1
梁書卷第十列傳第四
Book of Liang, Volume Ten, Biographies, Fourth
2
蕭穎達夏侯詳蔡道恭楊公則鄧元起
Xiao Yingda; Xiahou Xiang; Cai Daogong; Yang Gongze; Deng Yuanqi
3
蕭穎達，蘭陵蘭陵人，齊光祿大夫赤斧第五子也。 少好勇使氣，起家冠軍。 兄穎胄，齊建武末行荊州事，穎達亦爲西中郎外兵參軍，俱在西府。 齊季多難，頗不自安。 會東昏遣輔國將軍劉山陽爲巴西太守，道過荊州，密敕穎胄襲雍州。 時高祖已爲備矣。 仍遣穎胄親人王天虎以書疑之。 山陽至，果不敢入城。 穎胄計無所出，夜遣錢塘人朱景思呼西中郎城局參軍席闡文、諮議參軍柳忱閉齋定議。 闡文曰：「蕭雍州蓄養士馬，非復一日，江陵素畏襄陽人，人衆又不敵，取之必不可制，制之，歲寒復不爲朝廷所容。 今若殺山陽，與雍州舉事，立天子以令諸侯，則霸業成矣。 山陽持疑不進，是不信我。 今斬送天虎，則彼疑可釋。 至而圖之，罔不濟矣。」 忱亦勸焉。 穎達曰：「善。」 及天明，穎胄謂天虎曰：「卿與劉輔國相識，今不得不借卿頭。」 乃斬天虎以示山陽。 山陽大喜，輕將步騎數百到州。 闡文勒兵待於門，山陽車踰限而門闔，因執斬之，傳首高祖。 且以奉南康王之議來告，高祖許焉。
Xiao Yingda came from Lanling in Lanling commandery, the fifth son of Qi Grandee of the Imperial Secretariat Chi Fu. As a youth he loved daring and thrived on bravado; he began his career as Champion General. His elder brother Yingzhou, in late Qi's Jianwu era, ran Jing province; Yingda too was aide to the Western Zhonglang General's minister of war, both in the western command. In Qi's closing troubles they felt deeply uneasy. Emperor Donghun then sent Supporting-the-State General Liu Shanyang to Brazil as administrator; on the road through Jingzhou he secretly ordered Yingzhou to strike Yong province. By then Gaozu had already prepared. So he sent Yingzhou's kinsman Wang Tianhu with a letter meant to unsettle him. When Shanyang arrived, he in fact dared not enter the city. At a loss, Yingzhou by night sent Zhu Jingsi of Qiantang to call Xi Wenkai, the headquarters adjutant of the Western Zhonglang General, and advisory officer Liu Chen to shut the study and settle on a course. Xi Wenkai said: "The Yongzhou lord has been gathering troops and horses for ages; Jiangling has always feared Xiangyang men, and their numbers cannot match—seize them and you cannot hold them; hold them, and when winter comes the court will not abide it again. Kill Shanyang now, rise with Yongzhou, set up the Son of Heaven to command the lords, and hegemony is won. Shanyang hesitates and will not advance—that means he does not trust us. Cut off Tianhu's head and send it now, and his doubts can be cleared. When he comes, strike—nothing will fail." Chen urged the same. Yingda said: "Good." At daybreak Yingzhou told Tianhu: "You know the Supporting-the-State Liu; today I must borrow your head." He beheaded Tianhu and showed the head to Shanyang. Shanyang rejoiced; with only a few hundred foot and horse he came to the provincial seat. Wenkai had troops wait at the gate; Shanyang's carriage passed the gate-bar and the gates shut; they seized and killed him and sent his head to Gaozu. They also reported the plan to enthrone the Prince of Nankang; Gaozu agreed.
4
和帝卽位，以穎胄爲假節、侍中、尚書令、領吏部尚書、都督行留諸軍事、鎮軍將軍、荊州刺史，留衛西朝。 以穎達爲冠軍將軍。 及楊公則等率師隨高祖，高祖圍郢城，穎達會軍於漢口，與王茂、曹景宗等攻郢城，陷之。 隨高祖平江州。 高祖進江州，使與曹景宗先率馬步進趨江寧，破東昏將李居士，又下東城。
When Emperor He ascended, Yingzhou became Acting-with-credentials, Palace Attendant, Director of the Imperial Secretariat, Director for Official Affairs, superintendent of armies staying and going, General Who Tranquilizes the Army, and governor of Jingzhou, left to guard the western court. Yingda was made Champion General. When Yang Gongze and others marched with Gaozu, Gaozu besieged Ying; Yingda met the host at Hankou and with Wang Mao and Cao Jingzong attacked Ying and captured it. He followed Gaozu in pacifying Jiang province. Gaozu entered Jiang province and sent him with Cao Jingzong ahead with cavalry and infantry toward Jiangning; they broke Emperor Donghun's general Li Jushi and took the eastern city.
5
初，義師之起也，巴東太守蕭惠訓子璝、巴西太守魯休烈弗從，舉兵侵荊州，敗輔國將軍任漾之於硤口，破大將軍劉孝慶於上明，穎胄遣軍拒之； 而高祖已平江、郢，圖建康。 穎胄自以職居上將，不能拒制璝等，憂愧不樂，發疾數日而卒。 州中秘之，使似其書者假爲教命。 及璝等聞建康將平，衆懼而潰，乃始發喪，和帝贈穎胄丞相。
When the righteous army first rose, Xiao Gui, son of Baodong administrator Xiao Huixun, and Brazil administrator Lu Xiulie refused obedience; they invaded Jing province, defeated Supporting-the-State General Ren Yangzhi at Xiakou and Grand General Liu Xiaoqing at Shangming, and Yingzhou sent armies against them; but Gaozu had already taken Jiang and Ying and turned toward Jiankang. Yingzhou, as supreme commander, could not contain Gui and the others; sick with shame and grief, he died after several days' illness. The province concealed it and had a man with a similar hand write orders in his name. When Gui and the others heard Jiankang was about to fall, their forces broke in fear; only then was mourning declared, and Emperor He posthumously made Yingzhou chancellor.
6
義師初，穎達弟穎孚自京師出亡，廬陵人循景智潛引與南歸，至廬陵，景智及宗人靈祐爲起兵，得數百人，屯西昌藥山湖。 穎達聞之，假穎孚節、督廬陵豫章臨川南康安成五郡軍事、冠軍將軍、廬陵內史。 穎孚率靈祐等進據西昌，東昏遣安西太守劉希祖自南江入湖拒之。 穎孚不能自立，以其兵由建安復奔長沙，希祖追之，穎孚緣山踰嶂，僅而獲免。 在道絕糧，後因食過飽而卒。
Early in the righteous rising Yingda's brother Yingfu escaped the capital; Xun Jingzhi of Luling secretly led him south; at Luling, Jingzhi and kinsman Ling You raised troops—several hundred men at Yaoshan Lake in Xichang. Yingda heard and gave Yingfu acting credentials as superintendent of Luling, Yuzhang, Linchuan, Nankang, and Ancheng, Champion General, and interior administrator of Luling. Yingfu advanced with Ling You to hold Xichang; Emperor Donghun sent Pacified West administrator Liu Xizu from the southern river into the lake against him. Yingfu could not stand; he led his men through Jian'an toward Changsha while Xizu pursued; Yingfu crossed mountains and ridges and barely survived. On the road they starved; later he died from eating too much at once.
7
建康城平，高祖以穎達爲前將軍、丹陽尹。 上受禪，詔曰：「念功惟德，列代所同，追遠懷人，彌與事篤。 齊故侍中、丞相、尚書令穎胄，風格峻遠，器㝢深邵，清猷盛業，問望斯歸。 締構義始，肇基王迹，契闊屯夷，載形心事。 朕膺天改物，光宅區宇，望岱觀河，永言號慟。 可封巴東郡開國公，食邑三千戶，本官如故。」 贈穎孚右衛將軍。 加穎達散騎常侍，以公事免。 及大論功賞，封穎達吳昌縣侯，邑千五百戶。 尋爲侍中，改封作唐侯，縣邑如故。
When Jiankang fell, Gaozu made Yingda Front Army General and governor of Danyang. When the emperor took the throne, an edict said: "To honor merit is to esteem virtue, the same in every age; to reach back and cherish the dead binds one all the more to the task. Former Qi palace attendant, chancellor, and Director of the Imperial Secretariat Yingzhou—bearing lofty and distant, capacity deep and broad, pure designs and great deeds, fame and expectation alike upon him. He joined the righteous start, laid the royal foundation, shared hardship through turmoil and peace, and bore his heart on the record. We have received Heaven, changed the realm, and settled the four quarters; gazing at Mount Tai and viewing the River, we lament without end. Let him be enfeoffed Duke of Baxi commandery with a fief of three thousand households, his former rank unchanged." Yingfu was posthumously made Right Guard General. Yingda was added as Secular Attendant; he was removed for official business. At the great merit review Yingda was enfeoffed Marquis of Wuchang county with a fief of fifteen hundred households. Soon he was palace attendant, re-enfeoffed as Marquis of Zuotang with the same fief.
8
遷征虜將軍、太子左衛率。 御史中丞任昉奏曰：
He was promoted to General Who Punishes the Barbarians and Left Guard of the Heir Apparent. Censor-in-Chief Ren Fang submitted a memorial, saying:
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臣聞貧觀所取，窮視不爲。 在於布衣，窮居介然之行，尚可以激貪厲俗，惇此薄夫； 況乎伐冰之家，爭雞豚之利； 衣繡之士，受賈人之服。 風聞征虜將軍臣蕭穎達啓乞魚軍稅，輒攝穎達宅督彭難當到臺辨問。 列稱『尋生魚典稅，先本是鄧僧琰啓乞，限訖今年五月十四日。 主人穎達，于時謂非新立，仍啓乞接代僧琰，卽蒙降許登稅，與史法論一年收直五十萬。』 如其列狀，則與風聞符同，穎達卽主。
Your servant has heard that poverty shows what one will take; extremity shows what one will not do. Among commoners, conduct steadfast in a poor house can still stir greed and sharpen custom and give heart to petty men; how much more in houses that break ice, contending for pig-and-chicken profit; men in embroidered robes taking a merchant's gift. We hear that General Who Punishes the Barbarians, your servant Yingda, petitioned for fish-office tax; I summoned Yingda's household supervisor Peng Nandang to the bureau for inquiry. He reported: 'The live-fish office tax was first petitioned by Deng Sengyan, its term ending this year on the fourteenth day of the fifth month. Master Yingda, holding it no new levy, still petitioned to succeed Sengyan and at once received permission to register the tax; by clerk-law one year's take was five hundred thousand.' As set forth, it matches what was heard; Yingda is the principal. Your servant respectfully finds: General Who Punishes the Barbarians, Left Guard of the Heir Apparent, Marquis of Zuotang, your servant Yingda—holds a minister's place, privy to enforcement of law, yet private suits crowd in while public duty stands empty.
10
臣謹案：征虜將軍、太子左衛率、作唐縣開國侯臣穎達，備位大臣，預聞執憲，私謁亟陳，至公寂寞。 屠中之志，異乎鮑肆之求； 魚飧之資，不俟潛有之數。 遂復申茲文二，追彼十一，風體若茲，準繩斯在！ 陛下弘惜勳良，每爲曲法； 臣當官執憲，敢不直繩。 臣等參議，請以見事免穎達所居官，以侯還第。
Ambition in the butcher's stall, not like seeking in Bao's market; fish-ration revenue, not waiting on hidden tallies. Yet again he filed this text twice, chasing that eleven—if the manner is such, the cord is here! Your Majesty, in mercy for the meritorious, often bends the law; your servant, holding office and enforcing law, dares not fail to draw the line straight. We jointly recommend: by the facts before us, remove Yingda from his posts and send the marquis home. An edict pardoned him.
11
有詔原之。 轉散騎常侍、左衛將軍。 俄復爲侍中，衛尉卿。 出爲信威將軍、豫章內史，加秩中二千石。 治任威猛，郡人畏之。 遷使持節、都督江州諸軍事、江州刺史，將軍如故。 頃之，徵爲通直散騎常侍、右驍騎將軍。 旣處優閑，尤恣聲色，飲酒過度，頗以此傷生。
He was made Secular Attendant and Left Guard General. Soon he was again palace attendant and Commandant of the Court for the Imperial Clan. He went out as Trustworthy-and-Awesome General and interior administrator of Yuzhang, with added salary at two thousand shi. He governed with fierce severity; the people of the commandery feared him. He was promoted Bearer of the Staff, superintendent of Jiang province military affairs, and governor of Jiang province, with his generalship unchanged. Before long he was summoned as Regular Attendant at the Court and Right Valiant Cavalry General. Soon he was summoned as gentleman cavalier attendant on unassigned service and right brave cavalry general. Once at ease in high rank, he gave himself especially to music and women, drank beyond measure, and by this injured his health.
12
九年，遷信威將軍、右衛將軍。 是歲卒，年三十四。 車駕臨哭，給東園秘器，朝服一具，衣一襲，錢二十萬，布二百匹。 追贈侍中、中衛將軍，鼓吹一部。 諡曰康。 子敏嗣。
In the ninth year he was made Trustworthy-and-Awesome General and Right Guard General. That year he died, aged thirty-four. The emperor came in person to mourn; he was given Eastern Garden funeral goods, one set of court robes, one suit of clothes, two hundred thousand cash, and two hundred bolts of cloth. He was posthumously made palace attendant and Central Guard General, with one set of martial music. Posthumous title: Kang. His son Min inherited.
13
穎胄子靡，襲巴東公，位至中書郎，早卒。
Yingzhou's son Mi inherited the Duke of Baxi, rose to Attendant of the Central Court, and died young.
14
夏侯詳，字叔業，譙郡人也。 年十六，遭父艱，居喪哀毀。 三年廬于墓，嘗有雀三足，飛來集其廬戶，衆咸異焉。 服闋，刺史殷琰召補主簿。
Xia Hou Xiang, styled Shuye, came from Qiao commandery. At sixteen he lost his father; in mourning he was broken with grief. For three years he lived at the tomb; once a three-legged sparrow flew to his hut door—all thought it strange. When mourning ended, Governor Yin Yan called him to serve as chief clerk.
15
宋泰始初，琰舉豫州叛，宋明帝遣輔國將軍劉勔討之，攻守連月，人情危懼，將請救於魏。 詳說琰曰：「今日之舉，本效忠節； 若社稷有奉，便歸身朝廷，何可屈身北面異域。 且今魏氏之卒，近在淮次，一軍未測去就，懼有異圖。 今若遣使歸款，必厚相慰納，豈止免罪而已。 若謂不然，請充一介。」 琰許之。 詳見勔曰：「將軍嚴圍峭壘，矢刃如霜，城內愚徒，實同困獸，士庶懼誅，咸欲投魏。 僕所以逾城歸德，敢布腹心。 願將軍弘曠蕩之恩，垂霈然之惠，解圍退舍，則皆相率而至矣。」 勔許之。 詳曰：「審爾，當如君言，而詳請反命。」 勔遣到城下，詳呼城中人，語以勔辭，卽日琰及衆俱出，一州以全。
Early in Song's Taishi, Yan rebelled in Yuzhou; Emperor Ming sent Supporting-the-State General Liu Le to suppress him; siege and defense dragged on for months, hearts were afraid, and they would seek help from Wei. Xiang said to Yan: "This rising was meant from the first to prove loyal duty; if the altars have a master, let us return to the court—how bow north to an alien realm? Moreover Wei's troops are now on the Huai; one army has not yet shown its intent, and we fear treachery. If we send envoys to submit now, they will surely receive us generously—not only pardon. If you doubt it, your servant begs to go as envoy. Yan agreed. Xiang saw Le and said: "General, your tight siege and steep walls, arrows and blades like frost—the fools in the city are trapped beasts; gentry and commoners fear death and all wish to turn to Wei. Your servant crossed the wall to yield—this is my inmost heart laid bare. I beg the General to grant vast mercy and generous favor, lift the siege and withdraw--then all will come out together." Le agreed. Xiang said: "If it is truly so, it shall be as you say; but your servant begs leave to report back. " Le sent him to the foot of the wall; Xiang called to those within and told them Le's words; that same day Yan and all the host came out, and the whole province was saved.
16
勔爲刺史，又補主簿。 頃之，爲新汲令，治有異績，刺史段佛榮班下境內，爲屬城表。 轉治中從事史，仍遷別駕。 歷事八將，州部稱之。
Le became governor and again made him chief clerk. Before long he was magistrate of Xingji, with outstanding administration; Governor Duan Furong circulated his record within the jurisdiction as a model for subordinate prefectures. He was transferred to Senior Recorder, then promoted Vice Director. He served eight commanders in turn, and the province spoke well of him.
17
齊明帝爲刺史，雅相器遇。 及輔政，招令出都，將大用之。 每引詳及鄉人裴叔業日夜與語，詳輒末略不酬。 帝以問叔業，叔業告詳。 詳曰：「不爲福始，不爲禍先。」 由此微有忤。 出爲征虜長史、義陽太守。 頃之、建安戍爲魏所圍，仍以詳爲建安戍主，帶邊城、新蔡二郡太守，幷督光城、弋陽、汝陰三郡衆赴之。 詳至建安，魏軍引退。 先是，魏又於淮上置荊亭戍，常爲寇掠，累攻不能禦，詳率銳卒攻之，賊衆大潰，皆棄城奔走。
When Qi Mingdi held the inspectorship, he singled Xiang out for favor. Once he took the regency, he called Xiang to the capital for a major appointment. Nightly he drew Xiang and Pei Shuye into conversation; Xiang would murmur and not truly reply. The emperor questioned Shuye, and Shuye repeated Xiang's words. Xiang said, "Do not be first to court fortune, nor first to invite ruin." From that moment he fell slightly out of favor. He was posted as chief clerk on the campaign-against-barbarians staff and administrator of Yiyang. Soon the Jian'an garrison was surrounded by Wei; Xiang was again made its commandant, with Biancheng and Xincai, and led troops from Guangcheng, Yiyang, and Ruyin to relieve it. Xiang reached Jian'an and the Wei forces pulled back. Wei had built Jingting garrison on the Huai as a raiding base; repeated strikes failed to break it until Xiang led elite troops, routed the enemy, and drove them from the walls.
18
建武末，征爲遊擊將軍，出爲南中郎司馬、南新蔡太守。 齊南康王爲荊州，遷西中郎司馬、新興太守，便道先到江陽。 時始安王遙光稱兵京邑，南康王長史蕭穎胄並未至，中兵參軍劉山陽先在州，山陽副潘紹欲謀作亂，詳偽呼紹議事，卽於城門斬之，州府乃安。 遷司州刺史，辭不之職。
Late in Jianwu he was recalled as general of mobile columns and sent out as southern palace major and administrator of Southern Xincai. When the Prince of Nankang took Jingzhou, Xiang became western palace major and administrator of Xinxing and, by a direct route, reached Jiangyang ahead of the rest. The Prince of Shi'an Yao Guang had risen in the capital; Yinggou had not yet reached the province; Liu Shanyang was already there, and his deputy Pan Shao meant to rebel; Xiang lured Shao to the gate on pretense of counsel and cut off his head, and the province was secured. He was offered Sizhou but refused the appointment.
19
高祖義兵起，詳與穎胄同創大舉。 西臺建，以詳爲中領軍，加散騎常侍、南郡太守。 凡軍國大事，穎胄多決於詳。 及高祖圍郢城未下，穎胄遣衛尉席闡文如高祖軍。 詳獻議曰：「窮壁易守，攻取勢難； 頓甲堅城，兵家所忌。 誠宜大弘經略，詢納羣言。 軍主以下至於匹夫，皆令獻其所見，盡其所懷，擇善而從，選能而用，不以人廢言，不以多罔寡。 又須量我衆力，度賊樵糧，窺彼人情，權其形勢。 若使賊人衆而食少，故宜計日而守之； 食多而力寡，故宜悉衆而攻之。 若使糧力俱足，非攻守所屈，便宜散金寶，縱反間，使彼智者不用，愚者懷猜，此魏武之所以定大業也。 若三事未可，宜思變通，觀於人情，計我糧穀。 若德之所感，萬里同符，仁之所懷，遠邇歸義，金帛素積，糧運又充，乃可以列圍寬守，引以歲月，此王翦之所以剋楚也。 若圍之不卒降，攻之未可下，間道不能行，金粟無人積，天下非一家，人情難可豫，此則宜更思變計矣。 變計之道，實資英斷，此之深要，難以紙宣，輒布言於席衛尉，特願垂采。」 高祖嘉納焉。 頃之，穎胄卒。 時高祖弟始興王憺留守襄陽，詳乃遣使迎憺，共參軍國。 和帝加詳禁兵，出入殿省，固辭不受。 遷侍中、尚書右僕射。 尋授使持節、撫軍將軍、荊州刺史。 詳又固讓于憺。
When Gaozu raised the righteous army, Xiang and Yinggou opened the great undertaking together. With the Western Headquarters in being, Xiang became central army commander, also regular attendant and administrator of Nanjun. In military and civil matters alike, Yinggou leaned on Xiang for judgment. While Gaozu still held Ying city under siege, Yinggou sent Xi Chayan, minister of ceremonies, to his camp. Xiang offered counsel: "A cornered city holds easily; to storm it is the harder course. To pin an army before strong walls is what every strategist warns against. You should widen the plan and gather every voice. From generals to common soldiers, let each speak his mind; take what is sound, use who is fit, and never silence a good word for its speaker nor drown the few in the many. Weigh our numbers, measure their fuel and grain, read their hearts, and judge their position. If they are many and hungry, count the days and hold; if they are well fed but few, mass every man and strike. If grain and arms are both ample and neither siege nor assault will bend them, scatter gold and sow distrust until the clever are ignored and the foolish turn on one another—that is how Cao Cao won an empire. If none of these three paths will serve, seek another way, watch the mood of men, and count our stores. If virtue draws the realm to you and benevolence gathers the distant, with treasure hoarded and convoys full, then ring the walls and wait the seasons out, as Wang Jian broke Chu. If the city will not fall soon, assault will not avail, no secret road is open, no hoard lies ready, the land is not one, and hearts cannot be read—then the plan itself must change. To change course demands bold decision; what matters most cannot be written here—I lay it before Minister Xi and beg him to weigh it." Gaozu approved and took the counsel to heart. Soon after, Yinggou died. Gaozu's brother the Prince of Shixing, Dan, was then holding Xiangyang; Xiang sent to bring him into counsel on army and state. Emperor He offered him palace guards to pass in and out of the inner offices; Xiang refused outright. He was made attendant-in-ordinary and right vice director of the Masters of Writing. Soon after he received the staff as general who pacifies the army and inspector of Jingzhou. Again Xiang pressed his refusal in Dan's favor.
20
天監元年，徵爲侍中、車騎將軍，論功封寧都縣侯，邑二千戶。 詳累辭讓，至於懇切，乃更授右光祿大夫，侍中如故。 給親信二十人，改封豊城縣公，邑如故。 二年，抗表致仕，詔解侍中，進特進。 三年，遷使持節、散騎常侍、車騎將軍、湘州刺史。 詳善吏事，在州四載，爲百姓所稱。 州城南臨水有峻峰，舊老相傳，云「刺史登此山輒被代。」 因是歷政莫敢至。 詳於其地起臺榭，延僚屬，以表損挹之志。
In the first year of Tianjian he was recalled as attendant-in-ordinary and general of chariots and cavalry and, for merit, made marquis of Ningdu with two thousand households. Xiang declined again and again, until his plea was desperate; he was then given right grandee for splendid merit while keeping attendant-in-ordinary. Twenty trusted attendants were granted him, and his title was raised to duke of Fengcheng with the same fief. In the second year he asked to leave office; the court removed him from attendant-in-ordinary and made him special advance. In the third year he went out with the staff as regular attendant, general of chariots and cavalry, and inspector of Xiangzhou. Xiang knew the work of office; through four years in the province the people praised him. South of the city, above the river, stood a sharp peak; elders said, "Whichever inspector climbs this hill is soon replaced." For that reason no governor had dared approach it. Xiang raised halls and towers there, called his officers to him, and showed he did not fear the omen.
21
六年，徵爲侍中、右光祿大夫，給親信二十人，未至，授尚書左僕射、金紫光祿大夫，侍中如故。 道病卒，時年七十四，上爲素服舉哀，贈右光祿。
In the sixth year he was recalled as attendant-in-ordinary and right grandee for splendid merit with twenty attendants; before he reached court he was named left vice director and grandee with the golden seal and purple tassel, still attendant-in-ordinary. He died on the journey, at seventy-four; the emperor mourned in undyed dress and posthumously made him right grandee for splendid merit.
22
先是，荊府城局參軍起士瞻役萬人浚仗庫防火池，得金革帶鉤，隱起雕鏤甚精巧，篆文曰「錫爾金鉤，旣公且侯」。 士瞻，詳兄女婿也。 女竊以與詳，詳喜佩之，期歲而貴矣。
Earlier Qi Shizhan, a city bureau aide in the Jing headquarters, had ten thousand men dig the armory's fire pool and unearthed a gold-and-leather belt hook, finely worked in relief, inscribed: "We grant you the golden hook—you are already duke and marquis." Shizhan had married the daughter of Xiang's elder brother. The girl stole it to Xiang; he wore it gladly, and within a year his rise had come.
23
蔡道恭，字懷儉，南陽冠軍人也。 父郡，宋益州刺史。
Cai Daogong, styled Huaijian, came from Guanjun in Nanyang. His father Jun had served as Song inspector of Yizhou.
24
道恭少寬厚有大量。 齊文帝爲雍州，召補主簿，仍除員外散騎常侍。 後累有戰功，遷越騎校尉、後軍將軍。 建武末，出爲輔國司馬、汝南令。 齊南康王爲荊州，薦爲西中郎中兵參軍，加輔國將軍。
In youth Daogong was open-handed and large-minded. When Qi Wendi held Yongzhou he was called in as chief clerk and soon made supernumerary regular attendant. After further victories he rose to colonel of the swift cavalry and rear army general. Late in Jianwu he went out as state-supporting army major and magistrate of Runan. When the Prince of Nankang took Jingzhou, Daogong was recommended as western palace army aide and made general who supports the state.
25
天監初，論功封漢壽縣伯，邑七百戶，進號平北將軍。 三年，魏圍司州，時城中衆不滿五千人，食裁支半歲，魏軍攻之，晝夜不息，道恭隨方抗禦，皆應手摧卻。 魏乃作大車載土，四面俱前，欲以填壍，道恭輒於壍內列艨衝鬬艦以待之，魏人不得進。 又潛作伏道以決壍水，道恭載土＜犭屯＞塞之。 相持百餘日，前後斬獲不可勝計。 魏大造梯沖，攻圍日急，道恭於城內作土山，厚二十餘丈； 多作大槊，長二丈五尺，施長刃，使壯士刺魏人登城者。 魏軍甚憚之，將退。 會道恭疾篤，乃呼兄子僧勰、從弟靈恩及諸將帥謂曰：「吾受國厚恩，不能破滅寇賊，今所苦轉篤，勢不支久，汝等當以死固節，無令吾沒有遺恨。」 又令取所持節謂僧勰曰：「稟命出疆，憑此而已； 卽不得奉以還朝，方欲攜之同逝，可與棺柩相隨。」 衆皆流涕。 其年五月卒。 魏知道恭死，攻之轉急。
Early in Tianjian, for merit, he was made marquis of Hanshou with seven hundred households and promoted to general who pacifies the north. In the third year Wei laid siege to Sizhou; fewer than five thousand remained inside, with grain for barely half a year; Wei assaulted without pause, and Daogong turned back every blow. Wei built great carts heaped with earth and pushed from every side to fill the ditch; Daogong set tower ships and battle craft in the moat to meet them, and they could not come on. They dug hidden channels to draw off the moat; Daogong answered with basket after basket of earth rammed into the breach. For more than a hundred days they held; the slain and taken mounted beyond reckoning. Wei raised siege towers and rams, and the press of attack tightened; inside the walls Daogong piled an earthen hill twenty zhang and more; he forged long pikes two zhang five feet long with heavy blades and set his stoutest men to spear the Wei climbers on the walls. Wei grew afraid of these weapons and prepared to pull back. Then Daogong's sickness turned mortal; he summoned his nephew Sengyi, his cousin Ling'en, and the commanders and said, "The state loaded me with favor, yet I could not break the enemy; my pain deepens and the wall cannot stand long—you must die where you stand and leave me no shame in the grave." He had his credential staff brought and told Sengyi, "I crossed the frontier on this charge alone; I cannot return it to the throne—then let it go into the earth with me beside the coffin." Every man wept. He died in the fifth month of that year. Learning Daogong was gone, Wei pressed the assault all the harder.
26
先是，朝廷遣郢州刺史曹景宗率衆赴援，景宗到鑿峴，頓兵不前。 至八月，城內糧盡，乃陷。 詔曰：「持節、都督司州諸軍事、平北將軍、司州刺史、漢壽縣開國伯道恭，器幹詳審，才志通烈。 王業肇構，致力陝西。 受任邊垂，效彰所蒞。 寇賊憑陵，竭誠守禦，奇謀間出，捷書日至。 不幸抱疾，奄至殞喪，遺略所固，得移氣朔。 自非徇國忘已，忠果並至，何能身沒守存，窮而後屈。 言念傷悼，特兼常懷，追榮加等。 抑有恒數。 可贈鎮西將軍，使持節、都督、刺史、伯如故，幷尋購喪櫬，隨宜資給。」 八年，魏許還道恭喪，其家以女樂易之，葬襄陽。
The court had already sent Cao Jingzong of Yingzhou with a relief host; Jingzong came to Zao Gorge and camped without moving. In the eighth month the city's grain ran out, and Sizhou fell. An edict said, "Bearer of the staff, commander-in-chief of Sizhou, general who pacifies the north, inspector of Sizhou, and founding marquis of Hanshou, Cai Daogong—his mind was careful, his talent fierce and clear. From the first days of the founding he gave his strength to the western frontier. On the frontier his service shone wherever he was posted. When the enemy closed in he held with full loyalty, scheming without rest and sending victory after victory. Suddenly illness took him—but the ramparts he left stood, and even in death he turned the season against the foe. Only one who gives himself to the realm and binds loyalty to resolve could die and still keep the city, spent yet unbroken. My heart grieves at the thought; let his reward exceed the common rule. So the rites also command. Let him be posthumously made general who pacifies the west, with staff, command, inspectorship, and marquisate unchanged; seek out his coffin and grant what the occasion requires." In the eighth year Wei agreed to send back his body; the family traded court musicians for it, and he was buried at Xiangyang.
27
子澹嗣，卒於河東太守。 孫固早卒，國除。
His son Dan inherited the title and died as administrator of Hedong. Grandson Gu died early and the marquisate was extinguished.
28
楊公則，字君翼，天水西縣人也。 父仲懷，宋泰始初爲豫州刺史殷琰將。 琰叛，輔國將軍劉勔討琰，仲懷力戰，死於橫塘。 公則隨父在軍，年未弱冠，冒陣抱尸號哭，氣絕良久，勔命還仲懷首。 公則殮畢，徒步負喪歸鄉里，由此著名。 歷官員外散騎侍郎。 梁州刺史范柏年板爲宋熙太守、領白馬戍主。
Yang Gongze, styled Junyi, came from Xi county in Tianshui. His father Zhonghuai, in the first year of Song Taishi, served as a general under Yin Yan, inspector of Yuzhou. When Yan rose in rebellion, Liu Xu, general who supports the state, marched against him; Zhonghuai fought hard and fell at Hengtang. Gongze was with the army though still a boy; he broke into the line, caught up his father's body, and cried until he fainted; Xu had the head sent back. After the rites he bore the coffin home on foot and won fame for it. He rose through office to supernumerary regular attendant. Fan Bonian, inspector of Liangzhou, made him administrator of Songxi and commandant of White Horse garrison.
29
氐賊李烏奴作亂，攻白馬，公則固守經時，矢盡糧竭，陷于寇，抗聲罵賊。 烏奴壯之，更厚待焉，要與同事。 公則偽許而圖之，謀泄，單馬逃歸。 梁州刺史王玄邈以事表聞，齊高帝下詔褒美。 除晉壽太守，在任清潔自守。
The Di chieftain Li Wunu rose and struck White Horse; Gongze held until shafts and grain were gone, then was taken; he cursed the enemy without lowering his voice. Wunu honored his courage and treated him well, asking him to serve alongside them. Gongze feigned consent and plotted their ruin; when the plot was discovered he escaped alone on horseback. Wang Xuanmiao, inspector of Liangzhou, memorialized the court; Qi Gaodi issued an edict commending him. He was appointed administrator of Jinshou and governed with clean hands.
30
永明中，爲鎮北長流參軍。 遷扶風太守，母憂去官。 雍州刺史陳顯達起爲寧朔將軍。 復領太守。 頃之，荊州刺史巴東王子響構亂，公則率師進討。 事平，遷武寧太守。 在郡七年，資無擔石，百姓便之。 入爲前軍將軍。 南康王爲荊州，復爲西中郎中兵參軍。 領軍將軍蕭穎胄協同義舉，以公則爲輔國將軍、領西中郎諮議參軍，中兵如故，率衆東下。 時湘州行事張寶積發兵自守，未知所附，公則軍及巴陵，仍回師南討。 軍次白沙，寶積懼，釋甲以俟焉。 公則到，撫納之，湘境遂定。
In the Yongming era he served as army aide on the northern garrison staff under the general who guards the north. He became administrator of Fufeng, then left office to mourn his mother. Yongzhou inspector Chen Xianda raised him as General Who Pacifies the North. He again held the post of administrator. Soon after, the Prince of Badong, as Jingzhou inspector, raised rebellion; Gongze marched against him. When order was restored, he was made administrator of Wuning. For seven years in the commandery he owned scarcely a bushel of grain, yet the people flourished under him. He entered the capital as General of the Vanguard. When the Prince of Nankang took Jingzhou, he again served as western middle army central military aide. When Commandant of Guards Xiao Yingmao joined the righteous rising, Gongze was made General Who Supports the State and concurrent western middle army consultant aide, kept his central army post, and led his men east. Zhang Baoji, acting for Xiangzhou, had mobilized to hold his ground and wavered between sides; when Gongze reached Baling he swung south to subdue him. The army stopped at Baisha; Baoji, afraid, disarmed and waited. Gongze arrived, reassured him, and took him in; Xiang was pacified.
31
和帝卽位，授持節、都督湘州諸軍事、湘州刺史。 高祖勒衆軍次於沔口，魯山城主孫樂祖、郢州刺史張沖各據城未下，公則率湘府之衆會于夏口。 時荊州諸軍受公則節度，雖蕭穎達宗室之貴亦隸焉。 累進征虜將軍、左衛將軍，持節、刺史如故。
When Emperor He took the throne, Gongze received the staff, command of Xiangzhou forces, and the inspectorship of Xiangzhou. Gaozu camped the main armies at Hankou while Sun Lezu held Lushan and Zhang Chong held Ying; Gongze brought the Xiang forces to Xiakou. Every army in Jingzhou now answered to Gongze—even Xiao Yingda of the imperial house marched under his orders. He rose to General Who Captures the Barbarians and Left Guard General, keeping the staff and the inspectorship.
32
郢城平，高祖命衆軍卽日俱下，公則受命先驅，徑掩柴桑。 江州旣定，連旌東下，直造京邑。 公則號令嚴明，秋毫不犯，所在莫不賴焉。 大軍至新林，公則自越城移屯領軍府壘北樓，與南掖門相對，嘗登樓望戰。 城中遙見麾蓋，縱神鋒弩射之，矢貫胡床，左右皆失色。 公則曰：「幾中吾腳。」 談笑如初。 東昏夜選勇士攻公則柵，軍中驚擾，公則堅臥不起，徐命擊之，東昏軍乃退。 公則所領多湘溪人，性怯懦，城內輕之，以爲易與，每出蕩，輒先犯公則壘。 公則獎厲軍士，剋獲更多。 及平，城內出者或被剝奪，公則親率麾下，列陣東掖門，衛送公卿士庶，故出者多由公則營焉。 進號左將軍，持節、刺史如故，還鎮南蕃。
Ying fell; Gaozu ordered a general advance that day; Gongze went first and seized Chaisang. Jiangzhou secured, the banners turned east and bore straight on the capital. Gongze's discipline was iron; nothing was taken; wherever his men went, people trusted them. At Xinlin, Gongze shifted from Yue city to the north tower of the commandant's rampart, facing the South Yeb Gate, and watched the battle from above. From the walls they saw his canopy and shot with divine-edge crossbows; a bolt drove through his camp chair, and his attendants blanched. Gongze said, "That almost took my foot." Then he joked as if nothing had happened. Dong Hun sent picked warriors by night against Gongze's camp; the lines panicked, but Gongze stayed in bed, gave the order to strike, and the enemy fell back. His men were mostly Xiang river folk, thought soft; the defenders mocked them and made Gongze's camp their first target on every sortie. Gongze roused his troops, and they brought back richer spoils each time. After the fall, looters preyed on those leaving the city; Gongze lined his men at the East Yeb Gate and escorted officials and people safely out, and most exits ran through his camp. He was promoted to Left General, kept staff and inspectorship, and returned to hold the south.
33
初，公則東下，湘部諸郡多未賓從，及公則還州，然後諸屯聚並散。 天監元年，進號平南將軍，封寧都縣侯，邑一千五百戶。 湘州寇亂累年，民多流散，公則輕刑薄斂，頃之，戶口充復。 爲政雖無威嚴，然保己廉慎，爲吏民所悅。 湘俗單家以賂求州職，公則至，悉斷之，所辟引皆州郡著姓，高祖班下諸州以爲法。
On his first march east many Xiang commanderies had held back; only when he came back did the hill forts melt away. In the first year of Tianjian he became General Who Pacifies the South and Marquis of Ningdu with fifteen hundred households. Years of raiding had emptied Xiangzhou; Gongze eased law and tax, and soon the registers swelled again. He ruled without harsh display, but he was honest and careful, and officials and people adored him. Xiang families had bought office with gifts; Gongze ended that, appointed only notable local houses, and Gaozu made every province follow his model.
34
四年，徵中護軍。 代至，乘二舸便發，贐送一無所取。 仍遷衛尉卿，加散騎常侍。 時朝廷始議北伐，以公則威名素著，至京師，詔假節先屯洛口。 公則受命遘疾，謂親人曰：「昔廉頗、馬援以年老見遺，猶自力請用。 今國家不以吾朽懦，任以前驅，方於古人，見知重矣。 雖臨途疾苦，豈可僶俛辭事。 馬革還葬，此吾志也。」 遂強起登舟。 至洛口，壽春士女歸降者數千戶。 魏豫州刺史薛恭度遣長史石榮前鋒接戰，卽斬石榮，逐北至壽春，去城數十里乃反。 疾卒于師，時年六十一。 高祖深痛惜之，卽日舉哀，贈車騎將軍，給鼓吹一部。 諡曰烈。
In year 4 he was called to the capital as Central Army Protector. His replacement came; he took two light boats and left that day, refusing every parting gift. He was then made Court Commandant and Palace Attendant Who Remains at Ease. As the court debated a northern campaign, Gongze's fame brought him to the capital with orders to take the staff and hold Luokou ahead of the army. Gongze took the commission but fell ill and told his kin, "Long ago Lian Po and Ma Yuan were cast off as old men, yet they still begged to serve. The state does not despise my frailty but puts me in the van—that is heavier honor than they knew. I am sick on the march, but how can I cringe away from the task? To come home in horse leather—that is what I want." He dragged himself aboard. At Luokou several thousand households of Shouchun came over to him. Wei's Yuzhou inspector Xue Gongdu sent his chief clerk Shi Rong to fight; Gongze killed him at once, chased to Shouchun, and withdrew ten-odd li from the walls. Illness took him in camp at sixty-one. Gaozu mourned him the same day, posthumously made him General of Chariots and Cavalry, and granted martial pipes and drums. His posthumous name was Lie, "Fierce."
35
公則爲人敦厚慈愛，居家篤睦，視兄子過於其子，家財悉委焉。 性好學，雖居軍旅，手不輟卷，士大夫以此稱之。
Gongze was gentle and warm at home, favored his brother's sons over his own, and gave them the whole household fortune. He loved books; even in camp he read without pause, and the gentry spoke of it with respect.
36
子膘嗣，有罪國除。 高祖以公則勳臣，特詔聽庶長子朓嗣。 朓固讓，歷年乃受。
His son Biao inherited, then forfeited the fief for a crime. Gaozu, honoring Gongze's service, specially allowed his eldest son by a concubine, Tuan, to inherit. Tuan refused for years before he would take the title.
37
鄧元起，字仲居，南郡當陽人也。 少有膽幹，膂力過人。 性任俠，好賑施，鄉里年少多附之。 起家州辟議曹從事史，轉奉朝請。 雍州刺史蕭緬板爲槐里令。 遷弘農太守、平西軍事。 時西陽馬榮率衆緣江寇抄，商旅斷絕，刺史蕭遙欣使元起率衆討平之。 遷武寧太守。
Deng Yuanqi, styled Zhongju, came from Dangyang in Nan commandery. As a youth he was bold and strong beyond ordinary men. He was a rover who gave freely, and the young men of the countryside followed him. The province first summoned him as discussion-affairs aide; he later became a court gentleman. Yongzhou inspector Xiao Mian appointed him magistrate of Huaili. He became administrator of Hongnong and held western pacification military affairs. Ma Rong of Xiyang was raiding along the river and choking trade; inspector Xiao Yaoxin sent Yuanqi to crush him. He was made administrator of Wuning.
38
永元末，魏軍逼義陽，元起自郡援焉。 蠻帥田孔明附于魏，自號郢州刺史，寇掠三關，規襲夏口，元起率銳卒攻之，旬月之間，頻陷六城，斬獲萬計，餘黨悉皆散走。 仍戍三關。 郢州刺史張沖督河北軍事，元起累與沖書，求旋軍。 沖報書曰：「足下在彼，吾在此，表裏之勢，所謂金城湯池； 一旦舍去，則荊棘生焉。」 乃表元起爲平南中兵參軍事。 自是每戰必捷，勇冠當時，敢死之士樂爲用命者萬有餘人。
In the last years of Yongyuan Wei pressed Yiyang; Yuanqi came from his commandery to help. The Man leader Tian Kongming joined Wei, called himself Yingzhou inspector, and raided the Three Passes toward Xiakou; Yuanqi struck with picked men, took six towns in a month, killed and captured by the ten thousands, and broke the rest. He then held the Three Passes. Yingzhou inspector Zhang Chong commanded north of the river; Yuanqi wrote again and again asking leave to return. Chong answered, "You hold one gate and I the other—that is the golden rampart and boiling moat. Leave it, and thorns spring up at once." He then memorialized Yuanqi as southern pacification central army military aide. After that he won every fight; no one matched his daring, and more than ten thousand men would die for him.
39
義師起，蕭穎胄與書招之。 張沖待元起素厚，衆皆懼沖； 及書至，元起部曲多勸其還郢。 元起大言於衆曰：「朝廷暴虐，誅戮宰臣，羣小用命，衣冠道盡。 荊、雍二州同舉大事，何患不剋。 且我老母在西，豈容背本。 若事不成，政受戮昏朝，倖免不孝之罪。」 卽日治嚴上道。 至江陵，爲西中郎中兵參軍，加冠軍將軍，率衆與高祖會于夏口。 高祖命王茂、曹景宗及元起等圍城，結壘九里，張沖屢戰，輒大敗，乃嬰城固守。
When the righteous cause rose, Xiao Yingmao called him by letter. Zhang Chong had long favored Yuanqi, and the troops feared offending him; when the summons came, many of his officers urged him back to Ying. Yuanqi addressed the host: "The throne is savage, butchers its ministers, and lets lackeys rule—the rites are dead. Jing and Yong rise together—how can we fail? My mother is still in the west—I cannot betray my home. If we lose, let the dark court kill me and spare me the shame of a bad son." That day he packed and marched. At Jiangling he became western middle army central military aide and Champion General, then led his men to Gaozu at Xiakou. Gaozu set Wang Mao, Cao Jingzong, and Yuanqi to siege Ying with ramparts nine li long; Zhang Chong fought and lost again and again, then shut the gates and endured.
40
初，義師之起，益州刺史劉季連持兩端； 及聞元起將至，遂發兵拒守。 語在《季連傳》。 元起至巴西，巴西太守硃士略開門以待。 先時蜀人多逃亡，至是出投元起，皆稱起義應朝廷，師人新故三萬餘。 元起在道久，軍糧乏絕。 或說之曰：「蜀土政慢，民多詐疾，若儉巴西一郡籍注，困而罰之，所獲必厚。」 元起然之。 涪令李膺諫曰：「使君前有嚴敵，後無繼援，山民始附，於我觀德，若糾以刻薄，民必不堪，衆心一離，雖悔無及，何必起疾，可以濟師。 膺請出圖之，不患資糧不足也。」 元起曰：「善，一以委卿。」 膺退，率富民上軍資米，俄得三萬斛。
At first Yizhou inspector Liu Jilian had sat on the fence; but when he heard Yuanqi was coming he armed the passes and resisted. The fuller account is in Liu Jilian's biography. Yuanqi reached Baxi, and administrator Zhu Shilue opened the city to him. Shu refugees who had hidden now flocked to him as men answering the throne; his army, old and new, passed thirty thousand. Yuanqi had marched so long that the granaries were empty. An adviser said, "Shu is slack and the people lie about sickness; audit one commandery, Baxi, squeeze and fine them, and you will fill the stores." Yuanqi agreed. Fuling magistrate Li Ying warned him, "You face a hard enemy ahead with no help behind; the hill folk have only just joined and are watching how you rule. Harsh levies will break them, and once they turn away you cannot win them back. Why invite trouble when you can feed the army another way? Let me try, and you will not lack grain." Yuanqi said, "Good—do as you will." Li Ying left, rallied the rich to bring rice, and within days raised thirty thousand hu.
41
元起先遣將王元宗等，破季連將李奉伯於新巴，齊晚盛於赤水，衆進屯西平。 季連始嬰城自守。 晚盛又破元起將魯方達於斛石，士卒死者千餘人，師衆咸懼，元起乃自率兵稍進至蔣橋，去成都二十里，留輜重於郫。 季連復遣奉伯、晚盛二千人，間道襲郫，陷之，軍備盡沒。 元起遣魯方達之衆救之，敗而反，遂不能剋。 元起捨郫，逕圍州城，柵其三面而塹焉。 元起出巡視圍柵，季連使精勇掩之，將至麾下，元起下輿持楯叱之，衆辟易不敢進。
Yuanqi had already sent Wang Yuanzong and others to beat Liu Jilian's Li Fengbo at Xinba and Qi Wansheng at Chishui, then pushed the host to Xiping. Jilian finally shut Chengdu and dug in. Qi Wansheng crushed Lu Fangda at Hushi and killed more than a thousand; the army shook; Yuanqi led the van himself to Jiangqiao, twenty li from Chengdu, and left the baggage at Pi. Jilian sent Fengbo and Wansheng with two thousand men by a bypath, seized Pi, and burned Yuanqi's stores. Yuanqi sent Lu Fangda to retake it; he was beaten back and could not break through. Yuanqi left Pi, ringed the provincial capital on three sides, and dug trenches. Yuanqi walked the lines; Jilian sent killers to rush him; as they closed in he stepped down, raised his shield, and roared them off.
42
時益部兵亂日久，民廢耕農，內外苦饑，人多相食，道路斷絕，季連計窮。 會明年，高祖使赦季連罪，許之降。 季連卽日開城納元起，元起送季連于京師。 城開，郫乃降。 斬奉伯、晚盛。 高祖論平蜀勳，復元起號平西將軍，增封八百戶，幷前二千戶。
War had raged so long in Yizhou that fields lay waste, hunger ruled inside and out, men fed on men, and the roads were dead; Jilian was at his end. The following year Gaozu pardoned Jilian and promised to accept his surrender. Jilian opened the gates that day; Yuanqi took the city and sent him to the capital. When the city opened, Pi surrendered. He executed Fengbo and Wansheng. Gaozu weighed merit for pacifying Shu, restored Yuanqi as General Who Pacifies the West, added eight hundred households to his fief, and with the earlier grant brought the total to two thousand.
43
元起以鄉人庾黔婁爲錄事參軍，又得荊州刺史蕭遙欣故客蔣光濟，並厚待之，任以州事。 黔婁甚清潔，光濟多計謀，並勸爲善政。 元起之剋季連也，城內財寶無所私，勤恤民事，口不論財色。 性本能飲酒，至一斛不亂，及是絕之。 蜀土翕然稱之。 元起舅子梁矜孫性輕脫，與黔婁志行不同，乃言於元起曰：「城中稱有三刺史，節下何以堪之！」 元起由此疏黔屢、光濟，而治迹稍損。
Yuanqi made his townsman Yu Qianlou recording secretary aide and took on Xiao Yaoxin's former guest Jiang Guangji; both were richly favored and given charge of the province. Qianlou was scrupulously honest, Guangji resourceful in counsel, and both pressed for sound rule. When Yuanqi defeated Jilian he kept none of the city's wealth, worked hard for the people, and never spoke of money or women. He could naturally drink a hu without disorder, but from then on he abstained completely. All Shu united in praise of him. Yuanqi's nephew Liang Jinsun was flighty and at odds with Qianlou in character; he told Yuanqi, "The city calls this place ruled by three inspectors—how can you endure it! From that Yuanqi distanced Qianlou and Guangji, and his governance slackened.
44
在州二年，以母老乞歸供養，詔許焉。 徵爲右衛將軍，以西昌侯蕭淵藻代之。 是時，梁州長史夏侯道遷以南鄭叛，引魏人，白馬戍主尹天寶馳使報蜀，魏將王景胤、孔陵寇東西晉壽，並遣告急，衆勸元起急救之。 元起曰：「朝廷萬里，軍不卒至，若寇賊侵淫，方須撲討，董督之任，非我而誰？ 何事匆匆便救。」 黔婁等苦諫之，皆不從。 高祖亦假元起節，都督征討諸軍事，救漢中。 比至，魏已攻陷兩晉壽。 淵藻將至。 元起頗營還裝，糧儲器械，略無遺者。 淵藻入城，甚怨望之，因表其逗留不憂軍事。 收付州獄，於獄自縊，時年四十八。 有司追劾削爵土，詔減邑之半，乃更封松滋縣侯，邑千戶。
After two years in the province his mother's age moved him to ask to go home and care for her; the court assented. He was recalled as Right Guard General, and Marquis of Xichang Xiao Yuanzao took his place. Then Liangzhou chief clerk Xiahou Daqian turned Nanzheng over to Wei; Yin Tianbao of White Horse Garrison galloped word to Shu; Wang Jingyin and Kong Ling of Wei attacked the two Jinshou posts and all cried for help; many pressed Yuanqi to march at once. Yuanqi said, "The court is ten thousand li off; armies cannot come overnight. If the enemy spreads, then we must beat them back—the task of command, who but me? Why hurry to rescue them now? Qianlou and the rest pleaded hard, but he would hear none of it. Gaozu also gave Yuanqi the staff and made him commander of the punitive forces to relieve Hanzhong. When he arrived, Wei had already overrun both Jinshou. Yuanzao was nearing. Yuanqi busied himself packing for the return; grain, stores, and arms—hardly anything remained. Yuanzao entered the city full of grievance and memorialized that Yuanqi had lingered and neglected the army. He was committed to the provincial jail and hanged himself there, aged forty-eight. The offices pursued charges and stripped his fief; an edict halved his estate, then made him Marquis of Songzi with a thousand households.
45
初，元起在荊州，刺史隨王板元起爲從事，別駕庾蓽堅執不可，元起恨之。 大軍旣至京師，蓽在城內，甚懼。 及城平，元起先遣迎蓽，語人曰：「庾別駕若爲亂兵所殺，我無以自明。」 因厚遣之。 少時又嘗至其西沮田舍，有沙門造之乞，元起問田人曰：「有稻幾何？」 對曰：「二十斛。」 元起悉以施之。 時人稱其有大度。
Earlier in Jingzhou the Prince of Sui had posted Yuanqi as aide, but registrar Yu Bi stood firm against it, and Yuanqi bore a grudge. When the main force reached the capital, Bi was within the walls and terrified. When the city fell, Yuanqi sent first to receive Bi and told people, "If Registrar Yu Bi were killed in the turmoil, I could never prove my innocence." He then sent Bi off with rich gifts. As a young man he once visited his farm at Xiju; a monk came begging; Yuanqi asked the farmer, "How much rice is there? The answer was, "Twenty hu." Yuanqi gave the whole amount away. Men of the day praised his largeness of spirit.
46
元起初爲益州，過江陵迎其母，母事道，方居館，不肯出。 元起拜請同行。 母曰：「貧賤家兒忽得富貴，詎可久保，我寧死不能與汝共入禍敗。」 元起之至巴東，聞蜀亂，使蔣光濟筮之，遇《蹇》，喟然歎曰：「吾豈鄧艾而及此乎。」 後果如筮。 子鏗嗣。
When Yuanqi first took Yizhou he passed Jiangling to bring his mother; she followed the Way and was in a lodge, and refused to leave it. Yuanqi bowed and pleaded that she come with him. His mother said, "A poor boy who suddenly grows rich cannot keep it long; I would rather die than share your downfall. At Badong he heard Shu was in revolt and had Jiang Guangji divine; the hexagram was Jian; he sighed, "Am I Deng Ai, to meet such an end? In the end all came to pass as the divination foretold. His son Keng inherited.
47
陳吏部尚書姚察曰：永元之末，荊州方未有釁，蕭穎胄悉全楚之兵，首應義舉。 豈天之所啓，人惎之謀？ 不然，何其響附之決也？ 穎達叔侄慶流後嗣，夏侯、楊、鄧咸享隆名，盛矣！ 詳之謹厚，楊、蔡廉節，君子有取焉。 [1]
Chen Minister of Personnel Yao Cha said: In late Yongyuan Jingzhou had not yet stirred; Xiao Yingchen gathered all Chu's forces and led the response to the righteous cause. Was it Heaven's prompting, or human design? Otherwise how could men have rallied so swiftly and so surely? Yingda and his kin reaped fortune for their heirs; Xiahou, Yang, and Deng all won great renown—splendid! Xiang's prudence and weight, Yang and Cai's clean conduct—men of worth may esteem them. [1] Editorial footnote marker.
48
全文以中華書局、一九七三年五月版《梁書》爲本校。
The full text was collated against the Zhonghua Shuju edition of the Book of Liang (May 1973).