1
志第二十一郡国三
Treatise 21: “Commanderies and States,” Part Three.
2
陈留东郡东平任城泰山济北山阳济阴
This section treats Chenliu, Dong, Dongping, Rencheng, Taishan, Jibei, Shanyang, and Jiyin.
3
东海琅邪彭城广陵下邳
It also covers Donghai, Langye, Pengcheng, Guangling, and Xiapi.
4
陈留郡武帝置。 雒阳东五百三十里。 十七城，户十七万七千五百二十九，口八十六万九千四百三十三。
Chenliu Commandery was first set up under Emperor Wu of Han. Its seat lay about five hundred thirty li east of Luoyang. The commandery comprised seventeen county seats, 177,729 households, and 869,433 people.
5
〖陈留〗有鸣雁亭。
At Chenliu there was Mingyan Pavilion.
6
〖浚仪〗本大梁。
Junyi had been the old capital of Daliang.
7
〖尉氏〗
Weishi County.
8
〖雍丘〗本杞国。
Yongqiu was the territory of the ancient state of Qi.
9
〖襄邑〗有滑亭。 有承匡城。
Xiangyi had Hua Pavilion and the walled settlement of Chengkang. The same county also contained Chengkang.
10
〖外黄〗有葵丘聚，齐桓公会此，城中有曲棘里。 有繁阳城。
Waihuang held Kuiqiu, where Duke Huan of Qi met the other rulers, and within its walls lay Quji Lane; Fanyang city stood there as well. Fanyang was another fortified place in the county.
11
〖小黄〗
Xiaohuang County.
12
〖东昬〗
Donghun County.
13
〖济阳〗
Jiyang County.
14
〖平丘〗有临济亭，田儋死此。 有匡。 有黄池亭。
Pingqiu included Linji Pavilion, where Tian Dan met his death, together with Kuang and Huangchi Pavilion. The county also had Kuang. Huangchi Pavilion lay within its bounds.
15
〖封丘〗有桐牢亭，或曰古虫牢。
Fengqiu had Tonglao Pavilion, which some identify with the old Chonglao stockade.
16
〖酸枣〗
Suanzao County.
17
〖长垣〗侯国。 有匡城。 有蒲城。 有祭城。
Changyuan was organized as a marquisate and contained the settlements of Kuang, Pu, and Ji. Kuang city stood there. Pu city was in the county. Ji city was also recorded.
18
〖己吾〗有大棘乡。 有首乡。
Jiwu had Daji Township and Shou Township. Shou Township lay in the same county.
19
〖考城〗故菑，章帝更名。 故属梁。
Kaocheng had once been called Zai until Emperor Zhang changed the name; it had belonged to Liang. Earlier it was under Liang’s jurisdiction.
20
〖圉〗故属淮阳。 有高阳亭。
Yu had previously been part of Huaiyang. Gaoyang Pavilion was located there.
21
〖扶沟〗故属淮阳。
Fugou, too, had once been assigned to Huaiyang.
22
东郡秦置。 去雒阳八百余里。 十五城，户十三万六千八十八，口六十万三千三百九十三。
Dong Commandery dated from the Qin founding of the empire. It lay a little over eight hundred li from Luoyang. The commandery counted fifteen seats, 136,088 households, and 603,393 inhabitants.
23
〖濮阳〗古昆吾国，春秋时曰濮。 有咸城，或曰古咸国。 有清丘。 有鉏城。
Puyang was old Kunwu territory and was known simply as Pu in Spring and Autumn times. There was Xian city, which some take for the polity of Xian. Qingqiu was another site. The county also held Chu city.
24
〖燕〗本南燕国。 有雍乡。 有胙城，古胙国。 有平阳亭。 有瓦亭。 有桃城。
Yan had been the heartland of Southern Yan. Yong Township lay within it. Zuocheng preserved the ground of the old state of Zuo. Pingyang Pavilion was noted there. Wa Pavilion appears in the gazetteer. Tao city was another landmark.
25
〖白马〗有韦乡。
Baima contained Wei Township.
26
〖顿丘〗
Dunqiu County.
27
〖东阿〗有清亭。
Dong’e had Qing Pavilion.
28
〖东武阳〗湿水出。
The Shi River rose in Dongwuyang.
29
〖范〗有秦亭。
Fan had Qin Pavilion.
30
〖临邑〗有沛庙。
At Linyi stood a temple honoring the Marquis of Pei.
31
〖博平〗
Boping County.
32
〖聊城〗有夷仪聚。 有聂城。
Liaocheng held Yiyi Gathering and Nie city. Nie city was in the county.
33
〖发干〗
Fagan County.
34
〖乐平〗侯国。 故清，章帝更名。
Leping was a marquisate once called Qing until Emperor Zhang altered the name. The old name Qing was retired by Emperor Zhang’s edict.
35
〖阳平〗侯国。 有莘亭。 有冈成城。
Yangping was a marquisate with Shen Pavilion and Gangcheng city. Shen Pavilion lay there. Gangcheng city appears in the record.
36
〖卫〗公国。 本观故国，姚姓，光武更名。 有河牧城。 有竿城。
Wei was ranked as a ducal fief. It had been the old polity of Guan, of the Yao lineage, until Emperor Guangwu changed the designation. Hemu city stood in the state. Gan city was also listed.
37
〖穀城〗春秋时小穀。 有巂下聚。
Gucheng was the “Lesser Gu” of Spring and Autumn annals. Xu Xia Gathering lay in its territory.
38
东平国故梁，景帝分为济东国，宣帝改。 雒阳东九百七十五里。 七城，户七万九千一十二，口四十四万八千二百七十。
Dongping had been Liang until Emperor Jing carved out eastern Ji and Emperor Xuan reorganized it into this kingdom. Its capital sat about nine hundred seventy-five li east of Luoyang. Seven county seats, 79,012 households, and 448,270 people fell under its administration.
39
〖无盐〗本宿国，任姓。 有章城。
Wuyan had been Su, ruled by the Ren clan, and still held Zhang city. Zhang city was in the county.
40
〖东平陆〗六国时曰平陆。 有阚亭。 有堂阳亭。
Dongping Lu was known as Pinglu in the Warring States period and contained Kan and Tangyang pavilions. Kan Pavilion was there. Tangyang Pavilion appears in the same entry.
41
〖富成〗
Fucheng County.
42
〖章〗
Zhang County.
43
〖寿张〗春秋曰良，汉曰寿良，光武改曰寿张。 有堂聚，故聚属东郡。
Shouzhang had read Liang in the chronicles, then Shouliang under Western Han, until Emperor Guangwu fixed the present form. Tang Gathering was an old Dong commandery settlement carried over into this county.
44
〖须昌〗故属东郡。 有致密城，古中都。 有阳穀城。
Xuchang had once been filed under Dong. It held Zhimi city, identified with ancient Zhongdu, and Yanggu city. Yanggu city completed the note.
45
〖宁阳〗故属泰山。
Ningyang had previously been part of Taishan Commandery.
46
任城国章帝元和元年，分东平为任城。 雒阳东千一百里。 三城，户三万六千四百四十二，口十九万四千一百五十六。
In 84 CE, the first year of Emperor Zhang’s Yuanhe era, territory was split from Dongping to create the kingdom of Rencheng. The kingdom lay roughly eleven hundred li east of Luoyang. It comprised three seats, 36,442 households, and 194,156 subjects.
47
〖任城〗本任国。 有桃聚。
Rencheng had been the old state of Ren. Tao Gathering was in the county.
48
〖亢父〗
Kangfu County.
49
〖樊〗
Fan County.
50
泰山郡高帝置。 雒阳东千四百里。 十二城，户八千九百二十九，口四十三万七千三百一十七。
Taishan Commandery was founded in Emperor Gao’s reign. It stood about fourteen hundred li east of Luoyang. Twelve county seats, 8,929 households, and 437,317 people were registered.
51
〖奉高〗有明堂，武帝造。
Fenggao held Emperor Wu’s Bright Hall.
52
〖博〗有泰山庙。 岱山在西北。 有龟山。 有龙乡城。
Bo maintained the great shrine to Mount Tai. Sacred Mount Dai rose to the northwest of the county. Gui Mountain was named there. Longxiang city appears in the same list.
53
〖梁甫〗侯国。 有菟裘聚。
Liangfu was a marquisate with Tuqiu Gathering. Tuqiu Gathering lay within its borders.
54
〖钜平〗侯国。 有亭禅山。 有阳关亭。
Juping was organized as a marquisate. Mount Tingchan rose in the county. Yangguan Pavilion stood there as well.
55
〖嬴〗有铁。
Ying was a noted iron-working county.
56
〖山茌〗侯国。
Shanchi held marquisate rank.
57
〖莱芜〗有原山，潘水出。
Laiwu contained Mount Yuan, where the Pan River had its source.
58
〖盖〗沂水出。
The Yi River rose in the territory of Gai.
59
〖南武阳〗侯国。 有颛臾城。
Nanwuyang was another marquisate seat. The old settlement of Zhuanyu lay within it.
60
〖南城〗故属东海。 有东阳城。
Nancheng had once been administered from Donghai Commandery. Dongyang city was listed in the same entry.
61
〖费〗侯国，故属东海。 有祊亭。 有台亭。
Fei was a marquisate carved out of the old Donghai jurisdiction. The county also recorded Bēng Pavilion by the spirit path. Tai Pavilion appears beside it in the gazetteer.
62
〖牟〗故国。
Mou preserved the memory of an independent polity of old.
63
济北国和帝永元二年，分泰山置。 雒阳东千一百五十里。 五城，户四万五千六百八十九，口二十三万五千八百九十七。
In 90 CE, Yongyuan 2 of Emperor He, territory was split from Taishan to found the kingdom of Jibei. Its capital lay about eleven hundred fifty li east of Luoyang. The kingdom comprised five seats, 45,689 households, and 235,897 people.
64
〖卢〗有平阴城。 有防门。 有光里。 有景兹山。 有敖山。 有清亭。 有长城至东海。
Lu contained Pingyin city. Fang Gate, the old Qi defensive pass, was located there. Guang ward appears among its settlements. Mount Jingzi was another landmark. Mount Ao is named in the same list. Qing Pavilion stood in the county. A stretch of the Long Wall ran eastward as far as the sea.
65
〖蛇丘〗有遂乡。 有下讙亭。 有铸乡城。
Sheqiu held Sui Township. Lower Huan Pavilion lay in the same county. Zhu Township city was a fortified place for foundries.
66
〖成〗本国。
Cheng was the kingdom’s own seat of government.
67
〖茌平〗本属东郡。
Chiping had earlier been filed under Dong Commandery.
68
〖刚〗
Gang County.
69
山阳郡故梁，景帝分置。 雒阳东八百一十里。 十城，户十万九千八百九十八，口六十万六千九十一。
Shanyang Commandery was carved from the old Liang domain when Emperor Jing reorganized the region. It sat some eight hundred ten li east of Luoyang. Ten county seats, 109,898 households, and 606,091 inhabitants were registered.
70
〖昌邑〗刺史治。 有梁丘城。 有甲父亭。
Changyi served as the residence of the inspector for this province. Liangqiu city appears in the record. Jiafu Pavilion is also named.
71
〖东缗〗春秋时曰缗。
Dongmin had read simply “Min” in the chronicles of the Springs and Autumns.
72
〖钜野〗有大野泽。
Juye embraced the Great Wild Marsh.
73
〖高平〗侯国。 故橐，章帝更名。 有茅乡城。
Gaoping was organized as a marquisate. The place had been called Tuo until Emperor Zhang altered the name. Mao Township city stood in its borders.
74
〖湖陆〗故湖陵，章帝更名。
Hulu was the old Huling, which Emperor Zhang redesignated.
75
〖南平阳〗侯国。 有漆亭。 有闾丘亭。
Nanpingyang held marquisate status. Qi Pavilion lay there. Luqiu Pavilion is listed beside it.
76
〖方与〗有武唐亭，鲁侯观鱼台。 有泥母亭，或曰古甯母。
Fangyu contained Wutang Pavilion and the terrace from which the Marquis of Lu watched the fish. Nimu Pavilion appears there, which some identify with old Ningmu.
77
〖瑕丘〗
Xiaqiu County.
78
〖金乡〗
Jinxiang County.
79
〖防东〗
Fangdong County.
80
济阴郡故梁，景帝分置。 雒阳东八百里。 十一城，户十三万三千七百一十五，口六十五万七千五百五十四。
Jiyin Commandery was another slice of the former Liang heartland created under Emperor Jing. Its seat was about eight hundred li east of Luoyang. Eleven county seats, 133,715 households, and 657,554 people fell under its administration.
81
〖定陶〗本曹国，古陶，尧所居。 有三鬷亭。
Dingtao had been the state of Cao, the old land of Tao where the sage Yao once lived. Sanzong Pavilion is named in the same entry.
82
〖冤句〗有煮枣城。
Yuanqu contained the walled place called Zhuzao.
83
〖成阳〗有尧冢、灵台，有雷泽。
Chengyang held Yao’s burial mound, the Spirit Terrace, and the marsh of Lei.
84
〖乘氏〗侯国。 有泗水。 有鹿城乡。
Chengshi was organized as a marquisate. The Si River crossed the county. Lucheng Township appears in the gazetteer.
85
〖句阳〗有垂亭。
Gouyang had Chui Pavilion.
86
〖鄄城〗
Juancheng County.
87
〖离狐〗故属东郡。
Lihu had once been part of Dong Commandery.
88
〖廪丘〗故属东郡。 有高鱼城。 有运城。
Linqiu, too, had been under Dong Commandery. Gaoyu city stood in the county. Yuncheng is also recorded.
89
〖单父〗侯国，故属山阳。
Shanfu was a marquisate transferred from Shanyang Commandery.
90
〖成武〗故属山阳。 有郜城。
Chengwu had previously been administered with Shanyang. The old city of Gao lay within its bounds.
91
〖己氏〗故属梁。
Jishi had once belonged to Liang.
92
右兗州刺史部，郡、国八，县、邑、公、侯国八十。
Together these units made up the Yanzhou inspectorate: eight commanderies and kingdoms and eighty counties, towns, and marquisates.
93
东海郡高帝置，雒阳东千五百里。 十三城，户十四万八千七百八十四，口七十万六千四百一十六。
Donghai Commandery, founded under Emperor Gao, stretched about fifteen hundred li east of Luoyang. It comprised thirteen county seats, 148,784 households, and 706,416 inhabitants.
94
〖郯〗本国，刺史治。
Tan was the commandery’s own seat and the inspector’s residence.
95
〖兰陵〗有次室亭。
Lanling contained Cishi Pavilion.
96
〖戚〗
Qi County.
97
〖朐〗有铁。 有伊卢乡。
Qu was another iron-producing county. Yilu Township lay in the same county.
98
〖襄贲〗
Xiangben County.
99
〖昌虑〗有蓝乡。
Changlü held Lan Township.
100
〖承〗
Cheng County.
101
〖阴平〗
Yinping County.
102
〖利城〗
Licheng County.
103
〖合乡〗
Hexiang County.
104
〖祝其〗有羽山。 春秋时曰祝其，夹谷地。
Zhuqi contained storied Mount Yu. Annalists knew the place as Zhuqi, the Jiagu terrain of the covenant.
105
〖厚丘〗
Houqiu County.
106
〖赣榆〗本属琅邪，建初五年复。
Ganyu had been Langye territory until the fifth year of Jianchu returned it to Donghai.
107
琅邪国秦置。 建武中省城阳国，以其县属。 雒阳东一千五百里。 十三城，户二万八百四，口五十七万九百六十七。
Langye Kingdom was established by Qin. In the Jianwu era the Chengyang kingdom was struck off and its counties folded in here. The kingdom lay fifteen hundred li east of Luoyang. Thirteen seats, 20,804 households, and 570,967 people completed its rolls.
108
〖开阳〗故属东海，建初五年属。
Kaiyang had been Donghai ground until Jianchu 5 transferred it to Langye.
109
〖东武〗
Dongwu County.
110
〖琅邪〗
Langye County.
111
〖东莞〗有郓亭。 有邳乡。 有公来山。 或曰古浮来。
Dongguan held Yun Pavilion. Pi Township appears in the same note. Mount Gonglai rose in the county. Some authorities identify the peak with old Mount Fulai.
112
〖西海〗
Xihai County.
113
〖诸〗
Zhu County.
114
〖莒〗本国，故属城阳。 有铁。 有峥嵘谷。
Ju was the kingdom’s seat and had once lain under Chengyang’s administration. Iron was mined in the county. Zhengrong Valley cut through its hills.
115
〖东安〗故属城阳。
Dong’an had earlier been part of Chengyang Commandery.
116
〖阳都〗故属城阳。 有牟台。
Yangdu, too, had once been filed under Chengyang. Mou Terrace overlooked the same district.
117
〖临沂〗故属东海。 有丛亭。
Linyi had previously belonged to Donghai Commandery. Cong Pavilion stood in the county.
118
〖即丘〗侯国，故属东海，春秋曰祝丘。
Jiqiu was a marquisate taken from Donghai and known in the chronicles as Zhuqiu.
119
〖缯〗侯国，故属东海。 有概亭。
Zeng was another marquisate carved from old Donghai territory. Gai Pavilion appears in the gazetteer.
120
〖姑幕〗
Gumu County.
121
彭城国高祖置为楚，章帝改。 雒阳东千二百二十里。 八城，户八万六千一百七十，口四十九万三千二十七。
Emperor Gao had first founded the kingdom as Chu until Emperor Zhang redesignated it Pengcheng. Its capital lay about twelve hundred twenty li east of Luoyang. Eight county seats, 86,170 households, and 493,027 inhabitants were counted.
122
〖彭城〗有铁。
Pengcheng was an iron-working county.
123
〖武原〗
Wuyuan County.
124
〖傅阳〗有柤水。
The Zha River flowed through Fuyang.
125
〖吕〗
Lü County.
126
〖留〗
Liu County.
127
〖梧〗
Wu County.
128
〖菑丘〗
Ziqiu County.
129
〖广戚〗故属沛。
Guangqi had once been administered from Pei.
130
广陵郡景帝置为江都，武帝更名。 建武中省泗水国，以其县属。 雒阳东一千六百四十里。 十一城，户八万三千九百七，口四十一万一千一百九十。
Emperor Jing first organized the area as Jiangdu until Emperor Wu renamed it Guangling Commandery. Under Guangwu’s Jianwu reign the Sishui kingdom was struck off and its counties merged in here. The commandery sat some sixteen hundred forty li east of Luoyang. Eleven seats, 83,907 households, and 413,190 people were registered.
131
〖广陵〗有东陵亭。
Guangling contained Dongling Pavilion.
132
〖江都〗有江水祠。
Jiangdu maintained a cult hall for the great river.
133
〖高邮〗
Gaoyou County.
134
〖平安〗
Ping’an County.
135
〖凌〗故属泗水。
Ling had once been part of the Sishui kingdom.
136
〖东阳〗故属临淮。 有长洲泽，吴王濞太仓在此。
Dongyang had previously been Linhuai territory. Changzhou Marsh lay in the county, where King Bi of Wu had built his river granary.
137
〖射阳〗故属临淮。
Sheyang had also been under Linhuai.
138
〖盐渎〗故属临淮
Yandu was another county transferred from Linhuai.
139
〖舆〗侯国，故属临淮。
Yu was a marquisate taken from Linhuai.
140
〖堂邑〗故属临淮。 有铁。 春秋时曰堂。
Tangyi had once been administered with Linhuai. The county produced iron. Spring and Autumn records knew the place simply as Tang.
141
〖海西〗故属东海。
Haixi had belonged to Donghai Commandery before the reorganization.
142
下邳国武帝置为临淮郡，永平十五年更为下邳国。 雒阳东千四百里。 十七城，户十三万六千三百八十九，口六十一万一千八十三。
Emperor Wu had first set the region up as Linhuai Commandery, and in 72 CE, Yongping 15, it was elevated to the kingdom of Xiapi. The kingdom lay about fourteen hundred li east of Luoyang. Seventeen county seats, 136,389 households, and 611,083 subjects completed its rolls.
143
〖下邳〗本属东海。 有葛峄山，本峄阳山。 有铁。
Xiapi had once been a Donghai county. Mount Geyi rose there, once known as Yiyang Mountain. Iron was worked in the same county.
144
〖徐〗本国。 有楼亭，或曰古蒌林。
Xu was the kingdom’s own ancient seat. Lou Pavilion is named there, which some identify with old Loulin.
145
〖僮〗侯国。
Tong was organized as a marquisate.
146
〖睢陵〗
Suiling County.
147
〖下相〗
Xiaxiang County.
148
〖淮阴〗
Huaiyin County.
149
〖淮浦〗
Huaipu County.
150
〖盱台〗
Xutai County.
151
〖高山〗
Gaoshan County.
152
〖潘旌〗
Panjing County.
153
〖淮陵〗
Huailing County.
154
〖取虑〗有蒲姑陂。
Qulü contained the Pugu marshlands.
155
〖东成〗
Dongcheng County.
156
〖曲阳〗侯国，故属东海。
Quyang was a marquisate transferred from Donghai.
157
〖司吾〗侯国，故属东海。
Siwu was another marquisate once under Donghai.
158
〖良成〗故属东海。 春秋时曰良。
Liangcheng had been Donghai territory. The chronicles record the old name Liang.
159
〖夏丘〗故属沛。
Xiaqiu had once been part of Pei.
160
右徐州刺史部，郡、国五，县、邑、侯国六十二。
These entries close the Xuzhou inspectorate: five commanderies and kingdoms and sixty-two county-level seats altogether.