1
列傳第五十九忠義一○胡沙補特虎僕忽得粘割韓奴曹珪溫蒂罕蒲睹訛里也納蘭綽赤魏全鄯陽夾穀守中石抹元毅伯德梅和尚烏古孫兀屯高守約和速嘉安禮王維翰移剌古與涅宋扆烏古論榮祖烏古論仲溫九住李演劉德基王毅王晦齊鷹揚朮甲法心高錫
Biography 59: Loyalty and Righteousness I — Hu Shabu, Te Hu, Pu Hude, Zhange Hannu, Cao Gui, Wendihanpudu, E Liye, Nalan Chaochi, Wei Quan, Shanyang, Jiagu Shouzhong, Shimo Yuanyi, Bodemeiheshang, Wugusunwutun, Gao Shouyue, Hesujiaanli, Wang Weihan, Yilaguyunie, Song Yi, Wugulunrongzu, Wugulunzhongwen, Jiu Zhu, Li Yan, Liu Deji, Wang Yi, Wang Hui, Qi Yingyang, Paijia Faxin, Gao Xi
2
欒共子曰：「民生於三，事之如一，唯其所在，則致死焉。」 公卿大夫居其位，食其祿，國家有難，在朝者死其官，守郡邑者死城郭，治軍旅者死行陣，市井草野之臣發憤而死，皆其所也。 故死得其所，則所欲有甚於生者焉。 金代褒死節之臣，既贈官爵，仍錄用其子孫。 貞祐以來，其禮有加，立祠樹碑，歲時致祭，可謂至矣。 聖元詔修遼、金、宋史，史臣議凡例，凡前代之忠於所事者，請書之無諱，朝廷從之。 烏乎，仁哉聖元之為政也。 司馬遷記豫讓對趙襄子之言曰：「人主不掩人之美，而忠臣有成名之義。」 至哉斯言，聖元之為政，足為萬世訓矣。 作《忠義傳》。
Duke Gongzi of Luan said, "A person's life rests on three fundamental bonds, and one should serve each with equal devotion. Wherever one's duty lies, one should be ready to die for it there." When ministers and officials hold their posts and draw their salaries, and the realm is in crisis, those at court die at their posts, magistrates die defending walls and cities, commanders die in the ranks, and humble folk of town and countryside die in indignant sacrifice—each in the station that is theirs." Thus when one dies where one ought, what one seeks in death can outweigh what one seeks in life. In the Jin, those who died loyal were not only posthumously ennobled but their descendants were also brought into service. From the Zhenyou period on, the honors grew—shrines and steles, seasonal sacrifices—reaching the highest degree of reverence. When the Yuan ordered the compilation of the Liao, Jin, and Song histories, the compilers proposed that men loyal to their lords in earlier dynasties be recorded without omission, and the court agreed. Ah, how humane was the governance of the sacred Yuan! Sima Qian records Yu Rang telling Zhao Xiangzi, "A lord does not conceal others' worth, and a loyal minister has the right to win a lasting name." How profound that saying is! The Yuan's policy in this regard is a lesson for all ages." Hence this "Biographies of Loyalty and Righteousness."
3
胡沙補
Hu Shabu
4
胡沙補，完顏部人。 年三十五從軍，頗見任用。 太祖使僕刮剌往遼國請阿竦，實觀其形勢。 僕刮剌還言遼兵不知其數，太祖疑之，使胡沙補往。 還報曰：「遼兵調兵，尚未大集。」 及見統軍，使其孫被甲立於傍，統軍曰：「人謂汝輩且反，故為備耳。」 及行道中，遇渤海軍，渤海軍向胡沙補且笑且言曰：「聞女直欲為亂，汝輩是邪。」 具以告太祖，又曰：「今舉大事不可後時，若俟河凍，則遼兵盛集來攻矣。 乘其未集而早伐之，可以得志。」 太祖深然之。 及破甯江州，戰于達魯古城，皆有功，賜以旗鼓並禦器械。 高永昌請和，胡沙補往招之，取胡突古以歸。 高永昌詐降于斡魯，斡魯使胡沙補、撒八往報。 會高楨降，言永昌非真降者，斡魯乃進兵。 永昌怒，遂殺胡沙補，撒八，皆支解之。 胡沙補就執，神色自若，罵永昌曰：「汝叛君逆天，今日殺我，明日及汝矣。」 罵不絕口，至死。 年五十九。 天會中，與撒八俱贈遙鎮節度使。
Hu Shabu was of the Wanyan clan. At thirty-five he took the field and won substantial trust. The Founder sent Puguala to the Liao court to request Asong, but in truth to scout their strength. Puguala reported that he could not tell how many Liao troops there were; the Founder was skeptical and sent Hu Shabu. He came back and reported, "The Liao are calling up troops but have not yet massed in strength." When he met the frontier commander, the commander had his grandson stand beside him in armor. The commander said, "People say your people are plotting rebellion, so we have taken precautions." On the road he met Bohai soldiers, who laughed at Hu Shabu and said, "We hear the Jurchen are rising—is that you?" He told the Founder everything and added, "We must not delay this great undertaking. If we wait until the rivers freeze, the Liao will mass their armies and strike. Strike while they are still scattered and we can prevail." The Founder strongly agreed. When Ningjiang fell and they fought at Dalügu, he distinguished himself in both battles and was rewarded with banners, drums, and armor. When Gao Yongchang sued for peace, Hu Shabu went to win him over and brought Hutugu back with him. Gao Yongchang pretended to submit to Wolu, who sent Hu Shabu and Sabo to confirm it. Gao Zhen then surrendered and said Yongchang's submission was a sham, whereupon Wolu marched forward. Enraged, Yongchang killed Hu Shabu and Sabo and had both dismembered. Seized, Hu Shabu remained composed and cursed Yongchang: "You betray your sovereign and defy Heaven. Kill me today, and tomorrow the reckoning will be yours." He railed without stopping until he died. He was fifty-nine. During Tianhui, he and Sabo were both posthumously appointed Military Commissioners of Yaozhen.
5
特虎，雅撻瀾水人。 軀幹雄偉，敢戰鬥。 達魯古城之役，活女陷敵，特虎救出之。 攻照散城，遼兵三千來拒，特虎先登，敗之。 攻盧葛營，麻吉墮馬，特虎獨殺遼兵數輩，掖而出之。 賞賚逾渥。 自臨潢班師，至遼河，餘睹來襲，婁室已引去，特虎獨殿，馬憊乃步鬥，婁室與數騎來救，特虎止曰：“我以一死捍敵，公勿來，俱毙无益。 ”遂没於陣。 皇統間，贈明威將軍。
Te Hu was from the Yatalan River region. He had a powerful build and fought fearlessly. At Dalügu, Huonü was surrounded by the enemy; Te Hu fought his way in and brought him out. When they assaulted Zhaosan, three thousand Liao troops barred the way; Te Hu was first over the wall and routed them. At the Luge camp, Maji was thrown from his horse; Te Hu cut down several Liao fighters single-handed and helped him to safety. His rewards were exceptionally generous. Marching back from Linhuang, at the Liao River they were attacked by Yudu. Wushi had already pulled away; Te Hu alone covered the retreat. When his horse gave out he fought on foot. Wushi rode back with a few men to save him; Te Hu called out, "Let me hold them with my life—stay back, sir; if we all die here it helps no one." He fell on the field. Under Huangtong he was posthumously made General of Bright Prestige.
6
僕忽得
Pu Hude
7
僕忽得，宗室子。 初事國相撒改，伐蕭海里有功。 與酬斡俱，招降燭偎水部族，酬斡為謀克，僕忽得領行軍千戶。 從破黃龍府，戰于達魯古城，皆有功。 甯江州渤海乙塞補叛，僕忽得追複之。 天輔五年九月，酬斡、僕忽得往鱉古河籍軍馬，燭偎水部實里古達等七人殺酬斡、僕忽得，投其屍水中，俱年四十三。 太祖悼惜，遣使吊賻加等。 六年正月，斡魯伐實里古達于石里罕河，追及於合撻剌山，殺四人，撫定餘眾。 詔斡魯求酬斡、僕忽得屍以葬。 天眷中，贈酬斡奉國上將軍、僕忽得昭義大將軍。
Pu Hude was of the imperial clan. He first served Chancellor Sagai and distinguished himself in the war against Xiao Haili. With Chouwo he brought the Zhuwei River tribes to submission; Chouwo was made a mouke commander while Pu Hude led a thousand-household field detachment. He took part in the fall of Huanglong and the fight at Dalügu, earning credit in both. When the Bohai Yisai Bu rebelled at Ningjiang, Pu Hude pursued and retook the district. In the ninth month of Tianfu 5, Chouwo and Pu Hude went to the Biegu River to muster horses and men; Shiriguda and six others of the Zhuwei River tribe killed them and cast their bodies into the river. Both were forty-three. The Founder grieved for them and sent envoys with condolences and extra gifts. In the first month of year six, Wolu campaigned against Shiriguda on the Shilihan, caught him at Hetala Mountain, executed four of the killers, and pacified the rest. Wolu was ordered to recover the bodies of Chouwo and Pu Hude for burial. Under Tianjuan, Chouwo was posthumously made General Who Upholds the State and Pu Hude Grand General of Manifest Righteousness.
8
酬斡，亦宗室子也。 年十五隸軍，從太祖伐遼，率濤溫路兵招撫三坦、石里很、跋苦三水鱉古城邑，皆降之。 敗室韋五百于阿良葛城，獲其民眾。 至是死焉。
Chouwo, too, was of the imperial clan. At fifteen he joined the army and followed the Founder against Liao, leading Taowen Route forces to bring in the settlements of Santan, Shilihen, Bacu, and the Biegu towns along the three rivers—all submitted. He routed five hundred Shiwei at Aliange and took their people captive. He died in this affair.
9
粘割韓奴
Zhange Hannu
10
粘割韓奴，以護衛從宗弼征伐，賜鎧甲弓矢戰馬。 初，太祖入居庸關，遼林牙耶律大石自古北口亡去，以其眾來襲奉聖州，壁于龍門東二十五里，婁室往取之，獲大石並降其眾。 宗望襲遼主輜重於青塚，以大石為鄉導，詔曰：「遼趙王習泥烈、林牙大石、北王喝里質、節度使訛里刺、孛堇赤狗兒、招討迪六、祥穩六斤、同知海里及諸官民，並釋其罪。」 複詔斡魯曰：「林牙大石雖非降附，其為鄉導有勞，可明諭之。」 時天輔六年也。 既而亡去，不知所往。
Zhange Hannu served as a guardsman under Zongbi on campaign and was given armor, bow and arrows, and a war horse. When the Founder first passed Juyong, the Liao Grand Secretary Yelü Dashi escaped through the northern pass with his men, struck at Fengsheng, and camped twenty-five li east of Longmen. Wushi marched against him, took Dashi prisoner, and accepted the surrender of his force. Zongwang struck the Liao emperor's baggage train at Qingzhong with Dashi as guide. An edict declared: "The Liao Prince of Zhao Ximilie, Grand Secretary Dashi, Northern Prince Helizhi, Commissioner Elici, Commander Chigou'er, Pacification Commissioner Di Liu, Xiangwen Liujin, Vice Commissioner Haili, and all officials and commoners—their offenses are pardoned." Another edict told Wolu, "Grand Secretary Dashi has not formally surrendered, but he has served well as a guide—make that plain to him." This was in Tianfu 6. He then fled again, and no one knew where he had gone.
11
天會二年，遼詳穩撻不野來降，言大石稱王於北方，署置南北面官僚，有戰馬萬匹，畜產甚眾。 詔曰：「追襲遼主，必酌事宜而行。 攻討大石，須俟報下。」 三年，都统完顏希尹言，聞夏人與耶律大石約曰：「大金既獲遼主，諸軍皆將歸矣，宜合兵以取山西諸部。」 詔答曰：「夏人或與大石合謀為釁，不可不察，其嚴備之。」 七年，泰州路都統婆盧火奏：「大石已得北部二營，恐後難制，且近群牧，宜列屯戍。」 詔答曰：「以二營之故發兵，諸部必擾，當謹斥候而已。」 八年，遣耶律余睹、石家奴、拔離速追討大石，徵兵諸部，諸部不從，石家奴至兀納水而還。 余睹報元帥府曰：「聞耶律大石在和州之域，恐與夏人合，當遣使索之。」 夏國報曰：「小國與和州壤地不相接，且不知大石所往也。」 皇統四年，回紇遣使入貢，言大石與其國相鄰，大石已死。 詔遣韓奴與其使俱往，因觀其國風俗，加武義將軍，奉使大石。 韓奴去後不復聞問。
In Tianhui 2 the Liao Xiangwen Tabuye surrendered and reported that Dashi had proclaimed himself king in the north, set up northern and southern administrations, commanded ten thousand war horses, and held vast herds. An edict read, "Pursuit of the Liao emperor must follow what circumstances allow. Striking at Dashi must wait for further orders." In year three, Commander Wanyan Xiyin reported that the Xia and Yelü Dashi had agreed: "Now that the Jin hold the Liao emperor, their armies will soon withdraw—we should join forces and seize the western tribes." The court answered, "The Xia may be scheming with Dashi—do not neglect it; strengthen your defenses." In year seven, Taizhou Route commander Poluhuo reported: "Dashi has seized two northern camps; he may grow unmanageable, and he is close to our pastures—station troops there." The reply was, "Mobilizing over two camps would unsettle the tribes—maintain vigilant scouts only." In year eight, Yelü Yudu, Shijianu, and Balisu were dispatched against Dashi; the tribes refused the levy, and Shijianu turned back at the Wuna River. Yudu reported to headquarters: "Dashi is said to be in the Hezhou region; he may ally with the Xia—send envoys to demand his surrender." The Xia answered, "Our realm does not adjoin Hezhou, and we do not know Dashi's whereabouts either." In Huangtong 4, Uighur envoys came with tribute and said Dashi's realm bordered theirs and that Dashi was already dead. Hannu was ordered to go with the envoys to observe their customs; he was made General of Martial Righteousness and sent as envoy to Dashi. After Hannu left, nothing more was heard of him.
12
大定中，回紇移習覽三人至西南招討司貿易，自言：「本國回紇鄒括番部，所居城名骨斯訛魯朵，俗無兵器，以田為業，所獲十分之一輸官。 耆老相傳，先時契丹至不能拒，因臣之。 契丹所居屯營，乘馬行自旦至日中始周匝。 近歲契丹使其女婿阿本斯領兵五萬北攻葉不輦等部族，不克而還，至今相攻未已。」 詔曰：「此人非隸朝廷番部，不鬚髮遣，可于咸平府舊有回紇人中安置，毋令失所。」
During Dading, three Uighur traders named Yixilan came to the Southwest Pacification Commission and said: "We are of the Uighur Zoukuo tribe; our capital is called Gusi Woluduo. We keep no arms, live by farming, and pay a tenth of the harvest to our rulers. Elders say that when the Khitan first came they could not resist and submitted to them. Riding around the Khitan camp takes from dawn until noon. Recently the Khitan sent their son-in-law Abensi north with fifty thousand men against the Yebulian and other tribes; he failed and withdrew, and raids continue to this day." The court ruled: "They are not subjects of our border tribes and need not be sent home. Settle them among the Uighurs already at Xianping so they are not left destitute."
13
是歲，粘拔恩君長撒里雅寅特斯率康里部長孛古及戶三萬餘求內附，乞納前大石所降牌印，受朝廷牌印。 詔西南招討司遣人慰問，且觀其意。 禿里餘睹、通事阿魯帶至其國見撒里雅，具言願歸朝廷，乞降牌印，無他意也。 因曰：「往年大國嘗遣粘割韓奴自和州往使大石，既入其境，大石方適野，與韓奴相遇，問韓奴何人敢不下馬，韓奴曰：'我上國使也，奉天子之命來招汝降，汝當下馬聽詔。 '大石曰：'汝單使來，欲事口舌耶？ '使人捽下，使韓奴跪，韓奴罵曰：'反賊，天子不忍于爾加兵，遣招汝。 爾縱不能面縛請罪闕下，亦當盡敬天子之使，乃敢反加辱乎！ '大石怒，乃殺之。 此時大石林牙已死，子孫相繼，西方諸部仍以大石呼之。 '」余睹、阿魯帶還奏，並奏韓奴事。 世宗嘉韓奴忠節，贈昭毅大將軍，召其子永和縣商酒都監詳古、汝州巡檢婁室諭之曰：「汝父奉使萬里，不辱君命，能盡死節，朕甚閔之。」 詳古為尚輦局直長，遷武義將軍，婁室為武器署直長。
That year the Zhaba'en chief Saliyayintesi led Kangli chief Bugu and over thirty thousand households to submit, offering to hand back the seals Dashi had given them and receive imperial seals instead. The Southwest Pacification Commission was told to send envoys to welcome them and gauge their intentions. Tuli Yudu and interpreter Aludai visited Saliya and reported that they wished to submit to the court, sought to hand over their seals, and had no ulterior motive. They added: "Years ago the great state sent Zhange Hannu from Hezhou to Dashi. Hannu entered their land while Dashi was hunting. Dashi asked who he was to ride without dismounting. Hannu replied, 'I am an envoy of the Son of Heaven, sent to demand your surrender—you should dismount and hear the decree. Dashi said, "You come alone—do you think talk will suffice?" His men seized Hannu and forced him to his knees. Hannu cursed, "Traitor! The Son of Heaven spared you the sword and sent me to summon you." Even if you will not bind yourself and plead guilty at court, you should honor the Son of Heaven's envoy—how dare you insult him instead! Enraged, Dashi had him killed. By then the Great Liao prince Dashi was dead and his line had succeeded him, but the western tribes still spoke of him as Dashi. Yudu and Aludai returned and reported this, including Hannu's fate." Shizong honored Hannu's loyalty, posthumously made him Grand General of Bright Resolution, and summoned his sons Xianggu, wine superintendent at Yonghe, and Wushi, inspector at Ruzhou, saying, "Your father traveled ten thousand li on embassy, upheld his sovereign's charge, and died faithful to the end—I grieve for him deeply." Xianggu was made an attendant in the Imperial Carriage Office and promoted to General of Martial Righteousness; Wushi was appointed to the Weapons Office.
14
曹珪，徐州人。 大定四年，州人江志作亂，珪子弼在賊黨中，珪謀誅志，並弼殺之。 尚書省議，當補二官雜班敘。 詔曰：「圭赤心為國，大義滅親，自古罕聞也。 法雖如是，然未足以當其功，更進一官，正班用之。」
Cao Gui was from Xuzhou. In Dading 4 the townsman Jiang Zhi rose in revolt; Gui's son Bi was among the rebels. Gui plotted to kill Zhi and slew Bi along with him. The Secretariat proposed promoting him two ranks on the miscellaneous roster. An edict read, "Gui served the state with a loyal heart and sacrificed kin for righteousness—seldom seen in any age. The law would not suffice for his merit; promote him one further rank and appoint him on the regular roster."
15
溫蒂罕蒲睹
Wendihanpudu
16
溫蒂罕蒲睹，為兀者群牧使。 西北路契丹撒八等反，諸群牧皆應之。 蒲睹聞亂作，選家奴材勇者數十人，給以兵仗，陰為之備。 賊不得發，乃紿諸奴曰：「官閱兵器，願借兵仗以應閱。」 諸奴以為實然，遂借與之。 明旦，賊至，蒲睹無以禦之。 賊執蒲睹而問之曰：「今欲反未？」 蒲睹曰：「吾家世受國厚恩，子侄皆仕宦，不能從汝反而累吾族也。」 賊怒，臠而殺之，子與孫皆與害。
Wendihanpudu was superintendent of the Wuzhe herd pastures. When the Khitan Saba rebelled on the Northwest Route, every herd superintendent joined them. Hearing of the revolt, Pudu picked several dozen brave household slaves, armed them, and made secret preparations. The rebels could not strike, so he tricked the slaves: "Officials are inspecting arms—I need to borrow your weapons for the review." The slaves believed him and handed over their weapons. At dawn the rebels arrived, and Pudu had nothing with which to defend himself. They seized Pudu and asked, "Will you join the rebellion now?" Pudu replied, "My family has enjoyed the state's bounty for generations; my sons and nephews all serve in office. I cannot rebel with you and destroy my whole clan." Enraged, the rebels dismembered and killed him, and his sons and grandsons died as well.
17
是時，迪斡群牧使徒單賽里、副使赤盞胡失答，耶魯瓦群牧使鶴壽，歐里不群牧使完顏朮里骨、副使完顏辭不失，卜迪不部副使赤盞胡失賴，速木典颭詳穩加古買住，胡睹颭詳穩完顏速沒葛，轄木颭詳穩高彭祖等皆遇害。
At that time Diwo herd superintendent Tushan Saili and vice superintendent Chizan Hushida, Yeluwa superintendent Heshou, Oulibu superintendent Wanyan Zhuligu and vice superintendent Wanyan Cibushi, Budibu vice superintendent Chizan Hushilai, Sumudian xiangwen Jiagu Maizhu, Hudu xiangwen Wanyan Sumoge, Xiamu xiangwen Gao Pengzu, and others were all killed.
18
鶴壽，鄆王昂子，本名吾都不。 五院部人老和尚率眾來招鶴壽與俱反，鶴壽曰：「吾宗室子，受國厚恩，寧殺我，不能與賊俱反。」 遂與二子皆被殺。
Heshou was a son of Prince Yun of Yan; his original name was Wudubu. Laoheshang of the Five Courts led men to urge Heshou to rebel with them. Heshou said, "I am of the imperial clan and owe the state a great debt—kill me if you will, but I will not join rebels." He and his two sons were then slain.
19
訛里也
E Liye
20
訛里也，契丹人。 為尚廄局直長。 大定初，招諭契丹，窩斡叱令訛里也跪見，訛里也不從，謂曰：「我朝廷使也，豈可屈節於汝。 汝等早降可全性命，若大軍至，汝輩悔將何及。」 窩斡怒曰：「汝本契丹人，而不我從，敢出是言。」 遂害之。 從行驍騎軍士閏孫、史大、習馬小底頗答皆被害。 三年，贈訛里也宣武將軍，錄其子阿不沙為外帳小底。 閏孫、史大皆贈修武校尉。 頗答贈忠翊校尉。
E Liye was a Khitan. He served as a direct attendant in the Imperial Stables Office. Early in Dading, during pacification of the Khitan, Wowo ordered E Liye to kneel before him. E Liye refused: "I am a court envoy—how can I bow to you? Surrender now and you may live; when the imperial army comes, regret will be too late." Wowo raged: "You are a Khitan yourself, yet you refuse to follow me—how dare you say such things!" He had him killed. The elite cavalrymen Runsun and Shi Da and the horse-handler Poda who accompanied him were all killed. In year three E Liye was posthumously made General of Manifest Martiality and his son Abusha was appointed an outer-account attendant. Runsun and Shi Da were both posthumously made Rectifier of Martiality commandants. Poda was posthumously made Loyal Assistant commandant.
21
納蘭綽赤
Nalan Chaochi
22
納蘭綽赤，咸平路伊改河猛安人。 契丹括里使人招之，綽赤不從。 括里兵且至，綽赤遂團結旁近村寨為兵，出家馬百餘匹給之，教以戰陣擊刺之法，相與拒括里于伊改渡口，由是賊眾月餘不得進。 既而括里兵四萬人大至，綽赤拒戰，賊兵十倍，遂見執，臠而殺之。 詔贈官兩階，二子皆得用廕。
Nalan Chaochi was from the Yigai River military colony in Xianping circuit. The Khitan leader Kuoli sent envoys to recruit him, but Chaochi refused. As Kuoli's army approached, Chaochi rallied neighboring villages, supplied more than a hundred household horses, trained them in formation and spear work, and held the Yigai ford against Kuoli for over a month. When Kuoli arrived with forty thousand men, Chaochi fought on though outnumbered ten to one, was captured, and dismembered. He was posthumously promoted two ranks, and both sons received hereditary appointment.
23
魏全，壽州人。 泰和六年，宋李爽圍壽州，刺史徒單羲盡籍城中兵民及部曲廝役得三千餘人，隨機拒守堅甚。 羲善撫禦，得眾情，雖婦人皆樂為用。 同知蒲烈古中流矢卒，羲益勵不衰，募人往斫爽營，全在選中，為爽兵所執。 爽謂全曰：「若為我罵金主，免若死。」 全至城下，反罵宋主，爽乃殺之，至死罵不絕口。
Wei Quan was from Shouzhou. In Taihe 6 the Song general Li Shuang besieged Shouzhou. Prefect Tushan Yi enrolled every soldier, civilian, retainer, and servant in the city—more than three thousand in all—and mounted a stubborn, resourceful defense. Yi won the people's loyalty through firm but humane leadership; even the women were eager to help. When vice commissioner Puliegu fell to an arrow, Yi only fought harder. He recruited men to raid Shuang's camp; Quan was chosen and captured by Song troops. Shuang told Quan, "Curse the Jin emperor for me and I will spare you." At the wall Quan cursed the Song emperor instead; Shuang killed him, but Quan railed without stopping until he died.
24
僕散揆遣河南統軍判官乞住及買哥等以騎二千人救壽州，去壽州十餘里與爽兵遇，乞住分兩翼夾擊爽兵，大破之，斬首萬餘級，追奔至城下，拔其三柵，焚其浮梁。 羲出兵應之，爽兵大潰，赴淮死者甚眾。 爽與其副田林僅脫身去，餘兵脫者十之四。 詔遷羲防禦使、乞住同知昌武軍節度使事、買哥河南路統軍判官。
Pusan Huai sent Henan commander judge Qizhu and Maige with two thousand cavalry to relieve Shouzhou. Ten li out they met Shuang's force; Qizhu split his wings and crushed them, taking more than ten thousand heads, driving them to the walls, capturing three stockades, and burning their pontoon bridge. Yi sallied out to join the attack; Shuang's army broke and many drowned in the Huai. Shuang and his deputy Tian Lin barely escaped; only four tenths of their men survived. Yi was made defense commissioner, Qizhu vice commissioner of Changwu, and Maige judge on the Henan command staff.
25
贈蒲烈古昭勇大將軍，官其子圖剌。
Puliegu was posthumously made Grand General of Manifest Valor and his son Tula was given an appointment.
26
贈全宣武將軍、蒙城縣令，封其妻為鄉君，賜在州官舍三間、錢百萬，俟其子年至十五歲收充八貫石正班局分承應，用所贈官廕，仍以全死節送史館，鏤版頒諭天下。
Quan was posthumously made General of Manifest Martiality and magistrate of Mengcheng; his wife was made a district lady; three official rooms in the prefecture and a million cash were granted; at fifteen his son would enter service on the regular roster using Quan's posthumous rank; Quan's death for the state was recorded in the Historiography Office and proclaimed nationwide on engraved placards.
27
執中死，詔削官爵。 詔曰：「宣武將軍、護衛十人長完顏石古乃，修武校尉、符寶祗候鄯陽，忠孝勇果，沒于王事。 石古乃贈鎮國上將軍、順州刺史，鄯陽贈宣武將軍、順天軍節度副使。 嘗從拒戰猛安賞錢五百貫、謀克三百貫、蒲輦散軍二百貫，各遷兩階。 戰沒者，贈賞付其家。 石古乃子尚幼，以八貫石俸給之，俟年十五以聞。
After Zhizhong's death his titles were revoked by edict. An edict read: "General of Manifest Martiality and guards captain Wanyan Shigu'nai, and Rectifier of Martiality commandant and talisman attendant Shanyang—loyal, filial, brave, and steadfast—died in the emperor's service. Shigu'nai was posthumously made General Who Stabilizes the State and prefect of Shunzhou; Shanyang was made General of Manifest Martiality and vice commissioner of Shuntian. Those who had fought in the defense were rewarded—colonels five hundred strings, commanders three hundred, irregulars two hundred—and each was promoted two ranks. Posthumous rewards were paid to the families of those killed in battle. Shigu'nai's son was still young and was given an Eight-Guan-Shi stipend until he turned fifteen, when the court would be notified.
28
夾穀守中
Jiagu Shouzhong
29
夾穀守中，咸平人，本名阿土古。 大定二十二年進士，曆清池、聞喜主簿，補尚書省令史，除刑部主事、監察禦史、修起居注。 轉禮部員外郎、大名治中，曆嵩琢、北京、臨洮路按察副使。 以憂去官，起複同知曷懶路兵馬都總管府事，坐事謫韓州刺史，尋複同知平涼府事。 大安二年，為秦州防禦使，遷通遠軍節度使。 至寧末，移彰化軍，未行，夏兵數萬入鞏州。 守中乘城備守，兵少不能支，城陷，官吏盡降，守中獨不屈。 夏人壯之，且誘且脅，守中益堅，遂載而西。 至平涼，要以招降府人，守中佯許，至城下即大呼曰：「外兵矢盡且遁矣，慎勿降。」 夏人交刃殺之。
Jiagu Shouzhong was from Xianping; his original name was Atugu. He passed the jinshi examination in Dading 22, served as registrar at Qingchi and Wenxi, became a Secretariat clerk, and was appointed principal clerk in the Ministry of Justice, investigating censor, and compiler of the imperial diary. He became vice director of the Ministry of Rites and administrator of Daming, then served as vice surveillance commissioner on the Songzhuo, Bejing, and Lintao circuits. He resigned for mourning, returned as vice commissioner of the Yilan military command, was demoted to prefect of Hanzhou for an offense, and soon restored as vice commissioner of Pingliang. In Da'an 2 he was defense commissioner of Qinzhou, then military commissioner of Tongyuan. Late in Zhi'ning he was ordered to Zhanghua but had not yet left when tens of thousands of Xia troops invaded Gongzhou. Shouzhong defended the walls, but his few troops could not hold; the city fell and every official surrendered except Shouzhong. The Xia admired his spirit and tried both persuasion and threats; Shouzhong only grew more resolute, and they carried him west. At Pingliang they forced him to induce the city to surrender. He feigned agreement, but at the wall he shouted, "The enemy are out of arrows and fleeing—do not surrender!" The Xia cut him down with their blades.
30
石抹元毅
Shimo Yuanyi
31
石抹元毅，本名神思，咸平府路酌赤烈猛安莎果歌仙謀克人也。 以廕補吏部令史。 再調景州寧津令，有劇盜白晝恣劫為民害，元毅以術防捍，賊散去。 入為大理知法，除同知亳州防禦使事，被省檄，錄陝右五路刑獄，無冤人。 複委受宋歲幣，故事有私遺物，元毅一無所受。 明昌初，驛召為大名等路提刑判官，以最遷汾陽軍節度副使。 時石、嵐間賊黨嘯聚，肆行剽掠，朝廷命元毅捕之，賊畏而遁。 元毅追襲，盡殪之，二境以安。 遷同知武勝軍節度使事，別郡有殺人者，屢鞫不伏，元毅訊不數語，即具服。 河東北路田多山阪磽瘠，大比時定為上賦，民力久困，朝廷命相地更賦，元毅以三壤法平之，民賴其利。 改彰德府治中，尋以邊警授撫州刺史。 會邊將失守，芻糧馬牛焚剽殆盡，元毅率吏卒三十餘人出州經畫軍餉，卒與敵遇。 州倅暨從吏堅請還，元毅曰：「我輩責任邊守，遇敵而奔，其如百姓何？ 縱得自安，複何面目見朝廷乎！」 遂執弓矢令眾。 眾感其忠，爭為效死。 元毅力戰，射無不中。 敵去而複合，元毅氣愈厲，鏖戰久之，眾寡不敵，遂遇害，時年四十七。 事聞，上深驚悼，贈信武將軍，召用其子世勣侍儀司承應。
Shimo Yuanyi, born Shensi, was from the Shaguogexian mouke of the Zhuochilie colony on the Xianping circuit. He entered service by hereditary privilege as a clerk in the Ministry of Personnel. Reassigned as magistrate of Ningjin in Jingzhou, he drove off daylight bandits who had been terrorizing the people by shrewd defensive measures. He became a legal specialist at the Court of Judicial Review, then vice commissioner of Bozhou defense; commissioned to review criminal cases in the five western Shaanxi circuits, he found no wrongful convictions. He was again assigned to receive the Song annual tribute; though custom allowed private gifts, he accepted nothing. Early in Mingchang he was summoned by courier as criminal judge on the Daming circuit and, for outstanding service, made vice commissioner of Fenyang. Bandits were raiding between Shi and Lan; ordered to suppress them, Yuanyi frightened them into flight. He pursued and destroyed them, pacifying both districts. Made vice commissioner of Wusheng, he took over a murder case another prefecture had failed to break; after a few questions the killer confessed fully. Much land on the Hedong North circuit was barren hills rated top-grade at the great survey, crushing the people. Ordered to reassess taxes by soil quality, Yuanyi applied the three-grade method and the people prospered. He became administrator of Zhangde, then prefect of Fuzhou when border alarms arose. When frontier commanders failed, fodder and livestock were burned or looted almost to nothing; Yuanyi led thirty-odd clerks and soldiers out to gather supplies and ran into the enemy. The vice prefect and his men begged to retreat. Yuanyi said, "We are charged with guarding the border—if we flee, what becomes of the people? Even if we saved ourselves, how could we face the court again!" He seized his bow and took command. Moved by his loyalty, they vied to fight to the death. Yuanyi fought fiercely and never missed his mark. The enemy withdrew and returned; Yuanyi fought on with growing fury until, overwhelmed by numbers, he was killed at forty-seven. The emperor was deeply grieved; Yuanyi was posthumously made Trustworthy Martial General and his son Shiji was appointed an attendant in the Ceremonial Service.
32
世勣後登進士第，奏名之日，上謂宰臣曰：「此神思子耶。」 歎賞者久之。 元毅性沈厚，武勇過人，每讀書見古人忠義事，未嘗不嗟歎賞慕，喜動顏色，故臨難能死所事雲。
Shiji later passed the jinshi examination; when his name was announced the emperor asked the chief ministers, "Is this Shensi's son?" He sighed in admiration for a long time. Yuanyi was grave and steady, surpassingly brave; reading of ancient loyalty and righteousness always moved him to sighs and brightened his face—so when crisis came he could die for his duty.
33
伯德梅和尚
Bodemeiheshang
34
伯德梅和尚，泰州人也。 性鯁直，尚氣節。 正隆五年，收充護衛，授曷魯碗群牧副使。 未幾，複召為護衛十人長，改尚廄局副使，遷本局使，轉右衛將軍拱衛使。 典尚廄者十餘年，積勞特遷官二階，除複州刺史。 明昌初，為西北路副招討，收泰州防禦使，升武勝軍節度使。 六年，移鎮崇義軍。 時有事北邊，左丞相夾谷清臣行省於臨潢，檄為副統。 會敵入臨潢，梅和尚暨護衛辟合土等領軍逆擊之。 敵積陣以待，梅和尚直搗其陣，殺傷甚眾。 敵知孤軍無繼，聚兵圍之。 度不能免，乃下馬相背射，複殺百餘人，矢盡猶以弓提擊，為流矢所中死，辟合土等皆沒。
Bodemeiheshang was from Taizhou. He was upright and unyielding and prized honor. In Zhenglong 5 he joined the guards and was made vice superintendent of the Heluwan pastures. Soon he was recalled as ten-man guards captain, made vice commissioner then commissioner of the Imperial Stables, and promoted to right guard general and palace guard commissioner. After more than ten years overseeing the imperial stables, he was specially promoted two ranks and made prefect of Fuzhou. Early in Mingchang he was vice pacification commissioner on the Northwest Route, then defense commissioner of Taizhou, and was promoted to military commissioner of Wusheng. In year six he was transferred to command Chongyi Army. When trouble broke out on the northern frontier, left chancellor Jiagu Qingchen took provincial command at Linhuang and appointed him deputy commander. When the enemy entered Linhuang, Meiheshang and the guardsman Bihetu led a counterattack. The enemy formed deep ranks to receive them; Meiheshang charged straight in and inflicted heavy casualties. Seeing they were isolated without reinforcements, the enemy massed and surrounded them. Seeing no escape, they dismounted and fought back to back, killing another hundred; when their arrows ran out they clubbed with their bows until Meiheshang fell to a stray shaft; Bihetu and the rest perished with him.
35
上聞之震悼，詔贈龍虎衛上將軍，躐遷十階，特賜錢二十萬，命以禮葬之，特皆官給，以其子都奴為軍前猛安，中奴護喪，就差權同知臨潢府事李達可為敕祭使，同知德昌軍節度使事石抹和尚為敕葬使。 承安五年，上諭尚書省曰：「梅和尚死王事，其子都奴從軍久有功，其議所以酬之。」 乃命為典署丞。
Deeply grieved, the emperor posthumously made him Tiger-Dragon Guard general, skipped ten ranks, granted two hundred thousand cash, and ordered a state funeral; his son Dounu was made a front-line colony chief, Zhongnu escorted the bier, Li Dake of Linhuang was named sacrifice commissioner, and Shimo Heshang of Dechang burial commissioner. In Cheng'an 5 the emperor told the Secretariat, "Meiheshang died for the state; his son Dounu has served long with merit—decide how to reward him." He was appointed director of the palace records office.
36
烏古孫兀屯
Wugusunwutun
37
烏古孫兀屯，上京路人。 大定末，襲猛安。 明昌七年，以本兵充萬戶，備邊有功，除歸德軍節度副使，改盤安軍，察廉，遷同知速頻路節度使事。 以憂去官，起複歸德府治中，遷唐州刺史。 泰和六年四月，宋皇甫斌步騎萬人侵唐州，兀屯兵甚少，遣泌陽尉白散不、巡檢蒲閑各以五十人乘城拒守。 兀屯見宋兵在城東北者可破，令軍事判官撒虎帶以精兵百人自西門出，繞出東北宋兵營後掩擊之，殺數十百人，宋兵大亂，迨夜乃遁去。 五月，皇甫斌複以兵數萬來攻，行省遣泌陽副巡檢納合軍勝救唐州。 兀屯出兵與軍勝合兵城東北，設伏兵以待之。 乃分騎兵為三，一出一入以致宋兵。 宋兵陷於淖，伏兵發，中沖宋兵為二，遂大潰。 追奔至湖陽，斬首萬餘級，獲馬三百匹。 宋別將以兵三千來襲，遇之竹林寺，殪之。 納合軍勝手殺宋將，取其金帶印章以獻。 詔遷兀屯同知河南府事，軍勝遷梁縣令，各進兩階。 兀屯賞銀三百五十兩、重彩十端，為右副元帥完顏匡右翼都統。 匡取棗陽，遣元屯襲神馬坡，宋兵五萬人夾水陣，以強弩拒岸，兀屯分兵奪其三橋，自辰至午連拔十三柵，遂取神馬坡。 從攻襄，至漢江，兀屯亂流徑度。 複進一階，號平南虎威將軍。 宋人請和，遷河南副統軍。 大安初，遷昌武軍節度使，副統軍如故。 遷西南路招討使。 兀屯禦下嚴酷，軍士多亡，杖六十。 除同知上京留守事。 大安三年，將兵二萬入衛中都，遷元帥右都監、轉左都監，兼北京留守。 有功，賜金吐鶻、重彩十端。 遷元帥左監軍，留守如故。 貞祐元年閏月，以兵入衛中都，詔以兵萬六千人守定興，軍敗，兀屯戰沒。
Wugusunwutun was from the Shangjing circuit. Late in Dading he inherited a military colony. In Mingchang 7 he led his own troops as ten-thousand-household commander, distinguished himself on the frontier, became vice commissioner of Guide, then Pan'an, passed an integrity review, and was made vice commissioner on the Supin circuit. He resigned to observe mourning, was recalled to serve as administrative aide of Guide Prefecture, and was then appointed Prefect of Tangzhou. In the fourth month of Taihe 6, the Song commander Huangfu Bin marched on Tangzhou with ten thousand foot and horse. Wutu's force was tiny; he sent the Miyang magistrate Bai Sanbu and the inspector Pu Xian, each with fifty men, to man the walls and resist. Seeing that the Song force northeast of the city could be broken, Wutu ordered his military aide Sagudai to lead a hundred elite troops out the west gate, swing around behind the Song camp to the northeast, and fall upon them. Dozens upon dozens were killed; the Song ranks collapsed in chaos and only fled under cover of night. In the fifth month Huangfu Bin returned with an army tens of thousands strong. The Branch Secretariat dispatched the Miyang deputy inspector Nahe Junsheng to rescue Tangzhou. Wutu marched out and united with Junsheng northeast of the city, laying ambushes to receive the enemy. He then split his cavalry into three bands, sending them out and in by turns to draw the Song army on. The Song soldiers mired in the bog; the hidden troops rose at once, drove through their center and split the army in two, and a total rout followed. The pursuit ran to Huyang, where more than ten thousand heads were taken and three hundred horses captured. A Song deputy commander struck with three thousand men; they met him at Zhulin Temple and wiped his force out. Nahe Junsheng slew the Song commander with his own hand, seized his gold belt and seal, and presented them as trophies. By imperial order Wutu was made Deputy Commissioner of Henan Prefecture and Junsheng Magistrate of Liang County; both were advanced two ranks. Wutu received three hundred fifty taels of silver and ten bolts of fine brocade, and served as Right Wing Commander on the staff of the Right Deputy Marshal Wanyan Kuang. When Kuang captured Zaoyang he sent Wutu against Shenmapo. Fifty thousand Song soldiers formed their line across the water, strong crossbows bristling along the shore. Wutu divided his men, seized all three bridges, and from morning through midday stormed thirteen stockades in a row until Shenmapo fell. He took part in the assault on Xiangyang, and when the army reached the Han River Wutu plunged straight across the racing current. He was promoted one rank further and ennobled as General Who Pacifies the South with Tiger Might. After the Song sued for peace he was appointed Deputy Commander-in-Chief of Henan. In the early Da'an era he became Military Commissioner of the Changwu Army, keeping his rank as Deputy Commander-in-Chief. He was then made Pacification Commissioner of the Southwest Circuit. Wutu ruled his men with brutal severity; so many soldiers deserted that he was sentenced to sixty strokes of the rod. He was appointed Deputy Commissioner of the Shangjing Garrison. In Da'an 3 he marched twenty thousand men to the defense of the Central Capital, rose to Right Director of the Marshalate, then to Left Director, and at the same time held the post of Garrison Commissioner of the Northern Capital. For distinguished service he received a golden touhu ornament and ten bolts of fine brocade. He was promoted to Left Overseer of the Marshalate while continuing as garrison commissioner. In the intercalary month of Zhenyou 1 he marched to the defense of the Central Capital and was ordered to hold Dingxing with sixteen thousand men. The army was broken and Wutu fell in battle.
38
高守約
Gao Shouyue
39
高守約，字從簡，遼陽人。 大定二十八年進士，累官觀州刺史。 大元兵徇地河朔，郭邦獻已歸順，從至城下，呼守約曰：「從簡當計全家室。」 守約弗顧，至再三，寧約厲聲曰：「吾不汝識也。」 城破被執，使之跪，守約不屈，遂死。 詔贈崇義軍節度使，諡忠敬。
Gao Shouyue, styled Congjian, came from Liaoyang. He passed the jinshi examination in Dading 28 and rose through successive posts until he became Prefect of Guanzhou. When the armies of the Great Yuan swept through Hebei, Guo Bangxian, who had already gone over to them, came with the besiegers to the foot of the wall and shouted to Shouyue, "Congjian—think of your family's lives." Shouyue ignored him. When the appeal was pressed again and again, he answered in a harsh voice, "I do not know you." When the city fell he was taken prisoner. They forced him to his knees, but Shouyue would not yield, and so he was put to death. An edict posthumously enfeoffed him as Military Commissioner of the Chongyi Army and honored him with the posthumous name Zhongjing, "Loyal and Reverent."
40
和速嘉安禮
Hesujia Anli
41
和速嘉安禮，字子敬，本名酌，大名路人。 穎悟博學，淹貫經史。 大定二十八年進士。 至寧末，為泰安州刺史。 貞祐初，山東被兵，郡縣望風而遁，或勸安禮去之，安禮曰：「我去，城誰與守，且避難負國家之恩乎？」 乃團練繕完，為禦守計。 已而大元兵至，戰旬日不能下，謂之曰：「此孤城耳，內無糧儲，外無兵援，不降無遺類矣。」 安禮不聽。 城破被執，初不識其為誰，或妄以酒監對，安禮曰：「我刺史也，何以諱為？」 使之跪，安禮不屈，遂以戈撞其胸而殺之。 詔贈泰定軍節度使，諡堅貞。
Hesujia Anli, styled Zijing, whose original name was Zhuo, came from Daming. Quick of mind and wide in learning, he had mastered the full span of the classics and histories. He received his jinshi degree in Dading 28. At the close of the Zhiqing reign he served as Prefect of Tai'an. When Zhenyou opened, war swept Shandong; prefectures and counties broke and ran at the mere rumor of the enemy. Some urged Anli to withdraw, but he said, "If I go, who will guard this city? And how could I flee for safety without betraying the debt I owe the state?" He then drilled the militia, repaired the defenses, and prepared the city to stand a siege. Soon the Great Yuan forces arrived. Ten days of fighting failed to bring the walls down, and they told him, "This is a lone city—no stores within, no help without. Surrender, or not one life will remain." Anli refused to heed them. When the city fell he was taken. At first his captors did not know who he was; some tried to pass themselves off as the wine inspector. Anli said, "I am the prefect—why should I hide who I am?" They ordered him to kneel, but Anli would not bow. They ran a halberd through his chest and killed him. An edict posthumously made him Military Commissioner of the Taiding Army and gave him the posthumous name Jianzhen, "Steadfast and Upright."
42
王維翰
Wang Weihan
43
王維翰，字之翰，利州龍山人。 父庭，遼季率縣人保縣東山，後以眾降。 維翰好學不倦，中大定二十八年進士。 調貴德州軍事判官，察廉遷永霸令。 縣豪欲嘗試維翰，設事陳訴，維翰窮竟之，遂伏其詐，杖殺之，健訟衰息。 曆弘政、獲嘉令，佐胥持國治河決，有勞，遷一階。 改北京轉運戶籍判官，補尚書省令史。 除同知保靜軍節度使事，檢括戶籍，一郡稱平。 屬縣有奴殺其主人者，誣主人弟殺之，刑部疑之。 維翰審讞，乃微行物色之，得其狀，奴遂引服。 改中都轉運副使，攝侍御史，奏事殿中，章宗曰：「佳禦史。」 就除侍御史。 改左司員外郎，轉右司朗中。 僕散揆伐宋，維翰行省左右司郎中。 泰和七年，河南旱蝗，詔維翰體究田禾分數以聞。 七月，雨，複詔維翰曰：「雨雖沾足，秋種過時，使多種蔬菜猶愈於荒萊也。 蝗蝻遺子，如何可絕？」 舊有蝗處來歲宜菽麥，諭百姓使知之。」
Wang Weihan, styled Zhihan, came from Longshan in Lizhou. His father Ting, in the closing years of the Liao, rallied the county and held Dongshan; he later submitted with his men. Weihan was an indefatigable scholar and passed the jinshi examination in Dading 28. He began as military aide of Guide Prefecture and, after a merit review for integrity, was promoted to magistrate of Yongba. A county strongman sought to test Weihan's mettle and manufactured a lawsuit. Weihan pursued the matter to its root, exposed the fraud, and had the man beaten to death; thereafter the fever of vexatious litigation cooled. He served as magistrate of Hongzheng and Huojia in turn, aided Xu Chiguo in repairing a river breach, and was promoted one rank for his efforts. He became household-registration aide on the Beijing Transport Commission and was then appointed a clerk in the Secretariat. As Deputy Military Commissioner of the Baojing Army he audited the household registers, and the entire commandery came to be known as fairly governed. In one subordinate county a slave murdered his master and tried to frame the master's younger brother for the deed; the Ministry of Justice found the case doubtful. Weihan heard the case, then went about in plain dress to gather evidence; once the truth was found, the slave confessed. He became Deputy Transport Commissioner of the Central Capital and served as acting Censor. When he presented a memorial in court, Emperor Zhangzong remarked, "A fine censor." He was thereupon confirmed as Censor. He was made Assistant Director of the Left Department and then Director of the Right Department. During Pusan Kui's campaign against Song, Weihan served on the Branch Secretariat as Director of the Left and Right Departments. In Taihe 7 drought and locusts struck Henan; the throne ordered Weihan to survey field and crop losses in detail and report back. When rain came in the seventh month, a further edict told Weihan, "Though the rains have finally soaked the earth, the season for autumn grain is already gone—better to have the people sow vegetables widely than leave the fields to lie fallow. Locust nymphs leave broods behind—how can they be wiped out altogether?" Where locusts have been, beans and wheat should be sown the following year—make this known to the people."
44
八年，宋人受盟，還為右司郎中，進官一階。 上問：「宋人請和複能背盟否？」 維翰對曰：「宋主怠于政事，南兵佻弱，兩淮兵後千里蕭條，其臣懲韓侂胄、蘇師旦，無複敢執其咎者，不足憂也。 唯北方當勞聖慮耳。」 久之，遷大理卿、兼潞王傅，同知審官院事。 新格，教坊樂工階至四品，換文武正資，服金紫。 維翰奏：「伶優賤工，衣縉紳之服，非所以尊朝廷也。」 從之。 大安初，權右諫議大夫，三司欲稅間架，維翰諫不聽。 轉禦史中丞，無何，遷工部尚書、兼大理卿，改刑部尚書，拜參知政事。
In the eighth year, after the Song accepted the peace treaty, he resumed his post as Director of the Right Department and was advanced one rank. The emperor asked, "The Song have sued for peace—might they break the treaty again?" Weihan answered, "The Song emperor neglects his duties; southern armies are light and weak; a thousand li of the Two Huai country lies wasted after the war; and his courtiers, still smarting from Han Tuozhou and Su Shidan, will not again dare court such disaster. They are no cause for concern. It is the north alone that should weigh upon Your Majesty's mind." In time he rose to Chief Justice, became Tutor to the Prince of Lu, and served as Deputy Director of the Office of Personnel Evaluation. New regulations allowed Entertainment Bureau musicians who reached the fourth rank to exchange into regular civil and military grades and wear gold and purple robes. Weihan submitted a memorial: "For actors and base artisans to dress as court officials is no way to uphold the dignity of the throne." The throne agreed. Early in the Da'an era, while serving as Acting Right Remonstrance Grandee, he opposed the Three Departments' plan to impose a building-frame tax; his remonstrance went unheeded. He became Censor-in-Chief, and soon afterward Minister of Works and Chief Justice, then Minister of Justice, and finally Vice Grand Councillor.
45
貞祐初，罷為定海軍節度使。 是時，道路不通，維翰舟行遇盜，呼謂之曰：「爾輩本良民，因亂至此，財物不惜，勿恐吾家。」 盜感其言而去。 至鎮，無兵備，鄰郡皆望風奔潰，維翰謂吏民曰：「孤城不可守。 此州阻山浮海，當有生地，無俱為魚肉也。」 乃縱百姓避難。 維翰率吏民願從者奔東北山，結營堡自守，力窮被執不肯降。 妻姚氏亦不肯屈，與維翰俱死。 詔贈中奉大夫，姚氏芮國夫人，諡貞潔。
At the opening of Zhenyou he was removed from the council and appointed Military Commissioner of the Dinghai Army. The roads were cut off, and traveling by boat Weihan fell in with bandits. He called out to them, "You were honest folk once, driven to this by disorder. Take what you will—I do not begrudge my goods, and do not fear that I will bring harm upon your families." Touched by his words, the bandits went away. On reaching his command he found no forces to defend it; neighboring prefectures had already broken and run at rumor of the enemy. Weihan told officials and commoners alike, "This lone city cannot be held. Mountains hem this prefecture in on one side and the sea lies open on the other—there must be paths to safety. Let us not all be butchered together." He then allowed the people to disperse and seek refuge. Weihan led those officials and people willing to follow him into the northeastern hills, built a fortified camp, and held out until, spent and captured, he still refused to submit. His wife, Lady Yao, likewise refused to yield and died with him. An edict posthumously enfeoffed him as Zhongfeng Daifu, created Lady Yao Lady of Ruiguo, and honored him with the posthumous name Zhenjie, "Chaste and Pure."
46
移剌古與涅
Yilaguyunie
47
移剌古與涅，安化軍節度使。 貞祐初，大元年兵取密州，古與涅率兵力戰，流矢連中其頸，既拔去複中其頰，死焉。 貞祐三年，詔贈安遠大將軍、知益都府事。
Yilaguyunie was Military Commissioner of the Anhua Army. In early Zhenyou, when the Great Yuan forces seized Mizhou, Guyunie led his men in fierce resistance. Stray arrows pierced his neck one after another; even after they were drawn out, another struck his cheek, and he fell dead. In Zhenyou 3 an edict posthumously made him General Who Pacifies the Distant and Administrator of Yizhou Prefecture.
48
宋扆，中都宛平人也。 正隆五年進士。 曆辰州、寧化州軍事判官，曹王府記室參軍。 陝西西路轉運都勾判官。 補尚書省令史，除武定軍節度副使、中都右警巡使。 時固安縣丞劉昭與部民裴原爭買鄰田，扆用昭屬，抑原使毋爭。 禦史台劾奏，奪一官，解職，降廣寧府推官。 改遼東路鹽使。 丁父憂，起複吏部員外郎，曆薊、曹、景州刺史，同知中都路轉運使事，遷北京、臨潢等路按察使。 改安國軍節度使、河東南路轉運使。 禦史劾其前任按察侵民舍不稱職，降沂州防禦使，移浚州，遷山東西路轉運使，改定海軍節度使。 貞祐二年，改沁南軍，正月，大元兵至懷州，城破死焉。 扆天資刻酷，所至不容物，以是蹭蹬於世雲。
Song Yi came from Wanping in the Central Capital. He received his jinshi degree in Zhenglong 5. He served in turn as military aide of Chenzhou and Ninghuazhou and as secretary in the household of the Prince of Cao. He became chief auditor of the Shaanxi West Circuit Transport Commission. He entered the Secretariat as a clerk, then was made Deputy Military Commissioner of the Wuding Army and Right Patrol Inspector of the Central Capital. When the Gu'an county assistant Liu Zhao and a local man named Pei Yuan bid against each other for neighboring land, Yi sided with Zhao's party and forced Yuan to withdraw his claim. The Censorate impeached him; he lost one rank, was dismissed from office, and was demoted to judicial officer of Guangning Prefecture. He was reassigned as Salt Commissioner of the Liaodong Circuit. After mourning his father he was recalled to serve as Vice Director of the Ministry of Personnel, held successive prefectures at Ji, Cao, and Jing, became Deputy Transport Commissioner of the Central Capital Circuit, and rose to Surveillance Commissioner over Beijing, Linhuang, and neighboring circuits. He was then made Military Commissioner of the Anguo Army and Transport Commissioner of the Hedong South Circuit. Censors charged that in his earlier surveillance post he had seized private homes and failed in his duties; he was reduced to Defender of Yizhou, moved to Xunzhou, later made Transport Commissioner of the Shandong East-West Circuit, and finally Military Commissioner of the Dinghai Army. In Zhenyou 2 he was transferred to the Qinnan Army; in the first month, when the Great Yuan forces reached Huaizhou, the city fell and he perished there. Yi was harsh and unforgiving by nature and brooked no dissent wherever he served; it is said that for this his career never prospered.
49
烏古論榮祖
Wugulunrongzu
50
烏古論榮祖，本名福興，河間人。 明昌二年進士，曆官補尚書省令史，除都轉運司都勾判官，轉弘文校理，升中都總管府判官，察廉除震武軍節度副使、彰德府司馬，累遷戶部員外郎、甯海州刺史。 貞祐二年城破，榮祖猶力戰，死之。 贈安武軍節度使，賜諡毅勇。
Wugulunrongzu, whose original name was Fuxing, came from Hejian. He received his jinshi degree in Mingchang 2 and rose through a succession of posts: supplemental Secretariat clerk, chief auditor of the Transport Commission, Hongwen Academy collator, and judge of the Central Capital Chief Administrator's office. After an integrity inspection he was appointed Deputy Military Commissioner of the Zhenwu Army and Administrator of Zhangde Prefecture, and eventually became Vice Director of the Ministry of Revenue and Prefect of Ninghai. In Zhenyou 2, when the city fell, Rongzu fought on to the last and was killed. He was posthumously enfeoffed as Military Commissioner of the Anwu Army and honored with the posthumous name Yiyong, "Resolute and Brave."
51
烏古論仲溫
Wugulunzhongwen
52
烏古論仲溫，本名胡剌，蓋州按春猛安人。 大定二十五年進士，累官太學助教、應奉翰林文字、河東路提刑判官，改河北東路轉運副使。 禦史薦前任提刑稱職，遷同知順天軍節度使事，簽上京、東京等路按察司事，改提舉肇州漕運、兼同知武興軍節度使事、東勝州刺史。 坐前在上京不稱職，降鎮寧軍節度副使。 改滑州刺史、河東南路按察副使、壽州防禦使。 貞祐初，遷鎮西軍節度使。 是時，中都被圍，遂至太原，移書安撫使賈益謙，約以鄉兵救中都。 因馳驛如平陽，將與益謙會於絳，不能進，抵平陽而還。 仲溫嘗治平陽，吏民爭留之，仲溫曰：「平陽巨鎮，易為守禦，于私計得矣，如嵐州何。」 遂還鎮。 已而大元兵大至，城破，不屈而死。 贈資德大夫、婆速路兵馬都總管，諡忠毅，歲時致祭。
Wugulunzhongwen, whose original name was Hula, came from the Anchun military colony in Gaizhou. He received his jinshi degree in Dading 25 and served in turn as Grand Academy assistant instructor, Hanlin drafting official, and judicial aide on the Hedong Circuit before becoming Deputy Transport Commissioner of the Hebei East Circuit. Censors commended his record as a former judicial commissioner, and he was promoted to Vice Commissioner of the Shuntian Army and registrar for the Shangjing and Tokyo circuit surveillance commissions. He was then made Commissioner of Zhaozhou grain transport, concurrently Vice Commissioner of the Wuxing Army and Prefect of Dongsheng. Because he had performed poorly at Shangjing, he was reduced to Deputy Military Commissioner of the Zhenning Army. He was reassigned as Prefect of Huazhou, Deputy Surveillance Commissioner of the Hedong South Circuit, and Defender of Shouzhou. In early Zhenyou he was made Military Commissioner of the Zhenxi Army. The Central Capital was then under siege. Zhongwen went to Taiyuan and wrote to Pacification Commissioner Jia Yiqian, proposing to raise local militia for its relief. He galloped by post relay to Pingyang, intending to join Yiqian at Jiang, but could not get through. He reached Pingyang and turned back. Zhongwen had once governed Pingyang, and officials and commoners alike begged him to stay. He said, "Pingyang is a great stronghold, easy to hold—for my own sake that would be well enough. But what of Lanzhou?" And so he returned to his post. Before long the Great Yuan forces arrived in overwhelming strength. The city fell, and he died rather than submit. He was posthumously enfeoffed as Zide Dafu and Overall Commander of Basu Circuit forces, honored with the posthumous name Zhongyi, "Loyal and Resolute," and granted seasonal sacrifices.
53
九住，宗室子，為武州刺史，唐括孛果速為軍事判官。 貞祐二年十一月，大元兵取九住子侄抵城下，謂之曰：「山東、河北今皆降我，汝之家屬我亦得已，苟不速降，且殺之也。」 九住曰：「當以死報國，遑恤家為。」 無何，城破，力戰而死，孛果速亦不屈死焉。 詔贈九住臨海軍節度使，加驃騎衛上將軍。 孛果速建州刺史，加鎮國上將軍。 仍令樹碑，歲時致祭。
Jiu Zhu, a member of the imperial clan, served as Prefect of Wuzhou, with Tangguo Boguosu as his military aide. In the eleventh month of Zhenyou 2, the Great Yuan army brought Jiu Zhu's sons and nephews to the foot of the wall and called out to him: "Shandong and Hebei have all surrendered to us, and we hold your family as well. Surrender at once, or we will kill them." Jiu Zhu replied, "A man should repay his state with his life. What room is there to worry about his household?" Before long the city fell. Jiu Zhu fought to the death, and Boguosu likewise refused to yield and was killed. An edict posthumously enfeoffed Jiu Zhu as Military Commissioner of the Linhai Army and promoted him to Upper General of the Flying Cavalry Guard. Boguosu was posthumously made Prefect of Jianzhou and promoted to Zhenguo Upper General. Memorial steles were also ordered for them, with sacrifices at the proper seasons.
54
李演，字巨川，任城人。 泰和六年進士第一，除應奉翰林文字。 再丁父母憂，居鄉里，貞祐初，任城被兵，演墨衰為濟州刺史，畫守禦策。 召集州人為兵。 搏戰三日，眾皆市人不能戰，逃散。 演被執，大將見其冠服非常，且知其名，問之曰：「汝非李應奉乎？」 演答曰：「我是也。」 使之跪，不肯，以好語撫之，亦不聽，許之官祿，演曰：「我書生也，本朝何負於我，而利人之官祿哉！」 大將怒，擊折其脛，遂曳出殺之，時年三十餘。 贈濟州刺史，詔有司為立碑雲。
Li Yan, styled Juchuan, came from Rencheng. He took first place in the jinshi examination of Taihe 6 and was appointed Hanlin drafting official. Twice he left office to mourn his parents and returned to his home district. Early in Zhenyou, when Rencheng came under attack, Yan donned unhemmed mourning garb, assumed the duties of Prefect of Jizhou, and laid out a plan of defense. He called up the people of the prefecture as troops. They fought hard for three days, but the force was made up of townspeople who could not hold the line, and they broke and fled. Yan was taken prisoner. The enemy general, struck by his unusual cap and robes and already knowing his name, asked, "Are you not Li the Hanlin drafting official?" Yan answered, "I am." They ordered him to kneel, but he refused. They tried to win him with gentle words; he would not heed them. They offered him office and emolument. Yan said, "I am a scholar. What has this dynasty ever done to wrong me, that I should crave another man's rank and pay?" The general in a rage struck and broke his shins, then had him dragged out and killed. He was a little over thirty. He was posthumously enfeoffed as Prefect of Jizhou, and the court ordered the authorities to raise a memorial stele in his honor.
55
劉德基
Liu Deji
56
劉德基，大興人。 貞祐元年，特賜同進士出身。 守官邊邑，夏兵攻城，德基坐査事，積薪其傍，謂家人曰「城破即焚我。」 及城破，其家人不忍縱火，遂被執。 脅使跪降，德基不屈。 同僚故人紿夏人曰：「此人素病狂，故敢如此。」 德基曰：「為臣子當如此爾，吾豈狂耶？」 夏人壯其義，乃系諸獄，冀其改圖。 已而召問，德基大罵，終不能從，曰：「吾豈苟生者哉！」 遂害之。 贈朝列大夫、同知通遠軍節度使事。
Liu Deji came from Daxing. In Zhenyou 1 he was specially granted jinshi standing. While serving in a border town, he was conducting an investigation when Xia troops besieged the city. He piled firewood beside him and told his family, "If the city falls, burn me at once." When the city fell, his family could not bring themselves to light the fire, and he was taken prisoner. They forced him to his knees and demanded his surrender, but Deji would not yield. A colleague and old friend tried to deceive the Xia troops, saying, "This man has always been mad—that is why he dares behave this way." Deji said, "This is how a subject ought to act. In what way am I mad?" The Xia troops admired his steadfastness and threw him into prison, hoping he might yet change his mind. Later they summoned him for questioning. Deji cursed them savagely and still would not submit, crying, "Do you think I am a man who clings to life!" And so they put him to death. He was posthumously enfeoffed as Chaolie Dafu and Vice Commissioner of the Tongyuan Army.
57
王毅，大興人。 經義進士，累官東明令。 貞祐二年，東明圍急，毅率民兵願戰者數百人拒守。 城破，毅猶率眾抗戰，力窮被執，與縣人王八等四人同驅之郭外。 先殺二人，王八即前跪將降，毅以足踣之，厲聲曰：「忠臣不佐二主，汝乃降乎！」 驅毅者以刃斫其脛，毅不屈而死。 贈曹州刺史。
Wang Yi came from Daxing. A jinshi in the Classics examination, he rose through successive posts to Magistrate of Dongming. In Zhenyou 2, when the siege of Dongming grew desperate, Yi rallied several hundred militiamen who volunteered to fight and led them in the defense. When the city fell, Yi still led the people in resistance. At last, spent and captured, he was driven outside the wall together with four county men, including Wang Ba. Two were killed first. Wang Ba stepped forward and knelt to surrender. Yi kicked him to the ground and shouted, "A loyal minister does not serve two masters—and you would yield!" Those escorting Yi hacked at his shins with blades, and he died without yielding. He was posthumously enfeoffed as Prefect of Caozhou.
58
王晦，字子明，澤州高平人。 少負氣自渼，常慕張詠之為人，友妻與人有私，晦手刃殺之。 中明昌二年進士，調長葛主簿，有能聲。 察廉除遼東路轉運司都勾判官，提刑司舉其能，轉北京轉運戶籍判官。 遷安陽令，累除簽陝西西路按察司事，改平涼治中。 召為少府少監，遷戶部郎中。 貞祐初，中都戒嚴，或舉晦有將帥才，俾募人自將，得死士萬餘統之。 率所統衛送通州粟入中都，有功，遷霍王傅。 以部兵守順州。 通州圍急，晦攻牛欄山以解通州之圍。 賜賚優渥，遷翰林侍讀學士，加勸農使。 九月，順州受兵，晦有別部在滄、景，遣人突圍召之，眾皆踴躍思奮，而主者不肯發。 王臻，晦之故部曲也，免胄出見，且拜曰：「事急矣，自苦何為，苟能相從，可不失富貴。」 晦曰：「朝廷何負汝耶？」 臻曰：「臻雖負國，不忍負公。」 因泣下。 晦叱曰：「吾年六十，致位三品，死則吾分，詎從汝耶。」 將射之，臻掩泣而去。 無何，將士縋城出降，晦被執，不肯降，遂就死。
Wang Hui, styled Ziming, came from Gaoping in Zezhou. In youth he was proud and headstrong and often admired the example of Zhang Yong. When a friend's wife took a lover, Hui killed her with his own hand. He passed the jinshi examination in Mingchang 2, was assigned as chief clerk of Changge, and earned a reputation for ability. After an integrity inspection he became chief auditor of the Liaodong Circuit Transport Commission. The Judicial Commission commended his talent, and he was transferred to household registration judge on the Beijing Transport Commission. He was promoted to Magistrate of Anyang, then served successively as registrar of the Shaanxi West Circuit Surveillance Commission before becoming Administrative Aide of Pingliang. He was recalled to serve as Deputy Director of the Court of the Palace Storehouses and was promoted to Director in the Ministry of Revenue. Early in Zhenyou, when the Central Capital was placed under martial law, Hui was recommended as a man of military talent. He was ordered to raise troops and command them himself, and mustered more than ten thousand hardened fighters. Leading his troops, he escorted Tongzhou grain into the Central Capital. For this service he was promoted to Tutor of Prince Huo. He took his troops to garrison Shunzhou. When Tongzhou's siege grew desperate, Hui attacked Niulan Mountain to lift the encirclement. He received rich rewards and was promoted to Hanlin Attendant Reader and Commissioner for Encouraging Agriculture. In the ninth month Shunzhou came under attack. Hui had another detachment at Cang and Jing and sent men to break out and summon them. The troops were eager to march, but the officer in command refused to release them. Wang Zhen, once Hui's personal retainer, removed his helmet and came out to see him. Bowing, he said, "The crisis is upon us—why torment yourself? If you come with me, you need not forfeit wealth and rank." Hui said, "What has the court ever done to wrong you?" Zhen replied, "Though I have betrayed the state, I cannot betray you, my lord." As he spoke, he wept. Hui rebuked him: "I am sixty years old and have risen to the third rank. Death is my due. How could I follow you?" He was about to shoot him. Zhen covered his face, weeping, and withdrew. Before long the officers and soldiers lowered themselves over the wall by rope to surrender. Hui was captured, refused to submit, and was put to death.
59
初，晦就執，謂其愛將牛鬥曰：「若能死乎？」 曰：「鬥蒙公見知，安忍獨生。」 並見殺。 詔贈榮祿大夫、樞密副使，仍命有司立碑，歲時致祭。 錄其子汝霖為筆硯承奉。
When Hui was first taken, he asked his trusted commander Niu Dou, "Are you willing to die?" Niu Dou answered, "You honored me with your trust. How could I bear to live on alone?" Both were killed. An edict posthumously enfeoffed him as Ronglu Dafu and Vice Director of the Bureau of Military Affairs, and ordered the authorities to raise a memorial stele with sacrifices at the proper seasons. His son Rulin was appointed Brush-and-Ink Attendant.
60
齊鷹揚
Qi Yingyang
61
齊鷹揚，淄州軍事判官。 楊敏中，屯留縣尉致仕。 張乞驢，淄州民。 貞祐初，大元兵取淄州，鷹揚等募兵備禦，城破，率眾巷戰。 鷹揚等三人創甚被執，欲降之，鷹揚伺守者稍怠，即起奪槊殺數人，與敏中、乞驢皆不屈以死。 詔贈鷹揚嘉議大夫、淄州刺史，仍立廟於州，以時致祭。 敏中贈昭勇大將軍、同知橫海軍節度使事。 乞驢特贈宣武將軍、同知淄州軍州事。
Qi Yingyang was military aide of Zizhou. Yang Minzhong was the retired county captain of Tunliu. Zhang Qilu was a commoner of Zizhou. Early in Zhenyou the Great Yuan army seized Zizhou. Yingyang and the others raised troops to prepare the defense, and when the city fell they led the people in street fighting. Yingyang and the other three were gravely wounded and taken prisoner. As their captors tried to force their surrender, Yingyang waited until the guards relaxed, then sprang up, seized a spear, and killed several men. Yingyang, Minzhong, and Qilu all died without yielding. An edict posthumously enfeoffed Yingyang as Jiayi Dafu and Prefect of Zizhou, and ordered a temple raised in the prefecture with sacrifices at the proper seasons. Minzhong was posthumously made Zhaoyong Da Jiangjun and Vice Commissioner of the Henghai Army. Qilu was specially posthumously enfeoffed as Xuanwu Jiangjun and Vice Prefect of Zizhou.
62
朮甲法心
Paijia Faxin
63
朮甲法心，薊州猛安人。 官至北京副留守。 貞祐二年，為提控，與同知順州軍州事溫蒂罕咬查剌俱守密雲縣。 法心家屬在薊州，大元兵得之，以示法心曰：「若速降當以付汝，否則殺之。」 法心曰：「吾事本朝受厚恩，戰則速戰，終不能降也，豈以家人死生為計耶。」 城破，死於陣。 咬查剌被執，亦不屈而死。
Paijia Faxin came from a military colony in Jizhou. He rose to Deputy Surveillance Commissioner of Beijing. In Zhenyou 2, serving as command officer, he joined Wendihan Yaochala, Vice Prefect of Shunzhou, in the defense of Miyun County. Faxin's family were in Jizhou. The Great Yuan army captured them and paraded them before him, saying, "Surrender at once and we will release them to you. Otherwise we will kill them." Faxin said, "I serve this dynasty and have received its deep bounty. When battle comes, let it come swiftly—I can never surrender. How could I weigh my family's lives in the balance?" When the city fell, he died fighting. Yaochala was taken prisoner and likewise died without yielding.
64
盤安軍節度判官蒲察颭舍與雞澤縣令溫蒂罕十方奴同守薊州，眾潰而出，颭舍、十方奴死之。
Pucha Zhanshe, military judge of the Pan'an Army, and Wendihan Shifangnu, Magistrate of Jize County, defended Jizhou together. When the army broke and fled the city, Zhanshe and Shifangnu were killed.
65
詔贈法心開府儀同三司、樞密副使，封宿國公，咬查剌鎮國上將軍、順州刺史，颭舍金紫光祿大夫、薊州刺史，十方奴鎮國上將軍、薊州刺史。 仍命樹碑，以時致祭
An edict posthumously enfeoffed Faxin as Kaifu Yitong Sansi and Vice Director of the Bureau of Military Affairs, creating him Duke of Su; Yaochala as Zhenguo Upper General and Prefect of Shunzhou; Zhanshe as Jinzi Guanglu Dafu and Prefect of Jizhou; and Shifangnu as Zhenguo Upper General and Prefect of Jizhou. Memorial steles were also ordered for them, with sacrifices at the proper seasons.
66
高錫，字永之，德基子。 以廕補官。 積勞調淄州酒使，課最。 遷平鄉令。 察廉遷遼東路轉運支度判官、太倉使、法物庫使、兼尚林置直長、提舉都城所，曆北京、遼東轉運副使、同知南京路轉運使事。 貞祐初，累遷河北東路按察轉運使。 城破，遂自投城下而死。
Gao Xi, styled Yongzhi, was the son of Deji. He entered office through inherited privilege. Through long service he was transferred to wine commissioner of Zizhou, where his performance ranked first. He was promoted to Magistrate of Pingxiang. After an integrity review he became expense judge on the Liaodong Transport Commission, commissioner of the Grand Granary and the Ritual Objects Store, concurrent director of the Imperial Forest Plantation, and commissioner of the Metropolitan Capital Office, then served as deputy transport commissioner for Beijing and Liaodong and vice transport commissioner on the Nanjing circuit. Early in Zhenyou he rose to Surveillance and Transport Commissioner of the Hebei East circuit. When the city fell, he threw himself from the battlements and died.