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【武宗】
Emperor Wuzong.
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武宗，承天達道英肅睿哲昭德顯功弘文思孝毅皇帝，諱厚照，孝宗長子也。 母孝康敬皇后。 弘治五年，立為皇太子。 性聰穎，好騎射。
Emperor Wuzong—honored after death as one who bore Heaven, penetrated the Way, and united sagely solemnity, sagacious illumination, manifest achievement, expansive culture, reflective filial piety, and resolute purpose—was named Zhu Houzhao and was the eldest son of Emperor Xiaozong. His mother was Empress Xiaokangjing. In Hongzhi five he was formally named crown prince. He was clever by nature and devoted to riding and archery.
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十八年五月，孝宗崩。 壬寅，即皇帝位。 以明年為正德元年，大赦天下，除弘治十六年以前逋賦。 戊申，小王子犯宣府，總兵官張俊敗績。 庚戌，太監苗逵監督軍務，保國公硃暉為征虜將軍，充總兵官，右都御史史琳提督軍務，禦之。 秋八月甲寅，尊皇太后為太皇太后，皇后為皇太后。 丙子，召硃暉等還。 九月甲午，南京地震。 丁酉，振陝西饑。 冬十月丙辰，小王子犯甘肅。 庚午，葬敬皇帝于泰陵。 十一月甲申，禦文華殿日講。 是年，占城、安南入貢。
In the fifth month of Hongzhi eighteen Emperor Xiaozong died. On renyin Zhu Houzhao ascended the throne. The following year was declared the first year of the Zhengde reign; a general amnesty was proclaimed; and tax and grain arrears dating before Hongzhi sixteen were forgiven. On wushen the Little Prince struck Xuanfu and routed Regional Commander Zhang Jun. On gengxu the eunuch Miao Kui was put in charge of the campaign, Defender of the State Zhu Hui was named General Who Subdues the Barbarians and overall commander, and Right Censor-in-Chief Shi Lin directed operations against the invader. In the eighth month of autumn, on jiayin, the empress dowager was elevated to grand empress dowager and the empress was made empress dowager. On bingzi Zhu Hui and his command were ordered home. In the ninth month, on jiawu, Nanjing was struck by an earthquake. On dingyou the court sent famine relief to Shaanxi. In the tenth month of winter, on bingchen, the Little Prince raided Gansu. On gengwu the late Xiaozong Emperor was buried at Tailing. In the eleventh month, on jiashen, the emperor attended daily lectures in the Wenhua Hall. That year Champa and Annam sent tribute missions.
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正德元年春正月乙酉，享太廟。 己丑，大祀天地於南郊。 二月壬子，禦經筵。 乙丑，耕耤田。 三月甲申，釋奠于先師孔子。 夏五月丙申，減蘇、杭織造歲幣。 六月辛酉，禁吏民奢靡。 免陝西被災稅糧。 是日，大風雨壞郊壇獸瓦。 庚午，諭群臣修省。 秋八月乙卯，復遣內官南京織造。 戊午，立皇后夏氏。 冬十月丁巳，戶部尚書韓文帥廷臣請誅亂政內臣馬永成等八人，大學士劉健、李東陽、謝遷主之。 戊午，韓文等再請，不聽。 以劉瑾掌司禮監，丘聚、谷大用提督東、西廠，張永督十二團營兼神機營，魏彬督三千營，各據要地。 劉健、李東陽、謝遷乞去，健、遷是日致仕。 己未，東陽復乞去，不允。 壬戌，吏部尚書焦芳兼文淵閣大學士，吏部侍郎王鏊兼翰林學士，入閣預機務。 戊辰，停日講。 十一月甲辰，罷韓文。 十二月丁巳，命錦衣衛官點閱給事中。 癸酉，除曲阜孔氏田賦。 是年，哈密、烏斯藏入貢。
In the first year of Zhengde, in the first month of spring, on yiyou, he offered sacrifice at the Grand Ancestral Temple. On jichou he offered the great suburban sacrifice to Heaven and Earth. In the second month, on renzi, he attended the Classics Lecture. On yichou he performed the ceremonial ploughing at the Sacred Field. In the third month, on jiashen, he offered the libation sacrifice to Confucius. In the fifth month of summer, on bingshen, the court cut the annual Suzhou and Hangzhou weaving levy. In the sixth month, on xinyou, luxury among officials and commoners was banned. Tax grain was forgiven in disaster-hit Shaanxi. That same day a violent storm shattered the animal figures on the suburban altar. On gengwu the emperor ordered his ministers to undertake court-wide self-examination. In the eighth month of autumn, on yimao, the court again dispatched inner eunuchs to run the Nanjing imperial workshops. On wuwu Lady Xia was enthroned as empress. In the tenth month of winter, on dingsi, Minister of Revenue Han Wen led the court in demanding the execution of eight disordering eunuchs led by Ma Yongcheng; Grand Secretaries Liu Jian, Li Dongyang, and Xie Qian headed the memorial. On wuwu Han Wen and his allies petitioned again; the emperor refused. Liu Jin took the Directorate of Ceremonial; Qiu Ju and Gu Dayong ran the Eastern and Western Depots; Zhang Yong commanded the Twelve Barracks and the Divine Engine Corps; Wei Bin commanded the Three Thousand Barracks—each seizing a choke point of power. Liu Jian, Li Dongyang, and Xie Qian asked to resign; Liu Jian and Xie Qian left office that same day. On jiwei Li Dongyang again asked to resign; the throne would not release him. On renxu Minister of Personnel Jiao Fang joined the Grand Secretariat as Wenyuan grand secretary, and Vice Minister Wang Ao entered as Hanlin academician; both took up deliberation of state affairs. On wuchen daily lectures were halted. In the eleventh month, on jiachen, Han Wen was removed from office. In the twelfth month, on dingsi, Brocade Guard officers were ordered to audit the supervising secretaries. On guiyou land tax owed by the Kong clan of Qufu was forgiven. That year Hami and U-Tsang sent tribute missions.
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二年春正月乙亥朔，日有食之。 乙酉，大祀天地於南郊。 閏月庚戌，杖給事中艾洪、呂翀、劉蒨及南京給事中戴銑、御史薄彥徽等二十一人于闕下。 二月戊戌，杖御史王良臣於午門，御史王時中荷校於都察院。 三月辛未，以大學士劉健、謝遷，尚書韓文、楊守隨、張敷華、林瀚五十三人党比，宣戒群臣。 是月，敕各鎮守太監預刑名政事。 夏五月戊午，度僧道四萬人。 己巳，復甯王宸濠護衛。 六月甲戌，孝宗神主祔太廟。 戊寅，罷修邊垣，輸其費于京師。 秋八月丙戌，作豹房。 冬十月甲申，逮各邊巡撫都御史及管糧郎中下獄。 丙戌，南京戶部尚書楊廷和為文淵閣大學士，預機務。 十二月壬辰，開浙江、福建、四川銀礦。 是年，琉球入貢。
In the second year, on the new moon yihai of the first month of spring, there was a solar eclipse. On yiyou he offered the great suburban sacrifice to Heaven and Earth. In the intercalary month, on gengxu, supervising secretaries Ai Hong, Lü Chong, and Liu Qian, with Nanjing colleagues Dai Xian and Censor Bo Yanhui and twenty others, were flogged at the palace gate. In the second month, on wuxu, Censor Wang Liangchen was flogged at the Meridian Gate and Censor Wang Shizhong was paraded in the cangue at the Censorate. In the third month, on xinwei, an edict rebuked the court for factionalism, naming Grand Secretaries Liu Jian and Xie Qian and Ministers Han Wen, Yang Shousui, Zhang Fuhua, and Lin Han among fifty-three men. That month the throne ordered military eunuchs at every garrison to take part in criminal trials and local administration. In the fifth month of summer, on wuwu, forty thousand Buddhist and Daoist clergy received ordination. On jisi the personal guard of Prince of Ning Zhu Chenhao was restored. In the sixth month, on jiaxu, Emperor Xiaozong's spirit tablet was placed in the Grand Ancestral Temple. On wuyin work on the frontier walls was stopped and the appropriation was diverted to Beijing. In the eighth month of autumn, on bingxu, the Leopard House was constructed. In the tenth month of winter, on jiashen, frontier grand coordinators and grain officials were thrown into prison. On bingxu Yang Tinghe, Nanjing vice minister of revenue, entered the Grand Secretariat as Wenyuan grand secretary. In the twelfth month, on renchen, the court opened silver mines in Zhejiang, Fujian, and Sichuan. That year Ryukyu sent a tribute mission.
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三年春正月丁未，大祀天地於南郊。 辛亥，大計外吏，中旨罷翰林學士吳儼、御史楊南金。 二月己巳，令京官告假違限及病滿一年者皆致仕。 三月乙卯，賜呂柟等進士及第、出身有差。 夏四月乙亥，軍民納銀，得授都指揮僉事以下官。 六月壬辰，得匿名文書于禦道，跪群臣奉天門外詰之。 下三百余人於錦衣衛獄，尋釋之。 秋七月壬子，命天下選樂工送京師。 八月辛巳，立內廠，劉瑾領之。 庚寅，下韓文錦衣衛獄，罰輸米千石於大同。 是月，山東盜起。 九月癸卯，削致仕尚書雍泰、馬文升、許進、劉大夏籍。 辛酉，逮劉大夏下獄，戍肅州。 癸亥，振南京饑。 冬十月辛未，南京工部侍郎畢亨振湖廣、河南饑。 十一月乙未，振鳳陽諸府饑。 是年，安南、哈密、撒馬兒罕、烏斯藏入貢。
In the third year, in the first month of spring, on dingwei, he offered the great suburban sacrifice to Heaven and Earth. On xinhai the triennial review of provincial officials was held; by secret edict Hanlin Academician Wu Yan and Censor Yang Nanjin were removed. In the second month, on jisi, capital officials who exceeded leave limits or had been ill a full year were forced to retire. In the third month, on yimao, Lü Nan and other metropolitan graduates received jinshi and lower degrees in due order. In the fourth month of summer, on yihai, military men and civilians who paid silver could buy appointments as low as vice commander of the guard. In the sixth month, on renchen, an anonymous placard was found on the imperial roadway and the ministers were made to kneel outside the Gate of Heavenly Felicity for questioning. Over three hundred men were cast into the Brocade Guard prison and soon afterward freed. In the seventh month of autumn, on renzi, the throne ordered every province to choose musicians for Beijing. In the eighth month, on xinsi, an inner depot was founded under Liu Jin's control. On gengyin Han Wen was imprisoned in the Brocade Guard and fined one thousand piculs of grain to be delivered at Datong. That month bandit gangs appeared in Shandong. In the ninth month, on maoyin, the official registers of retired ministers Yong Tai, Ma Wensheng, Xu Jin, and Liu Daxia were expunged. On xinyou Liu Daxia was arrested, jailed, and exiled to Suzhou. On guihai the court sent famine relief to Nanjing. In the tenth month of winter, on xinwei, Nanjing vice minister of works Bi Heng relieved famine in Huguang and Henan. In the eleventh month, on yiwei, relief was sent to famine-stricken Fengyang and neighboring prefectures. That year Annam, Hami, Samarkand, and U-Tsang sent tribute missions.
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四年春正月丙午，大祀天地於南郊。 二月丙戌，削劉健、謝遷籍。 三月甲辰，振浙江饑。 己酉，吏部侍郎張彩請不時考察京官，從之。 夏四月乙亥，王鏊致仕。 六月戊子，吏部尚書劉宇兼文淵閣大學士，預機務。 秋八月辛酉，遣使核各邊屯田。 是月，義州軍變。 閏九月，小王子犯延綏，圍總兵官吳江于隴州城。 冬十一月甲子，犯花馬池，總制尚書才寬戰死。 十二月庚戌，奪劉健、謝遷等六百七十五人誥敕。 是年，兩廣、江西、湖廣、陝西、四川並盜起。 琉球、安南、哈密、土魯番、撒馬兒罕入貢。
In the fourth year, in the first month of spring, on bingwu, he offered the great suburban sacrifice to Heaven and Earth. In the second month, on bingxu, Liu Jian and Xie Qian were expunged from the official rolls. In the third month, on jiachen, famine relief was sent to Zhejiang. On jiyou Vice Minister Zhang Cai asked that capital officials be reviewed outside the regular schedule; the throne agreed. In the fourth month of summer, on yihai, Wang Ao left office. In the sixth month, on wuzi, Minister of Personnel Liu Yu joined the Grand Secretariat as Wenyuan grand secretary. In the eighth month of autumn, on xinyou, envoys were sent to inspect military colony lands on every frontier. That month the troops at Yizhou mutinied. In the intercalary ninth month the Little Prince struck Yan-sui and penned Regional Commander Wu Jiang inside Longzhou. In the eleventh month of winter, on jiazi, he raided Huamachi and Grand Coordinator Cai Kuan was killed in action. In the twelfth month, on gengxu, patents of honor were revoked from Liu Jian, Xie Qian, and six hundred seventy-five others. That year bandit uprisings broke out across Guangdong and Guangxi, Jiangxi, Huguang, Shaanxi, and Sichuan. Ryukyu, Annam, Hami, Turfan, and Samarkand sent tribute missions.
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五年春正月丁卯，大祀天地於南郊。 庚辰，籍故尚書秦紘家。 二月癸巳，兵部尚書曹元為吏部尚書兼文淵閣大學士，預機務。 三月辛未，禱雨，釋獄囚，免正德三年逋賦。 乙酉，江西賊熾，右都御史王哲巡視南、贛，刑部尚書洪鐘總制川、陝、河南、鄖陽軍務兼振恤湖廣。 夏四月庚寅，安化王寘鐇反，殺巡撫都御史安惟學、總兵官姜漢。 丙午，起右都御史楊一清總制寧夏、延綏、甘、涼軍務，涇陽伯神英充總兵官，討寘鐇。 辛亥，詔赦天下。 太監張永總督寧夏軍務。 是日，遊擊將軍仇鉞襲執寘鐇，寧夏平。 五月癸未，焦芳致仕。 六月庚子，帝自號大慶法王，所司鑄印以進。 丙午，劉宇罷。 秋七月壬申，洪鐘討沔陽賊，平之。 八月甲午，劉瑾以謀反下獄。 詔自正德二年後所更政令悉如舊。 戊戌，治劉瑾黨，吏部尚書張彩下獄。 己亥，曹元罷。 丁未，革甯王護衛。 戊申，劉瑾伏誅。 己酉，釋謫戍諸臣。 九月丙辰，論平寘鐇功，封仇鉞咸甯伯。 戊午，吏部尚書劉忠、梁儲並兼文淵閣大學士，預機務。 己未，以平寘鐇、劉瑾功，封太監張永兄富、弟容皆為伯。 癸酉，封義子指揮同知硃德、太監谷大用兄大寬、馬永成兄山、魏彬弟英皆為伯。 冬十月己亥，戮張彩屍於市。 十二月己丑，賊陷江津，僉事吳景死之。 是年，日本、占城、哈密、撒馬兒罕、土魯番、烏斯藏入貢。
In the fifth year, in the first month of spring, on dingmao, he offered the great suburban sacrifice to Heaven and Earth. On gengchen the property of the late Minister Qin Hong was inventoried for seizure. In the second month, on guisi, Minister of War Cao Yuan became minister of personnel and Wenyuan grand secretary. In the third month, on xinwei, the court prayed for rain, freed prisoners, and forgave tax and grain arrears from Zhengde three. On yiyou Jiangxi banditry flared; Right Censor-in-Chief Wang Zhe was sent to inspect southern Gan, and Minister of Punishments Hong Zhong was given overall command on the Sichuan-Shaanxi-Henan-Yunyang front while relieving famine in Huguang. In the fourth month of summer, on gengyin, Prince of Anhua Zhu Zhifan rose in rebellion and killed Grand Coordinator An Weixue and Regional Commander Jiang Han. On bingwu Right Censor-in-Chief Yang Yiqing was recalled to overall command in Ningxia, Yan-sui, Gansu, and Liang, and Earl of Divine Valor Shen Ying was named regional commander to crush Zhu Zhifan. On xinhai a general amnesty was proclaimed. The eunuch Zhang Yong was placed in overall charge of the Ningxia campaign. That same day Guerrilla General Qiu Yue stormed Zhu Zhifan's camp and took him prisoner; Ningxia was pacified. In the fifth month, on guiwei, Jiao Fang left office. In the sixth month, on gengzi, the emperor took the title Great Celebration Dharma King and had the appropriate office cast and present a seal. On bingwu Liu Yu was removed from office. In the seventh month of autumn, on renshen, Hong Zhong attacked the Mianyang bandits and suppressed them. In the eighth month, on jiawu, Liu Jin was thrown into prison for plotting rebellion. An edict declared that every policy altered after Zhengde two would be restored to the old order. On wuxu the court moved against Liu Jin's party and imprisoned Minister of Personnel Zhang Cai. On jihai Cao Yuan was removed from office. On dingwei the personal guard of the Prince of Ning was abolished. On wushen Liu Jin was put to death. On jiyou officials exiled to frontier garrison service were freed. In the ninth month, on bingchen, rewards were granted for pacifying Zhu Zhifan, and Qiu Yue was made Earl of Xianning. On wuwu Liu Zhong and Liang Chu, both ministers of personnel, entered the Grand Secretariat as Wenyuan grand secretaries and took up deliberation of state affairs. On jiwei, for crushing Zhu Zhifan and Liu Jin, Zhang Yong's elder brother Fu and younger brother Rong were both enfeoffed as earls. On guiyou the adopted son Commander Zhu De, Gu Dayong's brother Dakuan, Ma Yongcheng's brother Shan, and Wei Bin's younger brother Ying were all made earls. In the tenth month of winter, on jihai, Zhang Cai's corpse was hacked apart in the marketplace. In the twelfth month, on jichou, bandits seized Jiangjin and Assistant Commissioner Wu Jing was killed. That year envoys came with tribute from Japan, Champa, Hami, Samarkand, Turfan, and U-Tsang.
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六年春正月甲子，大祀天地於南郊。 癸酉，賊陷營山，殺僉事王源。 二月丙申，寘鐇伏誅。 己酉，起左都御史陳金總制江西軍務討賊。 三月戊辰，賜楊慎等進士及第、出身有差。 庚午，惠安伯張偉充總兵官，右都御史馬中錫提督軍務，討直隸、河南、山東賊。 丙子，免被寇州縣稅糧一年。 是月，小王子入河套，犯沿邊諸堡。 夏四月癸未，劉忠乞省墓歸。 是月，淮安盜起。 六月，山西盜起。 秋七月壬申，賊犯文安，京師戒嚴。 癸酉，調宣府、延綏兵入援。 八月己卯，兵部侍郎陸完將邊軍討賊。 四川巡撫都御史林俊擒斬賊首藍廷瑞、鄢本恕。 甲申，賊劉六犯固安。 丙戌，召張偉、馬中錫還。 九月丙寅，再調宣府及遼東兵益陸完軍。 冬十月癸未，賊陷長山，典史李暹戰死。 甲申，賊焚糧艘于濟寧州。 丁酉，甘州副總兵白琮敗小王子于柴溝。 十一月庚戌，太監谷大用、張忠、伏羌伯毛銳帥京軍會陸完討賊。 丙辰，戶部侍郎叢蘭、王瓊振兩畿、河南、山東。 戊午，京師地震。 辛酉，敕修省。 乙亥，瘞暴骨。 十二月癸巳，禮部尚書費宏兼文淵閣大學士，預機務。 甲午，清河口至柳鋪，黃河清三日。 辛丑，賊掠蒼溪，兵備副使馮傑敗死。 是年，自畿輔迄江、淮、楚、蜀，盜賊殺官吏，山東尤甚，至破九十余城，道路梗絕。 琉球、哈密入貢。
In the first month of spring in year six, on jiazi, the emperor offered the great sacrifice to Heaven and Earth at the Southern Suburb. On guiyou bandits overran Yingshan and killed Assistant Commissioner Wang Yuan. In the second month, on bingchen, Zhu Zhifan was executed. On jiyou Left Censor-in-Chief Chen Jin was raised from retirement to overall command in Jiangxi and ordered to crush the bandits. In the third month, on wuchen, Yang Shen and other metropolitan graduates received jinshi and lower degrees in due order. On gengwu Earl of Hui'an Zhang Wei was named regional commander and Right Censor-in-Chief Ma Zhongxi directed operations against bandits in Zhili, Henan, and Shandong. On bingzi grain levies were forgiven for one year in prefectures and counties the bandits had ravaged. That same month the Little Prince entered the Ordos bend and struck frontier forts all along the line. In the fourth month of summer, on guiwei, Liu Zhong asked permission to return home and tend the ancestral graves. That month banditry broke out in Huai'an. In the sixth month bandits rose in Shanxi. In the seventh month of autumn, on renshen, bandits attacked Wen'an and the capital was placed on alert. On guiyou troops from Xuanfu and Yan-sui were called in to reinforce the capital. In the eighth month, on jimao, Vice Minister of War Lu Wan took frontier troops into the field against the bandits. In Sichuan Grand Coordinator Lin Jun captured and beheaded the bandit leaders Lan Tingrui and Yan Benshu. On jiashen the bandit Liu Liu struck Gu'an. On bingxu Zhang Wei and Ma Zhongxi were ordered home. In the ninth month, on bingyin, fresh troops from Xuanfu and Liaodong were sent to reinforce Lu Wan. In the tenth month of winter, on guiwei, bandits seized Changshan and Records Clerk Li Xian fell in battle. On jiashen bandits burned grain transports at Jining. On dingyou Vice Regional Commander Bai Cong of Gansu routed the Little Prince at Chaigou. In the eleventh month, on gengxu, the eunuchs Gu Dayong and Zhang Zhong and Baron of Fuxiang Mao Rui led capital armies to join Lu Wan against the bandits. On bingchen Vice Ministers Cong Lan and Wang Qiong of Revenue were sent to relieve famine in the two metropolitan regions, Henan, and Shandong. On wuwu the capital was struck by an earthquake. On xinyou an edict ordered officials to examine their conduct and practice austerity. On yihai the court ordered the burial of unburied corpses. In the twelfth month, on guisi, Minister of Rites Fei Hong joined the Grand Secretariat as Wenyuan grand secretary and took up deliberation of state affairs. On jiawu the Yellow River ran clear from Qinghe mouth to Liupu for three days. On xinchou bandits raided Cangxi and Vice Commissioner Feng Jie was defeated and killed. That year, from the capital districts through the Yangtze-Huai, Chu, and Shu, bandits killed officials; Shandong was worst hit, with more than ninety cities overrun and travel cut off. Ryukyu and Hami sent tribute missions.
10
七年春正月甲寅，賊犯霸州，京師戒嚴。 丁巳，陷大城，知縣張汝舟、主簿李銓戰死。 己未，大祀天地於南郊。 二月丁丑，副都御史彭澤、咸甯伯仇鉞提督軍務，太監陸訚監軍，討河南賊。 己卯，賊犯萊州，指揮僉事蔡顯等力戰死。 三月辛未，副總兵時源敗績于河南，都督僉事馮禎力戰死。 夏五月丙午，陸完敗賊於萊州，山東賊平。 甲寅，左都御史陳金討平撫州賊。 丙寅，賊殺副都御史馬炳然于武昌江中。 閏月壬辰，仇鉞敗賊於光山，河南賊平。 秋七月癸巳，江西賊殺副使周憲于華林。 丁酉，振四川饑。 八月癸亥，陸完追殲劉七等賊於狼山。 九月乙酉，陳金討平華林賊。 戊子，召洪鐘還。 都御史彭澤總制四川軍務。 丙申，賜義子一百二十七人國姓。 冬十月，免河南、江西、浙江被災寇者稅糧。 十一月壬申，時源為平賊將軍，會彭澤討四川賊。 丁亥，留大同、宣府、遼東兵于京營，李東陽諫，不聽。 十二月丁卯，李東陽致仕。 是月，免兩畿、山東、山西、陝西被災寇者稅糧。 是年，安南、日本、哈密入貢。
In the first month of spring in year seven, on jiayin, bandits attacked Bazhou and the capital was placed on alert. On dingsi the bandits seized Dacheng; Magistrate Zhang Ruzhou and Registrar Li Quan were killed fighting. On jiwei the emperor offered the great sacrifice to Heaven and Earth at the Southern Suburb. In the second month, on dingchou, Vice Censor-in-Chief Peng Ze and Earl of Xianning Qiu Yue directed operations against the Henan bandits while the eunuch Lu Yang oversaw the army. On jimao bandits attacked Laizhou; Commander Cai Xian and others fought to the end and fell. In the third month, on xinwei, Vice Regional Commander Shi Yuan was routed in Henan and Assistant Regional Commander Feng Zhen was killed fighting. In the fifth month of summer, on bingwu, Lu Wan crushed the bandits at Laizhou and Shandong was pacified. On jiayin Left Censor-in-Chief Chen Jin suppressed the bandits in Fuzhou. On bingyin bandits killed Vice Censor-in-Chief Ma Bingran on the river at Wuchang. In the intercalary month, on renchen, Qiu Yue routed the bandits at Guangshan and Henan was pacified. In the seventh month of autumn, on guisi, Jiangxi bandits killed Vice Commissioner Zhou Xian at Hualin. On dingyou the court sent famine relief to Sichuan. In the eighth month, on guihai, Lu Wan pursued and wiped out Liu Qi and his followers at Langshan. In the ninth month, on yiyou, Chen Jin suppressed the Hualin bandits. On wuzi Hong Zhong was recalled to court. Censor-in-Chief Peng Ze was given overall command of military affairs in Sichuan. On bingshen one hundred twenty-seven adopted sons were granted the imperial surname Zhu. In the tenth month of winter grain levies were forgiven in Henan, Jiangxi, and Zhejiang where disaster and banditry had struck. In the eleventh month, on renshen, Shi Yuan was named General Who Pacifies Bandits and joined Peng Ze against the Sichuan bandits. On dinghai troops from Datong, Xuanfu, and Liaodong were kept in the capital armies; Li Dongyang remonstrated, but the throne would not listen. In the twelfth month, on dingmao, Li Dongyang left office. That month grain levies were forgiven in the two metropolitan regions and in Shandong, Shanxi, and Shaanxi ravaged by disaster and banditry. That year envoys came with tribute from Annam, Japan, and Hami.
11
八年春正月癸酉，右副都御史俞諫代陳金討江西賊。 壬午，大祀天地於南郊。 乙酉，以邊將江彬、許泰分領京營，賜國姓。 尋設兩官廳軍，命彬、泰分領之。 癸巳，戶部侍郎叢蘭、僉都御史陳玉巡邊。 二月丙午，以平賊功，封太監谷大用弟大亮、陸訚侄永皆為伯。 三月戊子，置鎮國府處宣府官軍。 甲午，以旱敕群臣修省。 夏四月乙丑，彭澤破賊於劍州。 五月辛巳，仇鉞充總兵官，帥京營兵禦敵於大同。 六月戊戌，河決黃陵岡。 乙卯，俞諫破賊於貴溪。 秋八月，免南畿水災稅糧。 土魯番襲據哈密。 冬十月丁未，俞諫連破賊於東鄉，江西賊平。 十二月，南京刑部侍郎鄧璋振江西饑。 是年，哈密入貢。
In the first month of spring in year eight, on guiyou, Right Vice Censor Yu Jian replaced Chen Jin in the campaign against Jiangxi bandits. On renwu the emperor offered the great sacrifice to Heaven and Earth at the Southern Suburb. On yiyou the frontier generals Jiang Bin and Xu Tai were given joint command of the capital armies and granted the imperial surname Zhu. Soon afterward the Two Official Hall corps were formed, with Bin and Tai each placed in command of one. On guisi Vice Minister Cong Lan of Revenue and Junior Censor Chen Yu were sent to inspect the border defenses. In the second month, on bingwu, for suppressing the bandits Gu Dayong's brother Daliang and Lu Yang's nephew Yong were enfeoffed as earls. In the third month, on wuzi, the Zhenguo Bureau was set up to house troops from Xuanfu. On jiawu, with drought gripping the realm, an edict ordered officials to examine their conduct. In the fourth month of summer, on yichou, Peng Ze routed the bandits at Jianzhou. In the fifth month, on xinsi, Qiu Yue was named regional commander and led capital armies to meet the enemy at Datong. In the sixth month, on wuxu, the Yellow River burst its banks at Huanglinggang. On yimao Yu Jian defeated the bandits at Guixi. In the eighth month of autumn grain levies were forgiven in the flood-stricken Southern Metropolitan Region. Turfan attacked and occupied Hami. In the tenth month of winter, on dingwei, Yu Jian won repeated victories at Dongxiang and Jiangxi was pacified. In the twelfth month Nanjing Vice Minister Deng Zhang of Punishments was sent to relieve famine in Jiangxi. That year Hami still sent a tribute mission.
12
九年春正月丁丑，大祀天地於南郊。 庚辰，乾清宮災。 二月庚子，帝始微行。 丙午，禮部尚書靳貴兼文淵閣大學士，預機務。 癸丑，彭澤、時源討平四川賊。 三月辛巳，賜唐皋等進士及第、出身有差。 夏四月丁酉，復甯王護衛，予屯田。 五月乙丑，費寵致仕。 己丑，彭澤總督甘肅軍務，經理哈密。 六月乙卯，開雲南銀礦。 秋七月乙丑，小王子犯宣府、大同。 太監張永提督軍務，都督白玉充總兵官，帥京營兵禦之。 八月辛卯朔，日有食之。 辛丑，小王子犯白羊口。 乙巳，京師地震。 己未，小王子入甯武關，掠忻州、定襄、寧化。 九月壬戌，犯宣府、蔚州。 庚午，帝狎虎被傷，不視朝，編修王思以諫謫饒平驛丞。 冬十月己酉，遣使采木於川、湖。 十一月辛酉，廢歸善王當沍為庶人，自殺。 十二月甲寅，建乾清宮，加天下賦一百萬。 是年，安南、哈密、烏斯藏入貢。 十年春正月癸亥，薄暮，享太廟。 戊辰，薄暮，祀天地於南郊。 三月壬申，楊廷和以憂去。 夏閏四月辛酉，吏部尚書楊一清兼武英殿大學士，預機務。 戊寅，召彭澤還。 秋八月丙寅，小王子犯固原。 冬十二月癸丑朔，日有食之。 己卯，免南畿旱災秋糧。 是年，琉球、安南、哈密、撒馬兒罕入貢。
In the first month of spring in year nine, on dingchou, the emperor offered the great sacrifice to Heaven and Earth at the Southern Suburb. On gengchen fire destroyed Qianqing Palace. In the second month, on gengzi, the emperor began making excursions in disguise. On bingwu Minister of Rites Jin Gui joined the Grand Secretariat as Wenyuan grand secretary and took up deliberation of state affairs. On guichou Peng Ze and Shi Yuan suppressed the Sichuan bandits. In the third month, on xinsi, Tang Gao and other metropolitan graduates received jinshi and lower degrees in due order. In the fourth month of summer, on dingyou, the Prince of Ning's guard was restored and he was given military colony lands. In the fifth month, on yichou, Fei Chong left office. On jichou Peng Ze was placed in overall command in Gansu and ordered to manage affairs at Hami. In the sixth month, on yimao, silver mines in Yunnan were opened. In the seventh month of autumn, on yichou, the Little Prince struck Xuanfu and Datong. The eunuch Zhang Yong directed the campaign, Regional Commander Bai Yu was named overall commander, and capital armies marched out to meet the invader. On the first day of the eighth month, xinmao, there was a solar eclipse. On xinchou the Little Prince attacked Baiyangkou. On yisi the capital was struck by an earthquake. On jiwei the Little Prince entered Ningwu Pass and raided Xinzhou, Dingxiang, and Ninghua. In the ninth month, on renxu, he struck Xuanfu and Yuzhou. On gengwu the emperor was hurt while toying with a tiger and stopped holding court; Compiler Wang Si, for remonstrating, was demoted to postmaster at Raoping. In the tenth month of winter, on jiyou, envoys were sent to collect timber in Sichuan and Huguang. In the eleventh month, on xinyou, Prince of Guishan Dang Hong was stripped to commoner rank and killed himself. In the twelfth month, on jiayin, the Qianqing Palace was erected and realm-wide taxes were raised by one million taels. That year Annam, Hami, and U-Tsang sent tribute. In spring of Zhengde ten, on guihai of the first month at dusk, he offered sacrifice at the Imperial Ancestral Temple. On wuchen at dusk he sacrificed to Heaven and Earth at the southern suburb. In the third month, on renshen, Yang Tinghe left office to mourn. In the intercalary fourth month of summer, on xinyou, Minister of Personnel Yang Yiqing was also made grand secretary of the Wuying Hall and entered state deliberations. On wuyin Peng Ze was recalled to court. In the eighth month of autumn, on bingyin, the Little Prince struck Guyuan. On the guichou new moon of the twelfth winter month there was a solar eclipse. On jimao autumn grain tax was forgiven in the drought-stricken Southern Metropolitan Region. That year Ryukyu, Annam, Hami, and Samarkand sent tribute.
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十一年春正月乙未，大祀天地於南郊。 夏四月，振河南饑。 五月庚寅，土魯番以哈密來歸。 甲辰，錄自宮男子三千四百餘人充海戶。 是月，振陝西饑。 秋七月乙未，小王子犯薊州白羊口，太監張忠監督軍務，左都督劉暉充總兵官，帥東西官廳軍禦之。 丙午，工部侍郎趙璜、俞琳飭畿內武備。 八月丁巳，左都御史彭澤、成國公硃輔帥京營兵防邊。 庚申，賜宛平縣被寇者人米二石。 甲子，楊一清致仕。 丁丑，禮部尚書蔣冕兼文淵閣大學士，預機務。 九月，土魯番復據哈密，侵肅州，殺遊擊芮寧。 冬十月己酉朔，享太廟，遣使代行禮。 十一月甲申，免湖廣被災稅糧。 是年，琉球、天方入貢。
In spring of Zhengde eleven, on yinai of the first month, he performed the great suburban sacrifice to Heaven and Earth. In the fourth month of summer famine relief was sent to Henan. In the fifth month, on gengyin, Turfan restored Hami. On jiachen more than thirty-four hundred men taken from the palace were enrolled as maritime households. That month Shaanxi received famine relief. In the seventh month of autumn, on yinai, the Little Prince hit Baiyang Pass in Ji; Eunuch Zhang Zhong oversaw the campaign, Left Chief Commander Liu Hui served as commander-in-chief, and Eastern and Western Official Hall troops were sent against him. On bingwu Vice Ministers Zhao Huang and Yu Lin of Works put metropolitan defenses in order. In the eighth month, on dingsi, Left Censor-in-Chief Peng Ze and Duke of Cheng Zhu Fu led capital garrison troops to the border. On gengshen each person in raided Wanping County was given two piculs of grain. On jiazi Yang Yiqing retired from office. On dingchou Minister of Rites Jiang Mian was also made grand secretary of the Wenyuan Pavilion and entered state deliberations. In the ninth month Turfan reoccupied Hami, raided Suzhou, and killed Guerrilla Commander Rui Ning. On the jiyou new moon of the tenth winter month sacrifice was offered at the Imperial Ancestral Temple by proxy envoys. In the eleventh month, on jiashen, tax grain was remitted in disaster-hit Huguang. That year Ryukyu and Tianfang sent tribute.
14
十二年春正月己丑，大祀天地於南郊。 遂獵于南海子，夜中還，禦奉天殿受朝賀。 三月癸巳，賜舒芬等進士及第、出身有差。 戊戌，以兩淮、浙江、四川、河東鹽課充陝西織造。 夏四月壬子，靳貴致仕。 丙辰，副總兵鄭廉敗土魯番於瓜州。 五月丙子，禮部尚書毛紀兼東閣大學士，預機務。 六月乙巳朔，日有食之。 秋八月甲辰，微服如昌平。 乙巳，梁儲、蔣冕、毛紀追及於沙河，請回蹕，不聽。 己酉，至居庸關，巡關御史張欽閉關拒命，乃還。 丙辰，至自昌平。 戊午，夜視朝。 癸亥，副都御史吳廷舉振湖廣饑。 丙寅，夜微服出德勝門，如居庸關。 辛未，出關，幸宣府，命穀大用守關，毋出京朝官。 九月辛卯，河決城武。 壬辰，如陽和，自稱總督軍務威武大將軍總兵官。 庚子，輸帑銀一百萬兩于宣府。 冬十月癸卯，駐蹕順聖川。 甲辰，小王子犯陽和，掠應州。 丁未，親督諸軍禦之，戰五日。 辛亥，寇引去，駐蹕大同。 十一月丁亥，召楊廷和復入閣。 戊子，還至宣府。 十二月癸亥，群臣赴行在請還宮，不得出關而還。 閏月丁亥，迎春于宣府。 是年，琉球、烏斯藏入貢。
In spring of Zhengde twelve, on jichou of the first month, he performed the great suburban sacrifice to Heaven and Earth. He then hunted in the Nanhai Park, came back in the dead of night, and received court congratulations in the Hall of Imperial Supremacy. In the third month, on guisi, Shu Fen and others received jinshi honors and lower degrees as ranked. On wuxu salt levies from Liang-Huai, Zhejiang, Sichuan, and Hedong were diverted to Shaanxi imperial weaving. In the fourth month of summer, on renzi, Jin Gui left office. On bingchen Vice Commander Zheng Lian beat Turfan at Guazhou. In the fifth month, on bingzi, Minister of Rites Mao Ji was also made grand secretary of the Eastern Lodge and entered state deliberations. On the yisi new moon of the sixth month there was a solar eclipse. In the eighth month of autumn, on jiachen, the emperor went to Changping in disguise. On yisi Liang Chu, Jiang Mian, and Mao Ji overtook him at Shahe and begged him to return; he refused. On jiyou he reached Juyong Pass; Touring Inspector Zhang Qin shut the gate and blocked him, so he turned back. On bingchen he came back from Changping. On wuwu he held a night audience. On guihai Vice Censor-in-Chief Wu Tingju distributed famine relief in Huguang. On bingyin, at night, he slipped out of Desheng Gate toward Juyong Pass in disguise. On xinwei he left the pass, went to Xuanfu, and ordered Gu Dayong to guard the gate and keep capital officials from leaving Beijing. In the ninth month, on xinmao, the Yellow River broke through at Chengwu. On renchen he went to Yanghe and took the title Supreme Commander of Military Affairs, Valiant-and-Awesome Grand General, and Commander-in-Chief. On gengzi one million taels of treasury silver were sent to Xuanfu. In the tenth month of winter, on guimao, the emperor encamped at Shunsheng River. On jiachen the Little Prince struck Yanghe and raided Ying Prefecture. On dingwei the emperor personally led the armies in defense; fighting lasted five days. On xinhai the raiders withdrew and the emperor encamped at Datong. In the eleventh month, on dinghai, Yang Tinghe was recalled to the Grand Secretariat. On wuzi he returned to Xuanfu. In the twelfth month, on guihai, officials came to the traveling palace to beg him to return to the capital; barred from the pass, they went back. In the intercalary month, on dinghai, the spring welcoming rite was held at Xuanfu. That year Ryukyu and U-Tsang sent tribute.
15
十三年春正月辛丑朔，帝在宣府。 丙午，至自宣府，命群臣具彩帳、羊酒郊迎，禦帳殿受賀。 丁未，罷南郊致齋。 庚戌，大祀天地於南郊，遂獵于南海子。 辛亥，還宮。 辛酉，復如宣府。 是月，振兩畿、山東水災。 給京師流民米，人三鬥。 瘞死者。 二月己卯，太皇太后崩。 壬午，至自宣府。 三月戊辰，如昌平。 夏四月己巳朔，謁六陵，遂幸密雲。 五月己亥朔，日有食之。 駐蹕喜峰口。 戊申，至自喜峰口。 六月庚辰，太皇太后梓宮發京師，帝戎服從。 甲申，葬孝貞純皇后。 乙酉，至自昌平。 秋七月己亥。 錄應州功，敘廕升賞者五萬餘人。 丙午，復如宣府。 八月乙酉，如大同。 九月庚子，次偏頭關。 癸丑，敕曰：「總督軍務威武大將軍總兵官硃壽親統六師，肅清邊境，特加封鎮國公，歲支祿米五千石。 吏部如敕奉行。」 甲寅，封硃彬為平虜伯，硃泰為安邊伯。 冬十月戊辰，渡河。 己卯，次榆林。 十一月庚子，調西官廳及四衛營兵赴宣、大。 壬子，次綏德，幸總兵官戴欽第。 十二月戊寅，渡河，幸石州。 戊子，次太原。 是年，琉球、天方、瓦剌入貢。
On the xinchou new moon of the first month in Zhengde thirteen the emperor was still at Xuanfu. On bingwu he returned from Xuanfu, commanded officials to ready colored tents, sheep, and wine for a suburban welcome, and received congratulations in the tent hall. On dingwei the court ended the southern suburban fast. On gengxu he performed the great suburban sacrifice to Heaven and Earth, then hunted in the Nanhai Park. On xinhai he returned to the palace. On xinyou he went to Xuanfu again. That month flood relief was sent to the two metropolitan regions and Shandong. Refugees in the capital were given grain, three pecks each. The unburied dead were interred. In the second month, on jimao, the Grand Empress Dowager died. On rewu he returned from Xuanfu. In the third month, on wuchen, he went to Changping. On the jisi new moon of the fourth summer month he visited the six imperial tombs, then went on to Miyun. On the jihai new moon of the fifth month there was a solar eclipse. He encamped at Xifeng Pass. On wushen he returned from Xifeng Pass. In the sixth month, on gengchen, the Grand Empress Dowager's coffin left the capital and the emperor followed in martial dress. On jiashen Empress Xiaozhenchun was buried. On yiyou he returned from Changping. In the seventh month of autumn, on jihai. Rewards for Ying Prefecture were entered on the rolls: more than fifty thousand men received enfeoffment privileges, promotion, or bounty. On bingwu he went to Xuanfu again. In the eighth month, on yiyou, he went to Datong. In the ninth month, on gengzi, he stopped at Piantou Pass. On guichou an edict declared: "Supreme Commander of Military Affairs, Valiant-and-Awesome Grand General, and Commander-in-Chief Zhu Shou has personally led the six armies and cleared the frontier. He is specially enfeoffed as Duke of the State-Pacifier with five thousand piculs of stipend grain a year. The Ministry of Personnel shall execute the edict as written. On jiayin Zhu Bin was made Earl Who Pacifies the Barbarians and Zhu Tai Earl Who Pacifies the Border. In the tenth month of winter, on wuchen, he crossed the river. On jimao he stopped at Yulin. In the eleventh month, on gengzi, Western Official Hall troops and men of the four guard battalions were shifted to Xuanfu and Datong. On renzi he stopped at Suide and visited the home of Commander Dai Qin. In the twelfth month, on wuyin, he crossed the river and went to Shizhou. On wuzi he stopped at Taiyuan. That year Ryukyu, Tianfang, and the Oirats sent tribute.
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十四年春正月丙申朔，帝在太原。 甲辰，改卜郊。 壬子，還宣府。 二月壬申，至自宣府。 丁丑，大祀天地於南郊，遂獵于南海子。 是日，京師地震。 己丑，帝自加太師，諭禮部曰：「總督軍務威武大將軍總兵官太師鎮國公硃壽將巡兩畿、山東，祀神祈福，其具儀以聞。」 三月癸丑，以諫巡幸，下兵部郎中黃鞏六人於錦衣衛獄，跪修撰舒芬百有七人於午門五日。 金吾衛都指揮僉事張英自刃以諫，衛士奪刃，得不死，鞫治，杖殺之。 乙卯，下寺正周敘、行人司副余廷瓚、主事林大輅三十三人於錦衣衛獄。 戊午，杖舒芬等百有七人于闕下。 是日，風霾晝晦。 夏四月甲子，免南畿被災稅糧。 戊寅，杖黃鞏等三十九人于闕下，先後死者十一人。 五月己亥，詔山東、山西、陝西、河南、湖廣流民歸業者，官給廩食、廬舍、牛種，復五年。 六月丙子，甯王宸濠反，巡撫江西右副都御史孫燧、南昌兵備副使許逵死之。 戊寅，陷南康。 己卯，陷九江。 秋七月甲辰，帝自將討宸濠，安邊伯硃泰為威武副將軍。 帥師為先鋒。 丙午，宸濠犯安慶，都指揮楊銳、知府張文錦禦卻之。 辛亥，提督南贛汀漳軍務副都御史王守仁帥兵復南昌。 丁巳，守仁敗宸濠於樵舍，擒之。 八月癸未，車駕發京師。 丁亥，次涿州，王守仁捷奏至，秘不發。 冬十一月乙巳，漁於清江浦。 壬子，冬至，受賀于太監張陽第。 十二月辛酉，次揚州。 乙酉，渡江。 丙戌，至南京。 是歲，淮、揚饑，人相食。 撒馬兒罕入貢。
On the bingshen new moon of the first month in Zhengde fourteen the emperor was at Taiyuan. On jiachen the suburban sacrifice was rescheduled. On renzi he returned to Xuanfu. In the second month, on renshen, he came back from Xuanfu. On dingchou he performed the great suburban sacrifice to Heaven and Earth, then hunted in the Nanhai Park. That same day the capital was struck by an earthquake. On jichou the emperor added to himself the title Grand Preceptor and told the Ministry of Rites: "Supreme Commander of Military Affairs, Valiant-and-Awesome Grand General, Commander-in-Chief, Grand Preceptor, and Duke of the State-Pacifier Zhu Shou will tour the two metropolitan regions and Shandong to sacrifice to the gods and pray for blessings; draw up the rites and report. In the third month, on guichou, for counsel against the southern tour, six officials led by Huang Gong, a bureau director in the Ministry of War, were cast into Jinyiwei prison, and one hundred and seven scholars led by Compiler Shu Fen were ordered to kneel at the Meridian Gate for five days. Zhang Ying, vice commander of the Gold Brocade Guard, stabbed himself in remonstrance; guards wrested away the blade and he survived, but after trial he was beaten to death. On yimao, Zhou Xu, director of the Court of Penalties, Yu Tingzan, junior clerk in the Ministry of Rites, Lin Dayu, a principal clerk, and thirty others were sent to Jinyiwei prison. On wuwu, Shu Fen and the other one hundred and seven were flogged below the palace gate. That day a dust storm darkened the sky at noon. In summer, on jiazi of the fourth month, grain levies were forgiven in the disaster-stricken Southern Metropolitan Region. On wuyin, Huang Gong and thirty-eight others were flogged below the palace gate; eleven died in the aftermath. In the fifth month, on jihai, an edict ordered that vagrants from Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Henan, and Huguang who returned to farming receive government grain, shelter, and oxen and seed, with five years' tax relief. In the sixth month, on bingzi, Zhu Chenhao, Prince of Ning, rose in rebellion; Sun Sui, right vice censor-in-chief and grand coordinator of Jiangxi, and Xu Kui, vice commissioner for military affairs at Nanchang, were killed. On wuyin, Nankang fell. On jimao, Jiujiang fell. In autumn, on jiachen of the seventh month, the Emperor took the field in person against Chenhao; Zhu Tai, Baron of Pacifying the Frontier, was made vice general of martial prestige. He led the army as vanguard. On bingwu, Chenhao attacked Anqing; Regional Commander Yang Rui and Prefect Zhang Wenjin drove him back. On xinhai, Wang Shouren, vice censor-in-chief supervising military affairs in southern Ganzhou, Tingzhou, and Zhangzhou, marched in and retook Nanchang. On dingsi, Shouren routed Chenhao at Qiaoshe and took him prisoner. In the eighth month, on guiwei, the imperial procession left the capital. On dinghai, he halted at Zhuozhou; Shouren's victory memorial arrived, but the court kept it secret and did not announce it. In winter, on yisi of the eleventh month, he went fishing at Qingjiang Ford. On renzi, the winter solstice, he accepted congratulations at the home of the eunuch Zhang Yang. In the twelfth month, on xinyou, he halted at Yangzhou. On yiyou, he crossed the Yangzi. On bingxu, he reached Nanjing. That year famine struck Huai and Yang; people resorted to cannibalism. Samarkand sent tribute.
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十五年春正月庚寅朔，帝在南京。 癸巳，改卜郊。 夏四月己未，振淮、揚諸府饑。 六月丁巳。 次牛首山，諸軍夜驚。 秋七月，小王子犯大同、宣府。 八月癸未，免江西稅糧。 閏月癸巳，受江西俘。 丁酉，發南京。 癸卯，次鎮江，幸大學士楊一清第，臨故大學士靳貴喪。 九月己巳，漁于積水池，舟覆，救免，遂不豫。 冬十月庚戌，次通州。 十一月庚申，治交通宸濠者罪，執吏部尚書陸完赴行在。 十二月己丑，宸濠伏誅。 甲午，還京師，告捷於郊廟社稷。 丁酉，大祀天地於南郊。 初獻疾作，不克成禮。 是年，琉球、占城、佛郎機、土魯番入貢。
In the fifteenth year, on the new year's day, gengyin of the first month, the Emperor was at Nanjing. On guisi, the suburban sacrifice was postponed. In summer, on jiwei of the fourth month, famine relief was extended to the Huai and Yang prefectures. In the sixth month, on dingsi. He halted at Niushou Mountain, and the army panicked in the night. In autumn, in the seventh month, the Small Prince raided Datong and Xuanfu. In the eighth month, on guiwei, grain levies in Jiangxi were forgiven. In the intercalary month, on guisi, Jiangxi captives were presented. On dingyou, he departed Nanjing. On guimao, he halted at Zhenjiang, called at Grand Secretary Yang Yiqing's house, and attended the obsequies of the late Grand Secretary Jin Gui. In the ninth month, on jisi, he went fishing on Accumulated Water Pond; the boat overturned, he was pulled out alive, and thereafter fell ill. In winter, on gengxu of the tenth month, he halted at Tongzhou. In the eleventh month, on gengshen, those who had dealt with Chenhao were punished; Minister of Personnel Lu Wan was arrested and brought to the traveling palace. In the twelfth month, on jichou, Chenhao was put to death. On jiawu, he returned to the capital and announced victory at the suburban altars and the state temples. On dingyou, he performed the great suburban sacrifice to Heaven and Earth. At the first offering his illness seized him, and he could not finish the rite. That year envoys came from Ryukyu, Champa, the Franks, and Turfan.
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十六年春正月癸亥，改卜郊。 二月己亥，巡撫雲南副都御史何孟春討平彌勒州苗。 三月癸丑朔，日有食之。 庚申，改西宮廳為威武團營。 乙丑，大漸，諭司禮監曰：「朕疾不可為矣。 其以朕意達皇太后，天下事重，與閣臣審處之。 前事皆由朕誤，非汝曹所能預也。」 丙寅，崩于豹房，年三十有一。 遺詔召興獻王長子嗣位。 罷威武團營，遣還各邊軍，革京城內外皇店，放豹房番僧及教坊司樂人。 戊辰，頒遺詔於天下，釋系囚，還四方所獻婦女，停不急工役，收宣府行宮金寶還內庫。 庚午，執江彬等下獄。 世宗入立。 五月己未，上尊諡，廟號武宗，葬康陵。
In the sixteenth year, on guihai of the first month, the suburban sacrifice was postponed. In the second month, on jihai, He Mengchun, vice censor-in-chief and grand coordinator of Yunnan, campaigned and pacified the Miao of Mile Prefecture. On guichou, the new year's day of the third month, there was a solar eclipse. On gengshen, the Western Palace Office was renamed the Martial Prestige Regiment. On yichou, his illness turned critical; he instructed the Directorate of Ceremonial, saying, "My sickness cannot be cured. Carry my wishes to the Empress Dowager. The realm's affairs are weighty; let the Grand Secretaries weigh them and decide with care. What went before was all my fault, not something you could have prevented. On bingyin he died in the Leopard Quarters, aged thirty-one. His testament summoned the eldest son of the Prince of Xing to succeed. The Martial Prestige Regiment was abolished, frontier troops were sent home, imperial shops inside and outside the capital were shut down, and the foreign monks of the Leopard Quarters and the musicians of the Music Office were released. On wuchen, the testament was promulgated throughout the realm; prisoners were freed, women sent as tribute from the provinces were returned home, non-urgent labor levies were halted, and the gold and jewels of the Xuanfu traveling palace were gathered back into the inner treasury. On gengwu, Jiang Bin and his associates were arrested and imprisoned. Shizong entered the capital and took the throne. In the fifth month, on jiwei, posthumous honors were granted, the temple name Wuzong was bestowed, and he was buried at Kangling.
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贊曰：明自正統以來，國勢浸弱。 毅皇手除逆瑾，躬禦邊寇，奮然欲以武功自雄。 然耽樂嬉遊，暱近群小，至自署官號，冠履之分蕩然矣。 猶幸用人之柄躬自操持，而秉鈞諸臣補苴匡救，是以朝綱紊亂，而不底於危亡。 假使承孝宗之遺澤，制節謹度，有中主之操，則國泰而名完，豈至重後人之訾議哉！
The appraisal says: Since the Zhengtong reign the strength of the Ming state has gradually waned. Yihuang personally destroyed the traitor Jin, took the field himself against border raiders, and burned to make his martial fame his boast. Yet he gave himself to pleasure and roaming, clung to petty men, went so far as to invent his own titles—and the distinction between ruler and subject was utterly undone. Yet he still kept the power of appointment in his own hands, and the grand secretaries patched and pulled the realm back—so though court order was tangled, the dynasty did not fall into ruin. Had he inherited Xiaozong's legacy, kept measure and restraint, and shown the conduct of a middling ruler, the realm would have been secure and his name whole—how would he have drawn such heavy blame from later ages!