1
資治通鑑第287卷
Comprehensive Mirror in Aid of Governance, Volume 287
2
【後漢紀二】起強圉協洽五月，盡著雍涒灘二月，不滿一年。
[Later Han Records 2] From Qiangyu Xieqia (fifth month) through Zhuoyong Tantan (second month)—less than one year in all.
3
高祖睿文聖武昭肅孝皇帝中天福十二年（ 丁未，公元九四七年）
In the twelfth year of Tianfu of Emperor Gaozu, posthumously styled Ruiwen Shengwu Zhaosu Xiaohuangdi ( dingwei, corresponding to 947 CE)
4
五月，乙酉塑，永康王兀欲召延壽及張礪、和凝、李崧、馮道於所館飲酒。 兀欲妻素以兄事延壽，兀欲從容謂延壽曰：「妹自上國來，寧欲見之乎？」 延壽欣然與之俱入。 良久，兀欲出，謂礪等曰：「燕王謀反，適已鎖之矣。」 又曰：「先帝在汴時，遺我一籌，許我知南朝軍國。 近者臨崩，別無遺詔。 而燕王擅自知南朝軍國，豈理邪！」 下令：「延壽親黨，皆釋不問。」 間一日，兀欲至待賢館受蕃、漢官謁賀，笑謂張礪等曰：「燕王果於此禮上，吾以鐵騎圍之，諸公亦不免矣。」
In the fifth month, on the first day of the month (yiyou), Prince Yongkang Wang Yelü Ruan summoned Feng Yanshou, Zhang Li, He Ning, Li Song, and Feng Dao to drink at his lodge. Ruan's wife had long addressed Yanshou as an elder brother. Ruan said casually to him, "My sister has arrived from the north—would you care to see her?" Yanshou gladly went inside with him. After some time Ruan came out and told Li and the rest, "The Prince of Yan was plotting rebellion—I have just had him locked up." He went on, "When the late emperor was at Bian, he left me one tally and allowed me to oversee the Southern Court's military and civil affairs. As he lay dying recently, he issued no other testamentary edict. Yet the Prince of Yan took it upon himself to manage those affairs—how can that be justified!" He ordered, "All of Yanshou's kin and associates are to be released without inquiry." The next day Ruan went to the Hall of Awaiting the Worthy to receive homage from Khitan and Han officials. He said with a laugh to Zhang Li and the others, "Had the Prince of Yan actually come to this ceremony, I would have surrounded him with armored cavalry—you would not have escaped either."
5
後數日，集蕃、漢之臣於府署，宣契丹主遺制。 其略曰：「永康王，大聖皇帝之嫡孫，人皇王之長子，太后鍾愛，群情允歸，可於中京即皇帝位。」 於是始舉哀成服。 既而易吉服見群臣，不復行喪，歌吹之聲不絕於內。
Several days later he gathered Khitan and Han ministers at the government offices and announced the late Khitan emperor's testamentary instructions. The gist was: "Prince Yongkang Wang, legitimate grandson of the Great Sage Emperor and eldest son of the Human Sovereign King, beloved by the empress dowager and approved by all, may ascend the throne at the Central Capital." Only then did he begin mourning and put on mourning dress. Soon afterward he changed into court dress to receive the ministers, abandoned mourning observances, and music and revelry never ceased within the palace.
6
辛巳，以絳州防禦使王晏為建雄節度使。
On xinsi, Jiang Prefecture defense commissioner Wang Yan was appointed military commissioner of Jianxiong.
7
帝集群臣庭議進取，諸將咸請出師井陘，攻取鎮、魏，先定河北，則河南拱手自服。 帝欲自石會趨上黨，郭威曰：「虜主雖死，黨眾猶盛，各據堅城。 我出河北，兵少路迂，傍無應援，若群虜合勢，共擊我軍，進則遮前，退則邀後，糧餉路絕，此危道也。 上黨山路險澀，粟少民殘，無以供億，亦不可由。 近者陝、晉二鎮，相繼款附，引兵從之，萬無一失，不出兩旬，洛、汴定矣。」 帝曰：「卿言是也。」 蘇逢吉等曰：「史弘肇大軍已屯上黨，群虜繼遁，不若出天井，抵孟津為便。」 司天奏：「太歲在午，不利南行。 宜由晉、絳抵陝。」 帝從之。 辛卯，詔以十二日發北京，告諭諸道。
The emperor convened the ministers in open court to discuss the advance. The generals all urged marching through Jingxing Pass to seize Zhen and Wei, secure Hebei first, and Henan would then submit of its own accord. The emperor wanted to advance personally from Shihui toward Shangdang. Guo Wei said, "Though the Khitan ruler is dead, his followers remain strong, each holding a fortified city. If we march through Hebei, our forces are few and the route long, with no allies nearby. If the Khitan unite and attack us together, they can block us ahead and ambush us behind, cutting off our supplies—that is a deadly route. The Shangdang route is steep and treacherous, grain is scarce and the people exhausted—there is nothing to sustain an army. That way is impossible too. Shaan and Jin circuits have lately submitted one after another. March along that line and we cannot fail—in less than twenty days Luoyang and Bian will be ours." The emperor said, "You are right." Su Fengji and others said, "Shi Hongzhao's main force is already at Shangdang and the Khitan are retreating in succession. It would be better to march out through Tianjing Pass and reach Mengjin." The Directorate of Astronomy reported, "The Year Star stands in wu—travel south is ill-omened. The army should go by Jin and Jiang to reach Shaan." The emperor agreed. On xinmao, an edict fixed the twelfth as the day to depart the Northern Capital, and all circuits were notified.
8
甲午，以太原尹崇為北京留守，以趙州刺史李存瑰為副留守，河東幕僚真定李驤為少尹，牙將太原蔚進為馬步指揮使以佐之。 存瑰，唐莊宗之從弟也。
On jiawu, Taiyuan intendant Chong was appointed regent of the Northern Capital; Zhao prefecture inspector Li Cungui became deputy regent; Hedong staff officer Li Zan of Zhending became junior intendant; and garrison officer Wei Jin of Taiyuan was made commander of horse and foot to assist them. Cungui was a younger cousin of Emperor Zhuangzong of Tang.
9
是日，劉晞棄洛陽，奔大梁。
That same day Liu Xi abandoned Luoyang and fled to Daliang.
10
武安節度副使、天策府都尉、領鎮南節度使馬希廣，楚文昭王希範之母弟也，性謹順，希範愛之，使判內外諸司事。 壬辰夜，希範卒，將佐議所立。 都指揮所張少敵，都押牙袁友恭，以武平節度使知永州事希萼，於希範諸弟為最長，請立之。 長直都指揮使劉彥瑫、天策府學士李弘皋、鄧懿文、小門使楊滌皆欲立希廣。 張少敵曰：「永州齒長而性剛，必不為都尉之下明矣。 必立都尉，當思長策以制永州，使帖然不動則可。 不然，社稷危矣。」 彥瑫等不從。 天策府學士拓跋恆曰：「三十五郎雖判軍府之政，然三十郎居長，請遣使以禮讓之。 不然，必起爭端。」 彥瑫等皆曰：「今日軍政在手，天與不取，使它人得之，異日吾輩安所自容乎！」 希廣懦弱，不能自決。 乙未，彥瑫等稱希範遺命，共立之。 張少敵退而歎曰：「禍其始此乎！」 與拓跋恆皆稱疾不出。
Ma Xiguang, deputy military commissioner of Wu'an, commandant of the Tiancefu, and concurrent military commissioner of Zhennan, was a younger brother of Chu King Wenzhao Ma Xifan by the same mother. Gentle and dutiful by nature, Xifan favored him and put him in charge of all internal and external offices. On the night of renchen Xifan died, and his officers debated whom to enthrone. Director of the command headquarters Zhang Shaodi and chief adjutant Yuan Yougong urged enthroning Ma Xie, military commissioner of Wuping and administrator of Yongzhou, as the eldest of Xifan's brothers. Chief director of the long guard Liu Yanchuang, Tiancefu academicians Li Honggao and Deng Yiwen, and junior gate commissioner Yang Di all favored enthroning Xiguang. Zhang Shaodi said, "Yongzhou is older and headstrong—he will plainly not accept subordination to the commandant. If you must enthrone the commandant, you need a long-term plan to keep Yongzhou in check and docile—only then will it work. Otherwise the realm itself is in danger." Liu Yanchuang and the others would not listen. Tiancefu academician Tuoba Heng said, "Though the thirty-fifth lord now runs the military government, the thirtieth lord is senior. Send envoys to yield the throne to him with proper ceremony. Otherwise strife is certain to break out." Liu Yanchuang and the rest said, "Military and civil power are in our hands today. Heaven offers and we refuse—if another takes the throne, where will we stand tomorrow!" Xiguang was timid and could not decide for himself. On yiwei Liu Yanchuang and the others, citing Xifan's testamentary command, jointly enthroned him. Zhang Shaodi withdrew and sighed, "Does disaster begin here?" He and Tuoba Heng both pleaded illness and stayed away.
11
丙申，帝發太原，自陰地關出晉、絳。
On bingshen the emperor departed Taiyuan and marched out through Yindi Pass toward Jin and Jiang.
12
丁酉，史弘肇奏克澤州。 始，弘肇攻澤州，刺史翟令奇固守不下。 帝以弘肇兵少，欲召還。 蘇逢吉、楊邠曰：「今陝、晉、河陽皆已向化，崔廷勳、耿崇美朝夕遁去； 若召弘肇還，則河南人心動搖，虜勢復壯矣。」 帝未決，使人諭指於弘肇。 弘肇曰：「兵已及此，勢如破竹，可進不可退。」 與逢吉等議合。 帝乃從之。 弘肇遣部將李萬超說令奇，令奇乃降。 弘肇以萬超權知澤州。
On dingyou Shi Hongzhao reported the capture of Ze Prefecture. Earlier Hongzhao had attacked Ze Prefecture, but prefect Zhai Lingqi held firm and would not yield. The emperor thought Hongzhao's force was too small and wanted to recall him. Su Fengji and Yang Bin said, "Shaan, Jin, and Heyang have all submitted now. Cui Tingxun and Geng Chongmei will flee within days; if you recall Hongzhao, hearts in Henan will waver and Khitan strength will revive." The emperor hesitated and sent a messenger to sound out Hongzhao. Hongzhao said, "The army has come this far; momentum is like splitting bamboo—we can only advance, not retreat." This matched Fengji's view and the rest. The emperor then agreed. Hongzhao sent his subordinate Li Wanchao to persuade Lingqi, and Lingqi surrendered. Hongzhao appointed Wanchao acting administrator of Ze Prefecture.
13
崔廷勳、耿崇美、奚王拽剌合兵逼河陽，張遇帥眾數千救之，戰於南阪，敗死。 武行德出戰，亦敗，閉城自守。 拽剌欲攻之，廷勳曰：「今北軍已去，得此何用！ 且殺一夫猶可惜，況一城乎！」 聞弘肇已得澤州，乃釋河陽，還保懷州。 弘肇將至，廷勳等擁眾北遁，過衛州，大掠而去。 契丹在河南者相繼北去，弘肇引兵與武行德合。 弘肇為人，沉毅寡言，御眾嚴整，將校小不從命，立撾殺之。 士卒所過，犯民田及繫馬於樹者，皆斬之。 軍中惕息，莫敢犯令，故所向必克。 帝自晉陽安行入洛及汴，兵不血刃，皆弘肇之力也。 帝由是倚愛之。
Cui Tingxun, Geng Chongmei, and the Xi king Zhuaila combined forces to threaten Heyang. Zhang Yu led several thousand men to relieve the city; they fought at South Slope, and Zhang was defeated and killed. Wu Xingde marched out to fight and was defeated as well; he shut the gates and held the city. Zhuaila wanted to storm the city. Tingxun said, "The northern army has already withdrawn—what good is taking this place! Besides, killing even one man is a pity—how much more an entire city!" Learning that Hongzhao had taken Ze Prefecture, they abandoned Heyang and withdrew to defend Huai Prefecture. As Hongzhao approached, Tingxun and the others fled north with their troops; passing through Wei Prefecture they looted heavily and continued on. The Khitan in Henan withdrew north in succession, and Hongzhao joined forces with Wu Xingde. Hongzhao was deep, resolute, and sparing of speech. He commanded with iron discipline: any officer who disobeyed, however minor the offense, was beaten to death on the spot. Wherever his soldiers marched, anyone who trampled farmland or tied a horse to a tree was beheaded. The army trembled before him; none dared break discipline, and so they prevailed wherever they marched. The emperor marched safely from Jinyang into Luoyang and Bian without shedding blood—all owing to Hongzhao. From this the emperor came to rely on and favor him.
14
辛丑，帝至霍邑，遣使諭河中節度使趙匡贊，仍以契丹囚其父延壽告之。
On xinchou the emperor reached Huoyi and sent envoys to Hedong military commissioner Zhao Kuangzan, informing him as well that the Khitan held his father Yanshou prisoner.
15
滋德宮有宮人五十餘人，蕭翰欲取之，宦者張環不與。 翰破鎖奪宮人，執環，燒鐵灼之，腹爛而死。
Zide Palace held more than fifty palace women. Xiao Han wanted to seize them, but eunuch Zhang Huan refused. Han broke the locks, seized the women, seized Huan, and burned him with red-hot iron until his belly rotted and he died.
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初，翰聞帝擁兵而南，欲北歸。 恐中國無主，必大亂，己不得從容而去。 時唐明宗子許王從益與王淑妃在洛陽，翰遣高謨翰迎之，矯稱契丹主命，又以從益知南朝軍國事，召己赴恆州。 淑妃、從益匿於徽陵下宮，不得已而出。 至大梁，翰立以為帝，帥諸酋長拜之，以禮部尚書王松、御史中丞趙遠為宰相，前宣徽使甄城翟光鄴為樞密使，左金吾大將軍王景崇為宣徽使，以北來指揮使劉祚權侍衛親軍都指揮使，充在京巡檢。 松，徽之子也。 百官謁見淑妃，淑妃泣曰：「吾母子單弱如此，而為諸公所推，是禍吾家也！」 翰留燕兵千人守諸門，為從益宿衛。 壬寅，翰及劉晞辭行，從益餞於北郊。 遣使召高行周於宋州，武行德於河陽，皆不至。 淑妃懼，召大臣謀之曰：「吾母子為蕭翰所逼，分當滅亡。 諸公無罪，宜早迎新主，自求多福，勿以吾母子為意！」 眾感其言，皆未忍叛去。 或曰：「今集諸營，不減五千，與燕兵並力堅守一月，北救必至。」 淑妃曰：「吾母子亡國之餘，安敢與人爭天下！ 不幸至此，死生惟人所裁。 若新主見察，當知我無所負。 今更為計畫，則禍及他人，闔城塗炭，終何益乎！」 眾猶欲拒守，三司使文安劉審交曰：「余燕人，豈不為燕兵計！ 顧事有不可如何者。 今城中大亂之餘，公私窮竭，遺民無幾，若復受圍一月，無□類矣。 願諸公勿復言，一從太妃處分。」 乃用趙遠、翟光鄴策，稱梁王，知軍國事。 遣使奉表稱臣迎帝，請早赴京師，仍出居私第。
Earlier, when Han heard that the emperor was marching south with an army, he wished to return north. He feared that without a ruler in China there would be chaos and he could not withdraw at leisure. Tang Emperor Mingzong's son Prince Xu Li Congyi and Consort Wang were then in Luoyang. Han sent Gao Mohan to fetch them, falsely claiming Khitan orders, installed Congyi to oversee the Southern Court's military and civil affairs, and summoned himself to Hengzhou. Consort Wang and Congyi hid in the lower palace at Huiling but had no choice but to emerge. At Daliang Han enthroned Congyi, led the chieftains to bow to him, appointed Minister of Rites Wang Song and censor-in-chief Zhao Yuan as chancellors, former palace domestic service commissioner Zhai Guangye of Zhencheng as bureau of military affairs commissioner, Left Golden Crow general Wang Jingchong as palace domestic service commissioner, and northern commander Liu Zuo as acting commander of the palace attendant army and capital inspector. Song was the son of Hui. The officials paid homage to Consort Wang. She wept and said, "My son and I are so helpless, yet you gentlemen have pushed us forward—this will bring ruin on our house!" Han left a thousand Yan troops to guard the gates as Congyi's night guard. On renyin Han and Liu Xi took their leave to depart; Congyi entertained them at the northern suburb. He sent envoys to summon Gao Xingzhou at Song Prefecture and Wu Xingde at Heyang; neither came. Consort Wang grew afraid and summoned the ministers, saying, "My son and I were forced by Xiao Han—we deserve to perish. You are innocent. Welcome the new ruler early and secure your own fortunes—do not spare a thought for us!" The assembly was moved by her words and none could bring himself to defect. Someone said, "If we gather the camps now we have at least five thousand men. Together with the Yan troops we can hold for a month—northern relief will surely come." Consort Wang said, "My son and I are the wreckage of a fallen house—how dare we contend for the realm! Having come to this pass, our lives are for others to dispose of. If the new ruler understands, he will know we have done nothing wrong. If we plot further, others will suffer and the whole city will burn—what good would that do!" The assembly still wanted to resist. Commissioner of the Three Departments Liu Shenjiao of Wen'an said, "I am a Yan man myself—would I not plan for the Yan troops! But when affairs cannot be helped, what can one do? After the chaos in the city, public and private stores are exhausted and few people remain. If we are besieged another month, no one will be left alive. I beg you to say no more and follow the senior consort's decision." They then adopted Zhao Yuan's and Zhai Guangye's plan, styled Congyi Prince of Liang, and put him in charge of military and civil affairs. They sent envoys with a memorial of submission to welcome the emperor, urging him to come quickly to the capital, while they themselves withdrew to a private residence.
17
甲辰，帝至晉州。
On jiachen the emperor reached Jin Prefecture.
18
契丹主兀欲以契丹主德光有子在國，己以兄子襲位，又無述律太后之命，擅自立，內不自安。
The Khitan emperor Yelü Ruan felt insecure on the throne: Deguang still had a son in the realm, Ruan himself had seized succession as a nephew rather than a son, and he had taken the throne without authorization from Empress Dowager Shulü.
19
初，契丹主阿保機卒於勃海，述律太后殺酋長及諸將凡數百人。 契丹主德光復卒於境外，酋長諸將懼死，乃謀奉契丹主兀欲勒兵北歸。 契丹主以安國節度使麻荅為中京留守，以前武州刺史高奉明為安國節度使。 晉文武官及士窣窸留於恆州，獨以翰林學士徐台符、李澣及後宮、宦者、教坊人自隨。 乙巳，發真定。
Earlier, when Emperor Abaoji of Khitan died in Bohai, Empress Dowager Shulü had put to death several hundred chieftains and generals. When Deguang in turn died abroad, the chieftains and generals, fearing for their lives, plotted to install Yelü Ruan and march the army back north. Ruan left Mada, military commissioner of Anguo, as defender of the Central Capital and appointed the former prefect of Wuzhou, Gao Fengming, military commissioner of Anguo. He left the Jin civil and military officials and the gentry and common folk at Hengzhou, taking with him only the Hanlin academicians Xu Taifu and Li Huan, the inner palace, eunuchs, and musicians of the entertainment bureau. On yisi he departed Zhending.
20
帝之即位也，絳州刺史李從朗與契丹將成霸卿等拒命，帝遣西南面招討使、護國節度使白文珂攻之，未下。 帝至城下，命諸軍四布而勿攻，以利害諭之。 戊申，從朗舉城降。 帝命親將分護諸門，士卒一人毋得入。 以偏將薛瓊為防禦使。
When the emperor first took the throne, Jiang Prefecture prefect Li Conglang and the Khitan general Cheng Baqing and others refused to submit. The emperor sent southwestern campaign commissioner and Huguo military commissioner Bai Wenke against them, but the city did not fall. The emperor came to the city, arrayed his forces on all four sides without assaulting, and explained to the defenders what they stood to gain or lose. On wushen Conglang surrendered the city. The emperor had his own generals guard each gate in turn and forbade any soldier from entering. He appointed subordinate general Xue Qiong defense commissioner.
21
辛亥，帝至陝州，趙暉自御帝馬而入。 壬子，至石壕，汴人有來迎者。 六月，甲寅朔，蕭翰至恆州，與麻荅以鐵騎圍張礪之第。 礪方臥病，出見之，翰數之曰：「汝何故言於先帝，雲胡人不可以為節度使？ 又，吾為宣武節度使，且國舅也，汝在中書乃帖我！ 又，先帝留我守汴州，令我處宮中，汝以為不可。 又，譖我及解裡於先帝，雲解裡好掠人財，我好掠人子女。 今我必殺汝！」 命鎖之。 礪抗聲曰：「此皆國家大體，吾實言之。 欲殺即殺，奚以鎖為！」 麻荅以大臣不可專殺，力救止之，翰乃釋之。 是夕，礪憤恚而卒。
On xinhai the emperor reached Shan Prefecture. Zhao Hui took the reins of the emperor's horse and led him in. On renzi he reached Shihao, where people from Bian came out to welcome him. In the sixth month, on the first day (jiayin), Xiao Han reached Hengzhou and, with Mada, surrounded Zhang Li's residence with armored cavalry. Li was ill in bed but came out to see them. Han berated him: "Why did you tell the late emperor that Khitan men must not be made military commissioners? And I am military commissioner of Xuanwu and the emperor's uncle by marriage—yet you in the Secretariat posted orders against me! Again, the late emperor left me to guard Bian and let me live in the palace—you said that was wrong. And you slandered me and Jieli to the late emperor, saying Jieli loved to seize people's property and I loved to seize their sons and daughters. Now I will kill you!" He ordered Li shackled. Li answered boldly, "These were all matters of fundamental state policy—I spoke the truth. If you mean to kill me, kill me—why put me in chains!" Mada argued that a senior minister could not be executed without authority and pressed hard to stop it; Han then released him. That night Li died of rage and grief.
22
崔廷勳見麻荅，趨走拜，起，跪而獻酒，麻荅踞而受之。
When Cui Tingxun saw Mada, he ran forward and bowed, then knelt and offered wine. Mada sat with legs sprawled and accepted it.
23
乙卯，帝至新安，西京留司官悉來迎。
On yimao the emperor reached Xin'an, where every Western Capital official on duty came out to welcome him.
24
吳越忠獻王弘佐卒。 遺令以丞相弘倧為鎮海、鎮東節度使兼侍中。
Hong Zuo, King Zhongxian of Wuyue, died. In his final instructions he named chief minister Hong Zong military commissioner of Zhenhai and Zhendong and concurrent palace attendant.
25
丙辰，帝至洛陽，入居宮中，汴州百官奉表來迎。 詔諭以受契丹補署者皆勿自疑，聚其告牒而焚之。 趙遠更名上交。 命鄭州防禦使郭從義先入大梁清宮，密令殺李從益及王淑妃。 淑妃且死，曰：「吾兒為契丹所立，何罪而死！ 何不留之，使每歲寒食，以一盂麥飯灑明宗陵乎！」 聞者泣下。
On bingchen the emperor reached Luoyang and took up residence in the palace. Officials from Bian presented memorials welcoming him. An edict assured everyone who had accepted appointments from the Khitan that they need not fear; their commission documents were collected and burned. Zhao Yuan changed his name to Shangjiao. He ordered Zhengzhou defense commissioner Guo Congyi to enter Daliang ahead of him and clear the palace, secretly instructing him to kill Li Congyi and Consort Wang. As Consort Wang faced death, she said, "My son was set on the throne by the Khitan—what crime warrants death! Why not spare him, so that each Cold Food Festival he might offer a bowl of wheat meal at Emperor Mingzong's tomb!" Those who heard her wept.
26
戊午，帝發洛陽。 樞密院吏魏仁浦自契丹逃歸，見於鞏。 郭威問以兵數及故事，仁浦強記精敏，威由是親任之。 仁浦，衛州人也。
On wuwu the emperor departed Luoyang. Wei Renpu, a clerk of the Bureau of Military Affairs, escaped from Khitan territory and was received at Gong. Guo Wei questioned him about troop strengths and precedent. Renpu's memory was exceptional and his mind acute, and from that time Wei relied on him closely. Renpu was a native of Weizhou.
27
辛酉，汴州百官竇貞固等迎於滎陽。 甲子，帝至大梁，晉之籓鎮相繼來降。
On xinyou Dou Zhengu and the other officials of Bian welcomed the emperor at Xingyang. On jiazi the emperor reached Daliang, and the former Jin military districts submitted in succession.
28
丙寅，吳越王弘倧襲位。
On bingyin Hong Zong succeeded as king of Wuyue.
29
戊辰，帝下詔大赦。 凡契丹所除節度使，下至將吏，各安職任，不復變更。 復以汴州為東京，改國號曰漢，仍稱天福年，曰：「余未忍忘晉也。」 復青、襄、汝三節度。 壬申，以北京留守崇為河東節度使，同平章事。
On wuchen the emperor proclaimed a general amnesty. Everyone the Khitan had appointed—from military commissioners down to officers and clerks—was to keep his post without change. He restored Bian as the Eastern Capital, changed the dynastic name to Han, and kept the Tianfu reign era, saying, "I cannot yet bring myself to forget Jin." He restored the three military districts of Qing, Xiang, and Ru. On renshen Liu Chong, defender of Beijing, was appointed Hedong military commissioner and concurrent co-director of the Secretariat-Chancellery.
30
契丹述律太后聞契丹主自立，大怒，發兵拒之。 契丹主以偉王為前鋒，相遇於石橋。 初，晉侍衛馬軍都指揮使李彥韜從晉主北遷，隸述律太后麾下，太后以為排陳使。 彥韜迎降於偉王，太后兵由是大敗。 契丹主幽太后於阿保機墓。 改元天祿，自稱天授皇帝，以高勳為樞密使。 契丹主慕中華風俗，多用晉臣，而荒於酒色，輕慢諸酋長，由是國人不附，諸部數叛，興兵誅討，故數年之間，不暇南寇。
When Empress Dowager Shulü learned that Yelü Ruan had seized the throne on his own, she was furious and sent troops against him. Ruan advanced with Prince Wei as vanguard and met her forces at Shiqiao. Earlier, Jin Palace Guard cavalry commander Li Yantao had followed the Jin court north and served under Empress Dowager Shulü, who appointed him battle-array commissioner. Yantao went over to Prince Wei, and the empress dowager's army was routed. Ruan confined the empress dowager at Abaoji's tomb. He changed the era name to Tianlu, styled himself Emperor Tian Shou, and appointed Gao Xun bureau commissioner of military affairs. Ruan admired Chinese ways and employed many former Jin ministers, but he indulged in wine and women and slighted the chieftains. The Khitan people lost heart, tribes rebelled again and again, and he spent years campaigning against them—so for several years he had no leisure to raid the south.
31
初，契丹主德光命奉國都指揮使南宮王繼弘、都虞候樊暉以所部兵戍相州，彰德節度使高唐英善待之。 戍兵無鎧仗，唐英以鎧仗給之，倚信如親戚。 唐英聞帝南下，舉鎮請降。 使者未返，繼弘、暉殺唐英。 繼弘自稱留後，遣使告雲唐英反覆，詔以繼弘為彰德留後。 庚辰，以暉為磁州刺史。 安國節度使高奉明聞唐英死，心不自安，請於麻荅，署馬步都指揮使劉鐸為節度副使，知軍府事，身歸恆州。 帝遣使告諭荊南。 高從誨上表賀，且求郢州，帝不許。 及加恩使至，拒而不受。
Earlier, Deguang had ordered Fengguo army commander Wang Jihong of Nangong and chief adjutant Fan Hui to garrison Xiang Prefecture with their troops. Zhangde military commissioner Gao Tangying treated them generously. The garrison lacked armor and arms; Tangying supplied them and trusted them as kin. When Tangying heard that the emperor was marching south, he offered his whole command in submission. Before the envoy returned, Jihong and Hui killed Tangying. Jihong declared himself acting commissioner and sent word that Tangying had been treacherous. An edict made Jihong acting commissioner of Zhangde. On gengchen Hui was appointed prefect of Ci. When Gao Fengming, military commissioner of Anguo, heard of Tangying's death, he grew uneasy. He asked Mada to appoint horse-and-foot commander Liu Duo deputy military commissioner to run the headquarters and returned to Hengzhou himself. The emperor sent envoys to announce his accession to Jingnan. Gao Conghui sent a congratulatory memorial and asked for Ying Prefecture; the emperor refused. When the envoy bearing additional honors arrived, he refused to receive him.
32
唐主聞契丹主德光卒，蕭翰棄大梁去，下詔曰：「乃眷中原，本朝故地。」 以左右衛聖統軍、忠武節度使、同平章事李金全為北面行營招討使，議經略北方。 聞帝已入大梁，遂不敢出兵。
When the Tang ruler learned that Deguang was dead and Xiao Han had abandoned Daliang, he issued an edict: "We look back fondly on the Central Plains—the former territory of our court." He appointed Li Jinquan—commander-in-chief of the Left and Right Weisheng armies, Zhongwu military commissioner, and concurrent co-director—northern campaign commissioner to plan operations in the north. When he learned that the emperor had already entered Daliang, he did not dare march.
33
秋，七月，甲午，以馬希廣為天策上將軍、武安節度使、江南諸道都統，兼中書令，封楚王。
In autumn, the seventh month, on jiawu Ma Xiguang was appointed celestial strategy general-in-chief, Wu'an military commissioner, overall commander of the Jiangnan circuits, concurrent chief minister of the Secretariat, and enfeoffed as Prince of Chu.
34
或傳趙延壽已死。 郭威言於帝曰：「趙匡贊，契丹所署，今猶在河中，宜遣使弔祭，因起復移鎮。 彼既家國無歸，必感恩承命。」 從之。 會鄴都留守、天雄節度使兼中書令杜重威、天平節度使兼侍中李守貞皆奉表歸命。 重威仍請移它鎮。 歸德節度使兼中書令高行周入朝，丙申，徙重威為歸德節度使，以行周代之； 守貞為護國節度使，加兼中書令； 徙護國節度使趙匡贊為晉昌節度使。 後二年，延壽始卒於契丹。
Rumor had it that Zhao Yanshou was dead. Guo Wei said to the emperor, "Zhao Kuangzan, whom the Khitan appointed, is still at Hezhong. We should send envoys to offer condolences and, in the course of recalling him to office, transfer his command. With no homeland to return to, he will surely accept out of gratitude." The emperor agreed. At the same time Du Chongwei—Yedu defender, Tianxiong military commissioner, and concurrent chief minister—and Li Shouzhen—Tianping military commissioner and concurrent palace attendant—both submitted memorials of allegiance. Chongwei also asked to be transferred to another post. Gao Xingzhou, Guide military commissioner and concurrent chief minister, came to court. On bingchen Chongwei was transferred to Guide military commissioner and Xingzhou took his place; Shouzhen was made Huguo military commissioner and given concurrent chief ministership; and Huguo military commissioner Zhao Kuangzan was transferred to Jinchang military commissioner. Two years later Yanshou did in fact die in Khitan territory.
35
吳越王弘倧以其弟台州刺史弘俶同參相府事。
King Hong Zong of Wuyue had his younger brother Hong Chu, prefect of Taizhou, join him in managing the chief minister's office.
36
李達以其弟通知福州留後，自詣錢唐見吳越王弘倧，弘倧承製加達兼侍中，更其名曰孺贇。 既而孺贇悔懼，以金筍二十株及雜寶賂內牙統軍使胡進思，求歸福州。 進思為之請，弘倧從之。
Li Da left his younger brother to notify the acting commissioner of Fuzhou and went himself to Qiantang to see King Hong Zong. Hong Zong, by imperial rescript, made Da concurrent palace attendant and changed his name to Ruyun. Soon Ruyun grew fearful and regretful. He bribed inner-gate army commander Hu Jinsi with twenty golden bamboo shoots and other treasures, asking to return to Fuzhou. Jinsi interceded for him, and Hong Zong agreed.
37
杜重威自以附契丹，負中國，內常疑懼。 及移鎮制下，復拒而不受，遣其子弘璲質於麻荅以求援。 趙延壽有幽州親兵二千在恆州，指揮使張璉將之，重威請以守魏。 麻荅遣其將楊袞將契丹千五百人及幽州兵赴之。 閏月，庚午，詔削奪重威官爵，以高行周為招討使，鎮寧節度使慕容彥超副之，以討重威。
Du Chongwei knew he had sided with the Khitan and betrayed China, and he lived in constant fear. When the transfer order arrived, he refused it again and sent his son Hongji to Mada as a hostage to seek Khitan aid. Zhao Yanshou had two thousand personal troops from Youzhou at Hengzhou under commander Zhang Lian; Chongwei asked that they be sent to hold Wei. Mada sent his general Yang Gun with fifteen hundred Khitan and the Youzhou troops to reinforce him. In the intercalary month, on gengwu an edict stripped Chongwei of rank and office. Gao Xingzhou was made campaign commissioner with Zhenning military commissioner Murong Yanchao as deputy to attack him.
38
辛未，楊邠、郭威、王章皆為正使。 時兵荒之餘，公私匱竭，北來兵與朝廷兵合，頓增數倍。 章白帝罷不急之務，省無益之費以奉軍，用度克贍。
On xinwei Yang Bin, Guo Wei, and Wang Zhang were all appointed chief commissioners. After the devastation of war, public and private stores were empty. When the northern armies joined the court forces, the burden instantly multiplied several times over. Zhang urged the emperor to suspend nonessential work and cut wasteful spending to support the army, and the treasury was brought into balance.
39
庚辰，制建宗廟。 太祖高皇帝，世祖光武皇帝，皆百世不遷。 又立四親廟，追尊謚號。 凡六廟。
On gengchen an ordinance established the ancestral temple. Founding Ancestor Emperor Gao and Shizu Emperor Guangwu were both to remain in the temple for a hundred generations without removal. Four temples for close forebears were also established and posthumous titles conferred. Six temples in all.
40
麻荅貪猾殘忍，民間有珍貨、美婦女，必奪取之。 又捕村民，誣以為盜，披面，抉目，斷腕，焚炙而殺之，欲以威眾。 常以其具自隨，左右前後懸人肝、膽、手、足，飲食起居於其間，語笑自若。 出入或被黃衣，用乘輿，服御物，曰：「茲事漢人以為不可，吾國無忌也。」 又以宰相員不足，乃牒馮道判弘文館，李崧判史館，和凝判集賢，劉昫判中書，其僭妄如此。 然契丹或犯法，無所容貸，故市肆不擾。 常恐漢人亡去，謂門者曰：「漢有窺門者，即斷其首以來。」
Mada was greedy, cunning, and brutal. Whenever the people had rare goods or beautiful women, he seized them. He also seized villagers, falsely accused them of banditry, flayed their faces, gouged out their eyes, severed their wrists, and burned them alive to terrify the people. He kept his tools with him always. Human livers, gall bladders, hands, and feet hung all around him as he ate, drank, and slept among them, talking and laughing as if nothing were amiss. He sometimes went about in yellow robes, used the imperial carriage, and wore imperial regalia, saying, "The Han forbid such things—in our land there is no taboo." Finding the chief ministers insufficient, he issued orders assigning Feng Dao to the Hongwen Institute, Li Song the History Institute, He Ning the Jixian Institute, and Liu Xu the Secretariat—such was his arrogance. Yet when Khitan broke the law, he showed no mercy, so the markets were not disturbed. He lived in constant fear that the Han would slip away. He told the gatekeepers, "If you see a Han spying at the gate, cut off his head and bring it to me."
41
麻荅遣使督運於洺州，洺州防禦使薛懷讓聞帝入大梁，殺其使者，舉州降。 帝遣郭從義將兵萬人會懷讓攻劉鐸於邢州，不克，鐸請兵於麻荅，麻荅遣其將楊安及前義武節度使李殷將千騎攻懷讓於洺州。 懷讓嬰城自守，安等縱兵大掠於邢、洺之境。 契丹所留兵不滿二千，麻荅令所司給萬四千人食，收其餘以自入。 麻荅常疑漢兵，且以為無用，稍稍廢省，又損其食以飼胡兵。 眾心怨憤，聞帝入大梁，皆有南歸之志。 前穎州防禦使何福進，控鶴指揮使太原李榮，潛結軍中壯士數十人謀攻契丹，然畏契丹尚強，猶豫未發。 會楊袞、楊安等軍出，契丹留恆州者才八百人，福進等遂決計，約以擊佛寺鐘為號。
Mada sent envoys to supervise transport at Mingzhou. When defense commissioner Xue Huairang learned the Emperor had entered Daliang, he killed the envoys and surrendered the whole prefecture. The Emperor dispatched Guo Congyi with ten thousand men to join Huairang in besieging Liu Duo at Xingzhou. The attack failed. Duo appealed to Mada, who sent his general Yang An and the former Yiwu military governor Li Yin with a thousand cavalry to strike Huairang at Mingzhou. Huairang sealed the city and held out. Yang An and his fellows unleashed their troops to loot across Xing and Ming. Fewer than two thousand Khitan remained on station. Mada ordered the supply offices to ration food for fourteen thousand men and kept the surplus for himself. Mada never trusted the Han soldiers and deemed them worthless. He steadily pared their units and cut their rations to feed his own barbarian troops. Resentment ran deep. When word came that the Emperor had reached Daliang, every man yearned to go home to the south. Former Yingzhou defense commissioner He Fujin and Crane Guard commander Li Rong of Taiyuan quietly rallied several dozen bold soldiers to plot a strike against the Khitan, but fearing the invaders were still too strong, they held back. When Yang Gun and Yang An marched out, only eight hundred Khitan were left in Hengzhou. Fujin and his comrades settled on a plan: the temple bell would be their signal.
42
辛巳，契丹主兀欲遣騎至恆州，召前威勝節度使兼中書令馮道、樞密使李崧、左僕射和凝等，會葬契丹主德光於木葉山。 道等未行，食時，鐘聲發。 漢兵奪契丹守門者兵，擊契丹，殺十餘人，因突入府中。 李榮先據甲庫，悉召漢兵及市人，以鎧仗授之。 焚牙門，與契丹戰。 榮召諸將並力，護聖左廂都指揮使、恩州團練使白再榮狐疑，匿於別室，軍吏以佩刀決幕，引其臂，再榮不得已而行。 諸將繼至，煙火四起，鼓噪震地。 麻荅等大驚，載寶貨家屬，走保北城。 而漢兵無所統壹，貪狡者乘亂剽掠，懦者竄匿。 八月，壬午朔，契丹自北門入，勢復振，漢民死者二千餘人。 前磁州刺史李穀恐事不濟，請馮道、李崧、和凝至戰所慰勉士卒，士卒見道等至，爭自奮。 會日暮，有村民數千噪於城外，欲奪契丹寶貨、婦女，契丹懼而北遁，麻荅、劉晞、崔廷勳皆奔定州，與義武節度使邪律忠合。 忠，即郎五也。
On xinsi, the Khitan emperor Wuyu sent cavalry to Hengzhou to summon Feng Dao, former Weisheng governor and concurrent director of the Central Secretariat, chief councillor Li Song, left vice director He Ning, and others to join the funeral of Emperor Deguang at Mount Muye. Dao and his party had not yet departed when, at the hour of the meal, the bell rang out. Han troops seized weapons from the Khitan gate guards, fell on the garrison, killed more than a dozen men, and stormed into the government compound. Li Rong seized the armory first, called up every Han soldier and townsman he could find, and handed out armor and arms. They torched the main gate and battled the Khitan. Rong rallied the generals to fight as one. Bai Zairong, commander of the Protector of the Realm left wing and Enzhou regiment commander, hung back and hid in a side room until a staff officer slashed through the curtain with his sword, seized his arm, and dragged him out. More generals hurried in. Smoke and flame leapt up everywhere; the roar of drums shook the earth. Mada and his party panicked, loaded their valuables and families, and fled to the north quarter of the city. The Han forces had no single commander. The greedy looted in the confusion; the timid scattered and hid. On the first day of the eighth month, renwu, Khitan poured in through the north gate and regained the upper hand. More than two thousand Han civilians were killed. Former Cizhou prefect Li Gu, fearing defeat, brought Feng Dao, Li Song, and He Ning to the front to hearten the men. At the sight of them the troops rallied with fresh zeal. At dusk thousands of villagers raised a clamor outside the walls, bent on Khitan loot and women. The Khitan, terrified, fled north. Mada, Liu Xi, and Cui Tingxun all ran to Dingzhou and joined Yiwu military governor Yelü Zhong. Zhong was none other than Lang Wu.
43
馮道等四出安撫兵民，眾推道為節度使。 道曰：「我，書生也，當奏事而已，宜擇諸將為留後。」 時李榮功最多，而白再榮位在上，乃以再榮權知留後，具以狀聞，且請援兵。 帝遣左飛龍使李彥從將兵赴之。 白再榮貪昧，猜忌諸將。 奉國廂主華池王饒恐為再榮所並，詐稱足疾，據東門樓，嚴兵自衛。 司天監趙延乂善於二人，往來諭釋，始得解。 再榮以李崧、和凝久為相，家富，遣軍士圍其第求賞給，崧、凝各以家財與之，又欲殺崧、凝以滅口。 李穀往見再榮，責之曰：「國亡主辱，公輩握兵不救。 今僅能逐一虜將，鎮民死者近三千人，豈獨公之力邪！ 才得脫死，遽欲殺宰相，新天子若詰公專殺之罪，公何辭以對？」 再榮懼而止。 又欲率民財以給軍，穀力爭之，乃止。 漢人嘗事麻荅者，再榮皆拘之以取其財，恆人以其貪虐，謂之「白麻荅」。
Feng Dao and his colleagues fanned out to calm soldiers and civilians. The people pressed Dao to accept the post of military governor. Dao said, "I am only a scholar. My place is to report to the throne. Choose one of the generals as acting governor. Li Rong had done the most, but Bai Zairong outranked him, so Zairong was made acting governor. A full report went to the court, with a request for reinforcements. The Emperor sent Left Flying Dragon commissioner Li Yancong with an army to relieve them. Bai Zairong was greedy, dull, and suspicious of his fellow generals. Wang Rao of Huachi, chief of the Nation-Serving Chamber, feared Zairong would swallow his command. He feigned a foot ailment, seized the east gate tower, and kept a tight guard. Director of Astronomy Zhao Yanyi, who was friendly with both sides, shuttled between them until the quarrel was settled. Zairong knew Li Song and He Ning had long been chancellors and were rich. He sent troops to surround their mansions and demand payment. They paid from their own estates, yet he still meant to kill them to seal their lips. Li Gu confronted Zairong. "The realm fell and the sovereign was disgraced," he said, "yet you who held armies did nothing to save him. You have barely driven off one Khitan commander, and nearly three thousand townspeople are dead. Do you imagine that victory is yours alone? You have scarcely escaped with your life, and already you would murder chancellors. When the new emperor asks by what right you killed them, what answer will you give?" Frightened, Zairong desisted. He next tried to strip the people's wealth to pay the army. Gu fought him on it until he gave up. Every Han who had served under Mada, Zairong seized and robbed. The people of Heng, for his greed and cruelty, nicknamed him "White Mada."
44
楊袞至邢州，聞麻荅被逐，即日北還，楊安亦遁去，李殷以其眾來降。
Yang Gun reached Xingzhou. Learning Mada had been driven out, he turned north the same day. Yang An fled as well, and Li Yin surrendered with his troops.
45
庚寅，以薛懷讓為安國節度使。 劉鐸聞麻荅遁去，舉邢州降； 懷讓詐云巡檢，引兵向邢州，鐸開門納之，懷讓殺鐸，以克復聞。 朝廷知而不問。
On gengyin, Xue Huairang was appointed military governor of Anguo. When Liu Duo heard Mada had fled, he surrendered Xingzhou; Huairang pretended he was merely inspecting the circuit and marched on Xingzhou. Duo opened the gates to admit him. Huairang killed Duo and reported a reconquest. The court knew what had happened but asked no questions.
46
辛卯，復以恆州順國軍為鎮州成德軍。 乙未，以白再榮為成德留後。 逾年，始以何福進為曹州防禦使，李榮為博州刺史。
On xinmao, the Shunguo Army of Hengzhou was restored as the Chengde Army of Zhenzhou. On yiwei, Bai Zairong was appointed acting governor of Chengde. Only after more than a year was He Fujin made defense commissioner of Caozhou and Li Rong prefect of Bozhou.
47
敕：「盜賊毋問贓多少皆抵死。」 時四方盜賊多，朝廷患之，故重其法，仍分命使者逐捕。 蘇逢吉自草詔，意云：「應賊盜，並四鄰同保，皆全族處斬。」 眾以為：「盜猶不可族，況鄰保乎！」 逢吉固爭，不得已，但省去「全族」字。 由是捕賊使者張令柔殺平陰十七村民。
An edict declared: "Bandits shall be put to death, no matter how small the loot. Bandits were rampant throughout the realm, and the court, alarmed, tightened the law and sent out commissioners to hunt them down. Su Fengji drafted the edict himself. His wording called for every bandit and the four neighboring households under mutual guarantee to be executed, entire clans included. Others objected: "You cannot wipe out a clan even for theft—how much less the neighbors who vouch for them! Fengji dug in his heels. In the end only the phrase "entire clans" was struck out. "On that authority the bandit-hunting envoy Zhang Lingrou executed seventeen villagers of Pingyin."
48
逢吉為人，文深好殺。 在河東幕府，帝嘗令靜獄以祈福，逢吉盡殺獄囚還報。 及為相，朝廷草創，帝悉以軍旅之事委楊邠、郭威，百司庶務委逢吉及蘇禹珪。 二相決事，皆出胸臆，不拘舊制。 雖事無留滯，而用捨黜陟，惟其所欲。 帝方倚信之，無敢言者。 逢吉尤貪詐，公求貨財，無所顧避。 繼母死，不為服； 庶兄自外至，不白逢吉而見諸子，逢吉怒，密語郭威，以他事杖殺之。
Fengji was harsh by nature and bloodthirsty. While serving in the Hedong headquarters, the Emperor once ordered the prisons cleared to bring peace and good fortune. Fengji executed every prisoner and reported the task done. Once he was chancellor, with the court still taking shape, the Emperor left all military affairs to Yang Bin and Guo Wei and the daily business of government to Fengji and Su Yugui. The two chancellors ruled from impulse, heedless of precedent. Business moved swiftly, but appointments and dismissals followed their whim alone. The Emperor trusted them utterly, and no one dared object. Fengji was greedier and more deceitful than any of them, taking bribes openly without a qualm. When his stepmother died, he refused mourning; his half-brother arrived from abroad and visited the sons without telling Fengji. Enraged, Fengji whispered to Guo Wei, who had the man beaten to death on a pretext.
49
楚王希廣庶弟天策左司馬希崇，性狡險，陰遺兄希萼書，言劉彥□等違先王之命，廢長立少，以激怒之。 希萼自永州來奔喪，乙巳，至趺石，彥□白希廣遣侍從都指揮使周廷誨等將水軍逆之，命永州將士皆釋甲而入，館希萼於碧湘宮，成服於其次，不聽入與希廣相見。 希萼求示還朗州，周廷誨勸希廣殺之。 希廣曰：「吾何忍殺兄！ 寧分潭、朗而治之。」 乃厚贈希萼，遣還朗州。 希崇常為希萼詗希廣，語言動作，悉以告之，約為內應。
Ma Xiguang's younger brother Xichong, Left Master of Strategy, was sly and treacherous. He secretly wrote to his elder brother Xie that Liu Yan and others had defied their father's will by deposing the elder son to seat the younger, hoping to enrage him. Xie came from Yongzhou for the funeral. On yiwei he reached Dieshi. Liu Yan informed Xiguang, who sent attendant commander Zhou Tinghui with the fleet to meet him, ordered the Yongzhou troops to enter unarmed, lodged Xie at Bixiang Palace, and made him mourn at a separate hall, forbidding any meeting with Xiguang. Xie asked leave to return to Langzhou. Zhou Tinghui urged Xiguang to kill him. Xiguang said, "How could I bear to kill my own brother! Let us rather divide Tan and Lang and each rule his own. He sent Xie back to Langzhou with rich gifts. Xichong constantly spied on Xiguang for Xie, reporting his every word and deed, and pledged to act as his inside man."
50
契丹之滅晉也，驅戰馬二萬匹歸其國。 至是漢兵乏馬，詔市士民馬於河南諸道不經剽掠者。
When the Khitan destroyed Jin, they drove twenty thousand war horses home. Now Han armies were short of horses. An edict ordered buying horses from civilians in the Henan circuits that had escaped the worst looting.
51
制以錢弘倧為東南兵馬都元帥、鎮海、鎮東節度使兼中書令、吳越王。
By imperial decree Qian Hongzuo was named Southeast commander-in-chief, military governor of Zhenhai and Zhendong, concurrent director of the Central Secretariat, and King of Wuyue.
52
高從誨聞杜重威叛，發水軍數千襲襄州，山南東道節度使安審琦擊卻之。 又寇郢州，刺史尹實大破之。 乃絕漢，附於唐、蜀。
Gao Conghui, hearing Du Chongwei had rebelled, sent several thousand naval troops against Xiangzhou. Shannan East Circuit military governor An Shenqi drove them off. He raided Yingzhou next and was routed by prefect Yin Shi. He then broke with Han and turned to Tang and Shu.
53
初，荊南介居湖南、嶺南、福建之間，地狹兵弱，自武信王季興時，諸道入貢過其境者，多掠奪其貨幣。 及諸道移書詰讓，或加以兵，不得已復歸之，曾不為愧。 及從誨立，唐、晉、契丹、漢更據中原，南漢、閩、吳、蜀皆稱帝。 從誨利其賜予，所向稱臣，諸國賤之，謂之「高無賴」。
Jingnan sat between Hunan, Lingnan, and Fujian—small territory, few troops. Ever since the days of Prince of Wuxin Ji Xing, envoys bearing tribute through its lands were often robbed of their goods. When neighboring circuits protested in writing or threatened force, they returned the loot—yet felt no shame. Under Conghui, Tang, Jin, Khitan, and Han succeeded one another in the Central Plains while Southern Han, Min, Wu, and Shu each claimed the title of emperor. Conghui craved their gifts and bowed to whoever would pay him. The other states despised him and called him "Gao the Shameless."
54
唐主以太傅兼中書令宋齊丘為鎮南節度使。
The Tang emperor appointed Grand Tutor and concurrent director of the Central Secretariat Song Qiqiu military governor of Zhennan.
55
南漢主恐諸弟與其子爭國，殺齊王弘弼、貴王弘道、定王弘益、辨王弘濟、同王弘簡、益王弘建、恩王弘偉、宜王弘照，盡殺其男，納其女充後宮。 作離宮千餘間，飾以珠寶，設鑊湯、鐵床、刳剔等刑，號「生地獄」。 嘗醉，戲以瓜置樂工之頸試劍，遂斷其頭。 初，帝與吏部尚書竇貞固俱事晉高祖，雅相知重，及即位，欲以為相，問蘇逢吉：「其次誰可相者？」 逢吉與翰林學士李濤善，因薦之，曰：「昔濤乞斬張彥譯，陛下在太原，嘗重之，此可相也。」 會高行周、慕容彥超共討杜重威於鄴都，彥超欲急攻城，行周欲緩之以待其弊。 行周女為重威子婦，彥超揚言：「行周以女故，愛賊不攻。」 由是二將不協。 帝恐生他變，欲自將擊重威，意未決。 濤上疏請親征。 帝大悅，以濤有宰相器。 九月，甲戌，加逢吉左僕射兼門下侍郎，蘇禹珪右僕射兼中書侍郎，貞固司空兼門下侍郎，濤戶部尚書兼中書侍郎，並同平章事。 戊寅，詔幸澶、魏勞軍，以皇子承訓為東京留守。
The Southern Han ruler, fearing his brothers would rival his son for the throne, executed Princes Hongbi of Qi, Hongdao of Gui, Hongyi of Ding, Hongji of Bian, Hongjian of Tong, Hongjian of Yi, Hongwei of En, and Hongzhao of Yi, killed all their sons, and took their daughters into the palace. He built more than a thousand pleasure palaces studded with gems and equipped them with boiling cauldrons, iron beds, disemboweling, and flaying—the whole apparatus nicknamed the Hell of the Living. Once, drunk, he set a melon on a musician's neck to try his sword and cut off the man's head. Earlier, the Emperor and Minister of Personnel Dou Zhengu had both served under Jin Gaozu and respected each other. On his accession he meant to make Zhengu chancellor and asked Su Fengji, "Who else could serve as chancellor?" Fengji was close to Hanlin academician Li Tao and recommended him: "Tao once asked that Zhang Yanze be executed. Your Majesty valued him at Taiyuan. He is fit for the post." Just then Gao Xingzhou and Murong Yanchao were besieging Du Chongwei at Yedu. Yanchao wanted a swift assault; Xingzhou preferred to wait until hunger broke the city. Xingzhou's daughter was married to Chongwei's son. Yanchao spread the word that Xingzhou spared the rebel because of family ties. From that day the two generals were at odds. The Emperor feared further trouble and thought of leading the campaign himself, but could not decide. Li Tao memorialized urging the Emperor to take the field in person. The Emperor was delighted and judged Tao to have the makings of a chancellor. In the ninth month, on jiaxu, Fengji was made left vice director and concurrent vice head of the Gate Department; Yugui right vice director and concurrent vice head of the Secretariat; Zhengu minister of works and concurrent vice head of the Gate Department; Tao minister of revenue and concurrent vice head of the Secretariat—all as chief ministers of state. "On wuyin an edict ordered the Emperor to visit Chan and Wei to hearten the armies, with Prince Chengxun left as regent of the Eastern Capital."
56
馮道、李崧、和凝自鎮州還。 己卯，以崧為太子太傅，凝為太子太保。
Feng Dao, Li Song, and He Ning returned from Zhenzhou. On jimao Li Song was made Grand Tutor of the Crown Prince and He Ning Grand Guardian of the Crown Prince.
57
庚辰，帝發大梁。
On gengchen the Emperor departed Daliang.
58
晉昌節度使趙匡贊恐終不為朝廷所容，冬，十月，遣使降蜀，請自終南山路出兵應援。
Jinchang military governor Zhao Kuangzan, fearing the court would never trust him, sent envoys in the tenth month of winter to surrender to Shu and offered to march through the Zhongnan Mountains in support.
59
戊戌，帝至鄴都城下，捨於高行周營。 行周言於帝曰：「城中食未盡，急攻，徒殺士卒，未易克也。 不若緩之，彼食盡自潰。」 帝然之。 慕容彥超數因事陵轢行周，行周泣訴於執政，掏糞壤實其口，蘇逢吉、楊邠密以白帝。 帝深知彥超之曲，猶命二臣和解之。 又召彥超於帳中責之，且使詣行周謝。
On wuxu the Emperor reached Yedu and took quarters in Gao Xingzhou's camp. Xingzhou told the Emperor, "Their food has not run out. A hasty assault will only waste our men and still fail to take the city. Wait them out. When their stores are gone they will fall apart on their own. The Emperor agreed. Murong Yanchao repeatedly humiliated Xingzhou on one pretext or another. Xingzhou wept before the chief ministers, scooped up dung and earth, and stuffed it into his own mouth. Su Fengji and Yang Bin quietly informed the Emperor. The Emperor knew full well that Yanchao was in the wrong, yet he still ordered the two chief ministers to patch things up between them. He then summoned Yanchao into his tent, rebuked him, and sent him to apologize to Xingzhou."
60
杜重威聲言車駕至即降，帝遣給事中陳觀往諭指，重威復閉門拒之。 城中食浸竭，將士多出降者。 慕容彥超固請攻城，帝從之。 丙午，親督諸將攻城，自寅至辰，士卒傷者萬餘人，死者千餘人，不克而止。 彥超乃不敢復言。
Du Chongwei had announced that he would surrender as soon as the Emperor arrived. The Emperor sent Supervising Secretary Chen Guan to deliver his terms, but Chongwei shut the gates and turned him away again. As provisions in the city dwindled, more and more officers and soldiers slipped out to surrender. Murong Yanchao pressed hard for an assault, and the Emperor agreed. On bingwu the Emperor personally directed the generals in an assault. From the yin hour through chen, more than ten thousand men were wounded and over a thousand killed. The attack failed and was called off. After that Yanchao did not dare raise the matter again.
61
初，契丹留幽州兵千五百人戍大梁。 帝入大梁，或告幽州兵將為變，帝盡殺之於繁台之下。 乃圍鄴都，張璉將幽州兵二千助重威拒守，帝屢遣人招諭，許以不死。 璉曰：「繁台之卒，何罪而戮？ 今守此，以死為期耳。」 由是城久不下。 十一月，丙辰，內殿直韓訓獻攻城之具，帝曰：「城之所恃者，眾心耳。 眾心苟離，城無所保，用此何為！」
Earlier the Khitan had left fifteen hundred Youzhou troops to garrison Daliang. When the Emperor entered Daliang, someone warned that the Youzhou garrison was plotting mutiny. He had every one of them slaughtered below Fantai. He then laid siege to Yedu. Zhang Lian led two thousand Youzhou troops to help Chongwei hold the city. The Emperor sent envoys again and again, promising that anyone who submitted would be spared. Lian said, "What crime had the men at Fantai committed, that they were slaughtered? We hold this city now only to die in it. For that reason the city held out for a long time. In the eleventh month, on bingchen, Inner Palace Guard Han Xun presented siege engines. The Emperor said, "A city stands only on the loyalty of its people. Once those hearts are gone, no wall can save it. What good are engines then?"
62
杜重威之叛，觀察判官金鄉王敏屢泣諫，不聽。 及食竭力盡，甲戌，遣敏奉表出降。 乙亥，重威子弘璉來見； 丙子，妻石氏來見。 石氏，即晉之宋國長公主也，帝復遣入城。 丁丑，重威開門出降，城中餒死者什七八，存者皆尪瘠無人狀。 張璉先邀朝廷信誓，詔許以歸鄉里。 及出降，殺璉等將校數十人，縱其士卒北歸。 將出境，大掠而去。 郭威請殺重威牙將百餘人，並重威家貲籍之以賞戰士，從之。 以重威為太傅兼中書令、楚國公。 重威每出入，路人往往擲瓦礫詬之。
When Du Chongwei rebelled, Wang Min of Jinxiang, aide to the Observation Commissioner, pleaded with tears again and again, but Chongwei would not listen. When food and strength were spent, on jiaxu he sent Min out with a surrender memorial. On yihai Chongwei's son Hong Lian was received in audience; on bingzi his wife Lady Shi was received as well. Lady Shi was the Jin dynasty's Princess of Song. The Emperor sent her back into the city. On dingchou Chongwei opened the gates and surrendered. Seven or eight people in ten inside the city had starved to death; the survivors were so wasted and gaunt they scarcely looked human. Zhang Lian had first demanded a sworn pledge from the court, and an edict promised that he and his men could go home. Once they surrendered, he executed Lian and several dozen other officers, then let the rank and file march north. On the march home they looted the countryside as they went. Guo Wei asked that more than a hundred of Chongwei's staff officers be executed and Chongwei's entire estate seized and distributed among the troops. The Emperor agreed. Chongwei was appointed Grand Tutor, Director of the Secretariat, and Duke of Chu. Whenever Chongwei appeared in public, passersby pelted him with rubble and cursed him to his face.
63
臣光曰：漢高祖殺幽州無辜千五百人，非仁也； 誘張璉而誅之，非信也； 杜重威罪大而赦之，非刑也。 仁以合眾，信以行令，刑以懲奸，失此三者，何以守國！ 其祚運之不延也，宜哉！
Guang remarks: Gaozu of Han slaughtered fifteen hundred innocent Youzhou troops. That was not benevolence. He lured Zhang Lian in and put him to death. That was not good faith. Du Chongwei's crime was grave, yet he spared him. That was not justice. Benevolence binds the people together, faithfulness makes commands obeyed, and punishment restrains the wicked. Lose all three, and how can a state endure? Small wonder that his dynasty did not last.
64
高行周以慕容彥超在澶州，固辭鄴都。 己卯，以忠武節度使史弘肇領歸德節度使，兼侍衛馬步都指揮使，義成節度使劉信領忠武節度使兼侍衛馬步副都指揮使，徙彥超為天平節度使，並加同平章事。
Gao Xingzhou firmly declined the post at Yedu while Murong Yanchao remained at Chanzou. On jimao Shi Hongzhao, military governor of Zhongwu, was also made military governor of Guidde and Grand Commander of the Palace Horse and Foot Guards. Liu Xin, military governor of Yicheng, took over Zhongwu and became Vice Grand Commander of the Palace Horse and Foot Guards. Yanchao was transferred to Taiping. All three were promoted to Grand Councillor.
65
吳越王弘倧大閱水軍，賞賜倍於舊。 胡進思固諫，弘倧怒，投筆水中，曰：「吾之財與士卒共之，奚多少之限邪！」
King Hong Zong of Wuyue held a grand naval review and doubled the usual rewards. Hu Jinsi protested firmly. Hong Zong flared up, flung his brush into the water, and said, "My wealth belongs to my men as much as to me. Why quibble over the amount?"
66
十二月，丙戌，帝發鄴都。
In the twelfth month, on bingxu, the Emperor departed Yedu.
67
蜀主遣雄武都押牙吳崇惲，以樞密使王處回書招鳳翔節度使侯益。 庚寅，以山南西道節度使兼中書令張虔釗為北面行營招討安撫使，雄武節度使何重建副之，宣徽使韓保貞為都虞候，共將兵五萬，虔釗出散關，重建出隴州，以擊鳳翔。 奉鑾肅衛都虞候李廷珪將兵二萬出子午谷，以援長安。 諸軍發成都，旌旗數十里。
The ruler of Shu sent Wu Chongyun, adjutant of the Xiongwu command, with a letter from Wang Chuhui of the Bureau of Military Affairs to win over Hou Yi, military governor of Fengxiang. On gengyin Zhang Qianzhao, military governor of Shannan West Circuit and Director of the Secretariat, was appointed northern campaign Pacification Commissioner, with He Chongjian of Xiongwu as his deputy and Han Baozhen of the Palace Secretariat as chief inspector. They took fifty thousand men—Qianzhao through Sanguan Pass, Chongjian through Longzhou—to attack Fengxiang. Li Tinggui, chief inspector of the Imperial Guard, marched twenty thousand men through Ziwu Valley to relieve Chang'an. The armies left Chengdu with banners and flags stretching for miles.
68
辛卯，皇子開封尹承訓卒。 承訓孝友忠厚，達於從政，人皆惜之。
On xinmao Prince Cheng Xun, Intendant of Kaifeng, died. Cheng Xun was filial, loyal to his friends, honest and generous, and skilled in government. All who knew him grieved.
69
癸巳，帝至大梁。
On guisi the Emperor reached Daliang.
70
威武節度使李孺贇與吳越戍將鮑修讓不協，謀襲殺修讓，復以福州降唐。 修讓覺之，引兵攻府第，是日，殺孺贇，夷其族。
Li Ruyin, military governor of Weiwu, fell out with Bao Xiurang, the Wuyue garrison commander, and plotted to kill him in a surprise attack and surrender Fuzhou to Tang once more. Xiurang learned of the plot, marched on the governor's residence, killed Ruyin that same day, and wiped out his entire clan.
71
乙未，追立皇子承訓為魏王。
On yiwei the late Prince Cheng Xun was posthumously created Prince of Wei.
72
侯益請降於蜀，使吳崇惲持兵籍、糧帳西還，與趙匡贊同上表請出兵平定關中。
Hou Yi offered to surrender to Shu. He sent Wu Chongyun west with the muster rolls and grain accounts and, together with Zhao Kuangzan, memorialized the Shu court to send an army to pacify Guanzhong.
73
己酉，鮑修讓傳李孺贇首至錢塘，吳越王弘倧以丞相山陰吳程知威武節度事。
On jiyou Bao Xiurang sent Li Ruyin's head to Qiantang. King Hong Zong of Wuyue put Chief Minister Wu Cheng of Shanyin in charge of Weiwu.
74
吳越王弘倧，性剛嚴，憤忠獻王弘佐時容養諸將，政非己出，及襲位，誅杭、越侮法吏三人。
King Hong Zong of Wuyue was stern and unyielding by nature. He resented that under his predecessor, Loyal and Offering King Hong Zuo, the generals had been indulged and he had held no real power. As soon as he took the throne he executed three legal officers from Hang and Yue who had flouted the law.
75
內牙統軍使胡進思恃迎立功，干預政事； 弘倧惡之，欲授以一州，進思不可。 進思有所謀議，弘倧數面折之。 進思還家，設忠獻王位，被髮慟哭。 民有殺牛者，吏按之，引人所市肉近千斤。 弘倧問進思：「牛大者肉幾何？」 對曰：「不過三百斤。」 弘倧曰：「然則吏妄也。」 命按其罪。 進思拜賀其明。 弘人宗曰：「公何能知其詳？」 進思踧躇對曰：「臣昔未從軍，亦嘗從事於此。」 進思以弘倧為知其素業，故辱之，益恨怒。 進思建議遣李孺贇歸福州，及孺贇叛，弘倧責之，進思愈不自安。 弘倧與內牙指揮使何承訓謀逐進思，又謀於內都監使水丘昭券，昭券以為進思黨盛難制，不如容之，弘倧猶豫未決。 承訓恐事洩，反以謀告進思。
Hu Jinsi, commander of the Inner Guards, counted on his role in bringing Hong Zong to the throne and meddled constantly in state affairs. Hong Zong loathed this and tried to send him off to govern a prefecture, but Jinsi refused to go. Whenever Jinsi offered advice, Hong Zong contradicted him openly and to his face. Jinsi went home, set up a spirit tablet for Loyal and Offering King, loosened his hair, and wept in grief. A man was accused of slaughtering an ox. The investigating clerk produced nearly a thousand jin of meat the man had sold. Hong Zong asked Jinsi, "How much meat does a large ox yield? Jinsi answered, "No more than three hundred jin. Hong Zong said, "Then the clerk is lying. He ordered the clerk punished. Jinsi bowed and praised his discernment. Hong Zong said, "How do you know that so precisely? Jinsi hesitated and said, "Before I took up arms, Your Majesty, I worked at that trade myself. Jinsi believed Hong Zong had exposed his humble past on purpose. His resentment deepened. Jinsi had urged sending Li Ruyin back to Fuzhou. When Ruyin rebelled, Hong Zong blamed Jinsi, who grew only more uneasy. Hong Zong and Inner Guards director He Chengxun plotted to expel Jinsi. Hong Zong also consulted Inner Palace Directorate commissioner Shuiqiu Zhaoquan, who argued that Jinsi's faction was too strong to confront and that it would be wiser to tolerate him. Hong Zong wavered and could not decide. Chengxun, fearing exposure, betrayed the plot to Jinsi instead.
76
庚戌晦，弘倧夜宴將吏，進思疑其圖己，與其黨謀作亂，帥親兵百人戎服執兵入見於天策堂，曰：「老奴無罪，王何故圖之？」 弘倧叱之不退，左右持兵者皆憤怒。 弘倧猝愕不暇發言，趨入義和院。 進思鎖其門，矯稱王命，告中外云：「猝得風疾，傳位於同參相府事弘俶。」 進思因帥諸將迎弘俶於私第，且召丞相元德昭。 德昭至，立於簾外不拜，曰：「俟見新君。」 進思亟出褰簾，德昭乃拜。 進思稱弘倧之命，承製授弘俶鎮海、鎮東節度使兼侍中。 弘俶曰：「能全吾兄，乃敢承命。 不然，當避賢路。」 進思許之。 弘俶始視事。
On the last day of gengxu Hong Zong gave a night banquet for his officers. Jinsi suspected a trap and conspired with his followers to strike first. He led a hundred armored retainers into the Celestial Strategy Hall and demanded, "This old servant has done no wrong. Why does Your Majesty plot against me? Hong Zong shouted at him, but Jinsi would not leave. The armed attendants on both sides seethed with anger. Caught off guard, Hong Zong had no chance to reply and fled into the Yihe Courtyard. Jinsi locked the door behind him, forged a royal decree, and announced to the court and the realm, "The King has been stricken with a sudden palsy and transfers the throne to Hong Chu, who already shares in governing. Jinsi then led the generals to Hong Chu's private residence to install him and summoned Chief Minister Yuan Dezhao. Dezhao came but stood outside the curtain without bowing. "I will bow," he said, "when I have seen the new ruler. Jinsi hurried out and drew back the curtain. Only then did Dezhao bow. In Hong Zong's name Jinsi issued an edict appointing Hong Chu military governor of Zhenhai and Zhendong and Palace Attendant. Hong Chu said, "I will accept only if my brother is kept safe. Otherwise I must step aside for someone worthier. Jinsi agreed. Hong Chu then took up the duties of rule."
77
進思殺水丘昭券及進侍鄜光鉉。 光鉉，弘倧之舅也。 進思之妻曰：「它人猶可殺，昭券，君子也，奈何害之！」
Jinsi killed Shuiqiu Zhaoquan and palace attendant Fu Guangxuan. Guangxuan was Hong Zong's uncle on his mother's side. Jinsi's wife protested, "Others you might kill, but Zhaoquan is a man of honor. How can you harm him?"
78
是歲，唐主以羽林大將軍王延政為安化節度使、鄱陽王，鎮饒州。
That year the Tang emperor made Wang Yanzheng, a general of the Imperial Guard, military governor of Anhua and Prince of Poyang, with his seat at Raozhou.
79
高祖睿文聖武昭肅孝皇帝中乾祐元年（ 戊申，公元九四八年）
Mid-reign of Emperor Gaozu, posthumously styled Ruiwen Shengwu Zhaosu Xiaohuangdi, first year of Qianyou ( wushen, corresponding to 948 CE)
80
春，正月，乙卯，大赦，改元。
In spring, in the first month, on yimao, the court proclaimed a general amnesty and changed the reign title.
81
帝以趙匡贊、侯益與蜀兵共為寇，患之。 會回鶻入貢，訴稱為党項所阻，乞兵應接。 詔右衛大將軍王景崇、將軍齊藏珍將禁軍數千赴之，因使之經略關西。
The Emperor was troubled that Zhao Kuangzan and Hou Yi were raiding alongside Shu troops. Just then Uyghur envoys arrived with tribute, complaining that Tangut forces had blocked their way and asking for troops to escort them through. He ordered Right Guard general Wang Jingchong and general Qi Canzhen to march several thousand palace troops to their aid and, in doing so, to take charge of operations in Guanxi.
82
晉昌節度判官李恕，久在趙延壽幕下，延壽使之佐匡贊。 匡贊將入蜀，恕諫曰：「燕王入胡，豈所願哉！ 今漢家新得天下，方務招懷，若謝罪歸朝，必保富貴。 入蜀非全計也，『蹄涔不容尺鯉』，公必悔之。」 匡贊乃遣恕奉表請入朝。 景崇等未行而恕至，帝問恕：「匡贊何為附蜀？」 對曰：「匡贊自以身受虜官，父在虜庭，恐陛下未之察，故附蜀求苟免耳。 臣以為國家必應存撫，故遣臣來祈哀。」 帝曰：「匡贊父子，本吾人也，不幸陷虜。 今延壽方墜檻阱，吾何忍更害匡贊乎！」 即聽其入朝。 侯益亦請赴二月四日聖壽節上壽。 景崇等將行，帝召入臥內，敕之曰：「匡贊、益之心，皆未可知。 汝至彼，彼已入朝，則勿問； 若尚遷延顧望，當以便宜從事。」
Li Shu, aide to the Jinchang military governor, had long served on Zhao Yanshou's staff. Yanshou sent him to advise Kuangzan. When Kuangzan prepared to throw in his lot with Shu, Li Shu urged him, "Did the Prince of Yan go into captivity among the Khitan because he wanted to? The Han court has only just won the realm and is eager to win men over. If you confess your fault and return to court, you are sure to keep your rank and fortune. Shu is no safe harbor. As the saying goes, 'A hoof-print puddle cannot hold a foot-long carp.' You will regret this. Kuangzan then sent Li Shu with a memorial asking permission to come to court. Wang Jingchong's column had not yet marched when Li Shu arrived. The Emperor asked him, "Why did Kuangzan side with Shu? Li Shu answered, "Kuangzan accepted office under the Khitan, and his father remains in their court. He feared Your Majesty had not yet understood his position, so he turned to Shu only to save his skin. He believes the court will surely show mercy, and that is why he sent me to beg for forgiveness. The Emperor said, "Father and son Kuangzan are our own people who were unfortunate enough to fall into Khitan hands. Yanshou has only just fallen into the Khitan's trap. How could I bear to harm Kuangzan as well! He at once allowed him to come to court. Hou Yi also asked to attend court and offer birthday felicitations at the Holy Longevity Festival on the fourth day of the second month. When Wang Jingchong's column was about to march, the Emperor called them into his bedchamber and instructed them: "The intentions of Kuangzan and Hou Yi are still uncertain. When you arrive, if they have already come to court, leave them be; if they still linger and waver, act as the situation demands."
83
己未，帝更名暠。
On jiwei, the Emperor changed his name to Gao.
84
以前威勝節度使馮道為太師。
He appointed Feng Dao, former military governor of Weisheng, Grand Preceptor.
85
壬戌，吳越王弘俶遷故王弘倧於衣錦軍私第，遣匡武都頭薛溫將親兵衛之。 潛戒之曰：「若有非常處分，皆非吾意，當以死拒之。」
On renxu, King Hongchu of Wuyue moved the deposed king Hongzuan to a private residence at the Yijin garrison and dispatched Xue Wen, head of the Kuangwu company, with household troops to guard him. He secretly warned Xue Wen: "If anyone tries to take extraordinary measures against him, that is not my wish. Resist with your life."
86
帝自魏王承訓卒，悲痛過甚。 甲子，始不豫。
Ever since the death of Prince of Wei Chengyun, the Emperor had grieved beyond measure. On jiazi, he fell gravely ill for the first time.
87
趙匡贊不俟李恕返命，已離長安。 丙子，入見。 王景崇等至長安，聞蜀兵已入秦川，以兵少，發本道及趙匡贊牙兵千餘人同拒之。 景崇恐匡贊牙兵亡逸，欲文其面，微露風旨。 軍校趙思綰，首請自文其面以帥下，景崇悅。 齊藏珍竊言曰：「思綰凶暴難制，不如殺之。」 景崇不聽。 思綰，魏州人也。 蜀李廷珪將至長安，聞趙匡贊已入朝，欲引歸，王景崇邀之，敗廷珪於子午谷。 張虔釗至寶雞，諸將議不協，按兵未進。 侯益聞廷珪西還，因閉壁拒蜀兵，虔釗勢孤，引兵夜遁。 景崇帥鳳翔、隴、邠、涇、鄜、坊之兵追敗蜀兵於散關，俘將卒四百人。
Zhao Kuangzan did not wait for Li Shu to return with the Emperor's answer and had already left Chang'an. On bingzi, he entered the capital and had audience with the Emperor. Wang Jingchong reached Chang'an and learned that Shu forces had already entered Qinchuan. His troops were too few, so he raised more than a thousand men from his own circuit and Zhao Kuangzan's household guard to resist them. Jingchong feared Zhao Kuangzan's men would desert and wanted to tattoo their faces, hinting at his intention. An army officer named Zhao Sinian was the first to offer to tattoo his own face to set an example for the men. Jingchong was pleased. Qi Canzhen said privately, "Sinian is brutal and impossible to control. Better kill him now. Jingchong refused to listen. Sinian was from Weizhou. Li Tinggui of Shu was marching on Chang'an. When he learned Zhao Kuangzan had already surrendered to the Han court, he turned to withdraw. Wang Jingchong intercepted him and defeated his force at Ziwu Valley. Zhang Qianzhao reached Baoji, but the generals could not agree on a plan and held their troops without advancing. Hou Yi heard Tinggui was retreating west and shut his defenses against the Shu army. Isolated and outmatched, Qianzhao fled by night with his troops. Jingchong led forces from Fengxiang, Long, Bin, Jing, Fu, and Fang in pursuit and routed the Shu army at Sanguan Pass, taking more than four hundred officers and men prisoner.
88
丁丑，帝大漸，楊邠忌侍衛馬軍都指揮使、忠武節度使劉信，立遣之鎮。 信不得奉辭，雨泣而去。
On dingchou, the Emperor lay near death. Yang Bin envied the commander of the palace horse corps and Zhongwu military governor Liu Xin and at once sent him back to his post. Xin could not even bid the Emperor farewell and left in tears.
89
帝召蘇逢吉、楊邠、史弘肇、郭威入受顧命，曰：「餘氣息微，不能多言。 承祐幼弱，後事托在卿輩。」 又曰：「善防重威。」 是日，殂於萬歲殿，逢吉等秘不發喪。 庚辰，下詔，稱：「重威父子，因朕小疾，謗議搖眾，並其子弘璋、弘璉、弘璨皆斬之。 晉公主及內外親族，一切不問。」 磔重威屍於市，市人爭啖其肉，吏不能禁，斯須而盡。
The Emperor summoned Su Fengji, Yang Bin, Shi Hongzhao, and Guo Wei to receive his deathbed instructions. He said, "My breath grows faint. I cannot say much. Chengyou is still a boy. I leave what comes next to you. He added, "Guard carefully against Chongwei. That day he died in the Hall of Myriad Years. Fengji and the others kept his death secret and did not announce mourning. On gengchen, an edict was issued: "Du Chongwei and his sons, exploiting Our slight illness, spread slander and stirred unrest. Chongwei and his sons Hongzhang, Honglian, and Hongcan are all to be executed. The Jin princess and all other relatives—inside or outside the family—are not to be prosecuted. Chongwei's corpse was dismembered and exposed in the market. Crowds fought over his flesh, and the officials could not stop them. In moments nothing remained."
90
二月，辛巳朔，立皇子左衛大將軍、大內都點檢承祐為周王，同平章事。 有頃，發喪，宣遺制，令周王即皇帝位。 時年十八。
In the second month, on the first day (xinsi), the Emperor's son Chengyou—Left Guard general and chief inspector of the inner palace—was named Prince of Zhou and appointed co-director of the Secretariat. Shortly afterward mourning was announced and the testamentary decree proclaimed, naming the Prince of Zhou emperor. He was eighteen years old.
91
蜀韓保貞、龐福誠引兵自隴州還，要何重建俱西。 是日，保貞等至秦州，分兵守諸門及衢路，重建遂入於蜀。
Han Baozhen and Pang Fucheng of Shu led their troops back from Longzhou, intending to take He Chongjian west with them. That day they reached Qinzhou, posted troops at every gate and main road, and He Chongjian fled into Shu.
92
丁亥，尊皇后曰皇太后。
On dinghai, the empress was honored as empress dowager.
93
朝廷知成德留後白再榮非將帥才，庚寅，以前建雄留後劉在明代之。
The court knew Bai Zairong, acting military governor of Chengde, lacked the talent of a commander. On gengyin Liu Zaiming, former acting governor of Jianxiong, replaced him.
94
癸巳，大赦。
On guisi, a general amnesty was proclaimed.
95
吳越內牙指揮使何承訓復請誅胡進思及其黨。 吳越王弘俶惡其反覆，且懼召禍，乙未，執承訓，斬之。 進思屢請殺廢王弘倧以絕後患，弘俶不許。 進思詐以王命密令薛溫害之。 溫曰：「僕受命之日，不聞此言，不敢妄發。」 進思乃夜遣其黨方安等二人□俞垣而入，弘倧闔戶拒之，大呼求救； 溫聞之，率眾而入，斃安等於庭中。 入告弘俶，弘俶大驚，曰：「全吾兄，汝之力也。」 弘俶畏忌進思，曲意下之。 進思亦內憂懼，未幾，疽發背卒。 弘倧由是獲全。
He Chengxun, the Wuyue inner-palace commander, again asked that Hu Jinsi and his faction be put to death. King Hongchu despised his vacillation and feared he would bring disaster on them. On yiwei he arrested Chengxun and executed him. Jinsi repeatedly urged that the deposed king Hongzuan be killed to remove a future threat. Hongchu refused. Jinsi forged a royal order and secretly told Xue Wen to kill Hongzuan. Xue Wen said, "When I took this commission I heard nothing of this. I dare not act on my own. That night Jinsi sent two followers, Fang An and another, to climb over the wall. Hongzuan barred the door and shouted for help; Xue Wen heard the uproar, led his men in, and killed Fang An and the others in the courtyard. He reported to Hongchu, who was greatly shaken. "You have saved my brother," he said. "I owe you for this. Hongchu feared Jinsi and treated him with studied deference. Jinsi was inwardly uneasy as well. Before long a carbuncle broke out on his back and he died. Hongzuan was thus spared.
96
詔以王景崇兼鳳翔巡檢使。 景崇引兵至鳳翔，侯益尚未行，景崇以禁兵分守諸門。 或勸景崇殺益，景崇以受先朝密旨，嗣主未之知，或疑於專殺，猶豫未決。 益聞之，不告景崇而去，景崇悔，自詬。 戊戌，益入朝，隱帝問：「何故召蜀軍？」 對曰：「臣欲誘致而殺之。」 帝哂之。
Wang Jingchong was ordered to serve concurrently as patrol commissioner of Fengxiang. Jingchong marched to Fengxiang. Hou Yi had not yet left, and Jingchong posted palace troops at every gate. Some urged him to kill Hou Yi. Jingchong had received secret instructions from the late Emperor, but the new sovereign did not know of them. He feared being accused of murder on his own authority and hesitated. Hou Yi heard of the plot and slipped away without telling Jingchong. Jingchong regretted his hesitation and cursed himself. On wuxu, Hou Yi had audience with the Hidden Emperor, who asked, "Why did you invite the Shu army? He answered, "I meant to lure them in and destroy them. The Emperor gave a sceptical smile.
97
蜀張虔釗自恨無功。 癸卯，至興州，慚忿而卒。
Zhang Qianzhao of Shu was bitter at his failure. On guimao he reached Xingzhou and died there, consumed by shame and rage.
98
侍衛馬步都指揮使、同平章事史弘肇遭母喪，不數日，復出朝參。
Shi Hongzhao, commander of the palace horse and foot corps and co-director of the Secretariat, lost his mother but returned to court within a few days.