1
徒單益都
Tudan Yidu
2
徒單益都，不詳其履歷，嘗累官為延安總管。 正大九年正月，行省事於徐州。 時慶山奴撤東方之備入援，未至睢州，徐、邳義勝軍總領侯進、杜政、張興率本軍降大兵於永州。 辛丑，大兵守徐張盆渡。 益都到官才三日，懼兵少不能守，即令移剌長壽率甲士千人迎大兵。 長壽軍無紀律，大兵掩之，一軍皆覆，徐危甚。 益都籍州人及運糧埽兵得萬人。 乙巳，大兵傅城，燒南關而去。 侯進既降北，即以為京東行省，進遂請千人來襲。
Tudan Yidu. His service record is not known in detail; he had risen through successive posts and once served as military commissioner of Yan'an. In the first month of Zhengda 9 (1232), he was appointed to head the regional secretariat at Xuzhou. At that time Qing Shannu had pulled troops from the east to march to the relief of the capital, but before he reached Suizhou, Hou Jin, Du Zheng, and Zhang Xing—the chiefs of the Yisheng Army in Xu and Pi—led their forces over to the Mongols at Yongzhou. On the xinchou day, Mongol forces occupied Zhangpen Ford near Xuzhou. Yidu had been in his post only three days. Worried that he lacked the manpower to defend the city, he sent Yelü Changshou with a thousand armored troops to welcome the Mongol army. Changshou's men were undisciplined. The Mongols struck in a surprise attack and annihilated the entire detachment, leaving Xuzhou in grave danger. Yidu drafted ten thousand men from among the townspeople and the grain-transport militia. On the yisi day, the Mongols invested the city, torched the district outside the southern gate, and then withdrew. Once Hou Jin had gone over to the enemy, he was made commissioner of the eastern Hebei secretariat, and he asked for a thousand troops to launch a raid.
3
二月庚申，未明，大兵坎南城而上，守者皆散走，城中大呼曰：「大兵入南門矣！」 益都聞之不及甲，率州署夜直兵三百，由黃樓而南，力戰禦敵。 亂定，遷賞有差。 由是軍勢稍振，複奪張盆渡，取蕭縣，破白塔，戰于土山，救被俘老幼五千還徐。 既而，侯進亡命駐靈璧，杜政、張興亦慮為北所害，窮窘自歸。 益都撫而納之，興留徐，杜政還邳州。
On the gengshen day of the second month, before dawn, Mongol troops climbed the southern wall. The defenders broke and ran, and voices throughout the city shouted, "The Mongols are through the southern gate!" Hearing this, Yidu had no time even to arm himself. He led three hundred men on night watch at the prefectural yamen south through Huanglou Tower and fought desperately to hold the enemy back. After order was restored, men were promoted and rewarded according to their merit. The army's morale rallied somewhat. They retook Zhangpen Ford, captured Xiao County, stormed White Tower, fought at Tushan, and brought five thousand captive old and young back to Xuzhou. Before long Hou Jin fled and camped at Lingbi. Du Zheng and Zhang Xing, fearing the northerners would kill them, came back in desperation. Yidu received them kindly. Zhang Xing stayed at Xuzhou while Du Zheng went back to Pizhou.
4
益都資稟仁厚，持大體，二子兩侄為軍將，頗侵漁軍民。 青州人王祐為埽兵總領。 將兵千七百人，益都常倚之，雖有過亦不責。 以故祐亦橫恣，與河間張祚、下邑令李閏、義勝都統封仙、遙授永州刺史成進忠輩，乘軍政廢弛，城中空虛。 以六月丁巳夜燒草場作亂。 時張興臥病，祐恐事不成，起興與同行。 益都疑左右皆叛，挈妻子縋城而出，就從宜眾僧奴及東面總領劉安國軍。 張興推祐為都元帥，複懼祐圖己，遂誅祐，並張祚殺之。 因大掠城中。 壬戌，國用安以行山東路尚書省事率兵至徐，張興率甲士迎之。 用安輕騎而入，執興與其党十餘人，斬之於市，遂以封仙為元帥，兼節度使，主徐州。
Yidu was a man of generous temperament who kept sight of the larger good, but his two sons and two nephews were army officers and preyed heavily on troops and civilians alike. Wang You of Qingzhou was chief of the scoop militia. He commanded seventeen hundred troops. Yidu leaned on him heavily and never punished him even when he was clearly in the wrong. Emboldened by this protection, You grew brazen. He joined Zhang Zuo of Hejian, Magistrate Li Run of Xiayi, Yisheng commander Feng Xian, and Cheng Jinzhong—nominally commissioner of Yongzhou—and others in exploiting the breakdown of military order while the city was defenseless. On the night of the dingsi day in the sixth month they set fire to the hay yard and staged a mutiny. Zhang Xing was bedridden at the time. You feared the plot would fail and had him dragged from his sickbed to join them. Believing his entire entourage had turned against him, Yidu lowered his wife and children over the wall by rope and fled to the camps of Congyi Zhongsengnu and the eastern commander Liu Anguo. Zhang Xing made You supreme commander, then grew afraid You would turn on him. He had You killed—and Zhang Zuo with him. They then looted the city wholesale. On the renxu day Guo Yong'an arrived at Xuzhou at the head of troops as Shandong-route minister of the secretariat. Zhang Xing went out with armored men to receive him. Yong'an rode in with only a light escort, seized Zhang Xing and more than ten of his followers, and had them beheaded in the marketplace. He installed Feng Xian as supreme commander and military commissioner of Xuzhou.
5
益都窘無所歸，乃奔宿州，節度使紇石烈阿虎以益都為人所逐不納，乃與諸將駐于城南。 時宿之鎮防軍有逃還者，阿虎以為叛歸亦不納。 城中鎮防千戶高臘哥，結小吏郭仲安，謀就徐州將士內外相應以取宿，因歸楊妙真。 甲戌夜半，開門納徐州總領王德全及妻弟高元哥軍。 劉安國尋亦入城，縛阿虎父子殺之。 州中請益都主帥府事，益都不從，曰：「吾國家舊人，為將帥亦久，以資性疏迂，不能周防，遂失重鎮。 今大事已去，方逃罪不暇，豈有改易髻發、奪人城池以降外方乎！」 即日，率官吏而行，至穀熟東，遇大兵，不屈而死。
With nowhere left to turn, Yidu fled to Suzhou. Commissioner Heshenlie Ahu refused him entry—Yidu had been driven from his post, he said—and Yidu encamped with his officers south of the walls. Some of Suzhou's garrison troops who had deserted now came back. Ahu treated them as turncoats and shut them out as well. Inside the city, garrison chiliarch Gao Lage and petty clerk Guo Zhong'an plotted with the Xuzhou garrison for a coordinated assault from within and without, intending to hand Suzhou over to Yang Miaozhen. At midnight on the jiaxu day they opened the gates and let in the forces of Xuzhou commander Wang Dequan and his brother-in-law Gao Yuange. Liu Anguo entered the city soon after, bound Ahu and his son, and put them to death. The city asked Yidu to take command of headquarters affairs. He refused. "I am an old servant of the dynasty and have been a commander for many years," he said, "but I am dull and careless by nature and failed to guard on every side, and so I lost a vital stronghold. The dynasty's cause is already lost and I am barely escaping blame—how could I cut my hair, seize another man's city, and go over to outsiders!" That same day he set out with his officials. East of Gushu he met Mongol troops and died rather than submit.
6
徐州既歸海州，邳帥兀林答某亦讓印于杜政，遂送款于用安。 已而宿州王德全、劉安國亦送款海州。 惟益都不改髻發，以至於死雲。
Once Xuzhou had gone over to Haizhou, the Pi commander Ulindamo handed his seal to Du Zheng and submitted to Guo Yong'an. Before long Wang Dequan and Liu Anguo of Suzhou submitted to Haizhou as well. Only Yidu refused to cut his hair and went to his death—so the record says.
7
粘哥荊山
Niange Jingshan
8
粘哥荊山，不知其所始，正大中，累官亳州節度使。 九年正月己丑，游騎自鄧至亳，鈔鹿邑，營于衛真西北五十里。 鹿邑令高昂霄知太康已降，即夜趨亳，道出衛真，呼縣令楚珩約同行。 珩知勢不支，即明諭縣人以避遷之意，遂同走亳。 丁未，二邑皆降。 是日，軍至亳州城下。 州止有單州兵四百人，號「鎮安軍」，提控楊春、邢某、都統戴興屯已六年。 荊山悉籍城中丁壯為軍，修守具，而大兵亦不暇攻。 四月，擁降民而北，城門閉，不之知也。
Niange Jingshan. His origins are not recorded. During the Zhengda era he rose through successive posts to military commissioner of Bozhou. On the jichou day of the first month of the ninth year, Mongol scouting horsemen came from Dengzhou to Bozhou, raided Luyi, and camped fifty li northwest of Weizhen. When Luyi magistrate Gao Angxiao learned that Taikang had already fallen, he set out by night for Bozhou. His route took him through Weizhen, where he called on Magistrate Chu Heng to flee with him. Chu Heng saw the situation was hopeless. He openly told the county people he meant to evacuate, then fled with Gao to Bozhou. On the dingwei day both counties submitted. That same day the army reached the walls of Bozhou. The prefecture had only four hundred troops from Danzhou, known as the Pacifying-the-Realm Army. Commanders Yang Chun and Xing Mou and commander-in-chief Dai Xing had been stationed there for six years. Jingshan drafted every able-bodied man in the city into the army and repaired the defenses. The Mongols, for their part, had no time to press the assault. In the fourth month the Mongols drove surrendered civilians northward. The gates were shut and the city knew nothing of it.
9
五月，縱遷民收麥，老幼得出，丁壯悉留之。 民往往不肯留而遁，數日，城為之空。 荊山遣將領各詣所屬招之，並將領亦不返。 「鎮安」者皆紅祆餘黨，力盡來歸，變詐反復，朝廷終以盜賊待之。 荊山以遷民為軍，蓋防之也。 及召外兵不至，乃請於歸德，得甲騎百餘，兩總領統之。 既至，「鎮安」疑其謀己，乃乘將士新到不設備，至夜，掩殺殆盡。 荊山出走衛真，楚珩與之馬而去，州中豪貴悉被剽略。
In the fifth month they let relocated civilians out to harvest wheat. The old and young were allowed to leave; every able-bodied man was held back. Many refused to stay and slipped away. Within days the city was deserted. Jingshan sent officers to their home districts to round people up, but the officers never came back either. The Pacifying-the-Realm troops were remnants of the Red Scarves. When their strength was spent they submitted, but they were treacherous and fickle, and the court always treated them as bandits. Jingshan drafted the relocated civilians into an army chiefly to keep them under control. When outside reinforcements failed to arrive, he asked Guide for help and received a little over a hundred armored horsemen under two commanders. When they arrived, the Pacifying-the-Realm troops suspected a plot against them. The newcomers were unprepared; at night the garrison fell on them and killed nearly every man. Jingshan fled toward Weizhen. Chu Heng gave him a horse and he escaped. The wealthy families of the prefecture were looted clean.
10
劉堅者，初為大兵守城父，亳州複，擒之，囚之於獄。 楊春謀欲北降，乃出之，使為宣差。 乙巳，大兵石總管入州，改州為順天府，春為總管，戴興為同知，劉順治中，留党項軍千人戍之。 屬縣皆下，惟城父令李用宜不降，其妻子在亳，春以為質，竟不屈而死。 春既據州，與劉堅坐樓上，召副提控邢某。 邢剛直循理，將士嚴憚之，時臥病，聞春亂，流涕不自禁。 春遣人舁致之，邢指春大罵，春慚恧無言。 春欲殺荊山家，邢力勸止之，且令給道路費送之出城，邢尋病卒。 二年夏四月，北省忒木泬攻歸德，春以戴興提精卒以往，獨與疲弱者守城。 州人王賓遂反正，春渡河北遁。 既而崔七斤為亂，殺王賓。 朝廷不得已，以七斤為節度使，就其兵仗入蔡。 八月，劉順攻亳州，破之，七斤為城父令所殺。 未幾，單州軍以州人殺其家屬，召大兵來攻，蚧能拔，殺屬縣民而去。 既渡河，知亳人不疑，複來攻，州竟為春所破。 是年六月，宋人來攻，春出降，劉堅北走。
Liu Jian had first served the Mongols as defender of Chengfù. When Bozhou was retaken he was captured and thrown in prison. Yang Chun planned to defect to the north. He released Liu Jian and made him an imperial commissioner. On the yisi day Mongol Commissioner Shi entered the city. The prefecture was renamed Shuntian. Yang Chun became commissioner, Dai Xing vice commissioner, and Liu Shun administrative supervisor. A thousand Tangut troops were left as garrison. Every subordinate county submitted. Only Chengfù magistrate Li Yongyi held out. Yang Chun took his wife and children at Bozhou as hostages, but Li refused to yield and died. Once Yang Chun held the city, he and Liu Jian sat in a tower and sent for deputy commander Xing Mou. Xing was a man of stern integrity whom officers and men alike feared. He was bedridden when he heard of Yang Chun's revolt and wept uncontrollably. Yang Chun had him carried in. Xing pointed at him and cursed him to his face. Yang Chun stood silent with shame. Yang Chun wanted to slaughter Jingshan's family. Xing talked him out of it and had travel money provided to send them out of the city. Xing soon died of his illness. In the fourth month of summer in the second year, Temüge of the northern command attacked Guide. Yang Chun sent Dai Xing with elite troops while he stayed behind with only the weak to hold the city. Wang Bin of Bozhou then restored the city to Jin allegiance. Yang Chun fled north across the river. Before long Cui Qijin mutinied and killed Wang Bin. The court had no choice but to make Qijin military commissioner and march his troops and arms into Cai. In the eighth month Liu Shun attacked Bozhou, took it, and Qijin was killed by the magistrate of Chengfù. Before long the Danzhou garrison, whose families had been killed by locals, called in the Mongols to attack. Nie Nengba withdrew after slaughtering people in the subordinate counties. After crossing the river he found the people of Bozhou unprepared and attacked again. In the end Yang Chun retook the city. In the sixth month of that year the Song attacked. Yang Chun surrendered and Liu Jian fled north.
11
附:劉均
Appended biography: Liu Jun
12
劉均者，林慮人，時為亳州觀察判官。 春既逐荊山，納款大兵，脅均同降。 均佯應之，歸其家取朝服服之，顧謂妻子曰：「我起身刀筆，仰荷上知，始列朝著，又佐大籓，死亦足矣。 今頭顱已如此，假使有十年壽，何以見先帝於地下乎。」 即仰藥而死。
Liu Jun was a native of Linlu and at the time served as administrative judge of Bozhou surveillance. After Yang Chun had driven out Jingshan and submitted to the Mongols, he pressured Liu Jun to surrender as well. Liu Jun pretended to agree. He went home, dressed in his court robes, and said to his wife and children: "I began as a clerk and rose only by the emperor's grace. I have stood at court and served a great frontier post. Death is enough for me. My head is already forfeit. Even if I lived ten more years, how could I face the late emperor in the grave?" He drank poison and died.
13
王賓，字德卿，亳州人。 貞祐二年進士。 外若曠達，而深有謀畫。 初調蘭陵主簿，辟虹縣令，尋入為尚書省令史，坐事罷歸鄉里。 天興元年正月，亳州軍變，節度使粘哥荊山出走，楊春以州出降。 既而，自以羸兵守之。 賓與前譙縣尉王進、魏節亨、呂鈞約城中軍民複其州，楊春遂遁，遣節亨詣歸德以聞。 哀宗嘉之，授進節度使，賓同知節度使，節亨節度副使，鈞觀察判官。 楊春複以兵來攻，月餘不能拔，即渡河而北。
Wang Bin, courtesy name Deqing, was a native of Bozhou. He passed the civil service examination in Zhenyou 2 (1214). Outwardly he seemed easygoing, but he was a man of deep strategic ability. He was first posted as chief clerk of Lanling, then appointed magistrate of Hong County. He soon entered the Ministry of Revenue as a clerk, but was dismissed after an offense and returned home. In the first month of Tianxing 1 (1232), the Bozhou garrison mutinied. Commissioner Niange Jingshan fled and Yang Chun surrendered the city. Yang Chun soon found himself holding the city with only a weakened garrison. Wang Bin joined former Qiao County lieutenant Wang Jin, Wei Jieheng, and Lü Jun in rallying the city's troops and people to restore Jin rule. Yang Chun fled. They sent Jieheng to Guide to report the success. Emperor Aizong commended them and appointed Wang Jin military commissioner, Wang Bin vice commissioner, Wei Jieheng deputy commissioner, and Lü Jun surveillance judge. Yang Chun attacked again with an army but could not take the city for more than a month and withdrew north across the river.
14
六月，哀宗遷蔡，賓奉迎於州北之高安。 上與語，大悅，恨用之晚，擢為行部尚書、世襲謀克。 上初至亳，賓等適征民丁負鐵甲入蔡，及會計忠孝軍家屬口糧，故留參知政事張天綱董之，就遷有功將士。 時亳之糧儲不廣，賓等常吝惜，軍士以此歸怨。 及運甲之役，複不欲行。 會天綱與賓等於一樓上銓次立功等第，鎮防軍崔複哥、王六十之徒擐甲嘩噪登樓，天綱問曰：「即欲見殺，容我望闕拜辭。」 賊曰：「無預相公。」 即拽賓及呂鈞往市中。 鈞且行且跪，涕淚俱下。 賓岸然不懼，大叫曰：「不過殺我。 但殺，但殺！」 乃並害之。 節度副使魏節亨、節度判官孫良、觀察副使孫九住皆被害。 又數日，殺節度使王進。 進嘗應荊山之募，由間道入汴京納奏，賞以物不受，又散家所有濟貧民，以死自勵。 至汴，以勞遷本州節度判官。 賜以白金，亦不受，一時甚稱之。
In the sixth month Emperor Aizong moved the court to Cai. Wang Bin went north of the city to Gao'an to welcome him. The emperor spoke with him and was delighted, regretting only that he had not been used sooner. He promoted him to acting minister of the department and hereditary mouke. When the emperor first reached Bozhou, Wang Bin and his colleagues were conscripting civilians to haul iron armor to Cai and tallying grain rations for the families of the Loyal-and-Filial Army. They left Participating Councilor Zhang Tiangang behind to oversee this work and promote deserving officers. Bozhou's grain stores were meager at the time, and Wang Bin and his colleagues were stingy with rations. The troops resented them for it. When the armor transport duty came up, they refused to go again. Zhang Tiangang and Wang Bin were on a tower ranking men by merit when garrison troops led by Cui Fuge and Wang Liushi, armed and shouting, stormed upstairs. Zhang Tiangang said, "If you mean to kill me, let me bow toward the palace first." The mutineers said, "This has nothing to do with you, Chancellor." They dragged Wang Bin and Lü Jun down into the marketplace. Lü Jun went along on his knees, weeping as he went. Wang Bin stood erect and unafraid. He shouted, "You can only kill me. Go on—kill me, kill me!" They killed them both. Deputy commissioner Wei Jieheng, commissioner judge Sun Liang, and surveillance deputy Sun Jiuzhu were killed as well. A few days later they killed Military Commissioner Wang Jin. Jin had once answered Jingshan's call for recruits and slipped into Kaifeng by a back road to deliver a memorial. He refused rewards of goods and gave away his entire household fortune to help the poor, steeling himself for death. When he reached Kaifeng he was promoted to military commissioner judge of his home prefecture in recognition of his service. He was offered silver but refused that as well. For a time he was widely praised.
15
附:王進等
Appended biographies: Wang Jin and others
16
有李喜住者，本宿州眾僧奴下宣差。 天興二年四月，進糧入歸德，將還，聞亳州王進反正，制旨以喜住為振武都尉，將兵三千應援。 是時，太赤圍亳步騎十萬，喜住以眾寡不敵，獨與三人間道入城，王進方議遷左軍林，喜住不可，進即以兵付喜住。 大兵攻八日不能下。 五月壬子，兵退。 己未，官奴與阿裏合提忠孝軍百人至亳，與諸將議遷可否。 以為不可，當留輜重于蔡，選軍扈從入聖朵就武仙軍，遂入關中。 關中地利可恃，又有郭蝦蟆等軍在西可恃。
There was a man named Li Xizhu, originally an imperial commissioner under Zhongsengnu of Suzhou. In the fourth month of Tianxing 2 he delivered grain to Guide and was about to return when he heard that Wang Jin of Bozhou had restored the city to Jin rule. An imperial order made Xizhu commander of the Zhenwu Guard and sent him with three thousand men to reinforce the city. Taichi was then besieging Bozhou with a hundred thousand foot and horse. Outnumbered, Xizhu entered the city by a secret route with only three companions. Wang Jin was discussing a move to Zuojunlin, which Xizhu opposed, and Jin handed his troops over to him. The Mongols assaulted the city for eight days without success. On the renzi day of the fifth month the army withdrew. On the jiwei day Guannu and Aliheti arrived at Bozhou with a hundred Loyal-and-Filial troops to discuss with the generals whether the court should move. They argued against it. Baggage should be left at Cai, picked troops should escort the emperor to Shengdou to join Wu Xian's army, and then they should enter the Guanzhong region. The terrain of Guanzhong was defensible, and Guo Xiamo's army and other forces in the west could be counted on.
17
五月甲子，召官奴還歸德，不赴，再召，留其軍半於亳乃赴。 六月壬辰，車駕舟行至亳，王進奏：「臣本軍伍，不知治體，如李喜住扈從入蔡，則毫不守矣。 乞留治此州。」 詔以喜住為集慶軍節度使，便宜從事，進領帥職。 七月，進死。 喜住先往城父督糧餫，聞亂遂不敢入亳，後投宋。
On the jiazi day of the fifth month Guannu was summoned back to Guide but refused to go. Summoned a second time, he left half his army at Bozhou and then set out. On the renchen day of the sixth month the imperial barge reached Bozhou. Wang Jin memorialized: "I am a soldier and know nothing of civil administration. If Li Xizhu escorts Your Majesty to Cai, this city will be left utterly undefended. I beg to be left behind to govern this prefecture." An edict appointed Xizhu military commissioner of the Jiqing Army with discretionary authority, while Jin took command of headquarters. In the seventh month Wang Jin was killed. Xizhu had gone ahead to Chengfù to supervise grain shipments. Hearing of the mutiny he dared not enter Bozhou and later went over to the Song.
18
論曰：金季之亂，軍士欲代其偏裨，偏裨欲代其主將，即群起而僨之。 無複忌憚。 益都、荊山皆忠亮之士，賓、進才略尤足取焉，而並不免於難，惜哉！
The commentators say: In the disorders of the late Jin, soldiers sought to replace their company officers, company officers sought to replace their commanders, and mobs would rise up to overthrow them. No restraint or fear remained. Yidu and Jingshan were men of loyalty and integrity; Wang Bin and Wang Jin were especially admirable for their talent and strategy—yet none escaped disaster. What a pity!
19
國用安
Guo Yong'an
20
國用安，先名安用，本名咬兒，淄州人。 紅祆賊楊安兒、李全餘黨也。 嘗歸順大元，為都元帥、行山東路尚書省事。 天興元年六月，徐州埽兵總領王祐、義勝軍都統封仙、總領張興等夜燒草場作亂，逐元帥徒單益都。 安用率兵入徐，執張興與其党十餘人斬之，以封仙為元帥兼節度使，主徐州。 宿州鎮防軍千戶高臘哥與東面總帥劉安國構徐州總帥王德全，殺宿帥紇石烈阿虎，以其州歸海州。 邳州從宜兀林答某亦讓州于杜政，送款海州。 既而皆歸安用。
Guo Yong'an, formerly called Anyong and originally named Yao'er, was a native of Zizhou. He was a remnant of the Red Scarves rebels Yang An'er and Li Quan. He had once submitted to the Mongols and served as supreme commander and Shandong-route minister of the secretariat. In the sixth month of Tianxing 1, Xuzhou militia chief Wang You, Yisheng commander Feng Xian, commander Zhang Xing, and others burned the hay yard by night and mutinied, driving out Supreme Commander Tudan Yidu. Anyong led troops into Xuzhou, seized Zhang Xing and more than ten of his followers and beheaded them, and installed Feng Xian as supreme commander and military commissioner of the city. Suzhou garrison chiliarch Gao Lage and eastern commander Liu Anguo conspired with Xuzhou commander Wang Dequan, killed Suzhou commissioner Heshenlie Ahu, and handed the prefecture over to Haizhou. Pizhou congyi Ulindamo also handed his prefecture to Du Zheng and submitted to Haizhou. Before long all came under Anyong's control.
21
北大將阿術魯聞安用據徐、宿、邳，大怒曰：「此三州我當攻取，安用何人，輒受降。」 遣信安、張進等率兵入徐，欲圖安用，奪其軍。 安用懼，謀于德全，劫殺張進及海州元帥田福等數百人，與楊妙真絕，乃還邳州。 會山東諸將及徐、宿、邳主帥，刑馬結盟，誓歸金朝。 既盟，諸將皆散去，安用無所歸，遂同德全、安國托從宜眾僧奴自通於朝廷。 眾僧奴遣人上奏：「安用以數州反正，功甚大。 且其兵力強盛，材略可稱。 國家果欲倚用，非極品重權不足以堅其許國之心。」 未報。 安用率兵萬人攻海州，未至，眾稍散去。 安國因勸安用當赤心歸國，安用亦自知反復失計，事已無可奈何，於是複金朝衣冠。 妙真怒其叛己，又懼為所圖，悉屠安用家走益都。 安用遂選兵分將，期必得妙真，自此淮海之上無寧歲矣。
The Mongol general Ashulu, learning that Anyong held Xu, Su, and Pi, flew into a rage. "Those three prefectures are mine to take," he said. "Who is Anyong to accept their surrender on his own?" He sent Xin'an, Zhang Jin, and others with troops into Xuzhou, intending to destroy Anyong and seize his army. Anyong was terrified. He plotted with Dequan, ambushed and killed Zhang Jin and Haizhou commander Tian Fu along with several hundred others, broke with Yang Miaozhen, and withdrew to Pizhou. He gathered the Shandong generals and the commanders of Xu, Su, and Pi, slaughtered a horse to seal an alliance, and swore to return to the Jin dynasty. After the oath the generals dispersed. With nowhere to turn, Anyong had congyi Zhongsengnu open communications with the court on his behalf, together with Dequan and Anguo. Zhongsengnu sent a memorial: "Anyong has restored several prefectures to Jin allegiance. His merit is very great. His forces are strong and his talent and strategy are considerable. If the court truly means to rely on him, nothing short of the highest rank and greatest authority will bind his loyalty." No reply came. Anyong led ten thousand men against Haizhou, but before he arrived his troops had already begun to drift away. Anguo urged Anyong to return to the Jin with a loyal heart. Anyong knew his vacillation had been a fatal mistake and that there was no turning back, and he resumed Jin court dress. Miaozhen was furious at his betrayal and feared he would move against her. She slaughtered his entire family and fled to Yidu. Anyong then picked troops and assigned generals, determined to capture Miaozhen at any cost. From that time on the Huai-Hai coast knew no peace.
22
未幾，朝廷遣近侍局直長因世英、都事高天祐持手詔至邳，以安用為開府儀同三司、平章政事、兼都元帥、京東山東等路行尚書省事，特封兗王，賜號「英烈戡難保節忠臣」，錫姓完顏，附屬籍，改名用安，賜金鍍銀印、駝紐金印、金虎符、世襲千戶宣命、敕樣、牌樣、禦畫體宣、空頭河朔山東赦文，便宜從事，且以彭王妃誥委用安招妙真。 用安始聞使者至，猶豫未決，以總領楊懋迎使者入，監於州廨，問所以來。 世英對以封建事，意頗順。 諸帥王、杜輩皆不欲宣言，欲殺使者。 明日，用安乃出見使者，跪揖如等夷。 坐定，語世英曰：「予向隨大兵攻汴，嘗于開陽門下與侯摯議內外夾擊。 此時大兵病死者眾，十七頭項皆在京城，若從吾計出軍，中興久矣。 朝廷乃無一人敢決者，今日悔將何及。」 言竟而起。 既而選人取朝廷賜物遍觀之，喜見顏色。 複與使者私議，欲不以朝禮受之，世英等不可，即設宴拜授如儀，以主事常謹等隨使者奉表入謝。
Before long the court sent Palace Attendant Bureau chief Yin Shiying and director Gao Tianyou with an autograph edict to Pizhou. Anyong was made Grand Preceptor with ceremonial privileges equal to the Three Excellencies, Grand Councilor, and concurrently supreme commander and minister of the eastern Hebei and Shandong secretariat. He was enfeoffed as Prince of Yan and granted the title Heroic and Loyal, Quelling Hardship and Preserving Integrity, Faithful Minister. He was given the surname Wanyan, enrolled in the imperial clan register, and renamed Yong'an. He received a gold-plated silver seal, a camel-knob gold seal, a gold tiger tally, a hereditary thousand-household commission, edict and plaque forms, an imperial brush announcement, and blank amnesty documents for Hebei and Shandong, with full discretionary authority. The patent of Princess Peng was entrusted to him to win over Yang Miaozhen. When Yong'an first heard the envoys had arrived he hesitated. He had Commander Yang Mao welcome them in, detained them at the prefectural offices, and asked why they had come. Shiying spoke of the enfeoffment in accommodating terms. The commanders Wang, Du, and the others did not want the edict read aloud and wanted to kill the envoys. The next day Yong'an came out to meet the envoys, knelt, and bowed as though they were equals. Once seated, he said to Shiying: "When I followed the Mongol army against Kaifeng, I discussed with Hou Zhi a coordinated strike from inside and outside the walls at Kaiyang Gate. Many Mongols were dying of disease then, and all seventeen chief commanders were in the capital. If they had followed my plan and marched out, the dynasty would have been restored long ago. Not a single man at court dared decide—and what good is regret now?" He finished and rose. He then had the court's gifts brought out for all to see, and joy showed on his face. He discussed privately with the envoys his wish to receive the investiture without court ceremony. Shiying refused. A banquet was held and the investiture performed according to ritual. Clerk Chang Jin and others accompanied the envoys to present a memorial of thanks.
23
上複遺世英、天祐賜以鐵券一、虎符六、龍文衣一、玉魚帶一、弓矢二、封贈其父母妻誥命，及郡王宣、世襲宣、大信牌、玉兔鶻帶各十，聽同盟可賜者賜之。 使者至邳，用安迎受如禮，始有入援意。 及聞上將遷蔡州，乃遣人以蠟書言遷蔡有六不可，大率以謂：「歸德環城皆水，卒難攻擊，蔡無此險，一也。 歸德雖乏糧儲，而魚芡可以取足，蔡若受圍，廩食有限，二也。 大兵所以去歸德者，非畏我也，縱之出而躡其後，舍其難而就其易者攻焉，三也。 蔡去宋境不百里，萬一資敵兵糧，禍不可解，四也。 歸德不保，水道東行猶可以去，蔡若不守，去將安之，五也。 時方暑雨，千里泥淖，聖體豐澤，不便鞍馬，倉卒遇敵，非臣子所敢言，六也。 雖然，陛下必欲去歸德，莫如權幸山東。 山東富庶甲天下，臣略有其地，東連沂、海，西接徐、邳，南扼盱、楚，北控淄、齊。 若鑾輿少停，臣仰賴威靈，河朔之地可傳檄而定。 惟陛下審察。」 上以其言示宰臣。 宰臣奏用安反復，本無匡輔志，此必參議張介等議之，業已遷蔡，議遂寢。
The emperor sent Shiying and Tianyou back with one iron certificate, six tiger tallies, one dragon-pattern robe, one jade-fish belt, two bows and quivers, patents for his parents and wife, and ten each of prince announcements, hereditary announcements, great-trust plaques, and jade-hawk belts, with permission to distribute them among worthy allies. When the envoys reached Pizhou, Yong'an received them with full ceremony and first conceived the idea of marching to the emperor's relief. When he heard the emperor was about to move to Caizhou, he sent a wax-sealed letter listing six reasons against the move. In essence: "Guide is ringed by water on all sides and is hard to assault quickly. Caizhou lacks this advantage—that is the first reason. Guide's granaries may be low, but fish and aquatic plants can feed the city. If Caizhou is besieged, its stores are limited—that is the second reason. The Mongols left Guide not because they fear us, but to let us march out and then follow at our heels, abandoning a hard target for an easy one—that is the third reason. Caizhou is less than a hundred li from Song territory. If we supply the enemy with grain, the disaster will be irreparable—that is the fourth reason. If Guide cannot be held, escape east by water is still possible. If Caizhou falls, where will Your Majesty go—that is the fifth reason. It is the season of summer rains; the roads are mud for a thousand li; Your Majesty's person is not suited to horseback; to meet the enemy in haste—this is what no subject dares say aloud—that is the sixth reason. Nevertheless, if Your Majesty must leave Guide, it would be best to make a temporary stay in Shandong. Shandong's wealth is unmatched under heaven. I hold part of its territory, joining in the east with Yi and Hai, in the west with Xu and Pi, in the south holding Xu and Chu, and in the north controlling Zi and Qi. If the imperial carriage pauses briefly, I can bring the Hebei lands to submission by proclamation alone, relying on Your Majesty's authority. I beg Your Majesty to consider this carefully." The emperor showed the letter to his chief ministers. The chief ministers reported that Yong'an was treacherous and had never intended to aid the restoration; the letter must have been drafted by his staff adviser Zhang Jie. The court had already moved to Caizhou, and the proposal was set aside.
24
初，世英等過徐，王德全、劉安國說之曰：「朝廷恩命豈宜出自用安，郡王宣吾二人最當得者，乞就留之。」 世英乃留郡王宣、世襲宣、玉帶各二。 由是與用安有隙，又懼為所圖，皆不聽其節制。 十郡王者，李明德、封仙、張瑀、張友、卓翼、康琮、杜政、吳歪頭、王德全、劉安國也。 用安必欲取山東，累征徐、宿兵，止以勤王為辭，二帥不應。 用安怒，令杜政等率兵三千，以取糧為名，襲徐、宿。 既入城，德全覺之，就留杜政、封仙不遣。 用安愈怒，謂德全、安國必有謀，乃執桃園帥吳某等八九人下獄鞫問。 二帥遣溫特罕張哥以杜政、封仙欲襲取徐州白用安，不聽，驅吳帥、張哥輩九人並斬之。 張哥將死大呼曰：「國咬兒，汝無尺寸功，受國家大封爵，何負於汝，而從杜政等變亂，又殺無罪之人。 今雖死，當與汝辨於地下矣。」 會上遣臧國昌以密詔徵兵東方，故用安假朝命聲言入援，檄劉安國為前鋒，親率兵三千駐徐州城下招德全。 德全終疑見圖，不出，系封仙於獄，殺之，遣杜政出城。 安國既至宿州，用安複召安國還，安國不從，獨與眾僧奴赴援。 行及臨渙龍山寺，用安使人劫殺之，遂攻徐州，逾三月不能下，退歸漣水。 於是，因世英以用安終不赴援，乃還朝，至宿州西，遇大兵，不屈而死，事聞，贈汝州防禦使。
Earlier, when Shiying passed through Xuzhou, Wang Dequan and Liu Anguo said to him: "How can the court's honors be dispensed by Yong'an? We two deserve those prince announcements most—please leave them with us." Shiying left two each of prince announcements, hereditary announcements, and jade belts. From this Yong'an bore a grudge against them. Fearing he would move against them, they all refused his orders. The ten princes of prefectures were Li Mingde, Feng Xian, Zhang Yu, Zhang You, Zhuo Yi, Kang Cong, Du Zheng, Wu Waitou, Wang Dequan, and Liu Anguo. Yong'an was determined to seize Shandong and repeatedly summoned troops from Xu and Su on the pretext of marching to the emperor's relief. The two commanders refused. Enraged, Yong'an ordered Du Zheng and others to lead three thousand men against Xu and Su on the pretext of gathering grain. Once they entered the city Dequan saw through the plot and detained Du Zheng and Feng Xian. Yong'an grew still angrier and accused Dequan and Anguo of plotting. He seized Taoyuan commander Wu Mou and eight or nine others, threw them in prison, and tortured them for confessions. The two commanders sent Wentehan Zhang Ge to tell Yong'an that Du Zheng and Feng Xian had intended to seize Xuzhou. He refused to listen and had Commander Wu, Zhang Ge, and all nine men driven out and beheaded. As Zhang Ge was about to die he shouted: "Guo Yao'er! You have not an inch of merit yet received the state's highest honors. What wrong did we do you, that you follow Du Zheng in mutiny and kill innocent men? Though I die now, I will argue this case with you in the grave." The emperor had sent Zang Guochang with a secret edict to summon eastern troops. Yong'an used the court's order as a pretext, proclaiming he was marching to the relief, named Liu Anguo vanguard, and personally led three thousand men to camp below Xuzhou's walls to summon Dequan. Dequan to the end suspected a trap and would not come out. He imprisoned Feng Xian and killed him, then sent Du Zheng out of the city. Anguo had reached Suzhou when Yong'an summoned him back. Anguo refused and set out with Zhongsengnu alone to march to the emperor's relief. At Longshan Temple in Linhuan, Yong'an sent men to ambush and kill them. He then besieged Xuzhou for more than three months without success and withdrew to Lianshui. Because Yong'an never marched to the relief, Yin Shiying returned to court. West of Suzhou he met Mongol troops and died rather than submit. When the report reached the capital he was posthumously made defender of Ruzhou.
25
既而用安軍食不給，乞糧于宋，宋陽許之，即改從宋衣冠，而私與朝使相親。 尋益乏食，軍民多亡去，乃命蕭均以嚴刑禁亡者，血流滿道。 大元東平萬戶查剌將兵至漣水，遂降焉。 查剌既渡河，趨蔡州，用安以詭計還漣水，複叛歸於宋，受浙東總管、忠州團練使，隸淮閫。 甲午正月，聞大兵圍沛，用安往救之，敗走徐州。 會移兵攻徐，用安投水死，求得其屍，皮刂面系馬尾，為怨家田福一軍臠食而盡。
Before long Yong'an's army ran out of food. He begged grain from the Song, who pretended to agree. He adopted Song dress but kept up private contact with Jin envoys. Food grew still scarcer and soldiers and civilians fled in droves. He ordered Xiao Jun to enforce desertion with brutal punishments until blood ran in the streets. The Mongol ten-thousand-household Chala of Dongping led troops to Lianshui, and Yong'an surrendered. After Chala crossed the river and marched on Caizhou, Yong'an tricked his way back to Lianshui, defected to the Song again, and was made Zhedong commander and Tuanlian commissioner of Zhongzhou under the Huai circuit command. In the first month of the jiawu year, hearing the Mongols were besieging Pei, Yong'an marched to its relief, was defeated, and fled to Xuzhou. When the army turned to attack Xuzhou, Yong'an threw himself into the water and drowned. His corpse was recovered, flayed, his face cut, tied to a horse's tail, and devoured piece by piece by Tian Fu's vengeful army until nothing remained.
26
用安形狀短小無須，喜與輕薄子遊，日擊鞠衢市間，顧眄自矜，無將帥大體。
Yong'an was short and beardless. He delighted in the company of frivolous men, played cuju daily in the market streets, preened with self-admiration, and lacked the bearing of a commander.
27
介字介甫，平州人，正大元年經義進士第一，時為用安參議。
Zhang Jie, courtesy name Jiefu, was a native of Pingzhou. In Zhengda 1 he placed first in the jingyi civil examination and at the time served as Yong'an's staff adviser.
28
初，天祐等出汴，微服間行，經北軍營幕，至通許崔橋，始有義軍招撫司官府，去京師二百里矣。 至陳州，防禦使粘葛奴申始立州事。 留二日，至項城，縣令硃珍立縣事，有士卒千二百人。 至泰和縣，縣令王義立縣已五月矣。 八月，至宿州，眾僧奴得報，且知朝廷授以權宿州節度使、兼元帥左都監之命，具彩輿儀衛出城五里奉迎。 時東方不知朝廷音問已八月矣，官民見使者至，且拜且哭。 有張顯者任俠尚氣知義理，即謂天祐曰：「東方不知朝廷音問已數月，今見使者，百姓皆感動。 若不以聖旨撫慰之，恐失東民之必。 我欲矯稱制旨宣諭，如何。」 天祐書生，守規矩，不敢從，但以宰相旨集州民慰撫之，州民複大哭。 明日，往徐州。
When Tianyou and the others left Kaifeng they traveled in disguise by back roads, passed through Mongol camps, and reached Cuiqiao in Tongxu, where they found the first Pacification Commission office of the Righteous Army—two hundred li from the capital. At Chenzhou defender Niange Nushen had only just established prefectural government. They stayed two days and reached Xiangcheng, where Magistrate Zhu Zhen had established county government with twelve hundred soldiers. At Taihe County, Magistrate Wang Yi had been administering the county for five months. In the eighth month they reached Suzhou. Zhongsengnu had received word that the court had appointed him acting military commissioner of Suzhou and left commander of the supreme headquarters. He went five li outside the city with a decorated carriage and full escort to welcome them. The east had been without word from the court for eight months. Officials and commoners alike bowed and wept when the envoys arrived. A man named Zhang Xian, chivalrous and principled, said at once to Tianyou: "The east has been without word from the court for many months. Now that the envoys have come, the people are deeply moved. If they are not comforted by an imperial edict, I fear we will lose the eastern people's loyalty. I wish to announce a forged imperial order—what do you think?" Tianyou was a scholar who observed propriety and dared not agree. He only gathered the people of the prefecture under the chief councilor's order to comfort them, and they wept aloud again. The next day they continued on to Xuzhou.
29
時青，滕陽人。 初與叔父全俱為紅祆賊，及楊安兒、劉二祖敗，承赦來降，隸軍中。 興定初，青為濟州義軍萬戶。 是時，叔父全為行樞密院經歷官。 興定二年冬，全馳驛過東平，青來見，因告全將叛入宋，全秘之。 頃之，青率其眾入于宋。 宋人置之淮南，屯龜山，有眾數萬。
Shi Qing was a native of Tengyang. He and his uncle Quan had first served among the Red Scarves. When Yang An'er and Liu Erzu were defeated they accepted an amnesty, surrendered, and entered army service. At the beginning of the Xingding era, Qing was ten-thousand-household of the Jizhou Righteous Army. At that time his uncle Quan was administrative officer of the Mobile Privy Council. In the winter of Xingding 2, Quan passed through Dongping by relay horse. Qing came to see him and confided that he planned to defect to the Song. Quan kept the secret. Before long Qing led his followers over to the Song. The Song stationed him in Huainan at Guishan with a force of several tens of thousands.
30
興定四年，泗州行元帥府紇石烈牙吾塔遣人招之，青以書來。 書曰：「青本滕陽良民，遭時亂離，扶老攜幼避地草莽。 官吏不明此心，目以叛逆，無所逃死，竄匿淮海。 離親舊、去鄉邑，豈人情之所樂哉。 僕雖偷生寄食他國，首丘之念，未嘗一日忘之。 如朝廷赦青之罪，乞假邳州以屯老幼。 當襲取盱眙，盡定淮南，以贖往昔之過。」 牙吾塔複書曰：「公等初亦無罪，誠能為國建功，全軍來歸，即吾人也。 邳州吾城，以吾人居之，亦何不可。 《易》曰：'君子見幾而作，不俟終日。 '公其亟圖之。 生還父母之邦，富貴終身，傳芳後世，與其羈縻異域，目以兵虜，孰愈哉？」 牙吾塔奏其事。 十月，詔加青銀青榮祿大夫，封滕陽公，仍為本處兵馬總領元帥、兼宣撫使。 青潛表陳謝，複以邳州為請。 樞密院奏：「恐青意止欲得邳州。 可諭牙吾塔，若青誠實來歸，即當授之。 如審其詐，可使人入宋境宣佈往來之言，及所援官爵，亦行間之術也。」 青既不得邳州，複為宋守。
In Xingding 4, Sizhou acting commander Heshenlie Yayuta sent envoys to recruit him. Qing replied by letter. The letter read: "I was originally a law-abiding man of Tengyang. Caught in the chaos of the times, I led the old and carried the young into the wilderness to escape. Officials did not understand my heart and called me a rebel. With nowhere to flee I hid along the Huai-Hai coast. To leave kin and home—what man would choose that willingly? Though I live on borrowed time in a foreign land, I have not forgotten for a single day my wish to return home. If the court pardons my crimes, I beg leave to station my family at Pizhou. I will strike Xuyi, pacify all Huainan, and atone for my past faults." Yayuta replied: "You were never guilty in the first place. If you truly serve the state and bring your whole army home, you will be one of us. Pizhou is my city. What harm if your people dwell there? The Book of Changes says: 'When the noble man sees the first sign, he acts and does not wait for the full day. Plan this quickly. To return alive to your homeland, enjoy wealth and honor for life, and leave a good name to posterity—is that not better than being held in a foreign land and treated as a captive soldier?" Yayuta memorialized the exchange to the court. In the tenth month an edict promoted Qing to Silver-Green Grand Master for Glorious Blessing, enfeoffed him as Duke of Tengyang, and named him supreme commander of local forces and concurrently pacification commissioner. Qing secretly submitted a memorial of thanks and again asked for Pizhou. The Privy Council reported: "We fear Qing's only aim is to obtain Pizhou. Yayuta should be told that if Qing returns in good faith, Pizhou will be granted to him. If he proves treacherous, send men into Song territory to spread word of these exchanges and the ranks granted him—that too is a stratagem of sowing discord." When Qing failed to obtain Pizhou, he remained in Song service.
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興定五年正月二十五日夜，青襲破泗州西城，提控王祿遇害。 是時，時全為同簽樞密院事，朝廷不知青襲破西城，止稱宋人而已。 詔全往督泗州兵取西城。 全至泗州，獲紅祆賊一人，詰問之，乃知青為宋京東鈐轄，襲破西城。 全頗喜，乃殺其人以滅口。 牙吾塔晝夜力戰，募死士以梯沖逼城，青縋兵出拒不得前。 牙吾塔遣提控王應孫穴城，東北隅，青夜出兵來襲，擊卻之。 越二日，複出又卻之。 攻城益急，青以舟兵二千合城中兵來犯牙吾塔營，提控斡魯朵先知，設伏掩擊，青兵大敗，溺淮水死者千人，自是不復出矣。 王應孫穴城將及城中，青隧地然薪，逼出之。 青乘城指麾，流矢中其目，餘眾往往被創，樓堞相繼摧壞，城中恟懼，遂無固志。 二月二十六日夜，青拔眾走，遂複西城。
On the night of the twenty-fifth of the first month of Xingding 5, Qing stormed and took Sizhou's western city. Commander Wang Lu was killed. Shi Quan was then co-signatory of the Privy Council. The court did not know Qing had taken the western city and reported only that Song troops were responsible. An edict ordered Quan to supervise the Sizhou garrison in retaking the western city. When Quan reached Sizhou he captured a Red Scarves bandit and learned under questioning that Qing was Song eastern Hebei commander and had taken the western city. Quan was pleased and killed the man to silence him. Yayuta fought day and night, recruited dare-to-die men to assault the walls with ladders and rams, but Qing lowered troops by rope to repel them and they could not advance. Yayuta sent Commander Wang Yingsun to tunnel into the northeast corner of the city. Qing sallied by night and drove him back. Two days later he tried again and was repelled once more. The assault intensified. Qing sent two thousand boat troops with the city garrison against Yayuta's camp. Commander Woluduo anticipated the move and ambushed them. Qing's force was routed and a thousand men drowned in the Huai. After that he did not sally again. Wang Yingsun's tunnel was nearly inside the walls when Qing counter-tunneled, set fires underground, and forced the miners out. Qing mounted the wall to direct the defense. A stray arrow struck his eye. Many of his men were wounded and the towers and parapets crumbled one after another. Panic spread through the city and the will to resist collapsed. On the night of the twenty-sixth of the second month Qing withdrew and fled. The western city was recovered.
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五月，兵還，距淮二十里，諸軍將渡，全矯稱密詔「諸軍且留收淮南麥」，遂下令人獲麥三石以給軍。 眾惑之，訛可及諸將佐勸之不聽，軍留三日。 訛可謂全曰：「今淮水淺狹，可以速濟。 時方暑雨，若值暴漲，宋乘其後，將不得完歸矣。」 全力拒之。 從宜達阿、移失不、斜烈、李辛稍稍不平，全怒曰：「訛可一帥耳，汝曹黨之。 汝曹致身至此，皆吾之力。 吾院官也，於汝無不可者。」 眾乃不敢言。 是夜，大雨。 明日，淮水暴漲，乃為橋渡軍。 宋兵襲之，軍遂敗績。 橋壞，全以輕舟先濟，士卒皆覆沒。 宣宗乃下詔誅之，遣官招集潰軍，詔曰：「大軍渡淮，每立功效。 諸將謬誤，部曲散亡，流離憂苦，朕甚閔焉。 各歸舊營，勉圖自效。」 又詔曰：「陣亡把軍品官子孫，十五以上者依品官子孫例隨局承應，十五以下、十歲以上者依品從隨局給俸，至成人本局差使。 無子孫官，依例給俸。 應贈官、賻錢、軍人家口當養贍者。 並如舊制。」
In the fifth month the army withdrew. Twenty li from the Huai, as the troops were about to cross, Quan forged a secret edict: "The armies shall remain to harvest Huainan wheat," and ordered each man to gather three piculs of wheat for the army. The troops were perplexed. Eke and the other generals urged him to move on, but he refused, and the army stayed three days. Eke said to Quan: "The Huai is shallow and narrow now. We can cross quickly. It is the season of summer rains. If a sudden flood comes and the Song strike from behind, we will not get the army home intact." Quan firmly refused. Congyi Da'a, Yishibu, Xielie, and Li Xin grew restive. Quan said angrily: "Eke is only one commander—you are all in his faction. You owe your positions entirely to me. I am a Privy Council officer. There is nothing I may not do to you." No one dared speak again. That night heavy rain fell. The next day the Huai flooded. They built a bridge to get the army across. Song troops struck and the army was routed. The bridge collapsed. Quan escaped in a light boat while the soldiers were drowned. Emperor Xuanzong issued an edict condemning Quan and sent officials to gather the scattered troops. The edict read: "The great army crossed the Huai and repeatedly achieved merit. The generals erred. Units scattered and men wander in distress. We are deeply grieved. Return to your old camps and strive to serve again." Another edict said: "For descendants of ranked company officers killed in battle: those fifteen and above shall enter bureau service under the precedent for officers' descendants; those between ten and fifteen shall receive salaries according to rank until adulthood, when the home bureau assigns duties. For officers without descendants, salaries shall be paid according to precedent. Posthumous ranks, funeral payments, and support for soldiers' families shall follow the old regulations. All shall follow the former system."
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贊曰：金自章宗季年，宋韓侂胄構難，招誘鄰境亡命以撓中原，事竟無成。 而青、徐、淮海之郊民心一搖，歲遇饑饉，盜賊蜂起，相為長雄，又自屠滅，害及無辜，十餘年糜沸未息。 宣宗不思靖難，複為伐宋之舉，迄金之亡，其禍尤甚。 簡書所載國用安、時青等遺事，至今仁人君子讀之猶蹙頞終日。 當時烝黎，如魚在釜，其何以自存乎。 兵，兇器也。 金以兵得國，亦以兵失國，可不慎哉，可不慎哉！
The encomium says: From the late years of Emperor Zhangzong, when the Song minister Han Tuozhou stirred up war and recruited fugitives from neighboring territories to harass the central plain, the affair came to nothing. Yet in Qing, Xu, and the Huai-Hai borderlands popular loyalty wavered. Famine followed famine. Bandits rose in swarms, made one another chieftains, and slaughtered one another. Innocents suffered. For more than ten years the region seethed without rest. Emperor Xuanzong did not seek to quell the disorders but launched another campaign against the Song. Down to the fall of Jin the calamity only grew worse. The surviving accounts of Guo Yong'an, Shi Qing, and men like them still make humane readers knit their brows for a whole day. The common people of that time were like fish in a boiling pot. How could they survive? Arms are instruments of ill omen. Jin won the realm through arms and lost it through arms. How can one not be cautious—how can one not be cautious!