1
太祖下
Taizu, Part Two
2
四年春正月丙申，射虎東山。
In the fourth year, on bingchen day in the first month of spring, he hunted tigers on Eastern Mountain.
3
二月丙寅，修遼陽故城，以漢民、渤海戶實之，改為東平郡，置防禦使。
In the second month, on bingyin day, he rebuilt the old city of Liaoyang, settled it with Han and Bohai households, renamed it Dongping Commandery, and appointed a Defense Commissioner.
4
夏五月庚辰，至自東平郡。
In the fifth month of summer, on gengchen day, he returned from Dongping Commandery.
5
秋八月丁酉，謁孔子廟，命皇后、皇太子分謁寺觀。
In the eighth month of autumn, on dingyou day, he paid homage at Confucius's temple and ordered the Empress and Crown Prince to visit temples and monasteries in turn.
6
九月，征烏古部，道聞皇太后不豫，一日馳六百里還，侍太后，病間，復還軍中。
In the ninth month, while marching against the Wugu tribe, he learned on the road that the Empress Dowager was ill. He rode six hundred li in a single day to attend her; when she recovered, he returned to the army.
7
冬十月丙午，次烏古部，天大風雪，兵不能進，上禱於天，俄頃而霽。 命皇太子將先鋒軍進擊，破之，俘獲生口萬四千二百，牛馬、車乘、廬帳、器物二十餘萬。 自是舉部來附。
That winter, in the tenth month, on bingwu day, he encamped among the Wugu. A fierce blizzard blocked the army's advance; the Emperor prayed to Heaven, and within moments the sky cleared. He ordered the Crown Prince to lead the vanguard forward; they routed the enemy, taking fourteen thousand two hundred captives and more than two hundred thousand oxen, horses, carts, tents, and goods. From that time the entire tribe submitted.
8
五年春正月乙丑，始制契丹大字。
In the fifth year, on yichou day in the first month of spring, he first created the Khitan large script.
9
夏五月丙寅，吳越王復遣滕彥休貢犀角、珊瑚，授官以遣。 庚辰，有龍見於拽剌山陽水上，上射獲之，藏其骨內府。
In the fifth month of summer, on bingyin day, the King of Wuyue again dispatched Teng Yanxiu with rhinoceros horn and coral as tribute; he was granted an office and sent home. On gengchen day a dragon appeared in the waters south of Zhaila Mountain; the Emperor shot and killed it and had its bones stored in the inner treasury.
10
閏六月丁卯，以皇弟蘇為惕隱，康默記為夷離畢。
In the intercalary sixth month, on dingmao day, his younger brother Su was made tixin, and Kang Moj was made yilijin bil.
11
秋八月己未朔，項諸部叛。 辛未，上親征。
On the jiwei new moon in the eighth month of autumn, the Xiang tribes rose in revolt. On xinwei day the Emperor took the field in person.
12
九月己丑朔，梁遣郎公遠來聘。 壬寅，大字成，詔頒行之。 皇太子率迭剌部夷離汙裏軫等略地雲內、天德。
On the jichou new moon in the ninth month, Liang dispatched Lang Gongyuan on a diplomatic visit. On renyin day the large script was finished, and an edict ordered it promulgated throughout the realm. The Crown Prince led Diela branch chiefs including Wuli Zhen and others in raids across Yunnei and Tiande.
13
冬十月辛未，攻天德。 癸酉，節度使宋瑤降，賜弓矢、鞍馬、旗鼓，更其軍曰應天。 甲戌，班師。 宋瑤復叛。 丙子，撥其城，擒宋瑤，俘其家屬，徙其民於陰山南。
That winter, in the tenth month, on xinwei day, they attacked Tiande. On guiyou day Military Governor Song Yao surrendered; he was granted bow and arrows, saddle and horse, banners and drums, and his force was renamed the Yingtian Army. On jiaxu day the army withdrew. Song Yao rebelled once more. On bingzi day they stormed the city, seized Song Yao, took his household captive, and resettled the populace south of the Yin Mountains.
14
十二月己未，師還。
On jiwei day in the twelfth month the army returned.
15
六年春正月丙午，以皇弟蘇為南府宰相，迭裏為惕隱。 南府宰相，自諸弟構亂，府之名族多罹其禍，故其位久虛，以鋤得部轄得裏、只裏古攝之。 府中數請擇任宗室，上以舊制不可輒變； 請不已，乃告於宗廟而後授之。 宗室為南府宰相自此始。
In the sixth year, on bingwu day in the first month of spring, his younger brother Su was made Southern Chancellor, and Dieli was made tixin. The Southern Chancellorship had long stood empty: after the brothers' rebellion had ruined many great families of the prefecture, Zagdeli and Zhiligu of the Chudem tribe had held the office in trust. The prefecture repeatedly petitioned that a member of the imperial clan be chosen, but the Emperor held that the old institution must not be altered lightly. When the petitions would not cease, he announced the matter at the ancestral temple before granting the appointment. From this time members of the imperial clan served as Southern Chancellor.
16
夏五月丙戌朔，詔定法律，正班爵。 丙申，詔畫前代直臣像為招諫圖，及詔長吏四孟月詢民利病。
On the bingxu new moon in the fifth month of summer, an edict established the laws and set court ranks in order. On bingshen day an edict ordered portraits of upright ministers of former ages painted as the Recruitment for Remonstrance chart, and that local officials in each of the four seasonal months inquire into the people's hardships and needs.
17
六月乙卯朔，日有食之。
On the yimao new moon in the sixth month there was a solar eclipse.
18
冬十月癸丑朔，晉新州防禦使王鬱以所部山北兵馬內附。 丙子，上率大軍入居庸關。
That winter, on the guichou new moon of the tenth month, Wang Yu, Defense Commissioner of Jin's Xinzhou, defected with his troops and horses from north of the mountains. On bingzi day the Emperor led a great army through Juyong Pass.
19
十一月癸卯，下古北口。 丁未，分兵略檀、順、安遠、三河、良鄉、望都、潞、滿城、遂城等十餘城，俘其民徙內地。
In the eleventh month, on guimao day, they passed down through the ancient northern gate. On dingwei day detachments were sent to overrun more than ten cities—Tan, Shun, Anyuan, Sanhe, Liangxiang, Wangdu, Lu, Mancheng, Suicheng, and others—taking captives and resettling the people in the interior.
20
十二月癸丑，王鬱率其眾來朝，上呼鬱為子，賞賚甚厚，而徙其眾于潢水之南。 庚申，皇太子率王郁略地定州，康默記攻長蘆。 唐義武軍節度使王處直養子都囚其父，<一>自稱留後。 癸亥，圍涿州，有白兔緣壘而上，是日破其郛。 癸酉，刺史李嗣弼以城降。 乙亥，存至定州，王都迎謁馬前。 存引兵趨望都，遇我軍禿餒五千騎，圍之，存力戰數四，不解。 李嗣昭領三百騎來救，我軍少卻，存乃得出，大戰，我軍不利，引歸。 存至幽州，遣二百騎躡我軍後，我軍反擊，悉擒之。 己卯，還次檀州，幽人來襲，擊走之，擒其裨將。 詔徙檀、順民于東平、瀋州。
On guichou day in the twelfth month Wang Yu came to court with his followers; the Emperor called him "son," heaped gifts upon him, and resettled his people south of the Huang River. On gengshen day the Crown Prince led Wang Yu in raids around Dingzhou, while Kang Moj attacked Changlu. Wang Chuzhi, Military Governor of Tang's Yiwu Army, was imprisoned by his adopted son Du, who <1> declared himself acting governor. On guihai day they besieged Zhuozhou; a white hare scaled the walls, and that same day they stormed the outer city. On guiyou day Prefect Li Sibi surrendered the city. On yihai day Li Cun reached Dingzhou, and Wang Du came out to greet him at his horse's head. Cun pressed toward Wangdu and met five thousand of our horsemen, gaunt with hunger; he surrounded them and fought four fierce engagements but could not break the encirclement. Li Sizhao led three hundred horsemen to the rescue; our forces fell back slightly, and Cun broke free; in the great battle that followed our army was worsted and withdrew. When Cun reached Youzhou he sent two hundred horsemen to trail our army; we turned and struck, capturing every man. On jimao day, on the return march we halted at Tanzhou; men from You came to attack; we drove them off and took their assistant general prisoner. An edict resettled the people of Tan and Shun in Dongping and Shen Prefecture.
21
天贊元年春二月庚申，復徇幽、薊地。 癸酉，詔改元，赦軍前殊死以下。
In the first year of Tianzan, on gengshen day in the second month of spring, he again overran the You and Ji region. On guiyou day an edict changed the era name and granted amnesty for offenses short of capital crimes to all who had marched with the army.
22
夏四月甲寅，攻薊州。 戊午，撥之，擒刺史胡瓊，以盧國用、涅魯古典軍民事。 壬戌，大饗軍士。 癸亥，李存圍鎮州，張文禮求援，命郎君迭烈、將軍康末怛往擊，敗之，殺其將李嗣昭。 辛未，攻石城縣，撥之。
In the fourth month of summer, on jiayin day, they attacked Jizhou. On wuwu day they stormed it, took Prefect Hu Qiong prisoner, and put Lu Guoyong and Nielu Gu in charge of military affairs. On renxu day he held a great feast for the troops. On guihai day Li Cun besieged Zhenzhou; Zhang Wenli sought relief, and Langjun Dielie and General Kang Modan were dispatched against him; they routed the enemy and killed their general Li Sizhao. On xinwei day they attacked Shicheng County and took it by storm.
23
五月丁未，張文禮卒，其子處瑾遣人奉表來謝。
In the fifth month, on dingwei day, Zhang Wenli died; his son Chujin sent envoys with a memorial of gratitude.
24
六月，遣鷹軍擊西南諸部，以所獲賜貧民。
In the sixth month the Eagle Army was sent against tribes in the southwest; the captives taken were distributed to the poor.
25
冬十月甲子，以蕭霞的為北府宰相。 分迭剌部為二院：斜涅赤為北院夷離，綰思為南院夷離，詔分北大濃兀為二部，立兩節度使以統之。
That winter, in the tenth month, on jiazi day, Xiao Xiade was made Northern Chancellor. The Diela tribe was divided into two divisions: Xie Niechi was made Northern Division yilijin and Wansi Southern Division yilijin; an edict split the Great Northern Nongwu into two tribes and set two Military Governors over them.
26
十一月壬寅，命皇子堯骨為天下兵馬大元帥，略地薊北。
In the eleventh month, on renyin day, the Emperor named Prince Yaogu Grand Marshal of All Armies and Horses and sent him to overrun the country north of Ji.
27
二年春正月丙申，大元帥堯骨克平州，獲刺史趙思溫、裨將張崇。 <二>
In the second year, on bingchen day in the first month of spring, Grand Marshal Yaogu took Pingzhou, capturing Prefect Zhao Siwen and Assistant General Zhang Chong. <2>
28
二月，如平州。 甲子，以平州為盧龍軍，置節度使。
In the second month he proceeded to Pingzhou. On jiazi day Pingzhou was made the Lulong Army and a Military Governor was appointed.
29
三月戊寅，軍於箭山，討叛奚胡損，獲之，射以鬼箭。 誅其黨三百人，沉之狗河。 置奚墮瑰部，以勃魯恩權總其事。
On wuyin day in the third month the army encamped at Arrow Mountain to suppress the rebel Xi chief Husun; he was taken and executed with ghost arrows. Three hundred of his followers were put to death and cast into Gou River. The Xi Duigui tribe was established, with Boluen provisionally placed in overall charge.
30
夏四月己酉，梁遣使來聘，吳越王遣使來貢。 癸丑，命堯骨攻幽州，迭剌部夷離覿烈徇山西地。 庚申，堯骨軍幽州東，節度使符存審遣人出戰，敗之，擒其將裴信父子。
In the fourth month of summer, on jiyou day, Liang sent envoys on a diplomatic visit, and the King of Wuyue sent envoys bearing tribute. On guichou day Yaogu was ordered to attack Youzhou, while Diela branch yilijin Dilie overran the Shanxi region. On gengshen day Yaogu's army reached east of Youzhou; Military Governor Fu Cunshen sent troops out to give battle; they were beaten, and General Pei Xin and his son were taken prisoner.
31
閏月庚辰，堯骨抵鎮州。 壬午，撥曲陽。 丙戌，下北平。 是月，晉王李存即皇帝位，國號唐。
In the intercalary month, on gengchen day, Yaogu reached Zhenzhou. On renwu day they stormed Quyang. On bingxu day they took Beiping. That month Jin King Li Cun ascended the throne and proclaimed the dynastic name Tang.
32
五月戊午，堯骨師還。 癸亥，大饗軍士，賞賚有差。
In the fifth month, on wuwu day, Yaogu's army returned. On guihai day he held a great feast for the troops, distributing rewards in due measure.
33
六月辛丑，波斯國來貢。
In the sixth month, on xinchou day, Persia sent tribute.
34
秋七月，前北府宰相蕭阿古只及王郁徇地燕、趙。
In the seventh month of autumn former Northern Chancellor Xiao Aguzhi and Wang Yu overran the Yan and Zhao region.
35
冬十月辛未朔，日有食之。 己卯，唐兵滅梁。
On the xinwei new moon in the tenth month of winter there was a solar eclipse. On jimao day Tang forces destroyed Liang.
36
三年春正月，遣兵略地燕南。
In the third year, in the first month of spring, troops were sent to overrun the country south of Yan.
37
夏五月丙午，以惕隱迭裏為南院夷離。 是月，徙薊州民實遼州地。 渤海殺其刺史張秀實而掠其民。
In the fifth month of summer, on bingwu day, tixin Dieli was made Southern Division yilijin. That month the people of Jizhou were resettled to fill Liaozhou territory. Bohai killed its prefect Zhang Xiushi and carried off its people.
38
六月乙酉，召皇后、皇太子、大元帥及二宰相、諸部頭等詔曰； 「上天降監，惠及民。 聖主明王，萬載一遇。 朕既上承天命，下統群生，每有征行，皆奉天意。 是以機謀在己，取捨如神，國令既行，人情大附。 舛訛歸正，遐邇無愆。 可謂大含溟海，安納泰山矣！ 自我國之經營，為群方之父母。 憲章斯在，胤嗣何憂？ 升降有期，去來在我。 良籌聖會，自有契於天人； 眾國群王，豈可化其凡骨？ 三年之後，歲在丙戌，時值初秋，必有歸處。 然未終兩事，豈負親誠？ 日月非遙，戒嚴是速。」 聞詔者皆驚懼，莫識其意。 是日，大舉征吐渾、項、阻卜等部。 詔皇太子監國，大元帥堯骨從行。
On yiyou day in the sixth month the Emperor summoned the Empress, Crown Prince, Grand Marshal, the two Chancellors, and chiefs of the various tribes and proclaimed an edict, saying: "Heaven above keeps watch and bestows its grace upon the people. A sage sovereign and enlightened king comes but once in ten thousand generations. I have received Heaven's mandate above and govern all living beings below; in every campaign I act in accord with Heaven's intent. Thus strategy rests in my own hand, and what I choose or set aside is decided as by a god; once the nation's commands go forth, the people's hearts rally to me. Wrong is made right, and far and near alike stand without reproach. Truly I may be said to hold within me the vast dark sea and stand firm as Mount Tai! From the founding of our state we have been parent to every quarter. With law and charter in place, what need to fear for heirs? Rising and falling have their appointed season; departure and return rest in my hand. A wise design and a sacred convergence — surely Heaven and man are already in accord; the kings of many lands — can they alter bones of common clay? Three years hence, in the bingxu year, at the opening of autumn, there will surely be a place to which I return. Yet two tasks remain unfinished — how could I betray the sincerity of kin? The sun and moon are not distant; let preparations be made in haste." All who heard the edict were struck with fear, and none could fathom its meaning. That same day a great campaign was launched against the Tuyuhun, Xiang, Zubu, and other tribes. He ordered the Crown Prince to govern in his stead and took Great Marshal Yaogu with him on the march.
39
秋七月辛亥，曷剌等擊素昆那山東部族，破之。
That autumn, in the seventh month, on xinhai day, Hela and his officers struck the eastern clans of Sukunna Mountain and broke them.
40
八月乙酉，至烏孤山，以鵝祭天。 甲午，次古單于國，登阿裏典壓得斯山，以鹿祭。
In the eighth month, on yiyou day, the army came to Wugu Mountain and offered geese to Heaven. On jiawu day they encamped in the old Xiongnu lands, climbed Mount Alidianyadesi, and made a deer sacrifice.
41
九月丙申朔，次古回鶻城，勒石紀功。 庚子，拜日于林。 丙午，遣騎攻阻卜。 南府宰相蘇、南院夷離迭裏略地西南。 乙卯，蘇等獻俘。 丁巳，鑿金河水，取烏山石，<三>輦致潢河、木葉山，以示山川朝海宗嶽之意。 癸亥，大食國來貢。 甲子，詔礱辟遏可汗故碑，以契丹、突厥、漢字紀其功。 是月，破胡母思山諸蕃部，次業得思山，以赤牛青馬祭天地。 回鶻霸裏遣使來貢。
At the bingshen new moon of the ninth month they stopped at the ruined Uighur capital and carved a stone to commemorate the campaign. On gengzi day they bowed to the sun among the trees. On bingwu day he sent horsemen against the Zubu. Southern Chancellor Su and Southern Court yilü Dieli swept the southwest. On yimao day Su and his commanders brought in prisoners. On dingsi day they opened a channel in the Golden River, quarried stone from Wushan, <3> and had it carted to the Huang River and Mount Muye—signifying that every river and ridge bows toward the sea and every peak pays court to the sacred mountains. On guihai day envoys arrived from the Arab lands with tribute. On jiazi day he decreed that the old stele of Khan Longbiye be cut anew, its deeds inscribed in Khitan, Turkic, and Chinese. That month they overran the tribal settlements on Hmusin Mountain, camped at Yedesi Mountain, and offered red oxen and blue horses to Heaven and Earth. Boli of the Uighurs dispatched envoys bearing tribute.
42
冬十月丙寅朔，獵寓樂山，獲野獸數千，以充軍食。 丁卯，軍於霸離思山。 遣兵流沙，撥浮圖城，盡取西鄙諸部。
At the bingyin new moon of the tenth winter month they hunted on Mount Yule, taking several thousand head of game to feed the host. On dingmao day the army halted on Mount Balisi. He sent soldiers across the drifting sands, stormed Fotu City, and brought every tribe on the western marches to heel.
43
十一月乙未朔，獲甘州回鶻都督畢離遏，因遣使諭其主烏母主可汗。 射虎于烏剌邪裏山，抵霸室山。 六百餘里且行且獵，日有鮮食，軍士皆給。
At the yimao new moon of the eleventh month they seized Bilie'e, the Ganzhou Uighur commissioner, and sent envoys to deliver their terms to his sovereign, Khan Wumu. They hunted tiger on Mount Wulaxieli and pressed on to Mount Bashishi. For six hundred li and more they alternated march and hunt; fresh meat came every day, and no man in the ranks went hungry.
44
四年春正月壬寅，以捷報皇后、皇太子。
In the spring of the fourth year, on renyin day in the first month, word of triumph was sent to the Empress and Crown Prince.
45
二月丙寅，大元帥堯骨略項。 丁卯，皇后遣康末怛問起居，進御服、酒膳。 乙亥，蕭阿古只略燕、趙還，進牙旗兵仗。 辛卯，堯骨獻項俘。
In the second month, on bingyin day, Great Marshal Yaogu harried the Xi. On dingmao day the Empress sent Kang Moda to ask after his welfare and forwarded court robes, wine, and a full table. On yihai day Xiao Aguzhi came back from the Yan and Zhao frontier with captured standards and arms. On xinmao day Yaogu delivered Xi prisoners to court.
46
三月丙申，饗軍于水精山。
In the third month, on bingshen day, he held a great feast for the army at Crystal Mountain.
47
夏四月甲子，南攻小蕃，下之。 皇后、皇太子迎謁於劄裏河。 癸酉，回鶻烏母主可汗遣使貢謝。
In the fourth summer month, on jiazi day, he turned south against a minor tribe and brought it down. The Empress and Crown Prince rode out to greet him on the Zhali River. On guiyou day Khan Wumu of the Uighurs sent envoys with gifts of thanks.
48
五月甲寅，清暑室韋北陘。
In the fifth month, on jiayin day, he sought the cool of the Shiwei northern pass.
49
秋九月癸巳，至自西征。
That autumn, in the ninth month, on guisi day, he came home from the western war.
50
冬十月丁卯，唐以滅梁來告，即遣使報聘。 庚辰，日本國來貢。 辛巳，高麗國來貢。
That winter, in the tenth month, on dingmao day, Tang announced the fall of Liang, and he immediately sent envoys in reply. On gengchen day tribute arrived from Japan. On xinsi day Goryeo sent tribute.
51
十一月丁酉，幸安國寺，飯僧，赦京師囚，縱五坊鷹鶻。 己酉，新羅國來貢。
In the eleventh month, on dingyou day, he visited Anguo Temple, feasted the monks, freed the capital's prisoners, and turned loose the hunting birds of the Five Wards. On jiyou day Silla sent tribute.
52
十二月乙亥，詔曰：「所謂兩事，一事已畢，惟渤海世讎未雪，豈宜安駐！」 乃舉兵親征渤海大。 皇后、皇太子、大元帥堯骨皆從。
In the twelfth month, on yihai day, he proclaimed: "Of the two undertakings I foretold, one is complete; only the blood-debt with Bohai remains unpaid. How can I sit idle?" At once he marshaled his host and marched in person against Bohai. The Empress, the Crown Prince, and Great Marshal Yaogu all went with him.
53
閏月壬辰，祠木葉山。 壬寅，以青牛白馬祭天地于烏山。 己酉，次撒葛山，射鬼箭。 丁巳，次商嶺，夜圍扶餘府。
In the intercalary month, on renchen day, he offered sacrifice at Mount Muye. On renyin day, with blue oxen and white horses, he worshipped Heaven and Earth on Mount Wu. On jiyou day he encamped at Mount Sage and loosed ghost-arrows against evil. On dingsi day he reached Shang Ridge and, that same night, invested Fuyu Prefecture.
54
二月庚寅，安邊、頡、南海、定理等府及諸道節度、刺史來朝，慰勞遣之。 以所獲器幣諸物賜將士。 壬辰，以青牛白馬祭天地。 大赦，改元天顯。 以平渤海遣使報唐。 甲午，復幸忽汗城，閱府庫物，賜從臣有差。 以奚部長勃魯恩、王鬱自回鶻、新羅、吐蕃、項、室韋、沙陀、烏古等從征有功，優加賞賚。 丙午，改渤海國為東丹，忽汗城為天福。 冊皇太子倍為人皇王以主之。 以皇弟迭剌為左大相，渤海老相為右大相，渤海司徒大素賢為左次相，耶律羽之為右次相。 赦其國內殊死以下。 丁未，高麗、貊、鐵驪、來貢。
In the second month, on gengyin day, the prefectures of Anbian, Xie, Nanhai, Dingli, and the rest, with their commissioners and prefects, came to audience; he received them with praise and sent them home. Arms, silks, and the rest of the spoils he divided among officers and rank and file. On renchen day he again sacrificed blue oxen and white horses to Heaven and Earth. He declared a general amnesty and changed the reign title to Tianxian. With Bohai subdued, he dispatched envoys to inform Tang. On jiawu day he returned to Hurhan City, reviewed the storehouses, and rewarded his followers by rank. The Xi chieftain Boru'en, Wang Yu, and the allies who had marched with him from Uighur, Silla, Tibetan, Xi, Shiwei, Shatuo, and Wugu lands were singled out for lavish reward. On bingwu day he renamed the Bohai realm Dongdan and Hurhan City Tianfu. He invested Crown Prince Bei as Renhuang Wang to govern the new domain. His brother Diela became Left Grand Minister; a senior Bohai minister took the Right Grand Ministry; Dae Sagyeon, Bohai Minister of Works, became Left Secondary Minister; and Yelü Yuzhi Right Secondary Minister. Inside the realm he pardoned every crime short of death. On dingwei day envoys arrived with tribute from Goryeo, the Mohe tribes, the Iron Lili, and the Jurchen.
55
三月戊午，遣夷離畢康默記、左僕射韓延徽攻長嶺府。 甲子，祭天。 丁卯，幸人皇王宮。 己巳，安邊、頡、定理三府叛，遣安端討之。 丁丑，三府平。 壬午，安端獻俘，誅安邊府叛帥二人。 癸未，宴東丹國僚佐，頒賜有差。 甲申，幸天福城。 乙酉，班師，以大舉族行
In the third month, on wuwu day, he sent yilü-bi Kang Mojin and Left Vice Director Han Yanhui against Changling Prefecture. On jiazi day he performed the rites of Heaven. On dingmao day he called at the Renhuang Wang's palace. On jisi day Anbian, Xie, and Dingli rose in revolt, and he sent Anduan to put them down. On dingchou day the three prefectures were quiet again. On renwu day Anduan brought in prisoners and beheaded the two rebel leaders of Anbian Prefecture. On guiwei day he banqueted Dongdan's ministers and gave out rewards by station. On jiashen day he went to Tianfu City. On yiyou day the host turned homeward, with the Bohai king Dae Inseon leading his whole clan west on the road.
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夏四月丁亥朔，次傘子山。 辛卯，人皇王率東丹國僚屬辭。 是月，唐養子李嗣源反，郭存謙弑其主存，<四>嗣源遂即位。
At the dinghai new moon of the fourth summer month they stopped at Umbrella Mountain. On xinmao day Renhuang Wang, with Dongdan's chief ministers, came to bid farewell. That month Li Siyuan, Tang's adopted son, rose in rebellion; Guo Cunqian murdered his master Cun, <4> and Siyuan seized the throne.
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五月辛酉，南海、定理二府復叛，大元帥堯骨討之。
In the fifth month, on xinyou day, Nanhai and Dingli rebelled once more, and Great Marshal Yaogu marched to crush them.
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六月丁酉，二府平。 丙午，次慎州，唐遣姚坤以國哀來告。
In the sixth month, on dingyou day, both prefectures were subdued. On bingwu day the army encamped at Shenzhou while Tang sent Yao Kun to announce the court's mourning.
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秋七月丙辰，鐵州刺史衛鈞反。 乙丑，堯骨攻撥鐵州。 庚午，東丹國左大相迭剌卒。 辛未，衛送大於皇都西，築城以居之。 賜名曰烏魯古，妻曰阿裏只。 盧龍行軍司馬張崇叛，奔唐。 <五>甲戌，次扶餘府，上不豫。 是夕，大星隕於幄前。 辛巳平旦，子城上見黃龍繚繞，可長一里，光耀奪目，入於行宮。 有紫黑氣蔽天，日乃散。 是日，上崩，年五十五。 天贊三年上所謂「丙戌秋初，必有歸處」，至是乃驗。 壬午，皇后稱制，權決軍國事。
That autumn, in the seventh month, on bingchen day, Wei Jun, prefect of Iron Prefecture, turned rebel. On yichou day Yaogu invested and stormed Iron Prefecture. On gengwu day Diela, Dongdan's Left Grand Minister, died. On xinwei day Wei Jun convoyed Dae Inseon, king of Bohai, to a site west of the capital and walled a town for his household. The captive king was granted the name Ulugu; his consort was styled Aliji. Zhang Chong, Lulong's field marshal, rebelled and fled to Tang. <5> On jiaxu day the imperial train stopped at Fuyu Prefecture, and the Emperor sickened. That night a great star plummeted before his pavilion. At dawn on xinsi day a yellow dragon a full li long was seen spiraling above the inner citadel, blazing so bright men could scarcely look, before it glided into the traveling palace. Purple-black clouds swallowed the sky until the sun broke through and scattered them. That same day the Emperor died. He was fifty-five. The words he had spoken in the third year of Tianzan—"When the bingxu year comes and early autumn arrives, I shall have my place of return"—were fulfilled at last. On renwu day the Empress took regency and held sole authority over army and state.
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八月辛卯，康默記等攻下長嶺府。 甲午，皇后奉梓宮西還。 壬寅，堯骨討平諸州，奔赴行在。 乙巳，人皇王倍繼至。
In the eighth month, on xinmao day, Kang Mojin and his commanders took Changling Prefecture. On jiawu day the Empress bore the coffin west on the homeward march. On renyin day Yaogu settled the remaining prefectures and raced to join the mourning camp. On yisi day Renhuang Wang Bei came up behind.
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九月壬戌，南府宰相蘇薨。 丁卯，梓宮至皇都，權殯於子城西北。 己巳，上升天皇帝，廟號太祖。
In the ninth month, on renxu day, Southern Chancellor Su died. On dingmao day the coffin entered the capital and was laid in temporary rest northwest of the inner city. On jisi day he was honored as Ascendant Heaven Emperor, with the temple name Taizu.
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冬十月，盧龍軍節度使盧國用叛，奔于唐。
That winter, in the tenth month, Lu Guoyong, governor of the Lulong Army, rebelled and fled to Tang.
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十一月丙寅，殺南院夷離耶律迭裏、郎君耶律匹魯等。
In the eleventh month, on bingyin day, Southern Court yilü Yelü Dieli, gentleman Yelü Pilu, and others were put to death.
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二年八月丁酉，葬太祖皇帝于祖陵，置祖州天城軍節度使以奉陵寢。 統和二十六年七月，進大聖大明天皇帝。 重熙二十一年九月，加大聖大明神烈天皇帝。 太祖所崩行宮在扶餘城西南兩河之間，後建升天殿於此，而以扶餘為黃龍府雲。
In the second year, on dingyou day of the eighth month, Taizu was interred at Zuling, and a Zuzhou Tiancheng Army governor was appointed to keep the tomb. In the twenty-sixth year of Tonghe, seventh month, his posthumous title was raised to Great Sage, Great Brightness, Heavenly Emperor. In the twenty-first year of Chongxi, ninth month, he was further styled Great Sage, Great Brightness, Divine Fierce Heavenly Emperor. The palace where Taizu died lay between two rivers southwest of Fuyu; later the Ascent-to-Heaven Hall rose on that ground, and Fuyu became Huanglong Prefecture.
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贊曰：遼之先，出自炎帝，世為審吉國，其可知者蓋自奇首雲。 奇首生都山，徙潢河之濱。 傳至雅裏，始立制度，置官屬，刻木為契，穴地為牢。 讓阻午而不肯自立。 雅裏生毗牒。 毗牒生領。 領生耨裏思，大度寡欲，令不嚴而人化，是為肅祖。 肅祖生薩剌德，嘗與黃室韋挑戰，矢貫數劄，是為懿祖。 懿祖生勻德實，始教民稼穡，善畜牧，國以殷富，是為玄祖。 玄祖生撒剌的，仁民愛物，始置鐵冶，教民鼓鑄，是為德祖，即太祖之父也。 世為契丹遙輦氏之夷離，執其政柄。 德祖之弟述瀾，北征於厥、室韋，南略易、定、奚、，始興板築，置城邑，教民種桑麻，習織組，己有廣土眾民之志。 而太祖受可汗之禪，遂建國。 東征西討，如折枯拉朽。 東自海，西至於流沙，北絕大漠，信威萬里，歷年二百，豈一日之故哉！ 周公誅管、蔡，人未有能非之者。 剌葛、安端之亂，太祖既貸其死而復用之，非人君之度乎？ 舊史扶餘之變，亦異矣夫！
Thus the historian praises them: Liao's ancestors sprang from the Flame Emperor; for ages they were the Shenji people; the record becomes clear, it seems, with Qishou. Qishou was born on Mount Du and later settled on the Huang River. By Yali's time the tribe first fixed laws, set officers in place, carved wooden tallies, and dug earthen cells for prisoners. He stood aside for Zuwu and refused to proclaim himself chief. Yali had a son Bidie. Bidie was the father of Ling. Ling's son Noulisi was broad-minded and sparing in wants; though his rule was mild, the people were naturally swayed—this was Emperor Suzu. Suzu had Salade, who once duelled the Yellow Shiwei; arrows ran through stack upon stack of quivers—this was Emperor Yizu. Yizu begot Jundeshi, who first taught grain-growing, kept fine herds, and made the country wealthy—this was Emperor Xuanzu. Xuanzu had Saladi, humane toward the people and tender toward things; he founded ironworks and taught folk to smelt and cast—this was Emperor Dezu, father of Taizu. For generations they held the yilijinship of the Khitan Yaolian line and wielded the reins of power. Dezu's brother Shuluo marched north against the Jue and Shiwei and south against Yi, Ding, and Xi; he introduced rammed-earth building, founded towns, taught mulberry and hemp planting and weaving—the ambition for broad lands and a populous realm was already plain. Then Taizu received the khan's surrender of the throne and founded the kingdom. East and west his campaigns went, snapping dry wood and pulling rotten timber. From the eastern sea to the western wastes, from the northern desert to ten thousand li of sway—a realm two centuries in the making: was that the work of a single day? When the Duke of Zhou put Guan and Cai to death, no one faulted him for it. In the rebellions of Gege and Anduan, Taizu spared them and then put them back in office—was that truly the measure of a prince? How strange too is the old histories' tale of the Fuyu crisis!
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校勘記
Collation Notes
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一：唐義武軍節度使王處直唐，原誤「晉」。 據卷七五王鬱傳、舊五代史五四及司馬光資治通鑒 〈（以下稱通鑒）〉 改。
1: Tang's military governor of the Yiwu Army, Wang Chuzhi — for Tang, the original text wrongly read Jin. According to juan 75, Biography of Wang Yu; Old History of the Five Dynasties, juan 54; and Sima Guang's Comprehensive Mirror for Aid in Government (hereinafter abbreviated as Comprehensive Mirror)]〉 Corrected accordingly.
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二：裨將張崇張崇，新五代史四七、舊五代史八八本傳並作張希崇。 此避天祚延禧嫌名，去「希」字。
2: "Adjutant general Zhang Chong Zhang Chong" — New History of the Five Dynasties, juan 47, and Old History, juan 88, biographies both read Zhang Xichong. This avoids the taboo name of Tianzuo's son Yenxi; the character xi was dropped.
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三：鑿金河水取烏山石按「鑿」「取」二字互舛。
3: "Dug the Jin River and took Wushan stone" — the words dug and took are transposed.
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四：郭存謙弑其主存存謙，新五代史七三作從謙。
4: "Guo Cunqian killed his lord Cun Cunqian" — New History of the Five Dynasties, juan 73, reads Congqian.
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五：盧龍行軍司馬張崇叛奔唐按張奔唐事，舊五代史三九及通鑒並系于天成三年 〈（遼天顯三年）〉 閏八月。
5: "Lulong field marshal Zhang Chong rebelled and fled to Tang" — regarding Zhang's flight to Tang, Old History of the Five Dynasties, juan 39, and Comprehensive Mirror both place the event in the third year of Tiancheng (Liao Tianxian year 3)]〉 intercalary eighth month.