1
資治通鑑第159卷
Comprehensive Mirror in Aid of Governance, Volume 159
2
【梁紀十五】起旃蒙赤奮若，盡柔兆攝提格，凡二年。
[Liang Records 15] The span runs from Zhanmeng Chifenruo through Rouzhao Shotige—two years in all.
3
高祖武皇帝十五大同十一年（ 乙丑，公元五四五年）
Emperor Wu of Liang, fifteenth year of Datong ( yichou, AD 545)
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春，正月，丙申，東魏遣兼散騎常侍李獎來聘。
In spring, the first month, on bingchen, Eastern Wei sent Acting Palace Attendant Li Jiang on a friendly mission.
5
東魏儀同爾朱文暢與丞相司馬任冑、都督鄭仲禮等，謀因正月望夜觀打簇戲作亂，殺丞相歡，奉文暢為主。 事洩，皆死。 文暢，榮之子也； 其姊，敬宗之後，及仲禮姊大車，皆為歡妾，有寵，故其兄弟皆不坐。
Eastern Wei's Erzhu Wenchang, Chancellor Gao Huan's marshal Ren Zhou, Commissioner Zheng Zhongli, and others plotted a Lantern-night rising during the fireworks show: kill Gao Huan and make Wenchang ruler. The plot leaked; all were executed. Wenchang was Erzhu Rong's son. His sister, a descendant of Jingzong, and Zhongli's elder sister Dache were all Gao Huan's favored concubines, so their brothers went unpunished.
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歡上書言：「并州，軍器所聚，動須女功，請置宮以處配沒之口； 又納吐谷渾之女以招懷之。」 丁未，置晉陽宮。 二月，庚申，東魏主納吐谷渾可汗從妹為容華。
Gao Huan memorialized: "Bingzhou is where the arsenals gather and women's labor is always needed. I ask that a palace be established for persons taken in confiscations; and that a Tuyuhun woman be taken in marriage to win them over." On dingwei the Jinyang Palace was established. In the second month, on gengshen, the Eastern Wei emperor took a cousin of the Tuyuhun khan as Ronghua.
7
魏丞相泰遣酒泉胡安諾槃陀始通使於突厥。 突厥本西方小國，姓阿史那氏，世居金山之陽，為柔然鐵工。 至其酋長土門，始強大，頗侵魏西邊。 安諾槃陀至，其國人皆喜曰：「大國使者至，吾國其將興矣！」
Yuwen Tai sent the Jiuquan Hu Anuopantuo as the first envoy to the Turks. The Turks were originally a small western people of the Ashina clan; for generations they lived south of Gold Mountain and smithied iron for the Rouran. Under their chieftain Tumen they first grew strong and raided Western Wei's western marches. When Anuopantuo arrived, the Turks rejoiced: "An envoy of a great power has come—our realm will rise!"
8
三月，乙未，東魏丞相歡入朝於鄴，百官迎於紫陌。 歡握崔暹手而勞之曰：「往日朝廷豈無法官，莫肯糾劾。 中尉盡心徇國，不避豪強，遂使遠邇肅清。 衝鋒陷陣，大有其人； 當官正色，今始見之。 富貴乃中尉自取，高歡父子無以相報。」 賜暹良馬。 暹拜，馬驚走，歡親擁之，授以轡。 東魏主宴於華林園，使歡擇朝廷公直者勸之酒； 歡降階跪曰：「唯暹一人可勸，並請以臣所射賜物千段賜之。」 高澄退，謂暹曰：「我尚畏羨，何況餘人！」 然暹中懷頗挾巧詐。 初，魏高陽王斌有庶妹玉儀，不為其家所齒，為孫騰妓，騰又棄之； 高澄遇諸塗，悅而納之，遂有殊寵，封琅邪公主。 澄謂崔季舒曰：「崔暹必造直諫，我亦有以待之。」 及暹咨事，澄不復假以顏色。 居三日，暹懷刺墜之於前。 澄問：「何用此為？」 暹悚然曰：「未得通公主。」 澄大悅，把暹臂，入見之。 季舒語人曰：「崔暹常忿吾佞，在大將軍前，每言叔父可殺； 及其自作，乃過於吾。」
In the third month, on yimao, Gao Huan entered court at Ye; the officials welcomed him at Zimo. Gao Huan took Cui Xuan's hand and praised him: "The court always had law officers—none would impeach. The Commandant gave his heart to the state and did not spare the powerful, until far and near were clean. Men who charge breaches and break arrays—there are many; but to hold office with an upright countenance—only now do I see it. Wealth and rank the Commandant earns himself; Gao Huan and his sons have no way to repay him." He gave Xuan a fine horse. Xuan bowed; the horse bolted; Gao Huan himself caught him and gave him the reins. The Eastern Wei emperor feasted at Hualin Garden and had Gao Huan choose upright courtiers to toast him; Gao Huan came down the steps, knelt, and said: "Only Xuan is fit to toast; I also ask that the thousand lengths of my archery prizes be given him." Gao Cheng withdrew and told Xuan: "Even I still fear envy—how much more the rest!" Yet Xuan inwardly carried a good deal of crafty deceit. Earlier, Western Wei's Prince of Gaoyang, Bin, had a concubine-born sister Yuyi whom the family disdained; she became Sun Teng's courtesan, and Teng cast her off; Gao Cheng met her on the road, was taken with her, and took her in; she won special favor and was made Princess of Langye. Cheng told Cui Jishu: "Cui Xuan is sure to remonstrate bluntly; I have a way to wait for him too." When Xuan came to consult, Cheng no longer gave him a pleasant face. After three days Xuan let a dagger fall before him. Cheng asked: "What is this for?" Xuan said fearfully: "I have not yet been presented to the Princess." Cheng was delighted, took Xuan's arm, and led him in to see her. Jishu told others: "Cui Xuan always hated my flattery; before the Great General he often said my uncle deserved death; when he did it himself, he outdid me."
9
夏，五月，甲辰，東魏大赦。
In summer, the fifth month, on jiachen, Eastern Wei proclaimed a general amnesty.
10
魏王盟卒。
Western Wei's Prince Meng died.
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晉氏以來，文章競為浮華，魏丞相泰欲革其弊。 六月，丁巳，魏主饗太廟。 泰命大行台度支尚書、領著作蘇綽作《大誥》，宣示群臣，戒以政事； 仍命「自今文章皆依此體。」
Since Jin times, writing had vied in florid ornament; Yuwen Tai wished to reform it. In the sixth month, on dingsi, the Western Wei emperor feasted at the imperial temple. Yuwen Tai ordered Su Chuo, fiscal minister of the Grand Secretariat and concurrent historiographer, to compose the "Great Admonition," display it to the ministers, and warn them on government; He also ordered: "From now on all writings shall follow this style."
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上遣交州刺史楊瞟討李賁，以陳霸先為司馬； 命定州刺史蕭勃會瞟於西江。 勃知軍士憚遠役，因詭說留瞟。 瞟集諸將問計，霸先曰：「交趾叛換，罪由宗室，遂使溷亂數州，逋誅累歲。 定州欲偷安目前，不顧大計。 節下奉辭伐罪，當死生以之。 豈可逗撓不進，長寇沮眾也！」 遂勒兵先發。 瞟以霸先為前鋒。 至交州，賁帥眾三萬拒之，敗於朱鳶，又敗於蘇歷江口。 賁奔嘉寧城，諸軍進圍之。 勃，昺之子也。
The Liang emperor sent Jiaozhou Inspector Yang Biao against Li Ben and made Chen Baxian marshal; He ordered Dingzhou Inspector Xiao Bo to join Biao at Xijiang. Bo knew the troops dreaded a distant campaign and used deceit to hold Biao back. Biao gathered the generals for counsel. Baxian said: "Jiaozhi rebels; the fault lies with the imperial clan, and several provinces have been in turmoil while the court has failed to punish for years. Dingzhou wants comfort for the moment and ignores the larger plan. Your command bears the mandate to punish crime—we should stake our lives on it. How can we hang back and not advance, feeding the rebel and breaking the army's heart!" He then led the troops out first. Biao made Baxian his vanguard. At Jiaozhou, Ben led thirty thousand to resist; he was beaten at Zhuyuan and again at the mouth of the Suli River. Ben fled to Jianing; the armies advanced to besiege it. Bo was the son of Biao.
13
魏與柔然頭兵可汗謀連兵伐東魏，丞相歡患之，遣行台郎中杜弼使於柔然，為世子澄求婚。 頭兵曰：「高王自娶則可。」 歡猶豫未決。 婁妃曰：「國家大計，願勿疑也。」 世子澄、尉景亦勸之。 歡乃遣鎮南將軍慕容儼聘之，號曰蠕蠕公主。 秋，八月，歡親迎於下館。 公主至，婁妃避正室以處之； 歡跪而拜謝，妃曰：「彼將覺之，願絕勿顧。」 頭兵使其弟禿突佳來送女，且報聘； 仍戒曰：「待見外孫乃歸。」 公主性嚴毅，終身不肯華言。 歡嘗病，不得往，禿突佳怨恚，歡輿疾就之。
Western Wei and the Rouran khan Toubing plotted a joint attack on Eastern Wei. Gao Huan, alarmed, sent Secretariat Lang Du Bi to the Rouran to seek a bride for heir Cheng. Toubing said: "If King Gao takes her himself, very well." Gao Huan hesitated. Consort Lou said: "This is the state's great plan—do not doubt." Heir Cheng and Wei Jing also urged him. Gao Huan then sent Murong Yan, Suppressing-the-South General, to betroth her as the Rouran Princess. In autumn, the eighth month, Gao Huan personally welcomed her at Xiaguan. When the princess arrived, Consort Lou vacated the main chamber for her; Gao Huan knelt to thank her; the consort said: "She will notice—cut off all attention." Toubing sent his brother Tutujia to escort his daughter and return the visit; He also warned: "Do not return until you have seen your grandson." The princess was stern by nature and all her life refused to speak Chinese. Gao Huan once fell ill and could not visit; Tutujia was resentful; Gao Huan rode out while ill to see him.
14
冬，十月，乙未，詔有罪者復聽入贖。
In winter, the tenth month, on yimao, an edict again allowed criminals to buy off punishment.
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東魏遣中書舍人尉瑾來聘。 乙未，東魏丞相歡請釋邙山俘囚桎梏，配以民間寡婦。
Eastern Wei sent Secretariat Attendant Yu Jin on a friendly mission. On yimao, Gao Huan asked to free the Mangshan prisoners from shackles and give them widows from among the people.
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十二月，東魏以侯景為司徒，中書令韓軌為司空； 戊子，以孫騰錄尚書事。
In the twelfth month, Eastern Wei made Hou Jing Minister over the Masses and Han Gui Minister of Works; On wuzi, Sun Teng was made Director of the Masters of Writing.
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魏築圜丘於城南。
Western Wei built a Round Mound south of the city.
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散騎常侍賀琛啟陳四事：其一以為「今北邊稽服，正是生聚教議之時，而天下戶口減落，關外彌甚。 郡不堪州之控總，縣不堪郡之裒削，更相呼擾，惟事征斂。 民不堪命，各務流移，此豈非牧守之過歟！ 東境戶口空虛，皆由使命繁數，窮幽極遠，無不皆至，每有一使，所屬搔擾，駑困邑宰，則拱手聽其漁獵，桀黠長吏，又因之重為貪殘，縱有廉平，郡猶掣肘。 如此，雖年降復業之詔，屢下蠲賦之恩，而民不得反其居也。」 其二以為「今天下守宰所以貪殘，良由風俗侈靡使之然也。 今之燕喜，相競誇豪，積果如丘陵，列餚同綺繡，露台之產，不週一燕之資，而賓主之間，裁取滿腹，未及下堂，已同臭腐。 又，畜妓之夫，無有等秩，為吏牧民者，致貲巨億，罷歸之日，不支數年，率皆盡於燕飲之物、歌謠之具。 所費事等丘山，為歡止在俄頃，乃更追恨向所取之少； 如復傅翼，增其搏噬，一何悖哉！ 其餘淫侈，著之凡百，習以成俗，日見滋甚。 欲使人守廉白，安可得邪！ 誠宜嚴為禁制，導以節儉，糾奏浮華，變其耳目。 夫失節之嗟，亦民所自患，正恥不能及群，故勉強而為之； 苟以淳素為先，足正雕流之弊矣。」 其三以為「陛下憂念四海，不憚勤勞，至於百司，莫不奏事。 但斗筲之人，既得伏奏帷扆，便欲詭競求進，不論國之大體，心存明恕； 惟務吹毛求疵，擘肌分理，以深刻為能，以繩逐為務。 跡雖似於奉公，事更成其威福，犯罪者多，巧避滋甚，長弊增奸，實由於此。 誠願責其公平之效，黜其讒慝之心，則下安上謐，無徼幸之患矣。」 其四以為「今天下無事，而猶日不暇給，宜省事、息費，事省則民養，費息則財聚。 應內省職掌各檢所部：凡京師治、署、邸、肆及國容、戎備，四方屯、傳、邸治，有所宜除，除之，有所宜減，減之； 興造有非急者，徵求有可緩者，皆宜停省，以息費休民。 故畜其財者，所以大用之也； 養其民者，所以大役之也。 若言小事不足害財，則終年不息矣； 以小役不足妨民，則終年不止矣。 如此，則難可以語富強而圖遠大矣。」
Palace Attendant He Chen submitted four memorials. The first argued that "with the north now subdued, this should be a time to gather people and teach—but registers are shrinking everywhere, and beyond the passes the loss is worse. Commanderies cannot bear provincial control; counties cannot bear commandery exactions; they harass one another and do nothing but levy. The people cannot bear their lot and flee—is this not the fault of local officials! The east is hollowed out because envoys are too many—no corner too remote. Every envoy ravages his route; worn magistrates fold their hands while he plunders; crafty chiefs use him to plunder again. Even an honest man finds the commandery tugging his sleeve. So though edicts year after year call people home and tax relief is granted again and again, they cannot return." The second held that "today's greedy magistrates are made so by extravagant custom. At feasts they vie in display: fruit heaped like hills, dishes like brocade; a terrace garden's yield will not pay for one banquet, yet host and guest eat only their fill—before they leave the hall it is rot. Men who keep courtesans know no rank; officials who rule the people amass fortunes, and within years of leaving office it is all gone on feasts and music. They spend like mountains; the joy lasts a moment—then they regret they took too little before; give them wings and they bite harder—how perverse! The rest of debauchery, in a hundred forms, has become custom and worsens daily. To expect integrity—how can you have it! Forbid it strictly, guide by frugality, impeach display, and change what they see. People suffer from lost restraint too—they are ashamed not to keep up and force themselves; put simplicity first and you can correct carved display." The third held that "Your Majesty cares for all under heaven and toils without shrinking; every office memorializes. But petty men, once they can speak before the curtain, compete by tricks; they ignore the state's great body and forget magnanimity; they split hairs and divide fibers, take harshness for talent, and drive people with the rope. It looks like public service but only swells their power; crime multiplies and evasion grows—long abuse and added treachery come from this. Demand fairness, dismiss malice—then below is secure and above tranquil, without lucky gambles." The fourth held that "the realm is at peace yet there is no leisure; reduce affairs and still expenses—reduce affairs and the people are fed; still expenses and wealth gathers. Each office should inspect its charge: capital offices, lodges, markets, regalia, armaments; frontier posts and stations—abolish what should go, reduce what should shrink; halt non-urgent construction and delayable levies to still expense and rest the people. Store wealth to use it greatly; nourish the people to employ them greatly. If you say small matters cannot harm wealth, there is no ceasing all year; if small corvée cannot harm the people, there is no stopping all year. Then you cannot speak of enriching the state, strong armies, or far-reaching plans."
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啟奏，上大怒，召主書於前，口授敕書以責琛。 大指以為：「朕有天下四十餘年，公車讜言，日關聽覽，所陳之事，與卿不異，每苦倥傯，更增惛惑。 卿不宜自同闒茸，止取名字，宣之行路，言『我能上事，恨朝廷之不用』。 何不分別顯言：某刺史橫暴，某太守貪殘，尚書、蘭台某人奸猾，使者漁獵，並何姓名？ 取與者誰？ 明言其事，得以誅黜，更擇材良。 又，士民飲食過差，若加嚴禁，密房曲屋，雲何可知？ 倘家家搜檢，恐益增苛擾。 若指朝廷，我無此事。 昔之牲牢，久不宰殺，朝中會同，菜蔬而已； 若復減此，必有《蟋蟀》之譏。 若以為功德事者，皆是園中之物，變一瓜為數十種，治一菜為數十味； 以變故多，何損於事！
When the memorial arrived, the emperor was furious; he summoned the chief clerks and dictated an edict reproaching Chen. The gist was: "I have held the realm forty years; remonstrance reaches me daily. What you say I already hear—I am only vexed and grow more confused. Do not act the vulgar partisan, make a name for yourself, and proclaim in the streets, 'I can memorialize to the throne—pity the court will not employ me.' Why not name them plainly: which governor is violent, which prefect greedy, which minister or Secretariat man crafty, which envoy plunders—what are their names? Who gives and who takes? State it plainly so they can be punished and better men chosen. If gentry and people exceed in food and drink—strict prohibition in hidden rooms, how would you know? Search every house and you only add harassment. If you mean the court—I have no such thing. Long ago we stopped slaughtering sacrificial beasts; court gatherings use only vegetables; reduce that further and you invite the reproach of the "Crickets." If you think merit feasts are only garden stuff—one melon into dozens of dishes, one vegetable into dozens of flavors— with so many changes, what harm is done!
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「我自非公宴，不食國家之食，多歷年所； 乃至宮人，亦不食國家之食。 凡所營造，不關材官及以國匠，皆資雇藉以成其事。 勇怯不同，貪廉各用，亦非朝廷為之傅翼。 卿以朝廷為悖，乃自甘之，當思致悖所以！ 卿云『宜導之以節儉』，朕絕房室三十餘年，至於居處不過一床之地，雕飾之物不入於宮； 受生不飲酒，不好音聲，所以朝中曲宴，未嘗奏樂，此群賢之所見也。 朕三更出治事，隨事多少，事少午前得竟，事多日昃方食，日常一食，若晝若夜； 昔要腹過於十圍，今之瘦削裁二尺餘，舊帶猶存，非為妄說。 為誰為之？ 救物故也。
"Unless it is a public feast, I do not eat the state's food—many years now; even palace women do not eat the state's food. All my building uses hired labor, not the materials office or state craftsmen. Brave and timid differ; greedy and honest each have their place—the court does not give them wings for that. You call the court perverse yet take your ease—you should ask what makes perverseness! You say guide by frugality—I have closed the inner quarters thirty years; my dwelling is one bed's space; carved ornament does not enter the palace; I do not drink, I do not love music; at court feasts there is no music—the worthies have seen it. I rise at the third watch; few affairs I finish before noon, many I eat at sundown—one meal, day or night; once my waist was ten spans; now I am barely two feet round—the old belt still proves it. For whom? To save living things.
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「卿又曰『百司莫不奏事，詭競求進』，今不使外人呈事，誰屍其任！ 專委之人，雲何可得？ 古人云：『專聽生奸，獨任成亂。』 二世之委趙高，元後之付王莽，呼鹿為馬，又可法歟？ 卿云『吹毛求疵』，復是何人？ 『擘肌分理』，復是何事？ 治、署、邸、肆等，何者宜除？ 何者宜減？ 何處興造非急？ 何處徵求可緩？ 各出其事，具以奏聞！ 富國強兵之術，息民省役之宜，並宜具列！ 若不具列，則是欺罔朝廷。 佇聞重奏，當復省覽，付之尚書，班下海內，庶惟新之美，復見今日。」 琛但謝過而已，不敢復言。
"You say every office memorializes and competes by tricks—if outsiders may not present affairs, who bears the burden! Entrust all to one man—how can you have him? The ancients said: "Sole hearing breeds treachery; sole trust breeds chaos." The Second Emperor entrusted Zhao Gao; Yuanshi entrusted Wang Mang—calling a deer a horse—is that law? You say "splitting hairs"—who? "Dividing fibers"—what affair? Which offices, lodges, and markets should go? Which should be cut? Where is construction not urgent? Where may levies wait? Set out each and memorialize in full! List every method to enrich the state, strengthen the army, and rest the people! If you do not list them, you deceive the court. I await your renewed memorial, will examine it, send it to the Masters of Writing, and promulgate it—may renewal appear again today." Chen only apologized and dared not speak again.
22
上為孝教慈恭儉，博學能文，陰陽、卜筮、騎射、聲律、草隸、圍棋，無不精妙。 勤於政務，冬月四更竟，即起視事，執筆觸寒，手為皴裂。 自天監中用釋氏法，長齋斷魚肉，日止一食，惟菜羹，糲飯而已，或遇事繁，日移中則嗽口以過。 身衣布衣，木綿皁帳，一冠三載，一衾二年，後宮貴妃以下，衣不曳地。 性不飲酒，非宗廟祭祀、大饗宴及諸法事，未嘗作樂。 雖居暗室，恆理衣冠，小坐盛暑，未嘗褰袒。 對內豎小臣，如遇大賓。 然優假士人太過，牧守多浸漁百姓，使者干擾郡縣。 又好親任小人，頗復苛察。 多造塔廟，公私費損。 江南久安，風俗奢靡。 故琛啟及之。 上惡其觸實，故怒。
The emperor was filial, kind, respectful, and frugal, broadly learned and skilled in writing; yin-yang, divination, riding, archery, music, chess, clerical script, and go—none beyond him. He was diligent: in winter he worked until the fourth watch and rose again; in the cold his hands cracked on the brush. From Tianjian he used Buddhist practice—long fasts without meat, one meal of vegetable broth and coarse rice; busy days he rinsed his mouth past noon and passed. He wore cloth, cotton bedding, black curtains; one cap three years, one quilt two years; consorts and below wore hems that did not touch the ground. He did not drink; except for temple sacrifice, great feasts, and rites, he never had music. Even in a dark room he dressed properly; in summer heat he never bared his shoulders. Toward eunuchs and minor servants he was as toward great guests. Yet he favored scholars too much; governors often preyed on the people; envoys harassed the districts. He also liked to trust petty men and was harsh in scrutiny. He built many pagodas and temples at great public and private cost. The south had long been at peace; customs had grown extravagant. Therefore Chen's memorial touched on it. The emperor hated that it struck truth, and was angry.
23
臣光曰：梁高祖之不終也，宜哉！ 夫人主聽納之失，在於叢脞； 人臣獻替之病，在於煩碎。 是以明主守要道以御萬機之本，忠臣陳大體以格君心之非。 故身不勞而收功遠，言至約而為益大也。 觀夫賀琛之諫亦未至於切直，而高祖已赫然震怒，護其所短，矜其所長； 詰貪暴之主名，問勞費之條目，困以難對之狀，責以必窮之辭。 自以蔬食之儉為盛德，日昃之勤為至治，君道已備，無復可加，群臣箴規，舉不足聽。 如此，則自餘切直之言過於琛者，誰敢進哉！ 由是奸佞居前而不見，大謀顛錯而不知，名辱身危，覆邦絕祀，為千古所閔笑，豈不哀哉！
Sima Guang comments: That Liang Gaozu did not finish his course was fitting! A ruler's fault in listening lies in clutter; ministers' fault in remonstrance lies in fineness. The enlightened ruler keeps the essential way to master affairs; the loyal minister states the great body to correct the ruler's heart. The body does not toil yet harvests far; words stay essential yet benefit is great. He Chen's remonstrance was not even cutting, yet Gaozu was already enraged, guarding his faults and boasting his strengths; he demanded names of greedy lords, lists of waste, trapped him with unanswerable conditions, and blamed him into a corner. He took plain food for supreme virtue and sundown labor for perfect rule; in his mind the Way was complete and remonstrance worthless. Who then would dare speak blunter words than Chen! Treacherous men stood before him unseen; great plans failed unknown; disgraced, endangered, state lost, sacrifices ended—mocked for ages: pitiful!
24
上敦尚文雅，疏簡刑法，自公卿大臣，鹹不以鞫獄為意。 奸吏招權弄法，貨賂成市，枉濫者多。 大率二歲刑已上歲至五千人； 徙居作者具五任，其無任者著升械； 若疾病，權解之，是後囚徒或有優、劇。 時王侯子弟，多驕淫不法。 上年老，厭於萬幾。 又專精佛戒，每斷重罪，則終日不懌； 或謀反逆，事覺，亦泣而宥之。 由是王侯益橫，或白晝殺人於都街，或暮夜公行剽掠，有罪亡命者，匿於王家，有司不敢搜捕。 上深知其弊，而溺於慈愛，不能禁也。 魏東陽王榮為瓜州刺史，與其婿鄧彥偕行。 榮卒，瓜州首望表榮子康為刺史，彥殺康而奪其位。 魏不能討，因以彥為刺史，屢征不至，又南通吐谷渾。 丞相泰以道遠難於動眾，欲以計取之，以給事黃門侍郎申徽為河西大使，密令圖彥。 徽以五十騎行，既至，止於賓館； 彥見徽單使，不以為疑。 徽遣人微勸彥歸朝，彥不從； 徽又使贊成其留計，彥信之，遂來至館。 徽先與州主簿敦煌令狐整等密謀，執彥於坐，責而縛之； 因宣詔慰諭吏民，且云「大軍續至」，城中無敢動者，遂送彥於長安。 泰以徽為都官尚書。
He honored letters and was light on penal law; from ministers down, none cared about judging crime. Crafty clerks twisted law; bribes were a market; the wrongly punished were many. Roughly five thousand a year were sentenced to two years or more and sent to the works; those with full corvée went to labor; those without wore foot shackles; if ill, shackles were briefly removed—after that sentences could be light or heavy. Princes' and marquises' sons were mostly arrogant and lawless. The emperor was old and weary of government. He devoted himself to Buddhist precepts; a heavy sentence displeased him all day; even discovered rebellion he wept and pardoned. Princes grew bolder; some killed in daylight on capital streets, plundered by night; fugitives hid in princes' houses and officials dared not search. He knew the evil yet drowned in kindness and could not forbid it. Western Wei's Prince of Dongyang, Rong, was governor of Guazhou and traveled with his son-in-law Deng Yan. Rong died; Guazhou's leading clans nominated his son Kang as governor; Yan killed Kang and seized his post. Western Wei could not punish him and made him governor; repeatedly summoned, he did not come, and also allied south with Tuyuhun. Yuwen Tai, finding the road too far for an army, wished to take him by stratagem and made Shen Hui, Attendant of the Yellow Gate, western-route ambassador to plot against Yan in secret. Hui rode with fifty men; on arrival he lodged at the guest house; Yan saw a lone envoy and did not suspect him. Hui secretly urged Yan to return to court; Yan refused; Hui again had men support his plan to remain; Yan believed them and came to the lodge. Hui had secretly plotted with the commandery recorder Linghu Zheng of Dunhuang and others; they seized Yan at the seat, reproached and bound him; then proclaimed the edict to comfort officials and people and said "the great army follows at once"; the city dared not move, and they sent Yan to Chang'an. Yuwen Tai made Hui Minister of Justice.
25
高祖武皇帝十五中大同元年（ 丙寅，公元五四六年）
Emperor Wu of Liang, fifteenth year, first year of Zhongdatong ( bingyin, AD 546)
26
春，正月，癸丑，楊瞟等克嘉寧城，李賁奔新昌獠中，諸軍頓於江口。
In spring, the first month, on guichou, Yang Biao and the rest took Jianing; Li Ben fled among the Xinchang Liao; the armies camped at the river mouth.
27
二月，魏以義州刺史史寧為涼州刺史。 前刺史宇文仲和據州，不受代，瓜州民張保殺刺史成慶以應之，晉昌民呂興殺太守郭肆，以郡應保。 丞相泰遣太子太保獨孤信、開府儀同三司怡峰與史寧討之。
In the second month, Western Wei made Yizhou Inspector Shi Ning governor of Liangzhou. Former governor Yuwen Zhonghe held the province and would not yield. Guazhou's Zhang Bao killed Governor Cheng Qing in response; Jinchang's Lü Xing killed Prefect Guo Si and joined his commandery to Bao. Yuwen Tai sent Dugu Xin, Crown Prince Grand Tutor, and Yi Feng, Kaifu Yitong Sansi, with Shi Ning to punish them.
28
三月，乙巳，大赦。
In the third month, on yisi, a general amnesty.
29
庚戌，上幸同泰寺，遂停寺省，講《三慧經》。 夏，四月，丙戌，解講，大赦，改元。 是夜，同泰寺浮圖災，上曰：「此魔也，宜廣為法事。」 群臣皆稱善。 乃下詔曰：「道高魔盛，行善鄣生。 當窮茲土木，倍增往日。」 遂起十二層浮圖； 將成，值侯景亂而止。
On gengxu the emperor visited Tongtai Temple, then lodged in the temple compound and lectured on the "Sutra of Three Wisdoms." In summer, the fourth month, on bingxu, the lecture ended; general amnesty; the era name was changed. That night Tongtai Temple's pagoda burned; the emperor said: "This is a demon—we should perform the dharma on a great scale." The ministers all approved. An edict followed: "The Way is high and demons flourish; doing good meets obstruction. Let us exhaust timber and earth, doubling what went before." A twelve-story pagoda was raised; and when it was nearly done, Hou Jing's rebellion stopped the work.
30
魏史寧曉諭涼州吏民，率皆歸附，獨宇文仲和據城不下。 五月，獨孤信使諸將夜攻其東北，自帥壯士襲其西南。 遲明，克之，遂擒仲和。
Shi Ning of Western Wei won over Liang province; all submitted save Yuwen Zhonghe, who held his city. In the fifth month, Dugu Xin sent his generals against the northeast by night and led stalwarts himself against the southwest. At dawn the city fell and Zhonghe was taken.
31
初，張保欲殺州主簿令狐整，以其人望，恐失眾心，雖外相敬，內甚忌之。 整陽為親附，因使人說保曰：「今東軍漸逼涼州，彼勢孤危，恐不能敵，宜急分精銳以救之。 然成敗在於將領，令狐延保，兼資文武，使將兵以往，蔑不濟矣。」 保從之。
At first Zhang Bao wished to kill the registrar Linghu Zheng; fearing the man's standing, he feigned respect while nursing deep resentment. Zheng feigned loyalty and sent word to Bao: "The eastern army presses Liangzhou; they stand alone and may not hold. Divide your best troops at once to save them. Victory rides on the general. Linghu Yanbao has civil and martial gifts—send him with the host and you cannot fail." Bao agreed.
32
整行及玉門，召豪傑述保罪狀，馳還襲之。 先克晉昌，斬呂興； 進擊瓜州，州人素信服整，皆棄保來降，保奔吐谷渾。
Zheng reached Yumen Gate, rallied the bold, proclaimed Bao's crimes, and galloped back to strike him. He took Jinchang first and beheaded Lü Xing; then marched on Guazhou; the people had long trusted Zheng, abandoned Bao, and Bao fled to Tuyuhun.
33
眾議推整為刺史，整曰：「吾屬以張保逆亂，恐闔州之人俱陷不義，故相與討誅之； 今復見推，是傚尤也。」 乃推魏所遣使波斯者張道義行州事，具以狀聞。 丞相泰以申徽為瓜州刺史，召整為壽昌太守，封襄武男。 整帥宗族鄉里三千餘人入朝，從泰征討，累遷驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司，加侍中。
The assembly would make Zheng inspector. Zheng said, "We rose because Zhang Bao rebelled, lest the whole province sink into crime; to accept promotion now is to copy his fault." He set Zhang Daoyi, whom Western Wei had sent to Persia, to govern the province and reported all. Yuwen Tai made Shen Hui inspector of Guazhou, summoned Zheng as governor of Shouchang, and enfeoffed him Baron of Xiangwu. Zheng led more than three thousand kin and neighbors to court, followed Tai on campaign, and rose to Rapid Cavalry General, Opening the Mansion Equal to the Three Dukes, and Palace Attendant.
34
六月，庚子，東魏以司徒侯景為河南大將軍、大行台。
In the sixth month, on gengzi, Eastern Wei made Hou Jing Grand General of Henan and Grand Mobile Headquarters.
35
秋，七月，壬寅，東魏遣散騎常侍元廓來聘。
In autumn, the seventh month, on renyin, Eastern Wei sent Yuan Kuo as envoy.
36
甲子，詔：「犯罪非大逆，父母、祖父母不坐。」 先是，江東唯建康及三吳、荊、郢、江、湘、梁、益用錢，其餘州郡雜以谷帛，交、廣專以金銀為貨。 上自鑄五銖及女錢，二品並行，禁諸古錢。 普通中，更鑄鐵錢。 由是民私鑄者多，物價騰踴，交易者至以車載錢，不復計數。 又自破嶺以東，八十為百，名曰「東錢」； 江、郢以上，七十為百，名曰：「西錢」； 建康以九十為百，名曰「長錢」。 丙寅，詔曰：「朝四暮三，眾狙皆喜，名實未虧而喜怒為用。 頃聞外間多用九陌錢，陌減則物貴，陌足則物賤，非物有貴賤，乃心有顛倒。 至於遠方，日更滋甚，徒亂王制，無益民財。 自今可通用足陌錢！ 令書行後，百日為期，若猶有犯，男子謫運，女子質作，並同三年。」 詔下而人不從，錢陌益少； 至於季年，遂以三十五為百雲。
On jiazi came an edict: "For crimes short of great treason, parents and grandparents shall not be punished." Before this, only Jiankang, the Three Wus, and Jing, Ying, Jiang, Xiang, Liang, and Yi used coin; elsewhere grain and cloth mixed, and Jiao and Guang traded in gold and silver alone. The Liang emperor cast wuzhu and "female" coins, let both circulate, and forbade ancient coin. In the Putong era he cast iron coin anew. Private casting flourished, prices soared, and traders hauled coin by the cartload without counting. East of Poling, eighty passed for a hundred—"eastern coin"; above Jiang and Ying, seventy for a hundred—"western coin"; Jiankang used ninety for a hundred—"long coin." On bingyin an edict said, "Morning four, evening three—the monkeys are pleased; the sum is unchanged, yet joy and anger rule. Lately the outer regions use short tenths: a short tenth makes goods dear, a full tenth cheap—not goods that shift, but hearts turned upside down. In distant places it worsens daily, disordering royal rule without helping the people's wealth. From now let full-tenth coin circulate everywhere! A hundred days after the order; offenders—men to transport labor, women pledged to service—for three years alike." The edict descended and the people did not obey; tenths grew ever shorter; by the late years thirty-five passed for a hundred.
37
上年高，諸子心不相下，互相猜忌。 邵陵王綸為丹楊尹，湘東王繹在江州，武陵王紀在益州，皆權侔人主； 太子綱惡之，常選精兵以衛東宮。 八月，以綸為南徐州刺史。
The Liang emperor was old; his sons would not yield to one another and suspected one another. Prince Lun of Shaoling held Danyang, Prince Yi of Xiangdong Jiangzhou, Prince Ji of Wuling Yizhou—each with power like a sovereign; Crown Prince Gang hated this and kept picked troops to guard the Eastern Palace. In the eighth month, Lun was made inspector of South Xuzhou.
38
東魏丞相歡如鄴。 高澄遷洛陽《石經》五十二碑於鄴。
Gao Huan went to Ye. Gao Cheng moved fifty-two steles of the Luoyang Stone Classics to Ye.
39
魏徙并州刺史王思政為荊州刺史，使之舉諸將可代鎮玉壁者。 思政舉晉州刺史韋孝寬，丞相泰從之。 東魏丞相歡悉舉山東之眾，將伐魏； 癸巳，自鄴會兵於晉陽； 九月，至玉壁，圍之。 以挑西師，西師不出。
Western Wei moved Wang Sizheng from Bingzhou to Jingzhou and had him name a general to hold Yubi in his stead. Sizheng named Wei Xiaokuan of Jinzhou; Yuwen Tai agreed. Gao Huan mustered all Shandong to attack Western Wei; on guisi he gathered troops at Jinyang from Ye; in the ninth month he reached Yubi and besieged it. He meant to draw the western army out; it did not come.
40
李賁復帥眾二萬自獠中出屯典澈湖，大造船艦，充塞湖中。 眾軍憚之，頓湖口，不敢進。 陳霸先謂諸將曰：「我師已老，將士疲勞； 且孤軍無援，入人心腹，若一戰不捷，豈望生全！ 今藉其屢奔，人情未固，夷、獠烏合，易為摧殄。 正當共出百死，決力取之； 無故停留，時事去矣！」 諸將皆默然莫應。 是夜，江水暴起七丈，注湖中。 霸先勒所部兵乘流先進，眾軍鼓噪俱前； 賁眾大潰，竄入屈獠洞中。
Li Ben again led twenty thousand from the Liao to Dianche Lake, built a fleet, and filled the lake. The allied armies feared him, halted at the lake mouth, and dared not advance. Chen Baxian told the generals, "Our army is worn, the men weary; we stand alone without relief, deep in the enemy belly—lose one battle and who lives! They have fled again and again; hearts are not firm; Yi and Liao are a crow flock—easy to break. We should stake our lives together and strike with all our force; to halt for no reason is to let the moment pass!" The generals were silent. That night the river rose seven zhang and poured into the lake. Baxian drove his men forward on the flood; the armies drummed and shouted and advanced; Ben's host broke and fled into the Qu-Liao caves.
41
冬，十月，乙亥，以前東揚州刺史岳陽王察為雍州刺史。 上捨察兄弟而立太子綱，內常愧之，寵亞諸子。 以會稽人物殷阜，故用察兄弟迭為東揚州以慰其心。 察兄弟亦內懷不平。 察以上衰老，朝多秕政，遂蓄聚貨財，折節下士，招募勇敢，左右至數千人。 以襄陽形勝之地，梁業所基，遇亂可以圖大功。 乃克己為政，撫循士民，數施恩惠，延納規諫，所部稱治。
In winter, the tenth month, on yihai, Prince Cha of Yueyang, former inspector of Eastern Yangzhou, was made inspector of Yongzhou. The Liang emperor had passed over Cha and his brothers for Crown Prince Gang and inwardly felt shame, favoring them next to his own sons. Because Kuaiji was rich in men and goods, he rotated Cha and his brothers through Eastern Yangzhou to comfort them. Cha and his brothers also nursed inward discontent. Cha, seeing the emperor aged and the court rotten, hoarded wealth, humbled himself to scholars, recruited the bold, and kept several thousand at his side. Xiangyang was strong ground, the foundation of Liang—when disorder came, great deeds could be plotted. He governed with restraint, comforted scholars and people, showed kindness, welcomed remonstrance, and his district was called well ruled.
42
東魏丞相歡攻玉壁，晝夜不息，魏韋孝寬隨機拒之。 城中無水，汲於汾，歡使移汾，一夕而畢。 歡於城南起土山，欲乘之以入。 城上先有二樓，孝寬縛木接之，令常高於土山以御之。 歡使告之曰：「雖爾縛樓至天，我當穿地取爾。」 乃鑿地為十道，又用術士李業興「孤虛法」，聚攻其北。 北，天險也。 孝寬掘長塹，邀其地道，選戰士屯塹上。 每穿至塹，戰士輒擒殺之。 又於塹外積柴貯火，敵有在地道內者，塞柴投火，以皮排吹之，一鼓皆焦爛。 敵以攻車撞城，車之所及，莫不摧毀，無能御者。 孝寬縫布為幔，隨其所向張之，布既懸空，車不能壞。 敵又縛松、麻於竿，灌油加火以燒布，並欲焚樓。 孝寬作長鉤，利其刃，火竿將至，以鉤遙割之，松、麻俱落。 敵又於城四面穿地為二十道，其中施樑柱，縱火燒之。 柱折，城崩。 孝寬隨崩處豎木柵以扞之，敵不得入。 城外盡攻擊之術，而城中守禦有餘。 孝寬又奪據其土山。 歡無如之何，乃使倉曹參軍祖珽說之曰：「君獨守孤城，而西方無救，恐終不能全，何不降也？」 孝寬報曰：「我城池嚴固，兵食有餘。 攻者自勞，守者常逸，豈有旬朔之間已須救援！ 適憂爾眾有不返之危。 孝寬關西男子，必不為降將軍也！」 珽復謂城中人曰：「韋城主受彼榮祿，或復可爾； 自外軍民，何事相隨入湯火中！」 乃射募格於城中云：「能斬城主降者，拜太尉，封開國郡公，賞帛萬匹。」 孝寬手題書背，返射城外云：「能斬高歡者准此。」 珽，瑩之子也。 東魏苦攻凡五十日，士卒戰及病死者七萬人，共為一塚。 歡智力皆困，因而發疾。 有星墜歡營中，士卒驚懼。 十一月，庚子，解圍去。
Gao Huan attacked Yubi day and night; Wei Xiaokuan of Western Wei met him as occasion demanded. The city had no water and drew from the Fen; Huan diverted the Fen, and in one night it was done. Huan raised an earthen hill south of the city to ride over the wall. Two towers already stood on the wall; Xiaokuan bound timbers to extend them, always keeping them higher than the hill. Huan sent word: "Though you raise your towers to the sky, I will tunnel under and take you." He dug ten tunnels and used Li Yexing's "solitary and void" method, massing attack on the north. The north was heaven's barrier. Xiaokuan dug a long moat to intercept the tunnels and posted warriors on its rim. Whenever a tunnel reached the moat, the warriors seized and killed the diggers. He piled firewood outside the moat; when enemies were in the tunnels, they blocked the mouths, cast fire, and blew with leather bellows—at one blast all were charred. The enemy used battering chariots; wherever they reached, the wall gave way—none could stop them. Xiaokuan sewed cloth curtains and spread them where the chariots aimed; the cloth hung slack and the chariots could not break through. The enemy bound pine and hemp on poles, poured oil, set fire to burn the cloth and the towers. Xiaokuan made long hooks with sharp blades; as the fire poles neared, he cut them from afar—pine and hemp fell together. The enemy dug twenty tunnels on all four sides, set beams within, and burned them. The pillars broke and the wall collapsed. Xiaokuan raised wooden palisades wherever it fell; the enemy could not enter. Every art of attack was spent outside; inside, defense still had surplus. Xiaokuan also seized their earthen hill. Huan could do nothing and sent Zu Ting of the granary registry to say, "You hold a lone city and the west sends no rescue—you cannot hold out; why not surrender?" Xiaokuan replied, "My walls are strong, troops and grain abundant. Attackers weary themselves; defenders rest—how would I need rescue within a fortnight! I only fear your host may not return. Xiaokuan is a Guanxi man—I shall never be a surrendering general!" Ting told the city, "Commandant Wei takes their pay—perhaps that can be forgiven; but you soldiers and civilians—why follow him into fire and boiling water!" He shot a notice into the city: "Behead the commander and surrender—Grand Commandant, Duke of a founding state, ten thousand bolts of silk." Xiaokuan wrote on the back and shot it back: "Behead Gao Huan—same reward." Ting was Ying's son. Eastern Wei attacked for fifty days; seventy thousand fell in battle and sickness and were buried in one mound. Huan's wit and strength were exhausted, and he fell ill. A star fell in Huan's camp; the soldiers were alarmed. In the eleventh month, on gengzi, he lifted the siege and left.
43
先是，歡別使侯景將兵趣齊子嶺，魏建州刺史楊檦鎮車箱，恐其寇邵郡，帥騎御之。 景聞檦至，斫木斷路六十餘里，猶驚而不安，遂還河陽。 庚戌，歡使段韶從太原公洋鎮鄴。 辛亥，征世子澄會晉陽。
Before this, Gao Huan had sent Hou Jing toward Qizi Ridge; Yang Biao of Western Wei held Chexiang, feared a raid on Shao, and led cavalry to meet him. Jing heard Biao was coming, felled trees and blocked the road for sixty li, yet remained uneasy and returned to Heyang. On gengxu, Gao Huan sent Duan Shao with Duke Yang of Taiyuan to guard Ye. On xinhai he summoned the heir apparent Gao Cheng to Jinyang.
44
魏以韋孝寬為驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司，進爵建忠公。 時人以王思政為知人。
Western Wei made Wei Xiaokuan Rapid Cavalry General, Opening the Mansion Equal to the Three Dukes, and Duke of Jianzhong. Men of the time said Wang Sizheng knew men.
45
十二月，己卯，歡以無功，表解都督中外諸軍，東魏主許之。 歡之自玉壁歸也，軍中訛言韋孝寬以定功弩射殺丞相； 魏人聞之，因下令曰：「勁弩一發，凶身自隕。」 歡聞之，勉坐見諸貴，使斛律金作《敕勒歌》，歡自和之，哀感流涕。
In the twelfth month, on jimao, Gao Huan, having achieved nothing, resigned command of all armies; the Eastern Wei emperor permitted it. When Gao Huan returned from Yubi, the army rumored that Wei Xiaokuan had killed the chancellor with a crossbow; Western Wei heard and ordered, "One shot of a strong crossbow—the evil body falls." When Gao Huan heard it, he forced himself to receive the nobles, had Hulu Jin compose the "Song of the Tiele," sang with him, and wept.
46
魏大行台度支尚書、司農卿蘇綽，性忠儉，常以喪亂未平為己任，薦賢拔能，紀綱庶政； 丞相泰推心任之，人莫能間。 或出遊，常預署空紙以授綽； 有須處分，隨事施行，及還，啟知而已。 綽常謂「為國之道，當愛人如慈父，訓人如嚴師。」 每與公卿論議，自晝達夜，事無鉅細，若指諸掌，積勞成疾而卒。 泰深痛惜之，謂公卿曰：「蘇尚書平生廉讓，吾欲全其素志，恐悠悠之徒有所未達； 如厚加贈謚，又乖宿昔相知之心； 何為而可？」 尚書令史麻瑤越次進曰：「儉約，所以彰其美也。」 泰從之。 歸葬武功，載以布車一乘，泰與群公步送出同州郭外。 泰於車後酹酒言曰：「尚書平生為事，妻子兄弟所不知者，吾皆知之。 唯爾知吾心，吾知爾志，方欲共定天下，遽捨吾去，奈何！」 因舉聲慟哭，不覺卮落於手。
Su Chuo of Western Wei's grand mobile headquarters was loyal and frugal by nature, took the unsettled realm as his charge, raised the worthy, and ordered the hundred affairs; Yuwen Tai trusted him with an open heart and none could come between. When he went touring he often pre-signed blank papers for Chuo; Chuo disposed as needed, and on return merely reported—that was all. Chuo often said, "To govern a state is to love the people as a father and instruct them as a stern teacher." Whenever he debated with ministers, from day through night, nothing great or small escaped him; labor piled into illness and he died. Tai mourned him deeply and told the ministers, "Director Su was modest all his life; I wish to preserve his plain intent, yet fear the idle crowd may not understand; rich posthumous gifts and titles would betray the heart of long acquaintance; what can be done?" Clerk Ma Yao stepped forward and said, "Frugality displays his excellence." Tai followed this. He was buried at Wugong on a single cloth cart; Tai and the lords walked with him beyond Tong province's wall. Tai poured libation behind the cart and said, "What Director did in life, unknown to wife and brothers—I knew it all. Only you knew my heart, I knew your aim—we were about to settle the realm, and you leave me—what can I do!" He wept aloud, and the cup fell from his hand unheeded.
47
東魏司徒、河南大將軍、大行台侯景，右足偏短，弓馬非其長，而多謀算。 諸將高敖曹、彭樂等皆勇冠一時，景常輕之，曰：「此屬皆如豕突，勢何所至！」 景嘗言於丞相歡：「願得兵三萬，橫行天下，要須濟江縛取蕭衍老公、以為太平寺主。」 歡使將兵十萬，專制河南，杖任若己之半體。
Hou Jing of Eastern Wei—Minister of Works, Grand General of Henan, Grand Mobile Headquarters—had a shortened right foot; bow and horse were not his gifts, but stratagem was. Gao Aocao, Peng Le, and the rest were bravest of their age; Jing often held them light and said, "These are pigs charging—how far can they go!" Jing once told Gao Huan, "Give me thirty thousand men and I will sweep the realm—cross the river, bind the old man Xiao Yan, and make him abbot of Taiping Temple." Huan gave him a hundred thousand men and sole rule of Henan, staff and trust like half his body.
48
景素輕高澄，嘗謂司馬子如曰：「高王在，吾不敢有異； 王沒，吾不能與鮮卑小兒共事！」 子如掩其口。 及歡疾篤，澄詐為歡書以召景。 先是，景與歡約曰：「今握兵在遠，人易為詐，所賜書皆請加微點。」 歡從之。 景得書無點，辭不至； 又聞歡疾篤，用其行台郎穎川王偉計，遂擁兵自固。
Jing had long held Gao Cheng light and once told Sima Ziru, "While the King of Gao lives I dare not differ; when he is gone I cannot serve a Xianbei stripling!" Ziru covered his mouth. When Gao Huan's illness grew grave, Gao Cheng forged his hand to summon Jing. Before this, Jing and Huan had agreed, "Holding troops afar, men easily deceive—mark every letter with a small dot." Huan agreed. Jing received a letter without the mark and would not come; hearing Huan was grave, he took counsel from Wang Wei of Yingchuan and held his troops.
49
歡謂澄曰：「我雖病，汝面更有餘憂，何也？」 澄未及對，歡曰：「豈非憂侯景叛邪？」 對曰：「然。」 歡曰：「景專制河南，十四年矣，常有飛揚跋扈之志，顧我能畜養，非汝所能駕御也。 今四方未定，勿遽發哀。 庫狄干鮮卑老公，斛律金敕勒老公，並性遒直，終不負汝。 可朱渾道元、劉豐生，遠來投我，必無異心。 潘相樂本作道人，心和厚，汝兄弟當得其力。 韓軌少戇，宜寬借之。 彭樂心腹難得，宜防護之。 堪敵侯景者，唯有慕容紹宗，我故不貴之，留以遺汝。」 又曰：「段孝先忠亮仁厚，智勇兼備，親戚之中，唯有此子，軍旅大事，宜共籌之。」 又曰：「邙山之戰，吾不用陳元康之言，留患遺汝，死不瞑目！」 相樂，廣寧人也。」」
Gao Huan said to Gao Cheng, "Though I am ill, your face holds more worry—why?" Before Cheng could answer, Huan said, "You fear Hou Jing will rebel, do you not?" He answered, "It is so." Huan said, "Jing has ruled Henan fourteen years with a soaring will; I could keep him—not you. The four quarters are not settled—do not hasten to announce mourning. Kudi Gan, the Xianbei old man, and Hulu Jin, the Tiele old man—both are forthright and will never fail you. Kezhuhun Daoyuan and Liu Fengsheng came from afar—they have no other heart. Pan Xiangle was once a Taoist, mild and thick—you brothers should gain his strength. Han Gui is somewhat dull—treat him generously. Peng Le's heart is hard to win—guard him. Only Murong Shaozong can match Hou Jing; I did not honor him, but left him for you." He also said, "Duan Xiaoxian is loyal, humane, wise, and brave—in kin, only this son; on great military affairs, plan together." He also said, "At Mount Mang I ignored Chen Yuankang and left trouble for you—I cannot close my eyes in death!" Xiangle was a man of Guangning.””