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卷四十一 志第二十二: 儀衞上 常朝儀衛內外立仗、常行儀衛行仗 法駕黃麾仗

Volume 41 Treatises 22: Ceremonial Guards 1 - Inner and Outer Armed Guards of Honor in Regular Court Assemblies; Marching Armed Guards; Armed Imperial Command Carriage

Chapter 41 of 金史 · History of Jin
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1
Inner and Outer Standing Guards for Regular Court Ceremonial Escort; Marching Guards for Regular Processional Ceremonial Escort
2
殿殿 仿 宿
Under Jin institutional practice, the emperor's ceremonial guard was divided into standing formations and marching formations. The personnel included bodyguards, imperial guard troops, crossbowmen, crane handlers, umbrella bearers, and long-march escorts. Standing formations comprised inner and outer hall-court deployments, employed at major rites and grand court assemblies. At the regular new- and full-moon audiences, only a hundred crossbowmen were posted on the two stairways. Marching formations included the imperial command carriage guard, the grand carriage guard, and the yellow-banner guard, used when the emperor went on progress or performed suburban and temple sacrifices. For occasions that were not major rites or distant travel, there were the regular processional guard and palace escorts. In general they followed Song practice, selectively adapting and revising it as needed. Palace night guard duty is treated in the Military Treatises.
3
殿 宿 殿 殿 殿 殿殿西 殿西 殿西 殿西 殿西殿 退
Initially, under the dynasty's original rules, on each new- and full-moon audience day guards were posted below the hall and armored troops stationed behind the curtains. In the first year of Zhenglong (1156), Emperor Hailing removed the armored troops and kept only a hundred brocade-clad crossbowmen, posted on the two stairways. The prescribed attire for the chief and deputy inspectors was official court dress with a side-worn belt. At regular audiences they wore open purple robes. The left and right guard generals and rotating-duty generals wore open purple with gold belts, each carrying a jade, crystal, or gold-mounted mace. The left and right personal guards wore wrapped purple jackets, gilded belts, and maces, with arms at their belts. The hundred imperial crossbowmen and umbrella bearers all wore gold-flowered crossed-foot turbans, gilded copper-inlaid floral belts, and maces. Twenty inner attendants from the left and right shifts, bearing ritual implements, wore open purple and gilded belts. On days of audience the crossbowmen and umbrella bearers stood guard outside the hall gate in two facing ranks. After the timekeeper announced the hour, the emperor took the throne, the whip was sounded, and the gate officers reported that all ranks were in place. The inner attendants bearing ritual implements came down the hall steps in succession and stood facing south. The inspection office reported the emperor's wellbeing; crossbowmen and umbrella bearers outside the hall gate cried their acclamation to the north; when done they formed facing ranks east and west outside the gate. The chief inspector and two deputies in order of precedence ascended the hall: the chief inspector east and near the south, the left deputy a little farther south, the right deputy in the west—all facing east and standing opposite one another. The left and right guard generals stood facing each other east and west below the hall. After the provincial ministers had completed their greetings in rank order, the left and right secretariat vice ministers joined the chief ministers in presenting memorials. After the palace censors had completed their greetings, they stood facing each other east and west, north of the guard generals and slightly forward. The imperial diarists stood facing each other east and west on the secondary steps outside the hall balustrade, waiting their turn. When business was concluded the emperor withdrew to the inner chambers, and only then did the escort withdraw.
4
殿 殿 殿殿
At major rites and grand court assemblies there were inner and outer standing formations. In the first month of Huangtong 1 (1141), when Emperor Xizong received the seals and jade insignia, the standing guard numbered 1,180 men. From that time until Emperor Hailing's reign the formation regularly employed three thousand men. In Dading 7 (1167), when Emperor Shizong received the seals and jade insignia, the guard was sharply reduced; because no carriage equipage had been used under Tiande and Zhenyuan, that element was dropped entirely. After that it was sometimes cut to two thousand, or one thousand, eight hundred, or six hundred men. In Tiande 2 (1150), when Emperor Hailing installed his empress, the patent was issued at the Diligence in Government Hall with a reduced yellow-banner guard: the front six sections, 71 acting officers, and 678 bearers. Receiving the patent at the Grand Harmony Hall used the rear six sections, with 36 acting officers and 322 bearers. In the first month of Dading 8 the heir apparent was installed at the Great Peace Hall with a half yellow-banner guard of 2,265 men; presenting the memorial at the Benevolent Government Hall used a reduced yellow-banner guard of 1,402 men. In the twenty-seventh year the imperial great-grandson was installed in the same fashion.
5
In Dading 8 a half yellow-banner guard comprised 175 acting officers, 2,081 bearers, and 9 arrangement officers.
6
殿 西 西 西 西 西 西
Inner Hall-Court Formation A single rank faced each other east and west at the center, with north-facing banners marking the central aisle. The left row was arrayed from the north, facing west. One yellow-banner pennant, borne by three men. One officer in green patterned silk, two large pheasant-tail fans. One officer in green patterned silk and six medium pheasant-tail fans; one officer in green patterned silk and six small pheasant-tail fans. One officer in green patterned silk and six vermilion round fans. One officer in green patterned silk and four battlement-shaped parasols. One officer in green patterned silk and one large red umbrella. One officer in green patterned silk and two purple square umbrellas. One officer in green patterned silk and one ceremonial canopy. The right row, arrayed facing east, matched this arrangement. Facing north, first row: eight gate pennants, twenty-four men total, split left and right. Leaving the central aisle open. Second row: twelve gate-guard commandants, left and right. Third row: one longevity banner and one flag-escort general at the center; then fifteen five-direction dragon flags to the east and fifteen five-direction phoenix flags to the west. Fourth row, from the center eastward: five azure dragon flags and twenty red dragon flags. From the center westward: five azure dragon flags and twenty red dragon flags. Fifth row, as above, plus one "Long Live the Sovereign" flag with five men at the center. One sun flag, five men to the left. One moon flag, five men to the right. Sixth row, from the center eastward: one each of the All Under Heaven at Peace, artemisia-pattern, sun-and-moon conjoined, artemisia-pattern, azure dragon, red dragon, Yellow River stream, and Yangtze River stream flags—five men per flag—plus one formation direct officer and one formation general. One flag each for the wei, wu, si, chen, mao, and yin earthly branches, and one each for the azure and white celestial king flags. From the center westward: one each of the auspicious cloud, five stars in alignment, auspicious cloud, yellow dragon, white dragon, black dragon, Huai River stream, and Ji River stream flags—five men per flag—plus one direct officer and one general. One flag each for the shen, you, xu, hai, zi, and chou earthly branches, and one each for the scarlet and black celestial king flags. Seventh row, from the center eastward: one peacock flag with five men. One each of the azure bird, rhinoceros, yak, camelopard, red bear, white wolf, golden parrot, tame rhinoceros, horned tip, owl-parrot, zouya, wild horse, auspicious wheat, and sweet dew flags—five men per flag. The arrangement from the center westward was the same.
7
西 竿竿竿竿竿 宿 宿 宿 宿 宿 宿 宿 宿 宿 宿 宿 宿 宿 宿 西 宿 宿 宿 宿 宿 西
Outer Formation Posted outside the gate. On the left, facing west, arrayed from the north. First section, first row: one attendant censor, one great general, and one assault-resistance commandant each, with three section commanders. Second row: five crimson guide pennants (fifteen men); then in sequence four dragon-head poles, five bows and arrows, two signal drums, four dragon-head poles, five ceremonial gong-axes, four dragon-head poles, five vermilion blade-shields, four dragon-head poles, five green blade-shields, four dragon-head poles, and five small halberds. Third row, identical to the first. Fourth row, identical to the second. Sections two through five continued south in order, each with four rows front and rear matching the first section in names and numbers, but without crimson guide pennants. The five right-hand sections faced east, with identical colors and numbers. On the left, fifth row from the north: each large flag was separated by two small red dragon flags. One Horn lodge flag (three men), with two small flags between each. One Neck lodge flag (three men), with two small flags between each. One Root lodge flag (three men), with two small flags between each. One Room lodge flag (three men), with two small flags between each. One Heart lodge flag (three men), with two small flags between each. One Tail lodge flag (three men), with two small flags between each. One Winnowing-Basket lodge flag (three men), with two small flags between each. One Dipper lodge flag (three men), with two small flags between each. One Ox lodge flag (three men), with two small flags between each. One Woman lodge flag (three men), with one dragon flag and one yellow patterned-border flag each. One Void lodge flag (three men), with two red and yellow patterned-border flags. One Rooftop lodge flag (three men), with two red and purple patterned-border flags. One Encampment lodge flag (three men), with two yellow and purple patterned-border flags. One Wall lodge flag (three men), with two red and yellow patterned-border flags. One double-wheel flag (three men), with two red and purple patterned-border flags. One left Sheti flag (three men), with two yellow and purple patterned-border flags. One azure dragon flag (three men), with two red and yellow patterned-border flags. One Jupiter flag (three men), with two red and purple patterned-border flags. One Mars flag (three men), with two yellow and purple patterned-border flags. One Saturn flag (three men), with two red and yellow patterned-border flags. One Venus flag (three men), with two red and purple patterned-border flags. One Mercury flag (three men), with one clerk-soldier flag and one purple patterned-border flag each. One Northern Marchmount flag (three men), with one clerk-soldier flag and one dragon-lord flag each. One Eastern Marchmount flag (three men), with one dragon-lord flag and one yellow bear flag each. One Central Marchmount flag (three men), with one yellow bear flag and one red leopard flag each. One Western Marchmount flag (three men), with one red leopard flag and one strongman flag each. One Southern Marchmount flag (three men), with one strongman flag and one tiger-lord flag each. One vermilion sparrow flag (three men), with one tiger-lord flag and one heavenly horse flag each. On the right, fifth row from the north. One Legs lodge flag (three men). One Bond lodge flag (three men). One Stomach lodge flag (three men). One Hairy Head lodge flag (three men). One Net lodge flag (three men) and one Turtle Beak lodge flag (three men). One Three Stars lodge flag (three men). One Well lodge flag (three men). One Ghost lodge flag (three men). All likewise employed two interspersed flags, as above. One Willow lodge flag (three men), with one red dragon flag and one yellow patterned-border flag each. One Star lodge flag (three men), with two red and yellow patterned-border flags. One Extended Net lodge flag (three men), with two red and purple patterned-border flags. One Wings lodge flag (three men), with two purple and yellow patterned-border flags. One Chariot lodge flag (three men), with two red and yellow patterned-border flags. One double-wheel flag (three men), with two red and purple patterned-border flags. One right Sheti flag (three men), with two purple and yellow patterned-border flags. One white tiger flag (three men), with two red and yellow patterned-border flags. One eastern deity flag (three men), with two red and purple patterned-border flags. One southern deity flag (three men) with two yellow and purple patterned-border flags; one central deity flag (three men) with two red dragon patterned-border flags. One western deity flag (three men), with two red and purple patterned-border flags. One northern deity flag (three men), with one strongman flag and one purple patterned-border flag each. One Wind Lord flag (three men), with one strongman flag and one tiger-lord flag each. One Rain Master flag (three men), with one tiger-lord flag and two yellow bear flags. One Thunder Duke flag (three men), with one yellow bear flag and two red leopard flags. One Lightning Mother flag (three men), with one red leopard flag and two clerk-soldier flags. One Big Dipper flag (three men), with one clerk-soldier flag and two dragon-lord flags. One Black Tortoise flag, three men, with one dragon-lord flag and two heavenly horse flags. Formations of three men to one flag stood in double ranks; those of two men each bearing a small flag did likewise.
8
殿 鹿
The guard outside the hall gate also arrayed from the north, keeping the central aisle open. Two each of the Flying Qilin, Swift Camelopard, Luan, Qilin, and Tame Elephant flags—ten men total—parted from the center to form the first echelon. Two each of the Hawk-Chicken, Pixi, Jade Horse, Triangular Beast, and Yellow Deer flags—ten men total—formed the next outward echelon as the second rank. Next came the third echelon: three commandants in the first section and two in each of sections two through five. After that, five sections of twenty blade-shields each formed the fourth echelon. After that, five sections of twenty bows and arrows each formed the fifth echelon. The left and right sides matched.
9
The reduced yellow-banner guard comprised 88 acting officers, 1,305 bearers, and 9 arrangement officers.
10
西 西 西
Inner formation: one row left of the central aisle, arrayed from the north and facing west. One yellow-banner pennant, borne by three men. Six large, six medium, and six small pheasant-tail fans; six vermilion round fans; four battlement-shaped parasols; one large red umbrella; two purple square umbrellas; and one ceremonial canopy—with one officer in green patterned silk posted above each umbrella and fan. The right row, facing east, followed the same sequence. Facing north, first row: one longevity banner at the center. Eight gate pennants—twenty-four men total—split left and right. Second row: five men bearing the "Long Live the Sovereign" flag at the center. To the left: five men with the sun flag and five gate-guard commandants. To the right: five men with the moon flag and five gate-guard commandants. Third row: fifteen five-direction dragon flags to the left and fifteen five-direction phoenix flags to the right. Fourth row: thirty-four red dragon flags; fifth row: thirty-four red dragon flags—all split left and right. Sixth row, from the center eastward: one each of the Peace, artemisia-pattern, Conjoined Disks, artemisia-pattern, red dragon, and azure dragon flags—five men per flag—plus one direct officer and one general. One flag each for the wei, wu, si, chen, mao, and yin earthly branches, and one each for the azure and white celestial king flags. From the center westward: auspicious cloud, linked pearls, auspicious cloud, yellow dragon. One white dragon flag and one black dragon flag—five men per flag—plus one direct officer and one general. One flag each for the shen, you, xu, hai, zi, and chou earthly branches, and one each for the scarlet and black celestial king flags. Seventh row, from the center eastward: one each of the Yellow River stream, Yangtze River stream, rhinoceros, red bear, tame rhinoceros, horned tip, owl-parrot, and net-cord flags—five men per flag. From the center westward: one each of the Huai River stream, Ji River stream, rhinoceros, red bear, tame rhinoceros, horned tip, owl-parrot, and net-cord flags—five men per flag.
11
西 竿竿竿竿竿 西 西
Outer formation: on the left, facing west and arrayed from the north; first row across five sections—one attendant censor, one great general, and one assault-resistance commandant apiece, with two section commanders each. Second row, first section: five crimson guide pennants with fifteen men. Then in sequence: four dragon-head poles, five bows and arrows, two signal drums, and five ceremonial gong-axes; four dragon-head poles, five bows and arrows, five vermilion blade-shields, and five green blade-shields; four dragon-head poles, five ceremonial gong-axes, five vermilion blade-shields, and five green blade-shields; four dragon-head poles and five small halberds; and again four dragon-head poles and five small halberds. Sections two through five omitted crimson guide pennants but otherwise matched in color and number, continuing south in succession. The five right-hand sections, facing east, were arranged the same way. Left third row, from the north: one flag each for the Horn, Neck, Root, Room, Heart, Tail, Winnowing-Basket, Dipper, Ox, Woman, Void, Rooftop, Encampment, and Wall lodges—three men per flag. Next: one double-wheel, left Sheti, and azure dragon flag each; one flag each for Jupiter, Mars, Saturn, Venus, and Mercury; one flag each for the Northern, Eastern, Central, Southern, and Western Marchmounts—three men per flag. Next: four purple patterned-border flags, four yellow patterned-border flags, four red patterned-border flags, two clerk-soldier flags, and one heavenly horse flag. Right third row, from the north: one flag each for the Legs, Bond, Stomach, Hairy Head, Net, Turtle Beak, Three Stars, Well, Ghost, Willow, Star, Extended Net, Wings, and Chariot lodges—three men per flag. Next: one double-wheel, right Sheti, and white tiger flag each; one flag each for the eastern, southern, central, western, and northern deities; one flag each for the Wind Lord, Rain Master, Thunder Duke, Lightning Mother, and Big Dipper—three men per flag. Next: four purple patterned-border flags, four yellow patterned-border flags, four red patterned-border flags, two clerk-soldier flags, and one heavenly horse flag.
12
使 殿殿
Marching Formation When the emperor was not sacrificing, touring, or traveling afar, the regular processional guard was employed. Two hundred crossbowmen, five military envoys, and two hundred crane handlers under four leaders—all in red peony brocade jackets, gold phoenix-flower crossed-foot turbans, and gilded silver belts; crane handlers sometimes wore black caps and green jackets. All carried gilded silver garlic-clove maces. Four hundred long-march guards wore fist-and-foot turbans, red brocade four-panel jackets, and gilded belts. Two in purple robes led without implements; the rest carried seventy-eight strung maces, eighty-eight melons, and thirty-four stirrups ahead of the crane handlers, while eighty Golden Guard maces, sixty gold-flower great swords with red velvet knots, and fifty-eight ceremonial gong-axes marched behind them. At regular audiences, hall sessions, suburban and temple rites, and imperial visits, whenever the palanquin moved there were close attendants: two with gilded silver maces; ten fan bearers; four whisk holders; two incense-box and two incense-ball bearers; two tally and two banner bearers; and one each for bowl, spittoon, clean cloth, gong and cymbals, water jar, folding chair, and axe. When the emperor left his private chambers they posted outside the gate and escorted him to the hall; when he took the throne they waited below the steps; only after he withdrew to the inner chambers were the guards dismissed.
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Armed Imperial Command Carriage Yellow-Banner Guard
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使殿殿 殿殿 輿輿輿
Personnel of the Tianjuan-era imperial command carriage guard. Acting officers totaled 699: 43 generals and great generals; 126 assault-resistance and resolute commandants; 56 commandants; 34 brigade generals; 246 troop-leading officers; 6 army supervisors; 6 squad chiefs; 1 Thousand-Ox officer; 2 brigade commanders; 2 section commanders; 2 standard escorts; 4 yamen escorts; 4 four-color officers; 2 flag escorts; 4 carriage-lead officers; 4 advance-horse officers; 2 armed-guard direct officers; 2 armed-guard generals; 16 officers in green patterned silk; 2 chief administrators; 2 band directors and 2 assistant band directors; 5 ritual attendants; the director, senior astrologer, and bureau assistant of the astrological service; 1 office prefect; 4 clepsydra keepers; 1 county magistrate; 1 censor-in-chief; 10 aides; 2 carriage-presentation officers; 2 generals flanking the carriage; 2 generals accompanying the carriage; 2 horse-training officers; 8 officers of the four ministries and bureaus; 48 imperial escort officers; 1 carriage-head bearer; 1 fan-rack bearer; 2 directors of the imperial carriage service; 2 vice directors of the palace service; 2 tribute officers; 4 clerks; 4 document clerks; 2 armed-guard escorts; and 24 palace censors. All direct-guard companies totaled 2,945 men: Harmonious Appearance Direct (360 men: 6 cadre, 300 long-march guards, 136 flag bearers); Carriage Escort (62 men: 2 cadre, 60 long-march guards); 12 Carriage-Head Celestial Martial officers; 11 Tea-and-Wine Attendants bearing follow-items; 6 Imperial Dragon Direct sword guards; 8 Celestial Martial gate keepers; 10 Front-Hall Shift whip beaters; Imperial Dragon Direct (40 men: 2 cadre, 38 long-march guards); Mace Direct (134, with 2 section escorts); 35 Front-Hall Shift gate keepers; 700 Sun-Upholding Horse guards; 700 Serving-the-Inner-Palace Foot guards; Celestial Martial mace and great-sword guard (310 men: 10 cadre, 300 long-march guards); East Fourth Shift (31 men: 1 cadre, 30 long-march guards); 20 Fan-Rack Celestial Martial guards; 17 Sun-Upholding company follow-leaders; Clustered-Carriage Tea-and-Wine company (31 men: 1 cadre, 30 long-march guards); and Harmonious Appearance Direct (31 men: 1 cadre, 30 long-march guards). Arrow-Summoning company: 33 men (3 cadre, 30 long-march guards); 310 Celestial Martial guards in patterned silk. Ten cadre and three hundred long-march guards. Carriage attendants totaled 638: the jade carriage had 140 men (4 path-clearing horse handlers, 128 attendants, 8 flanking the carriage); the gold carriage had 64 (4 path-clearing handlers and 60 attendants); the elephant carriage had 40; leather, wood, and plough-root carriages matched this pattern; 2 leather war chariots (50 men total); south-pointing and mile-recording chariots (30 each); ordinary, banner, and leather-canopied carriages (18 each); yellow battle-axe and leopard-tail carriages (15 each); and 8 attendant carriages (80 men total). Sedan personnel totaled 685: one small sedan (24 long-march guards); one Leisure sedan (35 men: 9 squad-leader rank markers, 26 long-march guards); the level sedan (42 men: 9 squad-leader rank markers, 7 cadre, 26 long-march guards); the waist sedan (19 men: 1 cadre, 2 squad-leader scouts, 16 long-march guards); the great sedan (371 men: 4 sedan-bearer cadre, 12 squad leaders, 355 long-march guards in five watches); one Fragrance Pavilion sedan (60 long-march guards); and 32 imperial horses (134 men total). Horse handlers: 64 Celestial Martial officers. Flanking horses: 64 long-march guards of the Imperial Horse Direct. Imperial Horse Direct: 3 cadre; Celestial Martial rank markers, 3; horse escorts, 6; elephants, 23. Bearers and litter-carriers totaled 8,771. Band musicians: 994. Horses: 6,078.
15
In Tiande 5 (1157), when Emperor Hailing moved the capital to Yan, he employed a yellow-banner guard of 10,823 men, acting officers included, with 3,969 mounted men in eight sections.
16
鹿
First section. Central path: twenty-three elephants. Two rank markers; a copper gong; seven treasures; one stone striker and one silver hook; two iron hooks; and fifteen small flags—all in flowered-foot turbans, blue brocade jackets with scarlet panels, and gilded silver double-deer belts. First lead escort, 72 men: one path-clearer in martial cap, scarlet cloud-crane robe, trousers, and leather belt, carrying a black-lacquered staff. One screened crossbow carriage; attire: scarlet flat-cap kerchief, scarlet demon-quelling jacket, leather belt, and scarlet trousers. Two presentation horses with four handlers in scarlet flat-cap kerchiefs, scarlet embroidered treasure-flower jackets, and silver leather belts, with two sets of tasseled bridles and light sandals. One light carriage with two red horses and eighteen attendants in martial caps, scarlet embroidered pheasant large-sleeved jackets, and white trousers. The horses wore tasseled bridles, light sandals, copper faceplates, and wrapped tails. One county magistrate in court dress, seated in the light carriage. Four aides, all in court dress. Eight horse handlers in brocade caps, stitched purple jackets, great pendants, and silver belts. One purple square umbrella; bearers in yellow forehead bands, treasure-flower jackets, silver belts, and baggy trousers. One vermilion round fan and one curved canopy; scarlet forehead bands, treasure-flower jackets, leather belts, and trousers. Two green-robed attendants in green flat caps, green jackets, trousers, and leather belts, carrying green bamboo staffs. Two wheel-spoke clubs; attire: scarlet flat caps, scarlet white-auspice-beast jackets, leather belts, and scarlet trousers. Two halt-announcement banners with six bearers in scarlet forehead bands, treasure-flower jackets, leather belts, and trousers. One instruction-transmission banner and one trust banner, three men each, all in yellow forehead bands, treasure-flower jackets, leather belts, and baggy trousers. Sixteen small halberds. Attire the same as above.
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Second lead escort, 264 men: two path-clearers, one screened crossbow carriage, four presentation horses, and eight handlers; attire all as before. One shoulder drum and one golden chime; flat-cap kerchiefs, scarlet phoenix jackets, forehead bands, trousers, and brocade serpent belts. Six great drums; yellow thunder-flower jackets, trousers, forehead bands, and belts. One ceremonial baton, one banner pennant, one command flag, two flanking spears, four horns, and ten honor blades; all in flat-cap kerchiefs, scarlet embroidered treasure-flower jackets, silver leather belts, and baggy trousers. One leather carriage with four red horses and twenty-five attendants in martial caps, unicorn-emblem large-sleeved jackets, sash belts, and horse trappings as before. One prefectural governor in court dress, seated in the carriage. Four aides and eight horse handlers; attire all as before. One cymbal drum, two flutes, two horns, one bamboo pipe, and one double-reed pipe; all in flat caps, scarlet treasure-flower jackets, and silver-brown forehead bands. One great transverse wind ensemble in scarlet rush-pattern robes, trousers, forehead bands, and belts. Four green-robed attendants, four wheel-spoke clubs, one purple square umbrella, four vermilion round fans, one curved canopy, two halt-announcement banners with six bearers, two instruction banners with six bearers, two trust banners with six bearers, and forty small halberds; attire all as before. Thirty-six sword-shield men in silver-brown forehead bands, treasure-flower jackets, silver leather belts, and trousers. Thirty-six bow-and-arrow men in brocade caps, blue treasure-flower jackets, silver leather belts, and trousers. Thirty-six spears. Brocade caps, purple treasure-flower robes, leather belts, and trousers.
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Vermilion Bird banner detachment, 34 men: three assault-and-rescue commandants in flat-cap kerchiefs, purple demon-quelling jackets, leather belts, baggy helmets, brocade serpent belts, side swords, and bow and arrow. Two white spears; flat-cap kerchiefs and scarlet embroidered treasure-flower jackets. Leather belts and trousers. One Vermilion Bird banner with five men in scarlet forehead bands, treasure-flower jackets, leather belts, baggy trousers, and side swords; escorts and flankers additionally carried bow and arrow. Six crossbows, six bow-and-arrow sets, and twelve spears. All in flat caps, scarlet treasure-flower jackets, side swords, leather belts, and trousers.
19
竿
Dragon banner detachment, 71 men: one grand general in court dress. Four lead banners; yellow forehead bands, treasure-flower jackets, leather belts, and baggy trousers. Twelve banners—Wind Lord, Rain Master, Thunder Duke, Lightning Mother, Northern Dipper, five Five-Star banners, and two left and right Sheti banners—with sixty bearers and flankers in all, all in five-colored treasure-flower jackets, forehead bands, leather belts, trousers, and side swords; escorts and flankers additionally carried bow and arrow; hereafter all banner bearers followed the same rule. Two auxiliary poles; brocade caps, yellow treasure-flower jackets, leather belts, and trousers. Four banner guards. Additionally yellow forehead bands and bow and arrow.
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Grand Steward's three carriages, 81 men: on the south-pointing carriage, thirty attendants in martial caps, scarlet embroidered peacock large-sleeved jackets, silver-brown belts, and trousers. On the odometer drum carriage, thirty attendants in unicorn-emblem large-sleeved jackets. On the phoenix banner carriage, eighteen attendants in auspicious eagle large-sleeved jackets. Twelve red horses for the carriages and three men bearing black staffs.
21
Outer guard of honor. Gate-guard banner detachment, 28 men, divided left and right. Two White Auspice-Beast banners with five bearers and five flankers each in green full-armor caps, armor for men and horses, brocade arm guards, and side swords; escorts and flankers additionally carried bow and arrow. Golden Crow gate-guard banners at the first gate: four gate banners with twelve bearers and flankers in blue treasure-flower jackets, forehead bands, leather belts, baggy trousers, and side swords; escorts and flankers additionally carried bow and arrow. Six gate-inspection commandants. Long-foot turbans, scarlet forehead bands, lion-pattern military vests, silver belts, side swords, bow and arrow, and black leather boots; later units followed the same attire.
22
宿宿宿宿
Forward cavalry, first unit, 70 men: two assault-and-rescue and resolute-action commandants in brocade caps, scarlet demon-quelling robes, trousers, leather belts, side swords, and bow and arrow. Four banners for the Horn, Neck, Dipper, and Ox lunar mansions, five men per banner, all in five-colored treasure-flower jackets, forehead bands, leather belts, and side swords; escorts and flankers additionally carried bow and arrow. Six crossbows and fourteen bow-and-arrow sets, all in brocade caps, blue treasure-flower jackets, leather belts, and trousers. Twenty-eight spears. Scarlet jackets; the rest as above.
23
宿宿宿宿
Second unit, 70 men: two assault-and-rescue and resolute-action commandants in White Auspice-Beast jackets. Four banners for the Root, Woman, Chamber, and Emptiness lunar mansions, five men per banner; six crossbows and fourteen bow-and-arrow sets. Twenty-eight spears. Attire and equipment as before.
24
宿宿宿宿
Third unit, 70 men: two assault-and-rescue and resolute-action commandants; banners for the Heart, Rooftop, Tail, and Encampment lunar mansions, five men per banner; six crossbows, fourteen bow-and-arrow sets, and twenty-eight spears. Attire and equipment as before.
25
使 宿宿 宿宿 宿宿 宿宿 宿宿 宿宿 宿宿宿宿
Second section. Central path. Golden Crow lead-escort cavalry, 20 men: two assault-and-rescue commandants in flat-cap kerchiefs, scarlet demon-quelling jackets, leather belts, trousers, side swords, and bow and arrow. Six crossbows and six bow-and-arrow sets. Six spears. All in flat-cap kerchiefs, scarlet treasure-flower military vests, leather belts, and trousers. Forward wind-and-percussion ensemble, 547 men: two ensemble directors in long-foot turbans, green official robes, horn belts, silk whips, and black leather boots. Four prefectural clerks in long-foot turbans, green broad jackets, horn belts, yellow silk half-sleeves, and black boots. One section commander in flat-cap kerchief, purple treasure-flower jacket, leather belt, and brocade serpent belt. Forty-eight unit leaders in five groups in flat-cap kerchiefs, scarlet phoenix jackets, leather belts, and trousers, bearing honor blades. Shoulder drums and golden chimes, twelve each; flat-cap kerchiefs, scarlet phoenix jackets, silver-brown forehead bands, and brocade serpent belts. Great drums and long whistles, 120 each; yellow thunder-flower jackets, forehead bands, and belts. Twelve cymbal drums in scarlet rush-pattern jackets with forehead bands and belts. Twenty-four singers, twenty-four Gongshen pipes, twenty-four flutes, and twenty-four horns; attire as the chime-drummers, without serpent belts. One hundred twenty great transverse wind players. Attire as the cymbal drummers. Outer guard of honor. Cavalry section, fourth unit, 60 men, divided left and right. Two assault-and-rescue commandants in scarlet qilin jackets. One banner each for the Winnowing Basket and Wall lunar mansions, five men per banner; six crossbows, fourteen bow-and-arrow sets, and twenty spears. Attire and equipment all as the preceding unit. Fifth unit, 60 men: two assault-and-rescue commandants; one banner each for the Striding Legs and Well lunar mansions, five men per banner; six crossbows, fourteen bow-and-arrow sets, and twenty-eight spears. Attire and equipment all as the preceding unit. Sixth unit, 60 men: two assault-and-rescue commandants in scarlet auspicious eagle robes. One banner each for the Bond and Ghost lunar mansions, five men per banner; six crossbows, fourteen bow-and-arrow sets, and twenty-eight spears. Attire and equipment all as the preceding unit. Seventh unit, 60 men: two assault-and-rescue commandants; one banner each for the Stomach and Willow lunar mansions, five men per banner; six crossbows, fourteen bow-and-arrow sets, and twenty-eight spears. Attire and equipment all as the preceding unit. Eighth unit, 60 men: two assault-and-rescue commandants; one banner each for the Hairy Head and Star lunar mansions, five men per banner; six crossbows, fourteen bow-and-arrow sets, and twenty-eight spears. Attire and equipment all as the preceding unit. Ninth unit, 60 men: two assault-and-rescue commandants in red leopard robes. One banner each for the Net and Extended Net lunar mansions, five men per banner; six crossbows, fourteen bow-and-arrow sets, and twenty-eight spears. Attire and equipment the same as before. Tenth unit, 70 men: two assault-and-rescue commandants in auspicious horse robes. One banner each for the Turtle Beak, Wings, Three Stars, and Chariot lunar mansions, five men per banner; six crossbows, fourteen bow-and-arrow sets, and twenty-eight spears. Attire and equipment as before. Infantry armor units, first and second units, 110 men: two commanding generals of the Lead Army Guard in flat-cap kerchiefs, purple White Auspice-Beast robes, trousers, belts, brocade serpent belts, side swords, and bow and arrow. Four bull-spears; flat-cap kerchiefs and scarlet treasure-flower robes with baggy trousers. Four assault-and-rescue commandants; attire as the generals. Two egret-chicken banners and two brown bear banners, five men each; forty men in vermilion armor with bow and arrow and forty in vermilion armor with sword and shield. Helmet, body armor, shoulder guards, brocade arm guards, leg bindings, shoes and socks, armor-tightening straps, and leather belt.
26
鹿
Third section. Central path: forward wind-and-percussion ensemble, second group, 523 men; attendants and censors outside. Two section drums, twenty-four flutes, twenty-four bamboo pipes, twenty-four double-reed pipes, twenty-four horns, and twenty-four peach-skin double-reed pipes; black flat-cap kerchiefs, scarlet paired-phoenix jackets, silver-brown sash belts, and baggy trousers. Twenty-six unit leaders in four groups with leather belts, bearing honor blades; attire as above, without sash belts. Twelve shoulder drums and twelve golden chimes; black flat-cap kerchiefs, scarlet embroidered paired-phoenix jackets, silver-brown sash belts, baggy trousers, and brocade serpent belts. One hundred twenty small drums and one hundred twenty mid-whistles in yellow thunder-flower robes with trousers, forehead bands, and belts. Twelve feather-canopy drums in blue rush-pattern robes with forehead bands and belts. Twenty-four singers, twenty-four Gongshen pipes, twenty-four bamboo flutes, and twenty-four horns; attire in the same colors as before. Two attendant censors in court dress. One yellow-banner pennant, borne by three men. Martial caps, scarlet treasure-flower jackets, silver-brown sash belts, and baggy trousers; those bearing rode, those in trousers marched on foot. Outer guard of honor. Infantry armor, third unit, 52 men: two assault-and-rescue and resolute-action commandants in purple auspicious-horse robes. Two Jade Horse banners, five men per banner; forty men in blue armor with bow and arrow. Attire and equipment all as the preceding unit. Fourth unit, 52 men: two assault-and-rescue and resolute-action commandants in auspicious-eagle robes. Two Triangular Beast banners, five men per banner; forty men in blue armor with sword and shield. Fifth unit, 52 men: two assault-and-rescue and resolute-action commandants in White Auspice-Beast robes. Two Yellow Deer banners, five men per banner; forty men in black armor with bow and arrow. Sixth unit, 52 men: two assault-and-rescue and resolute-action commandants; attire unchanged. Two Flying Qilin banners, five men per banner; forty men in black armor with sword and shield. Seventh unit, 52 men: two assault-and-rescue and resolute-action commandants in red-leopard robes. Two Swift Camelopard banners, five men per banner; forty men in silver-brown armor with bow and arrow. Eighth unit, 52 men: two assault-and-rescue and resolute-action commandants; attire unchanged. Two luan banners, five men per banner; forty men in silver-brown armor with sword and shield. Ninth unit, 52 men: two assault-and-rescue and resolute-action commandants in auspicious-eagle robes. Two qilin banners, five men per banner; forty men in yellow armor with bow and arrow. Tenth unit, 52 men: two assault-and-rescue and resolute-action commandants; two Tame Elephant banners with five men per banner; forty men in yellow armor with sword and shield. Attire and equipment as before. Golden Crow gate-guard banners at the second gate: four gate banners with twelve bearers and flankers, and six gate-inspection commandants. Attire and equipment as at the first gate. Two Left and Right Garrison Guard generals in flat-cap kerchiefs, purple Flying Qilin robes, baggy trousers, brocade serpent belts, leather belts, side swords, and bow and arrow. Twenty crimson guide pennants with sixty bearers in martial caps, scarlet embroidered treasure-flower jackets, silver-brown sash belts, and baggy trousers. Eighty in all.
27
殿 竿 殿 竿 殿 竿
Fourth section. Central path: Six Armies ceremonial guard, 252 men—six army supervisors in flowered-foot turbans, purple embroidered forehead bands, peacock robes, leather belts, side swords, leather boots, weapons, and ornamented horses. Six squad chiefs in long-foot turbans, purple treasure-flower large-sleeved jackets, leather belts, and side swords. Two Divine Martial Army banners, two Feathered Forest Army banners, and two Dragon Martial Army banners, five men per banner; bearers wore brocade caps, escorts and flankers gilded caps. Forty-eight rank-line banners, four clerk-soldier banners, four strongman banners, four red-leopard banners, four yellow-bear banners, four Dragon Lord banners, four Tiger Lord banners, and six trailing heavenly-horse banners—one man per banner—in brocade caps, five-colored treasure-flower jackets, leather belts, and brocade arm guards. Ninety white-shaft spears; crossed-foot turbans, five-colored treasure-flower jackets, forehead bands, leather belts, and sweat trousers. Twenty-four Ke Shu poles and eighteen stirrup staves. All wore gilded caps, five-colored treasure-flower jackets, and leather belts. Carriage-escort Dragon Court banner detachment, 65 men: two armed-guard direct officers and two armed-guard generals, all in long-foot turbans, purple broad jackets, red girdle belts, silk whips, and black leather boots. Four Heavenly King banners and one banner for each of the twelve chronograms, one man per banner, all in brocade caps, five-colored treasure-flower jackets, leather belts, and arm guards. One All-under-Heaven at Peace banner and five Five-Directions dragon banners, five men per banner; bearers in brocade caps, escorts and flankers in gilded caps, with attire as above and side swords and bow and arrow. One Myriad Years to the Sovereign banner and one each of Sun and Moon banners, five men per banner. Bearers wore brocade caps, escorts and flankers gilded caps; attire and equipment followed the preceding examples. Imperial horses, 66 men: sixteen horses with four men per horse; thirty-two horse handlers in gilded caps, purple treasure-flower jackets, and leather belts. Thirty-two flanking horse handlers. Black caps, blue brocade jackets, and gilded copper belts. One Guangwu rank marker in a brocade cap, bearing a black staff; attire as the horse handlers. One cadre officer overseeing the mounted imperial-horse detail. Black cap, red brocade jacket, and gilded copper belt. Central-path unit, 32 men: one great general in court dress with a silk whip. One Sun-and-Moon Combined Disk banner, two rush-pattern banners, one Five Stars in Succession banner, and two auspicious-cloud banners, five men per banner. Attire and equipment as in the preceding examples. One longevity pennant. Flat-cap kerchief, scarlet treasure-flower jacket, leather belt, and baggy trousers. Golden Crow fine staves, 100 men: one Azure Dragon banner, one White Tiger banner, five Five Sacred Peaks spirit banners, and five Five-Directions spirit banners, four men per banner, all in four-colored treasure-flower jackets with blue, yellow, silver-brown, and black forehead bands, belts, and side swords; escorts and flankers as before. Two flag escorts in long-foot turbans, purple broad jackets, red girdle horn belts, and black leather boots. Three banners each for the Five-Directions dragon and Five-Directions phoenix flags, one man per banner, all in five-colored jackets with forehead bands, leather belts, and side swords. Four Four-Rivers banners, five men per banner. All in black treasure-flower jackets with forehead bands, leather belts, and side swords; escorts and flankers as before. Outer guard of honor. First section before the yellow banner, 272 men: two palace censors in court dress. Two Left and Right Garrison Guard great generals and two assault-and-rescue commandants in flat-cap kerchiefs, purple Flying Qilin robes, leather belts, baggy trousers, brocade serpent belts, side swords, and bow and arrow. Twenty unit leaders in flat-cap kerchiefs, scarlet treasure-flower jackets, leather belts, trousers, and honor blades. One hundred dragon-head poles, six signal drums, twenty ceremonial gong-axes, twenty small halberds, forty bow-and-arrow sets, twenty vermilion-cord laced sword-shields, twenty spears, and twenty green-cord laced sword-shields. All in blue treasure-flower jackets with forehead bands, belts, leg bindings, and shoes and socks. Second section, 272 men: two palace censors, two Left and Right Lead Army Guard great generals, and two assault-and-rescue commandants in purple embroidered White Auspice-Beast robes. Twenty unit leaders; one hundred dragon-head poles, six signal drums, twenty ceremonial gong-axes, twenty small halberds, forty bow-and-arrow sets, twenty vermilion-cord laced sword-shields, twenty spears, and twenty green-cord laced sword-shields. Attire all scarlet. Third section, 272 men: two palace censors, two Left and Right Garrison Guard great generals, and two assault-and-rescue commandants in purple auspicious-eagle robes. Twenty unit leaders; one hundred dragon-head poles, six signal drums, twenty ceremonial gong-axes, twenty small halberds, forty bow-and-arrow sets, twenty vermilion-cord laced sword-shields, twenty spears, and twenty green-cord laced sword-shields. Attire all yellow; the remainder as in the section above.
28
輿 輿 輿 輿 輿 輿 殿竿 竿 竿
Fifth section. Central path: Eight Treasures incense tables, 300 men in all—ninety-six litter bearers in flat-cap kerchiefs, scarlet treasure-flower jackets, baggy trousers, and gilded silver belts. Thirty-two candle lanterns with great silver waist belts; attire as the litter bearers. Sixteen walking horses; attire as the candle lanterns. Sixteen officers in green patterned silk in bowed-foot turbans, green patterned-silk jackets, gilded copper belts, and black leather boots; the rearmost four bore long swords. Eight Seal-and-Treasure officers in long-foot turbans, green broad jackets, and horn belts, bearing locust-wood tablets and guiding on foot. Thirty-two treasure escorts and two cadre officers in martial caps and purple treasure-flower jackets with leather belts, bearing black-lacquered staffs. Thirty long-march guards in scarlet treasure-flower jackets, bearing black-lacquered staffs. Eight incense tables with thirty-two litter bearers; attire as the candle lanterns and walking horses. Behind the tables: six Golden Crow maces, two square umbrellas, and four large pheasant-tail fans; attire as the green patterned-silk officers. Twelve Golden Crow mace bearers and four four-color officers in long-foot turbans, green broad jackets, baggy trousers, and gold-copper waist belts; the front two bore locust-wood tablets, the rear two gold-copper honor blades. Two armed-guard escorts in long-foot turbans, purple broad jackets, red girdle belts, and black leather boots. Two men in gold armor with shoulder guards, helmets, battle-axes, brocade arm guards, and armor-tightening straps. Four advance-horse officers. Flat-cap kerchiefs, purple rhinoceros-pattern military vests, leather belts, trousers, swords, and bow and arrow. Golden Crow carriage escort, 49 men: one Thousand-Ox general, ten Thousand-Ox guards, and two brigade generals in scarlet embroidered forehead bands, purple rhinoceros-pattern military vests, leather belts, baggy trousers, side swords, bow and arrow, and ornamented horses; the general wore a flat-cap kerchief without a forehead band, Thousand-Ox brigade generals flowered-foot turbans; the rest the same. Two chief administrators in long-foot turbans, green broad jackets, gold-copper waist belts, trousers, and black leather boots. Four carriage-lead officers. Long-foot turbans, purple broad jackets, red girdle belts, and black leather boots. Twelve medium pheasant-tail fans, two great umbrellas, four small pheasant-tail fans, two ornate canopies, one incense step with eight bearers, and one fire torch with two bearers. Martial caps, scarlet treasure-flower large-sleeved jackets, leather belts, and baggy trousers. Waist-palanquin cadre and three squad chiefs in black caps, red brocade jackets, and gilded silver belts. The cadre officer bore a staff. Sixteen long-march guards in fist-and-foot turbans, red brocade four-panel jackets, and gilded silver waist belts. Two arraying officers in long-foot turbans, purple broad jackets, red girdle belts, and black leather boots. Twenty-four small-palanquin bearers with white-girdle silver belts; attire as the long-march guards. Leisure-palanquin cadre and squad chiefs, sixteen in all, in black caps, gilded silver belts, and red brocade square-fret and practice-magpie jackets. The cadre officer bore a black-lacquered staff. Twenty-six long-march guards in red-ground white-lion brocade jackets and gilded silver belts, with caps as above. The level sedan had 16 cadre and squad leaders in black caps, red brocade round-collar jackets, and gilded silver belts. Sedans and palanquins totaled 103 men. The all-shift path-opening flag company numbered 177 men: one path-opening flag; iron armor, helmets, red sleeveless over-jackets, swords, and scarlet horse armor. Twelve black great banners, one bearer each, in black-lacquered iron caps and black leather horse-and-man armor. The carriage escort comprised 62 men in black caps, red brocade round-collar jackets, red sleeveless over-jackets, and iron horse-and-man armor, bearing arrows, weapons, and maces. Dragon-Assisting Direct: 102 men. Black caps, red sleeveless over-jackets, maces, and iron horse-and-man armor. Outer guard of honor. Before the yellow banner, the fourth section numbered 272 men: two attendant censors, two left and right Martial Guard great generals, two assault-resistance commandants, twenty section commanders, one hundred dragon-head poles, six signal drums, twenty ceremonial gong-axes, twenty small halberds, forty bows and arrows, twenty vermilion-cord blade-shields, twenty spears, and twenty green-cord blade-shields. Yellow treasure-flower jackets; all other titles and equipment matched the first section above. Fifth section: 272 men. The left and right Swift Guard great generals and the commandants wore scarlet leopard robes; from the dragon poles downward the men wore silver-brown patterned jackets; all other titles and colors matched the second section above. Sixth section: 272 men. The generals and commandants wore auspicious-horse robes; from the dragon poles downward the men wore black patterned jackets; all other titles and colors matched the third section above.
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殿 殿 使
Sixth section. On the central path, the gate-flag company numbered 123 men: forty mounted gate-flag bearers, ten five-direction colored dragon flags, sixty foot bearers of red dragon gate flags, one elk flag, eight clustered-carriage red dragon flags, two sun-and-moon flags, one qilin flag, and one phoenix flag—one bearer per flag. All wore iron armor, helmets, red brocade jackets, and red sleeveless over-jackets; mounted bearers wore only the red sleeveless over-jackets; foot gate-flag bearers also carried swords. The gold carriage carried the empress dowager, with a princess seated in attendance; it therefore preceded the jade carriage. Ninety-four carriage attendants in scarlet flat-cap kerchiefs, scarlet embroidered facing-phoenix large-sleeved jackets, scarlet forehead bands, scarlet trousers, shoes, and socks. Ten whip-beating inner attendants in black caps, red brocade jackets, and gilded silver belts. Below the carriage head lay the imperial couch. One inner attendant bore the carriage head, wearing a long-foot turban, purple gauze official robe, and gilded silver belt. Two horse handlers in brocade caps, brocade stitched wide jackets, and silver great-pendant waist belts. Twelve Broad Martial officers in brocade caps, white-girdle silver belts, and jackets. Eleven tea-and-wine attendants bore follow-items—two water jars, two incense balls, one spittoon, one silk canopy, one hand towel, three imperial-chair bearers, and one footstool—in black caps, green brocade round-collar jackets, red brocade sleeveless over-jackets, and gilded silver belts. 130 men in all. Revering-Sage Direct: two cadre. Thirty-eight long-march guards. Pearl headcloths, red brocade four-panel jackets, and gilded silver belts. Forty-two imperial escort officers in court dress. Eighty-four attendants in brocade caps, purple stitched wide jackets, and great-pendant silver waist belts. Six sword guards in black caps, red brocade round-collar jackets, red brocade sleeveless over-jackets, and iron armor, bearing bows and arrows and weapons. Eight Broad Martial gate keepers and thirty-five Hall Shift gate keepers. Attire matched the sword guards. The jade carriage carried the emperor and empress together, with the crown prince seated in attendance. One hundred twenty-eight carriage attendants dressed as those of the gold carriage, but in blue-green. One Thousand-Ox officer in full armor stood at the carriage's right bearing a long saber. Two left and right inspectors in gold armor. Two great generals flanking the carriage and two generals accompanying it, all in court dress. Two carriage-presentation officers in long-foot turbans, purple wide jackets, and gilded silver waist belts. Two horse-training officers in long-foot turbans, scarlet forehead bands, purple treasure-flower jackets, and gilded silver waist belts. Two section escorts in black caps and iron armor with red brocade jackets, bearing maces. Eight men flanked the carriage; four path-clearing horse handlers managed two horses with copper faceplates, wrapped tails, and light sandals; the men's attire matched the carriage attendants. 153 men in all. Twenty Dragon-Soaring horse companies totaled 620 men, divided left and right, with three cadre per company in black caps, iron armor, red brocade jackets, and red sleeveless over-jackets, bearing bows and arrows, swords, and maces, with armored horses. Twenty-eight hall attendants. Iron armor, red brocade sleeveless over-jackets, bows and arrows, weapons, and armored horses. East Fifth Shift: six gold-spear companies, each with three flag bearers and twenty-five spearmen, twenty of whom also carried bows and arrows. 168 men in all. All wore iron helmets and bore gold spears. Six silver-spear companies, each with three flag bearers and twenty-five spearmen, twenty of whom also carried bows and arrows. 168 men in all, all in iron caps bearing silver spears. East Fourth Shift: two companies, each with three flag bearers and twenty-five crossbowmen—56 men in all. Iron caps and helmets. The Divine Valor foot company numbered 700 men, divided left and right into four echelons of ten cadre each, in black caps and red brocade round-collar jackets, bearing bows and arrows, weapons, and maces. Six hundred sixty long-march guards, all in iron helmets and armor. Within this formation: Revering-Sage mace direct, 164 men; Revering-Sage spear direct, 164 men—two bearing child flags, the rest bearing spears. Revering-Sage bow-and-arrow direct: 166 men with bows and arrows, weapons, and maces. Revering-Sage crossbow direct: 166 men. They bore crossbows with leather crossbow slings.〉 The Broad Martial mace and great-sword guard numbered 310 men: five commanders in red brocade jackets and red sleeveless over-jackets. Five squad chiefs in red jackets and red sleeveless over-jackets, with black caps, gilded waist belts, and maces. Three hundred long-march guards. Of these, one hundred wore four golden-peng brocade caps, purple peacock wide jackets, white-girdle silver belts, and maces; two hundred wore gilded silver-flowered vermilion-red caps, scarlet facing-phoenix wide jackets, and silver belts, bearing silver-flowered great swords. Forty-two imperial escort officers with eighty-four attendants. Attire as described above. Outer guard of honor. The Azure Dragon and White Tiger company numbered 52 men: two resolute commandants; one Azure Dragon flag and one White Tiger flag, five men per flag; six crossbowmen, fourteen bow-and-arrow bearers, and twenty spearmen. Attire as described above.
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輿 使 殿竿
Seventh section. On the central path behind the carriage, Dragon-Assisting Direct musicians numbered 31 men: one clapper, fifteen oboes, fourteen flutes, and one cadre. Thirty long-march guards supplied their own instruments, all in black caps, red brocade jackets, and gilded belts, mounted. The cadre bore maces. Fan racks: 25 men—one fan-rack officer and two horse handlers—attired as in the preceding example. Two red dragon fans; bearers in long-foot turbans, purple official robes, and gilded silver belts. Twenty Broad Martial guards in brocade caps, embroidered wide jackets, and white-girdle silver belts—ten in purple facing-phoenix jackets and ten in scarlet facing-phoenix jackets. Forty-two Seven Treasures sedan attendants—16 squad leaders and cadre—in black caps and red brocade round-collar jackets. Twenty-six long-march guards. Wrapped turbans, red brocade four-panel jackets, and gilded belts. The Halberd-Bearing company numbered 50 men with two brigade commanders attired as the commandants. Two double-wheel flags, five men per flag, attired as in the preceding example. Two large red silk umbrellas, eight large and eight small pheasant-tail fans, and one red silk embroidered ceremonial canopy; bearers in martial caps, scarlet treasure-flower jackets, leather belts, trousers, and brocade serpent sashes. Eight vermilion round fans; bearers in yellow treasure-flower jackets. One Perfected Warrior streamer; bearers in black treasure-flower jackets. Eight battlement-shaped parasols; bearers in scarlet treasure-flower large-sleeved jackets. One command banner and one streamer banner. Purple treasure-flower jackets and silver-brown forehead belts. The rear band numbered 337 men: two band assistant directors, four ritual attendants, one section commander, eighteen section commanders, three chime gongs and three carrying-drums each, twelve feathered-canopy drums, twenty-four singers, twenty-four Gongshen pipes, twenty-four flutes, twenty-four horns, two beat drums, twelve cymbal drums, sixteen singers, twenty-four flutes, twenty-four horns, and one hundred twenty small transverse wind players. Green rush-pattern robes with forehead bands and belts; all other attire as before. Golden Guard gate-banner third gate: four gate banners, three men per flag, and six gate-watching commandants. Attire and equipment matched the first gate. Behind the yellow banner, the first, second, and third sections each numbered 272 men; attendant censors, guard great generals, assault-resistance commandants, dragon-head poles, and all titles and colors below matched the three sections above.
31
Eighth section. On the central path, the rear band's second unit numbered 120 men: twenty-four flutes, twenty-four panpipes, twenty-four oboes, twenty-four horns, and twenty-four peach-skin oboes. Attire all as before. Eight attendant carriages with twenty-four oxen and eighty carriage attendants. Martial caps, scarlet embroidered cloud-crane large-sleeved jackets, silver-brown forehead belts, and baggy trousers. The yellow battle-axe carriage had two red horses and fifteen carriage attendants. Martial caps, scarlet facing-goose large-sleeved jackets, silver-brown forehead belts, and baggy trousers. The leopard-tail carriage had two red horses and fifteen carriage attendants. Attendants wore martial caps, scarlet large-sleeved jackets emblazoned with standing leopards, silver-brown sash belts, and baggy trousers. The Black Tortoise detachment numbered sixty-one men: one Golden Crow assault-and-rescue commandant in flat-cap kerchief, purple demon-quelling robe, leather belt, trousers, brocade serpent belt, side sword, and bow and arrow. Two white spears, with bearers in flat-cap kerchiefs, scarlet treasure-flower jackets, and leather great belts. One Immortal Boy banner, one Black Tortoise banner, one Serpent banner, and one Divine Tortoise banner, five men per banner, with attire and equipment as in the preceding precedent. Nineteen spears, fifteen bow-and-arrow sets, and four crossbows. Flat-cap kerchiefs, scarlet treasure-flower jackets, leather belts, and trousers. Behind the yellow banner, the fourth, fifth, and sixth sections numbered 272 men each; acting officers, titles, numbers, and uniform colors all followed the specifications given for the fourth, fifth, and sixth sections above. Twenty crimson guide pennants with sixty bearers. All wore martial caps, scarlet embroidered treasure-flower jackets, silver-brown sash belts, and baggy trousers. All officials accompanying the procession were to follow behind the armed guard; those without full court dress wore public dress instead. All who were to ride horses followed Song regulations.
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