1
廢帝海陵庶人亮，字元功，本諱迪古乃，遼王宗幹第二子也。 母大氏。 天輔六年壬寅歲生。 天眷三年，年十八，以宗室子爲奉國上將軍，赴梁王宗弼軍前任使，以爲行軍萬戶，遷驃騎上將軍。 皇統四年，加龍虎衛上將軍，爲中京留守，遷光祿大夫。 爲人僄急，多猜忌，殘忍任數。 初，熙宗以太祖嫡孫嗣位，亮意以爲宗幹太祖長子，而己亦太祖孫，遂懷覬覦。 在中京，專務立威，以厭伏小人。 猛安蕭裕傾險敢決，亮結納之，每與論天下事。 裕揣知其意，因勸海陵舉大事，語在《裕傳》。
Hailing—the deposed emperor and commoner whose taboo name was Liang—was styled Yuangong and had originally been taboo-named Digunai, the second son of Prince Lia Zonggan. His mother belonged to the Da clan. He was born in the sixth year of Tianfu (the renyin year). In the third year of Tianjuan, at eighteen, he was named General Who Supports the State as a clansman, sent as envoy to Prince of Liang Zongbi’s army, made campaigning wanhu, and raised to General of Agile Cavalry. In Huangtong year 4 he was made General of the Dragon-Tiger Guard and regent of the Central Capital, and promoted to Grand Master of Splendid Happiness. He was impetuous, suspicious, cruel, and given to intrigue. When Xizong took the throne as Taizu’s legitimate grandson, Liang reasoned that Zonggan was Taizu’s eldest son and that he himself was also Taizu’s grandson—and ambition took root. At the Central Capital he made a point of ruling by fear to overawe the lowborn. Xiao Yu, a meng’an, was shrewd and bold; Liang drew him in and talked through the state with him again and again. Yu read his mind and pressed him to seize power; the story is told in Yu’s biography.
2
七年五月，召爲同判大宗正事，加特進。 十一月，拜尚書左丞，務攬持權柄，用其腹心爲省台要職，引蕭裕爲兵部侍郎。 一日因召對，語及太祖創業艱難，亮因嗚咽流涕，熙宗以爲忠。 八年六月，拜平章政事。 十一月，拜右丞相。
In the fifth month of year 7 he was recalled as associate controller of the imperial clan office and granted Special Advance. In the eleventh month he became left vice director of the Secretariat, worked to tighten his grip, put his intimates in key provincial and court posts, and installed Xiao Yu as vice minister of war. Once, called to audience, he spoke of how hard Taizu had won the realm; Liang broke into tears, and Xizong read it as devotion. In the sixth month of year 8 he was made councilor of state. In the eleventh month he was made right chancellor.
3
九年正月，兼都元帥。 熙宗使小底大興國賜亮生日，悼后亦附賜禮物，熙宗不悅，杖興國百，追其賜物，海陵由此不自安。 三月，拜太保、領三省事，益邀求人譽，引用勢望子孫，結其歡心。 四月，學士張鈞草詔忤旨死，熙宗問：「誰使爲之？」 左丞相宗賢對曰：「太保實然。」 熙宗不悅，遂出爲領行台尚書省事。 過中京，與蕭裕定約而去。 至良鄉，召還。 海陵莫測所以召還之意，大恐。 既至，復爲平章政事，由是益危迫。
In the first month of year 9 he was also named commander-in-chief. Xizong sent the low attendant Daxingguo with birthday gifts for Liang; Empress Dowager Dao added gifts of her own. Xizong took offense, had Daxingguo beaten a hundred times, and took the gifts back. Hailing grew uneasy. In the third month he was made grand preceptor and head of the three departments, courted reputation harder still, and brought in sons of great families to bind them to him. In the fourth month Academician Zhang Jun drafted an edict that offended the throne and was put to death. Xizong asked: “Who set him to it?” Left Chancellor Zongxian said: “The grand preceptor, without doubt.” Xizong was angered and sent him out to head the mobile secretariat-chancellery. Passing through the Central Capital, he sealed a pact with Xiao Yu and went on. At Liangxiang he was recalled. Hailing could not guess why he was called back and was terrified. On his return he was again made councilor of state—and felt the danger close in.
4
熙宗嘗以事杖左丞唐括辯及右丞相秉德，辯及與大理卿烏帶謀廢立，而烏帶先此謀告海陵。 他日，海陵與辯語及廢立事，曰：「若舉大事，誰可立者？」 辯曰：「胙王常勝乎？」 問其次，曰：「鄧王子阿懶。」 亮曰：「阿懶屬疏，安得立？」 辯曰：「公豈有意邪？」 海陵曰：「果不得已，舍我其誰！」 于是旦夕相與密謀。 護衛將軍特思疑之，以告悼后曰：「辯等公餘每竊竊聚語，竊疑之。」 后以告熙宗。 熙宗怒，召辯謂曰：「爾與亮謀何事，將如我何？」 杖之。 亮因此忌常勝、阿懶，且惡特思。 因河南兵士孫進自稱皇弟按察大王，而熙宗之弟止有常勝、查剌，海陵乘此構常勝、查剌、阿懶、達懶。 熙宗使特思鞫之，無狀。 海陵曰：「特思鞫不以實。」 遂俱殺之。 護衛十人長僕散忽土舊受宗幹恩。 徒單阿里出虎與海陵姻家。 大興國給事寢殿，時時乘夜從主者取符鑰歸家，以爲常。 興國嘗以李老僧屬海陵，得爲尚書省令史，故使老僧結興國爲內應，而興國亦以被杖怨熙宗，遂與亮約。
Xizong had once beaten Tangguo Bian, left vice director, and Bingde, right chancellor, over some affair. Bian and Wudai, chief justice of the Court of Judicial Review, plotted to depose him; Wudai had already told Hailing. On another day Hailing spoke with Bian about removing the throne and asked: “If we raise a coup, whom should we set up?” Bian said: “What of the Prince of Zu, Changsheng?” Asked for the next choice, he said: “Aleng, son of the Prince of Deng.” Liang said: “Aleng is too far from the line—how could he rule?” Bian said: “Surely you have someone else in mind?” Hailing said: “If it must be done, who but me!” From then on they plotted together in secret, day and night. Guard general Tesi grew suspicious and told Empress Dowager Dao: “Bian and the rest steal off after court and whisper together—I fear a plot.” The empress dowager told Xizong. Xizong in anger summoned Bian and said: “What are you and Liang plotting—and what do you mean to do to me?” He had him beaten. Liang therefore hated Changsheng and Aleng and loathed Tesi besides. When Sun Jin, a soldier of the Henan army, called himself Younger Brother, Inspector King—and Xizong had only Changsheng and Chaci as brothers—Hailing used the case to frame Changsheng, Chaci, Aleng, and Taleng. Xizong set Tesi to question them; nothing was proved. Hailing said: “Tesi did not press the inquiry honestly.” Then they were all put to death. Pusan Hutu, captain of ten in the guard, had once owed Zonggan a debt of favor. Tushan Alihuchu was kin to Hailing by marriage. Daxingguo attended the sleeping hall and often at night took the tally and keys from the chief attendant and carried them home as if it were nothing. Daxingguo had Li Laoseng speak for him to Hailing and won a clerkship in the secretariat-chancellery; he had Laoseng bind Daxingguo inside the palace, and Daxingguo, still smarting from the beating, made a pact with Liang.
5
十二月丁巳，忽土、阿里出虎內直。 是夜，興國取符鑰啟門納海陵、秉德、辯、烏帶、徒單貞、李老僧等人至寢殿，遂弑熙宗。 秉德等未有所屬。 忽土曰：「始者議立平章，今復何疑。」 乃奉海陵坐，皆拜，稱萬歲。 詐以熙宗欲議立后，召大臣，遂殺曹國王宗敏，左丞相宗賢。 是日，以秉德爲左丞相兼侍中、左副元帥，辯爲右丞相兼中書令，烏帶爲平章政事，忽土爲左副點檢，阿里出虎爲右副點檢，貞爲左衛將軍，興國爲廣甯尹。 于是自太師、領三省事勖以下二十人進爵增職各有差。 己未，大赦。 改皇統九年爲天德元年。 參知政事蕭肄除名。 鎮南統軍孛極爲尚書左丞。 賜左丞相秉德、右丞相辯、平章政事烏帶、廣甯尹興國、點檢忽土、阿里出虎、左衛將軍貞、尚書省令史老僧、辯父刑部尚書阿里等錢絹馬牛羊有差。 甲子，誓太祖廟，召秉德、辯、烏帶、忽土、阿里出虎、興國六人賜誓券。 丙寅，以燕京路都轉運使劉麟爲參知政事。 癸酉，太傳、領三省事蕭仲恭，尚書右丞稟罷。 以行台尚書左丞溫都思忠爲右丞。 乙亥，追諡皇考太師憲古弘道文昭武烈章孝睿明皇帝，廟號德宗，名其故居曰興聖宮。 宋、高麗、夏賀正旦使中道遣還。
On dingsi in the twelfth month Hutu and Alihuchu held the inner watch. That night Daxingguo took the tally and keys, opened the gate, and let in Hailing, Bingde, Bian, Wudai, Tushan Zhen, Li Laoseng, and the rest to the sleeping hall—and killed Xizong. Bingde and the rest had not yet chosen whom to serve. Hutu said: “We already agreed to make the councilor of state emperor—what is left to hesitate over?” They seated Hailing on the throne; everyone bowed and cried “Long live the emperor!” Pretending Xizong meant to choose an empress, he called in the great ministers—and killed Prince Zongmin of Cao and Left Chief Councillor Zongxian. That same day Bingde became left chief councillor, palace attendant, and left vice commander-in-chief; Bian became right chief councillor and secretariat director; Wudai was named participating grand councilor; Hutu and Ali Chuhu were made left and right vice directors of palace inspection; Zhen became left guards general; and Xingguo became Guangning intendant. From Grand Preceptor Xun, who headed the Three Departments, through twenty more men, ranks and posts rose each according to merit. On jiwei the court proclaimed a general amnesty. The ninth year of Huangtong was renamed the first year of Tiande. Participating Grand Councilor Xiao Yi was dismissed and struck from the rolls. Beji, commander of the southern-route army, was appointed left vice director of the Department of State Affairs. Bingde, Bian, Wudai, Xingguo, Hutu, Ali Chuhu, Zhen, Secretariat clerk Laoseng, and Bian’s father Ali of the Ministry of Punishments received cash, silk, horses, cattle, and sheep in set measures. On jiazi the six—Bingde, Bian, Wudai, Hutu, Ali Chuhu, and Xingguo—took oath at Taizu’s temple and received written pledge bonds. On bingyin Liu Lin, transport commissioner of the Yanjing Route, was appointed participating grand councilor. On guiyou Grand Preceptor Xiao Zhonggong, who headed the Three Departments, and Right Vice Director Bing were removed. Wendusi Zhong, left vice director on the mobile secretariat, was promoted to right vice director. On yihai Hailing posthumously enfeoffed his father as Grand Preceptor and emperor under the style Ancient in Statutes, Vast in the Way, Illustrious in Culture, Martial and Ardent, Discerning in Filial Piety, Sagacious and Bright—temple name Dezong—and named his old house the Palace of Sagely Ascent. Song, Goryeo, and Xia envoys bound for the New Year audience were turned back mid-journey.
6
二年正月辛巳，以同知中京留守事蕭裕爲秘書監。 癸巳，尊嫡母徒單氏及母大氏皆爲皇太后。 名徒單氏宮曰永壽，大氏宮曰永寧。 乙巳，以勵官守、務農時、慎刑罰、揚側陋、恤窮民、節財用、審才實七事詔中外。 遣侍衛親步軍都指揮使完顏思恭等以廢立事報諭宋、高麗、夏國。 以左丞相兼左副元帥秉德領行台尚書省事。
Tiande year 2, first month, xinsi: Xiao Yu, deputy Central Capital intendant, became director of the Palace Library. On guisi both his stepmother of the Tushan clan and his mother of the Da clan were raised to empress dowager. The Tushan empress dowager’s residence was called Everlasting Longevity; the Da empress dowager’s, Everlasting Peace. On yisi an edict to the empire urged seven things: hold office faithfully, keep to the farming calendar, punish with care, lift hidden worthies, relieve the poor, husband state funds, and weigh men by true merit. Wanyan Sigong, commander of the personal guards and step army, and others were dispatched to inform Song, Goryeo, and Xia of the coup. Bingde, left chief councillor and left vice commander-in-chief, was put in charge of the mobile secretariat.
7
二月戊申朔，封子元壽爲崇王。 庚戌，降前帝爲東昏王。 給天水郡公孫女二人月俸。 甲子，以兵部尚書完顏元宜等充賀宋生日使。 戊辰，群臣上尊號曰法天膺運睿武宣文大明聖孝皇帝，詔中外。 永壽、永甯兩太后父祖贈官有差。 以右丞相唐括辯爲左丞相，平章政事烏帶爲右丞相。 三月丙戌，宋、高麗遣使賀即位。 以弟袞爲司徒兼都元帥。 詔以天水郡王玉帶歸宋。 四月戊午，殺太傅、領三省事宗本，尚書左丞相唐括辯，判大宗正府事宗美。 遣使殺領行台尚書省事秉德，東京留守宗懿，北京留守卞及太宗子孫七十余人，周宋國王宗翰子孫三十余人，諸宗室五十餘人。 辛酉，以尚書省譯史蕭玉爲禮部尚書，秘書監蕭裕爲尚書左丞，司徒袞領三省事、封王，都元帥如故，右丞相烏帶司空、左丞相兼侍中，平章政事劉筈爲尚書右丞相兼中書令，左丞宗義，右丞溫都思忠爲平章政事，參知政事劉麟爲尚書右丞，殿前左副點檢僕散忽土爲殿前都點檢。
Second month, new moon wushen: his son Yuanshou was made prince of Chong. On gengxu the deposed sovereign was reduced to prince of Eastern Darkness. Two granddaughters of the duke of Tianshui were given monthly rations. On jiazi Wanyan Yuanyi of the Ministry of War and others were named envoys to Song for the emperor’s birthday. On wuchen the court offered the style Aligning with Heaven, Receiving the Mandate, Sagaciously Martial, Propagating Culture, Greatly Illumined, Sacredly Filial Emperor, and proclaimed it at home and abroad. Fathers and grandfathers of the Everlasting Longevity and Everlasting Peace empress dowagers received posthumous offices, each to his measure. Tangguo Bian moved from right to left chief councillor, and participating grand councilor Wudai became right chief councillor. Third month, bingxu: Song and Goryeo sent envoys to hail the new reign. His younger brother Gun was named minister of education and commander-in-chief. An edict sent the prince of Tianshui’s jade belt back to Song. Fourth month, wuwu: Grand Preceptor Zongben, left chief councillor Tangguo Bian, and imperial-clan chief judge Zongmei were executed. Agents were sent to kill Bingde at the mobile secretariat, Zongyi at the Eastern Capital, Bian at Beijing, seventy-odd of Taizong’s line, thirty-odd of Prince Zonghan’s house, and fifty-odd clansmen besides. On xinyou the translator Xiao Yu became minister of rites and the library director Xiao Yu left vice director; Gun kept command but was made prince and head of the Three Departments; Wudai became minister of works and left chief councillor; Liu Ke became right chief councillor and secretariat director; Zongyi and Wendusi Zhong became participating grand councilors; Liu Lin became right vice director; and Pusan Hutu, left vice director of inspection, became director of inspection.
8
五月戊子，以平章行台尚書省事、右副元帥大抃爲行台尚書右丞相，元帥如故。 壬辰，以左副元帥撒離喝爲行台尚書左丞相，元帥如故。 同判大宗正事宗安爲御史大夫。 六月丙午朔，高麗遣使賀即位。 甲子，太廟初設四神門及四隅罘罳。
Fifth month, wuzi: Da Ban, participating grand councilor on the mobile secretariat and right vice commander-in-chief, became its right chief councillor while keeping command. On renchen Salih, left vice commander-in-chief, became left chief councillor of the mobile secretariat without losing command. Zongan, associate head of the imperial-clan court, was named censor-in-chief. Sixth month, new moon bingwu: Goryeo sent envoys to hail the new reign. On jiazi the ancestral temple was fitted for the first time with Four Spirit Gates and corner awnings.
9
九月甲午，立惠妃徒單氏爲皇后。 十月癸卯，太師、領三省事勖致仕。 辛未，殺太皇太妃蕭氏及其子任王偎喝。 使使殺行台左丞相、左副元帥撒離喝于汴，並殺平章政事宗義、前工部尚書謀里野、御史大夫宗安，皆夷其族。 以魏王斡帶之孫活里甲好修飾，亦族之。 十一月癸未，尚書右丞相劉筈罷。 以會甯牧徒單恭爲平章政事。 尚書左丞劉麟、右丞完顏思恭罷。 以參知政事張浩爲尚書右丞。 乙酉，以行台尚書左丞張通古爲尚書左丞。 丙戌，白虹貫日。 丁亥，以太后旨稱令旨。 戊子，以十二事戒約官吏。 己丑，命庶官許求次室二人，百姓亦許置妾。
Ninth month, jiawu: Consort Tushan of the Tushan clan was made empress. Tenth month, guimao: Grand Preceptor Xun, who headed the Three Departments, left office. On xinwei Grand Empress Dowager Xiao and her son, Prince Ren Weihai, were put to death. Agents killed Salih at Bian and executed participating grand councilor Zongyi, former minister of works Moliye, and censor-in-chief Zongan, exterminating every clan to the last. Huolijia, a grandson of Prince Wei Wandai, loved finery—so his entire house was wiped out too. Eleventh month, guiwei: Right Chief Councillor Liu Ke was removed. Tushan Gong, herdsman of Huining, was appointed participating grand councilor. Left Vice Director Liu Lin and Right Vice Director Wanyan Sigong were removed. Participating Grand Councilor Zhang Hao became right vice director of the Department of State Affairs. On yiyou Zhang Tonggu, left vice director on the mobile secretariat, became left vice director at the central secretariat. On bingxu a white rainbow cut across the sun. On dinghai rescripts in the empress dowager’s name were called command-edicts (lingzhi). On wuzi the court issued twelve admonitions binding officials to their duty. On jichou common officials were allowed two secondary wives, and commoners too were permitted concubines.
10
十二月癸卯朔，詔去群臣所上尊號。 丙午，初定襲封衍聖公俸格。 命外官去所屬百里外者不許參謁，百里內者往還不得過三日。 癸丑，立太祖射碑于紇石烈部中，上及皇后致奠于碑下。 甲寅，野人來獻異香，卻之。 乙卯，有司奏慶雲見，上曰：「朕何德以當此。 自今瑞應毋得上聞，若有妖異，當以諭朕，使自警焉。」 己未，罷行台尚書省。 改都元帥府爲樞密院。 詔改定繼絕法。 以右副元帥大抃爲尚書右丞相兼中書令，參知行台尚書省事張中孚爲參知政事，都元帥袞爲樞密使，太尉、領三省事如故，元帥左監軍昂爲樞密副使，刑部尚書趙資福爲御史大夫。
On guimao, the twelfth month’s new moon, an edict stripped away the honorifics the court had heaped on the throne. On bingwu the stipend for the hereditary Duke Yansheng was set for the first time. An order barred outer officials stationed beyond a hundred li from traveling in for audience; those within a hundred li could not be gone more than three days on the journey there and back. On guichou Taizu’s archery stele was raised among the Hesheli; the emperor and empress poured offerings at its foot. On jiayin forest people brought rare incense; the court refused it. On yimao the ministries reported auspicious clouds. The emperor said, “What virtue is in me, that heaven should send this? Hereafter do not report lucky signs to me. If there is anything ominous, tell me at once, that I may guard myself.” On jiwei the mobile branch secretariat was abolished. The supreme marshalate became the privy council. An edict reworked the rules for adopting heirs to continue a cut-off line. Right deputy commander-in-chief Da Fen became right chief councillor of the secretariat and director of the Zhongshu office; Zhang Zhongfu, who had run mobile-branch secretariat business as participation councillor, was made participation councillor; supreme commander Gun became privy commissioner; the grand preceptor still headed the Three Departments; left army supervisor Ang became vice privy commissioner; Minister of Punishments Zhao Zifu became censor-in-chief.
11
三年正月癸酉朔，宋、夏、高麗遣使來賀。 乙亥，參知政事蕭玉丁憂，起復如故。 癸未，立春，觀擊土牛。 丁亥，初造燈山于宮中。 戊子，生辰，宋、高麗、夏遣使來賀。 甲午，初置國子監。 謂御史大夫趙資福曰：「汝等多徇私情，未聞有所彈劾，朕甚不取。 自今百官有不法者，必當舉劾，無憚權貴。」 乙未，上出獵，宰相以下辭于近郊。 上駐馬戒之曰：「朕不惜高爵厚祿以任汝等，比聞事多留滯，豈汝等苟圖自安不以民事爲念耶？ 自今朕將察其勤惰，以爲賞罰，其各勉之。」 丁酉，白虹貫日。 二月丁巳，還宮。
In the third year, on guiyou, the first month’s new moon, Song, Western Xia, and Goryeo sent New Year envoys. On yihai participation councillor Xiao Yu went into mourning, yet was recalled to his post without leave. On guiwei, at the Beginning of Spring, he watched the ritual beating of the clay ox. On dinghai lamp mountains were erected in the palace for the first time. On wuzi, his birthday, Song, Goryeo, and Western Xia sent congratulatory envoys. On jiawu the Directorate of Education was founded. He told Censor-in-Chief Zhao Zifu, “You favor your friends and seldom bring charges—I want none of that. From this day, any official who breaks the law must be impeached, without fear of the mighty.” On yiwei the emperor rode out to hunt; the chief ministers and those below bade him farewell at the near suburbs. Halting his horse he admonished them: “I give you high rank and rich stipends without stint, yet I hear cases stall for days—are you only saving yourselves and not minding the people’s affairs? Henceforth I will watch who is diligent and who is lax, and reward or punish accordingly. Do your utmost.” On dingyou a white rainbow cut across the sun. In the second month, on dingsi, he returned to the palace.
12
三月庚寅，以翰林學士劉長言等爲宋生日使。 壬辰，詔廣燕城，建宮室。 己亥，謂侍臣曰：「昨太子生日，皇后獻朕一物，大是珍異，卿試觀之。」 即出諸絳囊中，乃田家稼穡圓。 「后意太子生深宮之中，不知民間稼穡之艱難，故以爲獻，朕甚賢之。」 四月丙午，詔遷都燕京。 辛酉，有司圖上燕城宮室制度，營建陰陽五姓所宜。 海陵曰：「國家吉凶，在德不在地。 使桀、紂居之，雖卜善地何益。 使堯、舜居之，何用卜爲。」 丙寅，罷歲貢鷹隼。 沂州男子吳真犯法，當死，有司以其母老疾無侍爲請，命官與養濟，著爲令。 閏月辛未朔，命尚書右丞張浩調選燕京，仍諭浩無私徇。 丙子，命太官常膳惟進魚肉，舊貢鵝鴨等悉罷之。 丁丑，罷皇統間苑中所養禽獸。 歸德軍節度使阿魯補以撤官舍材木構私第，賜死。 戊戌，詔朝官稱疾不治事者，尚書省令監察御史與太醫同診視，無實者坐之。
In the third month, on gengyin, Hanlin academicians Liu Changyan and others were sent as envoys for the Song emperor’s birthday. On renchen an edict commanded the widening of Yanjing and the raising of palace halls. On jihai he told his attendants, “Yesterday, the crown prince’s birthday, the empress gave me something most curious—see what you make of it.” He drew it from a crimson pouch: a round scene of a farm family at their planting. “The empress meant that a boy raised in the inner quarters cannot know how hard the fields are for common folk—that is why she gave this. I hold her in high esteem.” In the fourth month, on bingwu, an edict ordered the capital transferred to Yanjing. On xinyou the ministries presented plans for the Yanjing palaces and the geomancers’ verdict on auspicious siting. Hailing said, “Whether a realm thrives or falls is a matter of virtue, not of soil. Set Jie and Zhou on the finest ground—what would divination avail? Set Yao and Shun anywhere—why bother to divine?” On bingyin the yearly tribute of hawks and falcons was ended. Wu Zhen of Yizhou had committed a capital crime; the courts pleaded that his mother was aged and ill and had no one to tend her. The emperor ordered him supported at public expense and made the rule permanent. In the intercalary month, on xinwei, the new moon, Right Vice Director Zhang Hao was sent to run appointments at Yanjing and warned against favoritism. On bingzi the imperial kitchen was limited to fish and meat for daily fare; tribute geese, ducks, and such were all stopped. On dingchou the birds and beasts penned in the parks since Huangtong were set free. Alubu, military commissioner of the Guide Army, had stripped official buildings for timber to build his own house and was put to death. On wuxu an edict required that officials who pleaded sickness and shirked duty be diagnosed by the secretariat, a surveillance censor, and the court physicians together; sham illness was penalized.
13
五月壬子，以戒敕宰相以下官，詔中外。 戊辰，宰臣請益嬪御以廣嗣續。 上命徒單貞語宰臣，前所誅党人諸婦人中多朕中表親，欲納之官中。 平章政事蕭裕不可，上不從。 遂納宗本子莎魯啜，宗固子胡里剌、胡失打，秉德弟糺里等妻宮中。 六月丙子，殺太府監完顏馮六。 宋遣使祈請山陵，不許。 九月庚戌，賜燕京役夫帛，人一匹。 以東京路兵馬都總管府判官蕭子敏爲高麗生日使，修起居注蕭彭哥爲夏國生日使。
In the fifth month, on renzi, he lectured the chief ministers and the ranks below, and an edict carried his words through the realm. On wuchen the chief ministers asked that more consorts be taken, that the line might continue. The emperor had Tudan Zhen tell the ministers, “Of the wives left from the men we killed, many are my kin by marriage. I mean to bring them into the palace.” Chief councillor Xiao Yu protested; the emperor would not hear him. He then took into the palace Shaluchuo, wife of Zongben’s son; Hulila and Hushida, wives of Zonggu’s sons; and the wife of Bingde’s younger brother Jiuli. In the sixth month, on bingzi, Director of the Imperial Storehouse Wanyan Fengliu was executed. Song sent envoys begging leave to tend the imperial tombs; the court refused. In the ninth month, on gengxu, each corvée worker at Yanjing received one bolt of cloth. Xiao Zimin, judicial intendant on the Eastern Capital Route staff, was sent as birthday envoy to Goryeo; Xiao Pengge, reviser of the Diary of Activity, as birthday envoy to Western Xia.
14
四年正月丁酉朔，宋、高麗、夏遣使來賀。 群臣請立皇太子，從之。 戊戌，初定東宮官屬。 立捕盜賞格。 癸卯，太白經天。 壬子，生辰，宋、高麗、夏遣使來賀。 癸亥，朝謁世祖、太祖、太宗、德宗陵。 甲子，還宮。 二月丁卯，立子光英爲皇太子，庚午，詔中外。 甲戌，如燕京。 昭義軍節度使蕭仲宣家奴告其主怨謗。 上曰：「仲宣之侄迪輦阿不近以誹謗誅，故敢妄訴。」 命殺告者。 迪輦阿不者，蕭拱也。 戊子，次泰州。
In the fourth year, on dingyou, the first month’s new moon, Song, Goryeo, and Western Xia sent New Year envoys. The ministers asked that a crown prince be named; the emperor consented. On wuxu the offices of the Eastern Palace were set down for the first time. A bounty schedule for captured bandits was promulgated. On guimao Venus crossed the sky—an omen. On renzi, his birthday, Song, Goryeo, and Western Xia sent congratulatory envoys. On guihai he went in state to worship at the tombs of Shizu, Taizu, Taizong, and Dezong. On jiazi he returned to the palace. In the second month, on dingmao, his son Guang Ying was installed as crown prince; on gengwu an edict proclaimed it through the realm. On jiaxu he set out for Yanjing. A bondservant of Xiao Zhongxuan, military commissioner of the Zhaoyi Army, denounced his master for seditious talk. The emperor said, “Zhongxuan’s nephew Dilian A’bu was just put to death for slander—no wonder this slave dares lodge a lying complaint.” He had the informant executed. Dilian A’bu was Xiao Gong. On wuzi he made camp at Taizhou.
15
三月丙申朔，以刑部尚書田秀穎等爲宋生日使。 四月丙寅朔，有司請今歲河南、北選人並赴中京銓注，從之。 壬辰，上自泰州如涼陘。 五月丁酉，獵于立列只山。 甲寅，賜獵士，人一羊。 乙卯，次臨潢府。 丁巳，太白經天。 六月甲子朔，駐綿山。 戊寅，權楚底部猛安那野伏誅。 七月癸卯，命崇義軍節度使烏帶之妻唐括定哥殺其夫而納之。 八月癸亥朔，獵于途你山。 甲戌，以侍御史保魯鞫事不實，杖之。 丙子，次于鐸瓦。
In the third month, on bingshen, the new moon, Minister of Punishments Tian Xiuying and others were sent as envoys for the Song emperor’s birthday. In the fourth month, on bingyin, the new moon, the ministries asked that candidates from both sides of the Yellow River come to the Central Capital for appointment that year; the emperor agreed. On renchen he traveled from Taizhou to Liang Gorge. In the fifth month, on dingyou, he hunted on Mount Lieliezhi. On jiayin each man of the hunt was given a sheep. On yimao he halted at Linhuang Prefecture. On dingsi Venus crossed the sky again. In the sixth month, on jiazi, the new moon, he encamped at Cotton Mountain. On wuyin Nayeqi, acting meng’an of the Chudi tribe, was put to death. In the seventh month, on guimao, he ordered Tangguo Dingge, wife of Wudai, military commissioner of the Chongyi Army, to murder her husband, then brought her into the palace. In the eighth month, on guihai, the new moon, he hunted on Mount Tuni. On jiaxu the investigating censor Baolu was beaten for a prosecution that would not hold. On bingzi he halted at Duowa.
16
九月甲午，次中京。 丙午，尚書右丞相大抃罷。 殺太府少監劉景。 以都水使者完顏麻潑爲高麗生日使，吏部郎中蕭中立爲夏國生日使。 十月壬戌朔，使使奉遷太廟神主。 御史大夫趙資福罷。 甲申，以太子詹事張用直等爲賀宋正旦使。 殺太祖長公主兀魯，杖罷其夫平章政事徒單恭，封其侍婢忽撻爲國夫人。 恭之兄定哥初尚兀魯，定哥死，恭強納焉，而不相能，又與侍婢忽撻不協。 忽撻得幸于后，遂譖于上，故見殺，而並罷恭。
In the ninth month, on jiawu, he reached the Central Capital. On bingwu right director of the secretariat Da Fen was removed from office. Liu Jing, vice director of the imperial treasury, was executed. Wanyan Mapo, commissioner of waterways, was sent as birthday envoy to Goryeo; Xiao Zhongli, a bureau director in the Ministry of Personnel, as birthday envoy to Western Xia. In the tenth month, on renxu, the new moon, envoys were dispatched to move the spirit tablets of the imperial ancestors. Censor-in-chief Zhao Zifu was dismissed. On jiashen Zhang Yongzhi, steward of the Eastern Palace, and others were sent to congratulate Song on New Year’s Day. Taizu’s elder princess Wulu was put to death; her husband, grand councilor Tudan Gong, was flogged and cashiered; her maid Huta was made State Lady. Gong’s brother Dingge had first married Wulu; when Dingge died, Gong took her by force, yet husband and wife could not abide each other, and he quarreled with the maid Huta besides. Huta won the empress’s ear and poisoned the emperor against Wulu; Wulu died, and Gong was driven from office with her.
17
十一月戊戌，以咸平尹李德固爲平章政事。 辛丑，買珠于烏古迪烈部及蒲與路，禁百姓私相貿易，仍調兩路民夫，采珠一年。 戊申，以前平章政事徒單恭爲司徒。
In the eleventh month, on wuxu, Li Degu, intendant of Xianping, was made grand councilor. The court bought pearls from the Wugu Dilie tribe and Puyu Route, forbade private dealing among commoners, and drafted labor from both routes to dive for pearls for a full year. On wushen former grand councilor Tudan Gong was made minister of education.
18
二月庚申，上自中京如燕京。 三月辛亥，上至燕京，初備法駕，甲寅，親選良家子百三十餘人充后宮。 乙卯，以遷都詔中外。 改元貞元。 改燕京爲中都，府曰大興，汴京爲南京，中京爲北京。 丙辰，以司徒徒單恭爲太保、領三省事，平章政事蕭裕爲右丞相兼中書令，右丞張浩、左丞張通古爲平章政事，參知政事張中孚爲左丞，蕭玉爲右丞，平章政事李德固爲司空，左宣徽使劉萼爲參知政事，樞密副使昂爲樞密使，工部尚書僕散師恭爲樞密副使。 四月辛酉，以右宣徽使紇石烈撒合輦等爲賀宋生日使。 辛未，特封唐括定哥爲貴妃。 戊寅，皇太后大氏崩。
In the second month, on gengshen, the emperor left the Central Capital for Yanjing. In the third month, on xinhai, he entered Yanjing and for the first time marshaled the full imperial escort; on jiayin he chose in person more than a hundred and thirty daughters of respectable houses for the inner quarters. On yimao an edict announcing the transfer of the capital was sent through the realm. The reign was retitled Zhenyuan. Yanjing became the Central Capital, its prefecture Daxing; Bian was made the Southern Capital and the old Central Capital the Northern Capital. On bingchen Tudan Gong, minister of education, became grand guardian and head of the Three Departments; grand councilor Xiao Yu became right director of the secretariat and director of the Zhongshu office; right vice director Zhang Hao and left vice director Zhang Tonggu became grand councilors; participation councillor Zhang Zhongfu became left vice director; Xiao Yu became right vice director; grand councilor Li Degu became minister of works; left commissioner of the palace attendants’ office Liu E became participation councillor; vice privy commissioner Ang became privy commissioner; Minister of Works Pusan Shigong became vice privy commissioner. In the fourth month, on xinyou, Heshenlie Sahelian, right commissioner of the Xuanhui Bureau, and others were sent as birthday envoys to Song. On xinwei Tangguo Dingge was raised to Noble Consort by special decree. On wuyin the grand empress dowager of the Da clan died.
19
五月辛卯，殺弟西京留守蒲家。 西京兵馬完顏謨盧瓦、編修官圓福奴、通進孛迭坐與蒲家善，並殺之。 乙卯，以京城隙地賜朝官及衛士。 六月乙丑，以安國軍節度使耶律恕爲參知政事。
In the fifth month, on xinmao, he executed his younger brother Pujia, who held the Western Capital. Wanyan Moluwa, commander of Western Capital forces; Yuanfunu, reviser; and Bediezuo, channel clerk—friends of Pujia—were put to death with him. On yimao vacant land in the capital was handed out to officials and guardsmen. In the sixth month, on yichou, Yelu Shu, military commissioner of the Anguo Army, was named participation councillor.
20
七月戊子朔，元賜朝官京城隙地，征錢有差。 八月壬戌，司空李德固薨。 禁中都路捕射麞兔。 戊寅，賜營建宮室工匠及役夫帛。 九月丁亥朔，以翰林待制謀良虎爲夏國生日使，吏部郎中窊合山爲高麗生日使。
On wuzi, the seventh month’s new moon, officials were charged graded fees for the capital plots they had received. In the eighth month, on renxu, Minister of Works Li Degu died. Deer and hare hunting in the Central Capital circuit was banned. On wuyin cloth was issued to the artisans and laborers raising the palace. On dinghai, the ninth month’s new moon, Moulianghu, Hanlin attendant drafting, was sent as birthday envoy to Western Xia; Wahéshan, a director in the Ministry of Personnel, as birthday envoy to Goryeo.
21
十月丁巳，獵于良鄉。 封料石岡神爲靈應王。 初，海陵嘗過此祠，持杯珓禱曰：「使吾有天命，當得吉卜。」 投之，吉。 又禱曰：「果如所卜，他日當有報，否則毀爾祠宇。」 投之，又吉，故封之。 戊午，還宮。 壬戌，有司言：「太后園陵未畢，合停冬享及祫祭。」 從之。 丙子，命內外官聞大功以上喪，止給當日假，若父母喪，聽給假三日，著爲令。
In the tenth month, on dingsi, he hunted at Liangxiang. The deity of Liaoshigang was enfeoffed as Spirit-Responsive King. Years before, passing the shrine, Hailing had raised a cup and cast divination blocks: “If the Mandate is truly mine, give me a lucky sign.” He threw them; the answer was lucky. He prayed again: “If the omen holds, I will repay you; if not, I will raze your temple.” He cast once more; again the sign was good—hence this enfeoffment. On wuwu he returned to the palace. On renxu the ministries reported, “The empress dowager’s tomb park is unfinished; winter sacrifices and the collective rite should be postponed.” The court agreed. On bingzi it was decreed that when an official learned of a death among kin in the greater-mourning grades he received only that day’s leave; for a parent’s death, three days—and the rule was written into law.
22
十一月丙戌朔，定州獻嘉禾，詔自今不得復進。 己丑，瑤池殿成。 丙申，以戶部尚書蔡松年等爲賀宋正旦使。 戊戌，左丞相耨碗溫都思忠致仕。 庚戌，以樞密使昂爲左丞相，樞密副使僕散思恭爲樞密使。 十二月，太白經天。 戊午，特賜貴妃唐括定哥家奴孫梅進士及第。 壬戌，以簽書樞密院事南撒爲樞密副使。 辛未，對所納皇叔曹國王宗敏妃阿懶爲昭妃。 丙子，貴妃唐括定哥坐與舊奴奸，賜死。
On bingxu, the eleventh month’s new moon, Ding Prefecture sent auspicious grain; an edict barred further such tributes. On jichou the Yaochi Hall was finished. On bingshen Cai Songnian, minister of revenue, and others were sent as Song New Year envoys. On wuxu Wendusi Zhong, left grand councilor, retired from office. On gengxu Privy Commissioner Ang became left grand councilor; Vice Privy Commissioner Pusan Sigong became privy commissioner. In the twelfth month Venus crossed the sky—an omen. On wuwu Sun Mei, a bondservant in Noble Consort Tangguo Dingge’s household, was specially passed in the jinshi examination. On renxu Nansa, acting privy commissioner, was made vice privy commissioner. On xinwei Alian, whom his uncle Prince Zongmin of Cao had offered him, was raised to Illustrious Consort. On bingzi Noble Consort Tangguo Dingge was executed for sleeping with an old bondservant.
23
閏月乙酉朔，殺護衛特謨葛。 癸巳，定社稷制度。 太白經天。 癸卯，乙太保、領三省事徒單恭爲太保、領三省事如故。 命西京路統軍撻懶、西北路招討蕭懷忠、臨潢府總管馬和尚、烏古迪烈司招討斜野等北巡。
On yiyou, the intercalary month’s new moon, the guardsman Temuge was executed. On guisi the rites of the state altars were codified. Venus crossed the sky again. On guimao Grand Guardian Tudan Gong, head of the Three Departments, was confirmed in those posts. The court ordered Western Capital Route commander Tadan, Northwestern Route pacification commissioner Xiao Huaizhong, Linhuang prefect Ma Heshang, and Ugu Dilie Route pacification commissioner Xieye, among others, to make a northern inspection.
24
二年正月甲寅朔，上不豫，不視朝。 賜宋、高麗、夏使就館燕。 庚申，太白經天。 尚書右丞相蕭裕與前真定尹蕭馮家奴、前御史中丞蕭招折、博州同知遙設等謀反，伏誅，詔中外。 己巳，生辰，宋、高麗、夏遣使來賀。
In the second year, on jiayin, the first month’s new moon, the emperor fell ill and did not hold audience. Envoys from Song, Goryeo, and Western Xia were entertained in their quarters. On gengshen Venus crossed the sky again. Right Grand Councilor Xiao Yu conspired with a former slave of ex-prefect Xiao Feng of Zhending, former censor-in-chief Xiao Zhaozhe, and Bozhou vice commissioner Yaoshe; all were put to death, and an edict proclaimed it through the realm. On jisi, his birthday, Song, Goryeo, and Western Xia sent congratulatory envoys.
25
二月甲申朔，以平章政事張浩爲尚書右丞相兼中書令。 甲午，以尚書右丞蕭玉爲平章政事，前河南路統軍使張輝爲尚書右丞，西北路招討使蕭好胡爲樞密副使。 三月戊辰，夏遣使賀遷都。 四月丙戌，幸大興府及都轉運使司。 遣薦含桃于衍慶宮。
On jiashen, the second month’s new moon, Participation Councillor Zhang Hao became right grand councilor and director of the Zhongshu office. On jiawu Right Vice Director Xiao Yu became participation councillor; former Henan Route commander Zhang Hui became right vice director; and Northwestern Route pacification commissioner Xiao Haohu became vice privy commissioner. In the third month, on wuchen, Western Xia sent envoys to congratulate the move of the capital. In the fourth month, on bingxu, he inspected Daxing Prefecture and the metropolitan transport office. Cherries were sent as offerings to Yanging Palace.
26
五月癸丑朔，日有食之，避正殿，敕百官勿治事。 己未，詔自今每月上七日不奏刑名，尚食進饌不進肉。 丁卯，始置交鈔庫，設使副員。 丁丑，太原尹徒單阿里出虎伏誅，復命其子朮斯剌乘傳焚其骨，擲水中。 七月庚申，初設鹽鈔香茶文引印造庫使副。 丙子，參知政事耶律恕罷。
On guichou, the fifth month’s new moon, an eclipse fell; he left the main hall and commanded officials to suspend business. On jiwei an edict barred criminal reports during the first seven days of every month and forbade meat in the emperor’s table for those days. On dingmao the paper-note treasury was founded for the first time, with commissioner and deputy posts. On dingchou Tudan Ali Chuhu, prefect of Taiyuan, was secretly executed; the court then sent his son Shisila by relay post to burn the bones and throw them into a river. In the seventh month, on gengshen, the court first set up commissioners for printing salt notes, incense-and-tea warrants, and official passes. On bingzi participation councillor Yelü Shu left office.
27
十一月戊辰，上命諸從姊妹皆分屬諸妃，出入禁中，與爲淫亂，臥內遍設地衣，裸逐爲戲。 是月，初置惠民局。 高麗遣使謝賜生日。
In the eleventh month, on wuchen, the emperor assigned every paternal cousin to a consort’s household so they could enter the inner palace for orgies; the bedchambers were carpeted wall to wall, and the kin ran naked in chase as sport. That month the court opened the Beneficence Pharmacy for public medicine. Goryeo sent envoys to thank the throne for birthday largesse.
28
十二月乙酉，乙太傅溫都思忠爲太師，領三省事如故，平章政事張通古爲司徒，平章政事如故。
In the twelfth month, on yiyou, grand tutor Wendusi Zhong became grand preceptor and still headed the Three Departments; grand councilor Zhang Tonggu became minister of education while keeping his council seat.
29
三年正月己酉朔，宋、高麗、夏遣使來賀。 辛酉，以判東京留守大抃爲太傅、領三省事。 甲子，生辰，宋、高麗、夏遣使來賀。 二月壬午，以左丞相昂爲太尉、樞密使，右丞相張浩爲左丞相兼侍中，樞密使僕散思恭爲右丞相兼中書令。 尚書左丞張中孚罷，右丞張暉爲平章政事。 參知政事劉萼爲左丞，參知政事蕭頤爲右丞，吏部尚書蔡松年爲參知政事。
In the third year, on jiyou, the first month’s new moon, Song, Goryeo, and Western Xia sent New Year envoys. On xinyou Da Fen, who had governed the Eastern Capital, was made grand tutor and head of the Three Departments. On jiazi, his birthday, Song, Goryeo, and Western Xia sent congratulatory envoys. In the second month, on renwu, left grand councilor Ang became grand marshal and privy commissioner; right grand councilor Zhang Hao became left grand councilor and palace attendant; privy commissioner Pusan Sigong became right grand councilor and Zhongshu director. Left vice director Zhang Zhongfu was removed; right vice director Zhang Hui was made grand councilor. Participation councillor Liu E became left vice director; participation councillor Xiao Yi became right vice director; minister of personnel Cai Songnian became participation councillor.
30
三月壬子，以左丞相張浩、平章政事張暉每見僧法寶必坐其下，失大臣體，各杖二十。 僧法寶妄自尊大，杖二百。 乙卯，命以大房山雲峰寺爲山陵，建行宮其麓。 庚午，以左司郎中李通爲賀宋生日使。 夏四月丁丑朔，昏霧四塞，日無光，凡十有七日。 五月丁未朔，日有食之。 癸丑，南京大內火。 乙卯，命判大宗正事京等如上京，奉遷太祖、太宗梓宮。 丙寅，如大房山，營山陵。
In the third month, on renzi, left grand councilor Zhang Hao and grand councilor Zhang Hui were flogged twenty strokes each for seating themselves below the monk Fabao whenever they met him—conduct unworthy of chief ministers. The monk Fabao, who had presumed on his standing, received two hundred strokes. On yimao the court designated Yunfeng Temple on Dafang Mountain as the mountain mausoleum and ordered a lodge built at the foot of the slope. On gengwu Li Tong of the left bureau was sent as birthday envoy to Song. In summer, on dingchou, the fourth month’s new moon, a dull haze shut out the sky and the sun failed for seventeen days straight. In the fifth month, on dingwei, the new moon brought a solar eclipse. On guichou fire swept the inner palace at the Southern Capital. On yimao Jing, associate director of the Imperial Clan Court, and others were sent to Shangjing to bring down the coffins of Taizu and Taizong. On bingyin he went to Dafang Mountain to survey the mountain tomb.
31
六月丙戌，登寶昌門觀角抵，百姓縱觀。 乙未，命右丞相僕散思恭、大宗正丞胡拔魯如上京，奉遷山陵及迎永壽宮皇太后。
In the sixth month, on bingxu, he mounted Baochang Gate to watch sumo while the people were let crowd the streets to watch. On yiwei right grand councilor Pusan Sigong and imperial-clan associate director Hubalu were sent to Shangjing to move the mountain tomb and escort the Yongshou Palace empress dowager home.
32
七月癸丑，太白晝見。 辛酉，如大房山，杖提舉營造官吏部尚書耶律安禮等。 乙亥，還宮。 八月壬午，如大房山。 甲申，啟土，賜役夫，人絹一匹。 是日，還宮。 甲午，遣平章政事蕭玉迎祭祖宗梓宮于廣寧。 乙未，增置教坊人數。 庚子，杖左宣徽使敬嗣暉、同知宣徽事烏居仁及尚食官。
In the seventh month, on guichou, Venus shone in broad daylight—an omen. On xinyou he returned to Dafang Mountain and had Minister of Works Yelü Anli and the building supervisors beaten. On yihai he returned to the palace. In the eighth month, on renwu, he went again to Dafang Mountain. On jiashen the earth was opened for the tomb; each laborer received one bolt of silk. That same day he returned to the palace. On jiawu grand councilor Xiao Yu went to Guangning to meet the ancestral coffins and perform the welcoming rites. On yiwei the court enlarged the Music Bureau roster. On gengzi Jing Sihui, left commissioner of palace ennoblement, Wuju Ren, his associate, and the catering staff were beaten.
33
九月戊申，平章政事張輝迎祭梓宮于宗州。 乙卯，上謂宰臣及左司官曰：「朝廷之事，尤在慎密。 昨授張中孚、趙慶襲官，除書未到，先已知之，皆汝等泄之也。 敢復爾者，殺無赦。」 己未，如大房山。 庚申，還宮。 丙寅，以殿前都點檢納合椿年爲參知政事。 丁卯，上親迎梓宮及皇太后于沙流河，命左右持杖二束，跽太后前，曰：「某不孝，久失溫凊，願痛笞之。」 太后掖起之，曰：「凡民有子克家，猶愛之，況我有子如此。」 叱持杖者退。 庚午，獵，親射麞以薦梓宮。 壬申，至自沙流河。
In the ninth month, on wushen, grand councilor Zhang Hui met the coffins at Zongzhou and led the offering rites. On yimao the emperor told the grand councilors and left-bureau staff, “State affairs demand secrecy above all else. Yesterday, when Zhang Zhongfu and Zhao Qing were given hereditary posts, word reached you before the commissions did—you are the ones who leaked it. Anyone who dares do that again will be killed without mercy.” On jiwei he went to Dafang Mountain. On gengshen he returned to the palace. On bingyin Nahe Chunnian, director of the front hall of the palace guard, was made participation councillor. On dingmao the emperor went in person to the Shaliu River to meet the coffin and the empress dowager; attendants carried two bundles of rods as he knelt before her and said, “I have been unfilial, long neglecting your comfort; beat me as you will.” The empress dowager lifted him up and said, “Ordinary people love a son who can keep the house—how could I not love a son like you?” She ordered the rod-bearers away. On gengwu he hunted and shot a roe deer himself as an offering before the coffin. On renshen he came back from the Shaliu River.
34
十月丙子，皇太后至中都，居壽康宮。 戊寅，權奉安太廟神主于延聖寺，致奠梓宮于東郊，舉哀。 己卯，梓宮至中都，以大安殿爲丕承殿，安置。 壬午，命省部諸司便服治事，不奏死刑一月。 辛卯，告于丕承殿。 乙未，如菆宮，冊諡永甯皇太后曰慈憲皇后。 丁酉，大房山行宮成，名曰磐寧。 戊戌，還宮。 己亥，以翰林學士承旨耶律歸一等爲賀宋正旦使。
In the tenth month, on bingzi, the empress dowager entered the Central Capital and lodged in Shoukang Palace. On wuyin the spirit tablets of the ancestral temple were lodged for the time being at Yansheng Temple; offerings were made to the coffin in the eastern suburb amid wailing. On jimao the coffin entered the Central Capital; the Great Peace Hall was renamed Picheng Hall and set aside for it. On renwu the court ordered every ministry and agency to work in plain dress and to submit no capital cases for a month. On xinmao the court made announcement at Picheng Hall. On yimao he went to the Cao Palace and gave Empress Dowager Yongning the posthumous title Empress Cixian. On dingyou the touring palace on Mount Dafang was finished and named Panning. On wuxu he returned to the palace. On jihai Yelü Guiyi, bearer of the Hanlin Academy, and others were sent as envoys to congratulate Song on the New Year.
35
二月癸酉朔，改元正隆，大赦。 庚辰，御宣華門觀迎佛，賜諸寺僧絹五百匹、彩五十段、銀五百兩。 辛巳，改定內外諸司印記。 乙未，司徒張通古致仕。 庚子，謁山陵。 辛丑，還都。 三月壬寅朔，始定職事官朝參等格。 仍罷兵衛。 庚申，以左宣徽使敬嗣暉等爲賀宋生日使。
In the second month, on guiyou, the new moon, the reign was retitled Zhenglong and a general amnesty was proclaimed. On gengchen he watched the Buddha-welcoming rite at the Xuanhua Gate and gave the temples five hundred bolts of silk, fifty lengths of brocade, and five hundred taels of silver. On xinsi the court revised the seals of every inner and outer office. On yimao Grand Mentor Zhang Tonggu left office. On gengzi he went to worship at the mountain tombs. On xinchou he returned to the capital. In the third month, on renchen, the new moon, the court first fixed the rules for officials’ attendance at audience. The military-guard office was abolished as well. On gengshen Jing Sihui, left commissioner of the Xuanhui Court, and others were sent as envoys to congratulate Song on the birthday.
36
八月丁丑，如大房山行視山陵。
In the eighth month, on dingchou, he went to the Mount Dafang touring palace to view the imperial tombs.
37
十月乙酉，葬始祖以下十帝于大房山。 丁酉，還宮。 閏月己亥朔，山陵禮成，群臣稱賀。 甲辰，回鶻使使寅朮烏籠骨來貢。 庚寅，杖右丞相蕭玉、左丞蔡松年、右丞耶律安禮、御史中丞馬諷等。 十一月己巳朔，以右司郎中梁銶等爲賀宋正旦使。 癸巳，禁二月八日迎佛。
In the tenth month, on yiyou, the ten ancestral emperors from the Founder down were interred at Mount Dafang. On dingyou he returned to the palace. On jihai, the intercalary month’s new moon, the tomb rites were finished and the ministers congratulated the throne. On jiachen the Uighur envoy Yinzhu Wulungu arrived with tribute. On gengyin Right Chancellor Xiao Yu, Left Vice Director Cai Songnian, Right Vice Director Yelü Anli, and Censor-in-Chief Ma Feng were flogged. In the eleventh month, on jisi, the new moon, Right Bureau Director Liang Quan and others were sent as envoys to congratulate Song on the New Year. On guisi the court forbade Buddha-welcoming rites on the eighth day of the second month.
38
二年正月戊辰朔，宋、高麗、夏遣使來賀。 庚辰，太白晝見。 癸未，生辰，宋、高麗夏遣使來賀。 庚寅，以工部侍郎韓錫同知宣徽院事，錫不謝，杖百二十，奪所授官。 二月辛丑，初定太廟時享牲牢禮儀。 癸卯，改定親王以下封爵等第，命置局追取存亡告身，存者二品以上，死者一品，參酌削降。 公私文書，但有王爵字者，皆立限毀抹，雖墳墓碑誌併發而毀之。
In the second year, on wuchen, the first month’s new moon, Song, Goryeo, and Western Xia sent New Year envoys. On gengchen Venus shone in broad daylight—an omen. On guiwei, his birthday, Song, Goryeo, and Western Xia sent congratulatory envoys. On gengyin Han Xi, vice minister of works, was named to oversee the Xuanhui Court; he refused the thanksgiving rite, took one hundred and twenty strokes of the rod, and lost the post. In the second month, on xinchou, the court first set the seasonal offerings and sacrificial livestock for the Imperial Ancestor Temple. On guimao noble ranks below imperial princes were reworked; officials were told to gather patents, living or dead, and cut back those who had held second rank or higher in life, or first rank after death. Any official or private writing that bore a royal title had to be scraped clean within a deadline—even tomb inscriptions were unearthed and defaced.
39
三月丙寅朔，高麗遣使賀受尊號。
In the third month, on bingyin, the new moon, Goryeo sent an envoy to hail the new honorific.
40
九月乙丑，以宿直將軍僕散烏里黑爲夏國生日使。 戊子，罷護駕軍，置龍翔虎步軍。 罷尚書省文資令史出爲外官。 是秋，中都、山東、河東蝗。 十月壬寅，命會寧府毀舊宮殿、諸大族第宅及儲慶寺，仍夷其址而耕種之。 丁未，禁賣古器入他境。 乙卯，初鑄銅錢。 十一月辛未，以侍衛親軍副指揮使高助不古等爲賀宋正旦使。 十二月己亥，以侍衛親軍都指揮使紇石烈良弼爲參知政事。
In the ninth month, on yichou, Night-Duty General Pusan Wulihai was sent as birthday envoy to Western Xia. On wuzi the Escort Army was disbanded and the Dragon Soar and Tiger Step corps were created. Secretariat clerks on document duty were no longer sent out to serve as local officials. That autumn locusts ravaged the Central Capital, Shandong, and Hedong. In the tenth month, on renchen, Huining was told to raze the old palaces, great-family mansions, and Chuqing Temple, level the ground, and put it under the plow. On dingwei the export of antiquities beyond the frontier was banned. On yimao the court cast copper coin for the first time. In the eleventh month, on xinwei, Deputy Commander of the Personal Guard Gao Zhubugu and others were sent as envoys to congratulate Song on the New Year. In the twelfth month, on jihai, Personal Guard Commander Heshilie Liangbi was made participation councillor.
41
三年正月壬戌朔，宋、高麗、夏遣使來賀。 丙寅，子矧思阿不死，殺太醫副使謝友正及其乳母等。 丁丑，生辰，宋、高麗、夏遣使來賀。 己卯，杖右諫議大夫楊伯雄。
In the third year, on renxu, the first month’s new moon, Song, Goryeo, and Western Xia sent New Year envoys. On bingyin Prince Shensi Abu died; the emperor had Vice Medical Officer Xie Youzheng and the wet nurses executed. On dingchou, his birthday, Song, Goryeo, and Western Xia sent congratulatory envoys. On jimao Right Remonstrance Official Yang Boxiong was flogged.
42
二月壬辰朔，都城及京兆初置錢監。 甲午，遣使檢視隨路金銀銅鐵冶。
In the second month, on renchen, the new moon, the capital and Jingzhao first gained mints. On jiawu agents were sent to survey gold, silver, copper, and iron works on every circuit.
43
三月辛酉朔，司天奏日食，侯之不見。 命自今遇日食，面奏，不須頒告。 辛巳，以兵部尚書蕭恭等爲賀宋生日使。 四月丙辰，樞密副使烏古論當海罷，以北京留守張暉爲樞密副使。 六月壬辰，蝗入京師。
In the third month, on xinyou, the new moon, the Bureau of Astronomy predicted an eclipse, but the sky showed none. Henceforth, on an eclipse the astronomers were to report face to face at court and were not to issue a public notice. On xinsi Minister of War Xiao Gong and others were sent as envoys to congratulate Song on the birthday. In the fourth month, on bingchen, Vice Privy Commissioner Wugulun Danghai was removed and Beijing defender Zhang Hui made vice privy commissioner in his place. In the sixth month, on renchen, locusts swarmed into the capital.
44
十一月辛酉，以工部尚書蘇保衡等爲賀宋正旦使。 癸亥，詔有司勤政安民。 癸未，尚書左丞耶律安禮罷。 參知政事李通以憂制，起復如故。 詔左丞相張浩、參知政事敬嗣暉營建南京宮室。 十二月乙卯，以樞密副使張暉爲尚書左丞。 歸德尹致仕高召和式起爲樞密副使。
In the eleventh month, on xinyou, Minister of Works Su Baoheng and others were sent as envoys to congratulate Song on the New Year. On guihai an edict charged every office to govern diligently and keep the people at peace. On guiwei Left Vice Director of the Secretariat Yelü Anli left office. Participation Councillor Li Tong, still in mourning, was recalled from bereavement to his old post. An edict put Left Grand Councillor Zhang Hao and Participation Councillor Jing Sihui in charge of building the Southern Capital palace. In the twelfth month, on yimao, Privy Vice Commissioner Zhang Hui became Left Vice Director of the Secretariat. Gao Zhaoheshi, retired intendant of Guiding Virtue, was brought back as privy vice commissioner.
45
九月，以翰林待制完顏達紀爲高麗生日使，宿直將軍加古撻懶爲夏國生日使。 十月乙亥，獵于近郊，觀造船于通州。 賜尚書右丞紇石烈良弼、樞密副使徒單貞佩刀入宮。 十一月甲辰，以翰林侍講學士施宜生等爲賀宋正旦使。 十二月乙卯，宋遣使告母韋氏哀。 甲子，太白晝見。 乙丑，以左副點檢大懷忠等爲宋弔祭使。 乙亥，太醫使祁宰上疏諫伐宋，殺之。
In the ninth month, Hanlin awaiting appointment Wanyan Daji was sent as birthday envoy to Goryeo and palace-guard duty officer Jagur Talan as birthday envoy to Western Xia. In the tenth month, on yihai, he hunted near the capital and went to Tongzhou to watch ships being built. Right Vice Director Heishilie Liangbi and Privy Vice Commissioner Tushan Zhen were allowed to wear swords inside the palace. In the eleventh month, on jiachen, Hanlin exposition academician Shi Yisheng and others were sent to congratulate Song on New Year’s Day. In the twelfth month, on yimao, Song sent envoys to announce mourning for Empress Dowager Wei. On jiazi Venus was seen in daylight. On yichou Left Deputy Director of Inspection Dai Huaizhong and others were sent as envoys of condolence to Song. On yihai Imperial Medical Commissioner Qi Zai submitted a memorial opposing war on Song and was executed.
46
五年正月庚辰朔，宋、高麗、夏遣使來賀。 乙未，生辰，宋、高麗、夏遣使來賀。 二月壬子，宋遣使獻母后遣留物。 丁卯，太白晝見。 辛未，河東、陝西地震，鎮戎、德順軍大風，壞廬舍，人多壓死。 甲戌，遣引進使高植、刑部郎中海狗分道監視所獲盜賊，並淩遲處死，或鋸灼去皮截手足。 仍戒屯戍千戶謀克等，後有獲者，並處死，總管府官亦決罰。
In the fifth year, on gengchen, the first month’s new moon, Song, Goryeo, and Western Xia sent New Year envoys. On yiwei, his birthday, Song, Goryeo, and Western Xia sent congratulatory envoys. In the second month, on renzi, Song sent envoys with gifts left by the late empress dowager. On dingmao Venus was seen in daylight. On xinwei earthquakes struck Hedong and Shaanxi; at Zhenrong and Deshun garrisons violent winds destroyed dwellings and buried many alive. On jiaxu Introducing Commissioner Gao Zhi and Ministry of Punishments bureau director Haigou were dispatched on separate circuits to supervise captured bandits; all were executed by slicing, or sawn, burned, flayed, and mutilated. Garrison commanders, company officers, and the like were warned that any bandits they took hereafter must also be killed on the spot, and route headquarters officials would face judicial beating.
47
三月辛巳，東海縣民張旺、徐元等反，遣都水監徐文、步軍指揮使張弘信、同知大興尹事李惟忠、宿直將軍蕭阿窊率舟師九百，浮海討之，命之曰：「朕意不在一邑，將試舟師耳。」 庚子，以司徒判大宗正事蕭玉爲御史大夫，司徒如故，尚書右丞紇石烈良弼爲左丞，橫海軍節度使致仕劉長言起爲右丞。
In the third month, on xinsi, Zhang Wang, Xu Yuan, and others rose in Donghai county; Commissioner of Waterways Xu Wen, Infantry Commander Zhang Hongxin, Acting Daxing intendant Li Weizhong, and palace-guard duty officer Xiao A’wa took nine hundred warships to sea against them. He told them, “I do not care about one county—I mean to test the fleet.” On gengzi Minister of Education Xiao Yu, still chief of the Imperial Clan Court, became censor-in-chief; Right Vice Director Heishilie Liangbi became left vice director; retired Transverse Sea Army military commissioner Liu Zhangyan was recalled as right vice director.
48
四月庚戌，昭妃蒲察阿里忽有罪賜死。 甲寅，宿州防禦使耶律翼使宋失體，杖二百，除名。 甲戌，太白晝見。 六月，徐文等破賊張旺、徐元，東海平。
In the fourth month, on gengxu, Consort Pucha Alihu, convicted of an offense, was ordered to take her own life. On jiayin Yelü Yi, defense commissioner of Suzhou, disgraced himself on an embassy to Song and was thrashed two hundred strokes and stripped of office. On jiaxu Venus was seen in daylight. In the sixth month Xu Wen and his force broke Zhang Wang and Xu Yuan; Donghai was pacified.
49
七月辛巳，詔東海縣徐元、張旺詿誤者，並釋之。 壬午，以張弘信被命討賊，稱疾逗遛萊州，與妓樂飲燕，杖之二百。 癸卯，遣使簽諸路漢軍。 八月丙午朔，日有食之。 辛亥，命榷貨務並印造鈔引庫起赴南京。 己巳，樞密副使徒單貞罷，以太子少保徒單永年爲樞密副使。 辛未，謁山陵，見田間獲者，問其豐耗，以衣賜之。
In the seventh month, on xinsi, an edict freed everyone in Donghai county whom Xu Yuan and Zhang Wang had led astray. On renwu Zhang Hongxin, though ordered to fight the rebels, claimed illness and dallied at Laizhou with entertainers; he was thrashed two hundred strokes. On guimao envoys were sent to register Han soldiers on every circuit. In the eighth month, on bingwu, the new moon brought a solar eclipse. On xinhai the Monopoly Goods Office and the note-printing depot were ordered transferred to the Southern Capital. On jisi Privy Vice Commissioner Tushan Zhen left office; Crown Prince Junior Tutor Tushan Yongnian became privy vice commissioner. On xinwei he went to the imperial tombs; meeting reapers in the fields, he asked whether the harvest was full or thin and bestowed clothes on them.
50
九月己卯，還宮。 十月庚午，遣護衛完顏普連等二十四人督捕山東、河東、河北、中都盜賊。 籍諸路水手得三萬人。 十一月乙酉，以濟南尹僕散烏者等爲賀宋正旦使。 尚書右丞劉長言罷。 命親軍司以所掌付大興府。 置左右驍騎都副指揮使，隸點檢司。 步軍都副指揮使，隸宣徽院。
In the ninth month, on jimao, he returned to the palace. In the tenth month, on gengwu, twenty-four guards led by Wanyan Pulian were dispatched to pursue bandits through Shandong, Hedong, Hebei, and the Central Capital. A register of sailors on every circuit yielded thirty thousand men. In the eleventh month, on yiyou, Jinan intendant Pusan Wuzhe and others were sent to congratulate Song on New Year’s Day. Right Vice Director Liu Zhangyan left office. The Imperial Guard Office was ordered to transfer its jurisdiction to Daxing prefecture. Deputy commanders of the left and right Valiant Cavalry were created, under the Inspection Office. Deputy commanders of the Infantry were created, under the Palace Service Commission.
51
十二月癸丑，禁中都、河北、山東、河南、河東、京兆軍民綱捕禽獸及畜養雕隼者。 戊辰，禁朝官飲酒，犯者死，三國人使燕飲者罪。
In the twelfth month, on guichou, soldiers and civilians of the Central Capital, Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Hedong, and Jingzhao were forbidden to hunt wild animals or keep hawks and falcons. On wuchen drinking was banned for court officials on pain of death, and envoys of the three kingdoms who entertained them in Yan were liable as well.
52
六年正月甲戌朔，宋、高麗、夏遣使來賀。 丁丑，判大宗正徒單貞、益都尹京、安武軍節度使爽、金吾衛上將軍阿速飲酒，以近屬故，杖貞七十，餘皆杖百。 壬午，上將如南京，以司徒、御史大夫蕭玉爲大興尹，司徒如故。 樞密副使徒單永年罷，以都點檢紇石烈志寧爲樞密副使。 己丑，生辰，宋、高麗、夏遣使來賀。 癸巳，命參知政事李通諭宋使徐度等曰：「朕昔從梁王軍，樂南京風土，常欲巡幸。 今營繕將畢功，期以二月末先往河南。 帝王巡守，自古有之。 以淮右多隙地，欲校獵其間，從兵不逾萬人。 況朕祖宗陵廟在此，安能久于彼乎。 汝等歸告汝主，令有司宣諭朕意，使淮南之民無懷疑懼。」 庚子，詔自中都至河南府所過州縣調從獵騎士二千。 辛丑，殺蒲察阿虎迭女義察。 義察，慶宜公主出，幼鞠宮中，上屢欲納之，太后不可。 至是，以罪殺之。
In the sixth year, on jiaxu, the first month’s new moon, Song, Goryeo, and Western Xia sent New Year envoys. On dingchou Tushan Zhen, chief of the Imperial Clan Court, Yidu intendant Jing, Anwu Army military commissioner Shuang, and Golden Crow Guard senior general Asu were caught drinking; as a near kinsman Zhen took seventy strokes and the others a hundred each. On renwu, as the emperor prepared to visit the Southern Capital, Minister of Education and Censor-in-Chief Xiao Yu was named Daxing intendant while keeping his ministerial rank. Privy Vice Commissioner Tushan Yongnian left office; Chief Inspector Heishilie Zhining became privy vice commissioner. On jichou, his birthday, Song, Goryeo, and Western Xia sent congratulatory envoys. On guisi Participation Councillor Li Tong told the Song envoys Xu Du and the rest, “Years ago, marching with Prince of Liang’s host, I came to love the Southern Capital’s climate and have long wanted to visit. The palace works are nearly finished; we mean to set out for Henan at the end of the second month. Emperors touring the realm is an ancient practice. The country south of the Huai still has wide empty ground, so I mean to hunt there with no more than ten thousand men in my train. Besides, my forebears’ tombs and temples are here; I could not remain there for long. Go back and report to your sovereign; have his officials explain my purpose so the people of Huainan need not doubt or fear.” On gengzi an edict required every prefecture and county between the Central Capital and Henan to supply two thousand mounted hunters for the train. On xinchou Yicha, daughter of Pucha Ahudie, was put to death. Yicha, Princess Qingyi’s daughter, had been reared in the palace from childhood; the emperor often wanted to make her a consort, but the empress dowager refused. Now she was executed on a criminal charge.
53
二月乙巳，杖衛王襄之妃及左宣徽使許霖。 甲寅，以參知政事李通爲尚書右丞。 己未，禁扈從縱獵擾民。 庚申，征諸道水手運戰船。 癸亥，發中都。 丙寅，次安肅州。 三月己卯，改河南北邙山爲太平山，稱舊名者以違制論。 丁亥，將至獲嘉，有男子上書言事，斬之，所言莫得聞。 癸巳，次河南府，因出獵，幸汝州溫湯，視行宮地。 自中都至河南，所過麥皆爲空。 復禁扈從毋輒離次及遊賞飲酒，犯者罪皆死，而莫有從者。 詔內地諸猛安赴山后牧馬，俟秋併發。 弟袞之妻烏延氏有罪，賜死。 烏延氏之弟南京兵馬副都指揮使習泥烈亦以罪誅。
In the second month, on yisi, Wei Prince Xiang’s consort and Left Director of the Palace Service Xu Lin were flogged. On jiayin Participation Councillor Li Tong became Right Director of the Secretariat. On jiwei followers on the tour were forbidden to hunt at will or trouble the populace. On gengshen sailors from all circuits were conscripted to move warships. On guihai he left the Central Capital. On bingyin he made camp at Ansu prefecture. In the third month, on jimao, Mount Mang north of Henan was retitled Mount Taiping, and anyone who used the old name was charged with violating an edict. On dinghai, nearing Huojia, a man presented a written appeal; he was executed at once, and his words never came to light. On guisi he encamped at Henan prefecture, hunted, went to the Ruzhou hot springs, and surveyed ground for a touring palace. All the wheat along the road from the Central Capital to Henan was eaten or trampled away. He again forbade the train to leave formation or go off to sightsee and drink on pain of death, but no one heeded it. An edict sent the interior meng’an units to pasture horses north of the ranges and gather for a joint departure in autumn. His younger brother Gun’s wife, a Wuyan, was found guilty and ordered to take her own life. Her brother Xinilie, Nanjing’s deputy commander of armies and cavalry, was likewise put to death for his crimes.
54
四月丁未，詔百官先赴南京治事，尚書省、樞密院、大宗正府、勸農司、太府、少府皆從行，吏、戶、兵、刑部，四方館，都水監，大理司官各留一員。 以簽書樞密院事高景山等爲賀宋生日使。 戊申，詔汝州百五十里內州縣，量遣商賈赴溫湯置市。 詔有司移問宋人，蔡、穎、壽諸州對境創置堡戍者。 庚戌，發河南府。 契丹不補自山馳下，伏道左，自陳破東海賊有功，爲李惟忠所抑，立命斬之。 丁卯，次溫湯。 誡扈從毋輒過汝水。 上獵，奔鹿突之墮馬，嘔血數日。 遣使征諸道兵。
In the fourth month, on dingwei, an edict sent the whole bureaucracy ahead to govern at the Southern Capital; the Secretariat, Privy Bureau, Imperial Clan Court, agriculture office, Grand Storehouse, and Palace Workshops traveled with him, but the four ministries, the Four Directions Hostel, the Directorate of Waterways, and the Court of Judicial Review each kept one officer in place. Deputy signing Privy Bureau affairs Gao Jingshan and others were sent as birthday envoys to Song. On wushen an edict told every prefecture and county within a hundred and fifty li of Ruzhou to dispatch traders to open markets at the hot springs. The court ordered officials to demand of Song why new forts and posts had been raised along the borders of Cai, Ying, and Shou. On gengxu he marched out of Henan prefecture. The Khitan Bubu rode down from the hills and kowtowed by the roadside, claiming credit for crushing the Donghai rebels yet being thwarted by Li Weizhong; the emperor had him cut down at once. On dingmao he encamped at the hot springs. He warned the train not to cross the Ru River without leave. On the hunt a stag running amok knocked him from his horse; he spat blood for days afterward. He dispatched envoys to mobilize armies in every circuit.
55
七月丁亥，以左丞相張浩爲太傅、尚書令，司徒、大興尹蕭玉爲尚書左丞相，吏部尚書白彥恭爲樞密副使，樞密副使紇石烈志甯爲開封尹，安武軍節度使徒單貞爲御史大夫。 己丑，賜從駕、從行、從軍及千戶謀克錢帛。 大括天下羸馬。 殺亡遼耶律氏、宋趙氏子男凡百三十餘人。
In the seventh month, on dinghai, Left Grand Councillor Zhang Hao became Grand Tutor and Director of the Secretariat; Minister of Education and Daxing intendant Xiao Yu became Left Grand Councillor; Minister of Personnel Bai Yanchong became Privy Vice Commissioner; Privy Vice Commissioner Heishilie Zhining became Kaifeng intendant; and Anwu Army military commissioner Tushan Zhen became Censor-in-Chief. On jichou he rewarded everyone in the imperial train, the marchers, the troops, and the chiliarchs and meng’an chiefs with cash and silks. The court launched an empire-wide drive to seize every weak horse. Over a hundred and thirty male descendants of the fallen Liao Yelü house and the Song Zhao house were put to death.
56
八月壬寅，單州賊杜奎據城叛，遣都點檢耶律湛、右驍騎副都指揮大磐討之。 以樞密副使白彥恭爲北面兵馬都統，開封尹紇石烈志寧副之，中都留守完顏彀英爲西北面兵馬都統，西北路招討使唐括孛古的副之，討契丹。 癸丑，以諫伐宋弑皇太后徒單氏于甯德宮，仍命即宮中焚之，棄其骨水中，並殺其侍婢等十餘人。 癸亥，殺右衛將軍蕭禿剌、護衛十人長斡盧保，族樞密使僕散思恭、北京留守蕭賾、西京留守蕭懷忠，杖尚書令張浩、左丞相蕭玉。 乙太常博士張崇爲高麗生日使，蕭誼忠爲夏國生日使。 甲子，封所幸太后侍婢高福娘爲鄖國夫人。
In the eighth month, on renyin, Du Kui rebelled and held Shan prefecture; Chief Inspector Yelü Zhan and Right Valiant Cavalry Deputy Commander Da Pan were dispatched against him. Privy Vice Commissioner Bai Yanchong took command of the northern armies with Privy Commissioner Heishilie Zhining as deputy; Central Capital defender Wanyan Guyin commanded the northwest with Northwestern Route pacification commissioner Tangguo Bogude as deputy, both columns sent to crush the Khitan. On guichou Empress Dowager Tushan, who had opposed war on Song, was shut in Ningde Palace, then ordered burned where she lay; her bones were thrown into the river, and a dozen of her maids were killed with her. On guihai Right Guards general Xiao Tula and guards captain Wulubao were executed; Privy Commissioner Pusan Sigong and the Beijing and Western Capital intendants Xiao Ze and Xiao Huaizhong were wiped out to the third degree of kin; and Director of the Secretariat Zhang Hao and Left Grand Councillor Xiao Yu were flogged. Ceremonial academician Zhang Chong was sent as birthday envoy to Goryeo, and Xiao Yizhong to Western Xia. On jiazi Gao Funiang, a maid of the empress dowager whom he favored, was created Lady of E.
57
九月庚午朔，乙太保、判大宗正事昂爲樞密使，太保如故。 戊子，殺前壽州刺史毛良虎。 庚寅，大名府賊王九據城叛，衆至數萬，所至盜賊峰起，大者連城邑，小者保山澤，或以十數騎張旗幟而行，官軍莫敢近。 上又惡聞盜賊事，言者輒罪之。
On gengwu, the new moon of the ninth month, Grand Mentor Ang, who also headed the Imperial Clan Court, became Privy Commissioner while keeping his grand mentor title. On wuzi Mao Lianghu, former prefect of Shou, was executed. On gengyin Wang Jiu rebelled and took Daming; his host swelled to tens of thousands, and bandits erupted everywhere he passed—some seized towns, others hid in hills and swamps, and parties of a dozen horsemen with banners roamed while official armies shrank from them. He likewise could not bear reports of brigands; anyone who raised the subject was punished.
58
上自將三十二總管兵伐宋，進自壽春。 乙太保、樞密使昂爲左領軍大都督，尚書右丞李通副之，尚書左丞紇石烈良弼爲右領軍大都督，判大宗正烏延蒲盧渾副之，御史大夫徒單貞爲左監軍，同判大宗正事徒單永年爲右監軍，左宣徽使許霖爲左都監，河南尹蒲察斡論爲右都監，皆從。 工部尚書蘇保衡爲浙東道水軍都統制，益都尹鄭家副之，由海道徑趨臨安。 太原尹劉萼爲漢南道行營兵馬都統制，濟南尹僕散烏者副之，進自蔡州。 河中尹徒單合喜爲西蜀道行營兵馬都統制，平陽尹張中彥副之，由鳳翔取散關，駐軍以俟後命。 武勝、武平、武捷三軍爲前鋒。 徒單貞別將兵二萬入淮陰。 甲午，上發南京，詔皇后及太子光英居守，尚書令張浩、左丞相蕭玉、參知政事敬嗣暉留治省事。 丙申，太白晝見。 將士自軍中亡歸者相屬于道。 曷蘇館猛安福壽、東京謀克金住等始授甲于大名，即舉部亡歸，從者衆至萬餘，皆公言于路曰：「我輩今往東京，立新天子矣！」
The emperor took the field at the head of thirty-two zongguan hosts against Song, marching from Shouchun. Grand Mentor and Privy Commissioner Ang commanded the left supreme army with Right Director Li Tong as deputy; Left Grand Councillor Heishilie Liangbi commanded the right with Wuyan Puluhun of the Imperial Clan Court as deputy; Censor-in-Chief Tushan Zhen and Acting Chief Tushan Yongnian served as left and right overseers; Left Director Xu Lin and Henan intendant Pucha Wolun as left and right inspectors—all marched with him. Minister of Works Su Baoheng took command of the Zhedong water forces with Yidu intendant Zheng Jia as deputy, ordered to sail straight for Lin’an. Liu E, intendant of Taiyuan, took command of the Han South Route field armies; Pusan Wuzhe of Jinan served as his deputy, and they marched out from Cai Prefecture. Tushan Hexi of Hezhong commanded the West Shu Route field armies, with Zhang Zhongyan of Pingyang as deputy; they were to seize San Pass from Fengxiang and hold there until new orders came. The Victory, Peace, and Swift armies formed the vanguard. Tushan Zhen led twenty thousand men on a separate column into Huaiyin. On jiawu he marched from the Southern Capital. The empress and Crown Prince Guang Ying were ordered to stay behind; Zhang Hao as director of the Secretariat, Xiao Yu as left chief councilor, and Jing Sihui as participation councillor were left to run the capital. On bingshen Venus shone in broad daylight. Deserters from the host filed home along the roads in an unbroken stream. Fushou, meng’an of the Hasu Office, Jin Zhu the mouke of the Eastern Capital, and others had barely been armed at Daming when they turned their commands homeward. Their following grew past ten thousand, and on the road they proclaimed without shame: “We go to the Eastern Capital to raise a new emperor!”
59
十月乙巳，陰迷失道，二鼓始達營所。 丙午，慶雲見。 東京留守曹國公烏祿即位于遼陽，改元大定，大赦。 數海陵過惡：弑皇太后徒單氏，弑太宗及宗翰、宗弼子孫及宗本諸王，毀上京宮室，殺遼豫王、宋天水郡王、郡公子孫等數十事。 丁未，大軍渡淮，將至廬州，獲白鹿，以爲武王白魚之兆。 漢南道劉萼取通化軍、蔣州、信陽軍。 徒單貞敗宋將王權于盱眙，進取揚州。 前鋒軍至段寨，宋戍兵皆遁去，敗宋兵于蔚子橋，敗宋兵于巢縣，斬二百級，至和州。 王權夜以兵千餘來襲，射卻之。 翼日，雨。 宋人夜焚其積遁去。 詰旦追之，宋人逆戰，猛安韓棠軍卻，遂失利。 溫都奧剌奔北，武捷軍副總管阿散率猛安謀克力戰，卻之。 王權退保南岸。 癸亥，上次和州，阿散等進階賞賚有差。 西蜀道徒單合喜駐散關，宋人攻秦州臘家城、德順州，克之。 浙東道蘇保衡與宋人戰于海道，敗績，副統制鄭家死之。
In the tenth month, on yisi, fog and wrong roads held them until the second watch before they found camp. On bingwu celebratory clouds were seen. Wulu, Duke of Cao and regent at the Eastern Capital, took the throne at Liaoyang, proclaimed the era Dading, and granted a great amnesty. He recited Hailing’s crimes: the murder of Empress Dowager Tushan; the slaughter of Taizong’s line and of the houses of Zonghan, Zongbi, and Zongben; the wrecking of the Supreme Capital palaces; the killing of the Liao Prince of Yu, Song’s Prince of Tianshui, and scores of princely kin—dozens of counts in all. On dingwei the main host forded the Huai. Near Luzhou they took a white deer and read it as King Wu’s white-fish sign. On the Han South Route Liu E seized Tonghua Army, Jiang Prefecture, and Xinyang Army. Tushan Zhen broke Song’s Wang Quan at Xuyi and pressed on toward Yangzhou. The vanguard came to Duan Stockade; the Song garrison melted away. They routed Song at Yuzi Bridge and again at Chaoxian, took two hundred heads, and marched to Hezhou. Wang Quan struck by night with more than a thousand men and was beaten back by bowshot. The next day rain fell. By night the Song fired their granaries and slipped away. At first light they gave chase. The Song turned to fight; Han Tang’s meng’an column gave way, and the day turned to loss. Wendu Olucha ran north, but Asan, deputy commander of the Swift Army, rallied the meng’an and mouke in a hard fight and threw the enemy back. Wang Quan fell back to guard the south bank. On guihai the emperor came to Hezhou. Asan and his fellows were raised in rank and rewarded each according to merit. On the West Shu Route Tushan Hexi held San Pass while Song forces stormed Lajia Castle in Qinzhou and Deshun Prefecture and carried both. Su Baoheng on the Zhedong Route met Song fleets on the sea, was beaten, and his deputy Zheng Jia fell in the fight.
60
海陵在位十餘年，每飾情貌以御臣下。 卻尚食進鵝以示儉，及遊獵頓次，不時需索，一鵝一鶉，民間或用數萬售之，有以一牛易一鶉者。 或以弊衾覆衣，以示近臣。 或服補綴，令記注官見之。 或取軍士陳米飯與尚食同進，先食軍士飯幾盡。 或見民車陷泥澤，令衛士下挽，俟車出然後行。 與近臣燕語，輒引古昔賢君以自況。 顯責大臣，使進直言。 使張仲軻輩爲諫官，而祁宰竟以直諫死。 比昵群小，官賞無度，左右有曠僚者，人或以名呼之，即授以顯階。 常置黃金裀褥間，有喜之者，令自取之。 而淫嬖不擇骨肉，刑殺不問有罪。 至營南京宮殿，運一木之費至二千萬，牽一車之力至五百人。 宮殿之飾，遍傅黃金而後間以五采，金屑飛空如落雪。 一殿之費以億萬計，成而復毀，務極華麗。 其南征造戰艦江上，毀民廬舍以爲材，煮死人膏以爲油，殫民力如馬牛，費財用如土苴，空國以圖人國，遂至于敗。 都督府以其柩置之南京班荊館。 大定二年，降封爲海陵郡王，諡曰煬。 二月，世宗使小底婁室與南京官遷其柩于甯德宮。 四月，葬于大房山鹿門谷諸王兆域中。 二十年，熙宗既祔廟，有司奏曰：「煬王之罪未正。 准晉趙王倫廢惠帝自立，惠帝反正，誅倫，廢爲庶人。 煬帝罪惡過于倫，不當有王對，亦不當在諸王塋域。」 乃詔降爲海陵庶人，改葬于山陵西南四十里。
Hailing reigned more than ten years, forever polishing his face to rule those below. He waved away roast goose from the imperial kitchen to play the frugal ruler, yet on hunt and halt he demanded at whim: a single goose or quail might cost the people tens of thousands, and some paid an ox for one quail. He draped fine robes with a ragged quilt for his intimates to see. Or went in patched dress so the diarists could write it down. Or shared the soldiers’ stale rice with the imperial kitchen and ate their fill of the soldiers’ bowls before his own. Or, seeing a commoner’s cart mired, made his guards wade into the muck and haul until the wheels cleared—only then would he pass. In talk with favorites he measured himself against the sage-kings of old. He scolded his great ministers and demanded blunt counsel. He set Zhang Zhongke and others to remonstrate—yet Qi Zai was killed for speaking plain truth. Yet he clung to sycophants and spent offices without measure. A courtier with no real post, if men hailed him by name in jest, might walk away with a lofty rank that same hour. He strewed gold in his bedding; whoever pleased him was told to help himself. His lusts spared no kin, and his killings asked no crime. To raise the Southern Capital palaces, a single log might cost twenty million cash; a single cart might need five hundred haulers. Halls were gilded first and only then touched with color; gold dust hung in the air like snow. One hall could run to a hundred million; finished halls were torn down and begun again—he wanted only excess. For the southern war he built warships on the Yangtze, stripped homes for timber, boiled human fat for lamp-oil, drove the people like oxen and spent treasure like dust, hollowed the realm to swallow another—and so came to ruin. The commandery set his coffin in the Bandiao Hostel at the Southern Capital. In Dading year 2 he was lowered to Prince of Hailing commandery and given the posthumous name Yang. In the second month Shizong sent the petty attendant Loushi with the Southern Capital officers to transfer the coffin to Ningde Palace. In the fourth month he was buried in the princes’ precinct at Lumen Valley on Great Fang Mountain. In the twentieth year, once Xizong had entered the ancestral temple, the offices memorialized: “The crimes of Prince Yang remain uncorrected. We cite the Jin precedent: Prince of Zhao Lun deposed Emperor Hui and seized the throne; when Hui was restored, Lun was killed and cast out as a commoner. Yang’s guilt outdid Lun’s. He should bear no princely rank and rest nowhere among the princes’ tombs.” An edict then stripped him to Hailing the commoner and moved his grave forty li southwest of the imperial mausolea.
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贊曰：海陵智足以拒諫，言足以飾非。 欲爲君則弑其君，欲伐國則弑其母，欲奪人之妻則使之殺其夫。 三綱絕矣，何暇他論。 至于屠滅宗族，剪刈忠良，婦姑姊妹盡入嬪御。 方以三十二總管之兵圖一天下，卒之戾氣感召，身由惡終，使天下後世稱無道主以海陵爲首。 可不戒哉！ 可不戒哉！
Eulogy: Hailing had wit enough to turn aside counsel and tongue enough to gild his wrongs. To become ruler he killed his ruler; to conquer a realm he killed his mother; to take another man’s wife he made her slay her husband. The three bonds were dead—what else was there to say? He butchered his kin, mowed down the loyal, and swept mothers-in-law and sisters into the inner quarters— He had just set thirty-two route marshals on the conquest of the world when malice answered malice and his life ended in the evil he had sown—so that later ages, naming tyrants, put Hailing at the head. Let this be a warning! Let this be a warning!