1
列傳第十一○阿離合懣子:晏 (本名斡論) ，孫:宗尹 (本名阿里罕) 宗甯 (本名阿土古) 宗道本名八十宗雄本名:謀良虎，子:阿鄰按荅海希尹本名:穀神，孫:守貞 (本名左靨) 守能 (本名胡刺)
Biography 11: Ali Hemen; his son Yan (original name Wolun) ; grandson: Zongyin (original name Alihan) Zong Ning (original name Atugu) Zong Dao (original name Bashi); Zong Xiong (original name Mou Lianghu); sons Alin and An Dahai; Xi Yin (original name Gushen); grandson Shouzhen (original name Zuoye) Shou Neng (original name Huci)
2
阿離合懣
Ali Hemen
3
阿離合懣，景祖第八子也。 健捷善戰。 年十八，臘醅、麻產起兵據暮棱水，烏春、窩謀罕以姑里甸兵助之。 世祖擒臘醅，暮棱水人尚反側，不自安，使阿離合懣往撫差之，與斜缽合兵攻窩謀罕。 烏春已死，窩謀罕棄城遁去。 後從撒改討平留可，阿離合懣功居多。
Ali Hemen was the eighth son of the Jing Emperor. Vigorous and quick, he excelled in warfare. When he was eighteen, Lapu and Machan rebelled and held the Muleng River; Wuchun and Wamohan supported them with troops from Golidian. After the Shizu Emperor captured Lapu, the people along the Muleng River remained unsettled; he sent Ali Hemen to reassure them and, joining with Xiebo, attacked Wamohan. Wuchun was already dead, and Wamohan abandoned his stronghold and fled. Later, following Sagai in the campaign to pacify Liuke, Ali Hemen contributed the lion's share of the credit.
4
太祖擒蕭海里，使阿離合懣獻馘於遼。 太祖謀伐遼，阿離合懣實贊成之。 及舉兵，阿離合懣在行間屢戰有功。 及太宗等勸進，太祖未之許也。 阿離合懣、昱、宗翰等曰：「今大功已集，若不以時建號，無以系天下心。 〕太祖曰：「吾將思之。」 收國元年，太祖即位。 阿離合懣與宗翰以耕具九為獻，祝曰：「使陛下毋忘稼穡之艱難。」 太祖敬而受之。 頃之，為國論乙室勃極烈。
After the Taizu captured Xiao Haili, he sent Ali Hemen to present the enemy heads to the Liao court. When the Taizu planned the campaign against Liao, Ali Hemen was a firm advocate. Once the army marched, Ali Hemen fought again and again at the front and won repeated distinction. When Taizong and others pressed him to assume the throne, the Taizu still held back. Ali Hemen, Yu, Zonghan, and the others said, "Our great enterprise is complete; if we do not proclaim a reign title now, we cannot hold the hearts of the realm. The Taizu replied, "I will think on it." In the first year of Shouguo (1115), the Taizu ascended the throne. Ali Hemen and Zonghan presented nine farming tools as a gift, with the prayer: "May Your Majesty never forget how hard it is to raise the crops." The Taizu received them with reverence. Before long he was made Guolun Yishi Bojilie.
5
為人聰敏辨給，凡一聞見，終身不忘。 始未有文字，祖宗族屬時事並能默記，與斜葛同修本朝譜牒。 見人舊未嘗識，聞其父祖名，即能道其部族世次所出。 或積年舊事，偶因他及之，人或遺忘，輒一一辨析言之，有質疑者皆釋其意義。 世祖嘗稱其強記，人不可及也。
Clever, articulate, and quick on his feet, he never forgot anything he heard or saw even once. In the days before there was a written script, he could recite from memory the affairs of the imperial clan; with Xiege he compiled the dynasty's genealogical records. Meeting a stranger for the first time, he needed only to hear the names of the man's father and grandfather to trace his clan, generation, and lineage. On some long-past matter that others had forgotten, if it came up in conversation he would lay out each point in order and clear up every doubt. The Shizu Emperor once said that his memory was beyond anyone else's reach.
6
天輔三年，寢疾，宗翰日往問之，盡得祖宗舊俗法度。 疾病，上幸其家問疾，問以國家事，對曰：「馬者甲兵之用，今四方未平，而國俗多以良馬殉葬，可禁止之。」 乃獻平生所乘戰馬。 及以馬獻太宗，使其子蒲里迭代為奏，奏有誤語，即哂之，宗翰從傍為改定。 進奏訖，薨，年四十九。
In the third year of Tianfu (1119) he fell ill; Zonghan visited him every day and learned from him the full body of ancestral custom and law. When the emperor came to his home to inquire after him and asked about affairs of state, he answered, "Horses are the sinews of war. The realm is not yet settled, yet our custom buries many fine horses with the dead—that practice should be stopped." He then presented the war horses he had ridden throughout his life. When he presented horses to Taizong, he had his son Pulidai deliver the memorial; Pulidai misspoke, and he laughed at him on the spot while Zonghan, standing beside him, corrected the wording. As soon as the presentation was done, he died, at the age of forty-nine.
7
上聞阿離合懣臨薨有奏事，曰：「臨終不亂，念及國家事，真賢臣也。」 哭之慟。 及葬，上親臨。 熙宗時，追封隋國王。 天德中，改贈開府儀同三司、隋國公。 大定間，配饗太祖廟廷，諡曰剛憲。 子賽也、斡論。 賽也子宗尹。
Learning that Ali Hemen had presented state business on his deathbed, the emperor said, "Composed to the last and thinking of the realm—he was a true worthy minister." He mourned him with deep grief. At the funeral the emperor attended in person. Under Emperor Xizong he was posthumously enfeoffed as Prince of Sui. In the Tiande period his posthumous honors were raised to Grand Preceptor of the Palace with the rank of Duke of Sui. In the Dading era he was given a place in the sacrifices at the Taizu temple, with the posthumous title Gangxian (Steadfast and Law-abiding). His sons were Saiye and Wolun. Saiye's son was Zongyin.
8
子晏
His son Yan
9
晏本名斡論，景祖之孫，阿離合懣次子也。 明敏多謀略，通契丹字。 天會初，烏底改叛。 太宗幸北京，以晏有籌策，召問，稱旨，乃命督扈從諸軍往討之。 至混同江，諭將士曰：「今叛眾依山谷，地勢險阻，林木深密，吾騎卒不得成列，未可以歲月破也。」 乃具舟楫艤江，令諸軍據高山，連木為柵，多張旗幟，示以持久計，聲言俟大軍畢集而發。 乃潛以舟師浮江而下，直搗其營，遂大破之，據險之眾不戰而潰。 月餘，一境皆定。 師還，授左監門衛上將軍，為廣甯尹，入為吏、禮兩部尚書。
Yan, whose original name was Wolun, was a grandson of the Jing Emperor and the second son of Ali Hemen. Clear-minded and resourceful, he was versed in the Khitan script. Early in the Tianhui era (1123), the Udige tribes rebelled. When Taizong went to the Northern Capital, he summoned Yan for his counsel; pleased with his answers, he put him in command of the imperial escort forces sent to suppress the rebellion. At the Huntong River he told his officers, "The rebels have taken to the hills; the ground is steep and the forest thick. Our horsemen cannot fight in formation, and this will not be settled in a matter of months." He fitted out boats and anchored them on the river, posted his troops on the heights, linked timbers into palisades, and raised many banners to suggest a long siege, announcing that he would strike only when the main force had fully assembled. Then, under cover of night, he sent his fleet downstream and struck their camp head-on; the rebels in the defiles broke and fled without a fight. Within little more than a month the entire region was pacified. On his return he was made Senior General of the Left Gate Guards, appointed Guangning Yin, and later served as Minister of Personnel and Minister of Rites.
10
大定二年正月，上如山陵。 禮畢，上將獵，有司已夙備。 晏諫曰：「邊事未甯，畋遊非所宜也。」 上嘉納之。 因謂晏等曰：「古者帝王虛心受諫，朕常慕之。 卿等盡言毋隱。」 進拜太尉。 複致仕，還鄉里。 是歲，薨。 詔有司致祭，賻贈銀幣甚厚。
In the first month of the second year of Dading (1162), the emperor went to the imperial tombs. After the rites were complete the emperor was about to go hunting; the officials had already made ready. Yan remonstrated, "The frontier is not yet secure; this is no time for the hunt." The emperor welcomed his advice. He then told Yan and the others, "The sage kings of old listened humbly to remonstrance; I have always admired that. Speak your minds freely and hold nothing back." Yan was promoted to Grand Marshal. He retired once more and returned to his home. That year he died. An edict ordered the proper rites of mourning, with a lavish grant of silver and goods.
11
孫宗尹
His grandson Zongyin
12
宗尹，本名阿里罕。 以宗室子充護衛，改牌印祗候，授世襲謀克，為右衛將軍。 曆順天、歸德、彰化、唐古部族、橫海軍節度使。 正隆南伐，領神略軍都總管，先鋒渡淮，取揚州及瓜洲渡。 大定二年，改河南路副都統，駐軍許州之境。
Zongyin, whose original name was Alihan. As a member of the imperial clan he first served in the guard corps, then became a seal-and-register attendant; he received a hereditary mouke and was appointed Right Guard General. He served in turn as prefect of Shuntian, Guide, and Zhanghua, as commissioner over the Tanggu tribes, and as military governor of the Henghai circuit. On the southern campaign of the Zhenglong era (1158–1161) he commanded the Shenlue Army as supreme commander; leading the vanguard he crossed the Huai, seized Yangzhou, and took the Guazhou crossing. In the second year of Dading he was made Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Henan Route and encamped his forces in the Xuzhou region.
13
是時，宋陷汝州，殺刺史烏古孫麻潑及漢軍二千人。 宗尹遣萬戶孛術魯定方、完顏阿喝懶、夾穀清臣、烏古論三合、渠雛訛只將騎四千往攻之，遂複取汝州。 除大名尹，副統如故。 頃之，為河南路統軍使，遷元帥左都監，除南京留守。 上曰：「卿年少壯，而心力多滯。 前任點檢京尹，勤力不怠，而處事迷錯。 勉修職業，以副朕意。」 賜通犀帶、廄馬。 八年，置山東路統軍司，宗尹為使。 遷樞密副使。 錄其父功，授世襲蒲與路屯河猛安，並親管謀克。 隊太子太保，樞密副使如故。
At that time the Song seized Ruzhou and killed the prefect Wugusun Mapo along with two thousand Han troops. Zongyin sent the commanders of ten thousand Shulü Dingfang, Wanyan Ahalan, Jiagu Qingchen, Wugulun Sanhe, and Qu Chuozhi with four thousand cavalry to retake it, and Ruzhou was recovered. He was appointed Daming Yin while retaining his post as deputy commander. Before long he became Commander-in-Chief of the Henan Route, was transferred to Left Supervisor of the Marshals, and was appointed Garrison Commander of Nanjing. The emperor said, "You are still young and strong, yet your mind too often grows sluggish. As Metropolitan Inspector and Capital Yin you worked tirelessly, yet you often blundered in your decisions. Apply yourself to your office and live up to what I expect of you." He was given a rhinoceros-horn belt and horses from the imperial stables. In the eighth year (1168) the Shandong Route command was established, with Zongyin as its commissioner. He was transferred to Vice Commissioner of the Privy Council. In recognition of his father's service he was granted the hereditary meng'an of Tunhe in the Puyu Route and given personal charge of the moukes. He was appointed Grand Guardian of the Heir Apparent while retaining his post as Vice Commissioner of the Privy Council.
14
上問宰臣曰：「宗尹雖才無大過人者，而性行淳厚，且國之舊臣，昔為達官，卿等尚未仕也。 朕欲以為平章政事何如？」 宰執皆曰：「宗尹為相，甚協眾望。」 即日拜平章政事，封代國公，兼太子太傅。
The emperor asked his chief ministers, "Zongyin is not a man of outstanding talent, but his character is honest and steady, and he is an elder servant of the state—he held high office when you had not yet entered service. I mean to appoint him Grand Councilor—what do you think?" The chief ministers all replied, "Zongyin as chancellor would satisfy the hopes of the realm." That same day he was appointed Grand Councilor, enfeoffed as Duke of Dai, and made concurrent Grand Tutor of the Heir Apparent.
15
是時民間苦錢幣不通，上問宗尹，對曰：「錢者有限之物，積於上者滯於下，所以不通。 海陵軍興，為一切之賦，有菜園、房稅、養馬錢。 大定初，軍事未息，調度不繼，故因仍不改。 今天下無事，府庫充積，悉宜罷去。」 上曰：「卿留意百姓，朕複何慮。 太尉守道老矣，舍卿而誰。」 於是，養馬等錢始罷。
At that time the people were distressed because currency would not circulate; when the emperor asked Zongyin, he answered, "Money is a finite commodity; when it piles up at the top it stagnates below—that is why it will not flow. When Hailing launched his wars he imposed blanket levies, including taxes on vegetable gardens and houses and a horse-keeping levy. Early in Dading the armies were still in the field and revenue could not keep pace, so these taxes were left in place. Now the realm is at peace and the treasuries are full; all of them should be abolished." The emperor said, "You have the people's welfare at heart—what more need I concern myself with? The Grand Marshal Shoudao is old; if not you, then who?" Thereupon the horse-keeping levy and similar imposts were abolished.
16
他日，上謂宰臣曰：「宗尹治家嚴密，他人不及也。」 顧謂宗尹曰：「政事亦當如此矣。」 有頃，北方歲饑，軍食不足，廷議輸粟賑濟。 或謂比雖不登，而舊積有餘，秋成在近，不必更勞輸挽，宗尹曰：「國家平時積粟，本以備凶歲也，必待秋成，則憊者眾矣。 人有捐瘠，其如防戍何。」 上從之。
On another occasion the emperor told his ministers, "Zongyin runs his household with a discipline no one else can match." Turning to Zongyin he added, "Your conduct of government should be the same." Before long the north suffered famine and army rations ran short; the court debated shipping grain for relief. Some argued that although the harvest had failed, old stores were still adequate and the autumn crop was near, so there was no need for costly transport; Zongyin said, "The state hoards grain in normal times precisely for years like this; if we wait for the autumn harvest, many will already have perished. If the people starve, how are we to man the frontier garrisons?" The emperor accepted his view.
17
宗尹乞令子銀術可襲其猛安，會太尉守道亦乞令其子神果奴襲其謀克。 凡承襲人不識女直字者，勒令習學。 世宗曰：「此二子，吾識其一習漢字，未習女直字。 自今女直、契丹、漢字曾學其一者，即許承襲。」 遂著於令。
Zongyin asked that his son Yinzhuke be permitted to inherit his meng'an; at the same time Grand Marshal Shoudao asked that his son Shenguonu inherit his mouke. Any heir who could not read Jurchen script was ordered to learn it. Shizong said, "Of these two sons, I know that one has studied Chinese characters but has not studied Jurchen script. Henceforth, anyone who has learned at least one of Jurchen, Khitan, or Chinese script may inherit. The rule was then entered into statute.
18
宗尹有疾，不能赴朝。 上問宰臣曰：「宗尹何為不入朝？」 太尉守道以疾對。 曰：「丞相志甯嘗言，'若詔遣征伐，所不敢辭。 宰相之職，實不敢當'。 宗尹亦豈此意耶。」
Zongyin fell ill and could not attend court. The emperor asked his chief ministers, "Why does Zongyin not come to court? Grand Marshal Shoudao replied that illness was the reason. He added, "Grand Councilor Zhining once said, 'If the throne orders me on campaign, I would not refuse. But the office of chancellor I truly dare not accept. Would Zongyin mean the same?"
19
二十四年，世宗將幸上京。 上曰：「臨潢、烏古里石壘歲皆不登，朕欲自南道往，三月過東京，謁太后陵寢，五月可達上京。 春月烏獸孳孕，東作方興，不必搜田講事，卿等以為何如？」 宗尹曰：「南道歲熟，芻粟賤，宜如聖旨。」 遂由南道往焉。 世宗至上京，聞同簽大宗正事宗寧不能撫治上京宗室，宗室子往往不事生業。 上謂宗尹曰：「汝察其事，宜懲戒之。」 宗尹奏曰：「隨仕之子，父沒不還本土，以此多好遊蕩。」 上命召還。 宴宗室于皇武殿，擊球為樂。 上曰：「賞賜宗室，亦是小惠，又不可一概遷官，欲令諸局分收補，其間人材孰可者？」 宗尹對曰：「奉國斡准之子按出虎、豫國公昱之曾孫阿魯可任使。」 上曰：「度可任何職，更訪其餘以聞。」 詔以按出虎、阿魯為奉禦。
In the twenty-fourth year (1184) Shizong planned a visit to the Supreme Capital. The emperor said, "Linhuang and Wuguli Shilei have failed harvest after harvest; I mean to travel by the southern route, pass through Dongjing in the third month to visit the empress dowager's tomb, and reach the Supreme Capital by the fifth month. In spring the birds and beasts are breeding and eastern farming is underway—there is no need for hunting drills and war games; what do you think? Zongyin said, "The southern route had a good harvest and fodder is cheap; that accords with Your Majesty's plan. They then traveled by the southern route. When Shizong reached the Supreme Capital, he learned that Zong Ning, co-signatory of the Grand Imperial Clan office, could not keep order among the clan there, and many young clansmen neglected their livelihoods. The emperor told Zongyin, "Look into this and discipline them as you see fit. Zongyin reported, "Sons who accompany their fathers in office often stay on after the father dies instead of returning home, and for that reason many drift into idleness. The emperor ordered them recalled. He feasted the imperial clan in the Huangwu Hall and played cuju for amusement. The emperor said, "Handing out rewards to the clan is only a small kindness, and we cannot promote them all alike; I want the various offices to take them on as recruits—who among them has real ability? Zongyin answered, "Fengguo Wozhun's son Anchuhu and the Yuguoguo prince Yu's great-grandson Alu are fit for service. The emperor said, "Judge what post each can fill, and look into the others and report back. An edict appointed Anchuhu and Alu palace attendants.
20
二十七年，乞致仕。」 世宗曰：「此老不事事，從其請可也。」 宰臣奏曰：「舊臣宜在左右。」 上曰：「宰相總天下事，非養老之地。 若不堪其職，朕亦有愧焉。 如賢者在朝，利及百姓，四方瞻仰，朕亦與其光美。」 宰臣無以對。 宗尹入謝。 上曰：「卿久任外官，不聞有過失，但恨用卿稍晚，今精力似衰矣。 省事至煩，若勉留卿，則四方以朕為私，卿亦不自安也。」 頃之，上問宗尹子：「汝父致仕，將居何所？」 其子曰：「聚屬既多，不能複在京師。」 上遣使問宗尹曰：「朕欲留卿，時相從遊，卿子之言如此，今定何如？」 宗尹曰：「臣豈不欲在此，但餘閒之年，猶在輦下，恐聖主心困耳。 既哀老臣不忍擯棄，時時得瞻望天顏，臣豈敢他往。 鄉里故老無存者，雖到彼，尚將與誰遊乎。」 於是賜甲第一區，凡宴集畋獵皆從焉。 二十八年，薨。
In the twenty-seventh year (1187) he asked to retire. Shizong said, "This old man no longer throws himself into affairs—grant his request. The chief ministers urged, "A veteran minister should be kept close at hand. The emperor replied, "The chancellor oversees the realm—it is not a post for easing into old age. If he cannot bear the burden of office, I too would have reason to feel ashamed. When worthy men serve at court, the people profit and the realm looks up in admiration—and I share in that glory. The chief ministers had no answer. Zongyin came in to give thanks. The emperor said, "You served long in the provinces; I never heard a word against you, only that I used you rather late—and now your strength seems spent. The business of government is wearisome; if I pressed you to stay, the realm would call me partial and you would not be at ease either. Shortly afterward the emperor asked Zongyin's son, "Your father is retiring—where will he live? His son said, "Our kin are too many—we cannot stay on in the capital. The emperor sent an envoy to ask Zongyin, "I want you to stay so we may enjoy leisure together; your son says otherwise—what have you decided? Zongyin said, "How could I not wish to remain, but in the years left to me, still under the imperial precinct, I fear wearying Your Majesty's heart. Yet since Your Majesty pities an old servant and cannot bear to cast me off, that I may still from time to time behold your face—how could I go elsewhere? None of the old friends of my native place remain; even if I went home, with whom would I keep company? He was then granted a first-rank residence, and at every feast, hunt, or gathering he accompanied the court. In the twenty-eighth year (1188) he died.
21
孫宗甯
Grandson Zong Ning
22
宗甯本名阿土古，系出景祖，太尉阿離合懣之孫。 性勤厚，有大志。 起家為海陵征南都統，戰瓜洲渡，功最。 曆祁州刺史。
Zong Ning, whose original name was Atugu, was descended from the Jing Emperor and was a grandson of Grand Marshal Ali Hemen. He was diligent and steadfast by nature and harbored great ambition. He began as Hailing's commander of the southern expedition; at the battle of Guazhou Ford his merit ranked first. He served as prefect of Qizhou.
23
大定二年，為會甯府路押軍萬戶，擢歸德軍節度使。 時方旱蝗，守寧督民捕之，得死蝗一斗，給粟一斗，數日捕絕。 移鎮寧昌軍，改知臨潢府事，移天德軍。 世宗嘗謂宰臣曰：「宗甯智慮雖淺，然所至人皆愛之。」 即命為行軍右翼都統，為賀宋正旦使。 累遷兵部尚書，授隆州路和團猛安烈里沒世襲謀克。 出知大名府事，徙鎮利涉軍，俄同簽大睦親府事。
In the second year of Dading (1162) he was commander of ten thousand for the Huining Prefecture Route, then promoted to military commissioner of the Guide Army. Drought and locusts struck at the time; Zong Ning had the people hunt locusts, paying one dou of grain for each dou of dead insects, and within days the plague was gone. He was transferred to command Ningchang Army, appointed prefect of Linhuang, then moved to Tiande Army. Shizong once told his ministers, "Zong Ning is not deep in counsel, yet wherever he goes the people love him. He was promptly made right-wing commander of the field army and envoy to congratulate the Song court on New Year's Day. He rose to Minister of War and was granted the hereditary meng'an of the Longzhou Route Ho Group and the Liemo mouke. He governed Daming, then commanded Lishui Army, and soon became co-signatory of the Great Harmony and Kinship office.
24
宗寧多病，世宗欲以涼地處之，俾知咸平，詔以其子符寶郎畝為韓州刺史，以便養。 無幾，入授同判大睦親府事，拜平章政事。 明昌二年，薨。 宗甯居家約儉如寒素，臨事明敏。 其鎮臨潢，鄰國有警，宗甯聞知乏糧，即出倉粟，令以牛易之，敵知得粟，即遁去。 邊人以窩斡亂後，苦無牛，宗寧複令民入粟易牛，既而民得牛而倉粟倍於舊，其經畫如此。
Zong Ning was often ill; Shizong wished to place him in a cooler region and appointed him to Xianping, with an edict making his son, Treasure-Seal Attendant Mu, prefect of Hanzhou so he could be near his father. Before long he returned to court as associate judge of the Great Harmony office and was appointed Grand Councilor. In the second year of Mingchang (1191) he died. At home Zong Ning lived as frugally as a poor scholar, yet in office he was sharp and decisive. While he held Linhuang, a neighboring state raised an alarm; learning they lacked grain, Zong Ning opened the granaries and let grain be traded for cattle, and when the enemy learned they had grain they withdrew at once. After the Woheluan rebellion the frontier people were desperate for cattle; Zong Ning again had grain brought in to trade for oxen, and soon the people had cattle while the granaries held twice the grain they had before—such was his management.
25
宗道本名八十，上京司屬司人，系出景祖，太尉訛論之少子也。 通《周易》、《孟子》，善騎射，大定五年，充閤門祗候，累除近侍局使。
Zong Dao, whose original name was Bashi, came from the Shangjing subordinate bureau, was descended from the Jing Emperor, and was the youngest son of Grand Marshal Eolun (Ali Hemen). He mastered the Book of Changes and Mencius and excelled at mounted archery; in the fifth year of Dading (1165) he became a gate usher and was repeatedly promoted to commissioner of the close attendance bureau.
26
承安二年，為賀宋正旦使，尋授河南路統軍使。 泗州民張偉獲宋人王萬，言彼界事情，宗道疑其冤，乃廉問得實。 萬，楚州賈人，偉負萬貨五千餘貫，三年不償，萬理索，為偉所誣。 乃坐偉而歸萬，時人服其明。 後乞至仕，朝廷知非本心，改知河中府，有惠政，民立像於層觀，以時祭之。 移知臨洮，以病解。 泰和四年，卒。 贈龍虎衛上將軍。
In the second year of Cheng'an (1197) he was envoy to congratulate the Song on New Year's Day, then was made commander-in-chief of the Henan Route. A Sizhou commoner named Zhang Wei seized a Song man named Wang Wan and reported on affairs across the border; Zong Dao suspected a frame-up, investigated, and found the truth. Wan was a merchant of Chuzhou; Wei owed him more than five thousand strings in goods and for three years refused payment; when Wan pressed his claim, Wei denounced him. Wei was punished and Wan was sent home; people of the time admired his discernment. Later he asked to retire; the court knew his heart was not in leaving and made him prefect of Hezhong instead, where his rule brought real benefit and the people set up his image in a towered hall and offered seasonal sacrifices. He was transferred to Linzhou, then stepped down because of illness. In the fourth year of Taihe (1204) he died. He was posthumously made General of the Dragon-Tiger Guard.
27
宗雄本名謀良虎，康宗長子。 其始生也，世祖見而異之，曰：「此兒風骨非常，他日必為國器。」 因解佩刀，使常置其側，曰：「俟其成人則使佩之。」 九歲能射逸兔。 年十一，射中奔鹿。 世祖坐之膝上曰：「兒幼已然，異已出倫輩矣。」 以銀酒器賜之。 既長，風表奇偉，善談辯，多智略，孝敬謙謹，人愛敬之。 康宗沒，遼使阿息保來，乘馬至靈帷階下，擇取賵贈之馬。 太祖怒，欲殺阿息保，宗雄諫，太祖乃止。
Zong Xiong, whose original name was Mou Lianghu, was the eldest son of Prince Kang. At his birth the Shizu Emperor saw him and was struck by him, saying, "This boy's bearing is extraordinary; one day he will be the state's pillar. He took off his belt knife and had it kept always at the boy's side, saying, "When he comes of age, let him wear it. At nine he could bring down a running hare. At eleven he shot a running stag. The Shizu Emperor set him on his knee and said, "Even as a child he is like this—he already stands above his peers. He was given silver wine vessels. When grown he was imposing in bearing, skilled in debate and rich in stratagem, filial and modest—men loved and honored him. When Prince Kang died, the Liao envoy Axibao came, rode his horse to the foot of the mourning bier, and picked out horses from among the funeral gifts. Taizu was furious and meant to kill Axibao, but Zong Xiong dissuaded him and Taizu desisted.
28
太祖將舉兵，宗雄曰：「遼主驕侈，人不知兵，可取也。 不能擒一蕭海里，而我兵擒之。」 太祖善其言。 攻甯江州，渤海兵銳甚。 宗雄以所部敗渤海兵，以功授世襲千戶謀克。 太祖敗遼兵於出河店，宗雄推鋒力戰，功多。 達魯古城之役，宗雄將右軍，身先士卒戰，遼兵當右軍者已卻，上命宗雄助左軍擊遼兵。 宗雄繞遼兵後擊之，遼兵遂大潰，乘勝逐北。 日已暮，圍之。 黎明，遼兵突圍出，追殺至乙呂白石而還。 上撫其背曰：「朕有此子，何事不濟。」 以禦服賜之。
When Taizu was about to take up arms, Zong Xiong said, "The Liao ruler is arrogant and extravagant and his people know nothing of war—the realm can be taken. They could not take even Xiao Haili, yet our troops captured him. Taizu approved his counsel. In the assault on Ningjiang Prefecture the Bohai troops fought fiercely. Zong Xiong routed the Bohai with his command and for the merit was granted a hereditary commander-of-a-thousand mouke. Taizu defeated Liao forces at Chuhedian; Zong Xiong led the charge and fought hard, winning great distinction. At Dalucheng Zong Xiong commanded the right wing and fought ahead of his men; the Liao facing the right had already given way, and the emperor ordered him to reinforce the left and strike the Liao. Zong Xiong swung behind the Liao line and attacked; the Liao broke in rout and the victors pressed the pursuit northward. By evening they had surrounded them. At dawn the Liao broke out; the pursuers chased them to Yilü Baishi and then withdrew. The emperor clapped his back and said, "With a son like this, what could fail? He was given imperial robes.
29
及遼帝以七十萬眾至馳門，諸將皆曰：「遼軍勢甚盛，不宜速戰。」 宗雄曰：「不然。 遼兵雖眾，而皆庸將，士卒惴惴，不足畏也。 戰則破之掌握間耳。」 上曰：「善。」 追及遼帝于護步荅岡。 宗雄率眾直前，短兵接。 宗雄令前行持挺擊遼兵馬首，後行者射之，大敗遼兵。 上嘉宗雄功，執其手勞之，以禦介胄及禦戰馬、寶貨、奴婢賜之。
When the Liao emperor reached Chimen with seven hundred thousand men, the generals all said, "The Liao host is too strong—we should not fight at once. Zong Xiong said, "Not so. Their numbers are great, but their commanders are mediocrity itself and the soldiers are timid—there is nothing to fear. Strike now and we will crush them in our hands. The emperor said, "Well said. They overtook the Liao emperor at Hubudá Gang. Zong Xiong drove straight in at the head of his men and closed at close quarters. Zong Xiong ordered the vanguard to club the Liao horses' heads while the rear ranks shot the riders, and the Liao were routed. The emperor praised his achievement, took his hand in congratulation, and gave him imperial armor and horses, treasures, and attendants.
30
斜也攻春州，宗雄與宗幹、婁室取金山縣。 行近白鷹林，獲候者七人，縱其一人使歸。 縣人聞大軍至，乃潰，遂下金山縣。 與斜也俱取泰州。
While Xie Ye attacked Chunzhou, Zong Xiong joined Zong Gan and Loushi in taking Jinshan County. Near Baiying Forest they seized seven scouts and sent one back as a messenger. Hearing the army was upon them, the county militia scattered and Jinshan fell. Together with Xie Ye they took Taizhou.
31
太祖自將取臨潢府，遣宗雄先啟行，遇遼兵五千，宗雄與戰，大軍亦至，大破之。 及留守撻不野降，上以其女與宗雄，賞其啟行破遼援兵之功也。 既而與蒲家奴按視泰州地土，宗雄包其土來奏曰：「其土如此，可種植也。」 上從之。 由是徙萬餘家屯田泰州，以宗雄等言其地可種藝也。
Taizu led the assault on Linhuang himself and sent Zong Xiong ahead; he met five thousand Liao troops, fought them until the main force arrived, and together they crushed the enemy. When the garrison commander Tabuye surrendered, the emperor gave him Tabuye's daughter in marriage, rewarding Zong Xiong for clearing the Liao relief force on the advance. He then inspected the soil of Taizhou with Pujianu; Zong Xiong brought a sample wrapped in cloth and reported, "The land is like this—it will support cultivation." The emperor agreed. More than ten thousand households were then relocated to farm Taizhou on the strength of Zong Xiong's report that the land would bear crops.
32
西京既降複叛，時糧餉垂盡，議欲罷攻。 宗雄曰：「西京，都會也，若委而去之，則降者離心，遼之餘黨與夏人得以窺伺矣。」 乃立重賞以激士心。 既而，夜中有火，大如鬥，墜於城中。 宗雄曰：「此城破之象也。」 及克西京，賜宗雄黃金百兩，衣十襲及奴婢等。
After the Western Capital had surrendered it rebelled again; provisions were running out and some urged abandoning the siege. Zong Xiong said, "The Western Capital is a great metropolis; if we walk away, the surrendered will lose heart and Liao holdouts and the Xia will watch for openings." Heavy rewards were offered to rally the troops. Then one night a fireball the size of a bushel measure fell inside the walls. Zong Xiong said, "This is a sign that the city will fall." When the Western Capital fell he was rewarded with a hundred liang of gold, ten suits of robes, and attendants.
33
與宗翰等擊耿守忠兵七千於西京之東四十里，大破之。 迎謁太祖于鴛鴦濼，從至歸化州。 疾篤，宗幹問所欲言。 宗雄曰：「國家大業既成，主上壽考萬年，肅清四方，死且無恨。」 天輔六年，薨，年四十。 太祖來問疾，不及見，哭之慟。 謂群臣曰：「此子謀略過人，臨陣勇決，少見其比。 賻贈加等。 詔合紮千戶駙馬石家奴護喪歸，葬於歸化州，仍於死所建佛寺。
He joined Zong Han and others in routing Geng Shouzhong's seven thousand men forty li east of the Western Capital. He met Taizu at Yuanyang Marsh and accompanied him to Guihua Prefecture. As his illness worsened, Zong Gan asked if he had anything left to say. Zong Xiong said, "The great enterprise is won, our lord will live ten thousand years and pacify the four quarters—I can die without regret." He died in the sixth year of Tianfu (1122), at forty. Taizu came to visit him but arrived too late; he wept bitterly. He told his ministers, "In stratagem he had no peer, and in battle he was resolute—one seldom sees his like. His funeral honors were raised a grade. An edict ordered the united-meng'an chief Shi Jianu to escort the bier home; he was buried at Guihua, and a Buddhist temple was raised at the place of his death.
34
宗雄好學嗜書，嘗從上獵，誤中流矢，而神色不變，恐上知之而罪及射者。 既拔去其矢，托疾歸家，臥兩月，因學契丹大小字，盡通之。 凡金國初建，立法定制，皆與宗幹建白行焉。 及與遼議和，書詔契丹、漢字，宗雄與宗翰、希尹主其事。 而材武蹻捷，挽強射遠，幾三百步。 嘗走馬射三麞，已中其二，複彎弓，馬蹶，躍而下，控弦如故，遂彀滿步射獲之。 宗雄方逐兔，撻懶亦從後射之，已發矢，撻懶大呼曰：「矢及矣。」 宗雄反顧，以手接其矢，就射兔，中之，其輕健如此。
Zong Xiong loved books and study. Once on a hunt with the emperor he was hit by a stray arrow but did not change expression, fearing that if Taizu learned of it the archer would be punished. After pulling out the shaft he pleaded illness, went home, and lay abed two months—time he used to master both forms of Khitan script. In the founding of the Jin state he and Zong Gan proposed and carried out the laws and institutions. When peace with Liao was negotiated and edicts written in Khitan and Chinese, Zong Xiong worked with Zong Han and Xi Yin at the writing. In martial skill he was swift and strong: he could bend the heavy bow and shoot nearly three hundred paces. Once while cantering he shot at three roe deer and brought down two; as he bent the bow again his horse stumbled—he sprang down, drew as if nothing had happened, and on foot sent the third arrow home. Zong Xiong was chasing a hare when Tayan shot from behind; as the arrow flew Tayan shouted, "It's coming!" Zong Xiong glanced back, caught the arrow in his hand, then shot and hit the hare—such was his quickness.
35
天眷中，追封太師、齊國王。 天德二年，加秦漢國王。 正隆二年，改太傅、金源郡王。 大定二年，追封楚王，諡威敏，配享太祖廟廷。 十五年，詔圖像于衍慶宮。 子蒲魯虎、按荅海、阿鄰。 孫常春、胡里刺、胡刺、鶻魯、茶紮、怕八、訛出。
During Tianjuan (1138–1141) he was posthumously made Grand Preceptor and King of Qi. In the second year of Tiande (1150) he was advanced to King of Qin and Han. In the second year of Zhenglong (1157) his title became Grand Tutor, Prince of Jinyuan. In the second year of Dading (1162) he was posthumously made King of Chu with the temple name Weimin and granted a place in Taizu's ancestral hall. In the fifteenth year (1175) an edict ordered his portrait placed in Yanging Palace. His sons were Puluhu, An Dahai, and Alin. His grandsons included Changchun, Hulici, Huci, Gulü, Chazha, Paba, and Echu.
36
初，宗幹納宗雄妻，海陵銜之。 及篡位，使宿直將軍晁霞、牌印閭山往河間，囚宗雄妻于府署，明日，與其子婦及常春兄弟、茶紮之子七人皆殺而焚之，棄其骨于濠水。 大定十七年，詔有司收葬。
Earlier Zong Gan had taken Zong Xiong's widow, and Hailing never forgave it. When he seized the throne he sent the night-duty general Chao Xia and the seal keeper Lüshan to Hejian, where they imprisoned Zong Xiong's widow in the prefectural yamen; the next day she, her daughters-in-law, Changchun and his brothers, and Chazha's sons—seven in all—were killed and burned, and their bones thrown into the Hao River. In the seventeenth year of Dading (1177) an edict ordered proper burial for the remains.
37
初，蒲魯虎襲猛安。 蒲魯虎卒，贈金紫光祿大夫，子桓端襲之，官至金吾衛上將軍。 桓端卒，子嫋頻未襲而死。 章宗命宗雄孫蒲帶襲之。
Puluhu had first inherited the meng'an title. When Puluhu died he was posthumously made Jinzi Guanglu Grand Master; his son Huanduan inherited the post and rose to Grand General of the Golden Crow Guard. Huanduan's son Niaopin died before he could inherit. Zhangzong ordered Zong Xiong's grandson Pudai to inherit the title.
38
蒲帶，大定末，累官同簽大睦親府事。 章宗即位，初置九路提刑司，蒲帶為北京臨潢提刑使。 詔曰：「朕初即位，憂勞萬民，每念刑獄未平，農桑未勉，吏或不循法度，以隳吾治。 朝廷遣使廉問，事難周悉。 惟提刑勸農採訪之官，自古有之。 今分九路專設是職，爾其盡心，往懋乃事。」 自熙宗時，遣使廉問吏治得失。 世宗即位，凡數歲輒一遣黜陟之，故大定之間，郡縣吏皆奉法，百姓滋殖，號為小康。 或謂廉問使者，頗以愛憎立殿最，以問宰相。 宰相曰：「臣等複為陛下察之。」 是以世宗嘗欲立提刑司而未果。 章宗追述先朝，遂于即位之初行之。
Pudai held successive posts and by the end of Dading was co-signatory of the Grand Imperial Kinship office. When Zhangzong came to the throne he established the nine-route judicial commissioners; Pudai was made commissioner for Beijing (Linhuang). An edict read, "Since my accession I have worried for the people: prisons are not cleared, farming is neglected, and some officials ignore the law and undermine my rule. Court envoys on integrity missions cannot cover everything. Yet supervisory officers who encourage farming and gather intelligence have existed since antiquity. Now nine routes each have such a post—devote yourselves fully to the charge." Since Xizong's reign the court had sent envoys to assess officials. Shizong sent such missions every few years to promote or dismiss officers, so that under Dading local officials kept the law, the people prospered, and the age was called a modest peace. Some complained that integrity envoys ranked officials by personal liking; the emperor asked the chancellor. The chancellor answered, "We shall look into this again for Your Majesty." That is why Shizong had wished to create the judicial commission but did not succeed in his day. Zhangzong followed his forebears' intent and instituted it at the start of his reign.
39
及九路提刑使朝辭于慶和殿，上曰：「建立官制，當寬猛得中。 凡軍民事相涉者，均平決遣，鈐束家人部曲，勿使沮擾郡縣事。 今以司獄隸提刑司，惟翼獄犴無冤耳。」 既退，複遣近臣諭之曰：「卿等皆妙簡才良，付以專責，盡心舉職，別有旌賞，否則有罰。」 明年，蒲帶乃襲猛安雲。
When the nine route commissioners took leave at Qinghe Hall, the emperor said, "In building government, leniency and severity must be balanced. Where civil and military matters overlap, judge fairly; restrain your households and retainers so they do not interfere with local government. Prison affairs are now under your office—see only that no innocent languishes in the cells." After they withdrew he sent a close minister to add: "You were chosen for talent and given a special charge—serve faithfully and you will be rewarded; fail and you will be punished." The following year Pudai inherited the meng'an.
40
子阿鄰
Son: Alin
41
阿鄰，穎悟辯敏，通女直、契丹大小字及漢字。 幼時嘗入宮，熙宗見而奇之，曰：「是兒他日必能宣力國家。」 年十八，授定遠大將軍，為順天軍節度使。 天德二年，用廉，遷益都尹兼山東東路兵馬都總管，曆泰寧、定海、鎮西、安國等軍節度。
Alin was sharp-witted and eloquent, fluent in Jurchen, both Khitan scripts, and Chinese. As a boy he visited the palace; Xizong was impressed and said, "This boy will one day serve the state well." At eighteen he was made General Who Settles the Distance and military governor of the Shuntian army. In the second year of Tiande (1150), through the integrity process, he became prefect of Yidu and concurrent commander of Shandong Eastern Route forces, and later held governorships at Taining, Dinghai, Zhenxi, Anguo, and elsewhere.
42
海陵南伐，以為神勇、武平等軍都總管，由壽州道渡淮，與勸農使移刺元宜合兵三萬為先鋒。 是歲十月，至廬州，與宋將王權軍十余萬戰於柘皋鎮，渭子橋，敗之。 至和州南，複與王權軍八萬餘會戰，又敗之，追殺至江上，斬首數千級。
In Hailing's southern campaign he commanded the Shenyong and Wuping armies, crossed the Huai by the Shouzhou route, and with the farming commissioner Yila Yuanyi led thirty thousand men as the vanguard. That October he reached Luzhou and at Zhegao and Weizi Bridge defeated Song general Wang Quan's army of more than a hundred thousand. South of Hezhou he met Wang Quan's eighty thousand again, routed them, and chased them to the river, taking several thousand heads.
43
子按荅海
Son: An Dahai
44
按荅海，又名阿魯綰，宗雄次子也。 性端重，不輕發，有父之風。 年十五，太祖賜以一品傘。 二十餘，禦球場分朋擊球，連勝三算，宗工舊老鹹異之。 進呈所勝禮物，按荅海為班首，太宗喜曰：「今日之勝，此孫之力也。」 賞力獨厚。
An Dahai, also called Aluqian, was Zong Xiong's second son. He was steady and reserved, with his father's bearing. At fifteen Taizu granted him a first-rank ceremonial umbrella. In his twenties, at a palace cuju match he won three bouts in a row and impressed the founding-generation elders. When the winners presented their gifts An Dahai led the team; Taizong said with pleasure, "Today's victory is this grandson's doing." His reward alone was especially generous.
45
天眷二年，襲父猛安。 除大宗正丞，以猛安讓兄子喚端，加武定軍節度使，奉朝請。 改侍衛親軍都指揮使，封金源郡王，進封譚王，遷同判大宗正事，別授世襲猛安。
In the second year of Tianjuan (1139) he inherited his father's meng'an. He was made vice director of the Grand Imperial Clan, yielded the meng'an to his brother's son Huanduan, and was promoted to military governor of Wuding with court attendance. He became commander of the Palace Guard, was made Prince of Jinyuan and then Prince of Tan, served as co-director of the Grand Imperial Clan, and received a separate hereditary meng'an.
46
海陵將遷中都，按荅海諫曰：「棄祖宗興王之地而他徙，非義也。」 海陵不悅，留之上京。 久之，進封鄆王，改封魏王，除濟南尹。 按荅海不堪卑濕，多在病告，海陵聞之，改西京留守。 正隆例奪王爵，改廣甯尹。
When Hailing planned to move the capital to Zhongdu, An Dahai remonstrated: "To abandon the land where our forefathers raised the dynasty is not right." Hailing took offense and kept him at the Supreme Capital. In time he was advanced to Prince of Yan, then Prince of Wei, and made prefect of Jinan. An Dahai could not endure Jinan's damp climate and was often on sick leave; when Hailing heard, he made him defender of the Western Capital. Under the Zhenglong purge of princes he lost his royal title and became prefect of Guangning.
47
海陵時，自上京徙河間，土瘠，詔按荅海一族二十五家，從便遷居近地，乃徙平州。 詔給平州官田三百頃，屋三百間，宗州官田一百頃。 進金源郡王，致仕。
Under Hailing, when the clan was moved from the Supreme Capital to Hejian the land proved barren; an edict let An Dahai's twenty-five households relocate as they chose, and they settled in Pingzhou. The court granted them three hundred qing of public land at Pingzhou, three hundred dwellings, and a hundred qing at Zongzhou. He was re-made Prince of Jinyuan and retired.
48
大定八年，召見，上曰：「宗室耆老如卿者，能幾人邪。」 賜錢萬貫，甲第一區，留京師，使預巡幸球獵宴會。 十四年，薨，年六十七。 臨終，戒諸子曰：「汝輩勿以生富貴中而為暴戾，宜自謙退。 海陵以猜忌剪滅宗室，我以純謹得免死耳。 汝輩惟日為善，勿墜吾家。」
In the eighth year of Dading (1168) he was summoned; the emperor said, "How many clan elders like you are left?" He received ten thousand strings of cash and a mansion in the capital, and was invited to the emperor's tours, hunts, cuju matches, and banquets. He died in the fourteenth year (1174), at sixty-seven. On his deathbed he warned his sons, "Do not grow arrogant because you were born to wealth and rank—stay humble. Hailing destroyed the clan through suspicion; I survived only by circumspection. Do good every day and do not disgrace our house."
49
完顏希尹本名穀神，歡都之子也。 自太祖舉兵，常在行陣，或從太祖、或從撒改，或與諸將征伐，比有功。
Wanyan Xi Yin, whose original name was Gushen, was the son of Huandu. From Taizu's first campaigns he was always in the field—with Taizu, with Sagai, or with the other generals—and won distinction again and again.
50
金人初無文字，國勢日強，與鄰國交好，乃用契丹字。 太祖命希尹撰本國字，備制度。 希尹乃依仿漢人楷字，因契丹字制度，合本國語，制女直字。 天輔三年八月，字書成，太祖大悅，命頒行之。 賜希尹馬一匹、衣一襲。 其後熙宗亦制女直字，與希尹所制字俱行用。 希尹所撰謂之女直大字，熙宗所撰謂之小字。
The Jin at first had no writing of their own; as the state grew stronger and exchanged envoys with its neighbors, they adopted the Khitan script. Taizu ordered Xi Yin to create a script for the Jin state and put government institutions on a written footing. He took Han regular characters as a model, adapted the structure of the Khitan script, and fitted it to the Jurchen language to devise Jurchen writing. In the eighth month of the third year of Tianfu (1119) the primer was finished; Taizu was delighted and ordered it issued throughout the realm. Xi Yin was rewarded with a horse and a suit of robes. Later Emperor Xizong devised a Jurchen script as well, and both his and Xi Yin's systems came into use. Xi Yin's creation was known as the "large" Jurchen script and Xizong's as the "small" script.
51
遼人迪六、和尚、雅里斯充中京走，希尹與迪古乃、婁室、餘睹襲之。 迪六等聞希尹兵，複走。 遂降其旁近人民而還。 奚人落虎來降，希尹使落虎招其父西節度使訛里刺。 訛里刺以本部降。
When Di Liu, Heshang, and Yalisi of Liao fled the Central Capital, Xi Yin joined Digunai, Wushu, and Yudu in pursuit. At news of Xi Yin's approach they fled once more. They then secured the submission of the neighboring populace and withdrew. When the Xi tribesman Luohu surrendered, Xi Yin sent him to win over his father Elili, military commissioner of the west. Elili submitted with his entire command.
52
宗翰駐軍北安，使希尹經略近地，獲遼護衛耶律習泥烈，知遼主獵於鴛鴦濼。 宗翰遂請進兵。 宗翰將會都統杲于奚王嶺。 遼兵屯古北口。 使婆盧火將兵二百擊之，渾黜亦將二百人為後援。 渾黜聞遼兵眾，請益兵。 宗翰欲親往，希尹、婁室曰：「此小寇，請以千兵為公破之。」 渾黜至古北口，遇遼遊兵，逐之入穀中。 遼步騎萬余迫戰，死者數人。 渾黜據關口，希尹等至，大破遼兵，斬馘甚眾，盡獲甲胄輜重。 複敗其伏兵，殺千餘人，獲馬百餘匹。 遂與宗翰至奚王嶺，期會於羊城濼。
Zong Han encamped at Bei'an and sent Xi Yin to secure the surrounding country; from a captured Liao guard, Yelü Xini Lie, he learned that the Liao emperor was hunting at Yuanyang Marsh. Zong Han thereupon asked leave to press the attack. Zong Han was to join Commander-in-Chief Gao at Prince of Xi's Ridge. Liao forces held Gubeikou. He dispatched Poluhuo with two hundred men to strike them, with Hunchu and another two hundred in support. Hunchu, finding the Liao force large, asked for reinforcements. When Zong Han meant to lead the assault himself, Xi Yin and Wushu said, "This is a trifling enemy—give us a thousand men and we will rout them for you." Hunchu reached Gubeikou, clashed with Liao scouts, and drove them into a defile. Over ten thousand Liao foot and horse pressed the fight; a few Jin soldiers fell. Hunchu held the pass until Xi Yin came up; together they shattered the Liao army, took many heads, and captured armor and wagons in full. They then broke an ambush, killing more than a thousand and taking over a hundred horses. They rejoined Zong Han at Prince of Xi's Ridge and arranged to meet at Yangcheng Marsh.
53
宗翰襲遼帝于五院司，希尹為前驅，所將才八騎，與遼主戰，一日三敗之。 明日，希尹得降人麻哲，言遼主在漠，委輜重，獎奔西京。 幾及遼主于白水濼南。 遼主以輕騎遁去。 盡獲其內庫寶物，遂至西京。 西京降，使蒲察守之。 希尹至乙室部，不及遼主而還。 及宗翰入朝，希尹權西南、西北兩路都統。
When Zong Han struck the Liao emperor at the Five Divisions office, Xi Yin rode ahead with only eight companions and, clashing with the Liao ruler, routed him three times in a single day. Next day a defector named Mazhe told him the Liao emperor was in the open country, had cast off his train, and was racing for the Western Capital. He nearly overtook the Liao emperor south of Baishui Marsh. The Liao emperor slipped away on a light escort. They took the entire inner treasury and marched on to the Western Capital. When the Western Capital submitted, he left Pucha to hold it. Xi Yin pushed into the Yishi lands, but unable to catch the Liao emperor, turned back. While Zong Han was at court, Xi Yin served as acting commander-in-chief of the southwest and northwest circuits.
54
是時，夏人已受盟，遼主已獲，耶律大石自立，而夏國與婁室書責諸帥棄盟，軍入其境，多掠取者。 希尹上其書，且奏曰：「聞夏使人約大石取山西諸郡，以臣觀之，夏盟不可信也。」 上曰：「夏事酌宜行之。 軍入其境，不知信與否也。 大石合謀，不可不察，其嚴備之。」
By then the Western Xia had sworn alliance and the Liao emperor was captive; Yelü Dashi had set himself up as ruler, yet Xia wrote Wushu to reproach the Jin commanders for breaking faith—Jin columns were crossing the border and seizing goods at will. Xi Yin forwarded the letter and memorialized: "I hear Xia envoys have agreed with Dashi to recover the Shanxi prefectures; in my judgment the Xia pact is not to be trusted." The emperor replied, "Deal with Xia as circumstances require. Once our armies cross their border, who can say whether they will keep faith? Dashi's designs must be watched; make your defenses strict."
55
及大舉伐宋，希尹為元帥右監軍。 再伐宋，執二主以歸。 師還，賜希尹鐵券，除常赦不原之罪，餘釋不問。 宗翰伐康王，希尹追之于揚州，康王遁去。 後與宗翰俱朝京師，請立熙宗為儲嗣，太宗遂以熙宗為諳班勃極烈。
On the great expedition against Song, Xi Yin served as right supervisory commissioner on the commander's staff. On the second invasion of Song they returned with both Song emperors as prisoners. After the campaign he received an iron certificate pardoning all offenses save those never remitted by amnesty; lesser faults were passed over. When Zong Han moved against Prince Kang, Xi Yin chased him to Yangzhou, but the prince escaped. Later he and Zong Han both attended court and urged that Xizong be named heir; Taizong then made Xizong an-ban bojilie.
56
皇統三年，上知希尹實無他心，而死非其罪，贈希尹儀同三司、邢國公，改葬之，蕭慶銀青光祿大夫。 天德三年，追封豫王。 正隆二年，例降金源郡王。 大定十五年，諡貞憲。 孫守道、守貞、守能。 守道自有傳。
In the third year of Huangtong (1143) the throne acknowledged that Xi Yin had harbored no disloyalty and had died unjustly; he was posthumously made Master of Palace Attendants and Duke of Xing and given a new burial, and Xiao Qing was made Grand Master of Splendid Happiness with Golden Seal and Blue Ribbon. In the third year of Tiande (1151) he was posthumously enfeoffed as Prince of Yu. In the second year of Zhenglong (1157), under the general demotion of princes, he was reduced to Prince of Jinyuan Commandery. In the fifteenth year of Dading (1175) his posthumous title was Zhenxian. His grandsons were Shoudao, Shouzhen, and Shou Neng. Shoudao has a separate biography.
57
孫守貞
Grandson: Shouzhen
58
守貞本名左靨，貞元二年，襲祖穀神謀克。 大定改元，收充符寶祗候，授通進，除彰德軍節度副使，遷北京留守，移上京。 坐安置契丹戶民部內娶妻，杖一百，除名。 二十五年，起為西京警巡使。 世宗愛其剛直，授中都左警巡使，遷大興府治中，進同知，改同知西京留守事。 禦史台奏守貞治有善狀，世宗因謂侍臣曰：「守貞勳臣子，又有材能，全勝其兄守道，它日可用也。」
Shouzhen, whose original name was Zuoye, in the second year of Zhenyuan (1195) inherited his grandfather's Gushen meng'an. When Dading gave way to a new reign, he entered the insignia service, became a Tongjin officer, was made vice military governor of Zhangde, then defender of the Northern Capital, and finally was posted to the Supreme Capital. He was convicted of marrying within the bureau that resettled Khitan households, flogged a hundred strokes, and dismissed. In the twenty-fifth year (1185) he was recalled as chief patrol officer of the Western Capital. Shizong admired his blunt integrity and appointed him left chief patrol officer of the Central Capital, then executive of Daxing prefecture, co-director, and finally co-director of the Western Capital administration. When the Censorate reported his good record, Shizong told his attendants, "Shouzhen is a minister's son with real ability—better in every way than his brother Shoudao; we shall have use for him yet."
59
章宗即位，召為刑部尚書，兼右諫議大夫。 守貞與修起居注張暐奏言：「唐中書門下入閤，諫官隨之，欲其預聞政事，有所開說。 又起居郎、起居舍人，每皇帝視朝，左右對立，有命則臨階俯聽，退而書之，以為起居注。 緣侍從官每遇視朝，正合侍立。 自來左司上殿，諫官、修起居注不避，或侍從官除授及議便遣，始令避之。 比來一例令臣等回避，及香閤奏陳言文字，亦不令臣等侍立。 則凡有聖訓及所議政事，臣等無緣得知，何所記錄，何所開說，似非本設官之義。 若漏泄政事，自有不密罪。」 上從之。 尋為賀宋生日使，還拜參知政事。 時上新即政，頗銳意於治，嘗問漢宣帝綜核名實之道，其施行之實果何如。 守貞誦「樞機周密，品式詳備」以對，上曰：「行之果何始？」 守貞曰：「在陛下厲精無倦耳。」 久之，進尚書左丞，授上京世襲謀克。
At Zhangzong's accession he was called up as Minister of Punishments and concurrent Right Remonstrator. Shouzhen and Zhang Wei, editor of the Veritable Records, submitted: "Under the Tang, when the Secretariat entered the inner court, remonstrators went with them so they might hear policy in advance and speak up. The attendance masters and clerks likewise stood to either side at every audience; when the emperor spoke they listened from the steps and afterward set it down in the record. Attendants at court are meant to stand by during audiences. Formerly, when the Left Office attended the throne, remonstrators and record-keepers did not withdraw; withdrawal was ordered only for appointments among attendants or for discussion of special commissions. Lately we are sent away without distinction, and when documents are read in the incense pavilion we are not permitted to remain. If we cannot hear the emperor's words or the business debated, what can we record or remonstrate upon? That defeats the reason these posts exist. Leaks of state business carry their own penalty for breach of secrecy." The emperor approved. He was soon sent to congratulate the Song emperor's birthday, and on his return was made Participant in Government. The young emperor was eager to govern and once asked how Emperor Xuandi of Han had matched names to deeds in practice. Shouzhen answered with the phrase "machinery close-woven, standards detailed and complete"; the emperor said, "But where does execution truly begin?" Shouzhen said, "In Your Majesty's unwearying effort alone." In time he was promoted to Left Vice Director of the Department of State Affairs and given the hereditary meng'an at the Supreme Capital.
60
明昌三年夏，旱，天子下詔罪己。 守貞惶恐，表乞解職。 詔曰：「天牆時雨，薦歲為災，所以警懼不逮。 方與二三輔弼圖回遺闕，宜思有以助朕修政。 上答天戒，消沴召和，以康百姓。 卿達機務，朕所親倚，而引咎求去，其如思助何。」 守貞懇辭，乃出知東平府事。 命參知政事夾穀衡諭之曰：「卿勳臣之裔，早登潆無仕，才用聲績，朕所素知。 故嗣位之初，擢任政府，於今數載，毗贊實多。 既久任繁劇，宜均適逸安，矧內外之職，亦當更治，今特授卿是命。 東平素號雄籓，兼比年饑歉，正賴經畫，卿其為朕往綏撫之。」 仍賜金幣、廄馬，以寵其行。 它日，上問宰臣：「守貞治東平如何？」 對曰：「亦不勞力。」 上曰：「以彼之才，治一路誠有餘矣。」 右丞劉瑋曰：「方今人材無出守貞者，淹留於外，誠可惜也。」 上默然。 尋改西京留守。
In the summer of the third year of Mingchang (1192) drought struck, and the emperor published a self-reproach. Shouzhen, shaken, asked to be relieved of office. The edict read: "Heaven withholds seasonable rain and harvests fail year after year, to warn Us that Our rule still falls short. We are consulting chief ministers to mend what is lacking; you should find ways to help Us improve governance. Answer heaven's warning, dispel disaster, restore harmony, and bring ease to the people. You understand the machinery of state on which We rely, yet you take blame upon yourself and ask to go—how does that help Us seek remedy?" When Shouzhen pressed his resignation, he was sent out to administer Dongping. The court charged Jiagu Heng to tell him: "You are born of a house that served the founding, you rose early in office, and your ability and standing are well known to Us. At Our accession We placed you in the central government, and for years your counsel has been of real weight. Long service at the center has been taxing; it is right that you find ease, and that inner and outer offices alike see change—hence this new commission. Dongping is a great strategic prefecture, and famine has worn it thin—go there and settle it on Our behalf." He was further given gold, silks, and horses from the imperial stables to mark his going. On another day the emperor asked his chief ministers, "How is Shouzhen doing at Dongping?" They answered, "He does not strain himself." The emperor said, "For a man of his gifts, one circuit is an easy charge." Liu Wei, the right vice director, added, "There is no talent today above Shouzhen's; it is a pity to leave him in the provinces." The emperor said nothing. Before long he was made defender of the Western Capital.
61
監察禦史蒲刺都劾奏守貞前宴賜北部有取受事，不報。 右拾遺路鐸上章辯之。 四年，召拜平章政事，封蕭國公。 上禦後閤，召守貞曰：「朕以卿乃太師所舉，故特加委用。 然比者行事多太過，門下人少慎擇，複與丞相不協，以是令卿補外。 載念我昭祖、太祖開創以來，乃祖佐命，積有勳勞，茲故召用。 卿其勉盡乃心，與丞相議事宜相和諧，率循舊章，無輕改革。」 因賜玉帶，並以蒲刺都所彈事與之，曰：「朕度卿必不爾，故以示卿。」
Supervising censor Puladu accused Shouzhen of taking gifts when he feasted and rewarded the northern tribes; the memorial went unanswered. Lu Duo, Right Reminder, memorialized in his defense. In the fourth year (1193) he was recalled as Grand Councilor and enfeoffed Duke of Xiao. Receiving him in the rear hall, the emperor said, "I gave you unusual trust because the Grand Preceptor commended you. But of late you have overreached, chosen your staff rashly, and quarreled with the chief councilor—that is why I sent you away. Yet remembering that since Zhaozu and Taizu raised the dynasty your ancestors helped establish it and earned great merit, We summon you again. Give your whole mind to service; work in harmony with the chief councilor, keep to established rules, and do not reform them lightly." He bestowed a jade belt and handed him Puladu's memorial, saying, "I was sure you had not done this; I show it so you may see what was said."
62
舊制，監宗禦史凡八員，漢人四員皆進士，而女直四員則文資右職參注。 守貞曰：「監察乃清要之職，流品自異，俱宜一體純用進士。」 一日奏事次，上問司吏移轉事。 守貞曰：「今吏權重而積弊深，移轉為便。」 上嘗歎文士卒無如党懷英者，守貞奏進士中若趙渢、王庭筠甚有時譽。 上曰：「出倫者難得耳。」 守貞曰：「間世之才，自古所難。 然國家培養久，則人材將自出矣。」 守貞因言：「國家選舉之法，惟女直、漢人進士得人居多，此舉更宜增取。 其諸司局承應人舊無出身，大定後才許敘使。 經童之科，古不常設，唐以諸道表薦，或取五人至十人。 近代以為無補，罷之。 本朝皇統間，取及五十人，因為常選。 天德間，尋以停罷。 陛下即位，複立是科，朝廷寬大，放及百數，誠恐積久不勝銓擬。 宜稍裁減，以清流品。」 又言節用省費之道，並嘉納焉。
Under the old system there were eight supervising censors: the four Han seats went to jinshi, while the four Jurchen seats were filled from civil appointees of right-office rank. Shouzhen argued: "The censorate is a pure, eminent office with its own grade; both branches should alike recruit only jinshi." On another day, during business at court, the emperor asked about rotating clerks in the ministries. Shouzhen said, "Clerks now wield too much power and abuses are entrenched; rotation would help." The emperor once lamented that no civil official equaled Dang Huaiying; Shouzhen named Zhao Feng and Wang Tingjian among the jinshi as men of wide esteem. The emperor said, "Truly outstanding men are hard to find." Shouzhen said, "Men of once-in-an-age talent have always been rare. But if the state nurtures men over time, talent will appear on its own." Shouzhen added, "In our selection system, Jurchen and Han jinshi supply the best men; this examination should admit more. Bureau attendants once had no formal pedigree; only after Dading could they receive regular appointments. The juvenile classics examination was not a standing institution in antiquity; the Tang relied on provincial recommendations, taking anywhere from five to ten. Later ages judged it useless and abolished it. In our dynasty under Huangtong, fifty were admitted and it became a regular examination. Under Tiande it was soon discontinued. When Your Majesty acceded, the examination was restored; the court has been liberal and admitted on the order of a hundred—I fear that in time the personnel office cannot keep up. It should be cut back somewhat to preserve the purity of rank." He also spoke on thrift and saving expense; the emperor approved everything.
63
先是，鄭王允蹈等伏誅，上以其家產均給諸王，戶部郎中李敬義言恐因之生事，上又以董壽為宮籍監都管勾，並下尚書省議。 守貞奏：「陛下欲以允蹈等家產分賜懿親，恩命已出，恐不可改。 今已減諸王弓矢，府慰司其出入，臣以為賜之無害。 如董壽罪人也，特恩釋之，已為幸矣，不宜更加爵賞。」 上是守貞所言。
Earlier, Prince of Zheng Yuntao and others were put to death; the emperor divided their estates among the princes; Li Jingyi of the Revenue Section warned that trouble might follow; the emperor also appointed Dong Shou superintendent of the palace registry—all were sent to the Ministry for deliberation. Shouzhen submitted: "Your Majesty means to divide Yuntao's estate among the imperial kin; the gracious order has already been issued and likely cannot be changed. The princes' bows and arrows have already been reduced and the princely residence office oversees their movements—I believe the gift does no harm. Dong Shou is a convicted man; special grace already spared him—that is fortune enough—and he should not receive further rank or reward." The emperor accepted Shouzhen's advice.
64
自明昌初，北邊屢有警，或請出兵擊之。 上曰：「今方南議塞河，而複用兵於北，可乎？ 守貞曰：「彼屢突軼吾圉，今一懲之，後當不復來，明年可以見矣。」 上因論守禦之法。 守貞曰：「惟有皇統以前故事，舍此無法耳。」
From the beginning of Mingchang the northern frontier was repeatedly alarmed, and some urged sending troops to attack. The emperor said, "We are just debating the southern dike in the south—can we also commit forces in the north? Shouzhen said, "They have repeatedly raided our borders; punish them once and they should not return—we shall know next year." The emperor then discussed frontier defense. Shouzhen said, "Only the precedents from before Huangtong—beyond that there is no method."
65
先是，上以疑忌誅鄭王允蹈，後張汝弼妻高陀斡獄起，意又若在鎬王允中。 時右諫議大夫賈守謙上疏陳時事，思有以寬解上意。 右拾遺路鐸繼之，言尤切直。 帝不悅。 守貞持其事，獄久不決。 帝疑有黨，乃出守貞知濟南府事，仍命即辭，前舉守貞者董師中、路鐸等皆補外，上語宰臣曰：「守貞固有才力，至其讀書，方之真儒則未也。 然太邀權譽，以彼之才而能平心守正，朝廷豈可少離。 今茲令出，蓋思之熟矣。」 俄以在政府日嘗與近侍竊語宮掖事，而妄稱奏下，上命有司鞫問，守貞款伏，奪官一階，解職。 遣中使持詔責諭之曰：「挾奸罔上，古有常刑，結援養交，臣之大戒。 孰謂予相，乃蹈厥辜。 爾本出勳門，浸登膴仕。 朕初嗣位，亟欲用卿。 未閱歲時，升為宰輔，每期納誨，共致太平。 蓋求所長，不考其素，拔擢不為不峻，任用不為不專。 曾報效之綽思，輒私權之自樹，交通近侍，密問起居，窺測上心，預圖趨向。 繇患失之心重，故欺君之罪彰，指所無之事而妄以肆誣，實未始有言而謂之嘗諫。 義豈知於歸美，意專在於要君。 其飾詐之若然，豈為臣之當耳。 複觀彈奏，益見私情，求親識之援而列布宮中，縱罪廢之余而出入門下。 而又凡有官使，斂為己恩，謂皆涉於回邪，不宜任之中外。 質之清議，固所不容，揆之乃心，烏得無愧。 姑從輕典，庸示蒲懲。」 仍以守貞不公事，宣諭百官於尚書省。
Earlier the emperor executed Prince of Zheng Yuntao on suspicion; later the case of Zhang Rubi's wife Gaotuo'er arose, and his suspicions again seemed to fall on Prince of Hao Yunzhong. At the time Right Remonstrator Jia Shouqian memorialized on current affairs, hoping to relieve the emperor's mind. Right Compiler Lu Duo followed with words especially blunt. The emperor was displeased. Shouzhen held the case, and the trial dragged on without resolution. Suspecting a clique, the emperor sent Shouzhen to administer Jinan and ordered him to leave at once; those who had recommended him—Dong Shizhong, Lu Duo, and others—were all sent to provincial posts; he told his chief ministers, "Shouzhen has real ability, but in learning he does not measure up to true Confucians. Yet he courts reputation too eagerly; with his talent, if he could keep an even mind and hold to what is right, the court could hardly do without him. This order now issued—I have thought it through." Soon, because while in government he had privately discussed palace affairs with close attendants and falsely claimed he had memorialized, the emperor ordered an inquiry; Shouzhen confessed fully, was stripped of one rank, and dismissed. An imperial envoy bore an edict of reproof: "To harbour treachery and deceive the sovereign—antiquity had fixed punishments for that; to court allies and cultivate connections is the great taboo of ministers. Who would have thought Our minister would commit such crimes? You came from a house of merit and gradually rose to comfortable office. When We first succeeded to the throne, We urgently wished to use you. Before a year had passed you rose to chief councilor; We expected your remonstrance and hoped to achieve peace together. We sought your strengths without examining your character; your promotion was not shallow, nor Our trust stinted. You once pledged broad service, yet you promptly built private power, trafficked with close attendants, secretly inquired after Our wellbeing, probed Our mind, and schemed ahead for favour. Because fear of losing office weighed so heavily, your crime of deceiving the sovereign stood clear: you pointed at things that never were and recklessly slandered; there had in truth been no remonstrance, yet you claimed you had spoken. How could righteousness know returning praise to the throne? Your intent lay solely in coercing the sovereign. To dress fraud as truth—is that what a minister should do? Reviewing further accusations, your private designs showed clearer still: you sought allies among acquaintances and placed them in the palace, and let men stripped of office and ruined pass through your gate. Moreover, whenever there was an imperial envoy you gathered the credit to yourself, alleging that all were tainted with evil and unfit for office at court or in the provinces. Put to honest public opinion you could not be tolerated; weighed against your own heart, how could you not be ashamed? For now We apply the lighter statute, merely to show a token punishment." The matter of Shouzhen's misconduct was also proclaimed to all officials at the Ministry.
66
承安元年，降授河中防禦使。 五年，改部羅火紮石合節度使。 過闕，上賜手詔責諭之，令赴職。 久之，遷知都府事。 時南鄙用兵，上以山東重地，須大臣安撫，乃移知濟南府，卒。 上聞而悼之。 敕有司致祭，賻贈禮物依故平章政事蒲察通例。 諡曰肅。
In the first year of Cheng'an (1196) he was demoted to Defender of Hedong. In the fifth year (1200) he was made military governor of the Buluohuo Zha'shihe alliance. When he passed the capital, the emperor bestowed a handwritten edict of reproof and ordered him to take up his post. After a long interval he was transferred to administer the Supreme Capital. War was then raging on the southern frontier; Shandong being a vital region, a great minister was needed to pacify it—he was transferred to administer Jinan and died there. When the emperor heard, he mourned him. He ordered the offices to perform funeral rites and condolence gifts by the precedent of the late Chief Councilor Pucha Tong. His posthumous title was Su.
67
守貞剛直明亮，凡朝廷論議及上有所問，皆傳經以對。 上嘗與泛論人材，守貞乃跡其心術行事，臧否無少隱，故為胥持國輩所忌，竟以直罷。 後趙秉文由外官入翰林，遽上書言：「願陛下進君子退小人。」 上問君子小人謂誰。」 秉文對：「君子故相完顏守貞，小人今參知政事胥持國。」 其為天下推重如此。
Shouzhen was upright and forthright; in all court deliberation and whenever the emperor questioned him, he answered by citing the classics. Once when the emperor broadly discussed talent, Shouzhen traced men's motives and conduct, praising or blaming without concealment; Xu Chiguo and his like resented him, and he was dismissed in the end for his bluntness. Later Zhao Bingwen entered the Hanlin from a provincial post and at once memorialized: "May Your Majesty advance gentlemen and dismiss petty men." The emperor asked whom he meant by gentlemen and petty men. Bingwen answered, "The gentleman is former Chief Councilor Wanyan Shouzhen; the petty man is today's Vice Councilor Xu Chiguo." Thus was he esteemed throughout the realm.
68
孫守能
Grandson: Shou Neng
69
守能本名胡刺，累官商州刺史。 正隆末，宋人陷商州，守能被執。 大定五年，宋人請和，誓書曰：「俘虜之人，盡數發還。」 完顏仲為報問國信使，求守能及新息縣令完顏按辰于宋，遂與俱歸。 守能等至京師，入見，詔給舊官之俸。
Shou Neng, whose original name was Huci, rose through offices to governor of Shangzhou. Near the end of Zhenglong the Song captured Shangzhou and Shou Neng was taken prisoner. In the fifth year of Dading (1165) the Song sued for peace; the oath read, "All captives shall be returned in full." Wanyan Zhong, as returning envoy, requested Shou Neng and Xinxi magistrate Wanyan An'chen from the Song, and they returned together. When Shou Neng and the others reached the capital and were received in audience, an edict restored their former salaries.
70
大定十九年，為西北路招討使。 是時，詔徙窩斡餘黨於臨潢、泰州。 押刺民列嘗從窩斡，其弟閘敵也當徙，偽稱身亡，以馬賂守能，固匿不遣。 及受賕補賽也蕃部通事，事覺。 是時，烏古里石壘部族節度副使奚沙阿補杖殺無罪鎮邊猛安，尚書省俱奏其事。 上曰：「守能由刺史超擢至此，敢恣貪墨。 向者招討司官多進良馬、橐駝、鷹鶻等物，蓋假此以率斂爾，自今並罷之。」 因責其兄守道曰：「守能自刺史躐遷招討，外官之尊，無以逾此。 前招討哲典以貪墨伏誅，守能豈不知，乃敢如此，其意安在。 爾之親弟，何不先訓戒之也。」 上謂宰臣曰：「監察專任糾彈。 宗州節度使阿思懣初之官，途中侵擾百姓，到官舉動皆違法度。 完顏守能為招討使，貪冒狼籍。 凡達官貴人，皆未嘗舉劾。 斡睹只群牧副使僕散那也取部人球杖兩枝，即便彈奏。 自今，監察禦史職事修舉，然後遷除。 不舉職者，大則降罰，小則決責，仍不得去職。」 尚書省奏，守能兩贓俱不至五十貫，抵罪。 奚沙阿補解見居官，並解世襲謀克。 上曰：「此舊制之誤。 居官犯除名者，與世襲並罷之，非犯除名者勿罷。」 遂著於令。 特詔守能杖二百，除名。
In the nineteenth year of Dading (1179) he became commissioner to pacify the Northwest Circuit. At that time an edict moved the remnants of Waqra's faction to Linhuang and Taizhou. Yamin of the Bila tribe had once followed Waqra; his brother Zhadie'ye was due for resettlement but falsely claimed to have died, bribed Shou Neng with horses, and was deliberately hidden and not sent away. He also took bribes to appoint Saiye as tribal interpreter for the Fan department—the matter came to light. At the same time Xi Sha'abu, vice military governor of the Wuguli Shilei tribal command, flogged to death an innocent frontier meng'an; the Ministry memorialized both cases together. The emperor said, "Shou Neng was promoted in one leap from governor to this post, yet he dares to indulge in corruption. Formerly pacification commissioners often presented fine horses, camels, hawks, and falcons—surely using these to extort; from now on all of that is abolished." He then reproached his brother Shoudao: "Shou Neng vaulted from governor to pacification commissioner—the honour among provincial posts cannot exceed this. The former commissioner Zhedian was executed for corruption—how could Shou Neng not know? Yet he dares this—what is his intent? He is your own younger brother—why did you not warn him beforehand?" He told his chief ministers, "Supervising censors exist solely to impeach. When Ashen first took office as military governor of Zongzhou, he harassed the people along the way; once in office every act violated the law. Wanyan Shou Neng as pacification commissioner was greedy and lawless. Yet for all high officials and nobles, none had ever been impeached. Wuduzhi deputy herds master Pusan Naye took two ball-sticks from his tribesmen and was impeached at once. From now on, supervising censors shall be promoted only after they have properly performed their duties. Those who fail in duty shall, in serious cases, be demoted and penalized, in minor cases flogged, and in neither case may they leave their posts." The Ministry reported that Shou Neng's two bribes each fell short of fifty strings and that he was liable under law. Xi Sha'abu was dismissed from his current post and stripped of hereditary meng'an. The emperor said, "This is an error in the old regulation. Those dismissed from office for crimes meriting expulsion shall lose hereditary meng'an together; those not expelled for such crimes should not lose it." This was then written into statute. By special edict Shou Neng was flogged two hundred strokes and expelled from office.
71
贊曰：阿離合懣之善頌，宗雄之強識，希尹之敏學，益之以征伐之功，豈不偉哉。
Appraisal: Ali Hemen's gift for praise, Zong Xiong's strong memory, Xi Yin's quick learning—with the merit of campaigns added, are they not grand?