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顯德三年春正月乙未朔，帝不受朝賀。 前司空蘇禹珪卒。 丁酉，李穀奏，破淮賊於上窯。 戊戌，發丁夫十萬城京師羅城。 庚子，詔取此月八日幸淮南。 殿中監馬從赟免所居官，坐幹沒外孫女霍氏之資產，為人所訟故也。 辛丑，以宣徽南院使向訓為權東京留守，以端明殿學士王樸為副留守。 壬寅，車駕發京師，丁未，李穀奏，自壽州引軍退守正陽。 辛亥，李重進奏，大破淮賊於正陽，斬首二萬餘級，伏屍三十里，臨陣斬賊大將劉彥貞，生擒偏將鹹師朗已下，獲戎甲三十萬副、馬五百匹。 先是，李穀駐軍於壽春城下，以攻其城，既而淮南援軍大至，乃與將佐謀曰：「賊軍舟棹將及正陽，我師無水戰之備，萬一橋梁不守，則大軍隔絕矣，不如全師退守正陽浮橋，以俟鑾輅。」 諸將皆以為然，遂燔其糧草而退。 軍回之際無復嚴整，公私之間頗多亡失，淮北役夫亦有陷於賊境者。 帝聞之，急詔侍衛都指揮使李重進率師赴之。 時淮賊乘李穀退軍之勢，發戰棹數百艘沿淮而上，且張斷橋之勢，彥貞以大軍列陣而進。 李重進既至正陽，聞淮軍在近，率諸將渡橋而進，與賊軍遇，重進等合勢擊之，一鼓而敗之。 〈（馬令《南唐書》：世宗親征，行至圉鎮，聞蒨軍卻，意唐兵必追之，遣李重進急趨正陽，曰：「唐兵且至，宜急擊之。」 彥貞等聞蒨退軍，皆以為怯，裨將鹹師朗曰：「追之可大獲。」 劉仁贍使人喻之曰：「君來赴援，未交戰而敵人退，不可測也，慎勿追逐。 君為大將，安危以之，脫有不利，大事去矣。」 前軍張全約亦曰：「不可追。」 彥貞曰：「軍容在我，汝輩何知？ 沮吾事者斬！」 比至正陽，而重進先至，未及食而戰。 彥貞施利刃於拒馬，又刻木為獸，號捷馬牌，以皮囊布鐵蒺藜於地。 周兵見而知其怯，一鼓而敗之，彥貞死於陣。）〉 殺獲之外，降者三千餘人，皆為我將趙晁所殺。 甲寅，車駕至正陽。 以侍衛都指揮使李重進為淮南道行營都招討使，命宰臣李穀判壽州行府事。 乙卯，車駕渡淮。 丙辰，至壽州城下，營於州西北淝水之陽，詔移正陽浮橋於下蔡。 庚申，耀兵於城下。 〈（《春明退朝錄》云：家有《範魯公雜錄》，記世宗親征忠正，駐蹕城下，中夜有白虹自淝水起，亙數丈，下貫城中，數刻方沒。）〉 壬戌，今上奏，破淮賊萬餘眾於渦口，斬偽兵馬都監何延錫等，獲戰船五十艘。
On New Year's Day in spring of the third year of Xiande, the Emperor declined the usual New Year court congratulations. Su Yugui, the former Minister of Works, died. On dingyou, Li Gu reported a victory over the Huainan rebels at Shangyao. On wuxu, the court drafted one hundred thousand laborers to fortify the capital's outer ramparts. On gengzi, an edict scheduled the Emperor's departure for Huainan on the eighth of the month. Ma Congyun, Director of the Palace Secretariat, was dismissed after being sued for seizing the property of his granddaughter, the Huo family heiress. On xinchou, Xiang Xun of the Southern Bureau of the Palace Secretariat was appointed acting regent of the Eastern Capital, with Wang Pu of the Duanming Hall as his deputy. On renyin the Emperor left the capital. On dingwei, Li Gu reported that he had pulled his forces back from Shouzhou to defend Zhengyang. On xinhai, Li Chongjin reported a great victory at Zhengyang: over twenty thousand enemy dead, bodies strewn for thirty li along the field. He killed the rebel commander Liu Yanzhen in the fighting, took Deputy General Xian Shilang and others alive, and captured three hundred thousand suits of armor and five hundred horses. Earlier Li Gu had besieged Shouchun. When strong Huainan reinforcements arrived, he told his commanders: "The enemy fleet is nearing Zhengyang, and we are not equipped for river fighting. If the bridge falls, the army will be stranded. We should pull back intact to the pontoon bridge at Zhengyang and wait for the Emperor." The officers all agreed, so they burned their stores and retreated. The withdrawal was disorderly, with heavy losses of government and private property, and some laborers from north of the Huai were captured behind enemy lines. On hearing this, the Emperor urgently ordered Li Chongjin, Commander of the Palace Guards, to march to their relief. The Huainan rebels exploited Li Gu's retreat, sending hundreds of warships up the Huai while positioning to cut the bridge; Liu Yanzhen advanced with his main force in battle order. Li Chongjin reached Zhengyang, learned the enemy was close, and led his officers across the bridge. They met the rebel force and, joining their strength in one assault, broke them at the first charge. (Ma Ling's History of Southern Tang records that during Shizong's personal campaign, at Yuzhen he heard Qian's army had pulled back and expected Zhou forces to pursue. He sent Li Chongjin urgently to Zhengyang with the order: "The enemy is coming—attack at once." Liu Yanzhen and his officers took Qian's withdrawal as a sign of cowardice. Deputy General Xian Shilang urged: "A pursuit would bring rich spoils." Liu Renshan sent a messenger warning him: "You came as reinforcements. The enemy retreated without fighting—that is suspicious. Do not pursue. You are the commander-in-chief; the fate of the campaign rests on you. One setback could ruin everything." Vanguard commander Zhang Quanyue likewise advised against pursuit." Liu Yanzhen snapped: "I command this army—what do you know? Anyone who stands in my way will be executed!" When they reached Zhengyang, Chongjin was already there; the armies clashed before the southerners could even take a meal. Yanzhen armed his abatis with blades, set up carved wooden beasts called Swift Horse Boards, and strewed the ground with bagged caltrops. The Zhou soldiers saw these tricks and knew their foe lacked nerve; one charge broke them, and Yanzhen fell in battle.)〉 Beyond the dead and captured, more than three thousand who surrendered were slaughtered by the Zhou general Zhao Chao. On jiayin the Emperor arrived at Zhengyang. Li Chongjin, Commander of the Palace Guards, was appointed overall commander of the Huainan campaign, and Chief Minister Li Gu was assigned to run the field headquarters at Shouzhou. On yimao the Emperor crossed the Huai River. On bingchen he camped south of the Fei River below Shouzhou and ordered the Zhengyang pontoon bridge relocated to Xiacai. On gengshen the army paraded in strength before the city walls. (The Record of Leaving Court at Chunming notes that Fan the Duke of Lu's Miscellaneous Records describes Shizong's siege of Shouzhou: at midnight a white rainbow rose from the Fei, spanned several zhang, and plunged into the city before fading after some time.)〉 On renxu Zhao Kuangyin reported victory at Wokou over ten thousand Huainan troops, the execution of the enemy Director of Horse and Foot He Yanxi, and the capture of fifty warships.
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二月丙寅，幸下蔡。 斬前濟州馬軍都指揮使康儼於路左，坐橋道不謹也。 朗州節度使王進逵奏，領兵入淮南界。 戊辰，廬壽巡檢使司超奏，破淮賊三千於盛唐，獲都監偽吉州刺史高弼以獻。 詔釋之。 兵部尚書張昭奏，準詔撰集兵法，分為十卷，凡四十二門，目之為《制旨兵法》，上之。 優詔褒美，仍以器幣賜之。 壬申，今上奏，破淮賊萬五千人於清流山，乘勝攻下滁州，擒偽命江州節度使、充行營應援使皇甫暉，常州團練使、充應援都監姚鳳以獻。 〈（王钅至《默記》：李景聞世宗親至淮上，而滁州其控扼，且援壽州，命大將皇甫暉、監軍姚鳳提兵十萬扼其地。 太祖以周師數千與暉遇於清流關隘路，周師大敗，暉整全師入憩滁州城下，會翊日再出。 太祖兵聚關下，且虞暉兵再至，聞諸村人，雲有鎮州趙學究在村中教學，多智計，村民有爭訟者，多請以決曲直。 太祖往訪之，學究曰：「我有奇計，所謂因敗為勝，轉禍為福。 今關下有徑路，人無行者，雖牌軍亦不知之，乃山之背也，可以直抵城下。 方值西澗水大漲之時，彼必謂我既敗之後，無敢躡其後者，誠能由山背小路率兵浮西澗水至城下，斬關而入，可以得志。」 太祖大喜，且命學究以指其路，學究亦不辭，而遣人前導，即下令誓師，夜從小徑行，三軍跨馬浮西澗以迫城，暉果不為備。 奪門以入，暉始聞之，率親兵擐甲與太祖巷戰，三縱而三擒之，遂下滁州。）〉 甲戌，江南國主李景遣泗州牙將王知朗賫書一函至滁州，本州以聞，書稱唐皇帝奉書於大周皇帝，其略云：「願陳兄事，永奉鄰歡，設或俯鑒遠圖，下交小國，悉班卒乘，俾乂蒼黔，慶雞犬之相聞，奉瓊瑤以為好，必當歲陳山澤之利，少助軍旅之須。 虔俟報章，以答高命，道塗朝坦，禮幣夕行」云。 書奏不答。 乙亥，今上縶送所獲江南二將皇甫暉、姚鳳至行在，詔釋之。 壬午，江南國主李景遣其臣偽翰林學士戶部侍郎鐘謨、偽工部侍郎文理院學士李德明等奉表來上，敘願依大國稱臣納貢之意，仍進金器千兩，錦綺綾羅二千匹及禦衣、犀帶、茶茗、藥物等，又進犒軍牛五百頭，酒二千石。 是日，賜謨等錦綺綾羅二百匹，銀器一百兩，襲衣、金帶、鞍馬等。 丙戌，侍衛馬軍指揮韓令坤奏，收下揚州。 〈（《東都事略·韓令坤傳》：率兵襲揚州，將吏開門以迎之，令坤整眾而入，市不易肆，人甚悅。）〉 丁亥，壽州城內左神衛軍使徐象等一十八人來奔。 庚寅，朗州節度使王進逵上言領兵入鄂州界，攻長山寨，殺賊軍三千餘眾。 辛卯，今上表偽命天長軍制置使耿謙以本軍降，獲糧草二千餘萬。 侍衛馬軍都指揮使韓令坤上言，泰州降。 癸巳，荊南上言，朗州節度使王進逵為部將潘叔嗣所殺。 〈（《九國誌·王逵傳》：領眾逼宜春，道出長沙，耀兵金波亭，有蜜蜂集傘蓋中，占者以為不利，遂留長沙，令行營副使毛立領兵南下，以潘叔嗣、張文表為前鋒。 叔嗣怒，至澧陵擁眾而還。 逵聞兵叛，乃乘輕舸奔歸武陵，叔嗣追殺之於朗州城外。）〉 遣人詣潭州，請周行逢為帥，行逢至朗州，斬叔嗣於市。
In the second month, on bingyin, the Emperor went to Xiacai. Kang Yi, former commander of the Jizhou horse army, was beheaded beside the road for failing to maintain bridges and routes. Wang Jinkui, military governor of Langzhou, reported leading his army into Huainan. On wuchen patrol commissioner Si Chao reported defeating three thousand rebels at Sheng Tang and presenting the captured enemy director and false Jizhou prefect Gao Bi. An edict ordered him released. Minister of War Zhang Zhao presented the ten-juan Imperially Directed Military Methods, comprising forty-two sections compiled at imperial order. The Emperor issued a commendatory edict and rewarded him with ritual vessels and silks. On renshen Zhao Kuangyin reported routing fifteen thousand rebels at Qingliushan, capturing Chuzhou, and presenting the captured false Jiangzhou governor and relief commander Huangfu Hui and false Changzhou commissioner and relief director Yao Feng. (Wang Zhi's Silent Records relates that when Li Jing learned Shizong had reached the Huai in person, he sent Generals Huangfu Hui and Yao Feng with one hundred thousand men to hold Chuzhou, the key to relieving Shouzhou. Kuangyin led a few thousand Zhou troops against Hui at Qingliu Pass and was badly beaten. Hui rested his intact army below Chuzhou and planned to march out again the next day. Kuangyin's troops regrouped below the pass, anxious that Hui would attack again. Villagers told him of a Zhenzhou schoolmaster Zhao in the hamlet—a man of keen counsel whom locals trusted to settle disputes. Kuangyin sought him out. The schoolmaster said: "I have a plan to turn defeat into victory and disaster into advantage. There is an unused path below the pass, unknown even to the enemy cavalry, along the mountain's far side straight to the city walls. With the West Stream in flood they will assume we dare not pursue after our rout. Lead men along the back path, ford the stream, and storm the gate—you can still win." Kuangyin was delighted, had the schoolmaster guide them, and marched by night along the hidden path. The whole army forded the swollen West Stream and rushed the walls while Hui was still unprepared. They burst through the gate. Hui rallied his guards for street fighting with Kuangyin; three times he was captured and released before Chuzhou fell.)〉 On jiaxu Li Jing of Jiangnan sent Adjutant Wang Zhilang to Chuzhou with a letter addressed from the Tang Emperor to the Emperor of Great Zhou, proposing brotherly relations and lasting peace, offering troops to pacify the realm, neighborly contact across the border, jade gifts in friendship, and annual tribute of regional goods to support the Zhou armies. We await your gracious reply; may the roads be open by dawn and our tribute dispatched by nightfall," it concluded. The court made no reply to the letter. On yihai Zhao Kuangyin escorted the captured generals Huangfu Hui and Yao Feng to headquarters, where an edict ordered them freed. On renwu Li Jing sent Zhong Mo, Li Deming, and other envoys with a memorial offering vassalage and tribute to Great Zhou: a thousand liang of gold vessels, two thousand bolts of silks, imperial robes, rhinoceros belts, tea, medicines, five hundred oxen, and two thousand shi of wine for the troops. That day the envoys received two hundred bolts of silk, a hundred liang of silverware, ceremonial dress, gold belts, and horses. On bingxu Han Lingkun, commander of the palace horse army, reported the capture of Yangzhou. (The Outline History of the Eastern Capital records that Han Lingkun stormed Yangzhou, whose officers opened the gates to him. He entered in good order without disturbing the markets, to the people's delight.)〉 On dinghai Xu Xiang of the Left Divine Guard and seventeen others defected from Shouzhou. On gengyin Wang Jinkui reported entering Ezhou, storming Changshan Stockade, and killing over three thousand enemy troops. On xinmao Zhao Kuangyin reported that the false Tianchang commissioner Geng Qian had surrendered with his army, yielding over twenty million units of grain and fodder. Han Lingkun, commander of the palace horse army, reported the surrender of Taizhou. On guisi Jingnan reported that Wang Jinkui of Langzhou had been killed by his subordinate Pan Shusi. (Records of the Nine States records that Wang Kui, marching on Yichun via Changsha, paraded at Jinbo Pavilion. Bees swarmed his parasol—a bad omen—so he stayed in Changsha and sent deputy Mao Li south with Pan Shusi and Zhang Wenbiao in the van. Enraged, Pan Shusi turned back at Liling with his troops. Hearing of the mutiny, Kui fled by light boat to Wuling; Shusi overtook and killed him outside Langzhou.)〉 Envoys invited Zhou Xingfeng from Tanzhou to take command; on reaching Langzhou he executed Pan Shusi in public.
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三月丙申，行光州刺史何超奏，光州偽命都監張承翰以城歸順，尋授承翰集州刺史。 庚子，文武百僚再上表請聽樂，詔允之。 行舒州刺史郭令圖奏，收下舒州。 〈（《隆平集·王審琦傳》：世宗征淮，舒州堅壁不下，以郭令圖為刺史，命審琦、司超將兵攻城，一夕拔之。 令圖入，復見逐於郡人。 審琦方進軍援黃州，聞令圖被逐，乃選騎銜枚襲城，夜敗其眾而復納之。）〉 江南國主李景表送先隔過朝廷兵士一百五十人至行在。 其軍即蜀軍也，秦、鳳之役，為王師所擒，配隸諸軍，及渡淮，輒復南逸。 帝怒其奔竄，盡戮之。 丙午，江南國主李景遣其臣偽司空孫晟、偽禮部尚書王崇質等奉表來上，仍進金一千兩、銀十萬兩、羅綺二千匹，又進賞給將士茶絹金銀羅帛等。 庚戌，兩浙奏，遣大將率兵攻常州。 延州留後李彥頵奏，蕃眾與部民為亂，尋與兵司都監閻綰掩殺，獲其酋帥高鬧兒等十人，磔於市。 彥頵本賈人也，貪而好利，蕃漢之民怨其侵刻，故至於是。 辛亥，賜江南李景書曰：
In the third month, on bingshen, acting Guangzhou prefect Chao Chao reported that the enemy director Zhang Chenghan had surrendered the city; Chenghan was soon made prefect of Jizhou. On gengzi the court officials again petitioned for music at court; the Emperor assented. Acting Shuzhou prefect Guo Lingtu reported the capture of Shuzhou. (The Longping Collection records that during the Huainan campaign Shuzhou resisted stubbornly until Guo Lingtu was appointed prefect and Wang Shenqi and Si Chao stormed it in a single night. When Lingtu entered the city, the local populace drove him out again. Shenqi was marching to relieve Huangzhou; learning of Lingtu's expulsion, he sent cavalry on a silent night raid, routed the rioters, and restored Lingtu to office.)〉 Li Jing of Jiangnan returned one hundred fifty Zhou soldiers who had been stranded behind enemy lines. They were Shu troops captured in the Qin-Feng campaign, assigned to Zhou units, who had fled south again when the army crossed the Huai. Enraged at their desertion, the Emperor had them all put to death. On bingwu Li Jing sent Sun Sheng, Wang Chongzhi, and other envoys with a memorial and tribute of a thousand liang of gold, a hundred thousand liang of silver, two thousand bolts of silk, and gifts of tea, silk, and precious goods for the troops. On gengxu the Two Zhes reported dispatching a senior general to attack Changzhou. Yanzhou commissioner Li Yanyin reported a tribal uprising; with Director Yan Wan he crushed the rebels, captured ten chieftains including Gao Naor, and had them dismembered in public. Yanyin had been a merchant, greedy and grasping; tribal and Han subjects alike resented his extortions, which led to the revolt. On xinhai the Emperor sent Li Jing of Jiangnan a letter that read:
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頃自有唐失禦，天步方艱，巢、蔡喪亂之餘，朱、李戰爭之後，中夏多故，六紀於茲，海縣瓜分，英豪鼎峙，自為聲教，各擅烝黎，連衡而交結四夷，乘釁而憑陵上國。 華風不競，否運所鐘，凡百有心，孰不興憤？ 朕猥承先訓，恭荷永圖，德不迨於前王，道不方於往古。 然而擅一百州之富庶，握三十萬之甲兵，且農戰交修，士卒樂用，思欲報累朝之宿怨，刷萬姓之包羞。 是以踐位已來，懷安不暇，破幽、并之巨寇，收秦、鳳之全封，兵不告疲，民有餘力。 一昨回軍隴上，問罪江幹，我實有辭，咎將誰執？ 朕親提金鼓，尋渡淮、淝，上順天心，下符人欲，前鋒所向，彼眾無遺，棄甲僵屍，動盈川谷。 收城徇地，已過滁陽，豈有落其爪牙，折其羽翼，潰其心腹，扼其吭喉而不亡者哉！
Since Tang lost the Mandate the realm has known sixty years of turmoil—from the catastrophes of Huang Chao and Cai Jing through the wars of Zhu Wen and Li Keyong. The empire was carved among rival warlords, each ruling his own domain, allying with barbarian powers and pressing the central state whenever weakness appeared. Chinese civilization seemed spent and fortune had turned against us—who with a heart did not burn with anger? I have humbly inherited my forebears' charge and their long design, though my virtue falls short of the sage kings and my governance cannot match antiquity. Yet I command the wealth of a hundred prefectures and three hundred thousand armed men; agriculture and war are pursued together, and the troops are eager to fight. I mean to avenge generations of humiliation and restore the people's honor. Since my accession I have known no ease: I crushed the great enemies of You and Bing and recovered Qin and Feng intact; the army has not wearied and the people still have strength to spare. Having just returned from Longyou, I now bring the army to the Yangtze to call you to account. The grievance is mine—who else bears the blame? I have taken the field in person, crossed the Huai and Fei, and aligned Heaven's will with the people's desire. Where my vanguard advanced, the enemy left none alive—abandoned armor and corpses choked the valleys. Cities have fallen and territory been overrun as far as Chuyang. With your claws cut, wings broken, heart routed, and throat in my grip—how can you not perish?
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蚤者，泗州主將遞送到書一函； 尋又使人鐘謨、李德明至，賫所上表及貢奉衣服腰帶、金銀器幣、茶藥牛酒等； 今又使人孫晟等並到行朝。 觀其降身聽命，引咎告窮，所謂君子見機，不俟終日，茍非達識，孰能若斯？ 但以奮武興戎，所以討不服； 惇信明義，所以懷遠人。 五帝三王盛德大業，恒用此道，以正萬邦。
Earlier your Sizhou commander forwarded a letter; then Zhong Mo and Li Deming came with your memorial and gifts of robes, belts, gold and silver, tea, medicines, oxen, and wine; and now Sun Sheng and your other envoys have reached headquarters. You humble yourself, accept blame, and confess your plight—the wise man seizes the moment without delay. Only a man of insight would act as you have. Yet arms are raised to chastise the recalcitrant; while sincerity and righteousness are how distant peoples are won over. The sage rulers of antiquity always governed the realm by this same principle.
6
朕今躬統戎師，龔行討伐，告於郊廟社稷，詢於將相公卿，天誘其衷，國無異論。 茍不能恢復內地，申畫邊疆，便議班旋，真同戲劇，則何以光祖宗之烈，厭士庶之心，匪獨違天，兼且咈眾。 但以淮南部內，已定六州，盧、壽、濠、黃，大軍悉集，指期克日，拉朽焚枯，其餘數城，非足介意。 必若盡淮甸之土地，為大國之提封，猶是遠圖，豈同迷復。 如此則江南吏卒悉遣放還，江北軍民並當留住，免違物類之性，俾安鄉土之情。 至於削去尊稱，願輸臣禮，非無故事，實有前規。 蕭詧奉周，不失附庸之道； 孫權事魏，自同藩國之儀。 古也雖然，今則不取，但存常號，何爽歲寒。 儻堅事大之心，終不迫人於險，事資真愨，辭匪枝遊，俟諸郡之悉來，即大軍之立罷。 質於天地，信若丹青，我無彼欺，爾無我詐，言盡於此，更不煩雲，茍曰未然，請自茲絕。
I now lead the army in person on this punitive campaign, having announced it to the spirits and consulted my ministers. Heaven guides my purpose, and the court speaks with one voice. To withdraw before recovering our territory and securing the border would be mere theater—how could I honor our ancestors or satisfy army and people? That would defy Heaven and outrage the nation. Six prefectures south of the Huai are already secured; Lu, Shou, Hao, and Huang are invested by our main force, victory is imminent, and the few cities still holding out scarcely matter. To annex all Huainan into our empire is a far-sighted aim—not the folly of turning back in confusion. Southern officials and troops would be sent home; northerners would remain where they belong, respecting natural ties to native soil. Surrendering your royal title and accepting vassal status is not without precedent. Xiao Cha served the Zhou as a loyal vassal; Sun Quan served Wei with the rites proper to a feudatory prince. Such was antiquity, but I will not demand it now; your ordinary title may stand—no breach of constancy through winter's cold. If you remain steadfast in submission, I will not press you to the brink. Deal in sincerity, not evasive words. When every prefecture has surrendered, the army will withdraw at once. I swear before Heaven and Earth, as clear as ink on silk: no deceit between us. I have said enough. If you disagree, let all relations end here.
7
竊以陽春在候，庶務縈思，願無廢於節宣，更自期於愛重。 音塵非遠，風壤猶殊，翹想所深，勞於夢寐。 又賜其將佐書曰：
Spring is near and affairs press upon you; take care of your health and cherish yourself. Though not far apart in distance, our lands differ in custom; my thoughts of you weary me even in sleep. He also sent their commanders a letter that read:
8
朕自類祃出師，麾旄問罪，絕長淮而電擊，指建業以鷹揚，旦夕之間，克捷相繼。 至若兵興之所自，釁起之所來，勝負之端倪，戎甲之次第，不勞盡諭，必想具知。 近者金陵使人，繼來行闕，追悔前事，委質大朝，非無謝咎之辭，亦有罷軍之請，但以南邦之土地，本中夏之封疆，茍失克復之期，大辜朝野之望，已興是役，固不徒還，必若自淮以南，畫江為界，盡歸中國，猶是遠圖。 所雲願為外臣，乞比湖、浙，彼既服義，朕豈忍人，必當別議封崇，待以殊禮。 凡爾將佐，各盡乃心，善為國家之謀，勉擇恒久之利。
Since I took the field at the border sacrifice, my banners have marched to punish rebellion, swept the Huai like lightning, and borne down on Jianye like a hawk. Victories have followed in quick succession. The origins of this war, its provocations, and the course of battle need no lengthy explanation—you know them well. Envoys from Jinling have come repeatedly, repenting and suing for peace—but the south was always Chinese soil. To withdraw now would betray the hopes of court and army. This campaign will not end in vain. To restore all lands south of the Huai to the empire remains our true aim. Your offer to become an outer vassal like the rulers of Hu and Zhe—once you submit in good faith, I will not be harsh. I shall grant you honorable rank and special treatment. Each of you commanders should give your full counsel, serve your state's true interest, and choose what will endure.
9
初，李景遣鐘謨、李德明奉表至行闕，使人面奏云：「本國主願割壽、濠、泗、楚、光、海六州之地，歸於大朝。」 帝志在盡取江北諸郡，不允其請。 使人見王師急攻壽陽，李德明奏曰：「願陛下寬臣數日之誅，容臣自往江南，取本國表，盡獻江北之地。」 帝許之，乃令李德明、王崇質賫此書以賜李景。
Earlier Li Jing had sent Zhong Mo and Li Deming with a memorial; their envoy reported that Li Jing offered to cede Shou, Hao, Si, Chu, Guang, and Hai to Great Zhou." The Emperor aimed to take all territory north of the Yangtze and refused. Seeing the assault on Shouyang, Li Deming pleaded: "Grant us a few days' reprieve to return south, obtain our ruler's formal submission, and surrender all territory north of the Yangtze." The Emperor agreed and sent Li Deming and Wang Chongzhi to deliver this letter to Li Jing.
10
夏四月甲子，以徐州節度使武行德為濠州城下行營都部署，以前鄧州節度使候章為壽州城下水寨都部署。 己巳，車駕發壽春，循淮而東。 辛未，揚州奏，江南大破兩浙軍於常州。 初，兩浙錢俶承詔遣部將率兵攻常州，為江南大將陸孟俊所敗，將佐陷沒者甚眾，李景亦以表聞。 乙亥，駐蹕於濠州城下。 丁丑，揚州韓令坤破江南賊軍於州之東境，獲大將陸孟俊。 今上表大破江南軍於六合，斬首五千級。 時李景乘常州之捷，遣陸孟俊領兵迫泰州，王師不守，韓令坤欲棄揚州而回。 帝怒，急遣殿前都指揮使張永德帥親兵往援之，又命今上領步騎二千人屯於六合。 俄而陸孟俊領其徒自海陵抵揚州，令坤迎擊，敗之，生擒孟俊。 李景遣其弟齊王達率大眾由瓜步濟江，距六合一舍而設柵。 居數日，乃棄柵來迫官軍。 今上麾兵以擊之，賊軍大敗，餘眾赴江溺死者不可勝紀。 己卯，韓令坤奏，敗楚州賊將馬在貴萬餘眾於灣頭堰，獲漣州刺史秦進崇。 丙戌，以宣徽南院使向訓為權淮南節度使，充沿江招討使； 以侍衛馬軍都指揮使韓令坤充沿江副招討使。 〈（《宋史·向拱傳》：揚州初平，南唐令境上出師謀收復，韓令坤有棄城之意，即驛召拱赴行在，拜淮南節度使，依前宣徽使兼沿江招討使，以令坤為副。 時周師久駐淮陽，都將趙晁、白延遇等驕恣橫暴，不相稟從，惟務貪濫，至有劫人婦女者。 及拱至，戮其不法者數輩，軍中肅然。）〉 丁亥，車駕發濠州，幸渦口。 己丑，以前湖南節度使馬希崇為左羽林統軍。
In the fourth month, on jiazi, Wu Xingde of Xuzhou was appointed commander below Hao city, and former Dengzhou governor Hou Zhang commander of the water camp below Shou city. On jisi the Emperor left Shouchun and marched east along the Huai. On xinwei Yangzhou reported that Jiangnan had crushed the Two Zhes' army at Changzhou. Qian Chu of the Two Zhes had attacked Changzhou at imperial order but was beaten by Lu Mengjun; many officers were lost. Li Jing reported the victory to the Zhou court. On yihai the Emperor encamped below Hao city. On dingchou Han Lingkun of Yangzhou routed Jiangnan forces on the eastern border and captured Lu Mengjun. Zhao Kuangyin reported a great victory at Liuhe with five thousand enemy heads taken. Emboldened by Changzhou, Li Jing sent Lu Mengjun against Taizhou. Zhou forces wavered, and Han Lingkun considered abandoning Yangzhou. Enraged, the Emperor sent Zhang Yongde with the palace guard to reinforce them and ordered Zhao Kuangyin to camp at Liuhe with two thousand horse and foot. Lu Mengjun marched from Hailing on Yangzhou; Lingkun met him, routed his force, and took him alive. Li Jing sent his brother Li Da, Prince of Qi, with a large army across the river at Guabu, encamping a li from Liuhe. After several days they abandoned their camp and advanced on the imperial forces. Kuangyin attacked; the enemy was routed, and countless drowned fleeing into the river. On jimao Han Lingkun reported defeating over ten thousand men under the Chuzhou rebel Ma Zaigui at Wantou Weir and capturing Lianzhou prefect Qin Jinchong. On bingxu Xiang Xun of the Southern Bureau was made acting Huainan governor and riverine campaign commander; Han Lingkun, commander of the palace horse army, was made his deputy. (The History of Song records that after Yangzhou fell, Southern Tang mobilized to retake it and Han Lingkun wished to evacuate. Xiang Gong was summoned, made Huainan governor and riverine commander, with Lingkun as deputy. The Zhou army had long camped at Huaiyang; commanders Zhao Chao and Bai Yanyu were insubordinate and rapacious, even abducting women. Gong executed several offenders and restored discipline.)〉 On dinghai the Emperor left Hao and went to Wokou. On jichou former Hunan governor Ma Xichong was appointed commander of the Left Feathered Forest Army.
11
五月壬辰朔，以渦口為鎮淮軍。 戊戌，車駕還京，發渦口。 〈（馬令《南唐書》：天子駐於渦口，猶欲再幸揚州，宰相範質以師老泣諫，乃班師。）〉 乙卯，上至自淮南，詔赦都下見禁罪人。 丁巳，陳州節度使王令溫卒。 戊午，以江南偽命東都副留守、工部侍郎馮延魯為太府卿。 己未，太子賓客於德辰卒。 辛酉，詔：「天下公私織造布帛及諸色匹段，幅尺斤兩，並須依向來制度，不得輕弱假偽，犯者擒捉送官。
On the first day of the fifth month Wokou was designated Zhenhuai Army. On wuxu the Emperor returned to the capital from Wokou. (Ma Ling records that at Wokou the Emperor still wished to march on Yangzhou until Fan Zhi tearfully pleaded that the army was exhausted, whereupon he withdrew.)〉 On yimao the Emperor returned from Huainan and pardoned prisoners held in the capital. On dingsi Wang Lingwen, military governor of Chenzhou, died. On wuwu Feng Yanlu, the former Southern Tang deputy regent of the Eastern Capital, was appointed Director of the Imperial Storehouse. On jiwei Yu Dechen, mentor to the Crown Prince, died. On xinyou an edict required all cloth and textiles, public or private, to meet established standards of width and weight; light or counterfeit goods were forbidden, offenders to be arrested.
12
六月甲子，以鳳翔節度使王景為秦州節度使，兼西面沿邊都部署； 以宣徽南院使、陳州節度使向訓為淮南節度使，依前南院宣徽使，加檢校太尉； 以曹州節度使韓通為許州節度使，加檢校太尉； 以亳州防禦使王全斌為隴州防禦使，遙領利州昭武軍兩使留後。 丙寅，許州王彥超移鎮永興軍，鄧州田景鹹移鎮鄜州。 御史中丞楊昭儉、知雜侍御史趙礪、侍御史張糾並停任，坐鞫獄失實也。 丁卯，以翰林學士、戶部侍郎陶穀為兵部侍郎，充翰林學士承旨； 以水部員外郎知制誥扈載、度支員外郎王著，並本官充翰林學士； 以給事中高防為右散騎常侍； 以前都官郎中、知制誥薛居正為左諫議大夫，充昭文館學士，判館事。 壬申，曲赦淮南道諸州見禁罪人，自今年六月十一日已前，凡有違犯，無問輕重，並不窮問。 先屬江南之時，應有非理科徭，無名配率，一切停罷雲。 戊寅，以右衛上將軍扈彥珂為太子太師致仕。 庚辰，以西京留守王晏為鳳翔節度使。 戊子，升贍國軍為濱州。 淮南道招討使李重進奏，壽州賊軍攻南寨，王師不利。 先是，詔步軍都指揮使李繼勛營於壽州之南，攻賊壘。 是日，賊軍出城來攻我軍，破柵而入，其攻城之具並為賊所焚，將士死者數百人。 李重進在東寨，亦不能救。 時城堅未下，師老於外，加之暑毒，糧運不繼。 李繼勛喪失之後，軍無固誌，諸將議欲退軍，賴今上自六合領兵歸闕，過其城下，因為駐留旬日，王師復振。
In the sixth month, on jiazi, Wang Jing of Fengxiang was made Qinzhou governor and overall western frontier commander; Xiang Xun was confirmed as Huainan governor, retaining his commissioner post, with the honorary rank of Grand Preceptor; Han Tong of Caozhou was transferred to Xuzhou with the honorary rank of Grand Preceptor; Wang Quanbin of Bozhou was made Longzhou defense commissioner and concurrently acting commissioner of Lizhou Zhaowu Army. On bingyin Wang Yanchao was transferred from Xuzhou to Yongxing, and Tian Jingxian from Dengzhou to Fuzhou. Censor-in-Chief Yang Zhaojian, supervising censor Zhao Li, and attendant censor Zhang Jiu were suspended for mishandling criminal cases. On dingmao Tao Gu was made Vice Minister of War and chief Hanlin academician; Hu Zai of the Water Bureau and Wang Zhu of the Revenue Bureau were appointed Hanlin academicians while keeping their posts; Supervising Secretary Gao Fang was made Right Regular Attendant; former Bureau of Justice director Xue Juzheng was made Left Remonstrance Grand Master, Zhaowen Hall academician, and hall administrator. On renshen a partial amnesty covered all prisoners in Huainan prefectures for offenses before the eleventh of the sixth month, without regard to severity. All improper levies imposed under Jiangnan rule were abolished. On wuyin Hu Yanke, general of the Right Guard, was made Grand Preceptor of the Crown Prince and retired. On gengchen Western Capital regent Wang Yan was appointed military governor of Fengxiang. On wuzi Shanguo Army was elevated to Bin Prefecture. Li Chongjin reported that Shouzhou rebels had attacked the southern camp and the imperial army had suffered a setback. Earlier Li Jixun, commander of the foot army, had been ordered to camp south of Shouzhou and assault the rebel works. That day the rebels sallied, broke into the camp, burned the siege equipment, and killed several hundred men. Li Chongjin in the eastern camp could not relieve them. The city still held; the army was weary, summer heat was severe, and supplies ran short. After Jixun's defeat morale collapsed and officers talked of retreat. Zhao Kuangyin, returning from Liuhe, halted below the city for ten days and restored the army's spirit.
13
秋七月辛卯朔，以武清軍節度使、知潭州軍府事周行逢為朗州大都督，充武平軍節度使，加檢校太尉、兼侍中。 丁酉，以太子賓客盧價為禮部尚書致仕，以給事中李明為大理卿。 庚子，盧州行營都部署劉重進奏，破淮賊千餘於州界。 丁未，濠州行營都部署武行德奏，敗淮賊二千人於州界。 庚戌，太子太保王仁裕卒。 辛亥，皇后符氏薨。 淮南節度使向訓自揚州班師，回駐壽春。 時王師攻壽春，經年未下，江、淮盜賊充斥，舒、蘄、和、泰等州復為吳人所據，故棄揚州並力於壽春焉。 〈（馬令《南唐書》：向訓請棄揚州，並力以攻壽春，乃封府庫付主者，遣淮南舊將按巡城中，秋毫不犯而去。 淮人大悅，皆負糗糧以送周師。）〉
On the first day of the seventh month Zhou Xingfeng was made Langzhou commander and Wuping governor, with the honorary ranks of Grand Preceptor and Palace Attendant. On dingyou Lu Jia, mentor to the Crown Prince, retired as Minister of Rites; Supervising Secretary Li Ming was made director of the Court of Judicial Review. On gengzi Liu Chongjin reported defeating over a thousand Huainan rebels on the Luzhou border. On dingwei Wu Xingde reported defeating two thousand Huainan rebels on the Hao border. On gengxu Wang Renyu, Grand Guardian of the Crown Prince, died. On xinhai Empress Fu died. Huainan governor Xiang Xun withdrew from Yangzhou and re-encamped at Shouchun. The siege of Shouchun had dragged on a year; bandits infested the rivers, and Wu forces had retaken Shu, Qi, He, and Tai. Yangzhou was abandoned to concentrate on Shouchun. (Ma Ling records that Xiang Xun asked to abandon Yangzhou and focus on Shouchun, sealed the treasury, posted former Huainan officers to keep order, and withdrew without harming the populace. The people rejoiced and brought provisions to supply the Zhou army.)〉
14
八月壬戌，河陽白重贊移鎮涇州，張澤移鎮河中。 甲子，以前鄧州節度使侯章復為鄧州節度使，以侍衛步軍都指揮使、彰信軍節度使李繼勛為河陽節度使。 乙丑，太僕卿劇可久停任，坐為舉官累也。 戊辰，端明殿學士王樸撰成新歷上之，命曰《顯德欽天曆》，上親為制序，仍付司天監行用。 殿前都指揮使張永德奏，破淮賊於下蔡。 先是，江南李景以王師猶在壽州，遣其將林仁肇、郭廷謂率水陸軍至下蔡，欲奪浮梁，以舟實薪芻，乘風縱火，永德禦之。 有頃，風勢倒指，賊眾稍卻，因為官軍所敗。 己卯，工部侍郎王敏停任，坐薦子婿陳南金為河陽記室也。
In the eighth month, on renxu, Bai Chongzan was transferred from Heyang to Jingzhou and Zhang Ze to Hezhong. On jiazi Hou Zhang was restored to Dengzhou, and Li Jixun, commander of the palace foot army, was made Heyang governor. On yichou Ju Kejiu, Director of the Imperial Stud, was suspended for a nominee's misconduct. On wuchen Wang Pu presented the new Xiande Imperial Heaven Calendar; the Emperor wrote its preface and ordered the Directorate of Astronomy to adopt it. Zhang Yongde, commander of the palace front army, reported defeating Huainan rebels at Xiacai. Li Jing had sent Lin Renzhao and Guo Tingyu with a combined force to Xiacai to seize the pontoon bridge, loading fire ships with fuel; Zhang Yongde held them off. Soon the wind turned, the enemy fell back, and the imperial army routed them. On jimao Vice Minister of Works Wang Min was suspended for appointing his son-in-law Chen Nanjin as recorder at Heyang.
15
九月丙午，以端明殿學士、左散騎常侍、權知開封府事王樸為尚書戶部侍郎，充樞密副使； 以右羽林統軍焦繼勛為左屯衛上將軍； 以左衛上將軍楊承信為右羽林統軍； 以左監門上將軍宋延渥為右神武統軍。
In the ninth month, on bingwu, Wang Pu was made Vice Minister of Revenue and deputy commissioner of the Bureau of Military Affairs; Jiao Jixun of the Right Feathered Forest was made general of the Left Garrison Guard; Yang Chengxin of the Left Guard was made commander of the Right Feathered Forest Army; Song Yanwo of the Left Gate Guards was made commander of the Right Divine Martial Army.
16
冬十月辛酉，葬宣懿皇后於懿陵。 癸亥，以右神武統軍宋延渥為廬州行營副部署。 乙丑，舒州刺史郭令圖責授虢州教練使，坐棄郡逃歸也。 丙寅，詔曰：「諸司職員皆系奏補，當執役之際，悉藉公勤，及聽選之時，尤資幹敏，茍非慎擇，漸致因循。 應諸司寺監，今後收補役人，並須人材俊利，身言可采，書劄堪中，自前行止，委無訛濫，勒本司關送吏部，引驗人材，考校筆劄。 其中選者，連所試書跡及正身引過中書，余從前後格敕處分，仍每年只得一度奏補。」 丁卯，宣懿皇后神主入廟，時有司請為後立別廟，禮也。 己巳，詔：「漳河以北郡縣，並許鹽貨通商，逐處有鹼鹵之地，一任人戶煎煉。」 壬申，以武平軍節度副使、知潭州軍府事宇文瓊為武清軍節度使，知潭州軍府事。 癸酉，淮南招討使李重進奏，破淮賊於盛唐，斬二千級。 太子賓客致仕薛仁謙卒。 丙子，襄州節度使、守太尉、兼中書令、陳王安審琦加守太師。 審琦鎮漢上十餘年，至是來朝，故以命寵之。 癸未，右拾遺趙守微杖一百，配沙門島。 守微本村民也，形貌樸野，粗學為文。 前年徒步上書，帝以急於取士，授右拾遺，聞者駭其事。 至是為妻父所訟，彰其醜行，故逐之。 〈（《東都事略·張昭傳》云：世宗好拔奇取俊，有自布衣上書、下僚言事者，多不次進用。 昭諫曰：「昔唐初劉洎、馬周起徒步，太宗擢用為相，其後朱樸、柳璨在下僚，昭宗亦以大用，然則太宗用之於前而國興，昭宗用於後而國亡，士之難知也如此。 臣願陛下存舊法而用人，以劉、馬為鑒，朱、柳為戒，則善矣。」）〉 甲申，宣授今上同州節度使兼殿前都指揮使，宣授內外馬步軍都軍頭袁彥為曹州節度使兼侍衛步軍都指揮使。 戊子，右神武統軍張彥超卒。
In the tenth month, on xinyou, Empress Xuanyi was buried at Yiling. On guihai Song Yanwo, commander of the Right Divine Martial Army, was appointed deputy commander of the Luzhou campaign. On yichou Shuzhou prefect Guo Lingtu was demoted to drill commissioner at Guozhou for abandoning his post and fleeing home. On bingyin an edict declared that all office staff were appointed by memorial and must serve diligently; careless selection would breed slackness. All agencies recruiting clerks must choose able men of good character and competent writing, verify their records, and send them to the Ministry of Personnel for examination. Successful candidates were to present their writing and appear before the Secretariat; appointments were limited to once per year under existing regulations." On dingmao Empress Xuanyi's spirit tablet entered the ancestral temple; the court also proposed a separate temple for her, as ritual required. On jisi an edict permitted salt trade in all counties north of the Zhang River and allowed households to boil salt wherever brine was found." On renshen Yuwen Qiong was made Wuqing governor while continuing to administer Tanzhou. On guiyou Li Chongjin reported defeating Huainan rebels at Sheng Tang with two thousand enemy killed. Xue Renqian, retired mentor to the Crown Prince, died. On bingzi Wang Shenqi, Prince of Chen and governor of Xiangzhou, was promoted to Grand Mentor. Shenqi had governed the Han region for over ten years; this promotion honored his visit to court. On guiwei Reminder Zhao Shouwei was flogged a hundred times and exiled to Shamen Island. Shouwei was a rustic villager of plain appearance with only rudimentary literary training. Two years earlier he had walked to the capital with a memorial; the Emperor, eager for talent, made him Reminder—to general astonishment. Now his father-in-law sued him, exposing scandalous conduct, and he was driven out. (The Outline History of the Eastern Capital records that Shizong favored promoting unusual talent; commoners and junior officials who petitioned were often advanced out of turn. Zhao warned: "In early Tang, Liu Ji and Ma Zhou rose from obscurity and Taizong made them chancellors—the state prospered. Later Zhu Pu and Liu Can were promoted by Zhaozong—and the state fell. Talent is hard to judge. I urge Your Majesty to follow established methods, taking Liu and Ma as models and Zhu and Liu as warnings." )〉 On jiashen Zhao Kuangyin was appointed Tongzhou governor and palace front army commander; Yuan Yan was made Caozhou governor and commander of the palace foot army. On wuzi Zhang Yanchao, commander of the Right Divine Martial Army, died.
17
十一月己丑朔，詔廢天下無名祠廟。 庚子，日南至，帝不受朝賀，以宣懿皇后遷祔日近也。 乙巳，江南進奉使孫晟下獄死，江南進奉使鐘謨責授耀州司馬。 戊申，放華山隱者陳摶歸山。 帝素聞摶有道術，征之赴闕，月餘放還舊隱。 庚戌，殿前都指揮使張永德奏，敗濠州送糧軍二千人於下蔡，奪米船十餘艘。 宰臣李穀以風痹請告十旬，三上表求解所任，不允。
On the first day of the eleventh month an edict abolished unauthorized shrines throughout the empire. On gengzi, the winter solstice, the Emperor declined New Year congratulations because Empress Xuanyi's enshrinement was imminent. On yisi Jiangnan envoy Sun Sheng died in prison; envoy Zhong Mo was demoted to military assistant at Yaozhou. On wushen the Huashan recluse Chen Tuan was released to return to his mountain retreat. The Emperor had heard of Chen Tuan's mystical arts, summoned him to court, and after a month sent him back to seclusion. On gengxu Zhang Yongde reported defeating two thousand Hao grain convoy troops at Xiacai and capturing over ten supply boats. Chief Minister Li Gu requested three months' leave for rheumatism and thrice asked to resign; the Emperor refused.
18
十二月己未朔，以給事中張鑄為光祿卿，鑄訴以官名與祖諱同，尋改秘書監，判光祿寺事。 辛酉，以許州節度使韓通兼侍衛馬步軍都虞候。 壬戌，以右領軍大將軍、權判三司張美領三司使。 壬申，以滑州節度使兼殿前都指揮使、駙馬都尉張永德為殿前都點校。 發陳、蔡、宋、亳、潁、曹、單等州丁夫城下蔡。 辛巳，故襄邑令劉居方贈右補闕，男士衡賜學究出身，獎廉吏也。 癸亥，詔兵部尚書張昭纂修太祖實錄及梁均王、唐清泰帝兩朝實錄。 〈（《五代會要》云：同修撰官委張昭定名奏請，至四年正月，張昭奏請國子祭酒尹拙、太子詹事劉溫叟同編修。）〉 又詔曰：「史館所少書籍，宜令本館諸處求訪補填。 如有收得書籍之家，並許進書人據部帙多少等第，各與恩澤，如是卷帙少者，量給資帛。 如館內已有之書，不在進納之限。 仍委中書門下，於朝官內選差三十人，據見在書籍，各求真本校勘，署校官姓名，逐月具功課申報中書門下。」 戊子，淮南道招討使李重進奏，破淮賊二千人於塌山北。
On the first day of the twelfth month Zhang Zhu was made Director of Imperial Banquets but pleaded that the title violated his ancestor's taboo; he was reassigned as Secretariat director overseeing the Banquets office. On xinyou Xuzhou governor Han Tong was also made chief commandant of the palace horse and foot armies. On renxu Zhang Mei, acting head of the Three Departments, was appointed their commissioner. On renshen Zhang Yongde, Huazhou governor and palace commander, was made overall inspector of the palace armies. Laborers from Chen, Cai, Song, Bo, Ying, Cao, Shan, and neighboring prefectures were drafted to fortify Xiacai. On xinsi the late magistrate Liu Jufang was posthumously made Right Supplementation Censor and Shi Heng was granted scholar status, rewarding honest officials. On guihai Minister of War Zhang Zhao was ordered to compile the Veritable Records of Taizu and the records of the Liang and Tang Qingtai reigns. (The Institutions of the Five Dynasties records that Zhang Zhao was to nominate co-compilers; in the first month of the fourth year he proposed Yin Zhuo and Liu Wensou join the project.)〉 Another edict ordered the History Office to seek out missing books everywhere. Households presenting books would receive rewards graded by the number of volumes; smaller donations would receive proportionate gifts of silk. Duplicates of books already in the collection were not eligible for rewards. The Secretariat was to select thirty court officials to collate existing texts, sign their work, and report monthly to the Secretariat." On wuzi Li Chongjin reported defeating two thousand Huainan rebels north of Tashan.