1
始祖以下諸子
Sons and Descendants of the Founding Ancestor
2
勗，字勉道。 本名烏野，穆宗第五子。 好學問，國人呼為秀才。 年十六，從太祖攻甯江州，從宗望襲遼主于石輦鐸。 太宗嗣位，自軍中召還，與謀政事。 宗翰、宗望定汴州，受宋帝降。 太宗使勗就軍中往勞之。 宗翰等問其所欲。 曰：「惟好書耳。」 載數車而還。
Xu, whose style name was Miandao. Born Wuye, he was the fifth son of Emperor Muzong. Fond of learning, his countrymen called him "the scholar." At sixteen he followed Emperor Taizu in the assault on Ningjiang Prefecture and joined Zongwang in the surprise attack on the Liao emperor at Shilian Duo. When Emperor Taizong took the throne, Xu was recalled from the field and brought into counsel on government. Zonghan and Zongwang took Bianzhou and accepted the surrender of the Song emperor. Emperor Taizong sent Xu to the army to convey the court's congratulations. Zonghan and the others asked what reward he wanted. He replied, "Books are all I care for." They loaded several cartloads of books for him, and he returned home.
3
女直初無文字，及破遼，獲契丹、漢人，始通契丹、漢字，於是諸子皆學之。 宗雄能以兩月盡通契丹大小字，而完顏希尹乃依仿契丹字制女直字。 女直既未有文字，亦未嘗有記錄，故祖宗事皆不載。 宗翰好訪問女直老人，多得祖宗遺事。 太宗初即位，複進士舉，而韓昉輩皆在朝廷，文學之士稍拔擢用之。 天會六年，詔書求訪祖宗遺事，以備國史，命勗與耶律迪越掌之。 勗等采摭遺言舊事，自始祖以下十帝，綜為三卷。 凡部族，既曰某部，複曰某水之某，又曰某鄉某村，以別識之。 凡與契丹往來及征伐諸部，其間詐謀詭計，一無所隱。 事有詳有略，咸得其實。
The Jurchen had no writing of their own; after the conquest of Liao they took Khitan and Han captives and first learned Khitan and Chinese script, and the imperial sons all took up the study. Zongxiong mastered the full Khitan script in two months, while Wanyan Xiyin devised Jurchen characters modeled on the Khitan writing. Because the Jurchen had no written language and no tradition of record-keeping, the deeds of the ancestors went unrecorded. Zonghan made a habit of questioning elderly Jurchen and gathered many stories handed down about the ancestors. Soon after Emperor Taizong's accession the jinshi civil examination was revived; Han Fang and others were already at court, and literary men began to be promoted into office. In the sixth year of Tianhui (1128) an edict ordered a search for ancestral traditions to furnish the national history, with Xu and Yelü Diyue placed in charge. Xu and his colleagues collected oral traditions and old accounts for the ten reigns from the Founding Ancestor onward and compiled them in three scrolls. For each clan they noted the tribal name, then the branch on a given river, then the hamlet or village, so that each group could be told apart. Their dealings with the Khitan and campaigns against the various tribes, including every stratagem and ruse, were set down without concealment. Some episodes were treated at length and others briefly, but in each case the truth was preserved.
4
自太祖與高麗議和，凡女直入高麗者皆索之，至十餘年，索之不已。 勗上書諫曰：「臣聞德莫大于樂天，仁莫先于惠下。 所索戶口，皆前世奸宄叛亡，烏蠢、訛謨罕、阿海、阿合束之緒裔。 先世綏懷四境，尚未賓服，自先君在與高麗通，聞我將大，因謂本自同出，稍稍款附。 高麗既不聽許，遂生邊釁，因致交兵，久方連和，蓋三十年。 當時壯者今皆物故，子孫安於土俗，婚姻膠固，征索不已，彼固不敢稽留，骨肉乖離，誠非眾願。 人情怨甚可湣者，而必欲求為己有，特彼我之蔽，非一視同仁之大也。 國家民物繁夥，幅員萬里，不知得此果何益耶。 今索之不還，我以強兵勁卒取之無難。 然兵兇器，戰危事，不得已而後用。 高麗稱籓，職貢不闕，國且臣屬，民亦非外。 聖人行義，不責小過，理之所在，不俟終日。 臣愚以為宜施惠下之仁，弘樂天之德，聽免征索，則彼不謂己有，如自我得之矣。」 從之。
After Emperor Taizu concluded peace with Goryeo, the court demanded the return of every Jurchen who had fled there — a claim pressed without pause for more than ten years. Xu submitted a memorial of remonstrance: "I have heard that the greatest virtue is to rejoice in Heaven's will, and the foremost benevolence is to show kindness to one's subjects. The households now demanded are descendants of traitors and fugitives of earlier generations — the lines of Wuchun, Emohan, Ahai, and Aheshu. In earlier reigns the four borders had been pacified but not yet fully brought to allegiance; once our late sovereign opened relations with Goryeo, they heard that our state was rising and, claiming a common origin, began to draw near. When Goryeo refused, border clashes followed and war broke out; peace was restored only after a long interval — some thirty years in all. The adults of that generation are all gone; their descendants have settled into local ways and formed lasting marriages, yet the demands go on. Goryeo does not dare withhold them, but families are torn apart — surely not what anyone wishes. The resentment is pitiable, yet we insist on claiming them as ours — this is the narrow sight of "us" versus "them," not the magnanimity of treating all subjects alike. Our state already teems with people and goods across a realm of ten thousand li — what real gain could these few households bring? If they are not returned now, our strong armies could seize them without difficulty. Yet arms are inauspicious tools and war a perilous undertaking, to be used only when there is no choice. Goryeo has submitted as a vassal, tribute never lapses, the state is already our subject, and its people are not foreigners. A sage ruler practices righteousness and does not harp on small faults; where principle points, he need not wait even a day. I humbly believe Your Majesty should extend kindness to your subjects and embody the virtue of rejoicing in Heaven's will by exempting these households from further demands; Goryeo will then feel as though it had gained them by its own grace, not lost them to force." The emperor accepted his advice.
5
十五年，為尚書左丞加鎮東軍節度使、同中書門下平章事。 預平宗磐之難，賜與甚多，加儀同三司，以「皇叔祖」字冠其銜。 勗皆力辭不受。
In the fifteenth year (1137) he was appointed Left Vice Director of the Department of State Affairs, with concurrent posts as Military Commissioner of the Zhendong Army and Associate Director of the Secretariat-Chancellery. For his role in suppressing Zongpan's rebellion he received lavish rewards, was raised to Palace Attendant of the First Class, and had the honorific "Imperial Uncle-Grandfather" prefixed to his title. Xu firmly declined every honor.
6
皇統元年，撰定熙宗尊號冊文。 上召勗飲於便殿，以玉帶賜之。 所撰《祖宗實錄》成，凡三卷，進入，上焚香立受之，賞賚有差。 制詔左丞勗、平章政事弈職俸外別給二品親王俸傔。 舊制，皇兄弟、皇子為親王給二品俸。 宗室封一字王者給三品俸，勗等別給親王俸，皆異數也。 宴群臣于五雲樓，勗進酒稱謝。 帝起立，宰臣進曰：「至尊為臣下屢起，于禮未安。」 上曰：「朕屈己待臣下，亦何害。」 是日，上及群臣盡歡。 俄同監修國史，進拜平章政事。 光懿皇后忌辰，熙宗將出獵，勗諫而止。
In the first year of Huangtong (1141) he drafted the text proclaiming Emperor Xizong's honorific title. The emperor summoned Xu to drink with him in the side hall and presented him with a jade belt. When his Veritable Records of the Ancestors was complete in three scrolls and presented, the emperor burned incense and received it standing; rewards were granted in due measure. An edict granted Left Vice Director Xu and Director Yi, beyond their regular salaries, the stipend and retinue of a second-rank imperial prince. By established rule, imperial brothers and sons enfeoffed as princes received second-rank stipends. Clan members enfeoffed as kings with a single-character title received third-rank stipends; Xu and the others were separately granted princely stipends — all extraordinary favors. At a feast for the ministers in the Five Clouds Tower, Xu offered wine and expressed his thanks. The emperor rose to his feet; the chief ministers stepped forward and said, "Your Majesty rises again and again for your subjects — this is not proper by ritual." The emperor replied, "What harm is there if I humble myself before my ministers?" That day the emperor and his ministers feasted in full merriment. Soon afterward he was made co-supervisor of the national history and promoted to Director of the Secretariat-Chancellery. On the anniversary of Empress Guangyi's death, when Emperor Xizong was about to go hunting, Xu remonstrated and the hunt was canceled.
7
熙宗獵於海島，三日之間，親射五虎獲之。 勗獻《東狩射虎賦》，上悅，賜以佩刀、玉帶、良馬。 能以契丹字為詩文，凡遊宴有可言者，輒作詩以見意。 時上日與近臣酣飲，或繼以夜，莫能諫之。 勗上疏諫，乃為止酒。 進拜左丞相，兼侍中、監修如故。 八年，奏上《太祖實錄》二十卷，賜黃金八十兩，銀百兩，重彩五十端，絹百匹，通犀、玉鉤帶各一。 出領行台尚書省事，召拜太保，領三省、領行台如故，封魯國王。
Emperor Xizong hunted on a coastal island and within three days personally shot five tigers. Xu presented his "Rhapsody on the Eastern Hunt and Tiger Shooting"; the emperor was pleased and rewarded him with a girdle sword, jade belt, and fine horses. He could compose poetry and prose in Khitan script; whenever a banquet or outing offered occasion for comment, he would write a poem to make his meaning known. At that time the emperor drank heavily with his close ministers day after day, sometimes far into the night, and no one could bring him to stop. Xu submitted a memorial of remonstrance, and only then did the emperor give up his excess. He was promoted to Left Director of the Secretariat while retaining his posts as Palace Attendant and supervisor of compilation. In the eighth year (1148) he presented the twenty-scroll Veritable Records of Taizu and received eighty taels of gold, one hundred taels of silver, fifty bolts of heavy-colored silk, one hundred bolts of plain silk, and one rhinoceros-horn belt and one jade-hook belt. He was sent out to head Branch Secretariat affairs, then recalled and appointed Grand Mentor, retaining charge of the Three Departments and the Branch Secretariat, and enfeoffed as King of Lu.
8
勗剛正寡言。 海陵方用事，朝臣多附之者。 一日，大臣會議，海陵後至，勗面責之曰：
Xu was upright and stern, and spoke little. Prince Hailing was just then rising in power, and many court officials were attaching themselves to him. One day at a council of great ministers Hailing arrived late; Xu rebuked him to his face:
9
「吾年五十餘，猶不敢後，爾少年強健，肪敢如此。」 海陵跪謝。 九年，進拜太師，進封漢國王。 海陵篡立，加恩大臣以收人望，封秦漢國王，領三省、監修如故。
"I am past fifty and still would not dare arrive late; you are young and fit — how dare you behave so?" Hailing knelt and apologized. In the ninth year (1149) he was promoted to Grand Preceptor and advanced to King of Han. When Hailing seized the throne he lavished honors on senior ministers to win public esteem; Xu was enfeoffed as King of Qin and Han, retaining charge of the Three Departments and supervision of compilation.
10
撰定《女直郡望姓氏譜》及他文甚眾。 大定二十年，詔曰：「太師勗諫表詩文甚有典則，朕自即位所未嘗見。 其諫表可入《實錄》，其《射虎賦》詩文等篇什，可鏤版持之。」 子宗秀。
He compiled the Genealogy of Jurchen Clan Prestige and Surnames and many other works besides. In the twentieth year of Dading (1180) an edict declared: "Grand Preceptor Xu's memorials of remonstrance and his poems are models of classical propriety; since Our accession We have seen nothing like them. His remonstrance memorials should enter the Veritable Records; his "Rhapsody on Tiger Shooting," poems, and other pieces should be carved on blocks for preservation." His son was Zongxiu.
11
子宗秀
Son: Zongxiu
12
宗秀，字實甫，本名撕里忽。 涉獵經史，通契丹大小字。 善騎射，與平宗磐、宗雋之亂，授定遠大將軍，以宗磐世襲猛安授之。
Zongxiu, whose style name was Shifu, was born Silihu. He read widely in the classics and histories and mastered the full Khitan script. Skilled in horsemanship and archery, he helped suppress the rebellions of Zongpan and Zongjun and was appointed General Who Pacifies the Far Reaches, with Zongpan's hereditary meng'an granted to him.
13
宗弼複取河南，宗秀與海陵俱赴軍前任使。 宋將岳飛軍於亳、宿之間，宗秀率步騎三千扼其沖要，遂與諸軍逆擊敗之。 師還，為太原尹，改婆速路統軍使、不受。 高麗遣使以士產獻，卻之。 入為刑部尚書，改禦史中丞，授翰林學士。 天德初，轉承旨，封宿國公，賜玉帶。 曆平陽尹、昭義軍節度使，封廣平郡王。 正隆二年卒官，年四十二。 是歲，例降二品以上封爵，改贈金紫光祿大夫。
When Zongbi retook Henan, Zongxiu and Prince Hailing both went to the army on assignment. When the Song general Yue Fei camped between Bo and Su prefectures, Zongxiu led three thousand foot and horse to hold the strategic pass and, joining the other armies, counterattacked and routed him. After the campaign he was made Prefect of Taiyuan; when offered the post of Military Commissioner of the Basu Circuit he declined. When Goryeo sent envoys bearing local products as gifts, he refused them. Recalled to the capital, he served as Director of the Ministry of Justice, then Vice Censor-in-Chief, and was appointed Hanlin Academician. At the opening of the Tiande era (1135) he was made Chief Academician, enfeoffed as Duke of Su, and granted a jade belt. He served as Prefect of Pingyang and Military Commissioner of the Zhaoyi Army and was enfeoffed as Prince of Guangping. In the second year of Zhenglong (1157) he died in office at the age of forty-two. That year, when enfeoffments of the second rank and above were reduced by regulation, he was posthumously granted the title Grand Master of Splendid Happiness with Golden Seal and Blue Ribbon.
14
康宗敬僖皇后生楚王謀良虎。 次室溫都氏生昭武大將軍同喬茁。 次室僕散氏坐事早死，生龍虎衛上將軍隈可。
Emperor Kangzong's Empress Jingyi bore the Prince of Chu, Moulianghu. A secondary consort of the Wendu clan bore General of Illustrious Martiality Tong Qiaozhuo. A secondary consort of the Pusan clan, implicated in a case, died young; she bore General-in-Chief of the Dragon-Tiger Guard Wei Ke.
15
始祖兄弟三人，保活里之後為神士懣、迪古乃，別有傳。
The Founding Ancestor had three brothers; the line of Baohuoli produced Shenshimen and Digunai, each treated in a separate biography.
16
胡十門
Hu Shimen
17
胡十門者，曷蘇館人也。 父撻不野，事遼為太尉。 胡十門善漢語，通契丹大小字，勇而善戰。 高永昌據東京，招曷蘇館人，眾畏高永昌兵強，且欲歸之。 胡十門不肯從，召其族人謀曰：「吾遠祖兄弟三人，同出高麗。 今大聖皇帝之祖入女直，吾祖留高麗，自高麗歸於遼。 吾與皇帝皆三祖之後。 皇帝受命即大位，遼之敗亡有征，吾豈能為永昌之臣哉！」 始祖兄阿古乃留高麗中，胡十門自言如此，蓋自謂阿古乃之後雲。 於是率其族屬部眾詣撒改，烏蠢降，營於馳回山之下。 永昌攻之，胡十門力戰不能敵，奔於撒改。 及攻開州，胡十門以糧餉給軍。 後攻保州，遼獎以舟師遁，胡十門邀擊敗之，降其士卒。 賞賜甚厚，以為曷蘇館七部勃堇，給銀牌一、木牌三。 天輔二年卒。 贈監門衛上將軍，再贈驃騎衛上將軍。
Hu Shimen was a man of the Hesuguan settlement. His father Tabuye had served the Liao as Grand Commandant. Hu Shimen was fluent in Chinese, mastered the full Khitan script, and was both brave and skilled in battle. When Gao Yongchang seized Dongjing (Liaoyang) and summoned the Hesuguan people, many feared his strong forces and were inclined to join him. Hu Shimen refused. He summoned his clansmen and said, "Our remote ancestors were three brothers who all came from Goryeo. The ancestor of the Great Sage Emperor joined the Jurchen; our ancestor stayed in Goryeo and later came from Goryeo to serve the Liao. The emperor and I are both descendants of those three ancestors. The emperor has received Heaven's mandate and taken the throne; the fall of Liao is already foretold — how could I become Yongchang's subject?" The Founding Ancestor's elder brother Agunai had remained in Goryeo; Hu Shimen spoke in this way because he considered himself a descendant of Agunai. He then led his clan and followers to Sagai; when Wuchun submitted, they encamped below Mount Chihui. Yongchang attacked them; Hu Shimen fought hard but could not hold and fled to Sagai. During the assault on Kaizhou he supplied provisions to the army. Later, during the assault on Baozhou, the Liao commander Jiang Yi fled by river with his fleet; Hu Shimen intercepted and routed them and accepted the surrender of their troops. He received lavish rewards and was appointed bojin over the seven tribes of Hesuguan, with one silver tablet and three wooden tablets granted him. He died in the second year of Tianfu (1118). He was posthumously granted the title General-in-Chief of the Gate Guards, and later advanced to General-in-Chief of the Valiant Cavalry Guard.
18
子鉤室，嘗從攻顯州，領四謀克軍，破梁魚務，功最，以其父所管七部為曷蘇館都勃堇。
His son Goushi had taken part in the assault on Xianzhou at the head of four meng'an armies, routed Liang Yuwu with the greatest distinction, and was made chief bojin of Hesuguan over the seven tribes his father had governed.
19
有合住者，亦稱始祖兄苗裔，但不知與胡十門相去幾從耳。
There was also Hezhu, who likewise claimed descent from the Founding Ancestor's elder brother, though how many generations separated him from Hu Shimen is unknown.
20
合住，曷速館苾里海水人也。 仕遼，領辰、複二州漢人、渤海。
Hezhu was from the Bilihai River district of the Hesuguan settlement. He had served the Liao, overseeing the Han and Bohai populations of Chen and Fu prefectures.
21
曾孙布輝
Great-grandson: Buhui
22
子蒲速越，襲父職，再遷靜江中正軍節度使，佩金牌，為曷速館女直部長。
His son Pusuyue inherited his father's post, was twice promoted to Military Commissioner of the Jingjiang Zhongzheng Army, wore a gold tablet, and served as chief of the Jurchen tribes of Hesuguan.
23
子余里也與胡十門同時歸朝，屢以糧餉助伐高永昌及高麗、新羅。 後從宗望伐宋，以功遷真定府路安撫使兼曹州防禦使，佩金牌。 授苾里海水世襲猛安。
His son Yuliye submitted to the court at the same time as Hu Shimen and repeatedly supplied provisions for campaigns against Gao Yongchang, Goryeo, and Silla. He later followed Zongwang in the campaign against Song and, for his service, was appointed Pacification Commissioner of the Zhending Circuit with concurrent post as Defense Commissioner of Cao Prefecture and a gold tablet. He was granted the hereditary meng'an of the Bilihai River district.
24
長子布輝，識女直、契丹、漢字，善騎射。 年十八，宗弼選為紮也，從阿里、蒲盧渾追宋康王於明州。 睿宗聞其才，召置麾下，從經略山東、河北、陝西，襲其父猛安，授昭勇大將軍。 海陵伐宋，以本猛安兵從，半道與南征萬戶完顏福壽等俱亡歸，謁世宗于遼陽。
The eldest son Buhui was literate in Jurchen, Khitan, and Chinese script and skilled in horsemanship and archery. At eighteen Zongbi selected him as a zhaye scout and he joined Ali and Puluhun in pursuing the Song Prince of Kang at Mingzhou. Prince Ruizong heard of his ability and took him onto his staff; he served in the pacification of Shandong, Hebei, and Shaanxi, inherited his father's meng'an, and was appointed General of Manifest Courage. When Hailing campaigned against Song he marched with his meng'an troops, but halfway there he deserted with the Southern Campaign Commander Wanyan Fushou and others and presented himself to Emperor Shizong at Liaoyang.
25
世宗即位，除同知曷蘇館節度使事。 刑部侍郎斜哥為都統，布輝副之，坐擅署置官吏、私用官中財物，削兩階解職。 未浹旬，世宗獻享山陵。 兵部尚書可喜、昭毅大將軍斡論、中都同知完顏璋等謀反，欲因上謁山陵舉事。 斡論與布輝親舊，與之謀議，事具《可喜傳》。 既知事不可成，乃與可喜、璋執斡論等上變。 可喜不肯以始謀盡首，遂並誅之，而賞布輝、璋。 除布輝浚州防禦使，累遷順天軍節度使。 致仕，卒，年六十七。
When Emperor Shizong took the throne, Buhui was appointed Associate Commissioner of the Hesuguan Military Commission. Vice Director Xiege of the Ministry of Justice was made commander-in-chief with Buhui as deputy; for appointing officials without authorization and misusing government property, Buhui was demoted two ranks and dismissed. Within ten days Emperor Shizong went to offer sacrifices at the imperial tombs. Director Keqi of the Ministry of War, General of Resolute Martiality Wolun, Associate Prefect Wanyan Zhang of the Central Capital, and others plotted rebellion, planning to strike when the emperor visited the tombs. Wolun was an old associate of Buhui and drew him into the plot; the full account appears in the biography of Keqi. Realizing the plot could not succeed, Buhui joined Keqi and Zhang in arresting Wolun and the others and reporting the conspiracy. Keqi refused to confess his full role in the plot and was executed along with the others; Buhui and Zhang were rewarded. Buhui was appointed Defense Commissioner of Jun Prefecture and eventually rose to Military Commissioner of the Shuntian Army. He retired from office and died at the age of sixty-seven.
26
昭祖族人摑保者，從昭祖耀武於青嶺、白山。 還至姑里甸，昭祖得疾，寢於村舍，洞無門扉，乃以車輪當門為蔽，摑保臥輪下為捍禦。 已而賊至，刃交於輪輻間。 摑保洞腹見膏，恐昭祖知之，乃然薪取膏以為炙，問之，以他肉對。 昭祖心知之，遂中夜啟行。
Guai Bao, a clansman of the Zhao Ancestor, accompanied him in displaying martial prowess at the Green Ridge and White Mountains. On the return to Guli Field the Zhao Ancestor fell ill and rested in a village hut with no proper door; they blocked the entrance with a cart wheel, and Guai Bao lay beneath it as a guard. Bandits soon arrived, and blades clashed between the wheel spokes. Guai Bao's belly was laid open and his fat exposed; fearing the Zhao Ancestor would learn of it, he burned firewood to roast the fat as meat and, when questioned, said it was ordinary meat. The Zhao Ancestor understood in his heart and set out at midnight.
27
衷，本名醜漢，中都司屬司人，世祖曾孫。 祖霸合布里封鄆王，父悟烈官至特進。 大定中，收充閤門祗候，授代州宣銳軍都指揮使。 歲旱，州委禱雨於五台靈潭，步致其水，雨隨下，人為刻石紀之。 四遷引進使，兼典客署令，改尚輦局使。 扈從北幸，賜廄馬二以旌其勤。 尋為夏國王李仁孝封冊使，曆寧海、蠡州刺史，入為大睦親府丞。 除順義軍節度使，陛辭，賜金幣，特寵異之。 移鎮鎮西。 泰和六年，致仕，卒。
Zhong, born Chouhan, was of the Directorate of Palace Services in the Central Capital and a great-grandson of Emperor Shizu. His grandfather Bahebuli was enfeoffed as Prince of Yun; his father Wulie rose to the rank of Special Advancement. During the Dading era he was enrolled as a gate attendant and appointed Commander of the Xuanrui Army in Dai Prefecture. In a drought year the prefecture sent him to pray for rain at the Spirit Pool on Mount Wutai; he walked there to bring back its water, rain followed at once, and the people erected a stone to commemorate the event. He was promoted four times to Commissioner of Presentation, served concurrently as Director of the Bureau of Guests, and was then made Director of the Imperial Carriage Office. On the emperor's northern tour he was rewarded with two stable horses in recognition of his diligence. He was soon appointed envoy to invest Li Renxiao, King of Western Xia, served as Prefect of Ninghai and Li prefectures, and was recalled as Vice Director of the Bureau of Imperial Kinship. Appointed Military Commissioner of the Shunyi Army, he received gold and coins at his farewell audience and was singled out for special favor. He was transferred to the Zhenxi command. In the sixth year of Taihe (1206) he retired and died.
28
衷孝悌貞謹，深悉本朝婚禮，皇族婚嫁每令衷相之。 治複有能稱，其在寧海、蠡州，平賦役無擾，民立石頌遺愛。 大安初，追贈輔國上將軍。
Zhong was filial, fraternal, upright, and careful, and thoroughly versed in the dynasty's marriage rites; imperial clan weddings were routinely entrusted to his oversight. As an administrator he was likewise praised; at Ninghai and Li he kept taxes and corvée fair and unobtrusive, and the people erected stones in praise of his kindness. At the opening of the Da'an era he was posthumously granted the title General Who Assists the State.
29
齊，本名掃合，穆宗曾孫。 父胡八魯，甯州刺史。 大定中，以族次充司屬司將軍，授同知複州軍州事，累遷刑部員外郎。 上諭曰：「本朝以來，未嘗有內族為六部郎官者，以卿曆職廉能，故授之。」 先是，複州合廝罕關地方七百八里，因圍獵，禁民樵捕。 齊言其地肥衍，令賦民開種則公私有益。 上然之，為弛禁。 即牧民以居，田收甚利，因名其地曰合廝罕猛安。
Qi, born Saohe, was a great-grandson of Emperor Muzong. His father Hubalu had served as Prefect of Ning Prefecture. During the Dading era he filled the clan quota as General of the Directorate of Palace Services, was appointed Associate Prefect of Fu Military Prefecture, and rose to Vice Director in the Ministry of Justice. The emperor told him, "Since our dynasty's founding no member of the inner clan has held a bureau directorship in the Six Ministries; you are granted this post because of your integrity and ability in office." Earlier, the Hegesihan Pass district in Fu Prefecture covered seven hundred and eighty li; as a hunting preserve, the people had been forbidden to gather firewood or hunt there. Qi argued that the land was fertile and extensive and that allowing the people to open it for cultivation would benefit both state and populace. The emperor agreed and lifted the ban. Herdsmen were settled there at once; harvests proved highly profitable, and the district was named the Hegesihan meng'an.
30
章宗立，改戶部員外郎，出為磁州刺史，治以寬簡，未嘗留獄。 屬邑武安，有道士視觀宇不謹，吏民為請鄰郡王師者代主之。 道士忿奪其利，告王私置禁銅器，法當徒。 縣令惡其為人，反坐之，具獄上。 齊審其誣。 又以王有德，不忍坐之，問同僚，無以對。 齊曰：「道士同請即同居也，當准首，俱釋其罪。」 其寬明有體，皆此類也。
When Emperor Zhangzong took the throne, Qi was transferred to Vice Director in the Ministry of Revenue and sent out as Prefect of Ci Prefecture, where he governed with leniency and simplicity and never held cases in detention. In the subordinate county of Wu'an a Daoist priest was negligent in tending the temple; officials and townspeople asked Wang Shi of the neighboring prefecture to take charge in his stead. The priest, resenting the loss of his income, accused Wang of privately keeping forbidden bronze vessels — an offense punishable by penal servitude. The county magistrate, disliking Wang's character, reversed the charge against him and forwarded the completed case. Qi reviewed the case and found it to be a fabrication. Moreover, because Wang was a man of virtue, Qi could not bear to punish him; he asked his colleagues, and none could suggest a solution. Qi said, "The priest jointly requested Wang's appointment, so they are cohabiting parties; apply the principal charge and release both from guilt." His leniency, clarity, and sense of principle were all of this kind.
31
磁，名郡，刺史皆朝廷遴選，郡人以前政有聲如劉徽柔、程輝、高德裕皆不及也。 河北提刑司以治狀聞。 明昌三年，始議置諸王傅，頗難其選，乃以齊傅袞王。 王將至任郡，猛安迎接，齊峻卻之。 王怪問故，曰：「王國籓輔，猛安皆總戎職，于王何利焉，卻之以遠嫌也。」 王悅服。 王府家奴為不法，輒發還本猛安，終更無敢犯者。
Ci was a renowned commandery whose prefects were handpicked by the court; the people held that even celebrated predecessors such as Liu Huirou, Cheng Hui, and Gao Deyu did not match him. The Hebei Judicial Commission reported his record of governance to the court. In the third year of Mingchang (1192), when tutors for the imperial princes were first proposed, the choice proved difficult, and Qi was appointed tutor to Prince Gun. When the prince was about to reach his assigned prefecture, the meng'an commanders came out to welcome him; Qi sternly turned them away. The prince asked the reason in surprise. Qi replied, "Your Highness is a feudal pillar of the realm; the meng'an commanders all hold military posts — what advantage could their welcome bring you? I turned them away to keep suspicion at a distance." The prince was pleased and convinced. When princely household slaves broke the law, he sent them back to their home meng'an; after his term none dared offend again.
32
明年，授山東東、西路副統軍，兼同知益都府事。 有惠愛，郡人為之立碑。 轉彰化軍節度使。 六年，移利涉軍。 召見，勞尉有加。 詔留守上京。 承安二年，致仕，卒。 齊明法識治體，所至有聲，內族中與丞相承暉並稱雲。
The following year he was appointed Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Eastern and Western Shandong Circuits with concurrent post as Associate Prefect of Yidu. He governed with kindness and care, and the people of the commandery erected a stele in his honor. He was transferred to Military Commissioner of the Zhanghua Army. In the sixth year he was transferred to the Lishe Army command. Summoned to court, he received special commendation and rewards. An edict appointed him to remain and guard the Upper Capital. In the second year of Cheng'an (1197) he retired and died. Qi understood law and grasped the principles of governance; wherever he served he won renown; among the inner clan he was ranked alongside Chancellor Chenghui.
33
朮魯，宗室子。 從鄭王斡賽敗高麗於曷懶，取亞魯城，克甯江州，取黃龍府。 出河店之役、達魯古城之役、護步荅岡之役皆力戰有功。 東京降，為本路招安副使。 敗遼兵，破同刮營。 蘇州漢民叛走，朮魯追複之，以功為謀克。 天輔四年卒，年四十一。 皇統中，贈鎮國上將軍。
Pailu, a member of the imperial clan. He followed Prince Zheng Wosai in defeating Goryeo at Yalan, taking Yalu City, capturing Ningjiang Prefecture, and seizing Huanglong Prefecture. At the battles of Chuhedian, Dalugu City, and Hubudagang he fought fiercely and distinguished himself. When Dongjing (Liaoyang) surrendered, he was made Deputy Pacification Commissioner of that circuit. He defeated Liao troops and destroyed the Tonggua camp. When Han subjects of Suzhou rebelled and fled, Pailu pursued and recovered them and was made a meng'an commander for his service. He died in the fourth year of Tianfu (1120) at the age of forty-one. During the Huangtong era he was posthumously granted the title General Who Stabilizes the State.
34
胡石改
Hu Shigai
35
胡石改，宗室子也。 從太祖攻甯江，敗遼兵于達魯古城，破遼主親兵，皆有功。 遼軍來援濟州，胡石改與其兄實古乃以兵迎擊，敗之。 還攻濟州，中流矢，戰益力，克其城。 軍中稱其勇。 從攻春、泰州，降之，並降境內諸部族，其不降者皆攻拔之。 遼主西走，胡石改追至中京，獲其宮人、輜重凡八百兩。
Hu Shigai was a member of the imperial clan. He followed Emperor Taizu in the assault on Ningjiang, defeated Liao troops at Dalugu City, and routed the Liao emperor's personal guard, distinguishing himself in each engagement. When Liao troops came to relieve Jizhou, Hu Shigai and his elder brother Shigunai met them in battle and routed them. In the renewed assault on Jizhou he was struck by an arrow but fought all the harder and took the city. The army acclaimed his courage. He joined the assault on Chun and Taizhou, reduced both prefectures and the tribal groups within their borders, and stormed every holdout that refused to submit. When the Liao emperor fled west, Hu Shigai pursued to Zhongjing and captured palace women and baggage trains totaling eight hundred cartloads.
36
有思泥古者，複以本部叛去，胡石改以兵五百追及之，獲其親屬部人以還。 德州複叛，胡石改以兵五千克其城。 從婁室擊敗敵兵二萬於歸化之南，並降歸化。 從取居庸關，並燕之屬縣及其山谷諸屯。 移失部既降，複叛去，胡石改引兵追及，戰敗之，俘獲甚眾。 澤州諸部有逃者，皆追複之。 又敗叛人於臨潢，誅其酋領而安撫其人民。
When Sinigu rebelled again with his tribal group, Hu Shigai pursued with five hundred troops, overtook him, and brought back his kinsmen and followers. When Dezhou rebelled again, Hu Shigai retook the city with five thousand troops. Following Loushi he defeated twenty thousand enemy troops south of Guihua and reduced Guihua as well. He joined the capture of Juyong Pass and the subordinate counties of Yan along with their valley encampments. The Yishi tribe had submitted but rebelled again; Hu Shigai pursued, defeated them in battle, and took many captives. Among the tribal groups of Ze Prefecture there were fugitives; he pursued and recovered them all. He again defeated rebels at Linhuang, executed their chieftains, and pacified the populace.
37
天眷二年，遷永定軍節度使，改武定軍，徙汴京留守。 天德三年，授世襲猛安。 卒，年六十八。
In the second year of Tianjuan (1139) he was transferred to Military Commissioner of the Yongding Army, then the Wuding Army, and finally Defender of Bianjing. In the third year of Tiande (1145) he was granted a hereditary meng'an. He died at the age of sixty-eight.
38
宗賢，本名阿魯。 太祖伐遼，從攻甯江州、臨潢府。 太宗監國，選侍左右，甚見親信。 臨潢複叛，從宗望複取之。 為內庫都提點，再遷歸德軍節度使。 政寬簡，境內大治。 秩滿，士民數百人相率詣朝廷請留。 及改武定軍，百姓扶老攜幼送數十里，悲號而去。 改永定軍。 秉德廉訪官吏，士民持盆水與鏡，前拜言曰：「使君廉明清直類此，民實賴之。」 秉德曰：「吾聞郡僚廉能如一，汝等以為如何？」 眾對曰：「公勤清儉皆法則於使君耳。」 因謂宗賢曰：「人謂君善治，當在甲乙，果然賢使君也。」 用是超遷兩階。
Zong Xian, born Alu. When Emperor Taizu campaigned against Liao, he joined the assaults on Ningjiang and Linhuang prefectures. While Emperor Taizong supervised the realm as regent, Zong Xian was chosen to attend him and won his deep trust. When Linhuang rebelled again, he followed Zongwang in retaking the city. He was appointed Chief Intendant of the Inner Treasury and later transferred to Military Commissioner of the Guide Army. His governance was lenient and straightforward, and the region was brought to good order. When his term ended, several hundred local gentry and commoners went to court together to ask that he be kept in post. When he was transferred to the Wuding Army command, the people escorted him for miles, old and young together, weeping as they turned back. He was transferred to the Yongding Army command. When Bingde came to inspect officials for integrity, the people came forward with basins of water and mirrors, bowed, and said, "Our commissioner is as clear and upright as these — we truly depend on him." Bingde asked, "I have heard that the prefectural staff are all equally upright and capable — what do you think?" They replied, "Their diligence, integrity, and thrift all follow your commissioner's example." He then told Zong Xian, "People say you govern well and should rank among the best — you are indeed a worthy commissioner." For this he was promoted two ranks beyond the norm.
39
天德初，授世襲謀克，馳驛召之。 雄州父老相率張青繩懸明鏡於公署，老幼填門，三日乃得去。 封定國公，再除忠順軍節度使，賜以玉帶。 捕盜司執數人至府，宗賢問曰：「罪狀明白否？」 對曰：「獄具矣。」 宗賢閱其案，謂僚佐曰：「吾察此輩必冤。」 不數日，賊果得，人服其明。 改曷懶路兵馬都總管，曆廣甯尹，封廣平郡王。 改崇義軍節度使，兼領北京宗室事。 正隆例奪王爵，加金紫光祿大夫，改臨海軍。 大定初，遣使召之。 宗賢率諸宗室見於遼陽，除同簽大宗正事，封景國公，致仕。 起為婆速路兵馬都總管，複致仕。 卒。
At the opening of the Tiande era he was granted a hereditary meng'an command and summoned to court by express relay. The elders of Xiong Prefecture hung bright mirrors from blue cords at his yamen; young and old packed the gates, and he could not leave for three days. He was enfeoffed as Duke of Ding, appointed Military Commissioner of the Zhongshun Army, and granted a jade belt. When the Office for Capturing Bandits brought several suspects to his yamen, Zong Xian asked, "Are the charges clear?" They replied, "The case is closed." Zong Xian reviewed the dossiers and told his staff, "These men must have been wronged." Within days the real culprits were captured, and the people admired his discernment. He was made Commander-in-Chief of the Yalan Circuit forces, served as Prefect of Guangning, and was enfeoffed as Prince of Guangping. He was transferred to Military Commissioner of the Chongyi Army with concurrent charge of imperial clan affairs in the Northern Capital. Under the Zhenglong regulation his princely title was stripped; he was granted Grand Master of Splendid Happiness with Golden Seal and Blue Ribbon and transferred to the Linhai Army. At the opening of the Dading era envoys were sent to summon him to court. Zong Xian led the imperial clansmen to present themselves at Liaoyang, was appointed Associate Director of the Bureau of Imperial Clan Affairs, enfeoffed as Duke of Jing, and retired. He was recalled as Commander-in-Chief of the Basu Circuit forces and retired a second time. He died.
40
特進撻懶，宗室子。 年十六，事太祖，未嘗去左右。 出河店之役，太祖欲親戰，撻懶控其馬而止之曰：「主君何為輕敵。 臣請效力。」 即挺槍前，手殺七人。 已而槍折，騎士曳而下者九人。 太祖壯之曰：「誠得此輩數十，雖萬眾不能當也。」 及戰于達魯古城，遼兵一千陣于營外，太祖遣撻懶往擊之。 撻懶沖出敵陣，大敗其眾。 攻臨潢府、春、泰州、中、西二京，皆有功。 天輔六年，授謀克。
Talan, holder of Special Advancement and a member of the imperial clan. At sixteen he entered Emperor Taizu's service and never left his side. At the battle of Chuhedian, when Emperor Taizu wished to fight in person, Talan seized his horse and said, "My lord, why expose yourself to the enemy? Let your servant take the field." He levelled his spear and charged, killing seven men with his own hand. When his spear broke, he dragged nine horsemen from their saddles. Emperor Taizu exclaimed, "With several dozen men like this, even ten thousand could not stand against us." At the battle of Dalugu City, when a thousand Liao troops drew up outside the camp, Emperor Taizu sent Talan to attack them. Talan charged through the enemy line and routed them completely. He distinguished himself in the captures of Linhuang, Chun and Taizhou, and the Central and Western capitals. In the sixth year of Tianfu (1122) he was granted a meng'an command.
41
天會四年，從伐宋，屢以功受賞。 明年，再舉至汴。 宗望聞宋人會諸路援兵于睢陽，遣撻懶與阿里刮將兵二千往拒之。 敗其前鋒軍三萬於杞縣，又破三寨，擒宋京東路都總管胡直孺、南路都統制隋師元及其三將並直孺二子，遂取拱州，降寧陵。 複破二萬于睢陽，進取亳州。 聞宋兵十萬且至，會宗望益兵四千，合擊，大敗之。 其卒二千，陣而立，馳之不動，即麾軍去馬擊之，盡殪，擒其將石瑱而還。 帥府嘉其功，賞賚優渥。 睿宗駐兵熙州，分遣諸將略地。 撻懶以軍五百入六盤山十六寨，降其官八十餘，民戶四千，獲馬二千疋。
In the fourth year of Tianhui (1126) he joined the campaign against Song and was repeatedly rewarded for his service. The following year the armies advanced again to Bian (Kaifeng). Hearing that the Song were gathering relief armies from all routes at Suiyang, Zongwang sent Talan and Aligua with two thousand troops to block them. He routed a Song vanguard of thirty thousand at Qi County, stormed three stockades, captured the Eastern Route Commander-in-Chief Hu Zhiru, the Southern Route Commander Sui Shiyuan and three of his generals along with Zhiru's two sons, then took Gongzhou and accepted the surrender of Ningling. He routed another twenty thousand at Suiyang and advanced to take Bozhou. When word came that a hundred thousand Song troops were approaching, he joined Zongwang's four-thousand-man reinforcement and together inflicted a crushing defeat. Two thousand Song soldiers stood firm in formation and did not break when charged; Talan ordered his men to dismount and attack on foot, slaughtered them all, captured their general Shi Zhen, and returned. The field headquarters praised his achievement and rewarded him generously. Prince Ruizong stationed troops at Xi Prefecture and dispatched his generals to seize territory. Talan led five hundred men into sixteen stockades on Mount Liupan, securing the submission of more than eighty officials and four thousand households and capturing two thousand horses.
42
皇統中，累加銀青光祿大夫。 天德初，加特進，授世襲猛安。 卒，年六十五。 海陵遷諸陵於大房山，以撻懶嘗給事太祖，命作石像，置睿陵前。
During the Huangtong era he was repeatedly promoted to Grand Master of Splendid Happiness with Silver Seal. At the opening of the Tiande era he was granted Special Advancement and a hereditary meng'an. He died at the age of sixty-five. When Hailing moved the imperial tombs to Mount Dafang, he ordered a stone image of Talan — who had once served Emperor Taizu in person — placed before Prince Ruizong's tomb.
43
章宗即位，坐與御史大夫唐括貢為壽，犯夜禁，奪官一階，罷。 明昌元年，起為同知棣州防禦使事，上書曆詆宰執。 帝以小臣敢譏訕宰輔，杖八十，削一官，罷之，發還本猛安。
When Emperor Zhangzong took the throne, Bian was demoted one rank and dismissed for celebrating a birthday with Censor-in-Chief Tangutuo Gong in violation of the night curfew. In the first year of Mingchang (1190) he was recalled as Associate Defense Commissioner of Di Prefecture and submitted a memorial denouncing the chief ministers one by one. The emperor had him beaten eighty strokes, stripped of one rank, and dismissed for daring as a minor official to ridicule the chief ministers, then sent him back to his home meng'an.
44
明年，隆授同知宣德州事。 召授武衛軍副都指揮使，四遷知大興府事，轉左右宣徽使。 承安二年，拜尚書右丞，出為泰定軍節度使，移知濟南府。 卒。
The following year he received a ceremonial appointment as Associate Prefect of Xuande. Recalled to court, he was appointed Deputy Commander of the Martial Guard Army, promoted four times to Prefect of Daxing, and made Commissioner of the Left and Right Palaces. In the second year of Cheng'an (1197) he was appointed Right Vice Director of the Department of State Affairs, sent out as Military Commissioner of the Taiding Army, and transferred to Prefect of Jinan. He died.
45
弈為人貪鄙，數以贓敗，帝愛其能治圍場，故進而委信之。
Yi was greedy and base, and was repeatedly implicated in corruption; the emperor valued his skill in managing the hunting parks and therefore continued to promote and trust him.
46
阿喜，宗室子，好學問。 襲父北京路筈柏山猛安，聽訟明決，人信而愛之。 察廉能，除彰國軍節度副使，改上京留守判官。 提刑司奏彰國軍治狀，遷同知速頻路節度事，改歸德軍，曆海、邳二州刺史，皆兼總押軍馬。
A Xi, a member of the imperial clan, was fond of learning. He inherited his father's meng'an at Gaboshan on the Northern Capital circuit; his judgments were clear and decisive, and the people trusted and loved him. Recognized for integrity and ability, he was appointed Deputy Military Commissioner of the Zhangguo Army and then Associate Defender of the Upper Capital. When the Judicial Commission reported his record in the Zhangguo Army command, he was promoted to Associate Commissioner of the Supin Circuit, transferred to the Guide Army, and served as Prefect of Hai and Pi prefectures, each with concurrent command of troops and horses.
47
宋統領劉文謙以兵犯宿遷，阿喜逆擊，破之。 複破戚春、夏興國舟兵萬餘人，斬夏興國於陣。 遷鎮國上將軍，再賜銀幣，為元帥左監軍紇石列執中前鋒。 渡淮，破寶應、天長二縣。 師還，遷同知歸德府事，改泗州防禦使。 丁母憂，起複。 大安二年，改華州防禦使，遷鎮南軍節度使。 貞祐二年，改知大名府，充馬軍都提控，曆橫海、安化軍節度使，充宣差山東路左翼都提控。 尋知濟南府事，徙沁南軍節度使，遷河南統軍使，兼昌武軍節度使，卒。
When the Song commander Liu Wenqian attacked Suqian, A Xi met him in counterattack and routed his force. He again defeated the riverine forces of Qi Chun and Xia Xingguo, more than ten thousand strong, and slew Xia Xingguo in battle. Promoted to General Who Stabilizes the State and again granted silver and coins, he served as vanguard for the Left Army Supervisor Heshilie Zhizhong under the commander-in-chief. Crossing the Huai River, he captured Bao'ying and Tianchang counties. After the campaign he was made Associate Prefect of Guide Prefecture and then Defense Commissioner of Si Prefecture. After mourning his mother's death he was recalled to office. In the second year of Da'an (1210) he was made Defense Commissioner of Hua Prefecture and promoted to Military Commissioner of the Zhennan Army. In the second year of Zhenyou (1214) he was made Prefect of Daming and Overall Commander of the Cavalry Army, served as Military Commissioner of the Henghai and Anhua armies, and was appointed Imperial Commissioner and Overall Commander of the Left Wing of the Shandong Eastern Circuit. Soon afterward he was made Prefect of Jinan, transferred to Military Commissioner of the Qinnan Army, then Commander-in-Chief of Henan with concurrent post as Military Commissioner of the Changwu Army, and died in office.
48
贊曰：金諸宗室，自始祖至康宗凡八世。 獻祖徙居海姑水納葛里村，再徙安出虎水。 世祖稱海姑兄弟，蓋指其所居也。 完顏十二部，皆以部為氏，宣宗詔宗室皆書姓氏，然亦有部人以部為氏，非宗室同姓者，遂不可辨矣。
The appraiser writes: Among the Jin imperial clan, from the Founding Ancestor to Emperor Kangzong there were eight generations in all. Ancestor Xian moved to Nageli Village on the Haigu River and later relocated to the Anchuhu River. Emperor Shizu was called a "brother of Haigu" — a reference to where the clan had settled. The twelve Wanyan tribes had all taken their tribal name as a surname; Emperor Xuanzong ordered the imperial clan to record surnames in writing, yet ordinary tribesmen also used tribal names as surnames without sharing the imperial clan's lineage — and the two could no longer be told apart.