1
陸法和王琳
Lu Fahe; Wang Lin
2
陸法和，不知何許人也。 隱於江陵百里洲，衣食居處，一與苦行沙門同。 耆老自幼見之，容色常不定，人莫能測也。 或謂自出嵩高，遍遊遐邇。 旣入荊州汶陽郡高安縣之紫石山，無故捨所居山。 俄有蠻賊文道期之亂，時人以為預見萌兆。
Lu Fahe—no one knew where he was from. He lived in seclusion on Bailizhou at Jiangling; food, clothing, and dwelling were all the same as an ascetic śramaṇa's. Elders had seen him from childhood; his countenance was ever unsteady, and none could fathom him. Some said he had come forth from Songgao and wandered far and near. When he entered Zishishan in Gao'an county, Wenyang commandery, Jing province, he for no apparent reason abandoned the mountain where he dwelt. Before long the rebel bandit Wen Daoqi arose; the people of the time took it that he had foreseen the omen.
3
及侯景始告降於梁，法和謂南郡朱元英曰：「貧道共檀越擊侯景去。」 元英曰：「侯景為國立效，師云擊之，何也？」 法和曰：「正自如此。」 及景渡江，法和時在青谿山，元英往問曰：「景今圍城，其事云何？」 法和曰：「凡人取果，宜待熟時，不撩自落。 檀越但待侯景熟，何勞問也。」 固問之，乃曰：「亦克亦不克。」
When Hou Jing first announced surrender to Liang, Fahe said to Zhu Yuanying of Nan commandery, "This humble monk together with my patron shall drive Hou Jing away." Yuanying said, "Hou Jing is rendering service to the state; Master, you say strike him—why?" Fahe said, "It is precisely for that reason." When Jing crossed the Yangtze, Fahe was then on Mount Qingxi; Yuanying went to ask, "Jing now besieges the capital—how stands the matter?" Fahe said, "When mere men take fruit, they should wait until it is ripe; pluck too soon and it falls of itself. My patron need only wait until Hou Jing ripens—why trouble to ask?" Pressed repeatedly, he at last said, "He may be taken, and he may not."
4
景遣將任約擊梁湘東王於江陵，法和乃詣湘東乞征約，召諸蠻弟子八百人在江津，二日便發。 湘東遣胡僧佑領千餘人與同行。 法和登艦大笑曰：「無量兵馬。」 江陵多神祠，人俗恒所祈禱，自法和軍出，無復一騐，人以為神皆從行故也。 至赤沙湖，與約相對，法和乘輕船，不介胄，沿流而下，去約軍一里乃還。 謂將士曰：「聊觀彼龍睡不動，吾軍之龍甚自踴躍，卽攻之。 若得待明日，當不損客主一人而破賊，然有惡處。」 遂縱火舫於前，而逆風不便，法和執白羽麾風，風勢卽返。 約衆皆見梁兵步於水上，於是大潰，皆投水而死。 約逃竄不知所之。 法和曰：「明日午時當得。」 及期而未得，人問之，法和曰：「吾前於此洲水幹時建一剎，語檀越等，此雖為剎，實是賊標，今何不向標下求賊也？」 如其言，果於水中見約抱剎仰頭，裁出鼻，遂擒之。 約言求就師目前死，法和曰：「檀越有相，必不兵死，且於王有緣，決無他慮，王於後當得檀越力耳。」 湘東果釋用為郡守。 及魏圍江陵，約以兵赴救，力戰焉。
Jing sent his general Ren Yue to strike the Prince of Xiangdong at Jiangling; Fahe then went to the Prince of Xiangdong begging to campaign against Yue, mustered eight hundred barbarian disciples at the river crossing, and set out within two days. The Prince of Xiangdong sent Hu Sengyou leading more than a thousand men to march with him. Fahe boarded the ship and laughed aloud, "Measureless troops and horses." Jiangling had many spirit shrines; the custom was constant prayer, but from the day Fahe's army marched out not one prayer was answered—the people thought the spirits had all gone with the army. At Chisha Lake they faced Yue; Fahe took a light boat, wore no armor, drifted downstream, and turned back a li from Yue's army. He told the officers and men, "I have only come to see whether their dragon lies asleep; our army's dragon is leaping on its own—attack at once. If we could wait until tomorrow, we might break the bandits without losing a man on either side, but there would be an ill turn." They then sent fire-ships ahead, but the headwind was unfavorable; Fahe waved a white feather to command the wind, and the wind at once reversed. Yue's host all saw Liang infantry walking on the water; at that they broke utterly and threw themselves into the river to die. Yue fled and was lost to sight. Fahe said, "At noon tomorrow he will be taken." When the hour came and he was not taken, men asked him; Fahe said, "I earlier built a shrine on this islet when the water was dry and told you patrons that though it is a shrine, in truth it is a bandit-marker—why not seek the bandit beneath the marker now?" As he said, they indeed saw Yue in the water clinging to the shrine with head thrown back, only his nose above the surface; they seized him. Yue begged to die before the Master's eyes; Fahe said, "My patron has the look of fortune—he will surely not die by the sword; moreover he has karmic tie with the prince—set your mind at rest. The prince hereafter will gain my patron's strength." The Prince of Xiangdong indeed released him and employed him as commandery administrator. When Wei besieged Jiangling, Yue came with troops to the rescue and fought fiercely.
5
法和旣平約，往進見王僧辯於巴陵，謂曰：「貧道已斷侯景一臂，其更何能為，檀越宜卽遂取。」 乃請還，謂湘東王曰：「侯景自然平矣，無足可慮。 蜀賊將至，法和請守巫峽待之。」 乃總諸軍而往，親運石以填江。 三日，水遂分流，橫之以鐵鎖。 武陵王紀果遣蜀兵來渡，峽口勢蹙，進退不可。 王琳與法和經略，一戰而殄之。
After Fahe had pacified Yue, he went forward to see Wang Sengbian at Baling and said, "This humble monk has already cut off one arm of Hou Jing—what more can he do? My patron should press the attack at once." He then asked leave to return and told the Prince of Xiangdong, "Hou Jing will naturally be pacified—nothing to worry over. Shu bandits are about to arrive; Fahe asks to hold Wuxia Gorge and await them." He then gathered all armies and went, himself hauling stone to fill the river. In three days the water split into channels; he spanned them with iron chains. The Prince of Wuling Ji indeed sent Shu troops to cross; the gorge mouth was cramped and they could neither advance nor retreat. Wang Lin and Fahe laid plans together; one battle and they were annihilated.
6
軍次白帝，謂人曰：「諸葛孔明可謂名將，吾自見之。 此城旁有其埋弩箭鏃一斛許。」 因插表令掘之，如其言。 又嘗至襄陽城北大樹下，畫地方二尺，令弟子掘之，得一龜，長尺半，以杖叩之曰：「汝欲出不能得，已數百歲，不逢我者，豈見天日乎？」 為授三歸，龜乃入草。 初，八疊山多惡疾人，法和為采藥療之，不過三服皆差，卽求為弟子。 山中毒蟲猛獸，法和授其禁戒，不復噬螫。 所泊江湖，必於峰側結表，云「此處放生。」 漁者皆無所得，才有少獲，輒有大風雷。 船人懼而放之，風雨乃定。 晚雖將兵，猶禁諸軍漁捕。 有竊違者，中夜猛獸必來欲噬之，或亡其船纜。 有小弟子戲截蛇頭，來詣法和。 法和曰：「汝何意殺蛇？」 因指以示之，弟子乃見蛇頭齚褲襠而不落。 法和使懺悔，為蛇作功德。 又有人以牛試刀，一下而頭斷，來詣法和。 法和曰：「有一斷頭牛，就卿徵命殊急，若不為作功德，一月內報至。」 其人弗信，少日果死。 法和又為人置宅圖墓，以避禍求福。 嘗謂人曰：「勿繫馬於碓。」 其人行過鄉曲，門側有碓，因繫馬於其柱。 入門中，意法和戒，走出將解之，馬已斃矣。
The army halted at Baidi; he told men, "Zhuge Kongming may be called a famous general—I have seen him myself. Beside this city he buried about a hu of crossbow bolts and arrowheads." He planted a marker and ordered it dug up; it was as he said. He also once came beneath a great tree north of Xiangyang city, drew a square two chi on the ground, and had a disciple dig; they found a turtle a chi and a half long. He tapped it with a staff and said, "You wish to come forth but cannot; you have been hundreds of years without meeting me—how would you see the light of day?" He gave it the three refuges; the turtle then went into the grass. At first on Badie Mountain there were many afflicted with foul illness; Fahe gathered herbs to treat them—within three doses all were cured, and they at once sought to become disciples. On the mountain poisonous insects and fierce beasts—Fahe gave them precepts, and they no longer bit or stung. Wherever he moored on rivers and lakes he always set up a marker on a peak, saying "Life release here." Fishermen gained nothing; if they caught even a little, great wind and thunder followed. Boatmen in fear released the catch, and wind and rain then stilled. Though late in life he led troops, he still forbade all armies fishing and hunting. Whoever secretly violated—at midnight fierce beasts would come to bite him, or he would lose his mooring line. A young disciple in play cut off a snake's head and came to Fahe. Fahe said, "Why did you kill the snake?" He pointed to show him; the disciple then saw the snake's head biting his trouser flap and not falling away. Fahe had him repent and perform merit for the snake. Again a man tried his blade on an ox; one stroke and the head fell off; he came to Fahe. Fahe said, "There is a headless ox coming to you for its life—most urgent; if you do not perform merit for it, retribution will come within a month." The man did not believe; within days he indeed died. Fahe also drew house-plans and tomb-sites for men to flee calamity and seek blessing. He once told a man, "Do not tie your horse to a pestle." The man passed through a village lane; beside a gate was a pestle, and he tied his horse to its post. Entering the gate, he remembered Fahe's warning, ran out to untie it—the horse was already dead.
7
梁元帝以法和為都督、郢州刺史，封江乘縣公。 法和不稱臣，其啟文朱印名上，自稱司徒。 梁元帝謂其僕射王褒曰：「我未嘗有意用陸為三公，而自稱何也？」 褒曰：「彼旣以道術自命，容是先知。」 梁元帝以法和功業稍重，遂就加司徒，都督、刺史如故。 部曲數千人，通呼為弟子，唯以道術為化，不以法獄加人。 又列肆之內，不立市丞牧佐之法，無人領受，但以空檻籥在道間，上開一孔受錢。 賈客店人隨貨多少，計其估限，自委檻中。 行掌之司，夕方開取，條其孔目，輸之於庫。 又法和平常言若不出口，時有所論，則雄辯無敵，然猶帶蠻音。 善為攻戰具。 在江夏，大聚兵艦，欲襲襄陽而入武關。 梁元帝使止之，法和曰：「法和是求佛之人，尚不希釋梵天王坐處，豈規王位？ 但於空王佛所與主上有香火因緣，見主人應有報至，故求援耳。 今旣被疑，是業定不可改也。」 於是設供食，具大槌薄餅。 及魏舉兵，法和自郢入漢口，將赴江陵。 梁元帝使人逆之曰：「此自能破賊，但鎮郢州，不須動也。」 法和乃還州，堊其城門，著粗白布衫、布袴、邪巾，大繩束腰，坐葦席，終日乃脫之。 及聞梁元帝敗滅，復取前凶服著之，哭泣受弔。 梁人入魏，果見槌餅焉。 法和始於百里洲造壽王寺，旣架佛殿，更截梁柱，曰：「後四十許年佛法當遭雷電，此寺幽僻，可以免難。」 及魏平荊州，宮室焚燼，總管欲發取壽王佛殿，嫌其材短，乃停。 後周氏滅佛法，此寺隔在陳境，故不及難。
Emperor Yuan of Liang made Fahe area commander and inspector of Ying province, enfeoffing him as Duke of Jiangcheng county. Fahe would not style himself subject; on his memorials a vermilion seal bore only his name, and he called himself Minister over the Masses. Emperor Yuan of Liang said to his vice director Wang Bao, "I never meant to use Lu as one of the Three Dukes—why does he style himself so?" Bao said, "He has made himself master of occult arts—perhaps he foreknows." Emperor Yuan of Liang, because Fahe's achievements grew weightier, then added the post of Minister over the Masses; area commander and inspector remained as before. His household troops numbered several thousand; he called them all disciples and taught only by occult ways, never imposing penal law on men. Within the market rows he established no market magistrate or pastoral assistant law; no one collected dues—only empty cages with locks stood along the roads, a hole opened above to receive coin. Shopkeepers and merchants, according to goods more or less, reckoned the assessed limit and themselves cast into the cage. The office that kept the books opened and took them only at evening, listed the hole-accounts, and delivered to the treasury. Again, Fahe in ordinary speech, if he did not speak out, when he did discourse was matchlessly eloquent—yet he still bore a barbarian accent. He was skilled at making siege engines. At Jiangxia he gathered war-ships in great number, intending to strike Xiangyang and enter Wu Pass. Emperor Yuan of Liang sent orders to stop him; Fahe said, "Fahe is a man who seeks the Buddha—he does not even covet the seat of Śakra, Lord of Devas—how would he scheme for kingship? Only at the shrine of the Empty King Buddha do I and my lord share the bond of incense-offering; seeing my lord should have retribution due, I therefore sought aid. Now that I am already suspected, karma is fixed and cannot be changed." He then set out offering food, with great mallets and thin cakes. When Wei raised troops, Fahe himself went from Ying into the Han mouth, about to hurry to Jiangling. Emperor Yuan of Liang sent a man to meet him saying, "We ourselves can break the bandits—only hold Ying province steady; no need to move." Fahe then returned to his province, whitewashed the city gates, wore coarse white cloth shirt and trousers, a slanting headcloth, a great rope about the waist, and sat on a rush mat all day before removing them. When he heard that Emperor Yuan of Liang had been defeated and destroyed, he again donned the former mourning garb, wept, and received condolences. When men of Liang entered Wei, they indeed saw mallets and cakes. Fahe had first built Shouwang Temple on Bailizhou; after the Buddha hall was raised he cut the pillars and beams shorter, saying, "In some forty years the Buddhist Law will suffer lightning; this temple is secluded and may escape calamity." When Wei pacified Jing province the palaces were burned to ash; the chief administrator wished to take the Shouwang Buddha hall timber but disliked its short length and stopped. Later the Zhou house extinguished the Buddhist Law; this temple lay beyond in Chen territory and so did not meet with disaster.
8
天保六年春，清河王岳進軍臨江，法和舉州入齊。 文宣以法和為大都督十州諸軍事、太尉公、西南道大行臺，大都督、五州諸軍事、荊州刺史、安湘郡公宋莅為郢州刺史，官爵如故。 莅弟簉為散騎常侍、儀同三司、湘州刺史、義興縣公。 梁將侯填來逼江夏，齊軍棄城而退，法和與宋莅兄弟入朝。 文宣聞其奇術，虛心相見，備三公鹵簿，於城南十二里供帳以待之。 法和遙見鄴城，下馬禹步。 辛術謂曰：「公旣萬里歸誠，主上虛心相待，何為作此術？」 法和手持香爐，步從路車，至於館。 明日引見，給通幰油絡網車，伏身百人。 詣闕通名，不稱官爵，不稱臣，但云荊山居士。 文宣宴法和及其徒屬於昭陽殿，賜法和錢百萬、物千段、甲第一區、田一百頃、奴婢二百人，生資什物稱是，宋莅千段，其餘儀同、刺史以下各有差。 法和所得奴婢，盡免之，曰：「各隨緣去。」 錢帛散施，一日便盡。 以官所賜宅營佛寺，自居一房，與凡人無異。 三年間再為太尉，世猶謂之居士。 無疾而告弟子死期，至時，燒香禮佛，坐繩床而終。 浴訖將斂，屍小，縮止三尺許。 文宣令開棺視之，空棺而已。 法和書其所居壁而塗之，及剝落，有文曰：「十年天子為尚可，百日天子急如火，周年天子遞代坐。」 又曰：「一母生三天，兩天共五年。」 說者以為婁太后生三天子，自孝昭卽位，至武成傳位後主，共五年焉。
In spring of the sixth year of Tianbao, Prince of Qinghe Yue advanced his army to Linjiang; Fahe brought the whole province into Qi. Wenxuan made Fahe grand commander of military affairs over ten provinces, Duke of the Grand Commandant, and Southwestern Route Grand Camp; Song Li, grand commander of five provinces, inspector of Jing, Duke of Anxiang commandery, remained inspector of Ying—office and rank as before. Li's younger brother Zao was attendant cavalier, palace gentleman of the third rank, inspector of Xiang, Duke of Yixing county. The Liang general Hou Tian came pressing on Jiangxia; Qi troops abandoned the city and withdrew; Fahe and the Song Li brothers entered court. Wenxuan, hearing of his strange arts, received him with an open heart, fully equipped the insignia of the Three Dukes, and at twelve li south of the city set up a pavilion to await him. Fahe saw Ye city from afar, dismounted, and walked with Yu's pace. Xin Shu said to him, "You have come ten thousand li in loyalty; the sovereign receives you with an open heart—why perform this art?" Fahe held an incense burner and walked behind the road chariot to the lodge. The next day he was led in audience; he was given a covered carriage with black-lacquered net and a hundred bodyguards. Coming to the palace he announced his name, styled no office or rank, styled no subject—only called himself the Recluse of Jing Mountain. Wenxuan feasted Fahe and his followers in Zhaoyang Hall, granting Fahe a million cash, a thousand lengths of goods, one first-grade mansion, a hundred qing of fields, two hundred slaves, living supplies and utensils in proportion; Song Li a thousand lengths; the rest from palace gentlemen of the third rank down to inspectors each had his difference. The slaves Fahe received he freed entirely, saying, "Each go as karmic tie leads." Cash and silk he gave away in alms and in one day was spent. With the residence the court had granted he built a Buddhist temple and dwelt in one room, no different from ordinary men. Within three years he was again made Grand Commandant; the age still called him the Recluse. Without illness he told his disciples the day of his death; when it came, he burned incense, worshipped the Buddha, and died seated on a rope bed. When the bath was done and they were about to lay him out, the corpse had shrunk to barely three chi. Gao Yang ordered the coffin opened and looked inside — only an empty coffin. Lu Fahe had written on the wall of his chamber and plastered it over; when the plaster fell away, text read, "Ten years as Son of Heaven would still be tolerable; a hundred days as Son of Heaven burns like fire; a full year as Son of Heaven — thrones pass in turn." It also said, "One mother bears three Sons of Heaven; two heavens together span five years." Interpreters held that Empress Dowager Lou bore three sons who became sovereign — from Emperor Xiaozhao's accession until Wucheng passed the throne to the Later Ruler, five years in all.
9
法和在荊郢，有少姬，年可二十餘，自稱越姥，身披法服，不嫁，恒隨法和東西。 或與其私通十有餘年。 今者賜棄，別更他淫。 有司考驗並實。 越姥因爾改適，生子數人。
While Lu Fahe was in Jing and Ying he had a young concubine of about twenty who called herself the Yue crone. She wore monastic garb, would not marry, and constantly followed him wherever he went. Some had privately coupled with her for more than ten years. Now she was cast off and took other lovers. The authorities investigated; all proved true. The Yue crone then married again and bore several sons.
10
王琳，字子珩，會稽山陰人也。 父顯嗣，梁湘東王國常侍。 琳本兵家，元帝居藩，琳姊妹並入後庭見幸，琳由此未弱冠得在左右。 少好武，遂為將帥。
Wang Lin, styled Ziheng, was a man of Shanyin in Kuaiji. His father Xiansi had been regular attendant in the kingdom of Liang's Prince of Xiangdong. Lin came from a military family. When Emperor Yuan of Liang still held his princely fief, Lin's sisters all entered the inner quarters and won favor; Lin thereby gained a place at the prince's side before he had even capped. In youth he loved martial affairs and thus became a commander.
11
太清二年，侯景渡江，遣琳獻米萬石。 未至，都城陷，乃中江沉米，輕舸還荊州。 稍遷岳陽內史，以軍功封建寧縣侯。 侯景遣將宋子仙據郢州，琳攻剋之，擒子仙。 又隨王僧辯破景。 後拜湘州刺史。
In the second year of Taiqing, Hou Jing crossed the Yangzi; Lin was sent to present ten thousand piculs of grain. Before he arrived the capital fell. He sank the grain mid-river and returned by light boat to Jingzhou. He was gradually promoted to administrator of Yueyang and, for military merit, enfeoffed Marquis of Jianning. Hou Jing sent General Song Zixian to hold Yingzhou; Lin attacked and took it, capturing Zixian. He also followed Wang Sengbian in defeating Hou Jing. Later he was made governor of Xiangzhou.
12
琳果勁絕人，又能傾身下士，所得賞物，不以入家。 麾下萬人，多是江淮羣盜。 平景之勛，與杜龕俱為第一，恃寵縱暴於建業。 王僧辯禁之不可，懼將為亂，啟請誅之。 琳亦疑禍，令長史陸納率部曲前赴湘州，身徑上江陵。 將行，謂納等曰：「吾若不返，子將安之？」 咸曰：「請死相報。」 泣而別。 及至，帝以下吏，而廷尉卿黃羅漢、太府卿張載宣喻琳軍。 陸納等及軍人並哭對使者，莫肯受命，乃報黃羅漢，殺張載。 載性深刻，為帝所信，荊州疾之如仇，故納等因人之欲，抽腸系馬腳，使繞而走，腸盡氣絕，又臠割備五刑而斬之。 梁元遣王僧辯討納，納等敗走長沙。 是時湘州未平，武陵王兵又甚盛，江陵公私恐懼，人有異圖。 納啟申琳罪，請復本位，永為奴婢。 梁元乃鎖琳送長沙。 時納兵出方戰，會琳至，僧辯升諸樓車以示之。 納等投戈俱拜，舉軍皆哭，曰：「乞王郎入城，卽出。」 及放琳入，納等乃降，湘州平。 仍復本位，使琳拒蕭紀。 紀平，授衡州刺史。
Lin was fierce beyond ordinary men, yet could humble himself before his troops; whatever rewards he received he did not bring home. Under his command were ten thousand men, mostly bandits of the Jiang and Huai. In merit for pacifying Jing he ranked first with Du Kan; relying on favor he ran riot in Jiankang. Wang Sengbian forbade it but could not; fearing Lin would stir rebellion, he memorialized asking that he be executed. Lin also suspected disaster. He ordered chief clerk Lu Na to lead his troops ahead to Xiangzhou while he himself went straight up to Jiangling. About to depart, he said to Na and the rest, "If I do not return, where will you go?" All said, "We ask only to die in your service." They wept and parted. When he arrived, the emperor had him sent down to the law; but court gentleman of the imperial law Huang Luohan and minister of the grand treasury Zhang Zai went to announce the decree to Lin's army. Lu Na and the soldiers all wept facing the envoys and would not accept orders; they reported to Huang Luohan and killed Zhang Zai. Zai was harsh by nature and trusted by the emperor; Jingzhou hated him like an enemy. So Na and the rest, playing on men's desires, drew out his entrails and tied them to a horse's leg, making the horse run until the guts were gone and breath ended; then they carved him piecemeal through the five punishments and beheaded him. Emperor Yuan of Liang sent Wang Sengbian to attack Na; Na and the rest were defeated and fled to Changsha. At that time Xiangzhou was not yet pacified, and the Prince of Wuling's troops were very strong; public and private in Jiangling were afraid, and men harbored other schemes. Na memorialized stating Lin's crimes, asking that he be restored to his original post and offering that they would be slaves forever. Emperor Yuan then shackled Lin and sent him to Changsha. At the time Na's troops were out fighting; when Lin arrived, Sengbian mounted the tower chariots to show him. Na and the rest cast down their weapons and bowed together; the whole army wept and said, "We beg Prince Lin enter the city — we will come out at once." When Lin was released and entered, Na and the rest then surrendered, and Xiangzhou was pacified. Lin was restored to his post and ordered to resist Xiao Ji. When Ji was pacified, Lin was made governor of Hengzhou.
13
梁元性多忌，以琳所部甚衆，又得衆心，故出之嶺外，又受都督、廣州刺史。 其友主書李膺，帝所任遇，琳告之曰：「琳蒙拔擢，常欲畢命以報國恩。 今天下未平，遷琳嶺外，如有萬一不虞，安得琳力？ 忖官正疑琳耳。 琳分望有限，可得與官爭為帝乎？ 何不以琳為雍州刺史，使鎮武寧，琳自放兵作田，為國禦捍。 若警急，動靜相知。 孰若遠棄嶺南，相去萬里，一日有變，將欲如何？ 琳非願長坐荊南，正以國計如此耳。」 膺然其言，不敢啟，故遂率其衆鎮嶺南。
Emperor Yuan was much given to suspicion. Because Lin's following was very large and he had won men's hearts, he was sent out beyond the ranges; he also received the post of area commander and governor of Guangzhou. His friend master of documents Li Ying, whom the emperor favored — Lin told him, "Lin has received your pull and lift; I have always wished to give my life to repay the state's grace. The realm is not yet settled; moving Lin beyond the ranges — if there should be the slightest mishap, how could you use Lin's strength? I reckon Your Majesty now only suspects Lin. Lin's share of ambition is limited — could I contend with Your Majesty to be emperor? Why not make Lin governor of Yongzhou, to garrison Wuning? Lin himself would release troops to farm the fields and guard the state on your behalf. If alarm comes, movements would be known to each other. How does that compare with casting one far off in Lingnan, ten thousand li apart — if in a day something changes, what then? Lin does not wish to sit long in southern Jing; it is only that the state's plan is thus." Ying agreed with his words but dared not report them; so Lin led his host to garrison Lingnan.
14
梁元為魏圍逼，乃徵琳赴援，除湘州刺史。 琳師次長沙，知魏平江陵，已立梁王察，乃為梁元舉哀，三軍縞素。 遣別將侯平率舟師攻梁。 琳屯兵長沙，傳檄諸方，為進趨之計。 時長沙藩王蕭韶及上遊諸將推琳主盟。 侯平雖不能渡江，頻破梁軍，又以琳兵威不接，翻更不受指麾。 琳遣將討之，不克，又師老兵疲不能進。 乃遣使奉表詣齊，並獻馴象； 又使獻款於魏，求其妻子； 亦稱臣於梁。
Emperor Yuan, pressed by Wei siege, summoned Lin to the rescue and made him governor of Xiangzhou again. Lin's army halted at Changsha. Learning Wei had taken Jiangling and set up Liang Prince Cha, he held mourning for Emperor Yuan; the whole army wore white. He sent a separate commander Hou Ping with a fleet to attack Liang. Lin encamped at Changsha and issued proclamations to all quarters, planning advance. At the time Prince of Changsha Xiao Shao and the upstream commanders pushed Lin as league leader. Though Hou Ping could not cross the Yangzi, he repeatedly defeated Liang forces; yet because Lin's military prestige did not reach him, he in turn would no longer accept orders. Lin sent generals to attack him but could not overcome him; his army was also old, soldiers weary, unable to advance. He sent envoys with a memorial to Qi and also presented a tame elephant; he also sent submission to Wei, asking for his wife and children; and he also declared himself minister to Liang.
15
陳霸先旣殺王僧辯，推立敬帝，以侍中司空徵。 琳不從命，乃大營樓艦，將圖義舉。 琳將帥各乘一艦，每行，戰艦以千數，以「野豬」為名。 陳武帝遣將侯安都、周文育等誅琳，仍受梁禪。 安都嘆曰：「我其敗乎，師無名矣。」 逆戰於沌口，琳乘平肩輿，執鉞而麾之，禽安都、文育，其餘無所漏。 唯以周鐵虎一人背恩，斬之。 鎖安都、文育置琳所坐艦中，令一閹豎監守之。 琳乃移湘州軍府就郢城，帶甲十萬，練兵於白水浦。 琳巡軍而言曰：「可以為勤王之師矣，溫太真何人哉！」 江南渠帥熊曇朗、周迪懷貳，琳遣李孝欽、樊猛與余孝頃同討之。 三將軍敗，並為敵所囚。 安都、文育等盡逃還建業。
Chen Baxian had killed Wang Sengbian and raised Emperor Jing, summoning Lin as attendant and minister of works. Lin did not obey; he greatly built tower-ships, intending a righteous rising. Lin's commanders each rode one vessel; whenever he moved, battle ships numbered in thousands, named "Wild Boar." Emperor Wu of Chen sent generals Hou Andu and Zhou Wenyu to execute Lin, then accepted Liang's abdication. Andu sighed, "Shall I be defeated? The army has no righteous name." They fought upstream at Zhunkou. Lin rode a level-shouldered litter, grasped an axe and directed them, capturing Andu and Wenyu; of the rest none escaped. Only Zhou Tiehu alone betrayed kindness — him he beheaded. He shackled Andu and Wenyu aboard the vessel where Lin sat and set a eunuch to guard them. Lin then moved the Xiangzhou military headquarters to Yingcheng, with armor on a hundred thousand, drilling troops at Baisui Ford. Lin inspected the army and said, "This can be an army to relieve the ruler — who was Wen Taizhen!" The channel lords of Jiangnan, Xiong Tanlang and Zhou Di, wavered in loyalty; Lin sent Li Xiaoqin, Fan Meng, and Yu Xiaoxiang together to attack them. All three generals were defeated and taken prisoner by the enemy. Andu, Wenyu, and the rest all escaped back to Jiankang.
16
初，魏剋江陵之時，永嘉王莊年甫七歲，逃匿人家，後琳迎還湘中，衛送東下。 及敬帝立，出質於齊，請納莊為梁主。 文宣遣兵援送，仍遣兼中書令李騊駼冊拜琳為梁丞相、都督中外諸軍、錄尚書事。 舍人羊愨、遊詮之等齎璽書江表宣勞，自琳以下皆有頒賜。 琳乃遣兄子叔寶率所部十州刺史子弟赴鄴，奉莊纂梁祚於郢州。 莊授琳侍中、使持節、大將軍、中書監，改封安城郡公，其餘並依齊朝前命。 及陳霸先卽位，琳乃輔莊次於濡須口。 齊遣揚州道行臺慕容儼率衆臨江，為其聲援。 陳遣安州刺史吳明徹江中夜上，將襲湓城。 琳遣巴陵太守任忠大敗之，明徹僅以身免。
Earlier, when Wei took Jiangling, Prince Zhuang of Yongjia was only seven; he hid in a household; later Lin welcomed him back to Xiang and escorted him east. When Emperor Jing was enthroned, Zhuang was sent as hostage to Qi, asking that Zhuang be received as ruler of Liang. Gao Yang sent troops to escort him and also dispatched concurrent secretariat supervisor Li Piaomo to invest Lin as Liang chancellor, commander of all armies within and without, and recorder of the masters of writing. Attendant Yang Yin and You Quanzhi and others carried imperial writs to proclaim favors in the Jiang region; from Lin downward all received gifts. Lin sent his nephew's son Shubao to lead sons of the ten provincial governors' families to Ye, to install Zhuang in Liang's mandate at Yingzhou. Zhuang made Lin attendant, bearer of credentials, grand general, and director of the secretariat, changed his enfeoffment to Duke of Ancheng, and the rest followed Qi's earlier orders. When Chen Baxian took the throne, Lin then supported Zhuang encamped at Ruxukou. Qi sent acting governor of the Yangzhou route Murong Yan with troops to the river as his rear support. Chen sent Wu Mingche, inspector of Anzhou, up the Yangzi by night, intending a surprise on Tuncheng. Lin sent Ren Zhong, administrator of Baling, who inflicted a great defeat; Mingche barely escaped with his life.
17
琳兵因東下，陳遣司空侯安都等拒之。 侯瑱等以琳軍方盛，引軍入蕪湖避之。 時西南風忽至，琳謂得天道，將直取揚州。 侯瑱等徐出蕪湖，躡其後。 比及兵交，西南風翻為瑱用。 琳兵放火燧以擲船者，皆反燒其船。 琳船艦潰亂，兵士投水死十二三，其餘皆棄船上岸，為陳軍所殺殆盡。 初琳命左長史袁泌、禦史中丞劉仲威同典兵侍衛莊，及軍敗，泌遂降陳，仲威以莊投歷陽。
Lin's troops then went downstream; Chen sent minister of works Hou Andu and others to resist. Hou Tian and the rest, seeing Lin's army at its height, drew off into Wuhu to avoid it. Suddenly a southwest wind arose; Lin thought heaven favored him and would drive straight on Yangzhou. Hou Tian and the rest slowly emerged from Wuhu and followed his rear. By the time battle joined, the southwest wind had turned to Tian's use. Lin's men cast fire beacons at the enemy ships — all burned their own ships instead. Lin's fleet broke in disorder; a tenth or two of the soldiers drowned; the rest all abandoned ship for shore and were killed by Chen forces almost to the last man. Earlier Lin had ordered left chief clerk Yuan Mi and imperial censor Liu Zhongwei jointly to command troops guarding Zhuang; when the army fell, Mi surrendered to Chen, and Zhongwei took Zhuang to Liyang.
18
琳尋與莊同降鄴都。 孝昭帝遣琳出合肥，鳩集義故，更圖進取。 琳乃繕艦，分遣招募，淮南傖楚，皆願戮力。 陳合州刺史裴景暉，琳兄珉之婿也，請以私屬導引齊師。 孝昭委琳與行臺左丞盧潛率兵應赴，沉吟不決。 景暉懼事泄，挺身歸齊。 孝昭賜琳璽書，令鎮壽陽，其部下將帥悉聽以行，乃除琳驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司、揚州刺史，封會稽郡公，又增兵仗，兼給鐃吹。 琳水陸戒嚴，將觀釁而動。 屬陳氏結好於齊，使琳更聽後圖。 琳在壽陽，與行臺尚書盧潛不協，更相是非，被召還鄴，武成弘而不問。 除滄州刺史，後以琳為特進、侍中。 所居屋脊無故剝破，出赤蛆數升，落地化為血，蠕蠕而動。 又有龍出於門外之地，雲霧起，晝晦。
Soon Lin and Zhuang surrendered together at the capital of Ye. Emperor Xiaozhao sent Lin out from Hefei to muster old adherents and plan advance again. Lin repaired ships and sent parties to recruit; the porters and Chu of Huainan all wished to give their strength. Chen's inspector of Hezhou Pei Jinghui was son-in-law to Lin's elder brother Min; he asked to guide the Qi army with his private followers. Emperor Xiaozhao entrusted Lin with commissioner left assistant director Lu Qian to lead troops to answer the call, but hesitated undecided. Jinghui feared the affair would leak; he threw himself on Qi. Emperor Xiaozhao granted Lin an imperial letter, ordering him to garrison Shouyang; his subordinate commanders might all go with him. Lin was made grand general of agile cavalry, bearer of equal hall with the three dukes, governor of Yangzhou, enfeoffed Duke of Kuaiji; arms were increased, and drums and pipes were also given. Lin made strict readiness by land and water, waiting to move on opportunity. Just then Chen and Qi made peace; Lin was made to wait for later plans. While Wang Lin held Shouyang he feuded with Lu Qian, director of the secretariat on the mobile court; they traded accusations until he was recalled to Ye. Emperor Wucheng let the matter pass without punishment. He was appointed inspector of Cangzhou, then made grand mentor and attendant-in-ordinary. The roof-ridge of his house split open for no reason. Several sheng of red maggots poured out; where they struck the ground they turned to blood and writhed. A dragon also appeared in the ground outside his gate. Cloud and mist rose until broad daylight turned dim.
19
會陳將吳明徹來寇，帝勑領軍將軍尉破胡等出援秦州，令琳共為經略。 琳謂所親曰：「今太歲在東南，歲星居鬥牛分，太白已高，皆利為客，我將有喪。」 又謂破胡曰：「吳兵甚銳，宜長策制之，慎勿輕鬬。」 破胡不從，遂戰，軍大敗，琳單馬突圍，僅而獲免。 還至彭城，帝令便赴壽陽，並許召募。 又進封琳巴陵郡王。 陳將吳明徹進兵圍之，堰淝水灌城，而皮景和等屯於淮西，竟不赴救。 明徹晝夜攻擊，城內水氣轉侵，人皆患腫，死病相枕。 從七月至十月，城陷被執，百姓泣而從之。 吳明徹恐其為變，殺之城東北二十里，時年四十八，哭者聲如雷。 有一叟以酒脯來酹，盡哀，收其血，懷之而去。 傳首建康，懸之於市。
When the Chen general Wu Mingche invaded, the emperor ordered Grand Guard General Yu Pohu and others to march out in relief toward Qinzhou and appointed Lin joint strategist. Lin told his intimates, "Jupiter stands in the southeast, the Year Star sits in the Ox and Dipper mansions, and Venus already rides high—all favor the attacker. I am marked for death." He also told Yu Pohu, "Wu Mingche's men are keen. Wear them down with a long plan—do not join battle rashly." Yu Pohu would not listen. He gave battle and the army was shattered. Lin broke out alone on horseback and barely lived. Back at Pengcheng the emperor ordered him straight to Shouyang and allowed him to raise troops. Lin was further enfeoffed as prince of Baling commandery. Wu Mingche pressed the siege, dammed the Fei to flood the city, while Pi Jinghe and others held west of the Huai—and never came to relieve it. Mingche attacked without pause. Damp and foul air spread through the city; men swelled with sickness, and the dead and dying lay in heaps. From the seventh month to the tenth the city fell. He was taken, and the people followed weeping. Wu Mingche, fearing revolt, had him killed twenty li northeast of the city. He was forty-eight. The sound of mourning rolled like thunder. An old man brought wine and meat to pour a libation, mourned his fill, gathered the blood, and walked away with it hidden in his robe. His head was sent to Jiankang and hung in the market.
20
琳故吏梁驃騎府倉曹參軍朱瑒致書陳尚書僕射徐陵求琳首曰：
Zhu Yang, a former clerk of Lin's in the Liang Rapid-as-Wind Office, wrote to Xu Ling, vice director of the Chen secretariat, begging for Lin's head. He said:
21
竊以朝市遷貿，傳骨梗之風，歷運推移，表忠貞之跡。 故典午將滅，徐廣為晉家遺老； 當塗已謝，馬孚稱魏室忠臣。 用能播美於前書，垂名於後世。 梁故建寧公琳，洛濱餘胄，沂州舊族，立功代邸，效績中朝，當離亂之辰，總方伯之任。 爾乃輕躬殉主，以身許國，實追蹤於往彥，信踵武於前修。 而天厭梁德，上思匡繼，徒蘊包胥之念，終遘萇弘之眚。 洎王業光啟，鼎祚有歸，於是遠跡山東，寄命河北。 雖輕旅臣之歎，猶懷客卿之禮，感茲知己，忘此捐軀。 至使身沒九泉，頭行萬里。 誠復馬革裹死，遂其生平之志； 原野暴骸，會彼人臣之節。 然身首異處，有足悲者； 封樹靡卜，良可愴焉。 瑒早簉末席，降薛君之吐握，荷魏公之知遇。 是用霑巾雨袂，痛可識之顏； 回腸疾首，切猶生之面。 伏惟聖恩博厚，明詔爰發，赦王經之哭，許田橫之葬，瑒雖芻賤，竊亦有心。 琳經蒞壽陽，頗存遺愛； 曾遊江右，非無餘德。 比肩東閤之吏，繼踵西園之賓，願歸彼境，還修窀穸。 庶孤墳旣築，或飛銜土之燕； 豐碑式樹，時留墮淚之人。 近故舊王綰等已有論牒，仰蒙制議，不遂所陳。 昔廉公告逝，卽淝川而建塋域； 孫叔云亡，仍芍陂而植楸槚。 由此言之，抑有其例。 不使壽春城下，唯傳報葛之人； 滄洲島上，獨有悲田之客。 昧死陳祈，伏待刑憲。
I venture to say: as thrones and markets change hands, the stubborn bone of loyalty still passes down; as ages turn, the mark of steadfast service still shows. When the Jin house was dying, Xu Guang remained its old loyal servant; when the Cao house had fallen, Ma Fu was hailed as Wei's faithful minister. So their praise entered the earlier histories and their names lived on. The late Liang Duke of Jianning, Lin, came of stock on the Luoyang shore and an old clan of Yizhou. He won merit at the Dai seat and served the central court; in an age of chaos he bore a governor's charge. He gave his body cheaply to die for his lord and pledged his life to the state—truly in the footsteps of the worthies of old, truly walking the path of earlier men of honor. Yet Heaven had turned from Liang; he still burned to restore the line—he kept Shen Baoxu's resolve, but met Chang Hong's fate. When the royal cause brightened and the mandate found its throne, he withdrew to the lands east of the mountains and cast his lot north of the River. Though he grieved like a guest far from home, he was still treated as a valued ally; grateful for such trust, he thought nothing of giving his life. So his body went to the nine springs while his head traveled ten thousand li. To die wrapped in horsehide would have matched the wish of his life; to lie on the open field would still have been a subject's due. Yet body and head in different places—there is cause enough for grief; no grave mound marked, no trees planted—how deeply pitiable. I early sat at the lowest place, humbled myself before Lord Xue's welcoming grasp, and bore Duke Wei's favor. For this my scarf is drenched and my sleeves run with tears—for a face I knew; my bowels twist and my head splits—as though he were still alive before me. I bow before your broad grace: your edict has gone forth to spare Wang Jing's mourners and grant Tian Heng his burial. Though I am mean as grass, I too have a heart. Lin once held Shouyang and left kindness behind; he once served south of the Yangtze—not without merit left. Men of the Eastern Pavilion stood at his side; guests of the Western Garden followed in his train—we beg to bring him back to that land and raise his grave. If his lonely mound is raised, perhaps swallows will come bearing soil; a noble stele set up, and men who weep will linger there. Lately Wang Wan and other old companions already filed a petition; we awaited the court's ruling, but our request was denied. When Duke Lian died of old, a tomb was raised straightway on the Fei; when Sun Shu died, catalpa and oak were planted still at Shaobo. By these examples, precedent plainly stands. Do not leave below Shouchun's walls only the cold bearer of ill tidings; on some bleak isle, only Tian Heng's lone mourner. At the risk of my life I make this plea; I bow and await your judgment.
22
陵嘉其志節。 又明徹亦數夢琳求首，並為啟陳主而許之。 仍與開府儀同主簿劉韶慧等持其首還於淮南，權瘞八公山側，義故會葬者數千人。 瑒等乃間道北歸，別議迎接。 尋有揚州人茅知勝等五人密送葬柩達於鄴。 贈十五州諸軍事、揚州刺史、侍中、特進、開府、錄尚書事，諡曰忠武王，葬給轀輬車。
Xu Ling praised his loyalty and resolve. Wu Mingche too dreamed again and again that Lin begged for his head. Both men reported to the Chen ruler, who consented. Then Liu Shaohui, chief clerk with opening office and equal insignia, and others carried the head back to the south Huai and buried it provisionally on the slope of Eight Lords Mountain. Several thousand old followers came to the grave. Zhu Yang and his party then stole north by back roads and made separate plans to bring the body home. Soon five Yangzhou men, Mao Zhisheng among them, secretly conveyed the coffin through and delivered it at Ye. He was posthumously made commander-in-chief over fifteen provinces, inspector of Yangzhou, attendant-in-ordinary, grand mentor, with opening office and recorder of the secretariat; his temple name was Loyal Martial King, and a state funerary carriage was granted.
23
琳體貌閑雅，立髮委地，喜怒不形於色。 雖無學業，而強記內敏，軍府佐吏千數，皆識其姓名。 刑罰不濫，輕財愛士，得將卒之心。 少任將帥，屢經喪亂，雅有忠義之節。 雖本圖不遂，鄴人亦以此重之，待遇甚厚。 及敗，為陳軍所執，吳明徹欲全之，而其下將領多琳故吏，爭來致請，並相資給，明徹由此忌之，故及於難。 當時田夫野老，知與不知，莫不為之歔欷流泣。 觀其誠信感物，雖李將軍之恂恂善誘，殆無以加焉。
Lin's bearing was calm and elegant. Standing, his hair reached the ground; joy and anger never showed on his face. He had no schooling, but his memory was fierce and his mind quick; a thousand officers and clerks served him, and he knew every name. He did not abuse punishment; he was free with goods and cherished his men, and won soldiers and officers alike. From youth he held command, lived through repeated collapses, and by nature kept the knot of loyalty. Though his great design failed, the men of Ye respected him for it and treated him generously. After his defeat the Chen army took him. Wu Mingche meant to spare him, but many of his own officers had once served Lin; they crowded forward to plead for him and gave him supplies. Mingche grew jealous, feared trouble, and so brought him to his death. Then field hands and villagers, whether they had known him or not, all sighed and wept. To see how his honesty moved men—even General Li Guang's gentle way with troops could hardly match it.
24
琳十七子。 長子敬，在齊襲王爵，武平末，通直常侍。 第九子衍，隋開皇中開府儀同三司，大業初，卒於渝州刺史。 [1]
Lin had seventeen sons. The eldest, Jing, inherited the princedom in Qi; at the end of Wuping he was regular attendant of the palace gate. The ninth son, Yan, under Sui Kaihuang held opening office, equal in insignia with three departments; early in Daye he died as inspector of Yuzhou. Footnote 1 in the source text.
25
全文以中華書局、一九七二年十一月、第一版《北齊書》為本校。
The full text has been collated against the Zhonghua Shuju first edition of the Book of Northern Qi, November 1972.