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金人之入汴也，時宋承平日久，典章禮樂粲然備具。 金人既悉收其圖籍，載其車輅、法物、儀仗而北，時方事軍旅，未遑講也。 既而，即會甯建宗社，庶事草創。 皇統間，熙宗巡幸析津，始乘金輅，導儀衛，陳鼓吹，其觀聽赫然一新，而宗社朝會之禮亦次第舉行矣。 繼以海陵狼顧，志欲併吞江南，乃命官修汴故宮，繕宗廟社稷，悉載宋故禮器以還。 外行黷武，內而縱欲，其猷既失，奚敢議禮樂哉！ 世宗既興，複收向所遷宋故禮器以旋，乃命官參校唐、宋故典沿革，開「詳定所」以議禮，設「詳校所」以審樂，統以宰相通學術者，於一事之宜適、一物之節文，既上聞而始匯次，至明昌初書成，凡四百餘卷，名曰《金纂修雜錄》。 凡事物名數，支分派引，珠貫棋布，井然有序，炳然如丹。 又圖吉、凶二儀：鹵簿十三節以備大葬，小鹵簿九節以備郊廟。 而命尚書左右司、春官、兵曹、太常寺各掌一本，其意至深遠也。 是時，宇內阜安，民物小康，而維持幾百年者實此乎基。 鳴呼，禮之為國也信矣夫！ 而況《關雎》、《麟趾》之化，其流風遺思被於後世者，為何如也。 宣宗南播，疆宇日蹙，旭日方升而爝火之燃，蔡流弗東而餘燼滅矣！ 圖籍散逸既莫可尋，而其宰相韓企先等之所論列，禮官張暐與其子行簡所私著《自公紀》，亦亡其傳。 故書之存，僅《集禮》若干卷，其藏史館者又殘缺弗完，姑掇其郊社宗廟諸神祀、朝覲會同等儀而為書，若夫凶禮則略焉。 蓋自熙宗、海陵、衛紹王之繼弑，雖曰「鹵簿十三節以備大葬」，其行乎否耶？ 蓋莫得而考也，故宣孝之喪禮存，亦不復紀。 噫！ 告朔餼羊雖孔子所不去，而史之缺文則亦慎之。 作《禮志》。
When the Jin took Bian, the Song had known peace for generations—law, ritual, and music all in full array. They seized the archives and hauled chariots, regalia, and ceremonial gear north, but armies still marched—rites could wait. At Huining they raised the altars of state; everything was built from scratch. Under Huangtong, Xizong visited Xijin, first took the golden chariot, drew up escort and insignia, set drums and pipes—the sight wholly new, and court and state ritual followed step by step. Hailing came next, restless and hungry for Jiangnan; he rebuilt the Bian palaces, restored temple and altars, and shipped every Song ritual vessel home. War without and appetite within—policy was gone; who could still debate ritual and music? Shizong recovered the Song vessels that had been moved away and set scholars to collate Tang and Song ritual law. A Detailed Determination Office debated rites; a Detailed Review Office audited music—learned chancellors presiding. Nothing was entered until the throne had heard each fit and form. By early Mingchang the corpus stood: four hundred-odd juan, the Jin Miscellaneous Records of Compilation and Revision. Names and numbers branched and threaded, pearl-strung and chess-set—orderly, luminous as vermilion. They charted auspicious and inauspicious display: thirteen sections of funeral escort for state burial, nine of lesser escort for suburban and temple rites. Each of the Secretariat's left and right offices, the Spring Office, Military Bureau, and Grand Harmony Temple kept a copy—the design ran deep. The realm was calm, life modestly easy—and centuries of endurance rested on this foundation. Alas—ritual as the backbone of a state is no empty claim. And what of the transforming air of "Guan Ju" and "Lin Zhi," its after-wind and long memory on later ages—what measure holds that? Xuanzong fled south; the borders closed in. Dawn rose while torches still burned; the Cai stream never ran east again, and the last embers went out. The archives were lost. Han Qixian's memorials, Ritual Officer Zhang Wei's work, and his son Xingjian's private Record from the Duke—all vanished from transmission. Only fragments of Collected Rites survive; the Historiography copy is broken. This treatise gathers suburban, altar, temple, spirit cult, audience, and assembly rites; inauspicious rites are passed over. After Xizong, Hailing, and the murdered Prince of Wei and Shao—though the code speaks of "thirteen sections of funeral escort," who can say they were ever carried out? It cannot be verified; Xuan Xiao's funeral rites are noted but not fully recorded. Alas! Confucius kept the New Moon sheep, yet the historian still treads lightly where the text breaks. Hence this Treatise on Rites.
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南北郊
Southern and Northern Suburban Altars
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金之郊祀，本於其俗有拜天之禮。 其後，太宗即位，乃告祀天地，蓋設位而祭也。 天德以後，始有南北郊之制，大定，明昌其禮浸備。
Jin suburban sacrifice grew out of the custom of worshipping Heaven. When Taizong succeeded, he announced Heaven and Earth—altars set, offerings made. After Tiande came the southern and northern suburban system; under Dading and Mingchang the rite grew complete.
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南郊壇，在豐宜門外，當闕之巳地。 圓壇三成，成十二陛，各按辰位。 濆牆三匝，四面各三門。 齋宮東北，廚庫在南。 壇、濆皆以赤土圬之。 北郊方丘，在通玄門外，當闕之亥地。 方壇三成，成為子午卯酉四正陛。 方濆三周，四面亦三門。 朝日壇曰大明，在施仁門外之東南，當闕之卯地，門濆之制皆同方丘。 夕月壇曰夜明，在彰義門外之西北，當闕之酉地，掘地汙之，為壇其中。 常以冬至日合祀昊天上帝、皇地祗於圜丘，夏至日祭皇地祇于方丘，春分朝日于東郊，秋分夕月於西郊。
The southern suburban altar lay outside Fengyi Gate, in the si quarter opposite the palace. The round mound rose three tiers, twelve steps per tier, each step set to its chen station. The sacred enclosure circled thrice; four faces, three gates each. The fasting palace stood northeast; kitchens and stores to the south. Altar and enclosure were plastered with red earth. The northern suburban square mound lay outside Tongxuan Gate, in the hai quarter opposite the palace. The square altar had three tiers with steps at zi, wu, mao, and you—the four cardinals. The square enclosure circled thrice; four sides, three gates each. The dawn-sun altar Great Brightness stood southeast outside Shiren Gate, in the mao quarter—gates and enclosure like the square mound. The dusk-moon altar Night Brightness stood northwest outside Zhangyi Gate, in the you quarter; the ground was dug and flooded to hold the mound within. Winter solstice: joint offering to August Heaven and Imperial Earth Sovereign at the round mound. Summer solstice: Earth Sovereign at the square mound. Spring equinox: the sun at the eastern suburban altar. Autumn equinox: the moon at the western suburban altar.
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大定十一年始郊，命宰臣議配享之禮。 左丞石琚奏曰：「按《禮記》：'萬物本乎天，人本乎祖，此所以祖配上帝也。 '蓋配之者，侑神作主也。 自外至者無主不止，故推祖考配天，尊之也。 兩漢、魏、晉以來，皆配以一祖。 至唐高宗，始以高祖、太宗崇配。 垂拱初，又加以高宗，遂有三祖同配之禮。 至宋，亦嘗以三帝配，後禮院上議，以為對越天地，神無二主，由是止以太祖配。 臣謂冬至親郊宜從古禮。」 上曰：「唐、宋以私親，不合古，不足為法。 今止當以太祖配。」 又謂宰臣曰：「本國拜天之禮甚重。 今汝等言依古制築壇，亦宜。 我國家絀遼、宋主、據天下之正，郊祀之禮豈可不行？」 乃以八月詔曰：「國莫大於祀，祀莫大於天，振古所行，舊章鹹在。 仰惟太祖之基命，詔我本朝之燕謀，奄有萬邦，於今五紀。 因時製作，雖增飾于國容，推本奉承，猶未遑於郊見。 況天休滋至而年谷屢豐，敢不敷繹曠文、明昭大報。 取陽升之至日，將親享於圓壇，嘉與臣工，共圖熙事。 以今年十一月十七日有事於南郊，咨爾有司，各揚乃職，相予肆祀，罔或不欽。」 乃於前一日，遍見祖宗，告以郊祀之事。 其日，備法駕鹵簿，躬詣郊壇行禮。
Dading 11 brought the first suburban sacrifice; the throne ordered the chancellors to debate who should accompany the offering. Left Vice Director Shi Ju said: "The Book of Rites holds: 'All things root in Heaven; man roots in his ancestors—so the ancestor is paired with August Heaven. To pair is to give the spirit a host. What comes from without cannot rest without a host—so the founding ancestor is pushed up to pair with Heaven, in honor. From Han through Wei and Jin, a single ancestor was paired. Tang Gaozong first paired Gaozu and Taizong. Early Chuigong added Gaozong—three ancestors on one altar. Song too once paired three emperors; the Ritual Office later held that Heaven and Earth brook no second lord—only Taizu remained. Your servant holds the winter solstice suburban sacrifice should follow antiquity." The emperor said: "Tang and Song favored private kinship—not ancient law, not our model. Only Taizu shall be paired." He told the chancellors again: "Our worship of Heaven is weighty. You urge altars by ancient rule—that too is fitting. Our house ended Liao and Song and holds the center of the realm—how can suburban sacrifice go unperformed?" In the eighth month an edict ran: "For a state nothing outweighs sacrifice; in sacrifice nothing outweighs Heaven—antiquity's statutes still stand. We look up to the Founding Ancestor's mandate and our dynasty's design; the ten thousand regions are ours, five reigns on. Fashion followed the times and state display grew, yet receiving Heaven at the suburban altar still waited. Heaven's favor deepens, grain returns again—dare we not proclaim the great return? On the day yang rises to its height I shall offer at the round mound; ministers, share this radiant work. Eleventh month, day seventeen—rites at the southern suburban altar. Each office, lift your charge; aid the sacrifice; let none be lax." The day before, he visited every ancestral shrine and announced the suburban rite. That day the full escort was arrayed; the emperor went in person to the suburban altar.
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齋戒：用唐制。 大祀，散齋四日，臻齋三日。 中祀，散齋二日，致齋一日。
Fasting followed Tang usage. Great sacrifice: four days dispersed fasting, three days perfected fasting. Middle sacrifice: two days dispersed, one day perfected.
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天子親祀，皆前期七日，攝太慰誓亞終獻官、親王、陪祀皇族于宮省。 皇族十五以上，官雖不至七品者亦助祭受誓。 又誓百官於尚書省。 攝太尉南向。 司徒北向，監祭御史在西，監禮博士居東，皆相向。 太常卿、光祿卿在司徒後，重行北向。 司天監、光祿丞、太廟令丞、大樂令丞、太官令丞、良醖令、廩犧令、郊社丞、司尊、太祝、奉禮郎、協律郎、諸執事官皆重行西上北向。 禮直官以誓文授攝太尉，乃誓曰：「維某年歲次某甲，某月，某日，某甲，皇帝有事于南郊，各揚其職。 其或不恭，國有常刑。」 禮直官贊曰：「七品以下官皆退。」 餘皆再拜，退。 誓于宮省之儀皆同。 於是，皇帝散齋于別殿。 前致齋一日，尚舍設禦坐于大安殿，當中南向。 設東西房於禦坐之側，設禦幄于室內，施簾於楹下。 享前三日，陳設小次。 享前一日，設拜褥，及皇帝版位、皇帝飲福位，及黃道氈褥，自玉輅下至升輿所。 及致齋之日，通事舍人引文武五品以上官，陪位如式。 諸侍衛之官，各服其器服，並結佩，俱詣閣奉迎。 上水二刻，侍中版奏「外辦」。 皇帝服袞冕，結佩，乘輿出，警蹕、侍衛如常儀。 皇帝即御座，東向坐。 通事舍人承傳，殿上下俱拜，訖，西面，贊「各祗候」。 一刻頃，侍中跪奏：「臣某言，請降就齋。」 俛伏，興，還侍位。 皇帝降座，入室，群官皆退。 諸執事官皆宿於正寢，治事如故，不弔喪問疾，不判署刑殺文字，不決罰罪人，不與穢惡事。 致齋日，惟祀事則行，餘悉禁。 已齋而闕者，通攝行事。
When the Son of Heaven sacrificed in person, seven days ahead the Acting Grand Master swore in secondary and final offerers, princes, and accompanying kin in the palace. Imperial kin fifteen and older, even below seventh rank, aided sacrifice and took the oath. The hundred officials were sworn in again at the Secretariat. The Acting Grand Master faced south. The Minister of Education faced north; the supervising censor west, the supervising ritual academician east—each opposite the other. The Directors of Grand Harmony and Imperial Victuals stood behind the Minister of Education, ranked north. Astronomy, victual aides, temple aides, music aides, kitchen aides, brewer, granary officer, suburban altar aide, vessel keeper, grand invoker, attendants, pitch officers, and all executives ranked west-upper, north-facing. The ritual attendant handed the oath to the Acting Grand Master, who swore: "Year such, cyclical day such, month such, day such—the Emperor has business at the southern suburban altar; each perform your charge. Whoever is not reverent—the state has fixed punishment." The attendant intoned: "Officials seventh grade and below withdraw." The rest bowed twice and withdrew. The palace oath followed the same pattern. The Emperor then dispersed-fasted in a side hall. One day before perfected fasting, the Palace Service set the imperial seat in Great Peace Hall, south-facing. East and west chambers flanked the seat; an inner canopy, curtains at the pillars. Three days before the offering, the lesser pavilion was staged. The day before: kneeling mats, the Emperor's station, the blessing-drink station, yellow felt from the jade chariot to the mounting place. On perfected-fasting day, the Communications Officer led civil and military officials fifth grade and above to attend by formula. Guard officers wore their gear, knotted insignia, and went to the gate to receive the Emperor. At the second water-mark the Attendant-in-Chief reported: "Outer preparations complete." The Emperor donned dark robes, knotted insignia, rode out with escort as usual. He took the seat, facing east. The Communications Officer transmitted; court above and below bowed; then westward: "Each keep reverent waiting." After a quarter-mark the Attendant-in-Chief knelt: "Your servant reports—please descend to fasting." He bowed low, rose, returned to post. The Emperor left the seat and entered the chamber; officials withdrew. Executives lodged in the main quarters and handled routine business—but no mourning calls, no capital sentences signed, no punishments judged, no foul work. Perfected-fasting day: only sacrifice; all else forbidden. An absent official after fasting was replaced by a deputy.
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陳設：前祀五日，儀鸞、尚舍陳設齋宮。 有司設扈從侍衛次於宮東西。 又設陪祀親王次宮東稍南，西向北上，宗室子孫位於其後。 又設司徒亞終獻行事執事官次於壇南外濆門之西，東向北上，重行異位。 又設天名房，在壇南外濆門之東，西向。 大禮使次於其後，皆西向。 又設席大屋於壇外西北，駐車輅以備風雪。
Staging: five days before sacrifice, Ceremonial Guard and Palace Service arranged the fasting palace. Escort and guard pavilions were set east and west of the palace. Accompanying princes' pavilion lay slightly south of the palace east, west-facing north-upper; clansmen behind. The Minister of Education, secondary and final offerers, and executives had a pavilion west of the outer sacred gate, east-facing north-upper, double-ranked at separate stations. The Heavenly Name chamber stood east of the outer sacred gate, west-facing. The Grand Ritual Commissioner behind it—all west-facing. A great canopy northwest outside the altar sheltered the chariot from wind and snow.
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祀前三日，尚舍設大次於東濆外門內道北，南向。 又設小次於壇下卯陛之北，南向。 有司設饌幔於東濆中門之北，南向。 設兵衛，各服其器服，守衛濆門，每門二人。 郊社令帥其屬，埽除壇之上下及濆之內外。 乃為燎位，在南中濆東門之東，壇之巳位。 又為瘞坎，在中濆內戌位。 祀前二日，太樂令帥其屬，設登歌之樂於壇上稍南，北向。 玉磬在午陛之西，金鐘在午陛之東，柷一在鐘前稍北，敔一在磬前稍北，東西相向，歌工次之，余工各位於縣後。 琴瑟在前，匏竹在後，於壇下第一等上，皆重行異位，北向。 又設宮縣樂南濆外門之外，八佾二舞表于樂前。 又設《采茨》樂於應天門前。 祀前一日，奉禮郎升設皇帝版位於壇上辰巳之間，北向。 又設皇帝飲福位於其左稍卻，北向。 又帥禮直官設亞終獻位於卯陛之東北，西向北上。 司徒位於卯陛之東，道南西向。 禮部尚書、太常卿、光祿卿、禮部侍郎位各次之，太常丞、光祿丞又次之。 又設大禮使位於小次之左少卻，西向。 又設分獻官、司天監、讀冊中書侍郎位於中濆門道北，西向。 郊社令、廩犧令、太官令、良醖令位於其後。 又設郊社丞、太祝、奉禮郎以下諸執事官位於其後，皆西向，重行異位。 又設從祀文武群官一品至五品位於中濆門內道南，西向，皆重行立。 又設助奠祝史齋郎位於東濆門外道北，西向。 又設陪祀皇族于道南，西向。 六品至九品從祀群官，又于其南，皆西向，重行異位，各依其品。 又設監祭御史二員，一員在午陛之西南，一員在子陛之西北，皆東向。 又設監禮博士二員，一員在午陛之東南，一員在子陛之東北，皆西向。 又設太樂令位於樂虡之間稍東，西向。 協律郎位於樂虡之西，東向。 又設奉禮郎位於壇南稍東，西向。 贊者次之。 司尊位於酌尊所，俱北向。 又設牲榜於外濆東門之外，西向。 饌榜於其北稍西，南向。 牲榜之東，牲位。 太史、太祝各位於牲後，俱西向。 又設禮部尚書、太常卿、光祿卿位於牲榜南稍北，西向。 太常丞、光祿丞、太官令位於其後。 監祭御史、監禮博士于禮部尚書位之西稍卻，北向。 廩犧令位在牲位西南，北向。 又陳禮饌於榜之前案上。
Three days before sacrifice, the great pavilion stood north inside the eastern sacred gate, south-facing. The lesser pavilion stood north of the mao steps below the altar, south-facing. The offering canopy was set north inside the middle eastern sacred gate, south-facing. Military guards wore their gear and held the sacred gates—two per gate. The suburban altar director swept the altar and enclosure, above and below, inside and out. They made the fire-pit east of the southern middle gate's east side, at the altar's si station. They also dug a burying pit inside the middle enclosure at the xu station. Two days before sacrifice, Grand Music set the ascent choir slightly south on the altar, north-facing. Jade chime west of the wu steps, bronze bell east; sounding-blocks north of each; singers behind; other musicians at their stations behind the bells. Zithers forward, gourd and bamboo behind, on the first tier below—all double-ranked, north-facing. Palace music stood outside the southern sacred gate; eight rows of dancers before the orchestra. They also set the "Cai Ci" music before the Gate of Accepting Heaven. The day before, attendants set the Emperor's station between chen and si on the altar, north-facing. The blessing-drink station stood slightly left and withdrawn, north-facing. Secondary and final offering stations lay northeast of the mao steps, west-facing north-upper. The Minister of Education stood east of the mao steps, south of the path, west-facing. Ministers of Rites, Grand Harmony, and Imperial Victuals followed; their aides after. The Grand Ritual Commissioner stood slightly left and withdrawn of the lesser pavilion, west-facing. Divided offering officials, Astronomy, and the Reader of the Memorial Vice Director stood north of the middle gate path, west-facing. Suburban altar director, granary officer, kitchen director, and chief brewer ranked behind. Suburban altar aide, grand invoker, attendants, and executives behind—all west-facing, double-ranked. Accompanying officials first through fifth grade stood inside the middle gate, path south, west-facing, double-ranked. Assisting invokers, recorders, and fast officers stood north outside the eastern gate, west-facing. Accompanying imperial kin stood on the path south, west-facing. Sixth through ninth grade officials stood farther south—west-facing, double-ranked by grade. Two supervising censors: one southwest of wu steps, one northwest of zi steps—both east-facing. Two supervising ritual academicians: southeast of wu, northeast of zi—both west-facing. The Director of Grand Music stood slightly east between the frames, west-facing. The pitch officer stood west of the frame, east-facing. The ritual attendant stood slightly southeast on the altar south, west-facing. Intoners followed. The vessel keeper stood at the libation station—all north-facing. The victim placard stood outside the outer eastern gate, west-facing. The offering placard lay slightly north and west, south-facing. East of the victim placard stood the victim station. Grand Astrologer and grand invoker stood behind the victim, west-facing. Ministers of Rites, Grand Harmony, and Imperial Victuals stood slightly north of the victim placard, west-facing. Grand Harmony aide, Imperial Victuals aide, and kitchen director behind. Supervising censor and ritual academician stood slightly west and withdrawn of the Minister of Rites, north-facing. The granary officer stood southwest of the victim, north-facing. Ritual offerings were displayed on the table before the placard.
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未後三刻，陳饌之時，又設禮部尚書、太常卿、光祿卿位於案前稍東，北上，西向。 太常丞、光祿丞、太官令位於其後，西向。 又設監祭御史、監禮博士位於案前稍西，北上，東向。 又設異寶嘉瑞位於宮縣西北，太府少監位於寶後。 諸州歲貢位於宮縣東北，戶部郎中位於其後。 天子八寶位於宮縣西南，符寶郎八員各於寶後。 伐國毀寶位於宮縣東南，少府少監位於其後。 又設大樂令位於宮縣之北稍東，協律郎二在大樂令南，東西相向。 司天監，未後二刻，同郊社令升設昊天上帝、皇地祗神座於壇上北方南向，地祗位在東稍卻，席皆以槁秸。 太祖配位座于東方西向，席以蒲越。 五方帝、日、月、神州地祗、天皇大帝、北極神座於壇上第一等，席皆槁秸，內官五十四座、五神、五官、嶽鎮海瀆二十九座於壇上第二等，中官一百五十有八座、昆侖、山林川澤二十一座於壇上第三等，外官一百六座、丘陵墳衍原隰三十座於內濆之內，眾星三百六十座在內濆之外，席皆以莞。 神座版各設於座首。 又設禮神玉。 俟告潔畢，權徹去壇上及第一等神位，祀日醜前五刻重設。
At the third quarter after wei, when offerings were set, the three ministers stood slightly east before the table, north-upper, west-facing. Their aides and the kitchen director behind, west-facing. Supervising censor and ritual academician stood slightly west before the table, north-upper, east-facing. Exotic treasures and auspicious omens stood northwest of palace music; the Imperial Store vice director behind. Annual tribute from the circuits stood northeast of palace music; the Revenue Bureau director behind. The Son of Heaven's eight treasures stood southwest of palace music; eight seal officers behind them. Spoiled regalia of conquered states stood southeast; the Palace Workshops vice director behind. Grand Music stood slightly north and east of palace music; two pitch officers south, facing each other. At the second quarter after wei, Astronomy with the suburban altar director set August Heaven and Imperial Earth Sovereign on the altar's north, south-facing; Earth slightly east and withdrawn—straw mats. The Founding Ancestor's paired seat stood east, west-facing—rush mat with coarse border. Five Directional Emperors, Sun, Moon, Spirit Land, August Emperor of Heaven, and North Pole on the first tier—straw mats; fifty-four inner officials, five spirits and five officials, twenty-nine peaks and seas on the second; one hundred fifty-eight middle officials, Kunlun and landwaters twenty-one on the third; one hundred six outer officials, hills and wetlands thirty inside the inner enclosure; three hundred sixty stars outside—all rush mats; name tablets at each head. Spirit tablets stood at the head of each seat. They also set the ritual jades for the spirits. After the purity announcement, altar-top and first-tier seats were temporarily removed; at the fifth quarter before chou on sacrifice day they were reset.
11
奉禮郎同司尊及執事者設天、地、配位各左十有一籩，右十有一豆，俱為三行。 登三在籩豆間。 簠一簋一於登前，簠在左，簋在右。 各於神座前藉以席。 又設天、地位太尊各二、著尊各二、犧尊各二，山罍各二，壇上東南隅配位著尊二、犧尊二、象奠二，在天、地位酒尊之東，俱北向西上，皆有坫，加勺、冪，為酌尊所。 又天、地位象尊各二、壺尊各二、山罍各四，在壇下午陛之南，北向西上。 配位壺尊二、山罍四在酉陛之北，東向北上，皆有坫，設而不酌，亦左以明水，右以玄酒。
Attendant, vessel keeper, and executives set Heaven, Earth, and the paired seat each with eleven platters left, eleven bowls right, three rows. Three ascent vessels between platters and bowls. One grain vessel and one millet vessel before the ascent vessels—grain left, millet right. Each before its spirit seat on spread mats. Heaven and Earth each received two Grand, Display, Sacrificial, and Mountain Vessels; the paired seat at the southeast corner two Display, two Sacrificial, two Elephant Offerings east of the Heaven and Earth wine vessels—north-facing west-upper, stands, ladles, covers—as libation stations. Heaven and Earth also each two Elephant Vessels, two Jar Vessels, four Mountain Vessels south of the wu steps below the altar, north-facing west-upper. Paired seat: two Jar Vessels, four Mountain Vessels north of the you steps, east-facing north-upper—with stands, set but not poured; left clear water, right dark wine.
12
又設五方帝、日、月、神州地祗、天皇大帝、北極，第一等皆左八籩、右八豆，登在籩豆間，簠一簋一在登前，爵坫一在神座前。 第二等內官五十四座，五神、五官、嶽鎮海瀆二十九座，每座邊二、豆二、簠一、簋二、俎一、爵坫一。 第三等中官一百五十八座，昆侖、山林川澤二十一座，及內濆內外官一百六座，丘陵墳衍原隰三十座，內濆外眾星三百六十座，每位籩二、豆二、簠一、簋一、俎一、爵一。 又設第一等每位太尊二、著尊二、皆有坫加勺。 第二等每陛山尊二，第三等每位蜃尊二，內濆內外每辰概尊二，皆加勺。 自第二等已下皆用匏爵，先洗拭訖，置於尊所，其尊所皆在神位之左。 凡祭器皆藉以席，籩豆各加巾蓋。 又設天、地及配位籩一、豆一、簠一、簋一、俎四、及毛血豆各一，並第一等神位每位俎二，於饌幔內。 又設皇帝洗位於卯陛下，道北，南向。 盥洗在東，爵洗在西。 匜在東，巾在西。 篚南肆，實玉爵坫。 又設亞終獻洗位在小次之東，南向。 盥洗在東，爵洗在西，加勺。 篚在西，南肆，加巾。 又設第一等分獻官盥洗爵洗位，及第二等分獻官盥洗位，各於其辰陛道之左，罍在洗左，篚在洗右，俱內向，執罍篚者位於其後。
Five Directional Emperors, Sun, Moon, Spirit Land, August Emperor, and North Pole on the first tier—each eight platters left, eight bowls right, ascent between, grain and millet before ascent, libation stand before the seat. Second tier: fifty-four inner officials, five spirits and officials, twenty-nine peaks and seas—each two platters, two bowls, one grain vessel, two millet vessels, one meat stand, one libation stand. Third tier: one hundred fifty-eight middle officials, twenty-one Kunlun and landwaters, one hundred six outer officials, thirty hills and wetlands, three hundred sixty stars—each two platters, two bowls, grain and millet vessels, meat stand, libation cup. Each first-tier seat also two Grand and two Display Vessels—with stands and ladles. Second tier: two Mountain Vessels per step; third tier: two Clam Vessels each; inner and outer enclosure two General Vessels per chen—all ladled. From the second tier down, gourd cups—washed, wiped, placed at the vessel station left of each spirit seat. All vessels on mats; platters and bowls under cloth covers. Heaven, Earth, and paired seat each one platter, bowl, grain and millet vessel, four meat stands, one raw-blood bowl; each first-tier seat two meat stands—in the offering canopy. The Emperor's washing station stood north of the mao steps below, path north, south-facing. Hand-washing east; libation-washing west. Pouring vessel east; towel west. Basket spread south, holding the jade libation stand. Secondary and final offering washing stood east of the lesser pavilion, south-facing. Hand-washing east; libation-washing west, with ladle. Basket west, spread south, with cloth cover. First-tier divided offerers: hand-washing and libation-washing left of each chen step; second-tier: hand-washing only—jar left of wash, basket right, inward-facing; holders behind.
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太府監、少府監祀前一日未後二刻，帥其屬升壇陳玉幣。 昊天上帝以蒼壁、蒼幣，皇地祗以黃琮、黃幣，配位以蒼幣，黃帝以黃琮，青帝以青珪，赤帝以赤璋，大明以青珪璧，白帝以白琥，黑帝以玄璜，北極以青珪璧，天皇大帝以玄珪璧，神州地祗以玄色兩珪有邸，皆置於匣。 五帝之幣各從其方色。 凡幣皆陳於篚。 設訖，俟告潔訖權徹去，祀日重設。 祀日醜前五刻，禮部設祝冊神座之右，皆藉以案。 太常卿明燈燎。 戶部郎中設諸州歲貢于宮縣東北，金為前列，玉帛次之，餘為從列，皆藉以席，立于歲貢之後，北向。 太府監、少府監設異寶嘉瑞于宮縣西，北上，瑞居前，中下次之，皆藉以席，立於實後，北向。 少府少監設伐國毀寶于宮縣東南，皆藉以席，立於寶後，北向。 符寶郎設八寶于宮縣西南，各分立于寶南，皆北向。 司天監、太府監、少府監、郊社令、奉禮郎升設昊天上帝、皇地祗、配位、及壇上第一等神座，又設玉幣，各於其位。 太祝取瘞玉加於幣，以禮神之玉各置於神座前，乃退。 光祿卿帥其屬入實祭器。 昊天上帝、皇地祇、配位每位籩三行，以右為上，形鹽在前，魚鱐糗餌次之，第二行榛實在前，乾桃乾裛乾棗次之，第三行乾菱在前，乾芡乾栗鹿脯次之。 豆三行，以左為上，芹菹在前，筍菹葵菹次之，第二行韭菹在前，菁菹魚醢兔醢次之，第三行豚胉在前，醓醢酏食鹿臡次之。 簠黍，簋稷，登皆大羹。 第一等壇上一十位，每位皆實籩三行，以右為上，形鹽在前，魚鱐次之，第二行乾裛在前，桃棗次之，第三行乾芡在前，榛實鹿脯次之。 豆三行以左為上，芹菹在前，筍菹次之，第二行菁菹在前，韭菹魚醢次之，第三行豚胉在前，醓醢鹿臡次之。 簠黍，簋稷，登大羹，第二、第三等每位籩二，鹿脯、乾棗。 豆二，鹿臡、菁菹。 俎，羊一段。 內濆內、內濆外每位籩鹿脯，豆鹿臡，俎羊一段。 良醖令帥其屬入實尊罍，昊天上帝、皇地祇大尊為上，實以泛齊； 著尊次之，實以醴齊； 犧尊次之，實以盎齊； 壺尊次之，實以醍齊，象尊次之； 實以沈齊，山罍為下，實以三酒。 配位著尊為上，實以泛齊； 犧尊次之，實以醴齊； 象尊次之，實以盎齊； 壺尊次之，實以醍齊； 山罍為下，實以三酒。 第一等每位大尊實以泛齊，著尊實以醴齊。 第二等山尊實以醍齊。 第三等及內濆內，蜃尊實以泛齊。 內濆外及眾星，概尊實以三酒。
At the second quarter after wei the day before sacrifice, Imperial Store and Palace Workshops directors led their staffs up to display jade and silk. August Heaven: dark green disk and silk. Earth Sovereign: yellow regalia and silk. Paired seat: dark green silk. Yellow Emperor: yellow regalia. Green Emperor: green tablet. Red Emperor: red regalia. Great Brightness: green tablet-disk. White Emperor: white regalia. Black Emperor: dark regalia. North Pole: green tablet-disk. August Emperor of Heaven: dark tablet-disk. Spirit Land: two dark tablets with base—all cased. The Five Emperors' silk followed each direction's color. All silk lay in baskets. When set, they were removed after the purity announcement and reset on sacrifice day. At the fifth quarter before chou, Rites set invocation tablets right of the seats, on tables. The Director of Grand Harmony lit the fire-pit lamps. Revenue set annual tribute northeast of palace music—gold first, silk and jade next, the rest behind—all on mats, north-facing behind the rows. Imperial Store and Palace Workshops set treasures and omens west of palace music, north-upper—omens first, middling and lesser after—on mats, north-facing behind. Palace Workshops vice director set conquered spoils southeast—on mats, north-facing behind. Seal officers set the eight treasures southwest—each south of its treasure, north-facing. Astronomy, Imperial Store, Palace Workshops, suburban altar director, and attendants reset Heaven, Earth, paired seat, and first-tier seats with jade and silk at each post. The grand invoker added burying jade to the silk, placed each ritual jade before its seat, and withdrew. The Director of Imperial Victuals filled the sacrificial vessels. Heaven, Earth, and paired seat: three platter rows—right upper; shaped salt first, then fish, dried meat, pounded cakes; second row hazelnut, dried peach, meat-strip, jujube; third row water-caltrop, gorgon, chestnut, deer jerky. Three bowl rows—left upper; celery pickle, bamboo-shoot and vegetable pickles; leek, smartweed, fish and rabbit paste; suckling-pig, fermented paste, thick sauce, deer hash. Grain vessel: millet; millet vessel: grain; ascent vessels: great broth. First tier, ten seats: three platter rows—right upper; salt, fish, dried meat; meat-strip, peach, jujube; gorgon, hazelnut, deer jerky. Three bowl rows—left upper; celery, bamboo-shoot; smartweed, leek, fish paste; suckling-pig, fermented paste, deer hash. Grain and millet vessels, ascent great broth; second and third tier: two platters each—deer jerky, dried jujube. Two bowls: deer hash, smartweed pickle. Meat stand: one section of sheep. Inside and outside the inner enclosure: platter deer jerky, bowl deer hash, one sheep section on the stand. The chief brewer filled the wine vessels; for August Heaven and Imperial Earth Sovereign the Grand Vessel stood highest, filled with first-ferment wine; the Display Vessel next, filled with sweet wine; Next the sacrificial bronzes, filled with ang-ferment; then the hu bronzes with ti-ferment; then the elephant bronzes; filled with chen-ferment; the mountain lei last, filled with the three wines. At the associated positions the zhuo bronzes ranked first, filled with wan-ferment; the sacrificial bronzes next with li-ferment; the elephant bronzes next with ang-ferment; the hu bronzes next with ti-ferment; the mountain lei last, filled with the three wines. First rank at each seat: great bronzes with wan-ferment, zhuo bronzes with li-ferment. Second rank: mountain bronzes with ti-ferment. Third rank and inside the inner enclosure: clam bronzes with wan-ferment. Outside the inner enclosure and the stars: gai bronzes with the three wines.
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省牲器：祀前一日午後八刻，去壇二百步禁止行人。 未後二刻，郊社令丞帥其屬掃除壇之上下，司尊、奉禮郎帥執事者以祭器入，設於位。 司天監設神位，太府監、少府監陳玉幣於篚。 未後三刻，禮直官引廩犧令與諸太祝、祝史以牲就位。 又禮直官贊者分引禮部尚書、太常卿、光祿卿、禮部侍郎、太常丞、監祭御史、監禮博士、廩犧令，太官令、太官丞詣內濆東門外省牲位。 立定，乃引禮部尚書、侍郎、太常丞、及監祭御史、監禮博士升自卯階，視濯滌，執事者皆舉冪告潔，俱畢，降復位。 禮直官稍前曰：「告潔畢，請省牲。」 禮部尚書侍郎及太常卿丞稍前，省牲訖，退，復位。 次引光祿卿丞巡牲一匝，光祿卿退，光祿丞西向折身曰：「備訖。」 乃復位。 次引廩犧令巡牲一匝，西向躬身曰：「充。」 又引諸祝史巡牲一匝，首一員西向躬身曰：「腯。」 畢，俱復位。 禮直官稍前曰：「請省饌。」 乃引禮部尚書以下各就位，立定，省饌，訖，禮直官引禮部尚書侍郎、太常卿丞各還齋所，餘官廩犧令與諸太祝祝史以次牽牲詣廚，授太官令丞。 次引光祿卿丞、監祭、監禮詣廚，省鼎鑊，視滌濯畢，乃還齋所。 晡後一刻，太官令帥宰人以鸞刀割牲，祝史各取毛血實以豆，置於饌幔，遂烹牲，祝史乃取瘞血貯於盤。
Inspecting the victim vessels: the eve of sacrifice, eighth quarter after noon, no one might pass within two hundred paces of the altar. At the second wei quarter the suburban-altar director swept the altar; vessel directors and presentation officers brought the ritual gear to its stations. Astronomy set the spirit tablets; the treasuries laid out jade and silk in baskets. Third wei quarter: orderlies led the livestock director, grand invokers, and scribes to position the victims. Presenters then led the Minister of Rites, sacrifice and banquet directors, vice ministers, supervising censor and ritual academic, livestock director, kitchen director and aides to the outer victim pen east of the inner gate. Once formed up, the Minister, vice minister, vice director, censor, and academic climbed the mao stair to inspect the washing; attendants lifted covers and cried "pure"—then all descended. An orderly announced: "Purity complete—inspect the victims." The Minister, vice minister, and sacrifice directors inspected the victims and returned. The banquet director and aide circled the victims; the director withdrew, the aide faced west, bowed, and said: "Ready." Then all resumed their places. The livestock director circled once, faced west, bowed, and said: "Sufficient." Invoker scribes circled; the lead, facing west, bowed and said: "Plump." Done, all returned. An orderly said: "Inspect the offerings." The Minister and others inspected the offerings, then the Minister, vice minister, and sacrifice directors returned to the fast-lodges while the livestock director and invokers led the victims to the kitchen. The banquet officers, censor, and academic inspected kitchen cauldrons and washing, then returned to fast. First shen quarter: the kitchen director's butchers cut the victims; scribes took blood and hair in dous for the offering curtain, then cooked the meat and set burial blood in trays.
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奠玉幣：祀日醜前五刻，亞終獻司徒已下，應行事陪從群官，各服其服就次。 司天監複設壇上及第一等神位。 太府監、少府監陳玉幣。 太常卿、郊社令丞明燭燎。 光祿卿丞實籩豆簠簋尊罍，俟監祭、監禮案視訖，徹去巾蓋。 大樂令帥工人布于宮縣之內、文舞八佾立於縣前表後，武舞八佾各為四佾立于宮縣左右，引舞執纛等在前，又引登歌樂工由卯陛而升，各就其位。 歌、擊、彈者坐，吹者立。 奉禮郎贊者先入就位，餘禮直官、贊者分引分獻宮，監祭御史、監禮博士、諸執事及太祝、祝史、齋郎、助奠、執尊罍、舉冪等官，入自中壝東門，當壇南重行西上、北向立定。 奉禮郎贊：「拜。」 分獻官以下皆再拜，訖，奉禮贊曰：「各就位。」 贊者、禮直官分引監祭御史、監禮博士，按視壇之上下，糾察不如儀者，退復位。 禮直官引司徒入就位，西向立。 禮直官引博士，博士引亞獻，自東濆偏門人就位，西向立。 又禮直官引終獻，次於其位。
Presenting jade and silk: five quarters before chou on sacrifice day, secondary and final offerers, the Minister of Education, and all attendant officers robed and took station. Astronomy again set the altar and first-rank tablets. The treasuries laid out jade and silk. The sacrifice director and suburban-altar officers lit the torches. Banquet officers filled baskets, dous, grain vessels, and wine jars; after censor and academic inspection the covers came off. The music director arrayed players within the palace bells; eight civil dance rows before the frame, martial dancers in fours to either side; captains with banners led; singing musicians climbed the mao stair to station. Singers, strikers, and pluckers sat; pipers stood. Presentation officers entered first; orderlies led distributed-offering lords, censor, academic, invokers, fast-officers, assistants, and vessel-bearers through the central east gate, double-ranked west of the altar facing north. A presenter called: "Bow." Distributed offerers and below bowed twice; then "Each to his station." Presenters led censor and academic to inspect the altar, correct lapses, and return. An orderly led the Minister of Education west to his station. An orderly led the academic, who led the secondary offerer in by the east side gate to stand west. Another orderly placed the final offerer next in line.
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祀日未明一刻，通事舍人引侍中詣齋殿，跪奏：「請中嚴。」 俯伏，興。 又少頃，乃跪奏：「外辦。」 俟尚輦進輿，乃跪奏稱：「具官臣某，請皇帝降座升輿」。 皇帝至大次，乃跪奏稱：「具官臣某，請皇帝降輿。」 皇帝入次，即位於大次外。 質明，詣次前跪奏：「請中嚴。」 少頃，又奏：「外辦。」 訖，太常卿乃當次前跪稱：「具官臣某，請皇帝行事。」 俯伏，興。 凡跪奏，准此。 皇帝出次，乃前導至中濆門，殿中監進大圭，太常卿奏：「請執大圭。」 入自正門，皇帝入小次位，西向立，太常卿乃與博士分左右立定，乃奏：「有司謹具，請行事。」 降神，六成，樂止。 太常卿別一員，乃升煙瘞血，訖，乃奏：「拜。」 訖，俟侍中升壇，請詣盥洗位。 至位，奏：「請搢大圭、盥手。」 訖，奏：「請帨手。」 皇帝帨手，訖，奏：「請執大圭。」 乃引至壇上，殿中監進鎮圭，乃奏：「請搢大圭、執鎮圭。」 皇帝執鎮圭，詣昊天上帝神座前，奏：「請跪，奠鎮圭。」 皇帝奠，訖，執大圭，俯伏，興。 侍中進玉幣，乃奏：「請搢大圭、跪奠玉幣。」 訖，乃奏：「請執大圭。」 俯伏，興。 少退，又奏：「請再拜。」 詣皇地祇及配位，奠鎮圭玉幣，並如儀。 配位唯奏請奠鎮圭及幣。 奠玉幣畢，皇帝還版位，乃奏：「請還小次、釋大圭。」 皇帝入小次，乃立于小次之南稍東，以俟。 皇帝將奠配位之幣也，贊者分引第一等分獻官詣盥洗位，搢笏、盥手、帨手、執笏，各由其陛升，唯不由午陛。 詣神前，搢笏、跪，太祝以玉幣授之，奠訖，俯伏，興。 再拜，訖，各由本陛降，復位。 初，分獻將降也，禮直官引諸祝史、齋郎、應助奠者再拜，祝史各奉毛血之豆入，各由其陛升，諸太祝迎取於壇上，奠訖，退立於尊所。
One quarter before dawn the communications officer brought the attendant-in-waiting to the fast-palace to kneel and report: "Sound the middle vigil." He prostrated and rose. Shortly he knelt again: "The outer rites are ready." When the carriage came he knelt: "Your subject [name] asks that Your Majesty descend and mount." At the great tent he knelt: "Your subject [name] asks that Your Majesty alight." The emperor entered and stood outside the great tent. At full dawn he knelt before the tent: "Please sound the middle vigil." Shortly he reported again: "The outer rites are ready." Done, the sacrifice director knelt at the tent: "Your subject [name] asks that Your Majesty perform the rite." He prostrated and rose. All kneeling reports followed this form. The emperor left the tent; guides led to the central gate; the palace director presented the great tablet; the sacrifice director said: "Take the great tablet." Through the main gate the emperor entered the small tent facing west; director and academic flanked him and reported: "All is ready—please proceed." Descent of the spirit: sixth movement; music stopped. Another director ascended to raise smoke and bury blood; done, he called: "Bow." Done, they waited for the attendant to ascend and lead the emperor to wash. At the station: "Insert the great tablet and wash the hands." Done: "Dry the hands." The emperor dried his hands; then: "Take the great tablet." They led him up; the palace director gave the securing tablet; "Insert the great tablet and take the securing tablet." Before August Heaven's tablet he was told: "Kneel and set down the securing tablet." He set it down, took the great tablet, prostrated, and rose. The attendant brought jade and silk; "Insert the great tablet, kneel, and set down jade and silk." Done: "Take the great tablet." He prostrated and rose. He stepped back; then: "Bow twice." At Imperial Earth and the associated seats he set securing tablet and jade and silk by the same rite. At associated positions only securing tablet and silk were announced. Jade and silk done, the emperor returned; "Return to the small tent and release the great tablet." He entered the small tent and waited slightly east of its south side. Before silk at associated seats, presenters led first-rank distributed offerers to wash—tablet tucked, hands washed and dried—each up his own stair, never the wu stair. At each seat they knelt with tucked tablets; a grand invoker gave jade and silk; they prostrated and rose. They bowed twice, descended their stairs, and returned. As distributed offerers descended, orderlies led scribes and fast-officers to bow; scribes bore blood-and-hair dous up; grand invokers set them on the altar and stood by the wine.
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進熟：奠玉幣訖，降還小次。 有司先陳牛鼎三、羊鼎三、豕鼎三、魚鼎三，各在鑊右。 太官令丞帥進饌者詣廚，以匕升牛羊豕魚，自鑊各實於鼎。 牛羊豕皆肩、臂、臑、肫、胳、正脊各一，長脅二，短脅二、代脅二、凡十一體。 牛豕皆三十斤，羊十五斤，魚十五頭一十五斤，實訖，冪之。 祝史二人以扃對舉一鼎，牛鼎在前，羊豕次之，魚又次之，有司執匕以從，各陳於每位饌幔位。 從祀壇上第一等五方帝、大明、夜明、天皇大帝、神州地祇、北極，皆羊豕之體並同。 光祿卿帥祝史、齋郎、太官令丞各以匕升牛羊豕魚於俎，肩臂臑在上端，肫胳在下端，脊脅在中，魚即橫置，頭在尊位，設去鼎冪。 光祿卿丞同太官令丞實籩豆簠簋，籩實以粉餈，豆實以糝食，簠實稻，簋實粱。
Presenting the cooked offering: jade and silk done, he returned to the small tent. Officers had set three ox, sheep, pig, and fish cauldrons each, every cauldron to the right of its pot. Kitchen director and aides led bearers to ladle ox, sheep, pig, and fish from pots into cauldrons. Ox, sheep, and pig each: shoulder, arm, shin, rump, rib-flap, spine, two long flanks, two short flanks, two substitute flanks—eleven cuts. Ox and pig thirty jin each, sheep fifteen, fish fifteen heads totaling fifteen jin; then covered. Two scribes bore each cauldron on poles—ox first, then sheep and pig, then fish—ladle-bearers following to each offering curtain. First-rank associated worship—the Five Emperors, sun and moon, Celestial Sovereign, Nine-Regions Earth, North Pole—used the same sheep and pig cuts. The banquet director led officers to load trays—shoulder and arm above, rump and rib below, spine and flank between; fish crosswise, head toward the wine; cauldron covers off. Banquet and kitchen officers filled baskets with powdered cakes, dous with mash, one vessel with millet, one with glutinous grain.
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俟皇帝還小次，樂止。 禮直官引司徒出詣饌幔所，與薦籩豆簠簋俎齋，各奉天、地、配位之饌。 司徒帥太官令以序入內濆正門，樂作，至壇下，俟。 祝史進徹毛血豆，降自卯陛，以次出，訖，司徒與薦籩豆簠簋俎齋郎，奉昊天上帝、皇地祇之饌，升自午陛。 太官令丞與薦籩豆簠簋俎齊郎，奉配位及第一等神位之饌，升自卯陛。 各位太祝迎於壇陛之道間。 于昊天上帝位，司徒搢笏北向跪奉，粉餈籩在糗餌之前，糝食豆在醓醢之前，簠左簋右，皆在登前，牛俎在豆前，羊豕魚俎次之，以右為上。 司徒俯伏，興，奉饌者奉訖，皆出笏就位，一拜。 司徒次詣皇地祇奉奠，並如上儀。 配位亦同。 司徒及奉於、地、配位饌者以次降。 太官令帥奉第一等神位之饌，各於其位，並如前儀。 俱畢，樂止。 司徒、太官令以下皆就位，訖，侍中升自卯陛，立於昊天上帝酌尊所，以俟。 太常卿乃當次前俯伏，跪奏：「請皇帝詣盥洗位。」 俯伏，興。 皇帝出次，殿中監進大圭，乃奏：「請執大圭。」 至盥洗位，奏：「請搢大圭、盥手。」 皇帝盥手，訖，奏：「請帨手。」 皇帝帨手，訖，奏：「請執大圭。」 乃詣爵洗位。 至位，奏：「請搢大圭、受爵」，又奏：「請洗爵。」 皇帝洗爵，訖，奏：「請拭爵。」 皇帝拭爵，訖，奏：「請執大圭。」 以爵奉爵官。 皇帝詣昊天上帝酌尊所，執爵，良醖令舉冪，侍中跪酌太尊之泛齊，酌訖，皇帝以爵授侍中。 皇帝乃詣昊天上帝神座前，侍中進爵，乃奏「請搢大圭，跪執爵三祭酒。」 訖，奏：「請奠爵。」 奠爵訖，奏：「請執大圭。」 俯伏，興。 又奏：「請少退。」 立俟。 中書侍郎讀冊文，訖，乃奏：「請再拜。」 詣皇地祇位及配位，並如上儀。 獻畢，皇帝還版位，乃奏「請還小釋大圭。」 皇帝入小次，太常卿立于小次東南。 禮直官引博士，博士引亞獻，詣次，盥洗位，搢笏、盥手、帨手、訖，詣爵洗位，搢笏、洗爵，拭爵，訖，以爵授執事者，執笏升自卯陛，詣昊天上帝酌尊所，西向立。 執事者以爵授之，乃搢笏執爵。 執尊者舉冪，良醖令跪酌著尊之醴齊，酌訖，複以爵授執事者，執笏詣昊天上帝神座前。 初，亞獻至盥洗位，文舞退，武舞進，樂作。 亞獻詣昊天上帝神座前，搢笏跪，執事者以爵授之，乃執爵三祭酒，奠爵，執笏，俯伏，興，少退，再拜。 次詣皇地祗及配位，並如上儀。 獻畢，降復位。 禮直官引博士，博士引終獻，詣盥洗位，盥手，洗爵，升壇奠獻，並如上儀。
When the emperor was back in the small tent, music stopped. An orderly led the Minister of Education to the curtain with fast-officers bearing Heaven, Earth, and associated offerings. The Minister led the kitchen director through the inner main gate with music to the altar foot and waited. Scribes removed the blood dous and left by the mao stair; then the Minister and fast-officers bore Heaven and Earth offerings up the wu stair. Kitchen director and fast-officers bore associated and first-rank offerings up the mao stair. A grand invoker met each party on the stair path. At August Heaven the Minister knelt north with tucked tablet—powdered cakes before grain cakes, mash before fermented sauce, millet left and glutinous right before the grand stew, ox tray before dous, sheep, pig, and fish after, right uppermost. He prostrated and rose; bearers finished, tucked tablets, took station, and bowed once. He next presented at Imperial Earth by the same rite. The associated seat the same. The Minister and Heaven, Earth, and associated bearers descended in turn. The kitchen director led first-rank offerings to each seat by the same rite. All finished; music stopped. Minister, kitchen director, and others took station; the attendant-in-waiting climbed the mao stair to August Heaven's wine station and waited. The sacrifice director prostrated at the tent: "Please go to the washing station." He prostrated and rose. The emperor left the tent; the palace director gave the great tablet; "Take the great tablet." At washing: "Insert the great tablet and wash the hands." Hands washed; "Dry the hands." Hands dried; "Take the great tablet." He went to the cup-washing station. There: "Insert the great tablet and receive the cup," then "Wash the cup." Cup washed; "Dry the cup." Cup dried; "Take the great tablet." He handed the cup to the cup officer. At August Heaven's wine station the emperor took the cup; fine-brew director lifted the cover; the attendant knelt and poured wan-ferment from the great bronze; the emperor gave him the cup. Before August Heaven's tablet the attendant brought the cup; "Insert the great tablet, kneel, take the cup, and thrice offer wine." Done: "Set down the cup." Cup set: "Take the great tablet." He prostrated and rose. Then: "Withdraw a little." He stood and waited. The Secretariat vice director read the prayer; then: "Bow twice." At Imperial Earth and associated seats—all as above. Offering done, he returned; "Return to the small tent and release the great tablet." The emperor entered the small tent; the sacrifice director stood to its southeast. An orderly led the academic, who led the secondary offerer to wash and clean the cup, handed the cup to an attendant, and climbed the mao stair west to August Heaven's wine station. An attendant gave the cup; he tucked his tablet and took it. The vessel officer lifted the cover; fine-brew director knelt and poured li-ferment from the zhuo bronze; he returned the cup to the attendant and went before August Heaven's tablet. When the secondary offerer reached washing, civil dancers withdrew, martial dancers advanced, and music played. At August Heaven he knelt, thrice offered wine, set the cup, prostrated, rose, stepped back, and bowed twice. Then Imperial Earth and associated seats by the same rite. Done, he descended and returned. An orderly led the academic, who led the final offerer to wash, clean the cup, ascend, and offer by the same rite.
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初，終獻將升壇，禮直官分引第一等分獻官詣盥洗位，搢笏，盥手，帨手。 執笏，各由其陛，唯不由午陛，詣神位酌尊所，執事者以爵授之，乃酌泛齊，訖，以爵授執事者，共詣神座前，搢笏跪，執事者以爵授之，乃執爵三祭酒，奠爵，執笏，俯伏，興，少退，再拜，訖，各引還本位。 初，第一等分獻官將升，贊引引第二等、第三等、內濆內外眾星位分獻各詣盥洗位，搢笏、盥手、帨手、酌酒、奠拜，並同上儀。 祝史、齋郎以次助奠，訖，各還本位。 諸太祝各進徹籩、豆各一，少移故處，樂作。 卒徹，樂止。 初，終獻禮畢，降復位，太常卿乃當次前俯伏，跪奏：「請皇帝詣飲福位。」 皇帝出次。 殿中監進大圭。 乃奏：「請執爵，三祭酒。」 又奏：「請啐酒。」 皇帝啐酒，訖，以爵授侍中，乃奏：「請受胙。」 侍中再以爵酒進，乃奏：「請受爵飲福。」 皇帝飲福，訖，奏：「請執大圭。」 俯伏，興。 又奏：「請再拜。」 訖，乃導還版位，西向立，俟送神樂止。 乃奏：「請詣望燎位。」 至位，南向立，俟火半柴，乃跪奏：「具官臣某言禮畢。」 皇帝還大次，出中濆門外，奏：「請釋大圭。」 皇帝入大次。 初，終獻禮畢，司徙、侍中、太祝各升自卯陛，太祝持胙俎進，減天、地、配位前胙肉加於俎，皆取前腳第二節，又以黍稷飯共置一籩，奉詣司徒侍中後，北向立。 俟皇帝至飲福位，太常卿奏：「請皇帝搢大圭啐酒。」 訖，司徒乃進胙俎，皇帝受胙，訖，奉禮郎贊曰：「賜胙。」 贊者唱曰：「再拜。」 在位者皆再拜，送神，樂一成止。 皇帝既入大次，更通天冠、絳紗袍，升輿，至齋宮，乘金輅。 通事舍人引門下侍郎當輅前跪奏，稱：「具官臣某請車駕進發。」 至侍臣上馬所，乃跪奏：「具官臣某請車駕少駐，敕侍臣上馬。」 侍中稱：「制可。」 乃退，傳制稱：「侍臣上馬。」 侍臣上馬畢，乃跪奏，稱：「具官臣某請敕車右升。」 千牛將軍升訖，跪奏稱：「具官臣某請車駕進發。」 車駕動，前中後三部鼓吹凡十二隊齊作。 應行禮陪從祀官先詣應天門奉迎，再拜。 大樂令先詣應天門外，準備奏樂如儀。 訖，擇日稱賀。
As the final offerer was about to ascend, orderlies led first-rank distributed offerers to wash and dry. Tablets in hand, each climbed his stair—not the wu—to pour wan-ferment, thrice offered at the tablet, prostrated, bowed twice, and returned. As first-rank offerers ascended, presenters led second- and third-rank and star-seat offerers through wash, pour, offer, and bow by the same rite. Scribes and fast-officers assisted in turn, then each returned. Each grand invoker advanced one basket and one dou, nudged them slightly; music played. Withdrawal complete; music stopped. When the final offering was done, the sacrifice director prostrated: "Please go to the blessing-drinking station." The emperor left the tent. The palace director presented the great tablet. "Take the cup and thrice offer wine." Then: "Taste the wine." The emperor tasted the wine and gave the cup to the attendant; "Receive the blessed meat." The attendant brought wine again; "Receive the cup and drink the blessing." The emperor drank the blessing; then: "Take the great tablet." He prostrated and rose. Then: "Bow twice." He led him back to the spirit-board, standing west until the send-off music ended. "Please go to the fire-offering station." Facing south he waited until half the firewood burned, then knelt: "Your subject [name] reports the rite complete." The emperor returned to the great tent; outside the central gate: "Release the great tablet." The emperor entered the great tent. When the final offering ended, the Minister, attendant, and grand invokers climbed the mao stair; an invoker cut blessed meat from Heaven, Earth, and associated trays—the second foreleg joint each—and set millet and glutinous rice in one basket, standing north behind the Minister and attendant. At the blessing station the sacrifice director said: "Insert the great tablet and taste the wine." Done, the Minister advanced the blessed meat; the emperor received it; a presenter called: "Bestowing blessed meat." A presenter called: "Bow twice." All present bowed twice; send-off music—one movement, then stop. In the great tent he changed to the tongtian crown and crimson gauze robe, mounted the carriage, reached the fast-palace, and took the golden chariot. The communications officer brought the Secretariat vice director to kneel before the carriage: "Your subject [name] asks that the procession depart." At the ministers' mounting place he knelt: "Your subject [name] asks a brief halt—command the attendant ministers to mount." The attendant said: "Granted." He withdrew and announced: "Attendant ministers, mount." When ministers had mounted he knelt: "Your subject [name] asks that the right of the carriage mount." When the Thousand-Ox general had mounted he knelt: "Your subject [name] asks that the procession depart." The procession moved; all twelve wind-and-drum bands of the front, middle, and rear played together. Attending officers went first to Yingtian Gate to welcome the emperor and bowed twice. The music director waited outside Yingtian Gate to perform as prescribed. When done a day was chosen for congratulatory rites.
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承安元年，將郊，禮官言：「禮神之玉當用真玉，燔玉當用次玉。 昔大定十一年，天、地之玉皆以次玉代之，臣等疑其未盡。 禮貴有恆，不能繼者不敢以獻。 若燔真玉，常祀用之恐有時或闕，反失禮制。 若從近代之典及本朝儀禮，真玉禮神，次玉燔瘞，於禮為當。 近代郊，自第二等升天皇大帝、北極於第一等，前八位舊各有禮玉燔玉，而此二位尚無之。 按《周禮典瑞》雲：'以圭璧祀日月星辰。 '近代禮九宮貴神、大火星位，猶用《周禮》之說。 其天皇大帝、北極二位，固宜用禮神之玉及燔玉也。」 上命俱用真玉。 省臣又奏：「前時郊，天、地、配位各用一犢，五方帝、日、月、神州、天皇大帝、北極十位皆大祀，亦當用犢，當時止以羊代。 第二等以下從祀神位則分刲羊豕以獻。 竊意天、地之祀，籩豆尚多者以備陰陽之物，鼎俎尚少者以人之烹薦無可以稱其德，則貴質而已。 故天地日月星辰之位皆用一俎，前時第一等神位偏用二俎，似為不倫。 今第一等神位亦當各用犢一，餘位以羊豕分獻，及朝享太廟則用犢十二。」 上從之。
Cheng'an 1, before a suburban sacrifice, ritual officers said: "Spirit-addressing jade must be true jade; burning jade may be secondary. In Dading 11 jade for Heaven and Earth was all replaced with secondary jade—we doubt that was sound. Rites prize constancy; we dare not offer what cannot be sustained. Burning true jade might leave regular sacrifices short and break the system. Following recent codes and our observances—true jade for the spirits, secondary for burning and burial—fits the rite. Recent suburban rites raised Celestial Sovereign and North Pole to first rank; the eight former first-rank seats had ritual and burning jade, but these two did not. The Zhou Rites' Canon of Regalia says: "Use gui and bi for sun, moon, and stars." Recent rites for Nine Palaces spirits and the Great Fire still follow the Zhou rule. Celestial Sovereign and North Pole should likewise have spirit jade and burning jade. The emperor ordered true jade throughout. Provincial ministers memorialized again: "The last suburban rite used one ox each for Heaven, Earth, and associated seats; the ten great sacrifices—Five Emperors, sun, moon, Nine-Regions Earth, Celestial Sovereign, North Pole—should have oxen too, but only sheep were used. Lower associated seats received cut portions of sheep and pig. For Heaven and Earth, many baskets and dous supply yin-yang things; few cauldrons and trays mean human cooking cannot match their virtue—quality alone counts. Sun, moon, and stars use one tray each; earlier first-rank seats used two—that seemed irregular. Each first-rank seat should have one ox; other seats sheep and pig in portions; twelve oxen for Grand Temple audience. The emperor agreed.