1
陳書卷五
Book of Chen, Volume 5
2
本紀第五
Annals, Part Five
3
高宗孝宣皇帝諱頊，字紹世，小字師利，始興昭烈王第二子也。 梁〔中〕大通二年七月辛酉生，[1]有赤光滿堂室。 少寬大，多智略。 及長，美容儀，身長八尺三寸，手垂過膝。 有勇力，善騎射。 高祖平侯景，鎮京口，梁元帝徵高祖子姪入侍，高祖遣高宗赴江陵，累官為直閤將軍、中書侍郎。 時有馬軍主李總與高宗有舊，[2]每同遊處，高宗嘗夜被酒，張燈而寐，總適出，尋返，乃見高宗身是大龍，總便驚駭，走避佗室。 及江陵陷，高宗遷于關右。 永定元年，遙襲封始興郡王，邑二千戶。 三年，世祖嗣位，改封安成王。 天嘉三年，自周還，授侍中、中書監、中衛將軍，置佐史。 尋授使持節、都督揚南徐東揚南豫北江五州諸軍事、揚州刺史，進號驃騎將軍，餘如故。 四年，加開府儀同三司。 六年，遷司空。 天康元年，授尚書令，餘並如故。 廢帝即位，拜司徒，進號驃騎大將軍，錄尚書，都督中外諸軍事，給班劍三十人。 光大二年正月，進位太傅，領司徒，加殊禮，劍履上殿，增邑并前三千戶，餘並如故。 十一月甲寅，慈訓太后令廢帝為臨海王，以高宗入纂。
Emperor Xuan the Gaozong, whose personal name was tabooed as Xu, who styled himself Shaoshi and in youth was called Shili, was the second son of Prince Zhao-lie of Shixing. He was born on xinyou day in the seventh month of the second year of Liang's Datong era (530). [1] Red light filled the hall. As a youth he was magnanimous and full of stratagem. Grown, he was handsome, eight feet three inches tall, with hands that reached below his knees. He was strong and brave and skilled in horsemanship and archery. When the Founder crushed Hou Jing and held Jingkou, Emperor Yuan of Liang called the Founder's sons and nephews to court; the Founder sent Emperor Xuan to Jiangling, where he rose through posts to straight gate general and secretariat gentleman. Horse army commander Li Zong was then an old companion of Emperor Xuan [2] and often kept his company. One night Emperor Xuan lay drunk with lamps burning; Zong stepped out and returned to find his body transformed into a great dragon. Terrified, Zong fled to another room. When Jiangling fell, Emperor Xuan was taken west to the Guan region. In the first year of Yongding (557) he received a distant patent as Prince of Shixing with a fief of two thousand households. In year 3, when Emperor Wen took the throne, he was re-enfeoffed as Prince of Ancheng. In Tianjia year 3 (562) he returned from Northern Zhou and was made palace attendant, secretariat supervisor, and central guard general, with a full staff. He was soon given the staff and made area commander over Yang, South Xu, East Yang, South Yu, and North Jiang, with the post of inspector of Yangzhou; he was promoted to general of agile cavalry, other offices unchanged. In year 4 he received a mansion equal to the three dukes. In year 6 he was made minister of works. In the first year of Tiankang (566) he was appointed director of the Masters of Writing, other offices unchanged. When the Deposed Emperor ascended, Emperor Xuan became minister of education, was promoted to grand general of agile cavalry, made recorder of the Masters of Writing and commander of all armies at court and in the field, and was granted thirty ceremonial swords. In the first month of Guangda year 2 (567) he was made grand tutor while keeping the ministry of education, granted extraordinary honors and the right to wear sword and shoes in audience, and his fief was raised with the former total to three thousand households. On jiayin day in the eleventh month the empress dowager of kind instruction deposed the emperor as Prince of Linhai and set Emperor Xuan to succeed.
4
太建元年春正月甲午，即皇帝位于太極前殿，詔曰：「夫聖人受命，王者中興，並由懿德，方作元后。 高祖武皇帝揖拜堯圖，經綸禹跡，配天之業，光辰象而利貞，格地之功，侔川岳而長遠。 世祖文皇帝體上聖之姿，當下武之運，築宮示儉，所務唯德，定鼎初基，厥謀斯在。 朕以寡薄，才非聖賢，夙荷前規，方傳景祚。 雖復親承訓誨，志守藩維，詠季子之高風，思城陽之遠託，自元儲紹國，正位君臨，無道非幾，佇聞刑措。 豈圖王室不造，頻謀亂階，天步艱難，將傾寶曆，仰惟嘉命，爰集朕躬。 我心貞確， （空） 〔堅〕誓蒼昊，[3]而群辟啟請，相諠渭橋，文母尊嚴，懸心長樂，對揚璽紱，非止殷湯之三辭，履涉春冬，何但代王之五讓。 今便肅奉天策，欽承介圭。 若據滄溟，踰增兢業。 思所以雲行雨施，品物咸亨，當與黔黎，普同斯慶。 可改光大三年為太建元年。 大赦天下。 在位文武賜位一階，孝悌力田及為父後者賜爵一級，異等殊才，並加策序。 鰥寡孤獨不能自存者，人賜穀五斛。」 復太皇太后尊號曰皇太后。 立妃柳氏為皇后，世子叔寶為皇太子，皇子南中郎將、江州刺史康樂侯叔陵為始興王，奉昭烈王祀。 乙未，輿駕謁太廟。 丁酉，分命大使巡行四方，觀省風俗。 征南大將軍、開府儀同三司、新除中撫大將軍章昭達進號車騎大將軍，新除中軍大將軍、開府儀同三司、南徐州刺史淳于量為征北大將軍，鎮北將軍、開府儀同三司、南徐州刺史、新除鎮西將軍、郢州刺史黃法𣰋進號征西大將軍，新除安南將軍、開府儀同三司、湘州刺史吳明徹進號鎮南將軍，鎮東將軍、揚州刺史、鄱陽王伯山進號中衛將軍，尚書僕射沈欽為尚書左僕射，度支尚書王勱為尚書右僕射，護軍將軍沈恪為鎮南將軍、廣州刺史。 [4]辛丑，輿駕親祠南郊。 壬寅，以皇子建安侯叔英為宣惠將軍、東揚州刺史，改封豫章王。 豐城侯叔堅改封長沙王。 癸卯，以明威將軍周弘正為特進。 戊午，輿駕親祠太廟。
On jiawu day in the first month of Taijian year 1 (569) he ascended the throne in the hall before the Supreme Ultimate and proclaimed: "Sages who receive the mandate and kings who restore a fallen house do so through deep virtue before they become sovereign. The Founder, the Martial Emperor, took up Yao's design and continued Yu's work; his heaven-matching achievement lit the constellations and endured; his earth-reaching merit rivaled mountains and rivers in span. Emperor Wen bore the form of the highest sage and met an age that called for force below; he built palaces to teach thrift and cared only for virtue; the founding of the dynasty was his aim. We are slight in merit and no sage; long We have carried the former design and were to pass on the bright mandate. Though We were trained in person and meant to hold to our fief, singing of the youngest son's lofty withdrawal and of the Prince of Chengyang's distant entrustment, once the crown prince ruled in rightful seat We hoped wrong would fade and punishments fall still. We never thought the house so ill-starred, rebellion plotting step after step, the throne's path perilous and the calendar near collapse—yet heaven's charge has settled on Us. Our heart is firm and sure, (lacuna) See editorial note 3. sworn firm to heaven—yet ministers pressed Us at Wei Bridge; the empress dowager's heart hung on Everlasting Joy; to face the seal was more than King Tang's three refusals, and the seasons we crossed were more than the King of Dai's five yieldings. Now We reverently take Heaven's writ and accept the secondary jade. Standing on so vast a sea, Our dread and care only deepen. We mean to let cloud and rain pass so all things thrive and share this blessing with the people. Let Guangda year 3 be renamed Taijian year 1. A general amnesty is proclaimed throughout the realm. Officials civil and military in post receive one step in rank; the filial, the dutiful, strong farmers, and heirs receive one step of nobility; men of rare talent are to be promoted by examination. Widowers, widows, orphans, and the destitute who cannot support themselves receive five hu of grain each." The grand empress dowager was again styled empress dowager. Lady Liu was made empress; the heir Shubao crown prince; Prince Shuling of Kangle, south center general and inspector of Jiangzhou, was made Prince of Shixing to tend Prince Zhao-lie's shrine. On yiwei day the emperor visited the ancestral temple. On dingyou day envoys were sent to tour the four quarters and inspect local customs. Zhang Zhaoda, campaign south grand general with a mansion equal to the three dukes and newly named central pacifying grand general, was promoted to general of chariots and cavalry; Chunyu Liang, central army grand general, inspector of South Xuzhou, was made general who campaigns north; Huang Faqu, garrison north general and inspector of South Xuzhou, newly garrison west general and inspector of Yingzhou, was promoted to general who campaigns west; Wu Mingche, newly pacify south general and inspector of Xiangzhou, was promoted to general who garrisons south; Boshan, Prince of Poyang, garrison east general and inspector of Yangzhou, was made central guard general; Shen Qin became left ministerial aide; Wang Li right ministerial aide; Shen Ke, protector general, became general who garrisons south and inspector of Guangzhou. See editorial note 4. On xinchou day the emperor sacrificed in person at the southern suburb. On renyin day Prince Shuying of Jian'an was made manifest grace general and inspector of East Yangzhou and re-enfeoffed as Prince of Yuzhang. Shujian, Marquis of Fengcheng, was re-enfeoffed as Prince of Changsha. On guimao day Zhou Hongzheng, bright prestige general, was made special grand master. On wuwu day the emperor sacrificed in person at the ancestral temple.
5
二月庚午，皇后謁太廟。 辛未，皇太子謁太廟。 乙亥，輿駕親耕藉田。
On gengwu day in the second month the empress visited the ancestral temple. On xinwei day the crown prince visited the ancestral temple. On yihai day the emperor plowed the sacred field in person.
6
夏五月甲午，齊遣使來聘。 丁巳，以吏部尚書、領大著作徐陵為尚書右僕射，太子詹事、駙馬都尉沈君理為吏部尚書。
On jiawu day in the fifth month of summer Qi sent envoys on a friendly visit. On dingsi day Xu Ling, minister of personnel and grand compiler, became right ministerial aide; Shen Junli, crown prince tutor and commandant of horse for the consort, became minister of personnel.
7
秋七月辛卯，皇太子納妃沈氏，王公已下賜帛各有差。 丁酉，以平東將軍、吳郡太守晉安王伯恭為中護軍，進號安南將軍。
On xinmao day in the seventh month of autumn the crown prince took Lady Shen; princes, nobles, and officials received silk in varying measure. On dingyou day Bongong, Prince of Jin'an, pacify east general and administrator of Wu, was made central protector and promoted to pacify south general.
8
九月甲辰，以新除中護軍晉安王伯恭為中領軍。
On jiachen day in the ninth month Bongong, Prince of Jin'an and newly named central protector, was made central commandant.
9
冬十月，新除左衛將軍歐陽紇據廣州舉兵反。 辛未，遣車騎將軍、開府儀同三司章昭達率眾討之。 壬午，輿駕親祠太廟。
In the tenth month of winter Ouyang He, newly left guard general, seized Guangzhou and rebelled. On xinwei day Zhang Zhaoda, general of chariots and cavalry with a mansion equal to the three dukes, was sent with troops against him. On renwu day the emperor sacrificed in person at the ancestral temple.
10
二年春正月乙酉，以征西大將軍、開府儀同三司、郢州刺史黃法𣰋為中權大將軍。 景午，輿駕親祠太廟。
On yiyou day in the first month of year 2 Huang Faqu, campaign west grand general and inspector of Yingzhou, was made central authority grand general. On jingwu day the emperor sacrificed in person at the ancestral temple.
11
二月癸未，儀同章昭達擒歐陽紇送都，斬于建康市，廣州平。
On guiwei day in the second month Zhang Zhaoda, equal in rank to the three dukes, seized Ouyang He and sent him to the capital; he was beheaded in the Jiankang market and Guangzhou was pacified.
12
三月景申，皇太后崩。 景午，曲赦廣、衡二州。 丁未，大赦天下。 又詔自討周迪、華皎已來，兵交之所有死亡者，並令收斂，并給棺槥，送還本鄉； 瘡痍未瘳者，各給醫藥。
On jingshen day in the third month the empress dowager died. On jingwu day Guang and Heng provinces received a partial amnesty. On dingwei day a general amnesty was proclaimed. A further edict said: "From the wars against Zhou Di and Hua Jiao onward, wherever battle killed men, their bodies are to be collected, coffined, and sent home; the wounded who are not yet healed are each to receive medicine."
13
夏四月乙卯，臨海王伯宗薨。 戊寅，皇太后祔葬萬安陵。
On yimao day in the fourth month of summer Bozong, Prince of Linhai, died. On wuyin day the empress dowager was buried at Wan'an.
14
閏月戊申，輿駕謁太廟。 己酉，太白晝見。
On wushen day in the intercalary month the emperor visited the ancestral temple. On jiyou day Venus was seen by day.
15
五月乙卯，儀同黃法𣰋獻瑞璧一。 壬午，齊遣使來弔。
On yimao day in the fifth month Huang Faqu, equal in rank to the three dukes, presented an auspicious jade disk. On renwu day Qi sent envoys of condolence.
16
六月戊子，新羅國遣使獻方物。 辛卯，大雨雹。 乙巳，分遣大使巡行州郡，省理冤屈。 戊申，車騎將軍、開府儀同三司章昭達進號車騎大將軍，安南將軍、廣州刺史沈恪進號鎮南將軍。
On wuzi day in the sixth month Silla sent tribute envoys. On xinmao day heavy hail fell. On yisi day envoys were sent to tour provinces and commanderies and review unjust cases. On wushen day Zhang Zhaoda was promoted to grand general of chariots and cavalry; Shen Ke, pacify south general and inspector of Guangzhou, was promoted to general who garrisons south.
17
秋八月甲申，詔曰：「懷遠以德，抑惟恆典，去戎即華，民之本志。 頃年江介繈負相隨，崎嶇歸化，亭候不絕，宜加卹養，答其誠心。 維是荒境自拔，有在都邑及諸州鎮，不問遠近，並蠲課役。 若克平舊土，反我侵地，皆許還鄉，一無拘限。 州郡縣長明加甄別，良田廢村，隨便安處。 若輒有課訂，即以擾民論。」 又詔曰：「民惟邦本，著在典謨，治國愛民，抑又通訓。 朕聽朝晏罷，日仄劬勞，方流惠澤，覃被億兆。 有梁之季，政刑廢缺，條綱弛紊，僭盜荐興，役賦征徭，尤為煩刻。 大陳御宇，拯茲餘弊，滅扈戡黎，弗遑創改，年代彌流，將及成俗，如弗解張，物無與厝，夕惕疚懷，有同首疾。 思從卑菲，約己濟民，雖府帑末充，君孰與足，便可刪革，去其甚泰，[5]冀永為定准，令簡而易從。 自今維作田，值水旱失收，即列在所，言上折除。 軍士年登六十，悉許放還。 巧手於役死亡及與老疾，不勞訂補。 其籍有巧隱，并王公百司輒受民為程蔭，解還本屬，開恩聽首。 在職治事之身，須遞相檢示，有失不推，當局任罪。 令長代換，具條解舍戶數，付度後人。 戶有增進，即加擢賞； 若致減散，依事准結。 有能墾起荒田，不問頃畝少多，依舊蠲稅。」 戊子，太白晝見。
On jiashen day in the eighth month of autumn an edict said: "To cherish the distant through virtue is the constant way; to leave the barbarian garb and come to civilization is the people's deepest wish. In recent years along the Yangzi families have carried infants on the long road home; frontier posts have never been still. They deserve added care to answer their sincerity. All who have left the wild marches, whether in the capital or in provinces and garrisons, near or far, are exempt from labor and tax. If old lands are recovered and our lost ground restored, all may return home without limit. Prefects, administrators, and magistrates are to sort them clearly and settle them on good fields or in abandoned villages as fit. Anyone who still levies assessments is to be punished as one who harries the people." Another edict said: "The people are the root of the state, written in the canon; to govern the realm and love the people is the common teaching. We hold court from dawn till dusk and labor when the sun is low, meaning to spread grace over the millions. At the end of Liang law and punishment failed, statutes tangled, usurpers and robbers rose again and again, and corvée and tax were especially harsh. Great Chen took the realm and rescued these ills; crushing violence and pacifying the people, We had no leisure to reform at once; years have nearly fixed the abuse into custom—unless We loosen it, nothing can stand; Our dread by night and day is like a sickness in the head. We mean to begin humbly, restrain Ourselves to help the people; though the treasury is not full, how can the ruler alone be rich—let the heavy levies be cut and the worst removed [5], that a lasting, simple standard may stand. From now on, when flood or drought ruins the harvest, corvée on the fields is to be reported locally and remitted in proportion. Soldiers who reach sixty are all to be released. Skilled artisans who die on corvée, and the aged and sick, are not to be replaced by new drafts. Hidden skilled men on the registers, and princes, nobles, and offices that take the people as tax shields, are to be returned to their proper rolls; voluntary confession is forgiven. Officers in charge must inspect one another; failure to report loss makes the responsible office guilty. When magistrates and elders are replaced, they must list households freed from corvée and deliver the list to their successors for the revenue office. If households grow, promotion and reward follow at once; if they cause loss and flight, judgment follows the facts. Whoever opens wasteland, whether many mou or few, is exempt from tax as before." On wuzi day Venus was seen by day.
18
九月乙丑，以散騎常侍、鎮東將軍、吳興太守杜稜為特進、護軍將軍。
On yichou day in the ninth month Du Ling, regular attendant, garrison east general, and administrator of Wuxing, was made special grand master and protector general.
19
冬十月乙酉，輿駕親祠太廟。
On yiyou day in the tenth month of winter the emperor sacrificed in person at the ancestral temple.
20
十一月辛酉，高麗國遣使獻方物。
On xinyou day in the eleventh month Goguryeo sent tribute envoys.
21
十二月癸巳夜，西北有雷聲。
On the night of guisi day in the twelfth month thunder sounded in the northwest.
22
三年春正月癸丑，以尚書右僕射、領大著作徐陵為尚書僕射。 辛酉，輿駕親祠南郊。 辛未，親祠北郊。
On guichou day in the first month of year 3 Xu Ling, ministerial aide and grand compiler, was made ministerial aide of the Masters of Writing. On xinyou day the emperor sacrificed in person at the southern suburb. On xinwei day he sacrificed in person at the northern suburb.
23
二月辛巳，輿駕親祠明堂。 丁酉，親耕藉田。
On xinsi day in the second month the emperor sacrificed in person at the Bright Hall. On dingyou day he plowed the sacred field in person.
24
三月丁丑，大赦天下。 自天康元年訖太建元年，逋餘軍糧、祿秩、夏調未入者，悉原之。 又詔犯逆子弟支屬逃亡異境者，悉聽歸首； 見縶繫者，量可散釋； 其有居宅，並追還。
On dingchou day in the third month a general amnesty was proclaimed. From the first year of Tiankang through the first year of Taijian all overdue army grain, salaries, and summer levies still unpaid are remitted. A further edict said: "Kin of traitors who fled abroad may all return and confess; those now imprisoned may be released as the case allows; those who own dwellings shall have them restored as well.
25
夏四月壬辰，齊遣使來聘。
On renchen day in the fourth month of summer Qi sent envoys on a friendly visit.
26
五月戊申，太白晝見。 辛亥，遼東、新羅、丹丹、天竺、盤盤等國並遣使獻方物。
On wushen day in the fifth month Venus was seen by day. On xinhai day Liaodong, Silla, Dandan, Tianzhu, Panpan, and other states all sent tribute envoys.
27
六月丁亥，江陰王蕭季卿以罪免。 甲辰，封東中郎將長沙王府諮議參軍蕭彝為江陰王。
On dinghai day in the sixth month Xiao Jiqing, Prince of Jiangyin, was dismissed for crime. On jiachen day Xiao Yi, east center general and adviser of the Changsha princely establishment, was enfeoffed as Prince of Jiangyin.
28
秋八月辛丑，皇太子親釋奠于太學，二傅、祭酒以下 （可） 賚帛各有差。 [6]
On xinchou day in the eighth month of autumn the crown prince performed the libation at the Imperial Academy in person; the two tutors, libationer, and those below (variant) received silk gifts in varying measure. See editorial note 6.
29
九月癸酉，太白晝見。
On guiyou day in the ninth month Venus was seen by day.
30
冬十月甲申，輿駕親祠太廟。 乙酉，周遣使來聘。 己亥，丹丹國遣使獻方物。
On jiashen day in the tenth month of winter the emperor sacrificed in person at the ancestral temple. On yiyou day Northern Zhou sent envoys on a friendly visit. On jihai day Dandan sent tribute envoys.
31
十二月壬辰，車騎大將軍、司空章昭達薨。
On renchen day in the twelfth month Zhang Zhaoda, grand general of chariots and cavalry and minister of works, died.
32
四年春正月景午，以雲麾將軍、江州刺史始興王叔陵為湘州刺史，進號平南將軍； 東中郎將、吳郡太守長沙王叔堅為宣毅將軍、江州刺史； 尚書僕射、領大著作徐陵為尚書左僕射； 中書監王勱為尚書右僕射。 庚申，以丹陽尹衡陽王伯信為信威將軍、中護軍。 庚午，輿駕親祠太廟。
On jingwu day in the first month of year 4 Prince Shuling of Shixing, cloud-banner general and inspector of Jiangzhou, was made inspector of Xiangzhou and promoted to pacify south general; Shujian, Prince of Changsha, east center general and administrator of Wu, was made manifest firmness general and inspector of Jiangzhou; Xu Ling, ministerial aide and grand compiler, became left ministerial aide; Wang Li, secretariat supervisor, became right ministerial aide. On gengshen day Boxin, Prince of Hengyang and administrator of Danyang, was made trustworthy prestige general and central protector. On gengwu day the emperor sacrificed in person at the ancestral temple.
33
二月乙酉，立皇子叔卿為建安王，授東中郎將、東揚州刺史。
On yiyou day in the second month Prince Shuqing was made Prince of Jian'an, east center general and inspector of East Yangzhou.
34
三月壬子，以散騎常侍孫瑒為安西將軍、荊州刺史。 乙丑，扶南、林邑國並遣使來獻方物。
On renzi day in the third month Sun Yang, regular attendant, was made pacify west general and inspector of Jingzhou. On yichou day Funan and Linyi both sent envoys with tribute.
35
夏四月戊子，以中權大將軍、開府儀同三司黃法𣰋為征南大將軍、南豫州刺史。
On wuzi day in the fourth month of summer Huang Faqu, central authority grand general, was made campaign south grand general and inspector of South Yuzhou.
36
五月癸卯，尚書右僕射王勱卒。
On guimao day in the fifth month Wang Li, right ministerial aide, died.
37
六月辛巳，侍中、鎮右將軍、右光祿大夫杜稜卒。
On xinsi day in the sixth month Du Ling, palace attendant, garrison right general, and right grand master of the palace, died.
38
秋八月辛未，周遣使來聘。 丁丑，景雲見。 戊寅，詔曰：「國之大事，受脤興戎。 師出以律，稟策於廟，所以乂安九有，克成七德。 自頃掃滌群穢，廓清諸夏，乃貔貅之戮力，亦帷幄之運籌。 雖左衽已戡，干戈載戢，呼韓來謁，亭鄣無警； 但不教民戰，是謂棄之，仁必有勇，無忘武備。 磻溪之傳韜訣，穀城之授神符，文叔懸制戎規，孟德頗言兵略。 朕既慚暗合，良皆披覽。 兼昔經督戎，備嘗行陣，齊以七步，肅之三鼓，得自胸襟，指掌可述。 今並條制，凡十三科，宜即班宣，以為永准。」 乙未，詔停督湘、江二州逋租，無錫等十五縣流民，並蠲其繇賦。
On xinwei day in the eighth month of autumn Northern Zhou sent envoys on a friendly visit. On dingchou day auspicious clouds appeared. On wuyin day an edict said: "The great affairs of the state take the victim's flesh and raise arms. When troops march they follow the statutes and receive the plan at the temple, to settle the nine realms and fulfill the seven martial virtues. Lately We have swept away rebels and cleared the heartland—this is the fierce soldiers' labor and the counsel of the tent as well. Though the northern foe has been beaten and arms laid by, chieftains have come to court and the frontier is quiet; yet not to teach the people war is to abandon them; benevolence must have courage—do not forget readiness for arms. By Pan River the hidden stratagems were handed down; at Gucheng divine talismans were granted; Emperor Guangwu set military rules in place; Cao Cao spoke often of strategy. We are ashamed our own grasp is dim, yet We have read them all. Moreover We once commanded armies and have stood in the ranks; seven paces with Qi, three drums with Su—these came from Our own breast and can be told at a gesture. Now they are set down in thirteen articles; promulgate them at once as the lasting standard." On yiwei day an edict stopped collection of overdue rent in Xiang and Jiang; for fifteen counties including Wuxi, where people were adrift, corvée was also remitted.
39
（秋） 九月庚子朔，[7]日有蝕之。 辛亥，大赦天下。 又詔曰：「舉善從諫，在上之明規； 進賢謁言，為臣之令範。 朕以寡德，嗣守寶圖，雖世襲隆平，治非寧一。 辨方分職，旰食早衣； 傍闕爭臣，下無貢士。 何其闕爾，鮮能抗直。 豈余獨運，匪薦讜言。 置鼓公車，罕論得失； 施石象魏，莫陳可否。 朱雲摧檻，良所不逢； 禽息觸楹，又為難值。 至如衣褐以見，檐簦以遊，或耆艾絕倫，或妙年異等，干時而不偶，左右莫之譽，黑貂改弊，[8]黃金且殫，終其滯淹[9]，可為太息。 又貴為百辟，賤有十品，工拙並騖，勸沮莫分，街謠徒擁，廷議斯闕。 寔朕之弗明，而時無獻替。 永言至治，何迺爽歟？ 外可通示文武：凡厥在位，風化乖殊，朝政紕蠹，正色直辭，有犯無隱。 兼各舉所知，隨才明試。 其蒞政廉穢，在職能否，分別矢言，俟茲黜陟。」 景寅，以故太尉徐度、儀同杜稜、儀同程靈洗配食高祖廟庭，故車騎將軍章昭達配食世祖廟庭。 [10]
autumn On the first day of the ninth month, gengzi, [7] there was a solar eclipse. On xinhai day a general amnesty was proclaimed. A further edict said: "To raise the good and heed remonstrance is the enlightened ruler's law; to advance the worthy and speak plainly is the minister's model. We are slight in virtue and guard the sacred chart; though the age inherits peace, rule is not yet uniform. Sorting offices and duties, We rise before dawn and dress early; yet at Our side remonstrating ministers are few, and below there are no scholars offering counsel. How can it be so empty—who can stand straight and speak hard? Is it that We alone turn the pivot and hear no honest words? The drum at the public carriage rarely hears of gain and loss; the stone before the image hall seldom records yes or no. Zhu Yun smashing the railing—We seldom meet such men; Qin Xi touching the pillar—again such men are hard to find. Men in coarse cloth at audience, mat on back wandering the roads, unrivaled in age or rare in youth, striving yet unmatched, with none to praise them, black sable worn through [8], gold nearly gone [9], ending drowned in neglect—this makes one sigh deeply. Again, the high are the hundred offices, the low have ten ranks; skilled and clumsy race alike, reward and restraint are not sorted; street songs crowd while court debate fails. Truly Our light is dim, while the age offers no presenting and replacing. Long We speak of perfect rule—how far it still seems! Let this be announced to civil and military alike: all in office, wherever custom fails or government rots, speak with upright color and straight words and hide nothing. Each is also to recommend those he knows and let talent be tested in the open. Report who governs clean or corrupt, who serves well or ill; wait on Us for promotion and dismissal. On jingyin day Xu Du, former grand commandant; Du Ling and Cheng Lingxi, equals in rank to the three dukes; were granted sacrifice in the Founder's temple court; Zhang Zhaoda, former general of chariots and cavalry, in Emperor Wen's temple court. See editorial note 10.
40
冬十月乙酉，輿駕親祠太廟。 戊戌，以鎮南將軍、廣州刺史沈恪為領軍將軍。
On yiyou day in the tenth month of winter the emperor sacrificed in person at the ancestral temple. On wuxu day Shen Ke, general who garrisons south and inspector of Guangzhou, was made commandant of the palace guard.
41
十〔一〕月己亥夜地震。 [11]
On the night of jihai day in the eleventh month there was an earthquake. See editorial note 11.
42
閏月辛未，詔曰：「姑熟饒曠，荊河斯擬，博望關畿，天限嚴峻，龍山南指，牛渚北臨，對熊繹之餘城，邇全琮之故壘，良疇美柘，畦畎相望，連宇高甍，阡陌如繡。 自梁末兵災，凋殘略盡，比雖務優寬，猶未克復，咫尺封畿，宜須殷阜。 且眾將部下，多寄上下，軍民雜俗，極為蠹秏。 自今有罷任之徒，許分留部下； 其已在江外，亦令迎還，悉住南州津裏安置。 有無交貨，不責市估； 萊荒墾辟，亦停租稅。 臺遣鎮監一人，共刺史、津主分明檢押，給地賦田，各立頓舍。」
On xinwei day in the intercalary month an edict said: "Guru is rich and wide, a match for the Jing and Yellow rivers; Bowang is a gateway, heaven's barrier steep; Dragon Mountain points south, Ox Ford north; it faces Xiong Yi's remnant city and nears Quan Cong's old wall; good fields and fine mulberry, ditches in rows, rooflines joined, farm paths like brocade. Since the end of Liang war came again and again and the land was nearly ruined; though We have been lenient, it is not yet restored; so close to the capital it should flourish again. Moreover many followers of the generals lodge high and low; army and people mixed in one custom waste the land terribly. From now on men dismissed from office may leave part of their followers behind; those already beyond the river are also to be brought back and settled in South Province's ferry districts. Whether goods are traded or not, market tax is not demanded; opening waste and clearing wild land is also free of rent and tax. The court sends one garrison inspector who, with the provincial inspector and ferry master, inspects clearly, assigns fields, and establishes stations for each group."
43
十二月壬寅，甘露降樂遊苑。 甲辰，輿駕幸樂遊苑，採甘露，宴群臣。 丁卯，詔曰：「梁氏之季，兵火荐臻，承華焚蕩，頓無遺構。 寶命惟新，迄將二紀，頻事戎旅，未遑脩繕。 今工役差閑，椽楹有擬，來歲開肇，創築東宮，可權置起部尚書、將作大匠，用主監作。」
On renyin day in the twelfth month sweet dew fell in the Pleasure Tour Park. On jiachen day the emperor visited the Pleasure Tour Park, gathered sweet dew, and feasted his ministers. On dingmao day an edict said: "At the end of Liang war came again and again; the eastern palace was burned away and nothing survived. The mandate is newly ours and nearly two reigns have passed; campaigns have been constant and We have not yet repaired. Now labor is somewhat free and timber is at hand; next year We begin the eastern palace; appoint for the time being an acting minister for starting construction and grand master of works to oversee the building."
44
五年春正月癸酉，以征北大將軍、開府儀同三司、南徐州刺史淳于量為中權大將軍； 宣惠將軍、豫章王叔英為南徐州刺史，進號平北將軍； 吏部尚書、駙馬都尉沈君理為尚書右僕射，領吏部。 辛巳，輿駕親祠南郊。 甲午，輿駕親祠太廟。
On guiyou day in the first month of year 5 Chunyu Liang, campaign north grand general and inspector of South Xuzhou, was made central authority grand general; Shuying, Prince of Yuzhang and manifest grace general, was made inspector of South Xuzhou and promoted to pacify north general; Shen Junli, minister of personnel and commandant of horse for the consort, became right ministerial aide and kept the ministry of personnel. On xinsi day the emperor sacrificed in person at the southern suburb. On jiawu day the emperor sacrificed in person at the ancestral temple.
45
二月辛丑，輿駕親祠明堂。 乙卯，夜有白氣如虹，自北方貫北斗紫宮。
On xinchou day in the second month the emperor sacrificed in person at the Bright Hall. On the night of yimao day white vapor like a rainbow ran from the north through the Purple Palace and the Northern Dipper.
46
三月壬午，分命眾軍北伐，以鎮前將軍、開府儀同三司吳明徹都督征討諸軍事。 景戌，西衡州獻馬生角。 己丑，皇孫胤生，內外文武賜帛各有差，為父後者爵一級。 北討大都督吳明徹統眾十萬，發自白下。
On renwu day in the third month the armies were ordered north; Wu Mingche, garrison front general with a mansion equal to the three dukes, was made area commander over the punitive campaign. On jingxu day West Hengzhou presented a horse that had grown horns. On jichou day the imperial grandson Yin was born; officials civil and military received silk in varying measure; heirs received one step of nobility. Wu Mingche, great commander of the northern punitive expedition, took a host of one hundred thousand and marched from Baixia.
47
夏四月癸卯，前巴州刺史魯廣達克齊大峴城。 辛亥，吳明徹克秦州水柵。 庚申，齊遣兵十萬援歷陽，儀同黃法𣰋破之。 辛酉，齊軍救秦州，吳明徹又破之。 癸亥，詔北伐眾軍所殺齊兵，並令埋掩。 甲子，南譙太守徐槾克石梁城。
On guimao day in the fourth month of summer Lu Guangda, former administrator of Ba, captured Qi's Great Xian fortress. On xinhai day Wu Mingche captured the water barrier at Qinzhou. On gengshen day Northern Qi sent a hundred thousand men to relieve Liyang; Huang Faqu, equal in honor to the three dukes, routed them. On xinyou day Qi forces marched to relieve Qinzhou; Wu Mingche defeated them again. On guihai day an edict ordered the northern expedition to bury all Qi dead. On jiazi day Xu Shan, administrator of Nanchen, took Shiliang city.
48
五月己巳，瓦梁城降。 癸酉，陽平郡城降。 甲戌，徐槾克廬江郡城。 景子，黃法𣰋克歷陽城。 己卯，北高唐郡城降。 辛巳，詔征南大將軍、開府儀同三司、南豫州刺史黃法𣰋徙鎮歷陽，齊改縣為郡者並復之。 乙酉，南齊昌太守黃詠克齊昌外城。 景戌，廬陵內史任忠軍次東關，克其東西二城，進克蘄城。 戊子，又克譙郡城，秦州城降。 癸巳，瓜步、胡墅二城降。
In the fifth month, on jisi day, Waliang city surrendered. On guiyou day the city of Yangping commandery surrendered. On jiaxu day Xu Shan took Luzhou commandery city. On jingzi day Huang Faqu took Liyang city. On jimao day the city of North Gaotang commandery surrendered. On xinsi day an edict moved Huang Faqu, campaign north grand general, opener of the mansion equal to the three dukes, and inspector of South Yuzhou, to garrison Liyang and restored counties Northern Qi had raised to commanderies. On yiyou day Huang Yong, administrator of South Qichang, took the outer wall of Qichang city. On jingxu day Ren Zhong, administrator of Luling, reached Dongguan, took its eastern and western cities, and advanced to take Qichou city. On wuzi day he again took Qiao commandery city, and Qinzhou city surrendered. On guisi day Guabu and Husu surrendered.
49
六月庚子，郢州刺史李綜克灄口城。 乙巳，任忠克合州外城。 庚戌，淮陽、沭陽郡並棄城走。 癸丑，景雲見。 豫章內史程文季克涇州城。 乙卯，宣毅司馬湛陀克新蔡城。 癸 （卯） 〔亥〕，周遣使來聘。 [12]黃法𣰋克合州城。 吳明徹師次仁州，甲子，克其州城。 是月，治明堂。
In the sixth month, on gengzi day, Li Zong, inspector of Yingzhou, took Shunkou city. On yisi day Ren Zhong took the outer wall of Hezhou. On gengxu day Huaiyang and Shuyang commanderies both abandoned their cities and fled. On guichou day an auspicious cloud was seen. Cheng Wenji, administrator of Yuzhang, took Jingzhou city. On yimao day Zhan Tuo, chief clerk of the pacify campaigns staff, took Xincai city. Gui mao On hai day Northern Zhou sent envoys on a friendly visit. [12] Huang Faqu took Hezhou city. Wu Mingche's army reached Renzhou; on jiazi day it took the prefectural city. That month work began on the Bright Hall.
50
秋七月乙丑，鎮前將軍、開府儀同三司吳明徹進號征北大將軍。 戊辰，齊遣眾二萬援齊昌，西陽太守周炅破之。 己巳，吳明徹軍次峽口，克其北岸城，南岸守者棄城走。 周炅克巴州城。 淮北絳城及穀陽士民，並誅其渠帥，以城降。 景戌，吳明徹克壽陽外城。
In the seventh month of autumn, on yichou day, Wu Mingche, garrison front general and opener of the mansion equal to the three dukes, was promoted to campaign north grand general. On wuchen day Northern Qi sent twenty thousand men to relieve Qichang; Zhou Jiong, administrator of Xiyang, routed them. On jisi day Wu Mingche reached Xiakou, took the north-bank city, and the south-bank garrison fled. Zhou Jiong took Bazhou city. In north Huai Jiangcheng and in Guyang, local leaders and people killed their chiefs and surrendered with the cities. On jingxu day Wu Mingche took the outer wall of Shouyang.
51
八月乙未，山陽城降。 壬寅，盱眙城降。 戊申，罷南齊昌郡。 壬子，戎昭將軍徐敬辯克海安城。 青州東海城降。 戊午，平固侯陳敬泰等克晉州城。
In the eighth month, on yiwei day, Shanyang city surrendered. On renchen day Xuyi surrendered. On wushen day South Qichang commandery was abolished. On renzi day Xu Jingbian, martial-display general, took Hai'an city. The city of Donghai in Qingzhou surrendered. On wuwu day Chen Jingtai, Marquis Pinggu, and others took Jinzhou city.
52
九月甲子，陽平城降。 [13]壬申，高唐太守沈善度克馬頭城。 [14]甲戌，齊安城降。 景子，左衛將軍樊毅克廣陵楚子城。 癸未，尚書右僕射、領吏部、駙馬都尉沈君理卒。 丁亥，前鄱陽內史魯天念克黃城小城，齊軍退保大城。 戊子，割南兗州之盱眙郡屬譙州。 壬辰晦，夜明。 黃城大城降。
In the ninth month, on jiazi day, Yangping surrendered. [13] On renshen day Shen Shandu, administrator of Gaotang, took Matou city. [14] On jiaxu day Qi'an surrendered. On jingzi day Fan Yi, left guard general, took the Chuzi fort at Guangling. On guimao day Shen Junli, right ministerial aide, minister of personnel, and commandant of horse for the consort, died. On dinghai day Lu Tiannian, former administrator of Poyang, took Huangcheng's small city; Qi forces fell back on the great city. On wuzi day Xuyi commandery of South Yanzhou was placed under Qiaozhou. On renchen, the month's last day, the night was bright. Huangcheng's great city surrendered.
53
冬十月甲午，郭默城降。 戊戌，以中書令王瑒為吏部尚書。 己亥，以特進、領國子祭酒周弘正為尚書右僕射。 乙巳，吳明徹克壽陽城，斬王琳，傳首京師，梟于朱雀航。 丁未，齊兵萬人至潁口，樊毅擊走之。 辛亥，齊遣兵援蒼陵，又破之。 景辰，詔曰：「梁末得懸瓠，以壽陽為南豫州，今者克復，可還為豫州。 以黃城為司州，治下為安昌郡，滻湍為漢陽郡，三城依梁為義陽郡，並屬司州。」 以征北大將軍、開府儀同三司吳明徹為豫州刺史，進號車騎大將軍； 征南大將軍、開府儀同三司、南豫州刺史黃法𣰋為征西大將軍、合州刺史。 戊午，湛陀克齊昌城。
In the tenth month of winter, on jiawu day, Guomo surrendered. On wuxu day Wang Chang, secretariat supervisor, was made minister of personnel. On jihai day Zhou Hongzheng, special grand master and concurrent director of the directorate of education, was made right ministerial aide. On yisi day Wu Mingche took Shouyang, beheaded Wang Lin, and sent his head to the capital; it was displayed at the Vermilion Bird landing. On dingwei day ten thousand Qi troops reached Yingkou; Fan Yi attacked and drove them away. On xinhai day Northern Qi sent troops to relieve Cangling; they were defeated again. On jingchen day an edict declared: "When Liang in its decline took Xuanyang, it made Shouyang South Yuzhou; now that it is recovered, it shall again be Yuzhou. Huangcheng shall be Sizhou; Zhixia shall be Anchang commandery, Zhantuan Hanyang commandery, and the three cities under the Liang model shall be Yiyang commandery—all under Sizhou." Wu Mingche, campaign north grand general and opener of the mansion equal to the three dukes, was made inspector of Yuzhou and promoted to chariots-and-cavalry grand general; Huang Faqu, campaign south grand general, opener of the mansion equal to the three dukes, and inspector of South Yuzhou, was made campaign west grand general and inspector of Hezhou. On wuwu day Zhan Tuo took Qichang city.
54
十一月甲戌，淮陰城降。 庚辰，威虜將軍劉桃根克朐山城。 [15]辛巳，樊毅克濟陰城。 己丑，魯廣達等克北徐州。
In the eleventh month, on jiaxu day, Huaiyin surrendered. On gengchen day Liu Taogen, subdue-the-barbarians general, took Qushan city. [15] On xinsi day Fan Yi took Jiyin city. On jichou day Lu Guangda and others took North Xuzhou.
55
十二月壬辰朔，詔曰：「古者反噬叛逆，盡族誅夷，所以藏其首級，誡之後世。 比者所戮止在一身，子胤或存，梟懸自足，不容久歸武庫，長比月支。 惻隱之懷，有仁不忍。 維熊曇朗、留異、陳寶應、周迪、鄧緒等及今者王琳首，並還親屬，以弘廣宥。」 乙未，譙城降。 乙巳，立皇子叔明為宜都王，叔獻為河東王。 壬午，任忠克霍州城。
On renchen, the new moon of the twelfth month, an edict declared: "In antiquity rebels who turned on kin were wiped out to the clan and their heads kept to warn posterity. Lately execution has stopped at one man; sons and grandsons may survive, and display on the pole is enough—they need not linger in the armory like the Yuezhi moon. In compassion there is a kindness one cannot bear to withhold. Xiong Tanlang, Liu Yi, Chen Baoying, Zhou Di, Deng Xu, and the like, and now Wang Lin's head—all are to be returned to their families in broad mercy." On yiwei day Qiao city surrendered. On yisi day Prince Shuming was made king of Yidu and Prince Shuxian king of Hedong. On renwu day Ren Zhong took Huozhou city.
56
六年春正月壬戌朔，詔曰：「王者以四海為家，萬姓為子，一物乖方，夕惕猶厲，六合未混，旰食彌憂。 朕嗣纂鴻基，思弘經略，上符景宿，下協人謀，命將興師，大拯淪溺。 灰琯未周，凱捷相繼，拓地數千，連城將百。 蠢彼餘黎，毒茲異境，江淮年少，猶有剽掠，鄉閭無賴，摘出陰私，將帥軍人，罔顧刑典，今使苛法蠲除，仁聲載路。 且肇元告慶，邊服來荒，始睹皇風，宜覃曲澤，可赦江右淮北南司、定、霍、光、建、朔、合、豫、北徐、仁、北兗、青、冀，南譙、南兗十五州，郢州之齊安、西陽，江州之齊昌、新蔡、高唐，南豫州之歷陽、臨江郡土民，[16]罪無輕重，悉皆原宥。 將帥職司，軍人犯法，自依常科。」 以翊前將軍新安王伯固為中領軍，進號安前將軍； 安前將軍、中領軍晉安王伯恭為安南將軍、南豫州刺史。 壬午，輿駕親祠太廟。 甲申，廣陵金城降。 周遣使來聘。 高麗國遣使獻方物。
On renxu, the new moon of the first month of spring in year 6, an edict declared: "A king takes the four seas as his house and the myriad people as his children; if one thing goes wrong, he is uneasy at dusk; if the realm is not united, he eats late in added care. We have inherited the great foundation and mean to enlarge the classic design; above it matches the star lodges, below it joins human counsel; We send generals to raise armies and rescue those drowning in ruin. The pitch-pipes have not yet turned full circle, yet victories follow one another; thousands of li of territory are won, and cities near a hundred. The remnant people are fierce in these borderlands; youths of Jiang and Huai still raid; village bullies dig up private scores; commanders and soldiers ignore the law—now let harsh statutes be lifted and humane rule fill the roads. Moreover at the year's opening good news was proclaimed and the borders came in disorder; they first see imperial grace and should receive deep mercy—pardon the people of fifteen provinces: Jiang-right, north Huai, south Sizhou, Ding, Huo, Guang, Jian, Shuo, He, Yu, North Xu, Ren, North Yan, Qing, and Ji, and South Qiao and South Yan; Qizhou's Qi'an and Xiyang; Jiangzhou's Qichang, Xincai, and Gaotang; and South Yuzhou's Liyang and Linjiang, [16] crimes light or heavy, all forgiven. Commanders in office and soldiers who offend are still judged under the usual code." Bogu, Prince of Xin'an, assist-the-van general, was made central army commander and promoted to secure van general; Bogong, Prince of Jin'an, secure van general and central army commander, was made secure south general and inspector of South Yuzhou. On renwu day the emperor sacrificed at the Grand Temple in person. On jiashen day Jincheng at Guangling surrendered. Northern Zhou sent envoys on a friendly visit. Goguryeo sent envoys with tribute.
57
二月壬辰朔，日有蝕之。 辛亥，輿駕親耕藉田。 景辰，以中權大將軍、開府儀同三司淳于量為征西大將軍、郢州刺史。
On renchen, the new moon of the second month, there was a solar eclipse. On xinhai day the emperor plowed the sacred field in person. On jingchen day Chunyu Liang, central authority grand general and opener of the mansion equal to the three dukes, was made campaign west grand general and inspector of Yingzhou.
58
三月癸亥，詔曰：「去歲南川頗言失稔，所督田租于今未即。 豫章等六郡太建五年田租，可申半至秋。 豫章又逋太建四年檢首田稅，亦申至秋。 南康一郡，嶺下應接，民間尤弊，太建四年田租未入者，可特原除。 庶脩墾無廢，歲取方實。」
In the third month, on guihai day, an edict declared: "Last year the southern circuits widely reported poor harvests; the field tax they oversee has not yet been collected. The Taijian year 5 field tax for the six commanderies of Yuzhang may be deferred by half until autumn. Yuzhang also still owes the Taijian year 4 inspected head-tax; this too is deferred until autumn. For Nankang commandery alone, which links the ranges below and bears heavy burdens, the unpaid Taijian year 4 field tax may be specially remitted. So that tillage may not be abandoned and the year's revenue may be sound."
59
夏四月庚子，彗星見。 辛丑，詔曰：「戢情懷善，有國之令圖，拯弊救危，聖範之通訓。 近命師薄伐，義在濟民，青、齊舊隸，膠、光部落，久患凶戎，爭歸有道，棄彼農桑，忘其衣食。 而大軍未接，中途止憩，朐山、黃郭，車營布滿，扶老攜幼，蓬流草跋，既喪其本業，咸事遊手，饑饉疾疫，不免流離。 可遣大使精加慰撫，仍出陽平倉穀，拯其懸磬，并充糧種。 勸課士女，隨近耕種。 石鱉等屯，適意脩墾。」
In the fourth month of summer, on gengzi day, a comet was seen. On xinchou day an edict declared: "To curb feeling and cherish goodness is a ruler's fine model; to rescue the exhausted and save the endangered is a sage's universal teaching. Lately We sent armies on a limited campaign to help the people; the old lands of Qing and Qi and the tribes of Jiao and Guang long suffered fierce enemies and all turned to the Way; they left farming and forgot food and clothing. Yet the great army had not yet reached them when they halted midway; at Qushan and Huangguo wagon camps covered the ground; old and young wandered rootless, lost their livelihood, and became idlers; famine and plague drove them to flight. Let grand envoys be sent to comfort them carefully; still issue grain from the Yangping granary to save those at the end of their rope and supply seed grain. Encourage men and women to farm and plant nearby fields. At Shibie and other garrisons, let them till as they see fit."
60
六月壬辰，尚書右僕射、領國子祭酒周弘正卒。 乙巳，以中衛將軍、揚州刺史鄱陽王伯山為征北將軍、南徐州刺史，中護軍衡陽王伯信為宣毅將軍、揚州刺史。
On renchen day Zhou Hongzheng, right ministerial aide and concurrent director of the directorate of education, died. On yisi day Boshan, Prince of Poyang, central guard general and inspector of Yangzhou, was made campaign north general and inspector of South Xuzhou; Boxin, Prince of Hengyang, central bulwark general, was made pacify campaigns general and inspector of Yangzhou.
61
冬十一月乙亥，詔北討行軍之所，並給復十年。
In the eleventh month of winter, on yihai day, an edict granted ten years of tax relief to all places where the northern campaign armies marched.
62
十二月癸巳，平南將軍、湘州刺史始興王叔陵進號鎮南將軍。 戊戌，以吏部尚書王瑒為尚書右僕射，度支尚書孔奐為吏部尚書。 景午，安右將軍、左光祿大夫王通加特進。
On guisi day in the twelfth month, Shuling, Prince of Shixing, pacify south general and inspector of Xiangzhou, was promoted to garrison south general. On wuxu day Wang Chang, minister of personnel, was made right ministerial aide; Kong Huan, minister of revenue, was made minister of personnel. On jingwu day Wang Tong, secure right general and left grand master of the palace, was given special advancement.
63
七年春正月辛未，輿駕親祠南郊。 乙亥，左衛將軍樊毅克潼州城。 辛巳，輿駕親祠北郊。
In the first month of spring of year 7, on xinwei day, the emperor sacrificed at the southern suburbs in person. On yihai day Fan Yi, left guard general, took Tongzhou city. On xinsi day the emperor sacrificed at the northern suburbs in person.
64
二月戊申，樊毅克下邳、高柵等六城。
In the second month, on wushen day, Fan Yi took Xiapi, Gaozhan, and six other cities.
65
三月辛未，詔豫、二兗、譙、徐、合、霍、南司、定九州及南豫、江、郢所部在江北諸郡置雲旗義士，往大軍及諸鎮備防。 戊寅，以新除征西大將軍、合州刺史、開府儀同三司黃法𣰋為豫州刺史。 改梁東徐州為安州，武州為沅州。 移譙州鎮於新昌郡，以秦郡屬之。 盱眙、神農二郡還隸南兗州。
In the third month, on xinwei day, an edict ordered cloud-banner righteous soldiers set up in Yu, the two Yan, Qiao, Xu, He, Huo, South Sizhou, and Ding, and in the northern commanderies of South Yu, Jiang, and Ying, to join the great army and garrisons in defense. On wuyin day Huang Faqu, newly appointed campaign west grand general, inspector of Hezhou, and opener of the mansion equal to the three dukes, was made inspector of Yuzhou. Liang's East Xuzhou was renamed Anzhou, and Wuzhou Yuanzhou. Qiaozhou's seat was moved to Xinchang commandery, and Qin commandery placed under it. Xuyi and Shennong commanderies were returned to South Yanzhou.
66
夏四月景戌，有星孛于大角。 庚寅，監豫州陳桃根於所部得青牛，獻之，詔遣還民。 甲午，輿駕親祠太廟。 乙未，陳桃根又表上織成羅又錦被各二百首，[17]詔於雲龍門外焚之。 壬子，郢州獻瑞鍾六。
In the fourth month of summer, on jingxu day, a broom star appeared in Great Horn. On gengyin day Chen Taogen, supervisor of Yuzhou, obtained a blue ox in his circuit and presented it; an edict ordered it returned to the people. On jiawu day the emperor sacrificed at the Grand Temple in person. On yiwei day Chen Taogen again memorialized presenting two hundred pieces each of woven silk and brocade coverlets; [17] an edict ordered them burned outside the Cloud Dragon Gate. On renzi day Yingzhou presented six auspicious bells.
67
五月乙卯，割譙州之秦郡還隸南兗州。 分北譙縣置北譙郡，領陽平所屬北譙、西譙二縣。 合州之南梁郡，隸入譙州。
In the fifth month, on yimao day, Qin commandery of Qiaozhou was returned to South Yanzhou. North Beiqiao county was split off to establish North Beiqiao commandery, governing North Beiqiao and West Beiqiao counties of Yangping. South Liang commandery of Hezhou was placed under Qiaozhou.
68
六月景戌，為北討將士死王事者克日舉哀。 壬辰，以尚書右僕射王瑒為尚書僕射。 己酉，改作雲龍、神獸門。 [18]
In the sixth month, on jingxu day, a day was set to mourn those who died on the northern campaign. On renchen day Wang Chang, right ministerial aide, was made ministerial aide. On jiyou day the Cloud Dragon and Spirit Beast gates were rebuilt. See editorial note 18.
69
秋八月壬寅，移西陽郡治保城。 癸卯，周遣使來聘。
In the eighth month of autumn, on renyin day, Xiyang commandery's seat was moved to Baocheng. On guimao day Northern Zhou sent envoys on a friendly visit.
70
閏九月壬辰，都督吳明徹大破齊軍於呂梁。 是月，甘露頻降樂遊苑。 丁未，輿駕幸樂遊苑，採甘露，宴群臣，詔於苑龍舟山立甘露亭。
On renchen, intercalary ninth month, area commander Wu Mingche inflicted a great defeat on Qi troops at Lüliang. That month sweet dew repeatedly fell in the Pleasure Tour Park. On dingwei day the emperor visited the Pleasure Tour Park, gathered sweet dew, and feasted the ministers; an edict ordered a Sweet Dew Pavilion built on Dragon Boat Hill in the park.
71
冬十月戊午，以征北將軍、南徐州刺史鄱陽王伯山為征南將軍、江州刺史； 安前將軍、中領軍新安王伯固為南徐州刺史，進號鎮北將軍； 信威將軍、江州刺史長沙王叔堅為雲麾將軍、中領軍。 [19]己巳，立皇子叔齊為新蔡王，叔文為晉熙王。
On wuwu day in the tenth month of winter, Boshan, Prince of Poyang, campaign north general and inspector of South Xuzhou, was made campaign south general and inspector of Jiangzhou; Bogu, Prince of Xin'an, secure van general and central army commander, was made inspector of South Xuzhou and promoted to garrison north general; Shujian, Prince of Changsha, trustworthy might general and inspector of Jiangzhou, was made cloud-banner general and central army commander. [19] On jisi day Prince Shuji was made king of Xincai and Prince Shuwen king of Jinxi.
72
十一月庚戌，以征西大將軍、開府儀同三司、郢州刺史淳于量為中軍大將軍。
In the eleventh month, on gengxu day, Chunyu Liang, campaign west grand general, opener of the mansion equal to the three dukes, and inspector of Yingzhou, was made grand general of the central army.
73
十二月景辰，以新除雲麾將軍、郢州刺史長沙王叔堅為平越中郎將、廣州刺史，東中郎將、東揚州刺史建安王叔卿為雲麾將軍、郢州刺史，宣惠將軍宜都王叔明為東揚州刺史。 壬戌，以尚書僕射王瑒為尚書左僕射，太子詹事、揚州大中正陸繕為尚書右僕射，國子祭酒徐陵為領軍將軍。 甲子，南康郡獻瑞鍾。
On jingchen day Shujian, Prince of Changsha, newly appointed cloud-banner general and inspector of Yingzhou, was made pacify-the-yue central bulwark general and inspector of Guangzhou; Shuqing, Prince of Jian'an, eastern central bulwark general and inspector of East Yangzhou, was made cloud-banner general and inspector of Yingzhou; Shuming, Prince of Yidu, spread-grace general, was made inspector of East Yangzhou. On renxu day Wang Chang, ministerial aide, was made left ministerial aide; Lu Chuan, grand mentor of the heir apparent and senior rectifier of Yangzhou, was made right ministerial aide; and Xu Ling, director of the directorate of education, was made general of the garrison army. On jiazi day Nankang commandery presented an auspicious bell.
74
八年春正月庚辰，西南有紫雲見。
In the first month of spring of year 8, on gengchen day, purple clouds appeared in the southwest.
75
二月壬申，車騎大將軍、開府儀同三司吳明徹進位司空。 丁丑，詔江東道太建五年以前租稅夏調逋在民間者，皆原之。
In the second month, on renshen day, Wu Mingche, chariots-and-cavalry grand general and opener of the mansion equal to the three dukes, was promoted to minister of works. On dingchou day an edict remitted all summer levies and field taxes of the Jiang-east circuit owed from before Taijian year 5 that still lay among the people.
76
夏四月甲寅，詔曰：「元戎凱旋，群師振旅，旌功策賞，宜有饗宴。 今月十七日，可幸樂遊苑，設絲竹之樂，大會文武。」 己未，輿駕親祠太廟。
In the fourth month of summer, on jiayin day, an edict declared: "The main army returns victorious; the hosts shake their banners; merit should be marked and reward feasted. On the seventeenth of this month We may visit the Pleasure Tour Park, set music, and hold a great feast for civil and military officials." On jiwei day the emperor sacrificed at the Grand Temple in person.
77
〔五月〕庚寅，[20]尚書左僕射王瑒卒。
In the fifth month, on gengyin day, [20] Wang Chang, left ministerial aide, died.
78
六月癸丑，以雲麾將軍、廣州刺史長沙王叔堅為合州刺史，進號平北將軍。 甲寅，以尚書右僕射陸繕為尚書左僕射，新除晉陵太守王克為尚書右僕射。
In the sixth month, on guichou day, Shujian, Prince of Changsha, cloud-banner general and inspector of Guangzhou, was made inspector of Hezhou and promoted to pacify north general. On jiayin day Lu Chuan, right ministerial aide, was made left ministerial aide; Wang Ke, newly appointed administrator of Jinling, was made right ministerial aide.
79
秋八月丁卯，以車騎大將軍、司空吳明徹為南兗州刺史。
In the eighth month of autumn, on dingmao day, Wu Mingche, chariots-and-cavalry grand general and minister of works, was made inspector of South Yanzhou.
80
九月戊戌，以皇子叔彪為淮南王。
In the ninth month, on wuxu day, Prince Shubiao was made king of Huainan.
81
冬十一月乙酉，以平南將軍、湘州刺史長沙王叔堅為平西將軍、郢州刺史。 [21]丁酉，分江州晉熙、高唐、新蔡三郡為晉州。 辛丑，以冠軍將軍廬陵王伯仁為中領軍。
In the eleventh month of winter, on yiyou day, Shujian, Prince of Changsha, pacify south general and inspector of Xiangzhou, was made pacify west general and inspector of Yingzhou. [21] On dingyou day Jinxi, Gaotang, and Xincai commanderies of Jiangzhou were split off to establish Jinzhou. On xinchou day Boren, Prince of Luling, champion general, was made central army commander.
82
十二月丁卯，以新除太子詹事徐陵為右光祿大夫。
On dingmao day Xu Ling, newly appointed grand mentor of the heir apparent, was made right grand master of the palace.
83
九年春正月辛卯，輿駕親祠北郊。 壬寅，以湘州刺史、新除中衛將軍始興王叔陵為揚州刺史； 雲麾將軍建安王叔卿為湘州刺史，進號平南將軍。
In the first month of spring of year 9, on xinmao day, the emperor sacrificed at the northern suburbs in person. On renyin day Shuling, Prince of Shixing, inspector of Xiangzhou and newly appointed central guard general, was made inspector of Yangzhou; Shuqing, Prince of Jian'an, cloud-banner general, was made inspector of Xiangzhou and promoted to pacify south general.
84
二月壬 （午） 〔子〕，[22]輿駕親耕藉田。
In the second month, on ren wu Editorial footnote marker 22. On zi day the emperor plowed the sacred field in person.
85
夏五月景子，詔曰：「朕昧旦求衣，日旰方食，思弘億兆，用臻俾乂，而牧守蒞民，廉平未洽，年常租賦，多致逋餘，即此務農，宜弘寬省。 可起太建已來訖八年流移叛戶所帶租調，七年八年叛義丁、五年訖八年叛軍丁、六年七年逋租田米粟夏調綿絹絲布麥等，[23]五年訖七年逋貲絹，皆悉原之。」
In the fifth month of summer, on jingzi day, an edict declared: "We rise at dawn to seek clothes and eat only after the sun is down, thinking to extend the myriad people and bring them to good order; yet prefects and governors who face the people have not yet brought honest rule to fullness, and year after year field rents often leave arrears—here the matter is farming and lenience should be broadened. All field levies and taxes carried by households displaced or in rebellion from Taijian onward through year 8; rebel corvée of years 7 and 8 and rebel military service of years 5 through 8; field rice, millet, summer levies of silk, gauze, silk cloth, and wheat owed in years 6 and 7; [23] and owed tribute silk of years 5 through 7—all are wholly remitted."
86
秋七月乙亥，以輕車將軍、丹陽尹江夏王伯義為合州刺史。 己卯，百濟國遣使獻方物。 庚辰，大雨，震萬安陵華表。 己丑，震慧日寺剎及瓦官寺重門，一女子於門下震死。
In the seventh month of autumn, on yihai day, Boyi, Prince of Jiangxia, light chariots general and governor of Danyang, was made inspector of Hezhou. On jimao day Baekje sent envoys with tribute. On gengchen day heavy rain fell; the spirit tablet at Wan'an Mausoleum was struck by lightning. On jichou day the finial of Huiri Temple and the double gates of Waguan Temple were struck; a woman at the gate was killed by lightning.
87
冬十月戊午，司空吳明徹破周將梁士彥眾數萬于呂梁。
In the tenth month of winter, on wuwu day, Wu Mingche, minister of works, defeated the Zhou general Liang Shiyan's host of tens of thousands at Lüliang.
88
十二月戊申，東宮成，皇太子移于新宮。
On wushen day the Eastern Palace was completed; the crown prince moved to the new palace.
89
十年春正月己巳朔，以中領軍廬陵王伯仁為平北將軍、南徐州刺史，翊左將軍、[24]右光祿大夫、領太子詹事徐陵為領軍將軍。
On jisi, the new moon of the first month of spring in year 10, Boren, Prince of Luling, central army commander, was made pacify north general and inspector of South Xuzhou; Xu Ling, assist-the-left general, [24] right grand master of the palace, and concurrent grand mentor of the heir apparent, was made general of the garrison army.
90
二月甲子，北討眾軍敗績於呂梁，司空吳明徹及將卒已下，並為周軍所獲。
In the second month, on jiazi day, the northern campaign armies were defeated at Lüliang; Wu Mingche, minister of works, and commanders and soldiers down to the ranks were all captured by Zhou troops.
91
三月辛未，震武庫。 景子，分命眾軍以備周：中軍大將軍、開府儀同三司淳于量為大都督，總水陸諸軍事； 明威將軍孫瑒都督荊、郢水陸諸軍事，進號鎮西將軍； 左衛將軍樊毅為大都督，督朱沛、清口上至荊山緣淮眾軍，進號平北將軍； 武毅將軍任忠都督壽陽、新蔡、霍州等眾軍，進號寧遠將軍。 乙酉，大赦天下。 丁酉，以中軍大將軍、開府儀同三司、護軍將軍淳于量為南兗州刺史，進號車騎將軍。
In the third month, on xinwei day, the armory was struck by lightning. On jingzi day separate orders were sent to the hosts to prepare against Zhou: Chunyu Liang, grand general of the central army and opener of the mansion equal to the three dukes, was made supreme commander over all land and water forces; Sun Yang, martial-display general, was made area commander of Jing and Ying land and water forces and promoted to garrison west general; Fan Yi, left guard general, was made supreme commander of all armies along the Huai from Zhupu and Qingkou up to Jingshan and promoted to pacify north general; Ren Zhong, martial-resolve general, was made commander of the armies of Shouyang, Xincai, Huozhou, and the like and promoted to secure distance general. On yiyou day the throne proclaimed a general amnesty. On dingyou day Chunyu Liang, grand general of the central army, opener of the mansion equal to the three dukes, and protector general, was made inspector of South Yanzhou and promoted to chariots-and-cavalry grand general.
92
夏四月庚戌，詔曰：「懋賞之言，明於訓誥，挾纊之美，著在撫巡。 近歲薄伐，廓清淮、泗，摧鋒致果，文武畢力，櫛風沐雨，寒暑亟離，念功在茲，無忘終食。 宜班榮賞，用酬厥勞。 應在軍者可並賜爵二級，并加賚卹，付選即便量處。」 又詔曰：「惟堯葛衣鹿裘，則天為大，伯禹弊衣菲食，夫子曰『無間然』，故儉德之恭，約失者鮮。 朕君臨宇宙，十變年籥，旰日勿休，乙夜忘寢，跂予思治，若濟巨川，念茲在茲，懍同馭朽。 非貪四海之富，非念黃屋之尊，導仁壽以寘群生，寧勞役以奉諸己。 但承梁季，亂離斯瘼，宮室禾黍，有名亡處，雖輪奐未睹，頗事經營，去泰去甚，猶為勞費。 加以戎車屢出，千金日損，府帑未充，民疲征賦。 百姓不足，君孰與足？ 興言靜念，夕惕懷抱，垂訓立法，良所多慚。 斲雕為朴，庶幾可慕，雉頭之服既焚，弋綈之衣方襲，損撤之制，前自朕躬，草偃風行，冀以變俗。 應御府堂署所營造禮樂儀服軍器之外，其餘悉皆停息； 掖庭常供、王侯妃主諸有俸卹，並各量減。」 丁巳，以新除鎮右將軍新安王伯固為護軍將軍。 戊午，樊毅遣軍度淮北對清口築城。 庚申，大雨雹。 壬戌，清口城不守。
In the fourth month of summer, on gengxu day, an edict declared: "Words of splendid reward are clear in the instructions; the beauty of giving padded garments is set forth in comforting tours. In recent years on limited campaigns We cleared Huai and Si; striking the van and winning fruit, civil and military alike gave their strength; wind in the hair and rain on the body, cold and heat in quick succession—thinking of their merit, We do not forget it at the final meal. Rewards of glory should be distributed to repay this toil. Those who were in the army may all receive two ranks of nobility, with added bounty and relief; the personnel office is to measure and dispose at once." A further edict declared: "Only Yao wore hemp and deerskin yet took Heaven as great; Yu wore worn clothes and coarse food yet the Master said there was no fault in him—thus in thrifty virtue there is reverence, and in excessive loss there is little error. We face the cosmos; the year tallies have turned ten times; from dawn We do not rest, at the second watch We forget sleep; standing on tiptoe We think of order as if crossing a great stream; mindful of this, mindful of this, We are as fearful as driving a rotten cart. It is not from greed for the wealth of the four seas, nor from thinking on the honor of the yellow canopy; We guide benevolence and longevity to settle the myriad lives and would rather labor in service than be served by all. But inheriting the Liang season, disorder left its wounds; palace halls were millet, famous yet without place; though the splendor of the halls was not yet seen, We have somewhat undertaken construction; removing excess, removing extremity, it is still labor and expense. Moreover war chariots have repeatedly gone forth; a thousand in gold is lost daily; the treasury is not full and the people are worn by levies. If the people are not sufficient, with whom does the ruler share sufficiency? Speaking in stillness and thinking, evening care fills Our embrace; in handing down instruction and setting law, We are much ashamed. To carve and make plain is what one may admire; since the phoenix-head garments have been burned, the silk-fishing garments are now worn; the regulations for reduction and withdrawal begin with Our own person; when the grass lies down the wind moves, We hope thereby to change custom. Apart from ritual instruments, ceremonial dress, and military gear built by the imperial workshops and government halls, all the rest is to cease entirely; Regular supplies of the inner palace, stipends of princes and princesses, and all such allowances are each to be reduced in measure. On dingsi day Bogu, Prince of Xin'an, newly appointed guard-the-right general, was made protector general. On wuwu day Fan Yi sent troops across the Huai to the north to face Qingkou and build a city. On gengshen day great hail fell. On renxu day Qingkou city could not be held.
93
五月甲申，太白晝見。
In the fifth month, on jiashen day, Venus appeared by day.
94
六月丁卯，大雨，震大皇寺剎、莊嚴寺露盤、重陽閣東樓、千秋門內槐樹、鴻臚府門。
In the sixth month, on dingmao day, heavy rain fell; the finial of the Great Imperial Temple, the bowl of Zhuangyan Temple, the east tower of the Chongyang Pavilion, the locust tree inside the Thousand Autumns Gate, and the gate of the Court for Guests of the Realm were struck by lightning.
95
秋七月戊戌，新羅國遣使獻方物。 乙巳，以散騎常侍、兼吏部尚書袁憲為吏部尚書。
In the seventh month of autumn, on wuxu day, Silla sent envoys with tribute. On yisi day Yuan Xian, regular attendant and concurrent minister of personnel, was made minister of personnel.
96
八月乙丑朔，改秦郡為義州。 戊寅，隕霜，殺稻菽。
On yichou, the new moon of the eighth month, Qin commandery was renamed Yizhou. On wuyin day frost fell and killed rice and beans.
97
九月壬寅，以平北將軍樊毅為中領軍。 乙巳，立方明壇于婁湖。 戊申，以中衛將軍、揚州刺史始興王叔陵兼王官伯臨盟。 甲寅，輿駕幸婁湖臨誓。 乙卯，分遣大使以盟誓班下四方，上下相警戒也。 壬戌，以宣惠將軍江夏王伯義為東揚州刺史。
In the ninth month, on renyin day, Fan Yi, pacify north general, was made central army commander. On yisi day they set up the Square Bright Altar at Lou Lake. On wushen day Central Guard General and Yangzhou Inspector Prince Shixing, Shuling, was also appointed covenant lord to preside at the oath. On jiayin day the emperor went to Lou Lake to witness the oath. On yimao day envoys were sent out to publish the covenant oath in every quarter, so that court and country might hold one another to account. On renxu day General Who Proclaims Grace Prince Jiangxia, Boyi, was appointed inspector of Eastern Yangzhou.
98
冬十月戊寅，罷義州及琅邪、彭城二郡。 立建興，領建安、同夏、烏山、江乘、臨沂、湖熟等六縣，屬揚州。 戊子，以尚書左僕射陸繕為尚書僕射。
In the tenth month, on wuyin day, Yi Province and the commanderies of Langye and Pengcheng were abolished. The prefecture of Jianxing was created, governing six counties—Jian'an, Tongxia, Wushan, Jiangcheng, Linyi, and Hushu—and attached to Yangzhou. On wuzi day Left Vice Director Lu Shan was promoted to Director of the Masters of Writing.
99
十一月辛丑，以鎮西將軍孫瑒為郢州刺史。
In the eleventh month, on xinchou day, General Who Pacifies the West Sun Yu was appointed inspector of Yingzhou.
100
十二月乙亥，合州廬江蠻田伯興出寇樅陽，刺史魯廣達討平之。
In the twelfth month, on yihai day, the Lujiang tribesman Tian Boxing of He Province raided Zongyang; Inspector Lu Guangda defeated and pacified him.
101
十一年春正月丁酉，龍見于南兗州永寧樓側池中。
In spring of the eleventh year, on dingyou of the first month, a dragon was seen in the pool by the Yongning Tower in Southern Yanzhou.
102
二月癸亥，輿駕親耕藉田。
In the second month, on guihai day, the emperor plowed the sacred field in person.
103
三月丁未，詔淮北義人率戶口歸國者，建其本屬舊名，置立郡縣，即隸近州，賦給田宅，喚訂一無所預。
In the third month, on dingwei day, an edict said: "Loyalists north of the Huai who bring their households home may restore their old prefectural and county titles, with new districts placed under the nearest province; they shall receive fields and houses, and no levy shall be taken before they are enrolled."
104
〔夏〕五月乙巳，[25]詔曰：「昔軒轅命于風后、力牧，放勛咨爾稷、契、朱武，[26]冕旒垂拱，化致隆平。 爰逮漢列五曹，周分六職，設官理務，各有攸司，亦幾期刑措，卜世彌永，並賴群才，用康庶績。 朕日昃劬勞，思弘治要，而機事尚擁，政道未凝，夕惕于懷，罔知攸濟。 方欲仗茲舟楫，委成股肱，徵名責實，取寧多士。 自今應尚書曹、府、寺、內省監、司文案，悉付局參議分判。 其軍國興造、徵發、選序、三獄等事，前須詳斷，然後啟聞。 凡諸辯決，務令清乂，約法守制，較若畫一，不得前後舛互，自相矛楯，致有枉滯。 紆意舞文，糾聽所知，靡有攸赦。」 甲寅，詔曰：「舊律以枉法受財為坐雖重，直法容賄其制甚輕，豈不長彼貪殘，生其舞弄？ 事涉貨財，寧不尤切？ 今可改不枉法受財者，科同正盜。」
[Summer] In the fifth month, on yisi day, [25] an edict said: "In antiquity the Yellow Emperor appointed Feng Hou and Li Mu; Yao sought counsel from Ji, Qi, Zhu, and Wu; with capstrings hanging down he ruled at ease until the age turned peaceful and rich. Under Han the Five Bureaus were set in order; under Zhou the Six Duties were divided—each office had its charge—yet they nearly reached an age when punishments fell still and their lines endured, because many able men upheld the people's work. We labor from dawn to dusk to advance good government, yet affairs still pile up and policy does not take shape; evening after evening We lie awake, not knowing how to cross the flood. We mean now to lean on this vessel and entrust the helm to Our ministers, matching name to deed, that many officers may find their rest. Henceforth all papers of the Masters of Writing, government offices, temples, inner directorates, and clerks shall go to the bureaus for joint review and divided decision. Military affairs, public works, levies and conscription, appointments and seniority, and the three prisons must all be fully judged before they are reported up. Every ruling must be clear and fair; hold to law and one standard, as if drawn with a single line—let no contradiction between earlier and later rulings bring wrongful delay. Whoever twists the law for favor, or hears of wrongdoing and does not impeach, shall not be spared." On jiayin day an edict said: "Old law punished taking bribes while bending the law severely, yet taking bribes while upholding the law lightly—does that not feed greed and invite fraud? When wealth is involved, should the penalty not bite all the harder? Henceforth one who takes bribes without bending the law shall be punished like a common thief."
105
六月庚辰，以鎮前將軍豫章王叔英為鎮南將軍、江州刺史。 景戌，以征南將軍、江州刺史鄱陽王伯山為中權將軍、護軍將軍。
In the sixth month, on gengchen day, General Before the Van Prince of Yuzhang, Shuying, was made General Who Guards the South and inspector of Jiangzhou. On jingxu day General Who Campaigns South and Jiangzhou inspector Prince of Poyang, Boshan, was made Central Authority General and Protector of the Army.
106
秋七月辛卯，初用大貨六銖錢。
In the seventh month, on xinmao day, the great six-zhu coin was first issued.
107
八月甲子，青州義主朱顯宗等率所領七百戶入附。 丁卯，輿駕幸大壯觀閱武。 戊寅，輿駕還宮。
In the eighth month, on jiazi day, the Qingzhou loyalist Zhu Xianzong and others brought seven hundred households into allegiance. On dingmao day the emperor went to the Grand Splendor Terrace to review the troops. On wuyin day the emperor returned to the palace.
108
冬十月甲戌，以安前將軍、祠部尚書晉安王伯恭為軍師將軍，尚書僕射陸繕為尚書左僕射。
In the tenth month, on jiaxu day, General Before the Peace and Master of Sacrifices Prince of Jin'an, Bogong, was made Military Adviser General; Director of the Masters of Writing Lu Shan was made Left Vice Director.
109
十一月辛卯，詔曰：「畫冠弗犯，革此澆風，孥戮是蹈，化於薄俗。 朕肅膺寶命，迄將一紀，思經邦濟治，憂國愛民，日仄劬勞，夜分輟寢，而還淳反朴，其道靡階，雍熙盛美，莫云能致。 遂乃鞫訊之牒，盈於聽覽，舂釱之人，煩於牢犴。 周成刑措，漢文斷獄，杼軸空勞，邈焉既遠。 加以蕞爾醜徒，軼我彭、汴，淮、汝氓庶，企踵王略，治兵誓旅，義存拯救。 飛芻挽粟，征賦頗煩，暑雨祁寒，寧忘咨怨。 兼宿度乖舛，次舍違方，若曰之誡，責歸元首，愧心斯積，馭朽非懼。 即建子令月，微陽初動，應此嘉辰，宜播寬澤，可大赦天下。」 甲午，周遣柱國梁士彥率眾至肥口。 戊戌，周軍進圍壽陽。 辛丑，以車騎將軍、開府儀同三司、南兗州刺史淳于量為上流水軍都督； 中領軍樊毅都督北討諸軍事，加安北將軍； 散騎常侍、左衛將軍任忠都督北討前軍事，加平北將軍； 前豐州刺史皋文奏率步騎三千趣陽平郡。 癸卯，任忠率步騎七千趣秦郡。 景午，新除仁威將軍、右衛將軍魯廣達率眾入淮。 是日，樊毅領水軍二萬自東關入焦湖，武毅將軍蕭摩訶率步騎趣歷陽。 戊申，豫州陷。 辛亥，霍州又陷。 癸丑，以新除中衛大將軍、揚州刺史始興王叔陵為大都督，總督水步眾軍。
In the eleventh month, on xinmao day, an edict said: "The painted cap was not to be touched, yet this shallow age must be changed; kin punishment was once enforced, and the people were turned toward hardness. We solemnly received Heaven's charge and are nearing a full twelve-year cycle, laboring to govern the realm and cherish the people from dawn to midnight, yet the road back to plain honesty has no foothold, and who can restore the glory of a golden age? Interrogation papers overflow Our desk, and men at the mortar and in chains crowd the jails. King Cheng left punishments unused; Emperor Wen of Han emptied the courts—yet the loom stands idle in vain, and that age is far beyond us. Moreover petty rebels overrun Peng and Bian; the people of Huai and Ru look to the throne; We raise armies and swear the host to deliver them. Grain is rushed forward and taxes press hard; in summer rain and winter cold, who can forget the people's groans? The lodges of heaven are awry and the stations stray; as the Book of Ruo warns, the fault lies with the ruler—guilt piles in Our heart, and to drive a rotted axle is not Our fear alone. Now in the month when the Son is established, as slight yang first stirs, meeting this good season We should spread a broad grace—a great amnesty for all under Heaven." On jiawu day Zhou sent Pillar of State Liang Shiyan with an army to Feikou. On wuxu day the Zhou army advanced and besieged Shouyang. On xinchou day General of Chariots and Cavalry, opener of the mansion equal to the three dukes, and Southern Yanzhou inspector Chunyu Liang was made commander of the upper-reaches water forces; Central Army Commander Fan Yi was made area commander of the northern campaign and promoted to General Who Pacifies the North; Palace Attendant and Left Guard General Ren Zhong was made commander of the northern vanguard and promoted to General Who Levels the North; former Feng Province inspector Gao Wenqin led three thousand foot and horse toward Yangping commandery. On guimao day Ren Zhong led seven thousand foot and horse toward Qin commandery. On jingwu day the newly appointed General of Benevolent Might and Right Guard General Lu Guangda led troops into the Huai. That same day Fan Yi led twenty thousand sailors from Dongguan into Jiao Lake; General of Martial Resolution Xiao Mohe led foot and horse toward Liyang. On wushen day Yu Province was lost. On xinhai day Huo Province fell as well. On guichou day the newly appointed Grand General of the Central Guard and Yangzhou inspector Prince Shixing, Shuling, was made grand commander of all land and water forces.
110
十二月乙丑，南北兗、晉三州，及盱眙、山陽、陽平、馬頭、秦、歷陽、沛、北譙、南梁等九 （州） 〔郡〕，[27]並自拔還京師。 譙、北徐州又陷。 自是淮南之地盡沒于周矣。 己巳，詔曰：「昔堯、舜在上，茅屋土階，湯、禹為君，藜杖韋帶。 至如甲帳珠絡，華榱璧璫，未能雍熙，徒聞侈欲。 朕企仰前聖，思求訟平，正道多違，澆風靡乂。 至今貴里豪家，金鋪玉舄，貧居陋巷，彘食牛衣，稱物平施，何其遼遠。 爟烽未息，役賦兼勞，文吏姦貪，妄動科格。 重以旗亭關市，稅斂繁多，不廣都內之錢，非供水衡之費，逼遏商賈，營謀私蓄。 靖懷眾弊，宜事改張。 弗弘王道，安拯民蠹？ 今可宣勒主衣、尚方諸堂署等，自非軍國資須，不得繕造眾物。 後宮僚列，若有游長，掖庭啟奏，即皆量遣。 大予祕戲，非會禮經，樂府倡優，不合雅正，並可刪改。 市估津稅，軍令國章，更須詳定，唯務平允。 別觀離宮，郊閒野外，非恆饗宴，勿復脩治。 并勒內外文武車馬宅舍，皆循儉約，勿尚奢華。 違我嚴規，抑有刑憲。 所由具為條格，標榜宣示，令喻朕心焉。」 癸酉，遣平北將軍沈恪、電威將軍裴子烈鎮南徐州，開遠將軍徐道奴鎮柵口，前信州刺史楊寶安鎮白下。 戊寅，以中領軍樊毅為鎮西將軍、都督荊郢巴武四州水陸諸軍事。
In the twelfth month, on yichou day, the three provinces of Southern Yan, Northern Yan, and Jin, and the nine (provinces) [commanderies]—[27] Xuyi, Shanyang, Yangping, Matou, Qin, Liyang, Pei, Northern Qiao, and Southern Liang—all withdrew to the capital. Qiao and Northern Xuzhou were lost as well. From this time all the Huainan region fell to Zhou. On jisi day an edict said: "Of old Yao and Shun dwelt in thatched halls on earthen steps; Tang and Yu wore rush sandals and leather belts. Armored canopies and pearl cords, painted beams and jade finials could not bring peace, and only fed extravagance. We look up to the former sages and seek fair justice; the straight path is often missed and shallow custom runs wild. Today great houses sport gold thresholds and jade shoes while the poor in mean lanes eat pig-gruel and wear ox-hide—to weigh goods and level gifts, how far we are from that! Beacon fires have not ceased, corvée and tax together weary the people, and clerks cheat and seize, recklessly shifting statutes and rules. At market pavilions and pass offices taxes multiply; they do not fill the capital treasury nor meet the water office's costs, but squeeze merchants and scheme for private hoards. To ease the people's many ills, policy must be changed and renewed. Will you not spread the kingly way and peacefully rescue the people's harm? Now proclaim to the Master of Garments, the Palace Workshops, and all hall offices: unless state or army require it, do not manufacture goods in quantity. In the rear palace, if any linger without duty, the palace administration shall report and they shall be dismissed at once. Secret shows of the Grand Music Master violate ritual; music-office singers and actors are not proper elegance—all may be cut back. Market appraisals and ferry taxes, military orders and state statutes, must be reviewed in detail and kept fair and even. Detached palaces and suburban lodges—where there are not regular rites and feasts, do not repair them again. Also command civil and military, within and without, in carriage, horse, house, and dwelling to follow thrift and not prize luxury. Whoever violates Our stern rules shall face penal law. The responsible offices shall draw up full articles and rules, post and proclaim them, and make Our intent known. On guiyou day General Who Levels the North Shen Ke and General of Lightning Might Pei Zilie garrisoned Southern Xuzhou; General Who Opens the Distance Xu Daonu garrisoned Zhakou; former Xin Province inspector Yang Bao'an garrisoned Baixia. On wuyin day Central Army Commander Fan Yi was made General Who Pacifies the West and area commander of Jing, Ying, Ba, and Wu for land and water forces.
111
十二年春正月戊戌，以散騎常侍、左衛將軍任忠為平南將軍、南豫州刺史，督緣江軍防事。
In spring of the twelfth year, on wuxu of the first month, Palace Attendant and Left Guard General Ren Zhong was made General Who Pacifies the South and inspector of Southern Yu, commanding coastal defense along the river.
112
三月壬辰，以平北將軍廬陵王伯仁為翊左將軍、中領軍。
In the third month, on renchen day, General Who Levels the North Prince of Luling, Boren, was made Left Wing General and central army commander.
113
夏四月癸亥，尚書左僕射陸繕卒。 乙丑，以宣毅將軍河東王叔獻為南徐州刺史。 己卯，大雩。 壬午，雨。
In the fourth month, on guihai day, Left Vice Director Lu Shan died. On yichou day General Who Proclaims Resolution Prince of Hedong, Shuxian, was appointed inspector of Southern Xuzhou. On jimao day a great rain-prayer was held. On renwu day rain fell.
114
五月癸巳，以軍師將軍、尚書右僕射晉安王伯恭為尚書僕射。
In the fifth month, on guisi day, Military Adviser General and Right Vice Director Prince of Jin'an, Bogong, was made Director of the Masters of Writing.
115
六月壬戌，大風壞皋門中闥。
In the sixth month, on renxu day, a great wind destroyed the central tower of the Gaomen gate.
116
秋八月己未，周使持節、上柱國、鄖州總管滎陽郡公司馬消難以鄖、隨、溫、應、土、順、沔、 （儇） 〔澴〕、[28]岳等九州，魯山、甑山、沌陽、應城、平靖、武陽、上明、溳水等八鎮內附[29]。 詔以消難為使持節、侍中、大都督、總督安隨等九州八鎮諸軍事、車騎將軍、司空，封隨郡公，給鼓吹、女樂各一部。 庚申，詔鎮西將軍樊毅進督沔、漢諸軍事。 遣平南將軍、南豫州刺史任忠率眾趣歷陽； 通直散騎常侍、超武將軍陳慧紀為前軍都督，趣南兗州。 戊辰，以新除司空司馬消難為大都督水陸諸軍事。 庚午，通直散騎常侍淳于陵克臨江郡。 癸酉，智武將軍魯廣達克郭默城。 甲戌，大雨霖。 景子，淳于陵克祐州城。
In the eighth month, on jiwei day, Zhou's bearer of the staff, supreme pillar of state, and Ying Province commander Duke of Xingyang, Sima Xiaonan, with the nine provinces Ying, Sui, Wen, Ying, Tu, Shun, Mian, and (Xuan) Huan, see editorial note 28. Yue, and the eight garrisons Lushan, Zengshan, Chunyang, Yingcheng, Pingjing, Wuyang, Shangming, and Yunshui came over to Chen. See editorial note 29. An edict made Xiaonan bearer of the staff, palace attendant, grand commander, area commander of the nine provinces and eight garrisons, General of Chariots and Cavalry, and Minister of Works, enfeoffed him Duke of Sui, and granted one set each of drums, horns, and female musicians. On gengshen day an edict ordered General Who Pacifies the West Fan Yi to take command of the Mian and Han region. General Who Pacifies the South and Southern Yu inspector Ren Zhong was sent with troops toward Liyang; palace attendant of direct communication and General of Surpassing Martiality Chen Huiji was made vanguard commander toward Southern Yanzhou. On wuchen day the newly appointed Minister of Works Sima Xiaonan was made grand commander of land and water forces. On gengwu day palace attendant of direct communication Chunyu Ling captured Linjiang commandery. On guiyou day General of Sagely Martiality Lu Guangda captured Guo Mo's city. On jiaxu day heavy rain fell for many days. On jingzi day Chunyu Ling captured the city of You Province.
117
九月癸未，周臨江太守劉顯光率眾內附。 是夜，天東南有聲，如風水相擊，三夜乃止。 景戌，改安陸郡為南司州。 丁亥，周將王延貴率眾援歷陽，任忠擊破之，生擒延貴等。 己酉，周廣陵義主曹藥率眾入附。 [30]
In the ninth month, on guiwei day, Zhou's Linjiang administrator Liu Xianguang brought his troops over to Chen. That night the southeast sky gave a sound like wind and water clashing; after three nights it stopped. On jingxu day Anlu commandery was renamed Southern Sizhou. On dinghai day Zhou general Wang Yangui led troops to relieve Liyang; Ren Zhong defeated him and took Yangui alive. On jiyou day the Guangling loyalist Cao Yao brought his following into allegiance. See editorial note 30.
118
冬十月癸丑，大雨雹震。
In winter, in the tenth month, on guichou day, came heavy rain, hail, and thunder.
119
十一月己丑，詔曰：「朕君臨四海，日旰劬勞，思弘至治，未臻斯道。 而兵車驟出，軍費尤煩，芻漕控引，不能徵賦。 夏中亢旱傷農，畿內為甚，民 （天） 〔失〕所資，[31]歲取無託。 此則政刑未理，陰陽舛度，黎元阻饑，君孰與足？ 靖言興念，余責在躬，宜布惠澤，溥沾氓庶。 其丹陽、吳興、晉陵、建興、義興、東海、信義、陳留、江陵等十郡，[32]并 （謝） 〔諸〕署即年田稅、祿秩，[33]並各原半，其丁租半申至來歲秋登。」
In the eleventh month, on jichou day, an edict said: "We rule the four seas and toil from dawn to dusk to bring the realm to the highest order, yet the way is not yet reached. Armies march out again and again, military costs press hard, and though grain is rushed forward, taxes cannot be collected. Midsummer drought harmed the crops; within the capital region it was severe, and the people (Heaven) [lost] their support, [31] and the year's harvest had nowhere to rest. Government and punishments are not in order, yin and yang are awry, and the people are stopped by hunger—on whose feet can the ruler stand? When We think on it, the blame rests on Us—grace should be spread to reach the common folk. The ten commanderies Danyang, Wuxing, Jinling, Jianxing, Yixing, Eastern Sea, Xinnyi, Chenliu, and Jiangling, [32] and (Xie) [the various] offices' grain tax and salary for this year [33] shall each be cut by half; the half of the adult levy still due shall be reported only at next year's autumn harvest."
120
十二月庚辰，宣毅將軍、南徐州刺史河東王叔獻薨。
In the twelfth month, on gengchen day, General Who Proclaims Resolution and Southern Xuzhou inspector Prince of Hedong, Shuxian, died.
121
十三年春正月壬午，以車騎將軍、開府儀同三司淳于量為左光祿大夫； 中權將軍、護軍將軍鄱陽王伯山即本號開府儀同三司； 鎮右將軍、國子祭酒新安王伯固為揚州刺史； 軍師將軍、尚書僕射晉安王伯恭為尚書左僕射； 〔安〕右將軍、丹陽尹徐陵為中書監，領太子詹事； [34]吏部尚書袁憲為尚書右僕射。 庚寅，以輕車將軍、衛尉卿宜都王叔明為南徐州刺史。
In spring of the thirteenth year, on renwu of the first month, General of Chariots and Cavalry and opener of the mansion equal to the three dukes Chunyu Liang was made Grand Master of Splendid Merit; Central Authority General and Protector of the Army Prince of Poyang, Boshan, on his existing commission was made opener of the mansion equal to the three dukes; General Who Guards the Right and imperial academy libationer Prince of Xin'an, Bogu, was made inspector of Yangzhou; Military Adviser General and Director of the Masters of Writing Prince of Jin'an, Bogong, was made Left Vice Director; [An] General of the Right and Danyang governor Xu Ling was made Supervisor of the Masters of Writing and concurrently Grand Mentor of the Heir Apparent; [34] Director of the Ministry of Personnel Yuan Xian was made Right Vice Director of the Masters of Writing. On gengyin day General of Light Chariots and Commandant of the Guards Prince of Yidu, Shuming, was appointed inspector of Southern Xuzhou.
122
二月甲寅，詔賜司馬消難所部周大將軍田廣等封爵各有差。 乙亥，輿駕親耕藉田。
In the second month, on jiayin day, an edict enfeoffed Zhou's great generals under Sima Xiaonan, including Tian Guang, each according to merit. On yihai day the emperor plowed the sacred field in person.
123
夏四月乙巳，分衡州始興郡為東衡州，衡州為西衡州。
In the fourth month, on yisi day, Shixing commandery of Heng Province was split off as Eastern Heng Province, and Heng Province was renamed Western Heng Province.
124
五月景辰，以前鎮西將軍樊毅為中護軍。
In the fifth month, on jingchen day, former General Who Pacifies the West Fan Yi was made Central Protector of the Army.
125
六月辛卯，以新除中護軍樊毅為護軍將軍。
In the sixth month, on xinmao day, the newly appointed Central Protector Fan Yi was made Protector of the Army.
126
秋九月癸亥，夜，大風至自西北，發屋拔樹，大雷震雹。
In the ninth month, on the night of guihai, a great wind rose from the northwest, tore off roofs and uprooted trees, and great thunder and hail followed.
127
冬十月癸未，以散騎常侍、丹陽尹毛喜為吏部尚書，護軍將軍樊毅為鎮西將軍、荊州刺史。 改鄱陽郡為吳州。 壬寅，丹丹國遣使獻方物。
In the tenth month, on guiwei day, Palace Attendant and Danyang governor Mao Xi was made Director of the Ministry of Personnel; Protector of the Army Fan Yi was made General Who Pacifies the West and inspector of Jing Province. Poyang commandery was renamed Wu Province. On renyin day Dandan sent envoys with tribute.
128
十二月辛巳，彗星見。 己亥，以翊右將軍、衛尉卿沈恪為護軍將軍。
In the twelfth month, on xinsi day, a comet appeared. On jihai day Right Wing General and Commandant of the Guards Shen Ke was made Protector of the Army.
129
十四年春正月己酉，高宗弗豫。 甲寅，崩于宣福殿，時年五十三。 遺詔曰：「朕爰自遘疾，曾未浹旬，醫藥不瘳，便屬大漸，終始定分，夫復奚言。 但君臨寰宇，十有四載，誠則雖休勿休，日慎一日，知宗廟之負重，識王業之艱難。 而邊鄙多虞，生民未乂，方欲蕩清四海，包吞八荒，有志莫從，遺恨幽壤。 皇太子叔寶繼體正嫡，年業韶茂，纂統洪基，社稷有主。 群公卿士、文武內外，俱罄心力，同竭股肱，送往事居，盡忠誠之節，當官奉職，引翼亮之功。 務在協和，無違朕意。 凡厥終制，事從省約。 金銀之飾，不須入壙，明器之具，皆令用瓦。 唯使儉而合禮，勿得奢而乖度。 以日易月，既有通規，公除之制，悉依舊准。 在位百司，三日一臨，四方州鎮，五等諸侯，各守所職，並停奔赴。」
In spring of the fourteenth year, on jiyou of the first month, the High Ancestor fell gravely ill. On jiayin day he died in the Hall of Proclaimed Blessings, aged fifty-three. The death edict said: "Since this illness began, scarcely ten days have passed; medicine has not cured it, and We have reached the end—life and death have their measure, what more can We say? Yet We ruled the realm within the four seas for fourteen years and, though the work seemed done, did not rest, growing more careful day by day—We knew the altars' weight and the throne's hardship. Yet the borders are troubled and the people are not yet at peace; We wished to sweep the four seas clean and embrace the eight directions—Our will found no follower, and regret goes with Us to the grave. Crown Prince Shubao, legitimate heir, is young and growing in virtue, and will inherit the great foundation—the state has its lord. Let lords, ministers, and civil and military within and without exhaust their strength, serve the dead and the living with full loyalty, hold office and do their duty, and support the throne with all their power. Keep harmony and do not go against Our wish. In all funeral arrangements, let affairs follow frugality. Gold and silver ornaments need not go into the coffin; grave goods shall all be of pottery. Be sparing yet keep ritual; do not let extravagance break propriety. The rule of substituting days for months already stands; rules for ending public mourning shall follow the old code. Ministers in post shall attend once every three days; provinces, garrisons, and feudatories of five ranks shall keep their posts and cease rushing to court."
130
二月辛卯，上謚孝宣皇帝，廟號高宗。 癸巳，葬顯寧陵。
In the second month, on xinmao day, the posthumous title Emperor Xiaoxuan was offered and the temple name High Ancestor was given. On guisi day he was buried at Xianning Mausoleum.
131
高宗在田之日，有大度幹略，及乎登庸，寔允天人之望。 梁室喪亂，淮南地並入齊，高宗太建初，志復舊境，乃運神略，授律出師，至於戰勝攻取，獻捷相繼，遂獲反侵地，功實懋焉。 及周滅齊，乘勝略地，還達江際矣。
While still in private life the High Ancestor showed great breadth, capacity, and stratagem; when he took office he truly fulfilled Heaven and man's hope. When the Liang house fell into disorder the Huainan lands all passed to Qi; in the first years of Taikian the High Ancestor set his will on recovering the old borders, deployed divine strategy, gave the command, and marched out—victories and captures followed in succession until invaded lands were regained; the achievement was indeed splendid. When Zhou destroyed Qi and, riding victory, seized territory, they again reached the river's edge.
132
史臣曰：高宗器度弘厚，亦有人君之量焉。 世祖知冢嗣仁弱，弗可傳於寶位，高宗地居姬旦，世祖情存太伯，及乎弗悆，大事咸委焉。 至於纂業，萬機平理，命將出師，克淮南之地，開拓土宇，靜謐封疆。 享國十餘年，志大意逸，呂梁覆 （車） 〔軍〕，[35]大喪師徒矣。 江左削弱，抑此之由。 嗚呼！ 蓋德不逮文，智不及武，雖得失自我，無禦敵之略焉。
The historian says: The High Ancestor's bearing was broad and generous, and he had the measure of a true king. Emperor Shizu knew the heir was mild and weak and could not bear the throne; the High Ancestor stood in the place of the Duke of Zhou, and Emperor Shizu kept Taibo in heart—and when he was displeased, all great affairs were entrusted to him. When he succeeded to the throne the myriad affairs were peacefully ordered; he commissioned generals, recovered the Huainan lands, broadened territory, and quieted the borders. He ruled for more than ten years; will grew great and intent grew lax; at Lüliang the army was overturned (chariot) [army], [35] and the hosts were greatly lost. The southeast was weakened—and this is why. Alas! In the end his virtue did not match his learning, his wisdom did not match his martial fame—though the outcome lay in himself, he had no strategy to meet the enemy.
133
校勘記
Collation notes
134
梁〔中〕大通二年七月辛酉生據《南史·陳宣帝紀》補。 按宣帝死於太建十四年正月甲寅，年五十三，以此上推，適為梁中大通二年。
On "Liang [middle] Datong second year, seventh month, xinyou, birth": supplemented from the Southern History annals of Emperor Xuan. Note: Emperor Xuan died Taikian 14/1/jiayin, aged fifty-three; counting back, that is Liang middle Datong year 2.
135
時有馬軍主李總與高宗有舊殿本考證云《南史》無「馬」字。
On "cavalry commander Li Zong had old ties with the High Ancestor": the Hall edition notes the Southern History lacks the character horse.
136
（空） 〔堅〕誓蒼昊據各本改。
(empty) On "[firm] swore to the azure heavens": emended per all editions.
137
護軍將軍沈恪為鎮南將軍廣州刺史按沈恪於太建二年六月始由安南將軍、廣州刺史進號鎮南將軍，此「鎮南將軍」疑當作「安南將軍」。
On "Protector Shen Ke as General Who Pacifies the South and Guangzhou inspector": Shen Ke was only promoted from General of the South in Taikian 2/6; Pacifies the South here likely should read General of the South.
138
去其甚泰「甚泰」各本作「泰甚」。
On "remove its excessive ease": all editions read ease excessive.
139
二傅祭酒以下 （可） 賚帛各有差據《元龜》二六〇刪。 按此非詔文，不當有「可」字。
The two tutors, libationers, and below (may) On "silk gifts each in differing measure": deleted per Yuan Gui 260. Note: this is not edict text and should not have may.
140
（秋） 九月庚子朔按上已書「秋八月」，此不當更著「秋」字，今刪。
(Autumn) On "ninth month, gengzi new moon": autumn was already given above, so autumn here is deleted.
141
黑貂改弊「改」《元龜》二一三作「故」。
On "black sable changed to worn": Yuan Gui 213 reads therefore for changed.
142
終其滯淹「其」各本作「身」。 按《元龜》二一三作「其」。
On "end their long stagnation": all editions read body for their. Note: Yuan Gui 213 reads their.
143
故車騎將軍章昭達配食世祖廟庭按章昭達於太建三年十二月壬辰以車騎大將軍卒於位，「將軍」上應有一「大」字。
On "General of Chariots and Cavalry Zhang Zhaoda sacrificed in Emperor Shizu's temple": Zhang died in office as Grand General of Chariots and Cavalry on Taikian 3/12/renchen; general here should read grand general.
144
十〔一〕月己亥夜地震據《南史·陳宣帝紀》補。 按上文書「冬十月」，則此不應復書「十月」，且是年十一月己亥朔，明脫一「一」字。 殿本考證謂南史作「十一月」而不書朔，以上文「戊戌」證之，亦恐有訛。 今按：疑南史脫一「朔」字，而此「己亥夜」之「夜」字則當作「朔」也。
On "tenth [eleventh] month, jihai night, earthquake": supplemented from the Southern History annals of Emperor Xuan. Note: winter tenth month was already given above, so tenth month should not repeat; that year's eleventh month new moon was jihai—one is clearly missing. The Hall edition notes the Southern History reads eleventh month without new moon; using wuxu above as proof, corruption is suspected there too. Comment: the Southern History may lack new moon, while night in jihai night should read new moon.
145
癸 （卯） 〔亥〕周遣使來聘按上有乙卯，下不當有癸卯。 周遣使來聘與黃法𣰋克合州城同在一日，通鑑書「癸亥，黃法𣰋克合州」，是知「癸卯」為「癸亥」之訛，今從改。
Gui (mao) On "[hai] Zhou sent envoys to court": yimao appears above, so guimao below is wrong. Zhou's envoys and Huang Faqu's capture of He Province on one day—the Comprehensive Mirror has guihai for Huang Faqu's capture; guimao is therefore a mistake for guihai—emended.
146
九月甲子陽平城降錢大昕《廿二史考異》云：「按是年四月已書陽平郡城降，此又云陽平城降，是有兩陽平矣。 攷隋志，江都郡安宜縣，梁置陽平郡，又魏志楚州所領有陽平郡，領陽平、濮陽兩縣，或前所書者安宜之陽平，後所書者鍾離之陽平乎？ 東魏楚州治鍾離城。」
On "ninth month, jiazi, Yangping city surrendered": Qian Daxin notes Yangping commandery's surrender was already recorded in the fourth month—two Yangpings are meant. The Sui Treatise has Anyi in Jiangdu under Liang as Yangping commandery; the Wei Treatise has Chu Province's Yangping with Yangping and Puyang counties—perhaps the first is Anyi's Yangping and the second Zhongli's? Eastern Wei's Chu Province was seated at Zhongli city."
147
高唐太守沈善度克馬頭城錢大昕《廿二史考異》云「沈善度」通鑑作「沈善慶」。
On "Gaotang governor Shen Shandu captured Matou": Qian Daxin notes the Comprehensive Mirror reads Shen Shanqing.
148
威虜將軍劉桃根克朐山城「劉桃根」通鑑作「劉桃枝」。 胡三省注云：「此劉桃枝自是陳將，非齊之劉桃枝。」 按本書前後皆作「劉桃根」，疑通鑑訛。
On "General Who Overawes the Barbarians Liu Taogen captured Qushan": the Comprehensive Mirror reads Liu Taozhi. Hu Sheng notes: this Liu Taozhi is surely Chen's general, not Northern Qi's Liu Taozhi. Note: this book consistently reads Liu Taogen—the Comprehensive Mirror is likely wrong.
149
南豫州之歷陽臨江郡土民按汲本「土」字下有小注，云一作「士」。 《元龜》二〇八亦作「士」。
On "native officials of Liyang and Linjiang in Southern Yu": the Jigu edition notes one reading is gentleman. Yuan Gui 208 also reads gentleman.
150
陳桃根又表上織成羅又錦被各二百首「織成羅」下之「又」字北監本、殿本作「文」，「錦被」下有「裘」字，無「百首」二字。 南監本、汲本有「百首」二字，餘同北監本。 《南史·陳宣帝紀》「又」作「紋」。 通鑑作「文」。 按張元濟 〈校勘記〉 云：「此文不誤。 意謂織成羅與錦被兩物各二百端。 端或作耑，『首』為『耑』字之誤。」
On "Chen Taogen again presented two hundred pieces each of woven silk and brocade coverlets": the Northern Supervisory and Hall editions read pattern for again under woven silk, add fur under brocade coverlets, and omit hundred pieces— the Southern Supervisory and Jigu editions have hundred pieces; the rest match the Northern Supervisory. The Southern History annals of Emperor Xuan read pattern for again. The Comprehensive Mirror reads pattern. Comment: Zhang Yuanji 〈Collation notes〉 says: "This text is not in error. The meaning is woven silk and brocade coverlets as two items, two hundred bolts each. Duan may also be written duan; shou is a miswriting of duan."
151
改作雲龍神獸門「神獸門」即「神虎門」，避唐諱改。
Emended to Cloud Dragon Spirit-Beast Gate: Spirit-Beast Gate is Spirit-Tiger Gate, changed for Tang taboo.
152
信威將軍江州刺史長沙王叔堅為雲麾將軍中領軍按太建四年，以東中郎將、吳郡太守、長沙王叔堅為宣毅將軍、江州刺史，本傳同，其後不載進改軍號事，此作「信威將軍」，疑有誤。 又本年十二月丙辰，以新除雲麾將軍、郢州刺史長沙王叔堅為平越中郎將、廣州刺史，本傳亦云於太建七年進號雲麾將軍、郢州刺史。 此「中領軍」疑有訛。
On "Prince of Changsha Shujian, trustworthy might general and inspector of Jiangzhou, made cloud battle-ax general and central army inspector": in Taijian year 4 he was made firm resolution general and inspector of Jiangzhou, as in his biography, with no later change of rank recorded; trustworthy might general here is probably wrong. In the twelfth month on bingchen of this year the newly appointed cloud battle-ax general and Yingzhou inspector, Prince of Changsha Shujian, was made pacify-the-Yue central commander and Guangzhou inspector; his biography likewise has him advanced to cloud battle-ax general and Yingzhou inspector in Taijian year 7. Central army inspector here is probably erroneous.
153
〔五月〕庚寅據《南史·陳宣帝紀》補。 按是年四月己酉朔，無庚寅； 五月戊寅朔，十三日為庚寅。
[Fifth month] gengyin—restored per the Southern Dynasties Annals of Emperor Xuan of Chen. Note: that year the fourth month began on jiyou; gengyin does not occur. The fifth month began on wuyin; the thirteenth day was gengyin.
154
以平南將軍湘州刺史長沙王叔堅為平西將軍郢州刺史按叔堅於是年六月為合州刺史，進號平北將軍。 本傳亦言其為平西將軍、郢州刺史前曾為平北將軍、合州刺史。 此「平南將軍」、「湘州刺史」當為「平北將軍」、「合州刺史」之誤。 其時為湘州刺史者，始興王叔陵也。
On making Prince of Changsha Shujian, general who pacifies the south and Xiangzhou inspector, general who pacifies the west and Yingzhou inspector: in the sixth month of that year he was Hezhou inspector and was advanced to general who pacifies the north. His biography also says that before he was general who pacifies the west and Yingzhou inspector he had been general who pacifies the north and Hezhou inspector. General who pacifies the south and Xiangzhou inspector here should read general who pacifies the north and Hezhou inspector. At that time Xiangzhou inspector was Prince of Shixing Shuling.
155
二月壬 （午） 〔子〕據《南史·陳宣帝紀》改。 按是年二月甲辰朔，無壬午。
Second month, ren (wu) [zi]—emended per the Southern Dynasties Annals of Emperor Xuan of Chen. Note: that year the second month began on jiachen; renwu does not occur.
156
六年七年逋租田米粟夏調綿絹絲布麥等「麥」《元龜》四八九作「帛」。 按作「帛」是。
On "arrears of field rent, grain, rice, millet, summer levy silk, gauze, raw silk, cloth, and wheat for years six and seven": Essentials of Governance 489 reads cloth for wheat. Cloth is the correct reading.
157
翊左將軍按本傳，陵於太建八年加翊右將軍，其後無改，與此異。
On "left supporting general": his biography has Xu Ling made right supporting general in Taijian year 8 with no later change; this passage differs.
158
〔夏〕五月乙巳按上書「三月丁未」，依例此應書「夏五月」，明脫一「夏」字，各本並脫，今補。
[Summer] fifth month yisi—above reads third month dingwei; by precedent this should be summer, fifth month; summer has clearly dropped out and all editions omit it; now restored.
159
放勛咨爾稷契朱武「朱武」即「朱虎」，避唐諱改。
On Yao's charge to Houji and Qi, Zhu Wu: Zhu Wu is Zhu Hu, changed for Tang taboo.
160
及盱眙山陽陽平馬頭秦歷陽沛北譙南梁等九 （州） 〔郡〕錢大昕《廿二史考異》云「州」當作「郡」。 按上所舉皆郡名，今據改。
And Xu, Shanyang, Yangping, Matou, Qin, Liyang, Pei, North Qiao, South Liang, and the other nine (zhou) [jun]—Qian Daxin's Examination of the Twenty-two Histories says zhou should be commanderies. The places named above are all commanderies; emended accordingly.
161
（儇） 〔澴〕據通鑑胡注及錢大昕《廿二史考異》改。 按錢大昕云「儇」當作「澴」，澴州即隋吉陽郡。
(xuan) [huan]—emended per Hu Zhu on the Comprehensive Mirror and Qian Daxin's Examination of the Twenty-two Histories. Note: Qian Daxin holds xuan should be huan; Huanzhou is Sui's Jiyang commandery.
162
魯山甑山沌陽應城平靖武陽上明溳水等八鎮內附「溳水」原訛「涓水」，各本並訛。 按魯山等八鎮並在今湖北省境。 隋書地理志：「安貴、西魏置溳水郡，開皇初郡廢。」 安貴故治在今湖北隨縣西北。 溳水鎮當即其地。 「涓水」《元龜》二一五正作「溳水」，今改正。
On "Lu Mountain, Zeng Mountain, Dunyang, Yingcheng, Pingjing, Wuyang, Shangming, Yun River, and seven other garrisons submitted": Yun River was miswritten Juan River in all editions. Lu Mountain and the other eight garrisons all lie in present-day Hubei. Sui Geography: "Angui—in Western Wei they established Yun River commandery; at the start of Kaihuang the commandery was abolished." Angui's former seat is northwest of present Suixian in Hubei. Yun River garrison should be at that site. Essentials of Governance 215 correctly reads Yun River for Juan River; emended.
163
周廣陵義主曹藥率眾入附殿本考證雲南史「主」上有「軍」字。
On "Zhou Prince of Guangling Yi, Cao Yao, leading his forces to submit": the Hall edition notes that the Southern History has army before lord.
164
民 （天） 〔失〕所資據各本改。
People (tian) [shi] lost their livelihood—emended per all editions.
165
其丹陽吳興晉陵建興義興東海信義陳留江陵等十郡錢大昕《廿二史考異》云：「今數之，止九郡。」
On "Danyang, Wuxing, Jinling, Jianxing, Yixing, Donghai, Xinyi, Chenliu, Jiangling, and the other ten commanderies": Qian Daxin's Examination counts only nine commanderies.
166
并 （謝） 〔諸〕署即年田稅祿秩據《元龜》四八九改。
And (xie) [zhu] offices and annual field-tax stipends—emended per Essentials of Governance 489.
167
〔安〕右將軍丹陽尹徐陵為中書監領太子詹事按陵本傳，陵於太建十年，重為領軍將軍，尋遷安右將軍、丹陽尹。 此脫「安」字，今補。
On "[An] right general, Dan-yang intendant Xu Ling made central secretariat supervisor and concurrent crown prince grand tutor": his biography has him made protector general again in Taijian year 10, then soon secure-the-right general and Dan-yang intendant. An has dropped out here; now restored.
168
呂梁覆 （車） 〔軍〕據各本改。
Lüliang capsized (che) [jun] army—emended per all editions.