1
列傳第十四○太宗諸子宗磐 (本名蒲魯虎) 宗固 (本名胡魯) 宗本 (本名阿魯，附:蕭玉) 杲本名斜也子:宗義 (本名孛吉) 阿虎里宗幹本名斡本子:充 (本名神土懣子:檀奴永元 (本名元奴)) 兗 (本名梧桐) 襄 (本名永慶) 袞 (本名蒲甲)
Biography 14: The Sons of Emperor Taizong — Zong Pan (born Puluhu) Zong Gu (born Hulu) Zong Ben (born Alu; with appendix on Xiao Yu) Gao (born Xieye); son: Zongyi (born Beiji) A Huli; Zong Gan (born Woben); son: Chong (born Shentumen; sons: Tannu and Yongyuan (born Yuannu) Yan (born Wutong) Xiang (born Yongqing) Gun (born Pujia)
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1.3.1蕭玉 (附)
1.3.1 Xiao Yu (appendix)
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3.1.1子永元
3.1.1 Son Yongyuan
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太宗諸子
The Sons of Emperor Taizong
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太宗子十四人：蒲魯虎、胡魯、斛魯補、阿魯帶、阿魯補、斛沙虎、阿鄰、阿魯、鶻懶、胡里甲、神土門、斛孛束、斡烈、鶻沙。
Emperor Taizong fathered fourteen sons: Puluhu, Hulu, Hulubu, Aludai, Alubu, Hushahu, Alin, Alu, Gulian, Hulijia, Shentumen, Hubosu, Wolie, and Gusha.
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熙宗優禮宗室，宗翰沒後，宗磐日益跋扈。 嘗與宗幹爭論於上前，即上表求退。 烏野奏曰：「陛下富於春秋，而大臣不協，恐非國家之福。」 熙宗因為兩解。 宗磐愈驕恣。 其後于熙宗前持馬向宗幹，都點檢蕭仲恭呵止之。
Emperor Xizong showed the imperial clan generous favor. After Zong Han's death, Zong Pan grew increasingly arrogant and domineering. He once quarreled with Zong Gan in the emperor's presence and immediately submitted a memorial asking to withdraw from office. Wuye submitted a memorial: "Your Majesty is still young, yet your chief ministers are at odds. That bodes ill for the realm." The emperor then mediated between them. Zong Pan grew only more arrogant and unrestrained. Later, before the emperor he raised his riding crop against Zong Gan; the chief inspector Xiao Zhonggong rebuked him and made him stop.
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既而左副元帥撻懶、東京留守宗雋入朝，宗磐陰相黨與，而宗雋遂為右丞相，用事。 撻懶屬尊，功多，先薦劉豫，立為齊帝，至是唱議以河南、陝西與宋，使稱臣。 熙宗命群臣議，宗室大臣言其不可。 宗磐、宗雋助之，卒以與宋。 其後宗磐、宗雋、撻懶謀作亂，宗幹、希尹發其事，熙宗下詔誅之。 坐與宴飲者，皆貶削決責有差。 赦其弟斛魯補等九人，並赦撻懶，出為行台左丞相。
Soon the left deputy commander-in-chief Tadan and the Eastern Capital prefect Zong Jun arrived at court. Zong Pan formed a secret clique with them, and Zong Jun became right chancellor and dominated affairs. Tadan came from an exalted line and had great merit to his credit. He had earlier backed Liu Yu as emperor of Qi; now he urged returning Henan and Shaanxi to the Song and making them submit as vassals. Emperor Xizong ordered a full deliberation. The senior imperial clansmen declared the plan unacceptable. Zong Pan and Zong Jun pressed the proposal, and the lands were at last returned to Song. Later Zong Pan, Zong Jun, and Tadan conspired to rebel. Zong Gan and Xiyin exposed the plot, and the emperor ordered their execution. Those who had attended their feasts were all demoted and punished according to their degree of involvement. He pardoned nine others, including his younger brother Hulubu, and even pardoned Tadan, appointing him left chancellor of the regional secretariat.
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皇后生日，宰相諸王妃主命婦入賀。 熙宗命去樂，曰：「宗磐等皆近屬，輒構逆謀，情不能樂也。」 以黃金合及兩銀鼎獻明德宮太皇太后，並以金合、銀鼎賜宗幹、希尹焉。
On the empress's birthday the chancellors, royal consorts, princesses, and court ladies came to offer their congratulations. Emperor Xizong ordered the music stopped, saying, "Zong Pan and the others were close kin who nevertheless plotted rebellion. I cannot take pleasure in this celebration." He sent a gold casket and two silver vessels to the Grand Empress Dowager at Mingde Palace, and bestowed matching gold caskets and silver vessels on Zong Gan and Xiyin as well.
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海陵在熙宗時，見太宗諸子勢強，而宗磐尤跋扈，與鶻懶相繼皆以逆誅，心忌之。 熙宗厚於宗室，禮遇不衰。 海陵嘗與秉德、唐括辯私議，主上不宜寵遇太宗諸子太甚。 及篡立，謁奠太廟。 韓王亨素號材武，使攝右衛將軍，密諭之曰：「爾勿以此職為輕，朕疑太宗諸子太強，得卿衛左右，可無慮耳。」 遂與秘書監蕭裕謀去宗本兄弟。 太宗子孫於是焉盡，語在《宗本傳》中。
While Xizong still reigned, Prince Hailing saw how strong Taizong's sons had become—Zong Pan above all was domineering, and Gulian was soon executed for treason as well—and he came to resent them. Emperor Xizong continued to treat the imperial clan with unstinting generosity and respect. Hailing once confided to Bingde and Tangutuo Bian that the throne should not indulge Taizong's sons too lavishly. After seizing the throne he went to pay his respects at the imperial ancestral temple. Prince Han Gongheng was famed for martial prowess. Hailing appointed him acting commander of the Right Guard and told him privately, "Do not treat this post lightly. I fear Taizong's sons are too powerful; with you at my side I shall have nothing to fear." He then conspired with Secretariat Director Xiao Yu to destroy Zong Ben and his brothers. Taizong's line was wiped out in this way; the full account appears in the "Biography of Zong Ben."
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宗本本名阿魯。 皇統九年，為右丞相兼中書令，進太保，鄰三省事。 海陵篡立，進太傅，領三省事。
Zong Ben was born Alu. In Huangtong 9 he was appointed right chancellor and director of the Secretariat, promoted to grand guardian, and put in charge of all three secretariats. After Hailing's coup he was made grand tutor and retained control of the three secretariats.
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初，宗幹謀誅宗磐，故海陵心忌太宗諸子。 熙宗時，海陵私議宗本等勢強，主上不宜優寵太甚。 及篡立，猜忌益深，遂與秘書監蕭裕謀殺太宗諸子。 誣以秉德出領行台，與宗本別，因會飲，約內外相應。 使尚書省令史蕭玉告宗本親謂玉言：「以汝於我故舊，必無它意，可布腹心事。 鄰省臨行，言彼在外諭說軍民，無以外患為慮。 若太傅為內應，何事不成。」 又雲：「長子鎖里虎當大貴，因是不令見主上。」 宗本又言：「左丞相于我及我妃處，稱主上近日見之輒不喜，故心常恐懼，若太傅一日得大位，此心方安。」 唐括辯謂宗本言：「內侍張彥善相，相太傅有天子分。」 宗本答曰：「宗本有兄東京留守在，宗本何能為是。」 時宗美言「太傅正是太宗主家子，秪太傅便合為北京留守。」 卞臨行與宗本言「事不可遲」。 宗本與玉言「大計只於日近圍場內予決」。 宗本因以馬一匹、袍一領與玉，充表識物。 玉恐圍場日近，身縻於外，不能親奏，遂以告秘書監蕭裕。 裕具以聞。
Hailing had long resented Taizong's sons, not least because Zong Gan had once plotted to kill Zong Pan. Under Xizong he had already complained that men like Zong Ben were too powerful and that the throne was indulging them too far. Once he seized power his suspicion only deepened, and he joined Secretariat Director Xiao Yu in a plot to exterminate Taizong's sons. He set the trap by sending Bingde out to head the regional secretariat and taking leave of Zong Ben at a parting feast, where they supposedly agreed on coordinated action inside and outside the capital. He had Ministry of Rites clerk Xiao Yu claim that Zong Ben had told him in person, "You and I are old friends, so you must have no hidden purpose—lay bare what is in your heart. When the neighboring chancellor was leaving, he said that abroad he would rally troops and the people and that there was no need to fear outside enemies. If the Grand Tutor serves as our ally within the capital, what could we not accomplish?" He also said, "My eldest son Suolihu is fated for greatness, which is why I do not let him appear before the throne." Zong Ben also said, "The left chancellor told me and my consort that the sovereign has lately been displeased whenever he sees us, so we live in constant dread; if the Grand Tutor should one day take the throne, only then would our hearts be at ease." Tangutuo Bian told Zong Ben, "The inner attendant Zhang Yan reads faces well and says the Grand Tutor has the bearing of a Son of Heaven." Zong Ben answered, "I have an elder brother serving as Eastern Capital prefect—how could I do such a thing?" Zong Mei then said, "The Grand Tutor is the legitimate main-line son of Taizong; he alone ought to hold the Eastern Capital." As Bian was leaving he told Zong Ben, "There must be no delay. Zong Ben told Yu, "The decisive move will be made within the hunting park in the next few days. Zong Ben gave Yu a horse and a robe as tokens of recognition. Fearing that when the hunt drew near he would be detained outside and unable to report in person, Yu told Secretariat Director Xiao Yu. Yu laid the whole matter before him.
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蕭玉 (附)
Xiao Yu (appendix)
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蕭玉出入宗本家，親信如家人。 海陵既與蕭裕謀殺宗本、秉德，詔天下，恐天下以宗本、秉德輦皆懿親大臣，本無反狀，裕構成其事，而蕭玉與宗本厚，人所共知，使玉上變，庶可示信。 於是使人召宗本等擊鞠，海陵先登樓，命左衛將軍徒單特思及蕭裕妹婿近侍局副使耶律辟離刺小底密伺宗本及判大宗正事宗美，至，即殺之。 宗美本名胡里甲，臨死神色不變。
Xiao Yu frequented Zong Ben's household and was trusted as one of the family. Once Hailing and Xiao Yu had plotted the deaths of Zong Ben and Bingde, he proclaimed the case throughout the realm. He feared people would say that these imperial kinsmen and grand ministers had shown no sign of rebellion and that Xiao Yu had fabricated the charges; because everyone knew how close Yu was to Zong Ben, he had Yu lodge the accusation so the story would seem credible. He summoned Zong Ben and the others to a cuju match, went up a tower first, and ordered Left Guard general Tudan Tesi and Xiao Yu's brother-in-law, deputy commissioner of the inner service Yelü Pili, to watch Zong Ben and the director of the imperial clan Zong Mei; when they arrived they were killed on the spot. Zong Mei, born Hulijia, did not change expression even at the moment of death.
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宗本已死，蕭裕使人召蕭玉。 是日，玉送客出城，醉酒，露發披衣，以車載至裕弟點檢蕭祚家。 逮日暮，玉酒醒，見軍士圍守之，意為人所累得罪，故至此。 以頭觸屋壁，號咷曰：「臣未嘗犯罪，老母年七十，願哀憐之。」 裕附耳告之曰：「主上以宗本諸人不可留，已誅之矣，欲加以反罪，令汝主告其事。 今書汝告款已具，上即問汝，汝但言宗本輩反如狀，勿複異詞，恐禍及汝家也。」 裕乃以巾服與玉，引見海陵。 海陵問玉。 玉言宗本反，具如裕所教。
After Zong Ben was dead, Xiao Yu sent men to summon the other Xiao Yu. That day the clerk Yu was escorting guests out of the city, dead drunk, hair loose and clothes awry, and was carted to Inspector Xiao Zuo's house, the brother-in-law of Secretariat Director Xiao Yu. By evening he had sobered and saw soldiers surrounding him; he assumed he had been dragged into someone else's crime. He struck his head against the wall and wailed, "I have never committed a crime! My mother is seventy—have mercy on her!" Yu whispered in his ear, "The sovereign decided Zong Ben and his party could not be allowed to live and has already killed them. He wants to charge them with rebellion and needs you to lodge the accusation. Your written deposition is already prepared. When the sovereign questions you, say only that Zong Ben and his party rebelled as described—do not contradict it, or your whole household will suffer." Yu gave him proper cap and robes and led him before Hailing. Hailing questioned him. Yu declared that Zong Ben had rebelled, exactly as he had been coached.
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海陵遺使殺東京留守宗懿、北京留守卞。 及遷益都尹畢王宗哲、平陽尹稟、左宣徽使京等，家屬分置別所，止聽各以奴婢五人自隨。 既而使人要之于路，並其子男無少長皆殺之。 而中京留守宗雅喜事佛，世稱「善大王」，海陵知其無能，將存之以奉太宗。 後召至關，不數日，竟殺之。 太宗子孫死者七十余人，太宗後遂絕。 卞本名可喜。 稟本名胡離改。 京，宗固子，本名胡石賚。
Hailing sent envoys to kill the Eastern Capital prefect Zong Yi and the Northern Capital prefect Bian. He also recalled Prince Zong Zhe as prefect of Yidu, Bing, Left Palace Commissioner Jing, and others; their families were confined separately and each man was allowed only five attendants. Soon he had them waylaid on the road and killed every male in their households, young and old alike. Central Capital prefect Zong Ya was devoted to Buddhism and known as the "Good Prince." Hailing judged him harmless and meant to spare him to honor Taizong's memory. Later he summoned him to Tong Pass; within days he killed him anyway. More than seventy of Taizong's descendants perished, and his line was extinguished. Bian was born Kexi. Bing was born Hugai. Jing, a son of Zong Gu, was born Hushai.
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蕭玉既如蕭裕教對海陵，海陵遂以宗本、秉德等罪詔天下，以玉上變實之。
Once the clerk Xiao Yu had answered as coached, Hailing proclaimed throughout the realm the crimes of Zong Ben, Bingde, and the rest, citing Yu's accusation as proof.
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海陵使太府監完顏馮六籍宗本諸家，戒之曰：「珠玉金帛入於官，什器吾將分賜諸臣。」 馮六以此不復拘籍什器，往往為人持去，馮六家童亦取其檀木屏風。 少監劉景前為監丞時，太府監失火，案牘盡焚毀，數月方取諸司簿帳補之，監吏坐是稽緩，當得罪。 景為吏，倒署年月。 太倉都監焦子忠與景有舊，坐逋負，久不得調，景為盡力出之。 久之，馮六與景就宮中相忿爭，馮六言景倒署年月及出焦子忠事。 禦史劾奏景，景党誘馮六家奴發盜屏事。 馮六自陳於尚書省。 海陵使御史大夫趙資福、大理少卿許竑雜治。 資福等奏馮六非自盜，又嘗自首。 海陵素惡馮六與宗室遊從，謂宰臣曰：「馮六嘗用所盜物，其自首不及此。 法，盜宮中物者死，諸物已籍入官，與宮中物何異。」 謂馮六曰：「太府掌宮中財賄，汝當防制奸欺，而自用盜物。」 於是，馮六棄市，資福、竑坐鞫獄不盡，決杖有差。 景亦伏受焦子忠賂金。 海陵曰：「受金事無左驗，景倒署年月，以免吏罪，是不可恕。」 遂殺之。
Hailing ordered Grand Storehouse Commissioner Wanyan Fengliu to inventory the estates of Zong Ben and his kin, telling him, "Pearls, jade, gold, and silk go to the treasury; the furnishings I shall distribute among my ministers." Fengliu therefore stopped strictly registering the furnishings, which were often carried off; even his household slave took a rosewood screen. Vice Commissioner Liu Jing, when he had served as assistant commissioner, had seen the Grand Storehouse burn and all its records destroyed; replacements were patched together from other offices' ledgers only months later, and the clerks' delay made them liable to punishment. Jing, acting as a clerk, backdated entries in the ledgers. Grand Granary Commissioner Jiao Zizhong was an old friend of Jing's; burdened with arrears he had long gone without promotion, and Jing worked hard to get him transferred out. Long afterward Fengliu and Jing quarreled at court, and Fengliu accused Jing of backdating the ledgers and securing Jiao Zizhong's release. The censor impeached Jing; Jing's faction induced Fengliu's slave to expose the stolen screen. Fengliu submitted his own statement to the Ministry of Rites. Hailing ordered Censor-in-Chief Zhao Zifu and Assistant Director of the Court of Judicial Review Xu Hong to investigate jointly. Zifu and his colleagues reported that Fengliu had not stolen the goods himself and had already made a confession. Hailing had long resented Fengliu for consorting with the imperial clan. He told the chancellors, "Fengliu used the stolen goods himself; his confession did not cover that. The law says that stealing palace property is a capital crime. Everything had already been registered in the treasury—how is that different from palace property?" He told Fengliu, "The Grand Storehouse holds the palace treasury. You were supposed to prevent fraud, yet you used stolen goods yourself." Fengliu was executed in the marketplace, while Zifu and Hong received beatings of varying severity for conducting an incomplete investigation. Jing also confessed to taking bribe gold from Jiao Zizhong. Hailing said, "There is no corroborating evidence for the bribe, but Jing backdated the ledgers to spare the clerks from punishment. That cannot be forgiven." He then had him executed.
18
大定二年，追封宗固魯王、宗雅曹王、宗順隋王、宗懿鄭王、宗美衛王、宗哲韓王、宗本潞王、神土門豳王、斛孛束瀋王、斡烈鄂王，胡里改、胡什賚、可喜並贈金吾衛上將軍，惟宗磐、阿魯補、斛沙虎、鶻懶四人不復加封。
In Dading 2 posthumous enfeoffments were granted: Zong Gu as Prince of Lu, Zong Ya as Prince of Cao, Zong Shun as Prince of Sui, Zong Yi as Prince of Zheng, Zong Mei as Prince of Wei, Zong Zhe as Prince of Han, Zong Ben as Prince of Lu, Shentumen as Prince of Bin, Hubosu as Prince of Shen, and Wolie as Prince of E; Huligai, Hushai, and Kexi were all posthumously made generals-in-chief of the Golden Crow Guard. Only Zong Pan, Alubu, Hushahu, and Gulian received no further honors.
19
蕭玉，奚人。 既從蕭裕誣宗本罪，海陵喜甚，自尚書省令史為禮部尚書加特進，賜錢二千萬、馬五百匹、牛五百頭、羊千口，數月為參知政事。 丁母憂，以參政起複，俄授猛安，子尚公主。 海陵謂玉曰：「朕始得天下，常患太宗諸子方強，賴社稷之靈，卿發其奸。 朕無以報此功，使朕女為卿男婦，代朕事卿也。」 賜第一區，分宗本家貲賜之。 頃之，代張浩為尚書右丞，拜平章政事，進拜右丞相，封陳國公。
Xiao Yu was a man of the Xi people. After helping Xiao Yu frame Zong Ben, he won Hailing's great favor. He rose from a Ministry of Rites clerk to minister of rites with extraordinary promotion, received twenty million in cash, five hundred horses, five hundred oxen, and a thousand sheep, and within months became vice director of the Secretariat. When his mother died he was recalled from mourning to resume office; soon he was granted a meng'an command, and his son married a princess. Hailing told Yu, "When I first seized the throne I constantly feared Taizong's sons were still powerful. Thanks to the state's good fortune, you exposed their treachery. I have no way to repay this service. I shall give my daughter to your son in marriage, so that she may serve you in my stead." He granted him a residence and divided Zong Ben's household goods among him as gifts. Before long he replaced Zhang Hao as right vice director of the Secretariat, was made director of the Secretariat, then promoted to right chancellor and enfeoffed as Duke of Chen.
20
文思署令閻拱與太子詹事張安妻坐奸事，獄具，不應訊而訊之。 海陵怒，玉與左丞蔡松年、右丞耶律安禮、禦史中丞馬諷決杖有差。 玉等入謝罪。 海陵曰：「為人臣以己意愛憎，妄作威福，使人畏之。 如唐魏征、狄仁傑、姚崇、宋璟，豈肯立威使人畏哉，楊國忠之徒乃立威使人畏耳。」 顧謂左司郎中吾帶、右司郎中梁球曰：「往者德宗為相，蕭斛律為左司郎中，趙德恭為右司朗中，除吏議法，多用己意。 汝等能不以己意愛憎為予奪輕重，不亦善乎。 朕信任汝等，有過則決責之，亦非得已。 古者大臣有罪，貶謫數千里外，往來疲於奔走，有死道路者。 朕則不然，有過則杖之，已杖則任之如初。 如有不可恕，或處之死，亦未可知。 汝等自勉。」
Literary Bureau director Yan Gong and Crown Prince household chief Zhang An's wife were convicted of adultery. Once the case was complete they should not have been interrogated further, yet they were. Hailing was furious. Yu, together with left vice director Cai Songnian, right vice director Yelü Anli, and censor-in-chief Ma Feng, were beaten to varying degrees. Yu and the others came in to apologize. Hailing said, "When ministers act on private likes and dislikes and arbitrarily wield authority so that people fear them— Men like Tang's Wei Zheng, Di Renjie, Yao Chong, and Song Jing would never rule by fear. Only men like Yang Guozhong do that." He turned to left department director Wudai and right department director Liang Qiu and said, "When Dezong was chancellor, Xiao Helü was left department director and Zhao Degong was right department director. In appointments and legal deliberation they often followed their own judgment. If you can avoid letting private likes and dislikes determine rewards, punishments, and the weight of office, would that not be better? I trust you. When you err I have you beaten, but that is not something I do willingly. In antiquity guilty ministers were exiled thousands of li away; worn out by the journey back and forth, some died on the road. I am not like that. When there is fault I beat them; once beaten I employ them as before. If the offense is truly unforgivable, execution may also be possible. Exert yourselves."
21
正隆三年，拜司徒，判大宗正事。 五年，玉以司徒兼御史大夫。 使參知政事李通諭旨曰：「判宗正之職固重，御史大夫尤難其人。 朕將行幸南京，官吏多不法受賕，卿宜專糾劾，細務非所責也。 御史大夫與宰執不相遠，朕至南京，徐當思之。」 繼以司徒判大興尹，玉固辭司徒。 海陵曰：「朕將南巡，京師地重，非大臣不能鎮撫，留卿居守，無為多讓。」 海陵至南京，以玉為尚書左丞相，進封吳國公。
In Zhenglong 3 he was appointed grand mentor and concurrently director of the imperial clan. In the fifth year Yu served as grand mentor and concurrently censor-in-chief. He had vice director Li Tong convey the instruction: "The post of director of the imperial clan is weighty in itself, but finding a fit censor-in-chief is especially difficult. I am about to travel to Nanjing, where many officials unlawfully accept bribes. You should focus on impeachment; minor matters are not your charge. The censor-in-chief is not far removed from the chancellors. When I reach Nanjing I shall consider the matter further." He then appointed him grand mentor and concurrently prefect of Daxing; Yu firmly declined the grand mentor post. Hailing said, "I am about to tour the south. The capital is too important for anyone but a great minister to hold. Remain and guard it; do not decline so much." When Hailing reached Nanjing he made Yu left chancellor and advanced his enfeoffment to Duke of Wu.
22
海陵將伐宋，因賜群臣宴，顧謂玉曰：「卿嘗讀書否？」 對曰：「亦嘗觀之。」 中宴，海陵起，即召玉至內閤，因以《漢書》一冊示玉。 既而擲之曰：「此非所問也，朕欲與卿議事。 朕今欲伐江南，卿以為如何？」 玉對曰：「不可。」 海陵曰：朕視宋國猶掌握間耳，何為不可。」 玉曰：「天以長江限南北，舟楫非我所長。 苻堅百萬伐晉，不能以一騎渡，以是知其不可。」 海陵怒，叱之使出。 及張浩因周福兒附奏，海陵杖張浩，並杖玉。 因謂群臣曰：「浩大臣，不面奏，因人達語，輕易如此。 玉以苻堅比朕，朕欲斷其舌，釘而礫之，以玉有功，隱忍至今。 大臣決責，痛及爾體，如在朕躬，有不能已者，汝等悉之。」
As Hailing was about to attack Song he gave a feast for the ministers and asked Yu, "Have you ever read books?" He replied, "I have looked at them." Midway through the feast Hailing rose and summoned Yu to the inner chamber, showing him one volume of the Book of Han. Then he threw it aside and said, "That is not what I am asking. I wish to discuss affairs with you. I now wish to attack Jiangnan. What do you think?" Yu replied, "It cannot be done." Hailing said, "I regard the Song as within my grasp. Why can it not be done?" Yu said, "Heaven uses the Yangtze to divide north and south. Boats and oars are not our strength. Fu Jian attacked Jin with a million men and could not get a single rider across the river. That shows it cannot be done." Hailing was furious and shouted him out. When Zhang Hao submitted a memorial through Zhou Fu'er, Hailing beat Zhang Hao and beat Yu as well. He then told the ministers, "Hao is a great minister. Instead of memorializing in person he sent words through another person. How lightly he treats his duty. Yu compared me to Fu Jian. I wanted to cut out his tongue, nail him up, and crush him to bits. For Yu's past merit I have restrained myself until now. When great ministers are beaten the pain reaches your bodies as if it were my own. I cannot always restrain myself. You all understand this."
23
及海陵自將發南京，玉與張浩留治省事。 世宗即位，降奉國上將軍，放歸田里，奪所賜家產。 久之，起為孟州防禦使。 世宗戒之曰：「昔海陵欲殺太宗子孫，借汝為證，遂被進用。 朕思海陵肆虐，先殺宗本諸人，然後用汝質成其事，豈得專罪汝等。 今複用汝，當思改過。 若謂嘗居要地，以今日為不足，必罰無赦。」 轉定海軍節度使，改太原尹，與少尹烏古論掃喝互訟不公事，各削一官，解職，尋卒。
When Hailing personally led the army out from Nanjing, Yu and Zhang Hao remained behind to handle routine business. When Shizong took the throne Yu was reduced to general-in-chief who upholds the state, sent home, and stripped of all granted property. After a long while he was recalled as defense commissioner of Mengzhou. Shizong admonished him: "In the past Hailing wished to kill Taizong's descendants and used you as witness, and so you were advanced. I consider that Hailing acted tyrannically, first killing Zong Ben and the others and then using you to substantiate the case. How can the blame fall on you alone? Now that I employ you again, you must think to reform. If you think that because you once held high office today's post is beneath you, punishment will be without pardon." He was transferred to military commissioner of Dinghai, then made prefect of Taiyuan. He and vice prefect Wugulun Saohe sued each other over unfair dealings; each was reduced one rank and dismissed, and soon he died.
24
子德用。 大定二十四年，尚書省奏玉子德用當升除，上曰：「海陵假口於玉以快其毒，玉子豈可升除邪。」
His son was Deyong. In Dading 24 the Ministry of Rites memorialized that Yu's son Deyong should be promoted. The emperor said, "Hailing used Yu as a mouthpiece to satisfy his cruelty. How can Yu's son be promoted?"
25
贊曰：宗磐嘗從斜也取中京，不可謂無勞伐者，世祿鮮禮，自古有之，在國家善為保全之道耳。 熙宗殺宗磐而存恤其母后，雖雲矯情，猶畏物論。 海陵造謀，殺宗本兄弟不遺餘力。 太宗舉宋而有中原，金百世不遷之廟也，再傳而無噍類，於是太祖之美意無複幾微存者。 春秋之世，宋公舍與夷而立其弟，禍延數世，害及五國，誠足為後世監乎。
The appraisal says: Zong Pan once followed Xieye in taking the Central Capital and cannot be said to have lacked merit in the campaigns. Hereditary stipends rarely preserve ritual propriety—this has been so since antiquity. What matters is that the state know how to preserve them properly. Xizong killed Zong Pan yet preserved and comforted his mother the empress dowager. Though one may call this feigned feeling, he still feared public opinion. Hailing devised the plot and killed Zong Ben and his brothers without sparing any effort. Taizong raised the army against Song and gained the Central Plains—the temple Jin would not move for a hundred generations. After two transmissions not a mouthful remained, and the Grand Ancestor's fine intent scarcely survived at all. In the Spring and Autumn era Duke Huan of Song set aside his son Yifu and established his younger brother. Disaster extended for generations and harm reached five states—truly enough to serve as a warning for later ages.
26
杲本名斜也，世祖第五子，太祖母弟。 收國元年，太宗為諳班勃極烈，杲為國論吳勃極烈。 天輔元年，杲以兵一萬攻泰州，下金山縣，女固、脾室四部及渤海人皆來降，遂克泰州。 城中積粟轉致烏林野，賑先降諸部，因徙之內地。
Gao was born Xieye, the fifth son of Shizu and younger brother of the Grand Empress. In Shouguo 1 Taizong was anban bojilie and Gao was guolun wu bojilie. In Tianfu 1 Gao led ten thousand troops against Taizhou and took Jinshan County. The Nügu, Pishi four tribes, and Bohai people all surrendered, and he then captured Taizhou. The grain stored in the city was transported to the Wulin wilds. He relieved the tribes that had surrendered first and then moved them into the interior.
27
天輔五年，為忽魯勃極烈，都統內外諸軍，取中京實北京也，蒲家奴、宗翰、宗幹、宗磐副之，宗峻領合紮猛安，皆受金牌，耶律餘睹為鄉導。 詔曰：「遼政不綱，人神共棄。 今欲中外一統，故命汝率大軍，以行討伐。 爾其慎重兵事，擇用善謀。 賞罰必行，糧餉必繼。 勿擾降服，勿縱俘掠。 見可而進，無淹師期。 事有從權，毋煩奏稟。」 複詔曰：「若克中京，所得禮樂圖書文籍，並先次律發赴闕。」
In Tianfu 5 he became hulu bojilie and commander-in-chief of all armies inside and outside. Taking the Central Capital was in fact taking the Northern Capital. Pujianu, Zong Han, Zong Gan, and Zong Pan assisted him; Zong Jun led the combined meng'an; all received gold plaques; Yelü Yudu served as guide. The edict said, "Liao government lacks discipline. Men and spirits alike have abandoned it. Now I wish to unify inside and outside, and therefore command you to lead a great army on the punitive campaign. You must be careful in military affairs and choose good stratagems. Rewards and punishments must be carried out, and provisions must be continuously supplied. Do not disturb those who surrender, and do not allow plunder of captives. Advance when you see opportunity, and do not delay the campaign beyond its term. When affairs permit discretion, do not trouble me with memorials." Another edict said, "If you capture the Central Capital, send the ritual objects, music, books, and records obtained to the court in order of priority."
28
當是時，遼人守中京者，聞知師期，焚芻糧，欲徙居民遁去。 奚王霞未則欲視我兵少則迎戰，若不敵則退保山西。 杲知遼人無鬥志，乃委輜重，以輕兵擊之。 六年正月，克高、恩回紇三城，進至中京。 遼兵皆不戰而潰，遂克中京。 獲馬一千二百、牛五百、駝一百七十、羊四萬七千、車三百五十兩。 乃分兵屯守要害之地。 駐兵中京，使使奏捷、獻俘。 詔曰：「汝等提兵於外，克副所任，攻下城邑，撫安人民，朕甚嘉之。 分遣將士招降山前諸部，計已撫定。 山后若未可往，即營田牧，俟秋大舉，更當熟議，見可則行。 如欲益兵，具數來上。 無恃一戰之勝，輒自弛慢。 善撫存降附，宣諭將士，使知朕意。」
At that time the Liao defenders of the Central Capital, hearing the date of the campaign, burned fodder and grain and wished to move the inhabitants away and flee. The Xi Prince Xia Mo wished to see whether our troops were few and then give battle; if not a match he would retreat and hold the western mountains. Gao knew the Liao had no fighting spirit. He therefore left the baggage train and struck with light troops. In the first month of the sixth year he captured the three cities of Gao, En, and Huihe and advanced to the Central Capital. The Liao troops all fled without fighting, and he then captured the Central Capital. He obtained twelve hundred horses, five hundred oxen, one hundred seventy camels, forty-seven thousand sheep, and three hundred fifty carts. He then divided troops to garrison strategic points. He encamped at the Central Capital and sent envoys to report victory and present captives. The edict said, "You who lead troops abroad have fulfilled your charge, taken cities, and pacified the people. I greatly commend this. Dispatch generals and soldiers to induce the mountain-front tribes to surrender. The plan is already to pacify them. If the area beyond the mountains is not yet accessible, then farm and herd and wait until autumn for a major campaign. Deliberate further then, and act when you see opportunity. If you wish to increase troops, report the numbers. Do not rely on the victory of a single battle and grow slack on your own. Treat surrendered and attached peoples well. Proclaim to the generals and soldiers so they know my intent."
29
完顏歡都遊兵出中京南，遇騎兵三十餘紿曰：「乞明旦來降於此。」 杲信之，使溫蒂痕阿里出、納合鈍恩、蒲察婆羅偎、諸甲拔剔鄰往迎之。 奚王霞末兵圍阿里出等。 遂據阪去馬，皆殊死戰，敗霞末兵，追殺至暮而還。 是役，納合鈍恩功為多。
Wanyan Huandu's raiding troops went out south of the Central Capital and encountered more than thirty horsemen who deceived them, saying, "We beg to come surrender here tomorrow morning." Gao believed them and sent Wendihen Ali Chu, Nahe Dun'en, Pucha Poluowei, and Zhujia Batiji to welcome them. The Xi Prince Xia Mo's troops surrounded Ali Chu and the others. They then dismounted on the slope. All fought to the death, defeated Xia Mo's troops, and pursued until evening before returning. In this battle Nahe Dun'en's merit was greatest.
30
宗翰降北安州，希尹獲遼護衛習泥烈，言遼主在鴛鴦濼畋獵，可襲取之。 宗翰移書於杲，請進兵。 使者再往，曰：「一失機會，事難圖矣。」 杲意尚未決。 宗幹勸杲當從宗翰策，杲乃約宗翰會奚王嶺。 既會，始定議，杲出青嶺，宗翰出瓢嶺，期羊城濼會軍。 時遼主在草濼，使宗翰與宗幹率精兵六千襲之。 遼主西走，其都統馬哥趨搗里。 宗翰遣撻懶以兵一千往擊之。 撻懶請益兵於都統杲，而獲遼樞密使得里底父子。
Zong Han reduced Bei'an Prefecture. Xiyin captured the Liao guard Xini Lie, who said the Liao sovereign was hunting at Yuanyang Marsh and could be taken in a surprise attack. Zong Han sent a letter to Gao requesting advance of the army. The envoy came a second time, saying, "Once opportunity is lost the affair is hard to accomplish." Gao's mind was not yet made up. Zong Gan urged Gao to follow Zong Han's plan. Gao then arranged to meet Zong Han at the Xi Prince's Ridge. Once they met they settled the plan: Gao would advance by the Green Ridge and Zong Han by the Gourd Ridge, agreeing to join forces at Yangcheng Marsh. At that time the Liao sovereign was at Caomarsh. He ordered Zong Han and Zong Gan to lead six thousand picked troops in a surprise attack. The Liao sovereign fled west, while his commander-in-chief Mage rushed toward Daoli. Zong Han sent Tadan with a thousand troops to strike him. Tadan requested reinforcements from Commander-in-Chief Gao and captured the Liao privy councilor Delidi and his son.
31
西京已降得叛，杲使招之不從，遂攻之。 留守蕭察刺逾城降。 四月，複取西京。 杲率大軍趨白水濼，分遣諸將招撫未降州郡及諸部族。 於是，遼秦晉國王耶律捏里自立於燕京。 山西諸城雖降，而人心未固，杲遣宗望奏事，仍請上臨軍。 耶律坦招西南招討司及所屬諸部，西至夏境皆降，耶律佛頂亦降於坦。 金肅、西平二郡漢軍四千叛去，坦與阿沙兀野、撻不野簡料新降丁壯，迨夜襲之。 詰旦，戰於河上，大敗其眾，皆委仗就擒。
The Western Capital had already surrendered to Dede. Gao sent to summon him but he would not come, and so attacked. The defending prefect Xiao Chaci leaped over the wall and surrendered. In the fourth month he again took the Western Capital. Gao led the great army toward Baishui Marsh and dispatched generals to induce unsubdued prefectures and various tribes to submit. Thereupon the Liao Qin-Jin Prince Yelü Nieli declared himself sovereign at Yanjing. The cities of the western mountains had surrendered but hearts were not yet firm. Gao sent Zong Wang to memorialize and still requested that the sovereign come in person to the army. Yelü Tan induced the Southwest Pacification Commission and its subordinate tribes. West to the Xia border all surrendered, and Yelü Foding also surrendered to Tan. Four thousand Han troops of Jin Su and Xiping prefectures rebelled and fled. Tan with Ashuwuye and Tabuye selected newly surrendered strong youths and raided them at night. At dawn they fought on the river, greatly defeated their force, and all cast aside weapons and were captured.
32
耶律捏里移書於杲請和，杲複書，責以不先稟命上國，輒稱大號，若能自歸，當以燕京留守處之。 捏里複以書來，其略曰：「昨即位時，在兩國絕聘交兵之際。 奚王與文武百官同心推戴，何暇請命。 今諸軍已集，儻欲加兵，未能束手待斃也。 昔我先世，未嘗殘害大金人民，寵以位呈，日益強大。 今忘此施，欲絕我宗祀，於義何如也。 儻蒙惠顧，則感戴恩德，何有窮已。」 杲複書曰L：「閤下向為元帥，總統諸軍，任非不重，竟無尺寸之功。 欲據一城，以抗國兵，不亦難乎。 所任用者，前既不能死國，今誰肯為閤下用者。 而雲主辱臣死，欲恃此以成功，計亦疏矣。 幕府奉詔，歸者官之，逆者討之。 若執迷不從，期於殄滅而後已。」 捏里乃遣使請于太祖。 賜捏里詔曰：「汝，遼之所屬，位居將相，不能與國存亡，乃竊據孤城，僭稱大號，若不降附，將有後悔。」
Yelü Nieli sent a letter to Gao seeking peace. Gao replied, rebuking him for not first reporting to the suzerain state and rashly assuming the great title—if he would submit of himself he would be given the post of Yanjing prefect. Nieli sent another letter, the gist of which was: "When I first took the throne it was at a time when the two states had broken off embassies and were at war. The Xi Prince and the civil and military officials all pushed me together—how could I spare time to request permission? Now the armies have gathered. If you wish to add troops I cannot wait with bound hands to perish. In the past my forebears never harmed the people of Great Jin but favored them with offices, and day by day we grew stronger. Now forgetting this kindness you wish to cut off my ancestral sacrifices—how is this righteous? If you would show favor I would be grateful for your grace without end." Gao replied, "Your Excellency formerly served as commander-in-chief directing all armies. Your charge was not light, yet in the end you achieved not the slightest merit. To hold one city and resist the state's army—is that not difficult? Those you employ—before they could not die for the state. Now who would be willing to serve Your Excellency? Yet you say the sovereign insults ministers unto death and wish to rely on this to succeed—the plan is also crude. The headquarters follows the edict: those who submit receive office; those who resist are punished. If you cling obstinately and do not follow, the term is set for extermination afterward." Nieli then sent envoys to request terms of the Grand Ancestor. The Grand Ancestor bestowed an edict on Nieli: "You belong to Liao, hold the rank of general and chancellor, yet cannot live or die with the state. You usurp an isolated city and presumptuously assume the great title. If you do not submit there will be regret afterward."
33
六月，上發京師，詔都統曰：「汝等欲朕親征，已於今月朔旦啟行。 遼主今定何在？ 何計可以取之，其具以聞。」 杲使馬和尚奉迎太祖于撻魯河。 斡魯、婁室敗夏將李良輔，杲使完顏希尹等奏捷，且請徙西南招討司諸部於內地。 希尹等見上於大濼西南，上嘉賞之。 上至鴛鴦濼，杲上謁。 上追遼主至回離畛川，南伐燕京，次奉聖州。 詔曰：「自今諸訴訟書付都統杲決遣。 若有大疑，即令聞奏。」 太祖定燕京，還次鴛鴦濼，以宗翰為都統，杲從上還京師。
In the sixth month the sovereign set out from the capital and issued an edict the commander-in-chief: "You wished me to campaign in person. I have already set out on the first day of this month. Where is the Liao sovereign now? What plan can take him? Report in full." Gao had the monk Mashang welcome the Grand Ancestor at the Talu River. Wolu and Nianshi defeated the Xia general Li Liangfu. Gao had Wanyan Xiyin and others memorialize the victory and request moving the Southwest Pacification Commission tribes into the interior. Xiyin and the others saw the sovereign southwest of the Great Marsh. The sovereign commended and rewarded them. When the sovereign reached Yuanyang Marsh, Gao paid his respects. The sovereign pursued the Liao sovereign to the Huili Ridge River, then campaigned south against Yanjing, halting at Fengsheng Prefecture. The edict said, "From now on all litigation documents are entrusted to Commander-in-Chief Gao for decision. If there is great doubt, then have it reported." The Grand Ancestor settled Yanjing, returned and halted at Yuanyang Marsh, made Zong Han commander-in-chief, and Gao followed the sovereign back to the capital.
34
天會八年，薨。 皇統三年，追封遼越國王。 天德二年，酏享太祖廟廷。 正隆例封遼王。 大定十五年，諡曰智烈。 子孛吉。
In Tianhui 8 he died. In Huangtong 3 he was posthumously enfeoffed as Prince of Liao and Yue. In Tiande 2 he received posthumous libation in the Grand Ancestor's temple. By the Zhenglong precedent he was enfeoffed as Prince of Liao. In Dading 15 his posthumous title was Zhilie. His son was Beiji.
35
宗義本名孛吉，斜也之第九子。 天德間，為平章政事。
Zongyi was born Beiji, the ninth son of Xieye. During the Tiande period he was vice director of the Secretariat.
36
海陵已殺太宗子孫，尤忌斜也諸子盛強，欲盡除宗室勳舊大臣。 是時，左副元帥撒離喝在汴京與撻不野有隙，撻不野女為海陵妃，海陵陰使撻不野圖撒離喝。 於是都元帥府令史遙設迎合風指，詐為撒離喝與其子宗安家書，宗女誤遺宮外，遙設因拾得之，以上變。 其書契丹小字，其封題已開。 其中白紙一幅，有白字隱約，狀若經水浸，致字畫可讀者，上有撒離喝手署及某王印。 書辭雲：「阿渾，汝安樂否。 早晚到闕下。 前者走馬來時，曾議論我教汝阿渾平章、謀里野阿渾等處覷事勢再通往來，緩急圖謀，知汝已嘗備細言之。 謀里野阿渾所言栎煞是，只殺撻不野則南路無憂慮矣。」 詳略互見《撒離喝傳》中。 女直謂子「阿渾」。 前「阿渾」謂撒離喝子，其子宗安。 後「阿渾平章」指宗義，宗義本宗室子，猶有舊稱。 以是殺宗義、謀里野，並殺宗安及太祖妃蕭氏、任王隈喝及魏王斡帶孫活里甲。 遙設詐書無活里甲，海陵見其坦率善修飾，惡之。 大臣以無罪為請，海陵曰：「第殺之，無複言也。」 殺斜也子孫百餘人，謀里野子孫二十餘人。 謀里野，景祖孫，謾都訶次子。
Hailing had already killed Taizong's descendants and especially feared that Xieye's sons were too powerful. He wished to eliminate all the imperial clan's meritorious old ministers. At that time left deputy commander-in-chief Salihua was at Bianjing and had a rift with Tabuye. Tabuye's daughter was Hailing's consort, and Hailing secretly had Tabuye plot against Salihua. Thereupon the grand marshal's office clerk Yaoshe catered to the prevailing wind and forged a letter as if from Salihua to his son Zong'an's household. Zong'an's daughter mistakenly sent it outside, and Yaoshe picked it up and reported the change. The letter was in Khitan small script. The address and seal were already opened. Within was one sheet of white paper with white characters indistinct, as if soaked in water so the writing could be read. On it were Salihua's own signature and a certain prince's seal. The letter said, "Ahun, are you at ease? Come to court early or late. When the horse came before, we had already discussed my teaching you Ahun as director, Moliye Ahun, and the rest to watch the situation and communicate again as urgency permits, plotting together—you have already reported this in detail, I know. What Moliye Ahun said about killing is right—only kill Tabuye and then the southern route has no worry." Details vary and appear in the "Biography of Salihua." The Jurchen call a son "ahun." The first "ahun" refers to Salihua's son, his son Zong'an. The later "ahun director" refers to Zongyi. Zongyi was originally an imperial-clan son and still bore the old title. For this Zongyi and Moliye were killed, and Zong'an and the Grand Ancestor's consort the Xiao clan, Prince of Assignments Weihai, and Prince of Wei's grandson Huolijia were also killed. Yaoshe's forged letter had no Huolijia. Hailing saw he was frank and good at self-adornment and hated him. The great ministers pleaded that he was without crime. Hailing said, "Just kill him. Say no more." More than a hundred of Xieye's descendants were killed, and more than twenty of Moliye's descendants. Moliye was Jingzu's grandson, second son of Manduhe.
37
斜也有幼子阿虎里，其妻撻不野女，海陵妃大氏女兄。 將殺阿虎里，使者不忍見其面，以衾覆而縊之，當其頤，久不死，及去被再縊之，海陵遣使赦其死，遂得免。 後封為王，授世襲千戶。
Xieye had a young son A Huli whose wife was Tabuye's daughter, elder sister of Hailing's consort of the Da clan. When they were about to kill A Huli the envoy could not bear to see his face, covered him with a quilt and strangled him. When it reached his chin he long did not die; after the envoy left the cover was removed and he was strangled again. Hailing sent an envoy to pardon his death, and so he was spared. Later he was enfeoffed as prince and granted a hereditary thousand-household command.
38
大定初，追複宗義官爵，贈特進。 弟蒲馬、孛論出、阿魯、隈喝並贈龍虎衛上將軍。
In the early Dading period Zongyi's office and rank were posthumously restored and he was given extraordinary promotion. Younger brothers Puma, Belunchu, Alu, and Weihai were all posthumously made generals-in-chief of the Dragon-Tiger Guard.
39
宗幹本名斡本，太祖庶長子。 太祖伐遼，遼人來禦，遇於境上。 使宗幹率眾先往填塹，士卒畢渡。 渤海軍馳突而前，左翼七謀克少卻，遂犯中軍。 杲輒出戰，太祖曰：「遇大敵不可易也。」 使宗幹止杲。 宗幹馳出杲前，控止導騎哲垤之馬，杲乃還。 達魯古城之戰，宗幹以中軍為疑兵。 太祖既攻下黃龍府，即欲取春州。 遼主聞黃龍不守，大懼，即自將，籍宗戚豪右少年與四方勇士及能言兵者，皆隸軍中。 宗幹勸太祖毋攻春州，休息士卒。 太祖以為然，遂班師。
Zong Gan was born Woben, the Grand Ancestor's eldest son by a concubine. When the Grand Ancestor attacked Liao the Liao came to resist and met him at the border. He had Zong Gan lead the troops ahead to fill the moat. The soldiers all crossed. The Bohai army charged forward. The left wing's seven meng'an slightly gave ground and then struck the central army. Gao then went out to fight. The Grand Ancestor said, "Meeting a great enemy one must not be rash." He had Zong Gan stop Gao. Zong Gan galloped out before Gao, seized and halted the guiding rider Zhedie's horse, and Gao then returned. In the battle of Dalu Ancient City Zong Gan used the central army as a decoy force. After the Grand Ancestor had taken Huanglong Prefecture he wished at once to take Chun Prefecture. The Liao sovereign, hearing Huanglong was not held, was greatly afraid and personally took command, enrolling young men of the imperial clan, powerful families, and warriors from the four directions and those who could speak of military affairs—all were attached to the army. Zong Gan urged the Grand Ancestor not to attack Chun Prefecture and to rest the soldiers. The Grand Ancestor thought it right and thereupon withdrew the army.
40
宗幹得降人，言春、泰州無守備，可取。 於是斜也取春、泰州，宗雄、宗幹等下金山縣。 宗雄即以兵三千屬宗幹，招集未降諸部。 宗幹擇土人之材幹者，以詔書諭之。 於是女固、脾室四部及渤海人皆降。
Zong Gan obtained surrendered men who said Chun and Tai prefectures had no garrison and could be taken. Thereupon Xieye took Chun and Tai prefectures, and Zong Xiong, Zong Gan, and the others took Jinshan County. Zong Xiong then gave three thousand troops to Zong Gan to gather the tribes that had not yet submitted. Zong Gan selected capable men among the natives and instructed them with the edict. Thereupon the Nügu, Pishi four tribes, and Bohai people all submitted.
41
太祖克臨潢府，至沃黑河。 宗幹諫曰：「地遠時暑，士罷馬乏，若深入敵境，糧餫不繼，恐有後艱。」 上從之，遂班師。 從都統杲取中京。 宗翰自北安州移書於杲。 是時，希尹獲遼人，知遼主在鴛鴦濼，可襲取之。 杲不能決。 宗翰使再至。 宗幹謂杲曰：「移賚勃極烈灼見事機，再使來請，彼必不輕舉。 且彼已發兵，不可中止，請從其策。」 再三言之，杲乃報宗翰會奚王嶺。 當時無宗幹，杲終無進兵意。 既會軍於羊城濼，杲使宗幹與宗翰以精兵六千襲遼至五院司。 遼主已遁去，與遼將耿守忠戰於西京城東四十里。 守忠敗走。
The Grand Ancestor took Linhuang Prefecture and reached the Wohei River. Zong Gan remonstrated, "The land is distant and the season hot. Soldiers are weary and horses exhausted. If we penetrate deep into enemy territory and provisions do not follow, I fear later hardship." The sovereign followed this and thereupon withdrew the army. He followed Commander-in-Chief Gao in taking the Central Capital. Zong Han sent a letter from Bei'an Prefecture to Gao. At that time Xiyin captured a Liao man who knew the Liao sovereign was at Yuanyang Marsh and could be taken in a surprise attack. Gao could not decide. Zong Han's envoy came a second time. Zong Gan told Gao, "The transferred bojilie clearly sees the opportunity. He sends envoys twice to request—you must not take it lightly. Moreover he has already sent troops. It cannot be stopped. Please follow his plan." He spoke again and again until Gao replied to Zong Han to meet at the Xi Prince's Ridge. Without Zong Gan, Gao in the end had no intent to advance the army. Once the armies met at Yangcheng Marsh, Gao had Zong Gan and Zong Han take six thousand picked troops to strike Liao as far as the Five Yuan Office. The Liao sovereign had already fled and fought the Liao general Geng Shouzhong forty li east of the Western Capital. Shouzhong was defeated and fled.
42
太宗即位，宗幹為國論勃極烈，與斜也同輔政。 天會三年，獲遼主于應州西余睹穀。 始議禮制度，正官名，定服色，興庠序，設選舉，治曆明時，皆自宗幹啟之。 四年，官制行，詔中外。
When Taizong took the throne, Zong Gan was guolun bojilie and together with Xieye assisted in government. In Tianhui 3 the Liao sovereign was captured west of Yuzhu Valley in Ying Prefecture. They first deliberated ritual systems, rectified official titles, fixed dress colors, established schools, set up selection examinations, and regulated the calendar—all were initiated by Zong Gan. In the fourth year the official system was implemented and proclaimed throughout the realm.
43
海陵篡立，追諡憲古弘道文昭武烈章孝睿明皇帝，廟號德宗，以故第為興聖宮。 大定二年，除去廟號，改諡明肅皇帝。 及海陵廢為庶人，二十二年，皇太子允恭奏，略曰：「追惟熙宗世嫡統緒，海陵無道，弑帝自立，崇正昭穆，削其斷王，俾齒庶人之列。 瘞之閑曠，不封不樹，既已申大義而明至公矣。 海陵追崇其親，逆配於廟。 今海陵既廢為庶人，而明肅猶竊帝尊之名，列廟祧之數。 海陵大逆，正名定罪，明肅亦當緣坐。 是時明肅已殂，不與於亂，臣以謂當削去明肅帝號，止從舊爵。 或從太祖諸王有功例，加以官封，明詔中外，俾知大義。」 書奏，世宗嘉納，下尚書省議。 於是追削明肅帝號，封為皇伯、太師、遼王，諡忠烈，妻子諸孫皆從降。 明昌四年，配享太祖廟廷。
When Hailing usurped the throne he posthumously titled him Emperor Xiangu Hongdao Wenzhao Wulie Zhangxiao Ruiming, with temple name Dezong, and made his former residence the Palace of Sagely Birth. In Dading 2 the temple name was removed and the posthumous title changed to Emperor Mingsu. When Hailing was demoted to commoner status, in year 22 Crown Prince Yonggong memorialized, in gist: "Looking back to Xizong's era and the legitimate succession, Hailing was without the Way, murdered the emperor and seized the throne, exalted the correct and clarified the generations, cut off his princely enfeoffment, and placed him among commoners. Buried in open waste without mound or tree—this already declared great righteousness and utmost fairness. Hailing posthumously honored his own kin and improperly paired them in the temple. Now Hailing has been demoted to commoner status yet Mingsu still usurps the title of emperor and ranks among the temple ancestors. Hailing's great treason fixed the name and fixed the crime. Mingsu should also be implicated by association. At that time Mingsu was already dead and did not participate in the disorder. Your servant thinks the Mingsu imperial title should be cut off and only the old rank retained. Or following the precedent of the Grand Ancestor's meritorious princes, add official enfeoffment and proclaim clearly throughout the realm so all know the great righteousness." The memorial was submitted. Shizong commended and accepted it and sent it to the Ministry of Rites for deliberation. Thereupon Mingsu's imperial title was posthumously cut off. He was enfeoffed as imperial uncle, grand mentor, Prince of Liao, posthumous title Zhonglie. Wife, sons, and grandsons all followed in reduction. In Mingchang 4 he received posthumous libation in the Grand Ancestor's temple.
44
子充、亮、兗、襄、袞。 亮，是為海陵庶人。
His sons were Chong, Liang, Yan, Xiang, and Gun. Liang was the man later known as the Hailing commoner.
45
充本名神士懣。 母李氏，徒單氏以為己子。 熙宗初，加光祿大夫。 天眷間，為汴京留守。 皇統間，封淄國公，為吏部尚書，進封代王，遷同判大宗正事。 九年，拜左丞相。 是歲，薨。 追封鄭王。 大定二十二年，追降儀同三司、左丞相。 子檀奴、元奴、耶補兒、阿里白。
Chong was born Shentumen. His mother was Lady Li; the Tudi clan took him as her own son. At the beginning of Xizong's reign he was made grand master of splendid happiness. During the Tianjuan period he was Bianjing prefect. During Huangtong he was enfeoffed as Duke of Zi, made minister of personnel, advanced to Prince of Dai, and transferred to concurrent director of the imperial clan. In the ninth year he was appointed left chancellor. That year he died. He was posthumously enfeoffed as Prince of Zheng. In Dading 22 he was posthumously reduced to honorary equal to the three excellencies and left chancellor. His sons were Tannu, Yuannu, Yebuer, and Alibai.
46
檀奴，為歸德軍節度使。 阿里白，定遠大將軍、和魯忽土猛安忽鄰河謀克。 海陵弑徒單氏，以充嘗為徒單養子，因並殺檀奴及阿里白。 元奴、耶補兒逃歸於世宗。 檀奴贈榮祿大夫，阿里白輔國上將軍。 詔有司改葬。 世宗時，元奴為宗正丞； 耶補兒為鎮國上將軍，後為同知濟南尹事。
Tannu was military commissioner of the Guide Army. Alibai was general of Dingyuan and hulu tutu meng'an of Hulihu River. Hailing murdered the Tudi clan. Because Chong had once been Tudi's adopted son, he therefore also killed Tannu and Alibai. Yuannu and Yebuer fled and returned to Shizong. Tannu was posthumously made grand master of glorious emolument; Alibai was made assisting-state general. An edict ordered the relevant offices to rebury them. During Shizong's reign Yuannu was vice director of the imperial clan. Yebuer was general who pacifies the state, later serving concurrently as vice prefect of Jinan.
47
子永元
Son: Yongyuan
48
永元字惇禮，本名元奴。 幼聰敏，日誦千言。 皇統元年，試宗室子作詩，永元中格。 善《左氏春秋》，通其大義。 天德初，授百女山世襲謀克。
Yongyuan, style name Dunli, was born Yuannu. As a youth he was clever and keen, reciting a thousand words daily. In Huangtong 1, when imperial-clan sons were tested in composing poetry, Yongyuan passed. He was skilled in the Zuo Commentary to the Spring and Autumn Annals and grasped its great meaning. At the beginning of Tiande he was granted the hereditary meng'an of Bainü Mountain.
49
海陵伐宋，已渡淮，軍士多亡歸而契丹叛，由是疑宗室益甚。 已殺永元弟檀奴、阿里白，永元與弟耶補兒逃匿得免。
When Hailing attacked Song, after crossing the Huai many soldiers deserted and the Khitan rebelled. Because of this he suspected the imperial clan all the more. He had already killed Yongyuan's younger brothers Tannu and Alibai. Yongyuan and his younger brother Yebuer hid and escaped.
50
世宗即位于遼陽，與耶補兒俱來歸，上慰勞甚厚。 授宗正丞，改符寶郎，為灤州刺史。 授世襲猛安，乞以謀克與耶補兒，詔許之。 轉棣州防禦使、泰甯軍節度使。
When Shizong took the throne at Liaoyang both came to submit. The sovereign comforted them very generously. He was appointed vice director of the imperial clan, then keeper of the seals, and made prefect of Luan. He was granted a hereditary meng'an and begged to give the meng'an to Yebuer. The edict permitted it. He was transferred to defense commissioner of Di Prefecture and military commissioner of the Taining Army.
51
張弘信通檢山東，專以多得民間物力為功，督責苛急。 永元面責弘信曰：「朝廷以差調不均，立通檢法。 今使者所至，以殘酷妄加農民田產，箠擊百姓有至死者。 市肆賈販貿易有贏虧，田園屋宇利入有多寡，故官子孫閉門自守，使與商賈同處上役，豈立法本意哉。」 弘信無以對。 於是棣州賦稅得以實自占。 遷震武軍節度使。
Zhang Hongxin, as general inspector of Shandong, made his merit obtaining much civilian property and pressed collection harshly. Yongyuan rebuked Hongxin to his face: "The court established the general-inspector law because tax levies were uneven. Now wherever the envoy goes he cruelly adds to peasants' fields and property and beats the people, some even to death. Market traders' commerce has profit and loss; fields, gardens, and houses have varying income. Officials' descendants shut their doors and keep to themselves, yet are placed on corvée equal to merchants. Is this the law's original intent?" Hongxin had no reply. Thereupon Di Prefecture's tax levies could be reported honestly from actual holdings. He was transferred to military commissioner of the Zhenwu Army.
52
大定六年，丁母憂，起複崇義軍節度使，徙順義軍。 朔州西境多盜，而猾吏大姓蠹獄訟，暋亂賦役，永元剔其宿奸，百姓安之。 坐賣馬與驛人取贏利，及浚州防禦使斡論坐縱孳畜踐民田，俱解職。 頃之，永元起為保大軍節度使，曆昭義、絳陽、震武軍，遷濟南尹、北京副留守。
In Dading 6, when his mother died he was recalled from mourning to resume as military commissioner of the Chongyi Army and transferred to the Shunyi Army. West of Shuozhou there were many bandits, and crafty officials and great clans corrupted lawsuits and resisted tax levies. Yongyuan eliminated their long-standing villains and the people were at peace. He was dismissed for selling horses to post-station men for profit, and because Jun Prefecture defense commissioner Wolun allowed livestock to trample civilian fields. Before long Yongyuan was recalled as military commissioner of the Baoda Army, served as military commissioner of the Zhaoyi, Jiangyang, and Zhenwu armies, and was transferred to prefect of Jinan and vice guardian of the Northern Capital.
53
燈國家婢醜底與咸平人化胡有奸，醜底于主印處紹取印署空紙與化胡，遂寫作永元、甯國生甯日時辰，誣告永元、甯國謀逆。 詔有司鞫問，乃醜底意望為良，使化胡為之。 上曰：「化胡與醜底有奸，造作惡言，誣害宗室，化胡斬，醜底處死。」 改興中尹，為彰德軍節度使。 卒官，年五十一。 喪過中都，遣使致祭，賻銀三百兩、彩十端、絹百匹。
The state lamp-maiden slave Choudi had an affair with the Xianping man Huahua. Choudi took blank paper stamped with the master's seal from the seal office and gave it to Huahua, who then wrote Yongyuan's and Ningguo's birth dates and hours, falsely accusing them of plotting rebellion. An edict ordered the relevant offices to interrogate. It turned out Choudi hoped to become a commoner and had Huahua do it. The sovereign said, "Huahua had an affair with Choudi and fabricated wicked words to harm the imperial clan. Huahua is to be beheaded and Choudi executed." He was changed to prefect of Xingzhong and made military commissioner of the Zhangde Army. He died in office at age fifty-one. When the funeral passed through the Central Capital envoys were sent to offer sacrifice. Condolence gifts were three hundred taels of silver, ten bolts of colored silk, and a hundred bolts of silk.
54
永元曆典大籓，多知民間利害，所至稱治，相、棣、順義政跡尤著，其民並為立祠。
Yongyuan governed several great prefectures and knew much of civilian benefit and harm. Wherever he went he was called well governed. His administration in Xiang, Di, and Shunyi was especially notable, and the people all erected shrines for him.
55
兗妻烏延氏，正隆六年坐與奴有奸，海陵殺之。 其弟南京兵馬副都指揮使習泥烈私于族弟屋謀魯之妻，屋謀魯之奴謀欲執習泥烈，習泥烈乃殺其奴。 海陵聞之，遂殺習泥烈。
Yan's wife of the Wuyan clan—in Zhenglong 6 was convicted of adultery with a slave. Hailing killed her. His younger brother, Nanjing deputy commander-in-chief of horse and foot forces Xini Lie, privately had relations with his clan younger brother Wumoulu's wife. Wumoulu's slave plotted to seize Xini Lie, and Xini Lie therefore killed the slave. Hailing heard of it and then killed Xini Lie.
56
兗子阿合，大定中為符寶祗候，俄遷同知定武軍節度使。 上曰：「汝歲秩未滿，朕念乃祖乃父為汝遷官，勿為不善，當盡心學之。」
Yan's son Ahe, in the Dading period was keeper of the seals attendant, and soon transferred to concurrent vice military commissioner of the Dingwu Army. The sovereign said, "Your years in rank are not yet full. I think of your grandfather and father in promoting you. Do not do what is not good; you must study with all your heart."
57
襄本名永慶，海陵母弟。 為輔國上將軍。 卒，天德二年，追封衛王，再贈司徒。 大定二十二年，追降銀青光祿大夫。
Xiang was born Yongqing, Hailing's younger brother by the same mother. He was made general who assists the state. He died. In Tiande 2 he was posthumously enfeoffed as Prince of Wei and again given the posthumous office of grand mentor. In Dading 22 he was posthumously reduced to silver-green grand master of splendid happiness.
58
子和尚封應國公，賜名樂善。 左宣徽使許霖之子知彰與和尚鬥爭，其母妃命家奴捽入淩辱之，使人曳霖至第毆詈之。 明日，霖訴於朝。 詔大興尹蕭玉、左丞良弼、權御史大夫張忠輔、左司員外郎王全雜治，妃杖一百，殺其家奴為首者，餘決杖有差。 霖嘗跪於妃前，失大臣體，及所訴有妄，笞二十。
His son Heshang was enfeoffed as Duke of Ying and given the name Leshan. Left Palace Commissioner Xu Lin's son Zhizhang quarreled with Heshang. His mother the princess consort ordered household slaves to drag him in and humiliate him, and had men drag Lin to her residence to beat and revile him. The next day Lin complained at court. An edict had Daxing prefect Xiao Yu, left vice director Liangbi, acting censor-in-chief Zhang Zhongfu, and left department outer section director Wang Quan investigate jointly. The princess consort was beaten a hundred times, the leading household slave was killed, and the rest received beatings of varying severity. Lin had once knelt before the princess consort, losing a great minister's dignity, and what he reported had falsehoods. He was beaten twenty times.
59
大定間，家奴小僧月一妄言和尚熟寢之次有異征，襄妃僧酷以為信然，召日者李端卜之。 端雲當為天子，司天張友直亦雲當大貴。 家奴李添壽上變。 僧酷、和尚下吏驗問有狀，皆伏誅。 上曰：「朕嘗痛海陵翦滅宗族。 今和尚所為如此，欲貸其罪，則妖妄誤惑愚民者，便以為真，不可不滅。 朕于此子，蓋不得已也。」 傷閔者久之。
During the Dading period the household slave Xiaoseng Yueyi falsely said that when Heshang was in deep sleep there were strange signs. Xiang's consort and the monk Ku believed it and summoned the day-selector Li Duan to divine. Duan said he would become Son of Heaven. Director of Astronomy Zhang Youzhi also said he would become greatly honored. The household slave Li Tianshou reported the change. Ku, Heshang, and the others were put under officials and interrogated. The case was substantiated and all were executed. The sovereign said, "I once grieved that Hailing exterminated the imperial clan. Now Heshang's conduct is like this. If I pardon his crime, then those who delude the foolish people with sorcery and falsehood will be taken as true. It cannot be spared. In this son of mine I am compelled." He grieved in pity for a long while.
60
袞本名蒲甲，亦作蒲家，桀驚強悍。 海陵不喜其為人。 初為輔國上將軍。 天德初，加特進，封王，為吏部尚書，判大宗正事。 坐語禁中起居狀，兵部侍郎蕭恭首問，護衛張九具言之。 海陵親問。 恭奪官解職，張九對不以實，特處死，袞與翰林學士承旨宗秀、護衛麻吉、小底王之章皆決杖有差。 海陵自是愈忌之。 未幾，授猛安。
Gun was born Pujia, also written Pujia. He was fierce, startled, strong, and overbearing. Hailing did not like his conduct. Initially he was general who assists the state. At the beginning of Tiande he was given extraordinary promotion, enfeoffed as prince, made minister of personnel, and director of the imperial clan. He was convicted for speaking of affairs within the forbidden precinct. Vice Minister of War Xiao Gong was the first to question him, and guard Zhang Jiu stated it in full. Hailing questioned him in person. Gong was stripped of office and dismissed. Zhang Jiu's answers were not according to fact and he was specially executed. Gun together with Hanlin academician director Zong Xiu, guard Maji, and attendant Wang Zhizhang all received beatings of varying severity. After this Hailing resented him ever more deeply. Before long he was granted a meng'an command.
61
及遷中都，道中以蒲家為西京留守。 西京兵馬完顏謨盧瓦與蒲家有舊，同在西京，遂相往來。 蒲家嘗以玉帶遺之。 蒲家稱謨盧瓦驍勇不減尉遲敬德。 編修官圓福奴之妻與蒲家姻戚，圓福奴嘗戒蒲家曰：「大王名太彰著，宜少謙晦。」 蒲家心知海陵忌之，嘗召日者問休咎。 家奴喝里知海陵疑蒲家，乃上變告之，言與謨盧瓦等謀反，嘗召日者問天命。 御史大夫高楨、刑部侍郎耶律慎須呂就西京鞫之，無狀。 海陵怒，使使者往械蒲家等至中都，不復究問，斬之於市。 謨盧瓦、圓福奴並日者皆淩遲處死。
When he was transferred to the Central Capital, on the road he appointed Pujia Western Capital prefect. Western Capital commander Wanyan Moluwa was old friends with Pujia. Both were in the Western Capital and therefore associated with each other. Pujia once presented him with a jade belt. Pujia said Moluwa's martial valor was no less than Yuchi Jingde's. Compiler Yuan Funu's wife was related to Pujia by marriage. Yuan Funu once admonished Pujia, "Your princely name is too conspicuous. You should be somewhat more modest and restrained." Pujia knew in his heart that Hailing resented him and once summoned a day-selector to ask about fortune and misfortune. The household slave Heli knew Hailing suspected Pujia and therefore reported the change, saying he plotted rebellion with Moluwa and others and had once summoned a day-selector to ask about the Mandate of Heaven. Censor-in-Chief Gao Zhen and Vice Minister of Punishments Yelü Shenxulü went to the Western Capital to interrogate. No case was substantiated. Hailing was furious and sent envoys to shackle Pujia and the others to the Central Capital. He pursued no further inquiry and executed them in the marketplace. Moluwa, Yuan Funu, and the day-selectors were all executed by slow slicing.
62
贊曰：金議禮制度，班爵祿，正刑法，治曆明時，行天子之事，成一代之典，杲、宗幹經始之功多矣。 杲子宗義為海陵所殺，宗幹之後又不幸而有海陵，故其子孫之昌熾既鮮，而亦不免於僇辱焉。 秦、漢而下，宗臣世家與國匹休者，何其少歟。 君子于此，可以觀世變矣。
The appraisal says: Jin deliberated ritual systems, ranked stipends and salaries, rectified punishments and law, regulated the calendar and clarified the seasons, performed the Son of Heaven's affairs, and completed the institutions of an age. The pioneering merit of Gao and Zong Gan was great indeed. Gao's son Zongyi was killed by Hailing. Zong Gan's line was again unfortunate in having Hailing, so their descendants' flourishing was already rare and they could not escape humiliation and punishment. From Qin and Han downward, how few are the imperial-clan great houses that share weal and woe with the state! The gentleman observing this may discern the changes of the age.