1
太宗下
Taizong, Part Two
2
三月壬戌,將東幸,三克言農務方興,請減輜重,促還朝,從之。 丙寅,女直來貢。 癸酉,東幸。 夏四月戊寅朔,如南京。 甲申,女直來貢。 乙酉,幸溫泉。 己丑,還宮,朝于皇太后。 丁酉,女直貢弓矢。 己亥,西南邊大詳穩耶律魯不古奏党項捷。 五月甲寅,晉復遣使請上尊號,從之。
In the third month, on renxu day, as he prepared to tour eastward, Sanko argued that the spring planting was only just underway, asked that supply wagons be cut back, and pressed for an early return to court; the Emperor agreed. On bingyin day the Jurchen brought tribute. On guiyou day he set out on an eastern tour. That summer, on the wuyin new moon of the fourth month, he went to the Southern Capital. On jiashen day the Jurchen brought tribute. On yiyou day he visited the hot springs. On jichou day he returned to the palace and paid court to the Grand Empress Dowager. On dingyou day the Jurchen presented bows and arrows in tribute. On jihai day Yelü Lubugu, grand xiangwen on the southwest frontier, reported a victory over the Tangut. In the fifth month, on jiayin day, Jin again sent envoys asking that honorific titles be conferred; the court assented.
3
六月丙子朔,吐谷渾及女直東貢。 辛卯,南唐來貢。 癸巳,詔建日月四時堂,圖寫古帝王事于兩廡。 秋七月癸亥,遣使賜晉馬。 丁卯,遣鶻離底使晉,梅里了古使南唐。 戊辰,遣中台省右相耶律述蘭迭烈哥使晉,臨海軍節度使趙思溫副之,冊晉帝為英武明義皇帝。 八月戊子,女直來貢。 庚子,吐谷渾、烏孫、靺鞨皆來貢。 九月庚戌,黑車子室韋貢名馬。 邊臣奏晉遣守司空馮道、左散騎常侍韋勛來上皇太后尊號,左僕射劉昫、右諫議大夫盧重上皇帝尊號,遂遣監軍寅你已充接伴。 壬子,詔群臣及高年,凡授大臣爵秩,皆賜錦袍、金帶、白馬、金飾鞍勒,著于令。 冬十月甲戌朔,遣郎君迪里姑等撫問晉使。 壬寅,晉遣使來謝冊禮。 是日,復有使進獨峰駝及名馬。
On the bingzi new moon of the sixth month, Tuyuhun and the eastern Jurchen brought tribute. On xinmao day Southern Tang sent tribute. On guisi day an edict ordered construction of the Hall of Sun, Moon, and Four Seasons, with the deeds of ancient emperors and kings painted along both side corridors. That autumn, in the seventh month on guihai day, envoys were sent to present horses to Jin. On dingmao day Gulidi was sent as envoy to Jin and Meiligu to Southern Tang. On wuchen day Yelü Shulan Dielige, vice chancellor of the Central Secretariat, was dispatched to Jin with Linhai Army Military Governor Zhao Siwen as deputy to invest the Jin Emperor as the Heroic Martial and Brightly Righteous Emperor. In the eighth month, on wuzi day, the Jurchen brought tribute. On gengzi day Tuyuhun, Wusun, and Mohe all sent tribute. In the ninth month, on gengxu day, the Heichezi Shiwei presented famed horses. Frontier officials reported that Jin had sent Acting Minister of Works Feng Dao and Left Regular Attendant Wei Xun to invest the Grand Empress Dowager, and Left Vice Director Liu Xu and Right Remonstrance Grandee Lu Chong to invest the Emperor; Military Commissioner Yinniyi was then appointed to receive them. On renzi day an edict declared that whenever ministers and elders received high rank, they were to be granted brocade robes, gold belts, white horses, and gold-trimmed saddles and bridles — and this was entered into law. That winter, on the jiaxu new moon of the tenth month, Langjun Diligu and others were sent to visit and comfort the Jin envoys. On renyin day Jin sent envoys to thank him for the investiture ceremonies. That same day another envoy arrived with single-hump camels and famed horses.
4
十一月甲辰朔,命南北宰相及夷離堇就館賜晉使馮道以下宴。 丙午,上御開皇殿,召見晉使。 壬子,皇太后御開皇殿,馮道、韋勛冊上尊號曰廣德至仁昭烈崇簡應天皇太后。 甲子,行再生柴冊禮。 丙寅,皇帝御宣政殿,劉昫、盧重冊上尊號曰睿文神武法天啟運明德章信至道廣敬昭孝嗣聖皇帝。 大赦,改元會同。 是月,晉復遣趙瑩奉表來賀,以幽、薊、瀛、莫、涿、檀、順、媯、儒、新、武、雲、應、朔、寰、蔚十六州並圖籍來獻。 於是詔以皇都為上京,府曰臨潢。 升幽州為南京,南京為東京。 改新州為奉聖州,武州為歸化州。 升北、南二院及乙室夷離堇為王,以主簿為令,令為刺史,刺史為節度使,二部梯里己為司徒,達剌干為副使,麻都不為縣令,縣達剌干為馬步。 置宣徽、閤門使、控鶴、客省、御史大夫、中丞、侍御、判官、文班牙署、諸宮院世燭,馬群、遙輦世燭,南北府、國舅帳郎君官為敞史,諸部宰相、節度使帳為司空,二室韋闥林為僕射,鷹坊、監冶等局官長為詳穩。
On the jiachen new moon of the eleventh month, the Northern and Southern Chancellors and the yilijins were ordered to host a banquet at the guesthouse for Feng Dao and the other Jin envoys. On bingwu day the Emperor received audience in Kaihuang Hall and summoned the Jin envoys before him. On renzi day the Grand Empress Dowager sat in Kaihuang Hall while Feng Dao and Wei Xun invested her as Grand Empress Dowager of Broad Virtue, Utmost Benevolence, Bright Splendor, Lofty Simplicity, and Response to Heaven. On jiazi day he performed the regeneration investiture rite. On bingyin day the Emperor sat in the Hall of Promulgating Governance while Liu Xu and Lu Chong invested him as Emperor of Sagacious Letters, Divine Martial Prowess, Aligning with Heaven's Law, Opening Fortune, Bright Virtue and Manifest Faith, Utmost Way, Broad Reverence, Bright Filial Piety, and Successor Sage. A general amnesty was proclaimed and the era name changed to Huitong. That month Jin again sent Zhao Ying with a letter of congratulation, offering sixteen prefectures — You, Ji, Ying, Mo, Zhuo, Tan, Shun, Gui, Ru, Xin, Wu, Yun, Ying, Shuo, Huan, and Wei — together with their maps and registers. Thereupon an edict raised the imperial capital to Supreme Capital and named its prefecture Linhuang. Youzhou was promoted to Southern Capital, and the former Southern Capital became Eastern Capital. Xin Prefecture was renamed Fengsheng, and Wu Prefecture was renamed Guihua. The Northern and Southern Courts and the Yishi yilijin were ennobled as princes; chief clerks were made magistrates, magistrates prefects, prefects military governors; tribal chiefs became Ministers of Work, darqan deputy commissioners, madu county magistrates, and county darqan cavalry and infantry commanders. Offices were set up for Xuanhui, Gatekeepers, Crane Control, Guest Reception, Censor-in-Chief, Vice Censor, Attending Censor, Adjudicator, Literary Shift Attendants, palace bureaus' hereditary candles, horse herds and Imperial Carriage hereditary candles; Langjun posts in the Northern and Southern Courts and the imperial uncle's household became chamberlains; chancellor and military governor households in every department became Ministers of Work; Ershiwei Talin was made Pushe; and chiefs of the Eagle Yard, Foundry Supervision, and like bureaus became xiangwen.
5
十二月戊戌,遣同括、阿缽等使晉,制加晉馮道守太傅,劉昫守太保,餘官各有差。
In the twelfth month, on wuxu day, Tongkuo, Abo, and others were sent as envoys to Jin; by decree Feng Dao of Jin was appointed Acting Grand Tutor, Liu Xu Acting Grand Preceptor, and the remaining offices were adjusted each according to rank.
6
二年春正月乙巳,以受晉冊,遣使報南唐、高麗。 丁未,御開皇殿,宴晉使馮道以下,賜物有差。 戊申,晉遣金吾衛大將軍馬從斌、考功郎中劉知新來貢珍幣,命分賜群臣。 丙辰,晉遣使謝免沿邊四州錢幣。
In the second year, on yisi day in the first month of spring, envoys were sent to notify Southern Tang and Goryeo of his acceptance of Jin's investiture. On dingwei day he held court in Kaihuang Hall, feasted Feng Dao and the other Jin envoys, and bestowed gifts of varying grade. On wushen day Jin sent Gold Crow Guard General Ma Congbin and Director of Personnel Liu Zhixin with precious tribute; the Emperor ordered the gifts divided among his ministers. On bingchen day Jin sent envoys to thank him for remitting coin tribute from the four frontier prefectures.
7
二月戊寅,宴諸王及節度使來賀受冊禮者,仍命皇太子、惕隱迪輦餞之。 癸巳,謁太祖廟,賜在京吏民物,及內外群臣官賞有差。 丁酉,加兼侍中、左金吾衛上將軍王鄑檢校太尉。
In the second month, on wuyin day, he feasted the princes and military governors who had come to congratulate him on the investiture, and ordered the Crown Prince and tixin Dilian to give them a farewell banquet. On guisi day he visited the Taizu temple, distributed goods to officials and commoners in the capital, and granted rewards of varying grade to ministers within and without the court. On dingyou day Wang Ji, who also served as Palace Attendant and General-in-Chief of the Left Gold Crow Guard, was appointed Acting Grand Commandant.
8
三月,畋于褭潭之則。 戊申,女直來貢。 丁巳,封皇子述律為壽安王,罨撒葛為太平王。 己巳,大賚百姓。 夏四月乙亥,幸木葉山。 癸巳,東京路奏狼食人。 五月乙巳,禁南京鬻牝羊出境。 思奴古多里等坐盜官物,籍其家。 南唐遣使來貢。 丁未,以所貢物賜群臣。 戊申,回鶻單于使人乞授官,詔第加刺史、縣令。 六月丁丑,雨雪。 是夏,駐蹕頻蹕淀。 秋七月戊申,晉遣使進犀帶。 庚戌,吐谷渾來貢。 乙卯,敞史阿缽坐奉使失職,命笞之。 閏月癸未,乙室大王坐賦調不均,以木劍背撻而釋之; 並罷南、北府民上供,及宰相、節度諸賦役非舊制者。 乙酉,遣的烈賜晉烏古良馬。 己丑,以南王府二刺史貪蠹,各杖一百,仍系虞候帳,備射鬼箭,選群臣為民所愛者代之。
In the third month he hunted along the shore of Niaotan Marsh. On wushen day the Jurchen brought tribute. On dingsi day Prince Shulü was enfeoffed as Prince of Shou'an and Yansage as Prince of Taiping. On jisi day the common people received a great distribution of gifts. That summer, in the fourth month on yihai day, he visited Mount Muye. On guisi day the Eastern Capital Circuit reported that wolves had killed people. In the fifth month, on yisi day, the sale of ewes beyond the Southern Capital was forbidden. Sinuguduo Li and others, convicted of stealing government property, had their households registered and their goods seized. Southern Tang sent envoys with tribute. On dingwei day the tribute goods were distributed among the ministers. On wushen day envoys of the Uyghur Chanyu asked for offices; by edict they were promoted in turn to prefect and county magistrate. In the sixth month, on dingchou day, rain and snow fell. That summer the court encamped at Pinbi Marsh. That autumn, in the seventh month on wushen day, Jin sent envoys with rhinoceros-horn belts. On gengxu day Tuyuhun brought tribute. On yimao day Chamberlain Abo, convicted of failing in his embassy, was ordered flogged. In the intercalary month, on guiwei day, the Prince of Yishi, convicted of uneven tax levies, was beaten on the back with a wooden sword and released; At the same time the court abolished the tribute levied on the people of the Northern and Southern Courts and the taxes and corvée imposed on chancellors and military governors beyond what the old system allowed. On yiyou day Dilie was sent to present fine Wugu horses to Jin. On jichou day two prefects of the Southern Prince's household, found corrupt, were each flogged one hundred strokes, bound to the guard account, and assigned to shoot demon-arrows; ministers favored by the people were chosen to take their places.
9
八月乙丑,晉遣使貢歲幣,奏輸戌、亥二歲金幣于燕京。
In the eighth month, on yichou day, Jin sent envoys with the annual tribute, reporting payment of gold and silk for the xu and hai years at Yanjing.
10
九月甲戌,阻卜阿離底來貢。 己卯,遣使使晉。
In the ninth month, on jiaxu day, Zubu Alidi brought tribute. On jimao day envoys were sent to Jin.
11
冬十月丁未,上以烏古部水草肥美,詔北、南院徙三石烈戶居之。
That winter, in the tenth month on dingwei day, because the Wugu pastures were rich and the waters abundant, an edict ordered the Northern and Southern Courts to resettle three shilie households there.
12
十一月丁亥,鐵驪、敦煌並遣使來貢。 十二月庚子,釣魚于土河。 甲子,回鶻使者傔人有以刃相擊者,詔付其使處之。
In the eleventh month, on dinghai day, the Iron Li and Dunhuang both sent tribute envoys. In the twelfth month, on gengzi day, he fished on the Tu River. On jiazi day some attendants among the Uyghur envoys drew blades on one another; an edict left their punishment to their own envoy.
13
三年春正月戊子,吳越王遣使來貢。 庚寅,人皇王妃來朝。 回鶻使乞觀諸國使朝見禮,從之。 壬辰,遣陪謁阿缽使晉至生辰禮。 晉以並、鎮、忻、代之吐谷渾來歸。 二月己亥,奚王勞骨寧率六節度使朝貢。 庚子,烏古遣使獻伏鹿國俘,賜其部夷離堇旗鼓以旌其功。 壬寅,女直來貢。 辛亥,墨離鶻末里使回鶻阿薩蘭還,賜對衣勞之。 乙卯,鴨淥江女直遣使來覲。 三月戊辰,遣使使晉,報幸南京。 己巳,如南京。 辛未,命惕隱耶律涅離骨德率萬騎先驅。 壬申,次石嶺,以奚王勞骨寧、監軍寅你已朝謁不時,切責之。 丙子,魯不姑上党項俘獲數。 癸未,獵水門,獲白鹿。 庚寅,詔扈從擾民者從軍律。 甲午,幸薊州。 乙未,晉及南唐各遣使來覲。 夏四月庚子,至燕,備法駕,入自拱辰門,御元和殿,行入閤禮。 壬寅,遣人使晉。 乙巳,幸留守趙延壽別墅。 丙午,晉遣宣徽使楊端、王眺等來問起居。 壬子,御便殿,宴晉及諸國使。 丙辰,晉遣使進茶藥。 壬戌,御昭慶殿,宴南京群臣。 癸亥,晉遣使賀端午,以所進節物賜群臣。 乙丑,南唐進白龜。 五月庚午,以端午宴群臣及諸國使,命回鶻、敦煌二使作本俗舞,俾諸使觀之。 庚辰,晉遣使進弓矢。 甲申,遣皇子天德及檢校司徒邸用和使晉。 戊子,閱騎兵于南郊。 六月乙未朔,東京宰相耶律羽之言渤海相大素賢不法,詔僚佐部民舉有才德者代之。 丙申,閱步卒于南郊。 庚子,晉及轄剌骨只遣使來見。 壬寅,駕發燕京,命中書令蕭僧隱部諸道軍于長坐營。 癸丑,次奉聖州。 甲寅,勞軍士。 秋七月己巳,獵猾底烈山。 癸酉,朝于皇太后。 丙子,從皇太后視人皇王妃疾。 戊寅,人皇王妃蕭氏薨。 己卯,以安重榮據鎮州叛晉,詔征南將軍柳嚴邊備。 丙戌,徙人皇王行宮于其妃薨所。 辛卯,晉遣使請行南郊禮,許之。 八月己亥,詔東丹吏民為其王倍妃蕭氏服。 庚子,阻卜來貢。 壬寅,遣使南唐。 乙巳,阻卜、黑車子室韋、賃烈等國來貢。 南唐遣使求青氈帳,賜之。 戊申,以安端私城為白川州。 辛亥,鼻骨德使乞賜爵,以其國相授之。 甲寅,阻卜來貢。 乙卯,置白川州官屬。 丙辰,詔以于諧里河、臚朐河之近地,給賜南院歐堇突呂、乙斯勃、北院溫納何剌、三石烈人為農田。 九月庚午,侍中崔窮古言:「晉主聞陛下數遊獵,意請節之。」 上曰:「朕之畋獵,非徒從樂,所以練習武事也。」 乃詔諭之。 壬午,邊將奏破吐谷渾,擒其長; 詔止誅其首惡及其丁壯,餘並釋之。 丙戌,晉遣使貢名馬。 戊子,女直及吳越王遣使來貢。 冬十月辛丑,遣克郎使吳越,略姑使南唐。 庚申,晉遣使貢布,及請親祠南嶽,從之。 十一月己巳,南唐遣使奉蠟丸書言晉密事。 丁丑,詔有司教民播種紡績。 除姊亡妹續之法。 十二月壬辰朔,率百僚謁太祖行宮。 甲午,燔柴,禮畢,祠于神帳。 丙申,遣使使晉。 丙辰,詔契丹人授漢官者從漢儀,聽與漢人婚姻。 丁巳,詔燕京皇城西南堞建涼殿。 是冬,駐蹕于傘淀。
In the third year, on wuzi day in the first month of spring, the King of Wuyue sent tribute envoys. On gengyin day the Renhuang King's consort came to court. Uyghur envoys asked to witness the audience ceremony for foreign envoys; the request was granted. On renchen day Attendant-of-Audience Abo was sent to Jin for the birthday ceremony. Jin presented the Tuyuhun of Bing, Zhen, Xin, and Dai who had submitted to them. In the second month, on jihai day, Xi King Raoguning led six military governors to court with tribute. On gengzi day Wugu sent envoys with captives taken in Fulugu; their yilijin was granted banners and drums in recognition of the feat. On renyin day the Jurchen brought tribute. On xinhai day Molihumoli, envoy to the Uyghur Aslan, returned; he was rewarded with facing robes. On yimao day the Yalu River Jurchen sent envoys to attend court. In the third month, on wuchen day, envoys were sent to Jin to announce his tour to the Southern Capital. On jisi day he went to the Southern Capital. On xinwei day tixin Yelü Nieligude was ordered to lead ten thousand horsemen as vanguard. On renshen day he halted at Shiling; Xi King Raoguning and Military Commissioner Yinniyi, having failed to come promptly to audience, were sharply rebuked. On bingzi day Lubugu reported the number of Tangut captives taken. On guiwei day he hunted at Shuimen and took a white deer. On gengyin day an edict declared that retainers who harassed the people would be punished under military law. On jiawu day he visited Ji Prefecture. On yiwei day Jin and Southern Tang each sent envoys to attend court. That summer, in the fourth month on gengzi day, he reached Yan, marshaled the full imperial procession, entered through Gongchen Gate, took his seat in Yuanhe Hall, and performed the entering-the-palace-gate rite. On renyin day envoys were sent to Jin. On yisi day he visited the country villa of Garrison Commander Zhao Yanshou. On bingwu day Jin sent Xuanhui Commissioners Yang Duan, Wang Tiao, and others to inquire after his health. On renzi day he held court in the informal hall and feasted the Jin envoys and envoys from the tributary states. On bingchen day Jin sent envoys with tea and medicines. On renxu day he sat in Zhaoging Hall and feasted the ministers of the Southern Capital. On guihai day Jin sent envoys to congratulate him on the Dragon Boat Festival, and the festival gifts they brought were distributed among the ministers. On yichou day Southern Tang presented a white tortoise. In the fifth month, on gengwu day, he feasted his ministers and the envoys of every tributary state for the Dragon Boat Festival and had the Uyghur and Dunhuang ambassadors dance in their own styles so the rest might see them. On gengchen day Jin sent envoys with bows and arrows as tribute. On jiashen day he sent Prince Tiande and Acting Director of the Department of State Affairs Di Yonghe as envoys to Jin. On wuzi day he reviewed the cavalry in the southern suburb. At the yiwei new moon of the sixth month, Eastern Capital Chancellor Yelü Yuzhi reported that Bohai Chancellor Da Suxian had broken the law; an edict called on his staff and the people to nominate a worthy successor. On bingshen day he reviewed the infantry in the southern suburb. On gengzi day envoys from Jin and Kala Guzhi came to court. On renyin day the court left Yanjing; Zhongshu Ling Xiao Sengyin was ordered to assemble the armies of every circuit at Changzuo Camp. On guichou day the imperial train halted at Fengsheng Prefecture. On jiayin day he rewarded the troops. That autumn, in the seventh month, on jisi day, he hunted at Huadilie Mountain. On guiyou day he attended the Empress Dowager at court. On bingzi day he went with the Empress Dowager to visit the Human Sovereign King's consort, who lay ill. On wuyin day the Human Sovereign King's consort, née Xiao, died. On jimao day, with An Chongrong holding Zhen Prefecture in revolt against Jin, an edict ordered Southern Campaign General Liu Yan to strengthen the frontier. On bingxu day the Human Sovereign King's traveling palace was moved to the place where his consort had died. On xinmao day Jin sent envoys asking leave to sacrifice at the Southern Suburb; leave was granted. In the eighth month, on jihai day, an edict ordered the officials and people of Eastern Dan to mourn their king Bei's consort, née Xiao. On gengzi day Tlübu brought tribute. On renyin day envoys were sent to Southern Tang. On yisi day Tlübu, the Black Cart Shiwei, Zhenlie, and other states brought tribute. Southern Tang sent envoys asking for blue felt tents, and they were granted. On wushen day Anduan's private city was established as Baichuan Prefecture. On xinhai day Bigude's envoys asked for titles to be conferred, and they were granted the rank of chancellor of their state. On jiayin day Tlübu brought tribute again. On yimao day the official staff of Baichuan Prefecture was appointed. On bingchen day an edict granted land near the Yuhelili and Luchqu rivers as farmland to the Southern Court's Ojintulü and Yisibo, the Northern Court's Wennahala, and the Three Shilie clans. In the ninth month, on gengwu day, Palace Attendant Cui Qionggu said, "The Jin ruler has heard that Your Majesty hunts often and wishes to ask you to show restraint." The emperor replied, "My hunting is not mere diversion; it is training for war." An edict was then issued to explain this to Jin. On renwu day frontier commanders reported a victory over the Tuyuhun and the capture of their chieftain; an edict ordered that only the ringleaders and fighting men be executed; all the rest were released. On bingxu day Jin sent envoys with fine horses as tribute. On wuzi day the Jurchen and the King of Wuyue sent envoys bearing tribute. That winter, in the tenth month, on xinchou day, Kelang was sent to Wuyue and Lüegu to Southern Tang. On gengshen day Jin sent envoys with cloth and asked leave to sacrifice in person at Mount Heng; leave was granted. In the eleventh month, on jisi day, Southern Tang sent envoys with sealed wax-ball dispatches reporting Jin's secret affairs. On dingchou day an edict ordered the relevant offices to teach the people sowing and weaving. The law allowing a younger sister to succeed an elder sister in marriage after the elder's death was abolished. At the renchen new moon of the twelfth month he led the hundred officials to pay homage at the Taizu traveling palace. On jiawu day, when the burnt-offering rite was finished, sacrifice was performed at the spirit tent. On bingshen day envoys were sent to Jin. On bingchen day an edict ordered Khitan who received Han offices to follow Han ritual and permitted them to marry Han people. On dingsi day an edict ordered a Cool Hall built on the southwest wall of the Yanjing Imperial City. That winter the court encamped at San Dian.
14
四年春正月壬戌,以乙室、品卑、突軌三部鰥寡不能自存者,官為之配。 丙子,南唐遣使來貢。 庚辰,涅剌、烏隗部獻党項俘獲數。 己丑,詔定征党項功。 二月丙申,皇太子獲白獐。 甲辰,晉遣使進香藥。 丙子,鐵驪來貢。 丁巳,詔有司編《始祖奇首可汗事跡》。 己未,晉遣楊彥詢來貢。 且言鎮州安重榮跋扈狀,遂留不遣。 是月,晉鎮州安重榮執遼使者拽剌。
In the spring of the fourth year, on renxu day in the first month, widows and widowers of the Yishi, Pinbei, and Tugui Three Departments who could not support themselves were given spouses at state expense. On bingzi day Southern Tang sent envoys with tribute. On gengchen day the Niela and Wugui tribes presented captives from the Tangut campaign. On jichou day an edict fixed rewards for the campaign against the Tangut. In the second month, on bingshen day, the Crown Prince took a white roe deer. On jiachen day Jin sent envoys with fragrant medicines. On bingzi day Tieli brought tribute. On dingsi day an edict ordered the relevant offices to compile a Record of the Deeds of the Founding Ancestor Qishou Khan. On jiwei day Jin dispatched Yang Yancun with tribute. He also reported An Chongrong's arrogance at Zhen Prefecture, and Yang Yancun was detained and not sent home. That month An Chongrong of Zhen Prefecture in Jin seized the Liao envoy Zhuaila.
15
三月,特授回鶻使闊里于越,並賜旌旗、弓劍、衣馬,餘賜有差。 癸酉,晉以許祀南郊,遣使來謝,進黃金十鎰。 夏四月己卯,晉遣使進櫻桃。 五月庚辰,吐谷渾夷離堇蘇等叛入晉。 遣牒蠟往諭晉及太原守臣。 六月辛卯,振武軍節度副使趙崇逐其節度使耶律畫里,以朔州叛,附晉。 丙午,命宣徽使褭古只赴朔州,以兵圍其城,有晉使至,請開壁,即勿聽,驛送闕下。
In the third month the Uyghur envoy Kol Yuyue was specially appointed to office and given banners, flags, bow and sword, clothing and horses; other gifts were bestowed in varying measure. On guiyou day Jin, having been permitted to sacrifice at the Southern Suburb, sent envoys to give thanks and presented ten yi of gold. That summer, in the fourth month, on jimao day, Jin sent envoys with cherries. In the fifth month, on gengchen day, the Tuyuhun yilijin Su and others rebelled and fled into Jin. Dieliao was sent with sealed dispatches to instruct Jin and the garrison commanders at Taiyuan. In the sixth month, on xinmao day, Zhenwu Army Deputy Military Governor Zhao Chong drove out his military governor Yelü Huali and rebelled with Shuozhou, submitting to Jin. On bingwu day the court ordered Commissioner of the Palace Domestic Service Naogu Zhi to Shuozhou with troops to besiege the city; when a Jin envoy arrived and asked that the gates be opened, he was refused and sent under escort to the capital.
16
秋七月癸亥,南唐遣使奉蠟丸書。 丙寅,褭古只奏請遣使至朔令降,守者猶堅壁弗納。 且言晉有貢物。 命即以所貢物賜攻城將校。 己巳,有司奏神纛車有蜂巢成蜜,史占之,吉。 壬申,晉遣使進水晶硯。
That autumn, in the seventh month, on guihai day, Southern Tang sent envoys with sealed wax-ball dispatches. On bingyin day Naogu Zhi memorialized asking that an envoy be sent to Shuozhou to demand surrender; the defenders still held the walls and would not let him in. He also reported that Jin had sent tribute goods. An order was issued to give the tribute goods at once to the siege commanders. On jisi day the relevant offices reported that a beehive on the spirit-banner carriage had yielded honey; the diviner's reading was auspicious. On renshen day Jin sent envoys with crystal inkstones.
17
八月癸巳,南唐奉蠟丸書。 庚子,晉遣使進犀弓、竹矢。 吳越王遣使奉蠟丸書。
In the eighth month, on guisi day, Southern Tang sent wax-ball dispatches. On gengzi day Jin sent envoys with rhinoceros-horn bows and bamboo arrows. The King of Wuyue sent envoys with wax-ball dispatches.
18
九月壬申,有星孛于晉分。 丁丑,幸歸化州。
In the ninth month, on renshen day, a comet appeared in the Jin asterism. On dingchou day he traveled to Guihua Prefecture.
19
冬十月辛丑,有司奏燕、薊大熟。 癸卯,吳越王遣使來貢。
That winter, in the tenth month, on xinchou day, the relevant offices reported a great harvest in Yan and Ji. On guimao day the King of Wuyue sent envoys with tribute.
20
十一月丙寅,晉以討安重榮來告。 庚午,吐谷渾請降,遣使撫諭。 阻卜來貢,以其物賜左右。 丙子,鴨淥江女直來貢。 壬午,以永寧、天授二節及正旦、重午、冬至、臘並受賀,著令。
In the eleventh month, on bingyin day, Jin sent word that it was campaigning against An Chongrong. On gengwu day the Tuyuhun asked to submit; envoys were sent to reassure them. Tlübu brought tribute, and his gifts were given to the emperor's attendants. On bingzi day the Jurchen of the Yalu River brought tribute. On renwu day an edict established that the Yongning and Tianshou festivals, together with New Year's Day, the Double Fifth, the Winter Solstice, and the la sacrifice day, were all occasions for receiving congratulations.
21
十二月戊子,晉遣使來告山南節度使安從進反。 詔以便宜討之。 庚寅,南唐遣使奉蠟丸書。 戊戌,晉遣王升鸞來貢。 戊申,晉以敗安重榮來告,遂遣楊彥詢歸。 辛亥,晉遣使乞罷戍兵,詔惕隱朔古班師。 甲寅,攻拔朔州,遣控鶴指揮使諧里勞軍。 時褭古只戰歿城下,上怒,命誅城中丁壯,仍以叛民上戶三十為褭古只部曲。
In the twelfth month, on wuzi day, Jin sent envoys reporting that Shannan Military Governor An Congjin had rebelled. An edict ordered that he be subdued as circumstances allowed. On gengyin day Southern Tang sent envoys with wax-ball dispatches. On wuxu day Jin dispatched Wang Shengluan with tribute. On wushen day Jin reported the defeat of An Chongrong, and Yang Yancun was then sent home. On xinhai day Jin sent envoys asking that the garrison troops be withdrawn; an edict ordered Tiyi Shuogu to withdraw his army. On jiayin day Shuozhou was taken by storm; Commissioner of the Crane Controllers Heli was sent to reward the troops. Naogu Zhi had by then fallen in battle beneath the walls; the emperor was furious and ordered the able-bodied men of the city put to death, and thirty leading rebel households were assigned as Naogu Zhi's retainers.
22
五年春正月丙辰朔,上在歸化州,御行殿受群臣朝。 以諸道貢物進太后及賜宗室百僚。 戊午,詔求直言,北王府郎君耶律海思應詔,召對稱旨,特授宣徽使。 詔政事令僧隱等以契丹戶分屯南邊。 戊辰,晉函安重榮首來獻。 上數欲親討重榮,至是乃止。 癸酉,遣使使晉。 是月,晉以朔州平,遣使來賀,遂遣客省使耶律化哥使晉,並致生辰禮。 二月壬辰,上將南幸,以諸路有未平者,召太子及群臣議,皆曰:「今襄、鎮、朔三州雖已平,然吐谷渾為安重榮所誘,猶未歸命,宜發兵討之,以警諸部。」 上曰:「正與朕合。」 遂詔以明王隈恩代于越信恩為西南路招討使以討之,且諭明王宜先練習邊事,而後之官。 甲午,如南京。 遣使使晉索吐谷渾叛者。 乙未,鼻骨德來貢。 三月乙卯朔,晉遣齊州防禦使宋暉業、翰林茶酒使張言來問起居。 閏月,駐蹕陽門。 夏四月甲寅朔,鐵驪來貢,以其物分賜群臣。 丙子,晉遣使進射柳鞍馬。 五月五日戊子,禁屠宰。 六月癸丑朔,晉齊王重貴遣使來貢。 丁巳,徒睹古、素撒來貢。 乙丑,晉主敬瑭殂,子重貴立。 戊辰,晉遣使告哀,輟朝七日。 庚午,遣使往晉弔祭。 丁丑,聞皇太后不豫,上馳入侍,湯藥必親嘗。 仍告太祖廟,幸菩薩堂,飯僧五萬人。 七月乃愈。 秋七月庚寅,晉遣金吾衛大將軍梁言、判四方館事朱崇節來謝,書稱孫,不稱臣,遣客省使喬榮讓之。 景延廣答曰:「先帝則聖朝所立,今主則我國自冊。 為鄰為孫則可,奉表稱臣則不可。」 榮還,具奏之,上始有南伐之意。 辛卯,阻卜、鼻骨德、烏古來貢。 將軍闥德里、蒲骨等率降將轄德至闕,並獻所獲。 丁未,晉遣使以祖母哀來告。 八月辛酉,女直、阻卜、烏古各貢方物。 甲子,晉復襄州。 戊辰,詔河東節度使劉知遠送叛臣烏古指揮使由燕京赴闕。 癸酉,遣天城軍節度使蕭拜石弔祭于晉。 九月壬辰,遣使賀晉帝嗣位。 冬十月己巳,征諸道兵。 遣將軍密骨德伐党項。 十一月乙未,武定軍奏松生棗。 十二月癸亥,晉遣使來謝。 是冬,駐蹕赤城。 六年春二月乙卯,晉遣使進先帝遺物。 辛酉,晉遣使請居汴,從之。 三月己卯朔,吳越王遣使來貢。 甲申,梅里喘引來歸。 戊子,南唐遣使奉蠟丸書。 丁未,晉至汴,遣使來謝。 夏四月戊申朔,日有食之。 五月己亥,遣使如晉致生辰禮。 六月丁未朔,鐵驪來貢。 己未,奚鋤骨里部進白麝。 辛酉,莫州進白鵲。 晉遣使貢金。 秋八月丁未朔,晉復貢金。 己未,如奉聖州。 晉遣其子延煦來朝。 冬十一月辛卯,上京留守耶律迪輦得晉諜,知有二心。 甲辰,鐵驪來貢。 十二月丁未,如南京,議伐晉。 命趙延壽、趙延昭、安端、解里等由滄、恆、易、定分道而進,大軍繼之。 是歲,楊彥昭請移鎮奈濼及新鎮,從之。
In the spring of the fifth year, at the bingchen new moon of the first month, the emperor was at Guihua Prefecture and received the ministers' obeisance from the traveling hall. Tribute goods from every circuit were presented to the Empress Dowager and bestowed on the imperial clan and the hundred officials. On wuwu day an edict called for frank counsel; Yelü Haisi, a gentleman of the Northern Prince's household, answered the summons, and when summoned to audience his replies pleased the emperor; he was specially appointed Commissioner of the Palace Domestic Service. An edict ordered Chancellor Sengyin and others to distribute Khitan households in garrison settlements along the southern frontier. On wuchen day Jin sent An Chongrong's head in a casket as tribute. The emperor had many times wished to take the field personally against Chongrong; only now did he give up the plan. On guiyou day envoys were sent to Jin. That month, with Shuozhou pacified, Jin sent envoys to offer congratulations; the court then dispatched Guest Reception Commissioner Yelü Huage to Jin and also to present birthday gifts. In the second month, on renchen day, as the emperor was about to travel south, with several circuits still unsettled, he summoned the Crown Prince and his ministers to discuss the matter; all said, "Though Xiang, Zhen, and Shuo are pacified, the Tuyuhun, led astray by An Chongrong, have not yet submitted; troops should be sent to chastise them and warn the other tribes." The emperor said, "That is exactly my own view." An edict thereupon appointed Prince Ming Weien to replace Yuyue Xinen as Southwest Route Campaign Commissioner to attack them, and the Prince of Ming was told to drill first in frontier affairs before taking up the post. On jiawu day he traveled to Nanjing. He sent envoys to Jin demanding the surrender of the Tuyuhun rebels. On yiwei day the Biegude brought tribute. On the yimao new moon of the third month Jin sent Qi Prefecture defense commissioner Song Huiye and Hanlin tea-and-wine commissioner Zhang Yan to inquire after the Emperor's health. In the intercalary month he encamped at Yang Gate. That summer, on the jiayin new moon of the fourth month, the Iron Li brought tribute, and their gifts were divided among the ministers. On bingzi day Jin sent envoys bearing saddles and horses for willow-shoot archery. On the Double Fifth, wuzi day, slaughter was forbidden. On the guichou new moon of the sixth month Jin's Prince of Qi, Chonggui, sent envoys with tribute. On dingsi day Tudu and Susa came with tribute. On yichou day Jin's emperor Jingtang died, and his son Chonggui took the throne. On wuchen day Jin sent envoys announcing the mourning; court levees were suspended for seven days. On gengwu day envoys were sent to Jin to offer condolences and sacrifice. On dingchou day, hearing the Grand Empress Dowager was ill, the Emperor rushed in to wait on her and personally tasted every dose of medicine. He also reported at Emperor Taizu's temple, visited the Bodhisattva Hall, and fed fifty thousand monks. In the seventh month she recovered. In the seventh autumn month, on gengyin day, Jin sent Golden Wield Guard senior general Liang Yan and Four Quarters Bureau commissioner Zhu Chongjie to offer thanks; their letter styled the Emperor as grandson but not as subject, and Guest Reception commissioner Qiao Rong was dispatched to rebuke them. Jing Yanguang answered, "The former emperor was enthroned by your holy court; the present ruler was invested by our own state. As neighbor and as grandson is acceptable; submitting memorials that call oneself subject is not. Qiao Rong returned and reported everything; the Emperor first conceived the plan of a southern campaign. On xinmao day the Zubu, Biegude, and Wugu all brought tribute. Generals Tadali, Pugu, and others led the surrendered general Xiade to court and presented what they had taken. On dingwei day Jin sent envoys announcing mourning for their grand empress dowager. On xinyou day in the eighth month the Jurchen, Zubu, and Wugu each presented local products. On jiazi day Jin recovered Xiang Prefecture. On wuchen day an edict ordered Hedong military governor Liu Zhiyuan to send the rebel Wugu commander to court by way of Yanjing. On guiyou day Tiancheng Army military governor Xiao Baishi was sent to Jin to offer condolences and sacrifice. On renchen day in the ninth month envoys were dispatched to congratulate the Jin emperor on his succession. That winter, in the tenth month, on jisi day, troops were levied from every circuit. General Migude was dispatched to campaign against the Tangut. On yiwei day in the eleventh month Wuding Army reported pines bearing dates. On guihai day in the twelfth month Jin sent envoys to express thanks. That winter he encamped at Chicheng. In the sixth year, in the second spring month, on yimao day, Jin sent envoys presenting the late emperor's personal effects. On xinyou day Jin sent envoys asking to move the court to Bian; the request was granted. On the jimao new moon of the third month the King of Wuyue sent envoys with tribute. On jiashen day Melichuanyin came to submit. On wuzi day Southern Tang sent envoys bearing a wax-sealed letter. On dingwei day Jin reached Bian, and envoys were sent to express thanks. That summer, on the wushen new moon of the fourth month, there was a solar eclipse. On jihai day in the fifth month envoys were sent to Jin with birthday gifts. On the dingwei new moon of the sixth month the Iron Li brought tribute. On jiwei day the Xi Chuguli tribe presented white musk deer. On xinyou day Mo Prefecture presented a white magpie. Jin sent envoys presenting gold. In the eighth autumn month, on the dingwei new moon, Jin again presented gold. On jiwei day he went to Fengsheng Prefecture. Jin sent his son Yanshu to court. That winter, in the eleventh month, on xinmao day, Supreme Capital garrison commander Yelü Dielian captured a Jin spy and learned that Jin was of two minds. On jiachen day the Iron Li brought tribute. On dingwei day in the twelfth month he went to Nanjing to plan an attack on Jin. Zhao Yanzhou, Zhao Yanzhao, Anduan, Jieli, and others were ordered to advance by separate routes through Cang, Heng, Yi, and Ding, with the main army following after. That year Yang Yanzhao asked to be transferred to garrison Nailuo and the new garrison, and the request was granted.
23
七年春正月甲戌朔,趙延壽、延昭率前鋒五萬騎次任丘。 丙子,安端入雁門,圍忻、代。 己卯,趙延壽圍貝州,其軍校邵珂開南門納遼兵,太守吳巒投井死。 己丑,次元城,授延壽魏、博等州節度使,封魏王,率所部屯南樂。 丙申,遣兵攻黎陽,晉張彥澤來拒。 辛丑,晉遣使來修舊好,詔割河北諸州,及遣桑維翰、景延廣來議。
In the seventh year, on the jiaxu new moon of the first spring month, Zhao Yanzhou and Yanzhao led fifty thousand vanguard horsemen to camp at Renqiu. On bingzi day Anduan entered Yanmen Pass and besieged Xin and Dai. On jimao day Zhao Yanzhou besieged Bei Prefecture; army officer Shao Ke opened the south gate to admit Liao troops, and prefect Wu Luan threw himself into a well and died. On jichou day he halted at Yuancheng, made Yanzhou military governor of Wei, Bo, and other prefectures, enfeoffed him as Prince of Wei, and had him lead his command to camp at Nanle. On bingshen day troops were sent to attack Liyang; Jin's Zhang Yanzhe came out to resist. On xinchou day Jin sent envoys seeking to restore the old friendship; an edict ceded the Hebei prefectures and ordered Sang Weihan and Jing Yanguang to come and negotiate.
24
二月甲辰朔,攻博州,剌史周儒以城降。 晉平盧軍節度使楊光遠密道遼師自馬家口濟河。 晉將景延廣命石斌守麻家口,白再榮守馬家口。 未幾,周儒引遼軍麻答營于河東,攻鄆州北津,以應光遠。 晉遣李守貞、皇甫遇、梁漢璋、薛懷讓將兵萬人,緣河水陸俱進。 遼軍圍晉別將於戚城,晉主自將救之,遼師解去。 守貞等至馬家口,麻答遣步卒萬人築營壘,騎兵萬人守于外,餘兵屯河西。 渡未已,晉兵薄之,遼軍不利。
On the jiachen new moon of the second month Bozhou was attacked, and prefect Zhou Ru surrendered the city. Jin's Pinglu Army military governor Yang Guangyuan secretly guided Liao forces across the river at Ma Family Pass. Jin general Jing Yanguang ordered Shi Bin to hold Majia Pass and Bai Zairong to hold Ma Family Pass. Before long Zhou Ru guided Liao troops under Mada to camp east of the river and attack the north ford of Yan Prefecture, to coordinate with Guangyuan. Jin dispatched Li Shouzhen, Huangfu Yu, Liang Hanzhang, and Xue Huairang with ten thousand men, advancing by land and water along the river. Liao troops besieged a Jin detached commander at Qicheng; the Jin emperor personally led troops to the rescue, and the Liao army withdrew. Shouzhen and the others reached Ma Family Pass; Mada sent ten thousand foot soldiers to build ramparts, ten thousand cavalry to guard outside, and stationed the rest west of the river. Before the crossing was finished Jin troops pressed them hard, and the Liao army fared badly.
25
三月癸酉朔,趙延壽言:「晉諸軍沿河置柵,皆畏怯不敢戰。 若率大兵直抵澶淵,據其橋梁,晉必可取。」 是日,晉兵駐澶淵,其前軍高行周在戚城。 乃命延壽、延昭以數萬騎出行周右,上以精兵出其左。 戰至暮,上復以勁騎突其中軍,晉軍不能戰。 會有諜者言晉軍東面數少,沿河城柵不固,乃急擊其東偏,眾皆奔潰。 縱兵追及,遂大敗之。 壬午,留趙延昭守貝州,徙所俘戶于內地。 夏四月癸丑,還次南京。 辛未,如涼陘。 五月癸酉,耶律拔里得奏破德州,擒刺史尹居璠及將吏二十七人。
On the guiyou new moon of the third month Zhao Yanzhou said, "Jin's armies have set palisades along the river and are all too fearful to fight. If we lead the main force straight to Chanyuan and seize its bridges, Jin can surely be taken. That day Jin troops were encamped at Chanyuan, with their vanguard Gao Xingzhou at Qicheng. Zhao Yanzhou and Yanzhao were then ordered to take tens of thousands of horsemen around Xingzhou's right, while the Emperor with picked troops struck on the left. They fought until dusk; the Emperor again sent strong cavalry to charge the Jin center, and the Jin army could not stand. A spy reported that Jin's eastern numbers were few and the riverine palisades weak; they pressed the eastern flank hard, and the masses broke and fled. Cavalry was loosed in pursuit, and Jin was utterly routed. On renwu day Zhao Yanzhao was left to hold Bei Prefecture, and captured households were moved into the interior. That summer, in the fourth month, on guichou day, he returned and halted at Nanjing. On xinwei day he went to Liang Pass. On guiyou day in the fifth month Yelü Balide reported that Dezhou had been taken and prefect Yin Juhan and twenty-seven officers and officials captured.
26
六月甲辰,黑車子室來貢。 乙巳,紝沒里、要里等國來貢。 秋七月己卯,晉楊光遠遣人奉蠟丸書。 辛卯,晉遣張暉奉表乞和,留暉不遣。 八月辛酉,回鶻遣使請婚,不許。 是月,晉鎮州兵來襲飛狐,大同軍節度使耶律孔阿戰敗之。 九月庚午朔,北幸。 冬十月丁未,鼻骨德來貢。 壬戌,天授節,諸國進賀,惟晉不至。
On jiachen day in the sixth month the Black Cart Shiwei brought tribute. On yisi day Renmeili, Yaoli, and other states came with tribute. In the seventh autumn month, on jimao day, Jin's Yang Guangyuan sent men bearing a wax-sealed letter. On xinmao day Jin sent Zhang Hui with a memorial begging peace; Hui was detained and not sent back. On xinyou day in the eighth month the Uighur sent envoys requesting marriage; the request was denied. That month Jin troops from Zhen Prefecture raided Feihu; Datong Army military governor Yelü Kong'a defeated them. On the gengwu new moon of the ninth month he proceeded north on tour. That winter, in the tenth month, on dingwei day, the Biegude brought tribute. On renxu day, at the Tianshou festival, the various states came to offer congratulations; only Jin did not come.
27
十一月壬申,詔征諸道兵,以閏月朔會溫榆河北。
On renshen day in the eleventh month an edict levied troops from every circuit to assemble north of the Wenyu River on the intercalary month's new moon.
28
十二月癸卯,南伐。 甲子,次古北口。 閏月己巳朔,閱諸道兵于溫榆河。 己卯,圍恆州,下其九縣。
On guimao day in the twelfth month the southern campaign was launched. On jiazi day he halted at Gubei Pass. On the jisi new moon of the intercalary month troops from every circuit were reviewed at the Wenyu River. On jimao day Heng Prefecture was besieged and its nine counties were taken.
29
八年春正月庚子,分兵攻邢、洺、磁三州,殺掠殆盡。 入鄴都境。 張從恩、馬全節、安審琦兵悉陳于相州安陽水之南。 皇甫遇與濮州刺史慕容彥超將兵千騎來覘遼軍。 至鄴都,遇遼軍數萬,且戰且卻,至榆林店。 遼軍繼至,遇與彥超力戰百餘合,遇馬斃,步戰,審琦引騎兵逾水以救,遼軍乃還。 二月,圍魏,晉將杜重威率兵來救。 戊子,晉將折從阮陷勝州。 三月戊戌,師拔祁州,殺其刺史沈斌。 庚子,杜重威、李守貞攻泰州。 戊子,趙延壽率前鋒薄泰城。 己未,重威、守貞引兵南遁,追至陽城,大敗之。 復以步卒為方陣來拒,與戰二十餘合。 壬戌,復搏戰十餘里。 癸亥,圍晉兵于白團衛村。 晉兵下鹿角為營。 是夕大風。 至曙,命鐵鷂軍下馬,拔其鹿角,奮短兵入擊。 順風縱火揚塵,以助其勢。 晉軍大呼曰:「都招討何不用兵,令士卒徒死!」 諸將皆奮出戰。 張彥澤、藥元福、皇甫遇出兵大戰,諸將繼至,遼軍卻數百步。 風益甚,晝晦如夜。 符彥卿以萬騎橫擊遼軍,率步卒並進,遼軍不利。 上乘奚車退十餘里,晉追兵急,獲一橐駝乘之乃歸。 晉兵退保定州。 夏四月甲申,還次南京,杖戰不力者各數百。 庚寅,宴將士于元和殿。 癸巳,如涼陘。 六月戊辰,回鶻來貢。 辛未,吐谷渾、鼻骨德皆來貢。 辛巳,黑車子室韋來貢。 丁亥,趙延壽奏晉兵襲高陽,戍將擊走之。 秋七月乙卯,獵平地松林。 晉遣孟守中奉表請和,仍以前事答之。 八月己巳,詔侍衛蕭素撒閱群牧于北陘。 九月壬寅,次赤山,宴從臣,問軍國要務,對曰:「軍國之務,愛民為本。 民富則兵足,兵足則國強。」 上以為然。 辛酉,還上京。 冬十月辛未,祠木葉山。 十一月戊戌,女直、鐵驪來貢。 十二月癸亥朔,朝謁太祖行宮。 乙丑,雲州節度使耶律孔阿獲晉諜者。 戊辰,臘,賜諸國貢使衣馬。
In the eighth year, on gengzi day in the first spring month, forces were divided to attack Xing, Ming, and Ci prefectures, killing and looting almost without limit. They entered the territory of Yedu. Zhang Cong'en, Ma Quanjie, and An Shenqi drew up all their forces south of the Anyang River at Xiang Prefecture. Huangfu Yu and Puzhou prefect Murong Yanchao led a thousand horsemen to scout the Liao army. Reaching Yedu they met tens of thousands of Liao troops; fighting as they fell back, they reached Yulin Inn. Liao troops pressed after them; Yu and Yanchao fought strenuously for more than a hundred rounds; Yu's horse was killed and he fought on foot; Shenqi led cavalry across the river to the rescue, and the Liao army withdrew. In the second month Wei was besieged; Jin general Du Chongwei led troops to the rescue. On wuzi day Jin general Zhe Congruan captured Sheng Prefecture. In the third month, on wuxu day, the army captured Qi Prefecture and killed its prefect Shen Bin. On gengzi day Du Chongwei and Li Shouzhen attacked Tai Prefecture. On wuzi day Zhao Yanshou led the vanguard to press close to Tai city. On jiwei day Chongwei and Shouzhen led their troops in flight south; pursuers caught them at Yangcheng and inflicted a great defeat. They again formed foot soldiers into square battle lines to resist, and the two sides fought for more than twenty rounds. On renxu day they fought again for more than ten li. On guihai day Jin troops were besieged at Baituanwei Village. Jin troops set down antler palisades and encamped. That evening a great wind rose. At dawn the Emperor ordered the Iron Hawk corps to dismount, pull up the antler palisades, and charge in with short weapons. With the wind at their backs they set fires and raised dust to strengthen their attack. Jin troops shouted aloud, "Supreme commander, why do you not commit your forces and let the soldiers die for nothing!" All the generals eagerly sallied forth to fight. Zhang Yanze, Yao Yuanfu, and Huangfu Yu led troops out in a great battle; other generals followed in turn, and the Liao army was driven back several hundred paces. The wind grew fiercer still, and daylight turned dark as night. Fu Yanqing with ten thousand horsemen struck the Liao army from the flank and led foot soldiers forward together; the Liao army fared badly. The Emperor rode in a Xi chariot and withdrew more than ten li; Jin pursuers pressed hard, so he seized a camel, mounted it, and returned. Jin troops withdrew to Baoding Prefecture. That summer, in the fourth month, on jiashen day, he returned and halted at Nanjing; several hundred men who had fought poorly were flogged. On gengyin day he feasted the commanders and soldiers in the Hall of Primordial Harmony. On guisi day he went to Liang Pass. In the sixth month, on wuchen day, the Uighur brought tribute. On xinwei day the Tuyuhun and Biegude both brought tribute. On xinsi day the Black Cart Shiwei brought tribute. On dinghai day Zhao Yanshou reported that Jin troops had raided Gaoyang and that the garrison had driven them off. In the seventh autumn month, on yimao day, he hunted at Pingdi Pine Forest. Jin dispatched Meng Shouzhong bearing a memorial requesting peace, and the Emperor answered as he had before. In the eighth month, on jisi day, an edict ordered Imperial Guard Xiao Susa to inspect the herds at North Pass. In the ninth month, on renyin day, he halted at Red Mountain, feasted his attendant ministers, and asked about matters vital to army and state; they answered, "In matters of army and state, loving the people is fundamental. When the people are rich the army is sufficient; when the army is sufficient the state is strong." The Emperor agreed. On xinyou day he returned to the Supreme Capital. That winter, in the tenth month, on xinwei day, he sacrificed at Mount Muye. In the eleventh month, on wuxu day, the Jurchen and Iron Li brought tribute. On the guihai new moon of the twelfth month he paid court at Emperor Taizu's traveling palace. On yichou day Yun Prefecture military governor Yelü Kong'a captured a Jin spy. On wuchen day, at the La festival, robes and horses were bestowed on tribute envoys from the various states.
30
九年春正月庚子,回鶻來貢。 丁未,女直來貢。
In the ninth year, in the first spring month, on gengzi day, the Uighur brought tribute. On dingwei day the Jurchen brought tribute.
31
二月戊辰,鼻骨德奏軍籍。 三月乙亥,吐谷渾遣軍校恤烈獻生口千戶,授恤烈檢校司空。
In the second month, on wuchen day, the Biegude submitted military registers. In the third month, on yihai day, the Tuyuhun sent military officer Xulie presenting a thousand captive households, and Xulie was appointed acting Minister of Works.
32
夏四月辛酉朔,吐谷渾白可久來附。 是月,如涼陘。
That summer, on the xinyou new moon of the fourth month, Tuyuhun Bokejiu came to submit. That month he went to Liang Pass.
33
五月庚戌,晉易州戍將孫方簡請內附。
In the fifth month, on gengxu day, Jin's Yizhou garrison commander Sun Fangjian asked to defect inward.
34
六月戊子,謁祖陵,更閟神殿為長思。 秋七月辛亥,詔征諸道兵,敢傷禾稼者,以軍法論。 癸丑,女直來貢。 乙卯,以阻卜酋長曷剌為本部夷離堇。 八月丙寅,烏古來貢。 是月,自將南伐。
In the sixth month, on wuzi day, he visited the ancestral tombs and renamed Bisi Hall Longsi. In the seventh autumn month, on xinhai day, an edict levied troops from every circuit; anyone who dared harm standing grain would be punished by military law. On guichou day the Jurchen brought tribute. On yimao day Zubu chieftain Ela was made tribal chief of his own branch. In the eighth month, on bingyin day, the Wugu brought tribute. That month the Emperor personally led a southern campaign.
35
九月壬辰,閱諸道兵于漁陽西棗林淀。 是月,趙延壽與晉張彥澤戰于定州,敗之。
In the ninth month, on renchen day, troops from every circuit were reviewed at Zhaolin Marsh west of Yuyang. That month Zhao Yanshou fought Jin's Zhang Yanze at Ding Prefecture and defeated him.
36
冬十一月戊子朔,進圍鎮州。 丙申,先遣候騎報晉兵至,遣精兵斷河橋,晉兵退保武強。 南院大王迪輦、將軍高模翰分兵由瀛州間道以進,杜重威遣貝州節度使梁漢璋率眾來拒。 與戰,大敗之,殺梁漢璋。 杜重威、張彥澤引兵據中渡橋,趙延壽以步卒前擊,高彥溫以騎兵乘之,追奔逐北,殭屍數萬,斬其將王清,宋彥筠墮水死。 重威等退保中渡寨。 義武軍節度使李殷以城降,遂進兵,夾滹沱而營。 去中渡寨三里,分兵圍之。 夜則列騎環守,晝則出兵抄掠。 覆命大內惕隱耶律朔骨里及趙延壽分兵圍守,自將騎卒夜渡河出其後。 攻下欒城,降騎卒數千。 分遣將士據其要害。 於是軍中預備軍食,三日不得舉煙火,但獲晉人,即黥而縱之。 諸饋運見者皆棄而走。 於是晉兵內外隔絕,食盡勢窮。
That winter, on the wuzi new moon of the eleventh month, he advanced to besiege Zhen Prefecture. On bingshen day scouts were sent ahead reporting that Jin troops had arrived; picked troops were dispatched to cut the river bridge, and Jin troops withdrew to hold Wuqiang. Southern Court Great King Dielian and general Gao Mohan divided their forces and advanced by secret routes through Ying Prefecture; Du Chongwei dispatched Bei Prefecture military governor Liang Hanzhang with a host to resist. They gave battle, inflicted a great defeat, and killed Liang Hanzhang. Du Chongwei and Zhang Yanze led troops to hold Zhongdu Bridge; Zhao Yanshou struck ahead with foot soldiers and Gao Yanwen pressed with cavalry; pursuing the fleeing enemy, corpses numbered in the tens of thousands; Jin general Wang Qing was beheaded and Song Yanjun drowned. Chongwei and the others withdrew to hold Zhongdu stockade. Yiwu Army military governor Li Yin surrendered the city; the army then advanced and encamped on both sides of the Hutuo. Three li from Zhongdu stockade they divided forces to besiege it. By night cavalry was arrayed in a ring guard; by day troops were sent out to raid. He further ordered Inner Court chief minister Yelü Shuoguli and Zhao Yanshou to divide forces for siege and guard, while he personally led horsemen to cross the river by night and come up behind them. Luancheng was taken and several thousand mounted soldiers surrendered. Officers and soldiers were sent forth separately to hold the critical points. Thereupon the army prepared provisions; for three days no smoke or fire was permitted; whenever a Jin man was captured he was tattooed and released. All supply convoys that saw this abandoned their loads and fled. Thereupon Jin troops were cut off inside and out; provisions were exhausted and their situation desperate.
37
十二月丙寅,杜重威、李守貞、張彥澤等率所部二十萬眾來降。 上擁數萬騎,臨大阜,立馬以受之。 授重威守太傅、鄴都留守,守貞天平軍節度使,餘各領舊職。 分降卒之半付重威,半以隸趙延壽。 命御史大夫解里、監軍傅桂兒、張彥澤持詔入汴,諭晉帝母李氏,以安其意,且召桑維翰、景延廣先來。 留騎兵千人守魏,自率大軍而南。 壬申,解里等至汴,晉帝重貴素服拜命,輿母李氏奉表請罪。 初,重貴絕和好,維翰數諫止之,不從,至是彥澤殺維翰,紿言自經死。 詔收葬之,復其田園第宅,仍厚恤其家。 甲戌,彥澤遷重貴及其母若妻于開封府署,以控鶴指揮使李榮督兵衛之。 壬午,次赤岡。 重貴舉族出封丘門,稿索牽羊以待。 上不忍臨視,命改館封禪寺。 晉百官縞衣紗帽,俯伏待罪。 上曰:「其主負恩,其臣何罪。」 命領職如故,即授安叔千金吾衛上將軍。 叔千出班獨立,上曰:「汝邢州之請,朕所不忘。」 乃加鎮國軍節度使,蓋在邢嘗密請內附也。 將軍康祥執景延廣來獻,詔以牙籌數其罪,凡八,縶送都,道自殺。
In the twelfth month, on bingyin day, Du Chongwei, Li Shouzhen, Zhang Yanze, and others led two hundred thousand men under their command to surrender. The Emperor with tens of thousands of horsemen came to a great knoll, halted his horse, and received their surrender. Chongwei was appointed acting Grand Mentor and Yedu garrison commander; Shouzhen was made Tianping Army military governor; the rest kept their former posts. Half the surrendered soldiers were given to Chongwei and half assigned to Zhao Yanshou. He ordered Censor-in-Chief Jieli, army inspector Fu Gui'er, and Zhang Yanze to carry the edict into Bian, explain matters to the Jin emperor's mother Lady Li to reassure her, and summon Sang Weihan and Jing Yanguang to come first. A thousand horsemen were left to hold Wei while he personally led the great army south. On renshen day Jieli and the others reached Bian; Jin emperor Chonggui in plain robes accepted the command and conveyed his mother Lady Li presenting a memorial begging forgiveness. Initially Chonggui had severed the peace; Weihan repeatedly remonstrated and was not heeded; now Yanze killed Weihan and falsely claimed he had hanged himself. An edict ordered his burial and restoration of his fields, gardens, and mansion, with generous relief to his family. On jiaxu day Yanze moved Chonggui and his mother and wife to the Kaifeng prefectural office; Control Crane director Li Rong was ordered to supervise troops guarding them. On renwu day he halted at Red Knoll. Chonggui led his entire clan out through Fengqiu Gate, with straw ropes and a sheep in hand, waiting in submission. The Emperor could not bear to look upon it and ordered him lodged instead at Fengchan Temple. Jin's hundred officials in white mourning cloth and gauze caps prostrated themselves awaiting judgment. The Emperor said, "Their lord betrayed favor; what crime have his ministers committed?" He ordered them to keep their posts as before and immediately appointed An Shuqi Golden Wield Guard senior general. Shuqi stepped forward alone from the ranks; the Emperor said, "Your petition at Xing Prefecture I have not forgotten." He was further made Zhenguo Army military governor, for at Xing he had once secretly requested to defect inward. General Kang Xiang seized Jing Yanguang and brought him in; an edict counted his crimes with tally sticks, eight in all; he was bound and sent to the capital and killed himself on the road.
38
大同元年春正月丁亥朔,備法駕入汴,御崇元殿受百官賀。 戊子,以樞密副使劉敏權知開封府,殺秦繼旻、李彥紳及鄭州防禦使楊承勛,以其弟承信為平盧軍節度使,襲父爵。 初,楊光遠在青州求內附,其子承勛不聽,殺其判官丘濤及弟承祚等自歸於晉,故誅之。 己丑,以張彥澤擅徙重貴開封,殺桑維翰,縱兵大掠,不道,斬於市。 晉人臠食之。 辛卯,降重貴為崇祿大夫、檢校太尉,封負義侯。 癸巳,以張礪為平章事,晉李崧為樞密使,馮道為太傅,和凝為翰林學士,趙瑩為太子太保,劉昫守太保,馮玉為太子少保。 癸卯,遣趙瑩、馮玉、李彥韜將三百騎送負義侯及其母李氏、太妃安氏、妻馮氏、弟重睿、子延煦、延寶等于黃龍府安置。 仍以其宮女五十人、內宦三人、東西班五十人、醫官一人、控鶴四人、庖丁七人、茶酒司三人、儀鸞三人、健卒十人從之。 二月丁巳朔,建國號大遼,大赦,改元大同。 升鎮州為中京。 以趙延壽為大丞相兼政事令、樞密使、中京留守,中外官僚將士爵賞有差。 辛未,河東節度使北平王劉知遠自立為帝,國號漢。 詔以耿崇美為昭義軍節度使,高唐英為昭德軍節度使,崔廷勛為河陽軍節度使,分據要地。
In the first year of Datong, on the dinghai new moon of the first spring month, the full imperial procession entered Bian; he ascended the Hall of August Primacy to receive congratulations from the hundred officials. On wuzi day Deputy Palace Secretariat Liu Min was made acting Kaifeng prefect; Qin Jimin, Li Yanphen, and Zheng Prefecture defense commissioner Yang Chengzhun were executed; his younger brother Chengxin was made Pinglu Army military governor, succeeding to his father's title. Initially Yang Guangyuan at Qingzhou had sought to defect inward; his son Chengzhun refused to listen, killed his aide Qiutao and his younger brother Chengzuo and the like and submitted to Jin on his own, hence the execution. On jichou day, because Zhang Yanze had on his own authority moved Chonggui to Kaifeng, killed Sang Weihan, and let his troops plunder greatly, behaving without the Way, he was beheaded in the marketplace. Jin people cut his flesh and ate it. On xinmao day Chonggui was demoted to Grand Master for Splendid Happiness and acting Grand Commandant, enfeoffed as Marquis who Betrayed Right. On guisi day Zhang Li was made Grand Counselor; Jin's Li Song was made Palace Secretariat commissioner; Feng Dao was made Grand Mentor; He Ning was made Hanlin Academician; Zhao Ying was made Grand Mentor of the Heir Apparent; Liu Xu was appointed acting Grand Mentor; Feng Yu was made Junior Mentor of the Heir Apparent. On guimao day Zhao Ying, Feng Yu, and Li Yantao were dispatched with three hundred horsemen to escort the Marquis who Betrayed Right and his mother Lady Li, consort Lady An, wife Lady Feng, younger brother Chongrui, sons Yanshu and Yanbao, and others to Huanglong Prefecture for settlement. Fifty palace women, three inner eunuchs, fifty men of the eastern and western shifts, one medical officer, four Control Crane guards, seven cooks, three tea-and-wine bureau officers, three ceremonial guards, and ten stout soldiers were sent to accompany them. On the dingsi new moon of the second month the state name Great Liao was established, a general amnesty was proclaimed, and the era name Datong was adopted. Zhen Prefecture was elevated to Central Capital. Zhao Yanshou was made Grand Chancellor concurrently Director of Affairs, Palace Secretariat commissioner, and Central Capital garrison commander; civil and military officers and soldiers received titles and rewards in varying degrees. On xinwei day Hedong military governor, Prince of Beiping Liu Zhiyuan declared himself emperor; his state name was Han. An edict appointed Geng Chongmei Zhao-Yi Army military governor, Gao Tangying Zhaode Army military governor, and Cui Tingxun Heyang Army military governor to hold critical points respectively.
39
三月丙戌朔,以蕭翰為宣武軍節度使,賜將吏爵賞有差。 壬寅,晉諸司僚吏、嬪御、宦寺、方技、百工、圖籍、歷象、石經、銅人、明堂刻漏、太常樂譜、諸宮縣、鹵簿、法物及鎧仗,悉送上京。 磁州帥梁暉以相州降漢,己酉,命高唐英討之。 夏四月丙辰朔,發自汴州,以馮道、李崧、和凝、李浣、徐台符、張礪等從行。 次赤岡,夜有聲如雷,起于御幄,大星復隕于旗鼓前。 乙丑,濟黎陽渡,顧謂侍臣曰:「朕此行有三失:縱兵掠芻粟,一也; 括民私財,二也; 不遽遣諸節度還鎮,三也。」 皇太弟遣使問軍前事,上報曰:「初以兵二十萬降杜重威、張彥澤,下鎮州。 及入汴,視其官屬具員者省之,當其才者任之。 司屬雖存,官吏廢墮,猶雛飛之後,徒有空巢。 久經離亂,一至於此。 所在盜賊屯結,土功不息,饋餉非時,民不堪命。 河東尚未歸命,西路酋帥亦相黨附,夙夜以思,制之之術,惟推心庶僚、和協軍情、撫綏百姓三者而已。 今所歸順凡七十六處,得戶一百九萬百一十八。 非汴州炎熱,水土難居,止得一年,太平可指掌而致。 且改鎮州為中京,以備巡幸。 欲伐河東,姑俟別圖。 其概如此。」 戊辰,次高邑,不豫。 丁丑,崩于欒城,年四十六。 是歲九月壬子朔,葬于鳳山,陵曰懷陵,廟號太宗。 統和二十六年七月,上尊諡孝武皇帝。 重熙二十一年九月,增諡孝武惠文皇帝。
On the bingxu new moon of the third month Xiao Han was appointed Xuanwu Army military governor; generals and officers received titles and rewards in varying degrees. On renyin day Jin's bureau officials, consorts, eunuchs, specialists, artisans, maps and registers, calendars and astronomical instruments, stone classics, bronze mannequins, Bright Hall clepsydra, Music Bureau scores, palace and county records, imperial regalia, ritual objects, and armor and weapons were all sent to the Supreme Capital. Cizhou commander Liang Hui surrendered Xiang Prefecture to Han; on jiyou day Gao Tangying was ordered to attack him. That summer, on the bingchen new moon of the fourth month, he set out from Bian with Feng Dao, Li Song, He Ning, Li Huan, Xu Taifu, Zhang Li, and others in attendance. When he halted at Red Knoll, a sound like thunder rose from the imperial tent at night, and a great star again fell before the banners and drums. On yichou day, after crossing the Liyang ford, he turned to his attendants and said, "On this journey I have three faults: allowing troops to plunder fodder and grain — that is the first; requisitioning private wealth from the people — that is the second; not promptly sending the military governors back to their posts — that is the third." The Imperial Younger Brother sent an envoy to inquire about affairs at the front; the Emperor replied, "At first with two hundred thousand troops I made Du Chongwei and Zhang Yanze submit and took Zhen Prefecture. When we entered Bian, I reduced offices where staffs were at full complement and put men to posts according to their talents. Though the bureaus remained, the officials were ruined and decayed — like after fledglings have flown, nothing but empty nests. Long torn by turmoil, things had come to this. Everywhere bandits gathered; earthworks never ceased; supplies came at the wrong times; the people could not bear the burden. Hedong had not yet submitted, and chieftains of the western route likewise banded together. Thinking day and night, the means to control them were only three: trusting the common staff, harmonizing army morale, and comforting the people. Those who have now submitted number seventy-six places in all, yielding one million nine hundred one thousand one hundred eighteen households. But for Bian's heat and its hard soil and water, we could stay only one year; peace could be achieved as easily as pointing to the palm of one's hand. Moreover Zhen Prefecture was renamed Central Capital to serve imperial tours. We mean to attack Hedong, but for the present await another plan. Such is the general outline." On wuchen day he halted at Gaoyi and fell ill. On dingchou day he died at Luancheng, aged forty-six. That year, on the renzi new moon of the ninth month, he was buried at Phoenix Mountain; his tomb was called Huai Ling, and his temple name was Taizong. In the twenty-sixth year of Tonghe, seventh month, he was posthumously titled Filial Martial Emperor. In the twenty-first year of Chongxi, ninth month, his posthumous title was augmented to Filial Martial, Bountiful and Cultured Emperor.
40
贊曰:太宗甫定多方,遠近向化。 建國號,備典章,至於厘庶政,閱名實,錄囚徒,教耕織,配鰥寡。 求直言之士,得郎君海思,即擢宣徽。 嘉唐張敬達忠于其君,卒以禮葬。 輟游豫而納三克之清,憫士卒而下休養之令。 親征晉國,重貴面縛。 斯可謂威德兼弘,英略間見者矣。 入汴之後,無幾微之驕,有「三失」之訓。 《傳》稱鄭伯之善處勝,《書》進《秦誓》之能悔過,太宗蓋兼有之,其卓矣乎!
The encomium reads: Scarcely had Taizong settled the many regions when near and far turned to his rule. He established the dynastic title, prepared statutes and regulations, put common government in order, reviewed names and reality, recorded prisoners, taught planting and weaving, and matched widowers and widows. Seeking men of frank counsel, he found Yelü Haisi and immediately promoted him to Commissioner of the Palace Domestic Service. He praised Tang's Zhang Jingda for loyalty to his ruler and at last buried him with full rites. He gave up pleasure excursions and heeded Sanko's plain counsel; he pitied the soldiers and issued orders for rest and recuperation. He personally campaigned against Jin, and Chonggui came bound with cords before him. This may be called combining majesty and virtue, with heroic strategy appearing here and there. After entering Bian, there was no slightest trace of pride; there was the admonition of the "Three Faults." The 《Commentary》 praises the Duke of Zheng's skill in handling victory; the 《Documents》 advances the 《Qin Oath》 for the ability to repent of wrongdoing — Taizong surely combined both. How outstanding!