1
列傳第五○石顯桓赧弟散達烏春溫敦蒲刺 (附) 臘醅弟麻產鈍恩留可阿疏奚王回離保
Biographies 5: Shi Xian; Huanhan and his younger brother Sandá; Wuchun; Wendun Puci (Appended biographies) Lapei's younger brother Machan; Dun'en; Liuke; A Shu; Xiwang Huilibao
2
石顯，孩懶水烏林荅部人。 昭祖以條教約束諸部，石顯陸梁不可制。 及昭祖沒于逼刺紀村，部人以柩歸，至孩懶水，石顯與完顏部窩忽窩出邀于路，攻而奪之柩，揚言曰：「汝輩以石魯為能而推尊之，吾今得之矣。」 昭祖之徒告于蒲馬太彎，與馬紀嶺劾保村完顏部蒙葛巴土等募軍追及之，與戰，複得柩。 眾推景祖為諸部長，白山、耶悔、統門、耶懶、土骨論、五國皆從服。
Shi Xian was of the Wulinzha tribe on the Hailan River. Zhaozu sought to bind the tribes with law and custom, yet Shi Xian remained defiant and beyond control. When Zhaozu died at Biciji village and his people were escorting the coffin home, Shi Xian and Wohuwochu of the Wanyan clan ambushed them at the Hailan River, seized the bier by force, and cried out: "You made Shilu your leader for his prowess—I have him now." Zhaozu's followers appealed to Pumataiwan, who with Menggebatu of the Wanyan clan at Hebao village on Majiling and others mustered a force, overtook the raiders, fought them, and won the coffin back. The clans then acclaimed Jingzu as head of the tribes, and Baishan, Yehui, Tongmen, Yelang, Tugulun, and the Five States all came under his authority.
3
及遼使曷魯林牙來索逋人，石顯皆拒阻不聽命，景祖攻之，不能克。 景祖自度不可以力取，遂以詭計取之。 乃以石顯阻絕海東路請於遼，遼帝使人讓之曰：「汝何敢阻絕鷹路？ 審無他意，遣其酋長來。」 石顯使其長子婆諸刊入朝，曰：「不敢違大國之命。」 遼人厚賜遣還，謂婆諸刊曰：「汝父信無他，宜身自入朝。」 石顯信之，明年入見於春搜，婆諸刊從。 遼主謂石顯曰：「罪惟在汝，不在汝子。」 乃命婆諸刊還，而流石顯於邊地。 蓋景祖以計除石顯而欲撫有其子與部人也。
When Liao envoys under Helu Linya came to demand fugitives, Shi Xian barred their way and refused all orders. Jingzu attacked him but could not break his resistance. Jingzu saw that force alone would not prevail and set about removing him by guile. He laid the matter before the Liao court, charging that Shi Xian was cutting off the Eastern Sea route. The Liao emperor sent envoys to rebuke him: "How dare you obstruct the hawk road? If you truly mean no treachery, send your tribal chief to court." Shi Xian sent his eldest son Pojukan to the Liao court with the message: "I would not defy the great state's command." The Liao lavished gifts upon him and sent him home, saying to Pojukan: "Your father appears loyal; let him come to court himself." Shi Xian took them at their word. The following year he attended the spring hunt, Pojukan at his side. The Liao emperor told Shi Xian: "The fault is yours alone, not your son's." He sent Pojukan back to his people and exiled Shi Xian to the borderlands. Thus Jingzu had removed Shi Xian by stratagem while seeking to win over his son and his tribe.
4
婆諸刊蓄怨未發，會活刺渾水紇石烈部臘醅、麻產起兵，婆諸刊往從之。 及敗于暮棱水，麻產先遁去，婆諸刊與臘醅就擒，及其黨與，皆獻之遼主。 久之，世祖複使人言曰：「婆諸刊不還，則其部人自知罪重，因此恐懼，不肯歸服。」 遼主以為然，遂遣婆諸刊及前後所獻罪人皆還之。
Pojukan harbored a grudge not yet acted upon. When Lapei and Machan of the Heshilie tribe on the Huocihun River took up arms, he went to join them. Defeated at the Muleng River, Machan fled ahead of the rest. Pojukan and Lapei were taken, and they and their followers were all delivered to the Liao emperor. Long afterward Shizu sent envoys again, saying: "Unless Pojukan is returned, his tribesmen will know their guilt is grave and, in their fear, will refuse to submit." The Liao emperor agreed and sent back Pojukan together with all the prisoners who had been surrendered before and since.
5
桓赧弟散達
Huanhan and his younger brother Sandá
6
桓赧、散達兄弟者，國相雅達之子也。 居完顏部邑屯村。 雅達稱國相，不知其所從來。 景祖嘗以幣與馬求國相于雅達，雅達許之。 景祖得之，以命肅宗，其後撒改亦居是官焉。
Huanhan and Sandá were sons of Yada, who held the office of state minister. They lived at Yitun village in Wanyan territory. Yada bore the title of state minister, but his origins are not recorded. Jingzu once sent gifts and horses to obtain the office of state minister from Yada, and Yada consented. Jingzu secured the post and gave it to Suzong; later Sagai would hold the same office.
7
桓赧兄弟嘗事景祖。 世祖初，季父跋黑有異志，陰誘桓赧欲與為亂。 昭肅皇后往邑屯村，世祖、肅宗皆從行，遇桓赧、散達各被酒，言語紛爭，遂相毆擊，舉刃相向。 昭肅皇后親解之，乃止，自是謀益甚。
The brothers Huanhan had once served under Jingzu. Early in Shizu's reign his uncle Bahei nursed rebellious designs and secretly urged Huanhan to rise with him. Empress Zhaosu visited Yitun village with Shizu and Suzong in attendance. They met Huanhan and Sandá, both in their cups; argument led to blows, and blades were drawn. Empress Zhaosu herself parted them, and the affray ended—but from that day their conspiracy deepened.
8
是時烏春、窩謀罕亦與跋黑相結，詭以烏不屯賣甲為兵端，世祖不得已而與之和。 間數年，烏春以其眾涉活論、來流二水，世祖親往拒之。 桓赧、散達遂起兵。
Wuchun and Womouhan had also thrown in with Bahei. They seized on Wubutun's sale of armor as a pretext for war, and Shizu, left no alternative, made peace with them. Some years later Wuchun marched his forces across the Huolun and Lailiu rivers, and Shizu went out in person to meet him. Huanhan and Sandá then took up arms.
9
肅宗以偏師拒桓赧、散達。 世祖畏其合勢也，戒之曰：「可和則和，否則戰。」 至斡魯紺出水，既陣成列，肅宗使盆德勃堇議和。 桓赧亦恃烏春之在北也，無和意。 盆德報肅宗曰：「敵欲戰。」 或曰：「戰地迫近村墟，雖勝不能盡敵，宜退軍誘之寬地。」 肅宗惑之，乃令軍少卻，未能成列。 桓赧、散達乘之，肅宗敗焉。 桓赧乘勝，大肆鈔略。 是役也，烏春以久雨不能前，乃罷兵。
Suzong led a secondary force against Huanhan and Sandá. Shizu feared a junction of enemy forces and instructed him: "Treat for peace if you can; otherwise give battle." At the Wuluguan River, with the armies drawn up, Suzong sent the tribal chief Pende to sue for peace. Huanhan, counting on Wuchun's advance from the north, would not hear of peace. Pende reported to Suzong: "The enemy is bent on battle." Someone urged: "The field lies too near the settlements—even victory will not let us annihilate them. Withdraw and lure them onto open ground." Suzong was persuaded and ordered a slight retreat, and the ranks broke apart. Huanhan and Sandá pressed the advantage, and Suzong was routed. Huanhan drove his victory home with widespread pillage. In that same campaign Wuchun, halted by unending rain, broke off and withdrew his army.
10
世祖聞肅宗敗，乃自將，經舍很、貼割兩水取桓赧、散達之家、桓赧、散達不知也。 世祖焚其所居，殺略百許人而還。 未至軍，肅宗之軍又敗。 世祖至，責讓肅宗失利之狀，使歡都、冶訶以本部七謀克助之，複遣人議和。 桓赧、散達欲得盈歌之大赤馬、辭不失之紫騮馬，世祖不許，遂與不術魯部卜灰、蒲察部撒骨出及混同江左右匹古敦水北諸部兵皆會，厚集為陣，嗚鼓作氣馳騁。 桓赧恃其眾，有必勝之心，下令曰：「今天門開矣，悉以爾車自隨。 凡烏古乃夫婦寶貨財產恣爾取之，有不從者俘略之而去。」 於是婆多吐水裴滿部斡不勃堇附于世祖，桓赧等縱火焚之。 斡不死，世祖厚撫其家，既定桓赧，以舊地還之。
Hearing of Suzong's defeat, Shizu took the field in person, marched by way of the Shehen and Tiege rivers, and fell upon the homes of Huanhan and Sandá before they knew what was happening. He burned their settlements, killed and plundered a hundred or more, and turned back. Before he could rejoin the main force, Suzong's army was beaten again. Shizu came up, reproached Suzong for his losses, and sent Huandu and Yehe with seven commanderies of their tribe to reinforce him, while once more dispatching envoys to treat for peace. Huanhan and Sandá demanded Yingge's great chestnut stallion and Cibushi's purple bay; Shizu refused. They then rallied Buhui of the Bushilu tribe, Saguchu of the Pucha tribe, and every clan north of the Pigudun on both sides of the Hun Tong, drew up a dense battle line, beat the drums, and charged with raised spears. Confident in his numbers, Huanhan was sure of victory and proclaimed: "Heaven's gate stands open—bring every cart you own. Help yourselves to the goods and chattels of every Wugunai household; anyone who resists, take captive and be gone." Wobu, chief of the Piman clan on the Botuoshui, had sided with Shizu; Huanhan and his allies burned him alive. Wobu survived. Shizu treated his family with great generosity and, once Huanhan was subdued, restored their former lands.
11
桓赧軍複來，蒲察部沙祗勃堇、胡補荅勃堇使阿喜間道來告，且問曰：「寇將至，吾屬何以待之？」 世祖複命曰：「事至此，不及謀矣。 以眾從之，自救可也，惟以旗幟自別耳。」 每有兵至，則輒遣阿喜穿林潛來，令與畢察往還大道，即故潛往來林中路也。 桓赧至北隘甸，世祖將出兵，聞跋黑食于馳滿村死矣。 乃沿安術虎水行，且欲並取海故術烈速勃堇之眾而後戰。 覘者來報曰：「敵至矣。」 世祖戒辭不失整軍速進，使待於脫豁改原。 當是時，桓赧兵眾，世祖兵少，眾寡不敵。 比世祖至軍，士氣恤甚。 世祖心知之而不敢言，但令解甲少憩，以水洗面，飲鮮水。 頃之，士氣稍蘇息。 是時，肅宗求救於遼，不在軍中。 將戰，世祖屏人獨與穆宗私語，兵敗，則就與肅宗乞師以報仇。 仍令穆宗勿預戰事，介馬以觀勝負，先圖去就。 乃袒袖韔弓服矢，以縕袍下幅護前後心，三揚旗，三撾鼓，棄旗提劍，身為軍鋒，盡銳搏戰。 桓赧步軍以幹盾進，世祖之眾以長槍擊之，步軍大敗。 辭不失從後奮擊之，桓赧之騎兵亦敗。 世祖乘勝逐北，破多退水水為之赤。 世祖止軍勿追，盡獲所棄車甲馬牛軍實，以戰勝告於天地，頒所獲於將士，各以功為差。
Huanhan's army returned. Shazhi and Hubuda, tribal chiefs of the Pucha clan, sent Axi by a secret route to warn Shizu and to ask: "The enemy is near—what are we to do?" Shizu replied: "Matters have gone too far for deliberation. March with your full strength and you may yet save yourselves—only mark yourselves clearly by your banners." Whenever enemy troops drew near, he sent Axi stealing through the forest—the same hidden woodland path by which he and Bicha had long passed messages along the main road. As Huanhan reached Beiaidian, Shizu was preparing to march when word came that Bahei had died at dinner in Chiman village. He marched along the Anshuhu River, planning first to win over the troops of Haigu, the Sulie tribal chief, before giving battle. Scouts reported: "The enemy is upon us." He ordered Cibushi to hold his ranks together and press forward at speed, and to await him on the Tuohuogai plain. Huanhan's host far outnumbered Shizu's; the odds were hopeless. When Shizu reached the camp, the soldiers' spirits were utterly broken. Shizu saw it plainly but said nothing; he merely ordered the men to doff their armor, rest awhile, wash their faces, and drink fresh water. Before long their spirits rallied a little. Suzong was away seeking help from the Liao court and was not with the army. On the eve of battle Shizu sent everyone away and spoke privately with Muzong: if the day went against them, he would join Suzong and beg Liao troops for vengeance. He told Muzong to keep out of the fighting, mount a spare horse, watch how the battle turned, and be ready to flee. He stripped to the arms, slung bow and quiver, bound the skirt of his padded coat across chest and back, thrice raised the standard and thrice struck the drum, then cast aside the banner, seized his sword, took the van himself, and threw every man into the fight. Huanhan's foot soldiers came forward behind wicker shields; Shizu's men drove them back with long spears and broke the infantry completely. Cibushi fell upon them from the rear with a furious charge, and Huanhan's horsemen were routed as well. Shizu pressed the pursuit, and at the Poduotui River the waters ran red. He halted the pursuit, gathered every abandoned cart, weapon, horse, and store, offered thanks for victory to Heaven and Earth, and divided the spoils among his officers and men according to their deeds.
12
未幾，桓赧、散達俱以其屬來降。 卜灰猶保撒阿辣村，招之不出。 撒骨出據阿魯紺出村，世祖遣人與之議和，撒骨出謾言為戲，答之曰：「我本欲和，壯士巴的懣不肯和，泣而謂我曰：'若果與和，則美衣肥羊不可複得。 '是以不敢從命。」 遂縱兵俘略鄰近村墅。 有人從道傍射之，中口死。
Before long Huanhan and Sandá arrived with their followers to surrender. Buhui still held Saala village and would not come out though summoned. Saguchu held Aluchu village. Shizu sent envoys to treat for peace, but Saguchu answered in mockery: "I was ready to make peace, but the warrior Bade's Man refused. Weeping, he told me: 'If we truly sue for peace, there will be no more fine robes and fat sheep. That is why I dare not accept your terms." He then let his soldiers loose to raid the neighboring settlements. A man shot him from the wayside; the arrow struck his mouth and killed him.
13
卜灰之屬曰石魯，石魯之母嫁丁馳滿部達魯罕勃堇而為之妾。 達魯罕與族兄弟抹腮引勃堇俱事世祖，世祖欲間石魯于卜灰，謂達魯罕曰：「汝之事我，不如抹腮引之堅固也。」 蓋謂石魯母子一彼焉，一此焉，以此撼石魯。 石魯聞之，遂殺卜灰而降。
Among Buhui's followers was a man named Shilu, whose mother had married Daluhan, tribal chief of the Dingchiman clan, and become his concubine. Daluhan and his kinsman Mosaiyin, a tribal chief, both served Shizu. Wishing to drive a wedge between Shilu and Buhui, Shizu told Daluhan: "Your loyalty to me is not so firm as Mosaiyin's." He meant that mother and son stood on opposite sides, and by this he hoped to unsettle Shilu. Hearing this, Shilu killed Buhui and came over to Shizu.
14
石魯通于卜灰之妾，常懼得罪，及聞世祖言，惑之，使告于達魯罕曰：「將殺卜灰而來，汝待我于江。」 伺卜灰睡熟，剚刃於胸而殺之。 追者急，白日露鼻匿水中，逮夜，至江，方遊以濟。 達魯罕使人待之，乃得免。 久之，醉酒，而與達魯罕狠爭，達魯罕殺之。
Shilu had been intimate with Buhui's concubine and lived in fear of discovery. Shizu's words unsettled him, and he sent word to Daluhan: "I mean to kill Buhui and come to you—wait for me at the river." He waited until Buhui slept, then drove a blade into his chest and killed him. Pursuers pressed close; by day he hid in the water with only his nose above the surface, and at night reached the river and swam across. Daluhan had posted men to receive him, and he escaped. Long afterward, in his cups, he quarreled bitterly with Daluhan, and Daluhan killed him.
15
烏春，阿跋斯水溫都部人，以鍛鐵為業。 因歲歉，策杖負簷與其族屬來歸。 景祖與之處，以本業自給。 既而知其果敢善斷，命為本部長，仍遣族人盆德送歸舊部。 盆德，烏春之甥也。
Wuchun was of the Wendu tribe on the Abasi River and earned his living as a smith. When famine struck, he took staff and pack and came in with his clansmen to submit. Jingzu took him in and let him live by his craft. Learning that he was bold and decisive, Jingzu made him chief of his own division and sent his clansman Pende to escort him home to his former tribe. Pende was Wuchun's nephew.
16
世祖初嗣節度使，叔父跋黑陰懷覬覦，間誘桓赧、散達兄弟及烏春、窩謀罕等。 烏春以跋黑居肘腋為變，信之，由是頗貳于世祖，而虐用其部人。 部人訴于世祖，世祖使人讓之曰：「吾父信任汝，以汝為部長。 今人告汝有實狀，殺無罪人，聽訟不平，自今不得複爾為也。」 烏春曰：「吾與汝父等輩舊人，汝為長能幾日，于汝何事。 世祖內畏跋黑，恐郡朋為變，故曲意懷撫，而欲以婚姻結其歡心。 使與約婚，烏春不欲，笑曰：「狗彘之子同處，豈能生育。 胡裏改與女直豈可為親也。」 烏春欲發兵，而世祖待之如初，無以為端。
When Shizu first inherited the military commissionership, his uncle Bahei secretly coveted the post and worked to win over Huanhan, Sandá, Wuchun, Womouhan, and others. Wuchun, with Bahei so near and ready to make trouble, put faith in him, grew disloyal toward Shizu, and began to tyrannize over his tribesmen. His tribesmen appealed to Shizu, who sent envoys to rebuke him: "My father trusted you and made you tribal chief. Men now bring proven charges against you—killing the innocent and judging unfairly. You must not do such things again." Wuchun replied: "I am an old companion of your father's generation. How long have you been chief? What is it to you? Shizu feared Bahei within and dreaded a general rising among the tribal chiefs; he therefore treated Wuchun with studied kindness and sought to win him through a marriage alliance. Shizu proposed a marriage tie; Wuchun refused and laughed. "When the sons of dogs and swine share one roof," he said, "can they truly bear young? How could a man of Huligai become kin to Jurchens?" Wuchun meant to take up arms, yet Shizu continued to treat him as always and offered no pretext.
17
加古部烏不屯，亦鐵工也，以被甲九十來售。 烏春聞之，使人來讓曰：「甲，吾甲也。 來流水以南、匹古敦水以北，皆吾土也。 何故輒取吾甲，其亟以歸我。」 世祖曰：「彼以甲來市，吾與直而售之。」 烏春曰：「汝不肯與我甲而為和解，則使汝叔之子斜葛及廝勒來。」 斜葛蓋跋黑之子也。 世祖度其意非真肯議和者，將以有為也，不欲遣。 眾固請曰：「不遣則必用兵。」 不得已，遣之。 謂廝勒曰：「斜葛無害。 彼且執汝矣，半途辭疾勿往。」 既行，廝勒曰：「我疾作，將止不往。」 斜葛曰：「吾亦不能獨往矣。」 同行者強之使行。 既見烏春，烏春與斜葛厚為禮，而果執廝勒，曰：得甲則生，否則殺汝。」 世祖與其甲，廝勒乃得歸。 烏春自此益無所憚。
Wubutun of the Jiagu clan, likewise a smith, brought ninety suits of armor to sell. Wuchun heard of it and sent men to protest: "That armor is mine. Everything south of the Lailiu and north of the Pigudun is my land. Why do you seize my armor? Send it back at once." Shizu replied: "He came to sell the armor. I paid a fair price and bought it lawfully." Wuchun said: "If you refuse the armor but still want peace, send your uncle's son Xiege and Sile." Xiege was Bahei's son. Shizu saw that Wuchun did not truly mean peace and intended mischief; he was reluctant to send them. His men pressed him: "Refuse, and he will certainly make war." Left no choice, he sent them. He told Sile: "Xiege will not be harmed. But they mean to seize you. Plead illness on the road and turn back." On the march Sile said: "My sickness has flared; I will go no farther." Xiege said: "I cannot go on alone either." Those with them forced the two to continue. When they came before Wuchun, he showed Xiege every courtesy, then seized Sile and said: Return the armor and live; refuse and die." Shizu yielded the armor, and Sile was released. After this Wuchun grew bolder still.
18
後數年，烏春舉兵來戰，道斜寸嶺，涉活論、來流水，舍於術虎部阿裏矮村滓布乃勃堇家。 是時十月中，大雨累晝夜不止，冰澌覆地，烏春不能進，乃引去。 於是桓赧、散達亦舉兵。 世祖自拒烏春，而使肅宗拒桓赧。 巳而烏春遇雨歸，叔父跋黑亦死，故世祖得並力於桓赧、散達，一戰而遂敗之。
Years later Wuchun marched to war by the Xiecun ridge, crossed the Huolun and Lailiu rivers, and quartered at the house of Zibunai, chief of Ali'ai village in the Shuhu clan. It was mid-autumn. Rain fell for days and nights without pause; ice slush glazed the ground. Wuchun could not advance and drew off. Then Huanhan and Sandá took up arms as well. Shizu met Wuchun in person and sent Suzong against Huanhan. Soon Wuchun turned back in the rain, and his uncle Bahei died as well. Shizu could then concentrate against Huanhan and Sandá and rout them in a single battle.
19
斡勒部人杯乃，舊事景祖，至是亦有他志，徙于南畢懇忒村，遂以縱火誣歡都，欲因此除去之，語在《歡都傳》中。 世祖獲杯乃，釋其罪，杯乃終不自安，徙居吐窟村，與烏春、窩謀罕結約。 烏春舉兵度嶺，世祖駐軍屋辟村以待之。 進至蘇素海甸，兩軍皆陣，將戰，世祖不親戰，命肅宗以左軍戰，斜列、辭不失助之，征異夢也。 肅宗束縕縱火，大風從後起，火熾烈，時八月，野草尚青，火盡燎，煙焰張天。 烏春軍在下風，肅宗自上風擊之，烏春大敗，複獲杯乃，獻於遼，而城蘇素海甸以據之。
Beinai of the Wole clan had once served Jingzu; he too now turned disloyal, settled at South Bijikente village, and tried to destroy Huandu by framing him for arson—the full account is in Huandu's biography. Shizu took Beinai prisoner, then pardoned him, but Beinai could not rest easy. He removed to Tuku village and allied with Wuchun and Womouhan. Wuchun marched over the ridge with an army; Shizu waited at Wupi village. At the Susuhai moor both hosts formed for battle. Shizu did not fight in person but ordered Suzong to lead the left wing, with Xielie and Cibushi to support him—fulfilling a strange dream of conquest. Suzong bound straw into torches and set them alight. A strong wind rose at his back; though it was still the green of August, the blaze ran through the grass until smoke and flame filled the sky. Wuchun's host stood downwind. Suzong attacked from above; Wuchun was routed. Beinai was taken again and sent to the Liao court, and Shizu walled the Susuhai moor to hold it.
20
紇石烈臘醅、麻產與世祖戰于野鵲水。 世祖中四創，軍敗。 臘醅使舊賊禿罕等過青嶺，見烏春，賂諸部與之交結。 臘醅、麻產求助於烏春，烏春以姑裏甸兵百十七人助之。 世祖擒臘醅獻於遼主，並言烏春助兵之狀，仍以不修鷹道罪之。 遼主使人至烏春問狀，烏春懼，乃為讕言以告曰：「未嘗與臘醅為助也。 德鄰石之北，姑裏甸之民，所管不及此。」
Lapei and Machan of the Heshilie clan met Shizu in battle at Yaque River. Shizu took four wounds and his army was beaten. Lapei sent the old bandit Tuohan and others across Qingling to Wuchun, buying alliances among the tribes. Lapei and Machan sought Wuchun's aid; he sent one hundred seventeen men from Guli district. Shizu seized Lapei and sent him to the Liao emperor, reporting Wuchun's aid as well and charging Wuchun with failing to maintain the hawk tribute road. The Liao emperor sent envoys to question Wuchun. In fear he lied: "I never aided Lapei. North of Delin stone—the folk of Guli are beyond what I rule."
21
臘醅既敗，世祖盡得烏春姑裏甸助兵一百十七人，而使其卒長斡善、斡脫往招其眾，繼遣斜缽勃堇撫定之。 斜缽不能訓齊其人，蒲察部故石、跋石等誘三百餘人入城，盡陷之。 世祖治鷹道還，斜列來告，世祖使歡都為都統，破烏春、窩謀罕於斜堆，故石、跋石皆就擒。 世祖自將過烏紀嶺，至窩謀海村，胡論加古部勝昆勃堇居，烏延部富者郭赧請分一軍由所部伐烏春，蓋以所部與烏春近，欲以自蔽故也。 乃使斜列、躍盤以支軍道其所居，世祖自將大軍與歡都合。 至阿不塞水，嶺東諸部皆會，石土門亦以所部兵來。
When Lapei fell, Shizu took all one hundred seventeen of Wuchun's Guli auxiliaries, sent squad leaders Woshan and Wotuo to rally the people, and then dispatched Xiebo, tribal chief, to settle them. Xiebo could not hold them in discipline. Gushi and Bashi of the Pucha clan lured more than three hundred into the town and wiped them out. Shizu was returning from the hawk road when Xielie brought word. He made Huandu commander-in-chief, broke Wuchun and Womouhan at Xiedui, and took Gushi and Bashi prisoner. Shizu crossed Wuji ridge in person to Womouhai village, home of Shengkun, chief of the Hulun Jiagu clan. Guonán, a man of wealth in the Wuyan tribe, asked to lead a separate column through his lands against Wuchun, since his people neighbored Wuchun's and he wished to shield himself. He sent Xielie and Yuepan with a detachment by way of Guonán's country, while he marched the main host to join Huandu. At the Abusai River every tribe east of the ridge gathered, and Shitu Men came with his warriors as well.
22
是時，烏春前死，窩謀罕聞知世祖來伐，訴於遼人，乞與和解。 使者已至其家，世祖軍至，窩謀罕請緩師，盡以前所納亡人歸之。 世祖使烏林荅故德黑勃堇往受所遣亡者。 窩謀罕以三百騎乘懈來攻，世祖敗之。 遼使惡其無信，不復為主和，乃進軍圍之。 太祖衣短甲行圍，號令諸軍，窩謀罕使太峪潛出城攻之。 太峪馳馬援槍，將及太祖，活臘胡擊斷其槍，太祖乃得免。 斜列至斜寸水，用郭赧計，取先在烏春軍者二十二人。 烏春軍覺之，殺二人，餘二十人皆得之，益以土軍來助。 窩謀罕自知不敵，乃遁去。 遂克其城，盡以貲產分賚軍中，以功為次，諸部皆安輯焉。 穆宗常嘉郭赧功，後以斜列之女守甯妻其子胡裏罕。
Wuchun was already dead. Hearing that Shizu was marching against him, Womouhan appealed to the Liao court and sued for peace. Liao envoys had already reached his home when Shizu's host arrived. Womouhan asked for a halt and promised to return every fugitive he had harbored. Shizu sent Gudehei, tribal chief of the Ulin'a clan, to receive the returned fugitives. Womouhan struck with three hundred horsemen while their guard was down; Shizu routed him. The Liao envoy, disgusted by his treachery, would mediate no further. Shizu pressed on and laid siege. Taizu, in light armor, rode the siege circuit shouting orders. Womouhan sent Taiyu out by stealth to strike at him. Taiyu galloped up, spear couched, almost upon Taizu when Huolahu struck and shattered the shaft; only so did Taizu escape. Xielie came to Xiecun River and, following Guonán's scheme, secured twenty-two men once in Wuchun's service. Wuchun's men discovered the plot and killed two; the other twenty were taken, and local warriors joined the cause. Seeing he could not stand, Womouhan fled. The town fell. Goods and property were divided among the troops by merit, and the tribes were pacified. Muzong often spoke of Guonán's service; later he married Guonán's son Hulihan to Xielie's daughter Shouning.
23
溫敦蒲刺 (附)
Wendun Puci (Supplementary)
24
烏春之後為溫敦氏，裔孫曰蒲刺。
Wuchun's line became the Wendun clan; a descendant was named Puci.
25
溫敦蒲刺始居長白山阿不辛河，徙隆州移裏閔河。 蒲刺初從希尹征伐，攝猛安謀克事，遇賊突出，力擊敗之，手殺二十餘人，用是擢修武校尉。 天德初，充護衛，遷宿直將軍，與眾護衛射遠，皆莫能及，海陵以玉鞍、銜賞之。 往曷懶路選可充護衛者，使還稱旨，遷耶盧椀群牧使，改遼州刺史。 正隆伐宋，召為武翼軍副都總管，將兵二千，至汝州南，遇宋兵二萬餘，邀擊敗之，手殺將士十餘人。 是時，嵩、汝兩州百姓多逃去，蒲刺招集，使之複其業。 改莫州刺史，征為太子左衛率府率，再遷隴州防禦使，曆鎮西、胡裏改、顯德軍節度使。 致仕，卒。
Wendun Puci first lived on the Abuxin River of the Long White Mountains, then removed to the Yilimin River in Long Prefecture. Puci first campaigned under Xiyin as acting deputy in the meng'an-moke office. When bandits broke out he charged, killed twenty men with his own hand, and was raised to Xiuzhou Captain. In the early Tiande era he entered the guards, rose to Palace Guard General, and none among the guards could match him at long shots. Hailing rewarded him with a jade saddle and bit. Sent to Helan to choose men for the guards, he returned with imperial praise, was made Yeluwan herd commissioner, and then prefect of Liaozhou. In the Zhenglong war on Song he was made deputy commander-in-chief of the Wuyi Army with two thousand men. South of Ruzhou he met twenty thousand Song troops, cut them off, routed them, and killed more than ten enemy soldiers himself. Many had fled from Song and Ru prefectures; Puci gathered them back to their fields and trades. He became prefect of Mo, was recalled as commandant of the Crown Prince's Left Guard, then defender of Long, and in turn military commissioner of the Zhenxi, Huligai, and Xiande circuits. He retired from office and died.
26
臘醅弟麻產
Lapei and his younger brother Machan
27
臘醅、麻產兄弟者，活刺渾水訶鄰鄉紇石烈部人。 兄弟七人，素有名聲，人推服之。 及烏春、窩謀罕等為難，故臘醅兄弟乘此際結陶溫水之民，浸不可制。 其同裏中有避之者，徙於苾罕村野居女直中，臘醅怒，將攻之，乃約烏古論部騷臘勃堇、富者撻懶、胡什滿勃堇、海羅勃堇、斡茁火勃堇。 海羅、斡茁火間使人告野居女直，野居女直有備，臘醅等敗歸。 臘醅乃由南路複襲野居女直，勝之，俘略甚眾。 海羅、斡茁火、胡什滿畏臘醅，求援于世祖。 斜列以輕兵邀擊臘醅等於屯睦吐村，敗之，盡得所俘。
Lapei and Machan were brothers of the Heshilie clan in He'lin township on the Huocihun River. Seven brothers—they were famed long before, and men deferred to them. When Wuchun and Womouhan stirred rebellion, the Lapei brothers used the moment to bind the Taowen River folk to themselves until none could check them. Villagers who fled them settled among wild Jurchen at Bihan village. Lapei meant to attack and called in Saolai, chief of the Wugulun tribe, the wealthy Tadan, and the chiefs Hushiman, Hailuo, and Wozhuohuo. Hailuo and Wozhuohuo secretly warned the wild Jurchen, who stood ready; Lapei's force was beaten back. Lapei struck again by the southern road, routed them, and carried off a great body of captives. Hailuo, Wozhuohuo, and Hushiman, fearing Lapei, appealed to Shizu for help. Xielie with light troops ambushed Lapei at Tunmutu village, broke them, and recovered every captive.
28
臘醅、麻產驅掠來流水牧馬。 世祖至混同江，與穆宗分軍。 世祖自妒骨魯津倍道兼行，馬多乏，皆留之路傍，從五六十騎，遇臘醅于野鵲水。 日已曛，臘醅兵眾，世祖兵少，歡都鏖戰，出入數四，馬中創，死者十數。 世祖突陣力戰，中四創，不能軍。 穆宗自庵吐渾津度江，遇敵于蒲盧買水。 敵問為誰，應之曰：「歡都。」 問者射穆宗，矢著於弓箙。 是歲，臘醅、麻產使其徒舊賊禿罕及馳朵剽取戶魯不濼牧馬四百，及富者粘罕之馬合七百餘匹，過青嶺東，與烏春、窩謀罕交結。 世祖自將伐之，臘醅等偽降，還軍。 臘醅複求助於烏春、窩謀罕。 窩謀罕以姑裏甸兵百有十七人助之。 臘醅據暮棱水，保固險阻，石顯子婆諸刊亦往從之。 世祖率兵圍之，克其軍，麻產遁去，遂擒臘醅及婆諸刊，皆獻之遼。 盡獲其兵，使其卒長斡善、斡脫招撫其眾，使斜缽撫定之。 複使阿離合懣察暮棱水人情，並募兵與斜缽合，語在《烏春傳》。
Lapei and Machan raided along the Lailiu, driving off horse herds. Shizu came to the Hun Tong and split forces with Muzong. Shizu force-marched from Dugulu Ford; horses gave out and were left along the road. With fifty or sixty riders he met Lapei at Yaque River. Dusk had fallen. Lapei's host far outnumbered Shizu's. Huandu fought back and forth through the press again and again; his horse was wounded and more than ten men fell. Shizu broke into the enemy line and fought at the forefront until he took four wounds and could no longer command. Muzong crossed from Antuhun Ford and met the enemy at Pulubai River. They called out to know who faced them. The answer came: "Huandu." The archer loosed at Muzong; the shaft struck his bow case. That year Lapei and Machan sent the outlaw Tuohan and Chiduo to rustle four hundred horses from the Hulubu pasture, seven hundred head altogether with the wealthy Nianhan's herds. They crossed east of Qingling and allied with Wuchun and Womouhan. Shizu marched in person against them; Lapei and his brothers feigned surrender, and Shizu withdrew. Lapei again begged Wuchun and Womouhan for aid. Womouhan sent one hundred seventeen men from Guli district. Lapei held the Muleng River in rough country; Pojukan, son of Shi Xian, joined him as well. Shizu besieged him, broke his host, Machan fled, and Lapei and Pojukan were taken and sent to the Liao court. His fighters were taken whole. Squad leaders Woshan and Wotuo pacified the people, and Xiebo settled them. Shizu again sent Alianhe Meng to sound the Muleng country, raise troops, and join Xiebo—the full account is in the Wuchun biography.
29
世祖既沒，肅宗襲節度使。 麻產據直屋鎧水，繕完營堡，招納亡命，杜絕往來者。 恃陶溫水民為之助，招之不聽，使康宗伐之。 是歲，白山混同江大溢，水與岸齊，康宗自阿鄰岡乘舟至於帥水，舍舟沿帥水而進。 使太祖從東路取麻產家屬，盡獲之。 康宗圍麻產急，太祖來會軍，於是麻產先亡在外，其人乘夜突圍遁去。 太祖曰：「麻產之家蕩盡矣，走將安歸。」 追之。 麻產不知太祖急求己也，與三騎來伺軍，其一人墜馬下，太祖識之，問狀。 其人曰：「我隨麻產來伺軍，彼走者二人，麻產在焉。」 麻產與其人分道走，太祖命劾魯古追東走者，而自追西走者。 至直屋鎧水，失麻產不見，急追之，得遺甲于路，跡而往，前至大澤，濘淖。 麻產棄馬入萑葦，太祖亦棄馬追及之，與之挑戰。 烏古論壯士活臘胡乘馬來，問曰：「此何人也。」 太祖初不識麻產，佯應曰：「麻產也。」 活臘胡曰：「今亦追及此人邪。」 遂下馬援槍進戰。 麻產連射活臘胡，活臘胡中二矢，不能戰。 有頃，軍至，圍之。 歡都射中麻產首，遂擒之。 無有識之者，活臘胡乃前扶其首而視之，見其鹵豁，曰：「真麻產也。」 麻產張目曰：「公等事定矣。」 遂殺之。 太祖獻馘于遼。
When Shizu died Suzong succeeded to the military commissionership. Machan held Zhiwu on the Kai River, rebuilt his forts, gathered fugitives, and cut the roads. He relied on the Taowen River folk and would not answer summons; Suzong sent Kangzong against him. That year the Hun Tong flooded at the White Mountains until water met the banks. Kangzong took boats from A'lingang to the Shuai River, then left the boats and marched along its bank. Taizu was sent by the eastern road to take Machan's household; all were captured. Kangzong pressed the siege hard. Taizu joined the host. Machan himself was abroad, but his men broke out under cover of night and fled. Taizu said: "Machan's house is stripped bare. Where can he run?" Taizu gave chase. Machan did not know Taizu was hunting him so hard. He came with three riders to scout the army; one fell from his horse. Taizu knew the man and questioned him. The man said, "I came with Machan to watch your host. Two men fled—and Machan is one of them." Machan and his companion split up and ran. Taizu sent Heligu after the pair fleeing east and took the western trail himself. At Zhiwu on the Kai River he lost Machan altogether. He pressed on, found armor dropped along the road, followed the trail to a great marsh, and sank into mud and mire. Machan left his horse and plunged into the reeds. Taizu did the same, caught him on foot, and closed to fight. Huolahu, a Wugulun warrior, rode up and asked, "Who is this?" Taizu did not yet know Machan by sight. He answered offhand, "Machan." Huolahu said, "So you have run him down as well?" He dismounted, levelled his spear, and joined the fight. Machan shot again and again at Huolahu, who took two arrows and could fight no longer. Before long the main force came up and ringed them in. Huandu struck Machan in the head with an arrow and took him alive. No one else knew his face. Huolahu went forward, raised his head, and saw the bare ridge of his brow. "It is Machan indeed," he said." Machan fixed them with wide eyes. "Your business is done," he said." Then they killed him. Taizu sent the heads to the Liao court as tribute.
30
鈍恩，阿裏民忒石水紇石烈部人。 祖曰劾魯古，父納根涅，世為其部勃堇。 斡准部人冶刺勃堇、海葛安勃堇暴其族人斡達罕勃堇及諸弟屋裏黑、屋徒門，抄略其家，及抄略阿活裏勃堇家，侵及納根涅所部。 穆宗使納根涅以本部兵往治冶刺等。 行至蘇濱水，輒募人為兵，主者拒之，輒抄略其人。 遂攻烏古論部敵庫德，入米里迷石罕城。 及斡賽、冶訶來問狀，止蘇濱水西納木汗村，納根涅止蘇濱水東屋邁村。 納根涅雖款伏而不肯征償，時甲戌歲十月也。 明年八月，納根涅遁去，斡賽追而殺之，執其母及其妻子以歸，而使鈍恩複其所。
Dun'en was of the Heshilie clan on the Aliminteshi River. His grandfather was Heligu and his father Nagenie; for generations their line had held the beljenate of the tribe. Yezhi Bolie and Haige'an Bolie of the Wozhun clan preyed on their kinsman Wodahan Bolie and his brothers Wuliihei and Wutumen, looting their homes. They raided Ahuoli Bolie's household too and pushed into Nagenie's territory. Muzong sent Nagenie with men of his own tribe to bring Yezhi and his fellows to account. On the Subin River he began pressing men into his ranks at every stop. When headmen refused, he plundered them instead. He turned on Dikude of the Wugulun and stormed Milimishi Han City. When Wo Sai and Yehe came to investigate, they camped at Namuhan on the west bank of the Subin while Nagenie held Wumai on the east. Nagenie bowed and yielded in form but would not pay back what he had seized. It was the tenth month of the jiaxu year. In the eighth month of the following year Nagenie fled. Wo Sai ran him down and killed him, brought back his mother, wife, and children, and put Dun'en back in his father's seat.
31
留可，統門、渾蠢水合流之地烏古論部人，忽沙渾勃堇之子。 詐都，渾蠢水安春之子也。 間誘奧純、塢塔兩部之民作亂。 敵庫德、鈍恩皆叛而與留可、詐都合。 兩黨揚言曰：「徒單部之黨十四部為一，烏古論部之黨十四部為一，蒲察部之黨七部為一，凡三十五部。 完顏部十二而已，以三十五部戰十二部，三人戰一人也，勝之必矣。」 世祖降附諸部亦皆有離心。 當是時，惟烏延部斜勒勃堇及統門水溫蒂痕部阿裏保勃堇、撒葛周勃堇等皆使人來告難。 斜勒，達紀保之子也，先使其兄保骨臘來，既而以其甲來歸。 阿裏保等曰：「吾等必不從亂，但乞兵為援耳。」
Liuke was of the Wugulun where the Tongmen and Hunchun rivers join, son of Hushahun Bolie. Zhadu was son of Anchun on the Hunchun River. Between them they secretly stirred the Aochun and Wuta tribes to revolt. Dikude and Dun'en broke away and threw in with Liuke and Zhadu. The two sides cried abroad, "Fourteen Toudan tribes stand as one, fourteen Wugulun tribes as one, seven Pucha tribes as one—thirty-five tribes in all. The Wanyan have only twelve. Thirty-five against twelve means three men for every one of theirs. Victory is certain." Even tribes Shizu had already won over began to waver. Only then did Xiele Bolie of the Wuyan, Aribao Bolie of the Wendihen on the Tongmen River, Sagezhou Bolie, and a few others send envoys pleading for help. Xiele was son of Dajibao. He first sent his elder brother Baogulan, then followed with his own armored fighters. Aribao and his fellows said, "We will not join the rebels—we ask only for troops to hold them off."
32
穆宗使撒改伐留可，使謾都訶伐敵庫德。 既而太祖以七十甲詣撒改軍，中道以四十甲與謾都訶。 石土門之軍與謾都訶會于米里迷石罕城下。 而鈍恩將援留可，聞謾都訶之兵寡，以為無備，而未知石土門之來會也，欲先攻謾都訶。 謾都訶、石土門迎擊，大破鈍恩。 米里迷石罕城遂降，獲鈍恩、敵庫德，皆釋弗誅。 太祖至撒改軍，明日遂攻破留可城，城中渠帥皆誅之，取其孥累貲產而還。 塢塔城亦撒守備而降。 留可先在遼，塢塔已脫身在外，由是皆未獲。 詐都亦詣蒲家奴降，太祖釋之。 於是，諸部皆安業如故。 久之，留可、塢塔皆來降。
Muzong sent Sagai against Liuke and Manduhe against Dikude. Taizu then marched seventy armored men to Sagai's host and, on the way, detached forty to Manduhe. Shitu Men's column joined Manduhe beneath the walls of Milimishi Han City. Dun'en was marching to relieve Liuke. Hearing Manduhe had only a thin force, he judged the camp undefended—he did not know Shitu Men was coming—and meant to strike Manduhe first. Manduhe and Shitu Men met him head-on and shattered Dun'en's host. Milimishi Han City surrendered. Dun'en and Dikude were taken but spared. Taizu joined Sagai. The next day they stormed Liuke's city, executed every chief within the walls, and marched home with wives, children, and goods. Wuta City too pulled back its garrison and submitted. Liuke was already in Liao and Wuta had slipped the net abroad, so neither was caught. Zhadu surrendered to Pu Jianu as well, and Taizu let him go. Thereafter every tribe returned to its old ways in peace. In time Liuke and Wuta both came in and submitted.
33
阿疏，星顯水紇石烈部人。 父阿海勃堇事景祖、世祖。 世祖破烏春還，阿海率官屬士民迎謁於雙宜大濼，獻黃金五鬥。 世祖喻之曰：「烏春本微賤，吾父撫育之，使為部長，而忘大恩，乃結怨於我，遂成大亂，自取滅亡。 吾與汝等三十部人之人，自今可以保安休息。 吾大數亦將終。 我死，汝等當念我，竭力以輔我子弟，若亂心一生，則滅亡如烏春矣。」 阿海與眾跪而泣曰：「太師若有不諱，眾人賴誰以生，勿為此言。」 未幾，世祖沒，阿海亦死，阿疏繼之。
A Shu was of the Heshilie clan on the Xingxian River. His father Ahai Bolie had served Jingzu and Shizu. When Shizu returned from defeating Wuchun, Ahai led officials and commoners to greet him at Shuangyi Great Marsh with five pecks of gold. Shizu addressed them: "Wuchun was born low. My father raised him up and made him a tribal chief. He forgot that debt, turned against us, and brought on this great rebellion—he destroyed himself. You people of the thirty tribes and I—from this day you may live in safety and peace. My own span of years is nearly spent as well. When I am gone, remember me and give my sons and kin your full strength. Let a rebellious heart stir once, and you will perish as Wuchun did." Ahai and the crowd knelt and wept. "If misfortune should befall the Grand Preceptor, whom shall we live by? Do not speak so." Before long Shizu died, then Ahai; A Shu succeeded his father.
34
阿疏自其父時常以事來，昭肅皇后甚憐愛之，每至，必留月餘乃遣歸。 阿疏既為勃堇，嘗與徒單部詐都勃堇爭長，肅宗治之，乃長阿疏。
From his father's day A Shu had often come on tribal business. Empress Zhaosu doted on him; whenever he arrived she kept him more than a month before letting him go home. Once A Shu became bolie he quarrelled with Zhadu Bolie of the Toudan over precedence. Suzong heard the case and ruled for A Shu.
35
穆宗嗣節度，聞阿疏有異志，乃召阿疏賜以鞍馬，深加撫諭，陰察其意趣。 阿疏歸，謀益甚，乃斥其事。 複召之，阿疏不來，遂與同部毛睹祿勃董等起兵。
When Muzong took the military commission he heard A Shu was turning disloyal. He summoned him, gave saddle and horse, spoke him fair words, and watched his intent in secret. A Shu went home and plotted all the harder. Muzong then laid the matter bare. He summoned him again. A Shu would not come and rose in arms with Maodulu Boliedong and others of his clan.
36
穆宗自馬紀嶺出兵攻之。 撒改自胡論嶺往略，定潺春、星顯兩路，攻下鈍恩城。 穆宗略阿茶檜水，益募軍，至阿疏城。 是日辰巳間，忽暴雨，晦曀，雷電下阿疏所居，既又有大光，聲如雷，墜阿疏城中。 識者以謂破亡之征。
Muzong marched out from Majiling to attack him. Sagai came down from Hulun Ridge, secured the Chanchun and Xingxian roads, and took Dun'en City. Muzong swept the Achazhen River country, raised more troops, and came to A Shu's city. That day between chen and si hours a sudden tempest broke. Sky and air went black. Lightning struck where A Shu dwelt; then a great flare, loud as thunder, crashed into his city. Those who read omens called it a sign of ruin.
37
阿疏聞穆宗來，與其弟狄故保往訴於遼。 遼人來止勿攻。 穆宗不得已，留劾者勃堇守阿疏城而歸。 金初亦有兩劾者，其一撒改父，贈韓國公。 其一守阿疏城者，後贈特進雲。
Hearing Muzong was on the march, A Shu fled with his brother Digubao to plead before the Liao court. Liao envoys came ordering that the attack cease. Muzong had no choice. He left Hezhe Bolie to hold A Shu City and withdrew. In the early Jin there were two men named Hezhe: one was Sagai's father, later enfeoffed Duke of Han. The other was he who held A Shu City, later granted the posthumous title Tejin Yun.
38
劾者以兵守阿疏城者二年矣。 阿疏在遼不敢歸，毛睹祿乃降。 遼使複為阿疏來。 穆宗聞之，使烏林荅石魯濟師，且戒劾者令易衣服旗幟與阿疏城中同色，使遼使不可辨。 遼使至，乃使蒲察部胡魯勃堇、邈遜勃堇與俱至劾者軍，而軍中已易衣服旗幟，與阿疏城中如一，遼使果不能辨。 劾者詭曰：「吾等白相攻，幹汝何事，誰識汝之太師。」 乃刺殺胡魯、邈遜所乘馬，遼使驚怖走去，遂破其城。 狄故保先歸，殺之。
Hezhe had already garrisoned A Shu City for two years. A Shu stayed in Liao and dared not return. Maodulu submitted. Liao envoys came again on A Shu's behalf. Muzong heard of it and sent Wulinzha Shiluji with troops. He also told Hezhe to match clothing and banners to those in A Shu City so the Liao envoys could not tell friend from foe. When the Liao envoys came he sent Hulu Bolie and Miaosun Bolie of the Pucha tribe to escort them to Hezhe's camp. The garrison had already changed dress and banners to match the city. The envoys could not tell one side from the other. Hezhe lied to them: "We are only fighting among ourselves. What is that to you? Who knows your Grand Preceptor?" He stabbed the horses Hulu and Miaosun rode. The Liao envoys fled in terror, and the city was stormed and taken. Digubao had come home ahead of them. They killed him.
39
阿疏聞穆宗以計卻遼使，破其城，殺狄故保，複訴於遼。 遼使奚節度使乙烈來問狀，且使備償阿疏。 穆宗複使主隈、禿荅水人偽阻絕鷹路者，而使鱉故德部節度使言于遼，平鷹路非己不可。 遼人不察也，信之。 穆宗畋于土溫水，謂遼人曰：「吾平鷹路也。」 遼人以為功，使使來賞之。 穆宗盡以其物與主隈、禿荅之人而不復備償阿疏。 遼人亦不復問。
A Shu heard that Muzong had tricked the Liao envoys, stormed his city, and killed Digubao. He appealed to Liao again. Liao sent the Xi military commissioner Yilie to investigate and ordered A Shu made whole in compensation. Muzong again had the Zhuwei and Tudai river peoples pretend to block the hawk road and sent the Biegu'de military commissioner to tell Liao that none but he could reopen it. The Liao court did not look into it and believed him. Muzong hunted on the Tuwenshui and told the Liao envoys, "I have cleared the hawk road." The Liao treated it as a service and sent envoys with rewards. Muzong gave the whole gift to the Zhuwei and Tudai peoples and never made A Shu whole. The Liao asked no more about it.
40
阿疏在遼無所歸，後二年，使其徒達紀至生女直界上，曷懶甸人畏穆宗，執而送之，阿疏遂終於遼。
A Shu had no home left in Liao. Two years later he sent his man Daji to the Raw Jurchen frontier. The Yilanjian folk, fearing Muzong, seized him and handed him over. A Shu died at last in Liao.
41
及太祖伐遼，底遼之罪告於天地，而以阿疏亡命遼人不與為言，凡與遼往復書命必及之。 天輔六年，闍母、婁室略定天德、雲內、甯邊、東勝等州，獲阿疏。 軍士問之曰：「爾為誰？」 曰：「我破遼鬼也。」
When Taizu marched against Liao he laid Liao's crimes before Heaven and Earth. Among them he counted that A Shu had fled to Liao and they would not surrender him—every letter to and from Liao named the grievance. In the sixth year of Tianfu, Zhamu and Loushi overran Tiande, Yunnei, Ningbian, Dongsheng, and other prefectures and took A Shu. A soldier asked him, "Who are you?" He answered, "I am the wraith who broke Liao."
42
贊曰：金之興也，有自來矣。 世祖擒臘醅、婆諸刊，既獻之遼以為功，則又曰：「若不遣還，其部人疑懼，且為亂階。」 遼人不察，盡以前後所獻罪人歸之。 景祖止曷魯林牙、止同幹，穆宗止遼使阿疏城，始終以鷹路誤之，而遼人不悟。 景祖有黃馬，服乘如意，景祖沒，遼貴人爭欲得之。 世祖弗與，曰：「難未息也，馬不可以與人。」 遂割其兩耳，謂之禿耳馬，遼貴人乃弗取。 其前平諸部則借遼以為己重，既獻而求之則市以為己重。 戰陣一良馬終弗與遼人，而遼人終不悟，豈興亡有數，蓋天奪其魄歟。
The eulogist writes: The rise of Jin was no accident. Shizu took Lapei and Pojukan and sent them to Liao as trophies of merit. Then he said, "Unless you return them, their tribesmen will grow fearful and suspicious—and rebellion will follow." The Liao court never saw through the ruse and sent back every prisoner surrendered before and since. Jingzu held up Helu Linya and Tonggan; Muzong held up Liao envoys at A Shu City. Again and again they misled the court with tales of the hawk road, and the Liao never caught on. Jingzu owned a yellow horse that answered every rein. When Jingzu died, Liao nobles fought to claim it. Shizu refused. "The trouble is not over," he said. "A war horse cannot be given away." He cut off both its ears and called it the Bald-Eared Horse. The Liao nobles let the matter drop. When they pacified the tribes they used Liao to magnify their own standing; when they surrendered prisoners and then demanded them back, they bargained with Liao to magnify it again. They would not yield a single good war horse to the Liao, and the Liao never caught on. Perhaps fortune and ruin are fated—perhaps Heaven had stolen their judgment.
43
奚王回離保
Xiwang Huilibao
44
奚，與契丹俱起，在元魏時號庫莫奚，曆宇文周、隋、唐，皆號兵強。 其後契丹破走奚，奚西保冷陘，其留者臣服於契丹，號東、西奚。 厥後遼太祖稱帝，諸部皆內屬矣。 鐵勒者，古部族之號，奚有其地，號稱鐵勒州，又書作鐵驪州。 奚有五王族，世與遼人為昏，因附姓述律氏中，事具《遼史》，今不載。
The Xi arose alongside the Khitan. Under the Northern Wei they were known as the Kumo Xi; through Northern Zhou, Sui, and Tang they were famed as formidable warriors. Later the Khitan broke the Xi and drove them west to hold Lengling. Those who stayed behind submitted to the Khitan and were known as the Eastern and Western Xi. After the Liao founding emperor proclaimed himself emperor, every tribe fell under his sway. Tiele was an ancient tribal name. The Xi held that country and called it Tiele Prefecture, also written Tieli Prefecture. The Xi had five royal clans that for generations married into the Liao house and were enrolled among the Shulü. The details appear in the History of Liao and are omitted here.
45
奚有十三部、二十八落、一百一帳、三百六十二族。 甲午歲，太祖破耶律謝十，諸將連戰皆捷，奚鐵驪王回離保以所部降，未幾，遁歸於遼。 及遼主使使請和，太祖曰：「歸我叛人阿疏、降人回離保、迪裏等，余事徐議之。」 久之，遼主至鴛鴦濼，都統杲襲之，亡走天德。
The Xi comprised thirteen divisions, twenty-eight settlements, one hundred and one encampments, and three hundred sixty-two clans. In the jiawu year Taizu broke Yelü Xieshi. His generals won every engagement. Huilibao, king of the Xi Tieli, surrendered with his tribesmen, but soon fled back to the Liao court. When the Liao emperor sent envoys to sue for peace, Taizu replied: "Return my rebel A Shu, my deserter Huilibao, Dili, and the rest. Other matters can wait." In time the Liao emperor reached Yuanyang Marsh. Commander-in-chief Gao struck him, and he fled in defeat toward Tiande.
46
回離保與遼大臣立秦晉國王耶律捏裏於燕京。 捏裏死，蕭妃權國事。 太祖入居庸關，蕭妃自古北口出奔。 回離保至盧龍嶺，遂留不行，會諸奚吏民於越裏部，僭稱帝，改元天複，改置官屬，籍渤海、奚、漢丁壯為軍。 太祖詔回離保曰：「聞汝脅誘吏民，僭竊位號。 遼主越在草莽，大福不再。 汝之先世臣服於遼，今來臣屬，與昔何異。 汝與餘睹有隙，故難其來。 餘睹設有睚眥，朕豈從之。 儻能速降，盡釋汝罪，仍俾主六部族，總山前奚眾，還其官屬財產。 若尚執迷，遣兵致討，必不汝赦。」 回離保不聽。 天輔七年五月，回離保南寇燕地，敗于景、薊間，其眾奔潰。 耶律奧古哲及甥八斤、家奴白底哥等殺之。 其妻阿古聞之，自剄而死。
Huilibao and Liao ministers set up Yelü Nieli as Prince of Qin and Jin at Yanjing. Nieli died, and Consort Xiao held the reins of government. Taizu entered Juyong Pass while Consort Xiao fled north through the Ancient Northern Pass. Huilibao reached Lulong Ridge and stopped. He gathered Xi officials and commoners at Yueli, declared himself emperor, adopted the era name Tianfu, reconstituted his government, and enrolled Bohai, Xi, and Han men of fighting age. Taizu addressed Huilibao: "We hear you have coerced officials and people and stolen an imperial title. The Liao emperor wanders in the wilderness. Great fortune will not return. Your ancestors served the Liao. Now you would serve us. How is that a change? You and Yudu are at odds, and that is why you resist his coming. If Yudu nurses a private grudge, We will not indulge it. Submit at once and your crimes will be forgiven. You shall still rule the six tribal divisions, command every Xi clan south of the mountains, and recover your offices and goods. If you persist in folly, We will send armies against you, and there will be no mercy." Huilibao would not heed him. In the fifth month of Tianfu year 7, Huilibao raided south into Yan country, was beaten between Jing and Ji, and his army broke and fled. Yelü Aoguzhe, his nephew Bajin, the household slave Baidige, and others killed him. His wife Agu, on hearing the news, took her own life.
47
先是，速古部人據劾山，奚路都統撻懶招之不服，往討之。 鐵泥部眾扼險拒戰，殺之殆盡。 至是，速古、啜裏、鐵泥三部所據十三岩皆討平之。 達魯古部節度使乙列已降複叛，奚馬和尚討達魯古並五院司等諸部，諸部皆降，遂執乙列，杖之一百，其父及其家人先被獲者皆還之。
Earlier the Sugu clan held Heling Mountain. Tadan, commander of the Xi route, summoned them in vain and marched to punish them. The Tieni held the passes and fought back; nearly all were slaughtered. By then the thirteen strongholds held by the Sugu, Chuoli, and Tieni clans had all been brought to heel. Yilie, commissioner of the Dalugu tribe, had submitted and rebelled again. The monk Mashang of the Xi subdued Dalugu and the Five Courts Office along with other tribes. All surrendered. Yilie was seized and flogged a hundred times; his father and kin already in custody were restored to him.
48
初，太祖破遼兵于達魯古城，九百奚營來降。 至是，回離保死，奚人以次附屬，亦各置猛安謀克領之。
When Taizu first broke Liao forces at Dalugu City, nine hundred Xi encampments submitted. Now that Huilibao was dead, the Xi submitted one after another, each group placed under a commander or battalion chief.
49
贊曰：庫莫奚、契丹起於漢末，盛于隋、唐之間，俱強為鄰國，合併為群臣，曆八百餘年，相為終始。 奚有五，大定間，類族著姓有遙裏氏、伯德氏、奧裏氏、梅知氏、揣氏。
The eulogist writes: The Kumo Xi and Khitan rose at the end of Han and flourished through Sui and Tang as rival powers. They became lord and subject, and for more than eight hundred years their fortunes rose and fell together. The Xi numbered five branches. In the Dading era the recorded clan surnames were Yaoli, Bode, Aoli, Meizhi, and Chuai.