1
天福十二年夏五月乙酉朔，契丹所署大丞相、政事令、東京留守、燕王趙延壽為永康烏裕所縶，既而烏裕召蕃漢臣僚於鎮州牙署，矯其主遣詔，命烏裕嗣位，於是發哀成服。 辛卯，詔取五月十二日車駕南幸。 甲午，以判太原府事劉崇為北京留守，命皇子承訓。 武德使李暉大內巡檢。 丙申，帝發河東，取陰地關路幸東京。 時星官言，太歲在午，不利南巡，故路出陰地。 丁酉，史宏肇奏，澤州刺史翟令奇以郡來降。 〈（《宋史·李萬超傳》：史宏肇路經澤州，刺史翟令奇堅壁拒命。 萬超馳至城下，諭之曰：「今契丹北遁，天下無主，并州劉公，仗大義，定中土，所向風靡，後服者族，盍早圖之。」 令奇乃開門迎納，宏肇即留萬超權州事。）〉 是日，契丹所署汴州節度使蕭翰迎郇國公李從益至東京，請從益知南朝軍國事。 己亥，蕭翰發離東京北去。 乙巳，契丹永康王烏裕自鎮州還蕃，行次定州，以定州節度副使耶律忠為定州節度使，孫方簡為雲州節度使。 方簡不受命，遂歸狼山。 戊申，車駕至絳州，本州刺史李從朗以郡降。 初，契丹遣偏校成霸卿、曹可璠等守其郡，帝建義之始，不時歸命，及車駕至，帝耀兵於城下，不令攻擊，從朗等遂降。
On the first day of the fifth month in summer of the twelfth year of Tianfu, Zhao Yanshou—the Khitan appointee as Grand Chancellor, Director of Government Affairs, Eastern Capital defender, and Prince of Yan—was seized by Yongkang Wu Yu. Wu Yu then gathered Khitan and Chinese officials at the Zhenzhou headquarters, forged an edict in the Khitan emperor's name naming himself successor, and proclaimed mourning and donned mourning dress. On xinmao an edict set the twelfth day of the fifth month for the emperor's southward progress. On jiawu Liu Chong, provisional administrator of Taiyuan, was appointed Defender of the Northern Capital, and Imperial Prince Chengxun received his commission. Li Hui, commissioner of the Wude office, was appointed grand inspector of the inner palace. On bingshen the emperor left Hedong and, by way of Yindi Pass, set out for the Eastern Capital. The court astronomers had warned that with Jupiter in the Horse sign a southern tour was ill-omened, so the route was diverted through Yindi instead. On dingyou Shi Hongzhao reported that Ze Prefecture governor Zhai Lingqi had submitted the district. (The Song History biography of Li Wanchao adds that when Shi Hongzhao marched through Ze, Prefect Zhai Lingqi held the walls and defied him.) Wanchao rode to the foot of the walls and urged him: 'The Khitan have withdrawn north; the empire has no ruler. Liu of Bingzhou acts in the name of righteousness to pacify the heartland, and resistance crumbles before him. Latecomers face extinction of their clans—why not decide now?' Thereupon Lingqi opened the gates and admitted them, and Hongzhao left Wanchao in temporary charge of the prefecture.)〉 That same day Xiao Han, the Khitan-appointed governor of Bian, brought Duke of Xun Li Congyi to the Eastern Capital and asked him to take charge of the Southern Court's military and civil affairs. On jihai Xiao Han left the Eastern Capital and marched north. On yisi Khitan Prince Yongkang Wu Yu withdrew from Zhenzhou toward home; pausing at Dingzhou he appointed Yelü Zhong, Ding's deputy governor, as governor of Ding, and Sun Fangjian as governor of Yun. Fangjian refused the commission and withdrew to Langshan. On wushen the emperor reached Jiang Prefecture, where the incumbent governor Li Conglang submitted the district. Earlier the Khitan had left subordinate officers Cheng Baqing and Cao Kefan to garrison the prefecture; they had not come in when the emperor first raised his banner. When he arrived he paraded troops before the walls without ordering an assault, and Conglang and his party surrendered.
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六月乙卯，契丹河中節度使趙贊起復河中節度使。 是日，契丹右僕射兼中書侍郎、平章事張礪卒於鎮州。 丙辰，車駕至洛，兩京文武百僚自新安相次奉迎。 郇國公李從益、唐明宗淑妃王氏皆賜死於東京。 甲子，車駕至東京。 丙寅，以漢州就糧歸捷指揮使張建雄為濮州刺史，以金州守禦指揮使康彥環為金州防禦使。 建雄、彥環皆因亂害本州刺史，自知州事，故有是命。 以北京知進奏王從璋為內客省使。 戊辰，制：「大赦天下。 應天福十二年六月十五日昧爽已前，天下見禁罪人，已結正未結正，已發覺未發覺，除十惡五逆外，罪無輕重，咸赦除之。 諸州去年殘稅並放。 東、西京一百里內，放今年夏稅； 一百里外及京城，今年屋稅並放一半。 契丹所授職任，不議改更。 諸貶降官，未量移者與量移； 已量移者與敘錄。 徒流人並放還。 應系欠省錢，家業抵當外並放。 宜以國號為大漢，年號依舊稱『天福』」云。 己巳，詔青州、襄州、安州復為節鎮，曹、陳二州依舊為郡。 壬申，北京留守劉崇加同平章事。 以中書舍人劉繼儒為宗正卿； 翰林學士承旨、尚書兵部侍郎張允落職守本官； 以尚書左丞張昭為吏部侍郎； 以左散騎常侍邊歸讜為禮部侍郎； 以左散騎常侍王仁裕為戶部侍郎，充翰林學士承旨； 以右諫議大夫張沆為左散騎常侍，充翰林學士； 以戶部侍郎李式為光祿卿； 以翰林學士、尚書禮部侍郎邊光範為衛尉卿。 甲戌，詔：「文武臣僚，每遇內殿起居，輪次上封事。」 丁丑，以湖南節度使馬希範卒，輟視朝三日。 是月，契丹所命相州節度使高唐英為屯駐指揮使王繼宏、楚暉所殺。
In the sixth month, on yimao, Zhao Zan—Khitan appointee as Hezhong governor—was reinstated as governor of Hezhong. That day Zhang Li, the Khitan right vice director and grand councillor, died at Zhenzhou. On bingchen the emperor reached Luoyang, where civil and military officials from both capitals met him in succession from Xin'an. At the Eastern Capital, Duke of Xun Li Congyi and Tang Mingzong's Honored Consort Wang were both ordered to take their own lives. On jiazi the emperor entered the Eastern Capital. On bingyin Zhang Jianxiong, commander of the Han provisioning victory corps, was appointed prefect of Pu, and Kang Yanhuan, Jin's defense commander, was made defense commissioner of Jin. During the chaos Jianxiong and Yanhuan had each killed his prefect and taken charge of the prefecture himself, which led to these commissions. Wang Congzhang, Beijing liaison for memorials to court, was appointed commissioner of the Inner Guests Bureau. On wuchen an edict declared: 'Let there be a general amnesty throughout the realm. All prisoners held anywhere in the realm before dawn on the fifteenth day of the sixth month, Tianfu twelve—whether their cases were closed or still pending, known or still concealed—are pardoned without regard to severity, except for the ten capital crimes and the five treasons. Last year's unpaid taxes in every prefecture are cancelled. Within a hundred li of the two capitals, this summer's land tax is waived; beyond that radius and in the capital districts, half of this year's dwelling tax is remitted. Posts granted by the Khitan regime will not be reviewed for replacement. Demoted officials not yet reassigned will receive new postings; those already transferred will be restored to the rolls. Convicts serving penal labor or exile are all sent home. Debts to the provincial treasury beyond what household assets can cover are forgiven. The realm shall be called Great Han, and the reign era shall still be Tianfu.' So it was proclaimed. On jisi an edict restored Qing, Xiang, and An to full military governorships while Cao and Chen remained ordinary prefectures. On renshen Northern Capital defender Liu Chong was made grand councillor of the second rank. Secretariat drafter Liu Jiru was appointed director of the imperial clan; Zhang Yun, Hanlin expositor-in-chief and vice minister of war, was reduced to his substantive rank alone; left vice director Zhang Zhao was made vice minister of personnel; left cavalry attendant Bian Guidan was made vice minister of rites; left cavalry attendant Wang Renyu was made vice minister of revenue and Hanlin expositor-in-chief; right remonstrance grandee Zhang Hong was made left cavalry attendant and Hanlin academician; vice minister of revenue Li Shi was appointed director of the court of imperial entertainments; Hanlin academician and vice minister of rites Bian Guangfan was appointed director of the court for the imperial clan. On jiaxu an edict ordered that at each inner-court audience civil and military officials should take turns submitting sealed memorials.' On dingchou court was closed for three days upon the death of Hunan governor Ma Xifan. That month Gao Tangying, the Khitan-appointed governor of Xiang, was killed by garrison commanders Wang Jihong and Chu Hui.
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秋七月己丑，以御史中丞趙上交為太僕卿，以戶部侍郎邊蔚為御史中丞。 甲午，武安軍節度副使、水陸諸軍副都指揮使、判內外諸司、江南西道觀察等使、檢校太尉馬希廣加檢校太師、兼中書令，行潭州大都督、天策上將軍，充武安軍節度、湖南管內觀察使、江南諸道都統，封楚王。 丙申，以鄴都留守、天雄軍節度使、檢校太師、守太傅、兼中書令、衛國公杜重威為宋州節度使，加守太尉； 以宋州節度使、檢校太師、兼中書令高行周為鄴都留守，加守太傅； 以鄆州節度使、檢校太師、兼侍中李守貞為河中節度使，加兼中書令； 以河中節度使、檢校太尉趙贊為晉昌軍節度使； 〈（《宋史·趙贊傳》：贊懼漢疑己，潛遣親吏趙仙奉表歸蜀。 判官李恕者，趙延壽賓佐，深所委賴，至家事亦參之，及贊出鎮，從為上介。 至是，恕語贊曰：「燕王入遼，非所願也，漢方建國，必務懷柔。 公若泥首歸朝，必保富貴； 狼狽入蜀，理難萬全。 儻若不容，後悔無及。 公能聽納，請先入朝為公申理。」 贊即遣恕詣闕。 漢祖見恕，問贊何以附蜀。 恕曰：「贊家在燕薊，身受契丹之命，自懷憂恐，謂陛下終不能容，招引西軍，蓋圖茍免。 臣意國家甫定，務安臣民，所以令臣乞哀求覲。」 漢祖曰：「贊之父子，亦吾人也，事契丹出於不幸。 今聞延壽落於陷阱，吾忍不容贊耶！」 恕未還，贊巳離鎮入朝，即命為左驍衛將軍。）〉 以晉昌軍節度使張彥超為鄜州節度使，加檢校太師。 庚子，以徐州節度使、檢校太師、同平章事、岐國公符彥卿為兗州節度使，加兼侍中； 以鄧州節度使、檢校太師王周為徐州節度使，加同平章事； 以許州節度使、檢校太保劉重進為鄧州節度使，加檢校太傅； 以兗州節度使、檢校太師、兼侍中安審琦為襄州節度使； 檢校太師、莒國公李從敏為西京留守，加同平章事； 以鳳翔節度使、檢校太師、同平章事侯益依前鳳翔節度使，加兼侍中。 辛丑，故守司空兼門下侍郎、平章事、譙國公劉旬贈太保。 甲辰，華州節度使侯章、同州節度使張彥威、涇州節度使史威，並加檢校太尉。 以晉昌軍節度使、檢校太保劉銖為青州節度使，加檢校太尉、同平章事； 以河中節度使、檢校太尉白文珂為鄆州節度使，加同平章事； 以青州節度使楊承信為安州節度使，加檢校太傅； 滑州節度使兼侍衛馬軍都指揮使劉信、許州節度使兼侍衛步軍都指揮使史宏肇，並加檢校太尉。 庚戌，以司天監任延浩為殿中監，以司天少監杜升為司天監。 是月，契丹永康王烏裕囚祖母舒嚕氏於木葉山。
In the seventh month, on jichou, censor-in-chief Zhao Shangjiao became director of the imperial stud and vice minister of revenue Bian Wei became censor-in-chief. On jiawu Ma Xiguang—deputy Wu'an governor, joint land-and-sea commander, and Jiangnan West observer—was promoted to honorary grand preceptor and director of the secretariat, given acting rank as Tanzhou grand general and heavenly-strategies supreme general, confirmed as Wu'an governor, Hunan observer, and commander of all Jiangnan circuits, and enfeoffed as Prince of Chu. On bingshen Yedu defender and Tianxiong governor Du Chongwei, Duke of Wei, was transferred to Songzhou and promoted to acting grand guardian; Song governor Gao Xingzhou became Yedu defender with the added rank of acting grand tutor; Yanzhou governor Li Shouzhen was moved to Hezhong and made concurrent director of the secretariat; Hezhong governor Zhao Zan was transferred to the Jinchang command; (The Song History biography of Zhao Zan records that fearing Han suspicion, he secretly sent his aide Zhao Xian with a memorial offering submission to Shu.) His aide Li Shu had been Zhao Yanshou's trusted adviser, even consulted on family matters; when Zan took up his governorship Shu went with him as chief administrator. Now Shu told Zan: 'The Prince of Yan's captivity in Liao was not his choice. The new Han regime will surely seek to win men over gently. If you prostrate yourself and return to court, your wealth and rank are secure; fleeing in disarray to Shu can scarcely be a safe course. If they reject you, it will be too late for regret. If you agree, let me go to court first and explain your situation.' Zan immediately sent Shu to the capital. The Han founder received Shu and asked why Zhao Zan had sought Shu. Shu replied: 'Zan's kin are in Yanji. Bound to the Khitan, he feared Your Majesty would never trust him; reaching out to western forces was only a desperate bid to survive. I believed the new dynasty would seek to reassure its subjects, and so I came to beg an audience on his behalf.' The founder said: 'The Zans are our own people; serving the Khitan was misfortune. Now that Yanshou is trapped, how could I refuse to accept Zan!' Before Shu returned, Zan had already left his post for court and was immediately appointed general of the left valiant cavalry guard.)〉 Jinchang governor Zhang Yanchao was transferred to Yanzhou and made honorary grand preceptor. On gengzi Xu governor Fu Yanqing, Duke of Qi, was moved to Yanzhou and made concurrent palace attendant; Deng governor Wang Zhou became Xu governor and grand councillor of the second rank; Xu governor Liu Chongjin was transferred to Deng and promoted to honorary grand tutor; Yanzhou governor An Shenqi was appointed governor of Xiang; Li Congmin, Duke of Ju, became Western Capital defender and grand councillor; Fengxiang governor Hou Yi kept his post and was made concurrent palace attendant. On xinchou the late grand councillor Liu Xun, Duke of Qiao, was posthumously honored as grand tutor. On jiachen the governors of Hua, Tong, and Jing—Hou Zhang, Zhang Yanwei, and Shi Wei—were all promoted to honorary grand guardian. Jinchang governor Liu Zhu was made Qing governor with the added ranks of honorary grand guardian and grand councillor; Hezhong governor Bai Wenke was transferred to Yanzhou and made grand councillor; Qing governor Yang Chengxin was moved to Anzhou and made honorary grand tutor; Hua governor and horse-guard commander Liu Xin and Xu governor and foot-guard commander Shi Hongzhao were both promoted to honorary grand guardian. On gengxu astronomical director Ren Yanhao became director of the palace library, and deputy director Du Sheng succeeded him as astronomical director. That month Khitan Prince Yongkang Wu Yu imprisoned his grandmother Lady Shulu on Mount Muye.
4
閏月辛酉，以左衛上將軍皇甫立為太子太師致仕。 乙丑，禁造契丹樣鞍轡、器械、服裝。 故開封尹桑維翰贈尚書令，故西京留守景延廣贈中書令，以前衛尉卿薛仁謙為司農卿。 丙寅，唐故樞密使郭崇韜贈中書令，故河中節度使安重誨贈尚書令，故華州節度使毛璋贈侍中，故汴州節度使朱守殷贈中書令。 丁卯，故青州節度楊光遠贈尚書令，追封齊王，仍令所司追謚立碑。 唐故河中節度使、西平王朱友謙追封魏王，故樞密使馮赟贈中書令，故河陽節度使、判六軍康義誠贈中書令。 故西京留守、京兆尹王思同、故邠州節度使藥彥稠、故襄州節度使安重進、故鎮州節度使安重榮，並贈侍中。 庚午，以前延州留後薛可言為宣徽北院使，以監察御史王度為樞密直學士。 新授宋州節度使杜重威據鄴都叛，詔削奪重威官爵，貶為庶人。 以高行周為行營都部署，率兵進討。 辛未，以權樞密使楊邠為樞密使，加檢校太傅； 以權樞密副使郭威為副樞密使，加檢校太保； 以權三司使王章為三司使，加檢校太傅。 壬申，故晉昌軍節度使趙在禮贈中書令，故曹州節度使石赟贈侍中，故滑州節度使皇甫遇贈中書令。 故曹州節度使劉繼鄖、故滑州節度使梁漢璋，皆贈太尉； 故宣徽使孟承誨贈太保。 丁丑，有彗出於張，旬日而滅。 己卯，陜州節度使趙暉加階爵，晉州節度使王晏加檢校太尉，河陽節度使武行德加階爵，延州節度使高允權加檢校太尉。 鄧州節度使常思加檢校太尉，移鎮潞州。 庚辰，追尊六廟，以太祖高皇帝、世祖光武皇帝為不祧之廟，高曾已下四朝，追尊謚號，已載於前矣。 是日，權太常卿張昭上六廟樂章舞名：太祖高皇帝室酌獻，請依舊奏《武德之舞》； 世祖光武皇帝室酌獻，請依舊奏《大武之舞》； 文祖明元皇帝室酌獻，請奏《靈長之舞》； 德祖恭僖皇帝室酌獻，請奏《積善之舞》； 翼祖昭獻皇帝室酌獻，請奏《顯仁之舞》； 顯祖章聖皇帝室酌獻，請奏《章慶之舞》。 其六廟歌詞，文多不錄。
In the intercalary month, on xinyou, left guards general Huangfu Li was made grand preceptor of the heir apparent and retired from office. On yichou the court banned the manufacture of Khitan-style saddlery, arms, and dress. The late Kaifeng prefect Sang Weihan was posthumously honored as director of the department of state affairs, the late Western Capital defender Jing Yanguang as director of the secretariat, and former imperial-clan court director Xue Renqian was appointed director of the national granaries. On bingyin the late Tang military commissioner Guo Chongtao, late Hezhong governor An Chonghui, late Hua governor Mao Zhang, and late Bian governor Zhu Shouyin received posthumous honors as director of the secretariat, director of the secretariat, palace attendant, and director of the secretariat respectively. On dingmao the late Qing governor Yang Guangyuan was posthumously made director of the secretariat and Prince of Qi, with orders to grant a posthumous name and set up a memorial stele. The late Tang Hezhong governor and Prince of Xiping Zhu Youqian was posthumously made Prince of Wei; the late military commissioner Feng Yun and late Heyang governor Kang Yicheng, who had administered the six armies, were posthumously honored as directors of the secretariat. The late Western Capital defender and Jingzhao prefect Wang Sitong, late Bin governor Yao Yanchou, late Xiang governor An Chongjin, and late Zhen governor An Chongrong were all posthumously honored as palace attendants. On gengwu former Yanzhou acting prefect Xue Keyan became commissioner of the northern palace secretariat bureau, and investigating censor Wang Du became direct academician of the military affairs commission. Du Chongwei, newly appointed to Song but holding Yedu, rebelled; an edict stripped him of rank and reduced him to commoner status. Gao Xingzhou was appointed overall campaign commander and marched to suppress the rebellion. On xinwei acting military commissioner Yang Bin became full commissioner with the added rank of honorary grand tutor; acting deputy commissioner Guo Wei was confirmed as deputy commissioner and made honorary grand mentor; acting finance commissioner Wang Zhang was made full commissioner with the added rank of honorary grand tutor. On renshen the late Jinchang governor Zhao Zaili and late Hua governor Huangfu Yu were posthumously made directors of the secretariat, and the late Cao governor Shi Yun was made palace attendant. The late Cao governor Liu Jiyun and late Hua governor Liang Hanzhang were both posthumously honored as grand guardian; The late palace domestic commissioner Meng Chenghui was posthumously honored as grand preceptor. On dingchou a comet appeared in the Zhang asterism and faded after ten days. On jimao Shan governor Zhao Hui received a higher noble rank, Jin governor Wang Yan was made honorary grand guardian, Heyang governor Wu Xingde was promoted in rank, and Yan governor Gao Yunquan was made honorary grand guardian. Deng governor Chang Si was made honorary grand guardian and transferred to Lu Prefecture. On gengchen the court enshrined the six ancestral temples, setting Emperor Gaozu the High and Emperor Guangwu the Bright Martial as permanent temples never to be removed, while the posthumous titles of the four earlier generations had already been given above. That day acting minister of rites Zhang Zhao submitted the ritual music and dances for the six temples: for the libation at Emperor Gaozu the High's shrine, he asked that the old Dance of Martial Virtue be performed as before; for Emperor Guangwu the Bright Martial's shrine, he asked that the old Great Martial Dance be performed as before; for Emperor Mingyuan the Literary Ancestor's shrine, he proposed the Dance of Enduring Spirit; for Emperor Gongxi the Reverent and Joyful Ancestor's shrine, the Dance of Accumulated Goodness; for Emperor Zhaoxian the Assisting Ancestor's shrine, the Dance of Manifest Benevolence; for Emperor Zhangsheng the Illustrious Ancestor's shrine, the Dance of Glorious Celebration. The hymn texts for the six temples are largely omitted here.
5
八月壬午朔，鎮州駐屯護聖左廂都指揮使白再榮等，逐契丹所命節度使麻答，復其城。 麻答與河陽節度使崔廷勛、洛京留守劉晞，並奔定州。 馳驛以聞。 庚寅，以洺州團練使薛懷讓為邢州節度使。 辛卯，詔恒州復為鎮州，順國軍復為成德軍。 乙未，以護聖左廂都指揮使、恩州團練使白再榮為鎮州留後。 丙申，詔天下凡關賊盜，不計贓物多少，案驗不虛，並處死。 以兩浙節度使、守太師、兼中書令、吳越國王錢宏佐薨，廢朝三日。 丙午，以吐渾府節度使、檢校太尉王義宗為沁州刺史，依前吐渾節度使。 己酉，以刑部尚書竇貞固為吏部尚書。 是日，薛懷讓奏，收復邢州，殺偽命節度副使、知州事劉鐸。 初，懷讓為洺州防禦使，契丹麻答發健步督洺州糧運，懷讓殺之以聞。 帝遣郭從義與懷讓攻取邢州，蕃將楊袞來援鐸，懷讓拒之，不勝，退保洺州，敵騎掠其部，民大被其苦。 會鎮州逐麻答，楊袞收兵退，鐸乃上表請命。 懷讓乘其無備，遣人紿鐸云：「奉詔襲契丹，請置頓於郡。」 鐸開門迎之，即為懷讓所害，時人冤之。 鐸初受契丹命為邢州都指揮使，及永康王以高奉明為節度使，滿達勒署鐸為邢州副使兼都指揮使。 帝至東京，奉明歸鎮州，令鐸知邢州事，至是遇害。 庚戌，文武百僚上表，請以二月四日降誕日為聖壽節，從之。 前晉昌軍節度副使李肅加左驍衛上將軍致仕。 是月，遣使諸道和市戰馬。
On the first day of the eighth month, Bai Zairong, left-wing commander of the imperial guard at Zhenzhou, expelled the Khitan appointee Mada and recaptured the city. Mada fled with Heyang governor Cui Tingxun and Luoyang defender Liu Xi, all making for Ding Prefecture. Word was sent to court by urgent relay. On gengyin Luo regimentation commissioner Xue Huairang was appointed military governor of Xing. On xinmao an edict restored the name Heng Prefecture to Zhen and the Shunguo Army to Chengde. On yiwei Bai Zairong, left-wing imperial guard commander and En regimentation commissioner, was made acting governor of Zhen. On bingshen an edict ruled that anyone convicted of robbery or banditry anywhere in the realm, whatever the value stolen, was to be executed once the case was substantiated. Upon the death of Qian Hongzuo, governor of the Two Zhes, defender grand preceptor, director of the secretariat, and king of Wuyue, court was closed for three days. On bingwu Tuyuhun governor Wang Yizong was appointed prefect of Qin while retaining his Tuyuhun command. On jiyou Minister of Justice Dou Zhengu was appointed minister of personnel. That day Xue Huairang reported the recovery of Xing Prefecture and the killing of Liu Duo, the illicitly appointed deputy governor and acting prefect. Earlier, while Huairang was defense commissioner of Luo, the Khitan Mada had sent swift couriers to oversee grain shipments; Huairang killed them and reported the matter. The emperor sent Guo Congyi to join Huairang in attacking Xing. The Khitan general Yang Gun came to Liu Duo's aid; Huairang resisted but was beaten back to Luo, and enemy cavalry ravaged the region, inflicting great suffering on the people. When Zhen expelled Mada, Yang Gun withdrew; Liu Duo then memorialized requesting formal appointment. Taking advantage of Duo's unpreparedness, Huairang sent a man to deceive him, saying, "By imperial order we are marching against the Khitan; please allow us to encamp in the prefectural city. Duo opened the gates to welcome them and was immediately killed by Huairang; contemporaries regarded it as a grievous injustice. Liu Duo had first received Khitan appointment as commander of Xing; when Prince Yongkang installed Gao Fengming as governor, Manduolie made Duo deputy governor of Xing while retaining command. When the emperor reached the Eastern Capital, Gao Fengming returned to Zhen and put Liu Duo in charge of Xing; it was then that Duo was killed. On gengxu the civil and military officials memorialized that the emperor's birthday, the fourth day of the second month, be observed as the Sacred Longevity Festival; the request was granted. Li Su, former deputy governor of Jinchang, was promoted to left general of the valiant cavalry guard and granted retirement. That month envoys were sent to the circuits to procure war horses through official purchase.
6
九月甲子，宰臣蘇逢吉兼戶部尚書，蘇禹珪兼刑部尚書。 丁卯，以吏部侍郎、權判太常卿事張昭為太常卿。 戊辰，故易州刺史郭璘贈太傅。 甲戌，宰臣蘇逢吉加左僕射、監修國史，蘇禹珪加右僕射、集賢殿大學士，以吏部尚書竇貞固為守司空兼門下侍郎、平章事、宏文館大學士， 〈（《宋史·竇貞固傳》：初，帝與貞固同事晉祖，甚相得。 時蘇逢吉、蘇禹珪自霸府僚佐驟居相位，思得舊臣冠首，以貞固持重寡言，有時望，乃拜司空、門下侍郎、平章事。）〉 以翰林學士、行中書舍人李濤為中書侍郎兼戶部尚書、平章事。 〈（《宋史·李濤傳》：杜重威據鄴叛，高祖命高行周、慕容彥超討之，二帥不協，濤密疏親征。 高祖覽奏，以濤堪任宰輔，即拜中書侍郎兼戶部侍郎、平章事。）〉 是日，權太常卿張昭上疏，奏改一代樂名。 戊寅，詔以杜重威叛命，取今月二十九日暫幸澶、魏。 己卯，以前樞密使李崧為太子太傅，以前左僕射和凝為太子太保。 庚辰，車駕發京師。
On jiazi in the ninth month chief minister Su Fengji was given concurrent appointment as minister of revenue and Su Yugui as minister of justice. On dingmao vice minister of personnel Zhang Zhao, acting minister of rites, was appointed minister of rites. On wuchen the late Yi prefect Guo Lin was posthumously honored as grand tutor. On jiaxu chief minister Su Fengji became left vice director and supervisor of the national history; Su Yugui became right vice director and grand academician of the hall of assembled worthies; and minister of personnel Dou Zhengu was appointed defender minister of works, vice director of the chancellery, grand councillor, and grand academician of the hall of broad culture, (The Song History biography of Dou Zhengu notes that the emperor and Zhengu had once served together under Jin Gaozu and were on excellent terms. Su Fengji and Su Yugui had risen abruptly from the Prince of Wei's staff to the chief ministership; wishing a senior minister at their head, and finding Zhengu steady, reserved, and widely respected, they appointed him minister of works, vice director of the chancellery, and grand councillor.)〉 Hanlin academician and acting secretariat drafter Li Tao was appointed vice director of the secretariat, concurrent minister of revenue, and grand councillor. (The Song History biography of Li Tao records that when Du Chongwei rebelled and held Ye, Gaozu ordered Gao Xingzhou and Murong Yanchao to suppress him; the two commanders failed to cooperate, and Tao submitted a secret memorial urging the emperor to lead the campaign in person. Gaozu read the memorial and, judging Tao fit for high office, immediately appointed him vice director of the secretariat, concurrent vice minister of revenue, and grand councillor.)〉 That day acting minister of rites Zhang Zhao submitted a memorial proposing changes to the dynasty's ritual music titles. On wuyin an edict declared that because Du Chongwei had rebelled, the emperor would temporarily proceed to Chan and Wei on the twenty-ninth day of that month. On jimao former military commissioner Li Song was appointed grand tutor of the heir apparent, and former left vice director He Ning grand preceptor of the heir apparent. On gengchen the emperor departed the capital.
7
冬十月癸未，以太子太保李鏻為司徒，以太子太傅盧文紀為太子太師，以前磁州刺史李穀為左散騎常侍。 〈（《宋史·李蒨傳》：舊制，罷外郡歸本官，至是進秩，獎之也。）〉 甲申，車駕次韋城。 詔：「河北諸州見禁罪人，自十月五日昧爽以前，常赦所不原者，咸赦除之。」 壬辰，日有黑子如雞卵。 丙申，以相州留後王繼宏為相州節度使，加檢校太傅。 至鄴都城下。 丙午，詔都部署高行周督眾攻城，帝登高阜以觀之，時眾議未欲攻擊，副部署慕容彥超堅請攻之。 是日，王師傷夷者萬餘人，不克而退。
In the tenth month of winter, on guiwei, grand preceptor of the heir apparent Li Lin was appointed minister of education; grand tutor Lu Wenji was made grand preceptor of the heir apparent; and former Ci prefect Li Gu was appointed left cavalry attendant. (The Song History biography of Li Qian notes that by custom dismissal from an external post meant return to one's former office; on this occasion advancement in rank served as the reward.)〉 On jiashen the emperor encamped at Weicheng. An edict declared that all prisoners held in Hebei prefectures as of dawn on the fifth day of the tenth month—including offenses never covered by routine amnesties—were to be fully pardoned.' On renchen dark blemishes appeared on the sun, each as large as a hen's egg. On bingshen Xiang acting prefect Wang Jihong was appointed military governor of Xiang and made honorary grand tutor. The army arrived beneath the walls of Ye. On bingwu an edict put Grand Marshal Gao Xingzhou in charge of the siege; the emperor watched from a hilltop while his commanders still debated holding back—until Deputy Marshal Murong Yanchao pressed hard for an attack. That day the imperial forces lost more than ten thousand men, failed to breach the city, and fell back.
8
十一月壬子，雨木冰。 癸丑，日南至，從官稱賀於行宮。 己未，湖南奏，荊南節度使高從誨叛。 辛酉，雨木冰。 壬申，杜重威上表請命。 癸酉，雨木冰。 丁丑，杜重威素服出降，待罪於宮門，詔釋其罪。 鄴都留守、天雄軍節度使高行周加守太尉，封臨清王。 以杜重威為檢校太師、守太傅、兼中書令、楚國公。 己卯，以許州節度使兼侍衛步軍都指揮使史宏肇為宋州節度使、同平章事，充侍衛親軍馬步軍都指揮使； 以滑州節度使兼侍衛馬軍都指揮使劉信為許州節度使、同平章事，充侍衛親軍馬步軍副都指揮； 以澶州節度使慕容彥超為鄆州節度使、同平章事； 以前定州節度使李殷為貝州節度使； 以鄭州防禦使郭從義為澶州節度使。
In the eleventh month, on renzi, glaze ice coated the trees. On guichou, the winter solstice, the emperor's attendants offered their congratulations at the traveling palace. On jiwei Hunan circuit reported that Jingnan governor Gao Conghui had risen in rebellion. On xinyou glaze ice coated the trees again. On renshen Du Chongwei sent up a memorial asking for instructions. On guiyou glaze ice coated the trees once more. On dingchou Du Chongwei emerged in unadorned white dress to surrender, waiting in submission at the palace gate; an edict then pardoned his offenses. Gao Xingzhou, Ye defender and Tianxiong governor, was raised to acting grand guardian and enfeoffed as Prince of Linqing. Du Chongwei was appointed honorary grand preceptor, acting grand tutor, director of the secretariat, and Duke of Chu. On jimao Xu governor and foot-guard commander Shi Hongzhao became Song governor and grand councillor, and took command of the imperial guard horse-and-foot armies; Hua governor and horse-guard commander Liu Xin became Xu governor and grand councillor, and was named deputy commander of the imperial guard horse-and-foot armies; Chan governor Murong Yanchao was transferred to Yan as governor and grand councillor; former Ding governor Li Yin was appointed Bei governor; Zheng defense commissioner Guo Congyi was made Chan governor.
9
乾祐元年正月辛亥朔，帝不受朝賀。 乙卯，制：「大赦天下，改天福十三年為乾祐元年。 自正月五日昧爽已前，犯罪人除十惡五逆外，罪無輕重，咸赦除之。」 己未，改御名為暠。 辛酉，詔：「諸道行軍副使、兩使判官並不得奏薦。 帶使相節度使許奏掌書記、支使、節度推官； 不帶使相節度使，許奏掌書記、節度推官。 其防禦團練判官、軍事判官等聽奏。 所薦州縣官，帶使相節度使許薦三人； 不帶使相二人； 防禦、團練、刺史一人」云。 以前鄧州節度使、燕國公馮道為守太師，進封齊國公。 甲子，帝不豫。 庚午，以前宗正卿石光贊為太子賓客，以太僕卿趙上交為秘書監。 丁丑，故尚書左丞韓祚贈司徒。 二十七日丁丑，帝崩於萬歲殿，時年五十四。 秘不發喪。 庚辰，太傅杜重威伏誅。 〈（《契丹國志》云：漢祖召蘇逢吉、楊邠、史宏肇入受顧命，曰：「承祐幼弱，後事托在卿輩。」 又曰：「善防杜重威。」 是日殂。 逢吉等秘不發喪，下詔稱：「重威父子，因朕小疾，謗議搖眾，皆斬之。」 磔死於市，市人爭啖其肉。）〉
On the new moon of the first month in the first year of Qianyou, the emperor declined the usual court congratulations. On yimao a decree proclaimed a general amnesty throughout the realm and changed the thirteenth year of Tianfu to the first year of Qianyou. All crimes committed before dawn on the fifth day of the first month—save the ten abominations and five capital offenses, regardless of severity—were to be wholly pardoned.' On jiwei the emperor's personal name was changed to Gao. On xinyou an edict ruled that army march deputy commissioners and judicial officers of the two commissions might no longer submit recommendations by memorial. Governors who also held commissioner grand councillor rank might recommend chief secretaries, staff officers, and military-law examiners; Governors without that rank might recommend chief secretaries and military-law examiners. Judicial officers of defense and training commissions, military judicial officers, and the like remained free to submit recommendations. For prefecture and county posts, governors with commissioner grand councillor rank might recommend three men; those without it, two; defense commissioners, training commissioners, and prefects, one each,' the edict concluded. Feng Dao, former Deng governor and Duke of Yan, was made acting grand preceptor and elevated to Duke of Qi. On jiazi the emperor fell ill. On gengwu Shi Guangzan, former director of the imperial clan court, became mentor to the heir apparent, and Zhao Shangjiao, director of the imperial stud, was appointed director of the secretariat library. On dingchou the late left vice director Han Zuo was posthumously honored as minister of works. On the twenty-seventh day, dingchou, the emperor died in Wansui Hall. He was fifty-four. The court kept his death secret and did not yet proclaim mourning. On gengchen Grand Tutor Du Chongwei was put to death. (The Records of the Khitan State relate that the Han founder summoned Su Fengji, Yang Bin, and Shi Hongzhao to receive his deathbed charge, saying, "Chengyou is still a child; I entrust what follows to you. He added, "Guard yourselves against Du Chongwei. That same day he expired. Fengji and his colleagues concealed the death and issued an edict in the emperor's name: "Du Chongwei and his son, exploiting my minor illness, spread slander and unsettled the people—both shall be executed. They were torn apart and executed in the market; townspeople fought over their flesh.)〉
10
二月辛巳朔，內降遺制，皇子周王承祐可於柩前即皇帝位。 是日發哀。 其年二月，太常卿張昭上謚曰睿文聖武昭肅孝皇帝，廟號高祖。 十一月壬申，葬於睿陵，宰臣蘇禹珪撰謚冊、哀冊文雲。 〈（《五代史補》：高祖嘗在晉祖麾下，晉祖既起太原，因高祖遂有天下。 先是，豫章有僧號上藍者，精於術數，自唐末著讖云：「石榴花發石榴開。」 議者以「石榴」則晉、漢之謂也，再言「石榴」者，明享祚俱不過二世矣。）〉
On the new moon of the second month a testamentary edict issued from within the palace: Imperial Prince Zhou Wang Chengyou was to ascend the throne immediately before the coffin. That day the court publicly proclaimed the mourning. Later that second month, Minister of Rites Zhang Zhao proposed the posthumous title Sagaciously Cultured, Sacredly Martial, Solemnly Reverent, and Filially Devoted Emperor, with the temple name Gaozu. In the eleventh month, on renshen, he was buried at Ruiling; Chief Minister Su Yugui wrote the texts for the posthumous-title scroll and the lamentation scroll. (The Supplement to the History of the Five Dynasties records that Gaozu had once served under Jin Gaozu; when the Jin founder rose at Taiyuan, it was through Gaozu that the house came to rule the realm. Earlier, at Yuzhang, a monk called Shanglan, skilled in divination, had composed a prophecy in late Tang times: "When the pomegranate blooms, the pomegranate opens." Commentators read "pomegranate" as a reference to Jin and Han; the doubled "pomegranate" showed that both dynasties would rule for no more than two generations.)〉
11
史臣曰：在昔皇天降禍，諸夏無君。 漢高祖肇起並、汾，遄臨汴、洛，乘虛而取神器，因亂而有帝圖，雖曰人謀，諒由天啟。 然帝昔蒞戎藩，素虧物望，洎登宸極，未厭人心，徒矜拯溺之功，莫契來蘇之望。 良以急於止殺，不暇崇仁。 燕薊降師，既連營而受戮； 鄴臺叛帥，因閉壘以偷生。 蓋撫禦以乖方，俾征伐之不息。 及回鑾輅，尋墮烏號，故雖有應運之名，而未睹為君之德也。
The historian writes: In former times Heaven sent calamity upon the land, and the Chinese realms were left without a ruler. Han Gaozu first rose in Bing and Fen, then swiftly advanced on Bian and Luoyang, seized the imperial regalia when the realm lay open, and won his imperial design amid chaos—though men called it human contrivance, it was surely Heaven's opening. Yet when he had held a military command, he had long lacked public esteem; once enthroned he still failed to win men's hearts, boasting only of rescuing the drowning while never fulfilling the people's hope of renewal. This was because he was intent on stopping the killing and had no time to cultivate benevolent rule. Troops who had surrendered from Yan and Ji were put to the sword camp after camp; while the rebel commander at Ye preserved his life by shutting himself within the fortress. In the end his methods of pacification and control were misapplied, and warfare never ceased. When the imperial carriage returned, he soon fell from his horse; thus, though he bore the name of a man who answered his age, the virtue of true kingship was never seen in him.