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列傳第六十一忠義三○徒單航完顏陳和尚楊沃衍烏古論黑漢陀滿胡土門姬汝作愛申馬肩龍 (附) 禹顯張邦憲劉全
Biographies 61: Loyalty and Righteousness III — Tushan Hang, Wanyan Chen Heshang, Yang Woyan, Wugulun Heihan, Tuoman Hutumen, Ji Ruzuo, Ai Shen, and Ma Jianlong (Supplementary) Yu Xian, Zhang Bangxian, and Liu Quan
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徒單航
Tushan Hang
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完顏陳和尚
Wanyan Chen Heshang
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完顏陳和尚，名彝，字良佐，亦以小字行，豐州人。 系出蕭王諸孫。 父乞哥，泰和南征，以功授同知階州軍事，及宋複階州，乞哥戰歿于嘉陵江。 貞祐中，陳和尚年二十余，為北兵所掠，大帥甚愛之，置帳下。 時陳和尚母留豐州，從兄安平都尉斜烈事之甚謹。 陳和尚在北歲餘，托以省母，乞還。 大帥以卒監之至豐，乃與斜烈劫殺監卒。 奪馬奉其母南奔，大兵覺，合騎追之，由他路得免。 既而失馬，母老不能行，載以鹿角車，兄弟共挽，南渡河。 宣宗奇之。
Wanyan Chen Heshang, personal name Yi and courtesy name Liangzuo, was also commonly known by his childhood name. He came from Fengzhou. He belonged to a branch descended from the Prince of Xiao. His father Qige received the post of associate commissioner of Jiezhou military affairs for service in the Taihe southern campaign. When the Song retook Jiezhou, he was killed in battle on the Jialing River. During Zhenyou, when Chen Heshang was in his early twenties, Northern troops captured him. Their supreme commander favored him greatly and kept him in his personal retinue. His mother still lived in Fengzhou, and his cousin Tuoman Xielie, commandant of Anping, looked after her diligently. After more than a year in the north, he asked leave to visit his mother and begged to be sent home. The commander sent soldiers to escort him home. At Fengzhou he and Xielie attacked and killed the guards. They seized horses, escorted his mother southward, and when the enemy realized what had happened and sent mounted pursuit, they evaded the pursuers by taking another road. They later lost their horses. Since his mother was elderly and could not walk, they loaded her into a deer-antler cart and the brothers pulled it together as they crossed the river to the south. Emperor Xuanzong was greatly impressed.
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斜烈以世官授都統，陳和尚試補護衛，未幾轉奉禦。 及斜烈行壽、泗元帥府事，奏陳和尚自隨，詔以充宣差提控，佩金符。 斜烈辟太原王渥為經歷。 渥字仲澤，文章論議與雷淵、李獻能相上下，故得師友之。 陳和尚天資高明，雅好文史，自居禁衛日，人以秀才目之。 至是，渥授以《孝經》、《小學》、《論語》、《春秋左氏傳》，略通其義。 軍中無事，則窗下作牛毛細字，如寒苦之士，其視世味漠然。
Xielie received a hereditary post as commander-in-chief by virtue of family rank. Chen Heshang entered service as a guardsman on probation and soon became a palace attendant. When Xielie assumed duties at the Shouzhou and Sizhou Marshal's headquarters, he asked that Chen Heshang accompany him, and an edict appointed Chen imperial commissioner and controller with a gold tally. Xielie engaged Wang Wo of Taiyuan as his staff administrator. Wang Wo, courtesy name Zhongze, stood among Lei Yuan and Li Xianneng in power of essay and discourse, and for that reason they treated him as both teacher and friend. Chen Heshang was gifted and loved literature and history. Even while he served in the palace guard, people regarded him as a scholar. Wang Wo now instructed him in the Classic of Filial Piety, Elementary Learning, the Analects, and Zuo's Commentary on the Spring and Autumn Annals, and he gained a basic understanding of them. When the army had no duties, he would write tiny characters beneath the window like a scholar in straitened circumstances, utterly unmoved by the taste of worldly life.
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正大二年，斜烈落帥職，例為總領，屯方城。 陳和尚隨以往，凡兄軍中事皆預知之。 斜烈時在病，軍中李太和者，與方城鎮防軍葛宜翁相毆，訴于陳和尚，宜翁事不直，即量笞之。 宜翁素兇悍，恥以理屈受杖，竟鬱鬱以死，留語其妻，必報陳和尚。 妻訟陳和尚以私忿侵官，故殺其夫，訴於台省，於近侍，積薪龍津橋南，約不得報，則自焚以謝其夫。 以故陳和尚系獄。 議者疑陳和尚，狃于禁近，倚兵閫之重，必橫恣違法，當以大辟。 奏上，久不能決。 陳和尚聚書獄中讀之，凡十有八月。 明年，斜烈病癒，詔提兵而西，入朝，哀宗怪其瘦甚，問：「卿甯以方城獄未決故耶？ 卿但行，吾今赦之矣。」 以台諫複有言，不敢赦。 未幾，斜烈卒。 上聞，始馳赦陳和尚，曰：「有司奏汝以私忿殺人。 汝兄死，失吾一名將。 今以汝兄故，曲法赦汝，天下必有議我者。 他日，汝奮發立功名，國家得汝力，始以我為不妄赦矣。」 陳和尚且泣且拜，悲動左右，不能出一言為謝。 乃以白衣領紫微軍都統，逾年轉忠孝軍提控。
In Zhengda 2, Xielie was removed from command and, according to precedent, became chief steward stationed at Fangcheng. Chen Heshang accompanied him and was privy to all his older brother's military affairs. Xielie was ill. Li Taihe in the army and Ge Yiweng, a man of the Fangcheng garrison force, came to blows; Yiweng appealed to Chen Heshang. Since Yiweng's case had no merit, Chen ordered him beaten in proportion to the offense. Yiweng had always been brutal; ashamed to take a beating after losing on the facts, he died of brooding, leaving his wife instructions to settle accounts with Chen Heshang. She accused Chen Heshang of killing her husband out of private spite while overstepping official authority. She appealed to the provincial office and the inner court, heaped firewood south of Longjin Bridge, and pledged to burn herself if she received no redress. Chen Heshang was therefore imprisoned. Some argued that Chen Heshang, used to nearness to the throne and backed by the authority of military command, must have acted wantonly and unlawfully, and should be executed. The memorial was submitted, but no decision could be reached for a long time. Chen Heshang collected books and read in prison for eighteen months in all. The following year Xielie recovered. An edict ordered him west with the army and to attend court. Emperor Aizong was shocked by how emaciated he had become and asked, "Surely this is not because the Fangcheng case still has no verdict? Go ahead. I am pardoning him now." The censorate raised objections again, and the emperor did not dare issue a pardon. Before long Xielie died. When the emperor learned of this, he finally issued an urgent pardon for Chen Heshang, saying, "The authorities report that you killed a man out of private resentment. Your brother is dead, and I have lost one of my great generals. For your brother's sake I am bending the law to pardon you. People throughout the realm will surely criticize me for it. But if you go on to win glory and merit for the state, then people will see that I did not pardon you in vain." Chen Heshang wept as he bowed, moving everyone present; he could not speak a word of thanks. He then commanded the Ziwei Army as a commoner appointee, and a year later became controller of the Loyal and Filial Army.
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五年，北兵入大昌原，平章合達問誰可為前鋒者，陳和尚出應命。 先已沐浴易衣，若將就木然者，擐甲上馬不反顧。 是日，以四百騎破八千眾，三軍之士踴躍思戰，蓋自軍興二十年始有此捷。 奏功第一，手詔褒諭，授定遠大將軍、平涼府判官，世襲謀克。 一日名動天下。
In year five the Northern army entered Dachangyuan. Privy Councillor Heda asked who could lead the vanguard, and Chen Heshang volunteered. He had already bathed and changed clothes as though preparing for burial, then put on armor, mounted, and rode off without a backward glance. That day he routed eight thousand with four hundred horsemen. Soldiers across the three armies burned to fight — the first triumph of its kind in twenty years of war. His achievement was ranked first. An imperial autograph praised him and appointed him General Who Stabilizes the Distance and judge of Pingliang Prefecture, with hereditary mouke status. In a single day his name resounded throughout the realm.
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忠孝一軍，皆回紇、乃滿、羌、渾及中原被俘避罪來歸者，鷙狠淩突，號難制。 陳和尚禦之有方，坐作進退皆中程式，所過州邑常料所給外秋毫無犯，街曲間不復喧雜，每戰則先登陷陣，疾若風雨，諸軍倚以為重。 六年，有衛州之勝。 八年，有倒回穀之勝。 自刑徒不四五遷為禦侮中郎將。
The Loyal and Filial Army was made up of Uighurs, Naiman, Qiang, Hun, and men from the Central Plains who had been captured or fled to avoid punishment — fierce and unruly, known to be difficult to command. Chen Heshang controlled them well: their movements in camp all followed proper drill. Wherever they passed, beyond what the district supplied they took not a hair's breadth; the streets were quiet again; in every fight he led the charge, quick as wind and rain, and the armies depended on him. In year six came the victory at Weizhou. In year eight came the victory at Daohuigu. In fewer than four or five promotions he had risen from convicted felon to Vice Director for Defense against Insult.
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副樞移剌蒲阿無持重之略，嘗一日夜馳二百里趨小利，軍中莫敢諫止。 陳和尚私謂同列曰：「副樞以大將軍為剽略之事，今日得生口三百，明日得牛羊一二千，士卒喘死者則不復計。 國家數年所積，一旦必為是人破除盡矣。」 或以告蒲阿，一日，置酒會諸將飲，酒行至陳和尚，蒲阿曰：「汝曾短長我，又謂國家兵力當由我盡壞，誠有否？」 陳和尚飲畢，徐曰「有。」 蒲阿見其無懼容，漫為好語雲：「有過當面論，無後言也。」
Deputy Privy Councillor Yelü Pu'a had no gift for steady command. He would sometimes ride two hundred li day and night after trifling gains, and no one in the army dared stop him. Chen Heshang said privately to his colleagues, "The deputy privy councillor treats a grand command like petty raiding. Today three hundred captives, tomorrow a thousand or two sheep and cattle, while the soldiers who die gasping are never counted. Everything the state has accumulated over years, this man will ruin at once." Someone told Pu'a. One day Pu'a held a banquet for the generals. When the cup came to Chen Heshang, Pu'a asked, "You criticized me behind my back and said the state's military strength would be ruined by me — is that so?" Chen Heshang finished his drink and answered calmly, "It is." Pu'a, seeing he had no fear on his face, spoke casually to smooth things over: "When you have criticism, say it to my face; none of this talking afterward."
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九年正月，三峰山之敗，走鈞州。 城破，大兵入，即縱軍巷戰。 陳和尚趨避隱處，殺掠稍定乃出，自言曰：「我金國大將，欲見白事。」 兵士以數騎夾之，詣行帳前。 問其姓名，曰：「我忠孝軍總領陳和尚也。 大昌原之勝者我也，衛州之勝亦我也，倒回穀之勝亦我也。 我死亂軍中，人將謂我負國家，今日明白死，天下必有知我者。」 時欲其降，斫足脛折不為屈，豁口吻至耳，噀血而呼，至死不絕。 大將義之，酹以馬湩，祝曰：「好男子，他日再生，當令我得之。」 時年四十一。 是年六月，詔贈鎮南軍節度使，塑像褒忠廟，勒石紀其忠烈。
In the first month of year nine, after the defeat at Mount Sanfeng, they fled to Junzhou. When the city fell and the Northern army entered, they at once allowed their troops to fight through the lanes. Chen Heshang fled to a hiding place. When the slaughter eased slightly he emerged and declared, "I am a great general of Jin. I wish to make a report." Soldiers escorted him with several horsemen to the commander's tent. When asked his name, he said, "I am Chen Heshang, chief steward of the Loyal and Filial Army. I won at Dachangyuan; I won at Weizhou; I won at Daohuigu as well. If I die obscurely in this chaos, men will say I betrayed the state. Today I die openly, and there will be those who know me." They wished him to submit. They cut his shins until they broke, yet he would not bend; they split his mouth to the ear, and he spat blood and cried out without cease until he died. The enemy commander honored his loyalty, poured kumiss as libation, and prayed, "Fine fellow — should you be born again, may I have you." He was forty-one. In the sixth month of that year an edict posthumously made him Military Commissioner of the Zhennan Army, erected his image in the Hall of Loyal Merit, and carved stone to commemorate his loyalty and valor.
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斜烈名鼎，字國器，畢里海世襲猛安。 年二十，以善戰知名。 自壽、泗元帥轉安平都尉，鎮商州，威望甚重，敬賢下士，有古賢將之風。 初至商州，一日搜伏，于大竹林中得歐陽修子孫，問而知之，並其族屬鄉里三千餘人皆縱遣之。
Xielie, personal name Ding, courtesy name Guoqi, was hereditary meng'an of the Bilihai clan. At twenty he was already renowned for prowess in war. He went from the Shou-Si marshal's office to Anping Commandant, garrisoning Shangzhou, where his prestige weighed heavily. He honored the worthy, treated scholars deferentially, and had the bearing of the great generals of old. Shortly after arriving at Shangzhou, while searching the countryside one day he found descendants of Ouyang Xiu in a large bamboo thicket. Once he had questioned them and understood who they were, he released them along with more than three thousand kinsmen and neighbors of their community.
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楊沃衍
Yang Woyan
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楊沃衍，一名斡烈，賜姓兀林答，朔州靜邊官莊人，本屬唐括迪剌部族。 少嘗為北邊屯田小吏，會大元兵入境，朝命徙唐括族內地，沃衍留不徙，率本部族願從者入保朔州南山茶杞溝，有眾數千，推沃衍為招撫使，號其溝曰府，故殘破鎮縣徒黨日集，官軍不能制。 又與大兵戰，連獲小捷，及乏食，遂行剽劫。 官軍捕之，拒戰不下，轉走寧、隩、武、朔、甯邊諸州，民以為病。 朝廷遣人招之，沃衍即以眾來歸。 時宣宗適南遷，次淇門，聞之甚喜，遂以為武州刺史。
Yang Woyan, also called Walie and granted the surname Wulin-da, came from Jingbian Guanzhuang in Shuozhou and originally belonged to the Tangut Dila tribe. As a young man he had been a minor clerk on northern frontier farms. When the armies of the Great Yuan entered the realm, the court ordered the Tangut tribes relocated inland; Woyan refused to go and led those of his tribe who would follow into fortified refuge at Chaqigou in the southern hills of Shuozhou. They numbered several thousand; they made Woyan pacification commissioner and styled the ravine a "prefecture." As ruined districts sent fugitives daily, the regular army could not contain them. They fought the Northern army as well and won a series of minor victories, but when provisions ran out they took to pillaging. When government forces came to capture them they fought back and could not be subdued, roaming through Ning, Yu, Wu, Shuo, and Ningbian — a plague on the populace. The court sent envoys to summon him, and Woyan submitted with his men. Emperor Xuanzong happened to be moving the capital south and was at Qimen. Delighted at the news, he appointed Woyan prefect of Wuzhou.
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武州屢經殘毀，沃衍入州未幾，而大兵來攻，死戰二十七晝夜不能拔，乃退，時貞祐二年二月也。 既而朝廷以武州終不可守，令沃衍遷其軍民駐岢嵐州，以武州功擢為本州防禦使。 俄升岢嵐為節鎮，以沃衍為節度使，仍詔諭曰：「卿于國盡忠，累有勞績。 今特升三品，恩亦厚矣，其益勵忠勤，與宣撫司輯睦以安軍民。」 沃衍自奉詔即以身許國，曰：「為人不死王事而死於家，非大丈夫也。」
Wuzhou had been devastated again and again. Soon after Woyan took office the Northern army attacked. After twenty-seven days and nights of fierce fighting the enemy could not capture the city and withdrew — in the second month of Zhenyou 2. The court then decided Wuzhou could not be held and ordered Woyan to relocate troops and civilians to Kelan Prefecture. For his defense of Wuzhou he was promoted defense commissioner of that prefecture. Soon Kelan was elevated to a military commission and Woyan made its commissioner. An edict addressed him: "You have been utterly loyal to the state and won merit repeatedly. I have now raised you three ranks — the grace is great. Exert yourself further in loyal service, and live at peace with the pacification commissioner to secure army and people." From the moment he received the edict Woyan pledged his life to the state, saying, "A man who does not die in the ruler's business but dies at home is no true man."
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三年，奉旨屯涇、邠、隴三州，沃衍分其軍九千人為十翼五都統，親統者十之四。 是冬，西夏四萬餘騎圍定西州，元帥右都監完顏賽不以沃衍提控軍事，率兵與夏人戰，斬首幾二千，生擒數十人，獲馬八百餘匹，器械稱是，餘悉遁去。 詔陝西行省視功官賞之。
In year three an imperial order stationed him across Jing, Bin, and Long prefectures. Woyan divided his nine thousand troops into ten wings under five commanders-in-chief; he personally led four-tenths. That winter more than forty thousand Xia horsemen besieged Dingxi. Marshal Right Vice Commissioner Wanyan Saibusi put Woyan in charge of operations and met the Xia in battle. They took nearly two thousand heads, dozens of captives, more than eight hundred horses, and a comparable haul of weapons; the rest escaped. An edict directed the Shaanxi Branch Secretariat to review achievements and distribute rewards.
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元光元年正月，遙授中京留守。 六月，進拜元帥右監軍，仍世襲納古胡裏愛必剌謀克。 二年春，北兵遊騎數百掠延安而南，沃衍率兵追之，戰於野豬嶺，獲四人而還。 俄而，兵大至，駐德安寨，複擊走之。 未幾，大兵攻鳳翔還，道出保安，沃衍遣提控完顏查剌破于石樓臺，前後獲馬二百、符印數十。 詔有司論賞。 初，聞野豬嶺有兵，沃衍約陀滿胡土門以步軍會戰。 胡土門宿將，常輕沃衍，至是失期。 沃衍戰還，會諸將欲斬胡土門，諸將哀請乃釋之。 時大兵聲勢益振，陝西行省檄沃衍清野，不從，曰； 「我若清野，明年民何所得食？」 遂隔大澗持勢使民畢麥事。 正大二年，進拜元帥左監軍，遙領中京留守。
In the first month of Yuanguang 1 he received an honorary appointment as prefectural governor of the Central Capital. In the sixth month he was promoted Marshal Right Vice Commissioner with hereditary mouke rank of the Naguhulai Bila band. In spring of year two several hundred Northern raiders swept south from Yan'an. Woyan pursued, fought at Wild Boar Ridge, took four captives, and returned. Before long a great army arrived and camped at De'an Stockade; he attacked again and put them to flight. Not long after, as the Northern army attacked Fengxiang and withdrew, they passed through Bao'an. Woyan sent Controller Wanyan Zhala to defeat them at Stone Tower Terrace, taking two hundred horses and dozens of tallies and seals in all. An edict ordered the responsible offices to assess rewards. Earlier, when reports came of troops at Wild Boar Ridge, Woyan had agreed with Tuoman Hutumen to meet the enemy with infantry. Hutumen was a veteran and had always slighted Woyan; this time he failed to arrive on time. When Woyan returned from battle he convened the generals and meant to behead Hutumen; the generals begged for mercy and he was spared. The Northern army's strength was mounting daily. The Shaanxi Branch Secretariat ordered Woyan to scorch the countryside, but he refused, saying: If I strip the countryside bare, what will the people live on next year? He held his position across a broad stream instead and allowed the people to complete the wheat harvest. In Zhengda 2 he was promoted Marshal Left Vice Commissioner with concurrent honorary appointment as governor of the Central Capital.
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八年冬，平章合達、參政蒲阿由鄧州而西，沃衍自豐陽川遇於五朵山下，問禹山之戰如何，合達曰：「我軍雖勝，而大兵已散漫趨京師矣。」 沃衍憤雲：「平章、參政蒙國厚恩，握兵柄，失事機，不能戰禦，乃縱兵深入，尚何言耶！」
In the winter of year eight, Privy Councillor Heda and Vice Councillor Pu'a marched west from Dengzhou. Woyan met them from Fengyangchuan at the foot of Mount Wuduo and asked how the battle at Yushan had gone. Heda said, "Our army won, but the Northern forces have already scattered and are pressing toward the capital." Woyan said angrily, "The privy councillor and vice councillor enjoy the state's deepest favor and hold military power. They missed their chance, could not fight to defend the realm, yet let their troops drive deep inland — what more is there to say!"
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三峰山之敗，沃衍走鈞州。 其部曲白留奴、呆劉勝既降，請于大帥，願入鈞招沃衍。 大帥質留奴，令勝入鈞見沃衍，道大帥意，降則當授大官。 沃衍善言慰撫之，使前，拔劍斫之，曰：「我起身細微，蒙國大恩，汝欲以此汙我耶！」 遂遺語部曲後事，望汴京拜且哭曰：「無面目見朝廷，惟有一死耳。」 即自縊。 部曲舉火並所寓屋焚之，從死者十余人。 沃衍死時年五十二。
After the defeat at Mount Sanfeng, Woyan fled to Junzhou. His subordinates Bailiunu and Dai Liu Sheng had already submitted and asked the supreme commander for permission to enter Junzhou and win Woyan over. The supreme commander kept Bailiunu as hostage and sent Sheng into Junzhou to see Woyan, conveying the commander's offer that surrender would bring a high office. Woyan spoke kindly to reassure him, then had him come forward, drew his sword, and struck him down, saying, "I rose from humble origins and received the state's great grace — do you mean to stain me with this?" He then gave his followers their final instructions, turned toward Bianjing, bowed and wept, and said, "I have no face left to meet the court — only death remains." He then hanged himself. His followers set fire and burned the house where he had lodged; more than ten died with him. Woyan was fifty-two when he died.
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初，大兵破西夏，長驅而至，關輔千里皆洶洶不安，雖智者亦無如之何。 沃衍與其部將劉興哥者率兵往來邠、隴間，屢戰屢勝，故大軍猝不能東下。
Earlier, when the Northern army broke Western Xia and swept westward, the thousand li of the Guanzhong region were all in turmoil; even the wise could do nothing about it. Woyan and his subordinate commander Liu Xingge led troops back and forth between Bin and Long prefectures, winning battle after battle, so the great army could not suddenly advance eastward.
20
興哥，鳳翔虢縣人，起於群盜，人呼曰「熱劉」。 後於清化戰死，大兵至酹酒以吊，西州耆老語之。 至為泣下。
Xingge came from Guo County in Fengxiang. He had risen from bandit gangs, and people called him "Hot Liu." He later died fighting at Qinghua. When the Northern army arrived they poured wine in libation to mourn him, as the elders of the western prefectures recounted. Some were moved to tears.
21
烏古論黑漢
Wugulun Heihan
22
烏古論黑漢，初以親軍入仕，嘗為唐、鄧元帥府把軍官。 天興二年，唐州刺史內族斜魯病卒，鄧州總帥府以蒲察都尉權唐州事。 宋軍兩來圍唐，又唐之糧多為鄧州所取，以故乏食。 六月，遣萬戶夾穀定住入歸德，奏請軍糧，不報。 七月，鎮防軍馮總領、甄改住為變，殺蒲察都尉。 時朝廷道梗，帥府承制以黑漢權刺史行帥府事。
Wugulun Heihan first entered service through the imperial guard and had served as garrison officer of the Tangzhou-Dengzhou Marshal's headquarters. In Tianxing 2, Xielu of the imperial clan, prefect of Tangzhou, died of illness. The Dengzhou supreme commander's office put Commandant Pucha in charge of Tangzhou affairs. Song armies twice besieged Tangzhou, and much of Tangzhou's grain had been taken by Dengzhou, so provisions ran short. In the sixth month he sent Wanhu Jiagu Dingzhu to Guide to memorialize for army grain; there was no reply. In the seventh month, Chief Steward Feng and Zhen Gaizhu of the garrison force mutinied and killed Commandant Pucha. Communications with the court were cut off; the commander's office, acting on its own authority, put Heihan in charge as acting prefect to conduct marshal's headquarters affairs.
23
既而鎮防軍有歸宋之謀，時裕州大成山聶都統一軍五百人在州，獨不欲歸宋，與鎮防軍為敵，鎮防不能勝，棄老幼奔棗陽，宋人以故知唐之虛實。 會鄧帥移剌瑗以城叛歸於宋，遺書招黑漢，黑漢殺其使者不報。 宋王安撫率兵攻唐，鄂司王太尉繼至，攻益急。 黑漢聞哀宗遷蔡，遣人求救，上命權參政兀林答胡土將兵以往。 宋人設伏，縱其半入城，邀擊之，胡土大敗，僅存三十騎以還。
Soon the garrison force plotted to defect to the Song. At that time Commander Nie of Dacheng Mountain in Yuzhou had five hundred men in the prefecture; they alone refused to submit to the Song and fought the garrison force. The garrison could not prevail, abandoned the old and young, and fled to Zaoyang, so the Song learned Tangzhou's true condition. It happened that Dengzhou commander Yelü Yuan rebelled with the city and went over to the Song. He sent a letter to win Heihan over, but Heihan killed his envoy and made no reply. Song Pacification Commissioner Wang led troops to attack Tangzhou; Grand Marshal Wang of E Prefecture followed, and the assault grew fiercer. Heihan heard that Emperor Aizong had moved to Cai and sent men to beg for rescue; the emperor ordered Acting Vice Councillor Wulin-da Hutu to lead troops there. The Song set an ambush, let half his force enter the city, then intercepted them. Hutu was badly defeated and returned with only thirty horsemen.
24
城中糧盡，人相食，黑漢殺其愛妾啖士，士爭殺其妻子。 官屢聚議欲降，黑漢與聶都統執議益堅，馮總領乃私出城與王安撫會飲，約明日宋軍入城。 馮歸，宋軍不得入，聶都統請馮議事，即坐中斬之。 及其黨皆死。 總領趙醜兒者初與馮同謀，內不自安，開西門納宋軍。 黑漢率大成山軍巷戰，自辰至午，宋軍大敗而出，殺傷無數。 宋人城下大呼趙醜兒，約並力殺大成山軍。 大成軍敗，宋人獲黑漢，脅使降，黑漢不屈，為所殺。 其得脫走者十餘人，總領移剌望軍、女奚烈軍、醜兒走蔡州，皆得遷賞，後俱死於甲午之難。
Grain in the city ran out and people ate one another. Heihan killed his beloved concubine to feed the soldiers; the soldiers in turn killed their wives and children. Officials repeatedly met to discuss surrender; Heihan and Commander Nie held all the more firmly to resistance. Chief Steward Feng then went out of the city privately to drink with Pacification Commissioner Wang and agreed that Song troops would enter the city the next day. When Feng returned, Song troops could not enter. Commander Nie invited Feng to discuss affairs and beheaded him on the spot. His followers all died as well. Chief Steward Zhao Chou'er, who had originally plotted with Feng, felt uneasy within and opened the west gate to admit Song troops. Heihan led the Dacheng Mountain army in street fighting from morning until midday; the Song army was badly beaten and driven out, with countless killed and wounded. Below the wall the Song shouted for Zhao Chou'er and agreed to join forces to kill the Dacheng Mountain army. The Dacheng army was defeated. The Song captured Heihan and tried to force him to surrender; he would not yield and was killed. A little more than ten escaped. Chief Stewards Yelü Wangjun, Nuxilie Jun, and Chou'er fled to Caizhou, all received promotions and rewards, and later all died in the disaster of Jiawu.
25
陀滿胡土門
Tuoman Hutumen
26
陀滿胡土門，字子秀，策論進士也。 累官翰林待制。 貞祐二年，遷知中山府。 三年，改知臨洮府、兼本路兵馬都總管。 叛賊蘭州程陳僧等誘夏人入寇，圍臨洮凡半月，城中兵數千而粟且不支，眾皆危之。 胡土門日為開諭逆順禍福，皆自奮。 因捕其黨欲為內應者二十人，斬之，擲首城外。 賊四面來攻，乃夜出襲賊壘，夏兵大亂，金軍乘之，遂大捷，夏人遁去。
Tuoman Hutumen, courtesy name Zixiu, had passed the jinshi examination in policy essays. He rose through offices to Hanlin Attendant Drafting. In Zhenyou 2 he was transferred to administer Zhongshan Prefecture. In year three he was changed to administer Lintao Prefecture and concurrently serve as commander-in-chief of all troops on that circuit. Rebel bandits Cheng Chenseng of Lanzhou and others lured Xia troops to invade and besieged Lintao for half a month. The city had several thousand soldiers but grain would not last; everyone was alarmed. Every day Hutumen explained to them the blessings and disasters of loyalty and rebellion, and all roused themselves. He then captured twenty of their party who meant to serve as inside collaborators, beheaded them, and threw their heads outside the wall. When the bandits attacked from all four sides, he went out by night to raid their camp. Xia troops fell into great disorder; Jin forces pressed the advantage and won a great victory, and the Xia fled.
27
四年，知河中府事，權河東南路宣撫副使。 十月，進元帥右監軍、兼前職。 興定二年，為絳陽軍節度使、兼絳州管內觀察使。 十月，遷元帥左監軍、行元帥府事、兼知晉安府、河東南路兵馬都總管。 於是，修城池，繕甲兵，積芻糧，以備戰守。 民不悅，行省胥鼎聞之，遺以書曰：「元帥始鎮河中，惠愛在民，移ＩＭ晉安，遠近忻仰。 去歲兵入，平陽不守，河東保完者惟絳而已。 蓋公坐籌制勝，威德素著，故不動聲氣以至無虞也。 邇來傳聞，治政太剛，科征太重，鼎切憂之。 古人有言，禦下不寬則人多懼禍，用人有疑則士不盡心。 況大兵在邇，鄰境已虛，小人易動，誠不可不慮也。 願公以謙虛待下，忠孝結人，明賞罰，平賦稅，上以分聖主宵旰之憂，下以為河東長城之托。」 胡土門得書，懼民不從且或生變，乃上言：「臣本瑣材，猥膺重寄，方將治隍碑、積芻糧為捍禦之計，而小民難與慮始，以臣政令頗急，皆有怨言，遂貽行省之憂。 自聞訓諭，措身無所，內自悛悔，外加寬撫，庶幾少慰眾心。 而近以朝命分軍過河，則又喧言帥臣不益兵保守，而反助河南，將棄我也。 人心如此，恐一旦遂生他變。 向者李革在平陽，人不安之，而革隱忍不言，以至於敗。 臣實拙繆，無以服人，敢以鼎書上聞，惟朝廷圖之。」 朝廷以鼎言，遣吏部尚書守顏閭山代之。 或曰，胡土門欲以計去晉安，乃大興役，恣為殺戮，務失民心，故鼎言及之。 未幾，晉安失守，死者幾百萬人，遂失河東。
In year four he administered Hezhong Prefecture and served as acting vice pacification commissioner of Hedong South Circuit. In the tenth month he was promoted Marshal Right Vice Commissioner while retaining his previous posts. In Xingding 2 he became Military Commissioner of the Jiangyang Army and concurrent observation commissioner within Jiang Prefecture. In the tenth month he was transferred to Marshal Left Vice Commissioner, acting marshal's headquarters affairs, concurrent administrator of Jin'an Prefecture, and commander-in-chief of Hedong South Circuit troops. Thereupon he repaired walls and moats, maintained armor and weapons, and stockpiled fodder and grain to prepare for war and defense. The people were displeased. Branch Secretariat chief Xudin heard of it and sent a letter saying, "When the marshal first garrisoned Hezhong, his kindness and care rested on the people; when he moved to Jin'an, near and far rejoiced in him. Last year when troops entered, Pingyang could not be held; of Hedong, only Jiang remained intact. This was because you sat and planned to victory; your authority and virtue have long been established, so without raising an alarm you reached a state free of trouble. Recently I have heard that your governance is too harsh and your levies too heavy — I am deeply concerned. The ancients said that if one is not lenient toward subordinates, many will fear disaster; if one is suspicious in employing men, officers will not give their full hearts. Moreover the great army is near, neighboring territory is already hollow, and petty men are easily stirred — this truly cannot be ignored. I hope you will treat subordinates with humility, bind men with loyalty and filial duty, make rewards and punishments clear, and equalize taxes and levies — above to share the sage sovereign's sleepless anxiety, below to become Hedong's wall of defense." When Hutumen received the letter, he feared the people would not follow and might even rebel, and memorialized: "I am by nature a petty talent who has undeservedly received a heavy trust. I was just repairing walls and stockpiling fodder and grain for defense, but common people are hard to bring along at the start; because my orders were rather strict, there were complaints on all sides, and this caused the branch secretariat concern. Since hearing this instruction I have had nowhere to put myself; inwardly I repent, outwardly I add lenient care, hoping in some measure to soothe the people's hearts. But recently, by court order troops were divided and sent across the river, and there was again loud talk that the commander would not add troops to defend but instead aid Henan — that he meant to abandon us. Hearts are like this; I fear that one day another change may suddenly arise. Formerly Li Ge was at Pingyang; the people were uneasy, yet Ge endured in silence until defeat came. I am truly clumsy and blundering and cannot win men over; I dare report Xudin's letter to the court and ask that the court consider it." Because of Xudin's words, the court sent Minister of Personnel Shouyan Lüshan to replace him. Some say Hutumen wished by stratagem to leave Jin'an, so he launched great labor projects and indulged in killings, deliberately losing the people's hearts — hence Xudin's words. Before long Jin'an fell; those who died numbered nearly a million, and Hedong was lost.
28
三年八月，改太常卿、權簽樞密院事、知歸德府事。 元光二年二月，坐上書不實，削一官。 正大三年七月，複為臨洮府總管。 四年五月，城破被執，誘之降不應，使之跪不從，以刀亂斫其膝脛，終不為屈，遂殺之。 五年，詔贈中京留守，立像褒忠廟，錄用其子孫。 其妻烏古論氏亦死節，有傳。
In the eighth month of year three he was changed to Director of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices, acting signer of Privy Council affairs, and administrator of Guide Prefecture. In the second month of Yuanguang 2 he was demoted one rank for submitting an untrue memorial. In the seventh month of Zhengda 3 he was again made overall commander of Lintao Prefecture. In the fifth month of year four the city fell and he was captured. They tried to entice him to surrender but he would not answer; they made him kneel but he would not obey; they hacked his knees and shins with blades at random, yet he would not yield, and they killed him. In year five an edict posthumously made him governor of the Central Capital, erected his image in the Hall of Loyal Merit, and employed his descendants. His wife, of the Wugulun clan, also died for principle; there is a separate biography.
29
姬汝作
Ji Ruzuo
30
姬汝作，字欽之，汝陽人，全州節度副使端修之侄孫也。 父懋，以廕試部掾，轉尚書省令史。 汝作讀書知義理，性豪宕，不拘細行，平日以才量稱。 正大末，避兵崧山，保鄉鄰數百家，眾以長事之。 後徙居交牙山砦，會近侍局使烏古論四和撫諭西山，以便宜授汝作北山招撫使，佩銀符，遂遷入汝州。
Ji Ruzuo, courtesy name Qinzhi, came from Ruyang and was a grand-nephew of Duanxiu, vice military commissioner of Quanzhou. His father Mao entered through hereditary privilege as a trial clerk in the Ministry of Rites and was transferred to clerk in the Secretariat. Ruzuo read books and understood principle; his nature was bold and unrestrained, he did not fuss over small conduct, and in ordinary times he was known for talent and capacity. At the end of Zhengda he fled war to Song Mountain, protected several hundred neighboring households, and the crowd treated him as elder. Later he moved to Jiaoya Mountain stockade. When Inner Service Commissioner Wugulun Sihe pacified the western hills, he granted Ruzuo discretionary authority as Northern Mountain pacification commissioner with a silver tally, and Ruzuo then moved into Ruzhou.
31
初，汝州殘破之後，天興元年正月，同知宣徽院事張楷授防禦使，自汴率襄、郟縣土兵百餘人入青陽垛。 時呼延實者領青陽砦事。 實趙城人，本楊沃衍部曲，以戰功至寶昌軍節度使，閒居汝之西山。 楷自揣不能服眾，乃以州事托實，尋往鄧州從恆山公武仙。 後大元兵至，城破，殺數千人，乃許降，以張宣差者管州事。 三月，鈞州潰軍柳千戶者入州，張逃去，柳遂據之。 未幾，城複破。 及汝作至，北兵雖去，但空城爾。 汝作招集散亡，複立市井，北兵屢招之不從，數戰互有勝負。 已而北兵複來攻，汝作親督士卒，以死拒之。 兵退，間道納奏，哀宗宣諭：「此州無險固可恃，汝乃能為國用命，今授以同知汝州防禦使，便宜從事。」
Earlier, after Ruzhou was devastated, in the first month of Tianxing 1, Associate Director of the Palace Domestic Service Zhang Kai received appointment as defense commissioner and led more than a hundred local troops from Xiang and Jia counties from Bian into Qingyang Stockade. At that time Huyan Shi was in charge of Qingyang stockade affairs. Shi came from Zhaocheng, originally a follower of Yang Woyan; through battle merit he rose to Military Commissioner of the Baochang Army and lived in retirement in the western hills of Ru. Kai judged himself unable to command the crowd, so he entrusted prefectural affairs to Shi and soon went to Dengzhou to follow Duke Hengshan Wuxian. Later when the Great Yuan army arrived, the city fell, several thousand were killed, and surrender was then permitted; Zhang the imperial commissioner was put in charge of prefectural affairs. In the third month, Liu the thousand-commander, a routed soldier from Junzhou, entered the prefecture; Zhang fled, and Liu seized it. Before long the city fell again. When Ruzuo arrived, although the Northern army had gone, it was only an empty city. Ruzuo gathered the scattered and lost, re-established markets and streets, repeatedly refused Northern summons to submit, and fought several times with alternating victory and defeat. Before long the Northern army came to attack again; Ruzuo personally directed the soldiers and resisted to the death. When the army withdrew, he sent a memorial by a hidden route. Emperor Aizong announced: "This prefecture has no strong defenses to rely on, yet you were able to give your life for the state. I now appoint you associate defense commissioner of Ruzhou with discretionary authority."
32
是時，此州南通鄧州，西接洛陽，東則汴京，使傳所出，供億三面，傳通音耗。 然呼延實在青陽為總帥，忌汝作城守之功，不能相下，州事動為所制。 實欲遷州入山，謂他日必為大兵所破。 汝作以為「倉中糧尚多，四面潰軍日至，此輩經百死，激之皆可用，朝廷倚我守此州，總帥乃欲棄之，何心哉。」 讒間既行，有相圖之隙，詳議官楊鵬釋之曰：「外難未解而顧私忿。」 語甚諄切。 實乃還山，鵬因勸汝作納奏，乞死守此州，以堅軍民之心。 其冬，戰於襄、郟，得馬百餘，士氣頗振，遂以汝作為總帥，不復與實相關矣。
At that time this prefecture connected south to Dengzhou, west to Luoyang, and east to Bianjing; couriers went out from it, supplies were furnished on three sides, and messages passed through. Yet Huyan Shi at Qingyang served as supreme commander; he resented Ruzuo's merit in defending the city and could not defer to him, and prefectural affairs were constantly constrained by him. Shi wished to move the prefecture into the mountains, saying that one day it would surely be broken by the great army. Ruzuo held that "there is still much grain in the storehouses; routed soldiers arrive daily from all four sides — these men have passed through a hundred deaths and, if roused, can all be used. The court relies on me to hold this prefecture, yet the supreme commander wants to abandon it — what sort of heart is that?" Once slander had taken effect there was room for mutual plotting. Review officer Yang Peng reconciled them, saying, "External peril is not yet resolved, yet you attend to private resentment. His words were very earnest." Shi then returned to the mountains. Peng therefore urged Ruzuo to submit a memorial begging to die defending this prefecture, to firm the hearts of army and people. That winter they fought at Xiang and Jia, took more than a hundred horses, and morale revived somewhat; Ruzuo was then made supreme commander and no longer had dealings with Shi.
33
天興二年六月，哀宗在蔡州，遣使徵兵入援。 州人為邏騎所擾，農事盡廢，城中糧亦垂盡。 是月，中京破，部曲私議有脣亡之懼，計以城降，懼汝作，不敢言，乃以遷州入山白之。 汝作怒曰：「吾家父祖食祿百年，今朝延又以州事帥職委我，吾生為金民，死為金鬼。 汝輩欲避於山，非欲降乎？ 有再言遷者吾必斬之。」
In the sixth month of Tianxing 2, Emperor Aizong was at Caizhou and sent envoys to summon troops for relief. The people of the prefecture were harried by patrol cavalry; farming was entirely abandoned, and grain in the city was nearly exhausted. That month the Central Capital fell; his followers privately discussed fear of the lips being gone when the teeth grow cold, and planned to surrender the city. They feared Ruzuo and dared not speak openly, so they raised moving the prefecture into the mountains with him. Ruzuo said angrily, "For a hundred years my fathers and grandfathers ate the state's salary; now the court has again entrusted me with prefectural affairs and command. Living I am a Jin subject; dead I am a Jin ghost. You wish to flee to the mountains — is that not wishing to surrender? Whoever speaks of moving again, I will surely behead."
34
八月，塔察將大兵攻蔡，經汝州。 州人梁皋作亂，與故吏溫澤、王和七八人徑入州廨，汝作不為備，遂為所殺。 時宣使石珪體究洛陽所以破及強伸死節事，以路阻，留汝州驛。 梁皋既殺汝作，走告珪曰：「汝作私積糧斛，不恤軍民，眾怒殺之矣。 皋不圖汝作官職，惟宣使裁之。」 圭懼，乃以皋權汝州防禦使、行帥府事。 脫走入蔡，以皋殺汝作事聞。 哀宗甚嗟惜之，遣近侍張天錫贈汝作昌武軍節度使，子孫世襲謀克，仍詔峴山帥呼延實、登封帥范真並力討皋。 天錫避峴山遠，先約範真，真以麾下李某者往，以撫諭軍民為名。 皋率軍士迎于東門，知朝廷圖己，陰為之備，李猶豫不敢發。 皋館天錫于望崧樓，隱毒於食，天錫遂中毒而死。 皋後為大元兵所殺。
In the eighth month, Tacha led a great army to attack Cai and passed through Ruzhou. Liang Gao of the prefecture rebelled; with former clerks Wen Ze, Wang He, and seven or eight others he went straight into the prefectural office. Ruzuo was unprepared and was killed. At that time Imperial Commissioner Shi Gui was investigating how Luoyang fell and how Qiang Shen died for principle; blocked by the roads, he stayed at the Ruzhou post station. After Liang Gao killed Ruzuo, he ran to tell Gui, "Ruzuo privately hoarded grain and paid no heed to army and people; the crowd killed him in anger. Gao does not seek Ruzuo's office — let the imperial commissioner decide. Gui was afraid and made Gao acting defense commissioner of Ruzhou to conduct marshal's headquarters affairs. He escaped to Cai and reported Gao's killing of Ruzuo. Emperor Aizong deeply lamented this and sent Inner Attendant Zhang Tianxi to posthumously enfeoff Ruzuo as Military Commissioner of the Changwu Army with hereditary mouke rank for his descendants. An edict also ordered Xianshan commander Huyan Shi and Dengfeng commander Fan Zhen to join forces to punish Gao. Tianxi, finding Xianshan too distant, first arranged with Fan Zhen; Zhen sent a certain Li under his command, in the name of pacifying army and people. Gao led soldiers to welcome them at the east gate. Knowing the court plotted against him, he secretly prepared; Li hesitated and dared not act. Gao lodged Tianxi at Wangsong Tower and hid poison in his food; Tianxi died of poisoning. Gao was later killed by the Great Yuan army.
35
楊鵬字飛卿，能詩。
Yang Peng, courtesy name Feiqing, was a poet.
36
愛申，逸其族與名，或曰一名忙哥。 本虢縣鎮防軍，累功遷軍中總領。 李文秀據秦州，宣宗詔鳳翔軍討之，軍圍秦州城。 時愛申在軍中，有罪當死。 宣宗問之樞帥，有知其名者奏此人將帥材，忠實可倚。 宣宗命馳赦之，以為德順節度使、行元帥府事。 正大四年春，大兵西來，擬以德順為坐夏之所，德順無軍，人甚危之。 愛申識鳳翔馬肩龍舜卿者可與謀事，乃遺書招之，肩龍得書欲行，鳳翔總管禾速嘉國鑒以大兵方進，吾城可恃，德順決不可守，勸勿往。 肩龍曰：「愛申平生未嘗識我，一見許為知己。 我知德順不可守，往則必死，然以知己故。 不得不為之死耳。」 乃舉行橐付族父，明為死別，冒險而去。 既至，不數日受圍，城中惟有義兵鄉軍八九千人，大兵舉天下之勢攻之。 愛申假舜卿鳳翔總管府判官，守禦一與共之。 凡攻百二十晝夜，力盡乃破，愛申以劍自剄，時年五十三。 軍中募生致肩龍，而不知所終。 台諫有言當贈德順死事者官，以勸中外。 詔各贈官，配食褒忠廟。
Ai Shen — his clan and personal name are lost; some say he was also called Mangge. Originally of the garrison force in Guo County, he rose through merit to chief steward in the army. Li Wenxiu held Qinzhou; Emperor Xuanzong ordered the Fengxiang army to punish him, and the army besieged Qinzhou city. At that time Ai Shen was in the army and had guilt deserving death. Emperor Xuanzong asked the privy marshal; someone who knew his name memorialized that this man had the talent of a general and was loyal and dependable. Emperor Xuanzong ordered a swift pardon and made him Military Commissioner of the Deshun Army, acting marshal's headquarters affairs. In the spring of Zhengda 4 the great army came from the west, intending to make Deshun its summer encampment. Deshun had no army, and people were greatly alarmed. Ai Shen knew that Ma Jianlong Shunqing of Fengxiang could be consulted in affairs, and sent a letter summoning him. Jianlong received the letter and wished to go, but Fengxiang overall commander Hesujia Guojian said the great army was advancing, our city could be relied on, and Deshun certainly could not be held — he urged him not to go. Jianlong said, "Ai Shen never knew me in his life, yet at one meeting he called me a true friend. I know Deshun cannot be held; if I go I will surely die, yet because he is a true friend, I cannot but die for him. He then gave his traveling bag to a clan elder, clearly taking leave as one going to death, and set out at risk. Once he arrived, within days they were besieged. In the city there were only eight or nine thousand volunteer and local troops; the great army attacked with the momentum of the whole realm. Ai Shen borrowed Shunqing from the Fengxiang overall commander's office as judge, and they defended together as one. The assault lasted one hundred twenty days and nights; when strength was exhausted the city fell. Ai Shen cut his own throat with a sword; he was fifty-three. The army offered a reward to capture Jianlong alive, but his end is unknown. The censorate spoke of enfeoffing those who died in service at Deshun, to encourage within and without. An edict posthumously enfeoffed each with rank and granted them sacrificial shares in the Hall of Loyal Merit.
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馬肩龍 (附)
Ma Jianlong (Supplementary)
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肩龍字舜卿，宛平人。 先世遼大族，有知興中府者，故人號興中馬氏。 祖大中，金初登科，節度全、錦兩州。 父成誼，明昌五年登科，仕為京兆府路統軍司判官。 肩龍在太學有賦聲。 宣宗初，有誣宗室從坦殺人，將置之死。 人不敢言其冤，肩龍上書，大略謂：「從坦有將帥材，少出其右者，臣一介書生，無用于世，願代從坦死，留為天子將兵。」 書奏，詔問：「汝與從坦交分厚歟？」 肩龍對曰：「臣知有從坦，從坦未嘗識臣。 從坦冤人，不敢言，臣以死保之。」 宣宗感悟，赦從坦，授肩龍東平錄事，委行省試驗。 宰相侯摯與語不契，留數月罷歸，將渡河，與排岸官紛競，搜篋中，得軍馬糧料名數及利害數事，疑其為奸人偵伺者，系歸德獄根勘。 適從坦至，立救出之。 正大三年，客鳳翔，元帥愛申深器重之，至是，同死於難。
Jianlong, courtesy name Shunqing, came from Wanping. His forebears were a great clan of Liao; one served as administrator of Xingzhong Prefecture, so people called them the Ma clan of Xingzhong. His grandfather Dazhong passed the examination at the beginning of Jin and served as military commissioner of Quan and Jin prefectures. His father Chengyi passed the examination in Mingchang 5 and served as judge of the overall commander's office on the Jingzhao Circuit. Jianlong had a reputation for fu composition in the Imperial Academy. Early in Emperor Xuanzong's reign, someone falsely accused the imperial clansman Cong Tan of murder, and he was about to be put to death. No one dared speak of his innocence. Jianlong submitted a memorial saying in substance: "Cong Tan has the talent of a general; few surpass him. I am a mere scholar, useless to the world — I wish to die in Cong Tan's place and remain to lead troops for the Son of Heaven. When the memorial was submitted, an edict asked, "Are you and Cong Tan close friends?" Jianlong answered, "I know of Cong Tan; Cong Tan has never known me. Cong Tan is wronged, and no one dares speak; I guarantee him with my death." Emperor Xuanzong was moved, pardoned Cong Tan, appointed Jianlong recorder of Dongping, and entrusted him to the branch secretariat for trial. Chief Councillor Hou Zhi did not agree with him in conversation; after several months he was dismissed and sent home. About to cross the river, he quarreled with the wharf officer; searching his case they found lists of army horses and grain and several matters of strategic advantage, suspected him of being a spy, and imprisoned him in Guide for thorough investigation. Cong Tan happened to arrive and at once rescued him. In Zhengda 3 he was a guest at Fengxiang; Marshal Ai Shen deeply valued him, and at this time they died together in the disaster.
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禹顯，雁門人。 貞祐初，隸上党公張開，累以戰功授義勝軍節度使、兼沁州招撫副使。 元光二年四月，大帥達兒泬、按察兒攻河東，張開遣顯扼龍豬穀，夾攻敗之，擒元帥韓光國，獲輜重甲仗甚眾，追至祁縣而還，所曆州縣悉複之。 顯將軍三百人，守襄垣，八年不遷。 大帥嘗集河朔步騎數萬攻之，至於數四不能拔。 既而，戰于玉女寨，大獲。 開言于朝，權元帥右都監。 正大六年冬十二月，軍內變，城破被擒。 帥義之，不欲加害。 初以鐵繩鈐之，既而密與舊部曲二十人遁去，聞上黨公軍複振，將往從之。 大兵四向來追，顯適與負釜一兵相失，乞飯山寺中，僧走報焉，被執不屈死，時年四十一。
Yu Xian came from Yanmen. Early in Zhenyou he served under Duke Shangdang Zhang Kai and through repeated battle merit was appointed Military Commissioner of the Yisheng Army and concurrent vice pacification commissioner of Qin Prefecture. In the fourth month of Yuanguang 2, supreme commanders Da'erbo and Ancha'er attacked Hedong. Zhang Kai sent Xian to hold Longzhu Valley; attacking from both sides they defeated the enemy, captured Marshal Han Guangguo, took a great quantity of baggage, armor, and weapons, pursued to Qi County and returned, and recovered all prefectures and counties they passed through. Xian commanded three hundred soldiers and held Xiangyuan for eight years without transfer. The supreme commander once gathered tens of thousands of infantry and cavalry from Hebei to attack it; four times they could not take it. Later they fought at Yunu Stockade and won a great victory. Kai spoke to the court, and Xian was made acting Marshal Right Vice Commissioner. In the twelfth month of winter in Zhengda 6 there was mutiny within the army; the city fell and he was captured. The commander admired his righteousness and did not wish to harm him. At first he was bound with iron chains; soon he secretly escaped with twenty old followers. Hearing that Duke Shangdang's army had revived, he meant to go join them. Northern troops pursued from all four directions. Xian happened to lose contact with a soldier carrying a cauldron; begging food at a mountain temple, a monk ran to report him; captured, he would not yield and died; he was forty-one.
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張邦憲
Zhang Bangxian
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秦州人張邦憲，字正叔，登正大中進士第，為永固令。 天興二年，避兵徐州。 卓翼率兵至城，邦憲被執，將驅之北，邦憲罵曰：「我進士也，誤蒙朝廷用為邑長，可從汝曹反耶！」 遂遇害。
Zhang Bangxian of Qinzhou, courtesy name Zhengshu, passed the jinshi examination in the middle of Zhengda and served as magistrate of Yonggu. In Tianxing 2 he fled war to Xuzhou. Zhuo Yi led troops to the city; Bangxian was captured and about to be driven north. Bangxian cursed, "I am a jinshi — wrongly favored by the court as district chief; how could I follow you lot in rebellion!" He was then killed.
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劉全者，彭城民也。 率鄉鄰數百避兵沫溝，推為砦主。 北兵至徐，盡俘其老幼，全父亦在其中，北兵質之以招全，全縛其人送徐州，因竊其父以歸。 徐帥益都嘉其忠，承制以為昭信校尉，遙領彭城縣尉。 後遇國用安，怒其不附己，見殺。
Liu Quan was a commoner of Pengcheng. He led several hundred neighbors to flee war to Mogou and was made stockade chief. When Northern troops reached Xu, they captured all the old and young; Quan's father was among them. The Northern army held him hostage to win Quan over; Quan bound their man and sent him to Xuzhou, then stole his father back. The Xuzhou commander Yidu praised his loyalty and, acting on his own authority, made him Colonel of Manifest Trust with honorary status as assistant magistrate of Pengcheng County. Later he encountered Guo Yong'an, who was angry that he would not attach himself to him, and had him killed.