1
千乘哀王建
Prince Ai of Qiansheng, Liu Jian.
2
千乘哀王建，永平三年封。 明年薨。 年少無子，國除。
Liu Jian, posthumously honored as Prince Ai of Qiansheng, received his fief in the third year of Yongping (60 CE). He died the following year. He was still young and left no heir, so the kingdom was abolished.
3
陳敬王羨
Prince Jing of Chen, Liu Xian.
4
陳敬王羨，永平三年封廣平王。 建初三年，有司奏遣羨與鉅鹿王恭、樂成王黨俱就國。 肅宗性篤愛，不忍與諸王乖離，遂皆留京師。 明年，案輿地圖，令諸國戶口皆等，租入歲各八千萬。 羨博涉經書，有威嚴，與諸儒講論於白虎殿。
Liu Xian, later honored as Prince Jing of Chen, was first made Prince of Guangping in the third year of Yongping (60 CE). In 78 CE officials asked that Liu Xian be sent to his fief together with the Princes of Julu and Lecheng so that all would take up residence in their kingdoms. Emperor Zhang was deeply attached to his brothers and could not bear to part with them, so every prince was allowed to remain at the capital. The next year the court consulted the territorial register and equalized the registered households of each princedom so that annual revenue from rents was set at eighty million cash for every kingdom. Liu Xian read widely in the canon, carried himself with commanding presence, and joined other scholars in disputation in the White Tiger Hall.
5
注[一]廣平，縣，故城在今洺州永年縣北。 注[二]西平，縣，屬汝南郡也。
Note 1: Guangping was a county; its old city lay north of present-day Yongnian in Hebei. Note 2: Xiping County lay within Runan commandery.
6
鈞立，多不法，遂行天子大射禮。 [一]性隱賊，喜文法，國相二千石不與相得者，輒陰中之。 憎怨敬王夫人李儀等，永元十一年，遂使客隗久[二]殺儀家屬。
Once Liu Jun succeeded, his conduct was often lawless; he even staged the grand archery ceremony reserved for the emperor. He was by nature devious and cruel, relished legalistic wrangling, and whenever a chancellor of two-thousand-dan rank crossed him, he would find a covert way to ruin the man. Nursing a grudge against Prince Jing's lady Li Yi and her kin, in 99 CE he sent his agent Wei Jiu (or Wen) to murder her entire household.
7
吏捕得久，系長平獄。 [三]鈞欲斷絕辭語，復使結客篡殺久。 事發覺，有司舉奏，鈞坐削西華、項、新陽三縣。 [四]十二年，封鈞六弟為列侯。 [五]後鈞取掖庭出女李嬈為小妻，[六]復坐削圉、宜祿、扶溝三縣。 [七]永初七年，封敬王孫安國為耕亭侯。 注[一]天子將祭，擇士而祭，謂之大射。 大射之禮，張三侯，虎侯、熊侯、豹侯，示服猛也，皆以其皮方制之。 樂用騶虞，九節。 謝承書曰「陳國戶曹史高慎諫國相曰：『諸侯射豕，天子射熊，八彝六樽，禮數不同。 昔季氏設朱干玉戚以舞大夏。 左傳曰：「唯名與器，不可以假人。 」奢僭之漸，不可聽也。 』於是諫爭不合，為王所非，坐司寇罪」也。
The authorities seized Wei Jiu and threw him into the jail at Changping. Liu Jun tried to silence the witness and hired assassins to spring Jiu from custody and murder him. The plot came to light; after officials reported it, Liu Jun was punished by forfeiture of the three counties of Xihua, Xiang, and Xinyang. In 100 CE his six younger brothers were each made full marquises. He later took Lady Li Rao, a woman dismissed from the imperial harem, as a concubine and again lost the three counties of Yu, Yilu, and Fugou as a penalty. In 113 CE Liu Anguo, a grandson of Prince Jing, was enfeoffed as Marquis of Gengting. Note 1: Before the emperor sacrifices, he selects officers for the ritual; that selection rite is the grand archery. The ceremony sets up three hides—the tiger, bear, and leopard targets—emblems of mastery over the fierce, each cut square from the animal's pelt. The musicians play "Zouyu" in nine sections. Xie Cheng records that Gao Shen, a clerk in the Chen revenue office, warned his chancellor: "Marquises shoot at pigs; the emperor shoots at bears; eight sacrificial goblets versus six wine vessels—the scales of ritual differ." Long ago the Ji family danced the Great Xia with crimson shields and jade halberds. The Zuo Tradition says, "Regalia and ritual insignia must never be loaned out." To allow this slide toward luxury and presumption would be intolerable. His protests were ignored, the prince turned on him, and he was convicted on a charge handled by the Minister of Justice.
8
注[二]「久」或作「文」。 注[三]長平，縣，屬陳國。
Note 2: Some texts write the name as Wen instead of Jiu. Note 3: Changping County lay within the princedom of Chen.
9
注[四]西華故城在今陳州□水縣西北。 項，今陳州項城縣也。 新陽故城在今豫州真陽縣西南也。
Note 4: The old seat of Xihua lay northwest of the Shangshui county seat in Chenzhou (one character missing in the received text). Xiang is present-day Xiangcheng in Henan. The old town of Xinyang stood southwest of Zhenyang in southern Henan.
10
注[五]伏侯古今注曰「番為陽都鄉侯，千秋為新平侯，參為周亭侯，壽為樂陽亭侯，寶為博平侯，旦為高亭侯」也。
Note 5: The Fuhou commentary lists the six brothers' marquisates: Yangdu village, Xinping, Zhouting village, Leyang village, Boping, and Gaoting.
11
注[六]嬈音寧了反。 注[七]圉、扶溝並屬陳留都。 宜祿屬汝南郡。
Note 6: The graph read rao is pronounced with the ning-liao fanqie gloss, an entering-tone reading. Note 7: Yu and Fugou both lay in Chenliu commandery; the commentary writes the graph for metropolis where other texts have the word for commandery. Yilu lay in Runan commandery.
12
鈞立二十一年薨，子懷王竦嗣。 立二年薨，無子，國絕。
After twenty-one years on the throne Liu Jun died and was succeeded by his son Liu Song, posthumously Prince Huai. He reigned only two years and left no heir, so the line lapsed.
13
承薨，子愍王寵嗣。 熹平二年，國相師遷追奏前相魏愔與寵共祭天神，希幸非冀，罪至不道。 有司奏遣使者案驗。 是時新誅勃海王悝，[一]靈帝不忍復加法，詔檻車傳送愔、遷詣北寺詔獄，使中常侍王酺[二]與尚書令、侍御史雜考。 愔辭與王共祭黃老君，求長生福而已，無它冀幸。 酺等奏愔職在匡正，而所為不端，遷誣告其王，罔以不道，皆誅死。 有詔赦寵不案。 注[一]靈帝熹平元年，悝被誣謀反自殺也。
When Liu Cheng died, his son Liu Chong succeeded as Prince Min. In 173 CE Chancellor Shi Qian charged his predecessor Wei Yin with having joined Liu Chong in illicit sacrifices to heaven, seeking unlawful blessings—a crime deemed unfilial and subversive. The ministry asked that imperial agents be dispatched to investigate. The Prince of Bohai had just been forced to suicide; Emperor Ling shrank from another harsh sentence on a kinsman. He had Yin and Shi Qian carted to the Northern Office jail and ordered the eunuch Wang Pu (or Fu) to join the secretariat director and palace censors in a joint inquiry. Wei Yin testified that he and the prince had merely offered cult to the Yellow Lord and Laozi for longevity, with no ulterior designs. Wang Pu's panel ruled that Wei Yin had failed his duty as moral tutor, while Shi Qian had slandered his prince with capital charges; both were executed. An edict spared Liu Chong further prosecution. Note 1: In 172 CE the Prince of Bohai was accused of rebellion and took his own life.
14
注[二]華嶠書及宦者傳諸本並作「甫」，此云「酺」，未詳孰是也。
Note 2: Hua Qiao and the Treatise on Eunuchs read the name as Fu; this passage has Pu—the correct form is uncertain.
15
寵善弩射，十發十中，中皆同處。 [一]中平中，黃巾賊起，郡縣皆□城走，寵有強弩數千張，出軍都亭。 [二]國人素聞王善射，不敢反叛，故陳獨得完，百姓歸之者觿十余萬人。 及獻帝初，義兵起，寵率觿屯陽夏，[三]自稱輔漢大將軍。 國相會稽駱俊素有威恩，時天下饑荒，鄰郡人多歸就之，俊傾資賑贍，並得全活。 後袁術求糧於陳而俊拒絕之，術忿恚，遣客詐殺俊及寵，陳由是破敗。 [四]注[一]華嶠書曰：「寵射，其秘法以天覆地載，參連為奇。 又有三微﹑三小。 三微為經，三小為緯，經緯相將，萬勝之方，然要在機牙。」
Liu Chong was a master of the crossbow: ten shafts, ten bull's-eyes, every bolt clustering in the same spot. During the Zhongping era (184–189 CE) the Yellow Turbans rose; county seats everywhere emptied as officials fled. Chong mustered thousands of heavy crossbows and encamped his guard at the metropolitan pavilion. The populace knew their prince could shoot, so they never turned bandit; Chen alone stayed intact, and well over a hundred thousand refugees flocked to him. At the start of Emperor Xian's reign he raised an army, camped at Yangxia, and styled himself Grand General in Aid of the Han. His chancellor Luo Jun of Kuaiji was beloved and feared in equal measure. Famine gripped the empire, and neighbors poured into Chen; Luo Jun spent his own fortune on relief and kept them alive. Yuan Shu later demanded grain and Luo Jun rebuffed him. Shu sent assassins who murdered both the chancellor and the prince, and the kingdom of Chen collapsed. Hua Qiao records his technique: stances called "sky covering" and "earth bearing," with a triple-linked "odd" formation. There were also the "three subtleties" and the "three fines." The subtleties formed the warp, the fines the weft; woven together they were the key to unfailing hits—but the real secret lay in the release of the trigger."
16
注[二]置軍營於國之都亭也。 注[三]縣名，屬淮陽國。 夏音公雅反。
Note 2: He quartered troops at the princedom's metropolitan pavilion. Note 3: Yangxia was a county in the old kingdom of Huaiyang. In the place-name Yangxia the second syllable is read with the gong-ya fanqie gloss.
17
注[四]謝承書曰：「俊字孝遠，烏傷人。 察孝廉，補尚書侍郎，擢拜陳國相。 人有產子，厚致米肉，達府主意，生男女者，以駱為名。 袁術使部曲將張闓陽私行到陳，之俊所，俊往從飲酒，因詐殺俊，一郡吏人哀號如喪父母。」
Xie Cheng describes him: "Luo Jun, courtesy name Xiaoyuan, from Wushang." Recommended as filial and incorrupt, he rose from secretariat clerk to chancellor of Chen. He sent generous gifts of grain and meat to every newborn household so that parents named sons and daughters "Luo" in gratitude. Yuan Shu sent his officer Zhang Kai to Chen on a covert mission; Luo Jun went to drink with him, and Kai treacherously slew him, whereupon the whole commandery wailed as if for parents.
18
是時諸國無復租祿，而數見虜奪，并日而食，轉死溝壑者甚觿。 夫人姬妾多為丹* (陽) **[陵]*兵烏桓所略雲。
Princes no longer received stipends from the court and were repeatedly plundered; many ate only every other day and perished in the ditches. Women of the inner quarters were frequently abducted; the manuscript breaks off after the first syllable of a place-name. The next fragment reads the syllable yang in parentheses, evidently completing the place-name Danyang. The damaged text continues with troops (perhaps Danyang soldiers) reportedly carried off by Wuhuan raiders.
19
彭城靖王恭
Prince Jing of Pengcheng, Liu Gong.
20
彭城靖王恭，永平九年賜號靈壽王。 [一]十五年，封為鉅鹿王。 建初三年，徙封江陵王，改南郡為國。 元和二年，三公上言江陵在京師正南，不可以封，乃徙為六安王，以廬江郡為國。 肅宗崩，遺詔徙封彭城王，食楚郡，其年就國。
Liu Gong, later Prince Jing of Pengcheng, received the honorary title Prince of Lingshou in 66 CE. In 72 CE he was made Prince of Julu. In 78 CE his title was shifted to Prince of Jiangling, with Nan commandery converted into his princedom. In 85 CE the Three Excellencies objected that a capital directly south of Luoyang could not host a prince, so he became Prince of Lu'an with Lujiang commandery as his fief. Emperor Zhang's will moved him to Pengcheng with Chu commandery as his appanage, and he took up residence the same year.
21
恭敦厚威重，舉動有節度，吏人敬愛之。 永初六年，封恭子阿奴為竹邑侯。 [二]注[一]取其美名也，下重熹王亦同。 東觀記曰「賜號，未有國邑」也。
Liu Gong was stolid, dignified, and measured in every gesture; officials and commoners alike held him in affection and awe. In 112 CE his son Liu Anu was enfeoffed as Marquis of Zhuyi. Note 1: The initial grant used an honorific place-name; the same pattern applies to the Prince of Chongxi (Liu Dang) treated later in this chapter. The Eastern Lodge Annals note that at first he held an honorific title but no territorial fief.
22
注[二]竹邑，縣，屬沛郡，故城在今徐州符離縣也。 「竹邑」或為「邕」字，轉寫誤也。
Note 2: Zhuyi County was in Pei commandery; its old city lay in what is now Fuli, Xuzhou. Some manuscripts miscopy the placename Zhuyi as a homophonous graph meaning harmonious consonance.
23
元初三年，恭以事怒子酺，酺自殺。 [一]國相趙牧以狀上，因誣奏恭祠祀惡言，大逆不道。 有司奏請誅之。 恭上書自訟。 朝廷以其素著行義，令考實，無征，牧坐下獄，會赦免死。 [二]注[一]東觀記曰：「恭子男丁前*[妻]*物故，酺侮慢丁小妻，恭怒，閉酺馬廄，酺亡，夜詣彭城縣欲上書，恭遣從官倉頭曉令歸，數責之，乃自殺也。」
In 116 CE Liu Gong quarreled with his son Liu Pu over a domestic matter, and the young man killed himself. Chancellor Zhao Mu sent up a report, then falsely accused Liu Gong of uttering sacrilegious words at a shrine—capital treason. The ministry recommended his execution. Liu Gong memorialized in his own defense. The court knew his reputation for integrity, ordered a thorough inquiry, found no evidence, and jailed Zhao Mu; an amnesty spared him execution. The Eastern Lodge Annals relate that Liu Pu had slighted his late brother Ding's concubine; the prince locked him in the stable. He fled at night to petition at the county seat, was escorted home at daybreak and sharply rebuked, and then took his own life.
24
注[二]決錄注曰：「牧字仲師，長安人。 少知名，以公正稱。 修春秋，事樂恢。
The Juelu commentary identifies Zhao Mu, courtesy name Zhongshi, from Chang'an. He was known young for impartiality. He studied the Spring and Autumn Annals under Le Hui.
25
恢以直諫死，牧為陳冤得申。 高第為侍御史﹑會稽太守，皆有稱績。 及誣奏恭，安帝疑其侵，乃遣御史母丘歆覆案其事實，下牧廷尉，會赦不誅，終於家。」
When Le Hui died for his blunt remonstrance, Zhao Mu petitioned until his wrong was redressed. He ranked at the top of the selection lists as palace censor and as governor of Kuaiji, earning a strong reputation in both posts. After he framed Liu Gong, Emperor An suspected overreach and sent the censor Muqiu Xin to reopen the case; Zhao Mu was remanded to the Commandant of Justice but escaped execution under an amnesty and died at home.
26
道立二十八年薨，子頃王定嗣。 本初元年，封定兄弟九人皆為亭侯。 [一]注[一]東觀記曰「定兄據卞亭侯，弟光昭陽亭侯，固公梁亭侯，興蒲亭侯，延昌城亭侯，祀梁父亭侯，堅西安亭侯，代林亭侯」也。
Liu Dao reigned twenty-eight years and was succeeded by his son Liu Ding, posthumously Prince Qing. In 146 CE nine of Liu Ding's brothers received village marquisates. Note 1: The Eastern Lodge Annals enumerate Ding's brothers' village marquisates: Bian, Zhaoyang, Gongliang, Pu, Changcheng, Liangfu, Xi'an, and Lin.
27
定立四年薨，子孝王和嗣。 和性至孝，太夫人薨，行喪陵次，毀胔過禮。 傅相以聞。 桓帝詔使奉牛酒迎王還宮。 和敬賢樂施，國中愛之。 初平中，天下大亂，和為賊昌務所攻，避奔東阿，後得還國。
Liu Ding died after four years and was succeeded by his son Liu He, posthumously Prince Xiao. Liu He was deeply filial; when his mother died he kept vigil at her tumulus and wasted away beyond what ritual prescribed. His tutor and chancellor reported the matter to the throne. Emperor Huan sent messengers with cattle and wine to escort the prince back to his residence. Liu He respected men of talent and gave freely; his subjects cherished him for it. During the turmoil of Chuping (190–193 CE) he was driven out by the warlord Chang Wu, fled to Dong'e, and eventually regained his seat at Pengcheng.
28
立六十四年薨，孫祗嗣。 立七年，魏受禪，以為崇德侯。
After a reign of sixty-four years he died and was succeeded by his grandson Liu Zhi. Seven years later the Han yielded to Wei, and Liu Zhi was reduced to Marquis of Chongde.
29
樂成靖王黨
Prince Jing of Lecheng, Liu Dang.
30
樂成靖王黨，永平九年賜號重熹王，十五年封樂成王。 黨聰惠，善史書，喜正文字。 與肅宗同年，尤相親愛。 建初四年，以清河之遊﹑觀津，勃海之東光﹑成平，涿郡之中水﹑饒陽﹑安平﹑南深澤八縣益樂成國。 [一]及帝崩，其年就國。 黨急刻不遵法度。 舊禁宮人出嫁，不得適諸國。 有故掖庭技人哀置，嫁為男子章初妻，[二]黨召哀置入宮與通，初欲上書告之，黨恐懼，乃密賂哀置姊焦使殺初。 事發覺，黨乃縊殺內侍三人，以絕口語。 又取故中山簡王傅婢李羽生為小妻。 永元七年，國相舉奏之。 和帝詔削東光﹑鄡二縣。 [三]注[一]前書及郡國志清河無游縣。 觀津故城在今德州蓨縣東北，東光在滄州東光縣南，成平在景城縣南，中水在今瀛州樂壽縣西北，南深澤在今定州深澤縣東也。
Liu Dang received the honorific title Prince of Chongxi in 66 CE and became Prince of Lecheng in 72 CE. He was bright and deft, excelled at the clerical hand, and took pleasure in emending characters. He was born the same year as Emperor Zhang, and the two brothers were exceptionally close. In 79 CE eight counties from Qinghe, Bohai, and Zhuo were added to his appanage to enlarge the kingdom of Lecheng. When the emperor died later that same year, he left the capital for his fief. Liu Dang was severe and arbitrary and scanted the law. An old rule barred former palace women from entering princely households through marriage. A onetime court musician named Ai Zhi had married Zhang Chu; Liu Dang called her into the inner palace for an affair. When Chu threatened to petition, the prince panicked and paid Ai Zhi's sister Jiao to murder him. Once the plot surfaced, he strangled three palace servants to silence witnesses. He also took Li Yusheng, a maidservant from the establishment of Prince Jian of Zhongshan's tutor, as a concubine. In 95 CE his chancellor impeached him to the throne. Emperor He punished him by confiscating Dongguang and Qiao counties. Note 1: Neither the Han shu geography nor the Hou Han treatise lists a You county in Qinghe. Guanjin's old site lay northeast of present Xiu in Hebei; the other seats are located as the commentary indicates across Hebei and Shandong.
31
注[二]哀，姓； 置，名也。 稱男子者，無官爵也。
Note 2: Ai is the surname; Zhi was her personal name. The text calls Zhang Chu a commoner because he held no title or office.
32
注[三]鄡縣屬鉅鹿郡。 鄡音羌堯反。
Note 3: Qiao lay within Julu commandery. The syllable Qiao is spelled out with the qiang-yao fanqie reading.
33
立二十五年薨，子哀王崇嗣。 立二月薨，無子，國絕。
Liu Dang reigned twenty-five years and was succeeded by his son Liu Chong, posthumously Prince Ai. He died after two months without an heir, and the kingdom lapsed.
34
明年，和帝立崇兄修侯巡為樂成王，是為厘王。 [一]立十五年薨，子隱王賓嗣。
The following year Emperor He revived the line by making Liu Xun, Marquis of Xiu and Liu Chong's elder brother, Prince of Lecheng, later honored as Prince Li. Liu Xun reigned fifteen years and was succeeded by his son Liu Bin, posthumously Prince Yin.
35
立八年薨，無子，國絕。 注[一]修縣* (及) **[即]*條縣，* (皆) *屬勃海。 條字或作「修」。
Eight years later he too died without an heir and the fief was again suspended. Note 1: The commentary cites Xiu County where the manuscript is damaged. The lacuna continues with the conjunction and. The gloss identifies the county as Tiao, with the manuscript damaged. The next fragment marks both as belonging together. Those seats all lay in Bohai commandery. Some editions write the county name as Xiu instead of Tiao.
36
明年，復立濟北惠王子萇為樂成王后。 萇到國數月，驕淫不法，愆過累積，冀州刺史與國相舉奏萇罪至不道。 安帝詔曰：「萇有靦其面，而放逸其心。 [一]知陵廟至重，承繼有禮，不惟致敬之節，肅穆之慎，乃敢擅損犧牲，不備苾芬。 [二]慢易大姬，不震厥教。 [三]出入顛覆，風淫於家，娉取人妻，饋遺婢妾。 毆擊吏人，專己凶暴。 愆罪莫大，甚可恥也。 朕覽八辟之議，不忍致之於理。 [四]其貶萇爵為臨湖侯。 [五]朕無『則哲』之明，致簡統失序，罔以尉承大姬，增懷永歎。 」[六]注[一]靦，姡也。 言面姡然無媿。 姡音胡八反。
A year later the court re-established the kingdom under Liu Chang, a son of Prince Hui of Jibei. Within months of his arrival Liu Chang flouted every rule; the provincial governor and his chancellor impeached him for conduct worthy of capital charges. Emperor An proclaimed: "Liu Chang is shameless in countenance and unrestrained in mind. He understands how grave the ancestral cult is and how orderly inheritance must be, yet he skimps on oxen and sheep and lets the incense of the offerings go wanting. He insults his adoptive mother and ignores her discipline. He turns the palace upside down, debauches his inner quarters, abducts wives of others, and lavishes bribes on servant girls. He beats officials and subjects alike, ruling by caprice and terror. His offenses admit no excuse; the disgrace is extreme. After weighing the eight mitigating categories in the Zhou statutes, I shrink from sending him to the executioner. He is therefore demoted to Marquis of Linhu. I do not possess the sage's gift for judging character, and my mismanagement has unsettled the succession and grieved his nominal mother beyond measure. The edict ends here; the commentary glosses the word for shamelessness as mian. That is, he looked unabashed. The commentary syllable is pronounced with the hu-ba fanqie gloss.
37
注[二]詩小雅曰：「苾苾芬芬，祀事孔明。」
Note 2: The Book of Odes praises offerings as "fragrant indeed" when the ritual is flawless.
38
注[三]大姬即萇所繼之母。 震，懼也。
Note 3: The "great lady" is Liu Chang's adoptive mother. The verb means to stand in awe.
39
注[四]周禮司寇：「以八辟麗邦法：一曰議親之辟，二曰議故之辟，三曰議賢之辟，四曰議能之辟，五曰議功之辟，六曰議貴之辟，七曰議勤之辟，八曰議賓之辟。」
Note 4: The Rites of Zhou list eight grounds on which punishment may be moderated for kinsmen, old friends, worthies, and the like.
40
注[五]臨湖屬廬江郡。
Note 5: Linhu County lay in Lujiang commandery.
41
注[六]袁宏《紀》曰：「尚書侍郎冷宏議，以為自非聖人，不能無過，故王太子生，為立賢師傅以訓導之。 是以目不見惡，耳不聞非，能保其社稷，高明令終。 萇少長藩國，內無過庭之訓，外無師傅之道，血氣方剛，卒受榮爵，幾微生過，遂陷不義。 臣聞周官議親，憃愚見赦。 萇不殺無辜，以譴呵為非，無赫赫大惡，可裁削奪損其租賦，令得改過自新，革心向道。 」案黃香集，香與宏共奏，此香之辭也。
Note 6: Yuan Hong records Leng Hong's plea that princes need moral tutors because even sages err. With wise guidance the heir hears and sees no vice, and the altars remain secure. Liu Chang was raised in a palace without the discipline of tutors at court or in the fief; young, proud, and suddenly ennobled, small lapses soon became grave crimes. The statutes provide that even dull-witted kinsmen may be spared through the "deliberation for kin." He murdered no innocents and his worst faults are youthful arrogance rather than towering villainy; stripping his rents would punish him yet leave room for reform. Huang Xiang's literary collection shows that Huang Xiang co-signed this memorial with Leng Hong and that the language is Huang Xiang's.
42
延光元年，以河閒孝王子得嗣靖王后。 以樂成比廢絕，故改國曰安平，是為安平孝王。
In 122 CE Liu De, a son of Prince Xiao of Hejian, was transferred to continue the cut-off line of Prince Jing of Lecheng. The kingdom was renamed Anping to mark a fresh start after Lecheng's repeated extinction; Liu De is honored as Prince Xiao of Anping.
43
立三十年薨，子續立。 中平元年，黃巾賊起，為所劫質，囚於廣宗。 [一]賊平復國。 其年秋，坐不道被誅。 立三十四年，國除。 注[一]今貝州宗城縣也，隨室諱改焉。
He reigned thirty years and was succeeded by his son Liu Xu. When the rebellion erupted in 184 CE, the prince was seized as a hostage and held at Guangzong. After the rebels were crushed he returned to his throne. The same autumn he was put to death for capital crimes. Thirty-four years of rule ended with the abolition of his fief. Note 1: Guangzong corresponds to present-day Zongcheng in southern Hebei, renamed under the Sui to avoid an imperial taboo.
44
下邳惠王衍
Prince Hui of Xiapi, Liu Yan.
45
下邳惠王衍，永平十五年封。 衍有容貌，肅宗即位，常在左右。 建初初冠，詔賜衍師傅已下官屬金帛各有差。 四年，以臨淮郡及九江之鐘離﹑當塗﹑東城﹑歷陽﹑全椒合十七縣益下邳國。 [一]帝崩，其年就國。 衍後病荒忽，而太子卬有罪廢，諸姬爭欲立子為嗣，連上書相告言。 和帝憐之，使彭城靖王恭至下邳正其嫡庶，立子成為太子。 [二]注[一]鐘離在今豪州鐘離縣東。 當塗在縣西南。 東城在定遠縣東南。 歷陽，和州縣也。 全椒，今滁州縣也。
Liu Yan received Xiapi in the fifteenth year of Yongping (72 CE). Handsome and winning, he was seldom away from Emperor Zhang after the latter ascended the throne. At his capping in the early Jianchu era the court showered gold and silk on his tutors and household staff in graded gifts. In 79 CE seventeen counties from Linhuai and Jiujiang were added to enlarge the kingdom of Xiapi. When the emperor died he left for his fief the same year. Liu Yan later lost his wits, and after Crown Prince Liu Ang was deposed for crime his consorts fought to install their own sons, bombarding the court with mutual accusations. Emperor He took pity and dispatched Liu Gong of Pengcheng to settle the succession, naming Liu Cheng crown prince. Note 1: Ancient Zhongli lay east of present Zhongli in Anhui (commentary writes Hao for Chu). Dangtu stood southwest of the county town. Dongcheng lay southeast of present Dingyuan. Liyang is the seat in modern Chaohu (Hezhou). Quanjiao is today's Quanjiao county under Chuzhou.
46
注[二]東觀記載賜恭詔曰：「皇帝問彭城王始夏無恙。 蓋聞堯親九族，萬國協和，書典之所美也。 下邳王被病沉滯之疾，昏亂不明，家用不寧，姬妾適庶，諸子分爭，紛紛至今。 前太子卬頑凶失道，陷於大辟，是後諸子更相誣告，迄今適嗣未知所定，朕甚傷之。 惟王與下邳王恩義至親，正此國嗣，非王而誰？ 禮重適庶之序，春秋之義大居正。 孔子曰：『惟仁者能好人，能惡人。 』貴仁者所好惡得其中也。 太子國之儲嗣，可不慎歟！ 王其差次下邳諸子可為太子者上名，將及景風拜授印綬焉。」
Note 2: The Eastern Lodge Annals quote Emperor He's letter to Liu Gong opening with seasonal greetings. The classics praise Yao for harmonizing the realm by cherishing his kin. The Prince of Xiapi is senile; his harem is in chaos as principal wives and concubines promote rival sons. Crown Prince Ang proved vicious and paid with his life; since then every princeling has slandered the rest, and no lawful heir has been settled, which grieves Us deeply. You and the Prince of Xiapi are closest in blood; who but you can settle his house? Ritual privileges the true-born heir, and the Spring and Autumn tradition exalts the legitimate line. Confucius said that only the humane know whom to love and whom to reject. For a gentleman, love and hatred stay within the bounds of justice. The crown prince is the bulwark of the kingdom; the choice admits no negligence. Rank the eligible sons of Xiapi and memorialize their names; We shall bestow seals and ribbons at the midsummer Jingfeng audience.
47
衍立五十四年薨，子貞王成嗣。 永建元年，封成兄二人及惠王孫二人皆為列侯。
Liu Yan reigned fifty-four years and was succeeded by Liu Cheng, posthumously Prince Zhen. In 126 CE two of Liu Cheng's elder brothers and two grandsons of Prince Hui were each made full marquises.
48
成立二年薨，子愍王意嗣。 陽嘉元年，封意弟八人為鄉﹑亭侯。 中平元年，意遭黃巾，□國走。 賊平復國，數月薨。 立五十七年，年九十。
Liu Cheng died after two years and was succeeded by Liu Yi, posthumously Prince Min. In 132 CE eight of Liu Yi's younger brothers received village or pavilion marquisates. In 184 CE Liu Yi fled his capital before the Yellow Turbans (the verb is damaged in the manuscript). He returned after the rebellion but died within a few months. He had reigned fifty-seven years and died at ninety.
49
子哀王宜嗣，數月薨，無子，建安十一年國除。
His son Liu Yi, the Prince Ai whose name is written with the graph yi meaning fitting, survived him only months without an heir, and the line ended in 206 CE.
50
梁節王暢
Prince Jie of Liang, Liu Chang.
51
梁節王暢，永平十五年封為汝南王。 母陰貴人有寵，暢尤被愛幸，國土租入倍於諸國。 肅宗立，緣先帝之意，賞賜恩寵甚篤。 建初二年，封暢舅陰棠為西陵侯。 [一]四年，徙為梁王，以陳留之郾﹑寧陵，濟陰之薄﹑單父﹑己氏﹑成武，凡六縣，益梁國。 [二]帝崩，其年就國。 注[一]西陵，縣，屬江夏郡。
Liu Chang was first made Prince of Runan in 72 CE. Because his mother Lady Yin was a favorite of the emperor, Liu Chang was doubly cherished and his kingdom drew twice the revenue of other princes. When Emperor Zhang came to the throne he heaped gifts on Liu Chang in keeping with his father's wishes. In 77 CE his uncle Yin Tang received the marquisate of Xiling. In 79 CE he became Prince of Liang, gaining six counties from Chenliu and Jiyin to swell his appanage. He left for his fief the year the emperor died. Note 1: Xiling County lay in Jiangxia commandery.
52
注[二]□，今許州郾陵縣也。 寧陵，今宋州縣也。 薄故城在今曹州考城縣東北。 單父，今宋州縣也。 己氏，今宋州楚丘縣也。 成武，今曹州縣也。
Note 2: The county glossed here is modern Yanling in Henan (one graph missing in the manuscript). Ningling is now under Shangqiu (Songzhou). Ancient Bo lay northeast of present Kaocheng in Shandong. Shanfu is now a county under Shangqiu. Jishi corresponds to Chuqiu in Henan. Chengwu is now under Heze (Caozhou).
53
暢性聰惠，然少貴驕，頗不遵法度。 歸國後，數有惡夢，從官卞忌自言能使六丁，善占夢，[一]暢數使卜筮。 又暢乳母王禮等，因此自言能見鬼神事，遂共佔氣，祠祭求福。 忌等諂媚，雲神言王當為天子。 暢心喜，與相應荅。 永元五年，豫州刺史梁相舉奏暢不道，考訊，辭不服。 有司請征暢詣廷尉詔獄，和帝不許。 有司重奏除暢國，徙九真，帝不忍，但削成武﹑單父二縣。 暢籩懼，上疏辭謝曰：「臣天性狂愚，生在深宮，長養傅母之手，信惑左右之言。 及至歸國，不知防禁。 從官侍史利臣財物，熒惑臣暢。 臣暢無所昭見，與相然諾，不自知陷死罪，以至考案。 肌栗心悸，自悔無所復及。 自謂當實時伏顯誅，魂魄去身，分歸黃泉。 不意陛下聖德，枉法曲平，不聽有司，[二]橫貸赦臣。 戰慄連月，未敢自安。 上念以負先帝而令陛下為臣收污天下，[三]誠無氣以息，筋骨不相連。 臣暢知大貸不可再得，自誓束身約妻子，不敢復出入失繩墨，不敢復有所橫費。 租入有餘，乞裁食睢陽﹑谷孰﹑虞﹑蒙﹑寧陵五縣，還余所食四縣。 臣暢小妻三十七人，其無子者願還本家。 自選擇謹□奴婢二百人，其餘所受虎賁﹑官騎及諸工技﹑鼓吹﹑倉頭﹑奴婢﹑兵弩﹑廄馬皆上還本署。 臣暢以骨肉近親，亂聖化，污清流，既得生活，誠無心面目以凶惡復居大宮，食大國，張官屬，藏什物。 願陛下加大恩，開臣自悔之門，假臣小善之路，令天下知臣蒙恩，得去死就生，頗能自悔。 臣以公卿所奏臣罪惡詔書常置於前，晝夜誦讀。 臣小人，貪見明時，不能實時自引，惟陛下哀臣，令得喘息漏刻。 若不聽許，臣實無顏以久生，下入黃泉，無以見先帝。 此誠臣至心。 臣欲多還所受，恐天恩不聽許，節量所留，於臣暢饒足。 」詔報曰：「朕惟王至親之屬，淳淑之美，傅相不良，不能防邪，至令有司紛紛有言。 今王深思悔過，端自克責，朕惻然傷之。 志匪由* (於) **[王]*，咎在彼小子。 [四]一日克己復禮，天下歸仁。 王其安心靜意，茂率休德。 易不雲乎：『一謙而四益。 小有言，終吉。 』[五]強食自愛。 」暢固讓，章數上，卒不許。 注[一]六丁謂六甲中丁神也。 若甲子旬中，則丁卯為神，甲寅旬中，則丁巳為神之類也。 役使之法，先齋戒，然後其神至，可使致遠方物及知吉凶也。
Liu Chang was bright but spoiled, highborn and arrogant, and often flouted the law. Once in his kingdom he suffered nightmares; his retainer Bian Ji claimed mastery of the six Ding gods and dream divination, and the prince consulted him again and again. His nurse Wang Li and her circle claimed they could see spirits; together they read omens and offered illicit sacrifices for good fortune. They flattered him with forged spirit messages that he was destined for the throne. Liu Chang welcomed the lie and played along. In 93 CE provincial and kingdom officials impeached him for capital crimes; under torture he still protested innocence. The ministry asked to haul him to the capital prison, but Emperor He refused. They renewed their plea to abolish his kingdom and banish him to the far south; the emperor relented and punished him only by taking Chengwu and Shanfu. Terror-stricken, Liu Chang memorialized: "I was born foolish, raised inside the palace by nurses, and I believed the gossip of those around me. Once I reached my fief I did not understand what was forbidden. Retainers and clerks who coveted my wealth fed me lies. I lacked judgment, nodded along, and did not realize I had committed a capital offense until the inquiry began. I trembled with regret too late to undo the harm. I expected to die at once and join the shades below. I never dreamed Your Majesty would bend the statute, overrule the ministry, and spare me. For months I have shaken with fear and cannot rest. I have shamed my father's memory and blackened Your Majesty's name; I scarcely breathe and feel my body falling apart. I know I cannot count on mercy twice: I vow to discipline myself and my household, spend nothing unwisely, and never again step outside the law. My revenues still exceed my needs; I ask leave to yield five counties and keep only four for my maintenance. Of my thirty-seven concubines, those who bore no sons may go home to their kin. I will keep two hundred trustworthy domestics; every guard, groom, artisan, musician, and horse I received from the court I send back to the agencies that issued them. As your kinsman I have corrupted public morals; having been spared I cannot bear to keep a princely household, vast revenues, or a full retinue. Grant me a way to show repentance so the empire may see that Your Majesty raised me from death to life and that I mean to mend my ways. I keep the indictment the ministers filed and Your edict on my desk and read them night and day. I am too base to withdraw of my own accord; I beg only a little time to breathe before I answer for myself. If you refuse, I cannot live with the shame or face my father in the grave. This is the utmost sincerity of my heart. I would surrender more, yet fear you will not allow it; what I propose to keep still leaves me ample means. The emperor answered: "You are closest in blood and of fine native character; bad tutors failed to shield you and brought the ministers down on you. Now that you repent and blame yourself, We are deeply moved. The fault was not born in your own heart; the manuscript is broken here. The lacuna continues with the preposition from. The fault rests on your worthless attendants. The Analects say that mastering oneself restores propriety and wins the world's goodwill. Compose your mind, cultivate your virtue, and lead your people well. The Book of Changes praises modesty: one humble turn brings four kinds of blessing. Minor blame may be spoken, yet the end is good. Take nourishment and care for yourself." Liu Chang pressed his renunciation again and again but the court would not allow it. Note 1: The six Ding are tutelary spirits of the sexagenary cycle. Each ten-day stem set has its corresponding Ding spirit, as the commentary lists. After fasting the adept can summon the spirit to fetch distant objects and foretell fortune.
54
注[二]曲平，曲法申恩，平處其罪。
Note 2: The phrase means the emperor bent the rules to grant mercy while still recording the offense.
55
注[三]污，惡也。 天下以帝赦王為惡，故言收惡天下也。
Note 3: Here vileness means moral stain. Critics said pardoning you tarnished imperial prestige everywhere.
56
注[四]謂由卞忌及王禮等也。
Note 4: Meaning Bian Ji, Wang Li, and their confederates.
57
注[五]易謙卦曰：「天道虧盈而益謙，地道變盈而流謙，鬼神害盈而福謙，人道惡盈而好謙。 」為謙是一，而天地神人皆益之，故曰「一謙而四益」。 訟卦初六曰：「小有言，終吉。 」言王雖小有訟言，而終吉也。
Note 5: The commentary quotes the Book of Changes on how heaven, earth, spirits, and mankind all favor humility. Thus one humble stance wins favor from four realms of being. The Song line repeats that small blame ends well. It applies to you: though fault was charged, the outcome was fortunate.
58
立二十七年薨，子恭王堅嗣。 永元十六年，封堅弟二人為鄉﹑亭侯。
Liu Chang reigned twenty-seven years and was succeeded by Liu Jian, posthumously Prince Gong. In 104 CE two of Liu Jian's brothers received village or pavilion marquisates.
59
堅立二十六年薨，子懷王匡嗣。 永建二年，封匡兄弟七人為鄉﹑亭侯。
Liu Jian reigned twenty-six years and was succeeded by Liu Kuang, posthumously Prince Huai. In 127 CE seven of Liu Kuang's brothers received village or pavilion marquisates.
60
匡立十一年薨，無子，順帝封匡弟孝陽亭侯成為梁王，是為夷王。
After eleven years Liu Kuang died childless; Emperor Shun promoted his brother Liu Cheng from village marquis to Prince of Liang, later honored as Prince Yi.
61
立二十九年薨，子敬王元嗣。
Liu Cheng reigned twenty-nine years and was succeeded by Liu Yuan, posthumously Prince Jing.
62
立十六年薨，子彌嗣。 立四十年，魏受禪，以為崇德侯。
Liu Yuan died after sixteen years and was succeeded by Liu Mi. Forty years later Wei ended the Han and Liu Mi became Marquis of Chongde.
63
淮陽頃王昞
Prince Qing of Huaiyang, Liu Bing.
64
淮陽頃王昞，永平*[十]*五年封常山王，建初四年，徙為淮陽王，以汝南之新安﹑西華益淮陽國。
Liu Bing was Prince of Changshan from 72 CE, moved to Huaiyang in 79 CE with two Runan counties added to his fief.
65
立十六年薨，未及立嗣，永元二年，和帝立□小子側復為常山王，奉□後，是為殤王。
After sixteen years on the throne he died before an heir could be named; in the second year of Yongyuan Emperor He installed his young son Liu Ce as Prince of Changshan to continue Liu Bing's line, posthumously Prince Shang.
66
立十三年薨，父子皆未之國，並葬京師。 側無子，其月立兄防子侯章為常山王。
Liu Ce reigned thirteen years; neither father nor son ever took up their fiefs, and both were buried at Luoyang. Liu Ce left no heir, so the same month Liu Zhang, son of Liu Fang and a marquis, was made Prince of Changshan.
67
和帝憐章早孤，數加賞賜。 延平元年就國。
Emperor He pitied the boy's early loss of parents and showered him with gifts. He took up his seat at Changshan in 106 CE.
68
立二十五年薨，是為靖王。 子頃王儀嗣。 永建二年，封儀兄二人為亭侯。
After twenty-five years he died and was honored posthumously as Prince Jing. He was succeeded by Liu Yi, posthumously Prince Qing. In 127 CE two of Liu Yi's brothers became village marquises.
69
儀立十七年薨，子節王豹嗣。 * (永) **[元]*嘉元年，封豹兄四人為亭侯。
Liu Yi reigned seventeen years and was succeeded by Liu Bao, posthumously Prince Jie. The manuscript shows a lacuna here. The next gloss supplies the syllable Yong, completing a reign title. In 151 CE four of Liu Bao's brothers received village marquisates.
70
豹立八年薨，子暠嗣。 三十二年，遭黃巾賊，□國走，建安十一年國除。
Liu Bao died after eight years and was succeeded by Liu Gao. In the thirty-second year of his reign the rebellion struck; he fled his capital, and the kingdom ended in 206 CE.
71
濟陰悼王長
Prince Dao of Jiyin, Liu Chang.
72
濟陰悼王長，永平十五年封。 建初四年，以東郡之離狐﹑陳留之長垣益濟陰國。
Liu Chang received Jiyin in 72 CE. In 79 CE Lihu and Changyuan counties were added to his appanage.
73
立十三年，薨於京師，無子，國除。
He died in the capital after thirteen years without an heir, and the line lapsed.
74
論曰：晏子稱「夫人生厚而用利，於是乎正德以幅之，謂之幅利」。 言人情須節以正其德，亦由布帛須幅以成其度焉。 [一]明帝封諸子，租歲不過二千萬，馬後為言而不得也。 [二]賢哉！ 豈徒儉約而已乎！ 知驕貴之無猒，嗜欲之難極也，故東京諸侯鮮有至於禍敗者也。 注[一]左傳雲，齊景公與晏子邶殿之邑六十，晏子不受，曰：「夫富如布帛之有幅焉，為之度使無遷也。 夫人生厚而用利，於是正德以幅之，謂之幅利。 過則為敗，吾不敢貪多，所謂幅也。」
The historian observes with Yanzi that wealth must be hemmed in by virtue, like cloth by its selvage. Human desire needs restraint the way cloth needs a measured width. Emperor Ming capped his sons' revenues at twenty million cash a year; even Empress Ma could not raise the limit. How worthy she was! Her wisdom went far beyond mere thrift. She understood that privilege and appetite know no limit, which is why Later Han princes seldom came to ruin. Note 1: The gloss quotes Yanzi's reply to Duke Jing of Qi from the Zuo Tradition, declining lavish estates. Wealth without moral bounds invites ruin; virtue sets the margin, Yanzi said. Greed overspills the bolt of cloth; I refuse more land than my virtue can span."
75
注[二]東觀明紀曰：「皇子之封，皆減舊制。 嘗案輿地圖，皇后在傍，言鉅鹿﹑樂成﹑廣平各數縣，租谷百萬，帝令滿二千萬止。 諸小王皆當略與楚﹑淮陽相比，什減三四。 『我子不當與先帝子等』者也。」
The Eastern Lodge account of Emperor Ming states that princely endowments were cut back from earlier norms. Consulting the territorial register with Empress Ma at his side, he capped the revenues of Julu, Lecheng, and Guangping at twenty million bushels of grain. Younger princes were to receive roughly thirty or forty percent less than the great kingdoms of Chu and Huaiyang. So ran his verdict: "My sons shall not rival my father's sons in income."
76
贊曰：孝明傳胤，維城八國。 陳敬嚴重，彭城厚德。 下邳嬰痾，梁節邪惑。 三藩夙齡，[一]黨惟荒忒。 注[一]謂千乘﹑淮陽﹑濟陰並早歿也。
The summation praises Emperor Ming for planting eight princely houses as bulwarks of the dynasty. Chen stood for dignity; Pengcheng for steadfast goodness. Xiapi was crippled by chronic disease; Prince Jie of Liang fell to sorcery and sedition. Three kingdoms lost their princes in youth; only Liu Dang ran to extremes of depravity. Note 1: The three early deaths are Qiansheng, Huaiyang, and Jiyin.
77
校勘記
Textual collation
78
一六六七頁四行本書謂東觀記也按：「東」原斗「雲」，逕據汲本、殿本改正。
Collation at page 1667 line 4: the work cited is the Eastern Lodge Annals; a copyist's error substituting "cloud" for "east" is emended from the Ji and Palace recensions.
79
一六六七頁八行與諸儒講論於白虎殿按：張森楷校勘記謂何焯云「殿」疑作「觀」。
Collation at page 1667 line 8: some scholars suspect the venue should read White Tiger Hall of Literature rather than Hall.
80
一六七０頁八行多為丹* (陽) **[陵]*兵據汲本、殿本改。 按：殿本考證謂「陵」監本誤作「陽」，今改正。
Collation at page 1670 line 8: the manuscript breaks after the syllable dan. The gloss supplies the syllable yang in parentheses. The word for soldiers is corrected from the Ji and Palace editions. The Palace edition notes that the Directorate edition wrongly wrote "yang" for "ling"; the text is amended.
81
一六七一頁五行恭子男丁前*[妻]*物故按：王先謙謂今本東觀記「前」下有「妻」字，是也。 下又引東觀記，雲丁為魯陽鄉侯，則是丁未物故，而物故者乃其妻也。 今據補。
Collation at page 1671 line 5: Wang Xianqian observes that the Eastern Lodge Annals insert the word for wife after former, which is correct. A later passage makes Ding marquis of Luyang village, showing Ding was alive and the deceased party was his wife. The missing word is supplied on that evidence.
82
一六七一頁一二行封定兄弟九人皆為亭侯按：校補引錢大昭說，謂據東觀記當作「兄弟八人」。
Collation at page 1671 line 12: Qian Dazhao argues the Eastern Lodge reads eight brothers, not nine.
83
一六七二頁七行嫁為男子章初妻按：「初」原斗「諸」，逕據汲本、殿本改正。
Collation at page 1672 line 7: the groom's name Chu was corrupted to a graph meaning various; emended from Ji and Palace.
84
一六七三頁四行修縣* (及) **[即]*條縣* (皆) *屬勃海集解引沉欽韓說，謂注「及」當為「即」，又衍一「皆」字。 今按：漢書地理志作「修」，景帝紀、周亞夫傳作「條」，師古曰「修音條」，是修縣即條縣也，沉說是，今據改。
Collation at page 1673 line 4: lacuna after the county name Xiu. Parenthetical conjunction and in the lacuna. The gloss identifies Tiao County with manuscript damage. Parenthetical both. Shen Qinhan argues the commentary should read namely instead of and and should omit an intrusive both. Geographical sources equate Xiu and Tiao; Yan Shigu equates the readings; Shen's emendation is adopted.
85
一六七三頁八行毆擊吏人按：「毆」原斗「驅」，逕據集解本改正。
Collation at page 1673 line 8: the verb for beating was corrupted to drive; fixed from the critical edition.
86
一六七四頁二行尚書侍郎冷宏按：汲本「冷」作「泠」。
Collation at page 1674 line 2: the Ji edition spells the minister's surname Ling instead of Leng.
87
一六七四頁七行子續立按：汲本「續」作「績」。
Collation at page 1674 line 7: the heir's name appears as Xu in one edition and a homophone in the Ji text.
88
一六七四頁一四行在今豪州按：殿本「豪」作「濠」。
Collation at page 1674 line 14: the Palace edition uses the standard graph for the Chuzhou placename.
89
一六七六頁一行□今許州郾陵縣也按：「□」汲本作「鄢」，殿本作「郾」。 集解引惠棟說，謂正文之「郾」，亦當依注作「鄢」。 又引錢大昕說，謂郡國志「郾」作「□」，此字亦誤，當為「鄢」。 校補謂案光武紀「三月，光武別與諸將徇昆陽、定陵、郾，皆下之」。 彼注云「郾，今豫州郾城縣也」。 章懷既釋郾為豫州之郾城，則此雲許州郾陵，當然是「鄢」非「郾」，不獨殿本注作「郾」誤，各本正文作「郾」皆誤矣。 惟「鄢」之作「□」，似不應遽指為誤。 鄢陵前、續志均屬穎川郡，鄢前志屬陳留郡，續志屬梁國，字則前志均作「傿」，續志均作「□」，更無作「鄢」者，如以為誤，則前志亦誤矣。
Collation at page 1676 line 1: the missing county name is supplied as Yanling from parallel editions. Hui Dong argues the main-text placename should match the commentary form. Qian Daxin notes the treatise variant and prefers the reading Yan. The supplement cites Guangwu's campaign list to settle the orthography. Li Xian's note identifies the county with modern Yancheng in Henan. The commentator concludes the text must mean Yanling near Xuchang, not the Yancheng form. A lacuna standing for Yan need not be presumed erroneous. The geographical registers use several variant graphs for these adjacent counties; emending one forces a chain of further changes.
90
一六七六頁一一行而令陛下為臣收污天下按：集解引顧炎武說，謂「收污」袁宏紀作「收恥」，通鑒作「受污」。
Collation at page 1676 line 11: Gu Yanwu notes parallel texts read shame or receive disgrace instead of gather vileness.
91
一六七六頁一五行誠無心面目以凶惡復居大宮按：集解引蘇輿說，謂「心」字疑衍。
Collation at page 1676 line 15: Su Yu suspects the word for heart is a dittograph.
92
一六七七頁一行假臣小善之路殿本「小」作「遷」。 今按：袁紀亦作「小」。
Collation at page 1677 line 1: the Palace edition reads shift where others read small. Yuan Hong's annals agree on small.
93
一六七七頁五行志匪由* (於) **[王]*咎在彼小子校補引柳從辰說，謂「於」字系「王」字之鬥，「咎」字屬下讀。 又謂「於」當作「王」，錢大昭已有是說。 今據改。
Collation at page 1677 line 5: lacuna in the phrase about intent. Parenthetical from. Liu Congchen argues the lacuna should read king and the sentence break should follow blame. Qian Dazhao had already proposed the same emendation. The text is updated per that argument.
94
一六七八頁五行永平*[十]*五年封常山王校補引錢大昭說，謂「五年」當作「十五年」，脫「十」字。 今據補。
Collation at page 1678 line 5: Qian Dazhao restores the tens digit to the Yongping date. The missing ten is supplied.
95
一六七八頁五行以汝南之新安西華益淮陽國按：集解引錢大昕說，謂汝南郡無新安縣，疑「新陽」之鬥。
Collation at page 1678 line 5: Qian Daxin doubts Xin'an exists in Runan and proposes Xinyang instead.