Volume 87 Biographies 25: Geshiliezhining, Pusan Zhongyi, Tu Danhexi

紇石烈志寧

Geshilie Zhining

紇石烈志寧，本名撒曷輦，上京胡塔安人。自五代祖太尉韓赤以來，與國家世為甥舅。父撒八，海陵時賜名懷忠，為泰州路顏河世襲謀克，轉猛安，嘗為東平尹、開遠軍節度使。志寧沉毅有大略，娶梁王宗弼女永安縣主，宗弼于諸婿中最愛之。皇統間，為護衛。海陵以為右宣徽使，出為汾陽軍節度使，入為兵部尚書，改左宣徽使、都點檢，遷樞密副使，開封尹。

Geshilie Zhining—whose original name was Sahelian—came from Hutà'an in the Upper Capital. Since their fifth-generation ancestor Grand Commandant Han Chi, the family had been linked to the dynasty by marriage for generations. His father Saba received the name Huaizhong from Emperor Hailing, held the hereditary mengke post at Yanhe in Taizhou Route, rose to meng'an rank, and had served as Intendant of Dongping and as Military Commissioner of Kaiyuan. Zhining was composed, resolute, and far-sighted. He married Princess Yong'an, daughter of Prince Liang Zongbi, whom Zongbi loved best among all his sons-in-law. During the Huangtong period he served in the Imperial Guard. Emperor Hailing made him Right Commissioner of the Palace Secretariat, then sent him out as Military Commissioner of Fenyang, recalled him as Minister of War, reassigned him as Left Commissioner of the Palace Secretariat and Chief Inspector, and later promoted him to Vice Commissioner of the Privy Council and Intendant of Kaifeng.

契丹撒八反，樞密使僕散忽土、北京留守蕭賾、西京留守蕭懷忠皆以征討無功，坐誅。於是，志寧為北面副統，與都統白彥敬，以北京、臨潢、泰州三路軍討之。志寧至北京，而海陵伐宋已渡淮。彥敬、志寧聞世宗有異志，乃陰結會甯尹完顏蒲速賚、利涉軍節度使獨吉義，將攻之。而世宗已即位，使石抹移迭、移剌曷補來招，彥敬、志寧殺其使者九人。世宗使完顏謀衍來伐，眾不肯戰，乃與彥敬俱降。世宗問曰：「正隆暴虐，人望既絕，朕以太祖之孫即大位。汝殺我使者，又不能為正隆死節，恐為人所圖，然後來降。朕今殺汝等，將何辭？」彥敬未有以對，志寧前奏曰：「臣等受正隆厚恩，所以不降，罪當萬死。」上曰：「汝輩初心亦可謂忠於所事，自今事朕，宜勉忠節。」

When the Khitan leader Saba rose in rebellion, Privy Council Commissioner Pusan Hutu and the regents of the Northern and Western capitals, Xiao Ze and Xiao Huaizhong, were all put to death for their failed campaigns. Zhining was then made deputy commander of the northern front and, together with Commander-in-Chief Bai Yanjing, took the forces of the Beijing, Linhuang, and Taizhou circuits to suppress the rebellion. By the time Zhining reached the Northern Capital, Emperor Hailing's southern campaign had already carried his armies across the Huai. Hearing that Shizong was plotting a coup, Yanjing and Zhining secretly allied with Huining Intendant Wanyan Pusulai and Lishe Military Commissioner Duji Yi and prepared to strike him. Shizong had already ascended the throne, however, and sent Shimoyidie and Yila Habu to win them over; Yanjing and Zhining killed nine of the envoys. When Shizong sent Wanyan Moyan against them, the army would not fight, and Zhining surrendered together with Yanjing. Shizong questioned them: "Zhenglong was cruel and tyrannical, and the people had turned from him. I, as a grandson of Taizu, have taken the throne. You killed my envoys, yet you could not die in loyalty to Zhenglong; you feared others would plot against you and only then came to submit. If I put you to death now, what defense can you offer?" Yanjing had no answer. Zhining stepped forward and said, "We owed Zhenglong deep favor; that is why we would not submit. Our crime deserves death ten thousand times over." The emperor said, "Your first loyalty was still loyalty to your lord. From now on, serve me with the same steadfast devotion."

世宗使紮八招窩斡，紮八乃勸之，遂稱帝。世宗使右副元帥完顏謀衍征之，志寧以臨海節度使，都統右翼軍。窩斡敗於長濼，西走，志寧追及於霿𩃭河。賊已先渡，依岸為陣，毀橋岸以為阻。志寧與賊夾河，為疑兵，與萬戶夾穀清臣、徒單海羅於下流涉渡。已渡，前有支港岸鬥絕，其中泥濘，乃束柳填藉，士卒畢濟。行數裏，得平地，將士方食，賊奄至。賊據南岡，三馳下志寧陣。陣堅，力戰，流矢中左臂，戰自若。賊據上風縱火，乘煙勢馳擊。志寧步軍繼至，轉戰十餘合，火益熾，風煙突人，不可當。會雨作，風煙乃熄，遂奮擊，大破之。於是，元帥謀衍、右監軍福壽不急擊賊，久無功，右丞僕散忠義請自討賊，而志寧擊賊有功，上以忠義代謀衍，志寧代福壽，封定國公，使蒲察通至軍中宣諭之。賊略懿州界，陷靈山、同昌、惠和三縣，睥睨北京。會土河水漲，賊不得渡，乃西趨三韓縣。志寧方追躡之，元帥忠義與賊遇於花道，軍頗失利。賊見志寧踵其後，不敢乘勝，遂西走。是時，大軍馬瘦弱，不堪追襲，諸將欲止軍勿追。志寧獲賊候人，知賊自選精銳，與老小輜重分道，期山后會集，可擊其輜重。忠義以為然，遂過移馬嶺，進及嫋嶺西陷泉。賊見左翼據南岡為陣，不敢犯。右翼萬戶烏延查剌擊賊少卻，志寧與夾穀清臣等擊之，賊眾大敗，涉水走。窩斡母徐輦舉營由落括岡西去，志寧追及之，盡獲其輜重，俘五萬餘人，雜畜不可勝計。偽節度使六，及其部族皆降。窩斡走奚中，至七渡河，志寧複敗之。賊過渾嶺，入于奚中。志寧獲賊將稍合住，釋弗殺，許以官賞，縱之歸，約以捕窩斡自效。稍合住既去，見窩斡，秘不言見獲事，乃反間奚人於窩斡曰：「陷泉失利，奚人有貳志，不可不察。」當是時，窩斡屢敗，其下亦各有心，稍合住乃與賊帥神獨斡執窩斡，詣右都監完顏思敬降。志寧與萬戶清臣，宗甯、速哥等，追捕餘黨至燕子城，盡得所畜善馬，因至抹拔裏達之地，悉獲之。逆党既平，入朝，為左副元帥，賜以玉帶。

Shizong sent Zhaba to bring Wowo in, but Zhaba encouraged him instead, and Wowo thereupon declared himself emperor. Shizong dispatched Right Deputy Commander-in-Chief Wanyan Moyan to suppress him; Zhining, serving as Military Commissioner of Linhai, commanded the army's right wing. Wowo was defeated at Changchi and fled westward; Zhining caught up with him at the Menglong River. The rebels had crossed first, formed their line along the far bank, and wrecked the bridge and shoreline to block pursuit. Zhining held the rebels in place across the river with a feint, while Commanders Jiagu Qingchen and Tudan Hailuo crossed downstream. Once across, they found a side channel with sheer banks and deep mud; they packed it with bundled willows until every man had crossed. They marched several li to open ground, and the troops had just sat down to eat when the rebels struck without warning. The rebels held the southern ridge and charged Zhining's line three times. The line held. Zhining fought on fiercely; a stray arrow struck his left arm, yet he fought as if nothing had happened. The rebels took the windward ground, set fires, and charged through the smoke. Zhining's infantry came up, and the battle raged through more than ten exchanges; the flames grew hotter, wind and smoke swept into the ranks, and the position could not be held. Rain then broke, the wind and smoke cleared, and they pressed the attack and broke the enemy completely. Commander Moyan and Right Army Supervisor Fushou had been slow to press the rebels and achieved nothing for a long time. Right Chancellor Pusan Zhongyi asked to take the field himself. Because Zhining had distinguished himself in battle, the emperor replaced Moyan with Zhongyi and Fushou with Zhining, created Zhining Duke of Dingguo, and sent Pucha Tong to the army to announce the honors. The rebels overran the Yizhou frontier, took the counties of Ling Shan, Tongchang, and Huihe, and turned their eyes toward the Northern Capital. The Tuhun River was in flood and the rebels could not cross, so they hurried west toward Sanhan County. Zhining was pressing the pursuit when Commander Zhongyi met the rebels at Huadao and the army took heavy losses. Seeing Zhining close on their heels, the rebels dared not press their advantage and fled westward. The army's horses were exhausted and unfit for pursuit, and the generals urged a halt. Zhining captured a rebel scout and learned that the rebels had sent their picked troops ahead while families and baggage took another route, planning to reunite beyond the mountains—so their train could be attacked. Zhongyi agreed, crossed Yima Ridge, and advanced to Xianquan west of Niaoling. The rebels saw the left wing holding the southern ridge in battle order and did not dare attack. Right-wing Commander Wuyan Zhala checked the rebels; Zhining and Jiagu Qingchen then struck, routing the rebel host, which fled splashing through the water. Wowo's mother Xu Nian led the camp west from Luokuo Ridge. Zhining overtook them, seized the entire baggage train, took more than fifty thousand captives, and livestock beyond count. Six rebel military commissioners and their clans all submitted. Wowo fled into Xi territory; at Seven Crossings River Zhining defeated him again. The rebels crossed Hun Ridge and withdrew deep into Xi country. Zhining captured the rebel general Shaohezhu, spared his life, promised rank and reward, and sent him back on the pledge that he would deliver Wowo. Shaohezhu returned to Wowo and hid his capture, then sowed distrust among the Xi, telling Wowo, "Our defeat at Xianquan shows the Xi are wavering—you must watch them closely." Wowo had already suffered defeat after defeat, and his followers were divided. Shaohezhu then joined the rebel chieftain Shenduwo, seized Wowo, and surrendered him to Right Army Supervisor Wanyan Sijing. Zhining, Qingchen, Zongning, Suge, and others hunted the remaining rebels to Swallow City, seized all their fine horses, and then swept Mobalida territory as well. With the rebellion crushed, he returned to court as Left Deputy Commander-in-Chief and received an imperial jade belt.

經略宋事，駐軍睢陽，都元帥忠義居南京，節制諸軍。宋將黃觀察據蔡州，楊思據潁昌。志寧使完顏王祥複取蔡州，黃觀察遁去。完顏襄攻潁州，拔之，獲楊思。乃移牒宋樞密使張浚，使依皇統以來舊式，浚複書曰：「謹遣使者至麾下議之。」是時，宋得窩斡黨人括裏、紮八，用其謀攻靈璧、虹縣，都統奚撻不也叛入于宋，遂陷宿州。括裏等謀曰：「北人恃騎射，戰勝攻取。今夏月久雨，膠解，弓不可用。」故李世輔與之來攻宿州。歸德尹術甲撒速、宿州防禦使烏林答剌撒、萬戶溫蒂罕速可、裴滿婁室，不守約束，不肯堅壁俟大軍，輒出與戰，由是軍敗，城陷。剌撒嘗遣人入宋界貿易，交通李世輔，受其賂遺，久之，事覺，伏誅。謀克賽一坐故知不舉，除名。撻不也母斡裏懶，緣坐當死，上曰：「撻不也背國棄母，殺之何益？朕閔其老。」遂原其死。詔撒速、剌撒、速可、婁室各杖有差，撒速、剌撒仍解職。世輔自以為得志，日與括裏、紮八置酒高會。志寧以精兵萬人，發自睢陽，趨宿州。中使來督軍，志寧附奏曰：「此役不煩聖慮，臣但恐世輔遁去耳。」世輔聞志寧軍止萬人，甚易之，曰：「當令十人執一人也。」括裏等問候人所見上將旗幟，知是志寧，謂世輔曰：「此撒合輦監軍也，軍至萬人，慎毋輕之。」大定三年五月二十日，志寧將至宿州，乃令從軍盡執旗幟，駐州西為疑兵，三猛安兵駐州南。志寧自以大軍駐州東南，厄其歸路。世輔望見州西兵旌旗蔽野，果謂大軍在州西，而謂東南兵少不足慮，先擊之。以步騎數萬，皆執盾，背城為陣，外以行馬捍之。使別將將兵三千，出自東門，欲自陣後攻志寧軍，萬戶蒲查擊敗之。右翼萬戶夾穀清臣為前行，撤毀行馬，短兵接戰，世輔軍亂，諸將乘之，追殺至城下。是夕，世輔盡按敗將，將斬之，其統制常吉懼而來奔，盡得城中虛實。明日，世輔悉兵出戰，騎兵居前，志寧使夾穀清臣當之。世輔別將以五六千騎為一隊，與清臣遇，清臣踵擊之，宋將不能反旆。志寧麾諸軍力戰，世輔複大敗，走者自相蹈藉，僵屍相枕，爭城門而入。門填塞，人人自阻，遂緣城而上。我軍自濠外射之，往往墮死於隍間。殺騎士萬五千，步卒三萬餘人。世輔乘夜脫走。明日，夾穀清臣、張師忠追及世輔，斬首四千余，赴水死者不可勝計，獲甲三萬，他兵仗甚眾。上以禦服金線袍、玉吐鶻、賓鐵佩刀，使移剌道就軍中賜之。凡有功將士，猛安、謀克並如陝西遷賞，蒲輦進官三階、重彩三端、絹六匹，旗鼓笛手、吏人各賜錢十貫。詔志寧曰：「卿雖年少，前征契丹戰功居最，今複破大敵，朕甚嘉之。」

He took charge of operations against Song and encamped at Suiyang, while Commander-in-Chief Zhongyi remained at Nanjing to direct all forces. The Song officer known as Inspector Huang held Caizhou, and Yang Si held Yingchang. Zhining sent Wanyan Wangxiang to retake Caizhou, and Inspector Huang fled. Wanyan Xiang stormed Yingzhou, took the city, and captured Yang Si. He then wrote to Song Privy Council Commissioner Zhang Jun, urging a return to the diplomatic forms used since Huangtong. Jun replied, "I shall send envoys to your headquarters to discuss the matter." By then the Song had taken Wowo's followers Kuoli and Zhaba, followed their advice to strike Lingbi and Hong County, and when Commander Xi Tabuye defected, Suzhou fell. Kuoli and the others argued, "The northerners depend on horse archery to win battles and storm cities. This summer the rains have lasted so long that bow glue has softened and their bows are useless." That is why Li Shifu joined them in the attack on Suzhou. Guide Intendant Shujia Sasu, Suzhou Defense Commissioner Ulinada Lasa, Commander Wendihan Suke, and Peiman Loushi ignored orders, refused to hold the walls until the main force arrived, and sallied out to fight; the army was beaten and the city lost. Lasa had sent men into Song territory to trade, maintained contact with Li Shifu, and accepted his bribes; when the affair came to light he was put to death. Mengke Saiyi, who had known of the dealings but failed to report them, was struck from the rolls. Tabuye's mother Wolilan was implicated and sentenced to death. The emperor said, "Tabuye betrayed his country and abandoned his mother—what good would it do to kill her? I pity her for her age." Her sentence was remitted. Sasu, Lasa, Suke, and Loushi were ordered flogged in varying degrees, and Sasu and Lasa were also dismissed from their posts. Shifu, flush with success, held lavish banquets every day with Kuoli and Zhaba. Zhining marched from Suiyang with ten thousand picked troops toward Suzhou. When an imperial envoy came to hurry the army forward, Zhining added a note: "This battle need not trouble Your Majesty; I only fear that Shifu may slip away." Hearing that Zhining had only ten thousand men, Shifu thought the odds laughable and said, "Ten of ours ought to take one of theirs." Kuoli and the others questioned the scouts about the command banners, recognized Zhining, and warned Shifu, "That is Sahelian himself in command. Even with only ten thousand men, do not underestimate him." On the twentieth day of the fifth month in the third year of Dading, as Zhining approached Suzhou, he had every man raise banners west of the city as a feint and posted three meng'an units to the south. Zhining himself took the main force to the southeast and cut off the enemy's retreat. Shifu saw the banners west of the city covering the plain, assumed the main Jin force was there, dismissed the smaller force to the southeast, and struck it first. He drew up tens of thousands of infantry and cavalry with shields, formed his line with the city at his back, and screened the front with field barriers. He sent a secondary commander with three thousand men out the east gate to hit Zhining from behind, but Commander Pucha routed them. Right-wing Commander Jiagu Qingchen led the van, tore down the barriers, and closed for hand-to-hand fighting. Shifu's army broke, the Jin generals pressed the attack, and the pursuit reached the city wall. That night Shifu lined up his defeated officers for execution. His controller Chang Ji, terrified, defected and told the Jin everything about the city's defenses. The next day Shifu committed his whole army with cavalry in the van; Zhining sent Jiagu Qingchen to meet them. Shifu's subordinates came up in bodies of five or six thousand horsemen. Qingchen struck them from behind and drove them so hard the Song commanders could not wheel about. Zhining drove every unit into the fight. Shifu was routed again. Fugitives trampled one another, corpses lay in heaps, and men fought to squeeze through the gates. The gates clogged and men blocked one another, so they scrambled up the walls instead. Jin archers shot from beyond the moat, and many Song soldiers fell dead into the ditch below. Fifteen thousand cavalry and more than thirty thousand infantry were killed. Shifu slipped away under cover of night. The next day Jiagu Qingchen and Zhang Shizhong caught Shifu, took more than four thousand heads, and drowned so many that the number could not be counted. They seized thirty thousand suits of armor and a vast store of other arms. The emperor sent Yila Dao to the camp with an imperial gold-thread robe, a jade hunting hawk, and a treasured steel belt knife. Every officer and soldier who had earned merit was rewarded on the scale used in the Shaanxi campaign. Pulian officers were promoted three ranks and given three bolts of fine silk and six of plain silk; drummers, pipers, and clerks each received ten strings of cash. An edict told Zhining, "You are still young, yet in the Khitan campaign your merit ranked first, and now you have broken a great enemy again. I am deeply pleased."

宋人議和不能決，都元帥僕散忠義移軍泰和，志寧移軍臨渙，遂渡淮，徒單克寧取盱眙、濠、廬、和、滁等州。宋人懼，乃決意請和。使者六七往反，議遂定，宋世為侄國，約歲幣二十萬兩、匹。魏杞奉誓書入見，複通好。志寧還軍睢陽，上以禦服、玉佩刀、通犀禦帶賜之。詔曰：「靈璧、虹縣、宿州兵士死者，朕實閔焉。宜歸葬鄉里，官為齎送，人賻錢三十貫。」鳳翔尹孛術魯定方以下猛安謀克，官為致祭。定方賻銀五百兩、重彩二十端，猛安三百貫，謀克二百貫，蒲裏衍一百貫，權猛安二百貫，權謀克一百五十貫，權蒲裏衍七十貫。

The Song could not agree on peace terms. Commander Pusan Zhongyi shifted to Taihe, Zhining to Linhuan, and the Jin crossed the Huai. Tudan Kening took Xuyi, Hao, Lu, He, Chu, and other prefectures. Alarmed, the Song at last resolved to sue for peace. After six or seven rounds of envoys the terms were fixed: the Song would accept nephew-state status and pay annual tribute of two hundred thousand taels and bolts of silk. Wei Qi presented the sworn treaty and was received at court, and friendly relations were restored. Zhining brought the army back to Suiyang, and the emperor gave him imperial robes, a jade belt knife, and a rhinoceros-horn imperial belt. An edict said, "The soldiers who fell at Lingbi, Hong County, and Suzhou weigh on my heart. Let them be sent home for burial, with officials to convey the remains, and let each family receive thirty strings of cash in condolence." From Fengxiang Intendant Boshulu Dingfang down through the meng'an and mengke ranks, officials were to perform the funeral rites. Dingfang was to receive five hundred taels of silver and twenty bolts of fine silk; meng'an three hundred strings, mengke two hundred, puliyan one hundred, acting meng'an two hundred, acting mengke one hundred fifty, and acting puliyan seventy.

五年三月，忠義朝京師，志寧駐軍南京。五月，志寧召至京師，拜平章政事，左副元帥如故。志寧複還軍，賜玉束帶，上曰：「卿壯年能立功如此，朕甚嘉之。南服雖定，日月尚淺，須卿一往規畫。」六年二月，志寧還京師，拜樞密使。七年十一月八日，皇太子生日，宴群臣於東宮，志寧奉觴上壽，上悅，顧謂太子曰：「天下無事，吾父子今日相樂，皆此人力也。」使太子取御前玉大杓酌酒，上手飲志寧，即以玉杓及黃金五百兩賜之。以第十四女下嫁志寧子諸神奴，八年十月，進幣，宴百官于慶和殿。皇女以婦禮謁見，志寧夫婦坐而受之，歡飲終日，夜久乃罷。九年，拜右丞相。十一年，代宗敘北征。既還，遣使者迎勞，賜以弓矢、玉吐鶻。入見，上慰勞良久。是日，封廣平郡王，複遣使就第慰勞之。皇太子生日，宴群臣於東宮，以玉帶賜志寧，上曰：「此梁王宗弼所服者，故以賜卿。」郊祀覃恩，從征護衛，皆有賜，進封金源郡王。

In the third month of the fifth year Zhongyi went to the capital, while Zhining kept the army at Nanjing. In the fifth month Zhining was recalled to the capital, made Grand Councilor, and kept his rank as Left Deputy Commander-in-Chief. Zhining returned to the army again and received a jade belt. The emperor said, "In the prime of your life you have won such merit—I am deeply pleased. The south may be pacified, but order there is still new—you must go once and set things in order. In the second month of the sixth year he returned to the capital and was made Commissioner of the Privy Council. On the eighth day of the eleventh month in the seventh year, at the crown prince's birthday feast in the Eastern Palace, Zhining raised a toast for long life. The emperor was pleased and told the prince, "The realm is at peace; that we can feast together today is his doing alone." He had the prince pour wine with the great jade ladle from the imperial table; the emperor drank with Zhining and then gave him the ladle and five hundred taels of gold. The emperor's fourteenth daughter was married to Zhining's son Zhushennu. In the tenth month of the eighth year the betrothal gifts were presented and the court feasted in the Hall of Celebrated Harmony. The princess greeted them as a daughter-in-law should; Zhining and his wife sat to receive her. The celebration lasted all day and deep into the night. In the ninth year he was made Right Chancellor. In the eleventh year he took Zongxu's place on the northern expedition. On his return the emperor sent envoys to welcome him and gave him bows, arrows, and a jade hunting hawk. When he was received at court the emperor comforted him at length. That same day he was created Prince of Guangping, and envoys were sent again to his home with further rewards. At the crown prince's birthday feast in the Eastern Palace the emperor gave Zhining a jade belt and said, "Prince Liang Zongbi once wore this; I give it to you now." After the suburban sacrifice amnesty, guards who had joined the campaign were rewarded, and he was advanced to Prince of Jinyuan.

僕散忠義

Pusan Zhongyi

僕散忠義，本名烏者，上京拔盧古河人，宣獻皇后侄，元妃之兄也。高祖斡魯補。曾祖班睹。祖胡闌。父背魯，國初世襲謀克，婆速路統軍使，致仕。忠義魁偉，長髯，喜談兵，有大略。年十六，領本謀克兵，從宗輔定陝西，行間射中宋大將，宋兵遂潰，由是知名。帥府錄其功，承制署為謀克。宗弼再取河南，表薦忠義為猛安。攻冀州，先登，攻大名府，以本部兵力戰，破其軍十余萬，賞以奴婢、馬牛、金銀、重彩。從宗弼渡淮攻壽、廬等州，宗弼稱之曰：「此子勇略過人，將帥之器也。」賞馬五匹、牛一百五十頭、羊五百口，領親軍萬戶，超甯遠大將軍，承其父世襲謀克。

Pusan Zhongyi—original name Wuzhe—came from Balugu River in the Upper Capital. He was a nephew of Empress Xuanxian and elder brother of the Primary Consort. His great-grandfather was Wolubu. His great-great-grandfather was Bandu. His grandfather was Hulan. His father Beilu held a hereditary mengke post at the dynasty's founding, served as commander of the Basu Route, and later retired. Zhongyi was tall and imposing, wore a long beard, loved to talk of war, and had a strategist's mind. At sixteen he led his mengke troops under Zongfu in the pacification of Shaanxi, shot a major Song commander in the heat of battle, and routed the Song army—his fame dates from that day. Headquarters recorded his merit and appointed him mengke by imperial order. When Zongbi campaigned in Henan again, he recommended Zhongyi for meng'an rank. At Jizhou he was first over the wall; at Daming he broke an enemy force of more than a hundred thousand with his own troops and was rewarded with slaves, livestock, silver, gold, and fine silk. He followed Zongbi across the Huai against Shou, Lu, and other prefectures. Zongbi said of him, "His courage and strategy surpass ordinary men; he has the makings of a commander." He received five horses, one hundred fifty oxen, and five hundred sheep, was made commander of the ten-thousand-household guard, promoted to Grand General of Ningyuan, and inherited his father's hereditary mengke post.

皇統四年，除博州防禦使，公餘學女直字，及古演算法，閱月，盡能通之。在郡不事田獵、燕遊，以職業為務，郡中翕然稱治。忽一夕陰晦，囚徒謀為反獄。倉猝間，將校皆惶駭失措，忠義從容，但使守更吏撾鼓鳴角。囚徒以為天且曉，不敢出，自就桎梏。及考，郡民詣闕願留，詔從之。八年，改同知真定尹，兼河北西路兵馬都總管，遷西北路招討使，入為兵部尚書。

In the fourth year of Huangtong he became Defense Commissioner of Bozhou. In his spare time he studied Jurchen script and classical mathematics and mastered both within a month. He did not hunt or feast in office but devoted himself to his duties, and the whole commandery came to praise his governance. One night the sky turned dark and the prisoners plotted a jailbreak. Officers panicked in the crisis, but Zhongyi stayed calm and had the watch officers beat the drum and sound the horn. The prisoners thought dawn had come, dared not break out, and returned quietly to their shackles. When his term was reviewed the people petitioned the throne to keep him, and the court agreed. In the eighth year he became Vice Intendant of Zhending and commander of Western Hebei forces, then Northwestern Route Pacification Commissioner, and finally Minister of War at court.

僕散忽土嘗與海陵篡立，恃勢陵傲同列，忠義因會飲眾辱之，海陵不悅，出為震武軍節度使。火山賊李鐵槍乘暑來攻，忠義單衣從一騎迎擊之，射殺數人，賊乃退。改臨洮尹，兼熙秦路兵馬都總管。海陵召至京師謂之曰：「洮河地接吐蕃、木波，異時剽害良民，州縣不能制。汝宿將，故以命汝。」賜條服、玉具、佩刀。閱再考，徙平陽尹，再徙濟南尹。以本官為漢南路行營副統制，伐宋，克通化軍。

Pusan Hutu had helped Hailing seize the throne and bullied his colleagues. Zhongyi publicly humiliated him at a banquet. Hailing was displeased and sent Zhongyi out as Military Commissioner of Zhenwu. The Huoshan bandit Li Tieqiang attacked in summer heat. Zhongyi rode out alone in light dress, killed several men, and drove the bandits off. He was reassigned as Intendant of Lin Tao and commander of Xi-Qin forces. Hailing summoned him to the capital and said, "The Tao River frontier borders Tibet and Mubo. Raiders have long harried the people while local officials could not stop them. You are a veteran; that is why I send you. He received a ceremonial robe, jade fittings, and an imperial belt knife. After a second review he was moved to Pingyang, then to Jinan. He served as deputy commander of the Southern Han field headquarters in the Song campaign and captured Tonghua Army.

世宗立，海陵死揚州，罷兵入朝京師，拜尚書右丞。移剌窩斡忄栗號，兵久不決。右副元帥完顏謀衍既敗之於霿𩃭河，乃擁眾，貪鹵掠，不追討，而縱其子斜哥暴橫軍中，士卒不用命。賊得水草善地，官軍踵其遺餘，水草乏，馬益弱，賊軼出山西，久無功。忠義請曰：「契丹小寇，不時殄滅，致煩聖慮。臣聞主憂臣辱，願效死力除之。」世宗大悅。即召還謀衍，勒歸斜哥本貫。拜忠義平章政事，兼右副元帥，封榮國公，賜以禦府貂裘、賓鐵吐鶻弓矢大刀、具裝對馬及安山鐵甲、金牌，詔曰：「軍中將士有犯，連職之外並以軍法從事，有功者依格遷賞。」詔諸將士曰：「兵久駐邊陲，蠹費財用，百姓不得休息。今以右丞忠義為平章政事、右副元帥，宜同心戮力，無或弛慢。」忠義至軍，賊陷靈山、同昌、惠和等縣，陣而西行。忠義追之，及於花道，宗亨為左翼，宗敘為右翼，與賊夾河而陣。賊渡河，先攻左翼，偏敗，右翼救之，賊引去。窩斡乃以精銳自隨，以羸兵護其母妻輜重由別道西走，期於山后會集。追複及於嫋嶺西陷泉。與賊遇，時昏霧四塞，跬步莫睹物色，忠義禱曰：「狂寇肆暴，殺戮無辜，天不助惡，當為開霽。」奠已，昏霧廓然。及戰，忠義左據南岡，為偃月陣，右迤而北，大敗之，獲其弟嫋，俘生口三十萬，獲雜畜十余萬，車帳金珍以钜萬計，悉分諸軍。賊走趨奚地，遣將追躡，至七渡河，又敗之。既逾渾嶺，複進軍襲之，望風奔潰，遁入奚中，降者相屬於路。詔忠義曰：「卿材能素著，果能大破賊眾，朕甚嘉之。今遣勞卿，如朕親往。賜卿禦衣、及骨睹犀具佩刀、通犀帶等。就以俘獲，均散軍士。」窩斡既敗，遂入于奚中。高忠建敗奚於栲栳山，移剌道取抹白諸奚之家，抹白奚乃降，窩斡勢益弱。紇石烈志寧獲賊將稍合住，縱之使歸，約以捕窩斡自贖，仍許以官賞。稍合住與其黨，執窩斡詣完顏思敬降。契丹平。忠義朝京師，拜尚書右丞相，改封沂國公，以玉帶賜之。

When Shizong succeeded, Hailing died at Yangzhou, the armies withdrew, Zhongyi entered the capital, and was made Right Vice Chancellor. Yila Wowo had declared himself ruler, and the campaign dragged on without result. Right Deputy Commander Wanyan Moyan, after defeating Wowo at the Menglong River, let his men plunder instead of pursuing, and allowed his son Xiege to terrorize the army until the troops would not obey. The rebels held the good pasture; government forces trailed their leavings through barren ground, horses weakened, and the rebels outpaced them west of the mountains. Zhongyi petitioned, "This petty Khitan band has troubled Your Majesty too long. When the ruler worries, the subject should be ashamed. Let me devote my life to destroying them." Shizong was greatly pleased. Moyan was recalled at once and Xiege was sent back to his home register. Zhongyi was made Grand Councilor and Right Deputy Commander, created Duke of Rongguo, and given an imperial sable coat, steel bow and hunting hawk, great knife, armored horses, Anshan iron armor, and a gold tablet. The edict said officers who offended were subject to military law, and merit would be rewarded by regulation. An edict told the troops, "Long service on the frontier has wasted treasure and worn the people down. Right Vice Chancellor Zhongyi is now Grand Councilor and deputy commander. Unite in purpose and do not slacken." When Zhongyi reached the army, the rebels had taken Ling Shan, Tongchang, Huihe, and other counties and were marching west in battle order. Zhongyi pursued them to Huadao. Zongheng commanded the left wing, Zongxu the right, and they formed line across the river from the rebels. The rebels crossed and struck the left wing first, which buckled; the right wing rescued it and the rebels withdrew. Wowo took his elite with him while weak troops escorted his family and baggage by another road west, planning to reunite beyond the mountains. The pursuit caught them again at Xianquan west of Niaoling. They met the rebels in fog so thick they could not see a pace ahead. Zhongyi prayed, "This band slaughters the innocent. Heaven does not aid evil—clear the mist." When the offering was finished the fog lifted at once. In battle Zhongyi's left held the southern ridge in a crescent formation while the right swept north and broke the enemy. They took his brother Niao, three hundred thousand captives, vast herds, and treasure beyond count, all divided among the troops. The rebels fled into Xi country; pursuers overtook them at Seven Crossings River and defeated them again. They crossed Hun Ridge and struck again; the rebels broke at sight of the army and fled into Xi country, surrendering all along the road. An edict told Zhongyi, "Your ability is well known, and you have broken the rebel host—I am deeply pleased. I send envoys to honor you as if I came myself. Take imperial robes, a bone-rhinoceros belt knife, a rhinoceros-horn belt, and the like. Divide the captives evenly among the soldiers." Wowo, defeated, withdrew into Xi country. Gao Zhongjian defeated the Xi at Kaolao Mountain; Yila Dao seized Mobai Xi households; the Mobai Xi submitted, and Wowo grew weaker. Geshilie Zhining captured Shaohezhu, released him, and promised rank and reward if he delivered Wowo. Shaohezhu and his men seized Wowo and surrendered him to Wanyan Sijing. The Khitan rebellion was ended. Zhongyi went to court, became Right Chancellor, was created Duke of Yiguo, and received a jade belt.

自海陵遇弑，大軍北還，而窩斡鴟張，命將徂征。及窩斡敗，其黨括裏、紮八奔入于宋，宋人用其謀，侵掠邊鄙，攻取泗、壽、唐、海州。於是，宋主傳位於宗室子甗，是為宋孝宗，雖嘗遣使來，而欲用敵國禮。世宗以紇石烈志寧經略宋事，制詔忠義以丞相總戎事，居南京節制諸將，時大定二年也。忠義將行，陛辭，上諭之曰：「彼若歸侵疆，貢禮如故，則可罷兵。」既至南京，簡閱士卒，分屯要害，戒諸將嚴守備。使左副元帥志寧移牒宋樞密使張浚，其略曰：「可還所侵本朝內地，各守自來畫定疆界，凡事一依皇統以來舊約，帥府亦當解嚴。如必欲抗衡，請會兵相見。」宋宣撫使張浚複書志寧曰：「疆埸之一彼一此，兵家之或勝或負，何常之有，當置勿道。謹遣官僚，敬造麾下議之。」是時，已複泗、壽、鄧州，請隳其城，遷其民於宿、亳、蔡州，上曰：「三州本吾土也，得之則已。」忠義使將士擇善水草休息，且牧馬，俟來歲取淮南。初，世宗詔諸將由泗、壽、唐鄧三道進發，宋人聞之，即自方城、葉縣以來田野皆燒夷之，使無所芻牧。忠義命唐、鄧道軍芻牧許、汝間。

After Hailing was assassinated and the main armies marched north, Wowo rose in power and generals were sent against him. When Wowo fell, Kuoli and Zhaba fled to the Song, who used their counsel to raid the frontier and take Si, Shou, Tang, and Haizhou. The Song emperor then abdicated to a clansman named Yan—Emperor Xiaozong. Envoys came, but he wanted equal-state protocol. Shizong put Geshilie Zhining in charge of Song affairs and made Zhongyi chancellor-commander at Nanjing to direct all generals, in the second year of Dading. Before he left, the emperor told him at court, "If they return invaded lands and tribute resumes as before, you may halt the army." At Nanjing he reviewed the troops, posted them at key points, and ordered strict defense. He had Zhining write to Song Privy Council Commissioner Zhang Jun: return invaded Jin territory, hold the old boundaries, follow Huangtong agreements, and the command will stand down. If you insist on fighting, meet us in the field." Song Pacification Commissioner Zhang Jun replied that borders shift and victory is inconstant—such matters should be set aside. He would send officials to Jin headquarters to discuss terms. Si, Shou, and Deng had been recovered; some urged razing the cities and moving the people to Su, Bo, and Cai. The emperor said, "Those lands are ours again; that is enough." Zhongyi let the troops rest on good pasture and graze horses, planning to take Huainan the next year. Shizong had ordered advances along the Si, Shou, Tang, and Deng routes; the Song burned the countryside from Fangcheng and Ye County so Jin armies would find no fodder. Zhongyi ordered the Tang and Deng columns to forage between Xu and Ru instead.

三年，忠義入奏事，遂以丞相兼都元帥。無何，還軍中。忠義與宋相持日久，慮夏久雨，弓力易減，宋或乘時見攻，豫選勁弓萬張於別庫。及自汴赴闕議事，次浚州，宋將李世輔果掩取靈璧、虹縣，遂陷宿州。忠義使人還汴，發所貯勁弓給志寧軍，與宋人戰，遂大捷，竟複宿州。忠義還，以書責宋。宋同知樞密院事洪遵、計議官盧仲賢，遣使二輩持與志寧書及手狀，歸海、泗、唐、鄧州所侵地，約為叔侄國。報書期十一月使入境，宋又使人來言，禮物未備，請俟十二月行成。忠義以其事馳奏，請定書式，且言宋書如式，則許其入界，如其不然，勢須遣還本國，複稟其主，若是往復，動經七八十日，恐誤軍馬進取。世宗以詔諭之曰：「若宋人歸疆，歲幣如昔，可免奉表稱臣，許世為侄國。」忠義乃貽書宋人，前後凡七，宋人他托未從。忠義移大軍壓淮境，遣志寧率偏師渡淮，取盱眙、濠、廬、和、滁等州，宋人懼。而世宗意天下厭苦兵革，思與百姓休息，詔忠義度宜以行。

In the third year Zhongyi reported at court and was made chancellor and Commander-in-Chief. Soon he returned to the army. Facing the Song for so long, he feared summer rains would weaken bows and the Song might attack, so he stored ten thousand strong bows separately. Going from Bian to court he stopped at Junzhou; Li Shifu then seized Lingbi and Hong County and took Suzhou. Zhongyi sent men to Bian for the stored bows, armed Zhining's army, won a great victory, and recovered Suzhou. On his return Zhongyi sent a letter rebuking the Song. Song Vice Commissioner Hong Zun and Planning Officer Lu Zhongxian sent envoys with letters to Zhining, offering return of Hai, Si, Tang, and Deng and nephew-state status. Jin set November for Song envoys to enter; the Song asked to delay until December because gifts were not ready. Zhongyi reported urgently to fix treaty format, warning that improper Song documents would be sent back and delay campaigns by months. Shizong replied that if the Song returned territory and kept tribute, they need not submit memorials as subjects but might remain a nephew state. Zhongyi wrote the Song seven times; they stalled and would not agree. Zhongyi massed the army on the Huai and sent Zhining across to take Xuyi, Hao, Lu, He, Chu, and other prefectures, alarming the Song. Shizong, believing the realm was weary of war, ordered Zhongyi to act as circumstances allowed.

四年正月，忠義使右監軍宗敘入奏，將近暑月，乞俟秋涼進發。詔從之。宋使胡昉敢以右僕射湯思退書來，宋稱侄國，不肯加世字。忠義執昉留軍中，答其書，使使以聞。詔曰：「行人何罪，遣胡昉還國。邊事從宜措畫。」八月，詔忠義曰：「前請俟秋涼進發，今已八月，複俟何時？」先是，忠義乞增金、銀牌，上曰：「太師梁王兼數職，未嘗增也。」至是增都元帥金牌一、銀牌二十，左右副元帥金牌各一、銀牌各十，左右監軍金牌各一、銀牌各六，左右都監金牌各一、銀牌各四，三路都統府銀牌各二。乃定南界官員、百姓歸附遷賞格。

In the first month of the fourth year Zhongyi sent Right Army Supervisor Zongxu to court, asking to delay advance until autumn cool. The court granted his request. Song envoy Hu Fang brought a letter from Right Vice Director Tang Situ. The Song called themselves a nephew state but refused the generational title. Zhongyi detained Fang in camp, answered his letter, and reported to court. An edict said, "The envoy is not at fault. Send Hu Fang home. Handle border affairs as you see fit." In the eighth month the emperor wrote, "You asked to wait for autumn cool—it is already August. How long will you wait?" Earlier Zhongyi had asked for more command tablets. The emperor said, "Prince Liang held many posts and never asked for more." Commander-in-Chief received one gold and twenty silver tablets; deputy commanders one gold and ten silver each; army supervisors one gold and six silver; army inspectors one gold and four silver; each route headquarters two silver. Rewards were fixed for officials and people who submitted from the southern frontier.

元帥府獲宋諜人符忠。忠前嘗至中都，大興府官詰問，忠執文據，及與泗州防禦判官張德亨知識，由是獲免，厚謝德亨，德亨受之。忠具款服，乃奏其事於朝，於是，大興少尹王全解職，德亨除名。和議始于張浚，中更洪遵、湯思退，及徒單克寧敗宋魏勝於十八裏莊，取楚州，世宗下詔進師，於是宋知樞密院周葵、同知樞密院事王之望書一一如約，和議始定。宋遣試禮部尚書魏杞，崇信軍、承宣使康湑，充通問國信使，取到宋主國書式，並國書副本，宋世為侄國，約歲幣為二十萬兩、匹，國書仍書名再拜，不稱「大」字。大定五年正月，魏杞、康湑入見，其書曰：「侄宋皇帝甗謹再拜致書于叔大金聖明仁孝皇帝闕下。」魏杞還，複書「叔大金皇帝」不名，不書「謹再拜」，但曰「致書于侄宋皇帝」，不用尊號，不稱闕下。和好已定，罷兵，詔天下。以左副都點檢完顏仲為報問國信使，太子詹事楊伯雄副之。

Headquarters captured the Song spy Fu Zhong. Zhong had once reached the Central Capital, produced papers at questioning, and knew Suzhou Judge Zhang Deheng, who helped him escape punishment and accepted a rich bribe. Zhong confessed; the case went to court; Daxing Vice Intendant Wang Quan was dismissed and Deheng struck from the rolls. Peace began with Zhang Jun, passed through Hong Zun and Tang Situ, and when Tudan Kening defeated Wei Sheng at Eighteen-li Village and took Chuzhou, Shizong advanced the army until Zhou Kui and Wang Zhiwang wrote as agreed and peace was fixed. Song sent Wei Qi and Kang Xu as envoys with the state-letter format. The Song would be a nephew state, tribute two hundred thousand taels and bolts, letters signed with double obeisance but without the word "Great." In the first month of Dading year five, Wei Qi and Kang Xu were received. The letter read, "Nephew Emperor Yan of Song respectfully bows twice to Uncle Great Jin, sage, bright, benevolent, and filial Emperor." Jin's reply read "Uncle Great Jin Emperor" without naming or double obeisance, only "writes to nephew Emperor of Song," without honorifics. Peace was fixed, armies stood down, and an edict went to the realm. Wanyan Zhong was made returning envoy with Yang Boxiong as deputy.

忠義奏官軍一十七萬三千三百餘人，留馬步軍一十一萬六千二百屯戍。上曰：「今已許宋講好，而屯戍尚多，可除舊軍外，選馬一萬二千，阿裏喜稱是，步軍虞候司軍共選一萬五千，及簽軍一萬，與舊軍通留六萬。富強丁多者摘留，貧難者阿裏喜官給，富者就用其奴。其存留馬步軍于河北東西、大名府、速頻、胡裏改、會甯、咸平府、濟州、東京、曷速館等路軍內，約量揀取。其西南、西北招討司，臨潢府、泰州、北京、婆速、曷懶、山東東西路，並行放還。」詔近侍局使裴滿子寧佩金牌，護衛醜底、符寶祗候駝滿回海佩銀牌，諭諸路將帥，以宋國進到歲幣銀絹二十萬兩、匹，盡數給與見存留及放散軍充賞。曾過界者，人給絹二匹、銀二兩，不曾過界者銀二兩、絹一匹。阿裏喜絹一匹。謀克倍軍人，猛安倍謀克。押軍猛安謀克年老有勞績者，量與除授。又詔曰：「其令一路全罷者，先發遣之。」賜忠義玉束帶。三月，詔曰：「如大軍已放還，丞相忠義宜先還，左副元帥志寧、右監軍宗敘留駐南京，餘官非急用者並勒還任。」

Zhongyi reported 173,300 government troops with 116,200 horse and foot kept on garrison duty. The emperor said garrisons were still too large; apart from old troops, keep twelve thousand horses, fifteen thousand infantry guards, ten thousand drafts—sixty thousand in all. Strong households kept more men; the poor were supplied by Alixi offices; the rich used their own retainers. Garrisons were drawn proportionally from Hebei, Daming, Supin, Huining, Xianping, Jizhou, Eastern Capital, and other routes. Pacification offices and Linhuang, Taizhou, Beijing, Basu, Yilan, and Shandong forces were all sent home. Peiman Zining carried a gold tablet and others silver tablets to distribute Song tribute silver and silk as rewards to retained and discharged troops. Men who had crossed the border received two bolts of silk and two taels of silver; others two taels and one bolt. Alixi officers received one bolt of silk. Mengke units doubled their soldiers; meng'an units doubled their mengke. Escort meng'an and mengke of age and merit received appointments as appropriate. Another edict said routes to be disbanded entirely should be sent home first. Zhongyi received a jade belt. In the third month the edict said if the main army was home, Zhongyi should return first while Zhining and Zongxu stayed at Nanjing.

忠義朝京師，上勞之曰：「宋國請和，偃兵息民，皆卿力也。」拜左丞相，兼都元帥。大定初，事多權制，詔有司刪定，上謂宰臣曰：「凡已奏之事，朕嘗再閱，卿等毋懷懼。朕于大臣，豈有不相信者？但軍國事，不敢輕易，恐或有誤也。」忠義對曰：「臣等豈敢竊意陛下，但智力不及耳。陛下留神萬幾，天下之福也。」

At court the emperor told Zhongyi, "Song peace and rest for the people are your doing alone. He was made Left Chancellor and Commander-in-Chief. Early Dading relied on provisional rules; offices were ordered to revise them. The emperor told ministers, "I read every memorial twice—you need not fear. How could I fail to trust my ministers? Yet in military affairs I dare not be careless, lest something go wrong." Zhongyi replied, "We would never presume on Your Majesty—our minds simply fall short. Your attention to every affair is the realm's fortune."

大定六年正月，忠義有疾，上遣太醫診視，賜以御用藥物，中使撫問，相繼於道。二月，薨。上親臨哭之慟，輟朝奠祭，賻銀千五百兩、重彩五十端、絹五百匹。世宗將幸西京，複臨奠焉。命參知政事唐括安禮護喪事，凡葬祭從優厚，官為給之。大宗正丞竟充敕祭使，中都轉運副使王震充敕葬使，百官送葬，具一品儀物，建大將旗鼓，送至墳域。諡武莊。

In the sixth year Zhongyi fell ill; imperial physicians and medicines were sent, and envoys followed one another with inquiries. He died in the second month. The emperor mourned him in person, suspended court, and gave 1,500 taels of silver, fifty bolts of fine silk, and five hundred of plain silk. When Shizong went to the Western Capital he offered sacrifice again. Tangguo Anli oversaw the funeral at state expense with full honors. Jing Chong led the sacrifice mission and Wang Zhen the burial mission; officials escorted him with first-rank honors and general's banners to the grave. His posthumous title was Martial and Stately.

忠義動由禮義，謙以接下，敬儒士，與人極和易，侃侃如也。善禦將士，能得其死力。及為宰輔，知無不言。自漢、唐以來，外家多緣恩戚以致富貴，又多不克其終，未有兼任將相功名始終如忠義者。十一年，詔曰：「故左丞相忠義族人，及昭德皇后親族，人材可用者，左副點檢烏古論元忠體察以聞。」二十一年，上思忠義功，勒銘墓碑。泰和元年，圖像衍慶宮，配享世宗廟廷。子揆，別有傳。

Zhongyi acted from ritual and duty, received men humbly, honored scholars, and was open and easy in manner. He commanded soldiers well and won their utmost loyalty. As chief minister he spoke frankly on everything he knew. Since Han and Tang, imperial in-laws often rose by favor and often fell—none had held both command and chancellorship with honor intact like Zhongyi. In the eleventh year the court ordered Yuanzhong to find usable men among Zhongyi's clan and Empress Zhaode's kin. In the twenty-first year the emperor had his tomb inscribed in memory of his service. In Taihe year one his portrait entered Yansqing Palace and he was honored in Shizong's temple. His son Huai has a separate biography.

徒單合喜

Tudan Hexi

徒單合喜，上京速蘇海水人也。父蒲涅，世襲猛安。合喜魁偉，膂力過人，一經聞見，終身不忘。天輔間，從金源郡王婁室為紮也，甚愛之。天會六年，以功為謀克，尋領婁室親管猛安。元帥府聞其才，命權左翼軍事。皇統二年，為隴州防禦使。以兵十五人敗宋兵二百于高陵，以兵五百人敗宋兵二千于秦州，以兵八百人敗宋兵三千五百於鳳翔。以二謀克拒饒風關，宋兵二千來奪其關口，奮擊敗之，諸軍乃得過險。遷平涼尹，再徙臨洮、延安尹。是時，關、陝以西，初去兵革，百姓多失業，合喜守之以靜，民多還歸者。天德二年，為元帥左都監，陝西統軍使。貞元二年，以本官兼河中尹。正隆六年，為西蜀道兵馬都統。

Tudan Hexi came from Susuhai River in the Upper Capital. His father Punie held a hereditary meng'an post. Hexi was imposing and immensely strong, with a memory that never forgot what he had once seen. In the Tianfu era he followed Prince Jinyuan Loushi as a retainer and was greatly favored. In Tianhui year six he became mengke for merit and soon led Loushi's personal meng'an. Headquarters heard of his talent and made him acting left-wing commander. In Huangtong year two he was Defense Commissioner of Longzhou. With fifteen men he beat two hundred Song troops at Gaoling; with five hundred, two thousand at Qinzhou; with eight hundred, three thousand five hundred at Fengxiang. With two mengke he held Raofeng Pass, beat back two thousand Song troops who tried to take it, and let the army cross. He became Intendant of Pingliang, then Lintao and Yan'an. West of the passes had just seen war end; Hexi ruled quietly and people returned. In Tiande year two he was Left Army Inspector and Shaanxi commander. In Zhenyuan year two he was also Intendant of Hezhong. In Zhenglong year six he commanded Western Shu forces.

世宗即位，以手詔賜合喜曰：「岐國失道，殺其母后，橫虐兄弟，流毒兆庶。朕惟太祖創業之艱難，勉膺大位。卿之子弟皆自軍中來歸，卿國家舊臣，豈不知天道人事？卿軍不多，未宜深入，當領軍屯境上。陝右重地，非卿無能措畫者。俟兵革既定，即當召卿，宜自勉之。」大定二年，複為陝西路統軍使。未幾，改元帥右都監。表陳伐宋方略，詔許以便宜從事。轉左都監。破宋兵于華州。是時宋吳璘侵古鎮，分據散關、和尚原、神叉口、玉女潭、大蟲嶺、石壁寨、寶雞縣，兵十余萬，陷河州、鎮戎軍。合喜乞濟師，詔以河南兵萬人益之。合喜遣丹州刺史赤盞胡速魯改以兵四千守德順，吳璘以二十萬人圍之。統軍都監石抹迭勒將兵萬人，破宋兵於河州，還過德順，駐兵平涼，求益兵於合喜，以解德順之圍。合喜遣萬戶完顏習尼列、大良順，甯州刺史顏盞門都各將本部兵，合二萬人，以順義軍節度使烏延蒲離黑統押之，與迭勒會。吳璘聞之，使偏將將兵五千人來迎，前鋒特裏失烏也、奚王和尚擊敗之，追至德順城南小溪邊，璘自將大軍蔽岡阜而出，烏也等馳擊之，迭勒、蒲離黑繼至，並力戰，日已暮，兩軍不相辨，乃解。已而璘報雲：「宋主遣使至，兩國講和，請各罷兵。」璘遂遁去。蒲離黑亦引軍還。自宋兵圍城，至是凡四十余日乃解。

When Shizong succeeded he wrote Hexi, "The Qi ruler lost the Way, killed his empress dowager, abused his brothers, and poisoned the people. I recall Taizu's founding hardships and have taken the throne. Your kin have returned from the armies. As an old servant of the state, do you not know Heaven's will? Your force is small—do not advance deep, but hold the frontier. Shaanxi is vital; none but you can manage it. When war ends I shall recall you—do your utmost." In Dading year two he again commanded Shaanxi. Soon he became Right Army Inspector. He submitted a Song campaign plan and was allowed discretion. He became Left Army Inspector. He defeated Song troops at Huazhou. Wu Lin held passes from San Pass to Baoji with over 100,000 men and took Hezhou and Zhenrong. Hexi asked for help and received ten thousand Henan troops. Hexi sent Husulugai with four thousand to hold De Shun; Wu Lin besieged it with 200,000. Shimodie beat Song forces at Hezhou, camped at Pingliang, and asked Hexi for more men to relieve De Shun. Hexi sent Xini Lie, Daliang Shun, and Mendu with twenty thousand under Pulihai to join Shimodie. Wu Lin sent five thousand to meet them; Wuye and Heshang routed them; at dusk Lin led the main force out and battle blurred until nightfall. Wu Lin then reported that Song envoys had come and both sides should withdraw. Wu Lin fled. Pulihai withdrew as well. The siege had lasted more than forty days before it was lifted.

初，德順在圍中，押軍猛安溫敦蒲里海身先士卒，力戰未嘗少挫，及救兵至，圍解，蒲里海之功為多。頃之，吳璘複來犯陝西州郡，兵十余萬。詔以兵七千益合喜兵，號二萬人，慶陽尹烏延蒲轄奴、延安尹高景山分領之。彰化軍節度使璋、通遠軍節度使烏延吾裏補、甯州刺史移剌高山奴、京兆少尹宗室泥河、恩州刺史完顏謀良虎，皆備軍前任使。宋人驅率商、虢及華山、南山之民五萬人，來圍華州。押軍萬戶裴滿挼剌欲堅壁守之，猛安移剌沙裏剌曰：「宋兵雖多，半是居民，不習戰，不如擊之。」於是挼剌以騎兵千人敗宋前鋒，追至其大軍，亦敗之，斬首五千餘級。已而，璋敗宋姚良輔軍于原州，宋戍軍自寶雞以西，至於大蟲嶺，皆自散關遁去。頃之，吳璘聞赤盞胡速魯改、烏延蒲裏黑軍已去德順，率兵號二十萬，複據德順，陷鞏州、臨洮府。臨洮少尹紇石烈騷洽死之，詔贈官一階，賜錢五百貫。合喜以璋權都統，習尼列權副統，將兵二萬攻之。連戰，宋兵雖敗，璘恃其眾，不肯去，分其兵之半，守秦州。合喜乃自行，駐水洛城，東自六盤山，西抵石山頭，分兵守之，當德順、秦州之兩間，斷其餉道，璘乃引去。

During the siege Wendun Pulihai fought at the front without slackening and earned the greatest credit when relief came. Soon Wu Lin attacked Shaanxi again with over 100,000 men. Seven thousand more men were added, bringing Hexi's force to twenty thousand under Puxianu and Gao Jingshan. Zhang, Wulibu, Gaoshannu, Nihe, and Moulianghu took their commands. The Song drove fifty thousand civilians from Shang, Guo, and the southern mountains to besiege Huazhou. Peiman Aola wanted to hold the walls; Yila Shalila said half the Song host were untrained civilians and they should attack. Aola with a thousand horsemen routed the vanguard and main Song force, taking more than five thousand heads. Zhang beat Yao Liangfu at Yuanzhou, and Song garrisons west of Baoji fled through San Pass. Hearing Jin forces had left De Shun, Wu Lin returned with 200,000 men, retook De Shun, and took Gongzhou and Lintao. Geshilie Saoqia died defending Lintao and was posthumously promoted with five hundred strings of cash. Hexi made Zhang acting commander and Xini Lie deputy and attacked with twenty thousand. Battle followed battle and the Song were beaten, but Wu Lin trusted his numbers, refused to withdraw, and left half his army to hold Qinzhou. Hexi took the field himself, encamped at Shuiluo, and posted troops from Liupan Mountain east to Stone Mountain Head west, cutting Wu Lin's supply line between De Shun and Qinzhou until Lin withdrew.

都統璋、副統習尼列邀擊宋經略使荊皋，自上八節至甘穀城，殺數千人。習尼列擒宋將硃永以下將校十二人。宋張安撫守德順，亦棄城遁，胡速魯改邀擊之，所殺過半，擒將校十餘人，遂複德順州。宋之守秦州者，亦自退。高景山定商、虢，宗室泥河取環州。於是，臨洮、鞏、秦、河、隴、蘭、會、原、洮、積石、鎮戎、德順、商、虢、環、華等州府一十六盡複之，陝西平。詔書獎諭，賜以玉帶。詔陝西將士，猛安，階昭毅以下遷兩資，昭武以上遷一資。謀克，階六品以下遷兩資，五品以上遷一資。押軍猛安，階昭武以上者遷一資，昭毅以下、武義以上遷兩資，昭信以下，女直人遷宣武，餘人遷奉信，無官者，女直人授敦信，餘人授忠武。押軍謀克，武功以下、忠顯以上遷兩資，忠勇以下，女直人遷昭信，餘人遷忠顯，無官者，女直人授忠顯，餘人授忠翊。正軍，有官者遷一資，無官者授兩資。猛安賞銀五十兩、重彩五端、絹十匹，權、正同之。正軍人給錢三十貫，阿裏喜十貫。戰沒軍官、軍士、長行，贈官賜錢有差。

Zhang and Xini Lie intercepted Song Commissioner Jing Gao from Upper Eight Sections to Gangu City and killed several thousand men. Xini Lie captured Song general Zhu Yong and eleven other officers. Song Pacification Commissioner Zhang also fled De Shun; Husulugai intercepted the fugitives, killed more than half, took a dozen officers, and recovered De Shun. The Song garrison at Qinzhou withdrew as well. Gao Jingshan secured Shang and Guo; clansman Nihe took Huanzhou. All sixteen prefectures from Lintao to Hua were recovered and Shaanxi was pacified. An imperial edict praised his service and gave him a jade belt. Shaanxi meng'an of Zhao Yi rank and below were promoted two steps; Zhao Wu and above one step. Mengke of sixth rank and below gained two steps; fifth rank and above one step. Escort meng'an were promoted by rank; Jurchen without office received Dunxin, others Zhongwu, according to detailed regulations. Escort mengke received similar promotions by rank, with separate provisions for Jurchen and others without prior office. Regular soldiers with rank gained one step; those without rank received two. Each meng'an received fifty taels of silver, five bolts of fine silk, and ten of plain silk, whether acting or regular. Regular soldiers received thirty strings of cash; Alixi officers ten. Officers and men killed in battle received posthumous honors and cash in varying amounts.

五年，置陝西路統軍使，兼京兆尹。元帥府移治河中府。統軍使璋朝辭，上曰：「合喜年老，以陝西軍事委卿，凡鎮防利害，可訪問合喜也。」七年，入為樞密副使，改東京留守，賜以衣帶、佩刀，詔曰：「卿年老，以此職優佚，宜勉之。」九年，入為平章政事，奏睿宗收復陝西功數事，上嘉納之，藏之秘府。封定國公。

In the fifth year he was made Shaanxi Route commander, concurrently Intendant of Jingzhao. Headquarters moved to Hezhong Prefecture. When Zhang took leave at court the emperor said, "Hexi is old; I leave Shaanxi to you. On every point of frontier defense, consult him." In the seventh year he became Vice Commissioner of the Privy Council and Regent of the Eastern Capital, with robes, belt, and knife. The edict said, "You are old; this post is meant as ease—do your best nonetheless." In the ninth year he became Grand Councilor and memorialized Ruizong's Shaanxi campaigns; the emperor approved and filed the memorials in the secret archive. He was created Duke of Dingguo.

十一年，薨。上方擊球，聞訃遂罷。有司致祭，備禮以葬。賻銀一千二百五十兩及重彩幣帛。二十一年，上念其功，遷其孫三合武功將軍，授世襲本猛安曷懶若窟申謀克。泰和元年，配享世宗廟廷。

He died in the eleventh year. The emperor was at ball when he heard the news and stopped the game. The court performed the rites and buried him with full honors. Condolence gifts of 1,250 taels of silver and fine silks were granted. In the twenty-first year the emperor promoted his grandson Sanhe to Military Merit General and granted him the hereditary meng'an post. In Taihe year one he was honored in Shizong's ancestral temple.

贊曰：大定之初，兵連于江、淮，難作於契丹，謀衍挾功，窩斡橫噬，有弗戢之畏焉。世宗獨斷，召還謀衍，僕散忠義受任責成矣。故曰：「兵主於將，將賢則士勇。」其此之謂邪！紇石烈志寧有言：「受詔征伐，則不敢辭，為宰相則誠不能。」如知為相之難，固所謂賢也。秦、隴之兵，殆哉岌岌乎，徒單合喜料敵應變若此之審，亦難矣哉。

The encomium says: Early in Dading war ran along the Yangtze and Huai, Khitan rebellion flared, Moyan clung to his victories, and Wowo ravaged unchecked—fear that none could be stopped. Shizong acted decisively, recalled Moyan, and entrusted the task to Pusan Zhongyi, who carried it through. Hence the saying, "Armies depend on their generals; worthy generals make brave soldiers." Is this not exactly the case? Geshilie Zhining once said, "Ordered to war, I do not refuse; asked to be chancellor, I truly cannot." To know the difficulty of high office is itself a kind of wisdom. The armies of Qin and Long stood in peril; that Tudan Hexi could read the enemy and adapt with such precision was no small feat.

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