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梁書卷第四本紀第四
Book of Liang, Volume 4, Annals 4
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簡文帝
Emperor Jianwen
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太宗簡文皇帝諱綱，字世纘，小字六通，高祖第三子，昭明太子母弟也。 天監二年十月丁未，生於顯陽殿。 五年，封晉安王，食邑八千戶。 八年，為雲麾將軍，領石頭戍軍事，量置佐吏。 九年，遷使持節、都督南北兗青徐冀五州諸軍事、宣毅將軍、南兗州刺史。 十二年，入為宣惠將軍、丹陽尹。 十三年，出為使持節、都督荊雍梁南北秦益寧七州諸軍事、南蠻校尉、荊州刺史，將軍如故。 十四年，徙為都督江州諸軍事、雲麾將軍、江州刺史，持節如故。 十七年，徵為西中郎將、領石頭戍軍事，尋復為宣惠將軍、丹陽尹，加侍中。 普通元年，出為使持節、都督益寧雍梁南北秦沙七州諸軍事、益州刺史； 未拜，改授雲麾將軍、南徐州刺史。 四年，徙為使持節、都督雍梁、南北秦四州郢州之竟陵司州之隨郡諸軍事，平西將軍、寧蠻校尉、雍州刺史。 五年，進號安北將軍。 七年，權進都督荊、益、南梁三州諸軍事。 是歲，丁所生穆貴嬪喪，上表陳解，詔還攝本任。 中大通元年，詔依先給鼓吹一部。 二年，徵為都督南揚、徐二州諸軍事、驃騎將軍、揚州刺史。 三年四月乙巳，昭明太子薨。 五月丙申，詔曰：「非至公無以主天下，非博愛無以臨四海。 所以堯舜克讓，惟德是與； 文王舍伯邑考而立武王，格于上下，光于四表。 今岱宗牢落，天步艱難，淳風猶鬱，黎民未乂，自非克明克哲，允武允文，豈能荷神器之重，嗣龍圖之尊。 晉安王綱，文義生知，孝敬自然，威惠外宣，德行內敏，羣后歸美，率土宅心。 可立為皇太子。」 七月乙亥，臨軒策拜，以脩繕東宮，權居東府。 四年九月，移還東宮。
Taizong Emperor Jianwen, personal name Gang, courtesy name Shizuan, childhood name Liutong, was Gaozu's third son and Zhaoming Crown Prince's younger brother by the same mother. On dingwei in the tenth month of Tianjian 2 he was born in Xianyang Hall. In year 5 he was made Prince of Jin'an with a fief of eight thousand households. In year 8 he became General of the Cloud Banner, took charge of Shitou garrison affairs, and had aides appointed as required. In year 9 he was made Bearer of the Staff and commander of the five Yan, Qing, Xu, and Ji provinces, General Who Proclaims Resolution, and South Yanzhou inspector. In year 12 he entered court as General Who Proclaims Grace and intendant of Danyang. In year 13 he went out as Bearer of the Staff, commander of Jing, Yong, Liang, the two Qin, Yi, and Ning, Colonel of the Southern Barbarians, and Jingzhou inspector, retaining his generalship. In year 14 he was reassigned commander of Jiangzhou, General of the Cloud Banner, and Jiangzhou inspector, still Bearer of the Staff. In year 17 he was recalled as Leader of the Palace Gentlemen of the West with Shitou garrison duties, then again General Who Proclaims Grace and Danyang intendant, with Palace Attendant added. In Putong 1 he went out as Bearer of the Staff, commander of Yi, Ning, Yong, Liang, the two Qin, and Sha, and Yi province inspector; before taking office he was reassigned General of the Cloud Banner and South Xuzhou inspector. In year 4 he was reassigned Bearer of the Staff, commander of Yong, Liang, the two Qin, and related districts, General Who Pacifies the West, Colonel of Pacified Barbarians, and Yongzhou inspector. In year 5 he was promoted to General Who Pacifies the North. In year 7 he was provisionally made commander of Jing, Yi, and South Liang. That year, when his birth mother Honored Consort Mu died, he asked to resign but was ordered back to his post. In Zhongdatong 1 an edict granted him the usual suite of drums and pipes. In year 2 he was recalled as commander of South Yang and Xu, General of Agile Cavalry, and Yangzhou inspector. On yisi in the fourth month of year 3 Crown Prince Zhaoming died. On bingshen in the fifth month an edict said, "Without utmost fairness one cannot hold the realm; without universal love one cannot govern the four seas. Therefore Yao and Shun yielded the throne, giving it only to the virtuous; King Wen passed over Bo Yi Kao and installed King Wu, harmonizing above and below and shining across the four quarters. Now the sacred mountain is empty and the heavenly steps are hard; pure custom is still troubled and the people unrested—without brightness, wisdom, martial merit, and culture, who could bear the sacred regalia and succeed to the dragon throne? Prince Gang of Jin'an was gifted in letters and principles, naturally filial and respectful, his authority and kindness known abroad and his virtue keen within; the lords praised him and the realm took him to heart. He is to be established as crown prince. On yihai in the seventh month he was invested at the throne hall; while the Eastern Palace was repaired he lodged temporarily at the Eastern Mansion. In the ninth month of year 4 he returned to the Eastern Palace.
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太清三年五月丙辰，高祖崩。 辛巳，卽皇帝位。 詔曰：「朕以不造，夙丁閔凶。 大行皇帝奄棄萬國，攀慕號躃，厝身靡所。 猥以寡德，越居民上，煢煢在疚，罔知所託，方賴籓輔，社稷用安。 謹遵先旨，顧命遺澤，宜加億兆。 可大赦天下。」 壬午，詔曰：「育物惟寬，馭民惟惠，道著興王，本非隸役。 或開奉國，便致擒虜，或在邊疆，濫被抄劫。 二邦是競，黎元何罪！ 朕以寡昧，創承鴻業，旣臨率土，化行宇宙，豈欲使彼獨為匪民。 諸州見在北人為奴婢者，並及妻兒，悉可原放。」 癸未，追諡妃王氏為簡皇后。
On bingchen in the fifth month of Taiqing 3 Gaozu died. On xinsi he took the throne. An edict said, "Ill-fated as I am, I have long borne this grief. The late emperor has suddenly left the myriad realms; in longing and wailing I have nowhere to set myself. With slight virtue I have undeservedly risen above the people; alone in grief I know not whom to trust, and must rely on the feudatories to keep the altars secure. Respectfully following the prior command and the grace of the deathbed charge, the hundred millions should receive added benefit. A general amnesty is proclaimed for the empire. On renwu an edict said, "In nurturing things be broad; in governing the people be kind—the Way of founding kings was never meant for servitude. Some who opened their gates in loyalty were seized at once; some on the borders were wantonly raided. Two states contend—what crime have the common people! I, slight and dull, have newly received the great enterprise; now that I rule all within the seas and my transforming influence fills the cosmos, how could I wish them alone to be outcasts? Northerners now held as slaves and maidservants in the provinces, with wives and children, may all be released. On guiwei Consort Wang was posthumously titled Empress Jian.
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六月丙戌，以南康嗣王會理為司空。 丁亥，立宣城王大器為皇太子。 壬辰，封當陽公大心為尋陽郡王，石城公大款為江夏郡王，寧國公大臨為南海郡王，臨城公大連為南郡王，西豊公大春為安陸郡王，新塗公大成為山陽郡王，臨湘公大封為宜都郡王。
On bingxu in the sixth month the heir of Nankang Prince Huili was made Minister of Works. On dinghai Prince Daqi of Xuancheng was established as crown prince. On renchen Duke Daxin of Dangyang became Prince of Xunyang, Duke Dakuan of Shicheng Prince of Jiangxia, Duke Dalin of Ningguo Prince of Nanhai, Duke Dalian of Lincheng Prince of Nan commandery, Duke Dachun of Xifeng Prince of Anlu, Duke Dacheng of Xintu Prince of Shanyang, and Duke Dafeng of Linxiang Prince of Yidu.
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秋七月甲寅，廣州刺史元景仲謀應侯景，西江督護陳霸先起兵攻之，景仲自殺，霸先迎定州刺史蕭勃為刺史。 戊辰，以吳郡置吳州，以安陸王大春為刺史。 庚午，以司空南康嗣王會理兼尚書令，南海王大臨為揚州刺史，新興王大莊為南徐州刺史。 是月，九江大饑，人相食十四五。
On jiayin in the seventh month of autumn Guangzhou inspector Yuan Jingzhong plotted to join Hou Jing; West River Protector Chen Baxian rose against him; Jingzhong killed himself and Baxian installed Dingzhou inspector Xiao Bo as inspector. On wuchen Wu commandery was made Wu province, with Prince Dachun of Anlu as inspector. On gengwu the heir of Nankang Prince Huili, Minister of Works, also became Director of the Masters of Writing; Prince Dalin of Nanhai became Yangzhou inspector; Prince Dazhuang of Xinxing became South Xuzhou inspector. That month Jiujiang suffered great famine; one in fourteen or fifteen people ate human flesh.
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八月癸卯，征東大將軍、開府儀同三司、南徐州刺史蕭淵藻薨。
On guimao in the eighth month Grand General Who Conquers the East Xiao Yuanzao, Bearer of the Full Staff, and South Xuzhou inspector, died.
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冬十月丁未，地震。
On dingwei in the tenth month of winter there was an earthquake.
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十二月，百濟國遣使獻方物。
In the twelfth month Baekje sent envoys with tribute.
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大寶元年春正月辛亥朔，以國哀不朝會。 詔曰：「蓋天下者，至公之神器，在昔三五，不獲已而臨蒞之。 故帝王之功，聖人之餘事。 軒冕之華，儻來之一物。 太祖文皇帝含光大之量，啓西伯之基。 高祖武皇帝道洽二儀，智周萬物。 屬齊季薦瘥，彝倫剝喪，同氣離入苑之禍，元首懷無厭之欲，乃當樂推之運，因億兆之心，承彼掎角，雪茲讎恥。 事非為己，義寔從民。 故功成弗居，卑宮菲食，大慈之業普薰，汾陽之詔屢下。 于茲四紀，無得而稱。 朕以寡昧，哀煢孔棘，生靈已盡，志不圖全，僶俛視陰，企承鴻緒。 懸旌履薄，未足云喻。 痛甚愈遲，諒闇彌切。 方當玄默在躬，栖心事外。 卽王道未直，天步猶艱，式憑宰輔，以弘庶政。 履端建號，仰惟舊章。 可大赦天下，改太清四年為大寶元年。」 丁巳，天雨黃沙。 己未，太白經天，辛酉乃止。 西魏寇安陸，執司州刺史柳仲禮，盡沒漢東之地。 丙寅，月晝見。 癸酉，前江都令祖皓起義，襲廣陵，斬賊南兗州刺史董紹先。 侯景自帥水步軍擊皓。
On xinhai, the new-year's day of Dabao 1, national mourning prevented the court assembly. An edict said, "All under Heaven is the sacred vessel of utmost fairness; in antiquity the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors took the throne only when they could not refuse. Thus the work of emperors and kings is what sages leave as surplus. Chariot and cap are adornments that come by chance alone. Grand Ancestor the Literary Emperor held vast hidden brilliance and laid the foundation of the Western Earl. Gaozu the Martial Emperor made the Way fill the two principles and his wisdom encompass the myriad things. When Qi neared its end pestilence returned and moral order collapsed, kin suffered the calamity of the park, and the ruler nursed insatiable desires—then came the fortune of willing elevation, the hearts of the hundred millions were followed, their allied strength was taken up, and this shame was avenged. The deed was not for oneself; in righteousness one truly followed the people. Therefore when the work was done he did not keep it, dwelt in low halls and ate plain food, great compassion spread widely, and edicts like those of Fenyang were issued again and again. For four reign cycles there has been no fully fitting praise. I, slight and dull, am in deepest grief and distress; the living are exhausted and my will does not aim at wholeness; bowing low I await shade and hope to inherit the great succession. Banners hang over thin ice—words can scarcely tell it. Pain deepens as recovery is slow; mourning seclusion grows keener still. I should keep dark silence within and lodge my mind outside affairs. Yet the kingly Way is not yet straight and the heavenly steps still hard; I must rely on chief ministers to broaden the myriad affairs of state. At the year's beginning I establish the era name, looking up to the old statutes. A general amnesty is proclaimed and Taiqing 4 is changed to Dabao 1. On dingsi yellow sand fell from the sky. On jiwei Venus crossed the heavens; on xinyou it stopped. Western Wei raided Anlu, seized Sizhou inspector Liu Zhongli, and took all the lands east of the Han. On bingyin the moon was visible by day. On guiyou former Jiangdu magistrate Zu Hao rose, attacked Guangling, and beheaded the rebel South Yanzhou inspector Dong Shaoxian. Hou Jing personally led land and river forces against Hao.
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二月癸未，景攻陷廣陵，皓等並見害。 丙戌，以安陸王大春為東揚州刺史。 省吳州，如先為郡。 詔曰：「近東垂擾亂，江陽縱逸。 上宰運謀，猛士雄奮，吳、會肅清，濟、兗澄謐，京師畿內，無事戎衣。 朝廷達宮，齋內左右，並可解嚴。」 乙巳，以尚書僕射王克為左僕射。 是月，邵陵王綸自尋陽至于夏口，郢州刺史南平王恪以州讓綸。 丙午，侯景逼太宗幸西州。
On guiwei in the second month Hou Jing took Guangling; Hao and the others were all killed. On bingxu Prince Dachun of Anlu was made East Yangzhou inspector. Wu province was abolished and Wu was again a commandery as before. An edict said, "Recently the eastern marches were disturbed and Jiangyang ran wild. Chief ministers deployed strategy and bold warriors fought fiercely; Wu and Kuaiji were cleared, Ji and Yan were calm, and within the capital precincts there was no need for armor. Court palaces of rank and the attendants left and right within the fasting quarters may all stand down from alert. On yisi Wang Ke, Vice Director of the Masters of Writing, became Left Vice Director. That month Prince Lun of Shaoling came from Xunyang to Xiakou; Jingzhou inspector Prince Ke of Nanping yielded the province to him. On bingwu Hou Jing forced Taizong to go to Xizhou.
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夏五月庚午，征北將軍、開府儀同三司鄱陽嗣王範薨。 自春迄夏，大饑，人相食，京師尤甚。
On gengwu in the fifth month of summer General Who Conquers the North and heir of Poyang Prince Fan, Bearer of the Full Staff, died. From spring through summer famine was severe; people ate one another, especially in the capital.
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六月辛巳，以南郡王大連行揚州事。 庚子，前司州刺史羊鴉仁自尚書省出奔西州。
On xinsi in the sixth month Prince Dalian of Nan commandery was put in charge of Yangzhou affairs. On gengzi former Sizhou inspector Yang Yaren fled from the Masters of Writing to Xizhou.
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秋七月戊辰，賊行臺任約寇江州，刺史尋陽王大心以州降約。 是月，以南郡王大連為江州刺史。
On wuchen in the seventh month of autumn the rebel Mobile Headquarters Ren Yue raided Jiangzhou; inspector Prince Daxin of Xunyang surrendered the province to him. That month Prince Dalian of Nan commandery was made Jiangzhou inspector.
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八月甲午，湘東王繹遣領軍將軍王僧辯率衆逼郢州。 乙亥，侯景自進位相國，封二十郡為漢王。 邵陵王綸棄郢州走。
On jiawu in the eighth month Prince Yi of Xiangdong sent Army Inspector General Wang Senbian with troops to press Yingzhou. On yihai Hou Jing made himself Chancellor of State and enfeoffed twenty commanderies as King of Han. Prince Lun of Shaoling abandoned Yingzhou and fled.
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冬十月乙未，侯景又逼太宗幸西州曲宴，自加宇宙大將軍、都督六合諸軍事。 立皇子大鈞為西陽郡王，大威為武寧郡王，大球為建安郡王，大昕為義安郡王，大摯為綏建郡王，大圜為樂梁郡王。 壬寅，景害南康嗣王會理。
On yiwei in the tenth month of winter Hou Jing again forced Taizong to a banquet at Xizhou and made himself Grand General of the Cosmos and commander of the Six Harmonized Directions. The princes Dagun, Dawei, Daqiu, Daxin, Dazhi, and Dayuan were enfeoffed as princes of Xiyang, Wuning, Jian'an, Yi'an, Suijian, and Yuele commanderies. On renyin Hou Jing killed the heir of Nankang Prince Huili.
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十一月，任約進據西陽，分兵寇齊昌，執衡陽王獻送京師，害之。 湘東王繹遣前寧州刺史徐文盛督衆軍拒約。 南郡王前中兵張彪起義於會稽若邪山，攻破浙東諸縣。
In the eleventh month Ren Yue advanced and held Xiyang, detached troops to raid Qichang, seized Prince Xian of Hengyang and sent him to the capital, then killed him. Prince Yi of Xiangdong sent former Ningzhou inspector Xu Wensheng to command the armies against Yue. Zhang Biao, former central army officer of the Prince of Nan commandery, rose on Ruoye Mountain in Kuaiji and overran the counties of eastern Zhejiang.
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二年春二月，邵陵王綸走至安陸董城，為西魏所攻，軍敗，死。
In the second month of spring, year 2, Prince Lun of Shaoling fled to Dongcheng in Anlu, was attacked by Western Wei, was defeated, and died.
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三月，侯景自帥衆西寇。 丁未，發京師，自石頭至新林，舳艫相接。
In the third month Hou Jing personally led his army west on campaign. On dingwei day he marched from the capital; from Shitou to Xinlin, boats stretched bow to stern without a break.
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四月，至西陽。 乙亥，景分遣偽將宋子仙、任約襲郢州。 丙子，執刺史蕭方諸。
In the fourth month he reached Xiyang. On yihai day Hou Jing detached the rebel generals Song Zixian and Ren Yue to strike Yingzhou. On bingzi day they seized inspector Xiao Fangzhu.
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閏月甲子，景進寇巴陵，湘東王繹所遣領軍將軍王僧辯連戰不能剋。
On jiazi in the intercalary month Hou Jing pressed on Baling; Wang Senbian, the commanding general Prince Yi of Xiangdong had sent, fought again and again but could not win.
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五月癸未，湘東王驛遣遊擊將軍胡僧祐、信州刺史陸法和援巴陵，景遣任約帥衆拒援軍。
On guwei in the fifth month Prince Yi of Xiangdong urgently sent mobile corps general Hu Sengyou and Xin province inspector Lu Fahe to relieve Baling; Hou Jing sent Ren Yue with an army to block them.
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六月甲辰，僧祐等擊破任約，擒之。 乙巳，景解圍宵遁，王僧辯督衆軍追景。 庚申，攻魯山城，剋之，獲魏司徒張化仁、儀同門洪慶。 辛酉，進圍郢州，下之，獲賊帥宋子仙等。 鄱陽王故將侯瑱起兵，襲偽儀同于慶于豫章，慶敗走。
On jiachen in the sixth month Sengyou and his forces routed Ren Yue and took him prisoner. On yisi day Hou Jing broke the siege and fled under cover of night; Wang Senbian led the combined armies in pursuit. On gengshen day they stormed Lushan fortress, took it, and captured Wei minister of education Zhang Huaren and formation companion Men Hongqing. On xinyou day they pressed the siege of Yingzhou, took the city, and captured the rebel chiefs Song Zixian and others. Hou Zhen, a former officer of the Prince of Poyang, raised troops and struck the rebel formation companion Yu Qing at Yuzhang; Qing was beaten and fled.
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秋七月丁亥，侯景還至京師。 辛丑，王僧辯軍次湓城，賊行江州事范希榮棄城走。
On dinghai day in the seventh month of autumn Hou Jing returned to the capital. On xinchou day Wang Senbian's army camped at Pencheng; Fan Xirong, the rebel officer in charge of Jiangzhou, abandoned the city and fled.
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八月丙午，晉熙人王僧振、鄭寵起兵襲郡城，偽晉州刺史夏侯威生、儀同任延遁走。 戊午，侯景遣衛尉卿彭俊、廂公王僧貴率兵入殿，廢太宗為晉安王，幽于永福省。 害皇太子大器、尋陽王大心、西陽王大鈞、武寧王大威、建平王大球、義安王大昕及尋陽王諸子二十人。 矯為太宗詔，禪于豫章嗣王棟，大赦改年。 遣使害南海王大臨于吳郡，南郡王大連于姑孰，安陸王大春於會稽，新興王大莊於京口。
On bingwu in the eighth month Wang Sengzhen and Zheng Chong of Jinxi rose and stormed the commandery seat; the rebel Jinzhou inspector Xiahou Weisheng and formation companion Ren Yan fled. On wuwu day Hou Jing sent minister of the guard Peng Jun and palace section commander Wang Senggui with troops into the hall, deposed Taizong as Prince of Jin'an, and imprisoned him in Yongfu Palace. He killed Crown Prince Daqi, the princes of Xunyang, Xiyang, Wuning, Jianping, and Yi'an, and twenty sons of the Prince of Xunyang. He forged an abdication edict in Taizong's name to the successor prince of Yuzhang, Dong, proclaimed a general amnesty, and changed the reign title. Envoys were sent to kill Prince Dailin of Nanhai at Wu, Prince Dalian of Nanjun at Gudu, Prince Dachun of Anlu at Kuaiji, and Prince Dazhuang of Xinxing at Jingkou.
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冬十月壬寅，帝謂舍人殷不害曰：「吾昨夜夢吞土，卿試為我思之。」 不害曰：「昔重耳饋塊，卒還晉國。 陛下所夢，得符是乎。」 及王偉等進觴於帝曰：「丞相以陛下憂憤旣久，使臣上壽。」 帝笑曰：「壽酒，不得盡此乎？」 於是並賚酒肴、曲項琵琶，與帝飲。 帝知不免，乃盡酣，曰：「不圖為樂一至於斯！」 旣醉寢，王偉、彭儁進土囊，王修纂坐其上，於是太宗崩於永福省，時年四十九。 賊偽諡曰明皇帝，廟稱高宗。 明年，三月己丑，王僧辯率前百官奉梓宮升朝堂，世祖追崇為簡文皇帝，廟曰太宗。 四月乙丑，葬莊陵。
On renyin in the tenth month of winter the emperor said to attendant Yin Buhai, "Last night I dreamed I swallowed earth—please interpret it for me." Buhai said, "Long ago Chong'er was given a clod of earth and at last returned to Jin. Surely Your Majesty's dream matches that sign?" Then Wang Wei and the others came forward with a toast and said, "The chancellor, seeing Your Majesty's long grief, has sent us to offer longevity wine." The emperor smiled and said, "Longevity wine—must it not be drunk to the dregs?" They then gave wine and food, a curved-neck pipa, and drank with him. Knowing he could not escape, the emperor drank his fill and said, "I never thought merriment could come to this!" When he was drunk and asleep, Wang Wei and Peng Jun brought in a bag of earth; Wang Xiuzuan sat on it—and Taizong died in Yongfu Palace at the age of forty-nine. The rebels gave him the posthumous title Bright Emperor and the temple name Gaozong. The next year, on jichou in the third month, Wang Senbian led the former hundred officials to raise the coffin to the audience hall; Shizu posthumously honored him as Emperor Jianwen with temple name Taizong. On yichou in the fourth month he was buried at Zhuang Mausoleum.
27
初，太宗見幽縶，題壁自序云：「有梁正士蘭陵蕭世纘，立身行道，終始如一，風雨如晦，雞鳴不已。 弗欺暗室，豈況三光，數至於此，命也如何！」 又為《連珠》二首，文甚悽愴。
At first, when Taizong was held captive, he wrote on the wall: "I, Xiao Shizuan of Lanling, upright man of Liang, one in conduct from start to finish—though wind and rain darken the sky, the cock crows without cease. I would not deceive a dark room—how much less the sun, moon, and stars; to come to this count is fate—what can be done!" He also wrote two "Linked Pearls" pieces, their tone deeply mournful.
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太宗幼而敏睿，識悟過人，六歲便屬文，高祖驚其早就，弗之信也。 乃於御前面試，辭采甚美。 高祖歎曰：「此子，吾家之東阿。」 旣長，器宇寬弘，未嘗見慍喜。 方頰豊下，須鬢如畫，眄睞則目光燭人。 讀書十行俱下。 九流百氏，經目必記； 篇章辭賦，操筆立成。 博綜儒書，善言玄理。 自年十一，便能親庶務，歷試蕃政，所在有稱。 在穆貴嬪憂，哀毀骨立，晝夜號泣不絕聲，所坐之席，沾濕盡爛。 在襄陽拜表北伐，遣長史柳津、司馬董當門，壯武將軍杜懷寶、振遠將軍曹義宗等衆軍進討，剋平南陽、新野等郡，魏南荊州刺史李志據安昌城降，拓地千餘里。 及居監撫，多所弘宥，文案簿領，纖毫不可欺。 引納文學之士，賞接無倦，恒討論篇籍，繼以文章。 高祖所制《五經講疏》，嘗於玄圃奉述，聽者傾朝野。 雅好題詩，其序云：「余七歲有詩癖，長而不倦。」 然傷於輕豔，當時號曰「宮體」。 所著《昭明太子傳》五卷，《諸王傳》三十卷，《禮大義》二十卷，《老子義》二十卷，《莊子義》二十卷，《長春義記》一百卷，《法寶連璧》三百卷，並行於世焉。
Taizong from childhood was quick and perceptive, his insight beyond others; at six he could write, and Gaozu marveled at his early gift but did not believe it. He was tested before the throne, and his literary grace was superb. Gaozu sighed and said, "This boy is our family's Dong'e." When he grew up, his bearing was broad and calm; anger and delight never showed on his face. Square of cheek and full below, beard and temples like painted lines; a sidelong glance lit upon men like fire. In reading he took in ten lines at a glance. Of the nine schools and hundred thinkers, whatever passed his eye he remembered; in essays, rhapsodies, and verse he took up the brush and finished on the spot. He mastered Confucian classics and was skilled in Neo-Daoist discourse. From age eleven he could handle routine affairs himself; repeatedly tried in frontier posts, wherever he went he won praise. Mourning Noble Consort Mu, grief wasted him to bone; day and night he wept without pause, and the mat he sat on rotted from wetting. At Xiangyang he memorialized for a northern campaign and sent chief clerk Liu Jin, marshal Dong Dangmen, martial valor general Du Huaibao, far-shaking general Cao Yizong, and others with the armies; they took Nanyang, Xinye, and other commanderies, Wei's south Jingzhou inspector Li Zhi surrendered Anchang fortress, and territory expanded more than a thousand li. As regent he was broadly lenient in many matters, yet in documents and ledgers not the finest thread could be falsified. He welcomed literary men and rewarded them tirelessly, constantly discussing texts and then writing himself. When Gaozu composed his Expositions on the Five Classics, Taizong once lectured on them at the Dark Garden; listeners filled court and countryside. He loved poetry by nature; in his preface he wrote, "At seven I had a poetry mania, and as I grew I never tired of it." Yet he was faulted for frivolous ornament, and his age called it the "Palace Style." His works included Biography of the Heir Apparent Zhaoming in five scrolls, Biographies of the Princes in thirty scrolls, Great Meaning of the Rites in twenty scrolls, Meaning of the Laozi in twenty scrolls, Meaning of the Zhuangzi in twenty scrolls, Recorded Meaning of Eternal Spring in one hundred scrolls, and Treasured Laws Linked Pearls in three hundred scrolls—all circulated in his day.
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史臣曰：太宗幼年聰睿，令問夙標，天才縱逸，冠於今古。 文則時以輕華為累，君子所不取焉。 及養德東朝，聲被夷夏，洎乎繼統，寔有人君之懿矣。 方符文、景，運鐘《屯》、《剝》，受制賊臣，弗展所蘊，終罹懷、愍之酷，哀哉！ [1]
The historian writes: In youth Taizong was clever and perceptive, his fair renown marked from of old, his heavenly talent unrestrained, foremost in past and present. In literature he was at times burdened by frivolous ornament—what gentlemen do not take up. When he cultivated virtue in the Eastern Palace, his fame reached barbarians and Chinese alike; when he succeeded to the throne, he truly had a ruler's excellence. Just as he was to match Wen and Jing, fate struck the hexagrams Tun and Bo; constrained by the rebel minister, he could not unfold what he held within, and at last suffered the cruelty of Huai and Min—alas! Editorial footnote marker in the source text.
30
全文以中華書局、一九七三年五月版《梁書》爲本校。
The full text was collated against the Zhonghua Shuju edition of the Book of Liang (May 1973).