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卷八十 列傳第十八: 熙宗二子濟安 道濟 斜卯阿里 突合速 烏延蒲盧渾 赤盞暉 大㚖本名撻不野 磐本名蒲速越 阿離補子:方

Volume 80 Biographies 18: Xi Zong and two sons jian, Dao Ji, Xie Maoali, Tu Hesu, Wuyan Puluhun, Chi Zhanhui, Da Gao formerly named Tabuye, Pan formerly named Pusuyue, A Libu son: Fang

Chapter 80 of 金史 · History of Jin
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Chapter 80
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1
Xi Zong's Two Sons
2
Xi Zong's sons were as follows: Empress Daoping gave birth to Crown Prince Ji'an; the Virtuous Consort gave birth to the Prince of Wei, Dao Ji.
3
殿 使
Ji'an was born on the wuzi day of the second month in the second year of Huangtong (1142) in the Tiankai Hall. The emperor was twenty-four and had his first son; overjoyed, he dispatched messengers at once to inform the Grand Empress Dowager at the Mingde Palace. Five days later the child was named, and a general amnesty was declared for the entire realm. On jiayin in the third month, the birth was announced to Heaven, Earth, and the ancestral temples. On dingsi his hair was ritually cut, and the rite was reported to Heaven, Earth, and the ancestral temples. On wuwu he was formally installed as crown prince. The empress's father, Grand Marshal Huta, was created a prince and given households plus five hundred horses and cattle, fifty camels, and five thousand sheep. Every official at court was promoted one salary grade and received gifts. On jiwei an edict was promulgated throughout the realm. In the twelfth month Ji'an fell gravely ill. The emperor and empress went to a Buddhist temple to burn incense, weeping as they prayed, and granted a partial amnesty to prisoners within five hundred li. That night he died. He was posthumously titled Yingdao Crown Prince and buried beside Xingling; the emperor accompanied the funeral procession to Wuzhi Heishui before returning. Artisans were ordered to sculpt his image at Chuqing Temple, and the emperor and empress went there to install it. When Hailing razed the palaces at Shangjing, the temple was destroyed as well.
4
In the third year of Huangtong, Dao Ji was appointed garrison commander of Zhongjing; the Direct Academician Alan served as chief superintendent and Zhang Xuansu as associate superintendent to tutor him on either side. Soon afterward he was created Prince of Wei, and his mother was raised to Virtuous Consort. He had first lived outside the palace; now he was brought up within it. Before long Xi Zong, in a fit of rage, had him executed.
5
The encomium reads: In the early days of the dynasty the institutions were still unsettled; both Taizong and Xi Zong had taken the throne straight from the Anban Bojilie seat. Anban Bojilie, in Chinese, means the most exalted office. When Xi Zong installed Ji'an as crown prince, he for the first time regularized titles and ranks and established the succession system.
6
Xiemao Ali
7
Xiemao Ali's father Huntan had submitted during Muzong's reign and won many battles. At seventeen Ali followed his uncle Humagu against Zhadu and captured Zhadu's younger brother Shalizhi. When Goryeo built nine fortresses in the Yalian district, Huntan attacked them. At Mulimen the fighting dragged on until Ali charged into the enemy line and speared their general; the foe then collapsed. Huntan united with Shi Shihuan at the Tumen River; Ali led the assault, routed the enemy, and captured two cities. Goryeo invaded, but Jin troops held the key passes and blocked their advance, so they withdrew. Ali caught them at the Yalian River. The Goryeo soldiers fled onto the ice; he pressed the pursuit and killed nearly all of them, then rejoined Shi Shihuan. On the march they met fifty thousand enemy troops and put them to flight. Again, with Shi Shihuan, they met seventy thousand enemy troops; Ali led the assault and routed them completely. Shi Shihuan said, "In one day you have thrice broken major enemy forces—such merit cannot be forgotten." He then rewarded him generously.
8
When Wosai and Wuduben attacked Tuoji, Ali breached the wall to open a gate. Night had fallen, so he could not enter at once; he left troops to hold the breach and took the city at dawn. Wuduben rewarded him with armor and a horse. He took part in the capture of Ningjiang Prefecture and was appointed meng'an. He also joined attacks on Xinzhou and Binzhou, and both fell. When Liao forces attacked Bojin Hushali, Ali led a little over a hundred horsemen to its relief. The Liao army numbered in the tens of thousands while Ali had only a small force. He had his men tear cloth into many banners and march out through the valleys; when the Liao troops saw them, they withdrew.
9
退
Su and Fu prefectures rebelled, and their forces swelled to one hundred thousand. Nearby Jurchen bands all took refuge with Grand Marshal Husha and built fortified camps. The enemy laid siege in rings upon rings. Grain and fodder ran out; cattle and horses ate one another's manes and tails, and the people exchanged children to eat. That night two men were lowered over the wall on ropes to beg Ali for relief. Ali hurried to the spot. Attackers inside and out struck together and shattered the rebel host on the Pilimihan River, slaughtering nearly all of them until the water would not flow. At Puligu, the Hushiji River, and Mahan Island he fought more than ten battles and broke armies numbering in the hundreds of thousands. Khitan and Xi forces gathered a thousand boats, intending to escape by sea. Ali intercepted them with twenty-seven boats, was struck by an arrow midstream, and lay unconscious in his boat until midnight. The enemy boats had already reached Wangjia Island. That same night Ali took the sea route in pursuit, caught them as they fled into difficult ground, and struck with cavalry. He was wounded again but fought on without retreat until he broke them and seized every boat. Thereupon Su and Fu prefectures and the Basu circuit were all pacified.
10
He attacked Xianzhou, took Lingshan County, seized Liangyuwu, and defeated Yudu's army; in every exploit his merit ranked first. Later he garrisoned Gaozhou with Sandulu. The Khitan Zhao Guya and Jiujin united tens of thousands of Xingzhong troops to attack Hulite's stockade, and Ali marched to relieve it with eight mouke units. Hulite had gone ahead first and was beaten below the walls. Ali pointed to more than twenty men in scarlet robes before the enemy line and said, "Those must be the rebel chiefs." He ordered a fierce charge; all were killed, and the rest of the host fled in rout. Laizhou and Xizhou troops had besieged Hulite's city; when they heard Ali was coming to the rescue, they lifted the siege and withdrew.
11
When Zhamu campaigned against Zhang Jue, enemy troops emerged through the valleys at Loufeng Pass; Ali, Sandulu, and Hulubu—the three meng'an—routed them. Zongwang replaced Zhamu against Zhang Jue, and Ali again defeated the Pingzhou army. During the campaign against Song, Ali on a separate mission struck Song forces and defeated them. At Mengyang he held the bridge crossing and fought fiercely. The next year, on a second campaign against Song, he reached Baozhou and Zhongshan and repeatedly defeated Song forces. Advancing to besiege Zhending, Ali with Loushi and Huolu set fires in the wind and burned the tower shelters; all the armies scaled the walls together and took the city. When the army reached the Yellow River, Niange Husai drove off the Song troops, held the crossing, and several thousand men crossed. The generals fanned out from the Daming region; Ali annihilated four hundred enemy troops and then besieged Bianjing. Bianjing sent troops out by night to burn the siege engines; Ali with the mouke Changsun Yang'a repelled them, and the Song force fled in rout. He then attacked Zhaozhou and received its surrender.
12
使 退 使
In the sixth year of Tianhui, campaigning against the Song emperor, he took Yanggu and Shen County, defeated eighty thousand Haizhou troops, and Haizhou surrendered. He destroyed more than ten thousand rebel boats at Liangshan Marsh. He induced the bandit gangs of Tengyang, Dongping, and Mount Tai to surrender. When bandits attacked Fan County, he drove them off and captured seven hundred boats. After Zongbi captured Suiyang, he and Wuyan Puluhun took two thousand men ahead to summon Shouchun and prepared boats on the Huai. Kang Min had gathered four hundred merchant boats near Shouchun; Zhuliesu with four hundred horsemen routed him and killed or captured thousands. With Danghai and Da Gao he defeated one hundred thousand rebels south of the Huai. By the time they reached the Yangzi they had repeatedly defeated Song forces and captured two hundred boats. When Zongbi reached Jiangning, Ali and Puluhun on a separate mission received the surrender of Guangde Army and pressed on toward Hangzhou. A little over ten li from Hangzhou they met two thousand Song ambushers, who captured thirty armored men of the Jin vanguard. Ali ordered his troops to dismount and fight hand to hand; the ambushers were defeated and driven into the water to their deaths. Zongbi reached Yuhang while the Song emperor fled to Mingzhou; Ali and Puluhun with four thousand picked horsemen raided him, broke the Dongguan garrison, crossed the Cao'e River, and defeated Song forces at Gaoqiao. At Mingzhou they suffered considerable losses. The Song emperor had already put to sea, so they withdrew to Yuyao. Zongbi sent Danghai to ferry the army across; they then took Mingzhou, seized the Song defender Zhao Boyu, and advanced to Changguo County. The Song emperor fled from Changguo to Wenzhou; they pursued by sea for more than three hundred li but could not overtake him. They then dismantled Mingzhou and returned north with Zongbi.
13
西
When Ruizong conducted operations in Shaanxi and halted at Jingzhou, Ali first took Weizhou. When Ruizong pressed toward Xihe, Ali, Xiehe, and Han Chang—the three meng'an—led the vanguard. In the twelfth year he and Gao Biao supervised river transport. Song used a fleet to block the Bozhou river route; he defeated them, pursued for more than sixty li, and captured their general Xiao Tong. He broke the Lianshui river-stockade bandits, seized all their large boats, took Lianshui Army, and pacified the region by summoning people back and reassuring them. During the Tianjuan era bandits seized Shizhou; Ali campaigned against them. Niange Husai and his men were first over the wall; they took the city and Shizhou was pacified.
14
Ali was loyal and upright, and possessed great strategic resourcefulness. The brothers were deeply affectionate. The family was wealthy, and he gave his own meng'an post and all his property to his younger brother Aiboli. Aiboli refused to accept them and fled for more than a year, but in the end Ali prevailed upon him to take them.
15
Tuhesu
16
西
Tuhesu was a member of the imperial clan, from Nahan Sai. At first he served under the wanhu Shijianu and once led a detached force against the mountain bandits of Yunzhong. When Zongwang attacked Pingzhou, he sent Tuhesu against the Yingzhou rebels, pacified them, reassured the people, and returned. During the campaign against Song he served in Zonghan's army; with eight mouke units he broke the tens of thousands of garrison troops at Shiling Pass and slaughtered nearly all of them. When the army reached Taiyuan, Qi County had surrendered but rebelled again; Tuhesu attacked and retook it. He advanced and took Wenshui County, then joined the various commanders in encamping along the Fenzhou frontier. The Song commanders Hao Zhonglian and Zhang Sizheng of the Hedong army, Zhang Guansuo of the Shaanxi army, and Zhang's commissioner Ma Zhong united tens of thousands of relief troops; Tuhesu defeated them all.
17
西 使 使
Zonghan marched south as far as Lu and returned while Taiyuan still held out; he left Wanyan Yinzhuke in overall command to secure the region. Song relief forces then arrived in strength; Tuhesu, with Ma Wu and Wolu, routed four thousand Song troops at Wenshui. Learning that Song generals Huang Di and others had fortified three hundred thousand men on the county's western hills, he joined Geng Shouzhong with nine thousand troops, killed more than eighty thousand, and captured horses and supplies in great numbers. Song commissioner Yao Gu marched to Longzhou Valley; Tuhesu and Balisu met him with more than ten thousand infantry and cavalry. Zhong Shizhong held Yuci with one hundred thousand men; Yinzhuke recalled Tuhesu, had him split his force and return, then with Huonu and others united eight thousand troops, routed the Song army, and beheaded Shizhong at Shaxiong Ridge. Song general Zhang Hao encamped one hundred thousand men near Wenshui; Tuhesu again joined Balisu and broke them. When Luzhou rebelled again, the Song force was said to number one hundred seventy thousand; Gunan, Tuhesu, and Balisu were all encircled. Tuhesu ordered his men to dismount and fight with all their strength, and broke out of the encirclement.
18
西 歿 !| 西
When the Jin again marched against Song, Zonghan ordered Lou Shi to lead the vanguard toward Bian. Lou Shi reached Zezhou; Tuhesu and Wolu rode five hundred horses ahead to summon Heyang to surrender. They first seized the Yellow River crossing; more than ten thousand Song troops formed a line with their backs to the water. The Jin pressed the attack, drove them into the river, and Heyang surrendered. After Bianjing fell, the generals turned west toward the Shaanxi crossing and secured the Hedong commanderies and counties. Tuhesu took Xianzhou, routed its relief force, and captured the enemy general alive. The beijing Nonggui Zhulu and others besieged Baode without success; Tuhesu marched to assist, siege ladders and battering rams advanced together, and the city fell. The beijing Wugu attacked Shizhou and suffered repeated defeats, losing three generals and several hundred soldiers. Tuhesu said to Wugu, "The enemy are all foot soldiers—we cannot fight them mounted. Wugu replied, "I hear the rebels use sorcery—they draw horses and bind them to their feet and run faster than chargers. How can foot soldiers ever catch them? Tuhesu laughed and said, "How could there be such a thing!" He then ordered the armies to dismount and fight, and annihilated the enemy. In the sixth year, while Zongfu held Dengzhou, Tuhesu, Ma Wu, and Balisu marched west, took Jun and Fang, and captured both cities. They attacked Tang, Cai, Chenzhou, and Yingchang Prefecture and took them all.
19
使
At the opening of the Tianjuan era, he was made military commissioner of Zhangde Army. In the third year he became left army supervisor on the marshal's staff. In the eighth year of Huangtong he was transferred to governor of Jinan. During the Tiande era he was enfeoffed as Duke of Dingguo and granted a hereditary thousand-household fief. He died at seventy-two. In the second year of Zhenglong he was posthumously enfeoffed as Duke of Yingguo.
20
!|
At first Tuhesu had received his enfeoffment through a secondary wife, so the secondary wife's son inherited the meng'an. When the household divided its property and lived apart, the secondary wife's son took twelve hundred slaves and the primary wife's son eight hundred. In time the primary wife's son contested the inheritance; the dispute dragged on for years and nearly consumed the family fortune. The primary wife's son was left with two hundred slaves, the secondary wife's son with only fifty or sixty. Shizong heard that Tuhesu's sons had fallen into poverty and questioned his close ministers, who explained the long dispute over the inheritance. Shizong said, "How could a secondary wife's son hold the enfeoffment!" and had the eldest son of the primary wife succeed.
21
Wuyan Puluhun
22
紿
Wuyan Puluhun was from Wugu Dihunshan in the Helan circuit. His father Beigula was a senior general in the Dragon and Tiger Guard. Puluhun's strength was unmatched—he could draw a heavy bow and shoot two hundred seventy paces. He and his elder brother Hushahu, noted for courage and vigor, entered Zhamu's service and served in his personal retinue. At the assault on Huanglong Prefecture he fought fiercely and earned distinction. After Zhamu was defeated at Rabbit-Ear Mountain, Zhang Jue regrouped and advanced again, and none of the generals dared give battle. Puluhun climbed the hill to reconnoiter, then misled the other generals, saying, "The enemy are few—a quick strike can break them. If they reach the city, we shall not be able to stop them again. They joined battle and routed the enemy.
23
When Guo Yaoshi and Cai Jing surrendered Yanjing, Puluhun rode ahead with ninety men to see whether the townspeople would stay or flee. He then led one thousand Han troops under Wanyan Mengshi in the attack on Zhending. Advancing against Zanhuang, he took the city and captured more than ten thousand people, livestock, and sets of arms and armor. When Bian fell, night was falling but the Song still fought hard; a spear pierced Puluhun's hand, yet he fought all the harder, broke the Song force, and was rewarded with fifty taels of gold.
24
西 西
Ruizong was deputy commander-in-chief on the right; after securing the passes and Shaanxi, the Jin debated taking the prefectures beyond Jian and captured Heshangyuan. The marshal's headquarters, acting on delegated authority, made Puluhun overall commander of Hebei West Route forces. When the Song emperor was at Yangzhou, Puluhun and Mengshi led ten thousand horsemen against him; he had already crossed the Yangzi, and they routed his remaining troops. Later he followed Zongbi with Xie Mao Ali from west of the Huai, crossed the river, and took Jiangning. Zongbi entered Hangzhou while the Song emperor fled to Mingzhou and then to Wenzhou; they pursued by sea more than three hundred li, dismantled Mingzhou, and returned—the full account is in Ali's biography.
25
In the second year of Tianjuan he was made General Who Pacifies the State and assigned to Anguo Army, but resigned on account of illness. In the sixth year of Huangtong he received a hereditary mouke, was recalled as governor of Yan'an, was granted a set of imperial robes, and soon retired. When Hailing moved the capital to Zhongdu, Puluhun was recalled as governor of Guide; the appointment reached him at home along with a silver tablet, ceremonial robes, and a jade gyrfalcon, and he traveled by post relay to take up office. Puluhun stayed only a few weeks—already past the deadline for taking office—and was again allowed to retire. Summoned to the capital, he met Hailing at the hunting grounds in Jizhou. The next day on the hunt he caught a fox. Hailing said, "You are old, yet you can still gallop in the chase and bring down game—so vigorous and quick as this. He was granted imperial robes and enfeoffed as Duke of Bin. He was made Junior Tutor to the Crown Prince, promoted to Grand Tutor, transferred to governor of Zhending, and appointed to preside over the Greater Imperial Clan Affairs.
26
西 !|
Soon afterward, on the campaign against Song, he served in his existing post as deputy commander of the Right Army. When the army halted at West Caishi, Hailing meant to cross the river; Puluhun said, "Song ships are large and high; ours are low and small—I fear we cannot cross at once. Hailing angrily replied, "When you followed the Prince of Liang in chasing Zhao Gou to the islands, were they all great ships! Now you would discourage my campaign! Even if we cannot cross at once, the loss would be slight. You are seventy; even if you spare yourself, is there any man who does not die? Tomorrow I shall cross first with Bendu. He then changed his mind and held Puluhun back, sending another general across first; the boats were too small to fight, the crossing failed, and two meng'an with more than two hundred soldiers were lost. After Hailing was killed, the army withdrew.
27
宿
In the second year of Dading he came to Zhongdu to pay homage and was appointed military governor of the Eastern Capital. Shizong summoned him and asked his age; he answered, "Your subject is seventy-three this year. The emperor said, "You are an old campaigner, long versed in war; though your years are many, your spirit has not faded. He therefore ordered that once in office Puluhun need attend to affairs only once each ten-day month. He received a set of robes, was promoted to Grand Master of the State with honors equal to the Three Excellencies, and remained Duke of Bin. That year he died. In the eighteenth year his grandson Zhahu was made General of Expansive Might, inherited the hereditary meng'an of Wugu Dihunshan, and personally administered its mouke.
28
Chi Zhanhui
29
使
Chi Zhanhui, styled Zhongming, came of a line that had submitted to the Liao and lived at Zhanghuang Fort, whence they sometimes took Zhang as a surname. Later the family settled at Laizhou. Hui was imposing in stature, open-handed and resolute. In youth he studied at the district school. In the late Liao, for suppressing bandits he was made Vice Commissioner of Ceremonial Reception and commanded garrison troops in Lai, Xi, Qian, and Run. In the sixth year of Tianfu he submitted and was still allowed to lead his followers; he followed Zhamu in securing Yizhou, Jinzhou, and other prefectures of Xingzhong. He shared in the merit of breaking Zhang Jue, supplied fifteen thousand shi of grain to the army, and was appointed prefect of Mingzhou.
30
When Zongwang first marched against Song, at Mengyang the enemy center drove straight at Zongwang's camp; Hui and the other generals routed them and pursued to the foot of the walls. By the time the army returned, he had won repeated battle honors. The next year, on the second campaign against Song, they took Baozhou and Zhending, and Hui fought throughout. Advancing to besiege Bian, he drove off twenty thousand Song troops who came out by night to burn the siege engines, using two mouke units. Whenever the city sent troops out to fight, wherever Hui was posted the Jin prevailed.
31
使
After the conquest of Song he joined the attack on Hejian. When the enemy general Li Cheng marched from Xiong and Mo to relieve the city, Hui met him with his detachment; his horse was wounded and he fell, but he sprang up and fought on foot until Cheng's force was broken. That day he fought seven engagements and won them all; many enemies were driven to their deaths in the moats, and Hui took several arrows in both arms. The rebel general Liu with twenty thousand men raided the camp by night; Hui fought until dawn and put them to rout, drowning many in the water. Hui pressed the walls and fought on for months until the armies converged from four sides and the city fell. He was additionally made circuit intendant of Guizhou and remained to pacify Hejian. By then the people had been plundered by the soldiers until scarcely any old or young survived. Hui ordered the army to allow the people to be ransomed and returned. Before long the district was settled and at peace again.
32
使
He followed Ruizong in securing Shandong; after Qingzhou fell he again followed Zhamu against Weizhou. Hui ordered his officers to scale the walls first; the defenders piled fodder and reeds, set fires on the wind, and hurled catapult stones; Hui led his men through the flames and fighting defeated them. On the return march he again broke the enemy at Fan Bridge with thirty horsemen. The marshal's headquarters, acting on delegated authority, additionally made him military commissioner of Jingjiang Army. They pressed the attack; defenders fired catapults from the city that nearly hit Hui, grazing his armor and tearing his garments. Hui redoubled the assault and finally took the city. He again took part in the attack on Sizhou and captured it. On the return march he encamped at Wenyang, defeated rebel forces at Liangshan Marsh, and captured more than a thousand boats. He marched against Jizhou; after routing the enemy he paraded before the walls and urged surrender with warnings of ruin, and the city capitulated. Hui kept his troops under strict discipline and allowed no plunder; thereafter Caozhou, Shanzhou, and neighboring prefectures submitted without a fight.
33
He fought at Shouchun and Guide, served as vanguard in the Huai crossing, defeated stiff resistance at Xiu and Suzhou, and advanced as far as Yuhang. He did much of the work of keeping supplies moving and bridges and roads in repair. On the return he brought back the printing blocks of the Zizhi Tongjian. When the main army passed through Jiangning and forced officials and civilians north, summer heat and plague left the old and weak dying along the roads. Prefect Chen Bangguang appealed to Zongbi, who angrily ordered his execution. Hui said, "This is a man of honor. He pleaded forcefully on Chen's behalf and saved his life.
34
使 使
At Fuping Hui commanded the right wing and was defeated in the mud; Ruizong, mindful of his earlier service, had him flogged and released. When the army reached Xihe, Hui separately induced various fortress commanders, military inspectors, and Tibetan chiefs to submit, along with more than fifteen thousand households. When Lanzhou rebelled, he joined Elubu and others in retaking it and sent up as captives Hezhou pacification commissioner Bai Chang and Xihe deputy commander Liu Weifu. On the return he attacked Qingyang, twice routed heavy opposition, and killed the Song general Dai Chao. After the campaign he was made military commissioner of Guide Army.
35
使
Song Prefecture had had no school; Hui built one, urged students to study, and exempted scholars from corvée; enrollment grew quickly. A county slave named Wang Kui had once prepared for the jinshi examinations; Hui paid five hundred thousand cash to free him and see him through his studies, and Wang later rose to high office. When Mizhou clerk Pang Yi died in office, his orphaned family was too poor to bury him; Hui arranged the funeral and supported the household.
36
使
Da Gao, formerly Tabuye, came of Liaoyang stock; his forebears had served the Liao for generations and risen to distinction. When Taizu attacked the Liao, the Liao conscripted at Liaoyang; Gao was in his twenties and was drafted. When the Liao army collapsed, Gao fled to Ningjiang. After Ningjiang fell he scaled the walls to escape but was captured; Taizu questioned him about his lineage and took him into his household. In Shouguo 2 he was appointed mouke over the Xi people of the Eastern Capital. Fresh from defeating Gao Yongchang, the Jin still held only part of the Eastern Capital region; Gao was sent to watch for unrest in the surrounding districts. He reported everything he learned; Taizu judged him trustworthy and made him meng'an, also deputy commissioner of the Eastern Capital garrison.
37
西 使
In the capture of the Central and Western capitals he served under Zhamu. When two hundred thousand Liao troops gave battle, the Prince of Wu ordered Gao's unit to guard the camp; Gao begged to fight and was refused. Someone asked Gao, "Fighting is dangerous—why do you alone keep insisting? Gao replied, "What is a man worth if he never settles the issue in battle? Even defeat in battle is better than never having fought. The Prince of Wu was stirred by this and sent him into battle. In the fighting Zhamu's line fell back and the Liao pressed the pursuit; Gao swung his unit in a flank attack and killed hundreds, winning renown in the army.
38
使
In Tianhui 3 Zongwang invaded Song; Xinde Prefecture stood between Yan and Bian and could anchor the army in a crisis, but a direct assault might not succeed quickly and opinion was divided. Gao alone led his unit: sharpshooters pinned the wall towers while picked troops scaled a corner and took the city. The next year at Xunzhou the Song had burned the river bridge; Zongwang proclaimed that whoever crossed first would win the highest distinction. Gao seized a dozen boats, sent bold men across to rout the defenders and capture the river fort, and the whole army followed.
39
In the eighth month, on the second Song campaign, he was made wanhu and awarded a gold tablet. After the fall of Bianjing, Gao became overall commander of Hejian Circuit. After Hejian fell, Zhamu angry at its delay in surrender unleashed a general sack; Gao stopped it and the state ransomed what had already been taken. He was appointed prefect of Hejian and joined the attack on Xiqing Prefecture. A day earlier Gao had his men ready baskets, shovels, and kindling; when the assault began other generals were still preparing siege gear and had not yet sounded the drum, but Gao's troops were ready and scaled the walls first. The commander charged Gao with fighting before the drum—a breach of orders—but the court pardoned him and rewarded him as usual.
40
西
When Zongbi crossed the Huai in the Jiangnan campaign, Song general Shi Kangmin met him with one hundred seventy thousand men; Gao joined the attack with his unit and routed them. With two thousand cavalry and Danghai he defeated one hundred thousand Huainan rebels, killed more than ten thousand, and Wang Shan submitted. As the army prepared to cross the Yangzi, Gao's men led the way; still far from shore they found Song troops massed at the mouth; Gao saw the water was fordable, ordered his men to abandon the boats and charge through the shallows, put the Song to flight, and opened the way for the main force. Soon west of Jiangning they met Du Chong's sixty thousand men; Gao and Hulubu drove them off. After the campaign Gao stayed behind as overall commander of Yangzhou, controlling the Huai coast and Gaoyou region. He again served as prefect of Hejian and concurrently commanded Hebei East Route forces.
41
In the eleventh year he was received in audience; Taizong seated him and spoke at length in praise; he was promoted to Grand Guardian of the Heir Apparent, given clothing, two horses with tack and armor, and made vice overseer of the right under the Marshalate. When the puppet Qi state was abolished, Gao was left to guard Bianjing. Xizong, mindful of Gao's long service, sent a personal letter of special favor. In Tianjuan 3 the Han and Bohai thousand-household mouke posts were abolished, but Gao as an elder servant was alone allowed to keep his hereditary thousand-household rank. That year he was made right army overseer of the Marshalate.
42
使
When Zongbi invaded Song again the Song sued for peace and the army withdrew; Gao alone stayed at Bian to administer the marshal headquarters. In Huangtong 3 he was made Grand Master of the State with Unequalled Honor. In the eighth year he was promoted to left army overseer. In Tiande 2 he became vice commander-in-chief of the right and concurrently left vice director of the Branch Secretariat. He was made grand councillor of Branch Secretariat affairs and right chancellor of the Branch Secretariat while retaining his post as vice commander-in-chief of the right. Hailing distrusted left vice commander Salihua; making him left chancellor of the Branch Secretariat, he set Gao to spy on him and barred Salihua from military deliberations. Unaware of Hailing's purpose, Salihua quarreled with Gao over military affairs and lost ground, and the two came to enmity. Hailing eventually executed Salihua, recalled Gao to court, made him right chancellor of the Department of State Affairs, and enfeoffed him as Prince of Shenlu Commandery.
43
使
Pan, formerly Pusuyue, was the son of a senior minister; he rose through the ranks to prefect of Dengzhou and inherited a meng'an post. In Dading 3 he was appointed prefect of Songzhou and served with distinction under Pusan Zhongyi against the Song. In the fifth year he was recalled as master of seals and talismans and promoted to chief commander of the Arch Guardian Guard.
44
使使 使 使使
At first Pan received only one rank for his service against the Song; he considered it slight and said so openly. When the emperor heard, officials investigated; Pan was flogged one hundred fifty strokes and demoted to Left Guard General. When the court sought good bows Pan helped himself to many; he also swapped out guards on palace duty at his own whim. Guard Loushi reported him; the Inspection Office was ordered to investigate. Pan's sister served in the palace as Baolin; Pan had the eunuch Seng'er Yuansizhong tell her, "I am innocent—the investigators are forcing me to incriminate myself. Baolin appealed to the emperor, who had Seng'er flogged one hundred strokes and banished Pan to defender of Longzhou. The emperor warned him: "You hold a post close to the throne yet insist on your own way; for your father's sake I will not discard you utterly—take an outside assignment and consider your conduct. He was made defender of Bozhou, then military commissioner of Wuning Army, and was eventually stripped of rank for misconduct. He was later restored as prefect of Hanzhou. He was transferred to Qizhou, again ran afoul of the law, lost four ranks, and was dismissed.
45
Long afterward the Department of State Affairs recommended Da Pan for routine advancement; the emperor replied, "Violent men who repeatedly break the law cannot be restored. Grand Tutor Da Gao has no other legitimate heir; his hereditary meng'an and mouke must not pass to anyone else."
46
Alibu
47
祿
During the Dading reign meritorious ministers were lavishly honored with portraits enshrined in Yanqing Palace. Huandu died under Kangzong before the campaigns against Liao and Song, yet among non-Jurchen ministers none ranked before him. The second rank at Yanqing Palace was therefore set as: Huandu, Duke of Dai; Shimen, Prince of Jinyuan Commandery; Hunchu, Duke of Xu; Manduhe, Duke of Zheng; Shigunai, Duke of Pu; Pucha, Duke of Ji; Xie Mao Ali, Duke of Han; Balisu, left army overseer of the Marshalate; Pucha Shijianu, Duke of Lu; Meng Shi, Grand Master for Splendid Happiness with Silver Seal and Purple Ribbon; Huonü, Duke of Sui; Tuhesu, Special Advancement; Poluhuo, Duke of Qi; Wuyan Puluhun, Grand Master of the State with Unequalled Honor; Alubu, Grand Master of the State with Unequalled Honor; Ulin Da Taiyu, General-in-Chief Who Guards the State; Xu, Grand Preceptor directing the Three Departments; Da Gao, Grand Tutor; Chi Zhanhui, metropolitan prefect of Daxing; Yelü Mawu, General-in-Chief of the Golden Crow Guard; Han Chang, General-in-Chief of the Flying Cavalry Guard; and Alibu—all were enshrined for their merit. His sons Yan and Fang; Yan has his own biography.
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Fang
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西 使 西使 沿 便 耀 使
Fang, a clansman who rose through accumulated appointments, became vice prefect of the Jingzhao capital district and was transferred to overall commander of the Shaanxi circuit army. Fang trafficked in bribes and neglected military affairs; the emperor warned him, "You are an old clansman, yet you break the law for profit—I find this repugnant. If you do this again, from this day forward, you will be punished without mercy. In Dading 3 he was made vice overseer of the right under the Marshalate, then left army overseer, then military commissioner of Shuntian Army; the emperor said, "You had no merit yet held high office, quarreled constantly with colleagues, and in Jingzhao your greed was notorious—this is absurd. You are past middle age; I expect you to mend your ways—do not repeat this. He was appointed pacification commissioner of the Southwest Route; the court named Military Affairs Bureau director Gaotong pacification vice commissioner to assist him. The emperor told Gaotong, "When you reach Tiande, do not yield to Fang simply because he outranks you. Inspect the border troops: do not keep weak men, and do not let servants stand in for military service. By Jurchen custom, feasts were for riding and archery. Chess and backgammon have taken over; forbid them and restore riding and archery. Let men train where they live; do not summon them needlessly and disturb them. In time Fang was demoted one rank, dismissed, and made prefect of Yaozhou for forcibly buying two horses from a subordinate. Gaotong was also stripped of rank for corruption. Fang later became military commissioner of Henghai Army, also served as co-signer of the Court of the Imperial Clan, and as signatory of the Bureau of Military Affairs.
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The encomium says: Xie Mao Ali, Tuhesu, Wuyan Puluhun, Chi Zhanhui, Da Gao, and Alibu—since Shouguo bear-and-tiger warriors and loyal-hearted ministers all—performed deeds worth recording.
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