Volume 17 Annals 17: Shizong 1

【世宗一】

Annals: Shizong I.

世宗，欽天履道英毅神聖宣文廣武洪仁大孝肅皇帝，諱厚熜，憲宗孫也。父興獻王祐杬，國安陸，正德十四年薨。帝年十有三，以世子理國事。

Emperor Shizong—honored after death as one who venerated Heaven, trod the Way, and united heroic resoluteness, divine sagacity, expansive culture, extensive martial achievement, great benevolence, great filial piety, and reverence—was named Zhu Houcong and was the grandson of Emperor Xianzong. His father was Prince Xing, Zhu Youyuan, who held Anlu as his fief; he died in Zhengde fourteen. At thirteen he managed the fief as heir apparent.

十六年三月辛酉，未除服，特命襲封。丙寅，武宗崩，無嗣，慈壽皇太后與大學士楊廷和定策，遣太監谷大用、韋彬、張錦，大學士梁儲，定國公徐光祚，駙馬都尉崔元，禮部尚書毛澄，以遺詔迎王于興邸。夏四月癸未，發安陸。癸卯，至京師，止於郊外。禮官具儀，請如皇太子即位禮。王顧長史袁宗皋曰：「遺詔以我嗣皇帝位，非皇子也。」大學士楊廷和等請如禮臣所具儀，由東安門入居文華殿，擇日登極。不允。會皇太后趣群臣上箋勸進，乃即郊外受箋。是日日中，入自大明門，遣官告宗廟社稷，謁大行皇帝几筵，朝皇太后，出禦奉天殿，即皇帝位。以明年為嘉靖元年，大赦天下。恤錄正德中言事罪廢諸臣，賜天下明年田租之半，自正德十五年以前逋賦盡免之。丙午，遣使奉迎母妃蔣氏。召費宏復入閣。戊申，命禮臣集議興獻王封號。五月乙卯，罷大理銀礦。丙辰，梁儲致仕。壬戌，吏部侍郎袁宗皋為禮部尚書兼文淵閣大學士，預機務。壬申，強尼伏誅。六月戊子，江彬伏誅。乙未，縱內苑禽獸，令天下毋得進獻。丁酉，革錦衣衛冒濫軍校三萬餘人。戊戌，振江西災。壬寅，革傳升官。癸卯，振遼東饑。秋七月壬子，進士張璁言，繼統不繼嗣，請尊崇所生，立興獻王廟于京師。初，禮臣議考孝宗，改稱興獻王皇叔父，援宋程頤議濮王禮以進，不允。至是，下璁奏，命廷臣集議。楊廷和等抗疏力爭，皆不聽。癸丑，命自今親喪不得奪情，著為令。丁巳，小王子犯莊浪，指揮劉爵禦卻之。丙子，革錦衣衛所及監局寺廠司庫、旗校、軍士、匠役投充新設者，凡十四萬八千餘人。丁丑，寧津盜起。德平知縣龔諒死之。九月乙卯，袁宗皋卒。庚午，葬毅皇帝于康陵。冬十月己卯朔，追尊父興獻王為興獻帝，祖母憲宗貴妃邵氏為皇太后，母妃為興獻后。壬午，興獻后至自安陸。十一月庚戌，振江西災。丁巳，錄平宸濠功，封王守仁新建伯。甲戌，乾清宮成。罷廣西貢香。諭各鎮巡守備官，凡額外之征悉罷之。

In the third month of Zhengde sixteen, on xinyou, before mourning was complete, he was specially ordered to succeed to the princely title. On bingyin Emperor Wuzong died without heirs. Empress Dowager Cishou and Grand Secretary Yang Tinghe chose a successor and sent the eunuchs Gu Dayong, Wei Bin, and Zhang Jin, Grand Secretary Liang Chu, Duke of Dingguo Xu Guangzuo, Chief Commandant of Cavalry Cui Yuan, and Minister of Rites Mao Cheng to bring the prince from his residence at Xing by testamentary decree. In the fourth month of summer, on guiwei, he departed from Anlu. On guimao he reached the capital and stopped in the suburbs. Ritual officials drafted the ceremony and asked that his accession follow the rites prescribed for a crown prince. The prince turned to his chief administrator Yuan Zonggao and said, "The testament names me to succeed to the throne, not as an imperial prince. Grand Secretaries led by Yang Tinghe asked that he follow the rites the officials had drawn up—enter through the East Gate, take residence in Wenhua Hall, and ascend the throne on a chosen day. He refused. When the empress dowager pressed the ministers to submit memorials urging his accession, he accepted them in the suburbs. That day at noon he entered through the Great Ming Gate, sent officers to announce his accession at the ancestral temples and the altars of soil and grain, paid respects before the late emperor's mourning couch, attended upon the empress dowager, came forth to preside at the Hall of Upholding Heaven, and took the throne. The following year was declared the first year of the Jiajing reign and a general amnesty was proclaimed. Officials punished for remonstrance during the Zhengde reign were restored to favor; the realm was granted half the next year's field taxes; and all tax arrears dating before Zhengde fifteen were forgiven. On bingwu he sent envoys to escort his mother, Lady Jiang, to the capital. Fei Hong was recalled to the Grand Secretariat. On wushen he ordered ritual officials to convene and debate titles for Prince Xing. In the fifth month, on yimao, the Dali silver mines were shut down. On bingchen Liang Chu retired. On renxu Yuan Zonggao, vice minister of personnel, was made minister of rites and Wenyuan grand secretary and entered deliberations on state affairs. On renshen a powerful Buddhist nun was put to death. In the sixth month, on wuzi, Jiang Bin was put to death. On yiwei the birds and beasts of the imperial parks were set free, and the realm was forbidden to send further tribute of wild creatures. On dingyou more than thirty thousand fraudulently enrolled Jinyiwei officers and soldiers were struck from the rolls. On wuxu relief was sent to disaster-stricken Jiangxi. On renyin transmitted promotions were abolished. On guimao famine relief was sent to Liaodong. In the seventh month of autumn, on renzi, newly passed jinshi Zhang Cong argued that the throne passed by succession to the line, not by adoption as heir; he urged honoring the emperor's biological parents and building a temple to Prince Xing in the capital. Earlier ritual officials had proposed treating Xiaozong as the emperor's ritual father and retitling Prince Xing as Imperial Uncle Father, invoking Song Neo-Confucian Cheng Yi's debate over the Prince of Pu; the throne refused. At this juncture Zhang Cong's memorial was circulated and the court was ordered to debate it. Yang Tinghe and others submitted forceful memorials of protest, but the emperor would not listen. On guichou the throne ordered that hereafter no official could be recalled from parent mourning before the mourning period ended—a rule written into law. On dingsi the Little Prince struck Zhuanglang; Commander Liu Jue drove him back. On bingzi one hundred forty-eight thousand fraudulently enrolled personnel in the Jinyiwei and its subordinate bureaus, temples, factories, granaries, and the like were struck from the rolls. On dingchou bandits rose in Ningjin. Gong Liang, magistrate of Deping, was killed. In the ninth month, on yimao, Yuan Zonggao died. On gengwu the late Emperor Yidi was buried at Kangling. In the tenth month of winter, on the new moon of jimao, the emperor posthumously honored his father as Emperor Xing, his grandmother—the Xianzong emperor's Noble Consort Shao—as empress dowager, and his mother as Empress Xing. On renwu Empress Xing arrived from Anlu. In the eleventh month, on gengxu, relief was sent again to disaster-stricken Jiangxi. On dingsi the court rewarded those who suppressed Chenhao's rebellion; Wang Shouren was enfeoffed as Baron of Xinjian. On jiaxu the Palace of Heavenly Purity was completed. Tribute incense from Guangxi was abolished. Grand coordinators, patrol commanders, and garrison officers were ordered to abolish all levies beyond the statutory quotas.

嘉靖元年春正月癸丑，享太廟。己未，大祀天地於南郊。清甯宮後殿災。命稱孝宗皇考，慈壽皇太后聖母，興獻帝后為本生父母。己巳，甘州兵亂，殺巡撫都御史許銘。二月己卯，耕耤田。三月辛亥，弗提衛獻生豹，卻之。甲寅，釋奠于先師孔子。丁巳，上慈壽皇太后尊號曰昭聖慈壽皇太后，武宗皇后曰莊肅皇后。戊午，上皇太后尊號曰壽安皇太后，興獻后曰興國太后。夏四月壬辰，命各邊巡按御史三年一閱軍馬器械。秋七月己酉，以南畿、浙江、江西、湖廣、四川旱，詔撫按官講求荒政。九月辛未，立皇后陳氏。冬十月辛卯，振南畿、湖廣、江西、廣西災，免稅糧有差。壬辰，以災傷敕群臣修省。十一月庚申，壽安皇太后崩。十二月戊寅。振陝西被寇及山東礦賊流劫者。是年，琉球入貢。

In the first month of spring in Jiajing one, on guichou, the emperor offered at the Grand Temple. On jiwei he performed the great suburban sacrifice to Heaven and Earth at the Southern Altar. Fire destroyed the rear hall of the Qingning Palace. An edict proclaimed Xiaozong as ritual father, Empress Dowager Cishou as holy mother, and Emperor Xing and Empress Xing as the emperor's biological parents. On jisi soldiers at Ganzhou mutinied and killed Xu Ming, grand coordinator and censor-in-chief. In the second month, on jimao, the emperor plowed the sacred field. In the third month, on xinhai, the Futti Guard sent a live leopard as tribute; the court refused it. On jiayin the emperor offered the libation sacrifice to Confucius. On dingsi the court raised honorific titles: Empress Dowager Cishou became Empress Dowager Zhaosheng Cishou, and Wuzong's empress became Empress Zhuangsu. On wuwu the court raised further honorifics: the empress dowager became Empress Dowager Shouan and Empress Xing became Empress Dowager Xingguo. In the fourth month of summer, on renchen, frontier touring censors were ordered to inspect troops, horses, and arms every three years. In the seventh month of autumn, on jiyou, drought in the Southern Metropolitan Region, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Huguang, and Sichuan prompted an edict ordering provincial officials to devise famine relief policies. In the ninth month, on xinwei, Lady Chen was enthroned as empress. In the tenth month of winter, on xinmao, relief was sent to disaster-stricken areas in the Southern Metropolitan Region, Huguang, Jiangxi, and Guangxi, and tax and grain levies were remitted in varying degrees. On renchen the emperor ordered his ministers to examine themselves in the wake of natural disaster. In the eleventh month, on gengshen, Empress Dowager Shouan died. On wuyin of the twelfth month. Relief was sent to Shaanxi victims of raiding and to areas ravaged by roving Shandong mine bandits. That year Ryukyu sent tribute.

三年春正月丙寅朔，兩畿、河南、山東、陝西同時地震。丁丑，大祀天地於南郊。丙戌，南京刑部主事桂萼請改稱孝宗皇伯考，下廷臣議。是月，朵顏入寇。二月丙午，楊廷和致仕。庚戌，南京地震。三月壬申，振淮、揚饑。辛巳，振河南饑。夏四月己酉，上昭聖皇太后尊號曰昭聖康惠慈壽皇太后。庚戌，上興國太后尊號曰本生聖母章聖皇太后。癸丑，追尊興獻帝為本生皇考恭穆獻皇帝，大赦。辛酉，編修鄒守益請罷興獻帝稱考立廟，下錦衣衛獄。五月乙丑，蔣冕致仕。修撰呂柟言大禮未正，下錦衣衛獄。丁丑，遣使迎獻皇帝神主于安陸。己卯，吏部尚書石珤兼文淵閣大學士，預機務。六月，御史段續、陳相請正席書、桂萼罪，吏部員外郎薛蕙上《為人後解》，鴻臚少卿胡侍言張璁等議禮之失，俱下獄。秋七月乙亥，更定章聖皇太后尊號，去本生之稱。戊寅，廷臣伏闕固爭，下員外郎馬理等一百三十四人錦衣衛獄。癸未，杖馬理等於廷，死者十有六人。甲申，奉安獻皇帝神主于觀德殿。己丑，毛紀致仕。辛卯，杖修撰楊慎，檢討王元正，給事中劉濟、安磐、張漢卿、張原，御史王時柯於廷。原死，慎等戍謫有差。是月，免南畿、河南被災稅糧。八月癸巳，大同兵變，殺巡撫都御史張文錦。乙卯，吏部侍郎賈詠為禮部尚書兼文淵閣大學士，預機務。九月丙寅，定稱孝宗為皇伯考，昭聖皇太后為皇伯母，獻皇帝為皇考，章聖皇太后為聖母。丙子，詔天下。丙戌，土魯番入寇，圍肅州。兵部尚書金獻民總制軍務，署都督僉事杭雄充總兵官，太監張忠提督軍務，禦之。冬十一月己卯，戶部侍郎胡瓚提督宣、大軍務，都督魯綱充總兵官，討大同叛卒。十二月壬子，甘、涼寇退，召金獻民還。戊午，起致仕大學士楊一清為兵部尚書，總制陝西三邊軍務。是年，琉球入貢，魯迷國貢獅子、犀牛。

In the first month of spring in Jiajing three, on the new moon of bingyin, earthquakes struck the Two Metropolitan Regions, Henan, Shandong, and Shaanxi simultaneously. On dingchou he performed the great suburban sacrifice to Heaven and Earth. On bingxu Gui E, a director in the Nanjing Ministry of Justice, proposed retitling Xiaozong as Imperial Uncle Father; the memorial was sent to the court for debate. That month the Tatars of Duoyan raided the frontier. In the second month, on bingwu, Yang Tinghe retired. On gengxu an earthquake struck Nanjing. In the third month, on renshen, famine relief was sent to Huai and Yang. On xinsi famine relief was sent to Henan. In the fourth month of summer, on jiyou, the court raised Empress Dowager Zhaosheng's honorific to Empress Dowager Zhaosheng Kanghui Cishou. On gengxu the court raised Empress Dowager Xingguo's honorific to Actual-Birth Holy Mother, Empress Dowager Zhangsheng. On guichou the emperor posthumously honored his father as Actual-Birth Imperial Father, Emperor Gongmu Xian, and proclaimed a general amnesty. On xinyou Compiler Zou Shouyi memorialized to abolish the title of imperial father for Emperor Xing and tear down his temple; he was cast into Jinyiwei prison. In the fifth month, on yichou, Jiang Mian retired. Compiler Lü Cong argued that the Great Rites remained unsettled; he was cast into Jinyiwei prison. On dingchou the court sent envoys to bring the spirit tablet of Emperor Xian from Anlu. On jimao Minister of Personnel Shi Hu entered the Grand Secretariat as Wenyuan grand secretary. In the sixth month Censors Duan Xu and Chen Xiang called for punishing Xi Shu and Gui E; Personnel Director Xue Hui submitted his treatise An Explication of Being Another's Heir; Court of State Ceremonial Vice Director Hu Shi denounced the ritual errors of Zhang Cong and his allies; all were imprisoned. In the seventh month of autumn, on yihai, the court revised Empress Dowager Zhangsheng's honorific, stripping the words "actual birth." On wuyin court ministers knelt at the palace gate in fierce protest; one hundred thirty-four officials led by Director Ma Li were cast into Jinyiwei prison. On guiwei Ma Li and the others were flogged at court; sixteen died. On jiashen the spirit tablet of Emperor Xian was installed in the Guande Hall. On jichou Mao Ji retired. On xinmao Compiler Yang Shen, Compiler Wang Yuanzheng, supervising secretaries Liu Ji, An Pan, Zhang Hanqing, and Zhang Yuan, and Censor Wang Shike were flogged at court. Zhang Yuan died; Yang Shen and the others were exiled to frontier service in varying grades. That month tax and grain levies were forgiven in disaster-stricken parts of the Southern Metropolitan Region and Henan. In the eighth month, on guisi, soldiers at Datong mutinied and killed Zhang Wenjin, grand coordinator and censor-in-chief. On yimao Vice Minister of Personnel Jia Yong was made minister of rites and Wenyuan grand secretary. In the ninth month, on bingyin, the court settled the Great Rites titles: Xiaozong as Imperial Uncle Father, Empress Dowager Zhaosheng as Imperial Uncle Mother, Emperor Xian as Imperial Father, and Empress Dowager Zhangsheng as Holy Mother. On bingzi the decision was proclaimed throughout the realm. On bingxu Turfan raided and laid siege to Suzhou. Minister of War Jin Xianmin took overall command; Acting Regional Commander Hang Xiong was appointed overall field commander; the eunuch Zhang Zhong directed operations against the invaders. In the eleventh month of winter, on jimao, Vice Minister of Revenue Hu Zan took charge of the Xuanfu and Datong campaigns; Regional Commander Lu Gang was made overall commander to crush the mutineers at Datong. In the twelfth month, on renzi, the raiders withdrew from Gan and Liang and Jin Xianmin was recalled. On wuwu retired Grand Secretary Yang Yiqing was recalled as minister of war and put in overall command of the three Shaanxi frontiers. That year Ryukyu sent tribute, and Rum sent lions and rhinoceroses as tribute.

四年春正月丙寅，西海卜兒孩犯甘肅，總兵官姜奭擊敗之。辛未，大祀天地於南郊。二月乙卯，禁淹獄囚。三月壬午，仁壽宮災。夏五月甲戌，賜廬州知府龍誥官秩，詔天下仿誥備荒振濟法。庚辰，作世廟祀獻皇帝。八月戊子，作仁壽宮。冬十月丁亥，作玉德殿，景福、安喜二宮。十二月辛丑，《大禮集議》成，頒示天下。閏月乙卯朔，日有食之。乙亥，振遼東災。是年，天方入貢。

In the first month of spring in the fourth year, on bingyin, the Boerhai of the Western Sea struck Gansu, and Regional Commander Jiang Shi drove them back. On xinwei the emperor offered the great sacrifice to Heaven and Earth at the Southern Suburb. In the second month, on yimao, an edict forbade keeping prisoners locked up indefinitely. In the third month, on renwu, Renshou Palace was destroyed by fire. In summer, on jiaxu of the fifth month, Luzhou Prefect Long Gao was granted an official rank, and an edict ordered the whole realm to adopt his methods for storing grain against famine and distributing relief. On gengchen the Imperial Shrine was built to sacrifice to Emperor Xian. In the eighth month, on wuzi, Renshou Palace was constructed. In the tenth month of winter, on dinghai, Yude Hall and the two palaces, Jingfu and Anxi, were built. In the twelfth month, on xinchou, the Collected Deliberations on the Great Rites was finished and promulgated throughout the realm. On the first day of the intercalary month, yimao, there was a solar eclipse. On yihai famine relief was extended to the disaster-stricken Liaodong region. That year envoys came with tribute from Tianfang.

五年春正月乙未，大祀天地於南郊。二月甲寅，命道士邵元節為真人。庚辰，免山西被災稅糧。壬午，振京師饑。三月辛丑，賜龔用卿等進士及第、出身有差。丁未，定有司久任法。夏五月庚子，楊一清復入閣。秋七月庚寅，免四川被災稅糧。八月丙寅，振湖廣饑。九月己亥，章聖皇太后有事于世廟。冬十月辛亥朔，親享如太廟禮。壬子，振南畿、浙江災，免稅糧物料。庚午，頒禦制《敬一箴》于學宮。是年，暹羅入貢。

In the first month of spring in the fifth year, on yiwei, the emperor offered the great sacrifice to Heaven and Earth at the Southern Suburb. In the second month, on jiayin, the Daoist Shao Yuanjie was made a True Man. On gengchen taxes and grain levies were forgiven in disaster-stricken Shanxi. On renwu famine relief was extended to the hungry capital. In the third month, on xinchou, Gong Yongqing and other metropolitan graduates were granted jinshi and chushen ranks according to merit. On dingwei regulations were fixed on long tenure for local officials. In summer, on gengzi of the fifth month, Yang Yiqing reentered the Grand Secretariat. In autumn, on gengyin of the seventh month, taxes and grain levies were forgiven in disaster-stricken Sichuan. In the eighth month, on bingyin, famine relief was extended to the hungry in Huguang. In the ninth month, on jihai, Empress Dowager Zhangsheng performed rites at the Imperial Shrine. On the first day of the tenth month of winter, xinhai, the emperor personally performed the sacrifice according to the rites used at the Imperial Ancestral Temple. On renzi famine relief was extended to the disasters in the Southern Metropolitan Region and Zhejiang, and taxes, grain levies, and material levies were forgiven. On gengwu the emperor's own Admonition on Reverent Unity was promulgated to the state academies. That year envoys came with tribute from Siam.

六年春正月癸未，命群臣陳民間利病。己丑，大祀天地於南郊。二月辛亥，小王子犯宣府，參將王經戰死。癸亥，費宏、石珤致仕。庚午，召謝遷復入閣。三月庚辰，寇復犯宣府，參將關山戰死。甲午，禮部侍郎翟鑾為吏部侍郎兼翰林學士，入閣預機務。夏四月己巳，免廣西被災稅糧。五月丁丑朔，日有食之。丁亥，前南京兵部尚書王守仁兼左都御史，總制兩廣、江西、湖廣軍務，討田州叛蠻。秋八月庚戌，以議李福達獄，下刑部尚書顏頤壽、左都御史聶賢、大理寺卿湯沐等於錦衣衛獄，侍郎桂萼、張璁，少詹事方獻夫署三法司，雜治之。總制尚書王憲擊敗小王子于石臼墩。癸亥，賈詠致仕。庚午，振湖廣水災。九月己卯，免江西、河南、山西被災秋糧。壬午，頒《欽明大獄錄》於天下。冬十月戊申，兵部侍郎張璁為禮部尚書兼文淵閣大學士，預機務。是年，魯迷入貢。

In the first month of spring in the sixth year, on guiwei, the court ordered the ministers to report what helped or harmed the people. On jichou the emperor offered the great sacrifice to Heaven and Earth at the Southern Suburb. In the second month, on xinhai, the Little Prince struck Xuanfu, and Vice Commander Wang Jing was killed in battle. On guihai Fei Hong and Shi Bao retired from office. On gengwu Xie Qian was recalled to the Grand Secretariat. In the third month, on gengchen, the raiders again struck Xuanfu, and Vice Commander Guan Shan was killed in battle. On jiawu Zhai Luan, vice minister of rites, was made vice minister of personnel concurrent with Hanlin academician, entered the Grand Secretariat, and took up deliberation of state affairs. In summer, on jisi of the fourth month, taxes and grain levies were forgiven in disaster-stricken Guangxi. On the first day of the fifth month, dingchou, there was a solar eclipse. On dinghai former Nanjing Minister of War Wang Shouren was additionally made left censor-in-chief, put in overall command of military affairs in the Two Guangs, Jiangxi, and Huguang, and sent to campaign against the rebel tribes of Tianzhou. In autumn, on gengxu of the eighth month, because of the deliberations on the Li Fuda case, Minister of Punishments Yan Yishou, Left Censor-in-Chief Nie Xian, Chief Minister of the Court of Judicial Review Tang Mu, and others were cast into Jinyiwei prison; Vice Ministers Gui E and Zhang Cong and Junior Mentor Fang Xianfu were put in charge of the Three Judicial Offices and jointly tried the case. Overall Commander Wang Xian defeated the Little Prince at Shijiudun. On guihai Jia Yong retired from office. On gengwu famine relief was extended to the flood-stricken in Huguang. In the ninth month, on jimao, autumn grain levies were forgiven in disaster-stricken Jiangxi, Henan, and Shanxi. On renwu the Record of the August and Illuminating Great Cases was promulgated throughout the realm. In the tenth month of winter, on wushen, Zhang Cong, vice minister of war, was made minister of rites concurrent with Wenyuan grand secretary and took up deliberation of state affairs. That year envoys came with tribute from Rum.

七年春正月癸未，考核天下巡撫官。丙戌，大祀天地於南郊。三月戊寅，謝遷致仕。癸巳，右都御史伍文定為兵部尚書提督軍務，侍郎梁材督理糧儲，討雲南叛蠻。夏四月甲寅，甘露降，告於郊廟。六月辛丑，《明倫大典》成，頒示天下。癸卯，定議禮諸臣罪，追削楊廷和等籍。丁卯，雲南蠻平。秋七月己卯，追尊孝惠皇太后為太皇太后，恭穆獻皇帝為恭睿淵仁寬穆純聖獻皇帝。辛巳，尊章聖皇太后為章聖慈仁皇太后。戊子，詔天下。八月壬子，免河南被災稅糧。九月甲戌，王守仁討廣西蠻，悉平之。壬午，振嘉興、湖州災。冬十月丁未，皇后崩。十一月丙寅，立順妃張氏為皇后。十二月丙子，小王子犯大同，指揮趙源戰死。是年，琉球入貢。

In the first month of spring in the seventh year, on guiwei, grand coordinators throughout the realm were evaluated. On bingxu the emperor offered the great sacrifice to Heaven and Earth at the Southern Suburb. In the third month, on wuyin, Xie Qian retired from office. On guisi Right Censor-in-Chief Wu Wending was made minister of war in charge of military affairs, Vice Minister Liang Cai was put in charge of grain stores, and they were sent to campaign against rebel tribes in Yunnan. In summer, on jiayin of the fourth month, sweet dew fell, and the event was reported at the suburban altars and state temples. In the sixth month, on xinchou, the Great Canon of Human Relations was finished and promulgated throughout the realm. On guimao the crimes of the ministers who had deliberated on the rites were fixed, and Yang Tinghe and others were posthumously stripped of rank. On dingmao the Yunnan tribes were pacified. In autumn, on jimao of the seventh month, Empress Dowager Xiaohui was posthumously honored as Grand Empress Dowager, and the Reverent and Solemn Emperor Xian was posthumously honored as the Reverent, Sagacious, Profound, Benevolent, Broad, Solemn, Pure, and Sagely Emperor Xian. On xinsi Empress Dowager Zhangsheng was honored as Empress Dowager Zhangsheng, the Kind and Benevolent. On wuzi an edict was promulgated throughout the realm. In the eighth month, on renzi, taxes and grain levies were forgiven in disaster-stricken Henan. In the ninth month, on jiaxu, Wang Shouren campaigned against the Guangxi tribes and pacified them all. On renwu famine relief was extended to the disasters in Jiaxing and Huzhou. In the tenth month of winter, on dingwei, the Empress died. In the eleventh month, on bingyin, Consort Shun, Lady Zhang, was installed as Empress. In the twelfth month, on bingzi, the Little Prince struck Datong, and Commander Zhao Yuan was killed in battle. That year envoys came with tribute from Ryukyu.

八年春正月己亥，振山西災。庚戌，大祀天地於南郊。二月癸酉，吏部尚書桂萼兼武英殿大學士，預機務。丁丑，振襄陽饑。甲申，旱，躬禱於南郊。乙酉，禱於社稷。三月丙申，葬悼靈皇后。戊戌，振河南饑。甲寅，賜羅洪先等進士及第、出身有差。秋七月甲午，以議獄不當，下郎中魏應召等於獄，右都御史熊浹削籍。八月丙子，張璁、桂萼罷。壬午，始親祭山川，著為令。九月癸巳，召張璁復入閣。癸丑，楊一清罷。是月，免兩畿、河南被災稅糧，振江西、湖廣饑。冬十月癸亥朔，日有食之。己巳，除外戚世封，著為令。十一月庚子，召桂萼復入閣。甲辰，振浙江災。戊申，禱雪。己酉，雪。丁巳，親詣郊壇告謝。百官表賀。是年，天方、撒馬兒罕、土魯番入貢。

In the first month of spring in the eighth year, on jihai, famine relief was extended to the disaster in Shanxi. On gengxu the emperor offered the great sacrifice to Heaven and Earth at the Southern Suburb. In the second month, on guiyou, Minister of Personnel Gui E was additionally made Wuying grand secretary and took up deliberation of state affairs. On dingchou famine relief was extended to the hungry in Xiangyang. On jiashen drought struck, and the emperor personally prayed at the Southern Suburb. On yiyou he prayed at the altars of soil and grain. In the third month, on bingshen, Empress Daoling was buried. On wuxu famine relief was extended to the hungry in Henan. On jiayin Luo Hongxian and other metropolitan graduates were granted jinshi and chushen ranks according to merit. In autumn, on jiawu of the seventh month, because the deliberation on the case was improper, Bureau Director Wei Yingzhao and others were sent to prison, and Right Censor-in-Chief Xiong Jian was stripped of rank. In the eighth month, on bingzi, Zhang Cong and Gui E were dismissed from office. On renwu the emperor for the first time personally sacrificed to the mountains and rivers, and this was established as a standing regulation. In the ninth month, on guisi, Zhang Cong was recalled to the Grand Secretariat. On guichou Yang Yiqing was dismissed from office. That month taxes and grain levies were forgiven in the disaster-stricken Two Metropolitan Regions and Henan, and famine relief was extended to Jiangxi and Huguang. On the first day of the tenth month of winter, guihai, there was a solar eclipse. On jisi hereditary enfeoffment for consort kin was abolished, and this was established as a standing regulation. In the eleventh month, on gengzi, Gui E was recalled to the Grand Secretariat. On jiachen famine relief was extended to the disaster in Zhejiang. On wushen prayers were offered for snow. On jiyou it snowed. On dingsi the emperor personally went to the suburban altars to offer thanks. The hundred officials presented congratulations. That year envoys came with tribute from Tianfang, Samarkand, and Turfan.

九年春正月丁酉，大祀天地於南郊。丙午，作先蠶壇於北郊。丁巳，振山西饑。二月戊辰，耕耤田。乙亥，振京師饑。丁丑，禁官民服舍器用逾制。三月丁巳，皇后親蠶于北郊。夏四月丙戌，振延綏饑。五月己亥，更建四郊。六月癸亥，立曲阜孔、顏、孟三氏學。秋八月壬午，免江西被災稅糧。九月壬辰，罷雲南鎮守中官。乙未，免南畿被災秋糧。冬十一月辛丑，更正孔廟祀典，定孔子諡號曰至聖先師孔子。己酉，祀昊天上帝於南郊，禮成，大赦。是年，琉球入貢。

In the first month of spring in the ninth year, on dingyou, the emperor offered the great sacrifice to Heaven and Earth at the Southern Suburb. On bingwu the Altar of First Silkworms was built at the Northern Suburb. On dingsi famine relief was extended to the hungry in Shanxi. In the second month, on wuchen, the emperor plowed the sacred field. On yihai famine relief was extended to the hungry capital. On dingchou an edict forbade officials and commoners from exceeding prescribed regulations in dress, dwellings, utensils, and furnishings. In the third month, on dingsi, the Empress personally attended to silkworms at the Northern Suburb. In summer, on bingxu of the fourth month, famine relief was extended to the hungry in Yan-Sui. In the fifth month, on jihai, the four suburban altars were rebuilt. In the sixth month, on guihai, schools for the Kong, Yan, and Meng clans of Qufu were established. In autumn, on renwu of the eighth month, taxes and grain levies were forgiven in disaster-stricken Jiangxi. In the ninth month, on renchen, the eunuch garrison commissioners in Yunnan were abolished. On yiwei autumn grain levies were forgiven in the disaster-stricken Southern Metropolitan Region. In the eleventh month of winter, on xinchou, the court revised the Confucian temple rites and fixed Confucius's posthumous title as Ultimate Sage, First Teacher Confucius. On jiyou he sacrificed to Heaven at the southern suburb, and when the rite was finished proclaimed a general amnesty. That year Ryukyu sent tribute.

十年春正月辛卯，祈谷於大祀殿，奉太祖、太宗配。甲午，更定廟祀，奉德祖於祧廟。乙巳，桂萼致仕。二月甲戌，免廬、鳳、淮、揚被災秋糧。壬申，賜張璁名孚敬。三月戊申，罷四川分守中官。夏四月丁巳，皇后親蠶于西苑。甲子，禘於太廟。五月壬子，祀皇地祇于方澤。閏六月己丑，罷浙江、湖廣、福建、兩廣及獨石、萬全、永寧鎮守中官。秋七月癸丑，侍郎葉相振陝西饑。戊午，張孚敬罷。辛巳，鄭王厚烷獻白雀，薦之宗廟。八月辛丑，改安陸州曰承天府。九月乙丑，西苑宮殿成，設成祖位致祭，宴群臣。丙寅，禮部尚書李時兼文淵閣大學士，預機務。壬申，幸西苑，禦無逸殿，命李時、翟鑾進講，宴儒臣於豳風亭。冬十一月甲寅，祀天於南郊。戊辰，免陝西被災秋糧。丁丑，召張孚敬復入閣。十二月戊子，御史喻希禮、石金因修醮請宥議禮諸臣罪，下錦衣衛獄。

In spring of Jiajing ten, on xinmao of the first month, he offered the grain prayer at the Great Sacrifice Hall with Taizu and Taizong as co-honorees. On jiawu the ancestral temple rites were revised and Dezu was moved to the lineage shrine. On yisi Gui E retired. In the second month, on jiaxu, autumn grain tax was forgiven in the disaster-hit districts of Lu, Feng, Huai, and Yang. On renshen Zhang Cong received the conferred name Fu Jing. In the third month, on wushen, the court abolished the eunuch partition-defenders in Sichuan. In the fourth month of summer, on dingsi, the empress performed the silk-cultivation rite in the Western Park. On jiazi he performed the di sacrifice at the Imperial Ancestral Temple. In the fifth month, on renzi, he sacrificed to Earth at the Square Mound. In the intercalary sixth month, on jichou, resident eunuchs in Zhejiang, Huguang, Fujian, the Two Guangs, and at Dushi, Wanquan, and Yongning were abolished. In the seventh month of autumn, on guichou, Vice Minister Ye Xiang distributed famine relief in Shaanxi. On wuwu Zhang Fu Jing was removed from office. On xinsi Prince of Zheng Hou Zhan presented a white sparrow, and it was offered at the Ancestral Temple. In the eighth month, on xinchou, Anlu Prefecture was renamed Chengtian Prefecture. In the ninth month, on yichou, the Western Park palaces were finished; a seat for Chengzu was set up for sacrifice, and the court feasted the officials. On bingyin Li Shi, minister of rites, was also made grand secretary of the Wenyuan Pavilion and entered state deliberations. On renshen he went to the Western Park and held court in the Wuyi Hall, ordered Li Shi and Zhai Luan to lecture, and feasted scholar-officials at the Binfeng Pavilion. In the eleventh month of winter, on jiayin, he sacrificed to Heaven at the southern suburb. On wuchen autumn grain tax was forgiven in disaster-stricken Shaanxi. On dingchou Zhang Fu Jing was recalled to the Grand Secretariat. In the twelfth month, on wuzi, Censors Yu Xili and Shi Jin, for asking pardon for the Rites Controversy officials during Taoist rites, were cast into Jinyiwei prison.

十一年春正月辛未，祈谷於圜丘，始命武定侯郭勳攝事。二月戊戌，免湖廣被災稅糧。三月戊辰，賜林大欽等進士及第、出身有差。夏四月辛卯，續封常遇春、李文忠、鄧愈、湯和後為侯。五月丙子，前吏部尚書方獻夫兼武英殿大學士，預機務。六月壬午，免畿內被災秋糧。甲申，續封劉基後誠意伯。秋七月戊辰，免南畿被災夏稅。八月戊子，以星變敕群臣修省。辛丑，張孚敬罷。九月丁巳，振陝西饑。冬十月甲申，編修楊名以災異陳言，下獄謫戍。是月，免山東被災稅糧，振山西饑。十一月甲寅，四川巡撫都御史宋滄獻白兔，群臣表賀。庚申，祀天於南郊。十二月己亥，免畿內被災稅糧。是年，琉球、哈密、土魯番、天方、撒馬兒罕入貢。

In spring of Jiajing eleven, on xinwei of the first month, he offered the grain prayer at the Circular Altar and for the first time had Marquis of Wuding Guo Xun officiate in his stead. In the second month, on wuxu, tax grain was forgiven in disaster-stricken Huguang. In the third month, on wuchen, Lin Daqin and other metropolitan graduates received jinshi honors and appointments according to rank. In the fourth month of summer, on xinmao, descendants of Chang Yuchun, Li Wenzhong, Deng Yu, and Tang He were again enfeoffed as marquises. In the fifth month, on bingzi, former Minister of Personnel Fang Xianfu was also made grand secretary of the Wuying Hall and entered state deliberations. In the sixth month, on renwu, autumn grain tax was forgiven within the Metropolitan Region. On jiashen Liu Ji's descendant was again enfeoffed as Earl of Chengyi. In the seventh month of autumn, on wuchen, summer tax was forgiven in the disaster-hit Southern Metropolitan Region. In the eighth month, on wuzi, after celestial omens appeared, the emperor ordered his ministers to undertake self-examination. On xinchou Zhang Fu Jing was removed from office. In the ninth month, on dingsi, famine relief was distributed in Shaanxi. In the tenth month of winter, on jiashen, Compiler Yang Ming, for memorializing on disasters and portents, was imprisoned and exiled to frontier garrison service. That month tax grain was forgiven in disaster-stricken Shandong and famine relief was sent to Shanxi. In the eleventh month, on jiayin, Grand Coordinator of Sichuan Song Cang presented a white hare, and officials submitted congratulatory memorials. On gengshen he sacrificed to Heaven at the southern suburb. In the twelfth month, on jihai, tax grain was forgiven within the Metropolitan Region. That year Ryukyu, Hami, Turfan, Tianfang, and Samarkand sent tribute.

十二年春正月丙午，湖南巡撫都御史吳山獻白鹿，群臣表賀。自後，諸瑞異表賀以為常。丙辰，召張孚敬復入閣。是月，免浙江、河南被災稅糧。二月乙酉，振雲南饑。三月丙辰，釋奠于先師孔子。秋八月乙未，以皇子生，詔赦天下。九月庚戌，廣東巢賊亂，提督侍郎陶諧討平之。冬十月乙亥，大同兵亂，殺總兵官李瑾，代王奔宣府。丙子，下建昌侯張延齡於獄。十一月己亥，振遼東災。癸丑，翟鑾以憂去。十二月己卯，吉囊犯寧夏，總兵官王效、副總兵梁震擊敗之。是年，土魯番、天方入貢。

In spring of Jiajing twelve, on bingwu of the first month, Grand Coordinator of Hunan Wu Shan presented a white deer, and officials submitted congratulatory memorials. From then on, congratulatory memorials for auspicious portents became standard practice. On bingchen Zhang Fu Jing was recalled to the Grand Secretariat. That month tax grain was forgiven in disaster-stricken Zhejiang and Henan. In the second month, on yiyou, famine relief was distributed in Yunnan. In the third month, on bingchen, he performed the Libation sacrifice for Confucius, the First Teacher. In the eighth month of autumn, on yiwei, after a prince was born, the court proclaimed a general amnesty. In the ninth month, on gengxu, bandits in Guangdong's Chao region rose in rebellion, and Vice Commissioner-in-Chief Tao Xie put them down. In the tenth month of winter, on yihai, the Datong garrison mutinied, killed Regional Commander Li Jin, and the Prince of Dai fled to Xuanfu. On bingzi Marquis of Jianchang Zhang Yanling was thrown into prison. In the eleventh month, on jihai, disaster relief was distributed in Liaodong. On guichou Zhai Luan left office to mourn. In the twelfth month, on jimao, Jibao invaded Ningxia; Regional Commander Wang Xiao and Vice Commander Liang Zhen drove him back. That year Turfan and Tianfang sent tribute.

十三年春正月癸卯，廢皇后張氏。壬子，立德妃方氏為皇后。二月己丑，總督宣大侍郎張瓚撫定大同亂卒。辛卯，代王返國。三月壬申，振大同被兵者。乙酉，吉囊犯響水堡，參將任傑擊敗之。夏四月己酉，方獻夫致仕。六月甲子，南京太廟災。秋八月壬子，寇犯花馬池，梁震禦卻之。冬十一月庚午，祀天於南郊。是年，琉球入貢。

In spring of Jiajing thirteen, on guimao of the first month, Empress Zhang was deposed. On renzi Consort Fang was made empress. In the second month, on jichou, Grand Coordinator of Xuan-Da Zhang Zan pacified the Datong mutineers. On xinmao the Prince of Dai returned to his fief. In the third month, on renshen, relief was distributed to those harmed by the fighting at Datong. On yiyou Jibao struck Xiangshui Fort; Regional Vice Commander Ren Jie defeated him. In the fourth month of summer, on jiyou, Fang Xianfu retired. In the sixth month, on jiazi, fire destroyed the Imperial Ancestral Temple at Nanjing. In the eighth month of autumn, on renzi, raiders struck Huamachi, and Liang Zhen drove them back. In the eleventh month of winter, on gengwu, he sacrificed to Heaven at the southern suburb. That year Ryukyu sent tribute.

十四年春正月壬申，罷督理倉場中官。丙戌，莊肅皇后崩。二月己亥，作九廟。丁未，禁冠服非制。三月戊子，葬孝靜皇后于康陵。己丑，遼東軍亂，執都御史呂經。夏四月甲午，張孚敬致仕，召費宏復入閣。丙申，賜韓應龍等進士及第、出身有差。丙午，廣寧兵亂。六月，吉囊犯大同，總兵官魯綱禦卻之。秋七月甲申，廣甯亂卒平。八月乙巳，詔九卿會推巡撫官，著為令。冬十月戊申，費宏卒。十一月乙亥，祀天於南郊。是年，烏斯藏入貢。

In spring of Jiajing fourteen, on renshen of the first month, the court abolished the eunuch supervisors of granary depots. On bingxu Empress Zhuangsu died. In the second month, on jihai, construction of the Nine Temples began. On dingwei the throne forbade headgear and dress that violated statute. In the third month, on wuzi, Empress Xiaojing was buried at Kangling. On jichou the Liaodong garrison mutinied and seized Censor-in-Chief Lü Jing. In the fourth month of summer, on jiawu, Zhang Fu Jing retired and Fei Hong was recalled to the Grand Secretariat. On bingshen Han Yinglong and other metropolitan graduates received jinshi honors and appointments according to rank. On bingwu the Guangning garrison mutinied. In the sixth month Jibao invaded Datong, and Regional Commander Lu Gang drove him back. In the seventh month of autumn, on jiashen, the Guangning mutineers were pacified. In the eighth month, on yisi, an edict ordered the Nine Ministers to jointly recommend grand coordinators and made the practice permanent law. In the tenth month of winter, on wushen, Fei Hong died. In the eleventh month, on yihai, he sacrificed to Heaven at the southern suburb. That year U-Tsang sent tribute.

十五年春二月癸巳，振湖廣災。三月丙子，奉章聖皇太后如天壽山謁陵，免昌平今年稅糧三之二，賜高年粟帛。癸未，謁恭讓章皇后、景皇帝陵。是日還宮。夏四月癸巳，詔建山陵。癸卯，詣七陵祭告。癸丑，還宮。是月，吉囊犯甘、涼，總兵官姜奭擊敗之。秋九月庚午，如天壽山。丁丑，還宮。是秋，吉囊犯延綏，官軍四戰皆敗之。冬十月己亥，更定世廟為獻皇帝廟。戊申，如天壽山。壬子，還宮。十一月戊午，以皇長子生，詔赦天下。辛巳，祀天於南郊。十二月辛卯，九廟成。閏月癸亥，以定廟制，加上兩宮皇太后徽號，詔赦天下。乙丑，禮部尚書夏言兼武英殿大學士，預機務。丙寅，享九廟。是年，免山西、山東被災稅糧。琉球、烏斯藏入貢。

In spring of Jiajing fifteen, in the second month, on guisi, disaster relief was distributed in Huguang. In the third month, on bingzi, the court escorted Empress Dowager Zhangsheng to the Tianshou Mountains to visit the tombs, remitted two-thirds of Changping's taxes for the year, and granted grain and cloth to the aged. On guiwei he visited the tombs of Empress Gongrang Zhang and the Jing Emperor. That day the court returned to the palace. In the fourth month of summer, on guisi, an edict ordered the building of a mountain tomb. On guimao he offered sacrifice at all seven tombs. On guichou the court returned to the palace. That month Jibao invaded Gan and Liang, and Regional Commander Jiang Yi defeated him. In the ninth month of autumn, on gengwu, the emperor went to the Tianshou Mountains. On dingchou the court returned to the palace. That autumn Jibao invaded Yan-Sui; government troops fought four engagements and won them all. In the tenth month of winter, on jihai, the Spirit Temple was redesignated as the Temple of the Sacrifice Emperor. On wushen the emperor went to the Tianshou Mountains. On renzi the court returned to the palace. In the eleventh month, on wuwu, after the birth of the eldest imperial son, the court proclaimed a general amnesty. On xinsi he sacrificed to Heaven at the southern suburb. In the twelfth month, on xinmao, the Nine Temples were completed. In the intercalary month, on guihai, after the temple system was fixed, honorific titles were added for the two empress dowagers and a general amnesty was proclaimed. On yichou Xia Yan, minister of rites, was also made grand secretary of the Wuying Hall and entered state deliberations. On bingyin sacrifice was offered at the Nine Temples. That year tax grain was forgiven in disaster-stricken Shanxi and Shandong. Ryukyu and U-Tsang sent tribute missions.

十六年春二月壬子，安南黎寧遣使告莫登庸之難。癸酉，如天壽山。三月甲申，還宮。丙午，幸大峪山視壽陵。夏四月癸丑，還宮。六月癸酉，吉囊寇宣府，指揮趙鏜戰死。秋八月，復寇宣府，殺參將張國輔。冬十一月，故昌國公張鶴齡下獄，瘐死。是年，土魯番、天方、撒馬兒罕入貢。

In the sixteenth year, in the second month of spring, on renzi, Le Ninh of Annam sent envoys to report Mac Dang Dung's usurpation. On guiyou the emperor went to Tianshou Mountain. In the third month, on jiashen, he returned to the palace. On bingwu he visited Dayu Mountain to inspect the imperial mausoleum site. In summer, on guichou of the fourth month, he returned to the palace. In the sixth month, on guiyou, Jinang raided Xuanfu and Commander Zhao Tang was killed in battle. In the eighth month of autumn Jinang raided Xuanfu again and killed Assistant Regional Commander Zhang Guofu. In the eleventh month of winter the former Marquis of Changguo, Zhang Heling, was cast into prison and died there of illness. That year Turfan, Tianfang, and Samarqand sent tribute missions.

十七年春二月戊辰，如天壽山。壬申，還宮。三月壬辰，賜茅瓚等進士及第、出身有差。辛丑，咸甯侯仇鸞為征夷副將軍。充總兵官，兵部尚書毛伯溫參贊軍務，討安南莫登庸。夏四月庚戌，如天壽山。甲寅，還宮。戊午，罷安南師。甲子，禱雨於郊壇。戊辰，雨。六月，寇犯宣府，都指揮周冕戰死。丙辰，定明堂大饗禮。下戶部侍郎唐胄于獄。秋七月辛卯，開河南、雲南銀礦。癸巳，慈甯宮成。八月甲辰，吉囊犯河西，總督都御史劉天和禦卻之。丙辰，禮部尚書掌詹事府事顧鼎臣兼文淵閣大學士，預機務。九月戊寅，免畿內被災稅糧。辛巳，上太宗廟號成祖，獻皇帝廟號睿宗。遂奉睿宗神主祔太廟，躋武宗上。辛卯，大享上帝于玄極寶殿，奉睿宗配。乙未，如天壽山。丁酉，還宮。冬十一月辛未朔，詣南郊，上皇天上帝號。還詣太廟，上太祖高皇帝、高皇后尊號。辛卯，禮天於南郊。詔赦天下。乙未，免江西被災稅糧。十二月癸卯，章聖皇太后崩。壬子，如大峪山相視山陵。甲寅，還宮。乙卯，李時卒。戊午，振寧夏災。是年，琉球、土魯番入貢。

In the seventeenth year, in the second month of spring, on wuchen, the emperor went to Tianshou Mountain. On renshen he returned to the palace. In the third month, on renchen, palace graduates including Mao Zan were granted jinshi honors with distinctions between top-tier and regular passes. On xinchou Qiu Luan, Marquis of Xianning, was made vice general for the punitive campaign against the Yi. He was also made overall commander, and Minister of War Mao Bowen was appointed to assist with military affairs in the campaign against Mac Dang Dung of Annam. In summer, on gengxu of the fourth month, the emperor went to Tianshou Mountain. On jiayin he returned to the palace. On wuwu the Annam expedition was called off. On jiazi the court prayed for rain at the suburban altar. On wuchen rain fell. In the sixth month raiders struck Xuanfu and Chief Commander Zhou Mian was killed in battle. On bingchen the great feast rites of the Bright Hall were established. Vice Minister of Revenue Tang Chen was imprisoned. In the seventh month of autumn, on xinmao, silver mines in Henan and Yunnan were opened. On guisi Cining Palace was completed. In the eighth month, on jiachen, Jinang invaded Hexi and Grand Coordinator Liu Tianhe drove him back. On bingchen Gu Dingchen, minister of rites and director of the heir apparent's household, was also made grand secretary of the Wenyuan Hall and entered into deliberation on state affairs. In the ninth month, on wuyin, tax grain was forgiven in disaster-stricken areas of the metropolitan region. On xinsi Taizong was given the temple name Chengzu and the Xian Emperor the temple name Ruizong. Thereupon Ruizong's spirit tablet was enshrined in the Imperial Ancestral Temple, placed above Wuzong. On xinmao the High Lord was greatly feasted in the Xuanki Precious Hall, with Ruizong as spirit partner. On yiwei the emperor went to Tianshou Mountain. On dingyou he returned to the palace. In the eleventh month of winter, on the new moon of xinwei, the emperor went to the Southern Suburb and bestowed the honorific title on the Supreme Lord of Heaven. He then went to the Imperial Ancestral Temple and bestowed honorific titles on the Great Ancestor and the Great Empress. On xinmao Heaven was worshipped at the Southern Suburb. An edict proclaimed a general amnesty throughout the realm. On yiwei tax grain was forgiven in disaster-stricken Jiangxi. In the twelfth month, on guimao, Empress Dowager Zhangsheng died. On renzi the emperor went to Dayu Mountain to inspect the mausoleum site. On jiayin he returned to the palace. On yimao Li Shi died. On wuwu the court sent relief for disaster in Ningxia. That year Ryukyu and Turfan sent tribute missions.

十八年春二月庚子朔，立皇子載壑為皇太子，封載為裕王，載圳景王。辛丑，詔赦天下。起黃綰為禮部尚書，宣諭安南。壬寅，起翟鑾為兵部尚書兼右都御史，充行邊使。丁未，祈谷于玄極寶殿。先賢曾子裔孫質粹為翰林院世襲《五經》博士。壬子，振遼東饑。癸丑，安南莫方瀛請降。乙卯，幸承天，太子監國。辛酉，次真定，望於北嶽。丁卯，次衛輝，行宮火。三月己巳，渡河，祭大河之神。辛未，次鈞州，望於中嶽。甲戌，免畿內被災稅糧。庚辰，至承天。辛巳，謁顯陵。甲申，享上帝于龍飛殿，奉睿宗配。秩于國社、國稷，遍群祀。戊子，禦龍飛殿受賀，詔赦天下。給復承天三年，免湖廣明年田賦五之二，畿內、河南三之一。夏四月壬子，至自承天。壬戌，免湖廣被災稅糧。甲子，幸大峪山。丙寅，還宮。秋閏七月庚申，葬獻皇后于顯陵。辛酉，復命仇鸞、毛伯溫征安南。九月辛酉，如天壽山。侍郎王杲振河南饑。冬十月丙寅，還宮。十一月丙申，祀天於南郊。是年，日本、哈密入貢。

In the eighteenth year, on the new moon of gengzi in the second month of spring, Prince Zhu Zaihe was invested as crown prince, Zhu Zaihou was enfeoffed as Prince of Yu, and Zhu Zaiji as Prince of Jing. On xinchou an edict proclaimed a general amnesty throughout the realm. Huang Wan was recalled as minister of rites to proclaim the imperial message to Annam. On renyin Zhai Luan was recalled as minister of war and concurrent right censor-in-chief and made frontier commissioner. On dingwei the court prayed for grain at the Xuanki Precious Hall. Zhi Cui, a lineal descendant of the sage Zengzi, was made hereditary Doctor of the Five Classics in the Hanlin Academy. On renzi the court sent relief for famine in Liaodong. On guichou Mac Phuong Ung of Annam requested surrender. On yimao the emperor visited Chengtian while the crown prince supervised the realm. On xinyou he stopped at Zhending and gazed upon the Northern Peak. On dingmao he stopped at Weihui, where the traveling palace caught fire. In the third month, on jisi, he crossed the river and sacrificed to the god of the Great River. On xinwei he stopped at Junzhou and gazed upon the Central Peak. On jiaxu tax grain was forgiven in disaster-stricken areas of the metropolitan region. On gengchen he arrived at Chengtian. On xinsi he paid reverence at Xianling. On jiashen the High Lord was feasted in Longfei Hall, with Ruizong as spirit partner. Sacrifice was offered at the altars of state soil and grain, and the full round of rites was performed. On wuzi the emperor received congratulations in Longfei Hall and proclaimed a general amnesty throughout the realm. Chengtian was granted three years' tax relief; Huguang's land tax for the coming year was cut by two-fifths, and that of the metropolitan region and Henan by one-third. In summer, on renzi of the fourth month, the emperor returned from Chengtian. On renxu tax grain was forgiven in disaster-stricken Huguang. On jiazi the emperor visited Dayu Mountain. On bingyin he returned to the palace. In the intercalary seventh month of autumn, on gengshen, Empress Xian was buried at Xianling. On xinyou Qiu Luan and Mao Bowen were again ordered to campaign against Annam. In the ninth month, on xinyou, the emperor went to Tianshou Mountain. Vice Minister Wang Gao distributed relief for famine in Henan. In the tenth month of winter, on bingyin, the emperor returned to the palace. In the eleventh month, on bingchen, Heaven was worshipped at the Southern Suburb. That year Japan and Hami sent tribute missions.

十九年春正月丙午，召翟鑾復入閣。辛亥，吉囊寇大同，殺指揮周岐。三月戊戌，詔修仁壽宮。夏六月辛巳，瓦剌部長款塞。秋七月癸卯，吉囊入萬全右衛，總兵官白爵逆戰于宣平，敗之。壬子，又敗之于桑乾河。戊午，振江西災。八月丁丑，太僕卿楊最諫服丹藥，予杖死。九月，吉囊犯固原，周尚文敗之于黑水苑。延綏總兵官任傑追擊於鐵柱泉，又敗之。己酉，召仇鸞還。冬十月庚申，罷礦場。甲子，顧鼎臣卒。十一月丙辰，慈慶宮成。是年，琉球、日本入貢。

In the nineteenth year, in the first month of spring, on bingwu, Zhai Luan was summoned back into the Grand Secretariat. On xinhai Jinang raided Datong and killed Commander Zhou Qi. In the third month, on wuxu, an edict ordered the repair of Renshou Palace. In summer, on xinsi of the sixth month, the Oirat chieftain submitted to the frontier. In the seventh month of autumn, on guimao, Jinang entered Wanquan Right Guard; Regional Commander Bai Jue met him at Xuanping and defeated him. On renzi he was defeated again on the Sanggan River. On wuwu the court sent relief for disaster in Jiangxi. In the eighth month, on dingchou, Yang Zui, minister of the imperial stud, remonstrated against taking elixir pills and was beaten to death with the staff. In the ninth month Jinang invaded Guyuan and Zhou Shangwen defeated him at Heishui Park. Ren Jie, regional commander of Yan-sui, pursued him to Tiezhu Spring and defeated him again. On jiyou Qiu Luan was recalled. In the tenth month of winter, on gengshen, mining fields were abolished. On jiazi Gu Dingchen died. In the eleventh month, on bingchen, Ciqing Palace was completed. That year Ryukyu and Japan sent tribute missions.

二十年春正月，免南畿被災稅糧。二月乙丑，顯陵成，給復承天三年。丙寅，御史楊爵言時政，下錦衣衛獄。三月乙巳，賜沈坤等進士及第、出身有差。是春，吉囊寇蘭州，參將鄭東戰死。夏四月己未，莫登庸納款，改安南國為安南都統使司，以登庸為都統使。辛酉，九廟災，毀成祖、仁宗主。丙子，詔行寬恤之政。五月戊子，采木於湖廣、四川。甲寅，振遼東饑。六月，振畿內、山西饑。秋七月丁酉，俺答、阿不孩遣使款塞求貢，詔卻之。是月，免河南、陝西、山東被災稅糧。八月辛酉，昭聖皇太后崩。庚辰，夏言罷。是月，俺答、阿不孩、吉囊分道入寇，總兵官趙卿帥京營兵，都御史翟鵬理軍務，禦之。九月乙未，翊國公郭勳有罪，下獄死。辛亥，俺答犯山西，入石州。冬十月癸丑，振山西被寇者，復徭役二年。丁卯，召夏言復入閣。十一月辛卯，葬敬皇后于泰陵。丙申，免四川被災稅糧。是年，琉球入貢。

In the twentieth year, in the first month of spring, tax grain was forgiven in the disaster-stricken Southern Metropolitan Region. In the second month, on yichou, Xianling was completed and Chengtian was granted three years' tax relief. On bingyin Censor Yang Jue spoke on current affairs and was cast into Jinyiwei prison. In the third month, on yisi, palace graduates including Shen Kun were granted jinshi honors with distinctions between top-tier and regular passes. That spring Jinang raided Lanzhou and Assistant Regional Commander Zheng Dong was killed in battle. In summer, on jiwei of the fourth month, Mac Dang Dung submitted; the kingdom of Annam was reorganized as the Annam Pacification Commission, and Dang Dung was made pacification commissioner. On xinyou the Nine Temples burned, destroying the spirit tablets of Chengzu and Renzong. On bingzi an edict ordered lenient and relieving policies throughout the realm. In the fifth month, on wuzi, timber was gathered in Huguang and Sichuan. On jiayin the court sent famine relief to Liaodong. In the sixth month famine relief was sent to the metropolitan region and Shanxi. In the seventh month of autumn, on dingyou, Anda and Abudai sent envoys seeking peace at the frontier and requesting tribute; the court refused. That month tax grain was forgiven in disaster-stricken Henan, Shaanxi, and Shandong. In the eighth month, on xinyou, Empress Dowager Zhaosheng died. On gengchen Xia Yan was dismissed from office. That month Anda, Abudai, and Jinang invaded by separate routes; Regional Commander Zhao Qing led capital garrison troops, and Censor-in-Chief Zhai Peng directed military affairs to resist them. In the ninth month, on yiwei, Duke of Yiguo Guo Xun was found guilty, cast into prison, and died there. On xinhai Anda invaded Shanxi and entered Shizhou. In the tenth month of winter, on guichou, relief was sent to those harmed by the raid in Shanxi, and corvée was remitted for two years. On dingmao Xia Yan was summoned back into the Grand Secretariat. In the eleventh month, on xinmao, Empress Jing was buried at Tailing. On bingshen tax grain was forgiven in disaster-stricken Sichuan. That year Ryukyu sent a tribute mission.

二十一年夏四月庚申，大高玄殿成。閏五月戊辰，俺答、阿不孩遣使款大同塞，巡撫都御史龍大有誘殺之。六月辛卯，俺答寇朔州。壬寅，入雁門關。丁未，犯太原。秋七月己酉朔，日有食之。夏言罷。己未，俺答寇潞安，掠沁、汾、襄垣、長子，參將張世忠戰死。八月辛巳，募兵于直隸、山東、河南。壬午，振山西被兵州縣，免田租。癸巳，禮部尚書嚴嵩兼武英殿大學士，預機務。九月癸亥，員外郎劉魁諫營雷殿，予杖下獄。冬十月丁酉，宮人謀逆伏誅，磔端妃曹氏、甯嬪王氏於市。是年，免畿內、陝西、河南、福建被災稅糧。安南入貢。

In the twenty-first year, in the fourth month of summer, on gengshen, the Great Exalted Mysterious Hall was completed. In the intercalary fifth month, on wuchen, Anda and Abudai sent envoys seeking peace at the Datong frontier; Grand Coordinator Long Dayou lured them in and killed them. In the sixth month, on xinmao, Anda raided Shuozhou. On renyin he entered Yanmen Pass. On dingwei he attacked Taiyuan. In the seventh month of autumn, on the jiyou new moon, there was a solar eclipse. Xia Yan was dismissed from office. On jiwei Anda raided Lu'an, plundered Qin, Fen, Xiangyuan, and Changzi, and Assistant Regional Commander Zhang Shizhong was killed in battle. In the eighth month, on xinsi, troops were recruited in Zhili, Shandong, and Henan. On renwu relief was sent to Shanxi prefectures and counties harmed by the fighting, and field rents were forgiven. On guisi Yan Song, minister of rites, was also made grand secretary of the Wuying Hall and entered state deliberations. In the ninth month, on guihai, Assistant Department Director Liu Kui remonstrated against building the Thunder Hall; he was beaten with the staff and cast into prison. In the tenth month of winter, on dingyou, palace women who plotted rebellion were executed; Consort Duan, née Cao, and Lady Wang of Ning were dismembered in the marketplace. That year tax grain was forgiven in disaster-stricken areas of the metropolitan region, Shaanxi, Henan, and Fujian. Annam sent a tribute mission.

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