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懿宗昭聖恭惠孝皇帝漼，宣宗長子，母曰元昭皇太后晁氏。 大和七年十一月十四日，生於籓邸。 會昌六年十月，封鄆王，本名溫。 大中十三年八月七日，宣遺詔立為皇太子監國，改今名。 十三日，柩前即帝位，年二十七。 帝姿貌雄傑，有異稠人。 籓邸時常經重疾，郭淑妃侍醫藥，見黃龍出入於臥內。 既間，妃以異告，帝曰：「慎勿復言。」 又嘗大雪數尺，而帝寢室之上獨無，人皆異之。 宣宗制《泰邊陲樂曲詞》有「海岳晏咸通」之句。 又大中末，京城小兒疊布漬水，紐之向日，謂之拔暈。 帝果以鄆王即大位，以咸通為年號。
Yizong—taboo Cui—was Xuanzong's eldest son, born of Empress Yuanzhao Chao. He was born in the princely residence on the fourteenth day of the eleventh month of Taihe 7. In the tenth month of Huichang 6, he was enfeoffed as Prince of Yun; his original name was Wen. On Dazhong 13's eighth-month seventh Xuanzong's testament made him regent heir and renamed him Cui. On the thirteenth he was enthroned before the bier at twenty-seven. His bearing was heroic—unlike ordinary men. In his princely years grave illness brought Consort Guo Shufei to his bedside; she saw a yellow dragon in the chamber. Recovered, she told him; he said, "Never speak of this again—" —and once snow piled feet deep while his roof alone stayed clear, to everyone's wonder. Xuanzong's "Far Borderland" lyrics held the line "Sea and mountains tranquil—Xian through." Near Dazhong's end capital children twisted wet cloth sunward in a game called "drawing the halo." He did ascend from Prince of Yan and took Xian-tong as his era.
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九月，釋服，追尊母后晁氏為太后，諡曰元昭。
In the ninth month mourning ended and Empress Chao became posthumous Yuanzhao.
3
十月癸未，制以門下侍郎、守左僕射、同平章事令狐綯守司空，門下侍郎、兵部尚書、同平章事蕭鄴兼尚書右僕射，中書侍郎、禮部尚書、平章事夏侯孜兼兵部尚書，中書侍郎、平章事蔣伸兼工部尚書，並依前知政事。 又以兵部侍郎鄭顥為河南尹。 以昭義軍節度、潞邢磁洺觀察等使、光祿大夫、檢校吏部尚書、兼潞州大都督府長史、上柱國、河東縣開國子、食邑五百戶裴休為太原尹、北都留守、河東節度管內觀察處置等使； 以河中節度使、檢校尚書左僕射畢諴為汴州刺史，充宣武軍節度、宋亳觀察等使。 以中書舍人裴坦權知禮部貢舉。
On guimou the tenth month Linghu Tao, Xiao Ye, Xiahou Zi, and Jiang Shen were shuffled among grand posts while keeping council seats. Zheng Hao became Henan prefect. Pei Xiu left Zhaoyi for Taiyuan and Hedong command; Bi Dan moved from Hezhong to Bianzhou and Xuanwu. Pei Tan oversaw the civil service examination.
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十二月，以戶部侍郎、翰林學士杜審權為檢校禮部尚書、河中晉絳節度等使。 咸通元年春正月，上御紫宸殿受朝，對室韋使。
In the twelfth month Du Shenquan took Hezhong-Jin-Jiang. Xian-tong 1 opened with audience for the Shiwei envoy at Zichen Hall.
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二月，葬宣宗皇帝于貞陵。 以右拾遺劉鄴充翰林學士。 以河中節度使杜審權為兵部侍郎、判度支，尋以本官同平章事； 以門下侍郎、守司徒、同平章事令狐綯檢校司徒、同平章事，出鎮河中； 尚書左僕射、諸道鹽鐵轉運使杜忭同平章事。 浙東觀察使王式斬草賊仇甫，浙東郡邑皆平。
In the second month Xuanzong was buried at Zhen Mausoleum. Liu Ye entered the Hanlin. Du Shenquan rose from Hezhong to the council and revenue post; Linghu Tao was posted to Hezhong; Du Cong joined the council from salt transport. Wang Shi beheaded Qiu Fu and pacified Zhedong.
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八月，以河東節度使裴休為鳳翔尹、鳳翔隴右節度使，以鳳翔隴右節度使、銀青光祿大夫、檢校刑部尚書盧簡求為太原尹、北都留守、河東節度使。
Pei Xiu and Lu Jianqiu swapped Hedong and Fengxiang.
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十一月丙午朔。 丁未，上有事於郊廟，禮畢，禦丹鳳門，大赦，改元。 以中書舍人薛耽權知貢舉。 咸通二年春二月，吏部尚書蕭鄴檢校尚書右僕射、太原尹、北都留守、河東節度觀察等使。 鄭滑節度使、檢校工部尚書李福奏：「屬郡潁州去年夏大雨，沈丘、汝陰、潁上等縣平地水深一丈，田稼、屋宇淹沒皆盡，乞蠲租賦。」 從之。 以中書侍郎兼工部尚書蔣伸兼刑部尚書，右僕射、門下侍郎杜忭為左僕射，依前知政事。
The eleventh month's bingwu day was new moon. On dingwei suburban rites ended with universal amnesty and the new era from Danfeng Gate. Xue Dan oversaw the examination. Xiantong 2's second month sent Xiao Ye to Hedong as acting right vice director. Zheng-Hua military commissioner, Acting Minister of Works Li Fu memorialized: "Subordinate Yingzhou last summer suffered great rain; Shenqiu, Ru'yin, and Ying shang counties had standing water one zhang deep—fields and houses were all submerged; we beg remission of tax and corvée." The throne assented. Jiang Shen added punishments; Du Cong became left vice director.
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四月，以前婺州刺史裴閔為潁州刺史，充本州團練鎮遏等使。 以駕部郎中王鐸本官知制誥。
Pei Min became Yingzhou prefect and pacifier. Wang Duo gained drafting duties.
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八月，以中書舍人衛洙為工部侍郎。 尋改銀青光祿大夫、檢校禮部尚書，兼滑州刺史、御史大夫、駙馬都尉，充義成軍節度、鄭滑潁觀察處置等使。 洙奏狀稱：「蒙恩除授滑州刺史，官號內一字與臣家諱音同，雖文字有殊，而聲韻難別，請改授閑官者。」 敕曰：「嫌名不諱，著在禮文，成命已行，固難依允。」 以兵部侍郎曹確判度支，以兵部員外郎楊知遠、司勳員外郎穆仁裕試吏部宏詞選人。
Wei Zhu became vice minister of works. Soon Wei Zhu was changed to Silver-Blue Grand Master of Splendid Happiness and acting minister of rites, concurrently prefect of Hua, censor-in-chief, and commandant as imperial son-in-law, and was made military commissioner of Yicheng and observation-disposition commissioner for Zheng, Hua, and Ying. Wei Zhu begged reassignment because "Hua" sounded like his family taboo. Edict: "Homophonic taboos are not observed—so ritual states; the appointment already issued cannot be withdrawn." Cao Que took revenue; Yang Zhiyuan and Mu Renyu examined macro-words candidates.
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九月，以前兵部侍郎、判度支畢諴為工部尚書、同平章事。 蔣伸罷知政事。 林邑蠻寇安南府，遣神策將軍康承訓率禁軍及江西、湖南之兵赴援。 咸通三年春正月，左僕射、門下侍郎、平章事杜忭率百僚上徽號曰睿文明聖孝德皇帝。
Bi Dan joined the council as minister of works. Jiang Shen left the council. Linyi raided Annan; Kang Chengxun led relief with forbidden troops and Jiangxi-Hunan forces. Xiantong 3 opened with Du Bian offering the honorific Sage of Civil Brilliance and Filial Virtue.
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五月，敕：「嶺南分為五管，誠已多年。 居常之時，同資禦捍，有事之際，要別改張。 邕州西接南蠻，深據黃洞，控兩江之獷俗，居數道之遊民。 比以委人太輕，軍威不振，境連內地，不並海南。 宜分嶺南為東、西道節度觀察處置等使，以廣州為嶺南東道，邕州為嶺南西道，別擇良吏，付以節旄。 其所管八州，俗無耕桑，地極邊遠，近罹盜擾，尤甚凋殘。 將盛籓垣，宜添州縣。 宜割桂州管內龔州、象州，容州管內藤州、岩州，並隸嶺南西道收管。」 宰臣杜忭兼司空，畢諴兼兵部尚書。 駕部郎中、知制誥王鐸為中書舍人。 以邕管經略使鄭愚為廣州刺史，充嶺南東道節度、觀察處置等使； 將軍宋戎為嶺南西道節度使。
In the fifth month an edict: "Lingnan has been divided into five commissions for many years. In peace the five commissions shared defense; in crisis they must split. Yongzhou faces southern tribes and Yellow Caves between two rivers. Light appointees left Yongzhou weak though inland. Split Lingnan into eastern (Guangzhou) and western (Yongzhou) circuits with strong commissioners. Eight remote, silkless prefectures lately ravaged need reinforcement. Add prefectures to strengthen the frontier. Attach Gong, Xiang, Teng, and Yan to the western circuit." Thus ended the edict." Du Cong added grand preceptor; Bi Dan added war minister. Wang Duo became a drafting officer. Zheng Yu took Guangzhou and the eastern route; Song Rong took the western route.
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夏，淮南、河南蝗旱，民饑。 南蠻陷交址，征諸道兵赴嶺南。 詔湖南水運，自湘江入澪渠，江西造切麥粥以饋行營。 湘、漓溯運，功役艱難，軍屯廣州乏食。 潤州人陳磻石詣闕上書，言：「江西、湖南，溯流運糧，不濟軍師，士卒食盡則散，此宜深慮。 臣有奇計，以饋南軍。」 天子召見，磻石因奏：「臣弟聽思曾任雷州刺史，家人隨海船至福建，往來大船一隻，可致千石，自福建裝船，不一月至廣州。 得船數十艘，便可致三萬石至廣府矣。」 又引劉裕海路進軍破盧循故事。 執政是之，以磻石為鹽鐵巡官，往楊子院專督海運。 於是康承訓之軍皆不闕供。
Summer brought locusts, drought, and famine in Huainan and Henan. Southern tribes took Jiaozhi and troops marched south. Hunan was to ship grain up the Xiang; Jiangxi to feed the camps with gruel. Upstream hauling failed and Guangzhou troops went hungry. Runzhou man Chen Pan-shi came to court with a memorial saying: "Jiangxi and Hunan haul grain upstream—it cannot supply the army; when soldiers' food runs out they scatter—this must be deeply considered. I have a strange plan to feed the southern army." The Son of Heaven summoned him; Pan-shi then memorialized: "My younger brother Ting-si once served as Leizhou prefect; our household followed sea ships to Fujian—one large ship can carry a thousand dan; from Fujian loading, within one month it reaches Guangzhou. With several dozen ships thirty thousand dan could reach Guang prefecture." He cited Liu Yu's sea advance against Lu Xun. The council approved; Pan-shi supervised sea transport at Yangzi Yard. Kang Chengxun's army was never short again.
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七月，徐州軍亂，以浙東觀察使王式檢校工部尚書、徐州刺史、御史大夫、武甯軍節度、徐泗濠觀察等使。 初，王智興得徐州，召募凶豪之卒二千人，號曰銀刀、雕旗、門槍、挾馬等軍，番宿衙城。 自後浸驕，節度使姑息不暇。 田牟鎮徐日，每與驕卒雜坐，酒酣撫背，時把板為之唱歌。 其徒日費萬計。 每有賓宴，必先厭食飫酒，祁寒暑雨，卮酒盈前，然猶喧噪邀求，動謀逐帥。 前年壽州刺史溫璋為節度使，驕卒素知璋嚴酷，深負憂疑。 璋開懷撫諭，終為猜貳，給與酒食，未嘗瀝口，不期月而逐璋。 上是以式代璋。 時式以忠武、義成之師三千平定仇甫，便詔式率二鎮之師渡淮。 徐卒聞之，懼其勢，無如之何。 至大彭館，方來迎謁。 居三日，犒勞兩鎮兵令還，既擐甲執兵，即命環驕卒殺之。 徐卒三千餘人，是日盡誅，由是凶徒悉殄。
In the seventh month Xuzhou mutinied; Wang Shi was sent as Wuning commander. Zhi-xing had recruited two thousand Silver Blade and kindred companies for yamen guard. They grew insolent; commissioners indulged them. Tian Mou drank with them, patting backs and singing to them. They cost ten thousand a day. They feasted first at every banquet and often plotted to oust commanders. When harsh Wen Zhang came as commissioner the troops were uneasy. Zhang tried kindness; they expelled him within a month. The throne sent Wang Shi to replace Zhang. Shi, having pacified Qiu Fu with Zhongwu and Yicheng troops, was ordered across the Huai. Xu troops feared his strength and held back. At Great Peng Lodge they welcomed him. After three days he sent allied troops away, then encircled and slaughtered the insolent companies. Over three thousand were killed that day—the violent were gone.
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九月，以戶部侍郎李晦檢校工部尚書，兼興元尹、山南西道節度使。
In the ninth month, Li Hui, vice minister of revenue, was made acting minister of works, concurrently prefect of Xingyuan and military commissioner of Shannan West.
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十一月，遣將軍蔡襲率禁軍三千，會諸道之師赴援安南。 以吏部侍郎鄭處誨蕭仿、吏部員外郎楊儼、戶部員外郎崔彥昭等試宏詞選人。 十二月，以吏部侍郎蕭仿權知禮部貢舉。 咸通四年春正月甲子朔。 庚午，上有事於圓丘，禮畢，禦丹鳳樓，大赦。 中外官宜准建中元年敕，授官後三日舉一人自代。 州牧令錄上佐官，在任須終三考。 河東節度使、檢校刑部尚書盧簡求以病求罷，詔以太子少師致仕歸東都。 以昭義節度使、檢校禮部尚書、上柱國、賜紫金魚袋劉潼為太原尹、北都留守、御史大夫，充河東節度觀察處置等使。
Cai Xi led three thousand forbidden troops south in the eleventh month. Zheng Chuhui, Xiao Fang, Yang Yan, and Cui Yanzhao examined macro-words candidates. Xiao Fang oversaw the examination in the twelfth month. Xiantong 4 opened on jiazi. On gengwu the Round Mound rite ended with amnesty from Danfeng Tower. Officials were to nominate successors per the Jianzhong precedent. Prefects must record aides and serve three review cycles. Lu Jianqiu, military commissioner of Hedong and acting minister of punishments, requested dismissal because of illness; an edict retired him as junior preceptor of the crown prince and sent him back to the eastern capital. Liu Tong took Hedong from Zhaoyi.
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二月，以左散騎常侍李荀檢校工部尚書、滑州刺史、義成軍節度、鄭滑觀察等使。
Li Xun took Hua and Yicheng in the second month.
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三月，以兵中侍郎、判度支楊收本官同平章事； 以刑部侍郎曹汾為河南尹； 以戶部侍郎李蠙檢校禮部尚書、潞州大都督府長史，充昭義節度、觀察處置等使。
Yang Shou joined the council from revenue; Cao Fen became Henan prefect; Li Pian, vice minister of revenue, was made acting minister of rites and chief secretary of the Lu prefectural grand commandery, and was appointed military commissioner of Zhaoyi with observation-disposition authority.
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四月，敕徐州罷防禦使，為支郡，隸兗州。
An April edict on Annan refugees opened:
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七月朔，制：「安南寇陷之初，流人多寄溪洞。 其安南將吏官健走至海門者人數不少，宜令宋戎、李良瑍察訪人數，量事救恤。 安南管內被蠻賊驅劫處，本戶兩稅、丁錢等量放二年，候收復後別有指揮。 其安南溪洞首領，素推誠節，雖蠻寇竊據城壁，而酋豪各守土疆。 如聞溪洞之間，悉藉嶺北茶藥，宜令諸道一任商人興販，不得禁止往來。 廉州珠池，與人共利。 近聞本道禁斷，遂絕通商，宜令本州任百姓採取，不得止約。 其徐州銀刀官健，其中先有逃竄者，累降敕旨，不令捕逐。 其今年四月十八日，草賊頭首已抵極法，其餘徒黨各自奔逃，所在更勿捕逐。」 是月，東都、許、汝、徐、泗等州大水，傷稼。 初，大中末，安南都護李琢貪暴，侵刻獠民，群獠引林邑蠻攻安南府。 三年，大徵兵赴援，天下騷動。 其年冬，蠻竟陷交州，赴安南諸軍並令抽退，分保嶺南東、西道。
"Song Rong and Li Liangyin should count and relieve Annan officers reaching Haimen. Remit two years' tax where bandits plundered Annan. Stream chiefs who kept faith though walls fell should be honored. Let merchants carry Lingbei tea and medicine freely to stream caves. Lianzhou pearls should profit the people. Local bans have cut off trade. Let commoners gather pearls without restraint. Do not pursue fugitive Silver Blade guards. Grass-bandit leaders are dead; cease pursuing the rest." Thus ended the edict." That month floods ruined crops in the eastern capital and Xu, Ru, Xu, and Si. Li Zhuo's greed in Annan had provoked Liao tribes to bring Linyi against the protectorate. Year three's mass levies unsettled the realm. That winter Jiaozhou fell and Annan armies retreated to hold Lingnan east and west.
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十一月，長安縣尉、集賢校理令狐滈為左拾遺。 制出，左拾遺劉蛻、起居郎張雲上疏，論滈父綯秉權之日，廣納賂遺，受李琢賄，除安南，致生蠻寇，滈不宜居諫諍之列。 時綯在淮南，上表論訴，乃貶雲興元少尹，蛻華陰令，滈改詹事司直。 以中書舍人王鐸權知禮部貢舉，以兵部侍郎、判度支曹確同平章事，以中書侍郎、平章事畢諴檢校吏部尚書、河中尹、晉絳慈隰節度使。 就加幽州張允伸檢校司徒。 以兵部侍郎高璩本官同平章事，以戶部侍郎裴寅判本司事。 咸通五年春正月戊午朔，以用兵罷元會。 諫議大夫裴坦上疏，論天下徵兵，財賦方匱，不宜過興佛寺，以困國力。 優詔答之。
Linghu Hao became left remonstrance in the eleventh month. Liu Tui and Zhang Yun attacked Linghu Hao as the son of the corrupt Tao who had sold Annan to Li Zhuo. Tao protested from Huainan; Yun, Tui, and Hao were shuffled in punishment. Wang Duo examined candidates; Cao Que joined the council; Bi Dan went to Hezhong. Zhang Yunshen gained acting grand tutor. Gao Cong joined the council; Pei Yin judged household affairs. Xiantong 5 canceled the New Year audience for war. Pei Tan warned against temple-building while levies emptied the treasury. The throne answered with a gracious edict.
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二月，以兵部尚書牛叢檢校兵部尚書，兼成都尹、劍南西川節度副大使、知節度事。 徐州處置觀察防禦使。 以門下侍郎、兵部尚書、平章事杜審權為潤州刺史、浙江西道節度使。
Niu Cong took Chengdu and Jiannan West in the second month. Xuzhou gained an observation and defense commissioner. Du Shenquan went to Runzhou and Zhexi.
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三月，以兵部郎中高湜、員外于懷試吏部，平判選人。
Gao Shi and Yu Huai examined personnel candidates in the third month.
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四月，右僕射、平章事夏侯孜增爵五百戶。 以中書舍人王鐸為禮部侍郎，以晉州刺史孟球檢校工部尚書，兼徐州刺史。 南蠻寇邕管，以秦州經略使高駢率禁軍五千赴邕管，會諸道之師禦之。
Xiahou Zi gained five hundred households' noble rank in the fourth month. Wang Duo became vice minister of rites; Meng Qiu took Xuzhou. Gao Pian led five thousand forbidden troops to Yong against southern raiders.
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五月丁酉，制：
On dingyou a fifth-month edict opened:
25
「朕以寡昧，獲承高祖、太宗之丕構，六載於茲矣。 罔畋遊是娛，罔聲色是縱，罔刑戮是濫，罔邪佞是惑。 夙夜悚惕，以憂以勤，庶幾乎八表用康，兆人以泰。 而西戎款附，北狄懷柔，獨惟南蠻，奸宄不率。 侵陷交趾，突犯朗寧，爰及雋州，亦用攘寇。 勞我士卒，興吾甲兵，騷動黎元，役力飛輓，每一軫念，閔然疚懷。 顧惟生人，罹此愁苦，宜布自天之澤，俾垂及物之仁。 如聞湖南、桂州，是嶺路系口，諸道兵馬綱運，無不經過，頓遞供承，動多差配，凋傷轉甚，宜有特恩。 潭、桂兩道各賜錢三萬貫文，以助軍錢，亦以充館驛息利本錢。 其江陵、江西、鄂州三道，比于潭、桂，徭配稍簡，宜令本道觀察使詳其閑劇，准此例與置本錢。 邕州已西黎、雋界內，昨因蠻寇，互有殺傷，宜令本道收拾埋瘞，量設祭酹。
"We in our feebleness have received the great structure of Gaozu and Taizong these six years. We have not made roaming our pleasure, not indulged sound and color, not abused punishments, not been deluded by the wicked. Day and night in awe we toil with worry and diligence, hoping the eight regions may be secure and the myriad people at ease. Yet while the western Rong have submitted and the northern Di have been soothed, only the Southern Man remain treacherous and refuse obedience. They invaded and captured Jiaozhi, burst into Langning, and reached as far as Junzhou, where troops also had to repel them. They wear out our soldiers, raise our weapons, disturb the common people, and burden labor and transport; whenever we think of this, grief fills our heart. Considering that the people have suffered such hardship, we should spread grace from Heaven and let benevolence reach all things. We hear that Hunan and Guizhou are the key mouths of the Ling route; troops and supply convoys from every circuit all pass through them, and whenever post stations and provisions are supplied, many levies are imposed, so their injury has grown still worse. They should receive special grace. Tan and Gui circuits are each to be granted thirty thousand strings of cash to support army funds and also to serve as interest-bearing capital for post stations and hostels. As for the three circuits of Jiangling, Jiangxi, and Ezhou, their corvee assignments are somewhat lighter than those of Tan and Gui; their observation commissioners should assess how light or heavy the burden is and establish capital for them according to this precedent. Within the borders of Li and Jun west of Yongzhou, there were mutual killings during the recent Man raids; the circuit authorities should collect and bury the dead and set out sacrifices and libations as appropriate.
26
徐州土風雄勁，甲士精強，比以制馭乖方，頻致騷擾。 近者再置使額，卻領四州，勞逸既均，人心甚泰。 但聞比因罷節之日，或有被罪奔逃，雖朝廷頻下詔書，並令一切不問，猶恐尚懷疑懼，未委招攜，結聚山林，終成詿誤。 況邊方未靜，深藉人才，宜令徐泗團練使選揀召募官健三千人，赴邕管防戍。 待嶺外事寧之後，即與替代歸還。 仍令每召滿五百人，即差軍將押送，其糧料賞給，所司准例處分。
The local customs of Xuzhou are fierce and strong, and its armored soldiers are elite; recently, because control was mishandled, disturbances repeatedly arose. Recently the commissioner's title was restored and the four prefectures were again placed under it; labor and rest have now been evenly balanced, and the people's hearts are very calm. But we hear that when the military commission was abolished, some people fled after being charged with crimes. Although the court repeatedly issued edicts ordering that all such cases be ignored, we still fear they harbor doubts and anxieties, have not yet been fully summoned and gathered in, and may join together in the mountains and forests, eventually falling into error. Moreover, the frontier is not yet calm and greatly depends on talented men; the regimental commissioner of Xu and Si should select and recruit three thousand official guards and send them to garrison the Yong command. After affairs beyond the Ling have been pacified, replacements should be sent and they should return home. Whenever five hundred men have been recruited, a military officer should still be assigned to escort them; the responsible offices should handle their rations and rewards according to precedent.
27
淮南、兩浙海運，虜隔舟船，訪聞商徒，失業頗甚，所由縱舍，為弊實深。 亦有搬貨財委于水次，無人看守，多至散亡，嗟怨之聲，盈于道路。 宜令三道據所搬米石數，牒報所在鹽鐵巡院，令和雇入海同船，分付所司。 通計載米數足外，輒不更有隔奪，妄稱貯備。 其小舸短船到江口，使司自有船，不在更取商人舟船之限。 如官吏妄行威福，必議痛刑。 於戲！ 萬方靡安，甯忘於罪己； 百姓不足，敢怠於責躬。 用伸欽恤之懷，式表憂勤之旨。」
In the sea transport of Huainan and the two Zhe circuits, enemy forces have blocked the boats and ships. We hear that merchants have lost their livelihoods badly, while the responsible officials have indulged and excused abuses, causing deep harm. There have also been cases where goods were unloaded and left beside the water with no one to guard them, so much was scattered and lost, and cries of grievance filled the roads. The three circuits should report, by official communication, the amount of rice they transport to the local salt-and-iron patrol offices, which are to fairly hire seagoing ships and assign them to the responsible offices. Once the total amount of loaded rice is sufficient, there must be no further seizure or obstruction, nor false claims that it is being stored as a reserve. As for the small short boats that reach the river mouth, the commissioner's office has its own vessels, and these do not fall within the limit allowing further requisition of merchants' boats. If officials arbitrarily exercise authority and favor, severe punishment will surely be discussed. Alas! When the myriad regions are not secure, how could we forget to blame ourselves? When the people lack enough, how dare we neglect self-reproach? Thus we extend a compassionate concern and show the intent of anxious diligence."
28
壬寅，制以中書侍郎、平章事楊收為門下侍郎、兼刑部尚書，以中書侍郎、平章事曹確兼工部尚書，兵部侍郎、平章事高璩為中書侍郎、知政事，餘並如故。
On renyin, by imperial order, Yang Shou, zhongshu shilang and pingzhangshi, was made menxia shilang and concurrently minister of justice; Cao Que, zhongshu shilang and pingzhangshi, concurrently became minister of works; Gao Qu, vice minister of war and pingzhangshi, was made zhongshu shilang and continued to know government affairs; the rest remained as before.
29
秋七月壬子，延資庫使夏侯孜奏：「鹽鐵戶部先積欠當使咸通四年已前延資庫錢絹三百六十九萬餘貫匹。 內戶部每年合送錢二十六萬四千一百八十貫匹，從大中十二年至咸通四年九月已前，除納外，欠一百五十萬五千七百一十四萬貫匹。 當使緣戶部積欠數多，先具申奏，請于諸道州府場鹽院合納戶部所收八十文除陌錢內，割一十五文，屬當使自收管。 敕命雖行，送納稽緩。 今得戶部牒稱，所收管除陌錢絹外，更有諸雜物貨，延資庫徵收不便，請起今年合納延資庫錢絹一時便足。 其已前積欠，候物力稍充，積漸填納。 其所割一十五文錢，即當司仍舊收管。 又緣累歲以來，嶺南用兵，多支戶部錢物。 當使不欲堅論舊欠，請依戶部商量，合納今年一年額色錢絹須足，明年即依舊制，三月、九月兩限送納畢。 其以前積欠，仍令戶部自立填納期限者。」 敕旨依之。
Autumn, seventh month, renzi: Extended Treasury commissioner Xiahou Zi memorialized: "Salt-and-iron and Households had long owed the Extended Treasury more than 3.69 million strings and bolts before Xian-tong 4. The revenue ministry was supposed to deliver 264,180 strings of cash and bolts each year; from the twelfth year of Dazhong through the ninth month of the fourth year of Xiantong, after payments already made, it still owed 1,505,714 strings and bolts. He had asked fifteen cash per discount coin from salt yards. Delivery lagged despite the edict. Households now wanted this year's quota in coin and silk at once. Older debt could wait for gradual payment. The fifteen-cash cut would stay with his office. Lingnan war had long drained Households. He would not press old debt if this year's quota was met. Prior arrears let Households set its own repayment schedule." The throne assented.
30
十月丙辰，以中書舍人李蔚權知禮部貢舉。
Li Wei oversaw the examination in the tenth month.
31
十一月乙酉，以大同軍防禦使盧簡方檢校工部尚書、滄州刺史、御史大夫，充義昌軍節度、滄濟德觀察等使。 乙未，以兵部侍郎蕭寘本官同中書門下平章事。 咸通六年正月癸未朔。 丁亥，制以河東節度使、檢校刑部尚書孔溫裕為鄆州刺史、天平軍節度、鄆曹棣觀察處置等使。
Lu Jianfang took Cangzhou and Yichang on yiyou. Xiao Zhi joined the council on yiwei. Xiantong 6 opened on guiwei. Kong Wenyu left Hedong for Yanzhou and Tianping on dinghai.
32
二月，制以御史中丞徐商為兵部侍郎、同平章事。 高璩罷知政事。 以吏部尚書崔慎由、吏部侍郎鄭從讜、吏部侍郎王鐸、兵部員外郎崔謹張彥遠等考宏詞選人； 金部員外郎張乂思、大理少卿董賡試拔萃選人。 以給事中楊嚴為工部侍郎，尋召為翰林學士。
Xu Shang joined the council in the second month. Gao Cong left the council. Cui Shenyou, Zheng Congdang, Wang Duo, Cui Jin, and Zhang Yanyuan examined macro-words candidates; Zhang Yisi and Dong Yun examined outstanding candidates. Yang Yan became vice minister of works and entered the Hanlin.
33
四月，西川節度使牛叢奏於蠻界築新城、安城、遏戎州功畢。 時南詔蠻入寇姚、雋，陳許大將顏復戍雋州新築二城。 其年秋，六姓蠻攻遏戎州，為復所敗，退去。 兵部侍郎、平章事徐商、蕭寘轉中書侍郎、知政事。
Niu Cong reported new border forts in the fourth month. Nanzhao raided Yao and Yun while Yan Fu held the new Yun forts. Six Surname tribes attacked Ezhou and were beaten back that autumn. Xu Shang and Xiao Zhi became secretariat vice directors.
34
五月，以左丞楊知溫為河南尹，以神策大將軍馬舉為秦州經略招討使，以右金吾大將軍李宴元為夏州刺史、朔方節度等使。 安南都護高駢奏于邕管大敗林邑蠻。
In the fifth month, Yang Zhiwen, left assistant director, was made prefect of Henan; Ma Ju, grand general of the Divine Strategy Army, became Qinzhou defense and pacification commissioner; and Li Yanyuan, grand general of the Right Golden Guard, became prefect of Xiazhou and military commissioner of Shuofang. Gao Pian reported crushing Linyi at Yong.
35
七月，以右衛大將軍薛綰檢校工部尚書、徐州刺史，充徐泗團練觀察防禦等使。
Xue Guan took Xuzhou in the seventh month.
36
九月，以中書舍人趙騭權知禮部貢舉； 以吏部侍郎蕭仿檢校禮部尚書、滑州刺史、御史大夫，充義成軍節度、判滑潁觀察等使。
Zhao Qi oversaw the examination in the ninth month; Xiao Fang, vice minister of personnel, was made acting minister of rites, prefect of Hua, and censor-in-chief, and was appointed military commissioner of Yicheng with charge of observation for Hua and Ying.
37
十二月，太皇太后鄭氏崩，諡曰孝明。 是歲秋，高駢自海門進軍破蠻軍，收復安南府。 自李琢失政，交趾湮沒十年，蠻軍北寇邕容界，人不聊生，至是方復故地。 咸通七年春正月戊寅朔，以太皇太后喪罷元會。
Grand Empress Dowager Zheng died as Xiaoming in the twelfth month. That autumn Gao Pian recovered Annan from Haimen. Ten years after Li Zhuo, Annan was restored and the border breathed again. Xiantong 7 canceled New Year for the grand empress dowager's mourning.
38
三月，成德軍節度、鎮冀深趙等州觀察處置等使、金紫光祿大夫、檢校司空、鎮州大都督府長史、御史大夫、太原縣開國伯、食邑七百戶、襲食實封一百戶王紹懿卒，贈司徒。 紹鼎之弟，俱壽安公主之子也。 三軍推紹鼎子景崇知兵馬留後事。 就加幽州張允伸兼太保、平章事，進封燕國公。 以吏部侍郎鄭從讜檢校禮部尚書、兼太原尹、北都留守、御史大夫、上柱國、滎陽縣開國男、食邑三百戶，充河東節度管內觀察處置等使。
In the third month Wang Shaoyi died. He had been military commissioner of Chengde, observation-disposition commissioner for Zhen, Ji, Shen, and Zhao, Gold-Purple Grand Master of Splendid Happiness, acting minister of works, chief secretary of the Zhenzhou grand commandery, censor-in-chief, and founding earl of Taiyuan county with seven hundred households and an inherited real fief of one hundred households; he was posthumously presented as minister over the masses. He was Shao-ding's brother and Princess Shou'an's son. The three armies backed Shaoding's son Jingchong as acting commander of the troops. Zhang Yunshen became grand protector, councillor, and Duke of Yan. Zheng Congdang took Taiyuan and Hedong.
39
四月，壽安公主上表請入朝，詔曰：「志興奏汝以景崇未降恩命，欲來朝覲事，具悉。 景崇素聞孝悌，頗有義方，洽三軍愛戴之情，荷千里折沖之寄。 纘乃舊服，綽有令猷，朝廷獎能，續有處分。 緣孝明太后園寢有日，庶事且停，候祔廟禮成，當允誠請。」
In the fourth month Princess Shou'an memorialized requesting audience; an edict: "Zhi-xing's memorial that because Jingchong lacks an edict of grace you wish to come to court is understood. —Jingchong is filial and loved by the armies— —he holds the old fief with sound plans; the court will reward merit in due course. Because Empress Dowager Xiaoming's park tomb nears completion, affairs pause; after enshrinement your sincere request will be granted."
40
七月，沙州節度使張義潮進甘峻山青鷹四聯、延慶節馬二匹、吐蕃女子二人。 僧曇延進《大乘百法門明論》等。
In the seventh month Zhang Yichao sent hawks, horses, and Tibetan women from Shazhou. Monk Tan Yan presented Mahayana treatises.
41
八月，鎮州王景崇起復忠武將軍、左金吾衛將軍同正、檢校右散騎常侍，兼鎮州大都督府左司馬、知府事、御史中丞，充成德軍節度觀察留後。 上柱國、賜紫金魚袋、中書侍郎、平章事徐商兼工部尚書。
In the eighth month Wang Jingchong of Zhenzhou was recalled from mourning as Loyal Martial General, regular-status general of the Left Golden Guard, and acting right attendant cavalier, concurrently left marshal of the Zhenzhou grand commandery, acting prefect, and vice censor-in-chief, and was made provisional military and observation commander of Chengde. Xu Shang added minister of works.
42
十月，沙州張義潮奏：差回鶻首領僕固俊與吐蕃大將尚恐熱交戰，大敗蕃寇，斬尚恐熱，傳首京師。 右僕射、門下侍郎、平章事夏侯孜檢校司空、平章事，兼成都尹、劍南西川節度等副大使、知節度使。 安南高駢奏蠻寇悉平。
Zhang Yichao reported Pu-gu Jun beheaded Shang Kong-re and sent the head to court. Xiahou Zi took Chengdu and Jiannan West. Gao Pian reported Annan pacified.
43
十一月十日，禦宣政殿，大赦，以復安南故也。 以翰林學士承旨、戶部侍郎路岩為兵部侍郎、同平章事。 義成軍節度蕭仿就加檢校兵部尚書，褒能政也。 以禮部郎中李景溫、吏部員外郎高湘試拔萃選人。 咸通八年春正月壬寅朔。 丁未，河中、晉、絳地大震，盧舍壓僕傷人，有死者。
On the eleventh month's tenth he amnestied for Annan's recovery at Xuanzheng Hall. Lu Yan joined the council from the Hanlin. Xiao Fang gained acting war minister for good rule. Li Jingwen and Gao Xiang examined outstanding candidates. Xiantong 8 opened on renyin. On dingwei a great earthquake wrecked Hezhong, Jin, and Jiang.
44
三月，安南高駢奏：「南至邕管，水路湍險，巨石梗途，令工人開鑿訖，漕船無滯者。」 降詔褒之。 制以門下侍郎、兼戶部尚書平章事、上柱國、晉陽縣開國男、食邑三百戶、賜紫金魚袋楊收檢校兵部尚書，充浙江西道觀察使； 以浙西觀察使杜審權守尚書左僕射； 以兵部侍郎于忭本官同平章事。
In the third month Annan Gao Pian memorialized: "South to Yong the water route is treacherous with boulders blocking the way; workers have finished cutting it and transport ships no longer stall." The throne praised him. An order made Yang Shou, vice director of the Chancellery, concurrent minister of revenue, grand councillor, supreme pillar of state, founding baron of Jinyang county with three hundred households, and holder of the purple robe and gold fish-bag, acting minister of war and observation commissioner of Zhexi; Du Shenquan kept acting left minister; Yu Lin joined the council.
45
九月丁酉，延資庫使曹確奏：
On dingyou Cao Que memorialized on the Extended Treasury:
46
「戶部每年合送當使三月、九月兩限絹二十一萬四千一百匹，錢萬貫，自大中八年已後，至咸通四年，積欠一百五十萬五千七百餘貫匹。 前使杜忭申奏，請起咸通五年正月以後，于諸道州府場監院合送戶部八十文除陌錢內，割十五文當使收管，以填積欠。 續據戶部牒稱，州府除陌錢有折色零碎，請起咸通五年所合送延資庫錢絹，逐年兩限須足，其除陌十五文，當司仍舊收管。 前使夏侯孜具事由申奏，且請依戶部論請期限。 其咸通五年錢絹，戶部已送納。 自六年至八年，其錢絹依前不旋送納，又積欠三十六萬五千五百七貫匹者。 伏以所置延資庫，初以備邊為名，至大中三年始改今號。 若財貨不充，則名額虛設。 當制置之時，所令三司逐年分減送當使收管。 元敕只有錢數，但令本司減割送庫，不定色目。 以此因循，漸隳舊制，年月既久，積欠漸多。 既無計以徵收，乃指色以取濟，稍稱備邊名號，得遵元敕指揮。 乃割戶部除陌八十文內十五文收管，及戶部請逐年送庫，須且稟從。 今既積欠又多，終慮不及期限。 臣今酌量諸道州府場監院合送戶部錢絹內分配，令勒留下合送延資庫數目，令本處別為綱運，與戶部綱同送上都，直納延資庫，則戶部免有逋懸，不至累年積欠。」 從之。
"Each year the Ministry of Revenue was supposed to send this command two installments, in the third and ninth months: 214,100 bolts of silk and 10,000 strings of cash. From Dazhong 8 through Xiantong 4, the accumulated arrears reached more than 1,505,700 strings and bolts. Du Cong had sought fifteen cash per discount coin from Xian-tong 5. A subsequent dispatch from the Ministry of Revenue said that prefectural discount cash included commuted payments and odd fragments; starting with the money and silk owed to the Yanzi Treasury in the fifth year of Xiantong, the two annual installments should be paid in full each year, while this office would continue to collect the fifteen-cash discount as before. Xiahou Zi had asked to follow Households' schedule. Xian-tong 5 was paid. Years six through eight added another 365,507 owed. The Extended Treasury was meant for the border since Dazhong 3. Empty funds make an empty title. The three ministries once sent yearly shares. The original edict fixed cash, not goods. Year by year debt grew. They now taxed discount coin to match the border mandate. The fifteen-cash cut and yearly payment awaited assent. Debt now threatens deadlines. I now apportion from each circuit's Households deliveries, retain the Extended Treasury share locally, and send separate convoys with Households convoys to the capital direct to the Extended Treasury—Households avoids suspension and years of debt." The throne assented.
47
十月丙寅，戶部侍郎、判度支崔彥昭奏：「當司應收管江、淮諸道州府咸通八年已前兩稅榷酒及支米價，並二十文除陌諸色屬省錢，准舊例逐年商人投狀便換。 自南蠻用兵已來，置供軍使，當司在諸州府場監錢，猶有商人便換，齎省司便換文牒至本州府請領，皆被諸州府稱准供軍使指揮占留。 以此商人疑惑，乃致當司支用不充。 乞下諸道州府場監院依限送納及給還商人，不得托稱占留者。」 敕旨從之。 宰相、門下侍郎、戶部尚書曹確兼吏部尚書，門下侍郎、禮部尚書路岩兼戶部尚書，中書侍郎、工部尚書徐商兼刑部尚書，兵部侍郎、平章事於忭為中書侍郎。 以中書舍人劉允章權知禮部貢舉，以吏部侍郎盧匡、吏部侍郎李蔚、兵部員外郎薛崇、司勳員外郎崔殷夢考吏部宏詞選人。 咸通九年春正月丙申，以吏部侍郎李蔚檢校刑部尚書、汴州刺史、御史大夫，充宣武節度、汴宋亳觀察處置等使。 幽州節度使張允伸就加檢校太傅。 以兵部員外郎焦瀆、司勳員外郎李岳考宏詞選人。
Cui Yanzhao memorialized: "This ministry should collect the Jiang-Huai circuits' Xiantong 8 and earlier provincial funds and restore the old practice of yearly merchant exchange by petition. Since the southern campaign, army-supply offices have blocked merchant exchanges by citing supply orders. Merchants therefore hesitated, leaving this ministry short of funds. I request that all circuits deliver on schedule and repay merchants, without using detention as a pretext." The throne assented. Among the chief ministers, Cao Que, vice director of the Chancellery and minister of revenue, concurrently became minister of personnel; Lu Yan, vice director of the Chancellery and minister of rites, concurrently became minister of revenue; Xu Shang, vice director of the Secretariat and minister of works, concurrently became minister of punishments; and Yu Bian, vice minister of war and grand councillor, became vice director of the Secretariat. Liu Yunzhang examined candidates; Lu Kuang and others judged macro-words. Li Wei took Bianzhou and Xuanwu in the first month. Zhang Yunshen gained acting grand preceptor. Jiao Du and Li Yue examined macro-words candidates.
48
七月戊戌，白虹橫亙西方。 其月，徐州赴桂林戍卒五百人，官健許佶、趙可立殺其將王仲甫，以糧料判官龐勳為都頭，剽掠湘潭、衡山兩縣，有眾千人，擅還本鎮。
A white rainbow crossed the west in the seventh month. Xuzhou garrison troops made Pang Xun chief and plundered home toward Xu.
49
九月辛卯朔。 甲午，龐勳陷宿州，知州判官焦潞奔歸於徐。 乙未，龐勳陷徐州，殺節度使崔彥曾、判官焦潞、李稅溫延皓、崔蘊、韋廷乂，惟免監軍張道謹。 遂出徐、宿官庫錢帛，召募凶徒，不旬日其徒五萬。 勳抗表請罪，仍命群凶邀求節鉞。 上遣中使因而撫之。 賊令別將梁伾守宿州，以姚周為柳子寨主，又遣劉行及、丁景琮、吳玫迥攻圍泗州。 十月，詔征河南、河東、山南諸道之師。 貶浙西觀察使楊收為端州司馬同正，收弟前浙東觀察使、越州刺史、御史中丞嚴為韶州刺史，檢校工部尚書、洪州刺史、鎮南節度、江南西道觀察處置等使嚴譔長流嶺南。 賊攻泗州勢急，淮南節度使令狐綯慮失泗口，為賊奔沖，乃令大將李湘赴援，為賊所誘，示弱乞降，乘其無備，為賊所襲，舉軍皆沒。 湘與都監郭厚本俱為賊所執，送徐州。
The ninth month's xinmao was new moon. On jiawu Pang Xun took Suzhou; Jiao Lu fled to Xu. On yiwei Pang Xun took Xuzhou and killed Cui Yanzeng's staff, sparing Zhang Daojin. Within ten days Pang Xun had fifty thousand from Xu and Su treasuries. Xun begged pardon while demanding the commission. Palace envoys were sent to soothe the rebels. Rebel columns besieged Sizhou and held Suzhou. Henan, Hedong, and Shannan troops were levied in the tenth month. Yang Shou, observation commissioner of Zhexi, was demoted to regular-status marshal of Duanzhou; his younger brother Yang Yan, formerly observation commissioner of Zhedong, prefect of Yuezhou, and vice censor-in-chief, was demoted to prefect of Shaozhou; and Yan Zhuan, acting minister of works, prefect of Hongzhou, military commissioner of Zhennan, and observation-disposition commissioner of Jiangnan West, was permanently exiled to Lingnan. Li Xiang's relief force was destroyed by feigned surrender. Li Xiang and Guo Houben were captured.
50
十一月庚寅朔。 丁酉戌時，妖星初出，如匹練亙空，化為雲，沒在楚分。 吳迥既執李湘，乃令小將張行簡、吳約攻滁州。 城內無兵，有淮南游奕兵三百人在州界，見賊至，徑來奔郡，賊乘之，遂陷滁州。 張行簡執刺史高錫望，手刃之，屠其城而去。 行簡又進攻和州，刺史崔雍登城樓謂吳迥曰：「城中玉帛、女子不敢惜，只勿取天子城池。」 賊許之，遂剽城中居民，殺判官張琢，以琢浚城壕故也。 龐勳又令將劉贄攻濠州，陷之，囚刺史盧望回於回車館，望回鬱憤而死，僕妾數人皆為賊蒸而食之。
The eleventh month's gengyin was new moon. An omen star crossed the sky at dingyou and vanished in Chu. Wu Mei sent officers against Chuzhou. Chuzhou fell to a ruse when patrol troops fled in. Zhang Xingjian killed Gao Xiwang and slaughtered Chuzhou. Xingjian then attacked Hezhou; prefect Cui Yong stood on the tower and told Wu Mei: "Silks, jade, and women in the city we dare not begrudge—only do not take the Son of Heaven's prefectural seat." They plundered Hezhou and killed Zhang Zhuo for deepening the moat. Haozhou fell; Lu Wanghui died in captivity and maidservants were eaten.
51
十二月庚辰朔，將軍戴可師率沙陀、吐渾部落二萬人，於淮南與賊轉戰，賊黨屢敗，盡棄淮南之守。 是歲，江、淮蝗食稼，大旱。 龐勳奏：「當道先發戍嶺南兵士三千人春冬衣，今欲差人送赴邕管。」 鄂岳觀察使劉允章上書言； 「龐勳聚徒十萬，今若遣人達嶺表，如戍卒與勳合勢，則禍難非細。」 尋詔龐勳止絕，兼令江、淮諸道紀綱捕之。 咸通十年春正月己未朔，以徐州用兵罷元會。 癸亥，以右拾遺韋保衡為銀青光祿大夫、守起居郎、駙馬都尉，尚皇女同昌公主，出降之日，禮儀甚盛。 以神武大將軍王晏權檢校工部尚書、徐州刺史、御史大夫，充武寧軍節度、徐泗濠觀察，兼徐州北路行營招討等使，智興之從子也； 以將軍硃克誠充北路招討都虞候； 王宥北路招討前軍使。 以翰林學士、戶部侍郎劉瞻守本官同平章事。 中書侍郎、兼戶部尚書、平章事蔣伸為太子太保，罷知政事，病免也。 以門下侍郎、兼刑部尚書、同平章事徐商檢校兵部尚書、江陵尹、荊南節度使。 以右神策大將軍、知軍使、兼御史大夫、上柱國、龍陽縣開國伯、食邑一千戶康承訓可金紫光祿大夫、檢校刑部尚書、兼右神策大將軍、御史大夫、上柱國、扶風郡開國公、食邑一千五百戶，充徐泗行營都招討使； 又以將軍李邵為徐州南路行營招討都虞候； 以將軍史忠用為潁州行營都知兵馬使； 將軍馬澹為徐州行營都知兵馬使； 將軍董濤充盧州行營都知兵馬使； 將軍戴可師充曹州行營招討使； 將軍硃邪赤心充太原行營招討使、沙陀三部落等軍使； 將軍王建充淮泗行營招討使； 將軍曹翔充兗海節度行營招討使； 將軍馬舉為揚州都督府司馬，充淮南行營招討使； 將軍高羅銳為楚州刺史，本州行營招討使； 將軍秦匡謨為濠州刺吏，本州行營如討使，李播為宿州刺史，赴盧州行營招討使； 以將軍孟彪為太僕卿，充都糧料使。 凡十八將，分董諸道之兵七萬三千一十五人，正月一日進軍攻徐州。 魏博何弘敬奏當道點檢兵馬一萬三千赴行營。 時賊將劉行及、丁景琮、吳迥攻圍泗州，可師乘勝救之，屯於石樑驛。 賊自退去，可師追擊，生擒劉行及，賊保都梁城，乃斷行及之指，懸於城下以示賊。 賊登城拜曰：「見與都頭謀歸朝。」 可師既知其窘，乃退軍五里。 其城西面有水，三面大軍，賊乃夜中涉水而遁。 明早開城門，惟病嫗數人而已。 王師入壘未整，翌日詰旦重霧，賊軍大至，可師方大醉，單馬奔出，為虹縣人郭真所殺，一軍盡沒，惟忠武、太原、沙陀之騎軍保全而退。 副將王健為賊所擒，劉行及卻為賊將吳迥所得，吳迥乃進軍復圍泗州。 自是梯沖雲合，內外不通。 龐勳恃其驟勝，遣人上表，詞語不恭，又與康承訓書，指斥朝政。 王晏權者，智興之猶子也，故授以武寧節制以招之，以冀招懷。 徐人怨王式之誅，相扇構亂，數月招攜，啖之以利，民闕卒無革心者。 康承訓大軍攻宿州，賊將梁伾出戰屢敗，乃授承訓檢校尚書右僕射，靈滑州刺史、義成軍節度使。 責授端州司馬楊收長流驩州，與嚴譔並賜死于路； 其党楊公慶、嚴季實、楊全益、史明、廉遂、何師玄、李孟勳、馬全祐、李羽、王彥復等長流儋、崖、播等州； 判官硃偘、常濆、閻均等配流嶺南。 以河中節度使、開府儀同三司、檢校司徒、平章事、上柱國、譙郡開國公、食邑二千戶夏候孜為太子少保，分司東都。 時南平蠻寇西川，責孜在蜀日失政也。
Dai Keshi's Shatuo and Tuhun routed the rebels in Huainan. Locusts and drought ravaged Jiang-Huai that year. Pang Xun memorialized: "This circuit first sent three thousand garrison troops to Lingnan with spring and winter clothing; we now wish to send men to deliver them to Yong." Liu Yunzhang warned: "Pang Xun has gathered one hundred thousand men; if envoys reach Lingnan the garrison may join him—the calamity would be grave." The court stopped Pang Xun's envoys and ordered his capture. Xiantong 10 canceled New Year for the Xu campaign. We Baohang married Princess Tongchang with grand ritual on guihai. Wang Yanquan, Zhi-xing's nephew, took Wuning and the northern Xu campaign; Zhu Kecheng was vice pacifier; Wang You led the vanguard. Liu Zhan joined the council from the Hanlin. Jiang Shen retired ill as junior tutor. Xu Shang, vice director of the Chancellery, concurrent minister of punishments, and grand councillor, was made acting minister of war, prefect of Jiangling, and military commissioner of Jingnan. Kang Chengxun, grand general of the Right Divine Strategy Army, acting army commissioner, concurrent censor-in-chief, supreme pillar of state, and founding earl of Longyang county with one thousand households, was made Gold-Purple Grand Master of Splendid Happiness, acting minister of punishments, concurrent grand general of the Right Divine Strategy Army, censor-in-chief, supreme pillar of state, and founding duke of Fufeng commandery with fifteen hundred households, and was appointed overall pacification commissioner of the Xu-Si campaign; Li Shao was southern vice pacifier; Shi Zhongyong knew troops at Yingzhou; Ma Dan knew troops at Xu; Dong Tao knew troops at Lu; Dai Keshi pacified Cao; Zhu Ye Chixin led Shatuo at Taiyuan; Wang Jian pacified Huai-Si; Cao Xiang pacified Yanhai; Ma Ju pacified Huainan; General Gao Luorui was made prefect of Chuzhou and pacification commissioner for that prefecture’s campaign; General Qin Kuangmo was made prefect of Haozhou and pacification commissioner for that prefecture’s campaign; Li Bo was made prefect of Suzhou and sent as pacification commissioner for the Luzhou campaign; Meng Biao supplied grain. Eighteen generals led seventy-three thousand men against Xu on New Year's first day. Weibo sent thirteen thousand troops. Dai Keshi relieved Sizhou while rebels besieged it. Keshi captured Liu Xingji; rebels displayed his severed fingers. The bandits on the wall bowed: "We wish to plot return with the company chief." Keshi withdrew five li when they feigned distress. The rebels waded out at midnight past the western water. At dawn only sick old women remained in the city. Dai Keshi was killed drunk in fog; only cavalry escaped. Wang Jian was captured; Sizhou was besieged again. Sizhou was cut off by siege engines. Pang Xun insulted the court in memorials and letters. Wang Yanquan was sent to win Xu by kinship with Zhi-xing. Months of blandishment could not turn Xu after Wang Shi's slaughter. When Kang Chengxun’s main army attacked Suzhou and the rebel general Liang Pi came out repeatedly to fight and was defeated, Chengxun was made acting right vice director of the Department of State Affairs, prefect of Ling-Hua, and military commissioner of Yicheng. Yang Shou and Yan Zan were executed in exile; their faction was banished to Dan, Ya, and Bo; Aides were sent to Lingnan. Xiahou Zi, military commissioner of Hezhong, grandee of palace leisure with the three excellencies, acting minister over the masses, grand councillor, supreme pillar of state, and founding duke of Qiao commandery with two thousand households, was made junior guardian of the crown prince with duties at the eastern capital. Southern raids blamed his Shu misrule.
52
二月己丑，龐勳急攻泗州，遣牙將李員入城見刺史杜慆曰：「留後知中丞名族，不敢令軍士失禮，但開城門，令百姓存活，無相疑也。」 慆執而殺之。 詔司農卿薛瓊使淮南盧、壽、楚等州，點集鄉兵以自固。
On jichou of the second month Pang Xun pressed Sizhou; he sent officer Li Yuan into the city to tell prefect Du Tao: "The regent knows the commissioner's noble house and dares not let the soldiers commit any discourtesy. Only open the city gate, let the common people survive, and do not distrust one another." Du Tao killed Li Yuan. Xue Qiong mustered Huainan militia.
53
四月，康承訓奏大敗柳子寨賊，詔監軍楊玄價與康承訓商量，拔汴河水以灌宿州。
Chengxun won at Willow Fort; Bian water was to flood Suzhou.
54
六月丁亥朔。 戊戌，制曰：
The sixth month's dinghai was new moon. On wuxu a drought edict opened:
55
「動天地者莫若精誠，致和平者莫若修政。 朕顧惟庸昧，托于王公之上，于茲十一年矣。 祗荷丕構，寅畏小心，慕唐堯之欽若昊天，遵周王之昭事上帝。 念茲夙夜，靡替虔恭，同馭朽之憂勤，思納隍之軫慮。 內戒奢靡，外罷畋遊，匪敢期於雍熙，所自得于清淨，止望寰區無事，稼穡有年。 然而燭理不明，涉道唯淺，氣多堙鬱，誠未感通。 旱是虞，蟲螟為害，蠻蜒未賓於遐裔，寇盜復蠹于中原。 尚駕戎車，益調兵食，俾黎元之重困，每宵旰而忘安。 今盛夏驕陽，時雨久曠，憂勤兆庶，旦夕焦勞。 內修香火以虔祈，外罄牲玉以精禱。 仰俟玄貺，必致甘滋。 而油雲未興，秋稼闕望，因茲愆亢，軫於誠懷。 矧復暴政煩刑，強官酷吏，侵漁蠹耗，陷害孤煢，致有冤抑之人，構成災沴之氣。 主守長吏，無忘奉公。 伐叛興師，蓋非獲已，除奸討逆，必使當辜，苟或陷及平人，自然風雨愆候。 凡行營將帥，切在審詳，昭示惻憫之心，敬聽勤恤之旨。 應京城天下諸州府見禁囚徒，除十惡忤逆、官典犯贓、故意殺人、合造毒藥、放火持仗、開劫墳墓及關連徐州逆黨外，並宜量罪輕重，速令決遣，無久系留。 雷雨不同，田疇方瘁，誠宜湣物，以示好生。 其京城未降雨間，宜令坊市權斷屠宰。 昨陝虢中使回，方知蝗旱有損處，諸道長史，分憂共理，宜各推公，共思濟物。 內有饑歉，切在慰安，哀此蒸人，毋俾艱食。 徐方寇孽未殄，師旅有征，凡合誅鋤，審分淑慝，無令脅從橫死，元惡偷生。 宜申告伐之文，使知逆順之理。 於戲！ 每思禹、湯之罪己，其庶成、康之措刑。 孰謂德信未孚，教化猶梗。 咨爾多士，俾予一人，既引過在躬，亦漸幾於理。 佈告中外，稱朕意焉。」 賊將鄭鎰急攻壽州，詔南面招討使馬舉救之，賊解圍而去。 康承訓悉兵攻賊小睢寨，不利而退。
"Sincerity moves heaven; good government brings peace. Eleven years on the throne we have revered heaven— —emulating Yao and Zhou in reverence— —yet drought, locusts, barbarians, and Xu rebels torment the realm— —we ceased hunts and luxury yet peace eludes us— —qi is blocked and sincerity fails— —drought, locusts, barbarians, and bandits together— —war and grain levies redouble hardship— —midsummer drought pains us— —we pray with incense and jade— —awaiting sweet rain— —yet clouds do not rise and autumn fails— —harsh officials create wronged souls and baleful qi— —magistrates must serve the public— —punish only the guilty lest weather turn— —generals must show compassion— —release prisoners except grave crimes and Xu rebels— —show mercy while fields wither— —halt slaughter in the capital until rain— —circuit chancellors must relieve locust damage— —comfort the starving— —distinguish Xu ringleaders from the coerced— —proclaim punitive expedition texts. Alas! —we blame ourselves as Yu and Tang did— —yet virtue seems not to reach the people— —help us restore order after our confession. Proclaim within and without according to our intent." Thus ended the drought edict; Zheng Yi besieged Shouzhou until Ma Ju relieved it. Chengxun failed at the small Sui fort.
56
七月，康承訓攻賊柳子寨，垂克而賊將王弘立救至，王師大敗，承訓退保宋州。 龐勳乘勝自率徐州勁卒並攻泗州，留其都將許佶守徐州。 詔南面招討使馬舉為行營都招討使，代承訓率諸軍以援泗州。
Wang Hongli routed Chengxun at Willow Fort in the seventh month. Pang Xun left Xu Ji and stormed Sizhou. Ma Ju replaced Chengxun to save Sizhou.
57
八月，和州防虞行官石侔等一百三十人狀訴刺史崔雍，稱：「賊初劫烏江縣，雍令步奏官二人探知，雍猶不信，二人並被枷杻。 續差人探見賊已去州十里。 賊尋逼州城，崔雍與賊頭吳約於鼓角樓上飲酒，許與賊州。 又認軍事判官李譙為親弟，表狀驅使官張立為男，只乞二人並身，其餘將士一任處置。 便令押衙李詞等各脫下衣甲，防虞官健束手被斬者八百餘人。 行官石瓊脫衣甲稍遲，便被崔雍遣賊處斬。 其崔雍所有料錢並家口，累差人押送往採石，今在潤州。 豈有將一千人兵士之命，贖拔己之一身，不惟辜其神明，實亦生負聖主。 兼科配軍州官吏修葺城池，妄稱出料錢修城者。」 敕曰：「臣子之節，無如盡忠； 士人之風，宜當遠恥。 崔雍任居牧守，賊犯州城，禦捍曾不發言，從容乃與命酒。 況石瓊未脫衣甲，志在當鋒，不能獎其赤誠，翻令擒送賊所。 原其深意，與賊通和，臣節全虧，情狀可見，欲行朝典，宜更推窮。 其崔雍家口並在宣州，宜令宣歙觀察使追崔雍收禁速勘，逐具事由申奏。」 是月，馬舉率師解泗州之圍，賊黨遁去。 敕曰：「當崔雍守郡之日，是龐勳肆逆之初。 屬狂寇奔沖，望風和好，置酒以邀賊將，啟關而納凶徒。 城內不許持兵，皆令解甲，致使三軍百姓，抆血相視，連頭受誅。 初聞奏陳，深駭觀聽。 錫望守城而死，已有追榮； 杜慆孤壘獲全，尋加殊獎。 既褒忠節，難赦罪人，玉石固分，懲勸斯在。 將垂誡于四海，當何愛於一夫。 其崔雍宜差內養孟公度專往宣州，賜自盡。」 公度至，雍死于陵陽館，其男黨兒、歸僧配流康州，錮身遞送。 司勳郎中崔原貶柳州司戶，比部員外郎崔福昭州司戶，長安縣令崔朗澧州司戶，左拾遺崔庚連州司戶，荊南觀察支使崔序衡州司戶，皆雍之親黨也。
In the eighth month one hundred thirty Hezhou defense clerks led by Shi Mou memorialized against prefect Cui Yong: " —he shackled scouts who reported bandits— —he only believed at ten li— —he drank with Wu Yue and promised the city— —he begged his own life while officers were killed— —eight hundred soldiers were beheaded— —Shi Qiong was executed for slow disarming— —his wealth reached Runzhou— —he ransomed himself with a thousand lives—" —he falsely taxed for walls." Thus ended the memorial. An edict opened against Cui Yong: —he drank with bandits instead of defending— —he sent Shi Qiong to the bandits— —investigate further before court law. Cui Yong's household is in Xuanzhou; order Xuan-She observation commissioner to seize Yong, detain, and quickly investigate and report." Ma Ju broke the Sizhou siege that month. Edict: "When Cui Yong held the prefecture Pang Xun first rebelled. —he opened the gate and drank with rebels— —disarming the city brought mass slaughter— —the memorial shocked the court— —Gao Xiwang was honored for dying at his post— —Du Tao was rewarded for holding out— —loyalty is rewarded; guilt cannot be spared— —the realm must be warned— Cui Yong shall have inner custodian Meng Gongdu go to Xuanzhou and grant self-death." Yong died at Lingyang; kin were banished. Cui Yuan, director in the Bureau of Merit Titles, was demoted to registrar of Liuzhou; Cui Fu, vice director in the Bureau of Review, to registrar of Shaozhou; Cui Lang, magistrate of Chang’an county, to registrar of Lizhou; Cui Geng, left remonstrance officer, to registrar of Lianzhou; and Cui Xu, observation aide in Jingnan, to registrar of Hengzhou. All were Yong’s kin and faction.
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九月，賊宿州守將張玄稔以城降，有兵萬人，馬舉率師赴之。 龐勳聞之，以其眾將攻玄稔。 玄稔，賊之勁將也，遂與舉合勢，急圍徐州。 許佶登城拒守者三日，佶敗走出。 玄稔收復徐州，龐勳方來赴援，聞城已拔，欲南趨濠州，馬舉追及渙河，擊敗之，勳溺水而死。 蕭縣主將又斬許佶首來降，徐寇悉平。 初，龐勳據徐州，倉庫素無貯蓄，乃令群凶四出，于揚、楚、盧、壽、滁、和、兗、海、沂、密、曹、濮等州界剽牛馬輓運糧糗，以夜繼晝。 招致亡命，有眾二十萬，男女十五已上，皆令執兵，其人皆舒鋤鉤為兵，號曰「霍錐」。 首尾周歲，十餘郡生靈，受其酷毒，至是盡平。 與玄稔詔曰：「去歲災興分野，毒起徐方，蕞爾庸夫，稱兵犯命，招諭不復，倡狂罔悛，脅從三州之人，污染萬姓之俗。 逆順之理，邪正坐分，果有忠臣，悉殲逆黨，再清郡邑，不舉干戈。 此皆眾人協心，合州受福。 但以首尾周歲，取制凶威，里閭不安，農桑失業，言念於此，倍積憂懷。 已有詔指揮，今授玄稔銀青光祿大夫、檢校右散騎常侍、兼右驍衛大將軍、御史大夫，賜分帛五千匹、金榼一枚、蓋碗一具、金腰帶一條。 軍將張皋已下二十人，等第優給。 今差高品李志承押領宣賜。」 制曰：
Zhang Xuanzheng surrendered Suzhou in the ninth month. Pang Xun marched on Xuanzheng. Xuanzheng joined Ma Ju to besiege Xu. Xu Ji fled after three days. Xuanzheng took Xu; Pang Xun drowned fleeing south. Xu Ji was beheaded; the rebellion ended. Pang Xun had emptied treasuries and plundered ten circuits for grain. Two hundred thousand bore hoe-blades called "Huo awls." A year of cruelty across ten prefectures ended. Edict to Xuanzheng: "Last year disaster rose in Xu's quarter; this petty fellow raised arms in rebellion; persuasion did not return him; he led three prefectures astray and poisoned the myriad people. —loyal ministers destroyed rebels and cleared prefectures— —the people united in blessing— —a year of ruin grieves us— An edict had already directed this: Xuanren was now granted the rank of Silver-Blue Grand Master of Splendid Happiness, acting right attendant cavalier, concurrent grand general of the Right Brave Guard, and censor-in-chief, and was given five thousand bolts of silk, one gold cup, one covered bowl, and one gold belt. —twenty officers receive graded gifts— Now send high officer Li Zhicheng to deliver the grace." A victory edict opened:
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「朕以眇身，獲承丕業，虔恭惕厲，十一載於茲。 況荷十七聖之鴻休，紹三百年之慶祚，將求理本，敢忘宵衣。 雖誠信未孚，而寅畏不怠，既絕意于苑囿，固無心于畋遊，業業兢兢，日慎一日。 休征罔應，沴氣潛生，南蠻將罷于戰爭，徐寇忽孤于惠養。 招諭不至，虐暴滋深，竊弄干戈，擅攻州鎮。 將邀符印，輒恣凶殲，不畏神祗，自貽覆滅。 股肱之臣，以罪惡之難舍； 腹心之眾，謂悖逆之可誅。 爰征甲兵，用救塗炭，上將宣力，內臣協心。 選用皆得於良材，掃蕩才及於周歲，誅幹紀反常之噍類，懲亂臣賊子之奸謀。
"We in our minute person received the great enterprise; reverent and cautious eleven years. We bear seventeen sages' vast fortune and three hundred years' blessing; seeking governance's root we dare not forget dawn robes. Though faith is not yet sincere we do not slacken in awe; having ceased park pleasures we have no heart for hunts—diligent day by day. Good omens do not answer; baleful qi grows secretly; southern war nearly ends while Xu rebels suddenly lack kindness. Persuasion did not reach them; cruelty deepened; they toyed with weapons and seized prefectures at will. They sought the seal and slaughtered at will, not fearing spirits, bringing ruin on themselves. Arm and thigh ministers could not forgive such crime; Heart-and-belly officials said treason must be punished. We raised armor to save the charcoal; great generals exerted force; inner officials united hearts. Selection found able men; pacification took less than a year; we punished rebels and traitors.
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今則已及偃戈，重康黎庶。 疇庸之典，在絲發以無私； 懋賞之時，貴纖毫之必當。 其四面行營節度使，既成茂勳，宜加酬獎，並取別敕處分。 應諸道行營都將已下節級軍將，各委本道具功勞名銜，分析聞奏，當續有處分。 被堅執銳，冒涉寒暄，解甲橐弓，還鄉復業，頒繒帛之賜，免差役之征。 應四面行營將士，今既平寧，宜令次第放歸本道。 其賞賜匹段，已從別敕處分，到本道後，仍令節度使各犒宴放歸私第，便令歇息，未用差使。 如行營人，並免差科色役； 如本廂本將，今後有節級員闕，且以行營軍健量材差置，用酬征伐之勤。 臨敵用命，力屈殞身，須慰傷魂，以彰忠節。 超與職事，仍加任使。 如無父兄子弟，即有妻女者，即委州使厚加贈恤，常令安撫。 如是都將至都虞候陣亡者，與贈官。 應陣亡將士有父兄子弟願入軍者，便令本道填替。 如無父兄子弟，仍且與給衣糧三年。 因戰陣傷損手足永廢者，終身不得停給。 如將士被賊殺害者，委所在州縣量事救接，重與改瘞，勿令暴露，兼與設祭。
Now weapons are laid down and the people restored. Merit records must be without private favor; Reward time values every fiber. Four-sided campaign commissioners who achieved merit should be rewarded by separate edict. All circuit campaign generals below should report merit for continued disposition. Those who bore armor through cold and heat may lay down bow and return home with silk gifts and corvée exemption. Four-sided campaign soldiers now pacified should return circuit by circuit. Reward bolts are by separate edict; on arrival each commissioner shall feast and release them to rest without new assignments. Campaign men are exempt from corvée; where local posts lack officers, fill from campaign veterans by merit. Those who died in battle—comfort their wounded souls and honor loyalty. Advance them in office and still employ them. If no kin, comfort wives and daughters. Company chiefs to chief adjutants who died in battle receive posthumous office. Where soldiers had kin wishing to enter the army, let the circuit fill the post. Without kin, grant clothing and grain three years. Those maimed in battle receive support for life. Where soldiers were killed by bandits, prefectures shall relieve and rebury—do not expose corpses—and set libations.
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王者以仁恕為本，拯濟是謀，元惡既已誅鋤，脅從宜從寬宥。 除寵勳親屬及桂州回戈逆黨，為賊脅從及因戰陣拒敵官軍，招諭不悛，懼法逃走，皆非本惡，蓋鋒刃所驅，今並釋放，一切不問。 應舊軍將軍吏節級所由，既已歸還，征賦先宜蠲免。 其徐、宿、濠、泗等州應合征秋夏兩稅及諸色差科色役，一事已上，宜放十年，已後蠲放三年，待三年後續議條疏處分。 編甿失業，丘井無人，桑柘枌榆，鞠為茂草，應行營處百姓田宅產業為賊殘毀燒焚者，今既平甯，並許識認，各還本主，諸色人不得妄有侵佔。 九原可作，千載不忘，尚禁樵蘇，寧傷丘壟。 應有先賢墳墓碑記為人所知，被賊毀廢者，即與掩藏，仍量致祭。 自用兵已來，郡邑皆罹攻劫，遠念驚撓，尤在慰安。 今遣右散騎常侍劉異、兵部郎中薛崇等往彼宣撫。 於戲！ 朕以四海為家，兆人為子。 一物失所，每軫納隍之憂； 一方未甯，常負阽危之戒。 今元兇就戮，逆黨誅夷，載戢干戈，永銷氛昆，庶平妖氣，允洽嘉祥。 遐邇臣僚，當體予意。」
The king takes benevolence as root; the wicked are punished, the coerced pardoned. Except Pang Xun's kin, Guilin turncoat rebels, those coerced who fought the army and fled in fear—all released without question. Old officers and clerks returning are first exempt from levies. Xu, Su, Hao, and Si two-tax and corvée for autumn and summer are remitted ten years, then three years, then reconsider. Fields lost people and mulberry turned to grass; where campaign zones' fields were burned, owners may claim return—no encroachment. Nine plains may be worked; do not harm tombs. Known sage tombs and steles destroyed by bandits shall be buried and mourned. Since war began prefectures were raided—we send comfort. Now send Right Regular Attendant Liu Yi and War Bureau Director Xue Chong to comfort them. Alas! We take the four seas as home and the myriad as children. One thing lost pains our moat anguish; One quarter unsettled brings peril at the brink. Now the chief villain is slain and rebels purged; weapons are stored and baleful qi extinguished—may auspicious signs align. Near and far officers should embody our intent."
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制以徐州南面招討使、檢校尚書左僕射、右神武大將軍、權知淮南節度事、扶風縣開國伯、食邑一千戶馬舉可檢校司空，兼揚州大都督府長史、淮南節度副大使、知節度事； 以右武衛大將軍、徐州東南面招討使曹翔檢校兵部尚書，兼徐州刺史、御史大夫、徐泗濠團練防禦等使； 以前淮南節度使、檢校司空、平章事、上柱國、涼國公、食邑三千戶令狐綯為太子太保，分司東都。 魏博節度使、檢校太傅、同平章事何弘敬卒，三軍立其子全皞為兵馬留後。
An order made Ma Ju, southern pacification commissioner for Xuzhou, acting left vice director of the Department of State Affairs, grand general of the Right Divine Martial Guard, acting military commissioner of Huainan, and founding earl of Fufeng county with one thousand households, acting minister of works, concurrently chief secretary of the Yangzhou grand commandery, deputy military commissioner of Huainan, and acting head of the command; Cao Xiang took Xuzhou and Xu-Si-Hao; Linghu Tao retired to the eastern capital. He Hongjing, military commissioner of Weibo, acting grand mentor, and grand councillor, died; the three armies installed his son Quanhao as provisional commander of troops.
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十一月，南詔蠻驃信坦綽酋龍率眾二萬寇雋州。 定邊軍節度都頭安再榮守清溪關，為賊所攻，再榮退保大渡河，北去清溪關二百里，隔水相射，凡九日八夜。 定邊軍節度使竇滂勒兵拒之。
Nanzhao raided Yun with twenty thousand in the eleventh month. An Zairong held the Great River line nine days against Nanzhao. Dou Pang resisted at Dingbian.
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十二月，驃信遣清平官十餘人來偽和，與竇滂語次，蠻軍船筏競渡，忠武、武甯軍兵士結陣抗之，接戰自午及申，蠻軍稍卻。 竇滂自縊於帳中，徐州將苗全緒解之，謂滂曰：「都統何至於是，但安心，全緒與再榮、弘節等血戰取勝。」 全緒三人率兵而出，滂乃單騎宵遁。 其夜，蠻軍營於山下。 全緒等謀曰：「彼眾我寡，若明日對陣，吾屬敗矣。 可夜擊之，令其軍亂，自解去。」 忠武、武甯之師乃夜入蠻軍，弓弩亂髮，蠻眾大駭，全緒等三將保軍而去。 蠻軍乘勝進攻西川平，朝廷以顏慶復為大渡河制置、劍南應接等使，宋威為行營都知兵馬使，將兵數萬，與忠武、武甯之師合，與蠻軍戰於漢州之毗橋，大捷，解西川之圍。 明日，蠻軍遁走，西川平。 以蜀王佶為開府儀同三司、成都尹、劍南西川節度副大使、知節度事，不出閣； 以盧耽知節度事。 詔河東節度使鄭從赴闕。 以義成軍節度使、光祿大夫、檢校尚書左僕射、同平章事、滑州刺史、上柱國、會稽縣開國伯、食邑二千戶康承訓以本官兼太原尹、北都留守，充河東軍節度使。 以吏部侍郎楊知溫、吏部侍郎于德孫李玄考官； 司封員外郎盧蕘、刑部侍郎楊戴考試宏詞選人； 以虞部郎中宋震、前昭應主簿胡德融考科目舉人。 詔以兵戈才罷，且務撫寧，其禮部貢舉，宜權停一年，付中書行敕指揮，其兩省官等，不用論奏。 敕荊南節度使杜忭：「據司天奏，有小孛星氣經歷分野，恐有外夷兵水之患。 緣邊籓鎮，最要提防，宜訓習師徒，增築城堡。 凡關制置，具事以聞。」 制以魏博節度使何全皞起復檢校司空、同平章事。 咸通十一年春正月甲寅朔，制尚書右僕射杜審權為檢校司徒、河中尹、絳慈隰節度觀察處置等使。 丙午，制宰相、門下侍郎、吏部尚書曹確可兼尚書左僕射，門下侍郎、戶部尚書路岩可兼右僕射，中書侍郎于忭可兼戶部尚書，平章事劉瞻可中書侍郎、知政事。 餘並如故。 己酉，制：「河東節度使康承訓，將門瑣質，戎壘微才，曾不知兵，謬膺重祿。 憂韜鈐以效任，畜奸惡以事君，幾授鉞於戎籓，嘗執金以徼道，謂其盡節，委以專征。 屬者徐部匪寧，敢幹紀律，俾護諸將，坐覆危巢。 罄國幣以佐軍，頒王爵而賞士，而玩寇莫戰，按甲不前，立法未學於穰苴，申令頓虧于孫子。 況部伍不戰，逼撓無謀，人數空多，軍威何振。 使農夫釋耒，工女下機，始凝望於天誅，翻有思於賊至。 洎元兇自潰，玄稔效忠，彭門洞開，爾功何有！ 而負恩已甚，瀆貨是求，叨榮苟幸于一時，遺患遂逾於積歲。 爰行國典，俾傅戎籓，可蜀王傅，分司東都。」 再貶恩州司馬同正，馳驛發遣。 以檢校左散騎常侍、泗州刺史杜慆檢校工部尚書、滑州刺史、義成軍節度、鄭滑觀察等使。 以河東行營沙陀三部落羌渾諸部招討使、檢校太子賓客、監察御史硃邪赤心為檢校工部尚書、單于大都護、御史大夫、振武節度、麟勝等州觀察等使，仍賜姓名曰李國昌。 以吏部尚書蕭鄴、吏部侍郎于德孫、吏部侍郎楊知溫考官； 司勳員外郎李耀、禮部員外郎崔澹等考試應宏詞選人。 以河陽三城節度、孟懷澤觀察使、中散大夫、檢校禮部尚書、孟州刺史、御史大夫崔彥昭為金紫光祿大夫、檢校刑部尚書、太原尹、北都留守、河東節度觀察等使。 以兵部侍郎、翰林學士承旨、扶風縣開國子、食邑五百戶、駙馬都尉韋保衡本官同平章事。 以兵部侍郎劉鄴判度支。 左僕射、門下侍郎、同平章事曹確以病求免，授檢校司空、同平章事，兼潤州刺史，充浙江西道觀察等使。 魏博節度使何全皞酷政，為衙軍所殺，推其大將韓君雄為留後。
Nanzhao feigned peace then crossed the river in the twelfth month. Dou Pang hanged himself in his tent; Xu general Miao Quanxu cut him down and said: "Commander, why so? Rest—Quanxu with Zairong and Hongjie will fight to victory." Pang fled by night while the three fought. Nanzhao camped below the mountain that night. Quanxu and others plotted: "They are many, we few; if we fight tomorrow we lose. Strike tonight and disorder their army—they will withdraw of themselves." A night raid routed the Nanzhao camp. Yan Qingfu and Song Wei broke Nanzhao at Pix bridge. Western Sichuan was pacified the next day. Prince Ji held Chengdu titularly; Lu Dan commanded in practice. Zheng Cong was summoned to court. Kang Chengxun took Hedong after the Xu war. Yang Zhiwen, Yu Desun, and Li Xuan examined candidates; Lu Rao and Yang Dai examined macro-words; Song Zhen and Hu Derong examined subject candidates. The civil examination was suspended one year for recovery. Edict to Jingnan military commissioner Du Cong: "The Astronomical Bureau reports a small comet crossing allotted fields—fear of foreign invasion and flood on the frontier. —drill troops and heighten walls— Report all border arrangements." He Quanhao resumed council rank at Weibo. Xiantong 11 sent Du Shenquan to Hezhong. On bingwu an order made the chief minister Cao Que, vice director of the Chancellery and minister of personnel, concurrently left vice director of the Department of State Affairs; Lu Yan, vice director of the Chancellery and minister of revenue, concurrently right vice director; Yu Bian, vice director of the Secretariat, concurrently minister of revenue; and Liu Zhan, grand councillor, vice director of the Secretariat with charge of state affairs. Other posts were unchanged. On jiyou an order: "Hedong military commissioner Kang Chengxun, petty quality of a general's house, slight talent from the camp, did not know warfare yet wrongly bore heavy salary. —entrusted with sole command though unskilled— —he failed at Xu despite vast expense— —he played with bandits and would not fight— —his hosts would not fight— —the people wished for heaven's punishment while he dallied— —Peng Gate opened without his merit— —ingratitude and bribes exceeded any merit— We apply the national law and send him to the frontier camp as Prince of Shu's tutor, eastern-capital commissioner." He was again demoted to Enzhou and sent in haste. Du Tao was rewarded with Hua and Yicheng. Zhuye Chixin, pacification commissioner of the three Shatuo tribes and the Qiang-Hun peoples in the Hedong field command, acting guest of the crown prince, and investigating censor, was made acting minister of works, grand protector of the Chanyu Protectorate, censor-in-chief, military commissioner of Zhenwu, and observation commissioner for Lin and Sheng, and was also bestowed the name Li Guochang. Xiao Ye, Yu Desun, and Yang Zhiwen examined candidates; Li Yao and Cui Dan examined macro-words. Cui Yanzhao, military commissioner of the Three Cities of Heyang, observation commissioner for Meng, Huai, and Ze, grand master for court leisure, acting minister of rites, prefect of Mengzhou, and censor-in-chief, was made Gold-Purple Grand Master of Splendid Happiness, acting minister of punishments, prefect of Taiyuan, defender of the northern capital, and military and observation commissioner of Hedong. Wei Baoheng, vice minister of war, chief Hanlin academician, founding viscount of Fufeng county with five hundred households, and commandant as imperial son-in-law, was made grand councillor while retaining his existing offices. Liu Ye took revenue. Ill Cao Que went to Runzhou and Zhexi. Weibo soldiers killed Quanhao and made Han Junxiong commander.
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四月癸未朔。 戊子，敕：「去年屬以用軍之際，權停貢舉一年，今既去戈，卻宜仍舊。 來年宜別許三十人及第，進士十人，明經二十人，已後不得援例。」
The fourth month's guimao was new moon. On wuzi an edict: "Last year because of military use the examination was stopped one year; now weapons are laid down and the old should return. Next year allow thirty graduates: ten advanced scholars, twenty classics—do not cite this as precedent."
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八月辛巳朔。 己酉，同昌公主薨，追贈衛國公主，諡曰文懿。 主，郭淑妃所生，主以大中三年七月三日生，咸通九年二月二日下降。 上尤鐘念，悲惜異常。 以待詔韓宗紹等醫藥不效，殺之，收捕其親族三百餘人，系京兆府。 宰相劉瞻、京兆尹溫璋上疏論諫行法太過，上怒，叱出之。
The eighth month's xinsi was new moon. Princess Tongchang died as Wenyi of Wei on jiyou. Tongchang, Guo Shufei's daughter, had married in Xian-tong 9. The Emperor grieved extraordinarily. Failed physicians and three hundred kin were arrested. Liu Zhan and Wen Zhang were driven out for protesting excessive punishment.
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九月丙辰，制以正議大夫、守中書侍郎、兼刑部尚書、同平章事、充集賢殿大學士、上柱國、彭城縣開國侯、食邑一千戶、賜紫金魚袋劉瞻檢校刑部尚書、同平章事，兼江陵尹，充荊南節度等使。 翰林學士、戶部侍郎、知制誥、上柱國、賜紫金魚袋鄭畋為梧州刺史； 正議大夫、御史中丞、上柱國、賜紫金魚袋孫瑝為汀州刺史； 將仕郎、右諫議大夫、柱國、賜紫金魚袋高湘為高州刺史； 中散大夫、比部郎中、知制誥、柱國、賜紫金魚袋楊知至為瓊州司馬； 將仕郎、守禮部郎中魏簹為春州司馬； 朝議大夫、行兵部員外郎、判度支案、柱國張顏為播州司戶； 朝議大夫、行刑部員外郎、柱國崔顏融為雷州司戶； 並坐劉瞻親善，為韋保衡所逐也。 京兆尹溫璋貶振州司馬，制出之夜，璋仰藥而死。 劉瞻再貶康州刺史。
In the ninth month, on bingchen, an order made Liu Zhan, grand master for upright counsel, acting vice director of the Secretariat, concurrent minister of punishments, grand councillor, academician of the Hall of Assembled Worthies, supreme pillar of state, founding marquis of Pengcheng county with one thousand households, and holder of the purple robe and gold fish-bag, acting minister of punishments and grand councillor, concurrently prefect of Jiangling and military commissioner of Jingnan. Hanlin academician Zheng Tian was banished to Wuzhou; Censor-in-Chief Sun Huang to Tingzhou; Remonstrance official Gao Xiang to Gaozhou; Yang Zhizhi to Qiongzhou as vice prefect; Wei Shan to Chunzhou; Zhang Yan to Bozhou as registrar; Cui Yanrong to Leizhou; All were punished as Liu Zhan's allies, expelled by Wei Baohang. Capital Intendant Wen Zhang took poison the night his banishment to Zhenzhou was announced. Liu Zhan was driven further—to Kangzhou.
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十月，以給事中薛能為京兆尹，以中書舍人高湜權知禮部貢舉。
In the tenth month Xue Neng became capital intendant and Gao Shi ran the civil-service examinations.
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十一月己酉朔。 辛亥，制以禮部尚書王鐸本官同平章事。 丁卯，敕：「徐州地當沛野，軍本驍雄，實為壯國之都，固協建侯之制。 況山河素異，土俗甚殷，豈欲削卑，挫其繁盛。 蓋緣比因稔禍，或至亂常，罪由己招，孽非天作。 桂林叛卒，繼有逆謀，塗炭生靈，首尾周歲。 殺傷黎庶，污染忠良，所不忍言，尋加翦滅，是以卑其鎮額，隸彼籓方。 近屬大兵已來，饑年薦至，且聞軍人百姓，深恥前非，願行舊規，卻希建節。 朕每深軫念，思致小康，特示渥恩，復其軍額。 宜賜宣徽庫綾絹十萬匹，助其宴犒，必獲周豐。 其徐州都團練使改為感化軍節度、徐宿濠泗等州觀察處置等使。」 以吏部侍郎鄭從讜檢校戶部尚書，兼汴州刺史、御史大夫，充宣武軍節度使，代李蔚； 以蔚檢校吏部尚書、揚州大都督府長史，兼淮南節度副大使、知節度事。 咸通十二年春正月戊申，宰相路岩率文武百僚上徽號曰睿文英武明德至仁大聖廣孝皇帝，禦含元殿。 冊禮畢，大赦。 辛酉，葬衛國公主于少陵原。 先是，詔百僚為輓歌詞，仍令韋保衡自撰神道碑，京兆尹薛能為外監護，供奉楊復璟為內監護，威儀甚盛，上與郭淑妃禦延興門哭送。 幽州節度使張允伸病，請以子簡會為節度副大使、權知兵馬事，詔從之。
The eleventh month opened on jiwei. On xinhai Wang Duo joined the Grand Council as minister of rites. On dingmao an edict declared: "Xuzhou lies on the Pei plain; its garrison is fierce—the realm's stronghold, fit for a feudal command— —and its land is prosperous; we will not demote it and blunt its strength. Recent troubles were the mutineers' own doing, not Heaven's curse. Guilin's rebels tormented the people for a year. After slaughtering loyal subjects we lowered its command and placed it under another circuit. Now soldiers and townsfolk repent and beg their old commission back. We restore Xuzhou's army designation in mercy. Grant one hundred thousand bolts of treasury silk for feasting and rewards. Its Xuzhou Metropolitan Training Commissioner is changed to Ganhua Army military commissioner and Xu-Su-Hao-Si observation and disposition commissioner and related posts." Zheng Congdang, vice minister of personnel, was made acting minister of revenue, concurrently prefect of Bianzhou and censor-in-chief, and military commissioner of Xuanwu, replacing Li Wei; Li Wei moved to Huainan. In Xiantong 12's first month Lu Yan led officials in offering Yizong a grand honorific at Hanyuan Hall. The enfeoffment ended with universal amnesty. On xinyou the Princess of Weiguo was buried at Shaoling. Officials had composed dirges; Wei Baohang drafted the spirit stele while the Emperor and Consort Guo wept at Yanxing Gate. Ill, Zhang Yunshen named his son Jianhui acting Youzhou commander; the court assented.
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三月，以吏部尚書蕭鄴、吏部侍郎歸仁晦李當考官； 司封郎中鄭紹業、兵部員外郎陸勳等考試宏詞選人。
In the third month Xiao Ye, Gui Renhui, and Li Dang examined candidates; Zheng Shaoye and Lu Xun examined the macrocosmic candidates.
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四月，以左僕射、門下侍郎、同平章事路岩檢校司徒，兼成都尹、劍南西川節度等使。
In the fourth month Lu Yan left the capital for Jiannan West.
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五月庚申，敕：「慎恤刑獄，大《易》格言。 《語》曰：如得其情，即哀矜而勿喜。 而獄吏苛刻，務在舞文，守臣因循，罕聞視事。 以此械系之輩，溢於狴牢； 追捕之徒，系于簡牘。 實傷和氣，因致沴氛。 況時屬熇蒸，化先茂育，並赦罪戾，式順生成。 應天下所禁系罪人，除十惡忤逆、故意殺人、合造毒藥、持仗行劫、開發墳墓外，餘並宜疏理釋放。 或信任人吏，多有生情系留，續察訪得知，本道觀察使判官、州府本曹官必加懲譴，以誡慢易。 到後十日內，速疏理分析聞奏。」 上幸安國寺，賜講經僧沉香高座。
Fifth month, gengshen: an order: "Careful handling of criminal prisons is a great maxim of the Changes. The Analects: grasp the facts, then pity—do not rejoice. Clerks twist texts; magistrates rarely hear cases. Shackled prisoners overflow the jails; pursuers are tied to paperwork. This injures harmony and breeds pestilence. In scorching summer, pardon crimes to accord with growth. Release all but capital crimes empire-wide. Punish officials who fabricate detentions. Report reviews within ten days." Thus ended the edict." The Emperor visited Anguo Temple and gifted lecturing monks agarwood seats.
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七月辛丑，中書門下奏：「准今年六月十二日敕，厘革諸道及在京諸司奏官並請章服事者。 其諸道奏州縣官司錄、縣令、錄事、參軍，或見任公事，敗闕不理，切要替換，及前任實有勞效，並見有闕員，即任各舉所知。 每道奏請，仍不得過兩人。 其河東、潞府、邠甯、涇原、靈武、鹽夏、振武、天德、鄜坊、滄德、易定、三川等道觀察防禦等使及嶺南五管，每道每年除令、錄外，許量奏簿、尉及中下州判司及縣丞共三人。 福州不在奏縣官限。 其黔中所奏州縣官及大將管內官，即任准舊例處分。 在京諸司及諸道帶職奏官，或非時僉替，考限未滿，並卻與本資官。 諸道節度及都團練防禦使下將校奏轉試官及憲禦等，令諸節度事每年量許五人，都團練防禦量許三人為定，不得更於其外奏請。 其御史中丞已下，即准敕文條疏，須有軍功，方可授任。 自今後如顯立戰伐功勞者，任具事績申奏，如檢勘不虛，當別與商量處分，以外輒不得更有奏請。 其幽、鎮、魏三道望且准承前舊例處分。」 敕旨從之。
Seventh month, xinchou: Secretariat and Chancellery memorialized: "Per the sixth-month twelfth-day edict reforming memorials on office and uniform requests from circuits and capital agencies. Circuits may recommend two replacements or merit candidates per memorial; not more than two per memorial; frontier and southern circuits may nominate three lesser officers yearly; Fuzhou is excepted; Qianzhong follows old rules. Concurrent capital posts revert to original rank if terms unfulfilled; military commissioners nominate five officers yearly, training commissioners three; censor posts require verified military merit; battle merit may be memorialized separately; You, Zhen, and Wei follow former rules." The throne assented." The throne assented.
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十二月，以檢校戶部尚書、汴州刺史、御史大夫、宣武軍節度使鄭從讜為廣州刺史、嶺南東道節度觀察處置等使。 咸通十三年春正月壬寅朔。 甲戌，制以兵部侍郎、判度支劉鄴本官同平章事。 幽州盧龍等軍節度使、檢校司徒、同平章事、幽州大都督府長史、上柱國、燕國公、食邑三千戶張允伸卒，贈太尉，諡曰忠烈。 允伸鎮幽州二十三年。
In the twelfth month, Zheng Congdang, acting minister of revenue, prefect of Bianzhou, censor-in-chief, and military commissioner of Xuanwu, was made prefect of Guangzhou and military, observation, and disposition commissioner of Lingnan East. Xiantong 13 opened on renyin. On jiaxu Liu Ye joined the Grand Council. Zhang Yunshen, military commissioner of Youzhou, Lulong, and related armies, acting minister over the masses, grand councillor, chief secretary of the Youzhou grand commandery, supreme pillar of state, and Duke of Yan with three thousand households, died; he was posthumously presented as grand commandant and given the posthumous name Loyal and Fierce. He had governed Youzhou twenty-three years.
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二月，幽州牙將張公素奪留後張簡會軍政，自稱留後。 丁巳，制以尚書右僕射、門下侍郎、同平章事於琮檢校司空、襄州刺史，充山南東道節度觀察處置等使； 以御史中丞趙隱為戶部侍郎、本官同平章事。
In the second month Zhang Gongsu ousted Zhang Jianhui at Youzhou. On dingsi an order made Yu Cong, shangshu right vice director, menxia shilang, and pingzhangshi, acting minister of works and prefect of Xiangzhou, and appointed him military, observation, and disposition commissioner of Shannan East; Zhao Yin joined the Grand Council as vice minister of revenue.
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三月，以吏部尚書蕭鄴、吏部侍郎獨孤雲考官，職方郎中趙蒙、駕部員外郎李超考試宏詞選人。 試日，蕭鄴替，差右丞孔溫裕權判。
In the third month Xiao Ye and Dugu Yun examined candidates. Kong Wenyu substituted for Xiao Ye on examination day.
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五月庚午朔。 辛未，敕檢校尚書左僕射、守左羽林軍統軍、御史大夫張直方貶康州司馬同正，以其部下為盜故也。 乙亥，國子司業韋殷裕於閣門進狀，論淑妃弟郭敬述陰事。 上怒甚，即日下京兆府決殺殷裕，籍沒其家。 殷裕妻崔氏，音聲人鄭羽客、王燕客，婢微娘、紅子等九人配入掖庭。 閣門使田獻銛奪紫，配於橋陵，閣門司閻敬直決十五，配南衙，為受殷裕文狀故也。 給事中杜裔休貶端州司馬。 中書舍人崔沆循州司戶，殷裕妻兄也； 太僕少卿崔元應州司戶，殷裕妻父也； 前河陰院官韋君卿為愛州崇平尉，殷裕季父也。 以前大理正万俟鎔為國子司業，前興元少尹馮彭為普州刺史，前大理正陽琯為昌州刺史。 丙子，制開府儀同三司、檢校尚書左僕射、兼襄州刺史、御史大夫、充山南西道節度觀察等使於琮可正議大夫、守普王傅，分司東都。 辛巳，敕尚書左丞李當貶道州刺史，吏部侍郎王珮貶漳州刺史，左散騎常侍李郁貶賀州刺史，前中書舍人封彥卿貶潮州司戶，翰林學士承旨、兵部侍郎、知制誥張裼貶封州司馬，右諫議大夫楊塾貶和州司戶，工部尚書嚴祁貶郴州刺史，給事中李貺蘄州刺史，給事中張鐸藤州刺史，左金吾衛大將軍、充左街使李敬伸儋州司戶，前青州刺史、平盧軍節度使于涓為涼王府長史，分司東都； 前湖南觀察使于瑰為袁州刺史。 涓、瑰，琮之兄也。 于藹、於蔇亦配流。 自李當已下，皆於琮之親黨也，為韋保衡所逐。 以天德防禦使、檢校左散騎常侍段文楚為雲州刺史、大同軍防禦使。
The fifth month opened on gengwu. On xinwei an edict demoted Zhang Zhifang, acting shangshu left vice director, acting commander of the Left Feathered Forest Army, and censor-in-chief, to regular-status marshal of Kangzhou because his subordinates had become bandits. On yihai Wei Yinyu memorialized against Consort Shufei's brother Guo Jingshu. The Emperor had Wei Yinyu executed that day and his property confiscated. His wife, musicians, and maidservants were sent to the Inner Court. Gate officials who handled his memorial were punished. Du Yixiu was banished to Duanzhou. Cui Hang, Yinyu's brother-in-law, went to Xunzhou; Cui Yuan, his father-in-law, to Yingzhou; Wei Junqing, his uncle, to Aizhou. Former Court of Judicial Review rectifier Moqi Rong was made vice director of the Imperial University; former vice prefect of Xingyuan Feng Peng became prefect of Puzhou; and former Court of Judicial Review rectifier Yang Guan became prefect of Changzhou. On bingzi an order made Yu Cong, grandee of palace leisure with the three excellencies, acting shangshu left vice director, concurrent prefect of Xiangzhou, censor-in-chief, and military and observation commissioner of Shannan West, grand master for upright counsel and acting tutor to the Prince of Pu, with duties at the eastern capital. On xinsi an edict demoted Li Dang, left assistant director of the Department of State Affairs, to prefect of Daozhou; Wang Pei, vice minister of personnel, to prefect of Zhangzhou; Li Yu, left attendant cavalier, to prefect of Hezhou; Feng Yanqing, former Secretariat drafting officer, to registrar of Chaozhou; Zhang Ti, chief Hanlin academician, vice minister of war, and drafter of edicts, to marshal of Fengzhou; Yang Dian, right remonstrance grandee, to registrar of Hezhou; Yan Qi, minister of works, to prefect of Chenzhou; Li Kuang, supervising secretary, to prefect of Qizhou; Zhang Duo, supervising secretary, to prefect of Tengzhou; Li Jingshen, grand general of the Left Golden Guard and Left Street commissioner, to registrar of Danzhou; and Yu Juan, former prefect of Qingzhou and military commissioner of Pinglu, to chief secretary in the household of the Prince of Liang with duties at the eastern capital; Yu Gui went to Yuanzhou. Juan and Gui were Yu Cong's brothers. Yu Ai and Yu Ji were exiled as well. From Li Dang down—all Yu Cong's kin—were driven out by Wei Baohang. Duan Wenchu became Datong defender at Yunzhou.
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六月，義成軍節度使、檢校工部尚書杜慆奏：當管潁州僧道百姓舉留刺史宗回，敕曰：「回清幹臨人，自有月限，方藉綏輯，未議替移。」 六月，中書門下奏：「今月十七日，延英面奉聖旨，令誡約天下州府，應有逃亡戶口，其賦稅差科，不得攤配見在人戶上者。 伏以諸道州府，或兵戈之後，災沴之餘，戶口逃亡，田疇荒廢，天不敷佑，人多艱危。 鄉閭屢困於征徭，帑藏因茲而耗竭，遂使從來經費色額，太半空系簿書。 緩徵斂則闕於供須，促期限則迫於貧苦。 言念凋弊，勞乃憂勤，不降明文，孰知聖念。 其亡戶口賦稅及雜差科等，須有承佃戶人，方可依前應役。 如將闕稅課額，攤於見在人戶，則轉成逋債，重困黎元。 或富者有連阡之田，貧者無立錐之地，欲令均一，固在公平。 若令狡猾之徒，得以升降由己，望其完葺，不亦難乎！ 全由長吏竭誠，方使疲甿漸泰。 臣等商量，令諸道州府准此條疏，應有逃亡戶口稅賦並雜色差科等，並不得輒更攤配於見存人戶之上。 務設法招攜，多方撫禦，乘茲豐稔，重獲昭蘇。 苟致安寧，自當遷陟，不遵詔令，必舉典刑。」 從之。
Sixth month: Yicheng Army military commissioner, Acting Minister of Works Du Tao memorialized: the Yingzhou monks, Daoists, and commoners of his command jointly requested to retain prefect Zong Hui; the edict said: "Hui is clear and capable in governing people, with his own monthly term; we rely on his pacification and do not yet discuss replacement." Sixth month: Secretariat and Chancellery memorialized: "This month on the seventeenth, at Yanying Hall we received the holy intent to warn all prefectures empire-wide: where there are fugitive households, their tax levies and corvée assignments must not be apportioned onto present households. After war and disaster, fields lie abandoned and people suffer; levies exhaust villages while registers show empty quotas; slow collection starves the state, haste crushes the poor; only a clear edict shows the Emperor's care. fugitive taxes require undertaker households; apportioning onto survivors creates debt and double misery; fairness cannot let the crafty shift burdens between rich and poor; if the crafty control apportionment, repair is impossible. Only sincere magistrates can revive the weary. Let no circuit apportion fugitive taxes onto survivors; recruit refugees and soothe them in this harvest year; promote those who obey; punish those who do not." The throne assented." The throne assented.
79
七月，以前義昌軍節度使盧簡方為太僕卿。
In the seventh month Lu Jianfang became director of the imperial stud.
80
十二月，以振武節度李國昌為檢校右僕射、雲州刺史、大同軍防禦等使。 國昌恃功頗橫，專殺長吏，朝廷不能平，乃移鎮雲中。 國昌稱病辭軍務，乃乙太僕卿盧簡方檢校刑部尚書、雲州刺史，充大同軍防禦等使。 上召簡方於思政殿，謂之曰：「卿以滄州節鎮，屈轉大同。 然朕以沙陀、羌、渾撓亂邊鄙，以卿曾在雲中，惠及部落，且忍屈為朕此行，具達朕旨，安慰國昌，勿令有所猜嫌也。」 是月，李國昌小男克用殺雲中防禦使段文楚，據雲州，自稱防禦留後。 制追諡宣宗為元聖至明成武獻文睿智章仁神聰懿道大孝皇帝。 咸通十四年春正月丙寅朔。 御史中丞韋蟾奏：「應諸州刺史除授，正衙辭謝後托故陳牒請假，實為容易。 自今後如實有故為眾所知者，三日外不在陳牒之限。 應內外除官入京，合便朝謝，如遇假日，且合在都亭驛。 近日多因請假，便歸私家，既犯條章，頗乖禮敬。 自今已後，望准故事，如未朝謝，須於都亭驛。 如違越，台司勘當申奏。」 從之。 辛未，以雲、朔暴亂，代北騷動，賜盧簡方詔曰：「李國昌久懷忠赤，顯著功勞，朝廷亦三授土疆，兩移旄節，其為寵遇，實寡比倫。 昨者徵發兵師，又令克讓將領，惟嘉節義，同絕嫌疑。 近知大同軍不安，殺害段文楚，推國昌小男克用主領兵權。 事雖出於一時，心豈忘于長久？ 段文楚若實刻剝，自結怨嫌，但可申論，必行朝典。 遽至傷殘性命，刳剔肌膚，慘毒憑淩，殊可驚駭。 況忠烈之後，節義之門，致茲橫亡，尤悚觀聽。 若克用暫勿主兵務，束手待朝廷除人，則事出權宜，不足猜慮。 若便圖軍柄，欲奄有大同，則患系久長，故難依允。 料國昌輸忠效節，必當已有指揮。 知卿兩任雲中，恩及國昌爺子，敬憚懷感，不同常人。 宜悚與書題，深陳禍福，殷勤曉喻，劈析指宜。 切令大節無虧，勿使前功並棄。」 簡方准詔諭之，國昌不奉詔。 乃詔太原節度使崔彥昭、幽州節度使張公素帥師討之。
In the twelfth month Li Guochang was posted to Datong at Yunzhou. Li Guochang, overbearing and murderous, was transferred to Yunzhong when the court could not control him. When Guochang feigned illness, Lu Jianfang replaced him at Datong. The Emperor summoned Jianfang at Sizheng Hall and said to him: "You governed Cangzhou as commissioner and were bent to Datong. Yet I, because the Shatuo, Qiang, and Hun disturb the border marches, and because you were once at Yunzhong and showed kindness to the tribes—bear this bending for my sake on this journey, fully convey my intent, and comfort Guochang so he will not harbor suspicion." That month Li Keyong killed Duan Wenchu and seized Yunzhou. Xuanzong received a posthumous honorific title. Xiantong 14 opened on bingyin. Censor-in-Chief Wei Chan memorialized: "When prefectural governors receive appointments, after formal court farewell they plead illness and submit documents requesting leave; this is truly lax. From now on, if there is genuine cause known to the public, leave beyond three days will not fall under the document-submission limit. Inner and outer appointees entering the capital should promptly attend court to give thanks; if they encounter a holiday, they should remain at Duting Station. Recently many request leave and then return to private homes, violating regulations and seriously departing from ritual respect. From now on, I request that precedent be followed: if they have not yet attended court to give thanks, they must remain at Duting Station. If they overstep, the Censorate should investigate and report." The throne assented. On xinwei an edict to Lu Jianfang said: "Li Guochang long harbored loyal redness and showed brilliant merit; the court also thrice granted territory and twice moved his banner—such favoring has few parallels. Guochang's loyalty and Ke Rang's command should end suspicion— —yet Keyong now holds Yunzhou after killing Duan Wenchu. The affair was sudden—could hearts forget the long term? If Wenchu truly extorted, report—not murder—was the path. Instead they flayed him—a shocking brutality. A loyal house had been savaged before the empire's eyes. If Keyong laid down arms pending appointment, the court might forgive. If he seized command permanently, the court could not assent. Surely Guochang had already commanded restraint. You, who twice governed Yunzhong, must write them with grave urgency— —state fortune and calamity plainly and keep their great integrity intact. Urge that great integrity not be lost and former merit not be abandoned together." Lu Jianfang obeyed; Guochang did not. Cui Yanzhao and Zhang Gongsu were ordered to attack.
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三月，以新除大同軍使盧簡方為單于大都護、振武節度、麟勝等州觀察等使。 時李國昌據振武。 簡方至嵐州而卒。 自是沙陀侵掠代北諸軍鎮。 庚午，詔兩街僧於鳳翔法門寺迎佛骨，是日天雨黃土遍地。
In the third month Lu Jianfang was named Zhenwu commander while still bound for Datong. Li Guochang still held Zhenwu. Lu Jianfang died at Lanzhou. Thereafter Shatuo raids swept northern garrisons. On gengwu monks were sent to Famen Temple for the Buddha's relic; yellow earth rained from the sky.
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四月八日，佛骨至京，自開遠門達安福門，彩棚夾道，念佛之音震地。 上登安福門迎禮之，迎入內道場三日，出於京城諸寺。 士女雲合，威儀盛飾，古無其比。 制曰：「朕以寡德，纘承鴻業，十有四年。 頃屬寇倡狂，王師未息。 朕憂勤在位，愛育生靈，遂乃尊崇釋教，至重玄門，迎請真身，為萬姓祈福。 今觀睹之眾，隘塞路歧。 載念狴牢，寢興在慮，嗟我黎人，陷於刑辟。 況漸當暑毒，系於縲絏，或積幽凝滯，有傷和氣，或關連追擾，有妨農務。 京畿及天下州府見禁囚徒，除十惡忤逆、故意殺人、官典犯贓、合造毒藥、放火持仗、開發墳墓外，餘罪輕重節級遞減一等。 其京城軍鎮，限兩日內疏理訖聞奏； 天下州府，敕到三日內疏理聞奏。」 以吏部侍郎蕭仿為兵部侍郎、同平章事。
On the eighth of the fourth month the relic entered the capital amid pavilions and thunderous chanting. The Emperor welcomed it at Anfu Gate, kept it three days in the inner chapel, then sent it to city temples. Crowds and regalia surpassed anything antiquity had seen. An edict began: "Fourteen years we have borne the throne— —while bandits rage and armies never rest. We welcomed the Buddha's relic to bless the people— —yet crowds choke the roads. We think of prisoners and cannot sleep— —men bound in summer heat, farms neglected by pursuit. Reduce remaining sentences one grade empire-wide, except capital crimes. Capital garrisons report within two days; all prefectures, within three days after the edict arrives, review and memorialize." Xiao Fang joined the Grand Council as vice minister of war.
83
六月，帝不豫。
In the sixth month the Emperor fell ill.
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七月癸亥朔。 戊寅，疾大漸。 庚午，制立普王儼為皇太子，權勾當軍國政事。 辛巳，遺詔曰：「朕祗事九廟，君臨四海，夕惕如厲，宵分靡寧，必求政化之源，思建大中之道。 至於懷柔夷貊，偃戢干戈，皆以德綏，亦自馴致，冀清淨之為理，庶治平之可臻。 自秋已來，忽爾嬰疹，坐朝既闕，逾旬未瘳。 六疾斯侵，萬機多曠，醫和無驗，以至彌留。 嗚呼！ 數哉有窮，聖賢之所必同，明於斯言，是為達節。 載申顧命，式葉典謨。 皇太子權勾當軍國事儼，性稟寬和，生知忠孝，德苞睿哲，聖表徇齊，必能揚祖宗之重光，荷邦家之丕構。 宜令所司具禮，於柩前即皇帝位。 以司空、門下侍郎、平章事韋保衡攝塚宰。 軍國務殷，豈可久曠，況易月之制，行之自古，皇帝宜三日而聽政，二十七日釋服。 諸道節度、觀察、團練、防禦等使，及監軍、諸州刺史，受寄至重，並不得離任赴哀。 文武常參官朝晡之臨，十五舉音。 宮中當臨者，非時無得擅哭。 天下人吏百姓告哀後出臨三日，皆釋服，勿禁食肉、飲酒、婚姻、祭祀，釋服之後無禁當舉。 薄葬之禮，宜遵漢魏之文。 其山陵制度，切在儉約，並不得以金銀錦繡文飾喪具。 五坊鷹犬等，除搜狩外，余並解放。 其醫官段璲、趙、苻虔休、馬及等並釋放。 咨爾將相卿士、中外臣僚，竭力盡忠，匡予令嗣，送往事居，無違朕志。」 是日，崩于咸寧殿，聖壽四十一。 百僚上諡曰睿文昭聖恭惠孝皇帝，廟號懿宗。 十五年二月，葬于簡陵。 【論】史臣曰：臣常接咸通耆老，言恭惠皇帝故事。 當大中時，四海承平，百職修舉，中外無粃政，府庫有餘貲，年穀屢登，封疆無擾。 恭惠始承丕構，頗亦勵精，延納讜言，尊崇耆德，數稔之內，洋洋頌聲。 然器本中庸，流于近習，所親者巷伯，所昵者桑門。 以蠱惑之侈言，亂驕淫之方寸，欲無怠忽，其可得乎！ 及釁結蠻陬，奸生戍卒。 發五嶺之轉輸，寰海動搖； 征二蜀之捍防，蒸人蕩覆。 徐寇雖殄，河南幾空。 然猶削軍賦而飾伽藍，困民財而修淨業，以諛佞為愛己，謂忠諫為妖言。 爭趨險陂之途，罕勵貞方之節。 見豕負塗之愛豎，非次寵升； 燋頭爛額之輔臣，無辜竄逐。 是以干戈布野，蟲旱彌年，佛骨才入于應門，龍輴已泣於蒼野，報應無必，斯其驗歟！ 土德淩夷，禍階於此。 雖有文、景之英繼，難以興焉。 自茲龜玉之不昌，固其宜矣。 黃髮遺叟，言之涕零。
The seventh month opened on guihai. On wuyin the illness turned critical. On gengwu Prince of Pu Yan was named crown prince regent. On xinsi the testament began: "We ruled the four seas seeking the great middle way— —soothing tribes and laying down arms by virtue alone. Since autumn illness has kept us from court ten days— —physicians fail and the end nears. Alas!—the end drew near. Even sages must end—understand this and reach the ultimate. We declare the testament: Crown Prince Yan, loyal and wise, shall raise our ancestors' light— —and take the throne before the coffin. Wei Baohang shall be chief mourner. Hear government in three days; mourning ends in twenty-seven. Commissioners and governors must not leave posts to mourn. Regular officials observe fifteen soundings. Palace mourning only at appointed times. The people mourn three days without forbidding meat, wine, or marriage. Burial shall follow frugal Han and Wei rites. No gold, silver, or brocade on funeral goods. Release the Five Ward hawks and dogs except for hunting. Release the attending physicians. To you generals, ministers, and civil and military officials—exhaust strength and loyalty, support our chosen heir, send off the dead and serve the living, do not oppose our will." That day Yizong died in Xianning Hall at forty-one. He was styled Yizong, temple name Yizong. In the fifteenth year's second month he was buried at Jianling. [Commentary] The historian met Xiantong elders who remembered Yizong: Under Dazhong the realm was at peace, treasuries full, harvests rich. Yizong at first refined governance and earned praise. Yet he favored eunuchs and monks. Sorcery and dissipation left no room for diligence. Then southern rebellions and garrison treachery followed. Transport from the Five Ridges shook the realm; campaigns in the Two Shus ruined the people. Xuzhou rebels fell, but Henan lay empty. Still he cut army pay for temples and called loyal remonstrance demonic. Courtiers rushed toward danger; few stood upright. Favored youths rose out of turn; innocent ministers were banished. Arms and drought spread; the Buddha's relic had barely arrived when the Emperor died—was this not proof? Earth's virtue declined from here. Even Wen and Jing could not have revived the dynasty. The sacred jade would not flourish again—fittingly so. Gray-haired survivors weep remembering it.
85
贊曰：邦家治亂，在君聽斷。 恭惠驕奢，賢良貶竄。 凶豎當國，憸人滿朝。 奸雄乘釁，貽謀道消。
Praise: order and disorder lie in the ruler's ear. Yizong was arrogant; the worthy were banished. Villains held the state; slanderers filled court. Traitors seized their chance; good plans vanished.
86
僖宗惠聖恭定孝皇帝諱儇，懿宗第五子，母曰惠安皇后王氏。 咸通三年五月八日生於東內。 初封普王，名儼。 咸通十四年七月，懿宗大漸。 其月十八日，制曰：「朕守大器之重，居兆人之上，日慎一日，如履如臨。 旰昃勞懷，寢興思理，涉道猶淺，導代未孚。 而攝養乖方，寒暑成癘，實有慮于闕政，且無暇於怡神。 恙未少瘳，日加浸劇，萬務凡總，須有主張。 考思舊章，謀於卿士，思闡鴻業，式建皇儲。 第五男普王儼改名儇，孝敬溫恭，寬和博厚，日新令德，天假英姿，言皆中規，動必由禮。 俾崇邦本，允協人心，宜立為皇太子，權勾當軍國政事。 咨爾中外卿士，洎於腹心之臣，敬保予胤，輔成予志，各竭乃心，以安黎庶。 佈告中外，知朕意焉。」 是日，懿宗崩。 二十日，即皇帝位於柩前，時年十二。 左軍中尉劉行深、右軍中尉韓文約居中執政，並封國公。
Xizong—taboo Xuan—was Yizong's fifth son, born of Empress Hui'an Wang. He was born in the Eastern Inner Palace on the eighth day of the fifth month of Xiantong 3. He was first Prince of Pu, born Yan. In Xiantong 14's seventh month Yizong grew critically ill. On the eighteenth day of that month an edict said: "We guard the great vessel's weight and dwell above the myriad people, daily cautious as if treading thin ice. We toil at governance yet the Way remains shallow— —illness leaves government neglected. Affairs need a master— —so we establish the imperial heir. Fifth son Prince of Pu Yan, renamed Xuan, is respectful, wise, and fit for ritual— —crown prince with acting charge of military and state affairs. Ministers, protect the heir and settle the people. Proclaim inner and outer and know our intent." That same day Yizong died. On the twentieth Xizong took the throne before the coffin at twelve. Liu Xingshen and Han Wenyue ruled court as enfeoffed dukes.
87
八月，皇帝釋服。 冊聖母王氏為皇太后。 河南大水，自七月雨不止，至釋服後方霽。
In the eighth month the Emperor ended mourning. Lady Wang became Empress Dowager. Henan flooded from the seventh month until mourning ended.
88
九月，守司空、門下侍郎、平章事韋保衡貶賀州刺史。 以岳州刺史于琮為太子少傅，緣琮貶逐者並放還。 循州司戶崔沆復為中書舍人，前戶部侍郎、知制誥、翰林學士承旨鄭畋為左散騎常侍，前兵部侍郎、知制誥、翰林學士張裼為太子賓客，前諫議大夫高湘復為諫議大夫，前宣歙觀察使楊嚴復為給事中。
In the ninth month Wei Baohang was banished to Hezhou. Yu Cong returned; those banished with him were restored. Cui Hang, registrar of Xunzhou, was restored as zhongshu sheren; Zheng Tian, former vice minister of revenue, drafter of edicts, and chief Hanlin academician, became left attendant cavalier; Zhang Ti, former vice minister of war, drafter of edicts, and Hanlin academician, became guest of the crown prince; Gao Xiang, former remonstrance grandee, was restored as remonstrance grandee; and Yang Yan, former observation commissioner of Xuan-She, was restored as supervising secretary.
89
十月，左僕射、門下侍郎、平章事劉鄴檢校左僕射、同平章事，兼揚州大都督府長史，充淮南節度觀察副大使、知節度事。
In the tenth month Liu Ye went to Huainan.
90
十一月，以光祿大夫、守太子少傅、駙馬都尉于琮檢校尚書左僕射，兼襄州刺史、御史大夫，充山南東道節度觀察等使。
In the eleventh month, Yu Cong, grand master of splendid happiness, acting junior guardian of the crown prince, and commandant as imperial son-in-law, was made acting shangshu left vice director, concurrently prefect of Xiangzhou and censor-in-chief, and military and observation commissioner of Shannan East.
91
十二月，雷震。 義成軍節度使、檢校刑部尚書杜慆就加兵部尚書。 乾符元年春正月辛酉朔。 乙丑，左僕射、門下侍郎、平章事蕭仿兼右僕射。 門下侍郎、吏部尚書、平章事王鐸檢校吏部尚書、同平章事，兼汴州刺史，充宣武軍節度、宋亳觀察等使。
Thunder in the twelfth month. Du Tao, military commissioner of Yicheng and acting minister of justice, was additionally made minister of war. Qianfu 1 opened on xinyou. On yichou Xiao Fang held both vice directorates. Wang Duo took Xuanyi at Bianzhou.
92
二月，葬懿宗于簡陵。
In the second month Yizong was buried at Jianling.
93
三月，以河東節度使、檢校尚書右僕射崔彥昭為尚書兵部侍即，充諸道鹽鐵轉運等使。 以銀青光祿大夫、京兆尹、上柱國、岐山郡開國公、食邑三千戶竇浣檢校戶部尚書、太原尹、北都留守、御史大夫，充河東節度管內觀察處置等使。 以中書侍郎、刑部尚書、同平章事趙隱檢校吏部尚書、潤州刺史、浙江西道都團練觀察等使。 四月，崔彥昭本官同平章事，領使如故。 以前淮南節度使李蔚為吏部尚書。 以天平軍節度使、檢校尚書右僕射、兼鄆州刺史高駢檢校司空，兼成都尹，充劍南西川節度副大使、知節度事。 以右散騎常侍韋荷為吏部侍郎。 前同州刺史崔璞為右散騎常侍。 右領軍衛上將軍渾僖檢校吏部尚書、左千牛衛上將軍。 以侍御史盧胤征為司封員外郎，判戶部案。
In the third month Cui Yanzhao took salt and iron transport. Dou Huan, Silver-Blue Grand Master of Splendid Happiness, metropolitan governor of Jingzhao, supreme pillar of state, and founding duke of Qishan commandery with three thousand households, was made acting minister of revenue, prefect of Taiyuan, defender of the northern capital, censor-in-chief, and military, observation, and disposition commissioner for the Hedong circuit. Zhao Yin, vice director of the Secretariat, minister of justice, and grand councillor, was made acting minister of personnel, prefect of Runzhou, and commissioner for training, observation, and related affairs in western Zhejiang. In the fourth month Cui Yanzhao joined the Grand Council while keeping transport. Li Wei became minister of personnel. Gao Pian, military commissioner of Tianping, acting right vice director of the Department of State Affairs, and concurrently prefect of Yunzhou, was made acting minister of works, concurrently prefect of Chengdu, deputy grand commissioner of Jiannan West, and acting head of the commission. Wei He became vice minister of personnel. Cui Pu became right regular attendant. Hun Xi received personnel and guard posts. Lu Yinzheng judged revenue cases.
94
五月，以吏部侍郎鄭畋為兵部侍郎、同平章事，戶部侍郎、知制誥、翰林學士、賜紫金魚袋盧攜本官同平章事。 太子右庶子李嶧為太僕卿，侍御史裴渥為起居郎。 以嶺南東道節度使、檢校刑部尚書鄭從讜為刑部尚書，以吏部侍郎韋荷檢校禮部尚書、廣州刺史、嶺南東道節度使。
In the fifth month, Zheng Tian, vice minister of personnel, was made vice minister of war and pingzhangshi; Lu Xie, vice minister of revenue, drafter of edicts, Hanlin academician, and holder of the purple robe and gold fish bag, became pingzhangshi while retaining his post. Li Yun and Pei Wo received new posts. Zheng Congdang, military commissioner of Lingnan East and acting minister of justice, was made minister of justice; Wei He, vice minister of personnel, was made acting minister of rites, prefect of Guangzhou, and military commissioner of Lingnan East.
95
七月，以禮部侍郎裴瓚為檢校左散騎常侍、潭州刺史、御史大夫、湖南觀察使； 故湖南觀察使李庾贈禮部尚書。
In the seventh month Pei Zan took Hunan; Li Yu was posthumously made minister of rites.
96
十月，以中書舍人崔沆為中書侍郎，右諫議大夫崔胤為給事中。
In the tenth month Cui Hang and Cui Yin were promoted.
97
十一月丙戌朔。 庚寅，上有事於宗廟，禮畢，禦丹鳳門，大赦，改元為乾符。 宰相蕭仿兼司空、弘文館大學士、太清宮使，兵部侍郎崔彥昭為中書侍郎，兵部侍郎鄭畋為集賢殿大學士。 以宣慰沙陀六州部落、檢校兵部尚書李鈞為靈武節度，制曰：「朕以沙陀驍勇，重累戰功，六州蕃、渾，沐浴王化。 念其出於猜貳，互有傷殘，而克璋報仇，其意未已。 被我君臨之德，軫吾子育之心，爰擇良能，俾之宣撫。 惟爾先正，嘗鎮北門，待國昌以雄傑之才，置國昌於濟活之地。 既藉奕葉之舊，又懷任土之觀。 是用付以封疆，委之軍旅，必集王事，無墜家聲。」 初鈞父業鎮太原，能安集代北部落。 時李國昌父子據大同、振武，吐渾、契苾、幽州諸道之軍攻之不利，故假鈞靈武節鉞，率師招諭之。 以長安令李壁為諫議大夫，以吏部員外郎徐彥若為長安令。 兵部郎中盧鄯為楚州刺史。
The eleventh month opened on bingxu. On gengyin ancestral rites ended with amnesty and the Qianfu era. Chief minister Xiao Fang concurrently became minister of works, grand academician of the Hongwen Institute, and commissioner of the Taiqing Palace; Cui Yanzhao, vice minister of war, became zhongshu shilang; and Zheng Tian, vice minister of war, became grand academician of the Hall of Assembled Worthies. An edict: "We consider the Shatuo fierce and brave, repeatedly accumulating battle merit; the six prefectures' Fan and Hun bathe in royal transformation. They fight from suspicion while Ke Zhang still seeks revenge— —so we send an able man to pacify them. Li Jun's father once saved Guochang at Taiyuan— —relying on old ties and duty to the soil. Therefore we entrust you with the frontier and delegate military affairs—you must gather royal affairs and not fall from family renown." Jun's father had once settled the northern tribes. With Guochang entrenched, Li Jun was sent to Lingwu to summon them. Li Bi and Xu Yanruo exchanged Chang'an posts. Lu Shan became Chuzhou prefect.
98
十二月，党項、回鶻寇邊。 以左司郎中崔原為兵部郎中，江州刺史李可仁為右司郎中。 權知工部尚書牛蔚為禮部尚書，太子賓客于浱為工部尚書。 是冬，南詔蠻寇蜀，詔河西、河東、山南西道、東川徵兵赴援。 西川節度使高駢奏：「奉敕抽發長武、鄜州、河東等道兵士赴劍南行營者。 伏以西川新軍舊軍差到已眾，況蠻蜒小丑，必可枝梧。 今以道路崎嶇，館驛窮困，更有軍頓，立見流移，所謂望一處完全而百處俱破。 且兵不在眾而在於和，其左右神策長武鎮、鄜州、河東所抽甲馬兵士，人數不少，況備辦軍食，費損尤多。 又緣三道籓鎮，盡扼羌戎，邊鄙未寧，望不差發。 如已在道路，並請降敕勒回。」 詔答曰：「蠻蜒如尚憑淩，固須倍兵禦敵； 若已奔退，即要並力追擒。 方藉北軍，助平南寇，其三處兵士，宜委高駢候到蜀日分佈驅使。 具務多多之辦，寧亂整整之師。 其河東一千二百人，令竇浣不要差發。」 時駢捍蠻已退，長武兵士竟至蜀而還，議者惜其勞費而虛邀出入之賞也。 右軍中尉韓文約以疾乞休致，從之。 乾符二年春正月乙酉朔。 己丑，宰相崔彥昭率文武百僚上尊號，上御正殿受冊。 以知內樞密田令孜為右軍中尉。 南蠻驃信遣使乞盟，許之。 以鳳州刺史郭弘業為左金吾衛將軍。 庫部郎中韋岫為泗州刺史，都官員外郎李頻為建州刺史。
In the twelfth month Tangut and Uyghur raided the border. Cui Yuan and Li Keren received department posts. Niu Wei and Yu Yong exchanged rites and works posts. That winter Nanzhao raided Shu; circuits mobilized relief. Jiannan West military commissioner Gao Pian memorialized: "Per the edict drafting troops from Changwu, Binzhou, Hedong and other circuits for the Jiannan campaign. Shu already has ample troops; the barbarians are small foes— —northern drafts exhaust stations and displace people— Moreover, victory lies not in numbers but in harmony. The armored cavalry and soldiers drawn from the Left and Right Divine Strategy armies, Changwu garrison, Fuzhou, and Hedong were already numerous, and provisioning them would be especially costly. The northern frontier is unsettled—do not draft them. If already on the road, all please receive an edict ordering return." The edict replied: "If the southern barbarians still rely on aggression, troops must indeed be doubled to resist; pursue if they flee. Northern troops would serve under Gao Pian in Shu— —prepare abundantly without disordering the army. The Hedong twelve hundred men—order Dou Huan not to draft them." Pian had already repelled the barbarians; Changwu troops marched to Shu in vain—critics deplored the waste. Han Wenyue retired ill. Qianfu 2 opened on yiyou. On jichou Cui Yanzhao led officials in offering a honorific. Tian Lingze became right army commandant. Nanzhao envoys begged alliance; the court granted it. Guo Hongye became left golden guard general. Wei Xiu and Li Pin received prefectures.
99
二月，以兵部侍即、充諸道鹽鐵轉運使王凝為秘書監，以所補吏職罪也。 以吏部侍郎裴坦為兵部侍郎，充諸道鹽鐵轉運使。 以翰林學士崔澹為中書舍人； 翰林學士徐仁嗣為司封郎中，學士如故。 以容管經略招討使高秦檢校戶部尚書，太府卿李嶧為宗正卿，湖州刺史張搏為盧州刺史，庫部員外郎楊堪為吏部員外郎。
In the second month Wang Ning was demoted to secretariat director for illicit clerk appointments. Pei Tan took salt and iron transport. Cui Dan and Xu Rensi were promoted; Xu Rensi became director of seals while remaining academician. Gao Qin, commissioner for strategy and punitive operations in Rongguan, was made acting minister of revenue; Li Yi, minister of the Court of the Imperial Treasury, became minister of the Imperial Clan; Zhang Bo, prefect of Huzhou, became prefect of Luzhou; and Yang Kan, auxiliary director in the Storehouse Bureau, became auxiliary director in the Ministry of Personnel.
100
三月，以右補闕鄭勤為起居郎，度支推官牛徽為右補闕。 以戶部郎中崔彥融為長安令，都官郎中楊知退為戶部郎中。 左司員外郎唐嶠為刑部郎中，刑部員外郎畢紹顏為左司員外郎，侍御史鄭頊為刑部員外郎。
In the third month Zheng Qin and Niu Hui were promoted. Cui Yanrong and Yang Zhituì exchanged revenue posts. Tang Jiao, Bi Shaoyan, and Zheng Xu received punishments posts.
101
四月，海賊王郢攻剽浙西郡邑。 以殿中侍御史李燭為禮部員外郎。 以太子賓客張裼為吏部侍郎。 前淮南節度使李蔚為太常卿，成德軍節度使王景崇加開府儀同三司。 秘書監蕭峴為國子祭酒。 汝州刺史崔彥沖為太子賓客分司。 新除吏部侍郎張裼為京兆尹。 東川點檢兵馬使吳行魯可金紫光祿大夫、檢校兵部尚書，兼梓州刺史、御史大夫，充劍南東川節度等使。 以東川節度使、檢校戶部尚書崔充為河南尹； 河南尹李晦檢校左散騎常侍，兼福州刺史、福建都團練觀察使。 以鳳翔隴西節度使、檢校司徒、同平章事、上柱國、涼國公、食邑三千戶令狐綯進封趙國公。
In the fourth month Wang Ye raided Zhexi. Li Zhu became vice director of rites. Zhang Ti became vice minister of personnel. Li Wei took the imperial clan directorate; Wang Jingchong received supreme honor. Xiao Xian became university director. Cui Yanhong became crown prince guest at branch office. Zhang Ti became capital intendant. Wu Xinglu became Jiannan East commander. Cui Chong became Henan prefect; Li Hui went to Fujian. Linghu Tao was advanced to Duke of Zhao.
102
五月，濮州賊首王仙芝聚於長垣縣，其眾三千，剽掠閭井，進陷濮州，俘丁壯萬人。 鄆州節度使李種出兵擊之，為賊所敗。 以殿中少監薛璫為衛州刺史，國子司業裴拙為洋州刺史，中書舍人崔沆為禮部侍郎，兵部郎中裴虔余為太常少卿。
In the fifth month Wang Xianzhi gathered three thousand at Changyuan and seized Puzhou. Li Zhong attacked and was defeated. Xue Dang, junior chamberlain of the Palace Administration, was made prefect of Weizhou; Pei Zhuo, director of studies at the Directorate of Education, prefect of Yangzhou; Cui Hang, Secretariat drafting officer, vice minister of rites; and Pei Qianyu, director in the Ministry of War, junior minister of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices.
103
六月，以司勳員外郎薛邁為兵部郎中，戶部員外郎鄭就為司勳員外郎，倉部員外郎鄭綮為戶部員外郎，主客員外郎王鐐為倉部員外郎。
In the sixth month several bureau officers were promoted in rotation.
104
秋七月，以大理卿蔡行為豐州刺史、天德軍都防禦使，大理卿張彥遠為大理卿。 以京兆尹張裼檢校戶部尚書，兼鄆州刺史、御史大夫，充天平軍節度、鄆曹濮觀察等使。 以左司勳員外郎杜貞符為都官郎中，吏部員外郎牛循為金州刺史，司封員外郎盧胤征為吏部員外郎。
In the seventh month Cai Xing took Tiande; Zhang Yanyuan succeeded at judicial review. Zhang Ti, prefect of Jingzhao, was made acting minister of revenue, concurrently prefect of Yunzhou and censor-in-chief, and military commissioner of Tianping with observation authority over Yun, Cao, and Pu. Du Zhenfu, Niu Xun, and Lu Yinzheng received posts.
105
十月，以秘書少監李貺為諫議大夫。 以前大同軍及雲朔都防禦營田供軍等使李璫檢校左散騎常侍、豐州刺史，充天德軍豐州西城中城都防禦使、本管押蕃落等使。 以考功員外郎趙蘊為吏部員外郎，戶部員外郎盧莊為起居員外郎，禮部員外郎蕭遘為考功員外郎。
In the tenth month Li Kuang became remonstrance official. Li Dang, former commissioner of the Datong Army and of defense, military farms, and army supply in Yun-Shuo, was made acting left attendant cavalier and prefect of Fengzhou, and appointed metropolitan defense commissioner of Tiande Army's west and inner cities at Fengzhou and superintendent of the tribal groups under that jurisdiction. Zhao Yun, Lu Zhuang, and Xiao Yu exchanged bureau posts.
106
十一月，以起居郎劉崇龜為禮部員外郎，殿中侍御史孔綸為戶部員外郎。 是月，雷震電。 左僕射王鐸兼門下侍郎、同平章事，復輔政。 乾符三年春正月己卯朔，司空、門下侍郎、同平章事蕭仿以病求免，罷為太子太傅。 浙西奏誅王郢徒黨。 以左金吾衛大將軍、右街使齊克讓檢校兵部尚書，兼袞兗沂海等州節度使。
In the eleventh month Liu Chonggui and Kong Lun were promoted. Thunder and lightning that month. Wang Duo returned to assist governance. In Qianfu 3's first month Xiao Fang retired ill as crown prince grand tutor. Zhexi reported executing Wang Ye's faction. Qi Kerang, grand general of the Left Gold Bird Guard and commissioner of the Right Street, was made acting minister of war and concurrently military commissioner of Yan, Yan, Yi, Hai, and related prefectures.
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三月，以吏部尚書歸仁晦、吏部侍郎孔晦、吏部侍郎崔蕘試宏詞選人，考功郎中崔庾、考功員外郎周仁舉為考官。 乙太常卿李蔚本官同平章事。 奉天鎮上言金龍晝見，自河升天。 門下侍郎崔彥昭太清宮使、弘文館大學士，中書侍郎、刑部尚書、平章事鄭畋監修國史。 以右武衛大將軍墨沖謙為左金吾衛大將軍，以黎州刺史杜岡為雅州刺史。
In the third month examiners were named for the macrocosmic test. Li Wei joined the Grand Council. Fengtian reported a golden dragon ascending by day. Cui Yanzhao, menxia shilang, became commissioner of the Taiqing Palace and grand academician of the Hongwen Institute; Zheng Tian, zhongshu shilang, minister of justice, and pingzhangshi, was put in charge of supervising the compilation of the national history. Mo Chongqian and Du Gang received guard and prefecture posts.
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五月，以江西觀察使獨孤雲為太子少傅，金州刺史束鄉勵為嘉州刺史。
In the fifth month Dugu Yun and Shu Xiangli received posts.
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六月，敕福建觀察使李播、荊州刺史楊權古、蔚州刺史王龜范、璧州刺史張贄、濮州刺史韋浦、施州刺史婁傅會、刑州刺史王回、撫州刺史崔理、黃州刺史計信卿等：「刺史親人之官，苟不諳詳，豈宜除授。 比為朕養百姓，非獨榮爾一身，每念疲羸，實所傷歎。 李播等九人授官之時，眾詞不可； 王回等三人到郡無政，惟務貪求。 實汙方州，並宜停任。」 以檢校右散騎常侍、衛尉卿李鐸為太府卿，以涼王傅分司裴思謙為衛尉卿，撫王府長史劉允章涼王傅。 主客郎中崔福為汾州刺史，荊南節度副使王慥為主客郎中。 六月，以門下侍郎、刑部尚書、平章事、太清宮使、弘文館大學士、判度支崔彥昭兼左僕射，中書侍郎鄭畋兼門下侍郎，太常卿、平章事李蔚為中書侍郎。 以歙州刺史蕭騫為右司員外郎，右司員外郎崔潼為歙州刺史。
Sixth month: an edict to Fujian observation commissioner Li Bo, Jingzhou prefect Yang Quangu, Weizhou prefect Wang Guifan, Bizhou prefect Zhang Zhan, Puzhou prefect Wei Pu, Shizhou prefect Lou Fuhui, Xingzhou prefect Wang Hui, Fuzhou prefect Cui Li, Huangzhou prefect Ji Xinqing and others: "Prefects are kin-nurturing offices; if not versed in detail, how should appointment be granted? We appoint you to nurture the people, not glorify yourselves— —yet Li Bo and eight others were opposed at appointment; —and Wang Hui and two others governed only by greed. Truly defiling the prefectures—all should cease office." Li Duo, Pei Siqian, and Liu Yunzhang exchanged stud and tutor posts. Cui Fu and Wang Gao exchanged guest reception and Jingnan posts. In the sixth month Cui Yanzhao, menxia shilang, minister of justice, pingzhangshi, commissioner of the Taiqing Palace, grand academician of the Hongwen Institute, and finance commissioner, concurrently became left vice director of the Department of State Affairs; Zheng Tian, zhongshu shilang, concurrently became menxia shilang; and Li Wei, minister of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices and pingzhangshi, became zhongshu shilang. Xiao Qian and Cui Tong exchanged Shezhou and right department posts.
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七月，草賊王仙芝寇掠河南十五州，其眾數萬。 是月，賊逼潁、許，攻汝州，下之，虜刺史王鐐。 刑部侍郎劉承雍在郡，為賊所害。 賊遂南攻唐、鄧、安、黃等州。 時關東諸州府兵不能討賊，但守城而已。 以戶部郎中李節為駕部郎中，金部郎中王慥為戶部郎中，主客郎中鄭諴為金部郎中，金部員外郎張譙為主客郎中，屯田員外郎竇珝為金部員外郎，京兆司錄趙曄為屯田員外郎。 工部侍郎崔朗為同州刺史，左軍擗仗使、左監門衛上將軍西門思恭為右威衛上將軍。 以右諫議大夫、知制誥魏簹為中書舍人。
In the seventh month Wang Xianzhi ravaged fifteen Henan prefectures with tens of thousands. That month they took Ruzhou and captured Wang Liao. Liu Chengyong was killed in the prefecture. They then struck south into Tang, Deng, An, and Huang. Eastern troops could only guard cities. Li Jie, director in the Ministry of Revenue, became director of the Carriage Bureau; Wang Zao, director of the Treasury Bureau, became director in the Ministry of Revenue; Zheng Xian, director of the Bureau of Receptions, became director of the Treasury Bureau; Zhang Qiao, auxiliary director of the Treasury Bureau, became director of the Bureau of Receptions; Dou Xu, auxiliary director of the Agricultural Fields Bureau, became auxiliary director of the Treasury Bureau; and Zhao Ye, recorder of Jingzhao, became auxiliary director of the Agricultural Fields Bureau. Cui Lang and Ximen Sigong received posts. Wei Shan became secretariat drafting officer.
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九月，以右丞崔蕘權知吏部侍郎，禮部侍郎崔沆為尚書右丞，中書舍人高湘權知禮部侍郎，京兆尹楊知至為工部侍郎。 兵部尚書、兼太常卿李榼檢校尚書右僕射、太常； 衛尉卿蕭寬為鴻臚卿，充閑廄使。 以宰相崔彥昭男保謙為秘書省校書郎。 右僕射、門下侍郎、平章事崔彥昭加特進； 門下侍郎、禮部尚書、平章事鄭畋可特進。 太中大夫、平章事盧攜可銀青光祿大夫； 銀青光祿大夫、平章事李蔚可金紫光祿大夫。 乙太府卿李嶧檢校工部尚書、滑州刺史、御史大夫，充義成軍節度、鄭滑潁觀察處置等使。 雅州自六月地震至七月未止，壓傷人頗眾。 詔河南籓鎮舉兵討賊。 以刑部郎中李磎為戶部郎中，分司東都； 戶部郎中鄭諴為刑部郎中。 戶部郎中、知制誥、翰林學士王徽為中書舍人，戶部員外郎、翰林學士蕭遘為戶部郎中，學士並如故。 諫議大夫趙蒙為給事中，商州刺史張同為諫議大夫。
In the ninth month Cui Rao, right assistant director of the Department of State Affairs, was provisionally put in charge as vice minister of personnel; Cui Hang, vice minister of rites, became shangshu right assistant director; Gao Xiang, zhongshu sheren, was provisionally put in charge as vice minister of rites; and Yang Zhizhi, prefect of Jingzhao, became vice minister of works. Li Ke became acting right vice director; Xiao Kuan took diplomatic reception and stud duties. Cui Yanzhao's son became a secretariat proofreader. Cui Yanzhao received special advancement; Zheng Tian likewise. Lu Zhi received silver-purple rank; Li Wei received gold-purple rank. Li Yi, acting minister of the Imperial Treasury, was made acting minister of works, prefect of Huazhou, censor-in-chief, and military commissioner of Yicheng with observation and disposition authority over Zheng, Hua, and Ying. Yazhou earthquakes from the sixth month into the seventh killed many. Henan commissioners were ordered to raise troops. Li Qi and Zheng Yan exchanged revenue and punishments posts; Zheng Yan became punishments director. Wang Hui and Xiao Yu were promoted while keeping hanlin posts. Zhao Meng and Zhang Tong were promoted.
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十一月，以司門員外郎鄭蕘為池州刺史，水部員外郎樊充為工部員外郎，汴宋度支使杜孺休為水部員外郎。 太常少卿崔渾貶康州刺史，揚州左司馬鄭祥為澧州刺史，度支分巡院使李仲章為建州刺史。
In the eleventh month Zheng Rao, Fan Chong, and Du Ruxiu received posts. Cui Hun, junior minister of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices, was demoted to prefect of Kangzhou; Zheng Xiang, left marshal of Yangzhou, became prefect of Lizhou; and Li Zhongzhang, commissioner of the Finance Branch Inspection Office, became prefect of Jianzhou.
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十二月，以右金吾衛將軍張簡會為左金吾大將軍，充右街使； 右龍武將軍李弢為右金吾將軍。 前陝西虢觀察使陸墉為太子賓客。 乾符四年春正月癸酉朔。 丁丑，降制赦天下系囚及徒流人放還。 以諫議大夫李湯為給事中，以兵部郎中崔厚為諫議大夫。 大理少卿王承顏為鹽州刺史，明州刺史殷僧辯為大理卿。 以吏部尚書鄭從讜、吏部侍郎孔晦、吏部侍郎崔蕘考宏詞選人。
In the twelfth month Zhang Jianhui and Li Tao received guard posts; Li Tao became right golden guard general. Lu Yong became crown prince guest. Qianfu 4 opened on guiyou. On dingchou a general amnesty freed prisoners and exiles. Li Tang and Cui Hou were promoted. Wang Chengyan and Yin Sengbian exchanged posts. Zheng Congdang, Kong Hui, and Cui Rao examined candidates.
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三月，以開府、行內侍監致仕劉行深為內侍省觀軍容、守內侍監致仕。 以判鹽鐵案、檢校考功郎中鄭溵為司封員外郎，充轉運判官。 兵部員外郎裴渥為蘄州刺史，職方員外郎盧澄為兵部員外郎。 以草賊大寇河南、山南，詔曰：「亂常幹紀，天地所不容； 伐罪吊人，帝王之大典。 曆觀往代，遍數前朝，其有怙眾稱兵，憑凶構孽，或疑迷於郡縣，或殘害於生靈。 初則狐假鴟張，自謂驍雄莫敵； 旋則鳥焚魚爛，無非破敗而終。 蓋以逆順相懸，幽明共怒。 近者龐勳拒命，王郢挻災，結聚至多，倡狂頗甚，尋則身膏原野，家受誅夷。 亦有方從叛亂，能自徊翔，移吉凶於反掌之間，變禍福于立談之際。 則諸葛爽今為刺史，硃實見存將軍，弘霸郎受職于禁營，宋再雄策名于淮海，莫不身名光顯，家族輝榮。 近准諸道奏報，草賊稍多，江西、淮南，宋、亳、曹、潁，或攻郡縣，或掠鄉村。 雖命兵師，且令招撫。 朕以寬弘為理，慈湣居心，每念蒼生，皆同赤子。 恨不能均其衣食，令致荒饑，寧忍迫以鋒芒，斷其身首。 如王仙芝及諸賊頭領能洗心悔過，散卒休兵，所在州府投降，便令具名聞奏，朝廷當議獎升。 如諸賊頑傲不悛，凶強自恃，即宜令諸道兵師掎角誅剪。 若諸軍全捕得一火草賊數至三百人已上者，超授將軍，賞錢一千貫。 如鄉材有幹勇才略，而能率合義徒，驅除草寇者，本處以聞，亦與重賞。 如鄭鎰、湯群之輩，已為刺史，朝廷故不食言。 敕到，宜令諸道明行宣諭，令知朕意。」 青州節度使宋威上表：「請步騎五千，特為一使，兼率本道兵士，所在討賊，必立微功以酬聖獎。」 優詔嘉之，乃授威諸道招討草賊使，仍給禁兵三千，甲馬五百匹。 仍諭河南方鎮曰：「王仙芝本為鹽賊，自號草軍，南至壽、盧，北經曹、宋。 半年燒劫，僅十五州； 兩火轉鬥，逾七千眾。 諸道發遣將士，同共討除，日月漸深，煙塵未息。 蓋以遞相觀望，虛費餱糧，州縣罄於供承，鄉材泣於侵暴。 今平盧軍節度使宋威深憤萑蒲，請行誅討。 朕以威前時蜀部，破南詔之全軍； 比歲徐州，摧龐勳之大陣。 官階甚貴，可以統諸道之都頭； 驍勇素彰，足以破伏戎之草寇。 今已授指揮諸道兵馬招討草賊使，侯宋威到本道日，供給犒設，並取上供錢支給。 仍命指揮都頭，凡攻討進退，取宋威處分。」 時賊渠王仙芝、尚君長在安州，宋威自青州與副使曹全晸進軍攻討，所在破賊。 是月，冤朐賊黃巢聚萬人攻鄆州，陷之，逐節度使薛崇。
In the third month Liu Xingshen was named army supervisor in retirement. Zheng Yin became seals vice director and transport judge. Pei Wo and Lu Cheng received posts. An edict: "Disorder of constants and violation of discipline—Heaven and Earth cannot contain them; punishing crime and comforting people—the emperor's great canon. Rebels always boast then burn— —yet always end in ruin. Heaven favors the obedient. Pang Xun and Wang Ye were destroyed; yet some rebels turned and were rewarded— —Zhuge Shuang, Zhu Shi, Hong Ba, and Song Zaixiong all prospered. Grass bandits now ravage Jiangxi, Huainan, and the central plains— —yet troops are ordered alongside summons to surrender. We rule with compassion as for infants— —and hate to cut them down with blades. Surrender and be rewarded; resist and be cut down. If Wang Xianzhi and the other rebel leaders cleanse their hearts, repent, disperse their followers, cease fighting, and surrender to the prefectures where they are, have their names reported in full. The court will discuss rewards and promotion. If the rebels remain stubborn, arrogant, and unreformed, relying on their own violence and strength, then order the forces of the circuits to converge on them and destroy them. Any army that captures an entire band of grass bandits numbering three hundred or more shall receive an extraordinary appointment to general rank and a reward of one thousand strings of cash. If local men of ability, courage, and strategy can gather righteous followers and drive out the grass bandits, have their home authorities report them; they too will receive generous rewards. Men such as Zheng Yi and Tang Qun have already been made prefects; the court does not break its word. When the edict arrives, have every circuit proclaim and explain it plainly, so they know our intent." Song Wei, military commissioner of Qingzhou, memorialized: "I request five thousand infantry and cavalry under a special commission. I will also lead this circuit's soldiers and attack rebels wherever they are, and will surely win some small merit to repay Your Majesty's favor." A favorable edict commended him. Song Wei was appointed commissioner for punitive operations against the grass bandits in all circuits, and was given three thousand forbidden-army troops and five hundred armored horses. The court also instructed the regional commands in Henan: "Wang Xianzhi was originally a salt bandit who styled his force the Grass Army. Southward he has reached Shou and Lu; northward he has passed through Cao and Song. For half a year they have burned and plundered nearly fifteen prefectures; two bands have turned from place to place fighting, with more than seven thousand followers. The circuits have dispatched generals and troops to suppress them together, but as the months drag on, the smoke and dust have still not settled. This is because they watch one another and hesitate, wasting rations while prefectures and counties are drained by supplying them and local men of talent suffer under invasion and violence. Now Song Wei, military commissioner of Pinglu Army, deeply resents these marshland bandits and asks to go punish them. We consider that Wei previously broke the entire army of Nanzhao in Shu; —and at Xuzhou had crushed Pang Xun's great array. His rank could unify all circuit commanders; his fierceness enough to break the grass bandits. He was to be supplied from upper tribute funds when he reached his circuit. Also order command heads—whatever attack, pursuit, advance, or retreat, take Song Wei's disposition." Wang Xianzhi and Shang Junzhang were at Anzhou; Song Wei advanced from Qingzhou and broke them. That month Huang Chao took Yanzhou and expelled Xue Chong.
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五月，幽州節度使李茂勳上表乞致仕，以其男可舉權知兵馬事。 制以壽王傑為開府儀同三司、幽州經略盧龍等軍節度觀察押奚契丹等使； 以幽州節度副使、權知兵馬事李可舉檢校左散騎常侍、幽州大都督府左司馬，充幽州兵馬留後。 制以幽州盧龍節度使、檢校工部尚書李茂勳守尚書左僕射致仕。 以前綿州刺史皇甫鏞為秘書少監，以陳州刺史許珂為睦州刺史，以右衛將軍程可復為左衛大將軍。 黃巢賊陷沂州。
In the fifth month Li Maoxun begged retirement for his son Keju. Prince of Shou Jie was named Youzhou overseer; Li Keju became acting Youzhou commander. Li Maoxun retired as acting left vice director. Huangfu Yong, Xu Ke, and Cheng Kefu received posts. Huang Chao took Yizhou.
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六月，以宣歙觀察使高駢檢校司空，兼潤州刺史、鎮海軍節度、蘇常杭潤觀察處置、江淮鹽鐵轉運、江西招討等使。 以汝州防禦使李鈞檢校尚書右僕射、潞州大都督府長史，充昭義軍節度、潞刑洺磁觀察等使。 幽州留後李可舉請以本軍討沙陀三部落，從之。 七月，黃巢自沂、海，其徒數萬，趨潁、蔡，入查牙山，遂與王仙芝合。
In the sixth month Gao Pian moved to Zhenhai at Runzhou. Li Jun took Zhaoyi at Luzhou. Li Keju was allowed to subdue the Shatuo with his army. In the seventh month Huang Chao marched from Yi and Hai to join Wang Xianzhi at Chaya Mountain.
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八月，賊陷隨州，執刺史崔休征。 群賊屯于白洑。 是月，江州賊首柳彥璋聚徒陷江州，殺刺史陶祥。
In the eighth month bandits took Suizhou and captured Cui Xiuzheng. Bandits camped at Baibo. That month Liu Yanzhang took Jiangzhou and killed Tao Xiang.
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九月，以中書舍人崔澹權知貢舉。 沙陀大寇雲、朔。
In the ninth month Cui Dan ran the examinations. Shatuo raided Yun and Shuo.
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十月，詔昭義節度李鈞、幽州李可舉、吐渾赫連鐸白義誠、沙陀安慶薛葛部落合兵討李國昌父子于蔚州。
In the tenth month allied armies were ordered against the Li Guochang at Weizhou.
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十一月，賊王仙芝率眾渡漢，攻江陵，節度使楊知溫嬰城拒守。 知溫本非禦侮之才，城無宿備，賊急攻之。
In the eleventh month Wang Xianzhi crossed the Han and besieged Jiangling. Yang Zhiwen, unprepared, could only hold the walls.
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十二月，賊陷江陵之郛，知溫窮蹙，求援於襄陽，山南東道節度使李福悉其師援之。 時沙陀軍五百騎在襄陽，軍次荊門，騎軍擊賊，敗之。 賊盡焚荊南郛郭而去。 乾符五年春正月丁酉朔，沙陀首領李盡忠陷遮虜軍。 太原節度使竇浣遣都押衙康傳圭率河東土團二千人屯代州，將發，求賞呼噪，殺馬步軍使鄧虔。 竇浣自入軍中安慰，仍借率富戶錢五萬貫以賞之。 朝廷以浣非禦侮才，以前昭義節度使曹翔檢校尚書右僕射，兼太原尹、北都留守、河東節度使； 又以左散騎常侍支謨為河東節度副使。
In the twelfth month they took Jiangling's outer city; Li Fu marched to rescue. Five hundred Shatuo horsemen at Jingmen routed the bandits. The bandits burned Jingnan's suburbs and withdrew. Qianfu 5 opened as Shatuo leader Li Jinzhong took Zhelu Army. Dou Huan's troops at Daizhou mutinied for pay and killed Deng Qian. Dou Huan borrowed fifty thousand strings to appease them. Cao Xiang replaced Dou Huan at Hedong; Zhi Mo became his vice commissioner.
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二月，王仙芝餘黨攻江西，招討使宋威出軍屢敗之，仍宣詔書諭仙芝。 仙芝致書於威，求節鉞，威偽許之。 仙芝令其大將尚君長、蔡溫玉奉表入朝，威乃斬君長、溫玉以徇。 仙芝怒，急攻洪州，陷其郛。 宋威赴援，與賊戰，大敗之，殺仙芝，傳首京師。 尚君長弟尚讓為黃巢党，以兄遇害，乃大驅河南、山南之民，其眾十萬，大掠淮南，其鋒甚銳。 侍中、晉國公王鐸請自督眾討賊，天子以宋威失策殺君長，乃以王鐸檢校司徒、兼侍中、門下侍郎、江陵尹、荊南節度使，充諸道兵馬都統。
In the second month Song Wei beat Wang Xianzhi's remnants while offering surrender terms. Wang Xianzhi begged a commission; Song Wei feigned assent. When Shang Junzhang and Cai Wenyu came to court, Song Wei executed them. Enraged, Wang Xianzhi stormed Hongzhou's outer city. Song Wei defeated him, killed Wang Xianzhi, and sent his head to the capital. Shang Rang, Huang Chao's ally, rallied a hundred thousand after his brother's death and ravaged Huainan. Wang Duo, palace attendant and Duke of Jin, requested to command the forces himself against the rebels. Because the Son of Heaven held that Song Wei had blundered by killing Junzhang, Wang Duo was made acting minister over the masses, concurrently palace attendant, vice director of the Chancellery, prefect of Jiangling, and military commissioner of Jingnan, and appointed supreme commander of the troops of all circuits.
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三月，王鐸奏兗州節度使李系為統府左司馬，兼潭州刺史，充湖南都團練觀察使。 黃巢之眾再攻江西，陷虔、吉、饒、信等州，自宣州渡江，由浙東欲趨福建，以無舟船，乃開山洞五百里，由陸趨建州，遂陷閩中諸州。 以吏部尚書鄭從讜、吏部侍郎崔沆考宏詞選人。
In the third month Li Xi became Hunan commander under Wang Duo. Huang Chao swept Jiangxi, crossed to Zhedong, tunneled into Fujian, and seized Minzhong. Zheng Congdang and Cui Hang examined candidates.
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七月，滑州、忠武、昭義諸道之師會於太原，大同軍副使支謨為前鋒，先趨行營。
In the seventh month allied armies gathered at Taiyuan with Zhi Mo as vanguard.
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八月，沙陀陷岢嵐軍，曹翔自率軍赴忻州。 翔至軍，中風而卒，諸軍皆退。 太原大懼，閉城門，昭義兵士為亂，劫坊市。
In the eighth month Shatuo took Koulun; Cao Xiang marched to Xinzhou. Cao Xiang died of stroke; the armies retreated. Taiyuan closed its gates as Zhaoyi troops rioted in the markets.
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九月，門下侍郎、吏部尚書、平章事李蔚檢校尚書左僕射，充東都留守； 以吏部尚書鄭從讜本官同平章事。
In the ninth month Li Wei became Eastern Capital regent; Zheng Congdang joined the Grand Council.
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十月，司空、平章事崔彥昭罷為太子太傅。
In the tenth month Cui Yanzhao retired as crown prince grand tutor.
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十一月，制以河東宣尉使、權知代北行營招討崔季康檢校戶部尚書，兼太原尹、北都留守，充河東節度、代北行營招討使。 沙陀攻右州，崔季康救之。
In the eleventh month Cui Jikang took Hedong and the north-of-Dai campaign. Cui Jikang rescued Youzhou from Shatuo attack.
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十二月，季康與北面行營招討使李鈞，與沙陀李克用戰於岢嵐軍之洪谷，王師大敗，鈞中流矢而卒。 戊戌，至代州，昭義軍亂，為代州百姓所殺殆盡。 以中書舍人張讀權知禮部貢舉。 乾符六年春正月辛卯朔，河東節度使崔季康自靜樂縣收合餘眾回軍，軍亂，殺孔目官石裕。 季康委眾遁歸行營，衙將張鍇、郭朏率其眾歸太原，兵士鼓噪，攻東陽門，入使衙，季康父子皆被害。
In the twelfth month Cui Jikang and Li Jun, commissioner for punitive operations of the northern field command, fought Shatuo Li Keyong at Hong Valley in Kelan Army. The royal army was routed, and Li Jun died after being struck by a stray arrow. On wuxu Zhaoyi troops were massacred at Daizhou. Zhang Du ran the Rites examinations. Qianfu 6 opened as Cui Jikang's returning army mutinied and killed Shi Yu. Cui Jikang fled; his troops stormed Taiyuan and killed him and his son.
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三月，以吏部侍郎崔沆、崔澹試宏詞選人，駕部郎中盧蕰、刑部郎中鄭頊為考官。 制以邠甯節度使李偘檢校戶部尚書，兼太原尹、北都留守，充河東節度等使。 四月，黃巢陷桂管。
In the third month Cui Hang and Cui Dan examined candidates. Li Kan was posted to Hedong. In the fourth month Huang Chao took Guiguan.
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五月，賊圍廣州，仍與廣南節度使李岩、浙東觀察使崔璆書，求保薦，乞天平節鉞。 璆岩上表論之，詔公卿議其可否。 宰相鄭畋、盧攜爭論於中書，詞語不遜，俱罷為太子賓客，分司東都。 以吏部侍郎崔沆為戶部侍郎，戶部侍郎、翰林學士豆盧彖為兵部侍郎，並本官同平章事。 黃巢陷廣州，大掠嶺南郡邑。
In the fifth month Huang Chao besieged Guangzhou and begged a Tianping commission. Li Yan and Cui Qiu memorialized; ministers debated. Zheng Tian and Lu Zhi quarreled and were banished to the Eastern Capital. Cui Hang, vice minister of personnel, was made vice minister of revenue; Doulu Zhuan, vice minister of revenue and Hanlin academician, was made vice minister of war; both became pingzhangshi while retaining their posts. Huang Chao took Guangzhou and plundered Lingnan.
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八月，制以特進、檢校司空、東都留守李蔚為檢校司徒、同平章事，兼太原尹、北都留守、河東節度觀察，兼代北行營招討供軍等使。
In the eighth month Li Wei returned to Hedong command.
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十月，制以鎮海軍節度、浙江西道觀察處置等使高駢檢校司徒、同平章事、揚州大都督府長史，充淮南節度副大使、知節度事、江淮鹽鐵轉運、江南行營招討等使，進封燕國公，食邑三千戶。 初，駢在浙西，遣大將張璘、梁績等大破黃巢於浙東，賊進寇福建，逾嶺表，故移鎮揚州。 時賊北逾大庾嶺，朝廷授駢諸道行營兵馬都統。 太原節度使李蔚卒。 以禮部侍郎張讀權知左丞事。
In the tenth month an order made Gao Pian, military commissioner of Zhenhai and commissioner for observation and disposition in western Zhejiang, acting minister over the masses, grand councillor, chief secretary of the Yangzhou grand commandery, deputy grand commissioner of Huainan and acting head of the commission, salt-and-iron transport commissioner for the Yangzi and Huai, and commissioner for punitive operations of the southern field command; he was advanced to Duke of Yan with an estate of three thousand households. Gao Pian, who had beaten Huang Chao in Zhejiang, was shifted to Yangzhou as the rebels moved south. As rebels crossed Dayu Ridge, Pian was named commander of all circuits. Li Wei died at Taiyuan. Zhang Du acted as left assistant.
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十一月，制以銀青光祿大夫、檢校右散騎常侍、河東行軍司馬、雁門代北制置等使、石嶺鎮北兵馬、代北軍等使、上柱國康傳圭檢校工部尚書，兼太原尹、北都留守、河東節度使。 時傳圭已率兵在代州，是月自行營赴任，兩都虞候張鍇、郭朏迎於鳥城驛，並殺之，軍中震悚。 又制以神策大將軍周寶檢校尚書左僕射，兼潤州刺史、鎮海軍節度、浙江西道觀察等使。 以定州已來制置內閑廄宮苑等使、金紫光祿大夫、檢校刑部尚書、上柱國、太原縣開國伯、食邑七百戶王處存檢校戶部尚書，兼定州刺史，充義武軍節度、易定觀察處置、北平軍等使。
In the eleventh month an order made Kang Chuangui, Silver-Blue Grand Master of Splendid Happiness, acting right attendant cavalier, field marshal of Hedong, commissioner for arrangements in Yanmen and Daibei, commander of the northern troops at Shiling Garrison, commissioner of Daibei Army, and supreme pillar of state, acting minister of works, concurrently prefect of Taiyuan, defender of the northern capital, and military commissioner of Hedong. Kang Chuanggui was murdered at Wucheng Station on his way to take office. Zhou Bao took Zhenhai at Runzhou. Wang Chucun, commissioner since Dingzhou for inner stables, palace parks, and related arrangements, Gold-Purple Grand Master of Splendid Happiness, acting minister of justice, supreme pillar of state, founding count of Taiyuan county with seven hundred households, was made acting minister of revenue, concurrently prefect of Dingzhou, and military commissioner of Yiwu with observation and disposition authority over Yi-Ding and command of Beiping Army.
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十二月，制以河東馬步軍都虞候朱玫為代州刺史。 以太子賓客分司盧攜為兵部尚書、同平章事； 太子賓客鄭畋檢校左僕射、鳳翔尹，充鳳翔節度使。 廣明元年春正月乙卯朔，上御宣政殿，制曰：「朕祗膺寶祚，嗣守宗祧，夙夜一心，勤勞八載，實欲驅黎元于仁壽，致華夏之升平。 而國步猶艱，群生寡遂，災迍薦起，寇孽仍臻。 竊弄干戈，連攻郡邑，雖輸降款，未息狂謀。 江右、海南，瘡痍既甚，湖湘荊漢，耕織屢空。 言念疲贏，良深軫惻。 我心未濟，天道如何。 賴近者嚴敕師徒，稍聞勝捷，皆明聖之潛祐，寧菲德以言功。 屬節變三陽，日當首歲，乃禦正殿，爰命改元，況及發生，是宜在宥。 自古繼業守文之主，握圖禦宇之君，必自正月吉辰，發號施令。 所以垂千年之懿範，固萬代之洪基，莫不由斯道也。 可改乾符七年為廣明元年。 近日東南州府，頻奏草賊結連。 本是平人，迫於饑饉，驅之為盜，情不願為。 委所在長吏子細曉諭，如自首歸降，保非詐偽，便須撫納，不要勘問。 如未倒戈，即登時剪撲。 東南州府遭賊之處，農桑失業，耕種不時。 就中廣州、荊南、湖南，資賊留駐，人戶逃亡，傷夷最甚，自廣明已前諸色稅賦，宜令十分減四。 其河中府、太原府遭賊寇掠處，亦宜准此。 吏部選人粟錯及除駁放者，除身名渝濫欠考外，並以比遠殘闕收注。 入仕之門，兵部最濫，全無根本，頗壞紀綱。 近者武官多轉入文官，依資除授，宜懲僭幸，以辨品流。 自今後武官不得轉入文官選改，所冀輪轅各適，秩序區分，其內司不在此限。」 沙陀部落逾鷹門關，進逼忻州。
In the twelfth month Zhu Mei became Daizhou prefect. Lu Zhi returned to the Grand Council; Zheng Tian took Fengxiang. Guangming 1, first month, yimao new moon: the Emperor attended Xuanzheng Hall; an edict: "We respectfully received the precious throne, succeeding and guarding the ancestral temples, day and night one heart, toiling eight years, truly wishing to drive the people toward benevolence and longevity and bring Huaxia to ascending peace. Eight years we have toiled, yet disasters and bandits persist— —rebels seize counties though some surrender. Jiangyou, Hainan, Hunan, and the Han valleys lie ruined— —and the weary break our heart. Our heart has not prevailed—what of Heaven's Way? Yet recent victories seem Heaven's aid, not our merit. At the year's turn we change the era and grant amnesty— —as sage rulers have always done at year's start. Thus we fix ten thousand generations' foundation. Change Qianfu 7 to Guangming 1. Southeast circuits report linked grass bandits— —common people driven by hunger, not willingly wicked. Instruct magistrates to accept sincere surrenders without torture— —but cut down those who resist. Where bandits have passed, farming has failed— —so reduce taxes four-tenths in Guangzhou, Jingnan, Hunan, and other ravaged regions. Hedong and Taiyuan receive the same relief. Personnel candidates with minor faults may fill distant vacancies. The War Ministry's appointments are corrupt— —and military officers must not transfer into civil ranks except the inner service. Hereafter military officials may not transfer into civil official selection and appointment; we hope wheels and hubs each fit, order distinguished—the inner service is not within this limit." Shatuo crossed Yingmen Pass toward Xinzhou.
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二月，沙陀逼太原，陷大穀。 康傳圭遣大將伊釗、張彥球、蘇弘軫分兵拒之于秦城驛，為沙陀所敗。 傳圭怒，斬蘇弘軫。 張彥球部下兵士為亂，倒戈攻太原，殺傳圭，監軍使周從寓安慰方定。 是月，制以開府儀同三司、門下侍郎、兼兵部尚書、同平章事、充太清宮使、弘文館大學士、延資庫使、上柱國、滎陽郡開國公、食邑三千戶鄭從讜檢校司空、同平章事，兼太原尹、北都留守，充河東節度、管內觀察處置兼行營招討供軍等使。 黃巢賊軍自衡、永州下，頻陷湖南、江西屬郡。 時都統王鐸前鋒都將李系守潭州，有眾五萬，並諸團結軍號十萬。 賊自桂陽編木為筏數千，其眾乘暴水沿湘而下，徑至潭州，急攻其城，一日而陷。 李系僅以身免，兵士五萬皆為賊所殺，流屍塞江。 賊將尚讓乘勝沿流而下，進逼江陵。 王鐸聞系軍敗，乃棄城奔襄陽。 別將劉漢宏大掠江陵之民，剽肅不勝其酷，士民亡竄山谷，江陵焚剽殆盡。 半月余，賊眾方至江陵。
In the second month Shatuo pressed Taiyuan and took Dagu. Kang Chuanggui's generals were defeated at Qincheng Station. Chuanggui executed Su Hongzhen in anger. Zhang Yanqiu's men mutinied, killed Chuanggui; Zhou Congyu restored order. That month an order sent Zheng Congdang, grandee of palace leisure with the three excellencies, vice director of the Chancellery, concurrently minister of war, grand councillor, commissioner of the Taiqing Palace, grand academician of the Hongwen Institute, commissioner of the Yanzi Treasury, supreme pillar of state, founding duke of Xingyang commandery with three thousand households, to serve as acting minister of works and grand councillor, concurrently prefect of Taiyuan and defender of the northern capital, and military commissioner of Hedong with observation, disposition, field punitive, and army-supply authority within the circuit. Huang Chao swept south through Hunan and Jiangxi. Wang Duo's forward commander Li Xi held Tanzhou with fifty thousand men and allied militia said to number one hundred thousand. Rebels rafted down the Xiang flood, reached Tanzhou, and stormed the city in a day. Li Xi alone escaped; fifty thousand troops were slaughtered and corpses choked the river. Shang Rang pressed downriver toward Jiangling. Wang Duo fled to Xiangyang on news of Xi's defeat. Liu Hanhong ravaged Jiangling until the city was nearly burned bare and the people fled to the hills. The rebel host reached Jiangling only after half a month.
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三月，賊悉眾欲寇襄陽，江西招討使曹全晸與襄陽節度使劉巨容謀拒之。 時營于荊門，賊軍一萬屯于團林驛。 全晸命巨容悉以精甲陣于林薄之中，自以騎軍挑戰，偽不勝而遁。 賊大乘之，比至荊門，其徒不成列，巨容發伏擊之，賊大潰而走。 全晸鐵騎急追之，比至江陵，十俘七八。 黃巢、尚讓以餘眾徒濟江。 全晸方渡江襲賊，遽詔至，以段彥謨為江西節度使，全晸乃還。 賊遂率舟軍東下，攻鄂州，陷其郛。 全晸救至，賊遂轉戰江西，陷江西饒、信、杭、衢、宣、歙、池等十五州。 全晸在江西。 朝廷以王鐸統眾無功，乃授淮南節度使高駢為諸道兵馬行營都統。 駢令大將張璘渡江討賊，屢捷。 賊眾疫癘，其將李罕之以一軍投淮南，其眾稍沮。 是月，沙陀寇忻、代，詔以汝州防禦使諸葛爽為北面行營副招討，率東都防禦兵士赴代州。
In the third month Cao Quanchao and Liu Jurong prepared to block the rebels from Xiangyang. The allies camped at Jingmen while ten thousand rebels held Tuanlin Post. Quanchao hid Jurong's elite troops in the woods and feigned a cavalry rout. The rebels broke ranks at Jingmen; Jurong's ambush routed them. Quanchao's pursuit captured seven or eight rebels in ten by Jiangling. Huang Chao and Shang Rang crossed the river with survivors. An edict recalled Quanchao when Duan Yanmo took Jiangxi. The rebels sailed east, took Ezhou's outer city. Quanchao's rescue failed; rebels overran fifteen Jiangxi prefectures. Quanchao stayed in Jiangxi. Wang Duo failed; Gao Pian became overall campaign commander. Zhang Lin crossed the Yangzi and won repeated victories. Rebel plague and Li Hanzhi's defection to Huainan broke rebel morale. Shatuo raided Xin and Dai; Zhuge Shuang led eastern-capital troops north.
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四月甲申朔，大雨雹，大風拔兩京街樹十二三，東都長夏門內古槐十拔七八，宮殿鴟尾皆落。 丁酉，制以檢校吏部尚書、前太常卿、上柱國、隴西郡開國公、食邑三千戶李琢為光祿大夫、檢校尚書右僕射、御史大夫，充蔚朔等州諸道行營都招討使； 應東北面行營李孝昌、李元禮、諸葛爽、王重盈、朱玫等兵馬及忻、代州土團，並取琢處分。 以內常侍張存禮充都糧料使，判官崔鋋充制置副使。
On jiazi hail and wind ravaged both capitals and stripped palace roofs. On dingyou an order made Li Zhuo, acting minister of personnel, former minister of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices, supreme pillar of state, founding duke of Longxi commandery with three thousand households, Grand Master of Splendid Happiness, acting right vice director of the Department of State Affairs, and censor-in-chief, and appointed him overall commissioner for punitive operations of the field commands in Yu, Shuo, and related prefectures; The troops of the northeastern and northern field commands under Li Xiaochang, Li Yuanli, Zhuge Shuang, Wang Chongying, Zhu Mei, and the others, along with the Xinzhou and Daizhou militia, were all placed under Li Zhuo's command. Zhang Cunli and Cui Chan managed campaign provisions.
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六月，代北行營招討使李琢、幽州節度使李可舉、吐渾首領赫連鐸等軍討李克用於雲州。 時克用令其大將軍傅文達守蔚州，高文集守朔州。 吐渾赫連鐸遣人說高文集令歸國，文集與沙陀首領李友金、薩葛都督米海萬、安慶都督史敬存以前蔚州歸款于李琢。 時克用率眾禦燕軍于雄武軍。
In the sixth month Zhuo, Keju, and Helian Duo besieged Keyong at Yunzhou. Keyong left Fu Wenda at Yun and Gao Wenji at Shuo. Gao Wenji and Shatuo allies surrendered Yun to Zhuo. Keyong met the Yan army at Xiongwu.
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七月，沙陀三部落李友金等開門迎大軍，克用聞之，亟來赴援，為李可舉之追擊，大敗於藥兒嶺。 李琢、赫連鐸又擊敗於蔚州，降文達，李克用部下皆潰，獨與國昌及諸兄弟北入達靼部。 乃以吐渾都督赫連鐸為雲州刺史、大同軍防禦使，吐渾白義誠為蔚州刺史，薩葛米海萬為朔州刺史，加李可舉檢校司徒、同平章事。
Youjin opened the gates; Keyong was crushed at Yao'er Ridge. Keyong fled north to the Tatabi after defeat at Yunzhou. The court then made Helian Duo, Tuhun commander-in-chief, prefect of Yunzhou and defense commissioner of Datong Army; Bai Yicheng of the Tuhun prefect of Weizhou; Mihaiwan of the Sage prefect of Shuozhou; and added to Li Keju the titles acting minister over the masses and grand councillor.
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八月，黃巢之眾渡江寇淮南。 是歲春末，賊在信州疫癘，其徒多喪。 淮南將張璘急擊之，賊懼，以金啖璘，仍致書高駢乞保命歸國。 駢信之，厚待其使，許求節鉞。 時昭義、武甯、義武等軍兵馬數萬赴淮南，駢欲收功於己，乃奏賊已將殄，不假諸道之師，並遣還北。 賊知諸軍已退，以求節鉞不獲，暴怒，與駢絕，請戰。 駢怒，令張璘整軍擊之，為賊所敗，臨陣殺璘。 賊遂乘勝渡江，攻天長、六合等縣，駢不能拒，但決陳登水自固而已。 朝廷聞賊復振，大恐，詔河南諸道之師屯于溵水。 官軍大集，賊未北渡。 時兗州節度使齊克讓屯汝州。
In the eighth month Huang Chao raided Huainan. Plague at Xinzhou decimated the rebels. Rebels bribed Zhang Lin and begged Pian for amnesty. Pian believed the rebels and promised them a commission. Pian sent allied armies home, claiming the rebels were nearly finished. Denied a commission, the rebels broke with Pian and fought. Pian sent Zhang Lin to attack; the rebels killed him. Rebels crossed into Tianchang; Pian could only flood Chengdeng to shield himself. The court massed Henan troops at Yinshui. Armies gathered; rebels had not crossed the Huai north. Qi Kerang held Ruzhou.
142
九月，徐州兵三千人赴溵水，途經許。 許州節度使薛能前為徐帥，得軍民情。 徐軍吏至，請館，能以徐軍懷惠，令館於州內。 許軍懼徐人見襲，許州大將周岌自溵水以其戍卒還，逐薛能，自據其城。 徐軍已至河陰，聞許軍亂，徐將時溥亦以戍兵還徐，逐節度使支詳。 齊克讓懼兵見襲，亦還兗州。 溵水諸軍皆散。 賊聞之，十月，乃悉眾渡淮。 黃巢自號率土大將軍，其眾富足，自淮已北整眾而行，不剽財貨，惟驅丁壯為兵耳。
Three thousand Xuzhou troops marched through Xu toward Yinshui. Xue Neng, once Xu commander, knew the troops' mood. Neng quartered Xu troops inside the city out of old goodwill. Zhou Ji expelled Xue Neng and seized Xu. Shi Bo expelled Zhi Xiang at Xuzhou after Xu's mutiny. Qi Kerang retreated to Yanzhou. The Yinshui camp dissolved. In the tenth month the rebels crossed the Huai in force. Huang Chao styled himself ruler of all lands; north of the Huai his host pressed men into service without looting.
143
十一月辛亥朔。 己巳，賊陷東都，留守劉允章率分司官屬迎謁之，賊供頓而去，坊市晏然。 壬申，陷虢州。 丙子，攻潼關，守關諸將望風自潰。
The eleventh month opened on xinhai. On jisi rebels entered Luoyang; Liu Yunzhang welcomed them and the city stayed calm. On renshen Guo fell. On bingzi Tong Pass defenders fled.
144
十二月庚辰朔。 辛巳，賊據潼關。 時左軍中尉田令孜專政，宰相盧攜曲事之，相與誤謀，以至傾敗。 令孜恐眾罪加己，請貶攜官，命學士王徽、裴徹為相。 甲申，宣制以戶部侍郎、翰林學士王徽、裴徹本官同平章事。 貶右僕射、門下侍郎、平章事盧攜為太子賓客。 攜聞賊至，仰藥而死。 是日，上與諸王、妃、後數百騎，自子城由含光殿金光門出幸山南，文武百官僚不之知，並無從行者，京城晏然。 是日晡晚，賊入京城，時右驍衛大將張直方率武官十余迎黃巢於坡頭。 壬辰，黃巢據大內，僭號大齊，稱年號金統。 悉陳文物，據丹鳳門偽赦。 乙太常博士皮日休、進士沈雲翔為學士。 為偽赦書云：「揖讓之儀，廢已久矣，竄遁之跡，良用憮然。 朝臣三品已上並停見任，四品已下宜復舊位。」 以趙章為中書令，尚讓為太尉，崔璆為中書侍郎、平章事。 時宰相豆盧彖崔沆、故相左僕射劉鄴、太子少師裴諗、御史中丞趙蒙、刑部侍郎李溥、故相於琮皆從駕不及，匿於閭裏，為賊所捕，皆遇害。 將作監鄭綦、庫部郎中鄭系義不臣賊，舉家雉經而死。 中和元年春正月庚戌朔，車駕在興元。 以翰林學士承旨、尚書戶部侍郎、知制誥蕭遘為兵部侍郎，充諸道鹽鐵轉運等使； 尋以本官同平章事，領使如故。 以宿州刺史劉漢宏為越州刺史、鎮東軍節度、浙江東道觀察處置等使。 詔太原節度使鄭從讜發本道之師，與北面行營招討副使諸葛爽、代州刺史北面行營馬步都虞候朱玫、夏州將李思恭等行營諸軍，並赴京師討賊。 河中馬步都虞候王重榮逐其帥李都，自稱留後。
The twelfth month opened on gengchen. On xinsi rebels held Tong Pass. Tian Lingzi and Lu Xie misruled the court into collapse. Lingzi demoted Lu Xie and made Wang Hui and Pei Che chancellors. On jiashen Wang Hui and Pei Che joined the council. Lu Xie was demoted to heir-apparent guest. Lu Xie poisoned himself on news of the rebels. That day the emperor fled south unseen by officials; the capital seemed calm. At dusk Zhang Zhifang welcomed Huang Chao into Chang'an. On renchen Huang Chao declared the Great Qi and era Jintong. He displayed regalia and issued a false amnesty at Danfeng Gate. Pi Rixiu and Shen Yunxiang became rebel academicians. The false amnesty read: "The rites of yielding the throne have long been abandoned; flight and hiding rightly stir distress. Officials of third rank and above are all suspended from current posts; fourth rank and below should return to former positions." Zhao Zhang, Shang Rang, and Cui Kui took top rebel posts. At the time the chief ministers Doulu Zhuan and Cui Hang, the former chief minister and left vice director Liu Ye, the crown prince's junior preceptor Pei Shen, vice censor-in-chief Zhao Meng, vice minister of justice Li Pu, and former chief minister Yu Cong had all failed to catch up with the imperial escort. They hid in neighborhood lanes, were captured by the rebels, and were all killed. Zheng Qi and Zheng Xi hanged their families rather than serve rebels. Zhonghe 1 opened with the court at Xingyuan. Xiao Zhan took war and salt transport. He soon joined the Grand Council while keeping transport. Liu Hanhong, prefect of Suzhou, was made prefect of Yuezhou, military commissioner of Zhendong, and observation and disposition commissioner of eastern Zhejiang. An edict ordered Zheng Congdang, military commissioner of Taiyuan, to dispatch the troops of his circuit and join the field armies of Zhuge Shuang, deputy commissioner for punitive operations of the northern command; Zhu Mei, prefect of Daizhou and cavalry-and-infantry commandant of the northern field command; Li Sigong, general from Xiazhou; and others in marching to the capital to attack the rebels. Wang Chongrong expelled Li Du at Hezhong.
145
二月，代州北面行營都監押陳景思率沙陀、薩葛、安慶等三部落與吐渾之眾三萬赴援關中，次絳州。 沙陀首領翟稽俘掠絳州叛還，景思知不可用，遣使詣行在，請赦李國昌父子，令討賊以贖罪，從之。
In the second month Chen Jingsi, chief supervisory controller of the northern field command at Daizhou, led thirty thousand men from the Shatuo, Sage, Anqing, and other three tribal groups, together with Tuhun forces, to aid Guanzhong; they halted at Jiangzhou. Zhai Ji rebelled; the court pardoned the Li clan to fight rebels.
146
三月，陳景思齎詔入達靼，召李克用軍屯蔚州，克用因大掠雁門已北軍鎮。 以鳳翔節度使鄭畋守司空、門下侍郎、同平章事，充京西諸道行營都統，與涇原節度使程宗楚、秦州經略使仇公遇、鄜延節度使李孝昌、夏州節度使拓拔思恭等同盟起兵，傳檄天下。 黃巢遣大將林言、尚讓率眾數萬寇鳳翔，鄭畋率師逆擊，大敗賊眾于龍尾陂。
Keyong answered the summons but plundered north of Yanmen. Zheng Tian, military commissioner of Fengxiang, was made acting minister of works, vice director of the Chancellery, and grand councillor, and appointed supreme commander of the western-capital field commands; he formed an alliance and raised troops with Cheng Zongchu, military commissioner of Jingyuan, Qiu Gongyu, strategy commissioner of Qinzhou, Li Xiaochang, military commissioner of Fu-Yan, Tuoba Sigong, military commissioner of Xiazhou, and others, and sent proclamations throughout the empire. Zheng Tian crushed rebels at Longwei Slope.
147
四月，以前大同軍防禦使李克用檢校工部尚書，兼代州刺史、雁門已北行營兵馬節度等使。
Keyong received northern command and Dai prefecture.
148
五月，李克用赴代州，遂率蕃、漢兵萬人南出石嶺關，稱准詔赴難長安。 丁巳，沙陀軍至太原，鄭從讜供給糧料。 辛酉，沙陀求發軍賞錢，從讜與錢千貫，米千石。 克用怒，縱兵大掠。 從讜求援于振武，契苾通自率兵來赴，與沙陀戰于晉王嶺。 沙陀敗走，陷榆次、陽曲而退。 是日大風，天雨土。 特進、尚書右僕射趙隱卒，贈司空。
Keyong marched ten thousand south through Shiling to save Chang'an. On dingsi Shatuo reached Taiyuan and were fed. On xinyou Congdang gave meager bounty; Keyong grew angry. Keyong's troops plundered Taiyuan. Qibi Tong fought Shatuo at Jinwang Ridge. Shatuo seized Yuci and Yangqu and withdrew. That day wind blew and dust fell like rain. Zhao Yin died and was posthumously Minister of Works.
149
六月，沙陀退還代州。 車駕幸成都府，西川節度使陣敬瑄自來迎奉。
In the sixth month Shatuo returned to Dai. The court reached Chengdu; Chen Jingxuan welcomed it.
150
七月丁未朔。 乙卯，車駕至西蜀。 丁巳，禦成都府廨，改廣明二年為中和元年，大赦天下。 以兵部侍郎、判度支韋昭度本官同平章事。 以侍中王鐸檢校太尉、中書令，兼滑州刺史、義成軍節度、鄭滑觀察處置，兼充京城四面行營都統； 以太子太保崔安潛為副。 觀軍容使西門思恭為天下行營兵馬都監押； 中書侍郎、平章事、諸道鹽鐵轉運等使韋昭度為供軍使。 時淮南節度使高駢為諸道行營都統，自車駕出幸，中使相繼促駢起軍，駢托以周寶、劉漢宏不利於己，遷延半歲，竟不出軍，乃以鐸為都統。 以河中節度使王重榮為京城北面都統，義武軍節度使王處存為京城東面都統，鄜延節度使李孝昌為京城西面都統，朔方軍節度使拓拔思恭為京城南面都統。 以忠武監軍使楊復光為天下行營兵馬都監，代西門思恭。 許王鐸以便宜從事。 遣郎官、御史分行天下，徵兵赴關內。
The seventh month opened on dingwei. On yimao the court entered western Shu. On dingsi the era became Zhonghe with universal amnesty. Wei Zhaodu joined the council. Wang Duo, palace attendant, was made acting grand commandant and director of the Secretariat, concurrently prefect of Huazhou, military commissioner of Yicheng, and observation and disposition commissioner of Zheng-Hua, and also overall commander of the field commands on the four sides of the capital; Cui Anqian became deputy commander. Ximen Sigong oversaw campaign armies. Wei Zhaodu supplied the armies. Gao Pian delayed half a year; Wang Duo replaced him. Wang Chongrong, military commissioner of Hezhong, was made northern-side commander of the capital; Wang Chucun, military commissioner of Yiwu, eastern-side commander; Li Xiaochang, military commissioner of Fu-Yan, western-side commander; and Tuoba Sigong, military commissioner of Shuofang, southern-side commander. Yang Fuguang replaced Ximen Sigong as army supervisor. Wang Duo could act at discretion. Envoys levied troops for Guanzhong.
151
八月，代北行營兵馬使諸葛爽、朱玫、拓拔思恭等軍屯渭橋。 朱玫屯興平，為賊將王璠所擊，退保奉天。 諸葛爽降賊，偽署爽河陽節度使。 許州牙將秦宗權奏破賊於汝州，乃授宗權察州防禦使。 昭義節度使高潯與賊將李詳戰于石橋，為賊所敗，退歸河中。 賊乘勝陷同州。
In the eighth month allied armies camped at Wei Bridge. Zhu Mei was beaten back to Fengtian. Zhuge Shuang surrendered and took a false Heyang post. Qin Zongquan was made Chai defense commissioner. Gao Xun lost to Li Xiang and fell back to Hezhong. Rebels took Tongzhou.
152
九月，澤潞高潯牙將劉廣擅還據潞州。 是月，潯天井關戍將孟方立率戍卒攻劉廣，殺之。 方立遂自稱留後，仍移軍鎮于邢州。 制以京城四面催陣使、守兵部尚書王徽檢校左僕射，兼潞州大都督府長史、昭義節度、潞邢洺磁觀察等使。 貶高潯端州刺史。 楊復光、王重榮以河西、昭義、忠武、義成之師屯武功。 鳳翔節度使鄭畋以病徵還行在，以鳳翔大將李昌言代畋為節度使，兼京城西面行營都統。
Liu Guang seized Lu prefecture. Meng Fangli killed Liu Guang. Meng Fangli became acting commander at Xing. An order made Wang Hui, commissioner for urging the formations on the four sides of the capital and acting minister of war, acting left vice director of the Department of State Affairs, concurrently chief secretary of the Luzhou grand commandery, and military commissioner of Zhaoyi with observation authority over Lu, Xing, Ming, and Ci. Gao Xun was banished to Duanzhou. Allied armies camped at Wugong. Li Changyan replaced the ill Zheng Tian at Fengxiang.
153
十月，青州軍亂，逐節度使安師儒，立其行營將王敬武為留後。
Qingzhou troops made Wang Jingwu acting commander.
154
十二月，行營都統王鐸率禁軍、山南東川之師三萬至京畿，屯於盩厔。 中和二年春正月甲辰朔，天下勤王之師，雲會京畿，京師食盡。 賊食樹皮，以金玉買人于行營之師，人獲數百萬。 山谷避亂百姓，多為諸軍之所執賣。
In the twelfth month Wang Duo, overall commander of the field armies, led thirty thousand troops from the forbidden armies and from Shannan East and East Chuan to the capital region and camped at Zhouzhi. Zhonghe 2 opened with the capital starving amid converging allies. Rebels bought people from allied camps with gold. Armies sold refugees they captured.
155
二月，涇原大將唐弘夫大敗賊將林言于興平，俘斬萬計。 王處存率軍二萬，徑入京城，賊偽遁去。 京師百姓迎處存，歡呼叫噪。 是日軍士無部伍，分占第宅，俘掠妓妾。 賊自灞上分門復入，處存之眾蒼黃潰亂，為賊所敗。 黃巢怒百姓歡迎處存，凡丁壯皆殺之，坊市為之流血。 自是諸軍退舍，賊鋒愈熾。
Tang Hongfu routed Lin Yan at Xingping. Wang Chucun entered Chang'an as rebels feigned flight. Citizens cheered Wang Chucun's entry. Allied troops looted mansions and seized women. Rebels re-entered and routed Chucun. Huang Chao massacred men after the welcome for Chucun. Allies withdrew and rebel power surged.
156
三月，前蔚州刺史蘇祐為沙陀所敗，棄郡投鎮州，至靈壽，部人為盜，祐為王景崇所殺。
Su You was killed fleeing Shatuo.
157
七月辛丑朔。 丙午夜，西北方赤氣，如絳虹竟天。 賊將尚讓攻宜君砦，雨雪盈尺，甚寒，賊兵凍死者十二三。
The seventh month opened on xinchou. On bingwu night a crimson arc filled the sky. Snow and cold decimated Shang Rang's force at Yijun.
158
八月庚子，賊同州防禦使朱溫殺其監軍嚴實，與大將胡真、謝瞳等來降，王鐸承制拜華州刺史、潼關防禦、鎮國軍等使。 魏博節度韓簡自率軍三萬攻河陽，偽署節度使諸葛爽棄城而去，簡遣大將守河橋而還。
In the eighth month, on gengzi, Zhu Wen, the rebel defense commissioner of Tongzhou, killed his army supervisor Yan Shi and came over in surrender with the generals Hu Zhen, Xie Tong, and others. Wang Duo, acting by delegated authority, appointed him prefect of Huazhou and commissioner of Tong Pass defense and Zhenguo Army. Han Jian drove Zhuge Shuang from Heyang.
159
九月，賊以黃鄴為華州刺史。 初，賊以李詳守華州，詳與朱溫素善，及溫歸河中，黃巢遣閹官後冗率功臣馬千匹至華殺詳，以鄴代歸。 太原諸山桃杏有花實。
Rebels installed Huang Ye at Hua. Huang Chao killed Li Xiang and replaced him with Huang Ye. Taiyuan peaches and apricots flowered out of season.
160
十月，西北方無雲而雷，名「天狗墜」。 以嵐州刺史湯群為懷州刺史，時群倚沙陀為援，朝廷疑而易之。 鄭從讜遣人傳官告授群，群怒，殺使者，據城，內沙陀。 魏博節度使韓簡以兵攻鄆州，節度使曹全晸拒之，為簡所敗，執而殺之。 全晸大將朱瑄以餘眾保鄆州，乞和于簡，簡舍之而去。
Tenth month: cloudless thunder in the northwest was called "Heaven Dog Falling." Tang Qun was moved from Lan amid Shatuo ties. Tang Qun killed the envoy and admitted Shatuo. Han Jian killed Cao Quanchao at Yanzhou. Zhu Xuan held Yan and made peace with Han Jian.
161
十一月，沙陀李克用監軍陳景思以部落之眾一萬七千騎自嵐石州路赴河中。 賊將李詳下牙隊斬華州守將歸明，王鐸用其部將王遇為華州刺史。
Chen Jingsi brought seventeen thousand Shatuo cavalry to Hezhong. Wang Yu replaced the slain Gui Ming at Hua.
162
十二月己亥朔。 庚戌，成德軍節度、鎮冀深趙觀察處置等使、開府儀同三司、檢校太尉、中書令、上柱國、常山郡王、食邑六千戶王景崇卒，贈太傅，諡曰忠穆。 遺表請以子鎔纘繼戎事，遂以鎔為兵馬留後。 中和三年春正月戊辰朔，車駕在成都府。 雁門節度使、檢校工部尚書李克用率師至河中。 己巳，沙陀軍進屯沙苑之乾坑。
The twelfth month opened on jihai. On gengxu Wang Jingchong, military commissioner of Chengde, observation and disposition commissioner of Zhen, Ji, Shen, and Zhao, grandee of palace leisure with the three excellencies, acting grand commandant, director of the Secretariat, supreme pillar of state, Prince of Changshan commandery with six thousand households, died. He was posthumously made grand tutor and given the posthumous title Loyal and Solemn. Wang Yin succeeded his father as acting commander. Zhonghe 3 opened at Chengdu. Li Keyong reached Hezhong. Shatuo camped at Qian Pit in Sha Yuan.
163
二月，沙陀攻華州，刺史黃鄴出奔至石堤穀，追擒之。 魏博節度使韓簡再興兵討河陽，諸葛爽遣大將李罕之拒之于武陟，逆擊之，魏軍大敗而還。 大將樂彥禎先據魏州，韓簡為部下所殺，推彥禎為留後。 就加李克用檢校尚書左僕射、忻代雲蔚等州觀察處置等使。
Huang Ye was captured fleeing Hua. Li Hanzhi routed Han Jian at Wuzhi. Yue Yanzhen replaced the slain Han Jian at Weibo. Keyong was advanced to left vice premier.
164
三月丁卯朔。 壬申，沙陀軍與賊將趙章、尚讓戰于成店，賊軍大敗，追奔至良天坡，橫屍三十里； 王重榮築屍為京觀。
The third month opened on dingmao. Shatuo routed rebels at Chengdian for thirty li of dead. Wang Chongrong built a corpse mound.
165
四月丁酉朔。 庚子，沙陀、忠武、義成、義武等軍趨長安，賊悉眾拒之於渭橋，大敗而還； 李克用乘勝追之。 己卯，黃巢收其殘眾，由藍田關而遁。 庚辰，收復京城。 天下行營兵馬都監楊復光上章告捷行在，曰：「頃者妖興霧市，嘯聚叢祠，而岳牧籓侯，備盜不謹。 謂大同之運，常可容奸； 謂無事之秋，縱其長惡。 賊首黃巢，因得充盈窟穴，蔓延萑蒲，驅我蒸黎，徇其凶逆。 展鉏鶴以成鋒刃，殺耕牛以恣燔砲，魑魅晝行，虺蜴夜噬。 自南海失守，湖外喪師，養虎災深，馴梟逆大。 物無不害，惡靡不為，豺狼貽朝市之憂，瘡磐及腹心之痛。 遂至毒流萬姓，盜汙兩京，衣冠銜塗炭之悲，郡邑起丘墟之歎。 萬方共怒，十道齊攻，仗九廟之威靈，殄積年之凶醜。 河中節度使王重榮神資壯烈，天賦機謀，誓立功名，志安家國。 至於屯田待敵，率士當沖，收百姓十萬余家，降賊党三萬餘眾。 法能持重，功遂晚成，久稽原野之刑，未決雷霆之怒。 自收同、華，進逼京師，夕烽高照于國門，遊騎頻臨於灞岸。 既知四隅斷絕，百計奔沖，如窮鳥觸籠，似飛蛾赴焰。 雁門節度使李克用神傳將略，天付忠貞，機謀與武藝皆優，臣節共本心相稱。 殺賊無非手刃，入陣率以身先，可謂雄才，得名飛將。 統領本軍南下，與臣同力前驅，雖在寢興，不忘寇孽。 今月八日，遣衙隊將前鋒楊守宗、河中騎將白志遷、橫野軍使滿存、躡雲都將丁行存、朝邑鎮將康師貞、忠武黃頭軍使龐從等三十二都，隨李克用自光泰門先入京師，力摧凶逆。 又遣河中將劉讓王瑰冀君武孫珙、忠武大將喬從遇、鄭滑將韓從威、荊南大將申屠忭、滄州大將賈滔、易定大將張仲慶、壽州大將張行方、天德大將顧彥朗、左神策弩手甄君楚公孫佐、橫沖軍使楊守亮、躡雲都將高周彝、忠順都將胡貞、絳州監軍毛宣伯聶弘裕等七十都繼進。 賊尚為堅陣，來抗官軍。 李克用率勵驍雄，整齊金革，叫噪而聲將動瓦，喑嗚而氣欲吞沙。 寬列戈矛，麾軍夾擊，自卯至申，凶徒大敗。 自望春宮蹙殺，至升陽殿合圍，戈不濫揮，矢無虛發。 其賊即時奔遁，散入商山，徒延漏刃之生，佇作飲頭之器。 伏自收平京國，三面皆立大功，若破敵摧鋒，雁門實居其首。 其餘將佐，同效驅馳，兼臣所部二萬餘人，數歲櫛風沐雨，既茲蕩定，並錄以聞。」 報至，從官稱賀。
The fourth month opened on dingyou. Allied armies routed rebels at Wei Bridge. Li Keyong pursued. On jimao Huang Chao fled through Lantian. On gengchen Chang'an was recovered. Overall campaign army supervisor Yang Fuguang memorialized victory to the court, saying: "Lately demons rose in mist markets and gathered in shrines, while governors and frontier lords were lax against bandits. They thought the dynasty could always harbor traitors; they let wickedness grow in peacetime. Huang Chao spread revolt and drove the people. Rebels forged weapons and terrorized day and night. Southern losses fed the rebels' strength. Rebel cruelty reached the empire's heart. The capitals and countryside were ruined. Ten circuits destroyed the rebels by the ancestral temples' power. Wang Chongrong was bold and loyal. Chongrong sheltered civilians and reduced rebel bands. Chongrong's victory came after long restraint. Chongrong's beacons blazed at the capital gates. Trapped rebels rushed every escape. Li Keyong was loyal, skilled, and fierce. Keyong killed rebels with his own hand and led every charge. Keyong marched south and never forgot the enemy. On the eighth Keyong's thirty-two commands entered through Guangtai Gate. He also sent seventy more commands onward into the capital, including the Hezhong generals Liu Rang, Wang Gui, Ji Junwu, and Sun Gong; Qiao Congyu, senior general of Zhongwu; Han Congwei, general from Zheng-Hua; Shentu Bian, senior general of Jingnan; Jia Tao, senior general of Cangzhou; Zhang Zhongqing, senior general of Yi-Ding; Zhang Xingfang, senior general of Shouzhou; Gu Yanlang, senior general of Tiande; the Left Divine Strategy crossbowmen Zhen Junchu and Gongsun Zuo; Yang Shouliang, commissioner of the Hengchong Army; Gao Zhouyi, commander of the Nieyun force; Hu Zhen, commander of the Zhongshun force; and the Jiangzhou army supervisors Mao Xuanbo and Nie Hongyu. Rebels still held firm lines. Keyong's shouts shook the battlefield. From mao to shen Keyong crushed the rebels. The encirclement from Wangchun to Shengyang spared no blow. Rebels fled into Shangshan awaiting decapitation. Yanmen ranked first in recovering the capital. Other officers likewise drove hard; with my own more than twenty thousand, years in wind and rain—now that calm is achieved, all are recorded and reported." The victory report brought court congratulations.
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五月，制以河中節度使、檢校尚書右僕射王重榮檢校司空、同平章事，餘如故。 雁門已北行營節度、忻代蔚朔等州觀察處置等使、檢校尚書左僕射、代州刺史、上柱國、食邑七百戶李克用檢校司空、同平章事，兼太原尹、北京留守，充河東節度、管內觀察處置等使。 義武軍節度使、檢校司空王處存檢校司徒、同平章事，餘如故。 以檢校尚書右僕射、華州刺史、潼關防禦等使朱溫檢校司空，兼汴州刺史、御史大夫，充宣武節度觀察等使，仍賜名全忠。 京城西北面行營都統、金紫光祿大夫、檢校司空、邠甯節度使朱玫就加同平章事，進封吳興縣侯，食邑一千戶。 鄜坊節度使、金紫光祿大夫、檢校尚書右僕射東方逵就加同平章事。 王鐸罷行營都統，依前檢校太師、中書令，進封晉國公，加食邑二千戶，節度觀察使如故。 時中尉田令孜用事，自負帷幄之功，以鐸用兵無功，而由楊復光建策召沙陀成破賊之效，欲權歸北司，乃黜王而悅復光也。 就加諸道行營兵馬都監楊復光開府儀同三司、弘農郡開國公，食邑三千戶，充同華等州管內制置使，仍賜號「資忠耀武匡國平難功臣。」 六月乙未朔。 甲子，楊復光卒於河中，其部下忠武八都都頭鹿晏弘、晉暉、王建、韓建等各以其眾散去。 時復光兄復恭知內樞密，田令孜以復光立破賊功，憚而惡之，故賊平賞薄。 及聞復光死，甚悅，復擯復恭，罷樞密為飛龍使。 是月，黃巢圍陳州，營於州北五里。 初，賊出藍田關，遣前鋒將孟楷攻蔡州，刺史秦宗權以兵逆戰，為楷所敗，宗權勢窘，與賊通和。 孟楷移兵攻陳州，刺史趙犨示弱，伏兵擊之，臨陣斬楷。 楷，賊之愛將，深惜之。 黃巢怒，悉眾攻陳州。 時黃巢與宗權合從，縱兵四掠，遠近皆罹其酷。 時仍歲大饑，民無積聚，賊俘人為食，其砲炙處謂之「舂磨寨」，白骨山積，喪亂之極，無甚於斯。 賊攻城急，徐州節度使時溥、許州周岌、汴州朱全忠皆出師護援之。
In the fifth month an order made Wang Chongrong, military commissioner of Hezhong and acting right vice director of the Department of State Affairs, acting minister of works and grand councillor; the rest of his posts remained as before. Li Keyong, military commissioner of the field command north of Yanmen, observation and disposition commissioner of Xin, Dai, Yu, Shuo, and related prefectures, acting left vice director of the Department of State Affairs, prefect of Daizhou, supreme pillar of state, and holder of an estate of seven hundred households, was made acting minister of works and grand councillor, concurrently prefect of Taiyuan and defender of the northern capital, and military commissioner of Hedong with observation and disposition authority within the circuit. Wang Chucun was advanced to education minister and councillor. Zhu Wen became Xuanwu commander and received the name Quanzhong. Zhu Mei became councillor and Marquis of Wuxing. Dongfang Kui joined the council. Wang Duo was relieved as overall commander of the field army, retained as before the titles acting grand preceptor and director of the Secretariat, was advanced to Duke of Jin with an added estate of two thousand households, and kept his military and observation commands as before. Tian Lingzi favored Fuguang and demoted Wang Duo. Overall campaign army supervisor Yang Fuguang was advanced Palladium Grand Preceptor, Duke of Hongnong with three thousand households, made Tong-Hua and related circuits disposition commissioner, and granted the title "Merit-Faith, Glorious Arms, Nation-Righting, Rebellion-Pacifying Merit Lord." The sixth month opened on yiwei. Yang Fuguang died; his generals dispersed. Tian Lingzi kept rebel rewards thin. Lingzi demoted Yang Fugong to Flying Dragon commissioner. Huang Chao besieged Chenzhou. Qin Zongquan made peace after defeat at Cai. Zhao Chou ambushed and killed Meng Kai. The rebels mourned their favorite Meng Kai. Huang Chao besieged Chenzhou in force. The Chen alliance ravaged the countryside. Rebels cannibalized captives in "Pounding-Mill Stockades." Shi Bo, Zhou Ji, and Zhu Quanzhong relieved Chen.
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七月，制以西川節度使、開府儀同三司、守太尉、同平章事、成都尹、上柱國、潁川郡王、食邑三千戶、實封四百戶陳敬瑄賜鐵券。 詔鄭從讜赴行在。
In the seventh month an order granted Chen Jingxuan, military commissioner of Xichuan, grandee of palace leisure with the three excellencies, acting grand commandant, grand councillor, prefect of Chengdu, supreme pillar of state, Prince of Yingchuan commandery with three thousand households and four hundred households in actual fief, an iron certificate. Zheng Congdang was summoned to court.
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八月，李克用赴鎮太原。 制以前振武節度、檢校司空、兼單于都護、御史大夫李國昌為檢校司徒、代州刺史、雁門已北行營節度、蔚朔等州觀察等使。 十月，李國昌卒。
Li Keyong returned to Taiyuan. An order made Li Guochang, former military commissioner of Zhenwu, acting minister of works, concurrently Chanyu protector-general, and censor-in-chief, acting minister over the masses, prefect of Daizhou, military commissioner of the field command north of Yanmen, and observation commissioner of Yu, Shuo, and related prefectures. Li Guochang died.
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十一月，蔡賊秦宗權圍許州。
Qin Zongquan besieged Xu.
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十二月，詔河東李克用赴援陳許。 忠武大將鹿晏弘陷興元，逐節度使牛勖，自為留後。 中和四年春正月癸亥朔，車駕在成都府。
Li Keyong was ordered to aid Chen and Xu. Lu Yanhong seized Xingyuan. Zhonghe 4 opened at Chengdu.
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二月，河東節度使李克用將出師援陳許，河陽節度使諸葛爽以兵屯澤州拒之。
Zhuge Shuang blocked Keyong at Zezhou.
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三月壬戌朔。 甲戌，克用移軍自河中南渡，東下洛陽。
The third month opened on renxu. Keyong crossed the river and marched on Luoyang.
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四月辛卯朔。 甲寅，沙陀軍次許州，節度使周岌、監軍田從異以兵會戰。 賊將尚讓屯太康，黃鄴屯西華，稍有芻粟。 己未，沙陀分兵攻太康、西華賊砦。 庚申，尚讓、黃鄴遁去，官軍得其芻粟，黃巢亦退保郾城。 以兵部侍郎、判度支鄭昌圖以本官同平章事。
The fourth month opened on xinmao. Shatuo fought at Xuzhou with Zhou Ji. Shang Rang and Huang Ye held fodder at Taikang and Xihua. Shatuo stormed Taikang and Xihua. Rebels fled; Huang Chao held Yancheng. Zheng Changtu joined the council.
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五月辛酉朔。 癸亥，沙陀追黃巢而北。 丁卯，次尉氏。 戊辰，大雨，平地水深三尺，溝河漲溢。 賊至中牟，臨汴河欲渡，沙陀遽至，賊大駭，其黨分潰，殺傷溺死殆半。 尚讓一軍降時溥，別將楊能、李讜、霍存、葛從周、張歸霸等降朱全忠，李周、楊景彪以殘眾走封丘。 己巳，沙陀渡汴河，趨封丘，黃巢兄弟悉力拒戰，李克用擊敗之。 獲所俘男女五萬口，牛馬萬餘，並偽乘輿、法物、符印、寶貨、戎仗等三萬計。 得巢幼子，年六歲。 黃巢既敗，以其殘眾東走。 庚午，李克用急躡黃巢，一日夜行二百里，馬疲乏死者殆半。 宿冤朐，糧運不及，騎軍至寡，乃與忠武監軍田從異班師。 甲戌，次汴州，節度使朱全忠館克用於上源驛。 全忠以克用兵力寡弱，大軍在遠，乃圖之。 是夜，置酒郵舍，克用既醉，全忠以兵圍驛，縱火燒之。 雷雨驟作，平地水深尺餘，克用逾垣僅免。 其部下三百余人及監軍使史敬思、書記任珪皆被害。 丙子，克用至許州，率本軍還太原。 庚辰，徐州將李師悅、陳景思率兵萬人追黃巢於兗州。
The fifth month opened on xinyou. Shatuo pursued Huang Chao north. Shatuo camped at Weishi. Floods three feet deep stalled the pursuit. At Zhongmou half the rebels were killed or drowned. Rebel bands surrendered to Shi Bo and Zhu Quanzhong. Keyong defeated Huang Chao at Fengqiu. Keyong seized regalia and fifty thousand captives. Chao's six-year-old son was captured. Huang Chao fled east with remnants. Keyong pursued two hundred li until horses dropped dead. Keyong withdrew for lack of grain and horses. Quanzhong hosted Keyong at Shangyuan Post. Quanzhong plotted against the weakened Keyong. Quanzhong ambushed and burned the post. Rain saved Keyong as he scaled the wall. Three hundred followers and Shi Jingsi were killed. Keyong returned to Taiyuan via Xu. Li Shiyue pursued Chao toward Yanzhou.
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六月，鄆州節度使朱瑄奏大敗賊於合鄉。
Zhu Xuan reported victory at Hexiang.
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秋七月己未朔。 癸酉，賊將林言斬黃巢、黃揆、黃秉三人首級降時溥。 初，徐將李師悅與賊戰於瑕丘，賊殊死戰，其眾殆盡。 林言與巢走至太山狼虎谷之襄王村，懼追至並命，乃斬賊降師悅。 壬午，捷書至行在，從官稱賀。 河東節度使李克用累表訴屈，請討汴州。 天子優詔和解之，就加克用階特進，封隴西郡王以悅之。 自是全忠、克用有尋戈之怨。
The seventh month opened on jiwei. Lin Yan beheaded Huang Chao and surrendered to Shi Bo. Li Shiyue had nearly destroyed the rebels at Xiaqiu. Lin Yan killed Chao at Wolf-Tiger Valley and surrendered. Victory over Huang Chao was celebrated at court. Li Keyong demanded war on Bianzhou. The throne appeased Keyong with Longxi dukedom. Quanzhong and Keyong became bitter enemies.
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九月，山南西道節度使鹿晏弘為禁軍所討，棄城擁眾東出襄、鄧，大掠許州。 晏弘大將王建、韓建、張造、晉暉、李師泰各率本軍歸朝，田令孜以建等楊復光故將，薄之，皆授諸衛將軍，惟以王建為壁州刺史。
Lu Yanhong plundered Xu fleeing east. Fuguang's old generals received slight guard posts.
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十月，關東諸鎮上章請車駕還京。
Eastern circuits asked the emperor home.
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十一月，鹿晏弘陷許州，殺周岌，自稱留後，尋為秦宗權所攻。 制以義成軍節度、檢校太師、中書令、上柱國、晉國公王鐸為滄州刺史、義昌軍節度、滄德觀察處置等使。
Lu Yanhong seized Xu and was attacked by Qin Zongquan. An order made Wang Duo, military commissioner of Yicheng, acting grand preceptor, director of the Secretariat, supreme pillar of state, and Duke of Jin, prefect of Cangzhou, military commissioner of Yichang, and observation and disposition commissioner of Cang-De.
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十二月丁亥朔，大明宮留守、權知京兆尹、御史大夫、京畿制置等使王徽與留司百官上表，請車駕還宮。 詔以來年正月還京。 新除滄德節度使王鐸，為魏博節度使樂彥禎害之于漳南縣之高雞泊，行從三百餘人皆遇害。 光啟元年春正月丁巳朔，車駕在成都府。 己卯，僖宗自蜀還京。
Wang Hui asked the emperor to return to Chang'an. Return to Chang'an was set for the new year. Wang Duo was murdered at Gaoji Po. Guangqi 1 opened at Chengdu. On jimao Xizong left Shu for the capital.
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二月丁亥朔。 丙申，車駕次鳳翔。
The second month opened on dinghai. On bingshen the court halted at Fengxiang.
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三月丙辰朔。 丁卯，車駕至京師。 己巳，禦宣政殿，大赦，改元光啟。 時李昌符據鳳翔，王重榮據蒲、陝，諸葛爽據河陽、洛陽，孟方立據邢、洺，李克用據太原、上党，朱全忠據汴、滑，秦宗權據許、蔡，時溥據徐、泗，朱瑄據鄆、齊、曹、濮，王敬武據淄、青，高駢據淮南八州，秦彥據宣、歙，劉漢宏據浙東，皆自擅兵賦，迭相吞噬，朝廷不能制。 江淮轉運路絕，兩河、江淮賦不上供，但歲時獻奉而已。 國命所能制者，河西、山南、劍南、嶺南四道數十州。 大約郡將自擅，常賦殆絕，籓侯廢置，不自朝廷，王業於是蕩然。 蔡賊秦宗權侵寇籓鄰，制以徐州節度使時溥為钜鹿王，充蔡州四面行營兵馬都統。 宗權將秦賢攻汴、鄭不已，以汴州刺史朱全忠為沛郡王，充蔡州西北面行營都統。 杭州刺史董昌大敗劉漢宏之眾，進攻越、婺、台、明等州，下之。 遂以昌為越州刺史、鎮東軍節度、浙江東道觀察等使，以杭州大將錢鏐為杭州刺史。
The third month opened on bingchen. On dingmao the court reached Chang'an. On jisi Guangqi was proclaimed with amnesty. At that time Li Changfu held Fengxiang; Wang Chongrong held Pu and Shan; Zhuge Shuang held Heyang and Luoyang; Meng Fangli held Xing and Ming; Li Keyong held Taiyuan and Shangdang; Zhu Quanzhong held Bian and Hua; Qin Zongquan held Xu and Cai; Shi Pu held Xu and Si; Zhu Xuan held Yun, Qi, Cao, and Pu; Wang Jingwu held Zi and Qing; Gao Pian held the eight prefectures of Huainan; Qin Yan held Xuan and She; and Liu Hanhong held eastern Zhejiang. All monopolized troops and taxes, swallowed each other in turn, and the court could not control them. Tax routes collapsed; only tribute reached court. Only four remote circuits obeyed the throne. Royal authority collapsed as prefects ruled themselves. Shi Bo was made prince and commander against Cai. Zhu Quanzhong was made prince to fight Cai. Dong Chang conquered eastern Zhe prefectures. The court then made Dong Chang prefect of Yuezhou, military commissioner of Zhendong, and observation commissioner of eastern Zhejiang, and made Qian Liu, senior general of Hangzhou, prefect of Hangzhou.
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閏三月，鎮冀節度使王鎔獻耕牛千頭，農具九千，兵仗十萬。
Wang Yin presented oxen, tools, and arms.
184
四月乙卯朔，以開府儀同三司、右金吾衛上將軍、左街功德使、齊國公田令孜為左右神策十軍使。 時自蜀中護駕，令孜招募新軍五十四都，都千人，左右神策各二十七都，分為五軍，令孜總領其權。 時軍旅既眾，南衙北司官屬萬余，三司轉運無調發之所，度支惟以關畿稅賦，支給不充，賞勞不時，軍情咨怨。 舊日安邑、解縣兩池榷鹽稅課，鹽鐵使特置鹽官以總其事。 自黃巢亂離，河中節度使王重榮兼領榷務，歲出課鹽三千車以獻朝廷。 至是令孜以親軍闕供，計無從出，乃舉廣明前舊事，請以兩池榷務歸鹽鐵使，收利以贍禁軍。 詔下，重榮上章論訴，言河中地窘，悉籍鹽課供軍。
Tian Lingzi took the Ten Armies. Lingzi built fifty-four thousand-man guard commands. Revenue failed to pay the swollen armies and offices. Salt pools at Anyi and Jie had special officers. Chongrong sent three thousand salt carts yearly to court. Lingzi sought to reclaim salt pools for the guards. Chongrong protested that Hezhong needed salt revenue.
185
五月，制以河中節度使、檢校司徒、同平章事、河中尹、上柱國、琅邪郡王王重榮為檢校太傅、同平章事，兼兗州刺史、兗沂海節度觀察處置等使，代齊克讓。 以克讓檢校司徒，兼定州刺史御史大夫，充義武節度觀察、北平軍等使，代王處存。 以處存依前檢校太傅、同平章事、河中尹、河中晉慈隰節度觀察等使。 是月，宰臣蕭遘率文武百僚上徽號曰至德光烈孝皇帝，禦宣政殿受冊，大赦。
In the fifth month an order made Wang Chongrong, military commissioner of Hezhong, acting minister over the masses, grand councillor, prefect of Hezhong, supreme pillar of state, and Prince of Langya commandery, acting grand tutor and grand councillor, concurrently prefect of Yanzhou and military, observation, and disposition commissioner of Yan, Yi, and Hai, replacing Qi Kerang. Qi Kerang was made acting minister over the masses, concurrently prefect of Dingzhou and censor-in-chief, and military and observation commissioner of Yiwu and Beiping Army, replacing Wang Chucun. Wang Chucun took Hezhong command. Xizong received the honorific Ultimate Virtue, Glorious Power, Filial Emperor.
186
六月甲寅朔。 丙辰，定州王處存奏：「幽州節度使李可舉、鎮州節度使王鎔各令大將率領兵士侵攻當道，臣並已殺退。」 時李可舉乘天子播越，中原大亂，以河朔三鎮，休戚事同，惟易、定二郡為朝廷所有，乃同議攻處存以分其地。 會燕將李全忠有奪帥之志，軍情相疑。 全忠方圍易州，處存出奇騎以擊之，燕軍大敗。 是月，全忠收合殘眾攻幽州，李可舉舉室登樓自焚而死，全忠自稱留後。 滄州軍亂，逐其帥楊全玫，立衙將盧彥威為留後。 制以保鑾都將、檢校司徒，兼黔州刺史、黔中節度觀察等使曹誠檢校太保，兼滄州刺史，充義昌軍節度、滄德觀察等使。 河中王重榮累表論列，數令孜離間方鎮，令孜遣邠甯節度使硃玫會合鄜、延、靈、夏之師討河中。
The sixth month opened on jiayin. On bingchen Dingzhou Wang Chucun reported: "Youzhou commissioner Li Keju and Zhenzhou commissioner Wang Yin each sent great generals leading troops to invade my circuit; I have beaten them all back." Keju and Yin plotted to seize Yi and Ding. Li Quanzhong plotted to seize Yanzhou command. Chucun's surprise cavalry routed the Yan besiegers. Li Keju burned himself; Li Quanzhong seized Youzhou. Cangzhou made Lu Yanwei acting commander. An order made Cao Cheng, commander in the Baoluan force, acting minister over the masses, concurrently prefect of Qianzhou and military and observation commissioner of Qianzhong, acting grand guardian, concurrently prefect of Cangzhou, and military commissioner of Yichang with observation authority over Cang-De. Lingzi sent Zhu Mei against Hezhong.
187
九月，朱玫屯沙苑。 王重榮求援於太原。
Zhu Mei camped at Sha Yuan. Chongrong sought Taiyuan's aid.
188
十月，李克用率太原軍南出陰地關。
Li Keyong marched south through Yindi.
189
十一月，河中、太原之師與禁軍對壘于沙苑。
Hezhong and Taiyuan faced the guards at Sha Yuan.
190
十二月辛亥朔。 癸酉，官軍合戰，為沙陀所敗，朱玫走還邠州。 神策軍潰散，遂入京師肆掠。 乙亥，沙陀逼京師，田令孜奉僖宗出幸鳳翔。 初，黃巢據京師，九衢三內，宮室宛然。 及諸道兵破賊，爭貨相攻，縱火焚剽，宮室居市閭裏，十焚六七。 賊平之後，令京兆尹王徽經年補葺，僅復安堵。 至是，亂兵復焚，宮闕蕭條，鞠為茂草矣。 光啟二年春正月辛巳朔，車駕在鳳翔。 李克用旋師河中，與朱玫、王重榮同上表，請駕駐蹕鳳翔，仍數田令孜之罪。 乃以飛龍使楊復恭復知內樞密事。 戊子，田令孜迫乘輿請幸興元。 庚寅，車駕次寶雞。 授刑部尚書孔緯兼御史大夫，令率從官赴行在。 時車駕夜出，宰相蕭遘、裴徹、鄭昌圖及文武百僚不之知，扈從不及，故令孔緯促之。 蕭遘惡令孜弄權，再亂京國，因邠州奏事判官李松年至鳳翔，乃令亟召朱玫迎奉。 癸巳，朱玫引步騎五千至鳳翔。 令孜聞邠州軍至，奉帝入散關，令禁軍守靈璧。 玫至，禁軍潰散，遂長驅追駕至尊途驛。 嗣襄王煴疾，為玫所得。 時興元節度使石君涉聞車駕入關，乃毀徹棧道，柵絕險要，車駕由他道僅達，為邠州軍踵後，崎嶇危殆者數四。
The twelfth month opened on xinhai. Shatuo routed the government army; Zhu Mei fled. Imperial guards plundered Chang'an. Shatuo pressed Chang'an; Xizong fled to Fengxiang. Chang'an still looked intact under Huang Chao. Allied looting burned seven or eight parts in ten of the city. Wang Hui had barely restored order. Mutineers burned the barely rebuilt capital to weeds. Guangqi 2 opened at Fengxiang. Keyong, Zhu Mei, and Chongrong denounced Tian Lingzi at Fengxiang. Yang Fugong returned to palace secrets. Lingzi drove the court toward Xingyuan. On gengyin the court halted at Baoji. Kong Wei was sent to gather lagging officials. A night flight left most officials behind; Kong Wei was sent to fetch them. Xiao Zhan summoned Zhu Mei against Lingzi. Zhu Mei reached Fengxiang with five thousand. Lingzi fled into San Pass before Zhu Mei. Zhu Mei chased the imperial train to Zuntu. The ill Prince of Xiang was seized by Zhu Mei. At that time Shi Junshe, military commissioner of Xingyuan, heard that the imperial carriage had entered the passes, so he dismantled the plank roads and blocked the strategic defiles with palisades. The imperial carriage barely reached safety by another route, with Binzhou troops following close behind, and several times struggled through dangerous and rugged ground.
191
二月辛亥朔，以十軍觀軍容使、開府田令孜為劍南西川節度監軍，以內樞密使楊復恭為神策左軍中尉。
On the first day of the second month, xinhai, Tian Lingzi, commissioner for inspecting army morale of the ten armies and grandee of palace leisure, was made army supervisor of Jiannan West; Yang Fugong, inner privy commissioner, was made commandant of the Left Divine Strategy Army.
192
三月庚辰朔。 壬午，興元李度使石君涉棄城入硃玫軍內。 丙申，車駕至興元。 戊辰，以翰林學士承旨、兵部尚書、知制誥杜讓能為兵部侍郎； 刑部尚書、禦只大夫孔緯為兵部侍郎，充諸道鹽鐵轉運等使：並以本官同平章事。 保鑾都將李鋋、楊守亮、楊守宗等敗邠州軍於鳳州。 四月庚戌朔，是夜熒惑犯月角。 壬子，朱玫、李昌符迫宰相蕭遘等於鳳翔驛舍，請嗣襄王煴權監軍國事。 玫自為大丞相，兼左右神策十軍使。 遂驅率文武百僚奉襄王還京師。
The third month opened on gengchen. Shi Jun she joined Zhu Mei. On bingshen the court reached Xingyuan. Du Rangneng was made Vice Minister of War; Kong Wei joined the council with salt transport. Guard generals beat Bin troops at Fengzhou. On gengxu night Mars trespassed the moon's horn. On renzi Zhu Mei and Li Changfu forced chief minister Xiao Gou and the others at the Fengxiang relay lodge to request that Yun, heir Prince of Xiang, provisionally supervise military and state affairs. Zhu Mei made himself great chancellor and army overseer. Zhu Mei escorted the false emperor to Chang'an.
193
五月己卯朔。 庚辰，襄王僭即皇帝位，年號建貞。 以蕭遘初沮襄王監國之命，罷知政事，為太子少師。 以朱玫為侍中、諸道鹽鐵轉運使。 以裴徹為門下侍郎、右僕射、同平章事、判度支。 中書侍郎、刑部尚書、平章事鄭昌圖判戶部事。 蕭遘移疾歸河中之永樂。 偽制加諸侯官爵。 以淮南節度使、檢校太尉、兼侍中高駢為太師、中書令、江淮鹽鐵轉運、諸道行營兵馬都統。 又以淮南右都押衙、和州刺史呂用之檢校兵部尚書，兼廣州刺史、嶺南東道節度使。 令戶部侍郎柳涉往江淮宣諭，戶部侍郎夏侯潭河北宣諭，諸籓節將多授其偽署，惟定州、太原、宣武、河中拒而不受。 是月，星孛於箕尾，曆北斗攝提。 荊南、襄陽仍歲蝗旱，米鬥三十千，人多相食。 楊復恭兄弟于河中、太原有破賊連衡之舊，乃奏遣諫議大夫劉崇望齎詔宣諭，達復恭之旨。 王重榮、李克用欣然聽命，尋遣使貢奉，獻縑十萬匹，願殺朱玫自贖。 崇望使還，君臣相賀。
The fifth month opened on jimao. On gengchen the Prince of Xiang declared era Jianzhen. Xiao Zhan was demoted for opposing the usurpation. Zhu Mei took transport and the attendancy. Pei Che became right vice premier and revenue chief. Zheng Changtu took Households. Xiao Zhan retired to Yongle. The usurper enfeoffed warlords. Gao Pian, military commissioner of Huainan, acting grand commandant, and concurrently palace attendant, was made grand preceptor, director of the Secretariat, salt-and-iron transport commissioner for the Yangzi and Huai, and overall commander of the troops of the field commands in all circuits. Lü Yongzhi, right senior yaya of Huainan and prefect of Hezhou, was made acting minister of war, concurrently prefect of Guangzhou and military commissioner of Lingnan East. Liu She, vice minister of revenue, was ordered to go to Jiang-Huai to issue proclamations and reassurances, and Xiahou Tan, vice minister of revenue, to do the same in Hebei. Many regional commanders accepted their false appointments, but Dingzhou, Taiyuan, Xuanwu, and Hezhong alone refused to receive them. A comet crossed Winnow Basket through Bootes. Famine in Jingnan and Xiangyang drove cannibalism. Liu Chongwang carried Fugong's peace edicts. Chongrong and Keyong offered silk and vowed to kill Zhu Mei. Court and allies celebrated the reconciliation.
194
六月己酉朔，以扈蹕都將楊守亮為金州刺史、金商節度、京畿制置使。 守亮率師二萬趨金州，與王重榮、李克用掎角進軍。 時朱玫遣將王行瑜率邠寧、河西之師五萬屯鳳州，保鑾都將李鋋、李茂貞、陳珮等抗之于大唐峰。
Yang Shouliang took Jin-Shang command. Shouliang marched twenty thousand in concert with allies. Wang Xingyu camped fifty thousand at Fengzhou.
195
七月戊寅朔，蔡賊秦宗權陷許州，殺鹿晏弘。 以金商節度使楊守亮檢校司徒，兼興元尹，充山南西道節度等使。 王行瑜急攻興州，守亮出師擊敗之。
Qin Zongquan killed Lu Yanhong at Xu. Shouliang took Shannan West command. Shouliang defeated Wang Xingyu at Xing.
196
八月，幽州節度使李全忠卒，三軍立其子匡威為留後。
Kuangwei succeeded Li Quanzhong at Youzhou.
197
九月，楊守亮復敗邠州軍於鳳州，軍容楊復恭密遣人說王行瑜，令謀歸國。 十月壬子朔，滑州軍亂，逐其帥安師儒，推衙將張驍主留後軍務。 師儒奔汴州，朱全忠殺之，遂以兵攻滑，斬張驍以告行在，朝廷以汴帥全忠兼領義成軍節度使。 壬辰夜，白虹見西方。
Fugong secretly turned Wang Xingyu loyal. Hua troops expelled An Shiru. Quanzhong killed An Shiru and took Yicheng. On renchen night a white rainbow shone west.
198
十一月，蔡賊孫儒陷鄭州，刺史李璠遁免。 儒引軍攻河陽。 十二月乙巳朔。 是月，朱玫愛將王行瑜受密詔，自鳳州率眾還長安。 辛酉，行瑜斬朱玫及其黨與數百人，縱兵大掠。 是冬苦寒，九衢積雪，兵入之夜，寒冽尤劇，民吏剽剝之後，僵凍而死蔽地。 裴徹、鄭昌圖及百官奉襄王奔河中，王重榮紿稱迎奉，執李煴斬之，械裴徹、鄭昌圖于獄，文武官僚遭戮者殆半。 重榮函襄王首赴行在。 刑部奏請禦興元城南門，閱俘馘受賀，下禮院定儀注。 博士殷盈孫奏曰：伏以偽煴違背宗社，僭竊乘輿，欺天之禍既盈，盜國之罪斯重，果至覆敗，以就誅夷。 九重之妖既除，萬國之生靈共慶，宜陳賀禮，以顯皇猷。 然物議之間，有所未允。 臣按禮經，公族有罪，獄既具，有司聞於公曰：「某之罪在大辟。」 君曰：「赦之。」 如是者三，有司走出致刑，君復使謂之曰：「雖然，固當赦之。」 有司曰：「不及矣！」 君為之素服不樂三月。 《左傳》：衛君在晉，衛臣元咺立衛君之弟叔武，衛君入國，叔武為前驅所殺，衛君哭之，左氏書焉。 今偽煴，皇族也，雖犯殊死之罪，宜就屠戮，其可以朝群臣而受賀乎？ 臣以為煴胤系金枝，名標玉牒，迫脅之際，不能守節效死，而乃甘心逆謀，罪實滔天，刑不可赦。 已為軍前處置，宜即黜為庶人，絕其屬籍，其首級仍委所在以庶禮收葬。 大捷之慶，當以硃玫首級到日稱賀，為得其宜。 上不軫於宸衷，下無傷於物體，協禮經之旨，祛中外之疑。
Sun Ru took Zhengzhou. Sun Ru attacked Heyang. The twelfth month opened on yisi. Wang Xingyu returned to Chang'an on a secret edict. On xinyou Wang Xingyu beheaded Zhu Mei and several hundred of his partisans, then let the troops plunder freely. Bitter cold after plunder left corpses frozen in the streets. Chongrong executed the false emperor and half his court. Chongrong sent the usurper's head to Xingyuan. The court planned a victory ritual at Xingyuan. Erudite Yin Yingsun memorialized: I humbly submit that the false Yun violated the ancestral altars and usurped the imperial carriage. The calamity of deceiving Heaven was already full, and the crime of stealing the state was grave; he indeed met overthrow and went to execution. Now that the monster within the ninefold palace has been removed, all living beings in the myriad states rejoice; the rite of congratulations should be displayed to manifest the imperial plan. Yet in public discussion there is something not yet accepted. I have examined the ritual classics: when a member of the ducal clan has committed a crime and the case is complete, the responsible officials report to the lord, "So-and-so's crime lies in capital punishment." The lord says, "Pardon him." After this happens three times, the officials run out and carry out the punishment; the lord again sends someone to tell them, "Even so, he should still be pardoned." The officials say, "It is too late!" The lord wears plain clothing for him and does not enjoy music for three months. The Zuo Tradition says: When the lord of Wei was in Jin, the Wei minister Yuan Xuan established the lord of Wei's younger brother Shuwu. When the lord of Wei entered his state, Shuwu was killed by the vanguard; the lord of Wei wept for him, and Zuo recorded it. Now the false Yun was an imperial clansman. Though he committed a crime deserving extraordinary death and should suffer slaughter, how can one face the court officials and receive congratulations? I believe that Yun's lineage was tied to the golden branches and his name marked in the jade registers. In the moment of coercion, he could not keep integrity and die for loyalty, but instead willingly embraced a rebel plot; his crime truly floods Heaven, and the punishment cannot be pardoned. Since he has already been dealt with before the army, he should now be reduced to commoner status and cut off from the clan register; his head should still be entrusted to the local authorities for burial with commoner rites. For the celebration of the great victory, it would be appropriate to offer congratulations on the day Zhu Mei's head arrives. Above, this does not distress the imperial heart; below, it does not harm propriety. It accords with the meaning of the ritual classics and removes doubts inside and outside the court.
199
遂罷賀禮。 及朱玫傳首至，乃禦樓受俘馘。 是月，蔡賊孫儒陷河陽，諸葛仲方奔歸汴州，別將李罕之出據澤州，張全義據懷州。 光啟三年春正月乙亥朔，車駕在興元府。 制以邠州都將王行瑜檢校刑部尚書，兼邠州刺史、邠甯慶節度使。 保鑾都將李鋋檢校司空、黔州刺史、黔中節度觀察使； 扈蹕都頭李茂貞為檢校尚書左僕射、洋州刺史、武定軍節度使； 扈蹕都頭楊守宗為金州刺史、金商節度等使； 保鑾都將陳珮檢校尚書右僕射，為宣州刺史、宣歙觀察使。 兵部侍郎、諸道租庸使張浚本官同平章事。
The victory ceremony was canceled. When Zhu Mei's head arrived the tower rite was held. Sun Ru took Heyang; Li Hanzhi and Zhang Quanyi held Ze and Huai. Guangqi 3 opened at Xingyuan. Wang Xingyu received Binning command. Li Qian took Qianzhong; Li Maozhen took Wuding command; Yang Shouzong took Jin-Shang; Chen Pei took Xuan-She. Zhang Jun joined the council.
200
二月乙巳朔，潤州牙將劉浩、度支使薛朗同謀逐其帥周寶，劉浩自稱留後。
Liu Hao expelled Zhou Bao at Runzhou.
201
三月乙亥朔。 甲申，車駕還京，次鳳翔。 以宮室未完，節度使李昌符請駐蹕，以俟畢工。 河中械送偽宰相裴徹、鄭昌圖，命斬之於岐山縣。 太子少師致仕蕭遘賜死於永樂縣。 以特進、監修國史、門下侍郎、吏部尚書、平章事孔緯領諸道鹽鐵轉運使。 以集賢殿大學士、中書侍郎、兵部尚書、平章事杜讓能進封襄陽郡公，增食邑三千戶。
The third month opened on yihai. On jiashen the court halted at Fengxiang returning home. Li Changfu asked the court to wait for palace repairs. Pei Che and Zheng Changtu were beheaded at Qishan. Xiao Zhan was ordered to die at Yongle. Kong Wei took salt transport. Du Rangneng, grand academician of the Hall of Assembled Worthies, vice director of the Secretariat, minister of war, and grand councillor, was advanced to Duke of Xiangyang commandery, and his estate was increased by three thousand households.
202
四月甲辰朔，揚州牙將畢師鐸自高郵率戍兵攻揚州，下之，囚高駢於別室，自總軍政。 蔡賊秦賢攻汴州，周列三十六砦。 朱全忠乞師於兗鄆，朱瑾率師來赴，屯封禪寺，朱瑄屯靜戎鎮。
Bi Shiduo seized Yangzhou and imprisoned Gao Pian. Qin Xian besieged Bian with thirty-six camps. Zhu Jin and Zhu Xuan reinforced Bian.
203
五月甲戌朔。 乙亥，秦宗權自率眾來應秦賢。 壬午，鄆、兗、汴三鎮之師大破蔡賊于邊孝村，宗權退走。 孫儒聞秦賢敗，盡驅河陽之人殺之，投屍於河，焚燒閭井而去。 王師收孟、洛、許、汝、懷、鄭、陝、虢等州。 詔以扈駕都頭楊守宗權知許州事，汴將孟從益權知鄭州事。 諸葛爽舊將李罕之自澤州收河陽，懷州刺史張全義收洛陽。 揚州牙將畢師鐸召宣州觀察使秦彥入揚州，推為節度使。
The fifth month opened on jiaxu. Qin Zongquan reinforced Qin Xian. Allies routed Cai rebels at Bianxiao Village. Sun Ru massacred Heyang and withdrew. Government troops recovered central prefectures. Yang Shouzong and Meng Congyi took Xu and Zheng. Li Hanzhi and Zhang Quanyi recovered Heyang and Luoyang. Bi Shiduo made Qin Yan Yangzhou commissioner.
204
六月癸卯朔。 戊申，天威軍都頭楊守立與李昌符爭道，麾下相歐。 上命中使諭之，不止，是夜嚴兵為備。 己酉，守立以兵攻昌符，戰於通衢。 昌符兵敗，出保隴州，命扈駕都將李茂貞攻之。 甲寅，河中牙將常行儒殺其帥王重榮，推重榮兄重盈為兵馬留後。 丙辰，太常禮院奏：「太廟十一室，並祧廟八室，孝明太后等別廟三室，自車駕再幸山南，並經焚毀，神主失墜。 今大駕還京，宜先葺宗廟神主，然後還宮。」 遂詔修奉太廟使宰相鄭延昌修奉。 是時，宮室未完，國力方困，未暇舉行舊制，延昌請權以少府監大廳為太廟。 太廟凡十一室，二十三間，間十一架，今監五間，請添造成十一間，以備十一室之數。 敕曰：「敬依典禮。」
The sixth month opened on guimao. Yang Shouli and Li Changfu's men brawled in the street. Imperial envoys failed to stop the brawl; troops stood guard. Shouli attacked Changfu in the avenue. Changfu fled to Long; Li Maozhen was sent against him. Chang Xingru killed Wang Chongrong and made Chongying commander. On bingchen the Directorate of Sacrifices memorialized: "The Ancestral Temple has eleven chambers, eight distant-ancestor chambers, and three separate chambers for Empress Xiaoming and others; since the train twice went to the south all were burned and spirit tablets lost. Repair spirit tablets before the palace return," they urged." Zheng Yanchang was ordered to repair the temples. Yanchang proposed a temporary temple in the palace directorate hall. He asked eleven bays built to match eleven chambers. "Follow canonical ritual," the throne replied.
205
七月壬申朔，隴州刺史薛知籌以城降李茂貞，遂拔隴州，斬李昌符、昌仁等，傳首獻於行在。 丙子，制以武定軍節度使、檢校尚書左僕射，兼洋州刺史、御史大夫、上柱國、隴西郡公、食邑一千五百戶李茂貞檢校司空、同平章事，兼鳳翔尹、鳳翔隴右節度等使。
Li Maozhen took Long and sent Changfu's head to court. On bingzi an order made Li Maozhen, military commissioner of Wuding, acting left vice director of the Department of State Affairs, concurrently prefect of Yangzhou, censor-in-chief, supreme pillar of state, Duke of Longxi commandery with fifteen hundred households, acting minister of works and grand councillor, concurrently prefect of Fengxiang and military commissioner of Fengxiang-Longyou and related commands.
206
九月辛未朔，淮南節度使高駢為其牙將畢師鐸所殺。 楊行密急攻廣陵，蔡賊秦宗權遣其將孫儒將兵三萬渡淮，爭揚州，城中食盡。
Bi Shiduo killed Gao Pian. Sun Ru crossed the Huai as Yangzhou starved.
207
十一月，秦彥、畢師鐸潰圍奔于孫儒軍，行密入據揚州。 秦彥引孫儒之兵攻廣陵，行密遣使求援于朱全忠。 制授全忠檢校太尉、侍中，兼揚州大都督府長史，充淮南節度觀察等使、行營兵馬都統。 汴將李璠率師至淮口以援之。
Xingmi took Yangzhou as Yan and Bi fled to Sun Ru. Xingmi begged Zhu Quanzhong for aid against Guangling. Zhu Quanzhong received Huainan command. Li Fan reinforced the Huai mouth.
208
十二月己巳朔，東川節度使顧彥朗、壁州刺史王建連兵五萬攻成都，陳敬瑄告難於朝，詔中使諭之。 文德元年春正月己亥朔，車駕在鳳翔。 制故鳳翔隴右節度觀察處置等使、檢校司徒、同平章事，兼鳳翔尹、上柱國、滎陽郡開國公、食邑三千戶鄭畋贈司徒，諡曰文昭。 蔡賊孫儒斬秦彥、畢師鐸于高郵。
Wang Jian and Gu Yanlang besieged Chengdu. Wende 1 opened at Fengxiang. An order posthumously made Zheng Tian, former military, observation, and disposition commissioner of Fengxiang-Longyou, acting minister over the masses, grand councillor, concurrently prefect of Fengxiang, supreme pillar of state, founding duke of Xingyang commandery with three thousand households, minister over the masses, with the posthumous title Literary and Illustrious. Sun Ru killed Qin Yan and Bi Shiduo.
209
二月己巳朔。 壬午，車駕在鳳翔至京師。 魏博軍亂。 逐其帥樂彥禎。 彥禎子相州刺史從訓率眾攻魏州，牙軍立其小校羅宗弁為留後，出兵拒之。 從訓求援於汴，朱全忠遣將朱珍渡河赴之。 戊子，上御承天門，大赦，改元文德。 宰相韋昭度兼司空，孔緯、杜讓能加左右僕射，進階開府儀同三司，並賜號「持危啟運保乂功臣」。 張浚兼兵部尚書，進階開府儀同三司。 左右神策十軍觀軍容使、左金吾衛上將軍、左右街功德使、上柱國、弘農郡開國公楊復恭進封魏國公，加食邑七千戶，賜號「忠貞啟聖定國功臣。」 以保鑾都將、黔中節度使李鋋檢校司徒、平章事，保鑾都將陳珮檢校司空、廣州刺史、嶺南東道節度使。 籓鎮諸侯，進秩有差。 宰臣韋昭度率文武百僚上徽號曰聖文睿德光武弘孝皇帝。
The second month opened on jisi. On renwu the court entered Chang'an from Fengxiang. Weibo mutinied. Yue Yanzhen was expelled. Congxun attacked Weibo; Luo Zongbian resisted. Zhu Zhen crossed the river to aid Congxun. On wuzi era Wende was proclaimed. Chancellor Wei Zhaodu was also made Minister of Works; Kong Wei and Du Rangneng were made Left and Right Vice Premiers, advanced Palladium Grand Preceptor, and granted the title "Uphold Crisis, Open Fortune, Guard and Pacify Merit Lord." Zhang Jun became war minister and Palladium Grand Preceptor. Left and Right Divine Strategy Ten Armies overseer, Left Golden Guard senior general, Left and Right Street merit commissioner, Pillar of State, Duke of Hongnong Yang Fugong was advanced Duke of Wei with seven thousand added households and granted the title "Loyal and True, Opening Sage, Stabilizing Nation Merit Lord." Li Qian, commander in the Baoluan force and military commissioner of Qianzhong, was made acting minister over the masses and grand councillor; Chen Pei, commander in the Baoluan force, was made acting minister of works, prefect of Guangzhou, and military commissioner of Lingnan East. Frontier lords were promoted variously. Xizong received the honorific Sagely Literary, Sagely Virtue, Glorious Martial, Grand Filial Emperor.
210
三月戊戌朔，正殿受冊。 庚子，上暴疾。 壬寅，大漸。 癸卯，宣制立弟壽王傑為皇太弟，勾當軍國事。 是夕，崩于武德殿，聖壽二十七，群臣上諡曰惠聖恭定孝皇帝，廟號僖宗。 其年十二月，葬於靖陵。 【論】史臣曰：恭帝沖年纘曆，政在宦臣，惕勵虔恭，殷憂重慎。 屬世道交喪，海縣橫流，赤眉搖盪于中原，黃屋流離於遐徼，黔黎塗炭，宗社丘墟。 而猶籓垣多仗義之臣，心腹有盡忠之輔，驅駕豪傑，號令軍戎，終誅伏莽之徒，大雪失邦之恥。 而令孜一為謬計，幾喪丕圖，雖如線之僅存，固棼絲之莫救。 茫茫禹跡，空悲文命之艱難； 赫赫宗周，竟墜文王之基業。 非僖皇失道之過，其土運之窮歟？ 悲夫！
On wuxu the honorific was received in the main hall. On gengzi Xizong fell gravely ill. On renyin death approached. Prince of Shou Li Jie was named heir to manage affairs. That night Xizong died at twenty-seven and was temple-named Xizong. In the twelfth month he was buried at Jing Mausoleum. 【Historian's appraisal】 The historian writes: Xizong reigned young under eunuchs, vigilant and deeply cautious. The realm collapsed: rebels shook the center and the throne fled far. Loyal generals still destroyed the rebels and avenged the dynasty. Tian Lingzi's error nearly ended the dynasty beyond saving. Yu's realm evokes grief for Wenming's toil; King Wen's Zhou foundation fell at last. Was collapse fate rather than Xizong's personal failing? Alas for the fallen house!
211
贊曰：運曆將窮，人君幼沖。 塵飛巨盜，波駭群雄。 天既降喪，人罕輸忠。 回鑾返正，禁旅之功。
【Eulogy】 The cycles waned under a child emperor. Great bandits rose and heroes clashed like waves. Heaven sent mourning and loyalty ran thin. Restoring the throne was the imperial guards' merit.