1
天文之為十二次,所以辨析天體,紀綱辰象,上以考七曜之宿度,下以配萬方之分野,仰觀變謫,而驗之于郡國也。 《傳》曰:「歲在星紀,而淫于玄枵。」 「姜氏、任氏,實守其地。」 及七國交爭,善星者有甘德、石申,更配十二分野,故有周、秦、齊、楚、韓、趙、燕、魏、宋、衛、魯、鄭、吳、越等國。 張衡、蔡邕,又以漢郡配焉。 自此因循,但守其舊文,無所變革。 且懸象在上,終天不易,而郡國沿革,名稱屢遷,遂令後學難為憑准。 貞觀中,李淳風撰《法象志》,始以唐之州縣配焉。 至開元初,沙門一行又增損其書,更為詳密。 既事包今古,與舊有異同,頗裨後學,故錄其文著於篇。 並配武德以來交蝕淺深及注蝕不虧,以紀日月之變云爾。
Astronomy divides heaven into twelve celestial stations to distinguish celestial bodies and organize stellar phenomena—above, to verify the lodge-degrees of the seven luminaries; below, to match the territorial fields of the myriad regions; gazing upward at transformations and anomalies and testing them against the commanderies and kingdoms. The Commentary says: "The year stood in Xingji, yet strayed into Xuanxiao." "The Jiang and Ren clans in truth held those lands." When the Seven States contended, those skilled in stars included Gan De and Shi Shen, who reassigned the twelve territorial fields, hence there were the states of Zhou, Qin, Qi, Chu, Han, Zhao, Yan, Wei, Song, Wei, Lu, Zheng, Wu, Yue, and others. Zhang Heng and Cai Yong further matched them to Han commanderies. From this point they followed precedent, merely preserving the old texts without any reform. Moreover, the suspended signs above remain unchanged throughout heaven, while commanderies and kingdoms underwent successive changes and names were repeatedly altered, so that later students found it difficult to rely on them as standards. During the Zhenguan era, Li Chunfeng compiled the Record of Celestial Forms, first matching them to the prefectures and counties of Tang. At the beginning of the Kaiyuan era, the monk Yixing further revised and supplemented his book, making it still more detailed. Since it embraced matters from antiquity to the present and differed in places from earlier accounts, it greatly aided later students; therefore its text is recorded here in full. It also records the depth of conjunctions and eclipses since the Wude era, and eclipses in which the disk was not fully obscured, to chronicle the transformations of sun and moon.
2
須女、虛、危,玄枵之次。 子初起女五度,二千三百七十四分,秒四少。 中虛九度,終危十二度。 其分野:自濟北郡東逾濟水,涉平陰至於山茌,漢太山郡山茌縣,屬齊州西南之界。 東南及高密,漢高密國,今在密州北界。 自此以上,玄枵之分。 東盡東萊之地,漢之東萊郡及膠東國,今為萊州、登州也。 又得漢之北海、千乘、淄川、濟南、齊郡,今為淄、青、齊等州,及濟州東界。 及平原、渤海,盡九河故道之南,濱于碣石。 今為德州、棣州,滄州其北界。 自九河故道之北,屬析木分也。
Nü, Xu, and Wei—the station of Xuanxiao. At the beginning of zi it starts at Nü, five degrees, two thousand three hundred seventy-four minutes, four seconds slightly deficient. The midpoint is at Xu, nine degrees; it ends at Wei, twelve degrees. Its territorial field: from Jibei Commandery eastward across the Ji River, crossing Pingyin to Shanzhi—Shanzhi County of Han Mount Tai Commandery, on the southwestern border of Qi Prefecture. Southeastward to Gaomi—the Han Kingdom of Gaomi, now on the northern border of Mi Prefecture. From here upward belongs to the field of Xuanxiao. Eastward to the lands of Donglai—Han's Donglai Commandery and the Kingdom of Jiaodong, now Laizhou and Dengzhou. It also includes Han's Beihai, Qiancheng, Zichuan, Jinan, and Qi Commanderies, now Zi, Qing, and Qi prefectures, and the eastern border of Ji Prefecture. And Pingyuan and Bohai, to the south of the old course of the Nine Rivers, bordering Jieshi. Now Dezhou and Di Prefecture; Cang Prefecture forms its northern border. North of the old course of the Nine Rivers belongs to the field of Ximu.
3
營室、東壁,陬訾之次。 亥初起危十三度,二千九百二十六分太。 中室十二度,五百五十分,秒二十一半。 終奎一度。 其分野:自王屋、太行而東,盡漢河內之地,今為懷州、洺、衛州之西境。 北負漳、鄴,東及館陶、聊城,漢地自黎陽、內黃及鄴、魏、武安,東至館陶、元城,皆屬魏郡; 自頓邱、三城、武陽,東至聊城,皆屬東郡。 今為相、魏、衛州。 東盡漢東郡之地,漢東郡、清河,西南至白馬、濮陽,東至東河、須昌,濱濟,至於鄆城。 今為滑州、濮州、鄆州。 其須昌、濟東之地,屬降婁,非豕韋也。
Yingshi and Dongbi—the station of Zouzi. At the beginning of hai it starts at Wei, thirteen degrees, two thousand nine hundred twenty-six minutes slightly excess. The midpoint is at Shi, twelve degrees, five hundred fifty minutes, twenty-one and a half seconds. It ends at Kui, one degree. Its territorial field: from Wangwu and the Taihang eastward, encompassing all of Han's Henei lands, now the western borders of Huaizhou, Ming, and Wei prefectures. Northward it bears upon Zhang and Ye, eastward to Guantao and Liaocheng—Han lands from Liyang, Neihuang, Ye, Wei, and Wu'an east to Guantao and Yuancheng all belonged to Wei Commandery; from Dunqiu, Sancheng, and Wuyang east to Liaocheng all belonged to Dong Commandery. Now Xiang, Wei, and Wei prefectures. Eastward to the lands of Han's Dong Commandery—Han's Dong and Qinghe commanderies, southwest to Baima and Puyang, east to Donghe and Xuchang, bordering the Ji, reaching Yuncheng. Now Hua, Pu, and Yun prefectures. The lands of Xuchang and Jidong belong to Jianglü, not to Zhuwei.
4
奎、婁及胃,降婁之次。 戌初起奎二度,一千二百一十七分,秒十七少。 中婁一度,一千八百八十三。 終胃三度。 其分野:南屆钜野,東達梁父,以負東海。 又東至於呂梁,乃東南抵淮水,而東盡于徐夷之地。 東為降婁之次。 得漢東平、魯國。 漢東平國在任城、平陸,今在兗州。 奎為大澤,在陬訾之下流,濱於淮、泗,東北負山,為婁、胃之墟。 蓋中國膏腴之地,百穀之所阜也。 胃星得馬牧之氣,與冀之北土同占。
Kui, Lou, and Wei—the station of Jianglü. At the beginning of xu it starts at Kui, two degrees, one thousand two hundred seventeen minutes, seventeen seconds slightly deficient. The midpoint is at Lou, one degree, one thousand eight hundred eighty-three. It ends at Wei, three degrees. Its territorial field: southward to Juye, eastward to Liangfu, bearing upon the Eastern Sea. Also eastward to Lüliang, then southeast to the Huai River, and eastward to the lands of the Xu Yi. Eastward is the station of Jianglü. It includes Han's Dongping and Lu. Han's Dongping was at Rencheng and Pinglu, now in Yanzhou. Kui is the Great Marsh, below the downstream of Zouzi, bordering the Huai and Si, bearing mountains to the northeast—the domain of Lou and Wei. It is in general the fertile heartland of China, where the hundred grains flourish. The Wei star receives the qi of horse pasture, sharing the same astrological correspondence as the northern lands of Ji.
5
昴、畢,大梁之次。 畢酉初起胃四度,二千五百四十九分,秒八太。 中昴六度,一百七十四分半。 終畢九度。 其分野:自魏郡濁漳之北,得漢之趙國、廣平、钜鹿、常山,東及清河、信都,北據中山、真定。 今為洺、趙、邢、恆、定、冀、貝、深八州。 又分相、魏、博之北界,與瀛州之西,全趙之分。 又北盡漢代郡、雁門、雲中、定襄之地,與北方群狄之國,皆大梁分也。
Mao and Bi—the station of Daliang. At the beginning of you it starts at Wei, four degrees, two thousand five hundred forty-nine minutes, eight seconds slightly excess. The midpoint is at Mao, six degrees, one hundred seventy-four and a half minutes. It ends at Bi, nine degrees. Its territorial field: from the north of the muddy Zhang in Wei Commandery, it includes Han's Zhao, Guangping, Julu, and Changshan, east to Qinghe and Xindu, northward occupying Zhongshan and Zhending. Now Ming, Zhao, Xing, Heng, Ding, Ji, Bei, and Shen—the eight prefectures. Also dividing the northern borders of Xiang, Wei, and Bo and the west of Ying Prefecture—all belong to the field of Zhao. Also northward to the limits of Han's Dai, Yanmen, Yunzhong, and Dingxiang, and the northern states of the various Di—all belong to the field of Daliang.
6
觜觿、參伐,實沈之次也。 申初起畢十度,八百四十一分,十五太。 中參七度,一千五百二十六,終井十一度。 其分野:得漢河東郡,今為蒲、絳、晉州,又得澤州及慈州界也。 及上黨、今為澤、潞、儀、沁也。 太原,今為並、汾州。 盡西河之地。 今為隰州、石州、嵐州,西涉河,得銀州以北也。 又西河戎狄之國,皆實沈分也。 今河東郡永樂、芮城、河北縣及河曲豐、勝、夏州,皆為實沈之次,東井之分也。 參伐為戎索,為武政,故殷河東,盡大夏之墟。 上党次居下流,與趙、魏相接,為觜觿之分。
Zixī and Canfa—the station of Sishen. At the beginning of shen it starts at Bi, ten degrees, eight hundred forty-one minutes, fifteen seconds slightly excess. The midpoint is at Shen, seven degrees, one thousand five hundred twenty-six; it ends at Jing, eleven degrees. Its territorial field: it includes Han's Hedong Commandery, now Pu, Jiang, and Jin prefectures, and also the borders of Ze and Ci prefectures. And Shangdang—now Ze, Lu, Yi, and Qin prefectures. Taiyuan—now Bing and Fen prefectures. To the limits of Xihe lands. Now Xi, Shi, and Lan prefectures; westward across the river, reaching north of Yin Prefecture. Also the Rong and Di states of Xihe—all belong to the field of Sishen. Now Hedong Commandery's Yongle, Ruicheng, Hebei County, and the Hequ region of Feng, Sheng, and Xia prefectures all belong to the station of Sishen and the field of Dongjing. Canfa is the Rong cord, the domain of martial governance; therefore the Yin held Hedong and encompassed the ruins of Great Xia. Shangdang lies in the lower reaches, adjoining Zhao and Wei—the field of Zixī.
7
東井、輿鬼,鶉首之次也。 未初起井十二度,二千一百七十二秒,十五太。 中井二十七度,二千八百二十八分,秒一半。 終柳六度。 其分野:自漢之三輔及北地、上郡、安定,西自隴坻至河西,西南盡巴、蜀、漢中之地,及西南夷犍為、越巂、益州郡,極南河之表,東至牂柯,皆鶉首分也。 鶉首之分,得《禹貢》雍、梁二州,其郡縣易知,故不詳載。 狼星分野在江、河上源之西,孤矢、犬、雞,皆徼外之象。 今之西羌、吐蕃、蕃渾,及西南徼外夷,皆狼星之象。
Dongjing and Yuji—the station of Zhenshou. At the beginning of wei it starts at Jing, twelve degrees, two thousand one hundred seventy-two seconds, fifteen seconds slightly excess. The midpoint is at Jing, twenty-seven degrees, two thousand eight hundred twenty-eight minutes, one and a half seconds. It ends at Liu, six degrees. Its territorial field: from Han's Three Metropolises and Beidi, Shang, and Anding, west from Longqi to Hexi, southwest to the lands of Ba, Shu, and Hanzhong, and the southwestern Yi of Jianwei, Yuexi, and Yizhou commanderies, to the southern limit beyond the Yellow River, east to Zangke—all belong to the field of Zhenshou. The field of Zhenshou includes Yong and Liang of the Documents of Yu; its commanderies and counties are easy to identify, and therefore are not recorded in detail. The territorial field of the Wolf star lies west of the upper reaches of the Yangtze and Han rivers; the Lonely Arrow, Dog, and Rooster—all are signs beyond the frontier. Today's Western Qiang, Tibet, and the Fan and Hun, and the southwestern frontier Yi beyond the passes—all are signs of the Wolf star.
8
柳、星、張,鶉火之次。 午初起柳七度,四百六十四,秒七少。 中七星七度,一千一百三。 終張十四度。 其分野:北自滎澤、滎陽,並京、索,暨山南,得新鄭、密縣,至於方陽。 方陽之南得漢之潁川郡陽翟、崇高、郟城、襄城,南盡鄴縣。 今為鄧、汝、唐、仙四州界。 又漢南陽郡,北自宛、葉,南盡漢東申、隨之地,大抵以淮源桐柏、東陽為限。 今之唐州、隨州屬鶉火,申州屬壽星。 又自洛邑負河之南,西及函谷南紀,達武當漢水之陰,盡弘農郡。 漢弘農盧氏、陝縣,今為虢、陝二州。 上洛、商洛為商州。 丹水為均州。 宜陽、沔池、新安、陸渾,今屬洛州。 古成周、虢、鄭、管、鄶、東虢、密、滑、焦、唐、申、鄧,皆鶉火分也,及祝融氏之都。 新鄭為祝融氏之墟,屬鶉火。 其東鄙則入壽星。 舊說皆在函谷,非也。 柳、星、輿鬼之東,又接漢源,故殷商、洛之陽,接南河之上流。 七星上系軒轅,得土行之正位,中嶽象也,故為河南之分。 張星直河南漢東,與鶉尾同占。
Liu, Xing, and Zhang—the station of Zhenhuo. At the beginning of wu it starts at Liu, seven degrees, four hundred sixty-four, seven seconds slightly deficient. The midpoint is at the Seven Stars, seven degrees, one thousand one hundred three. It ends at Zhang, fourteen degrees. Its territorial field: north from Xingze and Xingyang, including Jing and Suo, and the southern mountains, reaching Xinzheng and Mi County to Fangyang. South of Fangyang it includes Han's Yingchuan Commandery—Yangzhai, Chonggao, Jiacheng, and Xiangcheng, south to Ye County. Now the borders of Deng, Ru, Tang, and Xian—the four prefectures. Also Han's Nanyang Commandery, north from Wan and Ye, south to Shen and Sui of eastern Han—generally bounded by the Tongbai source of the Huai, and Dongyang. Now Tang and Sui prefectures belong to Zhenhuo; Shen Prefecture belongs to Shouxing. Also from Luoyi south of the Yellow River, west to the southern limit at Hangu Pass, reaching the northern bank of the Wudang Han River, to the limits of Hongnong Commandery. Han's Hongnong—Lushi and Shan County, now Guo and Shan—the two prefectures. Shangluo and Shangluo are Shang Prefecture. The Danshui is Jun Prefecture. Yiyang, Mianchi, Xin'an, and Luhun—now belonging to Luo Prefecture. Ancient Chengzhou, Guo, Zheng, Guan, Kuai, Eastern Guo, Mi, Hua, Jiao, Tang, Shen, and Deng—all belong to the field of Zhenhuo, and to the capital of Zhurong. Xinzheng is the domain of Zhurong, belonging to Zhenhuo. Its eastern border enters Shouxing. Older accounts place them all at Hangu Pass—this is incorrect. East of Liu, Xing, and Yuji again adjoins the Han source; therefore the Yin held Shang and the south of Luo, adjoining the upper reaches of the southern Yellow River. The Seven Stars are tied to Xuanyuan, receiving the orthodox position of the Earth element—the image of the Central Peak; therefore they are the field of Henan. The Zhang star stands directly south of Henan and east of Han, sharing the same astrological correspondence as Zhenwei.
9
翼、軫,鶉尾之次。 巳初起張十五度,一千七百九十五,秒二十二少。 中翼十二度,二千四百六十一,秒八半。 終軫九度。 其分野:自房陵、白帝而東,盡漢之南郡、南郡:巫縣,今在夔州。 秭歸在西,夷陵在峽州。 襄、夔、郢、申在襄、郢界,餘為荊州。 江夏,江夏:竟陵今為復州,安、鄂、蘄、沔、黃五州,皆漢江夏界。 東達廬江南郡。 漢廬江之尋陽,今在江州,于山河之像,宜屬鶉尾也。 濱彭蠡之西,得漢長沙、武陵、桂陽、零陵郡。 零陵今為道州、永州。 桂陽今為郴州。 大抵自沅、湘上流,西通黔安之左,皆楚之分也。 又逾南紀,盡郁林、合浦之地。 郁林縣今在貴州。 定林縣今在廉州。 合浦縣今為桂州。 今自富、昭、蒙、龔、繡、容、白、罕八州以西,皆屬鶉尾之墟也。 荊、楚、鄖、鄀、羅、權、巴、夔與南方蠻貊,殷河南之南。 其中一星主長沙國,逾嶺徼而南,皆甌東、青丘之分。 今安南諸州,在雲漢上源之東,宜屬鶉火。
Yi and Zhen—the station of Zhenwei. At the beginning of si it starts at Zhang, fifteen degrees, one thousand seven hundred ninety-five, twenty-two seconds slightly deficient. The midpoint is at Yi, twelve degrees, two thousand four hundred sixty-one, eight and a half seconds. It ends at Zhen, nine degrees. Its territorial field: from Fangling and Baidi eastward, to the limits of Han's Nan, Nan Commandery—Wu County, now in Kui Prefecture. Zigui is to the west; Yiling is in Xia Prefecture. Xiang, Kui, Ying, and Shen lie on the Xiang and Ying border; the remainder is Jing Prefecture. Jiangxia—Jiangxia: Jingling is now Fu Prefecture; An, E, Qi, Mian, and Huang—the five prefectures—are all within Han's Jiangxia border. Eastward to Lujiang and Nan Commandery. Han's Xunyang of Lujiang is now in Jiang Prefecture; in the image of mountains and rivers it ought to belong to Zhenwei. Bordering the west of Poyang, it includes Han's Changsha, Wuling, Guiyang, and Lingling commanderies. Lingling is now Dao and Yong prefectures. Guiyang is now Chen Prefecture. Generally from the upper reaches of the Yuan and Xiang, west connecting to the left of Qian'an—all belong to the field of Chu. Also crossing the southern limit, to the lands of Yulin and Hepu. Yulin County is now in Gui Prefecture. Dinglin County is now in Lian Prefecture. Hepu County is now Gui Prefecture. Now from Fu, Zhao, Meng, Gong, Xiu, Rong, Bai, and Han—the eight prefectures westward—all belong to the domain of Zhenwei. Jing, Chu, Yun, E, Luo, Quan, Ba, and Kui, and the southern Man and Mo—the Yin south of Henan. Among them one star governs the Kingdom of Changsha; crossing the ranges southward—all belong to the fields of Ou East and Green Hill. Now the various prefectures of Annan, east of the upper source of the Cloudy Han, ought to belong to Zhenhuo.
10
角、亢,壽星之次。 辰初起軫十度,八十七,秒十四半。 中角八度,七百五十,秒三十。 終氐一度。 其分野:自原武、管城,濱河、濟之南,東至封邱、陳留,盡陳、蔡、汝南之地,逾淮源至於弋陽。 漢陳留郡,自封邱、陳留已東,皆入大火之分。 漢汝南,今為豫州。 西華、南頓、項城縣今為陳州。 汝陰縣今在潁州。 弋陽縣在光州。 西涉南陽郡,至於桐柏,又東北抵嵩之東陽。 漢南陽郡舂陵、湖陽,蔡陽後分為舂陵郡,後魏以為南荊州,今有舊義陽郡,在申國之東界,今為申州。 按中國地絡,在南北河之間,故申、隨、光三州,皆屬《禹貢》豫州之分,宜屬鶉火、壽星。 非南方負海之地。 古陳、蔡、隨、許,皆屬壽星分也。 氐星涉壽星之次,故其分野殷雒邑眾山之東,與亳土相接。
Jiao and Kang—the station of Shouxing. At the beginning of chen it starts at Zhen, ten degrees, eighty-seven, fourteen and a half seconds. The midpoint is at Jiao, eight degrees, seven hundred fifty, thirty seconds. It ends at Di, one degree. Its territorial field: from Yuanwu and Guancheng, south of the Yellow and Ji rivers, east to Fengqiu and Chenliu, to the lands of Chen, Cai, and Runan, crossing the Huai source to Yiyang. Han's Chenliu Commandery—from Fengqiu and Chenliu eastward—all enter the field of Great Fire. Han's Runan is now Yu Prefecture. Xihua, Nandun, and Xiangcheng counties are now Chen Prefecture. Ruyin County is now in Ying Prefecture. Yiyang County is in Guang Prefecture. Westward crossing Nanyang Commandery to Tongbai, and northeast reaching the Dongyang of Song. Han's Nanyang Commandery—Chunling and Huyang; Yangcai was later divided into Chunling Commandery; Later Wei made it Southern Jing Prefecture; now there is the old Yiyang Commandery on the eastern border of Shen—now Shen Prefecture. According to the terrestrial network of China, between the northern and southern Yellow Rivers, therefore Shen, Sui, and Guang—the three prefectures—all belong to the field of Yu in the Documents of Yu, and ought to belong to Zhenhuo and Shouxing. They are not lands of the south bearing upon the sea. Ancient Chen, Cai, Sui, and Xu—all belong to the field of Shouxing. The Di star crosses the station of Shouxing; therefore its territorial field is east of the many mountains of Luoyi, adjoining the lands of Bo.
11
氐、房、心,大火之次也。 卯初起氐二度,一千四百一十九分,秒五太。 中房二度,二千八百五分,秒一半。 終尾六度。 其分野:得漢之陳留縣,自雍丘、襄邑、小黃而東,循濟陰,界于齊、魯,右泗水,達于呂梁,乃東南抵淮,西南接太昊之墟,盡濟陰、山陽、楚國、豐、沛之地。 濟陰郡之定陶、冤句、乘氏,今在東郡。 大抵曹、宋、徐、亳及鄆州西界,皆屬大火分。 自商、亳以負北河,陽氣之所升也,為心分。 自豐、沛以負南河,陽氣之所布也,為房分。 故其下流皆與尾星同占,西接陳、鄭,為氐星之分。
Di, Fang, and Xin—the station of Great Fire. At the beginning of mao it starts at Di, two degrees, one thousand four hundred nineteen minutes, five seconds slightly excess. The midpoint is at Fang, two degrees, two thousand eight hundred five minutes, one and a half seconds. It ends at Wei, six degrees. Its territorial field: it includes Han's Chenliu County—from Yongqiu, Xiangyi, and Xiaohuang eastward, following Jiyin, bordering Qi and Lu, to the right of the Si River, reaching Lüliang, then southeast to the Huai, southwest connecting to the domain of Great Taihao, encompassing Jiyin, Shanyang, Chu, Feng, and Pei. Jiyin Commandery's Dingtao, Yuanqu, and Chengshi are now in Dong Commandery. Generally Cao, Song, Xu, Bo, and the western border of Yun Prefecture—all belong to the field of Great Fire. From Shang and Bo north of the northern Yellow River—where yang qi ascends—is the field of Xin. From Feng and Pei south of the southern Yellow River—where yang qi spreads—is the field of Fang. Therefore its lower reaches all share the same astrological correspondence as the Wei star, west connecting to Chen and Zheng—the field of the Di star.
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尾、箕,析木之次也。 寅初起尾七度,二千七百五十分,秒二十一少。 中箕星五度,三百七十分,秒六十七。 終斗八度。 其分野:自渤海九河之北,盡河間、涿郡、廣陽國,漢渤海郡浮陽,今為清池縣,屬滄州。 涿郡之饒陽,今屬瀛州。 涿縣、良鄉與廣陽國薊縣,今在幽州。 及上谷、漁陽、右北平、遼東、樂浪、玄菟,漁陽在幽州。 右北平在白狼無終縣,隋代為漁陽郡,古孤竹國,後置北平郡,今為平州。 遼東在無慮縣,即《周禮》醫無閭山。 樂浪在朝鮮縣,玄菟在高句驪縣,今皆在東夷也。 古之北燕、孤竹、無終及東方九夷之國,皆析木之分也,尾得雲漢之末流,北紀之所窮也。 箕與南斗相近,故其分野在吳、越之東。
Wei and Ji—the station of Ximu. At the beginning of yin it starts at Wei, seven degrees, two thousand seven hundred fifty minutes, twenty-one seconds slightly deficient. The midpoint is at the Ji star, five degrees, three hundred seventy minutes, sixty-seven seconds. It ends at Dou, eight degrees. Its territorial field: from north of the Nine Rivers of Bohai, to the limits of Hejian, Zhuo, and Guangyang—Han's Fuyang of Bohai Commandery is now Qingchi County, belonging to Cang Prefecture. Raoyang of Zhuo Commandery now belongs to Ying Prefecture. Zhuo and Liangxiang counties and Ji County of Guangyang—all now in You Prefecture. And Shanggu, Yuyang, Youbeiping, Liaodong, Lelang, and Xuantu—Yuyang is in You Prefecture. Youbeiping is at Wuzhong of Bailang; in the Sui era it became Yuyang Commandery, the ancient state of Gushu; later Beiping Commandery was established—now Ping Prefecture. Liaodong is at Wulü County—the Yiwulü Mountain of the Rites of Zhou. Lelang is at Chaoxian County; Xuantu is at Gaogouli County—all now in the Eastern Yi. The ancient Northern Yan, Gushu, Wuzhong, and the states of the Nine Yi of the east—all belong to the field of Ximu; Wei receives the lower stream of the Cloudy Han, where the northern limit ends. Ji is close to the Southern Dipper; therefore its territorial field lies east of Wu and Yue.
13
南斗、牽牛,星紀之次也。 丑初起斗九度,一千四十二十分,秒二太。 中斗二十四度,一千一百分,秒八半。 終女四度。 其分野:自廬江、九江,負淮水之南,盡臨淮、廣陵,至於東海,廬、壽、和、濠、揚,皆屬星紀也。 又逾南河,得漢丹陽、會稽、豫章郡,西濱彭蠡,南涉越州,盡蒼梧、南海。 又逾嶺表,自韶、廣、封、梧、藤、羅、雷州,南及珠崖自北以東為星紀,其西皆屬鶉尾之次。 古吳、越及東南百越之國,皆星紀分也。 南斗在雲漢之下流,當淮、海之間,為吳分。 牽牛去南河浸遠,故其分野自豫章東達會稽,南逾嶺徼,為越分。 島夷蠻貊之人,聲教之所不洎,皆系于狗國。 李淳風刊定《隋志》,郡國頗為詳悉,所注郡邑多依用。 其後州縣又隸管屬不同,但據山河以分耳。
The Southern Dipper and Ox Leader—the station of Xingji. At the beginning of chou it starts at Dou, nine degrees, one thousand four hundred twenty minutes, two seconds slightly excess. The midpoint is at Dou, twenty-four degrees, one thousand one hundred minutes, eight and a half seconds. It ends at Nü, four degrees. Its territorial field: from Lujiang and Jiujiang, south of the Huai River, to Linhuai and Guangling, reaching the Eastern Sea—Lu, Shou, He, Hao, and Yang all belong to Xingji. Also crossing the southern Yellow River, it includes Han's Danyang, Kuaiji, and Yuzhang commanderies, west bordering Poyang, south crossing Yue Prefecture, to the limits of Cangwu and Nanhai. Also crossing beyond the ranges, from Shao, Guang, Feng, Wu, Teng, Luo, and Lei prefectures, south to Zhuya—from the north eastward is Xingji; westward all belongs to the station of Zhenwei. The ancient Wu, Yue, and the hundred Yue states of the southeast—all belong to the field of Xingji. The Southern Dipper lies below the stream of the Cloudy Han, between the Huai and the sea—the field of Wu. Ox Leader grows distant from the southern Yellow River; therefore its territorial field from Yuzhang east to Kuaiji, south beyond the frontier ranges, is the field of Yue. The island Yi and Man and Mo peoples, where civilizing influence does not reach—all are tied to the Dog Country. Li Chunfeng edited and fixed the Sui Treatise; its commanderies and kingdoms were quite detailed, and the commanderies and counties he annotated were largely adopted. Afterward prefectures and counties again had different supervisory affiliations; they were divided only according to mountains and rivers.
14
肅宗十月辛巳朔。 七月癸未朔,蝕既,大星皆見。 代宗三月乙巳朔,四年正月十五日甲午蝕。 十三年甲戌,有司奏合蝕不蝕。 十四年二月丙寅朔。 德宗八月辛巳朔,日蝕。 有司奏,准禮請伐鼓於社,不許。 太常卿董晉諫曰:「伐鼓所以責群陰,助陽德,宜從經義。」 竟不報。 六年正月戊戌朔,有司奏合蝕不蝕,百僚稱賀。 七年六月庚寅朔,有司奏蝕,是夜陰雲不見,百官表賀。 八年十一月壬子朔,先是司天監徐承嗣奏:「據曆,合蝕八分,今退蝕三分。 准占,君盛明則陰匿而潛退。 請書于史。」 從之。 十年四月癸卯朔,有司奏太陽合虧,巳正後刻蝕之既,未正後五刻復滿。 太常奏,准禮上不視朝。 其日陰雲不見,百官表賀。 十七年五月壬戌蝕。
Suzong, tenth month, xinsi, first day of the month. Seventh month, guiwei, first day of the month—total eclipse; all the great stars were visible. Daizong, third month, yisi, first day of the month; fourth year, first month, fifteenth day, jiawu—eclipse. Thirteenth year, jiaxu—the responsible officials reported that an eclipse was due but did not occur. Fourteenth year, second month, bingyin, first day of the month. Dezong, eighth month, xinsi, first day of the month—solar eclipse. The responsible officials reported that according to ritual they requested beating drums at the altar of Earth; this was not permitted. Director of Ceremonies Dong Jin remonstrated: "Beating drums is to hold the multitude of yin accountable and assist yang virtue; the canonical rites ought to be followed." In the end there was no reply. Sixth year, first month, wuxu, first day of the month—the responsible officials reported that an eclipse was due but did not occur; the hundred officials offered congratulations. Seventh year, sixth month, gengyin, first day of the month—the responsible officials reported an eclipse; that night clouds obscured it and it was not seen; the hundred officials submitted congratulatory memorials. Eighth year, eleventh month, renzi, first day of the month—earlier the Director of the Astronomy Bureau Xu Chengsi reported: "According to the calendar, an eclipse of eight-tenths was due; now the retreating eclipse is three-tenths. According to divination, when the ruler is bright and enlightened, yin hides and silently retreats. I request that this be recorded in the history." This was approved. Tenth year, fourth month, guimao, first day of the month—the responsible officials reported that the sun was due to be obscured; after the si hour it was totally eclipsed, and five quarters after the wei hour it was full again. The Director of Ceremonies reported that according to ritual the emperor did not hold court. That day clouds obscured it and it was not seen; the hundred officials submitted congratulatory memorials. Seventeenth year, fifth month, renxu—eclipse.
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代宗即位。 其月壬子夜,西北方有赤光見,炎赫亙天,貫紫微,漸流於東,彌漫北方,照耀數十里,久之乃散。 辛未夜,江陵見赤光貫北斗,俄僕固懷恩叛。 明年十月,吐蕃陷長安,代宗避狄幸陝州。 五月丁酉朔,日當蝕不蝕,群臣賀。 十二月三日夜,星流如雨,自亥及曉。 九月辛卯,太白經天,是月吐蕃逼京畿。 二年六月丁未,日重輪,其夜月重輪,是年大水。 十二月己亥,彗星出匏瓜,長尺餘,犯宦者星。 二年七月癸亥,熒惑色赤黃,順行入氐。 乙丑夜,鎮星色黃,近辰星,在東井初度。 丙寅申時,有青赤氣長四十餘尺,見日旁,久之乃散。 己巳夜,歲星順行去司怪七寸。 庚午夜,月逼天關。 壬申十二月,赤氣長二丈亙日上。 甲戌酉時,白氣亙天。 八月壬午,月入氐。 戊子,月犯牽牛,相去九寸。 己丑夜,月犯畢,相去四寸。 九月戊申朔,歲星守東井,凡七日。 乙卯,吐籓入寇,至邠寧。 戊午夜,白霧起尾西北,彌漫亙天。 乙丑晝,有流星大如一升器,其色黃明,尾跡長六七十尺,出於午,流於丑。 戊辰夜,熒惑去南斗五寸。 乙亥,青赤氣亙於日旁。 十一月辛酉夜,月去東井一尺。 甲子夜,月去軒轅一尺。 壬戌,京師地震,有聲如雷,自東北來。 十二月丁酉夜,熒惑入壁壘。 戊戌,有黑氣如霧,亙北方,久之方散。 三年正月壬子夜,月掩畢。 丁巳巳時,日有黃冠,青赤珥。 三月乙巳朔,日有蝕之,自午虧,至後一刻,凡蝕十分之六分半。 癸丑夜,太白去天衢八寸。 癸酉夜,太白順行,去歲星二尺。 七月壬申夜,五星並列東井。 占云:「中國之利。」 八月己酉,月入畢。 辛酉,月入東井。 壬戌,火星去太白四寸。 庚午夜,太白犯左執法,相去一尺。 九月壬申夜,歲星入輿鬼。 乙亥夜,大星如斗,自南流北,其光燭地。 丁丑夜,熒惑入太微垣。 己卯夜,太白犯左執法,相去六寸。 戊子夜,歲星去輿鬼一尺。 己丑夜,月犯東井,去五寸。 庚戌,熒惑去太微五寸,太白去進賢四寸。 癸巳,月去靈臺一尺。 四年正月十五日,日有蝕之。 二月丙午夜,熒惑有芒角,去房星二尺所。 丙辰夜,地震,有聲如雷者三。 三月壬午,熒惑有芒角,入氐。 癸未,月去氐一尺。 戊子夜,鎮星近輿鬼。 五月丙戌,京師地震。 七月,熒惑犯次相星。 九月丁卯,熒惑犯郎位。 是歲自四月霖雨,至秋末方息,京師米斗八百文。 五年四月乙巳夜,歲星入軒轅。 己未夜,彗出五車,蓬孛,光芒長三丈。 五月己卯夜,彗出北方,其色白。 癸未夜,彗隨天東行,近八穀。 甲申,西北方白氣竟天。 六月丙申,月去太微左執法一寸。 丁酉,月去哭星二寸。 庚子,月去氐七寸。 癸卯,彗去三公二尺。 庚戌,太白入東井。 甲寅,白氣出西北方,竟天。 己未,彗星滅。 七月,京師米價騰踴,斗千錢。 六年七月乙巳夜,月掩畢,入昴畢中。 壬子,月去太微二寸。 八月庚辰,月入太微。 九月壬辰,熒惑犯哭星,去二寸。 庚子夜,火去泣星四寸,月掩畢。 甲辰夜,西南流星大如一升器,有尾跡,光明照地,珠子散落,長五丈餘,出須女,入天市南垣滅。 丁未,月入太微。 辛亥,熒惑入壁壘。 十月丁卯,月掩畢。 甲戌,月入軒轅。 十一月壬寅,月入太微。 丙午夜,月掩氐。 十二月己巳,月入太微。 七年正月乙未夜,月近軒轅。 二月戊午,月掩天關。 辛酉,月逼輿鬼。 己巳,熒惑逼天衢。 三月辛卯,月逼靈臺。 四月丁巳,熒惑入東井。 辛未,歲星入東角。 壬申,月入羽林。 丙子,鎮星臨太微。 五月丙戌,月入太微。 六月乙亥,月臨東井。 十二月甲子,太白入羽林。 丙寅,雨土,是夜,長星出於參。 八年五月庚辰,熒惑入羽林。 六月戊辰,流星大如一升器,有尾跡,長三丈,流入太微。 七月己卯,太白入東井,留七日而出。 庚寅酉時,有氣三道竟天。 辛卯,熒惑臨月。 乙未,月掩畢中。 八月戊午夜,熒惑臨月。 其月,朱滔自幽州入朝。 九月癸未,月入羽林。 己丑,月入太微。 十月癸卯,太白臨鎮星。 丙午夜,太白臨進賢。 丁巳夜,月掩畢。 壬戌夜,月入鬼中。 庚午,月近太白,併入氐中。 十一月己卯,月入羽林。 壬午,鎮星逼進賢。 癸未,太白掩房。 癸巳,月入太微垣。 閏十一月壬寅夜,太白、辰星會于危。 癸丑,月掩天關。 甲寅,月入東井。 乙丑,月掩天關。 丙寅,月入氐。 十二月癸酉,月入羽林。 九年正月癸丑,熒惑逼諸王星。 三月丁未,熒惑入東井。 四月乙亥,月臨軒轅。 丁丑,月入太微。 五月己酉,太白逼熒惑。 乙未夜,太白入軒轅。 辛酉,辰星逼軒轅。 六月戊寅,月逼天綱。 己卯,月掩南斗。 庚辰,月入太微。 戊子,太白臨左執法。 七月甲辰,月掩房。 辛亥,月入羽林。 壬戌,月入輿鬼。 八月辛卯,月掩軒轅。 九月庚子,朱泚自幽州入朝,是夜,太白入南斗。 甲子,熒惑入氐。 十月戊子,木入南斗。 十二月戊辰,月入羽林。 十年正月,昭義軍亂,逐薛崿; 田承嗣據河北叛。 戊申,月逼軒轅。 甲寅夜,熒惑、歲星合於南斗,並順行。 二月,河陽軍亂,逐常休明。 三月,陝州軍亂,逐李國青。 庚戌,熒惑入壁壘。 四月甲子,熒惑順行入羽林。 庚午,月臨軒轅。 六月癸亥,太白臨東井。 乙丑夜,熒惑入壁,臨天囷。 戊辰,月入太微。 乙亥,月臨南斗。 七月庚子,辰星、太白順行,同在柳。 八月乙酉,熒惑順行,臨天高。 戊子,月入太微。 九月甲午,月臨房。 十月辛酉朔,日有蝕之。 十二月丙子夜,東方月上有白氣十餘道,如匹帛,貫五車、東井、輿鬼、觜、參、畢、柳、軒轅,三更後方散。 十一年閏八月丁酉,太白晝見。 其年七月,李靈耀以汴州叛,十月,方誅之。 十二年正月乙丑夜,月掩軒轅。 癸酉夜,月掩心前星。 丙子,月入南斗魁中。 二月乙未,鎮星入氐。 辛亥夜,流星大如桃,尾長十丈,出匏瓜,入太微。 三月壬戌,月入太微。 戊辰,月逼心星。 是月,幸臣元載誅,王縉黜。 四月庚寅,月臨左執法。 乙未夜,月掩心前星。 五月丙辰,月入太微。 六月戊戌,月入羽林。 七月庚戌,月入南斗。 癸丑,熒惑逼司怪。 己巳,宰相楊綰卒。 乙亥,熒惑順行,入東井。 是歲,春夏旱,八月大雨,河南大水,平地深五尺。 吐蕃入寇,至坊州。 十月己丑,月臨歲星。 壬辰,月掩昴。 乙未,月臨五諸侯。 庚子,月臨左執法,遂入太微垣。 十一月癸丑,太白臨哭星。 乙卯夜,月入羽林。 戊辰,月臨左執法。 十二月辛巳,鎮星臨關鍵。 壬午,月入羽林。 十四年五月十一日,代宗崩。
Daizong ascended the throne. That month on the night of renzi, red light appeared in the northwest, blazing across heaven, piercing the Purple Forbidden Enclosure, gradually flowing eastward, spreading across the north, illuminating for several tens of li; after a long time it dispersed. On the night of xinwei, Jiangling saw red light piercing the Northern Dipper; soon Pugu Huai'en rebelled. The next year in the tenth month, Tibet captured Chang'an; Daizong fled the Di and went to Shaan Prefecture. Fifth month, dingyou, first day of the month—the sun ought to have been eclipsed but was not; the ministers congratulated him. Twelfth month, third day, night—stars fell like rain, from hai until dawn. Ninth month, xinmao—Venus crossed heaven; that month Tibet pressed upon the capital region. Second year, sixth month, dingwei—solar double halo; that night a lunar double halo; that year great floods. Twelfth month, jihai—a comet emerged from Paogua, more than a foot long, invading the Eunuch star. Second year, seventh month, guihai—Mars was red-yellow, moving direct into Di. On the night of yichou, Saturn was yellow, close to Mercury, at the first degree of Dongjing. Bingyin, shen hour—blue-red qi more than forty feet long appeared beside the sun; after a long time it dispersed. On the night of jisi, Jupiter moved direct, seven inches from Siguai. On the night of gengwu, the moon approached Tianguan. Renshen, twelfth month—red qi two zhang long stretched across the sun. Jiaxu, you hour—white qi stretched across heaven. Eighth month, renwu—the moon entered Di. Wuzi—the moon invaded Ox Leader, nine inches apart. On the night of jichou, the moon invaded Bi, four inches apart. Ninth month, wushen, first day of the month—Jupiter guarded Dongjing for seven days. Yimao—Tufan invaded, reaching Bianning. On the night of wuwu, white mist rose northwest of Wei, spreading across heaven. Yichou, daytime—a meteor as large as a one-sheng vessel, yellow and bright, with a tail trace sixty or seventy feet long, emerging from wu and flowing to chou. On the night of wuchen, Mars was five inches from the Southern Dipper. Yihai—blue-red qi stretched beside the sun. Eleventh month, xinyou, night—the moon was one foot from Dongjing. On the night of jiazi, the moon was one foot from Xuanyuan. Renxu—Chang'an earthquake, with a sound like thunder, coming from the northeast. Twelfth month, dingyou, night—Mars entered Bilei. Wuxu—black qi like mist stretched across the north; after a long time it dispersed. Third year, first month, renzi, night—the moon covered Bi. Dingsi, si hour—the sun had a yellow crown with blue-red ears. Third month, yisi, first day of the month—the sun was eclipsed; from wu it waned, until one quarter past, eclipsing six and a half tenths in all. On the night of guichou, Venus was eight inches from Tiantian. On the night of guiyou, Venus moved direct, two feet from Jupiter. Seventh month, renshen, night—the five planets aligned in Dongjing. Divination says: "Benefit to China." Eighth month, jiyou—the moon entered Bi. Xinyou—the moon entered Dongjing. Renxu—Mars was four inches from Venus. On the night of gengwu, Venus invaded the Left Enforcer, one foot apart. Ninth month, renshen, night—Jupiter entered Yuji. On the night of yihai, a great star like a dipper flowed from south to north; its light illuminated the ground. On the night of dingchou, Mars entered the Supreme Palace Enclosure. On the night of jimao, Venus invaded the Left Enforcer, six inches apart. On the night of wuzi, Jupiter was one foot from Yuji. On the night of jichou, the moon invaded Dongjing, five inches apart. Gengxu—Mars was five inches from the Supreme Palace; Venus was four inches from Jinxian. Guisi—the moon was one foot from Lingtai. Fourth year, first month, fifteenth day—the sun was eclipsed. Second month, bingwu, night—Mars had rays and horns, about two feet from the Fang star. On the night of bingchen, earthquake, with a sound like thunder three times. Third month, renwu—Mars had rays and horns, entering Di. Guiwei—the moon was one foot from Di. On the night of wuzi, Saturn approached Yuji. Fifth month, bingxu—Chang'an earthquake. Seventh month—Mars invaded the Deputy Minister star. Ninth month, dingmao—Mars invaded Langwei. That year from the fourth month continuous rain, until the end of autumn it ceased; rice in the capital was eight hundred cash per dou. Fifth year, fourth month, yisi, night—Jupiter entered Xuanyuan. On the night of jiwei, a comet emerged from the Five Chariots, broom-like, with rays three zhang long. Fifth month, jimao, night—a comet emerged in the north, white in color. On the night of guiwei, the comet followed heaven eastward, approaching the Eight Grains. Jiashen—white qi stretched across heaven in the northwest. Sixth month, bingshen—the moon was one inch from the Left Enforcer of the Supreme Palace. Dingyou—the moon was two inches from the Weeping star. Gengzi—the moon was seven inches from Di. Guimao—the comet was two feet from the Three Excellencies. Gengxu—Venus entered Dongjing. Jiayin—white qi emerged in the northwest, stretching across heaven. Jiwei—the comet was extinguished. Seventh month—rice prices in the capital soared; one dou was a thousand cash. Sixth year, seventh month, yisi, night—the moon covered Bi, entering within Mao and Bi. Renzi—the moon was two inches from the Supreme Palace. Eighth month, gengchen—the moon entered the Supreme Palace. Ninth month, renchen—Mars invaded the Weeping star, two inches apart. On the night of gengzi, Fire was four inches from the Sobbing star; the moon covered Bi. On the night of jiachen, a southwest meteor as large as a one-sheng vessel, with a tail trace, bright light illuminating the ground, pearls scattering, more than five zhang long, emerging from Xu Nü, entering the southern wall of the Celestial Market and extinguishing. Dingwei—the moon entered the Supreme Palace. Xinhai—Mars entered Bilei. Tenth month, dingmao—the moon covered Bi. Jiaxu—the moon entered Xuanyuan. Eleventh month, renyin—the moon entered the Supreme Palace. On the night of bingwu, the moon covered Di. Twelfth month, jisi—the moon entered the Supreme Palace. Seventh year, first month, yiwei, night—the moon approached Xuanyuan. Second month, wuwu—the moon covered Tianguan. Xinyou—the moon pressed upon Yuji. Jisi—Mars pressed upon Tiantian. Third month, xinmao—the moon pressed upon Lingtai. Fourth month, dingsi—Mars entered Dongjing. Xinwei—Jupiter entered the Eastern Horn. Renshen—the moon entered the Feathered Forest. Bingzi—Saturn approached the Supreme Palace. Fifth month, bingxu—the moon entered the Supreme Palace. Sixth month, yihai—the moon approached Dongjing. Twelfth month, jiazi—Venus entered the Feathered Forest. Bingyin—earth rained; that night, a long star emerged from Shen. Eighth year, fifth month, gengchen—Mars entered the Feathered Forest. Sixth month, wuchen—a meteor as large as a one-sheng vessel, with a tail trace three zhang long, flowing into the Supreme Palace. Seventh month, jimao—Venus entered Dongjing, remaining seven days before emerging. Gengyin, you hour—three bands of qi stretched across heaven. Xinmao—Mars approached the moon. Yiwei—the moon covered Bi within. Eighth month, wuwu, night—Mars approached the moon. That month, Zhu Tao from Youzhou entered court. Ninth month, guiwei—the moon entered the Feathered Forest. Jichou—the moon entered the Supreme Palace. Tenth month, guimao—Venus approached Saturn. On the night of bingwu, Venus approached Jinxian. On the night of dingsi, the moon covered Bi. On the night of renxu, the moon entered within Ghost. Gengwu—the moon approached Venus, both entering within Di. Eleventh month, jimao—the moon entered the Feathered Forest. Renwu—Saturn pressed upon Jinxian. Guiwei—Venus covered Fang. Guisi—the moon entered the Supreme Palace Enclosure. Intercalary eleventh month, renyin, night—Venus and Mercury met at Wei. Guichou—the moon covered Tianguan. Jiayin—the moon entered Dongjing. Yichou—the moon covered Tianguan. Bingyin—the moon entered Di. Twelfth month, guiyou—the moon entered the Feathered Forest. Ninth year, first month, guichou—Mars pressed upon the Princes' stars. Third month, dingwei—Mars entered Dongjing. Fourth month, yihai—the moon approached Xuanyuan. Dingchou—the moon entered the Supreme Palace. Fifth month, jiyou—Venus pressed upon Mars. On the night of yiwei, Venus entered Xuanyuan. Xinyou—Mercury pressed upon Xuanyuan. Sixth month, wuyin—the moon pressed upon Tiangang. Jimao—the moon covered the Southern Dipper. Gengchen—the moon entered the Supreme Palace. Wuzi—Venus approached the Left Enforcer. Seventh month, jiachen—the moon covered Fang. Xinhai—the moon entered the Feathered Forest. Renxu—the moon entered Yuji. Eighth month, xinmao—the moon covered Xuanyuan. Ninth month, gengzi—Zhu Ci from Youzhou entered court; that night, Venus entered the Southern Dipper. Jiazi—Mars entered Di. Tenth month, wuzi—Wood entered the Southern Dipper. Twelfth month, wuchen—the moon entered the Feathered Forest. Tenth year, first month—the Zhaoyi army rebelled and expelled Xue E; Tian Chengsi seized Hebei and rebelled. Wushen—the moon pressed upon Xuanyuan. On the night of jiayin, Mars and Jupiter conjoined at the Southern Dipper, both moving direct. Second month—the Heyang army rebelled and expelled Chang Xiuming. Third month—the Shanzhou army rebelled and expelled Li Guoqing. Gengxu—Mars entered Bilei. Fourth month, jiazi—Mars moved direct into the Feathered Forest. Gengwu—the moon approached Xuanyuan. Sixth month, guihai—Venus approached Dongjing. On the night of yichou, Mars entered Bi, approaching Tiankun. Wuchen—the moon entered the Supreme Palace. Yihai—the moon approached the Southern Dipper. Seventh month, gengzi—Mercury and Venus moved direct, both at Liu. Eighth month, yiyou—Mars moved direct, approaching Tiangao. Wuzi—the moon entered the Supreme Palace. Ninth month, jiawu—the moon approached Fang. Tenth month, xinyou, first day of the month—the sun was eclipsed. Twelfth month, bingzi, night—east of the moon above were more than ten white bands like bolts of cloth, piercing the Five Chariots, Dongjing, Yuji, Zi, Shen, Bi, Liu, and Xuanyuan; after the third watch they dispersed. Eleventh year, intercalary eighth month, dingyou—Venus was visible in daytime. That year in the seventh month, Li Lingyao rebelled at Bianzhou; in the tenth month he was executed. Twelfth year, first month, yichou, night—the moon covered Xuanyuan. On the night of guiyou, the moon covered the Fore Star of Xin. Bingzi—the moon entered within the Southern Dipper's head. Second month, yiwei—Saturn entered Di. On the night of xinhai, a meteor as large as a peach, with a tail ten zhang long, emerging from Paogua, entering the Supreme Palace. Third month, renxu—the moon entered the Supreme Palace. Wuchen—the moon pressed upon the Heart star. That month, the favored minister Yuan Zai was executed and Wang Jin was dismissed. Fourth month, gengyin—the moon approached the Left Enforcer. On the night of yiwei, the moon covered the Fore Star of Xin. Fifth month, bingchen—the moon entered the Supreme Palace. Sixth month, wuxu—the moon entered the Feathered Forest. Seventh month, gengxu—the moon entered the Southern Dipper. Guichou—Mars pressed upon Siguai. Jisi—Chief Minister Yang Guan died. Yihai—Mars moved direct, entering Dongjing. That year, drought in spring and summer; in the eighth month great rain; Henan great flood, five feet deep on level ground. Tibet invaded, reaching Fang Prefecture. Tenth month, jichou—the moon approached Jupiter. Renchen—the moon covered Mao. Yiwei—the moon approached the Five Lords. Gengzi—the moon approached the Left Enforcer, then entered the Supreme Palace Enclosure. Eleventh month, guichou—Venus approached the Weeping star. On the night of yimao, the moon entered the Feathered Forest. Wuchen—the moon approached the Left Enforcer. Twelfth month, xinsi—Saturn approached Guanjian. Renwu—the moon entered the Feathered Forest. Fourteenth year, fifth month, eleventh day—Daizong died.
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德宗即位。 明年改元建中。 至四年十月,朱泚亂,車駕幸奉天。 五月丁卯,月犯歲星。 乙亥,熒惑、鎮、歲聚于營室三十餘日。 八月辛卯朔,日有蝕之。 十年三月乙亥,黃霧四塞,日無光。 四月,太白晝見。 正月辛未,月掩熒惑。 六月乙亥,月去南斗魁第四星西北五寸所。 八年七月四日夜,月去太微東垣之南首星南一尺所。 癸酉夜,月去五諸侯之西第四星南七寸所。 十月己丑,熒惑順行,去太微西垣之南首星西北四寸所。 九年二月丁酉,月去心大星東北七寸所。 四月辛巳,北方有大流星,跡尾長五丈,光芒照地,至右攝提南三尺所。 九月己丑,月掩軒轅。 十二年正月戊子,彗出畢南,長二尺餘,指西南,凡三日,近參旗沒。 十三年正月乙未,歲星退行,近太微西垣之南第一星。 八月己未,月近南斗魁。 壬戌,太白順行,近太微。 十四年正月己丑,月近東井北轅星。 癸卯夜,月近南斗魁星。 五月庚寅,月犯心前大星西南一尺所。 十五年正月二十七日,憲宗崩。
Dezong ascended the throne. The next year the era name was changed to Jianzhong. By the fourth year of the tenth month, Zhu Ci rebelled; the imperial carriage went to Fengtian. Fifth month, dingmao—the moon invaded Jupiter. Yihai—Mars, Saturn, and Jupiter gathered at Yingshi for more than thirty days. Eighth month, xinmao, first day of the month—the sun was eclipsed. Tenth year, third month, yihai—yellow mist filled the four quarters; the sun had no light. Fourth month—Venus was visible in daytime. First month, xinwei—the moon covered Mars. Sixth month, yihai—the moon was five inches northwest of the fourth star of the Southern Dipper's head. Eighth year, seventh month, fourth day, night—the moon was one foot south of the southern head star of the Supreme Palace's eastern wall. On the night of guiyou, the moon was seven inches south of the fourth star west of the Five Lords. Tenth month, jichou—Mars moved direct, seven inches northwest of the southern head star of the Supreme Palace's western wall. Ninth year, second month, dingyou—the moon was seven inches northeast of the great star of Xin. Fourth month, xinsi—a great meteor in the north, with a tail trace five zhang long, light illuminating the ground, reaching three feet south of Right Sheti. Ninth month, jichou—the moon covered Xuanyuan. Twelfth year, first month, wuzi—a comet emerged south of Bi, more than two feet long, pointing southwest; after three days it approached Canqi and was extinguished. Thirteenth year, first month, yiwei—Jupiter moved retrograde, approaching the first star of the Supreme Palace's western wall. Eighth month, jiwei—the moon approached the Southern Dipper's head. Renxu—Venus moved direct, approaching the Supreme Palace. Fourteenth year, first month, jichou—the moon approached the northern axle star of Dongjing. On the night of guimao, the moon approached the star of the Southern Dipper's head. Fifth month, gengyin—the moon invaded the great fore star of Xin, one foot southwest. Fifteenth year, first month, twenty-seventh day—Xianzong died.
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穆宗即位。 七月庚申,熒惑退行,入羽林。 癸亥夜,大星出勾陳,南流至婁北滅。 八月己卯,月掩牽牛。 正月丙午,月掩鉞星; 二更後,月去東井南轅第一星南七寸。 丙辰,南方大流星色赤,尾有跡,長三丈,光明燭地,出狼星北二尺所,東北流至七星三尺所滅。 己未夜,星孛於翼。 丁卯夜,星孛在辰上,去太微西垣南第一星七寸所。 二月八日夜,太白犯昴東南五寸所。 丁亥夜,月犯歲星南六寸所,在尾十三度。 三月庚戌,太白犯五車東南七寸所。 七月壬寅,月掩房次相星。 乙丑夜,東方大流星,色黃,有尾跡,長六七丈,光明燭地,出參西北,向西流,至羽林東北滅。 其月幽州軍亂,囚其帥張弘靖,立朱克融。 其月二十八日,鎮州軍亂,殺其帥田弘正、王廷湊。 元和末,河北三鎮皆以疆土歸朝廷; 至是,幽、鎮俱失。 俄而史憲誠以魏州叛,三鎮復為盜據,連兵不息。 八月辛巳夜,東北有大星自雲中出流,白光照地,前後長丈二尺五寸,西北入蜀滅; 太白在軒轅左角西北一尺所。 是月壬辰夜,太白去太微垣南第一星一尺所。 九月戊戌夜,太白順行,入太微,去左執法星西北一尺所。 乙巳夜,去左執法二寸所。 辛亥,月去天關西北八寸。 二年正月戊申,魏帥田布伏劍死,史憲誠據郡叛。 二月甲戌夜,熒惑在歲星南七寸所。 四月辛酉朔,日有蝕之,在胃十二度,不盡者四之一,燕、趙見之既。 七月丙子夜,東方大星西流,至昴滅,其聲如雷。 十月甲子夜,月掩牽牛中星。 乙丑夜,太白去南斗魁第四星西一寸所。 十一月丁丑,月掩左角。 庚辰,月去房一尺所。 十二月丁亥,月掩左角。 庚戌夜,月近房星。 壬子五更後,月近太白,相去一尺所。 四年正月二十二日,穆宗崩。
Muzong ascended the throne. Seventh month, gengshen—Mars moved retrograde, entering the Feathered Forest. On the night of guihai, a great star emerged from Gouchen, flowing south to north of Lou and extinguishing. Eighth month, jimao—the moon covered Ox Leader. First month, bingwu—the moon covered the Battle-Axe star; after the second watch, the moon was seven inches south of the first southern axle star of Dongjing. Bingchen—a great southern meteor, red in color, with a tail trace three zhang long, light illuminating the ground, emerging two feet north of the Wolf star, flowing northeast to seven feet from the Seven Stars and extinguishing. On the night of jiwei, a broom star appeared at Yi. On the night of dingmao, a broom star was above Chen, seven inches from the first star of the Supreme Palace's western wall. Second month, eighth day, night—Venus invaded Mao, five inches southeast. On the night of dinghai, the moon invaded Jupiter, six inches south, at the thirteenth degree of Wei. Third month, gengxu—Venus invaded the Five Chariots, seven inches southeast. Seventh month, renyin—the moon covered the Deputy Minister star of Fang. On the night of yichou, a great eastern meteor, yellow in color, with a tail trace six or seven zhang long, light illuminating the ground, emerging northwest of Shen, flowing west, extinguishing northeast of the Feathered Forest. That month the Youzhou army rebelled, imprisoned its commander Zhang Hongjing, and installed Zhu Kerong. That month on the twenty-eighth day, the Zhenzhou army rebelled and killed its commanders Tian Hongzheng and Wang Tingcou. At the end of Yuanhe, the three Hebei circuits all returned their territories to the court; now You and Zhen were both lost. Soon Shi Xiancheng rebelled at Weizhou; the three circuits again became bandit strongholds, and warfare did not cease. On the night of xinsi, a great northeastern star emerged flowing from within clouds, white light illuminating the ground, one zhang two feet five inches long before and after, entering Shu in the northwest and extinguishing; Venus was one foot northwest of the left horn of Xuanyuan. That month on the night of renchen, Venus was one foot from the first star of the Supreme Palace's southern wall. Ninth month, wuxu, night—Venus moved direct, entering the Supreme Palace, one foot northwest of the Left Enforcer star. On the night of yisi, two inches from the Left Enforcer. Xinhai—the moon was eight inches northwest of Tianguan. Second year, first month, wushen—Wei commander Tian Bu died by his own sword; Shi Xiancheng seized the commandery and rebelled. Second month, jiaxu, night—Mars was seven inches south of Jupiter. Fourth month, xinyou, first day of the month—the sun was eclipsed, at the twelfth degree of Wei; one-fourth remained uneclipsed; Yan and Zhao saw it total. Seventh month, bingzi, night—a great eastern star flowed west to Mao and extinguished; its sound was like thunder. Tenth month, jiazi, night—the moon covered the middle star of Ox Leader. On the night of yichou, Venus was one inch west of the fourth star of the Southern Dipper's head. Eleventh month, dingchou—the moon covered the Left Horn. Gengchen—the moon was one foot from Fang. Twelfth month, dinghai—the moon covered the Left Horn. On the night of gengxu, the moon approached the Fang star. After the fifth watch of renzi, the moon approached Venus, one foot apart. Fourth year, first month, twenty-second day—Muzong died.
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敬宗即位。 二月癸卯,太白犯東井,近北轅。 三月甲子,熒惑犯鎮星。 壬申,太白犯東井,近北轅。 四月十七日,染院作人張韶于柴草車中載兵器,犯銀臺門,共三十七人,入大內,對食於清思殿; 其日禁兵誅之。 七月乙卯夜,有大星出於天船,流犯斗魁第一星西南滅。 八月丁亥,熒惑犯鎮星。 癸未,熒惑入東井。 己丑,太白犯軒轅右角。 十二月戊子夜,月掩東井。 甲午夜,西北有流星出閣道,至北極滅。 七月乙酉,月犯西咸,去八寸所。 甲子夜,月掩畢。 閏七月癸巳夜,月去心,距九寸。 庚子,流星去北極,至南斗柄滅。 八月乙卯,太白犯房,相去九寸。 九月癸未,太白犯南斗。 丙戌,月犯畢。 甲午,月犯太微左執法。 十月辛卯,月犯天囷,相去七寸。 癸亥,太白臨哭星,相去九寸。 十一月庚辰,鎮星犯東井,相去七寸。 癸未夜,月去東井六寸。 戊戌,西南大流星出羽林,入濁。 十二月戊申夜,月犯畢。 乙酉夜,西北方有霧起,須臾遍天。 霧上有赤氣,其色或深或淺,久而方散。 二年正月甲戌夜,北方大流星長五丈餘,出紫微,過軫滅。 甲申,月犯右執法,相去五寸。 二月丙午夜,月犯畢。 三月己巳,流星出河鼓,東過天市,入濁滅。 四月甲子夜,西方大流星長三丈,穿天市垣,至房星滅。 其月十七日,白虹貫日連環,至午方滅。 五月甲戌,月去太微八寸所。 癸巳,西北方大流星長三丈,光明照地,入天市垣中滅。 甲午五更。 熒惑犯昴。 六月庚申,太白犯昴。 七月壬申,流星長二丈,出斗北,入濁滅。 其夜,月初入,巳上有流星向南滅。 其夜,辰犯畢。 八月丙申夜,北方大流星長四丈餘,出王良,流至北斗柄滅。 甲辰夜,太白去太微八寸所。 丁未夜,熒惑近鎮星西北。 丁丑,熒惑去輿鬼七寸。 十二月八日夜,敬宗為內官劉克明所弑,立絳王。 樞密使王守澄等殺絳王,立文宗。
Jingzong ascended the throne. Second month, guimao—Venus invaded Dongjing, near the northern axle. Third month, jiazi—Mars invaded Saturn. Renshen—Venus invaded Dongjing, near the northern axle. Fourth month, seventeenth day—the dye-house workers led by Zhang Shao, in a firewood cart carrying weapons, assaulted the Yintai Gate; thirty-seven men in all entered the inner palace and ate in the Hall of Pure Thought; that day the palace guard executed them. Seventh month, yimao, night—a great star emerged from the Celestial Boat, flowing to invade and extinguish southwest of the first star of the Dipper's head. Eighth month, dinghai—Mars invaded Saturn. Guiwei—Mars entered Dongjing. Jichou—Venus invaded the right horn of Xuanyuan. Twelfth month, wuzi, night—the moon covered Dongjing. On the night of jiawu, a northwest meteor emerged from Gedao, reaching the North Pole and extinguishing. Seventh month, yiyou—the moon invaded Xixian, seven inches apart. On the night of jiazi, the moon covered Bi. Intercalary seventh month, guisi, night—the moon left Xin, nine inches apart. Gengzi—a meteor left the North Pole, reaching the handle of the Southern Dipper and extinguishing. Eighth month, yimao—Venus invaded Fang, nine inches apart. Ninth month, guiwei—Venus invaded the Southern Dipper. Bingxu—the moon invaded Bi. Jiawu—the moon invaded the Left Enforcer of the Supreme Palace. Tenth month, xinmao—the moon invaded Tiankun, seven inches apart. Guihai—Venus approached the Weeping star, nine inches apart. Eleventh month, gengchen—Saturn invaded Dongjing, seven inches apart. On the night of guiwei, the moon was six inches from Dongjing. Wuxu—a great southwest meteor emerged from the Feathered Forest, entering Zhuo. Twelfth month, wushen, night—the moon invaded Bi. On the night of yiyou, mist rose in the northwest; in an instant it filled heaven. Above the mist was red qi, deep or pale in color; after a long time it dispersed. Second year, first month, jiaxu, night—a great northern meteor more than five zhang long emerged from the Purple Forbidden Enclosure, passing Zhen and extinguishing. Jiashen—the moon invaded the Right Enforcer, five inches apart. Second month, bingwu, night—the moon invaded Bi. Third month, jisi—a meteor emerged from the River Drum, passing east through the Celestial Market, entering Zhuo and extinguishing. Fourth month, jiazi, night—a great western meteor three zhang long pierced the Celestial Market Enclosure, reaching Fang and extinguishing. That month on the seventeenth day, a white rainbow pierced the sun in linked rings, extinguishing at wu. Fifth month, jiaxu—the moon was eight inches from the Supreme Palace. Guisi—a great northwest meteor three zhang long, light illuminating the ground, entering within the Celestial Market Enclosure and extinguishing. Jiawu, fifth watch. Mars invaded Mao. Sixth month, gengshen—Venus invaded Mao. Seventh month, renshen—a meteor two zhang long emerged north of Dou, entering Zhuo and extinguishing. That night, at the beginning of the month, above si a meteor flowed south and extinguished. That night, Chen invaded Bi. Eighth month, bingshen, night—a great northern meteor more than four zhang long emerged from Wangliang, flowing to the handle of the Northern Dipper and extinguishing. On the night of jiachen, Venus was eight inches from the Supreme Palace. On the night of dingwei, Mars approached Saturn northwest. Dingchou—Mars was seven inches from Yuji. Twelfth month, eighth day, night—Jingzong was murdered by the inner official Liu Keming; the Prince of Jiang was installed. Palace Secretariat Commissioner Wang Shoucheng and others killed the Prince of Jiang and installed Wenzong.
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武宗即位。 六月二十九日,從一鼓至五鼓,小流星五十餘,交橫流散。 七月二日,北方流星光明照地,東北流星有聲如雷。 九月癸巳,熒惑犯輿鬼。 閏九月丁酉,熒惑貫鬼宿; 戊戌,在鬼中。 十一月六日,彗見西南,在室初度,凡五十六日而滅。 其夜上方大流星光明燭地,東北流星有聲。 二年六月乙丑,熒惑犯歲星。 丙寅,太白犯東井。 其夜,熒惑蒼赤色,動搖于井中,至八月十六日,犯輿鬼。 五年二月五日,太白掩昴北側,在昴宿一度。 五月辛酉,太白入畢口,距星東南一尺。 八月七日,太白犯軒轅大星。
Wuzong ascended the throne. Sixth month, twenty-ninth day—from the first drum to the fifth drum, more than fifty small meteors crossed and scattered. Seventh month, second day—a northern meteor's light illuminated the ground; a northeastern meteor sounded like thunder. Ninth month, guisi—Mars invaded Yuji. Intercalary ninth month, dingyou—Mars pierced the Ghost lodge; Wuxu—it was within Ghost. Eleventh month, sixth day—a comet appeared in the southwest, at the first degree of Shi; after fifty-six days it was extinguished. That night above, a great meteor's light illuminated the ground; a northeastern meteor had sound. Second year, sixth month, yichou—Mars invaded Jupiter. Bingyin—Venus invaded Dongjing. That night, Mars was blue-red in color, stirring within Jing; until the sixteenth day of the eighth month it invaded Yuji. Fifth year, second month, fifth day—Venus covered the north side of Mao, at the first degree of the Mao lodge. Fifth month, xinyou—Venus entered the mouth of Bi, one foot southeast of the distance star. Eighth month, seventh day—Venus invaded the great star of Xuanyuan.
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舊儀:太史局隸秘書省,掌視天文曆象。 則天朝,術士尚獻輔精於曆算,召拜太史令。 獻輔辭曰:「臣山野之人,性靈散率,不能屈事官長。」 天后惜其才,五月十九日,敕太史局不隸秘書省,自為職局,仍改為渾天監。 至七月六日,又改為渾儀監。 八月,獻輔卒,復為太史局,隸秘書省,緣進所置官員並廢。 六月,改為太史監,不隸秘書省。 七月,復為太史局,隸秘書省。 八月,又改為太史監。 十一月,又改為太史局。 二年閏九月,改為渾儀監。 二月,改為太史監。 十五年正月,改為太史局,隸秘書省, 又改為太史監。
Former regulations: the Astronomy Bureau was subordinate to the Secretariat, supervising observation of heaven, the calendar, and celestial signs. In the reign of Empress Wu, the technician Shang Xianfu was skilled in calendar calculation and was summoned and appointed Director of the Astronomy Bureau. Xianfu declined: "I am a man of the mountains and wilds, by nature free and ungoverned; I cannot bow to serving official superiors." The Empress regretted losing his talent; on the nineteenth day of the fifth month she decreed that the Astronomy Bureau would no longer be subordinate to the Secretariat, becoming an independent office, and was renamed the Bureau of the Armillary Heaven. By the sixth day of the seventh month it was again renamed the Bureau of the Armillary Sphere. In the eighth month Xianfu died; it reverted to the Astronomy Bureau, subordinate to the Secretariat, and the officials he had advanced were all abolished. Sixth month—it was changed to the Astronomy Directorate, not subordinate to the Secretariat. Seventh month—it reverted to the Astronomy Bureau, subordinate to the Secretariat. Eighth month—it was again changed to the Astronomy Directorate. Eleventh month—it was again changed to the Astronomy Bureau. Second year, intercalary ninth month—it was changed to the Bureau of the Armillary Sphere. Second month—it was changed to the Astronomy Directorate. Fifteenth year, first month, it was changed to the Astronomy Bureau, subordinate to the Secretariat, and again changed to the Astronomy Directorate.