1
資治通鑑第158卷
Comprehensive Mirror in Aid of Governance, Volume 158
2
【梁紀十四】起著雍敦牂，盡閼逢困敦，凡七年。
[Liang Records 14] The span runs from Zhuoyong Dunzhang through Quefeng Kundun—seven years in all.
3
高祖武皇帝十四大同四年（ 戊午，公元五三八年）
Emperor Wu of Liang, fourteenth year of Datong ( wuwu, AD 538)
4
春，正月，辛酉朔，日有食之。
In spring, the first month, on the new moon of xinyou, the sun was eclipsed.
5
東魏碭郡獲巨像，送鄴。 丁卯，大赦，改元元象。
Eastern Wei's Dang commandery unearthed a colossal image and sent it to Ye. On dingmao the court proclaimed a general amnesty and adopted the era name Yuanxiang.
6
二月，己亥，上耕藉田。
In the second month, on jihai, the Liang emperor performed the ceremonial plowing of the sacred field.
7
東魏大都督善無賀拔仁攻魏南汾州，刺史韋子粲降之，丞相泰滅子粲之族。 東魏大行台侯景等治兵於虎牢，將復河南諸州，魏梁回、韋孝寬、趙繼宗皆棄城西歸。 侯景攻廣州，數旬，未拔，聞魏救兵將至，集諸將議之，行洛州事盧勇請進觀形勢。 乃帥百騎至大隗山，遇魏師。 日已暮，勇多置幡旗於樹顛； 夜，分騎為十隊，鳴角直前，擒魏儀同三司程華，斬儀同三司王征蠻而還。 廣州守將駱超遂以城降東魏，丞相歡以勇行廣州事。 勇，辯之從弟也。 於是南汾、穎、豫、廣四州復入東魏。
Eastern Wei's Grand Commander Heluoba Ren of Shanwu attacked Western Wei's Nanfen province. Inspector Wei Zican surrendered, and Chancellor Yuwen Tai wiped out Zican's clan. Eastern Wei Grand Commissioner Hou Jing and others mustered troops at Hulao to retake the Henan provinces. Liang Hui, Wei Xiaokuan, and Zhao Jizong of Western Wei abandoned their posts and withdrew west. Hou Jing besieged Guang province for weeks without success. When word came that Western Wei relief was near, he called his generals to council; Lu Yong, acting governor of Luozhou, asked leave to ride ahead and scout. He led a hundred horsemen to Mount Dawei and ran into the Western Wei army. The sun was down; Yong planted banners thick on the treetops; that night he split his riders into ten squads, sounded horns, and charged straight in—capturing Western Wei's Yitong Sansi Cheng Hua, beheading Yitong Sansi Wang Zhenman, and riding back. Guangzhou's commander Luo Chao surrendered to Eastern Wei; Gao Huan put Yong in charge of the province. Yong was a cousin of Bian. Nanfen, Ying, Yu, and Guang provinces thus returned to Eastern Wei.
8
初，柔然頭兵可汗始得返國，事魏盡禮。 及永安以後，雄據北方，禮漸驕倨，雖信使不絕，不復稱臣。 頭兵嘗至洛陽，心慕中國，乃置侍中、黃門等官； 後得魏汝陽王典簽淳於覃，親寵任事，以為秘書監，使典文翰。 及兩魏分裂，頭兵轉不遜，數為邊患。 魏丞相泰以新都關中，方有事山東，欲結婚以撫之，以舍人元翌女為化政公主，妻頭兵弟塔寒。 又言於魏主，請廢乙弗後，納頭兵之女。 甲辰，以乙弗後為尼，使扶風王孚迎頭兵女為後。 頭兵遂留東魏使者元整，不報其使。
When the Rouran khan Toubing first regained his realm, he had served Western Wei with full courtesy. After the Yongan era he dominated the north; his courtesy turned arrogant, and though envoys still passed, he no longer called himself a subject. Toubing had once visited Luoyang, admired China, and created offices such as Attendant-in-Ordinary and Yellow Gate; later he won over Chunyu Tan, a clerk to Western Wei's Prince of Ruyang, favored him, made him Secretary Supervisor, and put him in charge of documents. After the two Weis split, Toubing grew more insolent and raided the frontier again and again. Yuwen Tai, with the capital now in Guanzhong and his hands full in Shandong, sought to pacify him by marriage—making Gentleman Yuan Yi's daughter Princess of Huazheng and giving her to Toubing's brother Tahan. He also urged the Western Wei emperor to depose Empress Yifu and take Toubing's daughter. On jiachen Empress Yifu was tonsured, and the Prince of Fufeng, Fu, was sent to welcome Toubing's daughter as empress. Toubing then detained Eastern Wei's envoy Yuan Zheng and sent no answer to their mission.
9
三月，辛酉，東魏丞相歡以沙苑之敗，請解大丞相，詔許之； 頃之，復故。
In the third month, on xinyou, Gao Huan asked to resign as Grand Chancellor after the defeat at Shaya; the court assented; shortly afterward he was restored as before.
10
柔然送悼後於魏，車七百乘、馬萬匹、駝二千頭。 至黑鹽池，遇魏所遣鹵簿儀衛。 柔然營幕，戶席皆東向，扶風王孚請正南面，後曰：「我未見魏主，固柔然女也。 魏仗南面，我自東向。」 丙子，立皇后郁久閭氏。 丁丑，大赦。 以王盟為司徒。 丞相泰朝於長安，還屯華州。
The Rouran sent their empress to Western Wei with seven hundred carriages, ten thousand horses, and two thousand camels. At Black Salt Pool she met the honor guard Western Wei had dispatched. In the Rouran camp every tent and seat faced east; the Prince of Fufeng, Fu, asked the empress to face due south. She said, "I have not yet seen the Western Wei emperor—I am still a Rouran woman. Let Western Wei's escort face south; I face east." On bingzi Empress Yujiu Lü was installed. On dingchou the court proclaimed a general amnesty. Wang Meng was made Minister over the Masses. Yuwen Tai attended court at Chang'an, then returned to camp at Huazhou.
11
夏，四月，庚寅，東魏高歡朝於鄴； 壬辰，還晉陽。
In summer, the fourth month, on gengyin, Gao Huan of Eastern Wei attended court at Ye; on renchen he returned to Jinyang.
12
五月，甲戌，東魏遣兼散騎常侍鄭伯猷來聘。
In the fifth month, on jiaxu, Eastern Wei sent Acting Cavalier Attendant-in-Ordinary Zheng Boyou on a friendly mission.
13
秋，七月，東魏荊州刺史王則寇淮南。
In autumn, the seventh month, Eastern Wei's Jing province inspector Wang Ze raided Huainan.
14
癸亥，詔以東冶徒李胤之得如來捨利，大赦。
On guihai an edict proclaimed a general amnesty because the eastern-smelting convict Li Yinzhi had obtained a Buddha relic.
15
東魏侯景、高敖曹等圍魏獨孤信於金墉，太師歡帥大軍繼之； 景悉燒洛陽內外官寺民居，存者什二三。 魏主將如洛陽拜園陵，會信等告急，遂與丞相泰俱東，命尚書左僕射周惠達輔太子欽守長安，開府儀同三司李弼、車騎大將軍達奚武帥千騎為前驅。
Eastern Wei's Hou Jing, Gao Aocao, and others besieged Dugu Xin at Jinyong; Grand Mentor Gao Huan followed with a great army; Jing burned every official temple and dwelling inside and outside Luoyang; barely one or two in ten survived. The Western Wei emperor was about to visit the Luoyang tombs when Xin's urgent report arrived. He marched east with Yuwen Tai, left Zhou Huida to assist Crown Prince Qin at Chang'an, and sent Li Bi and Daxi Wu ahead with a thousand horsemen.
16
八月，庚寅，丞相泰至谷城，侯景等欲整陳以待其至，儀同三司太安莫多婁貸文請帥所部擊其前鋒，景等固止之。 貸文勇而專，不受命，與可朱渾道元以千騎前進。 夜，遇李弼、達奚武於孝水。 弼命軍士鼓噪，曳柴揚塵，貸文走，弼追斬之，道元單騎獲免，悉俘其眾送恆農。
In the eighth month, on gengyin, Yuwen Tai reached Gucheng. Hou Jing and the others meant to form battle lines and await him; Yitong Sansi Mo Duo Lou Daiwen asked to lead his division against the vanguard, but Jing and the rest overruled him. Daiwen was brave and willful; he disobeyed orders and rode forward with Kezhunhun Daoyuan at the head of a thousand horsemen. By night they met Li Bi and Daxi Wu at the Xiao River. Bi ordered his men to shout and drum, drag brushwood, and raise dust. Daiwen fled; Bi ran him down and beheaded him. Daoyuan escaped alone; Bi took the whole force prisoner and sent them to Hengnong.
17
泰進軍瀍東，侯景等夜解圍去。 辛卯，泰帥輕騎追景至河上，景為陳，北據河橋，南屬邙山，與泰合戰。 泰馬中流矢驚逸，遂失所之。 泰墜地，東魏兵追及之，左右皆散，都督李穆下馬，以策抶泰背罵曰：「籠東軍士！ 爾曹主何在，而獨留此？」 追者不疑其貴人，捨之而過。 穆以馬授泰，與之俱逸。
Yuwen Tai advanced east of the Chan; Hou Jing and the others lifted the siege by night and withdrew. On xinmao Yuwen Tai led light cavalry after Jing to the river. Jing formed his line with the river bridge to the north and the Mang hills to the south, and closed with Yuwen Tai. Yuwen Tai's horse took an arrow, panicked, and bolted; he was separated from his men. Yuwen Tai fell. Eastern Wei soldiers closed in; his attendants scattered. Commander Li Mu dismounted, whipped Yuwen Tai's back with his crop, and roared, "Soldiers of Longdong! Where is your master, that you linger here alone?" The pursuers took him for a common soldier and let him pass. Mu gave Yuwen Tai his horse, and both escaped together.
18
魏兵復振，擊東魏兵，大破之，東魏兵北走。 京兆忠武公高敖曹，意輕泰，建旗蓋以陵陳，魏人盡銳攻之，一軍皆沒，敖曹單騎走投河陽南城。 守將北豫州刺史高永樂，歡之從祖兄子也，與敖曹有怨，閉門不受。 敖曹仰呼求繩，不得，拔刀穿闔未徹而追兵至。 敖曹伏橋下，追者見其從奴持金帶，問敖曹所在，奴指示之。 敖曹知不免，奮頭曰：「來！ 與汝開國公。」 追者斬其首去。 高歡聞之，如喪肝膽，杖高永樂二百，贈敖曹太師、大司馬、太尉。 泰賞殺敖曹者布絹萬段，歲歲稍與之，比及周亡，猶未能足。 魏又殺東魏西兗州刺史宋顯等，虜甲士萬五千人，赴河死者以萬數。 初，歡以-{万俟}-普尊老，特禮之，嘗親扶上馬。 其子洛免冠稽首曰：「願出死力以報深恩。」 及邙山之戰，諸軍北度橋，洛獨勒兵不動，謂魏人曰：「-{万俟}-受洛干在此，能來可來也！」 魏人畏之而去，歡名其所營地為回洛。
The Western Wei army rallied, struck the Eastern Wei army, and broke them; the Eastern Wei men fled north. Gao Aocao, Duke of Loyal Martial of Jingzhao, despised Yuwen Tai and raised banners and canopy to lord over the line. Western Wei threw every elite at him until his whole command was gone; Aocao fled alone toward Heyang's south gate. The garrison commander, Northern Yu inspector Gao Yongle—a cousin's son of Gao Huan—bore a grudge against Aocao and shut the gate against him. Aocao shouted up for a rope; none came. He drew his sword to pierce the gate before it gave way, and the pursuers were upon him. Aocao hid under the bridge. Pursuers saw his attendant with a gold belt, asked where Aocao was, and the slave pointed him out. Knowing he could not escape, Aocao raised his head and said, "Come! I'll make you a Duke Who Founded a State." The pursuers cut off his head and left. Gao Huan heard of it as if he had lost his vitals; he had Gao Yongle beaten two hundred strokes and posthumously honored Aocao as Grand Tutor, Grand Marshal, and Grand Commandant. Yuwen Tai rewarded Aocao's killer with ten thousand bolts of silk, adding a little more each year; by the fall of Zhou the debt was still not fully paid. Western Wei also killed Eastern Wei's western Yan inspector Song Xian and others, took fifteen thousand armored men prisoner, and tens of thousands drowned in the river. Earlier, because Moqi Puzun was old, Gao Huan had shown him special courtesy and once helped him mount in person. His son Luo bared his head and kowtowed, saying, "I wish to give my life's strength to repay your deep grace." At Mangshan, as the armies crossed the bridge north, Luo alone held his troops and called to Western Wei, "Moqi Shouluogan is here—if you dare, come!" Western Wei feared him and withdrew; Gao Huan named his camp ground Huiluo.
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是日，東、西魏置陳既大，首尾懸遠，從旦至未，戰數十合，氛霧四塞，莫能相知。 魏獨孤信、李遠居右，趙貴、怡峰居左，戰並不利； 又未知魏主及丞相泰所在，皆棄其卒先歸。 開府儀同三司李虎、念賢等為後軍，見信等退，即與俱去。 泰由是燒營而歸，留儀同三司長孫子彥守金墉。
That day the Eastern and Western Wei lines were vast, head and tail far apart; from dawn to the wei hour they fought dozens of rounds; mist filled every quarter and neither side could tell friend from foe. Dugu Xin and Li Yuan held Western Wei's right; Zhao Gui and Yi Feng the left—both wings were beaten; they also did not know where the Western Wei emperor and Yuwen Tai were, and all abandoned their men and fled first. Li Hu, Nian Xian, and others formed the rear; seeing Xin and the rest retreat, they withdrew with them. Yuwen Tai burned his camp and withdrew, leaving Changsun Ziyan to hold Jinyong.
20
王思政下馬，舉長槊左右橫擊，一舉輒踣數人。 陷陳既深，從者盡死，思政被重創，悶絕。 會日暮，敵亦收兵。 思政每戰常著破衣弊甲，敵不知其將帥，故得免。 帳下督雷五安於戰處哭求思政，會其已蘇，割衣裹創，扶思政上馬。 夜久，始得還營。
Wang Sizheng dismounted, raised his long spear, and struck left and right; each sweep knocked down several men. He had driven deep into the enemy line; his followers were all dead; Sizheng took grave wounds and fainted. At sunset the enemy also withdrew. Sizheng always fought in worn clothes and poor armor, so the enemy did not know he was a general and he escaped. His aide Lei Wu'an wept and searched for Sizheng on the field; finding him already awake, he cut cloth to bind his wounds and helped him mount. Late into the night he finally returned to camp.
21
平東將軍蔡祐下馬步鬥，左右勸乘馬以備倉猝，祐怒曰：「丞相愛我如子，今日豈惜生乎！」 帥左右十餘人合聲大呼，擊東魏兵，殺傷甚眾。 東魏人圍之十餘重，祐彎弓持滿，四面拒之。 東魏人募厚甲長刀者直進取之，去祐可三十步，左右勸射之，祐曰：「吾曹之命，在此一矢，豈可虛發！」 將至十步，祐乃射之，應弦而倒，東魏兵稍卻，祐徐引還。 魏主至恆農，守將已棄城走，所虜降卒在恆農者相與閉門拒守，丞相泰攻拔之，誅其魁首數百人。 蔡祐追及泰於恆農，夜，見泰，泰曰：「承先，爾來，吾無憂矣。」 泰驚不得寢，枕祐股，然後安。 祐每從泰戰，常為士卒先。 戰還，諸將皆爭功，祐終無所言。 泰每歎曰：「承先口不言勳，我當代其論敘。」 泰留王思政鎮恆農，除侍中、東道行台。
Cai You, General Who Pacifies the East, dismounted to fight on foot. His men urged him to mount against sudden danger; You snapped, "The chancellor loves me like a son—would I spare my life today!" He led a dozen men in one shout, struck the Eastern Wei line, and killed and wounded many. Eastern Wei surrounded him more than ten deep; You drew his bow full and held them off on every side. Eastern Wei sent heavy-armored men with long blades straight at him. At thirty paces his men urged him to shoot; You said, "Our lives hang on this one arrow—how can I waste it!" At ten paces he shot; the man fell at the bowstring's sound; Eastern Wei fell back a little, and You withdrew at leisure. The Western Wei emperor reached Hengnong; the garrison commander had already fled. Captured Eastern Wei troops there shut the gates to resist; Yuwen Tai stormed the city, took it, and executed several hundred ringleaders. Cai You caught Yuwen Tai at Hengnong. That night he came before him; Tai said, "Chenxian, you have come—I have no more worries." Tai was too shaken to sleep until he rested his head on You's thigh; only then could he rest. Whenever You followed Yuwen Tai into battle, he always led the soldiers first. After battle the generals all contended for merit; You never spoke. Yuwen Tai often sighed, "Chenxian never speaks of his merit—I must speak it for him." Yuwen Tai left Wang Sizheng to garrison Hengnong and made him Attendant-in-Ordinary and Eastern Route Grand Commissioner.
22
魏之東伐也，關中留守兵少，前後所虜東魏士卒散在民間，聞魏兵敗，謀作亂。 李虎等至長安，計無所出，與太尉王盟、僕射周惠達等奉太子欽出屯渭北。 百姓互相剽掠，關中大擾。 於是沙苑所虜東魏都督趙青雀、雍州民於伏德等遂反，青雀據長安子城，伏德保咸陽，與咸陽太守慕容思慶各收降卒以拒還兵。 長安大城民相帥以拒青雀，日與之戰。 大都督侯莫陳順擊賊，屢破之，賊不敢出。 順，崇之兄也。
When Western Wei marched east, few troops remained in Guanzhong; Eastern Wei prisoners scattered among the people heard Western Wei had been beaten and plotted rebellion. Li Hu and the others reached Chang'an at a loss; with Grand Commandant Wang Meng, Vice Director Zhou Huida, and the rest they escorted Crown Prince Qin to camp north of the Wei River. The people plundered one another; Guanzhong was in turmoil. Then Zhao Qingque, an Eastern Wei commander taken at Shaya, and Yu Fude of Yong province rebelled. Qingque held Chang'an's inner city, Fude held Xianyang, and with Xianyang governor Murong Siqing they gathered surrendered troops to block the returning army. The people of Chang'an's outer city banded together to resist Qingque and fought him daily. Grand Commander Houmochen Shun attacked the rebels, beat them again and again, and they dared not come out. Shun was the elder brother of Chong.
23
扶風公王羆鎮河東，大開城門，悉召軍士謂曰：「今聞大軍失利，青雀作亂，諸人莫有固志。 王羆受委於此，以死報恩。 有能同心者可共固守； 必恐城陷，任自出城。」 眾感其言，皆無異志。
Wang Pi, Duke of Fufeng, held Hedong. He threw open the gates, called every soldier, and said, "Word has come that the great army was beaten and Qingque has risen—none of you should lose heart. Wang Pi has been entrusted here and will repay that grace with his life. Whoever will stand with me, hold the city; whoever fears the city will fall may leave whenever he wishes." The men were moved by his words and none wavered.
24
魏主留閿鄉。 丞相泰以士馬疲弊，不可速進，且謂青雀等烏合，不能為患，曰：「我至長安，以輕騎臨之，必當面縛。」 通直散騎常侍吳郡陸通諫曰：「賊逆謀久定，必無遷善之心。 蜂蠆有毒，安可輕也！ 且賊詐言東寇將至，今若以輕騎臨之，百姓謂為信然，益當驚擾。 今軍雖疲弊，精銳尚多。 以明公之威，總大軍以臨之，何憂不克！」 泰從之，引兵西入。 父老見泰至，莫不悲喜，士女相賀。 華州刺史宇文導引兵襲咸陽，斬思慶，擒伏德。 南度渭，與泰會攻青雀，破之。 太保梁景睿以疾留長安，與青雀通謀，泰殺之。
The Western Wei emperor remained at Wen township. Yuwen Tai, finding men and horses exhausted and unable to march fast, thought Qingque and the rest a rabble that could do no harm. He said, "When I reach Chang'an I will ride against them with light cavalry—they will be bound before me." Direct Cavalier Attendant-in-Ordinary Lu Tong of Wu remonstrated, "The rebels' plot is long fixed—they have no mind to mend their ways. Wasps and scorpions have poison—how can they be treated lightly! Moreover they falsely claim an eastern enemy is coming; if you ride against them with light cavalry, the people will believe it and grow more alarmed. The army is weary, but plenty of elite troops remain. With your prestige, lead the whole army against them—why fear you cannot break them! Yuwen Tai took his advice and led his army west. When the elders saw Yuwen Tai arrive, none failed to weep for joy; men and women congratulated one another. Hua inspector Yuwen Dao struck Xianyang, beheaded Siqing, and captured Fude. He crossed the Wei southward, joined Yuwen Tai, and together broke Qingque. Grand Guardian Liang Jingrui, ill and left at Chang'an, had conspired with Qingque; Yuwen Tai executed him."
25
東魏太師歡自晉陽將七千騎至孟津，未濟，聞魏師已循，遂濟河，遣別將追魏師至崤，不及而還。 歡攻金墉，長孫子彥棄城走，焚城中室屋俱盡，歡毀金墉而還。
Gao Huan himself led seven thousand horsemen from Jinyang to Meng Ford. Before he crossed, he heard the Western Wei army had already withdrawn; he crossed, sent a detachment in pursuit to the Xiao Mountains, could not overtake them, and returned. Gao Huan attacked Jinyong; Changsun Ziyan abandoned the city and fled, burning every building within; Huan razed Jinyong and returned.
26
東魏之遷鄴也，主客郎中裴讓之留洛陽。 獨孤信之敗也，讓之弟諏之隨丞相泰入關，為大行台倉曹郎中。 歡囚讓之兄弟五人，讓之曰：「昔諸葛亮兄弟，事吳、蜀各盡其心，況讓之老母在此，不忠不孝，必不為也。 明公推誠待物，物亦歸心； 若用猜忌，去霸業遠矣。」 歡皆釋之。
When Eastern Wei moved the capital to Ye, Master of Guests Pei Rangzhi remained at Luoyang. When Dugu Xin was defeated, Rangzhi's younger brother Xunzhi followed Yuwen Tai into Guanzhong and served as the Grand Commissioner's granary clerk. Gao Huan imprisoned all five Rangzhi brothers. Rangzhi said, "In old times the Zhuge brothers served Wu and Shu each with all their hearts; and my old mother is here—disloyal and unfilial, we surely will not do it. My lord treats men with sincere trust, and men return their hearts; use suspicion instead, and you are far from hegemony." Gao Huan released them all.
27
九月，魏主入長安，丞相泰還屯華州。
In the ninth month the Western Wei emperor entered Chang'an; Yuwen Tai returned to camp at Huazhou.
28
東魏大都督賀拔仁擊邢磨納、盧仲禮等，平之。
Eastern Wei Grand Commander Heluoba Ren attacked Xing Monai, Lu Zhongli, and the rest and pacified them.
29
盧景裕本儒生，太師歡釋之，召館於家，使教諸子。 景裕講論精微，難者或相詆訶，大聲厲色，言至不遜，而景裕神采儼然，風調如一，從容往復，無際可尋。 性清靜，歷官屢有進退，無得失之色； 弊衣粗食，恬然自安，終日端嚴，如對賓客。
Lu Jingyu was originally a Confucian scholar; Gao Huan released him, took him into his household, and had him teach his sons. Jingyu's discourse was subtle; when challengers sometimes reviled him with raised voice and harsh color, even to insolence, Jingyu's bearing stayed grave, his tone unchanged, and he answered at ease with no seam to find. By nature he was quiet; through repeated promotions and demotions he showed no sign of gain or loss; in worn clothes and coarse food he was content, all day upright as if facing guests.
30
冬，十月，魏歸高敖曹、竇泰、莫多婁貸文之首於東魏。
In winter, the tenth month, Western Wei returned the heads of Gao Aocao, Dou Tai, and Mo Duo Lou Daiwen to Eastern Wei.
31
散騎常侍劉孝儀等聘於東魏。
Cavalier Attendant-in-Ordinary Liu Xiaoyi and others went on a friendly mission to Eastern Wei.
32
十二月，魏是雲寶襲洛陽，東魏洛州刺史王元軌棄城走。 都督趙剛襲廣州，拔之。 於是自襄、廣已西城鎮復為魏。
In the twelfth month, Western Wei's Shi Yunbao raided Luoyang; Eastern Wei's Luo inspector Wang Yuan Gui abandoned the city and fled. Commander Zhao Gang raided Guang province and took it. From Xiang and Guang westward the frontier garrisons thus returned to Western Wei.
33
魏自正光以後，四方多事，民避賦役，多為僧尼，至二百萬人，寺有三萬餘區。 至是，東魏始詔「牧守、令長擅立寺者，計其功庸，以枉法論。」
Since the Zhenguang era Western Wei had been beset on every side; to escape taxes and corvée many became monks and nuns—up to two million persons and more than thirty thousand monasteries. Now Eastern Wei for the first time decreed that pasture chiefs and district magistrates who established monasteries on their own authority would have their merit reckoned and be punished for bending the law."
34
初，魏伊川土豪李長壽為防蠻都督，積功至北華州刺史。 孝武帝西遷，長壽帥其徒拒東魏，魏以長壽為廣州刺史。 侯景攻拔其壁，殺之。 其子延孫復收集父兵以拒東魏，魏之貴臣廣陵王欣、錄尚書長孫稚等皆攜家往依之，延孫資遣衛送，使達關中。 東魏高歡患之，數遣兵攻延孫，不能克。 魏以延孫為京南行台、節度河南諸軍事、廣州刺史。 延孫以澄清伊、洛為己任，魏以延孫兵少，更以長壽之婿京兆韋法保為東洛州刺史，配兵數百以助之。 法保名祐，以字行，既至，與延孫連兵置柵於伏流。 獨孤信之入洛陽也，欲繕修宮室，使外兵郎中天水權景宣帥徒兵三千出采運。 會東魏兵至，河南皆叛，景宣間道西走，與李延孫相會，攻孔城，拔之，洛陽以南尋亦西附。 丞相泰即留景宣守張白塢，節度東南諸軍應關西者。 是歲，延孫為其長史楊伯蘭所殺，韋法保即引兵據延孫之柵。
Earlier Li Changshou, a powerful man of the Yi River in Western Wei, had been Defense Commander against the Man and through merit rose to Northern Hua inspector. When Emperor Xiaowu moved west, Changshou led his followers against Eastern Wei; Western Wei made him Guang inspector. Hou Jing stormed his fort and killed him. His son Yansun gathered his father's troops again to resist Eastern Wei; Western Wei's great ministers—the Prince of Guangling Xin, Recorder Changsun Zhi, and others—all brought their families to him; Yansun supplied and escorted them to Guanzhong. Gao Huan was troubled by this and repeatedly sent troops against Yansun but could not overcome him. Western Wei made Yansun Southern Capital Route Grand Commissioner, commander of Henan military affairs south of the river, and Guang inspector. Yansun took clearing the Yi and Luo as his charge; Western Wei, finding him short of troops, further made Changshou's son-in-law Wei Fabao of Jingzhao Eastern Luo inspector and gave him several hundred men to assist. Fabao's given name was You; he went by his style. When he arrived he joined Yansun in linking camps at Fuliou. When Dugu Xin entered Luoyang he wished to repair the palaces and sent Outer Troops Gentleman Quan Jingxuan of Tianshui to lead three thousand laborers out for timber. Eastern Wei troops arrived; all south of the river rebelled. Jingxuan took a hidden path west, met Yansun, attacked Kong city and took it; south of Luoyang soon submitted westward again. Yuwen Tai left Jingxuan to hold Zhangbai Stockade and command southeastern forces answering Guanxi. That year Yansun was killed by his chief clerk Yang Bolan; Wei Fabao at once led troops to hold Yansun's stockade.
35
東魏將段琛等據宜陽，遣陽州刺史牛道恆誘魏邊民。 魏南兗州刺史韋孝寬患之，乃詐為道恆與孝寬書，論歸款之意，使諜人遺之於琛營，琛果疑道恆。 孝寬乘其猜阻，出兵襲之，擒道恆及琛，崤、澠遂清。 東道行台王思政以玉壁險要，請築城，自恆農徙鎮之，詔加都督汾、晉、并州諸軍事、并州刺史，行台如故。
Eastern Wei generals Duan Chen and others held Yiyang and sent Yang inspector Niu Daoheng to entice Western Wei border people. Southern Yan inspector Wei Xiaokuan was troubled by this. He forged a letter in Daoheng's name to Xiaokuan discussing surrender and had a spy leave it in Chen's camp; Chen indeed suspected Daoheng. Xiaokuan exploited their suspicion, struck, captured Daoheng and Chen, and the Xiao and Mian routes were cleared. Eastern Route Grand Commissioner Wang Sizheng, finding Yubi strategically vital, asked to build a fortress and moved his garrison from Hengnong; he was further made commander of Fen, Jin, and Bing military affairs and Bing inspector, his Grand Commission unchanged.
36
東魏以高澄攝吏部尚書，始改崔亮年勞之制，銓擢賢能； 又沙汰尚書郎，妙選人地以充之。 凡才名之士，雖未薦擢，皆引致門下，與之遊宴、講論、賦詩，士大夫以是稱之。
Eastern Wei put Gao Cheng in charge of the Ministry of Personnel, for the first time changed Cui Liang's seniority system, and selected and promoted the able; they also sifted Masters of Writing posts, choosing men of fine talent and background to fill them. Men of talent and name, though not yet promoted, were all brought to his gate for feasting, debate, and poetry; scholar-officials therefore praised him.
37
高祖武皇帝十四大同五年（ 己未，公元五三九年）
Emperor Wu of Liang, fifteenth year of Datong ( jiwei, AD 539)
38
春，正月，乙卯，以尚書左僕射蕭淵藻為中衛將軍，丹楊尹何敬容為尚書令，吏部尚書張纘為僕射。 纘，弘策之子也。 自晉、宋以來，宰相皆以文義自逸，敬容獨勤簿領，日旰不休，為時俗所嗤鄙。 自徐勉、周捨既卒，當權要者，外朝則何敬容，內省則朱異。 敬容質愨無文，以綱維為己任； 異文華敏洽，曲營世譽。 二人行異而俱得幸於上。 異善伺候人主意為阿諛，用事三十年，廣納貨賂，欺罔視聽，遠近莫不忿疾。 園宅、玩好、飲膳、聲色窮一時之盛。 每休下，車馬填門，唯王承、王稚及褚翔不往。 承、稚，暕之子； 翔，淵之曾孫也。
In spring, the first month, on yimao, Left Vice Director Xiao Yuanzao was made Central Guard General, Danyang governor He Jingrong Director of the Masters of Writing, and Ministry of Personnel Director Zhang Zuan Vice Director. Zuan was the son of Hongce. Since Jin and Song, chancellors had all taken their ease in literary refinement; Jingrong alone toiled at ledgers from dawn unceasing, and the fashion of the day scorned him. After Xu Mian and Zhou She died, power lay with Jingrong in the outer court and Zhu Yi in the inner. Jingrong was plain and without literary polish, taking the framework of rule as his charge; Yi was refined, quick, and skilled at currying worldly favor. The two differed in conduct yet both won the sovereign's favor. Yi was skilled at watching the sovereign's mind and flattering it; for thirty years he held power, took bribes widely, deceived what the sovereign saw and heard, and near and far burned with resentment. His gardens, treasures, food, drink, and music exhausted the splendor of the age. Whenever he left office his gate was jammed with carriages; only Wang Cheng, Wang Zhi, and Chu Xiang did not go. Cheng and Zhi were sons of Yan; Xiang was a great-grandson of Yuan.
39
丁巳，御史中丞參禮儀事賀琛奏：「南、北二郊及藉田，往還並宜御輦，不復乘輅。」 詔從之，祀宗廟仍乘玉輦。 琛，瑒之弟子也。
On dingsi Censor-in-Chief He Chen, participating in ritual affairs, memorialized that the southern and northern suburban sacrifices and the plowing of the sacred field should all use the imperial carriage and no longer the ceremonial chariot. The edict followed this; for ancestral temple sacrifice the jade carriage was still used. "Chen was a nephew's son of Yang."
40
辛酉，東魏以尚書令孫騰為司徒。
On xinyou Eastern Wei made Director of the Masters of Writing Sun Teng Minister over the Masses.
41
辛未，上祀南郊。
On xinwei the Liang sovereign sacrificed at the southern suburb.
42
魏丞相泰於行台置學，取丞郎、府佐德行明敏者充學生，悉令旦治公務，晚就講習。
Yuwen Tai established a school at the Grand Commission, taking Masters of Writing gentlemen and Grand Commission aides of clear conduct and keen mind as students to handle public business by day and attend lectures by evening.
43
東魏丞相歡，以徐州刺史房謨、廣平太守羊孰、廣宗太守竇瑗、平原太守許惇有政績清能，與諸刺史書，褒稱謨等以勸之。
Gao Huan, because Xu inspector Fang Mo, Guangping governor Yang Shu, Guangzong governor Dou Yuan, and Pingyuan governor Xu Dun had clean records and ability, wrote all the inspectors praising Mo and the rest to encourage them.
44
夏，五月，甲戌，東魏立丞相歡女為皇后； 乙亥，大赦。
In summer, the fifth month, on jiaxu Eastern Wei installed Gao Huan's daughter as empress; on yihai a general amnesty was proclaimed.
45
魏以開府儀同三司李弼為司空。
Western Wei made Li Bi Minister of Works.
46
秋，七月，魏以扶風王孚為太尉。
In autumn, the seventh month, Western Wei made the Prince of Fufeng, Fu, Grand Commandant.
47
九月，甲子，東魏發畿內十萬人城鄴，四十日罷。 冬，十月，癸亥，以新宮成，大赦，改元興和。
In the ninth month, on jiazi Eastern Wei mobilized one hundred thousand men within the capital circuit to wall Ye; the work ended in forty days. In winter, the tenth month, on guihai, because the new palace was completed, a general amnesty was proclaimed and the era name changed to Xinghe.
48
魏置紙筆於陽武門外以求得失。
Western Wei placed brush and paper outside Yangwu Gate to seek the people's gains and losses.
49
十一月，乙亥，東魏使散騎常侍王元景、魏收來聘。
In the eleventh month, on yihai Eastern Wei sent Cavalier Attendant-in-Ordinary Wang Yuanjing and Wei Shou on a friendly mission.
50
東魏人以《正光歷》浸差，命校書郎李業興更加修正，以甲子為元，號曰《興光歷》，既成，行之。
Eastern Wei, finding the Zhenguang calendar had drifted, ordered collator Li Yexing to revise it, taking jiazi as origin and naming it the Xingguang calendar; when done, it was put in use.
51
散騎常侍朱異奏：「頃來置州稍廣，而小大不倫，請分為五品，其位秩高卑，參僚多少，皆以是為差。」 詔從之。 於是上品二十州，次品十州，次品八州，次品二十三州，下品二十一州。 時上方事征伐，恢拓境宇，北逾淮、汝，東距彭城，西開牂柯，南平俚洞，建置州郡，紛綸甚眾，故異請分之。 其下品皆異國之人來歸附者，徒有州名而無土地，或因荒徼之民所居村落置州及郡縣，刺史守令皆用彼人為之，尚書不能悉領，山川險遠，職貢罕通。 五品之外，又有二十餘州不知處所。 凡一百七州。 又以邊境鎮戍，雖領民不多，欲重其將帥，皆建為郡，或一人領二三郡太守，州郡雖多而戶口日耗矣。
Cavalier Attendant-in-Ordinary Zhu Yi memorialized, "Recently provinces have multiplied without proper order; I ask that they be divided into five grades, with rank, salary, and staff all set thereby." The edict followed this. Thus there were twenty provinces of the highest grade, ten of the second, eight of the third, twenty-three of the fourth, and twenty-one of the lowest. The sovereign was then campaigning, expanding territory—north beyond the Huai and Ru, east to Pengcheng, west into Zangke, south pacifying the Li caves—provinces and commanderies multiplied in profusion, and therefore Yi asked to grade them. The lowest grade were foreigners who had submitted—provinces in name only, without land—or provinces and districts set on frontier villages; inspectors and magistrates were drawn from those peoples; the Masters of Writing could not fully oversee them; mountains were perilous and tribute rarely came. Beyond the five grades more than twenty provinces had no known location. In all there were one hundred seven provinces. Moreover frontier garrisons, though they ruled few people, were weighted by making them commanderies, or one man held two or three commanderies; provinces and commanderies multiplied while households daily dwindled.
52
魏自西遷以來，禮樂散逸，丞相泰命左僕射周惠達、吏部郎中北海唐瑾損益舊章，至是稍備。
Since Western Wei's move west, ritual and music had scattered; Yuwen Tai ordered Zhou Huida and Ministry of Personnel gentleman Tang Jin of Beihai to trim the old regulations; by now they were somewhat complete.
53
高祖武皇帝十四大同六年（ 庚申，公元五四零年）
Emperor Wu of Liang, sixteenth year of Datong ( gengshen, AD 540)
54
春，正月，壬申，東魏以廣平公庫狄干為太保。
In spring, the first month, on renshen Eastern Wei made Kudi Gan, Duke of Guangping, Grand Guardian.
55
丁丑，東魏主入新宮，大赦。
On dingchou the Eastern Wei ruler entered the new palace and proclaimed a general amnesty.
56
魏扶風王孚卒。
Prince Fu of Fufeng in Western Wei died.
57
二月，己亥，上耕藉田。
In the second month, on jihai, the Liang emperor plowed the sacred field.
58
魏鑄五銖錢。
Western Wei cast wuzhu coins.
59
東魏大行台侯景出三鴉，將復荊州，魏丞相泰遣李弼、獨孤信各將五千騎出武關，景乃還。
Hou Jing of Eastern Wei marched from Sanya to recover Jing; Yuwen Tai sent Li Bi and Dugu Xin, each with five thousand horse, through Wuguan, and Jing turned back.
60
魏文後既為尼，居別宮，悼後猶忌之，乃以其子武都王戊為秦州刺史，使文後隨之官。 魏主雖限以大計，而恩好不忘，密令養發，有追還之意。 會柔然舉國度河南侵，時頗有言柔然以悼後故興師者，帝曰：「豈有興百萬之眾為一女子邪！ 雖然，致人此言，朕亦何顏以見將帥！」 乃遣中常侍曹寵繼手敕賜文後自盡。 文後泣謂寵曰：「願至尊千萬歲，天下康寧，死無恨也！」 遂自殺。 鑿麥積崖而葬之，號曰寂陵。
Empress Wen had taken the veil and lived apart; Dowager Empress Diao still hated her and sent her son Prince Wu of Wudu to Qin as inspector, making Wen Empress go with him. The Western Wei emperor was held to the great plan but did not forget her; secretly he let her hair grow again, meaning to bring her back. Rouran crossed the river in full strength to raid; many said they came for the dowager empress. The emperor said, "Who raises a million men for one woman! Yet that such talk should spread—what face have I before my generals!" He sent Palace Attendant Cao Chong with a handwritten edict ordering Wen Empress to die by her own hand. Wen Empress wept and told Chong, "May His Majesty live ten thousand years and all under Heaven be at peace—I die without regret!" She then killed herself. They hollowed Maiji Cliff for her tomb and called it Silent Mound.
61
夏，丞相泰召諸軍屯沙苑以備柔然。 右僕射周惠達發士馬守京城，塹諸街巷，召雍州刺史王羆議之，羆不應召，謂使者曰：「若蠕蠕至渭北者，王羆自帥鄉里破之，不煩國家兵馬，何為天子城中作如此驚擾！ 由周家小兒恇怯致此。」 柔然至夏州而退。 未幾，悼後遇疾殂。
In summer, Yuwen Tai gathered the armies at Shayuan against Rouran. Zhou Huida, Right Vice Director, mobilized troops for the capital, trenched the streets, and summoned Wang Pi of Yongzhou; Pi would not come and told the envoy, "If Rouran reach north of the Wei, Wang Pi will break them with his own district—why alarm the capital with state troops! This is the Zhou household's cowardice." Rouran reached Xia province and withdrew. Before long Dowager Empress Diao fell ill and died.
62
五月，乙酉，魏行台宮延和、陝州刺史宮延慶降於東魏，東魏以河北馬場為義州以處之。
In the fifth month, on yiyou, Gong Yanhe of Western Wei's mobile headquarters and Gong Yanqing, inspector of Shaan, surrendered to Eastern Wei, which made the Hebei horse pastures into Yi province to house them.
63
東魏陽州武公高永樂卒。
Gao Yongle, Duke of Yang province in Eastern Wei, died.
64
閏月，丁丑朔，日有食之。
In the intercalary month, on dingchou the new moon, there was an eclipse of the sun.
65
己丑，東魏封皇兄景植為宜陽王，皇弟威為清河王，謙為穎川王。
On jichou, Eastern Wei made the emperor's elder brother Jingzhi Prince of Yiyang and younger brothers Wei Prince of Qinghe and Qian Prince of Yingchuan.
66
六月，壬子，東魏華山王鷙卒。
In the sixth month, on renzi, Prince Zhi of Huashan in Eastern Wei died.
67
秋，七月，丁亥，東魏使兼散騎常侍李象等來聘。 八月，戊午，大赦。
In autumn, the seventh month, on dinghai, Eastern Wei sent Li Xiang and others as envoys. In the eighth month, on wuwu, the Liang emperor proclaimed amnesty.
68
九月，戊戌，司空袁昂卒，遺疏不受贈謚，敕諸子勿上行狀及立銘志。 上不許，贈本官，謚穆正公。
In the ninth month, on wuxu, Minister of Works Yuan Ang died; his last memorial refused posthumous honors and forbade his sons to file a funeral report or raise a stele. The Liang emperor would not allow it and gave his former rank with the posthumous title Duke Pure and Upright.
69
冬，十一月，魏太師念賢卒。
In winter, the eleventh month, Nian Xian, Grand Tutor of Western Wei, died.
70
吐谷渾自莫折念生之亂，不通於魏。 伏連籌卒，子誇呂立，始稱可汗，居伏俟城。 其地東西三千里，南北千餘里，官有王、公、僕射、尚書、郎中、將軍之號。 是歲，始遣使假道柔然，聘於東魏。
Tuyuhun, since Mohe Niansheng's rebellion, had broken contact with Western Wei. Fulianchou died; his son Kualü succeeded, first styled himself khan, and dwelt at Fuhou city. His realm ran three thousand li east to west and more than a thousand north to south, with offices titled king, duke, steward, secretary, gentleman, and general. That year he first sent envoys through Rouran to Eastern Wei.
71
高祖武皇帝十四大同七年（ 辛酉，公元五四一年）
Emperor Wu of Liang, seventh year of Datong ( xinyou, AD 541)
72
春，正月，辛巳，上祀南郊，大赦。 辛丑，祀明堂。
In spring, the first month, on xinsi, the Liang emperor sacrificed at the southern suburb and proclaimed amnesty. On xinchou he sacrificed at the Bright Hall.
73
宕昌王梁企定為其下所殺，弟彌定立。 二月，乙巳，以彌定為河、梁二州刺史、宕昌王。
King Qiding of Tanchang was killed by his men; his brother Midian succeeded. In the second month, on yisi, Midian was made inspector of He and Liang and king of Tanchang.
74
辛亥，上耕藉田。
On xinhai the Liang emperor plowed the sacred field.
75
魏幽州刺史順陽王仲景坐事賜死。
Zhongjing, Prince of Shunyang and inspector of Youzhou in Western Wei, was ordered to die for an offense.
76
三月，魏夏州刺史劉平伏據上郡反，大都督於謹討擒之。
In the third month, Liu Pingfu, inspector of Xia in Western Wei, rebelled at Shang commandery; Yu Jin captured him.
77
夏，五月，遣兼散騎常侍明少遐等聘於東魏。
In summer, the fifth month, Ming Shaoxia and others were sent as envoys to Eastern Wei.
78
秋，七月，己卯，東魏宜陽王景植卒。
In autumn, the seventh month, on jimao, Prince Jingzhi of Yiyang in Eastern Wei died.
79
魏以侍中宇文測為大都督、行汾州事。 測，深之兄也，為政簡惠，得士民心。 地接東魏，東魏人數來寇抄，測擒獲之，命解縛，引與相見，為設酒殽，待以客禮，並給糧餼，衛送出境。 東魏人大慚，不復為寇，汾、晉之間遂通慶吊，時論稱之。 或告測交通境外者，丞相泰怒曰：「測為我安邊，我知其志，何得間我骨肉！」 命斬之。
Western Wei made Palace Attendant Yuwen Ce Grand Commander with acting charge of Fen. Ce was Shen's elder brother; his rule was spare and kind and won officers and people alike. His border touched Eastern Wei; raiders came often. Ce took them, had bonds cut, feasted them as guests, gave grain and fodder, and escorted them out. The easterners were ashamed and raided no more; Fen and Jin exchanged congratulations and condolences, and the age praised him. Someone accused Ce of traffic beyond the border. Yuwen Tai raged: "Ce holds my frontier—I know his heart. Who dares set kin against kin!" He had the accuser beheaded.
80
魏丞相泰欲革易時政，為強國富民之法，大行台度支尚書兼司農卿蘇綽盡其智能，贊成其事，減官員，置二長，並置屯田以資軍國。 又為六條詔書，九月，始奏行之：一曰清心，二曰敦教化，三曰盡地利，四曰擢賢良，五曰恤獄訟，六曰均賦役。 泰甚重之，嘗置諸坐右，又令百司習誦之，其牧守令長非通六條及計帳者，不得居官。
Yuwen Tai wished to reform government and enrich the state; Su Chuo of the grand mobile headquarters gave all his wit—fewer officials, two chiefs, garrison fields for army and state. He also drafted six articles of edict; in the ninth month they took force: purify the heart; teach transformation; use the land; promote worthies; pity lawsuits; equalize levies and corvée. Tai prized them, kept them at hand, and made every office recite them; no magistrate who failed the six articles and the accounts could keep his post.
81
東魏詔群官於麟趾閣議定法制，謂之《麟趾格》，冬，十月，甲寅，頒行之。
Eastern Wei had officials fix law at the Unicorn Toe Pavilion—the Unicorn Toe Code; in winter, the tenth month, on jiayin, it was promulgated.
82
乙巳，東魏發夫五萬築漳濱堰，三十五日罷。
On yisi Eastern Wei drafted fifty thousand men for the Zhang embankment; in thirty-five days the work stopped.
83
十一月，丙戌，東魏以彭城王韶為太尉，度支尚書胡僧敬為司空。 僧敬名虔，以字行，國珍之兄孫，東魏主之舅也。
In the eleventh month, on bingxu, Eastern Wei made Prince Shao of Pengcheng Grand Commandant and Hu Sengjing, Director of Revenue, Minister of Works. Sengjing styled Qian and was National Treasure's grand-nephew and the Eastern Wei emperor's uncle on the mother's side.
84
十二月，東魏遣兼散騎常侍李騫來聘。
In the twelfth month, Eastern Wei sent Li Qian as envoy.
85
交趾李賁世為豪右，仕不得志。 有並韶者，富於詞藻，詣選求官，吏部尚書蔡撙以並姓無前賢，除廣陽門郎； 韶恥之。 賁與韶還鄉里，謀作亂，會交州刺史武林侯咨以刻暴失眾心，時賁監德州，因連結數州豪傑俱反。 咨輸賄於賁，奔還廣州。 上遣咨與高州刺史孫冏、新州刺史盧子雄將兵擊之。 咨，恢之子也。
Li Ben of Jiaozhi was a great house for generations but could not rise in office. Bing Shao, rich in letters, sought office; Cai Bo of Personnel, because the Bing had no former worthies, made him Gentleman at the Guangyang Gate; Shao was shamed. Ben and Shao went home to rebel; Inspector Zi of Wulin was harsh and had lost the people; Ben, supervising Dezhou, linked magnates of several provinces in revolt. Zi bribed Ben and fled to Guangzhou. The Liang emperor sent Zi with Sun Tong of Gaozhou and Lu Zixiong of Xinzhou against him. Zi was Hui's son.
86
是歲，魏又益新制十二條。
That year Western Wei added twelve new articles.
87
東魏丞相歡以諸州調絹不依舊式，民甚苦之，奏令悉以四十尺為匹。
Gao Huan, because provincial silk levies ignored the old measure and the people suffered, ordered every bolt forty chi.
88
魏自喪亂以來，農商失業，六鎮之民相帥內徙，就食齊、晉，歡因之以成霸業。 東西分裂，連年戰爭，河南州郡鞠為茂草，公私困竭，民多餓死。 歡命諸州濱河及津、梁皆置倉積穀以相轉漕，供軍旅，備饑饉，又於幽、瀛、滄、青四州傍海煮鹽。 軍國之費，粗得周贍。 至是，東方連歲大稔，谷斛至九錢，山東之民稍復甦息矣。
Since the disorders, farmers and merchants had failed; the six garrisons had moved inward to Qi and Jin for food, and Huan had built hegemony on them. East and west split and warred year on year; Henan's commanderies were weeds; public and private were drained and many starved. Huan ordered river provinces and every ford and bridge to set granaries for relay grain for the army and famine; Yan, Ying, Cang, and Qing by the sea boiled salt. Army and state expenses were roughly met. By then the east had harvested several years; grain sold for nine cash the hu, and Shandong began to breathe again.
89
東魏尚書令高澄尚靜帝妹馮翊長公主，生子孝琬，朝貴賀之，澄曰：「此至尊之甥，先賀至尊。」 三日，帝幸其第，賜錦彩布絹萬匹。 於是諸貴競致禮遺，貨滿十室。
Gao Cheng married the Quiet Emperor's sister, Princess of Fengyi the Long, and had Xiaowan; court nobles congratulated him. Cheng said, "This is the emperor's sister's child—congratulate the emperor first." Three days later the emperor visited his house and gave ten thousand bolts of brocade, silk, and cloth. Then the nobles vied in gifts until ten rooms were piled with goods.
90
東魏臨淮王孝友表曰：「令制百家為族，二十五家為閭，五家為比。 百家之內有帥二十五，征發皆免，苦樂不均，羊少狼多，復有蠶食，此之為弊久矣。 京邑諸坊，或七八百家唯一里正、二史，庶事無闕，而況外州乎！ 請依舊置三正之名不改，而每閭止為二比，計族省十二丁，貲絹、番兵，所益甚多。」 事下尚書，寢不行。
Prince Xiaoyou of Linhuai in Eastern Wei memorialized: "The present system makes a hundred households a clan, twenty-five a lane, five a group. Within a hundred households twenty-five chiefs are exempt from levies—joy and suffering unequal, few sheep and many wolves, and more nibbling away; the harm is old. In the capital, seven or eight hundred households sometimes have only one lane chief and two clerks, yet nothing lacks—how much more in outer provinces! Keep the three chiefs' names but make each lane only two groups—twelve men saved per clan, with great gain in silk and frontier duty." It went to the Ministry of Works and slept.
91
安成望族劉敬躬以妖術惑眾，人多信之。
Liu Jinggong of the An Cheng magnates bewitched the people with sorcery; many believed.
92
高祖武皇帝十四大同八年（ 壬戌，公元五四二年）
Emperor Wu of Liang, eighth year of Datong ( renxu, AD 542)
93
春，正月，敬躬據郡反，改元永漢，署官屬，進攻廬陵，逼豫章。 南方久不習兵，人情擾駭，豫章內史張綰募兵以拒之。 綰，纘之弟也。 二月，戊戌，江州刺史湘東王繹遣司馬王僧辯、中兵曹子郢討敬躬，受綰節度。 三月，戊辰，擒敬躬，送建康，斬之。 僧辯，神念之子也，該博辯捷，器宇肅然，雖射不穿札，而志氣高遠。
In spring, the first month, Jinggong rebelled in the commandery, styled his era Eternal Han, appointed officials, marched on Luling, and pressed Yuzhang. The south had long been unused to war; hearts quaked; Zhang Wan, interior minister of Yuzhang, raised troops to resist. Wan was Zuan's younger brother. In the second month, on wuxu, Prince Yi of Xiangdong, inspector of Jiangzhou, sent Wang Sengbian and Cao Ziyu against Jinggong under Wan's command. In the third month, on wuchen, Jinggong was taken, sent to Jiankang, and beheaded. Sengbian was Shennian's son—learned, quick in debate, grave in bearing; though his arrow did not pierce a leaf, his will was high and far.
94
魏初置六軍。
Western Wei first established six armies.
95
夏，四月，丙寅，東魏使兼散騎常侍李繪來聘。 繪，元忠之從子也。
In summer, the fourth month, on bingyin, Eastern Wei sent Li Hui as envoy. Hui was grandson of Yuanzhong's younger cousin.
96
東魏丞相歡朝於鄴。 司徒孫騰坐事免； 乙酉，以彭城王韶錄尚書事，侍中廣陽王湛為太尉，尚書右僕射高隆之為司徒。 初，太傅尉景與丞相歡同歸爾朱榮，其妻，歡之姊也，自恃勳戚，貪縱不法，為有司所劾，繫獄； 歡三詣闕泣請，乃得免死。 丁亥，降為驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司。 歡往造之，景臥不起，大叫曰：「殺我時趣邪！」 歡撫而拜謝之。 辛卯，以庫狄干為太傅，以領軍將軍婁昭為大司馬，封祖裔為尚書右僕射。 六月，甲辰，歡還晉陽。
Gao Huan attended court at Ye. Sun Teng, Minister of Works, was dismissed for an offense; on yiyou Prince Shao of Pengcheng recorded Masters of Writing affairs, Prince Zhan of Guangyang became Grand Commandant, and Gao Longzhi Right Vice Director became Minister of Works. At first Wei Jing had returned with Gao Huan to Erzhu Rong; Jing's wife was Huan's elder sister; trusting merit and kinship she was greedy and lawless and was impeached and imprisoned; Huan thrice went to the palace weeping to beg, and only then was death spared. On dinghai he was reduced to Rapid Cavalry General with Opening the Mansion Equal to the Three Dukes. Huan went to visit; Jing lay and would not rise, shouting, "When you killed me you were in a hurry, were you!" Huan stroked him and bowed in apology. On xinmao Kudie Gan became Grand Tutor, Lou Zhao Army Supervisor became Grand Marshal, and Feng Zuyi became Minister of Works. In the sixth month, on jiachen, Gao Huan returned to Jinyang.
97
八月，庚戌，東魏以開府儀同三司、吏部尚書侯景為兼尚書僕射、河南道大行台，隨機防討。
In the eighth month, on gengxu, Eastern Wei made Hou Jing concurrent Minister of Works and Grand Mobile Headquarters of Henan Route, to defend and strike as occasion required.
98
魏以王盟為太保。 東魏丞相歡擊魏，入自汾、絳，連營四十里，丞相泰使王思政守玉壁以斷其道。 歡以書招思政曰：「若降，當授以并州。」 思政復書曰：「可朱渾道元降，何以不得？」 冬，十月，己亥，歡圍玉壁，凡九日，遇大雪，士卒饑凍，多死者，遂解圍去。 魏遣太子欽鎮蒲板。 丞相泰出軍蒲板，至皁莢，聞歡退渡汾，追之不及。 十一月，東魏以可朱渾道元為并州刺史。
Western Wei made Wang Meng Grand Protector. Gao Huan attacked Western Wei from Fen and Jiang, encamping forty li deep; Yuwen Tai sent Wang Sizheng to hold Yubi and block his road. Huan wrote Sizheng: "Surrender and I give you Bing." Sizheng replied, "Kezhun Hun Daoyuan surrendered—why was he denied?" In winter, the tenth month, on jihai, Huan besieged Yubi nine days; snow fell, men starved and froze, and many died; he raised the siege and left. Western Wei sent Crown Prince Qin to garrison Puban. Yuwen Tai marched from Puban to Zaojia; hearing Huan had recrossed the Fen in retreat, he pursued but could not catch him. In the eleventh month, Eastern Wei made Kezhun Hun Daoyuan inspector of Bing.
99
十二月，魏主狩於華陰，大享將士，丞相泰帥諸將朝之。 起萬壽殿於沙苑北。
In the twelfth month, the Western Wei emperor hunted at Huayin and feasted the army; Yuwen Tai led the generals to attend. He raised Long Life Hall north of Shayuan.
100
辛亥，東魏遣兼散騎常侍楊斐來聘。
On xinhai Eastern Wei sent Yang Fei as envoy.
101
孫冏、盧子雄討李賁，以春瘴方起，請待至秋； 廣州刺史新渝侯映不許，武林侯咨又趣之。 冏等至合浦，死者什六七，眾潰而歸。 映，憺之子也。 武林侯咨奏冏及子雄與賊交通，逗留不進，敕於廣州賜死。 子雄弟子略、子烈、主帥廣陵杜天合及弟僧明、新安周文育等帥子雄之眾攻廣州，欲殺映、咨，為子雄復冤。 西江督護、高要太守吳興陳霸先帥精甲三千救之，大破子略等，殺天合，擒僧明、文育。 霸先以僧明、文育驍勇過人，釋之，以為主帥。 詔以霸先為直閣將軍。
Sun Tong and Lu Zixiong attacked Li Ben; spring miasma was rising and they asked to wait until autumn; Inspector Ying of Xinyu would not allow it, and Zi of Wulin pressed them on. They reached Hepu; six or seven in ten died; the host broke and fled home. Ying was Dan's son. Zi memorialized that Tong and Zixiong trafficked with the rebels and lingered; an edict ordered them executed at Guangzhou. Lue and Lie, Zixiong's kin, with Du Tianhe of Guangling, his brother Sengming, and Zhou Wenyü of Xin'an led Zixiong's troops on Guangzhou to kill Ying and Zi and avenge him. Chen Baxian of Wuxing, West River Protector and Gaoyao prefect, led three thousand picked men to the rescue, routed them, killed Tianhe, and took Sengming and Wenyü. Baxian, finding Sengming and Wenyü surpassingly brave, released them and made them his commanders. An edict made Baxian Direct Attendant.
102
魏丞相泰妻馮翊公主生子覺。
Yuwen Tai's wife, the Princess of Fengyi, bore Jue.
103
東魏以光州刺史李元忠為侍中。 元忠雖處要任，不以物務干懷，唯飲酒自娛。 丞相歡欲用為僕射，世子澄言其放達常醉，不可委以台閣。 其子搔聞之，請節酒，元忠曰：「我言作僕射不勝飲酒樂，爾愛僕射，宜勿飲酒。」
Eastern Wei made Li Yuanzhong of Guangzhou Palace Attendant. Though Yuanzhong held a weighty post, worldly affairs did not touch him; he drank for pleasure alone. Gao Huan wished to make him Minister of Works; heir Cheng said he was free and always drunk and unfit for the secretariat. His son Sao asked him to drink less; Yuanzhong said, "Being Minister of Works is not the joy of drinking—if you love that post, you ought not drink."
104
高祖武皇帝十四大同九年（ 癸亥，公元五四三年）
Emperor Wu of Liang, ninth year of Datong ( guihai, AD 543)
105
春，正月，壬戌，東魏大赦，改元武定。
In spring, the first month, on renxu, Eastern Wei proclaimed amnesty and changed the era to Martial Settlement.
106
東魏御史中尉高仲密取吏部郎崔暹之妹，既而棄之，由是與暹有隙。 仲密選用御史，多其親戚鄉黨，高澄奏令改選； 暹方為澄所寵任，仲密疑其構己，愈恨之。 仲密後妻李氏艷而慧，澄見而悅之，李氏不從，衣服皆裂，以告仲密，仲密益怨。 尋出為北豫州刺史，陰謀外叛。 丞相歡疑之，遣鎮城奚壽興典軍事，仲密但知民務。 仲密置酒延壽興，伏壯士，執之，二月，壬申，以虎牢叛，降魏。 魏以仲密為侍中、司徒。
Gao Zhongmi, Eastern Wei Imperial Censor, married Cui Xuan of Personnel's sister, then cast her aside, and quarreled with Xuan. Zhongmi favored kin and townsmen in selecting censors; Gao Cheng had the list changed; Xuan was Cheng's favorite; Zhongmi suspected a frame and hated him more. Zhongmi's later wife Li was beautiful and clever; Cheng desired her; Li refused and her clothes were torn; she told Zhongmi and his hatred grew. Soon he went out as inspector of North Yuzhou and secretly plotted defection. Gao Huan suspected him and sent Xi Shouxing to handle military affairs; Zhongmi handled only civil affairs. Zhongmi feasted Shouxing, hid strong men, and seized him; in the second month, on renshen, he rebelled at Tiger Mound and surrendered to Western Wei. Western Wei made Zhongmi Palace Attendant and Minister of Works.
107
歡以仲密之叛由崔暹，將殺之，高澄匿暹，為之固請，歡曰：「我丐其命，須與苦手。」 澄乃出暹，而謂大行台都官郎陳元康曰：「卿使崔暹得杖，勿復相見。」 元康為之言於歡曰：「大王方以天下付大將軍，大將軍有一崔暹不能免其杖，父子尚爾，況於它人！」 歡乃釋之。
Huan blamed Cui Xuan for the revolt and was about to kill him; Gao Cheng hid Xuan and pleaded; Huan said, "I spare his life, but he must taste the staff." Cheng produced Xuan and told Chen Yuankang of Justice, "If Xuan takes the staff, see me no more." Yuankang told Huan, "You entrust the realm to the Grand General; he has one Cui Xuan and cannot spare him the staff—if father and son are thus, what of others!" Huan released him.
108
高季式在永安戍，仲密遣信報之； 季式走告歡，歡待之如舊。
Gao Jishi garrisoned Yong'an; Zhongmi sent word; Jishi ran to tell Huan, and Huan treated him as before.
109
魏丞相泰帥諸軍以應仲密，以太子少傅李遠為前驅，至洛陽，遣開府儀同三司於謹攻柏谷，拔之； 三月，壬申，圍河橋南城。 東魏丞相歡將兵十萬至河北，泰退軍瀍上，縱火船於上流以燒河橋。 斛律金使行台郎中張亮以小艇百餘載長鎖，伺火船將至，以釘釘之，引鎖向岸，橋遂獲全。
Yuwen Tai led the armies to answer Zhongmi with Li Yuan as vanguard; at Luoyang he sent Yu Jin to storm Cypress Valley and take it; in the third month, on renshen, he besieged the south city at River Bridge. Gao Huan led a hundred thousand to the north bank; Tai withdrew to the Yi and sent fire ships upstream to burn the bridge. Hulü Jin had Zhang Liang take a hundred small boats with long chains; when the fire ships came he nailed them, drew the chains ashore, and the bridge stood.
110
歡渡河，據邙山為陳，不進者數日。 泰留輜重於瀍曲，夜，登邙山以襲歡。 候騎白歡曰：「賊距此四十餘里，蓐食乾飲而來。」 歡曰：「自當渴死！」 乃正陣以待之。 戊申，黎明，泰軍與歡軍遇。 東魏彭樂以數千騎為右甄，沖魏軍之北垂，所向奔潰，遂馳入魏營。 人告彭樂叛，歡甚怒。 俄而西北塵起，樂使來告捷，虜魏侍中、開府儀同三司、大都督臨洮王柬、蜀郡王榮宗、江夏王升、巨鹿王闡、譙郡王亮、詹事趙善及督將僚佐四十八人。 諸將乘勝擊魏，大破之，斬首三萬餘級。
Huan crossed, formed line on Mount Mang, and did not advance for days. Tai left baggage at the Yi bend; at night he climbed Mount Mang to strike Huan. Scouts told Huan, "The enemy is forty li off, eating dry on the march." Huan said, "They will die of thirst themselves!" He set ranks and waited. On wushen, at dawn, Tai's army met Huan's. Peng Yue of Eastern Wei led several thousand horse on the right, shattered the northern flank, and galloped into the Wei camp. Men reported Peng Yue had turned; Huan raged. Soon dust rose northwest; Yue's messenger reported victory—Palace Attendant Prince Dong of Lintao, Prince Rongzong of Shujun, Prince Sheng of Jiangxia, Prince Chan of Julu, Prince Liang of Qiao, Grand Tutor Zhao Shan, and forty-eight officers taken. The generals pressed on and shattered Wei, taking more than thirty thousand heads.
111
歡使彭樂追泰，泰窘，謂樂曰：「汝非彭樂邪？ 癡男子！ 今日無我，明日豈有汝邪！ 何不急還營，收汝金寶！」 樂從其言，獲泰金帶一囊以歸，言於歡曰：「黑獺漏刃，破膽矣！」 歡雖喜其勝而怒其失泰，令伏諸地，親捽其頭，連頓之，並數以沙苑之敗，舉刃將下者三，噤齘良久。 樂曰：「乞五千騎，復為王取之。」 歡曰：「汝縱之何意？ 而言復取邪！」 命取絹三千匹壓樂背，因以賜之。 明日，復戰，泰為中軍，中山公趙貴為左軍，領軍若干惠等為右軍。 中軍、右軍合擊東魏，大破之，悉俘其步卒。 歡失馬，赫連陽順下馬以授歡。 歡上馬走，從者步騎七人，追兵至，親信都督尉興慶曰：「王速去，興慶腰有百箭，足殺百人。」 歡曰：「事濟，以爾為懷州刺史； 若死，用爾子！」 興慶曰：「兒小，願用兄！」 歡許之。 興慶拒戰，矢盡而死。
Huan sent Peng Yue after Tai; Tai was cornered and said, "Are you not Peng Yue? Fool of a man! Today without me, tomorrow will there be you? Why not hurry back and gather your gold and gems!" Yue obeyed, took Tai's gold belt, and told Huan, "The Black Badger slipped the blade—his courage is broken!" Huan was glad of victory but furious Tai escaped; he had Yue lie down, seized his head and knocked it again and again, reckoning Shayuan; thrice he raised the blade and gnashed long. Yue said, "Give me five thousand horse and I will take him again." Huan said, "Why did you let him go? And speak of taking him again!" He ordered three thousand bolts of silk piled on Yue's back, then gave them to him. Next day they fought again; Tai held center, Zhao Gui of Zhongshan the left, Ruogan Hui and others the right. Center and right together shattered Eastern Wei and took every foot soldier. Huan lost his horse; Helian Yangshun dismounted and gave him his. Huan mounted and fled with seven men; pursuers closed; Wei Xingqing said, "My lord, go—I have a hundred arrows, enough for a hundred men." Huan said, "If we win, you are inspector of Hua; if I die, I use your son!" Xingqing said, "My son is small—use my brother!" Huan consented. Xingqing held them until his arrows were spent and died.
112
東魏軍士有逃奔魏者，告以歡所在，泰募勇敢三千人，皆執短兵，配大都督賀拔勝以攻之。 勝識歡於行間，執槊與十三騎逐之，馳數里，槊刃垂及，因字之曰：「賀六渾，賀拔破胡必殺汝！」 歡氣殆絕，河州刺史劉洪徽從傍射勝，中其二騎，武衛將軍段韶射勝馬，斃之。 比副馬至，歡已逸去。 勝歎曰：「今日不執弓矢，天也！」
Eastern Wei deserters told where Huan was; Tai took three thousand brave men with short weapons under Heba Sheng. Sheng knew Huan in the ranks, took his spear with thirteen riders and chased him; the point nearly reached him; he called, "He Liu Hun, Heba Pohu will kill you!" Huan nearly fainted; Liu Honghui of Hezhou shot from the side and dropped two riders; Duan Shao of the Palace Guard shot Sheng's horse dead. Before the spare horse came, Huan was gone. Sheng sighed, "Today I carried no bow—Heaven!"
113
魏南郢州刺史耿令貴，大呼，獨入敵中，鋒刃亂下，人皆謂已死，俄奮刀而還。 如是數四，當令貴前者死傷相繼。 乃謂左右曰：「吾豈樂殺人！ 壯士除賊，不得不爾。 若不能殺賊，又不為賊所傷，何異逐坐人也！」
Geng Linggui, inspector of Nanying in Western Wei, shouted and entered the enemy alone; blades fell everywhere and all thought him dead; then he flourished his sword and came back. He did this four times; those before him fell in heaps. He told his men, "Do I delight in killing! A stalwart rids bandits—he cannot do otherwise. If he neither kills bandits nor is wounded by them, how is he different from one chasing a seat!"
114
左軍趙貴等五將戰不利，東魏兵復振。 泰與戰，又不利。 會日暮，魏兵遂遁，東魏兵追之； 獨孤信、於謹收散卒自後擊之，追兵驚擾，魏諸軍由是得全。 若於惠夜引去，東魏兵追之； 惠徐下馬，顧命廚人營食，食畢，謂左右曰：「長安死，此中死，有以異乎？」 乃建旗鳴角，收散卒徐還； 追騎疑有伏兵，不敢逼。 泰遂入關，屯渭上。
Zhao Gui and five generals on the left fought ill; Eastern Wei rallied. Tai fought again without success. Evening came; Wei fled and Eastern Wei pursued. Dugu Xin and Yu Jin gathered the scattered and struck from behind; pursuers panicked, and every Wei army got clear. Ruogan Hui marched off by night; Eastern Wei pursued. Hui slowly dismounted, had the cook prepare food, and when it was done said, "Die in Chang'an or die here—what difference?" He raised banners, sounded horns, gathered the scattered, and returned at leisure; The pursuers suspected an ambush and did not dare press close. Yuwen Tai then entered the pass and encamped on the north bank of the Wei.
115
歡進至陝，泰使開府儀同三司達奚武等拒之。 行台郎中封子繪言於歡曰：「混壹東西，正在今日。 昔魏太祖平漢中，不乘勝取巴、蜀，失在遲疑，後悔無及。 願大王不以為疑。」 歡深然之，集諸將議進止，鹹以為「野無青草，人馬疲瘦，不可遠追。」 陳元康曰：「兩雄交爭，歲月已久。 今幸而大捷，天授我也，時不可失，當乘勝追之。」 歡曰：「若遇伏兵，孤何以濟？」 元康曰：「王前沙苑失利，彼尚無伏； 今奔敗若此，何能遠謀！ 若捨而不追，必成後患。」 歡不從，使劉豐生將數千騎追泰，遂東歸。
Gao Huan advanced to Shaan; Yuwen Tai sent Daxi Wu and others to block him. Feng Zihui of the mobile headquarters said to Huan, "To unify east and west—the moment is today. Long ago Emperor Taizu of Wei took Hanzhong but did not follow up to seize Ba and Shu; hesitation cost him, and he regretted it ever after. I beg you, my lord, not to doubt it. Huan was deeply persuaded, called his generals to debate whether to advance, and all said, "There is no fresh grass in the fields; men and horses are exhausted—they cannot be chased far." Chen Yuankang said, "Two great rivals have contended for years. Now, by good fortune, we have won a great victory—Heaven has granted it to us. The moment must not be lost; we should press the victory while pursuit is still possible." Huan said, "If we meet an ambush, how shall I escape?" Yuankang said, "When Your Highness lost at Shaxi, they still set no ambush; now they flee in defeat like this—how could they plan far ahead! If you abandon pursuit, you will surely breed future trouble." Huan did not follow the advice. He sent Liu Fengsheng with several thousand horse in pursuit of Tai, then turned east and returned."
116
泰召王思政於玉壁，將使鎮虎牢，未至而泰敗，乃使守恆農。 思政入城，令開門解衣而臥，慰勉將士，示不足畏。 後數日，劉豐生至城下，憚之，不敢進，引軍還。 思政乃修城郭，起樓櫓，營農田，積芻粟，由是恆農始有守禦之備。
Tai summoned Wang Sizheng from Yubi, intending to station him at Hulao; before Sizheng arrived Tai was defeated, so he was sent to hold Hengnong instead. Sizheng entered the city, ordered the gates opened, stripped to his shirt, and lay down—encouraging the troops and showing he had nothing to fear. Several days later Liu Fengsheng reached the foot of the walls; he feared Sizheng, dared not advance, and withdrew his army. Sizheng then repaired the walls, raised towers and parapets, opened fields for garrison farming, and stored fodder and grain—whereby Hengnong first gained real means of defense.
117
丞相泰求自貶，魏主不許。 是役也，魏諸將皆無功，唯耿令貴與太子武衛率王胡仁、都督王文達力戰功多。 泰欲以雍、岐、北雍三州授之，以州有優劣，使探籌取之。 仍賜胡仁名勇，令貴名豪，文達名信，用彰其功。 於是廣募關、隴豪右以增軍旅。
Chancellor Tai asked to be demoted; the Wei sovereign would not permit it. In this campaign the Wei generals all won no merit; only Geng Linggui, Crown Prince Martial Guard Commandant Wang Huren, and Supervisor Wang Wenda fought hard and achieved much. Tai wished to grant them Yong, Qi, and Northern Yong provinces; because the provinces differed in quality, he had them draw lots to choose. He also bestowed on Huren the name Yong, on Linggui the name Hao, and on Wenda the name Xin, to make their merit manifest. Thereupon he widely recruited powerful families of Guan and Long to enlarge the army.
118
高仲密之將叛也，陰遣人扇動冀州豪傑，使為內應，東魏遣高隆之馳驛慰撫，由是得安。 高澄密書與隆之曰：「仲密枝黨與之俱西者，宜悉收其家屬，以懲將來。」 隆之以為恩旨既行，理無追改，若復收治，示民不信，脫致驚擾，所虧不細，乃啟丞相歡而罷之。
When Gao Zhongmi was about to rebel, he secretly sent men to stir the powerful families of Jizhou to act as inner supporters; Eastern Wei sent Gao Longzhi post-haste by relay to comfort and pacify them, and thus the region was kept quiet. Gao Cheng sent a secret letter to Longzhi saying, "Of Zhongmi's branch and party who went west with him, you should seize all their families to warn those who come after." Longzhi held that since the grace-edict had already been issued, it was unreasonable to reverse it; if they seized and punished them again it would show the people the court did not keep faith, and should alarm and disturbance arise the loss would not be slight—he memorialized Chancellor Huan and the matter was dropped.
119
以太子詹事謝舉為尚書僕射。
Crown Prince Household Aide Xie Ju was made Vice Director of the Masters of Writing.
120
夏，四月，林邑王攻李賁，賁將范修破林邑於九德。
In summer, the fourth month, the king of Linyi attacked Li Ben; Ben's general Fan Xiu defeated Linyi at Jiude.
121
清水氐酋李鼠仁，乘魏之敗，據險作亂； 隴右大都督獨孤信屢遣軍擊之，不克。 丞相泰遣典簽天水趙昶往諭之，諸酋長聚議，或從或否； 其不從者欲加刃於昶，昶神色自若，辭氣逾厲，鼠仁感悟，遂相帥降。 氐酋梁道顯叛，泰復遣昶諭降之，徙其豪帥四十餘人並部落於華州，泰即以昶為都督，使領之。
Li Shuren, Di chieftain of Qingshui, took advantage of Wei's defeat to seize the passes and rise in rebellion; Grand Commander of the Right Dugu Xin repeatedly sent troops to strike him but could not overcome him. Chancellor Tai sent Registry Clerk Zhao Chang of Tianshui to instruct them; the chieftains gathered to deliberate, some assenting and some refusing; those who refused wished to set blades to Chang, but Chang's expression stayed calm and his words grew ever sterner; Shuren was moved to understanding, and they thereupon led one another in submission. The Di chieftain Liang Daoxian rebelled; Tai again sent Chang to instruct him to submit, moved more than forty of their powerful chiefs together with their tribes to Huazhou, and made Chang colonel to command them.
122
泰使諜潛入虎牢，令守將魏光固守。 侯景獲之，改其書云：「宜速去。」 縱諜入城，光宵遁。 景獲高仲密妻子送鄴，北豫、洛二州復入於東魏。 五月，壬辰，東魏以克復虎牢，降死罪已下囚，唯不赦高仲密家。 丞相歡以高乾有義勳，高昂死王事，季式先自告，皆為之請，免其從坐。 仲密妻李氏當死，高澄盛服見之，曰：「今日何如？」 李氏默然，遂納之。 乙未，以侯景為司空。
Tai sent a spy secretly into Hulao and ordered the defending general Wei Guang to hold firm. Hou Jing captured him and altered the letter to read, "You should leave at once." He released the spy into the city; Guang fled by night. Jing seized Gao Zhongmi's wife and children and sent them to Ye; Northern Yu and Luo provinces again fell to Eastern Wei. In the fifth month, on renchen, Eastern Wei, for recovering Hulao, reduced the punishment of prisoners down to capital crimes, pardoning all below that rank, but did not pardon Zhongmi's household alone. Chancellor Huan, because Gao Gan had merit of righteousness, Gao Ang died in the king's service, and Jishi had reported himself first, all pleaded on their behalf and exempted them from joint punishment. Zhongmi's wife Lady Li was due for execution; Gao Cheng came to see her in full dress and said, "How is it today?" Lady Li was silent; he thereupon took her in. On yiwei, Hou Jing was made Minister of Works.
123
秋，七月，魏大赦。 以王盟為太傅，廣平王贊為司空。
In autumn, the seventh month, Wei proclaimed a general amnesty. Wang Meng was made Grand Tutor and the Prince of Guangping, Zan, Minister of Works.
124
八月，乙丑，東魏以汾州刺史斛律金為大司馬。
In the eighth month, on yichou, Eastern Wei made Fenzhou inspector Helü Jin Grand Marshal.
125
東魏遣兼散騎常侍李渾等來聘。
Eastern Wei sent Acting Palace Attendant Li Hun and others on a friendly embassy.
126
冬，十一月，甲午，東魏主狩於西山； 乙巳，還宮。 高澄啟解侍中，東魏主以其弟并州刺史太原公洋代之。 丞相歡築長城於肆州北山，西自馬陵，東至土□登，四十日罷。
In winter, the eleventh month, on jiawu, the Eastern Wei ruler hunted on Western Mountain; on yisi he returned to the palace. Gao Cheng memorialized to resign as Palace Attendant; the Eastern Wei ruler had his younger brother, Bingzhou inspector the Duke of Taiyuan, Yang, replace him. Chancellor Huan built a long wall on the northern mountains of Sizhou, west from Maling east to Tudeng, finishing in forty days.
127
魏諸牧守共謁丞相泰，泰命河北太守裴俠別立，謂諸牧守曰：「裴俠清慎奉公，為天下最。 有如俠者，可與俱立！」 眾默然，無敢應者。 泰乃厚賜俠，朝野歎服，號為「獨立君」。
The Wei prefects and governors all came to call on Chancellor Tai; Tai ordered Hebei prefect Pei Xia to stand apart and said to the prefects and governors, "Pei Xia is pure, cautious, and serves the public—he is the finest under Heaven. If any are like Xia, you may stand with him!" All were silent; none dared answer. Tai then richly rewarded Xia; court and countryside admired him and called him "the Stand-Alone Lord."
128
高祖武皇帝十四大同十年（ 甲子，公元五四四年）
Emperor Wu of Liang, fourteenth year of Datong ( jiazi, AD 544)
129
春，正月，李賁自稱越帝，置百官，改元天德。
In spring, the first month, Li Ben styled himself Emperor of Yue, set up the hundred offices, and changed the era name to Tiande.
130
三月，癸巳，東魏丞相歡巡行冀、定二州，校河北戶口損益，因朝於鄴。
In the third month, on guisi, Eastern Wei Chancellor Huan toured Jizhou and Dingzhou, checked the gain and loss of household registers north of the Yellow River, and on that account attended court at Ye.
131
甲午，上幸蘭陵，謁建寧陵，使太子入守宮城； 辛丑，謁脩陵。
On jiawu the emperor visited Lanling, paid respects at Jianning Mausoleum, and had the crown prince enter to guard the palace; on xinchou he paid respects at Xiuling.
132
丙午，東魏以開府儀同三司孫騰為太保。
On bingwu, Eastern Wei made Palace Gate General of the First Rank Sun Teng Grand Guardian.
133
己酉，上幸京口城北固樓，更名北顧； 庚戌，幸回賓亭，宴鄉里故老及所經近縣迎候者，少長數千人，各賚錢二千。
On jiyou the emperor visited the Beigu Tower north of Jingkou and renamed it North Gaze; on gengxu he visited Huibin Pavilion, feasted the elders of his native place and those from nearby counties who had come to welcome him—young and old numbering several thousand—and gave each two thousand cash.
134
壬子，東魏以高澄為大將軍、領中書監，元弼為錄尚書事，左僕射司馬子如為尚書令，侍中高洋為左僕射。
On renzi, Eastern Wei made Gao Cheng Grand General and Director of the Masters of Writing, Yuan Bi Recorder of the Affairs of the Masters of Writing, Left Vice Director Sima Ziru Director of the Masters of Writing, and Palace Attendant Gao Yang Left Vice Director.
135
丞相歡多在晉陽，孫騰、司馬子如、高岳、高隆之，皆歡之親舊，委以朝政，鄴中謂之四貴，其權勢熏灼中外，率多專恣驕貪。 歡欲損奪其權，故以澄為大將軍、領中書監，移門下機事總歸中書，文武賞罰皆稟於澄。 孫騰見澄，不肯盡敬，澄叱左右牽下於床，築以刀環，立之門外。 太原公洋於澄前拜高隆之，呼為叔父，澄怒罵之。 歡謂群公曰：「兒子浸長，公宜避之。」 於是公卿以下，見澄無不聳懼。 庫狄干，澄姑之婿也，自定州來謁，立於門外，三日乃得見。
Chancellor Huan was often at Jinyang; Sun Teng, Sima Ziru, Gao Yue, and Gao Longzhi were all Huan's intimates, entrusted with court government—Ye called them the Four Dignitaries; their power scorched within and without, and for the most part they were willful, arrogant, and greedy. Huan wished to curtail their power, and therefore made Cheng Grand General and Director of the Masters of Writing, shifting the Secretariat's business in total to the Masters of Writing; civil and military rewards and punishments all were reported to Cheng. When Sun Teng saw Cheng he would not show full respect; Cheng shouted for attendants to drag him down from the couch, beat him with sword rings, and set him standing outside the gate. The Duke of Taiyuan, Yang, bowed to Gao Longzhi before Cheng and called him uncle; Cheng cursed him in anger. Huan told the assembled lords, "Sons grow daily; you lords ought to give way." Thereupon from the dukes and ministers downward, all who saw Cheng did so in dread. Kudi Gan, Cheng's aunt's son-in-law, came from Dingzhou to call; he stood outside the gate three days before he was received.
136
澄欲置腹心於東魏主左右，擢中兵參軍崔季舒為中書侍郎。 澄每進書於帝，有所諫請，或文辭繁雜，季舒輒修飾通之。 帝報澄父子之語，常與季舒論之，曰：「崔中書，我乳母也。」 季舒，挺之從子也。
Cheng wished to place trusted men at the Eastern Wei ruler's side and promoted Central Army Staff Member Cui Jishu to Secretariat Attendant. Whenever Cheng forwarded a memorial to the emperor with remonstrance or request, if the wording was tangled Jishu would revise and make it clear. The emperor, in reporting Cheng and his father's words, often discussed them with Jishu and said, "Director Cui is my wet nurse." Jishu was a nephew of Cui Ting's.
137
夏，四月，乙卯，上還自蘭陵。
In summer, the fourth month, on yimao, the emperor returned from Lanling.
138
五月，甲申朔，魏丞相泰朝於長安。
In the fifth month, on the new moon of jiashen, Wei Chancellor Tai attended court at Chang'an.
139
甲午，東魏遣散騎常侍魏季景來聘。 季景，收之族叔也。
On jiawu, Eastern Wei sent Palace Attendant Wei Jijing on a friendly embassy. Jijing was a clansman of Wei Shou.
140
尚書令何敬容妾弟盜官米，以書屬領軍河東王譽； 丁酉，敬容坐免官。
Director of the Masters of Writing He Jingrong's younger brother by a concubine stole official grain and used a letter to ask Military Supervisor Prince Yu of Hedong for favor; on dingyou Jingrong was removed from office for the crime.
141
東魏廣陽王湛卒。
Eastern Wei Prince Zhan of Guangyang died.
142
魏琅邪貞獻公賀拔勝諸子在東者，丞相歡盡殺之，勝憤恨發疾而卒。 丞相泰常謂人曰：「諸將對敵神色皆動，唯賀拔公臨陳如平時，真大勇也！」
The sons of Wei Duke of Langye, the Loyal and Offering Helüba Sheng, who were in the east, Chancellor Huan killed them all; Sheng died of rage and illness. Chancellor Tai often told others, "When the generals face the enemy their expressions all change; only Duke Helüba at battle is as at ordinary times—true great courage!"
143
秋，七月，魏更權衡度量，命尚書蘇綽損益三十六條之制，總為五卷，頒行之。 搜簡賢才為牧守令長，皆依新制而遣焉。 數年之間，百姓便之。
In autumn, the seventh month, Wei revised weights and measures, ordered Master of Writing Su Chuo to revise the thirty-six-article code for gain and loss, compiled it in five scrolls in all, and promulgated it. He searched out the worthy to be prefects, governors, and magistrates, and dispatched them all according to the new code. Within several years the common people found it convenient.
144
魏自正光以後，政刑弛縱，在位多貪污。 丞相歡啟以司州中從事宋游道為御史中尉，澄固請以吏部郎崔暹為之，以游道為尚書左丞。 澄謂暹、游道曰：「卿一人處南台，一人處北省，當使天下肅然。」 暹選畢義雲等為御史，時稱得人。 義雲，眾敬之曾孫也。 澄欲假暹威勢，諸公在坐，令暹後至，通名，高視徐步，兩人挈裾而入； 澄分庭對揖，暹不讓而坐，觴再行，即辭去。 澄留之食，暹曰：「適受敕在台檢校。」 遂不待食而去，澄降階送之。 它日，澄與諸公出，之東山，遇暹於道，前驅為赤棒所擊，澄回馬避之。
From Zhenguang onward Wei government and punishments had grown lax; those in office were mostly corrupt. Chancellor Huan memorialized to make Song Youdao of Sizhou Central Army Attendant Censor-in-Chief; Cheng firmly asked that Ministry of Personnel Attendant Cui Xuan be made to the post, with Youdao as Left Vice Director of the Masters of Writing. Cheng told Xuan and Youdao, "You, one at the Southern Terrace and one at the Northern Bureau, should make all under Heaven stand in awe." Xuan chose Bi Yiyun and others as censors; the age called it obtaining the right men. Yiyun was a great-grandson of Bi Zhongjing. Cheng wished to borrow Xuan's awesomeness; when the lords were seated he had Xuan arrive last, announce his name, walk in with high gaze and slow step, two men lifting his robe; Cheng met him with equal bows across the courtyard; Xuan did not yield but sat, and after two rounds of wine at once took leave. Cheng kept him to eat; Xuan said, "I have just received orders to inspect at the Terrace." He thereupon left without waiting for the meal; Cheng descended the steps to see him off. Another day Cheng went out with the lords to Eastern Mountain and met Xuan on the road; the outriders were struck by red staffs and Cheng turned his horse aside.
145
尚書令司馬子如以丞相歡故人，當重任，意氣自高，與太師咸陽王坦貪黷無厭； 暹前後彈子如、坦及并州刺史可朱渾道元等罪狀，無不極筆。 宋游道亦劾子如、坦及太保孫騰、司徒高隆之、司空侯景、尚書元羨等。 澄收子如繫獄，一宿，發盡白，辭曰：「司馬子如從夏州策杖投相王，王給露車一乘，豢牸牛犢，犢在道死，唯豢角存，此外皆取之於人。」 丞相歡以書敕澄曰：「司馬令，吾之故舊，汝宜寬之。」 澄駐馬行街，出子如，脫其鎖； 子如懼曰：「非作事邪？」 八月，癸酉，削子如官爵。 九月，甲申，以濟陰王暉業為太尉； 太師咸陽王坦以王還第，元羨等皆免官，其餘死黜者甚眾。 久之，歡見子如，哀其憔悴，以膝承其首，親為擇虱，賜酒百瓶，羊五百口，米五百石。
Director of the Masters of Writing Sima Ziru, as Chancellor Huan's old friend, held heavy responsibility and was proud in spirit; he and Grand Master Prince Tan of Xianyang were insatiably greedy; Xuan impeached Ziru, Tan, and Bingzhou inspector Kezhunhun Daoyuan and others for crimes, in every case to the full limit of the brush. Song Youdao also impeached Ziru, Tan, and Grand Guardian Sun Teng, Minister of Works Gao Longzhi, Minister of Works Hou Jing, and Master of Writing Yuan Xian and others. Cheng seized Ziru and imprisoned him; in one night his hair turned entirely white. His statement read, "Sima Ziru came from Xiazhou leaning on a staff to join the Prince-Regent; the Prince gave one covered cart, a cow and calf for rearing—the calf died on the road and only the horns of the rearing cow remain; beyond that everything was taken from others." Chancellor Huan sent a letter commanding Cheng, "Director Sima is my old friend; you should treat him leniently." Cheng halted his horse in the street, released Ziru, and removed his fetters; Ziru said in fear, "This is not a capital case?" In the eighth month, on guiyou, Ziru's office and rank were stripped. In the ninth month, on jiashen, Prince Ye of Jiyin was made Grand Commandant; Grand Master Prince Tan of Xianyang was returned to his estate as a prince; Yuan Xian and others were all removed from office, and of the rest many were executed or dismissed. After a long while Huan saw Ziru, pitied his haggard look, supported his head on his knee, personally picked lice for him, and gave a hundred jars of wine, five hundred sheep, and five hundred piculs of grain.
146
高澄對諸貴極言褒美崔暹，且戒屬之。 丞相歡書與鄴下諸貴曰：「崔暹居憲台，咸陽王、司馬令皆吾布衣之舊，尊貴親暱，無過二人，同時獲罪，吾不能救，諸君其慎之！」
Gao Cheng spoke to the dignitaries at length in praise of Cui Xuan and also warned them to heed him. Chancellor Huan wrote to the dignitaries at Ye, "Cui Xuan holds the Censorate; Prince Tan of Xianyang and Director Sima are both my old companions in plain cloth—none more honored or intimate than those two—yet both fell into crime at once and I could not save them; you lords, take care!"
147
宋游道奏駁尚書違失數百條，省中豪吏王儒之徒並鞭斥之，令、僕已下皆側目。 高隆之誣游道有不臣之言，罪當死。 給事黃門侍郎楊愔曰：「畜狗求吠； 今以數吠殺之，恐將來無復吠狗。」 游道竟坐除名。 澄謂游道曰：「卿早從我向并州，不爾，彼經略殺卿。」 游道從澄至晉陽，以為大行台吏部。
Song Youdao memorialized to refute several hundred errors of the Masters of Writing; the powerful clerks Wang Ru and others in the bureau were all flogged and driven out, and from directors and vice directors downward all looked askance. Gao Longzhi slandered Youdao with words of disloyalty; the crime merited death. Palace Attendant Yang Yin said, "One keeps a dog to make it bark; now you kill it for barking a few times—I fear hereafter there will be no dog left to bark." Youdao was punished by removal from office in the end. Cheng told Youdao, "If you had followed me early to Bingzhou it would not have been so; otherwise Longzhi would have killed you." Youdao followed Cheng to Jinyang and was made Personnel Director of the Grand Eastern Office.
148
己丑，大赦。
On jichou, a general amnesty.
149
東魏以喪亂之後，戶口失實，徭賦不均。 冬，十月，丁巳，以太保孫騰、大司徒高隆之為括戶大使，分行諸州，得無籍之戶六十餘萬，僑居者皆勒還本屬。 十一月，甲申，以高隆之錄尚書事，以前大司馬婁昭為司徒。
After the disorders Eastern Wei's household registers no longer matched reality and corvée and tax were uneven. In winter, the tenth month, on dingsi, Grand Guardian Sun Teng and Grand Minister of Works Gao Longzhi were made commissioners for registering households, touring the provinces separately; they obtained more than six hundred thousand households without registers, and all who had moved away were compelled to return to their original jurisdictions. In the eleventh month, on jiashen, Gao Longzhi was made Recorder of the Affairs of the Masters of Writing, and former Grand Marshal Lou Zhao Minister of Works.
150
庚子，東魏主祀圜丘。
On gengzi the Eastern Wei ruler sacrificed at the Round Mound.
151
東魏丞相歡襲擊山胡，破之，俘萬餘戶，分配諸州。
Eastern Wei Chancellor Huan raided the Mountain Hu, defeated them, captured more than ten thousand households, and distributed them among the provinces.
152
是歲，東魏以散騎常侍魏收兼中書侍郎，修國史。 自梁、魏通好，魏書每云：「想彼境內寧靜，此率土安和。」 上復書，去「彼」字而已。 收始定書云：「想境內清晏，今萬里安和。」 上亦效之。
That year Eastern Wei made Acting Palace Attendant Wei Shou also Secretariat Attendant to compile the national history. Since Liang and Wei were on good terms, Wei letters always said, "We trust your realm is tranquil within; our whole land is at peace." The emperor in reply removed only the word "your." Shou first fixed the letter to read, "We trust the realm is clear and calm; now ten thousand li are at peace." The emperor imitated that as well.