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百官志四
Official Posts Treatise IV
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○南面下◇南面京官
○ Southern Face — inferior Southern Face capital officials
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遼有五京。 上京為皇都，凡朝官、京官皆有之； 余四京隨宜設官，為制不一。 大抵西京多邊防官，南京、中京多財賦官。 五京並置者，列陳之； 特置者，分列於後。
Liao maintained five capitals. Shangjing served as the imperial capital, with the full range of court and capital posts; The other four capitals appointed offices as needed, under varying schemes. Generally Xijing emphasized frontier posts, while Nanjing and Zhongjing emphasized fiscal posts. Posts found in all five capitals are listed together; Capital-specific posts appear in separate sections below.
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三京宰相府職名總目：左相右相左平章政事
Three-Capitals chancellor offices in summary: left chancellor, right chancellor, and left associate director
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right associate director; Dongjing Chancellor's Office. In the first year of Shengzong's Tonghe, an edict established left and right chancellors and left and right associate directors for the three capitals. Zhongjing Chancellor's Office and Nanjing Chancellor's Office
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Dongjing Inner Bureau. Per the Geography Treatise, Dongjing's inner palace had no consorts—only the inner bureau commissioner, vice commissioner, and registrar. Five-capitals commissioner titles in summary: commissioner of a given capital office. Wang Tang served in Chongxi as Shangjing Salt and Iron Commissioner.
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Acting commissioner of a given capital office. Zhang Xiaojie acted as Revenue Bureau commissioner in Qingning. Vice commissioner of a given capital office. Liu Shen served in Chongxi as Three Bureaus vice commissioner. Deputy acting commissioner of a given capital office. Daozong Dakang year 3: Tabuye as deputy Disbursements commissioner. Registrar of a given capital office. Shengzong Taiping year 9 records a Revenue Bureau commissioner registrar.
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上京鹽鐵使司東京戶部使司中京度支使司南京三司使司
Shangjing Salt and Iron, Dongjing Revenue Bureau, Zhongjing Disbursements, and Nanjing Three Bureaus commissioner offices
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南京轉運使司。 亦曰燕京轉運使司。 西京計司五京留守司兼府尹職名總目：
Nanjing transport commissionerate. Also styled Yanjing Transport Commissioner Office. Xijing Accounts Office; five-capitals retention and metropolitan-governor titles in summary:
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Retention commissioner of a given capital, acting metropolitan governor of a given prefecture. In the first year of Shengzong Tonghe: Prince of Wu Shao as Shangjing retention commissioner and acting Linhuang metropolitan governor. Deputy retention commissioner of a given capital. Tianzuo Tianqing year 6: Gao Qingchen as Dongjing deputy retention commissioner. Acting retention commissioner of a given capital. Xiao Hui acted as Dongjing retention commissioner in Kaitai year 2.
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Junior metropolitan governor of a given prefecture. Shengzong Taiping year 4: Zheng Hongjie as Linhuang junior metropolitan governor. Deputy acting retention commissioner of a given capital. Taiping year 8: Yelu Ye as Zhongjing deputy retention commissioner. Co-signatory retention commissioner of a given capital. Xiao Dilie co-signed Nanjing retention affairs in Taiping year 6.
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Retention registrar of a given capital. Shi Fang served in Tianlu as Nanjing retention registrar. Retention judicial review officer of a given capital. In the first year of Shengzong Kaitai: Li Keju as Zhongjing retention judicial review officer. Shangjing Retention Commissioner Office and Dongjing Retention Commissioner Office
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Zhongjing Retention Office. In the first year of Taizong's Datong, Zhao Yanshou was made Zhongjing retention commissioner, governing Zhenzhou. Shengzong Tonghe year 12 made Shi Fang Zhongjing retention commissioner at Dading Prefecture.
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Nanjing Retention Office. In Taizong's Tianxian year 3, Dongping Commandery was raised to Nanjing, governing Liaoyang. Year 13 made Youzhou Nanjing, seat at Xijin. In the first year of Shengzong Kaitai renamed Youdu Prefecture Xijin Prefecture. Xijing Retention Office
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Five-capitals metropolitan overall supervisor titles in summary: overall supervisor of a given capital and knower of a given prefecture's affairs. Deputy knower of a given prefecture's affairs. Shengzong Taiping year 5: Xiao Yaogun as deputy knower of Zhongjing affairs. Shangjing metropolitan overall supervisor office
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東京都總管府中京都總管府南京都總管府西京都總管府
Dongjing, Zhongjing, Nanjing, and Xijing metropolitan overall supervisor offices
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五京都虞候司職名總目：都虞候上京都虞候司東京都虞候司
Five-capitals garrison commandant titles in summary: garrison commandant; Shangjing and Dongjing garrison commandant offices
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南京都虞候司西京都虞候司中京都虞候司五京警巡院職名總目：
Nanjing, Xijing, and Zhongjing garrison commandant offices; five-capitals patrol commissioner titles in summary:
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某京警巡使某京警巡副使上京警巡院東京警巡院
Patrol commissioner and vice commissioner of a given capital; Shangjing and Dongjing patrol offices
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中京警巡院南京警巡院西京警巡院五京處置使司職名總目：
Zhongjing, Nanjing, and Xijing patrol offices; five-capitals disposition commissioner titles in summary:
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某京處置使上京處置司東京處置司中京處置司
Disposition commissioner of a given capital; Shangjing, Dongjing, and Zhongjing disposition offices
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西京處置司南京處置司
Xijing and Nanjing disposition offices
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上京學。 上京別有國子監，見朝官。 東京學中京學。 中京別有國子監，與朝官同。
Shangjing School. Shangjing also maintained a Directorate of Education, listed with court officials. Dongjing School and Zhongjing School. Zhongjing also had a Directorate of Education, on par with the court directorate.
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Shangjing moat-and-wall commissioner. Han Derang served under Jingzong as Shangjing moat-and-wall commissioner.
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Liaoyang metropolitan protector. Huitong year 2: Protector Helubo and others held the frontier posts of Liaoyang Eastern Capital. Dongjing Pacification Commissioner Office and Dongjing Pacification Commissioner
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東京軍巡院。 《地理志》，東京有歸化營軍千餘人，籍河朔亡命於此，置軍巡院。 東京軍巡使中京文思院
Dongjing army patrol office. Per the Geography Treatise, Dongjing held over a thousand Returned-to-Righteousness Camp troops—Hebei fugitives enrolled locally—and an Army Patrol Office was set up. Dongjing army patrol commissioner; Zhongjing Literary Composition Office
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Zhongjing literary composition commissioner. Ma Renwang's father Qian served as Zhongjing literary composition commissioner. Zhongjing Circuit Inquest Commissioner Office and Zhongjing Circuit Inquest Commissioner. Yelu Heshang was Zhongjing Circuit inquest commissioner in Chongxi year 24. Zhongjing circuit patrol commissioner office
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Zhongjing circuit patrol commissioner. Yelu Guyu served in Kaitai as Zhongjing Circuit patrol commissioner. Zhongjing Great Inner Palace Overall Deployment Office and overall deployment commissioner In the first year of Shengzong Kaitai records a Zhongjing great inner palace overall deployment commissioner. Zhongjing great inner palace deputy overall deployment commissioner
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南京宣徽副使
Nanjing Xuanhui vice commissioner
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同知南京宣徽院事
Associate administrator of Nanjing Xuanhui Office affairs
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Nanjing disposition commissioner office In the first year of Kaitai under Emperor Shengzong, Prince Longqing of Qin is listed as disposition commissioner for the Yanjing circuit.
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燕京管內處置使
Yanjing circuit disposition commissioner
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南京侍衛親軍馬步軍都指揮使司
Nanjing palace guard personal army horse-and-foot overall commandant office
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Nanjing palace guard personal army horse-and-foot overall commandant Xiao Taogu became Nanjing palace guard personal army overall commandant early in Qianheng. Nanjing horse-and-foot deputy commandant; Nanjing Palace Guard Personal Army Horse Army Overall Commandant Office
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南京馬軍都指揮使南京馬軍副指揮使南京侍衛親軍步軍都指揮使司南京步軍都指揮使
Nanjing horse army commandant and deputy; Nanjing Palace Guard Personal Army Foot Army Office; Nanjing foot army commandant
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南京步軍副指揮使南京栗園司典南京栗園雲州宣諭招撫使司
Nanjing foot army deputy commandant; Nanjing Chestnut Garden steward and office; Yunzhou Pacification and Recruitment Commissioner Office
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Two Yunzhou pacification and recruitment commissioners. Tonghe year 4: Han Pige and Xing Baopu as Yunzhou pacification and recruitment commissioners. Southern Face great subject-state offices — Huanglong Prefecture
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Acting administrator of Huanglong Prefecture. Xingzong Chongxi year 13: Yelu Oulisi as acting Huanglong prefect. Deputy Huanglong prefect; Huanglong registrar; Huanglong palace guard personal army horse-and-foot overall commandant
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黃龍府侍衛親軍都指揮使黃龍府侍衛親軍副指揮使黃龍府侍衛馬軍都指揮使黃龍府侍衛步軍都指揮使
Huanglong palace guard personal army overall and deputy commandants; Huanglong horse and foot army commandants
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黃龍府侍衛馬軍副指揮使黃龍府侍衛步軍副指揮使黃龍府學博士
Huanglong horse and foot army deputy commandants; Huanglong School erudite
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興中府判官興中府學博士助教
Xingzhong registrar; Xingzhong School erudite and assistant instructor
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南面方州官
Southern Face prefectural and circuit offices
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遼東西、燕，秦、漢、唐已置郡縣，設官職矣。 高麗、渤海因之。 至遼，五京列峙、包括燕、代，悉為畿甸。 二百餘年，城郭相望，田野益辟。 冠以節度，承以觀察、防禦、團練等使，分以刺史、縣令，大略采用唐制。 其間宗室、外戚、大臣之家，築城賜額，謂之「頭下州軍」； 唯節度使朝廷命之，後往往皆歸王府。 不能州者謂之軍，不能縣者謂之城，不能城者謂之堡。 其设官则末详云。
Liaodong, Yan, and the Qin, Han, and Tang realms had long had prefectures, counties, and officials. Goryeo and Bohai followed suit. Under Liao the five capitals stood in a row, embracing Yan and Dai as the metropolitan heartland. For over two centuries walled towns lined the landscape and farmland spread. Military commissioners headed circuits, observation, defense, and training commissioners followed, and cishi and magistrates filled the counties—largely on the Tang model. Imperial kin, in-laws, and great ministers also founded walled estates with granted names—the "head-below prefectures and armies"; only military commissioners were court-appointed, but in time most posts fell to princely households. Units too small for a prefecture became armies; too small for a county became cities; too small for a city became forts. Their specific offices are not recorded here.
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某馬步軍都指揮使司都指揮使副指揮使某馬軍指揮使司
Combined cavalry-and-infantry headquarters: commander-in-chief, vice commander-in-chief; cavalry headquarters template
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指揮使副指揮使某步軍指揮使司指揮使
Infantry headquarters: commander-in-chief and vice commander-in-chief
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副指揮使上京道：懷州奉陵軍節度使司慶州玄寧軍節度使司
Vice commander-in-chief. Shangjing Route: Fengling Army at Huai, Xuanning Army at Qing
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泰州德昌軍節度使司長春州韶陽軍節度使司儀坤州啟聖軍節度使司龍化州興國軍節度使司
Shangjing Route (continued): Dechang at Tai, Shaoyang at Changchun, Qisheng at Yikun, Xingguo at Longhua
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饒州匡義軍節度使司徽州宣德軍節度使司成州長慶軍節度使司懿州廣順軍節度使司
Shangjing Route (continued): Kuangyi at Rao, Xuande at Hui, Changqing at Cheng, Guangshun at Yi
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渭州高陽軍節度使司鎮州建安軍節度使司東京道：開州鎮國軍節度使司
Shangjing Route (continued): Gaoyang at Wei, Jian'an at Zhen. Eastern Capital Circuit: Zhenguo Army at Kai
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保州宣義軍節度使司辰州奉國軍節度使司興州中興軍節度使司海州南海軍節度使司
Eastern Capital Circuit (continued): Xuanyi at Bao, Fengguo at Chen, Zhongxing at Xing, Nanhai at Hai
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淥州鴨淥軍節度使司顯州奉先軍節度使司乾州廣德軍節度使司貴德州寧遠軍節度使司
Eastern Capital Circuit (continued): Yalu at Lu, Fengxian at Xian, Guangde at Qian, Ningyuan at Guide
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沈州昭德軍節度使司遼州始平軍節度使司通州安遠軍節度使司雙州保安軍節度使司
Eastern Capital Circuit (continued): Zhaode at Shen, Shiping at Liao, Anyuan at Tong, Bao'an at Shuang
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同州鎮安軍節度使司咸州安東軍節度使司信州彰聖軍節度使司賓州懷化軍節度使司
Eastern Capital Circuit (continued): Zhen'an at Tong, Andong at Xian, Zhangsheng at Xin, Huaihua at Bin
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懿州寧昌軍節度使司蘇州安復軍節度使司復州懷德軍節度使司祥州瑞聖軍節度使司
Eastern Capital Circuit (continued): Ningchang at Yi, Anfu at Su, Huaide at Fu, Ruisheng at Xiang
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中京道：成州興府軍節度使司興中府彰武軍節度使司宜州崇義軍節度使司
Zhongjing Route: Xingfu Army at Cheng, Zhangwu Army at Xingzhong, Chongyi Army at Yi
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錦州臨海軍節度使司川州長寧軍節度使司建州保靜軍節度使司來州歸德軍節度使司
Zhongjing Route (continued): Linhai at Jin, Changning at Chuan, Baojing at Jian, Guide at Lai
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南京道：幽州盧龍軍節度使司平州遼興軍節度使司西京道：
Nanjing Route: Lulong Army at You, Liaoxing Army at Ping. Xijing Route:
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雲中大同軍節度使司雲內州開遠軍節度使司奉聖州武定軍節度使司蔚州忠順軍節度使司
Xijing Route: Datong at Yunzhong, Kaiyuan at Yunnei, Wuding at Fengsheng, Zhongshun at Yu
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應州彰國軍節度使司朔州順義軍節度使司觀察使職名總目：某州軍觀察使
Xijing Route (continued): Zhangguo at Ying, Shunyi at Shuo. Observation commissioner titles in summary: commissioner of a given prefecture and army
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助教。 中京道：高州觀察使司武安州觀察使司
Assistant Erudite. Zhongjing Route: observation offices at Gao and Wu'an
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利州觀察使司東京道：益州觀察使司寧州觀察使司
Zhongjing Route: Li. Eastern Capital Circuit: Yi and Ning
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歸州觀察使司寧江州混同軍觀察使司上京道：永州永昌軍觀察使司
Eastern Capital Circuit (continued): Gui, Huntong Army at Ningjiang. Shangjing Route: Yongchang Army at Yong
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靜州觀察使司團練使司職名總目：某州團練使某州團練副使
Shangjing Route (continued): Jing. Regional training commissioner titles in summary: commissioner and vice commissioner of a given prefecture
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某州團練判官州學博士助教
Regional training judge; prefectural school Erudite and Assistant Erudite
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東京道：安州團練使防禦使司職名總目：某州防禦使
Eastern Capital Circuit: An. Defense commissioner titles in summary: defense commissioner of a given prefecture
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某州防禦副使某州防禦判官州學博士
Defense vice commissioner, defense judge, and prefectural school Erudite
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助教東京道：廣州防禦使司鎮海府防禦使司
Assistant Erudite. Eastern Capital Circuit: defense offices at Guang and Zhenhai
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冀州防禦使司衍州安廣軍防禦使司州刺史職名總目：某州刺史。
Eastern Capital Circuit (continued): Ji, Anguang Army at Yan. Prefect titles in summary: prefect of a given prefecture.
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博士助教上京道五州：烏、降聖、維、防、招。
Erudite and Assistant Erudite. Shangjing Route: five prefectures (Wu, Jiangsheng, Wei, Fang, Zhao).
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東京道三十七州：穆、賀、盧、鐵、崇、耀、嬪、遼西、康、宗、海北、巖、集、祺、遂、韓、銀、安遠、威、清、雍、湖、渤、郢、銅、涑、率賓、定理、鐵利、吉、麓、荊、勝、順化、連、肅、烏。
Eastern Capital Circuit comprised thirty-seven prefectures: Mu, He, Lu, Tie, Chong, Yao, Bin, Liaoxi, Kang, Zong, Haibei, Yan, Ji, Qi, Sui, Han, Yin, Anyuan, Wei, Qing, Yong, Hu, Bo, Ying, Tong, Su, Shuaibin, Dingli, Tieli, Ji, Lu, Jing, Sheng, Shunhua, Lian, Su, and Wu.
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中京道十三州：恩、惠、榆、澤、北安、潭、松山、安德、黔、嚴、隰、遷、潤。 南京道八州：順、檀、涿、易、薊、景、灤、營。 西京道八州：弘、德、寧邊、歸化、可汗、儒、武、東勝。
Zhongjing Route: thirteen prefectures with prefectural schools. Nanjing Route: eight prefectures with prefectural schools. Xijing Route: eight prefectures with prefectural schools.
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County defender; county school. Da Gongding, Liangxiang magistrate, built a temple to Confucius. School Erudite and Assistant Erudite
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Five Capital prefectural counties appear in the Geographical Treatise. County service included relay posts, livestock, signals, village heads, clerks, and granary duty. Bankrupt households could not meet levies, to the distress of the people. Ma Renwang let households pay to avoid corvée while officials hired substitutes; granary clerks came from public agents, which people found convenient.
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南面分司官
Southern Face circuit branch offices
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平理庶獄，采摭民隱，漢、唐以來，賢主以為恤民之令典。 官不常設，有詔，則選材望官為之。
They heard common suits and collected popular grievances; since Han and Tang worthy rulers made this the classic way to care for subjects. The post was ad hoc; edicts named a reputable official to fill it.
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Stalled-cases commissioner for all circuits. Shengzong Tonghe year 9: Xing Baopu and four others, then Ma Shouying and two others, to clear stalled cases in all circuits. Circuit criminal inspection commissioner. Kaitai year 5: Liu Jing and others inspected criminal cases by route. Investigation commissioner. Taizong Huitong year 3: Yu Gulín as investigation commissioner.
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南面財賦官
Southern Face revenue offices
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Liao relied on pasture, fields, and fisheries; early fiscal government was spare. After Nieli taught agriculture and crafts, salt and iron revenues grew; holding Yan and Dai made the state wealthier still. Cash-and-silks office titles in summary:
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Chief inspector of cash and silks of a given prefecture. Da Gongding as Changchun cash-and-silks chief overseer. Changchun cash-and-silks office. Founded in Xingzong Chongxi year 22. Liaoxi and Pingzhou circuit cash-and-silks offices
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轉運司職名總目：某轉運使某轉運副使同知某轉運使
Transport commissioner titles in summary: commissioner, vice commissioner, and associate commissioner of a given circuit
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Transport commissioner offices at Ying, Shuo, and Bao. All were founded in Kaitai year 3. Western Mountains transport commissioner post. Shengzong Taiping year 3: Lang Xuanhua as Western Mountains transport commissioner.
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南面軍官
Southern Face army officers
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The Traditions says: "Though Chu had talent, Jin truly used it." From Taizu on Liao took men from Five Dynasties and Song territory and used them directly; the northeast marches farmed and crafted, and in emergencies followed military administration. That policy was sound. Inspectorate titles in summary:
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Chief inspector of a given command. Muzong Yingli year 16: Yelu Yilige as Palace Front chief inspector. Vice inspector of a given command. Shengzong Taiping year 6: Yelu Ye as vice inspector. Associate chief inspector of a given command. Daozong Qingning year 9: Yelu Tabuye as associate inspectorate administrator.
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點檢司殿前都點檢司點檢侍衛親軍馬步司諸指揮使司職名總目：
Inspectorate, Palace Front inspectorate, Palace Guard inspectorate, and commandery headquarters titles in summary:
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某軍副指揮使司並同前。 侍衛親軍馬步軍都指揮使司侍衛親軍馬軍都指揮使司
Vice headquarters offices—as above. Palace Guard combined and cavalry headquarters
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侍衛親軍步軍都指揮使司侍衛控鶴兵馬都指揮使司侍衛漢軍兵馬都指揮使司四軍兵馬都指揮使司
Palace Guard infantry, crane-control, Han army, and Four Armies cavalry headquarters
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Guisheng Army cavalry headquarters. Shengzong Tonghe year 5: seven command offices with left and right wings from Song surrender troops—forty-two posts. Year 7: subordinated to the overall command office. Guisheng Army left and right wing cavalry headquarters
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第一左廂兵馬都指揮使司第一右廂兵馬都指揮使司第二左廂兵馬都指揮使司第二右廂兵馬都指揮使司
First and second left and right wing cavalry headquarters
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第三左廂兵馬都指揮使司第三右廂兵馬都指揮使司第四左廂兵馬都指揮使司第四右廂兵馬都指揮使司
Third and fourth left and right wing cavalry headquarters
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第五左廂兵馬都指揮使司第五右廂兵馬都指揮使司第六左廂兵馬都指揮使司第六右廂兵馬都指揮使司
Fifth and sixth left and right wing cavalry headquarters
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第七左廂兵馬都指揮使司第七右廂兵馬都指揮使司宣力軍都指揮使司四捷軍都指揮使司
Seventh left and right wing, Xuanli Army, and Sijie Army headquarters
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Tiansheng and Han army headquarters. Army regional training commissioner titles in summary: commissioner of a given army. Taizu Shence year 2: Zhao Siwen as Han Army regional training commissioner.
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某軍都團練副使某軍團練判官漢軍都團練使司諸軍兵馬都總管府職名總目：
Army regional training vice commissioner and judge; Han Army regional training office. Cavalry overall command titles in summary:
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兵馬都總管府歸聖軍兵馬都總管府南面邊防官
Cavalry overall command, Guisheng Army cavalry overall command; Southern Face frontier officers
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三皇、五帝寬柔之化，澤及漢、唐。 好生惡殺，習與性成。 雖五代極亂，習於戰鬥者才幾人耳。 宋以文勝，然遼之邊防猶重於南面，直以其地大民眾故耳。 卒之親仁善鄰，桴鼓不鳴幾二百年。 此遼之所以為美也歟。
The ancient sage-kings were gentle; their grace extended through Han and Tang. Love of life and hatred of killing were second nature. Even Five Dynasties chaos produced few habitual warriors. Song won by civil culture, but Liao still stressed the southern frontier because of its size and population. Finally, benevolence and good neighbors kept the drums quiet for nearly two centuries. That was Liao's glory.
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Yi Feihu pacification commissioner office. Shengzong Tonghe year 23: renamed Pacification Commissioner Office. Yi Prefecture Feihu cavalry office. Daozong Xianyong year 4: renamed Yi Prefecture Pacification Office. Yi Feihu outreach office; Southwest Pacification Commissioner Office. Jingzong Baoning: Yelu Hezhu as Southwest Pacification Commissioner.
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Patrol commissionerate. Jingzong Baoning: Yelu Hezhu as patrol commissioner.
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霸州處置使。 統和二十七年廢。
Ba Prefecture disposition commissioner. Discontinued in Tonghe year 27.