1
志第二十一郡国三
Treatise 21: “Commanderies and States,” Part Three.
2
陈留东郡东平任城泰山济北山阳济阴
This section treats Chenliu, Dong, Dongping, Rencheng, Taishan, Jibei, Shanyang, and Jiyin.
3
东海琅邪彭城广陵下邳
It also covers Donghai, Langye, Pengcheng, Guangling, and Xiapi.
4
陈留郡武帝置。 雒阳东五百三十里。 十七城，户十七万七千五百二十九，口八十六万九千四百三十三。
Chenliu Commandery was first set up under Emperor Wu of Han. Its seat lay about five hundred thirty li east of Luoyang. The commandery comprised seventeen county seats, 177,729 households, and 869,433 people.
5
〖陈留〗有鸣雁亭。
At Chenliu there was Mingyan Pavilion.
6
〖浚仪〗本大梁。帝王世記曰：「禹避商均浚儀。」晉地道記：「儀封人，此縣也。」通俗文曰「渠在浚儀，曰莨蕩」也。
Junyi had been Daliang. The Diwang shiji says, “Yu avoided Shangjun at Junyi.” The Jin didao ji says, “The man of Yifeng was from this county.” The Tongsu wen says, “The canal at Junyi is called Langdang.”
7
〖尉氏〗陳留志曰：「有陵樹鄕，北有澤，澤有天子菀囿，有秦樂廄，漢諸帝以馴養猛獸。」
Weishi: the Chenliu zhi says, “It had Lingshu Township. North of it was a marsh containing the Son of Heaven’s park and enclosure, as well as the Qin music stable. The Han emperors used it to train and keep fierce beasts.”
8
〖雍丘〗本杞国。陳留志曰：「城内有神井，能興霧雹。」案：徐齊民北征記曰：「有呂祿臺，髙七丈。有酈生祠。」曹植禹廟讚曰：「有禹祠，植移於其城，城本名杞城。」
Yongqiu was the old state of Qi. The Chenliu zhi says, “Inside the city was a divine well that could bring forth fog and hail.” Xu Qimin’s Beizheng ji says, “It had Lü Lu’s Terrace, seven zhang high, and a shrine to Li Sheng.” Cao Zhi’s Praise of Yu’s Temple says, “There was a shrine to Yu, which Zhi moved into the city; the city was originally called Qi city.”
9
〖襄邑〗有滑亭。 有承匡城。地道記曰在縣西。左傳文十一年會晉郤缺於承匡。
Xiangyi had Hua Pavilion. The same county also contained Chengkuang; the Didiao ji places it west of the county, and the Zuo Tradition records a meeting there with Xi Que of Jin in Duke Wen 11.
10
〖外黄〗左傳「惠公季年，敗宋師於黃」，杜預曰宋邑，縣東有黃城。有葵丘聚，齊桓公會此，城中有曲棘里。左傳昭二十五年「宋公佐卒曲棘」。 有繁阳城。
At Waihuang, the Zuo Tradition says, “In the last year of Duke Hui, he defeated the Song army at Huang”; Du Yu identifies Huang as a Song settlement and notes a Huang city east of the county. Waihuang also held Kuiqiu, where Duke Huan of Qi met the other rulers, and Quji ward within the city; the Zuo Tradition records, “Duke Zuo of Song died at Quji,” in Duke Zhao 25. Fanyang was another fortified place in the county.
11
〖小黃〗漢舊儀曰：「髙祖母起兵時死縣北，爲作陵廟於小黃。」
Xiaohuang: The Old Han Rites says, “When Emperor Gaozu’s mother died north of the county during the uprising, a tomb shrine was made for her at Xiaohuang.”
12
〖東昬〗陳留志曰：「故戸牖鄕有陳平祠。」
Donghun: The Chenliu zhi says, “In former Huyou Township there was a shrine to Chen Ping.”
13
〖濟陽〗有武父鄕。左傳桓十二年「盟於武父」，杜預曰縣東北有武父城。縣東南有戎城。縣都鄕有行宮，光武生。
Jiyang had Wufu Township. The Zuo Tradition says, “They covenanted at Wufu,” in Duke Huan 12, and Du Yu places Wufu City northeast of the county. Rong City lay southeast of the county, and in Du Township there was a temporary palace where Guangwu was born.
14
〖平丘〗有临济亭，田儋死此。 有匡。 有黄池亭。陳留志云：「黃亭在封丘。」左傳哀十三年盟黃池，杜預曰在〔封邱〕縣南。傳曰「呉囚子服景伯以還，及戸牖」，然卽黃池在戸牖西。或以爲外黃縣東溝，非也。
Pingqiu included Linji Pavilion, where Tian Dan met his death, together with Kuang and Huangchi Pavilion. The county also had Kuang. Huangchi Pavilion was there. The Chenliu zhi says, “Huang Pavilion was in Fengqiu.” In Duke Ai 13 of the Zuo Tradition, the covenant at Huangchi took place; Du Yu places it south of Fengqiu county. The tradition says, “Wu imprisoned Zifu Jingbo and returned with him, reaching Huyou,” which means Huangchi was west of Huyou. Some identify it with the eastern ditch of Waihuang county, but that is wrong.
15
〖封丘〗博物記有狄溝，卽敗狄於長丘是也。有桐牢亭，或曰古虫牢。左傳成五年諸侯會蟲牢。陳留志：「有鞠亭，古鞠居。」
Fengqiu: the Bowu ji records Di Ditch, the place where the Di were defeated at Changqiu. It had Tonglao Pavilion, which some identify as ancient Chonglao. In Duke Cheng 5 of the Zuo Tradition, the lords met at Chonglao. The Chenliu zhi says, “It had Ju Pavilion, the old settlement of Ju.”
16
〖酸枣〗左傳鄭太叔至於廩延，杜預曰縣北有延津。襄五年會城棣，杜預曰縣西南有棣城。東有地烏巣，曹公破袁紹處。陳留志曰：「城内有韓王故宮闕。」
Suanzao: in the Zuo Tradition, Taishu of Zheng reached Linyan; Du Yu places Yanjin north of the county. In Duke Xiang 5, a meeting was held at Chengdi; Du Yu places Di city southwest of the county. East of the county was Wuchao, where Lord Cao defeated Yuan Shao. The Chenliu zhi says, “Inside the city were the old palace gates of the Han kings.”
17
〖长垣〗侯国。 有匡城。 有蒲城。 有祭城。
Changyuan was organized as a marquisate and contained the settlements of Kuang, Pu, and Ji. Kuang city stood there. Pu city was in the county. Ji city was also recorded.
18
〖己吾〗有大棘乡。 有首乡。
Jiwu had Daji Township and Shou Township. Shou Township lay in the same county.
19
〖考城〗故菑，章帝更名。 故属梁。
Kaocheng had once been called Zai until Emperor Zhang changed the name; it had belonged to Liang. Earlier it was under Liang’s jurisdiction.
20
〖圉〗故属淮阳。 有高阳亭。
Yu had previously been part of Huaiyang. Gaoyang Pavilion was located there.
21
〖扶沟〗故属淮阳。
Fugou, too, had once been assigned to Huaiyang.
22
东郡秦置。 去雒阳八百余里。 十五城，户十三万六千八十八，口六十万三千三百九十三。
Dong Commandery dated from the Qin founding of the empire. It lay a little over eight hundred li from Luoyang. The commandery counted fifteen seats, 136,088 households, and 603,393 inhabitants.
23
〖濮阳〗古昆吾国，杜預曰古衞也。帝王世記曰：「顓頊自窮桑徙商丘。」左傳曰「衞，顓頊之墟」，杜預曰帝丘，昆吾氏因之，故曰昆吾之墟，縣城内有顓頊冢。皇覽曰：「冢在城門外廣陽里中。」博物記曰：「桑中在其中。」春秋时曰濮。 有咸城，或曰古咸国。 有清丘。 有鉏城。
Puyang was old Kunwu territory; Du Yu identifies it with ancient Wey. The Diwang shiji says, “Zhuanxu moved from Qiongsang to Shangqiu,” and the Zuo Tradition says, “Wey was the ruins of Zhuanxu.” Du Yu explains that this was Diqiu, from which the Kunwu clan derived, hence the name “ruins of Kunwu”; Zhuanxu's tomb stood inside the county city. The Huanglan says, “The tomb was in Guangyang ward outside the city gate,” and the Bowu ji adds, “Sangzhong was within it.” In Spring and Autumn times the place was called Pu. There was Xian city, which some take for the polity of Xian. Qingqiu was another site. The county also held Chu city.
24
〖燕〗本南燕国。 有雍乡。 有胙城，古胙国。 有平阳亭。 有瓦亭。 有桃城。
Yan had been the heartland of Southern Yan. Yong Township lay within it. Zuocheng preserved the ground of the old state of Zuo. Pingyang Pavilion was noted there. Wa Pavilion appears in the gazetteer. Tao city was another landmark.
25
〖白马〗有韦乡。杜預曰：「縣東南有韋城。古豕韋氏之國」。
Baima contained Wei Township. Du Yu says, “Southeast of the county stood Wei city, the ancient state of the Shiwei clan.”
26
〖顿丘〗皇覽曰「帝嚳冢在城〔南〕臺陰野〔中〕」是也。
Dunqiu: this is the place meant by the Huanglan when it says, “The tomb of Di Ku was in the Taiyin fields south of the city.”
27
〖东阿〗左傳桓十年會於桃丘，杜預曰縣東南有桃城。襄十四年孫林父敗衞侯於阿澤，杜預曰縣西南大澤。魏志有渠丘山。有清亭。左傳隱四年「遇於淸」是也。
Dong’e: in Duke Huan 10 of the Zuo Tradition, a meeting was held at Taoqiu; Du Yu places Tao city southeast of the county. In Duke Xiang 14, Sun Linfu defeated the Marquis of Wei at Aze; Du Yu identifies this with the great marsh southwest of the county. The Wei zhi records Mount Quqiu. Dong’e had Qing Pavilion, the place meant when the Zuo Tradition says in Duke Yin 4, “They met at Qing.”
28
〖东武阳〗湿水出。
The Shi River rose in Dongwuyang.
29
〖范〗有秦亭。
Fan had Qin Pavilion.
30
〖临邑〗有沛庙。
At Linyi stood a temple honoring the Marquis of Pei.
31
〖博平〗
Boping County.
32
〖聊城〗有夷仪聚。 有聂城。
Liaocheng held Yiyi Gathering and Nie city. Nie city was in the county.
33
〖发干〗
Fagan County.
34
〖乐平〗侯国。 故清，章帝更名。
Leping was a marquisate once called Qing until Emperor Zhang altered the name. The old name Qing was retired by Emperor Zhang’s edict.
35
〖阳平〗侯国。 有莘亭。 有冈成城。
Yangping was a marquisate with Shen Pavilion and Gangcheng city. Shen Pavilion lay there. Gangcheng city appears in the record.
36
〖卫〗公国。 本观故国，姚姓，光武更名。 有河牧城。 有竿城。
Wei was ranked as a ducal fief. It had been the old polity of Guan, of the Yao lineage, until Emperor Guangwu changed the designation. Hemu city stood in the state. Gan city was also listed.
37
〖穀城〗春秋时小穀。 有巂下聚。
Gucheng was the “Lesser Gu” of Spring and Autumn annals. Xu Xia Gathering lay in its territory.
38
东平国故梁，景帝分为济东国，宣帝改。 雒阳东九百七十五里。 七城，户七万九千一十二，口四十四万八千二百七十。
Dongping had been Liang until Emperor Jing carved out eastern Ji and Emperor Xuan reorganized it into this kingdom. Its capital sat about nine hundred seventy-five li east of Luoyang. Seven county seats, 79,012 households, and 448,270 people fell under its administration.
39
〖无盐〗本宿国，任姓。 有章城。
Wuyan had been Su, ruled by the Ren clan, and still held Zhang city. Zhang city was in the county.
40
〖东平陆〗六国时曰平陆。 有阚亭。 有堂阳亭。
Dongping Lu was known as Pinglu in the Warring States period and contained Kan and Tangyang pavilions. Kan Pavilion was there. Tangyang Pavilion appears in the same entry.
41
〖富成〗
Fucheng County.
42
〖章〗
Zhang County.
43
〖寿张〗春秋曰良，汉曰寿良，光武改曰寿张。 有堂聚，故聚属东郡。
Shouzhang had read Liang in the chronicles, then Shouliang under Western Han, until Emperor Guangwu fixed the present form. Tang Gathering was an old Dong commandery settlement carried over into this county.
44
〖须昌〗故属东郡。 有致密城，古中都。 有阳穀城。
Xuchang had once been filed under Dong. It held Zhimi city, identified with ancient Zhongdu, and Yanggu city. Yanggu city completed the note.
45
〖宁阳〗故属泰山。
Ningyang had previously been part of Taishan Commandery.
46
任城国章帝元和元年，分东平为任城。 雒阳东千一百里。 三城，户三万六千四百四十二，口十九万四千一百五十六。
In 84 CE, the first year of Emperor Zhang’s Yuanhe era, territory was split from Dongping to create the kingdom of Rencheng. The kingdom lay roughly eleven hundred li east of Luoyang. It comprised three seats, 36,442 households, and 194,156 subjects.
47
〖任城〗本任国。 有桃聚。
Rencheng had been the old state of Ren. Tao Gathering was in the county.
48
〖亢父〗
Kangfu County.
49
〖樊〗
Fan County.
50
泰山郡高帝置。 雒阳东千四百里。 十二城，户八千九百二十九，口四十三万七千三百一十七。
Taishan Commandery was founded in Emperor Gao’s reign. It stood about fourteen hundred li east of Luoyang. Twelve county seats, 8,929 households, and 437,317 people were registered.
51
〖奉高〗有明堂，武帝造。
Fenggao held Emperor Wu’s Bright Hall.
52
〖博〗有泰山庙。 岱山在西北。 有龟山。 有龙乡城。
Bo maintained the great shrine to Mount Tai. Mount Tai rose to the northwest of the county. Gui Mountain was named there. Longxiang city appears in the same list.
53
〖梁甫〗侯国。 有菟裘聚。
Liangfu was a marquisate with Tuqiu Gathering. Tuqiu Gathering lay within its borders.
54
〖钜平〗侯国。 有亭禅山。 有阳关亭。
Juping was organized as a marquisate. Mount Tingchan rose in the county. Yangguan Pavilion stood there as well.
55
〖嬴〗有铁。
Ying was a noted iron-working county.
56
〖山茌〗侯国。
Shanchi held marquisate rank.
57
〖莱芜〗有原山，潘水出。
Laiwu contained Mount Yuan, where the Pan River had its source.
58
〖盖〗沂水出。
The Yi River rose in the territory of Gai.
59
〖南武阳〗侯国。 有颛臾城。
Nanwuyang was another marquisate seat. The old settlement of Zhuanyu lay within it.
60
〖南城〗故属东海。 有东阳城。呂氏春秋夏孔甲遊田於東陽萯山。左傳哀八年「克東陽」。襄十九年城武城，杜預曰南城縣。哀十四年司馬牛葬丘輿，杜預曰縣西北有輿城。
Nancheng had once been administered from Donghai Commandery. Dongyang city was listed in the same entry. The Lüshi chunqiu says Xia Kong Jia hunted at Mount Fushan in Dongyang; the Zuo Tradition records in Duke Ai 8 that someone “captured Dongyang.” For the walling of Wucheng in Duke Xiang 19, Du Yu identifies the place as Nancheng county, and for Sima Niu's burial at Qiuyu in Duke Ai 14, he notes Yu city northwest of the county.
61
〖费〗侯国，曹勝封費是酇縣費亭，非此國。故属东海。 有祊亭。左傳隱八年鄭歸祊，杜預曰在縣東南。閔二年莒人歸共仲及密，杜預曰縣有密如亭。 有台亭。左傳襄十二年莒圍臺，杜預曰縣南有臺亭。
Fei was a marquisate. The Fei where Cao Sheng received his fief was Fei Pavilion in Zan county, not this polity; this Fei had once belonged to Donghai. The county also recorded Beng Pavilion. The Zuo Tradition says in Duke Yin 8 that Zheng returned Beng, which Du Yu places southeast of the county. In Duke Min 2, when the men of Ju returned Gongzhong and Mi, Du Yu notes Miru Pavilion in the county. Tai Pavilion appears beside it in the gazetteer; the Zuo Tradition records Ju besieging Tai in Duke Xiang 12, and Du Yu places Tai Pavilion south of the county.
62
〖牟〗故国。
Mou preserved the memory of an independent polity of old.
63
济北国和帝永元二年，分泰山置。 雒阳东千一百五十里。 五城，户四万五千六百八十九，口二十三万五千八百九十七。
In 90 CE, Yongyuan 2 of Emperor He, territory was split from Taishan to found the kingdom of Jibei. Its capital lay about eleven hundred fifty li east of Luoyang. The kingdom comprised five seats, 45,689 households, and 235,897 people.
64
〖卢〗有平阴城。 有防门。 有光里。 有景兹山。 有敖山。 有清亭。 有长城至东海。
Lu contained Pingyin city. Fang Gate, the old Qi defensive pass, was located there. Guang ward appears among its settlements. Mount Jingzi was another landmark. Mount Ao is named in the same list. Qing Pavilion stood in the county. A stretch of the Long Wall ran eastward as far as the sea.
65
〖蛇丘〗有遂鄕。古遂國，左傳莊十三年齊人滅遂。 有下讙亭。左傳桓三年送姜氏於讙。 有鑄鄕城。周武王未及下車，封堯後於鑄。 左傳有棘地，成公三年叔孫僑如所圍。杜預曰汶水北地有棘鄕。東觀書有芳陘山。
Sheqiu had Sui Township. This was the ancient state of Sui; in Duke Zhuang 13, the Zuo Tradition says that the men of Qi destroyed Sui. It had Lower Huan Pavilion. In Duke Huan 3, the Zuo Tradition says Jiangshi was escorted to Huan. It had Zhu Township City. Before King Wu of Zhou had even dismounted from his carriage, he enfeoffed Yao’s descendant at Zhu. The Zuo Tradition records the place Ji, besieged by Shusun Qiaoru in Duke Cheng 3. Du Yu says Ji Township lay north of the Wen River. The Dongguan shu also records Mount Fangxing.
66
〖成〗本国。
Cheng was the kingdom’s own seat of government.
67
〖茌平〗本属东郡。
Chiping had earlier been filed under Dong Commandery.
68
〖剛〗左傳哀八年齊取闡，杜預曰在縣北，有闡鄕。
For Gang, the note cites the Zuo Tradition and Du Yu: Chan lay north of the county, with a Chan township.
69
故梁，景帝分置。 雒阳东八百一十里。 十城，户十万九千八百九十八，口六十万六千九十一。
It had been Liang before Emperor Jing split it off. It sat some eight hundred ten li east of Luoyang. Ten county seats, 109,898 households, and 606,091 inhabitants were registered.
70
〖昌邑〗刺史治。 有梁丘城。 有甲父亭。杜預曰甲父，古國名，在縣東南。左傳隱十年「取防」，杜預曰縣西有防城。
Changyi served as the residence of the inspector for this province. Liangqiu city appears in the record. Jiafu Pavilion is also named. Du Yu explains that Jiafu was an ancient state southeast of the county, and when the Zuo Tradition records in Duke Yin 10 that they “took Fang,” he places Fang city west of the county.
71
〖东缗〗春秋时曰缗。左傳僖二十三年齊圍緡。
Dongmin had been called simply Min in the Spring and Autumn period; the Zuo Tradition records Qi surrounding Min in Duke Xi 23.
72
〖钜野〗左傳桓七年「焚咸丘」，杜預曰縣西有咸亭。有大野澤。春秋西狩獲麟之所。爾雅十藪，魯有大野。杜預曰縣西南有郥亭。定十三年齊伐晉之所。
At Juye, the Zuo Tradition records in Duke Huan 7 that someone “burned Xianqiu,” which Du Yu locates as Xian Pavilion west of the county. Juye contained Daye Marsh, the place where the lin was captured on the western hunt in the Spring and Autumn period; the Erya lists Daye among the ten marshes and assigns it to Lu. Du Yu also places Que Pavilion southwest of the county, the site where Qi attacked Jin in Duke Ding 13.
73
〖高平〗侯国。 故橐，章帝更名。 有茅乡城。
Gaoping was organized as a marquisate. The place had been called Tuo until Emperor Zhang altered the name. Mao Township city stood in its borders.
74
〖湖陆〗故湖陵，章帝更名。
Hulu was the old Huling, which Emperor Zhang redesignated.
75
〖南平阳〗侯国。 有漆亭。左傳城漆。 有閭丘亭。左傳襄二十一年「邾庶其以漆、閭丘來奔」，杜預曰縣東北有漆鄕，西北有顯閭亭。哀七年囚邾子負瑕，杜預曰縣西北有瑕丘城。
Nanpingyang held marquisate status. It had Qi Pavilion. The Zuo Tradition records the fortification of Qi. It had Luqiu Pavilion. The Zuo Tradition says, “Shuqi of Zhu came over with Qi and Luqiu,” in Duke Xiang 21; Du Yu places Qi Township northeast of the county and Xianlu Pavilion northwest of it. For Duke Ai 7, when the viscount of Zhu, Fuxia, was imprisoned, Du Yu places Xiaqiu City northwest of the county.
76
〖方與〗有武唐亭，左傳桓二年盟於唐，杜預曰在西南。魯侯觀魚臺。春秋經隱五年矢魚於棠。 有泥母亭，或曰古甯母。
Fangyu had Wutang Pavilion. The Zuo Tradition records a covenant at Tang in Duke Huan 2, and Du Yu places it to the southwest. It also had the terrace where the Marquis of Lu watched the fish; the Spring and Autumn Classic records shooting fish at Tang in Duke Yin 5. Nimu Pavilion appears there, which some identify with old Ningmu.
77
〖瑕丘〗
Xiaqiu County.
78
〖金乡〗晉地道記曰：「縣多山，所治名金山。山北有鑿石爲冢，深十餘丈，隧長三十丈，傍卻入爲堂三方，雲得白兔不葬，更葬南山，鑿而得金，故曰金山。故冢今在。或云漢昌邑所作，或云秦時。」
For Jinxiang, the Jin Didiao ji says, “The county had many mountains, and the seat was called Jinshan. North of the mountain, stone had been cut into a tomb more than ten zhang deep, with a passage thirty zhang long and side chambers opening on three sides. It is said that after a white rabbit was found they did not bury there, but moved the burial to South Mountain; when they dug, they found gold, and so it was called Jinshan. The old tomb remains today. Some say Changyi of Han made it; others say it dates to Qin.”
79
〖防东〗
Fangdong County.
80
济阴郡故梁，景帝分置。 雒阳东八百里。 十一城，户十三万三千七百一十五，口六十五万七千五百五十四。
Jiyin Commandery was another slice of the former Liang heartland created under Emperor Jing. Its seat was about eight hundred li east of Luoyang. Eleven county seats, 133,715 households, and 657,554 people fell under its administration.
81
〖定陶〗本曹国，郭璞曰：「城中有陶丘。」皇覽曰：「伯樂冢縣東南一里所，髙四五丈。」古陶，尧所居。帝王世記曰：「舜陶河濱，縣西南陶丘亭是。」 有三鬷亭。湯伐三鬷，孔安國曰今定陶。
Dingtao had been the state of Cao. Guo Pu says, “Inside the city was Taoqiu,” and the Huanglan says, “Bo Le's tomb was about one li southeast of the county, four or five zhang high.” This was ancient Tao, where Yao lived. The Diwang shiji says, “Shun made pottery by the riverbank; Taoqiu Pavilion southwest of the county is this place.” Sanzong Pavilion is named in the same entry. Tang's campaign against Sanzong is glossed by Kong Anguo as taking place at present-day Dingtao.
82
〖冤句〗有煮枣城。史記蘇秦説魏襄王曰：「大王之地，東有淮、潁、煮棗。」
Yuanqu contained the walled place called Zhuzao. In the Shiji, Su Qin tells King Xiang of Wei, “Your Majesty's territory has Huai, Ying, and Zhuzao in the east.”
83
〖成阳〗有尧冢、灵台，有雷泽。禹貢曰：「雷夏旣澤。」帝王世記曰：「舜耕歴山，漁雷澤，濟陰有歴山。」
Chengyang held Yao's burial mound, the Spirit Terrace, and Lei Marsh. The Yugong says, “Leixia had become a marsh,” and the Diwang shiji says, “Shun plowed at Mount Li and fished at Lei Marsh; Jiyin has Mount Li.”
84
〖乘氏〗侯国。 有泗水。 有鹿城乡。
Chengshi was organized as a marquisate. The Si River crossed the county. Lucheng Township appears in the gazetteer.
85
〖句阳〗有垂亭。
Gouyang had Chui Pavilion.
86
〖鄄城〗
Juancheng County.
87
〖离狐〗故属东郡。
Lihu had once been part of Dong Commandery.
88
〖廪丘〗故属东郡。 有高鱼城。 有运城。
Linqiu, too, had been under Dong Commandery. Gaoyu city stood in the county. Yuncheng is also recorded.
89
〖单父〗侯国，故属山阳。
Shanfu was a marquisate transferred from Shanyang Commandery.
90
〖成武〗故属山阳。 有郜城。
Chengwu had previously been administered with Shanyang. The old city of Gao lay within its bounds.
91
〖己氏〗故属梁。
Jishi had once belonged to Liang.
92
右兗州刺史部，郡、国八，县、邑、公、侯国八十。
Together these units made up the Yanzhou inspectorate: eight commanderies and kingdoms and eighty counties, towns, and marquisates.
93
东海郡高帝置，雒阳东千五百里。 十三城，户十四万八千七百八十四，口七十万六千四百一十六。
Donghai Commandery, founded under Emperor Gao, stretched about fifteen hundred li east of Luoyang. It comprised thirteen county seats, 148,784 households, and 706,416 inhabitants.
94
〖郯〗本国，刺史治。
Tan was the commandery’s own seat and the inspector’s residence.
95
〖兰陵〗有次室亭。地道記曰：「故魯次室邑。」列女傳有漆室之女，或作「次室」。
Lanling contained Cishi Pavilion. The Didiao ji says, “It was the old Lu settlement of Cishi,” and the Lienü zhuan's woman of Qishi is sometimes written “Cishi.”
96
〖戚〗
Qi County.
97
〖朐〗山海經曰：「都州在海中，一曰郁州。」郭璞曰：「在縣界。世俗傳此山在蒼梧徙來，上皆有南方樹木。」博物記：「縣東北海邊植石，秦所立之東門。」有铁。 有伊卢乡。史記曰，鍾離昧家在伊盧。
For Qu, the Shanhai jing says, “Duzhou is in the sea; one name is Yuzhou.” Guo Pu places it within the county and says, “Common tradition says this mountain moved here from Cangwu, and all the trees on it are southern trees.” The Bowu ji adds, “The standing stones on the seashore northeast of the county were the eastern gate erected by Qin.” Qu was also an iron-producing county. Yilu Township lay in the same county; the Shiji says Zhongli Mo's family was there.
98
〖襄贲〗
Xiangben County.
99
〖昌虑〗有蓝乡。左傳昭三十一年邾黑肱以濫來奔，杜預曰縣所治，城東北有郳城。郳，小邾國也。
Changlü held Lan Township. The Zuo Tradition records in Duke Zhao 31 that Heigong of Zhu came over with Lan; Du Yu identifies this with the county seat and notes Ni city northeast of the city, Ni being the state of Xiao Zhu.
100
〖承〗
Cheng County.
101
〖阴平〗
Yinping County.
102
〖利城〗
Licheng County.
103
〖合乡〗漷水自此南至湖陸。
At Hexiang, the Guo River runs southward from here to Hulu.
104
〖祝其〗有羽山，殛鯀之山。杜預曰在縣西南。博物記曰：「東北獨居山，西南有淵水，卽羽泉也，俗謂此山爲懲父山。」 春秋时曰祝其，夹谷地。左傳定十年會齊侯夾谷，孔子相。
Zhuqi contained Mount Yu, remembered as the mountain where Gun was executed. Du Yu places it southwest of the county. The Bowu ji says, “To the northeast stands Dujushan; to the southwest is Yuanshui, which is Yuquan. Commonly this mountain is called Chengfu Mountain.” In Spring and Autumn times the place was known as Zhuqi, the Jiagu site; the Zuo Tradition records a meeting there with the Marquis of Qi in Duke Ding 10, with Confucius acting as assistant.
105
〖厚丘〗左傳成九年「城中城」，杜預曰在縣西南，有中鄕城。
For Houqiu, the Zuo Tradition records in Duke Cheng 9 that they “walled Zhongcheng”; Du Yu places it southwest of the county and notes Zhongxiang city there.
106
〖赣榆〗本属琅邪，建初五年复。左傳「齊伐莒，莒子奔紀鄣」，杜預曰縣東北有紀城。地道記曰：「海中去岸百五十歩，有秦始皇碑，長一丈八尺，廣五尺，厚八尺三寸；一行十二字。潮水至加其上三丈，去則三尺見也。」
Ganyu had belonged to Langye until it was restored in Jianchu 5. The Zuo Tradition says, “Qi attacked Ju, and the Viscount of Ju fled to Jizhang,” which Du Yu identifies with Ji city northeast of the county. The Didiao ji says, “In the sea, one hundred fifty paces from the shore, there is a stele of Qin Shi Huang, one zhang eight chi long, five chi wide, and eight chi three cun thick; each line has twelve characters. When the tide comes in, it rises three zhang above it; when the tide withdraws, three chi of it can be seen.”
107
琅邪国秦置。 建武中省城阳国，以其县属。 雒阳东一千五百里。 十三城，户二万八百四，口五十七万九百六十七。
Langye Kingdom was established by Qin. In the Jianwu era the Chengyang kingdom was struck off and its counties folded in here. The kingdom lay fifteen hundred li east of Luoyang. Thirteen seats, 20,804 households, and 570,967 people completed its rolls.
108
〖开阳〗杜預曰古鄅。左傳哀三年城啓陽，杜預曰開陽。故属东海，建初五年属。
Kaiyang, Du Yu says, was ancient Yu. When the Zuo Tradition records the walling of Qiyang in Duke Ai 3, Du Yu identifies it as Kaiyang. It had belonged to Donghai until Jianchu 5, when it was transferred here.
109
〖东武〗
Dongwu County.
110
〖琅邪〗山海經雲有琅邪臺，在勃海閒，琅邪之東。郭璞曰：「琅邪臨海邊，有山嶕嶢特起，狀如髙臺。此卽琅邪臺。」齊景公曰：「吾循海而南，放乎琅邪。」越絶曰：「句踐徙琅邪，起觀臺，臺周七里，以望東海。」史記曰秦始皇徙黔首三萬戸琅邪臺下。傳有勞山。
For Langye, the Shanhai jing says that Langye Terrace stood between the Bohai and east of Langye. Guo Pu says, “Langye faces the seashore, where a mountain rises steep and high like a tall terrace. This is Langye Terrace.” Duke Jing of Qi said, “I follow the sea south and wander at Langye.” The Yuejue says, “Goujian moved to Langye and built a viewing terrace; the terrace was seven li around, from which he looked out over the Eastern Sea.” The Shiji adds that Qin Shi Huang moved thirty thousand households of commoners below Langye Terrace; tradition also notes Mount Lao.
111
〖东莞〗有郓亭。左傳曰「公處鄆」。 有邳乡。 有公来山。 或曰古浮来。左傳隱八年盟浮來，杜預曰邳來山之閒，號曰邳來。莊九年鮑叔受管仲，及堂阜而脱之。杜預曰：「東莞蒙陰縣西北有夷吾亭，或曰鮑叔解夷吾縛於此，因以爲名。」卽古堂阜也，東莞後爲郡。
Dongguan held Yun Pavilion; the Zuo Tradition says, “The duke resided at Yun.” Pi Township appears in the same note. Mount Gonglai rose in the county. Some authorities identify the peak with old Fulai. The Zuo Tradition records a covenant at Fulai in Duke Yin 8, which Du Yu places between the Pilai mountains and says was called Pilai. In Duke Zhuang 9, Bao Shu received Guan Zhong and released him at Tangfu; Du Yu says, “Northwest of Mengyin county in Dongguan was Yiwu Pavilion; some say Bao Shu released Yiwu from his bonds here, and for this reason it was named.” This was old Tangfu, and Dongguan later became a commandery.
112
〖西海〗東觀書曰有勝山。博物記：「太公呂望所出，今有東呂鄕。又釣於棘津，其浦今存。」
At Xihai, the Dongguan Hanji notes Mount Sheng. The Bowu ji says, “This is where Grand Duke Lü Wang came from; today there is Donglü Township. He also fished at Jijin, and its inlet still survives.”
113
〖诸〗左傳莊二十九年「城諸」，杜預曰諸縣在城陽郡。又隱四年「莒人伐杞，取牟婁」，杜預曰縣東北有婁鄕。
For Zhu, the Zuo Tradition records in Duke Zhuang 29 that they “walled Zhu,” and Du Yu places Zhu county in Chengyang Commandery. In Duke Yin 4 it says, “The men of Ju attacked Qi and took Moulou,” which Du Yu connects with Lou Township northeast of the county.
114
〖莒〗本国，故属城阳。 有铁。 有峥嵘谷。
Ju was the kingdom’s seat and had once lain under Chengyang’s administration. Iron was mined in the county. Zhengrong Valley cut through its hills.
115
〖东安〗故属城阳。
Dong’an had earlier been part of Chengyang Commandery.
116
〖阳都〗故属城阳。 有牟台。
Yangdu, too, had once been filed under Chengyang. Mou Terrace overlooked the same district.
117
〖临沂〗故属东海。 有丛亭。
Linyi had previously belonged to Donghai Commandery. Cong Pavilion stood in the county.
118
〖即丘〗侯国，故属东海，春秋曰祝丘。
Jiqiu was a marquisate taken from Donghai and known in the chronicles as Zhuqiu.
119
〖缯〗侯国，故属东海。 有概亭。
Zeng was another marquisate carved from old Donghai territory. Gai Pavilion appears in the gazetteer.
120
〖姑幕〗
Gumu County.
121
彭城国高祖置为楚，章帝改。 雒阳东千二百二十里。 八城，户八万六千一百七十，口四十九万三千二十七。
Emperor Gao had first founded the kingdom as Chu until Emperor Zhang redesignated it Pengcheng. Its capital lay about twelve hundred twenty li east of Luoyang. Eight county seats, 86,170 households, and 493,027 inhabitants were counted.
122
〖彭城〗古大彭邑。北征記城西二十里有山，山有楚元王墓。伏滔北征記曰：「城北六里有山，臨泗，有宋桓魋石槨，皆靑石，隱起龜龍鱗鳳之象。」有铁。
Pengcheng was the ancient settlement of Great Peng. The Beizheng ji says a mountain twenty li west of the city held the tomb of King Yuan of Chu. Fu Tao's Beizheng ji says, “Six li north of the city was a mountain, facing the Si River, with Song Huan Tui's stone outer coffin. All the stones were blue, with raised images of turtles, dragons, scales, and phoenixes.” Pengcheng was also an iron-working county.
123
〖武原〗
Wuyuan County.
124
〖傅阳〗有柤水。左傳襄十年滅偪陽，杜預曰卽此縣也。
The Zha River flowed through Fuyang. The Zuo Tradition records Biyang's destruction in Duke Xiang 10, which Du Yu identifies with this county.
125
〖吕〗
Lü County.
126
〖留〗西征記曰城中有張良廟。
At Liu, the Xizheng ji notes Zhang Liang's temple within the city.
127
〖梧〗
Wu County.
128
〖菑丘〗
Ziqiu County.
129
〖广戚〗故属沛。
Guangqi had once been administered from Pei.
130
广陵郡景帝置为江都，武帝更名。 建武中省泗水国，以其县属。 雒阳东一千六百四十里。 十一城，户八万三千九百七，口四十一万一百九十。
Emperor Jing first organized the area as Jiangdu until Emperor Wu renamed it Guangling Commandery. Under Guangwu’s Jianwu reign the Sishui kingdom was struck off and its counties merged in here. The commandery sat some sixteen hundred forty li east of Luoyang. Eleven seats, 83,907 households, and 410,190 people were registered.
131
〖广陵〗有东陵亭。
Guangling contained Dongling Pavilion.
132
〖江都〗有江水祠。
Jiangdu maintained a cult hall for the great river.
133
〖高邮〗
Gaoyou County.
134
〖平安〗
Ping’an County.
135
〖凌〗故属泗水。
Ling had once been part of the Sishui kingdom.
136
〖东阳〗故属临淮。 有長洲澤，吳王濞太倉在此。縣多麋。博物記曰：「千千爲群，掘食草根，其處成泥，名曰麋畯。民人隨此畯種稻，不耕而穫，其收百倍。」又扶海洲上有草名蒒，其實食之如大麥，從七月稔熟，民斂穫至冬乃訖，名曰自然穀，或曰禹餘糧。
Dongyang had previously been Linhuai territory. It had Changzhou Marsh, where King Bi of Wu kept his great granary. The county had many moose. The Bowu ji says, “They gather in herds of thousands, dig up and eat grass roots, and the places where they do so become mud, called moose furrows. The people follow these furrows to plant rice, and without plowing they harvest it, with yields one hundredfold.” On Fuhai Island there was also a grass called shi; its seed was eaten like barley, ripened from the seventh month, and was gathered by the people until winter ended. It was called natural grain, or Yu’s surplus grain.
137
〖射阳〗故属临淮。
Sheyang had also been under Linhuai.
138
〖盐渎〗故属临淮
Yandu was another county transferred from Linhuai.
139
〖舆〗侯国，故属临淮。
Yu was a marquisate taken from Linhuai.
140
〖堂邑〗故属临淮。 有鐵。 春秋时曰堂。
Tangyi had once been administered with Linhuai. The county produced iron. Spring and Autumn records knew the place simply as Tang.
141
〖海西〗故属东海。
Haixi had belonged to Donghai Commandery before the reorganization.
142
下邳国武帝置为临淮郡，永平十五年更为下邳国。 雒阳东千四百里。 十七城，户十三万六千三百八十九，口六十一万一千八十三。
Emperor Wu had first set the region up as Linhuai Commandery, and in 72 CE, Yongping 15, it was elevated to the kingdom of Xiapi. It stood about fourteen hundred li east of Luoyang. Seventeen county seats, 136,389 households, and 611,083 subjects completed its rolls.
143
〖下邳〗本属东海。 有葛峄山，本峄阳山。 有铁。
Xiapi had once been a Donghai county. Mount Geyi rose there, once known as Yiyang Mountain. Iron was mined in the county.
144
〖徐〗本国。 有楼亭，或曰古蒌林。
Xu was the kingdom’s own ancient seat. Lou Pavilion is named there, which some identify with old Loulin.
145
〖僮〗侯国。
Tong was organized as a marquisate.
146
〖睢陵〗
Suiling County.
147
〖下相〗
Xiaxiang County.
148
〖淮阴〗
Huaiyin County.
149
〖淮浦〗
Huaipu County.
150
〖盱台〗
Xutai County.
151
〖高山〗
Gaoshan County.
152
〖潘旌〗
Panjing County.
153
〖淮陵〗
Huailing County.
154
〖取虑〗有蒲姑陂。
Qulü contained the Pugu marshlands.
155
〖东成〗
Dongcheng County.
156
〖曲阳〗侯国，故属东海。
Quyang was a marquisate transferred from Donghai.
157
〖司吾〗侯国，故属东海。
Siwu was another marquisate once under Donghai.
158
〖良成〗故属东海。 春秋时曰良。
Liangcheng had been Donghai territory. The chronicles record the old name Liang.
159
〖夏丘〗故属沛。
Xiaqiu had once been part of Pei.
160
右徐州刺史部，郡、国五，县、邑、侯国六十二。
These entries close the Xuzhou inspectorate: five commanderies and kingdoms and sixty-two county-level seats altogether.