jingjun, and others to reinforce Faseng with troops.
57
莫折天生軍於黑水，兵勢甚盛。 魏以岐州刺史崔延伯為征西將軍、西道都督，帥眾五萬討之。 延伯與行台蕭寶寅軍於馬嵬。 延伯素驍勇，寶寅趣之使戰，延伯曰：「明晨為公參賊勇怯。」 乃選精兵數千西渡黑水，整陳進向天生營； 寶寅軍於水東，遙為繼援。 延伯直抵天生營下，揚威脅之，徐引兵還。 天生見延伯眾少，開營爭逐之，其眾多於延伯十倍，蹙延伯於水次，寶寅望之失色。 延伯自為後殿，不與之戰，使其眾先渡，部伍嚴整，天生兵不敢擊。 須臾，渡華，延伯徐渡，天生之眾亦引還。 寶寅喜曰：「崔君之勇，關、張不如。」 延伯曰：「此賊非老奴敵也，明公但安坐，觀老奴破之。」 癸亥，延伯勒兵出，寶寅舉軍繼其後。 天生悉眾逆戰，延伯身先士卒，陷其前鋒，將士盡銳競進，大破之，俘斬十餘萬，追奔至小隴，岐、雍及隴東皆平。 將士稽留采掠，天生遂塞隴道，由是諸軍不能進。 寶寅破宛川，俘其民以為奴婢，以美女十人賞岐州刺史魏蘭根，蘭根辭曰：「此縣介於強寇，不能自立，故附從以救死。 官軍之至，宜矜而撫之，奈何助賊為虐，翦以為賤役乎！」 悉求其父兄而歸之。
Moqi Tiansheng had drawn up his forces at the Black Water, and his army was overwhelmingly strong. Wei made Cui Yanbo, governor of Qizhou, general who campaigns west and western-route commander, and sent him with fifty thousand men to crush the rebels. Yanbo and the commissioner Xiao Baoyin camped together at Mawei. Yanbo was known for exceptional valor. Baoyin pressed him to fight. Yanbo said, "Tomorrow morning I will show you whether these rebels are bold or timid." He chose several thousand picked soldiers, crossed the Black Water to the west, formed battle lines, and marched on Tiansheng's camp; Baoyin held the east bank of the river and stood ready to reinforce him from a distance. Yanbo rode straight to Tiansheng's camp, flaunted his power, then deliberately drew his men back. Tiansheng, seeing how few men Yanbo had, broke camp and gave chase. His host outnumbered Yanbo's by ten to one and drove him to the riverbank, while Baoyin looked on, his face drained of color. Yanbo himself covered the retreat and refused to fight, letting his soldiers ford first. Their formation stayed tight and disciplined, and Tiansheng's men did not dare attack. In a little while the crossing was done; Yanbo crossed at leisure, and Tiansheng's troops pulled back as well. Baoyin exclaimed with joy, "Commander Cui's courage puts even Guan Yu and Zhang Fei to shame." Yanbo said, "This rebel is beneath an old soldier like me. Sit easy, my lord, and watch me break him." On guihai, Yanbo led his army out, and Baoyin followed with the full host. Tiansheng came out with every man he had. Yanbo charged at the head of his troops, shattered the enemy van, and his officers and soldiers drove forward with all their might. The rebels were routed utterly—more than a hundred thousand killed or captured—and the pursuit ran to Xiaolong. Qizhou, Yongzhou, and eastern Long were all brought to order. The victorious troops halted to loot, and Tiansheng seized the chance to block the Long Pass road, so the government armies could advance no farther. Baoyin took Wanchuan and enslaved the population. He offered Wei Langer, governor of Qizhou, ten captive women as a reward. Langer refused, saying, "This district is caught between powerful raiders and could not survive alone; its people submitted only to stay alive. When our army comes, they deserve compassion and protection—why help the enemy torment them and reduce them to slaves?" "He found every father and elder brother he could and sent them back to their families.
58
己巳，裴邃拔魏新蔡郡，詔侍中、領軍將軍西昌侯淵藻將眾前驅，南兗州刺史豫章王綜與諸將繼進。 癸酉，裴邃拔鄭城，汝、穎之間，所在響應。 魏河間王琛等憚邃威名，軍於城父，累月不進，魏朝遣廷尉少卿崔孝芬持節、繼齋庫刀以趣之。 孝芬，挺之子也。 琛至壽陽，欲出兵決戰。 長孫稚以為久雨，未可出； 琛不聽，引兵五萬出城擊邃。 邃為四甄以待之，使直閣將軍李祖憐先挑戰而偽退； 稚、琛悉眾追之，四甄競發，魏師大敗，斬首萬餘級。 琛走入城，稚勒兵而殿，遂閉門自固，不敢復出。
On jisi, Pei Sui seized Xincai commandery from Wei. The court ordered Palace Attendant and director of the guards Yuan Zao, Marquis of Xichang, to march ahead, while Prince Zong of Yuzhang, governor of southern Yanzhou, and the other generals followed." On guiyou, Pei Sui took Zheng. Up and down the Ru and Ying valleys, cities rose in support. The Wei princes Chen of Hejian and his colleagues feared Pei Sui's reputation; they sat at Chengfu and would not move for months. The Wei court dispatched Cui Xiaofen, vice minister of justice, bearing credentials and the imperial sword from the treasury to hurry them along. Xiaofen was the son of Cui Ting. Chen arrived at Shouyang and wanted to march out for a pitched battle. Changsun Zhi argued that the long rains made an sortie unwise; Chen would not heed him and led fifty thousand men from the city against Pei Sui. Pei Sui arrayed four wings to receive them and sent Regiment General Li Zulian to provoke a fight and then feign retreat; Zhi and Chen chased with their whole force. All four wings closed in at once; the Wei army was shattered, and more than ten thousand heads were taken. "Chen fled back inside the walls. Zhi gathered the rear guard, then barred the gates and would not venture out again.
59
魏安樂王鑒將兵討元法僧，擊元略於彭城南。 略大敗，與數十騎走入城。 鑒不設備，法僧出擊，大破之，鑒單騎奔歸。 將軍王希聃拔魏南陽平，執太守薛曇尚。 曇尚，虎子之子也。 甲戌，以法僧為司空，封始安郡公。
Yuan Jian, prince of Anle, marched against Yuan Faseng and struck Yuan Lue south of Pengcheng." Lue was routed and escaped into the city with only a few dozen horsemen. Jian let his guard down. Faseng sallied forth, crushed him, and Jian rode off alone to safety. General Wang Xidan took Nanyangping from Wei and captured the administrator Xue Tanshang. Tanshang was the son of Xue Huzi. "On jiaxu, Faseng was named minister of works and created duke of Shi'an commandery.
60
魏以安豐王延明為東道行台，臨淮王彧為都督，以擊彭城。
"Wei appointed Yuan Yanming, prince of Anfeng, eastern-route commissioner, and Yuan Yu, prince of Linhuai, commander, to retake Pengcheng.
61
魏以京兆王繼為太尉。
"Wei named Yuan Ji, prince of Jingzhao, grand marshal.
62
二月，乙未，趙景悅拔魏龍亢。
"In the second month, on yiwei, Zhao Jingyue seized Longqiang from Wei.
63
初，魏劉騰既卒，胡太后及魏主左右防衛微緩。 元義亦自寬，時出遊於外，留連不返，其所親諫，義不納； 太后察知之。 去秋，太后對帝謂群臣曰：「今隔絕我母子，不聽往來，復何用我為！ 我當出家，修道於嵩山閒居寺耳。」 因欲自下發。 帝及群臣叩頭泣涕，殷勤苦請，太后聲色愈厲。 帝乃宿於嘉福殿，積數日，遂與太后密謀黜義。 然帝深匿形跡，太后有忿恚，欲得往來顯陽之言，皆以告義； 又對義流涕，敘太后欲出家，憂怖之心日有數四。 義殊不以為疑，乃勸帝從太后所欲。 於是太后數御顯陽殿，二宮無復禁礙。 義舉元法僧為徐州，法僧反，太后數以為言，義深愧悔。 丞相高陽王雍，雖位居義上，而深畏憚之。 會太后與帝游洛水，雍邀二宮幸其第。 日晏，帝與太后至雍內室，從者皆不得入，遂相與定圖義之計。 於是太后謂之曰：「元郎若忠於朝廷，無反心，何故不去領軍，以餘官輔政！」 義甚懼，免冠求解領軍。 乃以義為驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司、尚書令、侍中、領左右。
Earlier, after Liu Teng's death, Empress Dowager Hu and the attendants around the Wei emperor loosened their watch." Yuan Yi grew careless as well, often leaving the palace for outings and staying away. His intimates warned him, but he paid no heed." The empress dowager saw through it all." The previous autumn the empress dowager addressed the emperor before the court and said, "You keep my son and me apart and forbid us to meet—what good am I still? I will take the tonsure and practice the Way at the Hermitage Temple on Mount Song." She made as if to cut her own hair." The emperor and the ministers kowtowed and wept, begging her again and again. The empress dowager only grew harsher in voice and face. The emperor stayed several days in the Hall of Blessed Fortune and secretly plotted with the empress dowager to oust Yuan Yi. Yet the emperor concealed his intentions carefully. Whenever the empress dowager grew angry and longed to visit him at Xianyang Palace, he reported every word to Yi; he also wept before Yi, telling him the empress dowager meant to become a nun—his terror renewed itself three or four times a day. Yi suspected nothing and urged the emperor to grant the empress dowager her wish. So the empress dowager began visiting Xianyang Hall often, and the two palaces were open to each other once more. Yi had put Yuan Faseng in charge of Xuzhou, and Faseng had rebelled. The empress dowager brought it up again and again until Yi was crushed with shame. The chancellor Yuan Yong, prince of Gaoyang, outranked Yi on paper yet feared him deeply. When the empress dowager and emperor were enjoying the Luo River, Yong invited both palaces to his mansion. As evening fell, the emperor and empress dowager entered Yong's private rooms alone; no attendants were admitted, and there they fixed the plan against Yi. Then the empress dowager said to Yi, "If you are true to the throne, Yuan, and harbor no treason, why not give up command of the guards and govern through your other posts?" Yi was terrified; he took off his cap and begged to be relieved of the guards. "He was then made general of agile cavalry with privileges equal to the three dukes, director of the Department of State Affairs, palace attendant, and commander of the left and right guards.
64
戊戌，魏大赦。
"On wuxu, Wei declared a general amnesty.
65
壬辰，莫折念生遣都督楊鮓等攻仇池郡，行台魏子建擊破之。
"On renchen, Moqi Niansheng sent the commander Yang Pan and others against Qiuichi commandery; Commissioner Wei Zijian beat them back.
66
三月，己酉，上幸白下城，履行六軍頓所。 乙丑，命豫章王綜權頓彭城，總督眾軍，並攝徐州府事。 己巳，以元法僧之子景隆為衡州刺史，景仲為廣州刺史。 上召法僧及元略還建康，法僧驅彭城吏民萬餘人南渡。 法僧至建康，上寵待甚厚； 元略惡其為人，與之言，未嘗笑。
In the third month, on jiyou, the emperor went to Baixia and reviewed the camps of the six armies." On yichou, he ordered Prince Zong of Yuzhang to hold Pengcheng temporarily, command all forces, and oversee Xu province affairs." On jisi, Faseng's son Jinglong was made governor of Hengzhou and Jingzhong governor of Guangzhou." The emperor recalled Faseng and Yuan Lue to Jiankang. Faseng herded more than ten thousand Pengcheng officials and commoners south across the river. When Faseng arrived in Jiankang, the emperor showered him with favor; "Yuan Lue despised the man and never smiled in his company.
67
魏詔京光王繼班師。
"Wei ordered Yuan Ji, prince of Jingzhao, to withdraw his army.
68
北涼州刺史錫休儒等自魏興侵魏梁州，攻直城。 魏梁州刺史傅豎眼遣其子敬紹擊之，休儒等敗還。
Xi Xiu, governor of northern Liangzhou, and others crossed from Weixing into Wei's Liangzhou and attacked Zhicheng." "Fu Shuyan, Wei's governor of Liangzhou, sent his son Jingshao against them; Xiu's force was beaten and retreated.
69
柔然王阿那瑰為魏討破六韓拔陵，魏遣牒雲具仁繼雜物勞賜之。 阿那瑰勒眾十萬，自武川西向沃野，屢破拔陵兵。 夏，四月，魏主復遣中書舍人馮俊勞賜阿那瑰。 阿那瑰部落浸強，自稱敕連頭兵豆伐可汗。
The Rouran king Anagui fought Poliuhan Baling on Wei's behalf, and Wei sent Dieyun Juren with gifts and supplies to reward him." Anagui mustered a hundred thousand warriors, marched west from Wuchuan toward Woye, and repeatedly shattered Baling's army." In summer, the fourth month, the Wei emperor again sent the secretariat aide Feng Jun with rewards for Anagui. "Anagui's tribes grew ever stronger, and he proclaimed himself khan under the title Chiliantoubing Doufa.
70
魏元義雖解兵權，猶總任內外，殊不自意有廢黜之理。 胡太后意猶豫未決，侍中穆紹勸太后速去之。 紹，亮之子也。 潘嬪有寵於魏主，宦官張景嵩說之云：「義欲害嬪。」 嬪泣訴於帝曰：「義非獨欲殺妾，又將不利於陛下。」 帝信之，因義出宿，解義侍中。 明旦，義將入宮，門者不納。 辛卯，太后復臨朝攝政，下詔追削劉騰官爵，除義名為民。
Though Yuan Yi had surrendered military command, he still controlled affairs inside and outside the court and never dreamed he could be cast down." Empress Dowager Hu still wavered. Palace Attendant Mu Shao urged her to act against Yi at once. Shao was the son of Mu Liang. Consort Pan held the Wei emperor's affection. The eunuch Zhang Jingsong told her, "Yuan Yi means to destroy you." She wept before the emperor and said, "Yi wants not only my life—he plots against Your Majesty as well." The emperor believed her. The night Yi stayed outside the palace, he stripped him of the post of palace attendant. At dawn the next day, when Yi tried to enter the palace, the guards turned him away. "On xinmao the empress dowager resumed regency at court. An edict posthumously erased Liu Teng's titles, and Yuan Yi was struck from the rolls and reduced to commoner status.
71
清河國郎中令韓子熙上書為清河王懌訟冤，乞誅元義等，曰：「昔趙高柄秦，令關東鼎沸； 今元義專魏，使四方雲擾。 開逆之端，起於宋維，成禍之末，良由劉騰，宜梟首洿宮，斬骸沉族，以明其罪。」 太后命發劉騰之墓，露散其骨，籍沒家貲，盡殺其養子。 以子熙為中書舍人。 子熙，麒麟之孫也。
Han Zixi, chief of the household of the prince of Qinghe, submitted a memorial vindicating Prince Qinghe, Yuan Yi, and demanding the execution of Yuan Yi and his allies. He wrote, "Once Zhao Gao seized Qin and set the east ablaze; now Yuan Yi dominates Wei and throws the realm into chaos. Song Wei opened the road to treason; Liu Teng brought the catastrophe to fruition. Their heads should hang at the palace gate, their bodies destroyed and their clans wiped out, that all may see their guilt." The empress dowager had Liu Teng's tomb opened, his bones cast out, his property seized, and every adopted son executed." Zixi was appointed secretariat aide. "Zixi was a grandson of Han Qilin.
72
初，宋維父弁常曰：「維性疏險，必敗吾家！」 李崇、郭祚、游肇亦曰：「伯緒凶疏，終傾宋氏。 若得殺身，幸矣！」 維阿附元義，超遷至洛州刺史，至是除名，尋賜死。
Long before, Song Wei's father Bian had said, "That boy is reckless and dangerous—he will destroy our family!" Li Chong, Guo Zuo, and You Zhao likewise said, "Boxu is brutal and rash—the Song house will fall because of him. If he dies in the attempt, we may count ourselves lucky!" "Wei had curried favor with Yuan Yi and vaulted to governor of Luozhou; now he was erased from the registers and soon compelled to take his own life.
73
義之解領軍也，太后以義黨與尚強，未可猝制，乃以侯剛代義為領軍以安其意。 尋出剛為冀州刺史，加儀同三司，未至州，黜為征虜將軍，卒於家。 太后欲殺賈粲，以義黨多，恐驚動內外，乃出粲為濟州刺史，尋追殺之，籍沒其家。 唯義以妹夫，未忍行誅。
" When Yi gave up the guards, the empress dowager—knowing his faction remained powerful and he could not be struck down abruptly—named Hou Gang commander of the guards in his place to lull him." Hou Gang was soon appointed governor of Jizhou with privileges equal to the three dukes, but before he took up the post he was reduced to general who subdues the barbarians and died at home. The empress dowager wanted Jia Can executed, yet Yi's allies were still many and she feared a shock inside and outside the court; she posted Can to Jizhou, then had him hunted down and killed and his estate seized. "Only Yuan Yi, as her brother-in-law, she could not bring herself to kill outright.
74
先是，給事黃門侍郎元順以剛直忤義意，以為齊州刺史； 太后征還，為侍中。 侍坐於太后，義妻在太后側，順指之曰：「陛下奈何以一妹之故，不正元義之罪，使天下不得伸其冤憤！」 太后嘿然。 順，澄之子也。 它日，太后從容謂侍臣曰：「劉騰、元義昔邀朕求鐵券，冀得不死，朕賴不與。」 韓子熙曰：「事關生殺，豈系鐵券！ 且陛下昔雖不與，何解今日不殺！」 太后憮然。 未幾，有告義及弟瓜謀誘六鎮降戶反於定州，又招魯陽諸蠻侵擾伊闕，欲為內應。 得其手書，太后猶未忍殺之。 群臣固執不已，魏主亦以為言，太后乃從之，賜義及弟瓜死於家，猶贈義驃騎大將軍、儀同三司、尚書令。 江陽王繼廢於家，病卒。 前幽州刺史盧同坐義黨除名。
Earlier, Yuan Shun, an attendant at the yellow gate, had crossed Yuan Yi with his blunt honesty and was sent to govern Qizhou; the empress dowager recalled him and named him palace attendant. While attending the empress dowager, with Yi's wife beside her, Shun pointed and said, "For one sister's sake, Majesty, how can you leave Yuan Yi's crimes uncorrected and deny the empire its justice?" The empress dowager said nothing. Shun was a son of Yuan Cheng. On another day the empress dowager remarked to her ministers, "Liu Teng and Yuan Yi once begged me for iron warrants so they might escape death; I refused." Han Zixi said, "Life and death are not settled by iron warrants! And even if you withheld them then, why spare them now?" The empress dowager looked stricken. Soon reports came that Yi and his brother Gua meant to stir the Six Garrisons settlers at Dingzhou to revolt and rouse the Luyang tribes against Yique as internal allies. Even with his own letters in hand, the empress dowager still hesitated to kill him. The ministers would not relent, and the Wei emperor spoke too; at last she agreed. Yi and Gua were allowed to die at home, though Yi was still honored posthumously as general of agile cavalry, with privileges equal to the three dukes, and director of the Department of State Affairs. Yuan Ji, prince of Jiangyang, was stripped of office and confined at home, where he died of illness. Lu Tong, former governor of Youzhou, was erased from the rolls as one of Yi's party.
75
太后頗事妝飾，數出遊幸，元順面諫曰：「《禮》，婦人夫沒自稱未亡人，首去珠玉，衣不文采。 陛下母臨天下，年垂不惑，修飾過甚，何以儀型後世！」 太后慚而還宮，召順，責之曰：「千里相征，豈欲眾中見辱邪！」 順曰：「陛下不畏天下之笑，而恥臣之一言乎！」
The empress dowager took to elaborate dress and frequent outings. Yuan Shun rebuked her openly: "The Rites say a widow calls herself 'not yet dead,' lays aside pearls and jade, and wears no finery. You rule the empire as mother, you are nearly forty, yet you adorn yourself beyond measure—what example is this for posterity?" Ashamed, she returned to the palace, called Shun in, and scolded him: "I fetched you from afar—did I mean for you to shame me before everyone?" Shun said, "You do not fear the world's mockery, yet you blush at one word from me?"
76
順與穆紹同直，順因醉，入其寢所，紹擁被而起，正色讓順曰：「身二十年侍中，與卿先君亟連職事，縱卿方進用，何宜相排突也！」 遂謝事還家，詔諭久之，乃起。
Shun and Mu Shao shared a watch. Drunk, Shun walked into Shao's bedchamber. Shao threw off his quilt and stood, rebuking him: "Twenty years I have been palace attendant, often alongside your father—yet because you are newly favored you may storm in on me?" He resigned and went home; only after long imperial pleading did he return to office.
77
初，鄭羲之兄孫儼為司徒胡國珍行參軍，私得幸於太后，人未之知。 蕭寶寅西討，以儼為開府屬。 太后再攝政，儼請奉使還朝，太后留之，拜諫議大夫、中書舍人，領嘗食典御，晝夜禁中； 每休沐，太后常遣宦者隨之，儼見其妻，唯得言家事而已。 中書舍人樂安徐紇，粗有文學，先以謅事趙修，坐徙枹罕。 後還，復除中書舍人，又諂事清河王懌； 懌死，出為雁門太守。 還洛，復諂事元義。 義敗，太后以紇為懌所厚，復召為中書舍人，紇又諂事鄭儼。 儼以紇有智數，仗為謀主； 紇以儼有內寵，傾身承接，共相表裡，勢傾內外，號為「徐鄭」。 儼累遷至中書令、車騎將軍； 紇累遷至給事黃門侍郎，仍領舍人，總攝中書、門下之事，軍國詔令莫不由之。 紇有機辯強力，終日治事，略無休息，不以為勞。 時有急詔，令數吏執筆，或行或臣，人別佔之，造次俱成，不失事理。 然無經國大體，專好小數，見人矯為恭謹，遠近輻湊附之。
Earlier, Zheng Yan, grandson of Zheng Yi's elder brother, served on the staff of the director of the Secretariat Hu Guozhen and secretly won the empress dowager's favor, though none knew it. When Xiao Baoyin marched west, Yan was attached to his headquarters. When the empress dowager resumed regency, Yan asked to return on embassy; she kept him, made him remonstrating and consulting grandee and secretariat aide, and put him in charge of the imperial kitchen, living day and night in the inner palace; on his rare days off the empress dowager sent eunuchs to trail him; when he saw his wife he might discuss only domestic matters. Xu He of Le'an, a secretariat aide, had modest literary talent; he had once flattered Zhao Xiu and was exiled to Fuhan. Recalled, he again became secretariat aide and fawned on Prince Qinghe, Yuan Yi; when Yi fell he was posted to Yanmen as governor. Back in Luoyang he curried favor with Yuan Yi once more. After Yi's downfall the empress dowager, remembering He's closeness to Yi, recalled him as secretariat aide; He then attached himself to Zheng Yan. Yan, valuing He's cunning, made him his chief strategist; He, because Yan enjoyed inner favor, devoted himself utterly; together they ruled inside and out, and men spoke of "Xu and Zheng." Yan rose to director of the Secretariat and general of cavalry and chariots; He became attendant at the yellow gate while retaining the aide post, controlling Secretariat and Gate business so that no military or state order passed without them. He was sharp-tongued and tireless, working from dawn to dusk without complaint. Urgent orders might set several clerks writing at once, standing or kneeling, each taking a section; drafts appeared in moments, always coherent. Yet he had no vision for statecraft and loved petty maneuvering; the obsequious crowded in from every quarter.
78
給事黃門侍郎袁翻、李神軌皆領中書舍人，為太后所信任，時人云神軌亦得幸於太后，眾莫能明也。 神軌求婚於散騎常侍盧義僖，義僖不許。 黃門侍郎王誦謂義僖曰：「昔人不以一女易眾男，卿豈易之邪！」 義僖曰：「所以不從，正為此耳。 從之，恐禍大而速。」 誦乃堅握義僖手曰：「我聞有命，不敢以告人。」 女遂適他族。 臨婚之夕，太后遣中使宣敕停之，內外惶怖，義僖夷然自若。 神軌，崇之子； 義僖，度世之孫也。
Yuan Fan and Li Shengui, attendants at the yellow gate, also served as secretariat aides and enjoyed the empress dowager's trust; rumor said Shengui shared her bed, though none could prove it. Shengui asked to marry into the family of Regular Attendant Lu Yixi; Yixi refused. Yellow Gate Attendant Wang Song told Yixi, "Our forebears would not trade one daughter for a houseful of sons—would you?" Yixi said, "That is exactly why I refuse. Consent, and ruin would come fast and hard." Song seized Yixi's hand and said, "I have heard what fate holds—I dare not speak it aloud." The daughter was betrothed elsewhere. On the wedding eve the empress dowager sent an imperial messenger to stop the match; the household panicked, but Yixi stayed calm. Shengui was the son of Li Chong; Yixi was a grandson of Lu Dushi.
79
胡琛據高平，遣其大將-{万俟}-丑奴、宿勤明達等寇魏涇州，將軍盧祖遷、伊甕生討之，不克。 蕭寶寅、崔延伯既破莫折天生，引兵會祖遷等於安定，甲卒十二萬，鐵馬八千，軍威甚盛。 丑奴軍於安定西北七里，時以輕騎挑戰。 大兵未交，輒委走。 延伯恃其勇，且新有功，遂唱議為先驅擊之。 別造大盾，內為鎖柱，使壯士負而趨，謂之排城，置輜重於中，戰士在外，自安定北緣原北上。 將戰，有賊數百騎詐持文書，雲是降簿，且乞緩師。 寶寅、延伯未及閱視，宿勤明達引兵自東北至，降賊自西競下，覆背擊之。 延伯上馬奮擊，逐北徑抵其營。 賊皆輕騎，延伯軍雜步卒，戰久疲乏，賊乘間得入排城； 延伯遂大敗，死傷近二萬人，寶寅收眾退保安定。 延伯自恥其敗，乃繕甲兵，募驍勇，復自安定西進，去賊七里結營。 壬辰，不告寶寅，獨出襲賊，大破之，俄頃，平其數柵。 賊見軍士采掠散亂，復還擊之，魏兵大敗，延伯中流矢卒，士卒死者萬餘人。 時大寇未平，復失驍將，朝野為之憂恐。 於是賊勢愈盛，而群臣自外來者，太后問之，皆言賊弱，以求悅媚，由是將帥求益兵者往往不與。
Hu Chen held Gaoping and sent his generals Wanqi Chounu, Su Qin Mingda, and others against Wei's Jingzhou; Generals Lu Zuqian and Yi Wengsheng failed to break them. Xiao Baoyin and Cui Yanbo, fresh from defeating Moqi Tiansheng, joined Zuqian at Anding with a hundred and twenty thousand men and eight thousand armored horses, a formidable host. Chounu camped seven li northwest of Anding and probed with light cavalry. Before the main forces met they would pretend to flee. Yanbo, proud of his valor and recent victory, volunteered to lead the van. They built huge shields braced with iron pillars, borne forward by strong men in a "pushing wall" formation, baggage in the center and fighters outside, marching north along the heights from Anding. As battle neared, hundreds of rebel horsemen waved papers claiming to be surrender rolls and begging for a halt. Before Baoyin and Yanbo could read them, Su Qin Mingda struck from the northeast while the "surrender" party swept down from the west, hitting them front and back. Yanbo charged, driving the pursuit to the enemy camp. The rebels were all light horse; Yanbo's ranks included foot soldiers. After long fighting his men tired, and the enemy broke into the pushing walls; Yanbo was routed, with nearly twenty thousand dead and wounded; Baoyin pulled back to Anding. Humiliated, Yanbo rearmed, recruited bold fighters, and advanced again from Anding, camp seven li from the enemy. On renchen, without telling Baoyin, he raided alone and smashed the rebels, leveling several palisades in minutes. Seeing the troops looting in disorder, the rebels counterattacked; the Wei army collapsed, Yanbo took an arrow and died, and more than ten thousand soldiers fell. With the great rebellion still raging and a champion general lost, court and country trembled. The rebels grew bolder, while ministers arriving from the provinces told the empress dowager the enemy was weak, flattering her; generals who begged for reinforcements were often denied.
80
五月，夷陵烈侯裴邃卒。 邃沉深有思略，為政寬明，將吏愛而憚之。 壬子，以中護軍夏侯但督壽陽諸軍事，馳驛代邃。
In the fifth month, Pei Sui, Marquis of Yiling, died. Pei Sui was thoughtful and far-sighted, lenient yet clear in command; his officers loved and feared him. On renzi, Xiahou Dan, central guards commander, was ordered to Shouyang by urgent dispatch to replace Pei Sui.
81
益州刺史臨汝侯淵猷遣其將樊文熾、蕭世澄等，將兵圍魏益州長史和安於小劍，魏益州刺史邴虯遣統軍河南胡小虎、崔珍寶將兵救之。 文熾襲破其柵，皆擒之，使小虎於城下說和安令早降。 小虎遙謂安曰：「我柵失備，為賊所擒，觀其兵力，殊不足言。 努力堅守，魏行台、傅梁州援兵已至。」 語未終，軍士以刀毆殺之。 西南道軍司淳於誕引兵救小劍，文熾置柵於龍鬚山上以防歸路。 戊辰，誕密募壯士夜登山燒其柵，梁軍望見歸路絕，皆恟懼。 誕乘而擊之，文熾大敗，僅以身免。 虜世澄等將吏十一人，斬獲萬計。 魏子建以世澄購胡小虎之屍，得而葬之。
Yuan You, governor of Yizhou and marquis of Linru, sent Fan Wenchì, Xiao Shicheng, and others to besiege He's chief clerk He An at Xiaojian; Wei's governor Bing Chou sent commanders Hu Xiaohu of Henan and Cui Zhenbao to relieve him. Wenchì stormed their camp, took all prisoners, and set Xiaohu under the walls to urge He An to yield. Xiaohu shouted up to An, "Our camp was surprised and I was taken; their numbers are nothing. Hold fast—the Wei commissioner and Governor Fu's relief is here." Before he finished, soldiers cut him down. Chunyu Dan, army supervisor on the southwestern route, marched to relieve Xiaojian; Wenchì fortified Longxu Mountain to cut the retreat. On wuchen, Dan sent bold men by night to burn the palisades on the mountain; the Liang troops, seeing escape blocked, panicked. Dan struck at once; Wenchì was routed and fled alone. They seized Shicheng and ten other officers, with tens of thousands killed or captured. Wei Zijian ransomed Hu Xiaohu's body through Shicheng and gave him burial.
82
魏魏昌武康伯李崇卒。
Li Chong, marquis of Weichang and Baron Wukang, died.
83
初，帝納齊東昏侯寵姬吳淑媛，七月而生豫章王綜，宮中多疑之。 及淑媛寵衰怨望，密謂綜曰：「汝七月生兒，安得比諸皇子！ 然汝太子次弟，幸保富貴，勿洩也！」 與綜相抱而泣。 綜由是自疑，晝則談虐如常，夜則於靜室閉戶，披髮席稿，私於別室祭齊氏七廟。 又微服至曲阿拜齊太宗陵，聞俗說割血瀝骨，滲則為父子，遂潛發東昏侯塚，並自殺一男試之，皆驗。 由是常懷異志，專伺時變。 綜有勇力，能手制奔馬； 輕財好士，唯留附身故衣，餘皆分施，恆致罄乏。 屢上便宜，求為邊任，上未之許。 常於內齋布沙於地，終日跣行，足下生胝，日能行三百里。 王、侯、妃、主及外人皆知其志，而上性嚴重，人莫敢言。 又使通問於蕭寶寅，謂之叔父。 為南兗州刺史，不見賓客，辭訟隔簾聽之，出則垂帷於輿，惡人識其面。
Long ago the emperor had taken Wu Shuyuan, a favorite of Qi’s deposed emperor Dong Hunhou; she bore Prince Zong of Yuzhang in the seventh month, and the palace murmured. When Shuyuan's favor faded she grew bitter and whispered to Zong, "A seventh-month child—how can you rank with the other princes? Yet you stand next to the heir; guard your fortune and tell no one!" Mother and son wept in each other's arms. From then Zong lived in secret doubt: by day he played the brutal prince, by night behind closed doors, hair loose on straw mats, he worshipped the seven temples of Qi in a hidden room. He visited Qu'e in disguise to bow at Qi Taizong's tomb; hearing that blood dripped on bone that absorbs it proves kinship, he opened Dong Hunhou's grave and killed one of his own sons to test it—both times the blood sank in. He nursed treason ever after and watched for his moment. Zong was strong enough to halt a runaway horse with his bare hands; he spent freely and gathered adventurers, keeping only his servants' old clothes and giving away the rest until he was often broke. Again and again he asked for a border command; the emperor refused. He spread sand in his private study and walked barefoot until his feet blistered, training to march three hundred li in a day. Princes, consorts, and courtiers knew his mind, but the emperor's severity silenced them. He also corresponded secretly with Xiao Baoyin, calling him uncle. As governor of southern Yanzhou he refused visitors, judged cases behind a screen, and veiled his carriage when he went abroad.
84
及在彭城，魏安豐王延明、臨淮王彧將兵二萬逼彭城，勝負久未決。 上慮綜敗沒，敕綜引軍還。 綜恐南歸不復得至北邊，乃密遣人送降款於彧； 魏人皆不之信，彧募人入綜軍驗其虛實，無敢行者。 殿中侍御史濟陰鹿悆為彧監軍，請行，曰：「若綜有誠心，與之盟約； 如其詐也，何惜一夫！」 時兩敵相對，內外嚴固，單騎間出，逕趣彭城，為綜軍所執，問其來狀，彧曰：「臨淮王使我來，欲有交易耳。」 時元略已南還，綜聞之，謂成景俊等曰：「我常疑元略規欲反城，將驗其虛實，故遣左右為略使，入魏軍中，呼彼一人。 令其人果來，可遣人詐為略有疾在深室，呼至戶外，令人傳言謝之。」 綜又遣腹心安定梁話迎悆，密以意狀語之。 悆薄暮入城，先引見胡龍牙，龍牙曰：「元中山甚欲相見，故遣呼卿。」 又曰：「安豐、臨淮，將少弱卒，規復此城，容可得乎！」 悆曰：「彭城，魏之東鄙，勢在必爭，得否在天，非人所測。」 龍牙曰：「當如卿言。」 又引見成景俊，景俊與坐，謂曰：「卿不為刺客邪！」 悆曰：「今者奉使，欲返命本朝。 相刺之事，更卜後圖。」 景俊為設飲食，乃引至一所，詐令一人自室中出，為元略致意曰：「我昔有以南向，且遣相呼，欲聞鄉事； 晚來疾作，不獲相見。」 悆曰：「早奉音旨，冒險祗赴，不得瞻見，內懷反側。」 遂辭退。 諸將競問魏士馬多少，悆盛陳有勁兵數十萬。 諸將相謂曰：「此華辭耳！」 悆曰：「崇朝可驗，何華之有！」 乃遣悆還。 景俊送之於戲馬台，北望城塹，謂曰：「險固如此，豈魏所能取！」 悆曰：「攻守在人，何論險固！」 悆還，於路復與梁話申固盟約。 六月，庚辰，綜與梁話及淮陰苗文寵夜出，步投彧軍。 及旦，齋內諸閣猶閉不開，眾莫知所以，唯見城外魏軍呼曰：「汝豫章王昨夜已來，在我軍中，汝尚何為！」 城中求王不獲，軍遂大潰。 魏人入彭城，乘勝追擊梁兵，復取諸城，至宿豫而還。 將佐士卒死沒者什七八，唯陳慶之帥所部得還。
At Pengcheng, Yuan Yanming of Anfeng and Yuan Yu of Linhuai pressed the city with twenty thousand men; the outcome hung long in the balance. Fearing Zong would be lost, the emperor ordered him to withdraw. Zong feared that going south meant never returning north; he secretly sent surrender terms to Yuan Yu; the Wei side did not believe him. Yu sought a volunteer to enter Zong's camp to test the offer, and no one would go. Lu Yu of Jiyin, palace attendant of the hall and Yu's army supervisor, volunteered: "If Zong is sincere, we swear an oath; if he lies, what is one man's life?" The armies stood face to face, guards tight on every side. Lu Yu rode out alone straight to Pengcheng, where Zong's men seized him. When they asked why he had come, he said, "Prince Linhuai sent me to negotiate." Yuan Lue had already gone south. When Zong heard of Lu Yu's arrival, he told Cheng Jingjun and the others, "I have long suspected Lue meant to hand over the city. I sent men disguised as his envoys into the Wei lines to call one of them forward and see what would happen. If he comes, we will pretend Lue is ill in an inner room, summon the man to the threshold, and send out word of apology." Zong also sent his confidant Liang Hua of Anding to receive Lu Yu and quietly explain the plan. Lu Yu entered the city at dusk and was brought first to Hu Longya, who said, "Yuan Zhongshan is eager to see you—that is why he sent for you." He added, "Anfeng and Linhuai are here with a thin force of green boys, hoping to retake this city—do they really think they can?" Lu Yu answered, "Pengcheng is the eastern gate of Wei—both sides must fight for it. Whether it falls is heaven's doing, not ours to guess." Longya said, "No doubt you are right." He was then taken to Cheng Jingjun, who sat with him and asked, "You are not here as an assassin, are you?" Lu Yu said, "I am on embassy today and must report back to my court. If there is to be killing, let it wait for another day. As for killing, let that wait for another day." As for killing, let that wait for another day. Lu Yu said, "I came at your word through great risk and could not see you—my heart is uneasy." Then he took his leave. Sickness came at evening and I could not receive you. The generals crowded around asking how large the Wei host was; Lu Yu declared hundreds of thousands of crack troops. The generals muttered, "Empty boasting!" Lu Yu said, "Wait until morning and you will see—where is the boast?" They sent Lu Yu back. Jingjun walked him to the Terrace of Sporting Horses, gazed north at walls and moat, and said, "Defenses like these—how could Wei ever take the city?" Lu Yu replied, "Walls win or lose through men—not through stone." On the road home Lu Yu and Liang Hua renewed their secret pact. In the sixth month, on gengchen, Zong slipped out on foot by night with Liang Hua and Miao Wenchong of Huaiyin and made for Yuan Yu's camp. At dawn the inner gates were still shut and no one knew why, until the Wei soldiers outside shouted, "Your Prince of Yuzhang is already with us—what are you waiting for?" The city searched for the prince in vain, and the army collapsed. The Wei troops entered Pengcheng, chased the Liang forces, retook the lost towns, and withdrew as far as Suyu. "Seven or eight tenths of the officers and men were killed or lost; only Chen Qingzhi brought his command out whole.
85
上聞之，驚駭，有司奏削綜爵士，絕屬籍，更其子直姓悖氏。 未旬日，詔復屬籍，封直為永新侯。
The emperor was appalled. The ministry memorialized to strip Zong of rank and expel him from the clan rolls, changing his son Zhi's surname to Bo. Within ten days an edict restored the clan registers and made Zhi marquis of Yongxin.
86
西豐侯正德自魏還，志行無悛，多聚亡命，夜剽掠殺人於道，以輕車將軍從綜北伐，棄軍輒還。 上積其前後罪惡，免官削爵，徙臨海； 未至，追赦之。
Marquis Zhengde of Xifeng had returned from Wei unchanged, gathering fugitives and murdering travelers by night. He had followed Zong north as general of agile cavalry, then deserted and came home without leave. The emperor tallied his crimes old and new, stripped his office and titles, and banished him toward Linhai; before he arrived a pardon overtook him.
87
綜至洛陽，見魏主，還就館，為齊東昏侯舉哀，服斬衰三年。 太后以下並就館吊之，賞賜禮遇甚厚，拜司空，封高平郡公、丹陽王，更名贊。 以苗文寵、梁話皆為光祿大夫； 封鹿悆為定陶縣子，除員外散騎常侍。
Zong reached Luoyang, was received by the Wei emperor, and in his quarters mourned Qi's deposed emperor Dong Hunhou in the deepest hemp for three years. The empress dowager and the court called to condole; honors flowed. He was made minister of works, duke of Gaoping and prince of Danyang, and renamed Zan. Miao Wenchong and Liang Hua were both named masters of splendor; Lu Yu was created viscount of Dingtao and made supernumerary regular attendant.
88
綜長史濟陽江革、司馬范陽祖□恆之皆為魏所虜，安豐王延明聞其才名，厚遇之。 革稱足疾不拜。 延明使□恆之作《欹器漏刻銘》，革唾罵□恆之曰：「卿荷國厚恩，乃為虜立銘，孤負朝廷！」 延明聞之，令革作《大小寺碑》、《祭彭祖文》，革辭不為。 延明將棰之，革厲色曰：「江革行年六十，今日得死為幸，誓不為人執筆！」 延明知不可屈，乃止； 日給脫粟三升，僅全其生而已。
Zong's chief clerk Jiang Ge of Jiyang and marshal Zu □ Hengzhi of Fanyang were taken by Wei. Yuan Yanming of Anfeng, hearing of their talent, treated them well. Jiang Ge pleaded foot trouble and refused to bow. Yanming set □ Hengzhi to write an inscription for the tilting vessel and water clock. Jiang Ge cursed him: "The state favored you, and you write for the enemy—you betray the court!" Yanming then ordered Jiang Ge to write steles for the great and small temples and a sacrifice to Peng Zu; Jiang Ge refused. Yanming raised a staff to beat him. Jiang Ge said coldly, "I am sixty; to die now would be a mercy—I will never write at your command!" Yanming saw he would not bend and stopped; each day they gave him three pints of husked millet—barely enough to live.
89
上密召夏侯但還，使休兵合肥，俟淮堰成復進。
The emperor secretly recalled Xiahou Dan, rested the army at Hefei, and waited for the Huai dyke to be finished before advancing again.
90
癸未，魏大赦，改元孝昌。
On guiwei Wei declared a general amnesty and proclaimed the era Xiaochang.
91
破六韓拔陵圍魏廣陽王深於五原，軍主賀拔勝募二百人開東門出戰，斬首百餘級，賊稍退。 深拔軍向明州，勝常為殿。 雲州刺史費穆，招撫離散，四面拒敵。 時北境州鎮皆沒，唯雲中一城獨存。 久之，道路阻絕，援軍不至，糧仗俱盡，穆棄城南奔爾朱榮於秀容； 既而詣闕請罪，詔原之。
Poliuhan Baling besieged Yuan Shen, prince of Guangyang, at Wuyuan. Garrison commander Heba Sheng took two hundred men out the east gate, struck, and took more than a hundred heads; the rebels slackened. Shen drew off toward Mingzhou, with Sheng often covering the rear. Fei Mu, governor of Yunzhou, gathered the scattered and fought on every side. Every northern garrison had fallen; only the city of Yunzhong still held. When roads were cut and no relief came, with food and arms gone, Mu abandoned the city and fled south to Erzhu Rong at Xiurong; then he presented himself at court to accept punishment and was pardoned.
92
長流參軍於謹言於廣陽王深曰：「今寇盜蜂起，未易專用武力勝也。 謹請奉大王之威命，諭以禍福，庶幾稍可離也。」 深許之。 謹兼通諸國語，乃單騎詣叛胡營，見其酋長，開示恩信，於是西部鐵勒酋長乜列河等將三萬餘戶南詣深降。 深欲引兵至折敷嶺迎之，謹曰：「破六韓拔陵兵勢甚盛，聞乜列河等來降，必引兵邀之，若先據險要，未易敵也。 不若以乜列河餌之，而伏兵以待之，必可破也。」 深從之，拔陵果引兵邀擊乜列河，盡俘其眾； 伏兵發，拔陵大敗，復得乜列河之眾而還。
Staff officer Yu Jin told Prince Guangyang Shen, "Bandits swarm everywhere—force alone will not end this. Let me ride out under your authority and offer mercy or ruin; many may peel away. Let me ride out under your authority and offer mercy or ruin; many may peel away." Shen agreed. Shen wanted to march to Zhefu Ridge to welcome them. Jin said, "Baling is strong; hearing of the surrender he will intercept. Seize the passes first and he is hard to beat. Better bait him with Yiliehe and ambush—then he can be broken." Shen agreed. Baling did intercept Yiliehe and took all his people; Better offer Yiliehe as bait, hide troops, and strike—then he can be shattered." Shen agreed. Baling did intercept Yiliehe and took all his people; "The Rouran khan Chileantou crushed Poliuhan Baling and beheaded generals such as Kongque.
93
柔然頭兵可汗大破破六韓拔陵，斬其將孔雀等。 拔陵避柔然，南徙渡河。 將軍李叔仁以拔陵稍逼，求援於廣陽王深，深帥眾赴之。 賊前後降附者二十萬人，深與行台元纂表：「乞於恆州北別立郡縣，安置降戶，隨宜賑賚，息其亂心。」 魏朝不從，詔黃門侍郎楊昱分處之於冀、定、瀛三州就食。 深謂纂曰：「此輩復為乞活矣。」
Baling fled the Rouran, moved south, and crossed the river. General Li Shuren, pressed by Baling, begged aid from Prince Guangyang; Shen marched to his relief. Two hundred thousand rebels had surrendered. Shen and commissioner Yuan Zuan memorialized to set up new counties north of Hengzhou to settle them and quiet their hearts. The court refused and ordered Yang Yu to scatter them through Ji, Ding, and Ying to find food. Shen told Zuan, "They will have to beg for their lives again." In autumn, the seventh month, on renxu, there was a general amnesty."
94
秋，七月，壬戌，大赦。
In autumn, the seventh month, on renxu, there was a general amnesty.
95
八月，魏柔玄鎮民杜洛周聚眾反於上谷，改元真王，攻沒郡縣，高歡、蔡俊、尉景及段榮、安定彭樂皆從之。 洛周圍魏燕州刺史博陵崔秉，九月，丙辰，魏以幽州刺史常景兼尚書為行台，與幽州都督元譚討之。 景，爽之孫也。 自盧龍塞至軍都關，皆置兵守險，譚屯居庸關。
Chang Jing was a grandson of Chang Shuang. From Lulong Pass to Jundu Pass troops guarded every defile; Yuan Tan held Juyong Pass. In winter, the tenth month, Tuyuhun attacked Zhao Tian'an; he surrendered and Liangzhou returned to Wei. From Lulong Pass to Jundu Pass troops guarded every defile; Yuan Tan held Juyong Pass.
96
冬，十月，吐谷渾遣兵擊趙天安，天安降，涼州復為魏。
Gao Hui, general who pacifies the west, returning from embassy to the Ephthalites, reached Fuhan.
97
平西將軍高徽奉使厭噠，還，至枹罕。 會河州刺史元祚卒，前刺史梁釗之子景進引莫折念生兵圍其城。 長史元永等推徽行州事，勒兵固守； 景進亦自行州事。 徽請兵於吐谷渾，吐谷渾救之，景進敗走。 徽，湖之孫也。
Governor Yuan Zuo of Hezhou died. Liang Jingjin, son of the former governor Liang Zhao, brought Moqi Niansheng's troops to besiege the city. Chief clerk Yuan Yong and others made Gao Hui acting governor and held the walls; Jingjin claimed the governorship as well. Gao Hui called on Tuyuhun; they came, Jingjin was beaten, and fled. Gao Hui was a grandson of Gao Hu. Gao Hui was a grandson of Gao Hu.
98
魏方有事西北，二荊、西郢群蠻皆反，斷三鴉路，殺都督，寇掠，北至襄城。 汝水有冉氏、向氏、田氏，種落最盛，其餘大者萬家，小者千室，各稱王侯，屯據險要，道路不通。 十二月，壬午，魏主下詔曰：「朕將親御六師，掃蕩逋穢，今先討荊蠻，疆理南服。」 時群蠻引梁將曹義宗等圍魏荊州，魏都督崔暹將兵數萬救之，至魯陽，不敢進。 魏更以臨淮王彧為征南大將軍，將兵討魯陽蠻，司空長史辛雄為行台左丞，東趣葉城。 別遣征虜將軍裴衍、恆農太守京兆王羆將兵一萬，自武關出通三鴉路，以救荊州。
Along the Ru lived the Ran, Xiang, and Tian— the strongest tribes; others, ten thousand households or a thousand, each styled themselves kings and lords, holding the passes so no road was open. In the twelfth month, on renwu, the Wei emperor proclaimed, "I will lead the six armies to sweep away the rebels; first I strike the Jing barbarians and settle the south." The barbarians called in Liang generals such as Cao Yizong to besiege Jingzhou. Cui Xian marched with tens of thousands to relieve it but halted at Luyang, afraid to go on. Wei again made Yuan Yu of Linhuai general who campaigns south against the Luyang tribes, with Xin Xiong, chief clerk of the Secretariat, as eastern-route aide, marching on Yecheng. Separately Pei Yan, general who subdues the barbarians, and Yuan Pi of Jingzhao, administrator of Hengnong, were sent with ten thousand men through Wuguan to reopen the Sanya road and save Jingzhou. "Before Pei Yan arrived, Yu was already on the upper Ru; harried districts begged for help, but Yu, citing different routes, would not move."
99
衍等未至，彧軍已屯汝上，州郡被蠻寇者爭來請救，彧以處分道別，不欲應之。 辛雄曰：「今裴衍未至，王士眾已集，蠻左唐突，撓亂近畿，王秉麾閫外，見可而進，何論別道！」 彧恐後有得失之責，邀雄符下。 雄以群蠻聞魏主將自出，心必震動，可乘勢破也，遂符彧軍，令速赴擊。 群蠻聞之，果散走。
Xin Xiong said, "Pei Yan is not here yet, but your force is ready and the barbarians swagger at the capital's doorstep. You command beyond the passes—strike when you see your chance; why quibble over routes?" Yu feared blame for failure and asked Xin Xiong to issue sealed orders. Xin Xiong judged that news the emperor would march in person would shake them; he sealed orders for Yu to attack at once. " The tribes called in Liang generals such as Cao Yizong to besiege Jingzhou. Cui Xian marched with tens of thousands to relieve it but halted at Luyang, afraid to advance. "When the barbarians heard, they broke and ran.
100
魏主欲自出討賊，中書令袁翻諫而止。 辛雄自軍中上疏曰：「凡人所以臨陳忘身，觸白刃而不憚者，一求榮名，二貪重賞，三畏刑罰，四避禍難。 非此數者，雖聖王不能使其臣，慈父不能厲其子矣。 明主深知其情，故賞必行，罰必信，使親疏貴賤勇怯賢愚，聞鐘鼓之聲，見旌旗之列，莫不奮激，競赴敵場，豈懨久生而樂速死哉？ 利害懸於前，欲罷不能耳。 自秦、隴逆節，蠻左亂常，已歷數載，凡在戎役數十萬人，扞御三方之師，敗多勝少，跡其所由，皆不明賞罰之故也。 陛下雖降明詔，賞不移時，然將士之勳，歷稔不決，亡軍之卒，晏然在家，是使節士無所勸慕，庸人無所畏懾； 進而擊賊，死交而賞賒，退而逃散，身全而無罪，此其所以望敵奔沮，不肯盡力者也。 陛下誠能號令必信，賞罰必行，則軍威必張，盜賊必息矣。」 疏奏，不省。
The Wei emperor meant to take the field himself; Yuan Fan, director of the Secretariat, dissuaded him. From camp Xin Xiong memorialized: "Men face death in battle for fame, for reward, for fear of punishment, or to escape disaster— without these, neither sage king nor loving father can move them. A wise ruler knows this and makes rewards sure and punishments real, so all who hear the drums and see the banners rush to fight—not because they love death. Gain and loss stare them in the face; they cannot stand down. Since the Qin-Long rebels and southern tribes rose, years have passed and hundreds of thousands have served on three fronts, losing more than they win—all because rewards and punishments are unclear. Your edicts promise swift reward, yet merit goes unpaid for years and men of broken armies sit safely at home—so the brave have no model and the timid no fear; they die fighting for pay that never comes, while deserters go unpunished—so they hang back. If Your Majesty makes command and punishment certain, the army will stand firm and the bandits fade." The memorial went in and was ignored.
101
曹義宗等取魏順陽、馬圈，與裴衍等戰於淅陽，義宗等敗退。 衍等復取順陽，進圍馬圈。 洛州刺史董紹以馬圈城堅，衍等糧少，上書言其必敗。 未幾，義宗擊衍等，破之，復取順陽。 魏以王羆為荊州刺史。
Cao Yizong took Shunyang and Maquan, fought Pei Yan at Xiyang, was beaten, and withdrew. Pei Yan's force retook Shunyang and pressed the siege of Maquan. Dong Shao, governor of Luozhou, wrote that Maquan was too strong and Pei Yan too short of food—he was bound to lose. Soon Cao Yizong struck Pei Yan, routed him, and retook Shunyang. Wei named Wang Pi governor of Jingzhou.
102
邵陵王綸攝南徐州事，在州喜怒不恆，肆行非法。 遨遊市裡，問賣□旦者曰：「刺史何如？」 對言：「躁虐。」 綸怒，令吞□旦而死。 百姓惶駭，道路以目。 嘗逢喪車，奪孝子服而著之，匍匐號叫。 簽帥懼罪，密以聞。 上始嚴責，綸不能改，於是遣代。 綸悖慢逾甚，乃取一老公短瘦類上者，加以袞冕，置之高坐，朝以為君，自陳無罪； 使就坐剝褫，捶之於庭。 又作新棺，貯司馬崔會意，以□車輓歌為送葬之法，使嫗乘車悲號。 會意不能堪，輕騎還都以聞。 上恐其奔逸，以禁兵取之，將於獄賜盡，太子統流涕固諫，得免，戊子，免綸官，削爵土。
Prince Lun of Shaoling held southern Xuzhou and ruled by whim, breaking the law at will. Roaming the markets, he asked a vendor of □dan, "What do you think of the inspector?" The man answered, "Cruel and violent." Lun flew into a rage and made him swallow □dan until he died. The people were terrified; travelers only dared look at one another. Once he met a funeral procession, snatched the mourner's hemp garments, put them on, and crawled wailing. The chief clerk, fearing punishment, reported it in secret. The emperor rebuked him sharply, but Lun would not mend his ways, and was recalled. Lun grew more defiant still. He found a short, thin old man who resembled the emperor, dressed him in imperial regalia, set him on a high seat, bowed to him as ruler, and proclaimed his own innocence; then had the man stripped in the hall and beaten in the courtyard. He built a new coffin, shut Marshal Cui Huiyi inside, staged a mock funeral with a □cart and mourning songs, and set an old woman wailing on the cart. Huiyi could endure no more; he fled lightly on horseback to Jiankang to report it. Fearing flight, the emperor sent guards to seize him and ordered death in prison. Crown Prince Tong wept and pleaded until the sentence was lifted. On wuzi, Lun was dismissed and stripped of title and lands.
103
魏山胡劉蠡升反，自稱天子，置百官。
Liu Lisheng of the Wei Shan-Hu rebelled, declared himself emperor, and set up a full bureaucracy.
104
初，敕勒酋長斛律金事懷朔鎮將楊鈞為軍主，行兵用匈奴法，望塵知馬步多少，嗅地知軍遠近。 及破六韓拔陵反，金擁眾歸之，拔陵署金為王。 既而知拔陵終無所成，乃詣雲州降。 仍稍引其眾南出黃瓜堆，為杜洛周所破，脫身歸爾朱榮，榮以為別將。
Long ago the Chile chief Helu Jin served under Yang Jun, commander of Huaishuo Garrison, using Xiongnu scouting arts—reading dust for numbers of horse and foot, scenting earth for an army's distance. When Poliuhan Baling rose, Jin brought his tribes to him and Baling made him king. Seeing Baling would never prevail, he went to Yunzhou and submitted. He then led his people south past Huangguadui, was broken by Du Luozhou, escaped to Erzhu Rong, and was made a detached general.