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卷二十八上 地理志

Volume 28a: Treatise on Geography 1

Chapter 36 of 漢書 ✓ Translated
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Chapter 36
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1
使
In former times under the Yellow Emperor, boats and carts were made to cross what could not be crossed; routes spread across the realm, standards reached ten thousand li, the land was mapped and divided into provinces, yielding ten thousand districts of hundred-li states. Thus the Changes says, "Former kings established myriad states and kept feudal lords close," and the Documents says, "They harmonized the myriad states"—this is what it means. When Yao faced the great flood, waters embraced mountains and overtopped hills, splitting the realm apart. He made twelve provinces and had Yu regulate them. Once waters and lands were leveled, he recast them as nine provinces, set out five service zones, and assigned tribute according to local produce.
2
It says: Yu spread out the land, followed mountains and cut paths through woods, and fixed the high mountains and great rivers.
3
When Jizhou was set in order, Hukou was regulated and Liang and Qi reached. Taiyuan was repaired, reaching to the south of Mount Yue. Tanhuai was brought to completion, reaching Hengzhang. Its soil was white loam. Its levy was highest-high mixed rate; its fields were middle-middle. The Heng and Wei rivers followed their courses; the Great Plain was restored. The Bird Yi wore skins as clothing. Passing right of Jieshi cliffs, one entered the Yellow River.
4
Ji and Yellow formed Yanzhou. The Nine Rivers were channeled, Leixia became marsh, Yong and Ju met and joined; mulberry lands raised silkworms, and people descended from hills to settle plains. Its soil was dark, rich, and mounded; grasses and trees were lush and straight. Its fields were middle-lower, levy fixed; after thirteen years they matched the standard. Its tribute was lacquer and silk, with patterned woven goods. They floated down Ji and Tuo to reach the Yellow River.
5
Sea and Tai formed Qingzhou. Yuyi was surveyed; the Wei and Zai rivers found their channels. Its soil was white and rich, with broad saline flats by the sea. Fields ranked upper-lower; levy middle-upper. Tribute included salt and fine cloth, various sea products, silk, hemp, lead, pine, and rare stones from Tai valleys; Lai Yi herded stock, and their tribute included dark silk floss. They floated down Wen and reached Ji.
6
Sea, Tai, and Huai formed Xuzhou. Huai and Yi were brought to order; Meng and Yu were cultivated. The Great Marsh was impounded and the eastern plain leveled. Its soil was red clay-rich loam, with grasses and trees increasingly dense. Fields were upper-middle; levy middle-middle. Tribute was five-colored earth, bird plumes and summer pelts from valleys, lone paulownia from Yiyang, floating chimes from Si shores, pearls and fish from Huai Yi, and dark fine silk-gauze goods. They floated down Huai and Si and reached the River.
7
Huai and sea formed Yangzhou. When Poyang was impounded, migratory birds settled there. The Three Rivers entered their courses and Zhen Marsh was stabilized. Bamboo and reeds spread; scrub and tall trees rose. Its soil was muddy silt. Fields were lower-lower; levy lower-upper mixed. Tribute included three grades of metal, jade and fish products, bamboo and reeds, teeth, hides, feathers, and hair; Bird Yi wore plant fiber clothing; their woven tribute included shell-cloth; bundled oranges and pomelos were given by special command. They equalized routes by river and sea, connecting to Huai and Si.
8
Jing and south of Heng formed Jingzhou. The Yangtze and Han paid court to the sea. The Nine Rivers were abundant; Tuo and Qian were channeled; Yunmeng lands were brought into order. Its soil was muddy silt. Fields were lower-middle; levy upper-lower. Tribute included feathers, yak tails, teeth, hides, three grades of metal, various timbers, whetstones, arrowstones, cinnabar, special bamboo and thorn woods, and produce from three states; bundled green thatch, dark-red woven jewels and cords, and from Nine Rivers a specially offered great turtle. They floated by Yangtze, Tuo, Qian, and Han, crossed to Luo, and reached the southern Yellow River.
9
Jing and River formed Yuzhou. Yi, Luo, Chan, and Jian entered the River; Ying and Bo were impounded; waters reached He marsh and spread to Meng marsh. Its soil was good loam, with lower lands of mounded black earth. Fields were middle-upper; levy mixed upper-middle. Tribute included lacquer, hemp, fine cloth, ramie, fine floss goods, and specially offered chime-stones of mixed type. They floated down Luo and entered the River.
10
西
South of Hua and Blackwater formed Liangzhou. Min and Bo were cultivated; Tuo and Qian were channeled; Cai and Meng districts leveled and Yi peoples made productive. Its soil was blue-black. Fields were lower-upper; levy lower-middle with three mixed rates. Tribute included jade, iron, silver, metalwork, arrowstones, chime-stones, and hides of bears, foxes, and civets. From Xiqing by way of Huan came products from Kunlun, Xizhi, and Qusou; western Rong were brought into order.
11
西 西 西 西
Blackwater and west of the River formed Yongzhou. Weakwater turned west; Jing joined the Wei confluence. Qi and Ju followed course; Feng waters joined together. Jing and Qi mountains were traversed, from Zhongnan and Dunwu to Bird-Mouse mountain. Plains and wetlands were brought to completion, reaching Zhuye. Three-Wei were settled and the Three Miao greatly ordered. Its soil was yellow loam. Fields were upper-upper; levy middle-lower. Tribute included jade globes, fine jades, and langgan gems. They floated from Jishi to Longmen and the western Yellow River, joining at the Wei confluence. From woven hides came products of Kunlun, Xizhi, and Qusou; western Rong came into orderly submission.
12
西
Following Min and Qi, they reached Jing mountain and crossed the River; from Hukou and Leishou they reached Great Yue; from Dizhu and Xicheng they reached Wangwu; from Taihang and Heng they reached Jieshi and entered the sea. From Xiqing, Zhuyu, and Bird-Mouse they reached Great Hua; from Xionger, Waifang, and Tongbai they reached Beiwei. Following Bo mound they reached Jing mountain; from Neifang they reached Great Bie; from south of Min mountain they reached Heng mountain, crossed Nine Rivers, and reached Fuzhanyuan.
13
They guided Weakwater to Heli; remaining flow entered the shifting sands. They guided Blackwater to Three-Wei and into the southern sea. They guided the River from Jishi to Longmen, south to Huayin, east to Dizhu, further east to Mengjin, east past Luo confluence to Dapi, north past Jiang waters to the Great Plain, then north split into Nine Rivers, together called Reverse River, entering the sea. From Bo mound they guided Yang waters east as Han, then east as Canglang waters, past the three shoals to Great Bie, south into Yangtze, east gathering as Poyang, east as North River into the sea. From Min mountain they guided Yangtze, branching east as Tuo, then east to Li, past Nine Rivers to Dongling, winding east and north to join at Hui, then east as Middle River into the sea. They guided Yan waters east as Ji into the River, overflowed as Ying, then east out north of Taoqiu, east to He, northeast to meet Wen, then north-east into the sea. They guided Huai from Tongbai, east to meet Si and Yi, then east into the sea. They guided Wei from Bird-Mouse common cave, east to meet Feng, then east to Jing, then east past Qi and Ju into the River. They guided Luo from Xionger, northeast to meet Jian and Chan, then east to meet Yi, then northeast into the River.
14
The nine provinces were thus harmonized; the four remote regions settled; the nine mountains traversed; the nine rivers dredged to source; the nine marshes embanked; and the four seas brought to common order. The six treasuries were fully regulated, all soils correctly arranged, levies carefully managed, all by three soil grades, thereby completing tribute assessments of the central realm. He granted lands and surnames, saying: "Reverently uphold and exalt virtue first; do not reject my course."
15
西
Five hundred li of Dian service: first hundred li paid bundled grain stalks, second hundred delivered cut grain, third hundred delivered husked grain, fourth hundred delivered grain, fifth hundred delivered rice. Five hundred li of Hou service: first hundred li were cai-fiefs, second hundred li were male states, third hundred li were feudal states. Five hundred li of Sui service: three hundred li measured by civil instruction, two hundred li by martial defense. Five hundred li of Yao service: three hundred li Yi, two hundred li Cai. Five hundred li of Huang service: three hundred li Man, two hundred li exile zones. To the east it reached the sea, to the west covered the shifting sands, to north and south alike, and the sound of teaching extended to the four seas.
16
Yu received the dark jade tablet and announced his success.
17
He later received abdication from Yu and became founder of the Xia house.
18
Shang inherited from Xia and changed nothing substantial. After overthrowing the Shang, the Zhou court adapted earlier institutions, reorganized offices and responsibilities, folded Xu and Liang into Yong and Qing, and carved You and Bing out of Ji Province. So the Zhou established an office in charge of territorial administration, tasked with classifying the states of the nine provinces.
19
The southeastern region was Yang Province, marked by Mount Kuaiji, the Juqu marsh, the Three Rivers, and the Five Lakes. Its chief products were gold, tin, and bamboo for arrows. Its population ratio was recorded as two men for every five women. The area favored fowl and game, and its staple grain was rice.
20
Directly south lay Jing Province, defined by Mount Heng, the Yunmeng marshes, the Yangtze and Han rivers, and the Ying and Zhan waters. Its noted products were cinnabar, silver, ivory, and leather. Its recorded sex ratio was one man to two women. Its livestock and crops matched those of Yang Province.
21
The region south of the Yellow River was Yu Province, with Mount Hua, the Putian marsh, the Ying and Luo rivers, and the Bo and Cha waterways. Its valuable products included timber, lacquer, silk, and hemp. Its ratio was listed as two men for every three women. It supported all six domestic animals and all five principal grains.
22
To the east was Qing Province, identified with Mount Yi, the Mengzhu marsh, the Huai and Si rivers, and the Yi and Shu waters. Its chief products were reeds and fish. Its recorded ratio was two men to three women. It was suited to raising chickens and dogs, and to growing rice and wheat.
23
East of the Yellow River lay Yan Province, with Mount Tai, the Taiye marsh, the Yellow and Ji rivers, and the Lu and Wei waters. Its key products were reeds and fish. Its ratio was two men for every three women. It supported all six domestic animals and four major grains.
24
西
To the west was Yong Province, marked by Mount Yue, the Xianpu marsh, the Jing and Rui rivers, and the Wei and Luo waters. Its valued materials were jade and stone. Its ratio was recorded as three men to two women. It favored cattle and horses, and grew millet and broomcorn millet.
25
In the northeast was You Province, with Mount Yiwulu, the Xiyang marsh, the Yellow and Ji rivers, and the Zi and Shi waters. Its chief products were fish and salt. Its recorded ratio was one man to three women. It was suitable for four types of domestic animals and three principal grains.
26
The inner Yellow River region was Ji Province, marked by Mount Huo, the Yangyu marsh, the Zhang River, and the Fen and Lu waters. Its valued timber was pine and cypress. Its ratio was listed as five men to three women. It favored cattle and sheep, with millet and broomcorn millet as staple crops.
27
To the north was Bing Province, with Mount Heng, the Zhaoyuqi marsh, the Huchi and Ouyi rivers, and the Lai and Yi waters. Its notable products were cloth and silk textiles. Its ratio was two men for every three women. It supported five kinds of livestock and all five major grains.
28
The court astronomer matched each of the nine provinces to its assigned stars; every fief had a celestial counterpart used to read auspicious and ominous signs.
29
滿
The Zhou nobility had five ranks, but fiefs came in three standard sizes: 100 li for dukes and marquises, 70 for earls, and 50 for viscounts and barons. Smaller polities were treated as dependencies, bringing the total to roughly 1,800 states. Descendant lines from legendary rulers and from Tang and Yu still survived, and the successive records of emperors and kings make this traceable. Once Zhou authority weakened, power shifted to the feudal lords, who conquered one another until the old roster of states was nearly wiped out over a few centuries. In Spring and Autumn times, dozens of states remained, and the Five Hegemons took turns dominating interstate alliances. By the Warring States era, the world had fractured into seven powers that maneuvered through shifting alliance blocs for decades. Qin eventually conquered and unified the empire. Judging Zhou-style enfeoffment too weak, Qin refused to grant hereditary fiefs, reorganized the realm into commanderies and counties, and all but eradicated the old noble lineages.
30
When the Han was founded, it largely inherited Qin institutions but governed with lighter, more humane policies to settle the realm. Under Emperor Wu, campaigns against the Xiongnu and Yue expanded Han territory. Jiaozhi was established in the south and Shuofang in the north; provincial lines were adjusted, and thirteen inspection regions were ultimately set up under cishi inspectors. Because ancient records were remote and place names had shifted repeatedly, this account gathers old traditions, checks them against the Classics, and maps mountains and rivers from the Yu Gong and Zhou institutions down through the Warring States, Qin, and Han.
31
Jingzhao Commandery (capital district): in 2 CE, it had 195,702 households and a population of 682,468. Counties (12): Chang'an, Xinfeng, Chuansikong, Lantian, Huayin, Zheng, Hu, Xiagui, Nanling, Fengming, Baling, and Duling.
32
Zuo Fengyi had 235,101 households and 917,822 people. Counties (24): Gaoling, Liyang, Zhaidao, Chiyang, Xiayang, Ya, Suyi, Gukou,
33
Additional counties: Lianshao, Pinyang, Linjin, Chongquan, Heyang, Deyu, Wucheng, Shenyang, Huaide, Zheng.
34
Additional counties: Yunling, Wannian, Changling, Yangling, and Yunyang.
35
You Fufeng had 216,377 households and a population of 836,070. Counties (21): Weicheng, Huaili, Hu, Zhouzhi, Tai, Yuyi, Meiyang, Mei, Yong, Qi, Xunyi, Yumi, Chencang, Duyang, Qian, Haozhi,
36
Additional counties: Guo, Anling, Maoling, Pingling, and Wugong.
37
Hongnong Commandery counted 118,091 households and 475,954 people. Counties (11): Hongnong, Lushi, Shan, Yiyang, Mianchi, Danshui, Xin'an, Shang, Xi, Luhun, and Shangluo.
38
Hedong Commandery had 236,896 households and 962,912 people. Counties (24): Anyi, Dayang, Yishi, Xie, Pufan, Hebei, Zuoyi, Fenyin, Wenxi, Huoze, Duanshi, Linfen, Yuan, Pishi, Changxiu, Pingyang, Xiangling, Zhi, Yang, Beiqu, Puzi, Jiang, Husheni, and Qi.
39
Taiyuan Commandery had 169,863 households and 680,488 people.
40
Counties (21): Jinyang, Suren, Jiexiu, Yuci, Zhongdu, Yuli, Zishi, Langmeng, Wu, Yu, Pingtao, Fenyang, Jingling, Yangqu, Daling, Yuanping, Qi, Shang'ai, Lusi, Yangyi, and Guangwu.
41
Shangdang Commandery had 73,798 households and a population of 337,766. Counties (14): Zhangzi, Tunliu, Yuwu, Tongdi, Zhan,
42
Additional counties: Nieshi, Xiangyuan, Huguan, Xuan, Gaodu, Lu, Qishi, Yang'e, and Guyuan.
43
Henei Commandery recorded 241,246 households and 1,067,097 people. Counties (18): Huai, Ji, Wude, Bo, Shanyang, Heyang, Zhou, Gong, Pinggao, Chaoge, Xiuwu, Wen, Yewang, Huojia, Zhi, Qinshui, Longlu, and Dangyin.
44
Henan Commandery had 276,444 households and 1,740,279 people. Counties (22): Luoyang, Xingyang, Yanshi, Jing, Pingyin, Zhongmu, Ping, Yangwu, Henan, Goushi, Juan, Yuanwu, Gong, Gucheng, Gushi, Mi,
45
Additional counties: Xincheng, Kaifeng, Chenggao, and Yuanling. Liang and Xinzheng.
46
Dong Commandery counted 401,297 households and 1,659,028 people. Counties (22): Puyang, Panguan, Liaocheng, Dunqiu, Fagan, Fan, Chaping, Dongwuyang,
47
Additional counties: Boping, Li, Qing, Dong'e, Lihu, Linyi, Limiao, Xuchang, Shouliang, Lechang, Yangping, Baima, Nanyan, and Linqiu.
48
Chenliu Commandery had 296,284 households and 1,509,050 people. Counties (17): Chenliu, Xiaohuang, Cheng'an, Ningling, Yongqiu, Suanzao, Donghun, Xiangyi, Waihuang, Fengqiu, Changluo, Weishi, Yan, Changyuan, Pingqiu, Jiyang, and Junyi.
49
Yingchuan Commandery recorded 432,491 households and 2,210,973 people. Counties (20): Yangdi, Kunyang, Yingyang, Dingling, Changshe, Xinji, Xiangcheng, Yan, Jia, Wuyang, Yingyin, Chonggao, Xu, Yanling, Linying, Fucheng, Cheng'an, Zhouchengxiu, Yangcheng, and Lunshi.
50
輿西西祿
Runan Commandery had 461,587 households and 2,596,148 people. Counties (37): Pingyu, Yang'an, Yangcheng, Liqiang, Fubo, Nuyang, Tongyang, Wufang, Ancheng, Nandun, Langling, Xiyang, Yichun, Nuyin, Xincai, Xinxi, Zhuoyang, Qisi, Shenyang, Shen, Shaoling, Yiyang, Xiping, Shangcai, Jin, Xihua, Changping, Yilu, Xiang, Xinqi, Guide, Xinyang,
51
Additional counties: Anchang and Anyang.
52
Additional counties: Boyang, Chengyang, and Dingling.
53
西
Nanyang Commandery had 359,116 households and a population of 1,942,051. Counties (36): Wan, Chou, Duyan, Zan, Yuyang, Boshan, Nieyang, Yin, Duyang, Zhi, Shandu, Caiyang, Xinye, Zhuyang, Jiyang, Wudang, Wuyin, E, Rang, Li, Anzhong, Guanjun, Biyang, Pingshi,
54
Additional counties: Sui, Ye, Deng, Chaoyang, Luyang, Chongling, Xindu, Huyang, Hongyang, Lecheng, Bowang, and Fuyang.
55
Nan Commandery counted 125,579 households and 718,540 people. Counties (18): Jiangling, Linju, Yiling, Huarong, Yicheng, Ying, Zhi, Dangyang, Zhonglu, Zhijiang, Xiangyang, Bian, Zigui, Yidao, Zhouling, Ruo, Wu, and Gaocheng.
56
西西
Jiangxia Commandery had 56,844 households and 219,218 people. Counties (14): Xiling, Jingling, Xiyang, Xiang, Zhu, Dai, E, Anlu, Shaxian, Qichun, Mian, Yundu, Xiazhi, and Zhongwu.
57
Lujiang Commandery had 124,383 households and 457,333 people. Counties (12): Shu, Juchao, Longshu, Linhu, Yulou, Xiang'an, Zongyang, Xunyang, Qian, Huan,
58
Additional counties: Huling Settlement and Songzi.
59
Jiujiang Commandery recorded 150,052 households and 780,525 people. Counties (15): Shouchun Settlement, Junqiu, Chengde, Tuogao, Yinling, Liyang, Dangtu, Zhongli, Hefei, Dongcheng, Boxiang, Quyang, Jianyang, Quanjiao, and Fuling.
60
Shanyang Commandery had 172,847 households and 801,288 people. Counties (23): Changyi, Nanpingyang, Chengwu, Huling, Dongrang, Fangyu, Tuo, Juye, Shanfu, Bo, Duguan, Chengdu, Huang, Yuanqi, Gaocheng, Zhongxiang, Pingle, Zheng, Xiaqiu, Zixiang,
61
Additional counties: Lixiang and Quxiang.
62
西
Xiyang.
63
Jiyin Commandery had 292,005 households and a population of 1,386,278. Counties (9): Dingtao, Yuanyu, Ludu, Jiami, Chengyang, Juancheng, Gouyang, Duo, and Chengshi.
64
Pei Commandery had 409,079 households and 2,030,480 people. Counties (37): Xiang, Longkang, Zhu, Guyang, Xiao, Xiang,
65
Additional counties: Zhi, Guangqi, Xiacai, Feng.
66
Additional counties: Dan, Qiao, Qi, Zhuan, Zheyu, Shansang, Gongqiu, Fuli, Jingqiu, Xiaqiu, Xiao, Pei, Mang, Jiancheng, Chengfu, Jianping, Zan, Li, Fuyang, Gao, Gaochai, Piaoyang, Ping'e, Dongxiang, Lindu, Yicheng, and Qixiang.
67
Wei Commandery had 212,849 households and 909,655 people. Counties (18): Ye, Guantao, Chiqiu,
68
Additional counties: Sha, Neihuang, Qingyuan, Wei, Fanyang, Yuancheng, Liangqi, Liyang, Jipei, Wushi, Hanhui, Yin'an, Ping'en, Hangou, and Wu'an.
69
鹿 鹿
Julu Commandery had 155,951 households and 827,177 people. Counties (20): Julu, Nandu, Guang'e, Xiangshi, Yingtao, Songzi, Yangshi, Linping, Xiaquyang, Shi, Xiao,
70
巿
Additional counties: Xinshi, Tangyang.
71
Additional counties: Anding, Jingwu, Lixiang.
72
Additional counties: Lexin, Wutao, Baixiang, and Anxiang.
73
Changshan Commandery had 141,741 households and 677,956 people. Counties (18): Yuanshi, Shiyi, Sangzhong, Lingshou, Puwu, Shangquyang, Jiumen, Jingxing, Fangzi, Zhongqiu, Fengsi, Guan, Pingji, Gao, Leyang, Pingtai, Duxiang, and Nanxingtang.
74
Qinghe Commandery had 201,774 households and 875,422 people. Counties (14): Qingyang, Dongwucheng, Yimu, Ling, Cuo, Shu, Beiqiu, Xincheng, Chenti, Dongyang, Xinxiang, Liao, Zaoqiang, and Fuyang.
75
涿 涿
Zhuo Commandery had 195,607 households and 782,764 people. Counties (29): Zhuo,
76
輿
Additional counties: Nai, Guqiu, Gu'an, Nanshenze, Fanyang, Liwu, Rongcheng, Yi, Guangwang, Mo, Gaoyang, Zhouxiang, Anping, Fanyu.
77
西
Additional counties: Cheng, Liangxiang, Lixiang, Linxiang, Yichang, Yangxiang, Xixiang, Raoyang, Zhongshui, Wuyuan, Aling, Awu, Gaoguo.
78
Additional counties: Xinchang.
79
Bohai Commandery had 256,377 households and 905,119 people. Counties (26): Fuyang, Yangxin, Dongguang, Fucheng, Qiantong, Chonghe, Nanpi, Ding, Zhangwu, Zhongyi, Gaocheng, Gaole,
80
Additional counties: Canhu, Chengping, Liu, Linle, Dongpingshu, Chongping, Anci, Xiushi, Wen'an, Jingcheng, Shuzhou, Jiancheng, Zhangxiang, and Puling.
81
Pingyuan Commandery had 154,387 households and 664,543 people. Counties (19): Pingyuan, Ge, Gaotang, Chongqiu, Pingchang, Yu, Ban, Leling, Zhu'a, Yuan, Ayang, Tayin, Li, Fuping, Ande, Heyang, Louxu, Longdou, and An.
82
Qiancheng Commandery had 116,727 households and 490,720 people. Counties (15): Qiancheng, Dongzou, Shiwo, Ping'an, Bochang, Liaocheng, Jianxin, Di, Langhuai, Le'an, Beiyang, Gaochang, Fan'an, Gaowan, and Yanxiang.
83
Jinan Commandery had 140,761 households and 642,884 people. Counties (14): Dongpingling, Zouping, Tai, Liangzou, Tugu, Yuling, Yangqiu, Banyang, Jian, Chaoyang, Licheng, Xiao, Zhu, and Yicheng.
84
Taishan Commandery had 172,086 households and 726,604 people. Counties (24): Fenggao, Bo, Cha, Lu, Feicheng, Sheqiu, Gang, Chai, Gai, Liangfu, Dongpingyang, Nanwuyang, Laiwu, Juping, Ying, Mou, Mengyin, Hua, Ningyang, Chengqiu, Fuyang, Taoshan, Taoxiang, and Shi.
85
西
Qi Commandery had 154,826 households and 554,444 people. Counties (12): Linzi, Changguo, Li, Xi'an, Juding, Guang, Guangrao, Zhaonan, Linqu, Beixiang, Pingguang, and Taixiang.
86
Beihai Commandery had 127,000 households and 593,159 people. Counties (26): Yingling, Jukui, Anqiu,
87
Additional counties: Zhi, Chunyu, Yi, Pingshou, Ju, Duchang, Pingwang, Pingdi, Liuquan.
88
Additional counties: Shouguang, Lewang, Rao, Zhen, Sangdu, Pingcheng, Mixiang, Yangshi, Ledu, Shixiang, Shangxiang, Xincheng, Chengxiang, and Jiaoyang.
89
Donglai Commandery had 103,292 households and 502,693 people. Counties (17): Ye, Chui,
90
Additional counties: Pingdu, Huang, Linqu, Qucheng, Mouping, Dongmou, Zang, Yuli, Changyang, Buye, Dangli, Luxiang, Yangle, Yangshi, and Xuxiang.
91
Langya Commandery had 228,960 households and 1,079,100 people. Counties (51): Dongwu, Buqi, Haiqu, Ganyu, Zhuxu, Zhu, Wucheng, Lingmen, Gumu, Xushui, Linyuan, Langya, Fu, Gui, Ping, Fu, Yuduan, Qianzou, Yun, Jijin, Dao, Gaoyu, Pingchang, Changguang, Heng, Dongguan, Weiqi, Chang, Zixiang, Ji,
92
Additional counties: Bi, Gaoguang, Gaoxiang, Rou, Jilai, Li, Wuxiang, Yixiang, Xinshan, Gaoyang, Kunshan, Canfeng, Zhequan, Boshi, Fangshan.
93
Additional counties: Shenxiang, Siwang, Anqiu, Gaoling, Lin'an, and Shishan.
94
Donghai Commandery had 358,414 households and 1,559,357 people. Counties (38): Tan, Lanling, Xiangben, Xiapi, Liangcheng, Pingqu, Qi, Qu, Kaiyang, Fei, Licheng, Haiqu, Lanqi, Zeng, Nancheng, Shanxiang, Jianxiang, Jiqiu, Zhuqi, Linyi, Houqiu, Rongqiu, Dong'an, Hexiang, Cheng, Jianyang, Quyang, Siwu, Yuxiang, Pingqu, Duyang, Yinping, Wuxiang, Wuyang, Xinyang, Jianling, Changlu, and Duping.
95
Linhuai Commandery had 268,283 households and 1,237,764 people. Counties (29): Xu, Qulu, Huaipu, Xuyi, Qiuyou, Tong, Sheyang, Kaiyang, Zhuiqi, Gaoshan, Suiling, Yandu, Huaiyin, Huailing, Xiaxiang, Fuling,
96
西
Additional counties: Dongyang, Bojing, Xiping.
97
輿
Additional counties: Gaoping, Kailing, Changyang, Guangping, Lanyang, Xiangping, Hailing, Yu, Tangyi, and Leling.
98
Kuaiji Commandery had 223,038 households and 1,032,604 people. Counties (26): Wu, Qu'a, Wushang, Piling, Yuji, Yangxian, Zhuji, Wuxi, Shanyin, Dantu, Yuyao, Lou, Shangyu, Haiyan, Shan, Youquan, Damo, Wucheng, Juzhang, Yuhang, Yin, Qiantang, Mao, Fuchun, Ye, and Huipu.
99
Danyang Commandery had 107,541 households and 405,171 people. Counties (17): Wanling, Yujiao, Jiangcheng, Chungu, Moling,
100
Additional counties: Guzhang, Jurong, Jing, Danyang, Shicheng, Hushu, Lingyang, Wuhu, You, Liyang, She, and Xuancheng.
101
Yuzhang Commandery had 67,462 households and 351,965 people. Counties (18): Nanchang, Luling, Pengze, Poyang, Liling, Yuhan, Chaisang,
102
Additional counties: Ai, Gan, Xingan, Nancheng, Jiancheng, Yichun, Haihun, Yudu, Xiaoyang, Nanye, and Anping.
103
Guiyang Commandery had 28,119 households and 156,488 people. Counties (11): Chen,
104
Additional counties: Linwu.
105
便
Additional counties: Bian, Nanping, Leiyang, Guiyang.
106
Additional counties: Yangshan, Qujiang.
107
Additional counties: Hanguang, Zhenyang.
108
Additional counties: Yinshan.
109
Wuling Commandery had 34,177 households and 185,758 people. Counties (13): Suo, Chanling, Linyuan, Yuanling, Tancheng, Wuyang, Qianling, Chenyang, Youyang, Yiling, Henshan, Lingyang, and Chong.
110
Lingling Commandery had 21,092 households and 139,378 people. Counties (10): Lingling, Yingdao, Shi'an, Fuyi, Yingpu, Duliang, Lingdao, Quanling, Taoyang, and Zhongwu.
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西
Hanzhong Commandery had 101,570 households and 300,614 people. Counties (12): Xicheng, Xunyang, Nanzheng, Baozhong, Fangling,
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Additional counties: Anyang, Chenggu, Mianyang, Yang, Wuling, Shangyong, and Changli.
113
綿
Guanghan Commandery had 167,499 households and 662,249 people. Counties (13): Zitong, Zhifang, Fu, Luo, Mianzhu, Guanghan, Jiaming, Qi, Xindu, Diandao, Baishui, Gangdidao, and Yinpingdao.
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Shu Commandery had 268,279 households and 1,245,929 people. Counties (15): Chengdu, Pi, Fan, Guangdu, Linqiong, Qingyi, Jiangyuan, Yandao,
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綿
Additional counties: Miansi, Maoniu, Xi, Jiandidao, Wenjiang, Guangrou, and Canling.
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Jianwei Commandery had 109,419 households and 489,486 people. Counties (12): Bodao, Jiangyang, Wuyang, Nan'an, Zizhong, Fu, Niupi, Nanguang, Hanyang, Yinxian, Zhuti, and Tanglang.
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Yuexi Commandery had 61,208 households and 408,405 people. Counties (15): Qiongdu, Suijiu, Lingguandao, Taideng, Dingzuo, Huiwu, Zuoqin, Dazuo, Gufu, Sanjiang, Sushi, Lan, Beishui, Ganjie, and Qingling.
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Yizhou Commandery had 81,946 households and 580,463 people. Counties (24): Dianchi, Shuangbo, Tonglao, Tonglai, Lianran, Yuyuan,
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Additional counties: Shoumi, Guchang, Qinzang, Xielong, Wei, Kunze, Yeyu, Lugao, Buwei, Yunnan, Suetang, Nongdong, Bisu, Bengu, Wuzhuo, Shengxiu, Jianling, and Laiwei.
120
西稿
Zangke Commandery had 24,219 households and 153,360 people. Counties (17): Guqielan, Tanfeng, Bie, Louwo, Pingyi, Tongbing, Tanzhi, Wanwen, Wulian, Yelang, Wudan, Loujiang, Xisui, Dumeng, Tangao, Jinsang, and Juding.
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Ba Commandery had 158,643 households and 708,148 people. Counties (11): Jiangzhou, Linjiang, Zhi, Langzhong, Dianjiang, Quren, Anhan, Dangqu, Yufu, Chongguo, and Fuling.
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