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卷四十七 志第十七上: 百官志三

Volume 47 Treatises 17: Official Posts 3

Chapter 47 of 遼史 · History of Liao
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Chapter 47
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1
Official Posts Treatise III — Southern Face
2
使 使 祿 使 使宿
Under Tang, the Khitan first received commandery governors and prefects, then princely titles from Empress Wu, then frontier commissioners from Xuanzong—Tang office and rank had arrived. They then heard how Hebei military governors took Tang titles, and Grand Preceptor, Grand Guardian, Grand Tutor, and Grand Commandant spread through the tribes. Taizu adopted the same practice. Shizong created the Northern Court Privy Commissioner in Datong year 1. The next year Gao Xun became Southern privy commissioner—the privy posts date from Taizong's entry into Bian. Tianlu year 4 saw the Directorate of Governance established. Southern Face offices could then be recorded in full. Initially the Han Privy Council doubled as the Department of State Affairs—Personnel, War, and Justice had receivers, Revenue and Works had clerks, the Secretariat held Rites, and a separate Revenue Commissioner Office existed. Adding Yingzhou to half of You and Ji made the arrangement adequate. Mid-dynasty titles proliferated—Yelu Yangliu as Grand Preceptor revealed the Three Preceptors. Huguzhi as Grand Commandant showed the Three Dukes were in place. Yuwangde as Regular Attendant and Liu Jing as Minister of Rites showed Gate and Ministry institutions. Vice-directors of Revenue, Works, and Granary sections on mission showed how many bureau and constellation posts were filled. Shi Fang supervising compilation showed a National History Academy. Cheng Xu as Secretariat Gentleman showed court diary keepers. Xing Baopu as receiver and Wang Yanfu as academician showed Hanlin internal drafting. Zhang Gan as policy drafter showed Secretariat external drafting. Review and Granary had directors; Education and Palace Workshops had supervisors—the Nine Directors and supervisory offices appeared. Golden Crow and Thousand-Ox had generals, revealing the sixteen guards. The Heir Apparent had preceptors and guardians above and commandery rates below—full Eastern Palace staff. Military, observation, defense, and training commissioners and prefects sat in the provinces as in Tang. Verifiable Tang offices are listed below; unattested posts are omitted.
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Southern Face palace offices.
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With Northern Face offices in place, seizing Yan and Dai's sixteen prefectures brought Tang institutions back—Southern Secretariat, Six Ministries, courts, academies, directorates, guards, and Eastern Palace posts. It sought both to mirror imperial grandeur and to draw Chinese subjects in.
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Three Preceptors Office.
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Originally the Three Dukes—Han's chancellor, Grand Commandant, and Censor-in-Chief—later styled Three Preceptors. Grand Preceptor. Muzong Yingli year 3 records Tang Gude as Grand Preceptor. Grand Guardian. In the first year of Taizong Huitong ordered Feng Dao to hold Grand Guardian. Grand Tutor. In the first year of Huitong: Liu Xu as acting Grand Protector.
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Junior Preceptor. Yelu Zizhong's biography names Junior Preceptor Xiao Bage. Junior Guardian, Junior Tutor, and seal keeper. Yelu Yixin held the Grand Tutor seal under Chongxi.
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祿
Three Dukes Office. Han began with chancellor, Grand Commandant, and Censor-in-Chief; Later Han renamed them; Tang used Grand Commandant, Grand Tutor, and Grand Commandant. Also styled the Three Offices. Grand Commandant. Taizong Tianxian year 11: Zhao Siwen as Grand Commandant. Grand Tutor. In the first year of Shizong Tianlu: Liu She as Grand Tutor. Grand Commandant (Works rank). Shengzong Tonghe year 30: Xing Baozhi as Grand Commandant.
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Han Privy Council
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This office descends from the Ministry of War: under Zhou it was Grand Marshal, under Han Grand Commandant. Late Tang eunuchs dominated court affairs, so an inner Privy Council was created and later staffed with scholar-officials. Jin abolished it in Tianfu and restored it in Kaiyun year 1. Early in Taizu's reign there was a Han Affairs Office; Han Zhigu directed its affairs. After Taizong entered Bian he followed Jin’s model and established the Privy Council to govern Han military affairs, initially combining it with the Department of State Affairs.
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使 使
Privy Commissioner. In the first year of Taizong Datong: Li Song as Privy Commissioner.
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使
Acting privy commissioner.
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Privy Council administrator.
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使 使
Privy Vice Commissioner Yang Zunxuan was Privy Vice Commissioner in Xianyong.
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Associate Privy Council administrator. Shengzong Taiping year 6: Yelu Miliyi as associate Privy administrator.
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使 使
Acting Privy Vice Commissioner. Yang Xi acted as Privy Vice Commissioner in Xingzong Chongxi year 12.
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Privy Direct Academician Shengzong Tonghe year 2: Guo Gu as Privy Direct Academician.
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Privy Chief Receiver Shengzong Kaitai year 9: Han Shaofang as Privy Chief Receiver.
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Privy Associate Receiver Yang Zunxuan was Privy Associate Receiver in Chongxi.
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Personnel Section receiver
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War and Justice Section receiver
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Revenue Section clerk; Office Section (Works Section clerk)
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Secretariat.
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祿
Originally the Directorate of Governance. Taizu created posts, Shizong founded the directorate in Tianlu year 4, and Xingzong renamed it Secretariat in Chongxi year 13.
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Secretariat Director. Han Yanhui was governance director under Taizu; Han Zhigu became Secretariat Director early in Tianxian; Huitong year 5 again shows Zhao Yanshou as governance director.
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Grand Chancellor. In the first year of Taizong Datong: Zhao Yanshou as Grand Chancellor.
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Left Chancellor. Shengzong Taiping year 4: Zhang Jian as Left Chancellor.
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Right Chancellor. In the first year of Shengzong Kaitai: Ma Baozhong as Right Chancellor.
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Secretariat administrator. Xiao Xiaoyou administered the Secretariat in Xingzong Chongxi year 10.
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Secretariat Vice Director Han Zirang became Secretariat Vice Director early in Shoulong.
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Associate Director and Gate Equalizer. Taizu made Wang Yu Associate Director and Gate Equalizer; in the first year of Taizong Datong shows Zhang Li as Equalizer.
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Participating Administrator Shengzong Tonghe year 12: Xing Baopu as Participating Administrator. Hall Rear Officer. Taiping year 2: Zhang Kegong as Hall Rear Officer.
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Clerk.
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Duty Officer. All listed in Yelu Yan's "Establishment of Offices."
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Record Clerk. Yelu Yan served as Secretariat record clerk in Daozong Xianyong year 3.
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Directorate of Policy Drafters.
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Policy Drafter Shi Fang was governance policy drafter under Jingzong Baoning; Daozong Xianyong year 3: Ma Xuan as Policy Drafter.
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Right Remonstrance Court
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Right Remonstrance Grand Master Shengzong Tonghe year 7: Ma Dechen as Remonstrance Grand Master.
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Right Supplementation Aide.
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Right Memorial Collector. Liu Jing was Right Memorial Collector early in Muzong Yingli.
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Gate Department.
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Gate Attendant. Zhao Sizhong was Gate Attendant under Taizong Huitong.
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Regular Attendant. Xingzong Chongxi year 14: Yuwangde as Regular Attendant.
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Irregular Cavalry Regular Attendant Ma Renwang was Left Irregular Cavalry Regular Attendant under Tianzuo Qian Tong.
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Supervising Secretary. Shengzong Tonghe year 2: Guo Gu as Supervising Secretary.
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Gate Vice Director Yang Xi became Gate Vice Director early in Qingning.
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Court Diary Gentleman Office
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Court Diary Gentleman Shengzong Kaitai year 5: Cheng Xu as Court Diary Gentleman.
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Court diary administrator. Yelu Dilie administered court diaries late in Chongxi.
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Court Diary Attendant. Du Fang was Court Diary Attendant in Kaitai
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Left Remonstrance Court.
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Left Remonstrance Grand Master
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Left Supplementation Aide.
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Left Memorial Collector. Tonghe year 3: Liu Jing as Left Memorial Collector.
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Diplomatic Envoy Gentleman Office
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Diplomatic Envoy Gentleman Tonghe year 7: Li Wan as Diplomatic Envoy Gentleman.
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Talisman and Treasure Office.
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Talisman and Treasure Attendant. Yelu Jue was Talisman Attendant early in Chongxi.
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Eastern Upper Gate Office
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Founded in Taizong Huitong year 1.
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使 使
Eastern Upper Gate Commissioner Han Yanhui's biography names Eastern Upper Gate Commissioner Zheng Yanfeng.
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使
Eastern Upper Gate Vice Commissioner
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西
Western Upper Gate Office
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西使 西使
Western Upper Gate Commissioner Tonghe year 21: Ding Zhen as Western Upper Gate Commissioner.
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西使
Western Upper Gate Vice Commissioner
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Eastern Head Presentation Corps
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Eastern Head Presentation Officer Han Derang was Eastern Head Presentation Officer under Jingzong.
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西
Western Head Presentation Corps
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西
Western Head Presentation Officer
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Advancement Office.
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Left Advancement Commissioner.
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Right Advancement Commissioner. Yelu Yaozhi was Right Advancement Commissioner under Jingzong.
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Petition Drum Court
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使
Petition Drum Commissioner
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Suggestion Box Court.
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使
Suggestion Box administrator. Taiping year 3: Du Fang as Suggestion Box administrator.
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Edict Court.
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Edict Court Drafting Attendant Yelu Duohe was Edict Court drafting attendant late in Chongxi.
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Department of State Affairs.
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Taizu once appointed Left and Right Ministers.
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Minister. Xiao Siwen was Minister early in Jingzong Baoning.
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Left Vice Minister. Early Taizu: Kang Mojie as Left Minister; year 3: Han Zhigu as Left Vice Minister.
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Right Vice Minister. In the first year of Taizong Huitong: Lieshu as Right Vice Minister.
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Left Assistant Director. Wu Bai was Left Assistant Director.
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Right Assistant Director. Left Bureau Director
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Right Bureau Director
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Left Bureau Vice Director
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Right Bureau Vice Director
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Six Ministries titles in summary:
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A given ministry.
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Minister of a given ministry. In the first year of Shengzong Kaitai: Liu Ji as Minister of Personnel.
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Vice minister of a given ministry. Wang Guan was War Vice Minister in Xingzong Chongxi; Li Han rose to Works Vice Minister under Muzong.
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Bureau director of a given ministry. Liu Hui was Rites Bureau Director late in Daozong Da'an.
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Vice director of a given ministry. Kaitai year 5: Wang Jingyun as Rites Vice Director.
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Bureau director of a given ministry. Shengzong Tonghe year 9: Cui You as Works Bureau Director.
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Other bureau attendant posts are unattested.
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Censorate.
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Founded in Taizong Huitong year 1.
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Censor-in-Chief Huitong year 9: Yelu Jieli as Censor-in-Chief.
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Vice Censor-in-Chief
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Investigating Censor. Chongxi year 7: Zhuanguli as Southern investigating censor.
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殿
Palace Service Office.
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殿 殿
Palace Attendant. In the first year of Shengzong Kaitai: Gao Keheng as Palace Attendant.
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殿
Palace Attendant Assistant.
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Lodging Service Bureau. Listed in "Miscellaneous Rites of the Liao Court."
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Imperial Attendant.
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Mount Service Bureau.
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Imperial Attendant.
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Imperial Carriage Bureau.
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Imperial Attendant.
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Imperial Food Bureau.
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Imperial Attendant.
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Imperial Wardrobe Bureau.
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Imperial Attendant.
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Hanlin Academy.
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It handled the emperor's literary affairs.
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Hanlin Chief Forest-Tusk Xingzong Chongxi year 13: Yelu Shucheng as Hanlin Chief Forest-Tusk.
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Southern Face Forest-Tusk Yelu Molugu was Southern Forest-Tusk early in Shengzong Tonghe.
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Hanlin Academician Receiver Zhao Yanshou's biography names Hanlin Receiver Zhang Li.
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Hanlin Academician In the first year of Taizong Datong: He Ning as Hanlin Academician.
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Hanlin Libationer Han Dechong was Hanlin Libationer early in Jingzong Baoning.
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Drafting Edicts. Taizong ordered Shi Fang to draft edicts on entering Bian.
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Hanlin Painting Academy
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Hanlin Painting Attendant-Awaiting Shengzong Kaitai year 7: Chen Sheng as Hanlin Painting Attendant-Awaiting.
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Hanlin Medical Officer Tianzuo Baoda year 2: Li Shang as overseer of Hanlin medical officers.
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National History Academy.
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Supervising Compiler of National History Shengzong Tonghe year 9: Shi Fang supervising national history.
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History Academy Academician Jingzong Baoning year 8 records a History Academy academician.
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History Academy Compiler Liu Hui compiled at the History Academy late in Da'an.
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Compiler of National History. Yelu Jue compiled national history early in Chongxi.
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殿
Xuanzheng Hall.
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殿 殿
Xuanzheng Hall Academician In the first year of Muzong Yingli: Li Han as Xuanzheng Hall Academician.
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殿
Hall for Viewing Books.
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殿 殿
Hall for Viewing Books Academician Wang Ding was Viewing Books Academician early in Shoulong.
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Zhaowen Hall.
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Zhaowen Hall Direct Academician Yang Zunxuan's son Hui was Zhaowen Direct Academician.
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Chongwen Hall.
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Chongwen Hall Grand Academician Han Yanhui was Chongwen Grand Academician under Taizu.
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Qianwen Pavilion.
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Qianwen Pavilion Academician Daozong Xianyong year 5: Wang Guan as Qianwen Academician.
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Palace Privy Office.
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Founded in Taizong Huitong year 1.
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使
Palace Privy Commissioner.
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Palace Privy administrator. Ma Dechen administered the Palace Privy Office early in Tonghe.
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使
Palace Privy Vice Commissioner
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使
Associate Palace privy commissioner.
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Associate Palace Privy administrator.
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Inner Directorate.
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使 使
Inner Directorate Commissioner. First recorded in Shengzong Taiping year 9.
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使
Inner Directorate Vice Commissioner
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Inner Treasury.
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Inner Treasury Overseer In the first year of Daozong Qingning: Yelu Wugu as Inner Treasury overseer.
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Palace Eunuch Directorate
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Yellow Gate Director.
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Inner Herald.
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Palace Eunuch Directorate Duty eunuch; left-wing duty eunuch
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Right-wing duty eunuch; Khitan, Han, and Bohai eunuch directors-general.
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使
Left Presentation Commissioner
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使
Right Presentation Commissioner
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Overall inner-treasury overseer.
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Imperial Wardrobe Storehouse.
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使
Imperial Wardrobe Storehouse Commissioner
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Medicinal Broth Bureau overseer and related eunuch posts appear in the Traditions of Wang Jien and Zhao Anren. Guest Reception Office. Founded in Taizong Huitong year 1.
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使 使 使 使 使
Overall Guest Reception Office. Xingzong Chongxi year 10: Huigu Chongge at Overall Guest Reception. Guest Reception Commissioner. Huitong year 5: Yelu Huage as Guest Reception Commissioner. Left Guest Reception Commissioner Xiao Husi was Left Guest Commissioner early in Yingli. Right Guest Reception Commissioner.
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使 使 使 使 使
Guest Reception Vice Commissioner and Four Directions Hall. Four Directions Hall Commissioner Gao Xun was Four Directions Commissioner when Taizong entered Bian. Four Directions Hall Vice Commissioner Daozong Xianyong year 5 decreed Four Directions vice commissioners must be Khitan.
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使 使
Introduction Office Introduction Commissioner Shengzong Tonghe year 28: Han Qi as Introduction Commissioner. Signature Verification Office. Associate Signature Verification administrator. Xingzong Chongxi year 6: Yelu Yuanning as associate signature verifier.
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使使 使
Rites and Credentials Office and its administrator. Xingzong Chongxi year 7: Guyue as Rites and Credentials administrator. Rites and Guest Commissioner Office and Rites and Guest Commissioner. Gong Dading's great-grandfather Zhong was Rites and Guest Commissioner
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祿
Directorate titles in summary: director of a given office. In the first year of Xingzong Jingfu: Li Kefeng as Director of Honored Blessings. Vice director of a given office. Yelu Yan's son Chuzhen was Court of Sacrifices Vice Director. Assistant director of a given office
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簿
Registrar of a given office; Court of Imperial Sacrifices. It included erudites, ushers, grand invokers, ritual attendants, and harmonizers. Agency titles in summary: director of a given agency.
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Agency vice director. Grand Music Agency. Trumpet and Drum Agency. Ritual Objects Storehouse. "Miscellaneous Rites of the Liao Court" lists Ritual Objects Storehouse registers.
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使使祿 祿
Ritual Objects Storehouse commissioner and vice commissioner; Court of Honored Blessings. Originally Court of Honored Salary; renamed for Taizong's taboo. Court of Imperial Guards.
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Imperial Clan Court. Its duties belonged to the great tiyin office. Court of the Imperial Stud. It included the Multiply Yellow Agency. Grand Court of Review. It had a court overseer and chief review officer, established in Shengzong Tonghe year 12. Court of State Guests
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Supervisory directorates in summary: grand supervisor of a given office. In the first year of Xingzong Jingfu: Ma Tan as Palace Workshops Supervisor. Vice supervisor of a given office. Xingzong Chongxi year 17: Wang Qi as Construction Vice Supervisor.
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簿
Supervisory assistant director, registrar, and Directorate of the Imperial Library. It included library attendants and proofreaders. Composition Bureau.
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Composition attendant and assistant attendant. Yang Xi was composition assistant in Shengzong Taiping year 11. Proofreading Attendant. Yang Jie was proofreading attendant in Tonghe. Proofreader. In the first year of Kaitai: Li Wan as proofreader.
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簿
Directorate of Astronomy. It included astrologers, calendar and observatory staff, clepsydra and time officers, bell and drum keepers, and the Directorate of Education. Shangjing Directorate of Education—founded by Taizu.
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簿
Libationer, vice director, assistant, and registrar
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Directorate of Education Erudite Wu Bai was Shangjing Education erudite. Teaching assistant; Grand Treasury Directorate
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Palace Workshops, Construction, and Waterways directorates—civil offices listed above.
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Guard titles in summary: grand general of each guard. Shengzong Kaitai year 7: Prince Zongjian as Right Guard Grand General. Upper General. Tonghe year 22: Wang Jizhong as Left Martial Guard Upper General.
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General. Shengzong Taiping year 4: Xiao Shun as Thousand-Ox Guard General. Campaign, resolute, imperial, merit, and wing guards
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Left and Right Guard and Left and Right Valiant Guard
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Left and Right Martial, Majestic, Army-leading, and Golden Crow guards
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Left and Right Gate, Thousand-Ox, Forest, and Dragon-Tiger guards
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Left and Right Divine Martial, Divine Strategy, and Divine Might guards—military offices above.
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祿
Eastern Palace Three Preceptors Office Most Eastern Palace posts are listed in "Miscellaneous Rites of the Liao Court." Heir Apparent grand preceptor. In the first year of Taizong Datong: Li Song as Heir Apparent Grand Preceptor. Heir Apparent grand guardian. Shizong Tianlu year 5: Zhao Ying as Heir Apparent Grand Guardian. Heir Apparent grand tutor. In the first year of Datong: Zhao Ying as Heir Apparent Grand Tutor.
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Heir Apparent Junior Preceptor Shengzong Taiping year 11: Xiao Congshun as Junior Preceptor. Heir Apparent Junior Guardian Yelu Heli was Junior Guardian in Chongxi. Heir Apparent Junior Tutor In the first year of Datong: Feng Yu as Junior Tutor. Heir Apparent Guest Office.
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Heir Apparent Guest, Steward, and Junior Steward
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簿
Steward assistant and registrar; Heir Apparent Direct-Transmission Office and officer
191
Left Spring Palace; Heir Apparent Left Subordinate; Middle Assent. Shengzong Taiping year 5: Feng Ruogu as Middle Assent. Heir Apparent Memorial Review Attendant.
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Heir Apparent Left Instructor, Left Praise-Goodness Grand Master, Literary Hall Chongwen Academician
193
Chongwen Direct Academician; Heir Apparent Proofreading Attendant. Shengzong Taiping year 5: Han Luan as Heir Apparent Proofreader. Classics Bureau and Heir Apparent Stud Groom. Liu Hui was Heir Apparent Stud Groom late in Da'an.
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Heir Apparent Literary Officer and Heir Apparent Proofreading Attendant. Shengzong Taiping year 5: Zhang Yu as Heir Apparent Proofreader. Heir Apparent Proofreader and Establishment Bureau
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Establishment attendant; Palace Gate Bureau and attendant; Right Spring Palace
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Heir Apparent Right Subordinate, Middle Secretariat Gentleman, Gentleman, and Right Instructor
197
Right Praise-Goodness Grand Master, Diplomatic Envoy Gentleman, Household Commandery, and Commandant
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簿
Assistant director, registrar, Chamberlain Commandery, and Commandant
199
簿
Assistant director, registrar, Stable Commandery, and Commandant
200
簿
Heir Apparent rate titles in summary: a given rate. Xingzong Chongxi year 14: Xiluo as Rate-Office Rate.
201
Heir Apparent guard, chariot-guard, clear-path, and gate-guard rate offices
202
Heir Apparent inner rate offices—Eastern Palace offices above. Prince Tutor Office and Prince Tutor. Xiao Weixin was Yan-Zhao Prince Tutor in Chongxi year 15
203
Princely Inner Secretariat and Inner Secretariat. Daozong Dakang year 3: Wu Jianu as Inner Secretariat. Chief clerk; staff officer
204
Princely Literary Halls and Princely Instructor. Yao Jingxing instructed the Yan-Zhao State King in Chongxi. Princely Study Companion Shengzong Taiping year 8: Changsha King Zongyun and others asked to select princely study companions.
205
Listed above are princely establishment offices. ◇ Southern Face palace offices.
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Han Traveling Palace Overall Deployment Office Also styled Southern Face Traveling Palace Overall Deployment Office. Renamed to Left Vice Minister in Shengzong Kaitai year 9. Han Traveling Palace Overall Deployment Kaitai year 7: Shi Yongzhong as Han Traveling Palace Overall Deployment. Han Traveling Palace Deputy Deployment Xingzong Chongxi year 15: Yelu Dilie as Deputy Deployment.
207
Administrator of Southern traveling-palace deputy deployments. Chongxi year 10: Yelu Li as Southern traveling-palace deputy administrator.
208
Associate Overall Deployment administrator. Daozong Dakang year 3: Xiao Tabuye as associate Overall Deployment administrator. Associate Signature Deployment Office administrator. Yelu Yan was associate signature deployment administrator in Dakang. Overall Deployment Judge Yelu Yan was Overall Deployment judge in Xianyong
209
Twelve-palace Southern traveling-palace deployments in summary: Han overall deployment, Southern deputy deployment, and associate Han deployment per palace
210
Hongyi, Yongxing, Jiqing, and Changning palaces
211
Yanchang, Zhangmin, Chongde, and Xingsheng palaces
212
Yanqing, Taihe, and Yongchang palaces
213
Dunmu Palace
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