1
熙宗弘基纘武莊靖孝成皇帝，諱亶，本諱合剌，太祖孫，景宣皇帝子。 母蒲察氏。 天輔三年己亥歲生。 天會八年，諳班勃極烈杲薨，太宗意久未決。 十年，左副元帥宗翰、右副元帥宗輔、左監軍完顏希尹入朝，與宗幹議曰：「諳班勃極烈虛位已久，今不早定，恐授非其人。 合剌，先帝嫡孫，當立。」 相與請于太宗者再三，乃從之。 四月庚午，詔曰：「爾爲太祖之嫡孫，故命爾爲諳班勃極烈，其無自謂沖幼，狎于童戲，惟敬厥德。」 諳班勃極烈者，太宗嘗居是官，及登大位，以命弟杲。 杲薨，帝定議爲儲嗣，故以是命焉。
Emperor Xizong—posthumously styled Broad Foundation, Continuing Martial Prowess, Solemn and Tranquil, Filial and Accomplished—was taboo-named Dan, born Hela, a grandson of Taizu and son of Emperor Jingxuan. His mother belonged to the Pucha clan. He was born in the third year of Tianfu (the jihai year). In the eighth year of Tianhui the an-ban boji lie Gao died, and Taizong had still not settled on a successor. In the tenth year, Zonghan as left deputy commander-in-chief, Zongfu as right deputy commander-in-chief, and Wanyan Xiyin as left army supervisor came to court and urged Zonggan: “The heir’s seat has been empty too long. Delay now and we may set the wrong man upon it. Hela is the late sovereign’s legitimate grandson—he is the one to install.” They pressed Taizong again and again until he finally agreed. On gengwu in the fourth month an edict ran: “You are Taizu’s legitimate grandson, and I therefore name you an-ban boji lie. Do not plead youth and turn the office into a game—cultivate your virtue alone.” The an-ban boji lie was the post Taizong himself had once held; on taking the throne he gave it to his brother Gao. After Gao’s death Taizong chose him as successor, and this appointment followed.
2
五月甲申，左副元帥宗輔薨。 九月壬申，追尊皇考豐王爲景宣皇帝，廟號徽宗，皇妣蒲察氏爲惠昭皇后。 戊寅，尊太祖后紇石烈氏、太宗后唐括氏皆爲太皇太后，詔中外。 乙酉，改葬徽宗及惠昭后爲興陵。
On jiashen in the fifth month the left deputy commander-in-chief Zongfu died. On renshen in the ninth month his late father, Prince Feng, was raised posthumously to Emperor Jingxuan (temple name Huizong), and his late mother, Lady Pucha, to Empress Huizhao. On wuyin the widows of Taizu (He-shilie) and Taizong (Tangguo) were both elevated to grand empress dowager, and the decree was proclaimed within and without. On yiyou Emperor Huizong and Empress Huizhao were moved to Xingling.
3
十一月，以尚書令宋國王宗磐爲太師。 乙亥，初頒曆。 己卯，以元帥左監完顏希尹爲尚書左丞相兼侍中，太子少保高慶裔爲左丞，平陽尹蕭慶爲右丞。 己丑，建天開殿爲爻剌。 十二月癸亥，始定齊、高麗、夏朝賀、賜宴、朝辭儀。 以京西鹿囿賜農民。
In the eleventh month Zongpan, prince of Song and chief minister of the Department of State Affairs, was appointed grand preceptor. On yihai the calendar was issued for the first time. On jimao Wanyan Xiyin, left army supervisor, became left director of the Department of State Affairs and palace attendant; Gao Qingyi, junior mentor to the crown prince, became left vice director; and Xiao Qing, intendant of Pingyang, became right vice director. On jichou the Tian Kai Hall was set up as the Yaola residence. On guihai in the twelfth month the forms for congratulatory audiences, banquets, and farewell audiences from Qi, Goryeo, and Western Xia were established for the first time. The game preserve west of the capital was given over to farmer cultivation.
4
十四年正月己巳朔，上朝太皇太后于兩宮。 齊、高麗、夏遣使來賀。 癸酉，頒曆爲高麗。 丁丑，太皇太后紇石烈氏崩。 乙酉，萬壽節，齊、高麗、夏遣使來賀。 上本七月七日生，以同皇考忌日，改用正月十七日。 二月癸卯，上尊諡曰欽憲皇后，葬睿陵。 三月壬午，乙太保宗翰、太師宗磐、太傅宗幹並領三省事。 丁酉，高麗遣使來吊。 八月丙辰，追尊九代祖以下曰皇帝、皇后，定始祖、景祖、世祖、太祖、太宗廟皆不祧。 癸亥，詔齊國與本朝軍民訴訟相關者，文移署年，止用天會。 十月甲寅，以吳激爲高麗王生日使，蕭仲恭爲齊劉豫回謝並生日正旦使。
On jisi, New Year’s Day of the first month in the fourteenth year, the emperor paid court to the grand empress dowagers in both palaces. Qi, Goryeo, and Western Xia sent envoys with congratulations. On guiyou the calendar was issued to Goryeo. On dingchou Grand Empress Dowager He-shilie died. On yiyou, the Longevity Festival, Qi, Goryeo, and Western Xia sent congratulatory envoys. He had been born on the seventh day of the seventh month, but because that day fell on his late father’s death anniversary he moved the celebration to the seventeenth of the first month. On guimao in the second month she was given the posthumous title Empress Qinxian and buried at Ruiling. On renyang in the third month Grand Guardian Zonghan, Grand Preceptor Zongpan, and Grand Tutor Zonggan jointly headed the Three Departments. On dingyou Goryeo sent envoys to mourn. On bingchen in the eighth month forebears from the ninth generation back were raised to emperor and empress; the shrines of the First Ancestor, Jingzu, Shizu, Taizu, and Taizong were all declared perpetual and not to be removed. On guihai an edict ruled that when Jin soldiers or civilians and subjects of Qi brought suits against one another, official papers should be dated only in the Tianhui reign. On jiayin in the tenth month Wu Ji was sent as envoy for the Goryeo king’s birthday, and Xiao Zhonggong as envoy to return Liu Yu’s thanks to Qi and to observe New Year’s Day.
5
天眷元年正月戊子朔，上朝明德宮。 高麗、夏遣使來賀。 頒女直小字。 封大司空昱爲王。 甲辰，萬壽節，高麗、夏遣使來賀。 二月壬戌，上如爻剌春水。 乙丑，幸天開殿。 己巳，詔罷來流水、混同江護邏地，與民耕牧。 三月庚寅，以禁苑隙地分給百姓。 戊申，以韓昉爲翰林學士。
In the first year of Tianjuan, on wuzi, New Year’s Day, the emperor held court at Mingde Palace. Goryeo and Western Xia sent envoys with congratulations. The Jurchen small script was issued. Yu, grand minister of works, was enfeoffed as a prince. On jiachen, the Longevity Festival, Goryeo and Western Xia sent congratulatory envoys. On renxu in the second month the emperor went to the Yaola spring camp. On yichou he visited the Tian Kai Hall. On jisi an edict ended patrol restrictions along the Laishui and Huntong rivers and opened the ground to plowing and pasture. On gengyin in the third month unused ground in the imperial park was parceled out to the people. On wushen Han Fang was appointed Hanlin academician.
6
四月丁卯，命少府監盧彥倫營建宮室，止從儉素。 壬午，朝享爲天元殿。 立裴滿氏爲貴妃。 五月己亥，詔以經義、詞賦兩科取士。
On dingmao in the fourth month Lu Yanlun, junior director of the palace storehouse, was charged to build the palaces on a spare and simple scale. On renyang the morning audience was held in the Tianyuan Hall. Lady Peiman was installed as noble consort. On jihai in the fifth month an edict opened examinations in two subjects—classics and fu rhapsody—to select officials.
7
六月戊午，上至自天開殿。 秋七月辛卯，左副元帥撻懶、東京留守宗雋來朝。 丁酉，按出滸河溢，壞廬舍，民多溺死。 壬寅，左丞相希尹罷。 八月甲寅朔，頒行官制。 癸亥，回鶻遣使朝貢。 己卯，以河南地與宋。 以右司侍郎張通古等使江南。 以京師爲上京，府曰會寧，舊上京爲北京。 九月甲申朔，以奭爲會甯牧，封鄧王。 乙未，詔百官誥命，女直、契丹、漢人各用本字，渤海同漢人。 丁酉，改燕京樞密院爲行台尚書省。 戊戌，上朝明德宮。 甲辰，以奕爲平章政事。 己酉，省燕中西三京、平州東、西等路州縣。 辛亥，權行台左丞相張孝純致仕。
On wuwu in the sixth month the emperor returned from the Tian Kai Hall. On xinmao in the seventh month Tatlan, left deputy commander-in-chief, and Zongjun, defender of the Eastern Capital, arrived at court. On dingyou the Chushui burst its banks, wrecking dwellings and drowning many. On renyin the left chief councillor Xiyin was removed from office. In the eighth month, on jiayin, the new moon, the court issued its system of official ranks. On guihai the Uyghurs sent envoys to court with tribute. On jimao the Henan territories were ceded to Song. Zhang Tonggu of the Department of State Affairs and others were dispatched as envoys to Jiangnan. The seat of government was declared the Upper Capital, its prefecture named Huining, while the old Upper Capital was redesignated the Northern Capital. On jiashen, the ninth month’s new moon, Shi was appointed superintendent of Huining and enfeoffed as prince of Deng. On yimao an edict ruled that official commissions be written in each man’s own script—Jurchen, Khitan, or Chinese—with Bohai treated like Chinese. On dingyou the Yanjing Military Affairs Commission was converted into a Branch Secretariat. On wuxu the emperor held court at Mingde Palace. On jiachen Yi was appointed grand councilor. On jiyou the court abolished prefectures and counties in Yan’s three western capitals and along Pingzhou’s eastern and western circuits. On xinhai Zhang Xiaochun, acting left chief councillor of the Branch Secretariat, retired.
8
十月甲寅朔，以御前管勾契丹文字李德固爲參知政事。 丙寅，封叔宗強爲紀王，宗敏邢王，太宗子斛魯補等十三人爲王。 己巳，始禁親王以下佩刀入宮。 辛未，定封國制。 癸酉，以東京留守宗雋爲尚書左丞相兼侍中，封陳王。 十一月丙辰，以康宗以上畫像工畢，奠獻爲乾元殿。 十二月癸亥，新宮成。 甲戌，高麗遣使入貢。 丁丑，立貴妃裴滿氏爲皇后。
On jiayin, the tenth month’s new moon, Li Degu, who managed Khitan script in the imperial presence, became vice grand councilor. On bingyin Uncle Zongqiang was made prince of Ji and Zongmin prince of Xing; thirteen of Taizong’s sons, among them Hulubu, received princely titles. On jisi the court first barred princes and lower ranks from wearing swords inside the palace. On xinwei the statutes governing princely domains were promulgated. On guiyou Zongjun, defender of the Eastern Capital, became left director of the Department of State Affairs and palace attendant and was enfeoffed as prince of Chen. On bingchen in the eleventh month, once the portraits from Kangzong and his forebears were complete, they were installed with offerings in Qianyuan Hall. On guihai in the twelfth month the new palace was finished. On jiaxu Goryeo sent tribute envoys. On dingchou Lady Peiman, noble consort, was raised to empress.
9
二年正月壬午朔，高麗、夏遣使來賀。 戊戌，萬壽節，高麗、夏遣使來賀。 以左丞相宗雋爲太保、領三省事，進封袞國王。 興中尹完顏希尹復爲尚書左丞相兼侍中。 二月乙未，上如天開殿。 三月丙辰，命百官詳定儀制。 四月甲戌，百官朝參，初用朝服。 己卯，宋遣使謝河南地。
On renchen, New Year’s Day of the second year, Goryeo and Western Xia sent congratulatory envoys. On wuxu, the Longevity Festival, Goryeo and Western Xia sent envoys with congratulations. Zongjun, the left chief councillor, was made grand guardian, placed over the Three Departments, and advanced to prince of the Gun state. Wanyan Xiyin, intendant of Xingzhong, was restored as left director of the Department of State Affairs and palace attendant. On yimao in the second month the emperor went to the Tian Kai Hall. On bingchen in the third month the court ordered officials to draft the ritual code in full. On jiaxu in the fourth month the bureaucracy attended audience in court dress for the first time. On jimao Song dispatched envoys to thank the court for Henan.
10
五月戊子，太白晝見。 乙巳，上至自天開殿。 六月己酉朔，初御冠服。 辛亥，吳十謀反，伏誅。 己未，上從容謂侍臣曰：「朕每閱《貞觀政要》，見其君臣議論，大可規法。」 翰林學士韓昉對曰：「皆由太宗溫顏訪問，房、杜輩竭忠盡誠。 其書雖簡，足以爲法。」 上曰：「太宗固一代賢君，明皇何如？」 昉曰：「唐自太宗以來，惟明皇、憲宗可數。 明皇所謂有始而無終者。 初以艱危得位，用姚崇、宋璟，惟正是行，故能成開元之治。 末年怠于萬機，委政李林甫，奸諛是用，以致天寶之亂。 苟能慎終如始，則貞觀之風不難追矣。」 上稱善。 又曰：「周成王何如主？」 昉對曰：「古之賢君。」 上曰：「成王雖賢，亦周公輔佐之力。 後世疑周公殺其兄，以朕觀之，爲社稷大計，亦不當非也。」
On wuzi in the fifth month Venus appeared in daylight—an omen. On yisi the emperor returned from the Tian Kai Hall. On jiyou, the sixth month’s new moon, he first assumed formal cap and robes. On xinhai Wu Shi rose in rebellion and was put to death. On jiwei the emperor spoke easily to his attendants: “Whenever I read the Essentials of Government from the Zhenguan reign, I find the exchanges between ruler and ministers full of lessons worth following.” Han Fang of the Hanlin Academy answered: “That was because Taizong questioned them with a gentle face, and Fang Xuanling and Du Rumi poured out loyal counsel. The book is short, yet it is model enough.” The emperor said: “Taizong was a sage of his generation—what of Ming Huang?” Fang said: “After Taizong, only Ming Huang and Xianzong in Tang deserve to be named. Ming Huang is the ruler they say began well and ended badly. He took the throne in peril, put Yao Chong and Song Jing in office, and held to the straight path—thus the Kaiyuan order was achieved. In old age he tired of government, handed affairs to Li Linfu, and let flatterers rule—until the Tianbao rebellion broke out. Had he guarded the end as he did the beginning, the spirit of Zhenguan would not have been hard to win back.” The emperor said that was well put. He went on: “What kind of sovereign was King Cheng of Zhou?” Fang answered: “A sage of the ancients.” The emperor said: “King Cheng was wise, but it was the Duke of Zhou who made him so. Later ages suspect the Duke of Zhou murdered his brother; as I see it, for the sake of the realm such an act ought not be condemned.”
11
七月辛巳，宋國王宗磐、袞國王宗雋謀反，伏誅。 丙戌，以右副元帥宗弼爲都元帥，進封國王。 丁亥，以誅宗磐等詔中外。 己丑，以左副元帥撻懶爲台左丞相，杜充爲行台右丞相，蕭寶、耶律輝行台平章政事。 甲午，鹹州祥穩沂王暈坐與宗磐謀反，伏誅。 辛丑，乙太傅、領三省事宗幹爲太師，領三省如故，進封梁宋國王。
On xinsi in the seventh month Zongpan, prince of Song, and Zongjun, prince of the Gun state, conspired in rebellion and were executed. On bingxu the right deputy commander-in-chief Zongbi was named commander-in-chief and raised to princely rank. On dinghai an edict to the empire proclaimed the punishment of Zongpan and his fellow conspirators. On jichou Tatlan, left deputy commander-in-chief, became left chief councillor of the Branch Secretariat; Du Chong became right chief councillor of the Mobile Branch Secretariat; and Xiao Bao and Yelu Hui became mobile-branch vice grand councilors. On jiawu Prince Hun of Yin, xiangwen of Xianzhou, was put to death for conspiring with Zongpan. On xinchou Zonggan, grand preceptor and head of the Three Departments, was raised to grand master, kept charge of the Three Departments, and advanced to prince of the Liang-Song state.
12
八月辛亥，行台左相撻懶、翼王鶻懶及活離胡土、撻懶子斡帶、烏達補謀反，伏誅。 丁丑，太白晝見。
In the eighth month, on xinhai, Tatlan as mobile-branch left chief councillor, Wing Prince Huhen, Huoli Hutu, Tatlan’s son Wodai, and Udabu rose in rebellion and were executed. On dingchou Venus appeared in daylight—an omen.
13
五月丙子，詔元帥府復取河南、陝西地。 己卯，詔冊李仁孝爲夏國王。 命都元帥宗弼以兵自黎陽趨汴，右監軍撒離合出河中趨陝西。
In the fifth month, on bingzi, an edict commanded the marshalate to retake Henan and Shaanxi. On jimao an edict invested Li Renxiao as king of Western Xia. Commander-in-chief Zongbi was ordered to advance from Liyang on Bian, while right army supervisor Salihé was to move from Hezhong into Shaanxi.
14
是月，河南平。 六月，陝西平。 上次涼陘大旱。 使蕭彥讓、田鐧決西京囚。 秋七月癸卯朔，日有食之。 乙卯，宗弼遣使奏河南、陝西捷。 丁卯，詔文武官五品以上致仕，給俸祿之半，職三品者仍給傔人。
That month Henan was brought under control. In the sixth month Shaanxi was pacified. While the emperor was at Liang Pass a severe drought set in. He sent Xiao Yanrang and Tian Jian to review prisoners in the Western Capital. In autumn, on guimao, the seventh month’s new moon, the sun was eclipsed. On yimao Zongbi dispatched envoys announcing victory in Henan and Shaanxi. On dingmao an edict granted retired civil and military officials of the fifth rank and above half pay, and those who had held third rank or higher still received household staff.
15
皇統元年正月辛丑朔，高麗、夏遣使來賀。 庚戌，群臣上尊號曰崇天體道欽明文武聖德皇帝。 初御袞冕。 癸丑，謝太廟。 大赦。 改元。 丁巳，萬壽節，高麗、夏遣使來賀。 己未，初定命婦封號。 夏國請置榷場，許之。 己巳，封平章政事昂爲漆水郡王。
In the first year of Huangtong, on xinchou, New Year’s Day, Goryeo and Western Xia sent congratulatory envoys. On gengxu the court offered the honorific “Emperor Revering Heaven, Embodying the Way, Respectful and Illustrious in Civil and Military Sage Virtue.” For the first time he wore the full imperial regalia. On guichou he performed a thanksgiving rite at the Imperial Ancestral Temple. The court proclaimed a general amnesty. The reign era was changed. On dingsi, the Longevity Festival, Goryeo and Western Xia sent congratulatory envoys. On jiwei the ranks for ennobled consorts were established for the first time. Western Xia asked to open a border market; the court agreed. On jisi Grand Councilor Ang was enfeoffed as prince of Qishui commandery.
16
二月戊寅，詔諸致仕官職俱至三品者，俸祿人力各給其半。 宗弼克廬州。 乙酉，改封海濱王耶律延禧爲豫王，昏德公趙佶爲天水郡王，重昏侯趙桓爲天水郡公。 戊子，上親祭孔子廟，北面再拜。 退謂侍臣曰：「朕幼年遊佚，不知志學，歲月逾邁，深以爲悔。 孔子雖無位，其道可尊，使萬世景仰。 大凡爲善，不可不勉。」 自是頗讀《尚書》、《論語》及《五代》、《遼史》諸書，或以夜繼焉。
In the second month, on wuyin, an edict granted retired officials who had held third rank half pay and half their former household staff. Zongbi took Luzhou. On yiyou Coastal King Yelu Yanxi was redesignated prince of Yu, Deposed Duke Zhao Ji became duke of Tianwater commandery, and Twice-Deposed Marquis Zhao Huan became duke of Tianwater district. On wuzi the emperor sacrificed at the Temple of Confucius and bowed twice toward the north. Leaving the temple he told his attendants: “In youth I wasted my days and never fixed my mind on learning. The years have run on, and I regret it deeply. Confucius never held a throne, yet his Way deserves honor—something for ten thousand generations to look up to. Whatever good you mean to do, you must press on and do it.” After that he read widely in the Documents, the Analects, and histories such as those of the Five Dynasties and the Liao, often far into the night.
17
九月戊申，上至自燕京。 朝太皇太后于明德宮。 詔賜鰥寡孤獨不能自存者，人絹二匹、絮三斤。 是秋，蝗。 都元帥宗弼伐宋，渡淮。 以書讓宋，宋復書乞罷兵，宗弼以便宜畫淮爲界。
In the ninth month, on wushen, the emperor returned from Yanjing. He paid court to the grand empress dowager at Mingde Palace. An edict gave two bolts of silk and three jin of cotton wadding apiece to widowers, widows, orphans, and others unable to support themselves. That autumn locusts ravaged the land. Commander-in-chief Zongbi marched against Song and crossed the Huai. He wrote to rebuke Song; Song answered pleading for peace, and Zongbi on his own authority fixed the Huai as the border.
18
十一月己酉，高麗國賀受尊號。 稽古殿火。 十二月癸巳，夏國賀受尊號。 天水郡公趙桓乞本品俸，詔賙濟之。 左丞勖進先朝《實錄》三卷，上焚香立受之。
In the eleventh month, on jiyou, Goryeo sent envoys to congratulate him on his new honorific. Fire destroyed the Scrutinizing Antiquity Hall. In the twelfth month, on guisi, Western Xia sent congratulations on his new honorific. Duke of Tianwater district Zhao Huan petitioned for pay at his former rank; the court ordered him supported. Left vice director Xu presented three fascicles of the previous reign’s Veritable Records; the emperor burned incense and received them standing.
19
三月辛丑，還自天開殿。 大雪。 丙午，以宗弼爲太傅。 丙辰，遣左宣徽使劉筈以袞冕圭冊冊宋康王爲帝。 歸宋帝母韋氏及故妻邢氏、天水郡王並妻鄭氏喪爲江南。 戊午，立子濟安爲皇太子。 四月丙寅，以臣宋告中外。 庚午，五雲樓、重明等殿成。 五月癸巳朔，不視朝。 上自去年荒爲酒，與近臣飲，或繼以夜。 宰相入諫，輒飲以酒，曰：「知卿等意，今既飲矣，明日當戒。」 因復飲。 乙卯，賜宋誓詔。 辛酉，宴群臣于五雲樓，皆盡醉而罷。
In the third month, on xinchou, he returned from the Tian Kai Hall. Heavy snow fell. On bingwu Zongbi was appointed grand preceptor. On bingchen Left Palace Commissioner Liu Ke was dispatched with imperial robes, cap, and jade regalia to invest the Prince of Kang of Song as emperor. The former Song empress dowager Lady Wei, the former consort Lady Xing, Duke of Tianwater commandery Zhao Ji and Lady Zheng, and the duke’s coffin were escorted south to Jiangnan. On wuwu his son Ji’an was installed as crown prince. On bingyin in the fourth month an edict proclaimed vassalage to Song within and without the realm. On gengwu the Five Clouds Tower, the Hall of Double Brightness, and other palace halls were finished. On guisi, the fifth month’s new moon, he did not hold court. Since the previous year the emperor had given himself over to drink, carousing with close ministers far into the night. When grand councilors came to remonstrate, he would ply them with wine and say, “I know what you mean. I have drunk today; tomorrow I shall reform.” —and then drink again. On yimao the court sent Song the treaty oath edict. On xinyou he feasted the ministers in the Five Clouds Tower until every man was drunk.
20
七月甲午，回鶻遣使來貢。 北京、廣寧府蝗。 丁酉，賜宗弼金券。 八月丁卯，詔歸硃弁、張邵、洪皓于宋。 辛未，復太宗子胡盧爲王。 賑陝西。
On jiawu in the seventh month the Uyghurs sent tributary envoys. Locusts infested Beijing and Guangning prefecture. On dingyou Zongbi received a golden tally of authority. On dingmao in the eighth month an edict ordered Zhu Bian, Zhang Shao, and Hong Hao sent home to Song. On xinwei Taizong’s son Hulu was restored to princely status. The court granted famine relief in Shaanxi.
21
九月壬辰，詔給天水郡王子、侄、婿，天水郡公子俸給。
On renchen in the ninth month an edict granted stipends to the prince of Tianshui’s sons, nephews, and sons-in-law and to the duke of Tianshui’s sons.
22
三年正月己丑朔，以皇太子喪不御正殿，群臣詣便殿稱賀。 宋、高麗、夏使詣皇極殿遙賀。 乙巳，萬壽節，如正旦儀。 三月辛卯，以尚書左丞勖爲平章政事，殿前都點檢宗憲尚書左丞。 丁酉，太皇太后唐括氏崩。 己酉，封子道濟爲魏王。
On jichou, New Year’s Day of the third year, the crown prince’s death kept the emperor from the main hall; ministers offered New Year greetings at the side hall. Envoys from Song, Goryeo, and Western Xia offered distant congratulations at the Hall of Supreme Pole. On yisi, the Longevity Festival, ceremonies followed the New Year precedent. On xinmao in the third month Xu was promoted to chief councilor and Zongxian, commander of the palace guard, was named left vice director of the Department of State Affairs. On dingyou Grand Empress Dowager of the Tanggute clan died. On jiyou his son Daoji was enfeoffed as prince of Wei.
23
五月丁巳朔，京兆進瑞麥。 癸亥，上致祭太皇太后。 甲申，初立太廟、社稷。 六月己酉，初置驍毅軍。 七月丙寅，上致祭太皇太后。 庚辰，太原路進獬豸並瑞麥。
On dingsi, the fifth month’s new moon, Jingzhao presented stalks of auspicious wheat. On guihai the emperor offered sacrifices for the late grand empress dowager. On jiashen the court first established the imperial ancestral temple and the altars of soil and grain. On jiyou in the sixth month the court first established the Valiant Valor Army. On bingyin in the seventh month the emperor again sacrificed for the grand empress dowager. On gengchen Taiyuan circuit presented a xiezhi and stalks of auspicious wheat.
24
八月辛卯，詔給天水郡王孫及天水郡公婿俸祿。 丙申，老人星見。 乙巳，諡太皇太后曰欽仁皇后。 戊申，葬恭陵。 十二月癸未朔，日有食之。
On xinmao in the eighth month an edict granted stipends to grandsons of the prince of Tianshui and sons-in-law of the duke of Tianshui. On bingshen the Old Man star appeared—a portent of long life. On yisi the late grand empress dowager was posthumously titled Qinren. On wushen she was buried at Gongling. On guiwei, the twelfth month’s new moon, there was an eclipse of the sun.
25
四年正月癸丑朔，宋、高麗、夏遣使來賀。 甲寅，詔以去年宋幣賜始祖以下宗室。 己未，以宋使王倫爲平州轉運使，既受命，復辭，罪其反覆，誅之。 乙丑，陝西進嘉禾十有二莖，莖皆七穗。 己巳，萬壽節，宋、高麗、夏遣使來賀。 乙亥，上祭欽仁皇后，哭盡哀。 二月癸未，上如東京。 丙申，次百泊河春水。 丁酉，回鶻遣使來賀，以粘合韓奴報之。
On guichou, New Year’s Day of the fourth year, Song, Goryeo, and Western Xia sent envoys with congratulations. On jiayin an edict distributed last year’s Song tribute payments among the imperial clan from the Founder downward. On jiwei Wang Lun, a Song envoy, was named transport commissioner of Pingzhou; after accepting the post he tried to decline—for his vacillation he was executed. On yichou Shaanxi presented twelve stalks of auspicious grain, every stalk bearing seven ears. On jisi, the Longevity Festival, Song, Goryeo, and Western Xia sent congratulatory envoys. On yihai the emperor sacrificed for Empress Qinren and wept until grief was spent. On guiwei in the second month the emperor went to the Eastern Capital. On bingshen he paused for the spring hunt on the Baibo River. On dingyou Uyghur envoys came with congratulations; Nianhe Han’nu was sent in reply.
26
五月辛亥朔，次薰風殿。 六月辛巳朔，日有食之。
On xinhai, the fifth month’s new moon, he encamped at the Hall of Fragrant Breeze. On xinsi, the sixth month’s new moon, the sun was eclipsed.
27
五年正月丁未朔，宋、高麗、夏遣使來賀。 癸亥，萬壽節，宋、高麗、夏遣使來賀。 二月乙未，次濟州春水。 三月戊辰，次天開殿。 五月戊午，初用御制小字。 壬寅，以平章政事勖諫，上爲止酒，仍佈告廷臣。 六月乙亥朔，日有食之。
On dingwei, New Year’s Day of the fifth year, envoys from Song, Goryeo, and Western Xia came with congratulations. On guihai, the Longevity Festival, Song, Goryeo, and Western Xia sent congratulatory envoys. On yiwei in the second month he paused for the spring hunt at Jizhou. On wuchen in the third month he made camp at the Tian Kai Hall. On wuwu in the fifth month the court first used the emperor’s personal Jurchen small script. On renyin, moved by Chief Councilor Xu’s remonstrance, the emperor gave up wine and proclaimed the fact to his ministers. On yihai, the sixth month’s new moon, there was an eclipse of the sun.
28
八月戊戌，發天開殿。 九月庚申，至自東京。 十月辛卯，增諡太祖。 閏月戊寅，大名府進牛生麟。 壬辰，懷州進嘉禾。 十二月戊申，增諡始祖以下十帝及太宗、徽宗。 丁巳，赦。
In the eighth month, on wuxu, the emperor departed the Tian Kai Hall. In the ninth month, on gengshen, he returned from the Eastern Capital. In the tenth month, on xinmao, the court augmented Taizu’s posthumous title. In the intercalary month, on wuyin, Daming prefecture reported an ox that had calved a qilin. On renchen, Huaizhou presented stalks of auspicious grain. In the twelfth month, on wushen, the court augmented posthumous titles for the ten ancestral emperors from the Founder downward and for Taizong and Huizong. On dingsi the court proclaimed a general amnesty.
29
三月壬申，以阿離補爲行台右丞相。 四月庚子朔，上至自春水。 以同判大宗正事宗固爲太保、右丞相兼中書令。 戊午，行台右丞相阿離補薨。 五月壬申，高麗王楷薨。 辛卯，以左宣徽使劉筈爲行台右丞相。
In the third month, on renshen, Ali Bu was appointed right grand councilor of the mobile secretariat. On gengzi, the fourth month’s new moon, the emperor returned from the spring hunt. Zonggu, associate director of the Imperial Clan Court, was promoted to grand preceptor, right grand councilor, and concurrent director of the Secretariat. On wuwu Ali Bu, right grand councilor of the mobile secretariat, died. In the fifth month, on renshen, King Kojong of Goryeo died. On xinmao Left Palace Commissioner Liu Ke was named right grand councilor of the mobile secretariat.
30
七年正月乙丑朔，宋、高麗、夏遣使來賀。 辛巳，萬春節，宋、高麗、夏遣使來賀。 癸未，以西京鹿囿爲民田。 丁亥，太白經天。 三月戊寅，高麗遣使謝弔祭、起復。 四月戊午，宴便殿。 上醉酒，殺戶部尚書宗禮。 六月丁酉，殺橫海軍節度使田鐧、左司郎中奚毅、翰林待制邢具瞻及王植、高鳳廷、王效、趙益興、龔夷鑒等。
On yichou, New Year’s Day of the seventh year, envoys from Song, Goryeo, and Western Xia came with congratulations. On xinsi, the Longevity Festival, Song, Goryeo, and Western Xia sent congratulatory envoys. On guiwei the deer park at the Western Capital was converted to civilian farmland. On dinghai Venus crossed the sky—a celestial portent. In the third month, on wuyin, Goryeo sent envoys to thank the court for condolence rites and for authorization to leave mourning. In the fourth month, on wuwu, the emperor feasted in the side hall. Drunk, the emperor killed Zongli, minister of revenue. In the sixth month, on dingyou, he executed Henghai Army commissioner Tian Juan, Left Department director Xi Yi, Hanlin awaiting appointment Xing Juzhan, and Wang Zhi, Gao Fengting, Wang Xiao, Zhao Yixing, Gong Yijian, and others.
31
七月己巳，太白經天，曲赦畿內。 九月，太保、右丞相宗固薨。 以都元帥宗弼爲太師、領三省事，都元帥、行台尚書省事如故，平章政事勖爲左丞相兼侍中，都點檢宗賢爲右丞相兼中書令，行台右丞相劉筈、右丞蕭仲恭爲平章政事，李德固爲尚書右丞，秘書監蕭肄爲參知政事。 十月壬子，平章行台尚書省事奚寶薨。 十一月癸酉，以工部侍郎僕散太彎爲御史大夫。 乙亥，兵部尚書秉德進三角羊。 己卯，詔減常膳羊豕五之二。 癸未，以尚書左丞宗憲爲行台平章政事，同判大宗正事亮爲尚書左丞。 十二月戊午，參知政事韓昉罷。 兵部尚書秉德爲參知政事。
In the seventh month, on jisi, Venus again crossed the sky and the court granted a partial amnesty in the capital region. In the ninth month Grand Preceptor and Right Grand Councilor Zonggu died. Zongbi, supreme commander, was promoted to grand preceptor and put in charge of the Three Departments while retaining supreme command and direction of mobile secretariat affairs. Grand councilor Xu became left chief councilor and palace attendant. Palace guard commander Zongxian became right chief councilor and concurrent director of the Secretariat. Mobile secretariat right grand councilor Liu Ke and right vice director Xiao Zhonggong were named grand councilors; Li Degu became right vice director of the Department of State Affairs; and Secretariat director Xiao Zi became vice grand councilor. In the tenth month, on renzi, Grand Councilor of mobile secretariat affairs Xi Bao died. In the eleventh month, on guiyou, Works vice minister Pusan Taiwan was appointed censor-in-chief. On yihai Minister of War Bingde presented a sheep with three horns. On jimao an edict cut the court’s daily provision of sheep and swine by two-fifths. On guiwei Zongxian, left vice director of the Department of State Affairs, was named grand councilor of the mobile secretariat, and Imperial Clan associate director Liang was made left vice director. In the twelfth month, on wuwu, Vice Grand Councilor Han Fang was dismissed from office. Minister of War Bingde was promoted to vice grand councilor.
32
八年正月庚申朔，宋、高麗、夏遣使來賀。 丙子，萬壽節，宋、高麗、夏遣使來賀。 二月壬子，以哥魯葛波古等爲橫賜高麗、夏國使。 甲寅，以大理卿宗安等爲高麗王晛封冊使。 乙卯，上如天開殿。 四月戊子朔，日有食之。 辛丑，遣參知政事秉德等爲廉察官吏。 庚戌，至自天開殿。 甲寅，《遼史》成。 六月乙卯，平章政事蕭仲恭爲行台左丞相，左丞亮爲平章政事，都點檢唐括辯爲尚書左丞。 高麗遣使謝封冊。
On gengshen, New Year’s Day of the eighth year, envoys from Song, Goryeo, and Western Xia came with congratulations. On bingzi, the Longevity Festival, Song, Goryeo, and Western Xia sent congratulatory envoys. In the second month, on renzi, Goluge Bogu and others were dispatched as gift-bearing envoys to Goryeo and Western Xia. On jiayin Zong’an of the Court of Judicial Review and others were sent to invest King Xian of Goryeo. On yimao the emperor went to the Tian Kai Hall. On wuzi, the fourth month’s new moon, the sun was eclipsed. On xinchou Vice Grand Councilor Bingde and others were dispatched on an integrity inspection of officials. On gengxu he returned from the Tian Kai Hall. On jiayin the compilation of the History of Liao was completed. In the sixth month, on yimao, Grand Councilor Xiao Zhonggong became left grand councilor of the mobile secretariat, Left Vice Director Liang became grand councilor, and palace guard commander Tangguo Bian became left vice director of the Department of State Affairs. Goryeo sent envoys to thank the court for the investiture.
33
十一月壬辰，太白經天。 乙未，左丞相宗賢、左丞稟等言，州郡長吏當並用本國人。 上曰：「四海之內，皆朕臣子，若分別待之，豈能致一。 諺不雲乎，'疑人勿使，使人勿疑'。 自今本國及諸色人，量才通用之。」 辛丑，以尚書左丞相宗賢爲左副元帥，平章政事亮爲尚書左丞相兼侍中，參知政事秉德爲平章政事。 庚戌，左副元帥宗賢復爲太保，左丞相、左副元帥如故。 十二月乙卯，以右丞相蕭仲恭爲太傅、領三省事，左丞相亮爲尚書右丞相。 乙亥，以左丞相宗賢爲太師、領三省事兼都元帥。
In the eleventh month, on renchen, Venus again crossed the sky. On yiwei Left Chief Councilor Zongxian, Left Vice Director Bingde, and others urged that prefectural and circuit governors should all be Jurchens. The emperor said, “Within the four seas all are my subjects. If we treat people differently, how can we achieve unity? Does not the proverb say, ‘Do not employ one you doubt; do not doubt one you employ’? From now on, whether Jurchen or of other stocks, appoint each according to talent alone.” On xinchou Zongxian was named left vice commander-in-chief; Grand Councilor Liang became left chief councilor and palace attendant; and Vice Grand Councilor Bingde became grand councilor. On gengxu Zongxian was again made grand preceptor while retaining the posts of left chief councilor and left vice commander-in-chief. In the twelfth month, on yimao, Right Chief Councilor Xiao Zhonggong was promoted to grand tutor and director of the Three Departments, and Left Chief Councilor Liang became right chief councilor. On yihai Zongxian was made grand preceptor, put in charge of the Three Departments, and named supreme commander as well.
34
二月甲寅，會甯牧唐括辯復爲尚書左丞，尚書左丞稟爲行台平章政事。 三月癸未朔，日有食之。 辛丑，以司空宗本爲尚書右丞相兼中書令，左丞相亮爲太保、領三省事。
In the second month, on jiayin, Metropolitan Herd director Tangguo Bian was again made left vice director of the Department of State Affairs, and Left Vice Director Bingde became grand councilor of the mobile secretariat. On guiwei, the third month’s new moon, the sun was eclipsed. On xinchou Minister of Works Zongben became right chief councilor and concurrent director of the Secretariat, and Left Chief Councilor Liang was made grand preceptor directing the Three Departments.
35
四月壬申夜，大風雨，雷電震壞寢殿鴟尾，有火入上寢，燒幃幔，帝趨別殿避之。 丁丑，有龍鬥爲利州榆林河水上。 大風壞民居、官舍，瓦木人畜皆飄揚十數里，死傷者數百人。 五月戊子，以四月壬申、丁丑天變，肆赦。 命翰林學士張鈞草詔，參知政事蕭肄擿其語以爲誹謗，上怒，殺鈞。 是日，曲赦上京囚。 庚寅，出太保、領三省事亮領行台尚書省事。 戊申，武庫署令耶律八斤妄稱上言宿直將軍蕭榮與胙王元爲黨，誅之。
On the night of renshen in the fourth month a violent storm broke; thunder shattered the owl-tail finials of the sleeping hall and fire swept into the imperial bedchamber, burning the curtains—the emperor fled to another hall. On dingchou dragons were reported fighting on the Yulin River in Lizhou. The gale wrecked private homes and government buildings alike; tiles, timbers, people, and livestock were hurled ten-odd li, and several hundred were killed or injured. In the fifth month, on wuzi, the court proclaimed a general amnesty for the celestial portents of renshen and dingchou in the fourth month. Hanlin academician Zhang Jun was ordered to draft the amnesty edict; Vice Grand Councilor Xiao Zi seized on a phrase as slander—the emperor flew into a rage and had Zhang Jun killed. That same day the court granted a partial amnesty to prisoners at the Upper Capital. On gengyin Grand Preceptor Liang, director of the Three Departments, was assigned to head mobile secretariat affairs. On wushen Armory director Yelü Bajin falsely accused night-duty general Xiao Rong of faction with Prince of Zuo Yuan; both were put to death.
36
六月己未，以都元帥宗敏爲太保、領三省事兼左副元帥，左丞相宗賢兼都元帥。 八月庚申，以劉筈爲司空，行台右丞相如故。 宰臣議徙遼陽、勃海之民于燕南，從之。 侍從高壽星等當遷，訴爲后，后以白上，上怒議者，杖平章政事秉德，殺左司郎中三合。 九月丙申，以領行台尚書省事亮復爲平章政事。 戊戌，以右丞相宗本爲太保、領三省事，左副元帥宗敏領行台尚書省事，平章政事秉德爲尚書左丞相兼中書令，司空劉筈爲平章政事。 庚子，以御史大夫宗甫爲參知政事。
In the sixth month, on jiwei, Supreme Commander Zongmin became grand preceptor directing the Three Departments and left vice commander-in-chief, while Left Chief Councilor Zongxian was named concurrent supreme commander. In the eighth month, on gengshen, Liu Ke was made minister of works while retaining the post of mobile secretariat right grand councilor. The chief ministers proposed relocating the people of Liaoyang and Bohai to the region south of Yan, and the emperor approved. Attendants Gao Shouxing and others faced transfer and appealed to the empress, who reported it to the emperor. Enraged at the officials who had debated the policy, he had Grand Councilor Bingde beaten and Left Department director Sanhe executed. In the ninth month, on bingshen, Liang, who had directed mobile secretariat affairs, was again made grand councilor. On wuxu Right Chief Councilor Zongben became grand preceptor directing the Three Departments; Left Vice Commander-in-Chief Zongmin took charge of mobile secretariat affairs; Grand Councilor Bingde became left chief councilor and concurrent director of the Secretariat; and Minister of Works Liu Ke was named grand councilor. On gengzi Censor-in-Chief Zongfu was promoted to vice grand councilor.
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十月乙丑，殺北京留守胙王元及弟安武軍節度使查剌、左衛將軍特思。 大赦。 癸酉，以翰林學士京爲御史大夫。 十一月癸未，殺皇后裴滿氏。 召胙王妃撒卯入宮。 戊子，殺故鄧王子阿懶、達懶。 癸巳，上獵爲忽剌渾土溫。 遣使殺德妃烏古論氏及夾谷氏、張氏。 十二月己酉朔，上至自獵所。 丙辰，殺妃裴滿氏爲寢殿。 而平章政事亮因群臣震恐，與所親駙馬唐括辯、寢殿小底大興國、護衛十人長忽土、阿里出虎等謀爲亂。 丁巳，以忽土、阿里出虎當內直，命省令史李老僧語興國。 夜二鼓，興國竊符，矯詔開宮門，召辯等。 亮懷刀與其妹夫特廝隨辯入至宮門，守者以辯駙馬，不疑，內之。 及殿門，衛士覺，抽刃劫之，莫敢動。 忽土、阿亮出虎至帝前，帝求榻上常所置佩刀，不知已爲興國易置其處，忽土、阿里出虎遂進弑帝，亮復前手刃之，血濺滿其面與衣。 帝崩，時年三十一。 左丞相秉德等遂奉亮坐，羅拜呼萬歲，立以爲帝。 降帝爲東昏王，葬于皇后裴滿氏墓中。 貞元三年，改葬爲大房山蓼香甸，諸王同兆域。 大定初，追諡武靈皇帝，廟號閔宗，陵曰思陵。 別立廟。 十九年，升祔爲太廟，增諡弘基纘武莊靖孝成皇帝。 二十七年，改廟號熙宗。 二十八年，以思陵狹小，改葬于峨眉穀，仍號思陵。 詔中外。
In the tenth month, on yichou, Prince of Zuo Yuan, Northern Capital garrison commander, his younger brother Anwu Army commissioner Chala, and Left Guard general Tesi were executed. The court proclaimed a great amnesty. On guiyou Hanlin academician Jing was appointed censor-in-chief. In the eleventh month, on guiwei, Empress Peiman was put to death. Saomao, consort of the late Prince of Zuo, was summoned into the palace. On wuzi the former princes of Deng, A’lan and Da’lan, were executed. On guisi the emperor went hunting at Hulahun Tuwun. The court sent agents to kill Consort Wugulun and the consorts of the Gu and Zhang clans. On jiyou, the twelfth month’s new moon, the emperor returned from the hunt. On bingchen the emperor had the late Consort Peiman’s remains used in constructing a sleeping hall—a gesture of perverse cruelty. Meanwhile Grand Councilor Liang, seeing the court paralyzed by fear, conspired with his confidants—imperial son-in-law Tangguo Bian, sleeping-hall attendant Da Xingguo, guard squad leader Hutu, Ali Chuhu, and others. On dingsi Hutu and Ali Chuhu were posted to inner palace duty, and provincial clerk Li Laoseng was sent to confer with Xingguo. At the second watch Xingguo stole the tally, forged an edict to open the palace gate, and summoned Bian and the rest. Liang hid a blade and followed Bian to the palace gate; the guards, knowing Bian as imperial son-in-law, suspected nothing and let them in. At the hall gate the guards sensed trouble and drew blades to seize them—yet none dared act. When Hutu and Ali Chuhu reached the emperor, he groped for the blade he kept by the couch, not knowing Xingguo had already moved it; Hutu and Ali Chuhu struck first, and Liang stepped in to stab him himself—blood spattered his face and robes. The emperor died at thirty-one. Left Chief Councilor Bingde and the others thereupon seated Liang on the throne; they bowed in a circle, shouted “Long live the emperor!” and proclaimed him ruler. The fallen emperor was demoted to Prince of Eastern Darkness and buried in Empress Peiman’s tomb. In the third year of the Zhenyuan era he was reburied at Liaoxiangdian on Great Fang Mountain, in a tomb precinct shared with the princes. Early in the Dading era he received the posthumous title Emperor Wuling, the temple name Minzong, and the mausoleum name Siling. A separate ancestral temple was established for him. In the nineteenth year he was enshrined in the Imperial Ancestral Temple and his posthumous title was augmented to Hongji Zuowu Zhuangjing Xiaocheng. In the twenty-seventh year his temple name was changed to Xizong. In the twenty-eighth year, because Siling was too cramped, he was reburied in Emei Valley, retaining the mausoleum name Siling. An edict was promulgated throughout the court and the realm.
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贊曰：熙宗之時，四方無事，敬禮宗室大臣，委以國政，其繼體守文之治，有足觀者。 末年酗酒妄殺，人懷危懼。 所謂前有讒而不見，後有賊而不知。 馴致其禍，非一朝一夕故也。
Eulogy: In Xizong’s day the realm was untroubled; he honored the imperial clan and great ministers and entrusted them with government—his civil succession is worth regard. In his final years he drank to excess and killed at whim, until the court lived in dread. So it was said: slander stood before him yet he did not see it; treachery stood behind him yet he did not know it. His fall was not the work of a single morning or evening—it had been long in the making.