1
志第十六地理一
Treatise Sixteen: Geography, Part One.
2
自黃帝畫野置監，唐、虞分州建牧，沿及三代，下逮宋、元，廢興因革此類推，萬物無所差別，「天與地卑，山與澤平」。 其學說與，前史備矣。 明太祖奮起淮右，首定金陵，西克湖、湘，東兼吳、會，然後遣將北伐，並山東，收河南，進取幽、燕，分軍四出，芟除秦、晉，訖於嶺表。 最後削平巴、蜀，收復滇南。 禹跡所奄，盡入版圖。 近古以來，所未有也。
From the Yellow Emperor mapping the realm and appointing overseers, through Tang and Yu dividing domains and installing regional lords, and on through the Three Dynasties down to Song and Yuan, rise and fall follow the same logic—nothing in the world is truly apart. As the saying has it: "Heaven stands no higher than earth; mountains stand no higher than marshes." Those doctrines, and the fuller accounts in earlier histories, are already on record. The Ming founder rose in the Huai River region, first took Jinling, then conquered Hunan and Hubei in the west and Wu and Zhejiang in the east, sent armies north to seize Shandong and Henan, pushed into Hebei and Beijing, fanned out on four fronts to subdue Shaanxi and Shanxi, and reached the far south. He finally pacified Sichuan and recovered southern Yunnan. Every region within Yu the Great's traditional domain was brought into the imperial map. Nothing like it had been seen in recent antiquity.
3
洪武初，建都江表，革元中書省，以京畿應天諸府直隸京師。 後乃盡革行中書省，置十三布政使司，分領天下府州縣及羈縻諸司。 又置十五都指揮使司以領衛所番漢諸軍，其邊境海疆則增置行都指揮使司，而於京師建五軍都督府，俾外都指揮使司各以其方附焉。 成祖定都北京，北倚羣山，東臨滄海，南面而臨天下，乃以北平爲直隸，又增設貴州、交址二布政使司。 仁、宣之際，南交屢叛，旋復棄之外徼。
In early Hongwu the court set the capital on the lower Yangtze, abolished the Yuan Central Secretariat, and placed the Yingtian prefectures under direct capital jurisdiction. Later it abolished every provincial commission and created thirteen provincial administration commissions to govern the empire's prefectures, departments, counties, and loosely ruled frontier offices. It also set up fifteen regional military commands over guards, posts, and mixed frontier and Han forces; added frontier regional commands along borders and coasts; and at the capital founded the Five Armies supreme command, to which the outer commands were attached by region. The Yongle emperor moved the capital to Beijing, backed by mountains and facing the sea to the east, ruling the realm from the south-facing throne. He made Beiping a directly attached region and added provincial administration commissions for Guizhou and Jiaozhi. Under the Hongxi and Xuande reigns Jiaozhi rebelled repeatedly and was soon abandoned to the outer frontier.
4
終明之世，爲直隸者二：曰京師，曰南京。 爲布政使司者十三：曰山東，曰山西，曰河南，曰陝西，曰四川，曰湖廣，曰浙江，曰江西，曰福建，曰廣東，曰廣西，曰云南，曰貴州。 其分統之府百有四十，州百九十有三，縣千一百三十有八。 羈縻之府十有九，州四十有七，縣六。 編裏六萬九千五百五十有六。 而兩京都督府分統都指揮使司十有六，行都指揮使司五，曰北平、曰山西、曰陝西、曰四川、曰福建，留守司二。 所屬衛四百九十有三，所二千五百九十有三，守禦千戶所三百一十有五。 又土官宣慰司十有一，宣撫司十，安撫司二十有二，招討司一，長官司一百六十有九，蠻夷長官司五。 其邊陲要地稱重鎮者凡九：曰遼東，曰薊州，曰宣府，曰大同，曰榆林，曰寧夏，曰甘肅，曰太原，曰固原。 皆分統衛所關堡，環列兵戎。 綱維佈置，可謂深且固矣。
For the whole Ming period there were two directly attached regions: the capital and Nanjing. There were thirteen provincial administration commissions: Shandong, Shanxi, Henan, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Huguang, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, and Guizhou. Under them stood 140 prefectures, 193 departments, and 1,138 counties. In loosely ruled territories there were 19 prefectures, 47 departments, and 6 counties. Registered li totaled 69,556. The two capitals' supreme commands oversaw sixteen regional military commands and five frontier regional commands—Beiping, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, and Fujian—plus two garrison commands. Under them were 493 guards, 2,593 posts, and 315 defensive thousand-household posts. Native offices included 11 pacification commissions, 10 consolation commissions, 22 soothing commissions, 1 punitive commission, 169 chieftain offices, and 5 barbarian chieftain offices. Nine frontier strongholds ranked as major garrisons: Liaodong, Jizhou, Xuanfu, Datong, Yulin, Ningxia, Gansu, Taiyuan, and Guyuan. Each commanded a ring of guards, posts, passes, and forts with troops stationed around them. The overall military layout was deep and firm indeed.
5
計明初封略，東起朝鮮，西據吐番，南包安南，北距大磧用，東西一萬一千七百五十里，南北一萬零九百四里。 自成祖棄大寧，徙東勝，宣宗遷開平於獨石，世宗時復棄哈密、河套，則東起遼海，西至嘉峪，南至瓊、崖，北抵雲、朔，東西萬餘里，南北萬里。 其聲教所訖，歲時納贄，而非命吏置籍，侯尉羈屬者，不在此數。 嗚呼盛矣！
At the dynasty's height the realm ran from Korea in the east to Tibet in the west, Annan in the south, and the northern deserts—11,750 li east to west and 10,094 li north to south. After Yongle gave up Da Ning, shifted Dong Sheng, Xuande moved Kaiping to Dushi, and the Jiajing court again abandoned Hami and the Ordos bend, the frontier ran from Liaodong to Jiayu Pass, Hainan and Yazhou in the south, and Datong-Shuozhou in the north—over ten thousand li each way. States that accepted Ming ritual and sent annual tribute but were not assigned regular officials, registers, or frontier commandants are not included in these figures. Truly it was magnificent!
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論者謂交趾之棄，未爲失圖，而開平近遷，則守衛益薄，雖置萬全都指揮使司，不足以鎮伏山後諸部，故再傳而有土木之變。 然睿皇自以失律蒙塵，非由經制未備。 景帝任賢才，修守禦，國步未移，乘輿旋復。 由是觀之，三衛者，一隅之隘，而無關大計也審矣。 至其季世，流寇首禍於西陲，浸尋蔓延，中原爲之糜爛。 金湯之固不足以制土崩，皈宇之廣不足以成掎角。 疆圉不蹙於曩時，形勝無虧於初盛，而強弱懸殊，興亡異數者，天降喪亂，昏椓內訌，人事之乖，而非地利之失也。 語曰：「在德不在險」，詎不信夫!今考其升降之差，沿革之故，具著於篇。 作《地理志》。
Commentators hold that giving up Jiaozhi was not a strategic blunder, but moving Kaiping closer in thinned frontier defense; even the Wanquan regional command could not hold down the tribes beyond the mountains, and within two reigns came the Tumu disaster. Yet the captured emperor blamed his own military failure, not a defective institutional framework. The Jingtai emperor appointed able men and strengthened defenses; the dynasty did not falter, and the throne was soon restored. Seen in this light, the three guards were a narrow corner of the frontier and scarcely mattered to the larger design. In the dynasty's final years rebel armies first rose on the western frontier and spread until the central plains lay in ruins. Fortresses of bronze could not stop the empire from crumbling; vast territory could not be turned into mutual support. Borders were no narrower than before and terrain no weaker than at the height of power, yet strength and weakness diverged wildly—because Heaven sent chaos, rulers grew corrupt, and factions tore the court apart. The fall was human, not geographical. As the proverb says, "Safety lies in virtue, not in walls"—and how true that proved. What follows records every shift in jurisdiction and every change in administration. Thus the Geography Treatise was written.
7
京師南京
▲ The Capital and Nanjing
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京師《禹貢》冀、兗、豫三州之域，元直隸中書省。 洪武元年四月分屬河南、山東兩行中書省。 二年三月置北平等處行中書省，治北平府。 先屬山東、河南者皆復其舊。 領府八，州三十七，縣一百三十六。 八月置燕山都衛。 與行中書省同治。 八年十月改都衛爲北平都指揮使司。 九年六月改行中書省爲承宣布政使司。 永樂元年正月建北京於順天府，稱爲「行在」。 二月罷北平布政使司，以所領直隸北京行部； 罷北平都指揮使司，以所領直隸北京留守行後軍都督府。 十九年正月改北京爲京師。 罷北京留守行後軍都督府，直隸後軍都督府。 衛所有實土者附見，無實土者不載。 罷北京行部，直隸六部。 洪熙初，仍稱行在。 正統六年十一月罷稱行在，定爲京師。 府八，直隸州二，屬州十七，縣一百一十六。 爲裏三千二百三十有奇。 府州縣建置沿革，俱自元始。 其沿革年月已見《元史志》者，不載。 其未見《元史志》及明改元舊，並新增、新廢者，悉書。 北至宣府，外爲邊地。 東至遼海，與山東界。 南至東明，與山東、河南界。 西至阜平，與山西界。 洪武二十六，年編戶三十三萬四千七百九十二，口一百九十二萬六千五百九十五。
▲ The Capital lay in the Ji, Yan, and Yu regions of the Yu Gong; under the Yuan it formed part of the directly governed Central Secretariat. In the fourth month of Hongwu 1 it was split between the Henan and Shandong provincial commissions. In the third month of year 2 a provincial commission for Beiping and adjacent areas was created, seated at Beiping prefecture. Territories previously assigned to Shandong and Henan were restored to their former jurisdictions. It governed eight prefectures, thirty-seven departments, and 136 counties. In the eighth month the Yanshan regional guard was established. It shared the same seat as the provincial commission. In the tenth month of year 8 the regional guard became the Beiping regional military command. In the sixth month of year 9 the provincial commission became a provincial administration commission. In the first month of Yongle 1 Beijing was founded at Shuntian prefecture and styled the "traveling residence." In the second month the Beiping provincial administration commission was abolished and its jurisdictions placed under the Beijing traveling ministry. The Beiping regional military command was abolished and its forces placed under the Beijing garrison traveling Rear Army supreme command. In the first month of year 19 Beijing was renamed the capital. The Beijing garrison traveling Rear Army supreme command was abolished and its forces placed directly under the Rear Army supreme command. Guards and posts with fixed territory are noted where relevant; those without territory are omitted. The Beijing traveling ministry was abolished and the region placed under the Six Ministries. At the start of the Hongxi reign it was again called the traveling residence. In the eleventh month of Zhengtong 6 the "traveling residence" title was dropped and the city fixed as the capital. It comprised eight prefectures, two directly attached departments, seventeen dependent departments, and 116 counties. Registered li numbered somewhat more than 3,230. Changes in prefectures, departments, and counties are traced from the Yuan onward. Dates already given in the Yuan History are not repeated. Entries absent from the Yuan History, Ming renaming, and newly created or abolished units are all listed. To the north it reached Xuanfu; beyond lay the frontier. To the east it reached the Liaodong coast, bordering Shandong. To the south it reached Dongming, bordering Shandong and Henan. To the west it reached Fuping, bordering Shanxi. In Hongwu 26 it had 334,792 registered households and 1,926,595 persons.
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順天府元大都路，直隸中書省。 洪武元年八月改爲北平府。 十月屬山東行省。 二年三月改屬北平。 三年四月建燕王府。 永樂元年正月升爲北京，改府爲順天府。 永樂四年閏七月詔建北京宮殿，修城垣。 十九年正月告成。 宮城週六里一十六步，亦曰紫禁城。 門八：正南第一重曰承天，第二重曰端門，第三重曰午門，東曰東華，西曰西華，北曰玄武。 宮城之外爲皇城，週一十八里有奇。 門六：正南曰大明，東曰東安，西曰西安，北曰北安，大明門東轉曰長安左，西轉曰長安右。 皇城之外曰京城，週四十五里。 門九：正南曰麗正，正統初改曰正陽； 南之左曰文明，後曰崇文； 南之右曰順城，後曰宣武； 東之南曰齊化，後曰朝陽； 東之北曰東直； 西之南曰平則，後曰阜成； 西之北曰彰儀，後曰西直； 北之東曰安定； 北之西曰德勝。 嘉靖三十二年築重城，包京城之南，轉抱東西角樓，長二十八里。 門七：正南曰永定，南之左爲左安，南之右爲右安，東曰廣渠，東之北曰東便，西曰廣寧，西之北曰西便。 領州五，縣二十二。 弘治四年編戶一十萬五百一十八，口六十六萬九千三十三。 萬曆六年，戶一十萬一千一百三十四，口七十萬六千八百六十一。
Shuntian prefecture had been the Yuan Dadu circuit under the directly governed Central Secretariat. In the eighth month of Hongwu 1 it became Beiping prefecture. In the tenth month it was placed under the Shandong provincial commission. In the third month of year 2 it was transferred back to Beiping jurisdiction. In the fourth month of year 3 the mansion of the Prince of Yan was established. In the first month of Yongle 1 it was elevated to Beijing and the prefecture renamed Shuntian. In the intercalary seventh month of Yongle 4 an edict ordered construction of the Beijing palaces and repair of the city walls. In the first month of year 19 the work was declared complete. The palace city measured six li and sixteen paces in circumference and was also called the Forbidden City. It had eight gates: on the south, from outside in, Chengtian, Duan, and Wu; on the east Donghua; on the west Xihua; on the north Xuanwu. Outside the palace city lay the imperial city, somewhat more than eighteen li around. It had six gates: Daming on the south; Dong'an on the east; Xi'an on the west; Bei'an on the north; and, branching from Daming Gate, Chang'an Left to the east and Chang'an Right to the west. Beyond the imperial city stood the outer capital, forty-five li in circuit. It had nine gates: on the south, Lizheng—renamed Zhengyang early in Zhengtong; to the south-left, Wenming, later Chongwen; to the south-right, Shuncheng, later Xuanwu; on the east-south, Qihua, later Chaoyang; on the east-north, Dongzhi; on the west-south, Pingze, later Fucheng; on the west-north, Zhangyi, later Xizhi; on the north-east, Anding; on the north-west, Desheng. In Jiajing 32 an outer wall was built around the southern sector of the capital, curving to join the eastern and western corner towers—twenty-eight li long. It had seven gates: Yongding on the south; Zuo'an to the south-left; You'an to the south-right; Guangqu on the east; Dongbian on the east-north; Guangning on the west; Xibian on the west-north. It governed five departments and twenty-two counties. In Hongzhi 4 it had 100,518 registered households and 669,033 persons. In Wanli 6 there were 100,134 households and 706,861 persons.
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大興倚。 東南有大通河，亦日通惠河，水自玉河出，繞都城東南，下流至高麗莊，入白河，即元運河也。 又有玉河，源自玉泉山，流經大內，出都城東南，注大通河。
Daxing (seat-attached county). To the southeast runs the Grand Canal, also called the Tonghui River. Its water issues from the Jade River, skirts the capital's southeast, flows to Gaolizhuang, and joins the Bai River—the Yuan-era transport canal. The Jade River rises at Jade Spring Mountain, passes through the inner palace, leaves the capital's southeast, and empties into the Grand Canal.
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宛平倚。 西山在西。 有桑乾河出山西馬邑縣，流千里入京師宛平縣境。 出盧溝橋下，又東南分爲二：一至通州，入白河； 一至武清小直沽，合衛河，入於海。 又有沙河、高梁河、清河，皆在西北。 西又有沿河口守禦千戶所，有盧溝、王平口、石港口、齊家莊四巡檢司。
Wanping (seat-attached county). The Western Hills lie to the west. The Sanggan River rises in Mayi county, Shanxi, flows a thousand li, and enters Wanping county within the capital region. It passes beneath Lugou Bridge and splits southeast into two branches: one runs to Tongzhou and joins the Bai River; the other runs to Xiaozhigou in Wuqing, joins the Wei River, and reaches the sea. The northwest also has the Sha, Gaoliang, and Qing rivers. To the west stands the Yanhekou defensive thousand-household post, with patrol inspectorates at Lugou, Wangpingkou, Shigangkou, and Qijiazhuang.
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良鄉府西南。 有琉璃河，即古聖水，下流入澱。 北有天津關。
Liangxiang county lies southwest of the prefecture. The Liuli River—the ancient Shengshui—flows down into the marshlands. To the north is Tianjin Pass.
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固安府西南。 元固安州。 洪武元年十二月降爲縣。 西南有拒馬河，即淶水。 源自代郡，下流合易水爲白溝，入三角澱。
Gu'an county lies southwest of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it was Gu'an department. In the twelfth month of Hongwu 1 it was reduced to a county. To the southwest runs the Juma River, also called the Laishui. It rises in Dai commandery, joins the Yi River downstream as the Baigou, and enters Sanjiao Moor.
14
永清府南。 南有拒馬河。
Yongqing county lies south of the prefecture. To the south is the Juma River.
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東安府東南。 元東安州，治在西。 洪武元年十二月降爲縣。 三年徙今治。 南有鳳河，即桑乾分流，南入三角澱。
Dong'an county lies southeast of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it was Dong'an department, with its seat in the west. In the twelfth month of Hongwu 1 it was reduced to a county. In year 3 the seat was moved to its present site. To the south is the Feng River, a branch of the Sanggan, which flows south into Sanjiao Moor.
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香河府東南。 元屬漷州。 洪武十年二月省入州。 十三年二月復置，改屬府。 西有板罾口河，源出通州東之孤山，經縣界，入於白河。
Xianghe county lies southeast of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it belonged to Hu department. In the second month of Hongwu 10 it was absorbed into the department. In the second month of year 13 it was restored and placed under the prefecture. To the west is the Bazengkou River, rising at Gu Mountain east of Tongzhou, crossing the county, and joining the Bai River.
17
通州洪武初，以州治潞縣省入。 西有通惠河，西南有渾河，即桑乾，至州東張家灣，俱合於白河。 有張家灣巡檢司。 西南有弘仁橋巡檢司。 西距府四十里。 領縣四：
Tongzhou Department: in early Hongwu the seat-administered Lu county was absorbed. To the west is the Tonghui River; to the southwest the Hun River—the Sanggan—which, with the Tonghui, meets the Bai River at Zhangjiawan east of the department. It has a patrol inspectorate at Zhangjiawan. To the southwest is the Hongren Bridge patrol inspectorate. It lies forty li west of the prefectural seat. It governed four counties:
18
三河州東。 北有泃河。 又西有洳河，西南有鮑丘河，一名矣榆河，即東潞水，俱流入於泃河。 西有泥窪鋪巡檢司，後移於夏店鋪。
Sanhe department, to the east. To the north is the Ju River. To the west is the Ru River; to the southwest the Baoqiu, also called the Yi River—the eastern Lu River—all empty into the Ju. To the west was the Niwapu patrol inspectorate, later moved to Xiadianpu.
19
武清州南。 元屬漷州。 洪武十二年來屬。 有三角澱，在縣南，即古之雍奴，週二百餘里，諸水所聚。 有直沽，在縣東南，衛河、白河、丁字沽合流於此入海。 有巡檢司。 又東北有河西務、東南有楊村二巡檢司。
Wuqing department, to the south. Under the Yuan it belonged to Hu department. In Hongwu 12 it came under this jurisdiction. Sanjiao Moor lies south of the county—the ancient Yongnu—some two hundred li in circuit, where the rivers converge. At Zhigu in the southeast, the Guard River, Bai River, and Dingzi Moor unite and reach the sea. There is a patrol inspectorate. To the northeast is Hexiwu and to the southeast Yangcun—two patrol inspectorates.
20
漷縣州南。 元漷州。 洪武十四年二月降爲縣來屬。 有漷河，一名新河，東入於白河，即盧溝之下流。
Hu county department, to the south. Under the Yuan it was Hu department. In the second month of Hongwu 14 it was reduced to a county and placed under this jurisdiction. The Hu River, also called the Xin, flows east into the Bai—the lower course of the Lugou.
21
寶坻州東南。 元直隸大都路。 洪武十年二月來屬。 東有潮河。 南有泃河。 又縣東南有樑城守禦千戶所，建文二年，燕王置。 有蘆臺巡檢司。
Baodi department, to the southeast. Under the Yuan it was part of the directly attached Dadu circuit. In the second month of Hongwu 10 it came under this jurisdiction. To the east is the Chao River. To the south is the Ju River. Southeast of the county is the Liangcheng defensive thousand-household post, established by the Prince of Yan in Jianwen 2. There is a patrol inspectorate at Lutai.
22
霸州洪武初，以州治益津縣省入。 拒馬河舊在北，後徙治南。 又南有沙河。 東有苑家口巡檢司。 北距府二百十里。 領縣三：
Bazhou Department: in early Hongwu the seat-administered Yijin county was absorbed. The Juma River once lay to the north; later the seat was moved south of it. To the south is also the Sha River. To the east is the Yuanjiakou patrol inspectorate. It lies 210 li north of the prefectural seat. It governed three counties:
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文安州南少東。 西有易水。 東北有得勝、火燒等澱。
Wen'an department, south-southeast of the seat. To the west is the Yi River. To the northeast are Desheng, Huoshao, and other moors.
24
大城州東南。 東北有黃汊河，源自交河，分流至縣境，入三角澱。
Dacheng department, to the southeast. To the northeast the Huangcha River branches from the Jiao River into the county and enters Sanjiao Moor.
25
保定州南少西。 洪武七年九月省入霸州。 十三年十一月復置。 玉帶河在北，東流入會通河。 西南有磁河，東南與玉帶河合。
Baoding department, south-southwest of the seat. In the ninth month of Hongwu 7 it was absorbed into Bazhou. In the eleventh month of year 13 it was restored. The Jade Belt River lies to the north and flows east into the Grand Canal. To the southwest is the Ci River, which meets the Jade Belt River in the southeast.
26
涿州洪武初以州治范陽縣省入。 西有獨鹿山。 北有涿水，西北有挾河，合焉。 南有範水。 東北距府百四十里。 領縣一。
Zhuozhou Department: in early Hongwu the seat-administered Fanyang county was absorbed. To the west is Dulu Mountain. To the north is the Zhuo River; from the northwest the Xia River joins it. To the south is the Fan River. It lies 140 li northeast of the prefectural seat. It governed one county.
27
房山州北，少西。 西有大房山。 北有大安山。 西南有青龍潭，其下流爲挾河，一名韓村河，至涿州與胡良河合。 北有磁家務巡檢司。
Fangshan department, north-northwest of the seat. To the west is Great Fang Mountain. To the north is Great An Mountain. Southwest lies Qinglong Pool; its outlet, the Xia or Hancun River, reaches Zhuozhou and joins the Huliang River. To the north is the Cijiawu patrol inspectorate.
28
昌平州元昌平縣，直隸大都路。 正德元年七月升爲州，旋罷。 八年復升爲州。 舊治白浮圖城，景泰元年築永安城於東，三年遷縣治焉。 北有天壽山，成祖以下陵寢鹹在。 東南有白浮山。 西南有駐蹕山。 又南有榆河，一名溫餘河，下流爲沙河，入於白河。 又東南有鞏華城，嘉靖十九年築。 東北有黃花鎮。 弘治中，置渤海守禦千戶所於此，萬曆元年移於慕田峪，四年復故。 西有鎮邊城，又有常峪城，俱正德十年五月築，各置守禦千戶所。 又有白陽守禦千戶所，亦正德中置。 西北有居庸關。 南距府九十里。 領縣三：
Changping Department: under the Yuan it was Changping county in the directly attached Dadu circuit. In the seventh month of Zhengde 1 it was promoted to a department, then soon abolished. In year 8 it was again promoted to a department. The old seat was at White Floating Pagoda City; in Jingtai 1 Yong'an City was built to the east, and in year 3 the county seat was moved there. To the north is Tianshou Mountain, where the imperial mausoleums from the Yongle emperor onward all stand. To the southeast is White Floating Mountain. To the southwest is Imperial Sojourn Mountain. To the south is the Yu or Wanyu River, which becomes the Sha River and joins the Bai. To the southeast is Gonghua City, built in Jiajing 19. To the northeast is Huanghua Town. In the Hongzhi period a Bohai defensive thousand-household post was placed here; in Wanli 1 it moved to Mutianyu, and in year 4 returned to this site. To the west are Zhenbian City and Changyu City—both built in the fifth month of Zhengde 10, each with its own defensive thousand-household post. A Baiyang defensive thousand-household post was also established in the Zhengde period. To the northwest is Juyong Pass. It lies ninety li south of the prefectural seat. It governed three counties:
29
順義州東少南。 元順州。 洪武元年十二月改爲順義縣，屬府。 正德元年七月來屬。 東有白河，西南有榆河，又有潮河，俱流入焉。
Shunyi department, east-southeast of the seat. Under the Yuan it was Shun department. In the twelfth month of Hongwu 1 it became Shunyi county under the prefecture. In the seventh month of Zhengde 1 it came under this department's jurisdiction. The Bai River lies to the east, the Yu to the southwest, and the Chao also flows in.
30
懷柔州東北。 洪武元年十一月省入檀州。 十二月復分密雲、昌平二縣地置，屬府。 正德元年七月來屬。 東有黍谷山。 西有白河。
Huairou department, to the northeast. In the eleventh month of Hongwu 1 it was absorbed into Tan department. That twelfth month it was re-established from territory carved out of Miyun and Changping counties and placed under the prefecture. In the seventh month of Zhengde 1 it was placed under [Changping Prefecture's] jurisdiction. To the east lies Shugu Valley Mountain. To the west lies the Bai River.
31
薊州洪武初，以州治漁陽縣省入。 西北有盤山。 東北有崆峒山。 又泃水在北，沽河在南。 州北有黃崖峪、寬佃峪等關。 東又有石門鎮。 西距府二百里。 領縣四：
Jizhou: at the beginning of Hongwu the prefectural seat, Yuyang County, was abolished and merged into the prefecture. To the northwest lies Panshan. To the northeast lies Kongtong Mountain. The Ju River lies to the north and the Gu River to the south. North of the prefecture stand Huangya Pass, Kuandian Pass, and other frontier passes. To the east is Shimen Fort. Two hundred li west of the prefectural seat. It governed four counties:
32
豐潤州東南。 南有沙河。 西南有浭水。
Fengrun, southeast of the prefectural seat. To the south is the Sha River. To the southwest is the Heng River.
33
遵化州東。 東北有五峯山。 南有靈靈山及龍門峽。 又東有灤河。 西南有梨河。 北有喜峯口、馬蘭峪、鬆亭等關。
Zunhua, east of the prefectural seat. To the northeast is Wufeng Mountain. To the south are Lingling Mountain and Longmen Gorge. To the east is the Luan River. To the southwest is the Li River. To the north lie Xifeng Pass, Malan Pass, Songting Pass, and other passes.
34
保定府元保定路，直隸中書省。 洪武元年九月爲府。 十月屬河南分省。 二年三月來屬。 領州三，縣十七。 東北距京師三百五十里。 弘治四年編戶五萬六百三十九，口五十八萬二千四百八十二。 萬曆六年，戶四萬五千七百一十三，口五十二萬五千八十三。
Baoding Prefecture was under Yuan the Baoding Route of the Zhili Central Secretariat. In the ninth month of Hongwu 1 it became a prefecture. In the tenth month it was placed under the Henan Branch Secretariat. In the third month of Hongwu 2 it was reassigned [to this circuit]. It governed three prefectures and seventeen counties. Three hundred fifty li northeast of the capital. In Hongzhi 4: 50,639 registered households and a population of 582,482. In Wanli 6: 45,713 households and a population of 525,083.
35
清苑倚。 北有徐河，一名大冊水，自滿城經縣北至安州，東入澱。 又西有清苑河。 又南有張登巡檢司，嘉靖十三年自滿城縣方順橋移置於此。
Qingyuan County, the prefectural seat. To the north is the Xu River, also called the Dace River, which runs from Mancheng through the county north to Anzhou and east into the Dian marshes. To the west is also the Qingyuan River. South also is the Zhangdeng Inspection Office, transferred in Jiajing 13 from Fangshun Bridge in Mancheng County.
36
滿城府西少北。 洪武十年五月省入慶都縣。 十三年十一月復置。 北有徐河。 南有方順河。
Mancheng, slightly northwest of the prefectural seat. In the fifth month of Hongwu 10 it was abolished and merged into Qingdu County. It was restored in the eleventh month of Hongwu 13. To the north is the Xu River. To the south is the Fangshun River.
37
安肅府北少東。 元安肅州。 洪武二年七月降爲縣。 易水在北。 曹河在南。 徐河在西。 西南又有鮑河。 又西有遂州，元屬保定路。 洪武初降爲縣。 八年二月省。
Ansu, slightly northeast of the prefectural seat. Under Yuan it was Ansu Prefecture. In the seventh month of Hongwu 2 it was reduced to a county. The Yi River lies to the north. The Cao River lies to the south. The Xu River lies to the west. To the southwest is also the Bao River. To the west was also Suizhou, under Yuan subordinate to Baoding Route. At the beginning of Hongwu it was reduced to a county. In the second month of Hongwu 8 it was abolished.
38
定興府北少東。 元屬易州。 洪武六年五月改屬府。 西有拒馬河，即淶水也。 又易水自西來，合焉，謂之白溝河。 南有河陽巡檢司，後移於清苑縣界之固城鎮。
Dingxing, slightly northeast of the prefectural seat. Under Yuan it was subordinate to Yi Prefecture. In the fifth month of Hongwu 6 it was reassigned to the prefecture. To the west is the Juma River, i.e. the Lai River. The Yi River also enters from the west and joins it, forming the Baigou River. South is the Heyang Inspection Office, later moved to Gucheng Fort on the Qingyuan County border.
39
新城府東北。 元屬雄州。 洪武初屬北平府。 六年五月改屬府。 南有白溝河。 西南有巨河鎮巡檢司。
Xincheng, northeast of the prefectural seat. Under Yuan it was subordinate to Xiong Prefecture. At the beginning of Hongwu it was subordinate to Beiping Prefecture. In the fifth month of Hongwu 6 it was reassigned to this prefecture. To the south is the Baigou River. To the southwest is the Juhe Fort Inspection Office.
40
雄府東北。 元雄州。 洪武二年七月省州治歸信縣入焉。 七年四月降爲縣。 北有白溝河。 南有瓦濟河。
Xiong, northeast of the prefectural seat. Under Yuan it was Xiong Prefecture. In the seventh month of Hongwu 2 the prefectural seat, Guixin County, was abolished and merged in. In the fourth month of Hongwu 7 it was reduced to a county. To the north is the Baigou River. To the south is the Waji River.
41
容城府東北。 元屬雄州。 洪武七年四月省入州。 十三年十一月復置，來屬。 舊治在拒馬河南，景泰二年遷於河北。 西有易水，又有濡水。
Rongcheng, northeast of the prefectural seat. Under Yuan it was subordinate to Xiong Prefecture. In the fourth month of Hongwu 7 it was abolished and merged into the prefecture. Restored in the eleventh month of Hongwu 13 and reassigned here. The former seat lay south of the Juma River; in Jingtai 2 it was moved north of the river. To the west are the Yi River and the Ru River.
42
唐府西，少南。 西北有大茂山，即恆嶽也，東麓有嶽嶺口巡檢司。 又唐河在西，源出恆山，流經定州曰滱水，下流合於南易水。 又西北有倒馬關，有巡檢司，後移於縣西之橫河口。 又有周家鋪、軍城鎮二巡檢司。
Tang County, west and slightly south of the prefectural seat. To the northwest is Damao Mountain, i.e. Mount Heng; on its eastern slope is the Yueling Pass Inspection Office. The Tang River lies to the west, rising on Mount Heng; where it passes Dingzhou it is called the Yu River, and its lower course joins the southern Yi River. Northwest also is Daoma Pass, with an inspection office later moved to Henghekou west of the county. There are also inspection offices at Zhoujia Post and Juncheng Fort.
43
慶都府西南，南有唐河。 北有祁水。
Qingdu, southwest of the prefectural seat; the Tang River lies to its south. To the north is the Qi River.
44
博野府南。 舊治在今蠡縣界，直隸保定路。 洪武元年從今治，改屬祁州。 六年五月還屬府。 西北有博水。 南有唐河，亦曰滱水。 又有永安鎮巡檢司，有鐵燈盞巡檢司。
Boye, south of the prefectural seat. Its former seat lay on the present Li County border, directly under the Baoding Route. In Hongwu 1 it was moved to its present seat and reassigned to Qizhou. In the fifth month of Hongwu 6 it was returned to this prefecture. To the northwest is the Bo River. To the south is the Tang River, also called the Yu River. It also has the Yong'an Fort and Tiedengzhan inspection offices.
45
蠡府南少東。 元蠡州，屬真定路。 洪武二年七月來屬。 八年正月降爲縣。 楊村河在南，滋、沙、唐三河之下流也，俗亦謂之唐河。
Li County, south-southeast of the prefectural seat. Under Yuan it was Li Prefecture, subordinate to the Zhending Route. In the seventh month of Hongwu 2 it was reassigned here. In the first month of Hongwu 8 it was reduced to a county. To the south is the Yangcun River, the combined lower course of the Zi, Sha, and Tang rivers, popularly also called the Tang River.
46
完府西。 元完州。 洪武二年七月降爲縣。 西有伊祁山，祁水出焉，其下流爲方順河。
Wan County, west of the prefectural seat. Under Yuan it was Wan Prefecture. In the seventh month of Hongwu 2 it was reduced to a county. To the west is Yiji Mountain, whence the Qi River flows; its lower course is the Fangshun River.
47
祁州洪武二年七月以州治蒲陰縣省入。 北有唐河，西南有滋河，至州東南合沙河，流入易水。 北距府百二十里。 領縣二：
Qizhou: in the seventh month of Hongwu 2 the prefectural seat, Puyin County, was abolished and merged in. To the north is the Tang River; to the southwest the Zi River; southeast of the prefecture it joins the Sha River and flows into the Yi River. One hundred twenty li north of Baoding Prefecture. It governed two counties:
48
深澤州南少西。 西有滋河。
Shenze, south-southwest of the prefectural seat. The Zi River lies to the west.
49
束鹿州東南。 北有故城。 今治，天啓二年所徙。 滹沱河在南。 又南有百天口巡檢司。
Shulu—southeast of Qi Prefecture. An old county seat lies to the north. The present seat was moved here in Tianqi 2. The Hutuo River lies to the south. Farther south is the Baitiankou patrol inspectorate.
50
安州洪武二年七月以州治葛城縣省入。 七年降爲縣。 十三年十一月復升爲州。 北有易水，府境九河之水所匯也，下流至雄縣南，爲瓦濟河。 西距府七十里。 領縣二：
Anzhou—in the seventh month of Hongwu 2, Gecheng, the former county seat, was abolished and merged into the zhou. In year 7 it was demoted to a county. In the eleventh month of year 13 it was again elevated to a zhou. To the north is the Yi River, where the nine rivers of the prefecture converge; below Xiong county it becomes the Waji River. It lies seventy li west of the prefectural seat. Two counties:
51
高陽州南。 元屬安州，洪武六年五月改屬府。 尋屬蠡州。 八年正月省入蠡縣。 十三年十一月復置，還屬。 故城在東，洪武三年圮於水，遷於今治。 東有馬家河，其上流爲蠡縣之楊村河。
Gaoyang—south of Anzhou. Under Yuan it belonged to Anzhou; in the fifth month of Hongwu 6 it was transferred to the prefecture. It was soon placed under Lixian. In the first month of year 8 it was abolished and merged into Li county. In the eleventh month of year 13 it was re-established and restored to Anzhou. The old seat lay to the east; in Hongwu 3 it was ruined by flood and the county moved to the present site. The Majia River lies to the east; its upper course is Li county's Yangcun River.
52
新安州東少北。 元直隸保定路。 洪武七年七月省入安州。 十三年十一月復置，來屬。 西有長流河，一名長溝河，其上源爲鮑河。 南有曹河，又有徐河，經縣南，合流爲溫義河，又南與長流河合，又東南入於瓦濟河。
Xin'an—east slightly north of Anzhou. Under Yuan it reported directly to Baoding Route. In the seventh month of Hongwu 7 it was abolished and merged into Anzhou. In the eleventh month of year 13 it was re-established and placed under Anzhou. The Changliu, or Long Ditch, River lies to the west; its upper source is the Bao River. The Cao and Xu rivers run south of the county and unite as the Wenyi River, which joins the Changliu farther south and then flows southeast into the Waji River.
53
易州洪武初，以州治易縣省入。 西南有五回山，雷溪出焉，徐河之上源也。 西北有窮獨山，濡水所出。 又南有易水，出州境之西山，與濡水並東流，而爲白溝河，所謂北易水也。 又有雹水，一名鮑河，出縣西南，東南流爲長流河，所謂南易水也。 西有紫荊關，洪武中置守禦千戶所於此。 又有安座嶺、五回嶺、金陂鎮、奇峯口、塔崖口五巡檢司。 南距府百二十里。 領縣一：
Yizhou—in early Hongwu, Yi county, the former seat, was abolished and merged into the zhou. Wuhui Mountain lies to the southwest; Lei Creek rises there as the upper Xu River. Qiongdu Mountain lies to the northwest, source of the Ru River. The Yi River also runs south from the western hills of the zhou, joins the Ru flowing east, and becomes the Baigou—the Northern Yi River. The Baoshui, also called the Bao River, rises in the county's southwest, flows southeast as the Changliu—the Southern Yi River. Zijing Pass lies to the west; in Hongwu a defense garrison thousand-household office was posted there. Patrol inspectorates also stood at Anzuo Ridge, Wuhui Ridge, Jinpi town, Qifeng Pass, and Tayakou. It lies one hundred twenty li south of the prefectural seat. One county:
54
淶水州東北。 東有淶水，亦曰拒馬河，源出山西代郡，下流合易水。 北有乾河口、西北有黃兒莊二巡檢司。
Laishui—northeast of Yizhou. The Laishui, or Juma, River lies to the east; it rises in Dai commandery, Shanxi, and joins the Yi downstream. Patrol inspectorates stood at Qianhekou to the north and Huang'erzhuang to the northwest.
55
河間府元河間路，直隸中書省。 洪武元年十月爲府，屬河南分省。 二年三月來屬。 領州二，縣十六。 北距京師四百十里。 弘治四年編戶四萬二千五百四十八，口三十七萬八千六百五十八。 萬曆六年，戶四萬五千二十四，口四十一萬九千一百五十二。
Hejian Prefecture—under Yuan, Hejian Route of the Central Secretariat. In the tenth month of Hongwu 1 it became a prefecture under the Henan sub-region. In the third month of year 2 it was brought under metropolitan jurisdiction. It governed two zhou and sixteen counties. It lies four hundred ten li north of the capital. In Hongzhi 4 it had 42,548 registered households and 378,658 persons. In Wanli 6 there were 45,024 households and 419,152 persons.
56
河間倚。 西南有滹沱河。 西有滱水。 西南有景和鎮巡檢司。
Hejian (seat-attached county). The Hutuo River lies to the southwest. The Fu River lies to the west. The Jinghe town patrol inspectorate lay to the southwest.
57
獻府南。 元獻州。 洪武初，省州治樂壽縣入焉。 八年四月降爲縣。 有滹沱河自代郡流入境，經縣南，至青縣合衛河達於海。 有單家橋巡檢司。
Xian county—south of the prefectural seat. Under Yuan it was Xian zhou. In early Hongwu the seat county Leshou was abolished and merged into the zhou. In the fourth month of year 8 it was reduced to a county. The Hutuo enters from Dai commandery, runs south of the county, and at Qing county joins the Wei River on its course to the sea. It had the Danjiaqiao patrol inspectorate.
58
阜城府南。 元屬景州。 洪武七年改屬府。 西北有胡盧河，即《禹貢》衡漳水。
Fucheng—south of the prefectural seat. Under Yuan it belonged to Jingzhou. In Hongwu 7 it was transferred to the prefecture. The Hulu River lies to the northwest—the Hengzhang River of the Tribute of Yu.
59
肅寧府西。 中堡河在縣東。
Sunning—west of the prefectural seat. The Zhongbao River lies east of the county seat.
60
任丘府北少西。 元屬莫州。 洪武七年改屬府。 西北有瓦濟河，下流爲五官澱，注於滹沱河。 北有莫州，元治莫亭縣，屬河間路。 洪武七年七月，州縣俱省。
Renqiu—north slightly west of the prefectural seat. Under Yuan it belonged to Mozhou. In Hongwu 7 it was transferred to the prefecture. The Waji River lies to the northwest; downstream it forms Wuguan Marsh and empties into the Hutuo. To the north stood Mozhou, which under Yuan administered Moting county within Hejian Route. In the seventh month of Hongwu 7 both the zhou and its county were abolished.
61
交河府東南。 元屬獻州。 洪武八年四月改屬府。 十年五月省入獻縣。 十三年十一月復置。 東有衛河，源自衛輝，流入故城境，經縣東，過滄州，又東北至直沽入海，一名御河。 又西北有高河，經縣南，合滹沱，謂之交河，下流入衛縣，以此名。 又南有洚河。 又東有泊頭鎮巡檢司。
Jiaohe—southeast of the prefectural seat. Under Yuan it belonged to Xian zhou. In the fourth month of Hongwu 8 it was transferred to the prefecture. In the fifth month of year 10 it was abolished and merged into Xian county. In the eleventh month of year 13 it was re-established. The Wei River rises at Weihui, enters the old city district, runs east of the county and through Cangzhou, then northeast to Zhigu and the sea—it was also called the Imperial River. The Gao River runs from the northwest south of the county, joins the Hutuo as the Jiao River, and flows into the Wei—giving the county its name. The Jiang River lies farther south. The Potou town patrol inspectorate lay to the east.
62
青府東北。 元清州。 洪武初，以州治會川縣省入。 八年四月降爲縣，尋改清爲青。 滹沱河自縣南流入衛，謂之岔河口。 其支流經縣之北者，曰獨流河。
Qing county—northeast of the prefectural seat. Under Yuan it was Qing zhou. In early Hongwu, Huichuan, the seat county, was abolished and merged in. In the fourth month of year 8 it was reduced to a county; soon the county name Qing was changed to Qing with the character meaning "green." Where the Hutuo enters the Wei south of the county is called Chakou Estuary. A northern branch is the Duliu River.
63
興濟元屬清州。 洪武初省。 十三年復置，屬府。 衛河在城西。
Xingji—under Yuan it belonged to Qing zhou. It was abolished in early Hongwu. Re-established in year 13, subordinate to the prefecture. The Wei River lies west of the county seat.
64
靜海府東北。 元曰靖海，屬清州。 洪武初，更名。 八年四月改屬北平府。 十年五月來屬。 縣北有小直沽，衛河自西來，與白河合，入於海。 又有丁字沽、鹼水沽。 又北有天津衛，永樂二年十一月置。
Jinghai—northeast of the prefectural seat. Under Yuan it was called Jinghai and belonged to Qing zhou. It was renamed in early Hongwu. In the fourth month of year 8 it was placed under Beiping Prefecture. In the fifth month of year 10 it returned to Hejian Prefecture. Xiaozhigu lies north of the county seat, where the Wei River from the west meets the Bai and reaches the sea. Dingzigu and Jianshuigu estuaries also lie nearby. Tianjin Guard was established to the north in the eleventh month of Yongle 2.
65
寧津府東南。 南有土河，自山東德州流入，又東入山東樂陵縣界。
Ningjin—southeast of the prefectural seat. The Tu River enters from Dezhou in Shandong and runs east into Leling county, Shandong.
66
景州洪武初，以州治蓚縣省入。 東有衛河。 東北有胡盧河。 又東有安陵、西北有宋門二巡檢司。 又東北有李晏鎮。 西北距府百八十五里。 領縣三：
Jingzhou—in early Hongwu, Xiu, the seat county, was abolished and merged into the zhou. The Wei River lies to the east. The Hulu River lies to the northeast. Patrol inspectorates stood at Anling to the east and Songmen to the northwest. Liyan town lay farther to the northeast. It lies one hundred eighty-five li northwest of the prefectural seat. Three counties:
67
吳橋州東，少南。 西有衛河。
Wuqiao—east of Jingzhou, slightly to the south. The Wei River lies to the west.
68
東光州東北。 洪武七年七月省入阜城縣。 十三年十一月復置。 南有衛河，又有胡盧河。
Dongguang—northeast of Jingzhou. In the seventh month of Hongwu 7 it was abolished and merged into Fucheng county. In the eleventh month of year 13 it was re-established. The Wei River lies to the south, and the Hulu River as well.
69
故城州南少西。 有衛河，自山東武城縣流入境。 又西南有索盧枯河。
Gucheng—south of Jingzhou, slightly to the west. The Wei River enters the county from Wucheng in Shandong. The Suoluku River lies farther to the southwest.
70
滄州洪武初，以州治清池縣省入。 舊治在東南。 洪武二年五月徙於長蘆，即今治也。 東濱海。 西有衛河。 南有浮河。 北有長蘆巡檢司。 西距府百五十里。 領縣三：
Cangzhou—in early Hongwu, Qingchi, the seat county, was abolished and merged into the zhou. The former seat lay to the southeast. In the fifth month of Hongwu 2 the seat was moved to Changlu, where it remains. It borders the sea to the east. The Wei River lies to the west. The Fu River lies to the south. The Changlu patrol inspectorate lay to the north. It lies one hundred fifty li west of the prefectural seat. Three counties:
71
南皮州西南。 衛河在縣西。
Nanpi—southwest of Cangzhou. The Wei River lies west of the county seat.
72
鹽山州東南。 東濱海，產鹽。 東南有鹽山。
Yanshan—southeast of Cangzhou. It borders the sea to the east and produces salt. Yanshan Mountain lies to the southeast.
73
慶雲州東南。 洪武六年六月析山東樂安州北地置，來屬。
Qingyun—southeast of Cangzhou. In the sixth month of Hongwu 6 it was carved from the northern part of Le'an in Shandong and placed under Cangzhou.
74
真定府元真定路，直隸中書省。 洪武元年十月爲府。 屬河南分省。 二年正月屬山東。 三月來屬。 領州五，縣二十七。 東北距京師六百三十里。 弘治四年編戶五萬九千四百三十九，口五十九萬七千六百七十三。 萬曆六年，戶七萬四千七百三十八，口一百九萬三千五百三十一。
Zhending Prefecture—under Yuan the Zhending Route, directly under the Central Secretariat. In the tenth month of Hongwu 1 it became a prefecture. It was placed under the Henan Branch Secretariat. In the first month of year 2 it was assigned to Shandong. In the third month it returned to this jurisdiction. It governed five zhou and twenty-seven counties. It lay six hundred thirty li northeast of the capital. In Hongzhi 4 it had 59,439 registered households and 597,673 persons. In Wanli 6 there were 74,738 households and 1,093,531 persons.
75
真定倚。 滹沱河在城南。 又北有滋河，自山西靈丘縣流入，經行唐縣之張茂村伏流不見，至府北南孟社復出，下流合於南易水。
Zhending—the seat county. The Hutuo River lies south of the city. To the north is the Zi River, which enters from Lingqiu in Shanxi, runs underground past Zhangmao in Xingtang, re-emerges north of the prefectural seat at Nanmengshe, and joins the South Yi River below.
76
井徑府西南。 元屬廣平路威州。 洪武二年來屬。 東南有城山，又有甘淘河，亦名冶河。 南與綿蔓水合。 又故關在其西。
Jingxing—southwest of the prefectural seat. Under Yuan it belonged to Weizhou on the Guangping Route. In Hongwu 2 it was placed under the prefecture. To the southeast are Chengshan and the Gantao River, also called the Ye River. To the south it joins the Mianman River. The old pass lay farther west.
77
獲鹿府西南。 西有抱犢山，有西屏山。 又有蓮花山，白鹿泉出焉，東流爲西河，即洨水上源也。 又有土門關在西，亦曰井徑關。
Huolu—southwest of the prefectural seat. To the west are Baodu Mountain and Xiping Mountain. Lianhua Mountain rises to the west; Bailu Spring issues from it and runs east as the West River—the upper Jiao River. Tumen Pass, also called Jingxing Pass, stood to the west.
78
元氏府西南。 西北有封龍山，汦水所出，下流入胡盧河。 西南有槐水，下流曰野河。
Yuanshi—southwest of the prefectural seat. Fenglong Mountain lies to the northwest; the Zhi River rises there and flows into the Hulu River. The Huai River lies to the southwest; below it is called the Ye River.
79
靈壽府西北。 東北有衛水，源出恆山，《禹貢》「恆、衛既從。」 即此。 俗名雷溝河，東北入於滹沱。 北有叉頭鎮巡檢司，後遷於慈峪鎮。
Lingshou—northwest of the prefectural seat. To the northeast is the Wei River, rising on Mount Heng—the "Heng and Wei already followed" of the Documents. This is that river. Commonly called the Leigou River, it runs northeast into the Hutuo. The Chatou town patrol inspectorate lay to the north and was later moved to Ciyu town.
80
藁城府東南。 北有滹沱河，又有滋河。
Gaocheng—southeast of the prefectural seat. The Hutuo River lies to the north, and the Zi River as well.
81
欒城府南，縣北有故城，今治洪武初所徙。 西有洨河。
Luancheng—south of the prefectural seat; an old city lay north of the county seat, and the present seat was moved in early Hongwu. The Jiao River lies to the west.
82
無極府東少北。 元屬中山府。 洪武初廢。 四年七月復置，屬定州。 七年四月改屬府。 南有滋河。
Wuji—east of the prefectural seat, slightly to the north. Under Yuan it belonged to Zhongshan Prefecture. It was abolished in early Hongwu. Re-established in the seventh month of year 4, subordinate to Dingzhou. In the fourth month of year 7 it was transferred to the prefecture. The Zi River lies to the south.
83
平山府西少北。 北有滹沱河，東北有冶河入焉。 西北有房山。 西有十八盤、下口村巡檢司。
Pingshan—west of the prefectural seat, slightly to the north. The Hutuo River lies to the north; the Ye River enters from the northeast. Fangshan lies to the northwest. Patrol inspectorates stood at Shibapan and Xiakou village to the west.
84
阜平府西北。 東北有大茂山。 北有派河。 西有龍泉關。
Fuping—northwest of the prefectural seat. Damao Mountain lies to the northeast. The Pai River lies to the north. Longquan Pass lies to the west.
85
行唐府北。 元屬保定路。 洪武二年屬定州，正統十三年十月直隸真定府。 西有滋河。 西北有兩嶺口巡檢司。
Xingtang—north of the prefectural seat. Under Yuan it belonged to the Baoding Route. In Hongwu 2 it was placed under Dingzhou; in the tenth month of Zhengtong 13 it was made directly subordinate to Zhending Prefecture. The Zi River lies to the west. The Lianglingkou patrol inspectorate lay to the northwest.
86
定州元中山府。 洪武二年正月改曰定州。 三年以州治安喜縣省入。 氵寇水在北，沙河在南，下流合於滱水。 西北有倒馬關守禦千戶所。 景泰二年置關，與紫荊、居庸爲內三關。 北有清風店巡檢司。 西南距府百三十里。 領縣二：
Dingzhou—under Yuan, Zhongshan Prefecture. In the first month of Hongwu 2 it was renamed Dingzhou. In year 3 Anxi, the seat county, was abolished and merged into the zhou. The Zhi River lies to the north and the Sha River to the south; below they join the Peng River. The Daoma Pass defense command thousand-household office lay to the northwest. The pass was established in Jingtai 2, forming the inner trio with Zijing and Juyong. The Qingfengdian patrol inspectorate lay to the north. It lies one hundred thirty li southwest of the prefectural seat. Two counties:
87
新樂州西南。 西南有沙河。
Xinle—southwest of Dingzhou. The Sha River lies to the southwest.
88
曲陽州西北。 元屬保定路。 洪武二年來屬。 恆山在西北，恆水出焉。 又沙河在南，自山西繁峙縣流入。
Quyang—northwest of Dingzhou. Under Yuan it belonged to the Baoding Route. In Hongwu 2 it was placed under the zhou. Mount Heng lies to the northwest; the Heng River rises there. The Sha River also lies to the south, entering from Fanshi in Shanxi.
89
冀州洪武二年以州治信都縣省入。 西北有漳水。 北有滹沱河。 成化十八年，滹沱挾漳南注爲州患。 正德十二年，二水自寧晉縣南北流，患始息。 又北有洚水，一名枯洚，下流合於漳。 西北距府二百八十里。 領縣四：
Jizhou—in Hongwu 2, Xindu, the seat county, was abolished and merged into the zhou. The Zhang River lies to the northwest. The Hutuo River lies to the north. In Chenghua 18 the Hutuo, bearing the Zhang southward, became a scourge to the zhou. In Zhengde 12 the two rivers were directed to flow north and south from Ningjin County, and the flooding finally abated. To the north is also the Xiaojiang, or Dry Xiaojiang, whose lower course joins the Zhang River. It lies two hundred eighty li northwest of the prefectural seat. Four counties:
90
南宮州南少西。 故城在縣西北，成化十六年遷於今治。 漳水在北。 洚水在南。 東南有董家廟堡巡檢司。
Nangong—south slightly west of Jizhou. The old seat lay northwest of the county; in Chenghua 16 the county moved to the present site. The Zhang River lies to the north. The Xiaojiang lies to the south. Southeast is the Dongjiamiao Fort patrol inspectorate.
91
新河州西少南。 有清水河，成化後堙。
Xinhe—west slightly south of Jizhou. The Qingshui River once passed through; after Chenghua it was blocked.
92
棗強州東少北。 西北有索盧水，乃衛河之支流也，亦曰黃盧河。
Zaoqiang—east slightly north of Jizhou. To the northwest is the Suolu River, a branch of the Wei River, also called the Huanglu.
93
武邑州東北。 西有洚水。 西北有漳水。
Wuyi—northeast of Jizhou. The Xiaojiang lies to the west. The Zhang River lies to the northwest.
94
晉州洪武二年以州治鼓城縣省入。 南有滹沱河。 西距府九十里。 領縣三：
Jinzhou—in Hongwu 2 the seat county, Gucheng, was abolished and merged into the zhou. The Hutuo River lies to the south. It lies ninety li west of the prefectural seat. Three counties:
95
安平州東北。 滹沱河舊在縣南，萬曆二十三年自束鹿縣南行，始不經縣境。
Anping—northeast of Jinzhou. The Hutuo once lay south of the county; in Wanli 23 it shifted southward from Shulu County and no longer crossed the county.
96
饒陽州東北。 北有滹沱河。 西南有饒河，即滹沱河支流也。
Raoyang—northeast of Jinzhou. The Hutuo River lies to the north. To the southwest is the Rao River, a Hutuo tributary.
97
武強州東。 漳河在縣東。 又南有滹沱河，舊合於漳，萬曆二十六年北出饒陽縣境，而縣之滹沱河始涸。
Wuqiang—east of Jinzhou. The Zhang River lies east of the county seat. The Hutuo also lay to the south; formerly it joined the Zhang, but in Wanli 26 it shifted north out of Raoyang County, and Wuqiang's Hutuo dried up.
98
趙州洪武元年以州治平棘縣省入。 南有洨河，下流入於胡盧河。 北距府百二十里。 領縣六：
Zhao Prefecture—in Hongwu 1 Pingji, the seat county, was abolished and merged in. To the south is the Jiao River, which below reaches the Hulu River. One hundred twenty li north of the prefectural seat. Six counties:
99
柏鄉州南。 東北有野河，即槐水也，下流入於胡盧河。
Baixiang—south of Zhao Prefecture. To the northeast is the Ye River, another name for the Huai River; below it enters the Hulu.
100
隆平州東南。 洪武六年九月省入柏鄉縣。 十三年十一月復置。 東有灃水，東北與沙河合，下流入於胡盧河。 沙河，亦槐水之別名也。 又東北有大陸澤，亦曰廣阿，漳水所匯。
Longping—southeast of Zhao Prefecture. It was abolished in the ninth month of Hongwu 6 and merged into Baixiang County. Re-established in the eleventh month of year 13. To the east is the Feng River; northeast it joins the Sha River and flows into the Hulu. The Sha River is another name for the Huai River. To the northeast is also the Dalu Marsh, or Guang'a, where the Zhang River collects.
101
高邑州西南。 北有黑水，即槐水也，流合縣南之水。
Gaoyi—southwest of Zhao Prefecture. To the north is the Black River, the Huai River, which joins the Zhi River south of the county seat.
102
臨城州西南。 南有敦輿山。 西南有鐵山。 西北有汦水，東經釣盤山下，與水合。
Lincheng—southwest of Zhao Prefecture. Dunyu Mountain lies to the south. Iron Mountain lies to the southwest. To the northwest is the Chi River, which flows east past Diaopan Mountain and joins another stream.
103
贊皇州西南。 西南有贊皇山，水出焉，亦曰沙水。 又城北有槐水。 西北有黃沙嶺巡檢司。
Zanhuang—southwest of Zhao Prefecture. Zanhuang Mountain lies to the southwest; the Zhi River rises there, also called the Sha River. The Huai River also lies north of the county seat. The Huangshaling patrol inspectorate lies to the northwest.
104
寧晉州東少南。 東南有胡盧河，其上流即漳水也，深、冀羣川悉匯於此。 東北有百尺口巡檢司。
Ningjin—east slightly south of Zhao Prefecture. To the southeast is the Hulu River, whose upper course is the Zhang; the streams of Shen and Ji all converge here. The Baichikou patrol inspectorate lies to the northeast.
105
深州洪武二年以州治靜安縣省入。 南有故城，今治本吳家莊，永樂十年遷於此。 滹沱河在東北。 胡盧河在東南。 有傅家池巡檢司，後廢。 西距府二百五十里。 領縣一：
Shen Prefecture—in Hongwu 2 Jing'an, the seat county, was abolished and merged in. An old seat lay to the south; the present site at Wu's Estate was adopted in Yongle 10. The Hutuo River lies to the northeast. The Hulu River lies to the southeast. It once had the Fujia Pool patrol inspectorate, later abolished. It lies two hundred fifty li west of the prefectural seat. One county:
106
衡水州南少東。 故城在縣西南，永樂十三年遷於今治。 西有漳水，南有洚水。 又北有滹沱河，舊與漳合，成化八年北徙，不經縣界。 西南有鹽池。
Hengshui—south slightly east of Shen Prefecture. The old seat lay southwest of the county; in Yongle 13 it moved to the present site. The Zhang River lies to the west and the Xiaojiang to the south. The Hutuo also lay to the north; formerly it joined the Zhang, but in Chenghua 8 it shifted north and no longer crossed the county. A salt pond lies to the southwest.
107
順德府元順德路，直隸中書省。 洪武元年爲府。 十月屬河南分省。 二年三月來屬。 領縣九。 距京師一千里。 弘治四年編戶二萬一千六百一十四，口一十八萬一千八百二十五。 萬曆六年，戶二萬七千六百三十三，口二十八萬一千九百五十七。
Shunde Prefecture was under Yuan the Shunde Route of the Central Secretariat. In Hongwu 1 it became a prefecture. In the tenth month it was placed under the Henan sub-province. In the third month of year 2 it was reassigned here. It governed nine counties. It lay one thousand li from the capital. In Hongzhi 4 it registered 21,614 households and 181,825 persons. In Wanli 6 there were 27,633 households and 281,957 persons.
108
邢臺倚。 西北有夷儀山，又有封山，一曰西山。 又有黃榆嶺，上有黃榆關。 又漳水在東南，自河南臨漳縣流入，下流爲胡盧河，至交河縣合滹沱河，此爲漳水經流也。 又東南有百泉水，其下流爲灃河，一名渦水，又名鴛鴦水。 西有西王社巡檢司。
The seat was at Xingtai. To the northwest are Yiyi Mountain and Feng Mountain, also called West Mountain. Huangyu Ridge also lies nearby, with Huangyu Pass upon it. The Zhang River also lies to the southeast, entering from Lincheng County in Henan; below it becomes the Hulu and at Jiaohe joins the Hutuo—this is the Zhang's main channel. To the southeast is the Baiquan, whose lower course is the Feng, also called the Wo or Yuanyang River. The Xiwangshe patrol inspectorate lies to the west.
109
沙河府南。 弘治四年以沙壅遷縣於西山小屯。 十八年六月復還舊治。 西南有磬口山，產鐵。 南有沙河，亦名湡水。
Shahe—south of Shunde Prefecture. In Hongzhi 4 sand buildup forced the county seat to Xishan Xiaotun. In the sixth month of year 18 it returned to the old site. Qingkou Mountain lies to the southwest and yields iron. The Sha River lies to the south, also called the Yu River.
110
南和府東少南。 南有漳河，合縣西之灃河，又縣西北有汦水，蓋伏流而旁出者。
Nanhe—east slightly south of Shunde Prefecture. The Zhang River lies to the south and joins the Feng west of the county; to the northwest the Chi River emerges as a spring branch.
111
任府東北。 東北有汦水。 東有灃水。
Ren County—northeast of Shunde Prefecture. The Chi River lies to the northeast. The Feng River lies to the east.
112
內丘府北。 東南有汦水。
Neiqiu—north of Shunde Prefecture. The Chi River lies to the southeast.
113
唐山府東北。 西北汦水。
Tangshan—northeast of Shunde Prefecture. The Chi River lies to the northwest.
114
平鄉府東少南。 西南有漳河，西有沙河，又有洺河。 東有滏陽河。 萬曆三十年，漳挾滏陽河北出，會於沙、洺名諸河，而漳水之舊流益亂。
Pingxiang—east slightly south of Shunde Prefecture. The Zhang River lies to the southwest, the Sha to the west, and the Ming River also passes nearby. The Fuyang River lies to the east. In Wanli 30 the Zhang, carrying the Fuyang northward, met the Sha, Ming, and other streams, and the Zhang's old channel grew still more confused.
115
鉅鹿府東北。 漳水舊在縣東，有大小二河，亦謂之新舊二河，其後北徙，不復至縣境，而二河遂成平陸。 北有鉅鹿澤，即隆平縣之大陸澤也，澤畔舊有鹽泉。
Julu—northeast of Shunde Prefecture. The Zhang once lay east of the county as great and small channels, called the new and old rivers; it later shifted north out of the county, and the two beds became dry plain. To the north is the Julu Marsh, the same as Longping County's Dalu Marsh; salt springs once lined its shore.
116
廣宗府東少北。 洪武十年六月省入平鄉、鉅鹿二縣。 十三年十一月復置。 漳水舊在西。 又東有枯洚河。
Guangzong—slightly northeast of the prefectural seat. In the sixth month of Hongwu 10 it was abolished and merged into Pingxiang and Julu counties. In the eleventh month of year 13 it was re-established. The Zhang River formerly lay to the west. To the east is the Kujiang River.
117
廣平府元廣平路，直隸中書省。 洪武元年爲府。 十月屬河南分省。 二年三月來屬。 領縣九。 東北距京師千里。 弘治四年編戶二萬七千七百六十四，口二十一萬二千八百四十六。 萬曆六年，戶三萬一千四百二十，口二十六萬四千八百九十八。
Guangping Prefecture—under Yuan the Guangping Route, directly under the Central Secretariat. In Hongwu 1 it became a prefecture. In the tenth month it was placed under the Henan sub-region. In the third month of year 2 it returned to metropolitan jurisdiction. Nine counties: It lies one thousand li northeast of the capital. In Hongzhi 4 it had 27,764 registered households and 212,846 persons. In Wanli 6 there were 31,420 households and 264,898 persons.
118
永年倚。 北有沙河。 又有洺水，自河南武安縣流入。 西南又有滏水，自河南臨漳縣流入，亦曰滏陽河。 西有臨洺鎮巡檢司。 西南又有黃龍鎮。
Yongnian (seat-attached county). The Sha River lies to the north. The Ming River also enters from Wu'an county in Henan. To the southwest the Fu River enters from Linzhang county in Henan, also called the Fuyang River. To the west is the Linming town patrol inspectorate. Huanglong town lies farther to the southwest.
119
曲周府東北。 西南有漳水。 東有滏陽河。
Quzhou—northeast of the prefectural seat. The Zhang River lies to the southwest. The Fuyang River lies to the east.
120
肥鄉府東南。 漳河在縣西北。
Feixiang—southeast of the prefectural seat. The Zhang River lies northwest of the county seat.
121
雞澤府東北。 漳河在縣東。 又西有洺河，又有沙河自南來合焉。
Jize—northeast of the prefectural seat. The Zhang River lies east of the county seat. To the west is the Ming River, and the Sha River joins it from the south.
122
廣平府東南。 北有漳河。
Guangping county—southeast of the prefectural seat. The Zhang River lies to the north.
123
成安安府南。 元屬磁州。 洪武初廢。 四年六月復置，來屬。 西南有洹水，自河南臨漳縣流入，其下流合於衛河。 又南有漳水，亦自河南臨漳縣流入。
Cheng'an—south of the prefectural seat. Under Yuan it belonged to Ci zhou. It was abolished in early Hongwu. Re-established in the sixth month of year 4 and placed under the prefecture. The Yuan River enters from Linzhang county in Henan to the southwest and joins the Wei River downstream. The Zhang River also enters from Linzhang county in Henan to the south.
124
威府東北。 元威州。 至正間，省州治洺水縣入州。 洪武二年四月降爲縣。 漳水舊在南，洺水自西流入焉。
Wei county—northeast of the prefectural seat. Under Yuan it was Wei zhou. During the Zhizheng era the seat county Ming River was abolished and merged into the zhou. In the fourth month of Hongwu 2 it was demoted to a county. The Zhang River formerly lay to the south; the Ming River enters from the west.
125
邯鄲府西南。 元屬磁州。 洪武元年來屬。 西北有洺河。 東有滏陽河。
Handan—southwest of the prefectural seat. Under Yuan it belonged to Ci zhou. In Hongwu 1 it was placed under the prefecture. The Ming River lies to the northwest. The Fuyang River lies to the east.
126
清河府東北。 元屬大名路。 洪武六年九月來屬。 東有衛河。
Qinghe—northeast of the prefectural seat. Under Yuan it belonged to the Daming Route. In the ninth month of Hongwu 6 it was placed under the prefecture. The Wei River lies to the east.
127
大名府元大名路，直隸中書省。 洪武元年爲府。 十月屬河南分省。 二年三月來屬。 領州一，縣十。 東北距京師千一百六十里。 弘治四年編戶六萬六千二百七，口五十七萬四千九百七十二。 萬曆六年，戶七萬一千一百八十，口六十九萬二千五十八。
Daming Prefecture—under Yuan the Daming Route, directly under the Central Secretariat. In Hongwu 1 it became a prefecture. In the tenth month it was placed under the Henan sub-region. In the third month of year 2 it returned to metropolitan jurisdiction. One zhou and ten counties: It lies one thousand one hundred sixty li northeast of the capital. In Hongzhi 4 it had 66,207 registered households and 574,972 persons. In Wanli 6 there were 71,180 households and 692,058 persons.
128
元城倚。 故城在東，洪武三十一年圮於衛河，徙此。 東有沙麓山。 西有漳河。 北有衛河，即永濟渠也，自河南汲縣流入，下流合漳河。 東北有小灘鎮巡檢司。
Yuancheng (seat-attached county). The old seat lay to the east; in Hongwu 31 it was ruined by the Wei River and the county moved here. Shalu Mountain lies to the east. The Zhang River lies to the west. To the north is the Wei River—the Yongji Canal—which enters from Ji county in Henan and joins the Zhang River downstream. To the northeast is the Xiaotan town patrol inspectorate.
129
大名府南少東。 元與元城縣同爲大名府治。 洪武十年五月省入魏縣。 十五年二月復置。 永樂九年移於今治。 北有愜山，東南有衛河。
Daming county—slightly southeast of the prefectural seat. Under Yuan it shared the prefectural seat with Yuancheng county. In the fifth month of Hongwu 10 it was abolished and merged into Wei county. In the second month of year 15 it was re-established. In Yongle 9 it was moved to the present seat. Qie Mountain lies to the north and the Wei River to the southeast.
130
魏府西少北。 舊治在縣西。 洪武三年遷於此。 南有魏河，又有新舊二漳河，下流俱合於衛河。
Wei county—slightly northwest of the prefectural seat. The former seat lay west of the county. In Hongwu 3 it was moved here. To the south are the Wei River and the old and new Zhang rivers, all of which join the Wei River downstream.
131
南樂府東。 南有繁水，北入於衛河。
Nanle—east of the prefectural seat. The Fan River lies to the south and flows north into the Wei River.
132
清豐府東南。 元屬開州。 洪武七年三月改屬府。 西南有澶水，伏流至古繁水城西南，謂之繁水。
Qingfeng—southeast of the prefectural seat. Under Yuan it belonged to Kai zhou. In the third month of Hongwu 7 it was transferred to the prefecture. To the southwest the Chan River runs underground to the southwest of ancient Fancheng, where it is called the Fan River.
133
內黃府西南。 元屬滑州。 洪武七年三月改屬府。 北有衛河。 東有繁水。 西有洹水。 西北有回隆鎮，有回龍廟巡檢司。 嘉靖三十六年，漳河決於此，入衛。
Neihuang—southwest of the prefectural seat. Under Yuan it belonged to Hua zhou. In the third month of Hongwu 7 it was transferred to the prefecture. The Wei River lies to the north. The Fan River lies to the east. The Yuan River lies to the west. Huilong town lies to the northwest, with a patrol inspectorate at Huilongmiao. In Jiajing 36 the Zhang River broke its banks here and flowed into the Wei.
134
浚府西南。 元浚州治在浮丘山之西。 洪武二年四月降爲縣，徙治於山東北之平坡。 嘉靖二十九年復徙城於山巔，即今治也。 東有大伾山，一名黎陽山，又名清澶山。 西有衛河。 北有淇水，自河南淇縣流入，經縣南，東入於衛，謂之黎水，亦謂之浚水。 又西有長豐泊。 西南有新鎮巡檢司。
Jun county—southwest of the prefectural seat. Under Yuan the Jun zhou seat lay west of Fuqiu Mountain. In the fourth month of Hongwu 2 it was demoted to a county and the seat moved to Pingpo northeast of the mountain. In Jiajing 29 the city was moved again to the mountain summit—the present seat. To the east is Dapi Mountain, also called Liyang Mountain and Qingchan Mountain. The Wei River lies to the west. The Qi River enters from Qi county in Henan to the north, runs south of the county seat, and joins the Wei to the east as the Li River, also called the Jun River. Changfeng Marsh lies farther to the west. To the southwest is the Xin town patrol inspectorate.
135
滑府西南。 元滑州。 洪武二年四月省州治白馬縣入焉。 七年三月降爲縣。 西北有衛河。 東南有老岸鎮巡檢司。
Hua county—southwest of the prefectural seat. Under Yuan it was Hua zhou. In the fourth month of Hongwu 2 the seat county Baima was abolished and merged into the zhou. In the third month of year 7 it was demoted to a county. The Wei River lies to the northwest. To the southeast is the Lao'an town patrol inspectorate.
136
開州洪武二年四月以州治氵僕陽縣省入。 大河故道在城南，正統十三年，河決入焉。 景泰五年塞。 北距府百六十里，領縣二：
Kai Prefecture—in the fourth month of Hongwu 2, Puyang, the seat county, was abolished and merged into the zhou. The Yellow River's old channel lay south of the city; in Zhengtong 13 the river broke through and poured in. In Jingtai 5 the breach was closed. It lies one hundred sixty li north of Daming Prefecture and governed two counties:
137
長垣州南。 舊治在縣東北，洪武二年以河患遷於古蒲城。 南有黃河故道。 東南有硃家口，正統十三年，河決於此。 又南有大社口，萬曆十五年，河復決焉。 又東南有大岡巡檢司，本治永豐裏，尋徙竹林，後徙大岡。
Changyuan—south of Kai Prefecture. The old seat lay northeast of the county; in Hongwu 2, after flood damage, it was moved to ancient Pucheng. To the south is the old course of the Yellow River. To the southeast is Zhujia Ford, where the river broke out in Zhengtong 13. Farther south is Dashe Ford, where the river broke out again in Wanli 15. Farther southeast is the Dagang patrol inspectorate, first at Yongfeng li, then Zhulin, and finally Dagang.
138
東明州北。 洪武十年五月省入州及長垣縣。 弘治三年九月復置，屬府。 萬曆中，仍屬州，其舊治在今縣南。 洪武初，徙今縣西。 弘治三年始徙於今治。 南有黃河，有杜勝集巡檢司。
Dongming—north of Kai Prefecture. In the fifth month of Hongwu 10 it was abolished and merged into the zhou and Changyuan county. In the ninth month of Hongzhi 3 it was re-established and placed under Daming Prefecture. In the Wanli period it was again placed under the zhou; its former seat lies south of the present county. In early Hongwu the seat was moved west of the present county. In Hongzhi 3 it was first moved to the present site. The Yellow River lies to the south, and there is a patrol inspectorate at Dushengji.
139
永平府元永平路，直隸中書省。 洪武二年改爲平灤府。 四年三月爲永平府。 領州一，縣五。 西距京師五百五十里。 弘治四年編戶二萬三千五百三十九，口二十二萬八千九百四十四。 萬曆六年，戶二萬五千九十四，口二十五萬五千六百四十六。
Yongping Prefecture—under the Yuan it was Yongping Route, directly attached to the Central Secretariat. In Hongwu 2 it was renamed Pingluan Prefecture. In the third month of year 4 it became Yongping Prefecture. It governed one zhou and five counties. It lies five hundred fifty li west of the capital. In Hongzhi 4 it had 23,539 registered households and 228,944 persons. In Wanli 6 there were 25,094 households and 255,646 persons.
140
盧龍倚。 東南有陽山。 西有灤河，自開平流經縣境，有漆河自北來入焉。 東有肥如河，經城西入於漆。 北有桃林口關。
Lulong (seat-attached county). Yang Mountain lies to the southeast. To the west is the Luan River, flowing from Kaiping through the county, with the Qi River joining from the north. To the east is the Feiru River, which runs west of the city and joins the Qi. To the north is Taolin Ford Pass.
141
遷安府西北。 北有都山。 東有灤河。 又北有劉家口、冷口、青山口等關。
Qian'an—northwest of Yongping Prefecture. Du Mountain lies to the north. The Luan River lies to the east. Farther north are Liujiakou, Lengkou, Qingshankou, and other passes.
142
昌黎府東南。 西北有碣石山。 東南有溟海，亦曰七里海，有黑陽河，自天津達縣之海道也。 又有蒲泊，舊產鹽，置惠民鹽場於此。 北有界嶺口、箭捍嶺等關。
Changli—southeast of Yongping Prefecture. Jieshi Mountain lies to the northwest. To the southeast is the Misty Sea, also called Qili Sea, with the Heiyang River—the seaway from Tianjin's Daxian. There is also Pupo, once a salt-producing lagoon, where the Huimin salt field was established. To the north are Jieling Pass, Jianhan Ridge, and other passes.
143
樂亭州東南。 南濱海。 西有灤河，經縣北嶽婆港分爲二，東曰胡盧河，西曰定流河，各入於海。 景泰中，胡盧河塞，定流河獨自入海，其水清碧，亦謂之綠洋溝。 又西南有新橋海口巡檢司。 萬曆四十三年移於灤州西之榛子鎮。
Laoting—southeast of the zhou. Its south faces the sea. To the west the Luan River reaches Yuepo Harbor north of the county and splits: the Hulu River to the east and the Dingliu River to the west each reach the sea. In the Jingtai period the Hulu silted shut and only the Dingliu reached the sea; its clear green water was also called Luyang Gully. To the southwest is the Xinqiao Haikou patrol inspectorate. In Wanli 43 it was moved to Zhenzi town west of Luanzhou.
144
永寧本永寧衛，洪武十二年九月置。 永樂十二年三月置縣於衛城。 嬀川在西。 東有四海冶堡，天順八年置。 西北有靖胡堡，東南有黑漢嶺堡，北有周四溝堡，俱嘉靖中置。 又有劉斌堡，萬曆三十二年所置也。
Yongning was originally Yongning Guard, established in the ninth month of Hongwu 12. In the third month of Yongle 12 a county was established at the guard city. The Guishui River lies to the west. To the east is Sihaiye Fort, established in Tianshun 8. Northwest is Jinghu Fort, southeast Heihanling Fort, and north Zhouzigou Fort—all founded in the Jiajing period. There is also Liubin Fort, established in Wanli 32.
145
保安州元屬上都路之順寧府。 洪武初，廢。 永樂二年閏九月置保安衛。 十三年正月復置州於衛城，屬北京行部。 十八年十一月直隸京師。 舊州城在西南山下，景泰二年移於雷家站，即今治也。 西南又有涿鹿山，涿水出焉。 西北有磨笄山，亦曰雞鳴山，又有鷂兒嶺。 又桑乾河在西南，自山西蔚州流入，東有嬀川來入焉，謂之合和口。 西有甯川，亦入於桑乾。 東有東八里堡、良田屯堡、麻谷口堡，俱洪武二十五年置。 南有美峪守禦千戶所，本在州西之美峪嶺，永樂十二年置。 十六年二月徙於董家莊。 景泰二年又移於此，與山西蔚州界。 東南距京師三百里。 弘治四年編戶四百四十五，口一千五百六十。 萬曆六年，戶七百七十二，口六千四百四十五。
Bao'an Prefecture—under the Yuan it belonged to Shunning Prefecture in Shangdu Route. In early Hongwu it was abolished. In the intercalary ninth month of Yongle 2 Bao'an Guard was established. In the first month of year 13 the prefecture was restored at the guard city and placed under the Beijing traveling ministry. In the eleventh month of year 18 it was placed under direct capital jurisdiction. The old city stood southwest below the hills; in Jingtai 2 it was moved to Leijia Station, the present seat. Southwest also is Zhuolu Mountain, whence the Zhuo River flows. Northwest is Mojishan, also called Jiming Mountain, and Yaorling. The Sanggan River lies southwest, entering from Yuzhou in Shanxi; the Guishui joins from the east at Hehe Ford. To the west is the Ning River, which also flows into the Sanggan. To the east are Dongbali Fort, Liangtiantun Fort, and Magukou Fort—all established in Hongwu 25. To the south is the Meiyu defensive thousand-household post, first at Meiyu Ridge west of the prefecture, established in Yongle 12. In the second month of year 16 it was moved to Dongjiazhuang. In Jingtai 2 it was moved here again, on the border with Yuzhou in Shanxi. It lies three hundred li southeast of the capital. In Hongzhi 4 it had 445 registered households and 1,560 persons. In Wanli 6 there were 772 households and 6,445 persons.
146
萬全都指揮使司元順寧府，屬上都路。 洪武四年三月，府廢。 宣德五年六月置司於此。 領衛十五，蔚州、延慶左、永寧、保安四衛俱設於本州縣，守禦千戶所三，廣昌、美峪二所，亦設於本處，堡五。 東南距京師三百五十里。
Wanquan Capital Garrison Command—under the Yuan it was Shunning Prefecture in Shangdu Route. In the third month of Hongwu 4 the prefecture was abolished. In the sixth month of Xuande 5 the command was established here. It governed fifteen guards—the Yu, Yanqing Left, Yongning, and Bao'an guards each seated in its own prefecture or county—plus three defensive thousand-household posts, Guangchang and Meiyu posts at their respective sites, and five forts. It lies three hundred fifty li southeast of the capital.
147
保安右衛永樂十五年置於順聖川，直隸後軍都督府。 十七年移治西沙城。 二十年徙懷安城內。 宣德五年六月改屬。
Bao'an Right Guard—established at Shunshengchuan in Yongle 15, directly under the Rear Army supreme command. In year 17 its seat was moved to Xisha city. In year 20 it was moved into Huai'an city. In the sixth month of Xuande 5 it was transferred to Wanquan command.
148
懷來衛元懷來縣，屬龍慶州。 洪武二年屬永平府。 三年三月屬北平府，尋廢。 三十年正月置懷來守禦千戶所。 永樂十五年改爲懷來左衛，明年曰懷來衛，直隸後軍都督府。 宣德五年六月改屬。 北有螺山，或云即滏山也。 東南有嬀川。 西有沽河。 又西南有土木堡。 東南有榆林堡，又有殷繁水。 西北距都司百五十里。
Huailai Guard—under the Yuan it was Huailai county in Longqing Prefecture. In Hongwu 2 it was placed under Yongping Prefecture. In the third month of year 3 it was transferred to Beiping Prefecture and soon abolished. In the first month of year 30 the Huailai defensive thousand-household post was established. In Yongle 15 it became Huailai Left Guard; the next year Huailai Guard, directly under the Rear Army supreme command. In the sixth month of Xuande 5 it was transferred to Wanquan command. To the north is Luoshan, identified by some as Fushan. The Guishui River lies to the southeast. The Gu River lies to the west. Southwest also is Tumubao Fort. To the southeast are Yulin Fort and the Yinfan River. It lies one hundred fifty li northwest of the command headquarters.
149
開平衛本獨石堡，宣德五年築。 六月自開平故城移衛，置於此。 東有東山，韭菜川出焉，經城南，與氈帽山水合。 又南有獨石水，下流合於龍門川。 南有半壁店、貓兒峪等堡。 東北有清泉堡。 西南距都司三百里。
Kaiping Guard—originally Dushi Fort, built in Xuande 5. In the sixth month the guard was moved from old Kaiping and established here. To the east is East Mountain, whence Jiucai Brook runs south of the city and joins the waters of Zhanmao Mountain. To the south also is Dushi River, which below joins the Longmen River. To the south are Banbodian, Mao'eryu, and other forts. To the northeast is Qingquan Fort. It lies three hundred li southwest of the command headquarters.
150
龍門衛宣德六年七月置於故龍門縣。 東有紅石山，紅石水出焉，下流合於龍門川。 西有大松山。 北有洗馬嶺。 西北有金家莊堡。 東有三岔口堡。 西距都司百二十里。
Longmen Guard—established in the seventh month of Xuande 6 at the former Longmen county. To the east is Hongshi Mountain, whence Hongshi Brook flows down into the Longmen River. To the west is Dasong Mountain. To the north is Xima Ridge. To the northwest is Jinjiazhuang Fort. To the east is Sanchakou Fort. It lies one hundred twenty li west of the command headquarters.
151
興和守禦千戶所永樂二十年自興和舊城徙宣府城內。 宣德五年六月改屬。
Xinghe defensive thousand-household post—in Yongle 20 it was moved from old Xinghe into Xuanfu city. In the sixth month of Xuande 5 its jurisdiction was changed.
152
龍門守禦千戶所宣德六年七月置於李家莊。 西有西高山。 東有白河。 北有牧馬堡。 東有寧遠堡。 東北有長伸地、滴水涯等堡。 東南有樣田堡。 西南距都司二百四十里。
Longmen defensive thousand-household post—established at Lizhuang in the seventh month of Xuande 6. To the west is Xi Gao Mountain. The Bai River lies to the east. To the north is Muma Fort. To the east is Ningyuan Fort. To the northeast are Changshendi, Dishuiya, and other forts. To the southeast is Yangtian Fort. It lies two hundred forty li southwest of the command headquarters.
153
長安嶺堡永樂九年置。 弘治二年置守禦千戶所於此。 有長安嶺，名槍桿嶺。 西北有鷹窩山泉。 西南距都司一百四十里。
Chang'anling Fort was established in Yongle 9. In Hongzhi 2 a defensive thousand-household post was established here. It has Chang'an Ridge, also called Qianggan Ridge. To the northwest is the Yingwo Mountain spring. It lies one hundred forty li southwest of the command headquarters.
154
鵰鶚堡宣德五年六月置。 北有浩門嶺。 南有南河，下流入於白河。 西南距都司一百七十里。
Diaogao Fort was established in the sixth month of Xuande 5. To the north is Haomen Ridge. To the south is the South River, which downstream joins the Bai River. It lies one hundred seventy li southwest of the command headquarters.
155
赤城堡宣德五年六月置。 東有赤城山，又有東河，即通州白河之上源也，又有西河，合焉。 西北有鎮寧堡，弘治十一年置。 西南距都司二百里。
Chicheng Fort was established in the sixth month of Xuande 5. To the east is Chicheng Mountain; also the East River—the upper reach of Tongzhou's Bai River—and the West River, which unite there. To the northwest is Zhenning Fort, established in Hongzhi 11. It lies two hundred li southwest of the command headquarters.
156
雲州堡元雲州，屬上都路。 洪武三年七月屬北平府。 五年七月廢。 宣德五年六月置堡。 景泰五年置新軍千戶所於此。 東北有龍門山，亦曰龍門峽，下爲龍門川。 又北有灤河。 東北有金蓮川。 西北有鴛鴦泊。 又金蓮川東有鎮安堡，成化八年置。 西南距都司二百十里。
Yunzhou Fort—Yuan Yunzhou, under Shangdu Circuit. In the seventh month of Hongwu 3 it was placed under Beiping Prefecture. In the seventh month of year 5 it was abolished. In the sixth month of Xuande 5 the fort was established. In Jingtai 5 a new-army thousand-household post was established here. To the northeast is Longmen Mountain, also called Longmen Gorge, below which lies the Longmen valley. Farther north also is the Luan River. To the northeast is Jinlian River valley. To the northwest is Yuanyang Marsh. East of Jinlian valley is Zhen'an Fort, established in Chenghua 8. It lies two hundred ten li southwest of the command headquarters.
157
馬營堡宣德七年置。 西北有冠帽山。 南有灤河。 又西北有君子堡。 西有松樹堡。 東南有倉上堡。 西南距都司二百里。
Maying Fort was established in Xuande 7. To the northwest is Guanmao Mountain. The Luan River lies to the south. Farther northwest is Junzi Fort. To the west is Songshu Fort. To the southeast is Cangshang Fort. It lies two hundred li southwest of the command headquarters.
158
應天府元集慶路，屬江浙行省。 太祖丙申年三月曰應天府。 洪武元年八月建都，曰南京。 十一年曰京師。 永樂元年仍曰南京。 洪武二年九月始建新城，六年八月成。 內爲宮城，亦曰紫禁城，門六：正南曰午門，左曰左掖，右曰右掖，東曰東安，西曰西安，北曰北安。 宮城之外門六：正南曰洪武，東曰長安左，西曰長安右，東之北曰東華，西之北曰西華，北曰玄武。 皇城之外曰京城，周九十六里，門十三：南曰正陽，南之西曰通濟，又西曰聚寶，西南曰三山，曰石城，北曰太平，北之西曰神策，曰金川，曰鍾阜，東曰朝陽，西曰清涼，西之北曰定淮，曰儀鳳。 後塞鍾阜、儀鳳二門，存十一門。 其外郭，洪武二十三年四月建，週一百八十里，門十有六：東曰姚坊、仙鶴、麒麟、滄波、高橋、雙橋，南曰上方、夾岡、鳳台、大馴象、大安德、小安德，西曰江東，北曰佛寧、上元、觀音。 領縣八。 洪武二十六年編戶一十六萬三千九百一十五，口一百十九萬三千六百二十。 弘治四年，戶一十四萬四千三百六十八，口七十一萬一千三。 萬曆六年，戶一十四萬三千五百九十七，口七十九萬五百一十三。
Yingtian Prefecture—Yuan Jiqing Circuit, under the Jiang-Zhe Branch Secretariat. In the third month of the Taizu's bingchen year it was named Yingtian Prefecture. In the eighth month of Hongwu 1 the capital was founded and called Nanjing. In year 11 it was called the Capital. In Yongle 1 it was again called Nanjing. In the ninth month of Hongwu 2 work began on the new city, completed in the eighth month of year 6. Within lies the palace city, also called the Forbidden City, with six gates: due south the Meridian Gate; left and right the Left and Right Flank gates; east East Peace; west West Peace; north North Peace. Outside the palace city are six gates: due south Hongwu; east Changan Left; west Changan Right; northeast Donghua; northwest Xihua; north Xuanwu. Outside the imperial city is the capital city, ninety-six li around, with thirteen gates: south Zhengyang; west of south Tongji and farther west Jubao; southwest Sanshan and Shicheng; north Taiping; northwest Shence, Jinchuan, and Zhongfu; east Chaoyang; west Qingliang; northwest Dinghuai and Yifeng. Later Zhongfu and Yifeng were closed, leaving eleven gates. The outer wall, built in the fourth month of Hongwu 23, was one hundred eighty li around with sixteen gates: east Yaofang, Xianhe, Qilin, Cangbo, Gaoqiao, and Shuangqiao; south Shangfang, Jiagang, Fengtai, Great Elephant-Taming, Great An'de, and Little An'de; west Jiangdong; north Foning, Shangyuan, and Guanyin. It governed eight counties. In Hongwu 26 it registered 163,915 households and 1,193,620 persons. In Hongzhi 4 there were 144,368 households and 711,003 persons. In Wanli 6 there were 143,597 households and 790,513 persons.
159
上元倚。 太祖丙申年遷縣治淳化鎮，明年復還舊治。 東北有鐘山，山南有孝陵衛，洪武三十一年置。 北有覆舟山。 西北有雞鳴山、幕府山。 又東北有攝山。 東南有方山。 北濱大江。 東南有秦淮水，北流入城，又西出，入大江。 又北有玄武湖。 東有青溪，又有淳化鎮巡檢司。
Shangyuan (seat-attached county). In the Taizu's bingchen year the seat was moved to Chunhua town, then restored the next year. To the northeast is Zhong Mountain; south of it is Xiaoling Guard, established in Hongwu 31. To the north is Fuzhou Mountain. To the northwest are Jiming and Mufu mountains. Farther northeast is She Mountain. To the southeast is Fang Mountain. On the north it borders the Yangtze. To the southeast is the Qinhuai, which enters the city from the north, then flows west out into the Yangtze. To the north also is Xuanwu Lake. To the east is Qing Brook and the Chunhua town patrol inspectorate.
160
江寧倚。 南有聚寶山、牛首山。 西南有三山、烈山、慈姥山。 西濱大江。 東北有靖安河。 西南有大勝關、江寧鎮。 東南有秣陵關。 西有江東四巡檢司。 北有龍江關，置戶分司於此。
Jiangning (seat-attached county). To the south are Jubao and Niushou mountains. To the southwest are Sanshan, Lieshan, and Cimu mountains. On the west it borders the Yangtze. To the northeast is the Jing'an River. To the southwest are Dasheng Pass and Jiangning town. To the southeast is Muling Pass. To the west is the Jiangdong Fourth patrol inspectorate. To the north is Longjiang Pass, where a household-distribution sub-office was established.
161
句容府東。 南有茅山。 北有華山，秦淮水源於此。 北濱大江。 西北有龍潭巡檢司。
Jurong, east of the prefectural seat. To the south is Maoshan. To the north is Huashan, the source of the Qinhuai. On the north it borders the Yangtze. To the northwest is the Longtan patrol inspectorate.
162
溧陽府東南。 元溧陽州。 洪武二年降爲縣。 東南有鐵山、銅山。 西南有鐵冶山。 北有長蕩湖，一名洮湖，與宜興、金壇二縣分界。 西北有溧水，一名瀨水，上承丹陽湖，東流爲宜興縣荊溪，入太湖，舊名永陽江，又曰中江也。 西北有上興埠巡檢司，後廢。
Liyang, southeast of the prefectural seat. Under the Yuan it was Liyang zhou. In Hongwu 2 it was demoted to a county. To the southeast are Tieshan and Tongshan. To the southwest is Tieye Mountain. To the north is Changdang Lake, also called Tao Lake, on the border with Yixing and Jintan counties. To the northwest is the Lishui, also called the Lai River; it takes water from Danyang Lake, flows east as Yixing county's Jing Brook into Tai Lake, and was formerly the Yongyang River, also known as the Middle River. To the northwest was the Shangxingbu patrol inspectorate, later abolished.
163
溧水府東。 元溧水州。 洪武二年降爲縣。 東南有東廬山，秦淮水別源出焉。 南有石臼湖，西連丹陽湖，注大江。
Lishui, east of the prefectural seat. Under the Yuan it was Lishui zhou. In Hongwu 2 it was demoted to a county. To the southeast is East Lu Mountain, whence a separate branch of the Qinhuai rises. To the south is Shijiu Lake, which westward links Danyang Lake and drains into the Yangtze.
164
高淳府南。 弘治四年以溧水縣高淳鎮置。 西南有固城、丹陽、石臼諸湖。 東南有廣通鎮，俗曰東壩，有廣通鎮巡檢司。
Gaochun, south of the prefectural seat. In Hongzhi 4 it was established from Gaochun town in Lishui county. To the southwest are Gucheng, Danyang, Shijiu, and other lakes. To the southeast is Guangtong town, commonly called Dongba, with a Guangtong town patrol inspectorate.
165
江浦府西。 本六合縣浦子口巡檢司，洪武九年六月改爲縣，析和、滁二州及江寧縣地益之。 二十五年七月移於江北新開路口，仍置巡檢司於舊治。 東南濱大江，有江淮衛，洪武二十八年正月置。 又有西江口巡檢司。
Jiangpu—west of the prefectural seat. It was originally the Puzikou patrol inspectorate in Liuhe county; in the sixth month of Hongwu 9 it became a county, with land taken from He and Chu prefectures and Jiangning county. In the seventh month of year 25 the seat was moved to the new river mouth on the north bank, while the patrol inspectorate stayed at the old site. It borders the Yangtze to the southeast; the Jianghuai Guard was established in the first month of Hongwu 28. There is also a patrol inspectorate at Xijiang Mouth.
166
六合府西北。 元屬真州。 洪武三年直隸揚州府。 二十二年二月來屬。 東有瓜步山，濱大江，滁河水自西來，入焉。 有瓜埠巡檢司。
Liuhe—northwest of the prefectural seat. Under the Yuan it belonged to Zhenzhou. In Hongwu 3 it was placed directly under Yangzhou Prefecture. In the second month of year 22 it was reassigned here. To the east is Guabu Mountain on the Yangtze; the Chuzhou River enters from the west. It has a patrol inspectorate at Guabu.
167
鳳陽府元濠州，屬安豐路。 太祖吳元年升爲臨濠府。 洪武二年九月建中都，置留守司於此。 六年九月曰中立府。 七年八月曰鳳陽府。 洪武二年九月建中都城於舊城西，三年十二月始成。 週五十里四百四十三步。 立門九：正南曰洪武，南之左曰南左甲第，右曰前右甲第，北之東曰北左甲第，西曰後右甲第，正東曰獨山，東之左曰長春，右曰朝陽，正西曰塗山。 中爲皇城，周九里三十步，正南門曰午門，北曰玄城，東曰東華，西曰西華。 領州五，縣十三。 距南京三百三十里。 洪武二十六年編戶七萬九千一百七，口四十二萬七千三百三。 弘治四年，戶九萬五千一十，口九十三萬一千一百八。 萬曆六年，戶一十一萬一千七十，口一百二十萬二千三百四十九。
Fengyang Prefecture—under the Yuan it was Haozhou in the Anfeng Route. In the Taizu's Wu year it was raised to Linhao Prefecture. In the ninth month of Hongwu 2 the Central Capital was founded and a capital garrison command was stationed here. In the ninth month of year 6 it was renamed Neutral Prefecture. In the eighth month of year 7 it became Fengyang Prefecture. In the ninth month of Hongwu 2 the Central Capital was built west of the old city and completed in the twelfth month of year 3. Its circuit was fifty li and four hundred forty-three paces. Nine gates were opened: due south, Hongwu; to its left, South Left First Rank Residence, and to its right, Front Right First Rank Residence; northeast, North Left First Rank Residence, and northwest, Rear Right First Rank Residence; due east, Dushan; east left, Changchun, and east right, Chaoyang; due west, Tushan. Inside stood the imperial city, nine li and thirty paces around; its south gate was the Meridian Gate, the north gate Profound City, the east East Glory, and the west West Glory. It governed five subprefectures and thirteen counties. It lay three hundred thirty li from Nanjing. In Hongwu 26 it had 79,107 registered households and 427,303 persons. In Hongzhi 4 it had 95,010 registered households and 931,108 persons. In Wanli 6 it had 111,070 registered households and 1,202,349 persons.
168
鳳陽倚。 洪武七年八月析臨淮縣地置，爲府治。 十一年又割虹縣地益之。 北濱淮，南有鏌鋣山，西濠水出焉。 又西南有皇陵城，洪武二年置衛。 西北有長淮關，洪武六年置長淮衛於此。 東北有洪塘湖屯田守禦千戶所，洪武十一年置。
Fengyang—the prefectural seat. In the eighth month of Hongwu 7 land was taken from Linhuai county to establish the prefectural seat. In year 11 more land was taken from Hong county and added. It borders the Huai to the north; Moyecha Mountain lies to the south, whence the western Hao River rises. To the southwest also is Imperial Mausoleum City, where a guard was established in Hongwu 2. To the northwest is Changhuai Pass, where the Changhuai Guard was established in Hongwu 6. To the northeast is the Hongtang Lake garrison-agriculture defense thousand-household office, established in Hongwu 11.
169
臨淮府東北。 元曰鍾離，爲濠州治。 洪武二年九月改曰中立。 三年十一月改曰臨淮。 七年爲府屬。 北濱淮。 有二濠水，東源出濠塘山，西源出鏌鋣山，至城西南合流，東入淮。
Linhuai—northeast of Fengyang Prefecture. Under the Yuan it was called Zhongli, the seat of Haozhou. In the ninth month of Hongwu 2 it was renamed Neutral. In the eleventh month of year 3 it became Linhuai. In year 7 it was placed under the prefecture. It borders the Huai to the north. Two Hao Rivers meet here: the eastern rises at Haotang Mountain and the western at Moyecha Mountain; southwest of the city they unite and flow east into the Huai.
170
懷遠府西北。 荊山在縣西南。 塗山在縣東南。 淮水經兩山峽間，有北肥水入焉。 又北有渦水亦入淮，謂之渦口。 又西南有洛水，與壽州分界，徑縣南新城村入淮。 有洛河鎮巡檢司。
Huaiyuan—northwest of Fengyang Prefecture. Jing Mountain lies southwest of the county. Tu Mountain lies southeast of the county. The Huai runs through the gorge between the two mountains, and the North Fei River joins it. To the north the Wo River also enters the Huai at what is called the Wo Mouth. To the southwest is the Luo River, bordering Shouzhou and entering the Huai south of the county at Xincheng village. It has a patrol inspectorate at Luohe town.
171
定遠府南。 南有池河。。 西有洛河。 又有英武衛在北，飛熊衛在東北，俱洪武十一年置。
Dingyuan—south of Fengyang Prefecture. To the south is the Chi River. To the west is the Luo River. The Yingwu Guard lies to the north and the Feixiong Guard to the northeast, both established in Hongwu 11.
172
五河府東北。 元屬泗州。 洪武四年二月來屬。 舊治在縣南，永樂元年圮於水，徙治西北界。 嘉靖二十五年遷於澮河北，即今治也。 東濱淮。 東南有漴河，西北有澮河、沱河，東北有潼河，並流合淮，謂之五河口。 又西有上店巡檢司，後廢。
Wuhe—northeast of Fengyang Prefecture. Under the Yuan it belonged to Sizhou. In the second month of Hongwu 4 it was reassigned here. The old seat lay south of the county; in Yongle 1 it was destroyed by flooding and the seat was moved to the northwest border. In Jiajing 25 it was moved north of the Hui River to the present seat. It borders the Huai to the east. To the southeast is the Chong River; to the northwest the Hui and Tuo rivers; to the northeast the Tong River—all unite and enter the Huai at the Five Rivers Mouth. To the west there was once a patrol inspectorate at Shangdian, later abolished.
173
虹府東北。 元屬泗州。 洪武七年七月來屬。 南有汴河。 東南有潼河。 西有沱河。
Hong county—northeast of Fengyang Prefecture. Under the Yuan it belonged to Sizhou. In the seventh month of Hongwu 7 it was reassigned here. To the south is the Bian Canal. To the southeast is the Tong River. To the west is the Tuo River.
174
霍丘州西南。 西南有大別山。 北濱淮，史河、灃河俱流入焉。 南有開順鎮、丁塔店，西有高唐店三巡檢司。
Huoqiu—southwest of Fengyang Prefecture. The Dabie Mountains lie to the southwest. It borders the Huai to the north, into which the Shi and Feng rivers flow. To the south are patrol inspectorates at Kaishun town, Dingta shop, and Gaotang shop.
175
蒙城州北。 北有渦水，又有北肥水。
Mengcheng—north of Fengyang Prefecture. To the north is the Wo River and also the North Fei River.
176
泗州元屬淮安路。 太祖吳元年屬臨濠府。 洪武二年九月直隸中書省。 四年二月還屬府，後以州治臨淮縣省入。 南濱淮，有汴水自城北南流入焉。 西距府二百十里，領縣二：
Sizhou—under the Yuan it belonged to the Huai'an Route. In the Taizu's Wu year it belonged to Linhao Prefecture. In the ninth month of Hongwu 2 it was placed directly under the Secretariat. In the second month of year 4 it returned to Fengyang Prefecture; later Linhuai, the seat county, was abolished and merged in. It borders the Huai to the south; the Bian Canal runs south from north of the city and enters it. It lies two hundred ten li west of the prefectural seat and governed two counties:
177
盱眙州南。 東南有都梁山。 東北有龜山。 西有浮山。 北濱淮，有池河自西來入焉。 又東北有洪澤湖，淮水之所匯也。 又西有舊縣巡檢司。
Xuyi—south of Sizhou. To the southeast is Duliang Mountain. To the northeast is Turtle Mountain. To the west is Fushan. It borders the Huai to the north; the Chi River enters from the west. To the northeast is Hongze Lake, where the Huai gathers. To the west is also the Old County patrol inspectorate.
178
天長州東南。 冶山在縣南。 西北有石樑河，下流爲五湖，接高郵州界。 東北有城門鄉巡檢司。
Tianchang—southeast of Sizhou. Ye Mountain lies south of the county. To the northwest is the Shiliang River, whose lower course forms the Five Lakes and reaches Gaoyou Prefecture. To the northeast is the Chengmeng township patrol inspectorate.
179
宿州元屬歸德府。 洪武四年二月來屬。 龍山在西南，北肥水出焉。 又北有睢河，自河南永城縣流入，下流至宿遷縣合淮，亦曰小河也。 南有汴河，亦自永城縣流入，又有澮河與渙水合。 又東南有沱水。 東南距府二百三十三里。 領縣一：
Suzhou—under the Yuan it belonged to Guide Prefecture. In the second month of Hongwu 4 it was reassigned here. Long Mountain lies to the southwest, whence the North Fei River rises. To the north is also the Sui River, entering from Yongcheng county in Henan; below it reaches Suqian county and joins the Huai, also called the Small River. To the south is the Bian Canal, which also enters from Yongcheng county; the Hui River joins the Huan River. To the southeast is also the Tuo River. It lies two hundred thirty-three li southeast of Fengyang Prefecture. It governed one county:
180
靈璧州東。 西南有齊眉山。 北有磬石山。 黃河在東北。 南有汴河。 北有睢河。 又南有固鎮巡檢司。
Lingbi—east of Suzhou. To the southwest is Qimei Mountain. To the north is Qingshi Mountain. The Yellow River lies to the northeast. To the south is the Bian River. To the north is the Sui River. Farther south is the Guzhen patrol inspectorate.
181
潁州元屬汝寧府。 洪武四年二月來屬。 淮河在南，自河南固始縣流入，下流合大河入海。 又南有汝水，自河南息縣流入，經硃皋鎮入淮。 又北有潁河，自河南沈丘縣流入。 洪武二十四年，黃河決於河南，由陳州合潁，徑太和縣，又經州城北，又經潁上縣，至壽州同入於淮。 永樂九年，河復故道。 宣德、正統、成化、正德間，河、潁時通時塞，俗亦稱潁爲小黃河。 西北又有沈丘鎮巡檢司。 東距府四百四十里。 領縣二：
Ying Prefecture—under the Yuan it belonged to Runing Prefecture. In the second month of Hongwu 4 it was transferred here. The Huai River lies to the south, entering from Gushi County in Henan; its lower reaches join the Great River to reach the sea. Also to the south is the Ru River, entering from Xi County in Henan and passing through Zhugao town to enter the Huai. Also to the north is the Ying River, entering from Shenqiu County in Henan. In Hongwu 24 the Yellow River burst in Henan, joined the Ying at Chenzhou, ran through Taihe County, passed north of the prefectural seat, then through Yingshang County, and reached Shouzhou to enter the Huai together. In Yongle 9 the river returned to its old course. Between Xuande, Zhengtong, Chenghua, and Zhengde the rivers sometimes flowed and sometimes silted up; popularly the Ying was also called the Little Yellow River. To the northwest also is the Shenqiu town patrol inspectorate. It lies four hundred forty li east of the prefecture. It governed two counties:
182
潁上州東南。 東有潁河。 南有淮河。 東北有西肥水。
Yingshang—southeast of Ying Prefecture. To the east is the Ying River. To the south is the Huai River. To the northeast is the Xi Fei River.
183
太和州西北。 南有潁水，亦名沙河。 北有西肥水。 又有洪山、北原和二巡檢司。
Taihe—northwest of Ying Prefecture. To the south is the Ying River, also called the Sha River. To the north is the Xi Fei River. Also the Hongshan and Beiyuanhe patrol inspectorates.
184
亳州元屬歸德府。 洪武初，以州治譙縣省入，尋降爲縣，屬歸德州。 六年屬潁州。 弘治九年十月復升爲州。 西有渦河，自河南鹿邑縣流入，北有馬尚河，流合焉。 南有西肥水，即夏肥水也。 又東南有城父縣，洪武中廢。 又有義門巡檢司。 東南距府四百五十里。
Bo Prefecture—under the Yuan it belonged to Guide Prefecture. At the beginning of Hongwu, Qiao County, the seat county, was abolished and merged in; soon it was reduced to a county subordinate to Guide Prefecture. In year 6 it was subordinated to Ying Prefecture. In the tenth month of Hongzhi 9 it was again promoted to a zhou. To the west is the Guo River, entering from Luyi County in Henan; to the north is the Mashang River, which joins it. To the south is the Xi Fei River, which is the Xia Fei River. Also to the southeast was Chengfù County, abolished in Hongwu. Also the Yimen patrol inspectorate. It lies four hundred fifty li southeast of the prefecture.
185
淮安府元淮安路，屬淮東道宣慰司。 太祖丙午年四月爲府。 領州二，縣九。 西南距南京五百里。 洪武二十六年，編戶八萬六百八十九，口六十三萬二千五百四十一。 弘治四年，戶二萬七千九百七十八，口二十三萬七千五百二十七。 萬曆六年，戶一十萬九千二百五，口九十萬六千三十三。
Huaian Prefecture—under the Yuan the Huaian Route, under the Huaidong Circuit Pacification Commission. In the fourth month of Bingwu in the Taizu reign it became a prefecture. It governed two zhou and nine counties. It lies five hundred li southwest of Nanjing. In Hongwu 26 registered households numbered eighty thousand six hundred eighty-nine and population six hundred thirty-two thousand five hundred forty-one. In Hongzhi 4 there were twenty-seven thousand nine hundred seventy-eight households and a population of two hundred thirty-seven thousand five hundred twenty-seven. In Wanli 6 there were one hundred nine thousand two hundred five households and a population of nine hundred six thousand thirty-three.
186
山陽倚。 北濱淮。 高家堰在其西南。 南有運河，永樂中浚。 西南有永濟河，萬曆九年開，長六十五里，亦謂之新運河。 東南有射陽湖。 東北有馬邏鄉、廟灣鎮、羊寨鄉三巡檢司。
Shanyang—the attached seat county. To the north it borders the Huai. Gaojia Weir lies to its southwest. To the south is the Grand Canal, dredged in Yongle. To the southwest is the Yongji River, opened in Wanli 9, sixty-five li long, also called the New Grand Canal. To the southeast is Sheyang Lake. To the northeast are the Maluo township, Miaowan town, and Yangzhai township patrol inspectorates.
187
清河府西。 縣治濱黃河，崇禎末，遷治縣東南之甘羅城。 南有淮河，東北與黃河合，謂之清口，舊謂之泗口。 自徐州至此，皆泗水故道，爲黃河所奪者也。 南有洪澤湖，有洪澤巡檢司。 又東有馬頭鎮巡檢司。
Qinghe—west of the prefecture. The county seat bordered the Yellow River; at the end of Chongzhen it was moved to Ganluo city southeast of the county. To the south is the Huai River; to the northeast it joins the Yellow River at Qingkou, formerly called Sikou. From Xuzhou to here all was the old course of the Si River, seized by the Yellow River. To the south is Hongze Lake, with the Hongze patrol inspectorate. Also to the east is the Matou town patrol inspectorate.
188
鹽城府東南。 東濱海，有鹽場。 北有射陽湖。 西有清溝、西北有喻口鎮二巡檢司。
Yancheng—southeast of the prefecture. To the east it borders the sea, with salt fields. To the north is Sheyang Lake. To the west is Qinggou and to the northwest Yukou town—two patrol inspectorates.
189
安東府東北。 元安東州。 洪武二年正月降爲縣。 東北朐山在南。 東北有鬱洲山，在海中，洪武初，置東海巡檢司於此，後移於州南之新壩。 西南有漣河，又有桑墟湖，濱海。 南有淮水，東北過雲梯關，折旋入於海。 自清口至此，皆淮水故道，爲黃河所奪者也。 又漣水自西北來，東南流入淮。 又西北有碩項湖。 東北有五港口、長樂鎮，東南有壩上三巡檢司。
Andong—northeast of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it was Andong zhou. In the first month of Hongwu 2 it was reduced to a county. Goushan lies to the northeast; [the county] extends to the south. To the northeast is Yuzhou Mountain, in the sea; at the beginning of Hongwu the East Sea patrol inspectorate was placed here, later moved to Xinba south of the former zhou. To the southwest is the Lian River, and also Sangxu Lake, which borders the sea. To the south is the Huai River, which northeast of Yunti Pass turns and enters the sea. From Qingkou to here all was the old course of the Huai, seized by the Yellow River. Also the Lian River comes from the northwest and flows southeast into the Huai. Also to the northwest is Shuoxiang Lake. To the northeast are Wugangkou and Changle town; to the southeast are the three Bashang patrol inspectorates.
190
桃源府西北。 元曰桃園。 洪武初，更名。 北有大河，即泗水故道。 西北有古城巡檢司。 東有三義鎮巡檢司，崇禎末，移於縣西之白洋河鎮。
Taoyuan—northwest of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it was called Taoyuan. At the beginning of Hongwu it was renamed. To the north is the Great River—the old course of the Si River. To the northwest is the Gucheng patrol inspectorate. To the east is the Sanyi town patrol inspectorate; at the end of Chongzhen it was moved to Baiyanghe town west of the county.
191
沭陽府北。 元屬海寧州。 洪武初改屬。 東南有沭水，自山東郯城縣流入，其下流爲漣水。 又北有桑墟湖。 海州元曰海寧州。 洪武初，復曰海州，以州治朐山縣省入。 北有於公、白溝等浦，皆產鹽。 南有惠澤、西北有高橋二巡檢司。 南距府二百七十里。 領縣一：
Shuyang—north of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it belonged to Haining zhou. At the beginning of Hongwu its affiliation was changed here. To the southeast is the Shu River, entering from Tancheng County in Shandong; its lower course is the Lian River. Also to the north is Sangxu Lake. Haizhou—under the Yuan called Haining zhou. At the beginning of Hongwu it was again called Haizhou, and Goushan County, the seat county, was abolished and merged in. To the north are the Yugong, Baigou, and other estuaries, all producing salt. To the south is Huize and to the northwest Gaoqiao—two patrol inspectorates. It lies two hundred seventy li south of the prefecture. It governed one county:
192
贛榆州北。 西北有羽山。 東濱海。 東北有荻水鎮、南有臨洪鎮二巡檢司。
Ganyu—north of Haizhou. To the northwest is Yushan. To the east it borders the sea. To the northeast is Dishui town and to the south Linhong town—two patrol inspectorates.
193
邳州元屬歸德府。 洪武初，以州治下邳縣省入。 四年二月改屬中都。 十五年來屬。 北有艾山，接山東沂水縣界。 西有沂水，自沂州西流，至下邳入泗。 又西北有泇河。 萬曆三十五年開泇以通運，自沛縣夏鎮迄直河口，長二百六十餘里，避黃河險者三百餘里。 有直河口巡檢司。 又西有新安巡檢司。 東南距府四百五十里。 領縣二：
Pi Prefecture—under the Yuan it belonged to Guide Prefecture. At the beginning of Hongwu, Xiapi County, the seat county, was abolished and merged in. In the second month of year 4 it was transferred to the Central Capital. In year 15 it was transferred here. To the north is Aishan, bordering Yishui County in Shandong. To the west is the Yi River, flowing west from Yi Prefecture to enter the Si at Xiapi. Also to the northwest is the Jia River. In Wanli 35 the Jia was opened for transport from Xiazhen in Pei County to Zhikou, two hundred sixty-odd li long, avoiding three hundred-odd li of Yellow River hazards. There is the Zhikou patrol inspectorate. Also to the west is the Xin'an patrol inspectorate. It lies four hundred fifty li southeast of the prefecture. It governed two counties:
194
宿遷州東南。 北有峒峿山。 南有大河，即泗水故道。 又東南有睢水，入大河，曰睢口，亦曰小河口。 又東南有白洋河，西北有駱馬湖，皆入大河。 東北有劉家莊巡檢司。
Suqian—southeast of the zhou. To the north is Mount Dongwu. To the south is the great river—the old course of the Si River. Farther southeast the Sui River joins the great river at Suikou, also called Xiaohekou. Farther southeast is the Baiyang River, and to the northwest Luoma Lake; both flow into the great river. To the northeast is the Liujiazhuang patrol inspectorate.
195
睢寧州南。 北濱大河。 有睢水自西來，經縣界，至睢口入河。
Suining—south of the zhou. Its north borders the great river. The Sui River flows in from the west through the county and enters the great river at Suikou.
196
揚州府元揚州路，屬淮東道宣慰司。 太祖丁酉年十月曰淮海府。 辛丑年十二月曰維揚府。 丙午年正月曰揚州府。 領州三，縣七。 西距南京二百二十里。 洪武二十六年編戶一十二萬三千九十七，口七十三萬六千一百六十五。 弘治四年，戶一十萬四千一百四，口六十五萬六千五百四十七。 萬曆六年，戶一十四萬七千二百一十六，口八十一萬七千八百五十六。
Yangzhou Prefecture—under the Yuan it was Yangzhou Route in the Huai East Circuit pacification commission. In the tenth month of the Founder's dingyou year it was named Huaihai Prefecture. In the twelfth month of the xinchou year it was renamed Weiyang Prefecture. In the first month of the bingwu year it became Yangzhou Prefecture. It governed three zhou and seven counties. It lay two hundred twenty li west of Nanjing. In Hongwu 26 it had 123,097 registered households and 736,165 persons. In Hongzhi 4 it had 104,104 households and 656,547 persons. In Wanli 6 it had 147,216 households and 817,856 persons.
197
江都倚。 元末廢。 太祖辛丑年復置。 西有蜀岡。 東有官河，即古邗溝，今運河也。 南濱大江。 東北有艾陵湖。 北有邵伯湖，有邵伯鎮巡檢司。 又東有萬壽鎮、西北有上官橋、南有瓜洲鎮三巡檢司。 又東有歸仁鎮巡檢司，後遷便益河口。
Jiangdu (seat-attached county). It was abolished at the end of the Yuan. The Founder restored it in the xinchou year. To the west is Shu Hill. To the east is the official river—the ancient Hangou, today's Grand Canal. Its south borders the Yangtze. To the northeast is Ailing Lake. To the north is Shaobo Lake, with a patrol inspectorate at Shaobo town. Farther east is Wanshou town, northwest Shangguan Bridge, and south Guazhou town—three patrol inspectorates. Farther east was the Guiren town patrol inspectorate, later moved to the Bianyi River mouth.
198
儀真府西。 元真州，治揚子縣。 洪武二年，州廢，改縣曰儀真。 西北有大、小銅山。 南濱江。 南有運河。 東南有舊江口巡檢司，尋移於縣南汊河口。
Yizhen—west of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it was Zhen prefecture, seated at Yangzi county. In Hongwu 2 the zhou was abolished and the county was renamed Yizhen. To the northwest are the great and small Tong mountains. Its south borders the river. To the south is the Grand Canal. To the southeast was the Jiujiangkou patrol inspectorate, soon moved to Chakou south of the county.
199
泰興府南。 南濱江。 西北有口岸鎮、東有黃橋鎮、南有印莊三巡檢司。
Taixing—south of the prefecture. Its south borders the river. To the northwest is Kou'an town, to the east Huangqiao town, and to the south Yinzhuang—three patrol inspectorates.
200
高郵州元高郵府，屬淮東道宣慰司。 洪武元年閏七月降爲州，以州治高郵縣省入。 西有運河。 西北有樊樑、甓社、新開等湖。 西南有白馬塘。 北有張家溝、東北有時堡二巡檢司。 又西有北阿鎮。 東有三垛鎮。 西南距府百二十里。 領縣二：
Gaoyou zhou—under the Yuan it was Gaoyou Prefecture in the Huai East Circuit pacification commission. In the intercalary seventh month of Hongwu 1 it was reduced to a zhou and Gaoyou, the seat county, was abolished and merged in. To the west is the Grand Canal. To the northwest are Fanliang, Pishe, Xinkai, and other lakes. To the southwest is Baima Pond. To the north is Zhangjiagou and to the northeast Shibao—two patrol inspectorates. Farther west is Bei'a town. To the east is Sanduo town. It lay one hundred twenty li southwest of the prefecture. It governed two counties:
201
寶應州北。 西有運河，又有汜光、白馬、射陽等湖。 南有槐樓鎮、西南有衡陽二巡檢司。
Baoying—north of the zhou. To the west is the Grand Canal, with Fan'guang, Baima, Sheyang, and other lakes. To the south is Huailou town and to the southwest Hengyang—two patrol inspectorates.
202
興化州東。 南有運河。 東有得勝湖。 東北有安豐巡檢司。 又東北有鹽場。
Xinghua—east of the zhou. To the south is the Grand Canal. To the east is Desheng Lake. To the northeast is the Anfeng patrol inspectorate. Farther northeast are salt works.
203
泰州洪武初，以州治海陵縣省入。 東濱海。 南濱江。 西有運河。 東北有西溪鎮、北有寧鄉鎮、東南有海安鎮三巡檢司。 西距府百二十里。 領縣一：
Taizhou—in early Hongwu, Hailing, the seat county, was abolished and merged into the zhou. Its east faces the sea. Its south borders the river. To the west is the Grand Canal. To the northeast is Xixi town, to the north Ningxiang town, and to the southeast Hai'an town—three patrol inspectorates. It lay one hundred twenty li west of the prefecture. It governed one county:
204
如皋州東南。 大江在縣南。 運河在縣北。 東有掘港、南有石莊、北有西場三巡檢司。 又東南有白浦鎮。
Rugao—southeast of the zhou. The Yangtze lies south of the county. The Grand Canal lies north of the county. To the east is Juegang, to the south Shizhuang, and to the north Xichang—three patrol inspectorates. Farther southeast is Baipu town.
205
通州洪武初，以州治靜海縣省入。 南有狼山，臨大江，有狼山巡檢司。 東南濱海，舊有海門島及布州夾。 西有運鹽河。 又東北有石港巡檢司。 城南有利豐監，宋置。 西距府四百里。 領縣一：
Tongzhou—in early Hongwu, Jinghai, the seat county, was abolished and merged into the zhou. To the south is Lang Mountain on the Yangtze, with a patrol inspectorate at Lang Mountain. Its southeast faces the sea; it once had Haimen Island and the Buzhou narrows. To the west is the salt-transport river. Farther northeast is the Shigang patrol inspectorate. South of the city is the Lifeng salt supervisorate, established in the Song. It lay four hundred li west of the prefecture. It governed one county:
206
海門州東。 舊治禮安鄉圮於海，正德七年徙治餘中場。 嘉靖二十四年八月遷於金沙場以避水患。 海在東，大江於此入海。 又西有張港、東有吳陵、又有安東壩上、又有白塔河四巡檢司。 東南有料角嘴。
Haimen—east of the zhou. The old seat at Li'an township was lost to the sea; in Zhengde 7 the seat was moved to Yuzhong field. In the eighth month of Jiajing 24 it was moved to Jinsha field to escape flooding. The sea lies to the east; here the Yangtze enters the sea. Farther west is Zhanggang, to the east Wuling, and also patrol inspectorates at upper Andong dam and Baita River—four in all. To the southeast is Liaojiao Cape.
207
蘇州府元平江路，屬江浙行省。 太祖吳元年九月曰蘇州府。 領州一，縣七。 西距南京五百八十八里。 洪武二十六年編戶四十九萬一千五百一十四，口二百三十五萬五千三十。 弘治四年，戶五十三萬五千四百九，口二百四萬八千九十七。 萬曆六年，戶六十萬七百五十五，口二百一萬一千九百八十五。
Suzhou Prefecture—under the Yuan it was Pingjiang Route in the Jiang-Zhe Branch Secretariat. In the ninth month of the Founder's Wu reign it became Suzhou Prefecture. It governed one zhou and seven counties. It lay five hundred eighty-eight li west of Nanjing. In Hongwu 26 it had 491,514 registered households and 2,355,030 persons. In Hongzhi 4 it had 535,409 households and 2,048,097 persons. In Wanli 6 it had 600,755 households and 2,011,985 persons.
208
吳倚。 西有姑蘇山。 西南有橫山，又有穹窿、光福等山。 又有太湖。 湖縱廣三百八十三里，週三萬六千頃，跨蘇、常、嘉、湖四府之境，亦曰具區，亦曰五湖，中有包山、莫釐山。 又南有吳淞江，亦曰松江，亦曰鬆陵江，亦曰笠澤，自太湖分流，東入海。 又西有運河。 西南有木瀆、東山、甪頭三巡檢司。 又有橫金巡檢司，後廢。
Wu (seat-attached county). To the west is Gusu Mountain. To the southwest is Mount Heng, with Qionglong, Guangfu, and other mountains. There is also Lake Tai. The lake measures three hundred eighty-three li long and wide, with a circumference of thirty-six thousand qing, spanning Suzhou, Changzhou, Jiaxing, and Huzhou; it is also called Juqu and the Five Lakes, and contains Mount Bao and Mount Moli. Farther south is the Wusong River—also called the Song River, Songling River, and Lizhe—which branches from Lake Tai and flows east to the sea. Farther west is the Grand Canal. To the southwest are Mudu, Dongshan, and Ludou—three patrol inspectorates. There was also a patrol inspectorate at Hengjin, later abolished.
209
長洲倚。 西北有虎丘山，又有陽山，又有長蕩、陽城等湖。 東有婁江，源出太湖。 東南有運河。 又北有吳塔、東南有陳墓二巡檢司。 又東有唐湖巡檢司。 後廢。
Changwu (seat-attached county). To the northwest are Mount Tiger Hill (Huiqiu) and Mount Yang, with lakes such as Changdang and Yangcheng. To the east is the Lou River, which rises in Lake Tai. To the southeast is the Grand Canal. Farther north is the Wuta patrol inspectorate, and to the southeast one at Chenmu—two in all. Farther east is the Tanghu patrol inspectorate. Later abolished.
210
吳江府東南。 元吳江州。 洪武二年降爲縣。 西濱太湖。 東有吳淞江，又有運河。 又東南有白蜆江。 又東有同里，南有平望，西南有震澤，東南有簡村、汾湖五巡檢司。 又東有長橋、西南有瀾溪、東南有因瀆三巡檢司，後廢。
Wujiang—southeast of the prefectural seat. Under the Yuan it was Wujiang Zhou. In Hongwu 2 it was reduced to a county. On the west it adjoins Lake Tai. To the east are the Wusong River and the Grand Canal. Farther southeast is the Baixian River. Farther east is Tongli, to the south Pingwang, to the southwest Zhenze, and to the southeast Jiancun and Fenhu—five patrol inspectorates in all. Farther east was Changqiao, to the southwest Lanxi, and to the southeast Yindu—three patrol inspectorates, later abolished.
211
崑山府東。 元崑山州。 洪武二年降爲縣。 南有吳淞江。 西有女婁江。 東南有澱山湖。 又南有千墩浦，東有夏駕浦，皆注於婁江。 東南有石浦巡檢司，後移於千墩浦口。 西北有巴城巡檢司，後移於縣西之真義鎮。
Kunshan—east of the prefectural seat. Under the Yuan it was Kunshan Zhou. In Hongwu 2 it was reduced to a county. To the south is the Wusong River. To the west is the Nulou River. To the southeast is Dianshan Lake. Farther south is Qiandun Creek and to the east Xiajia Creek; both empty into the Lou River. To the southeast was the Shipu patrol inspectorate, later moved to the mouth of Qiandun Creek. To the northwest was the Bacheng patrol inspectorate, later moved to Zhenyi Town west of the county.
212
常熟府北。 元常熟州。 洪武二年降爲縣。 萬曆末避諱曰嘗熟。 西北有虞山。 北有福山，下臨大江。 有福山浦，又東有白茆浦，東北有許浦，西北有奚浦、黃泗浦，爲五大浦。 皆分太湖西北之水，注於大江。 南有運河。 有許浦、白茅、黃泗、福山四巡檢司。
Changshu—north of the prefectural seat. Under the Yuan it was Changshu Zhou. In Hongwu 2 it was reduced to a county. At the end of the Wanli reign, taboo avoidance changed the written name to Changshu. To the northwest is Mount Yu. To the north is Mount Fu, overlooking the great river (Yangtze) below. There are Fushan Creek, and farther east Baimao Creek, northeast Xu Creek, and northwest Xi and Huangsipu Creeks—the five great creeks. All divert water from the northwest of Lake Tai and discharge into the great river. To the south is the Grand Canal. There are patrol inspectorates at Xu, Baimao, Huangsi, and Fushan—four in all.
213
嘉定府東。 元嘉定州。 洪武二年降爲縣。 東濱海，南有運河。 又南有吳淞江，東南有白鶴江，西南有青龍江，南有蟠龍江，皆匯吳淞江入海。 又劉河在縣北，即婁江也。 又東南有吳淞江守禦千戶所，洪武十九年置。 又有寶山守禦千戶所，本協守吳淞中千戶所，嘉靖三十六年置，萬曆五年更名。 又東有顧徑、東南有江灣二巡檢司。 又西南有吳塘、南有南翔二巡檢司，後廢。
Jiading—east of the prefectural seat. Under the Yuan it was Jiading Zhou. In Hongwu 2 it was reduced to a county. On the east it faces the sea; to the south is the Grand Canal. Farther south is the Wusong River, with the Baihe River to the southeast, Qinglong River to the southwest, and Panlong River to the south—all joining the Wusong and reaching the sea. Farther north is the Liu River—the same as the Lou River. To the southeast is the Wusong River garrison-defense thousand-household post, established in Hongwu 19. There is also the Baoshan garrison-defense thousand-household post, originally the cooperative-defense Wusong Central Battalion, established in Jiajing 36 and renamed in Wanli 5. Farther east is the Gujing patrol inspectorate and to the southeast one at Jiangwan—two in all. Farther southwest was Wutang and to the south Nanxiang—two patrol inspectorates, later abolished.
214
崇明州東。 元崇明州，屬揚州路。 洪武二年降爲縣。 八年改屬蘇州府。 弘治十年正月來屬。 舊治在縣東北曰東沙，爲海所圮。 永樂十九年、嘉靖八年、三十三年三遷，亦俱圮於水。 萬曆十三年遷於平洋沙巡檢司，即今治也。 四面環海。 西有西沙、北有三沙二巡檢司。
Chongming Zhou—east of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it was Chongming Zhou, subordinate to Yangzhou Route. In Hongwu 2 it was reduced to a county. In Hongwu 8 it was placed under Suzhou Prefecture. In the first month of Hongzhi 10 it was transferred here (to Suzhou). The former seat at Dongsha in the northeast of the county was destroyed by the sea. It was moved three times—in Yongle 19, Jiajing 8, and Jiajing 33—and each site was lost to the water. In Wanli 13 it was moved to the Pingyangsha patrol inspectorate, which remains the present seat. It is surrounded by sea on all sides. To the west is the Xisha patrol inspectorate and to the north one at Sansha—two in all.
215
松江府元直隸江浙行省。 太祖吳元年正月因之。 領縣三。 西北距南京七百七十里。 洪武二十六年編戶二十四萬九千九百五十，口一百二十一萬九千九百三十七。 弘治四年，戶二十萬五百二十，口六十二萬七千三百一十三。 萬曆六年，戶二十一萬八千三百五十九，口四十八萬四千四百一十四。
Songjiang Prefecture—under the Yuan it was directly subordinate to the Jiang-Zhe Branch Secretariat. In the first month of the Founder's Wu reign year it was retained as before. It governed three counties. It lay seven hundred seventy li northwest of Nanjing. In Hongwu 26 it had 249,950 registered households and 1,219,937 persons. In Hongzhi 4 it had 200,520 households and 627,313 persons. In Wanli 6 it had 218,359 households and 484,414 persons.
216
華亭倚。 崑山在縣西北。 東南濱海，有鹽場。 又西北有澱山湖，西有泖湖。 東南有黃浦，西北有趙屯、大盈、顧會、松子、磐龍等五浦，俱會吳淞江入海。 東南有金山衛，又東有青村守禦千戶所，俱洪武二十年二月置。 西北有小貞村、西南有泖橋二巡檢司。 南有金山巡檢司，本治張堰，後徙胡家巷。 東南有南橋巡檢司，本戚睦，後徙治更名。 又有陶宅巡檢司，後廢。 又東南有柘林鎮，嘉靖間築城戍守。
Huating (seat-attached county). Kunshan lies northwest of the county seat. On the southeast it faces the sea, with salt fields. Farther northwest is Dianshan Lake and to the west Mao Lake. To the southeast is the Huangpu River; to the northwest are Zhaotun, Daying, Guhui, Songzi, and Panlong Creeks—the five creeks—all joining the Wusong and reaching the sea. To the southeast is Jinshan Guard, and farther east the Qingcun garrison-defense thousand-household post—both established in the second month of Hongwu 20. To the northwest is the Xiaozhencun patrol inspectorate and to the southwest one at Maoqiao—two in all. To the south is the Jinshan patrol inspectorate, originally at Zhangyan and later moved to Hujiaxiang. To the southeast is the Nanqiao patrol inspectorate, originally at Qimu and later relocated and renamed. There was also a patrol inspectorate at Taozhai, later abolished. Farther southeast is Zhalin Town, where a walled garrison was built in the Jiajing period.
217
上海府東北。 東濱海，有鹽場。 北有吳淞江，有巡檢司。 東有黃浦，有巡檢司。 東南有南匯觜守禦中、後千戶所，洪武二十年二月置。 又有三林莊巡檢司。 又有南蹌巡檢司，後廢。 嘉靖三十六年築城曰川沙堡，置兵戍守焉。
Shanghai—northeast of the prefectural seat. On the east it faces the sea, with salt fields. To the north is the Wusong River, with a patrol inspectorate. To the east is the Huangpu River, with a patrol inspectorate. To the southeast are the central and rear garrison-defense thousand-household posts at Nanhui Cape, established in the second month of Hongwu 20. There is also the Sanlinzhuang patrol inspectorate. There was also the Nancang patrol inspectorate, later abolished. In Jiajing 36 a walled fort called Chuansha was built and troops were stationed there.
218
青浦府西北。 嘉靖二十一年四月以今縣東北之新徑巡檢司置，析華亭、上海二縣地益之。 三十二年廢爲青龍鎮，仍置新徑巡檢司。 萬曆元年復於唐行鎮置縣，即今治也。 北有吳淞江。 東有顧會等浦。 西南有澱山湖。 又西有安莊鎮，殿山巡檢司置於此。
Qingpu—northwest of the prefectural seat. In the fourth month of Jiajing 21 it was established at the Xinjin patrol inspectorate in the northeast of the present county, with territory taken from Huating and Shanghai. In Jiajing 32 it was abolished as a county and made Qinglong Town, though the Xinjin patrol inspectorate remained. In Wanli 1 the county was restored at Tangxing Town, which remains the present seat. To the north is the Wusong River. To the east are Guhui and other creeks. To the southwest is Dianshan Lake. Farther west is Anzhuang Town, where the Dianshan patrol inspectorate was placed.
219
常州府元常州路，屬江浙行省。 太祖丁酉年三月丁亥曰長春府，己丑曰常州府。 萬曆末，避諱曰嘗州府。 領縣五。 西北距南京三百六十里。 洪武二十六年編戶一十五萬二千一百六十四，口七十七萬五千五百一十三。 弘治四年，戶五萬一百三十一，口二十二萬八千三百六十三。 萬曆六年，戶二十五萬四千四百六十，口一百萬二千七百七十九。
Changzhou Prefecture—under the Yuan it was Changzhou Route in the Jiang-Zhe Branch Secretariat. In the third month of the Founder's dingyou year, on dinghai day it was named Changchun Prefecture and on jichou day Changzhou Prefecture. At the end of the Wanli reign, taboo avoidance changed the written name to Changzhou Prefecture. It governed five counties. It lay three hundred sixty li northwest of Nanjing. In Hongwu 26 it had 152,164 registered households and 775,513 persons. In Hongzhi 4 it had 50,131 households and 228,363 persons. In Wanli 6 it had 254,460 households and 1,002,779 persons.
220
武進倚。 東爲晉陵縣，元時同治郭內。 太祖丁酉年三月改武進縣曰永定，晉陵縣曰京臨。 尋以京臨省入永定。 壬寅年八月仍改永定曰武進。 東南有馬跡山，濱太湖。 北有大江。 西有孟瀆，又有得勝新河，俱北入江。 南有運河。 西南有氵鬲湖。 與宜興界。 東有陽湖，與無錫界。 西有魏村閘守禦百戶所，洪武三年置。 又有奔牛巡檢司。 西北有小河巡檢司，舊在鄭港，後移小河寨，尋復遷孟河城。 北有澡江巡檢司，舊在江北沙新河，後遷縣北於塘村。
Wujin (seat-attached county). To the east was Jinling County; under the Yuan both counties shared the walled seat. In the third month of the Founder's dingyou year Wujin County was renamed Yongding and Jinling County Jinglin. Soon afterward Jinglin was merged into Yongding. In the eighth month of the renyin year Yongding was again renamed Wujin. To the southeast is Maji Mountain, on the shore of Lake Tai. To the north is the great river. To the west are the Mengdu and Desheng New River, both flowing north into the great river. To the south is the Grand Canal. To the southwest is Ge Lake. It borders Yixing. To the east is Yang Lake, on the boundary with Wuxi. To the west is the Weicun Sluice defense hundred-household office, established in Hongwu 3. There is also the Benniu patrol inspectorate. To the northwest is the Xiaohe patrol inspectorate, formerly at Zhenggang, later moved to Xiaohe stockade, and soon after to Menghe city. To the north is the Zaojiang patrol inspectorate, formerly on the Shaxin River north of the river, later moved to Yutang village north of the county.
221
無錫府東。 元無錫州。 洪武二年四月降爲縣。 西有慧山，樑溪出焉，西南入太湖，其別阜曰錫山。 西南有太湖。 東南有運河。 又西北有高橋、東南有望亭二巡檢司。
Wuxi—east of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it was Wuxi zhou. In the fourth month of Hongwu 2 it was reduced to a county. To the west is Mount Hui, whence the Liang Creek flows southwest into Lake Tai; its detached hill is called Mount Xi. To the southwest is Lake Tai. To the southeast is the Grand Canal. Farther northwest is Gaoqiao and farther southeast Wangting—two patrol inspectorates.
222
宜興府南。 元宜興州。 太祖戊戌年十月曰建寧州，尋復曰宜興州。 洪武二年降爲縣。 西南有荊南山，又有國山，又有龍池山。 又東南有香蘭山，臨太湖。 又有唐貢山，產茶。 西北有掞山，有長蕩湖。 北有運河。 南有荊溪。 西南有百瀆，疏荊溪之下流，注於太湖，後多堙廢。 東北有下邾、北有鍾溪、東南有湖氵父、西南有張渚四巡檢司。
Yixing—south of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it was Yixing zhou. In the tenth month of Taizu's wuxu year it was named Jianning zhou, soon restored to Yixing zhou. In Hongwu 2 it was reduced to a county. To the southwest are Mount Jingshan, Mount Guo, and Mount Longchi. Farther southeast is Mount Xianglan, on the shore of Lake Tai. There is also Mount Tangong, which produces tea. To the northwest is Mount Shan and Changdang Lake. To the north is the Grand Canal. To the south is the Jing Creek. To the southwest is the Baibu channel, which drains the lower Jing Creek into Lake Tai but was later largely silted up and abandoned. To the northeast is Xiazhu, to the north Zhongxi, to the southeast Hubo, and to the southwest Zhangzhu—four patrol inspectorates.
223
靖江府東北。 成化七年閏九月以江陰縣馬馱沙置。 大江舊分二派，繞縣南北。 天啓後，潮沙壅積，縣北大江漸爲平陸。 西南有新港巡檢司。
Jingjiang Prefecture—northeast. In the intercalary ninth month of Chenghua 7 it was established from Mataisha in Jiangyin County. The great river formerly split into two channels that looped around the county to south and north. After the Tianqi reign tidal sand built up and the great river north of the county gradually became dry land. To the southwest is the Xingang patrol inspectorate.
224
鎮江府元鎮江路，屬江浙行省。 太祖丙申年三月曰江淮府，十二月曰鎮江府。 領縣三。 西距南京城二百里。 洪武二十六年編戶八萬七千三百六十四，口五十二萬二千三百八十三。 弘治四年，戶六萬八千三百四十四，口一十七萬一千五百八。 萬曆六年，戶六萬九千三十九，口一十六萬五千五百八十九。
Zhenjiang Prefecture—under the Yuan it was Zhenjiang Route in the Jiang-Zhe Branch Secretariat. In the third month of Taizu's bingchen year it became Jianghuai Prefecture, and in the twelfth month Zhenjiang Prefecture. It governed three counties. It lay two hundred li west of Nanjing. In Hongwu 26 it had 87,364 registered households and 522,383 persons. In Hongzhi 4 it had 68,344 households and 171,508 persons. In Wanli 6 it had 69,039 households and 165,589 persons.
225
丹徒倚。 北有北固山，濱大江。 江中西北有金山，東北有焦山。 又城西江口有蒜山。 又京峴山在東，圌山在北，濱江爲險。 又南有運河。 西有高資鎮、東北有安巷、東有丹徒鎮、北有姜家觜四巡檢司。
Dantu (seat-attached county). To the north is Mount Beigu, on the great river. In the river to the northwest is Mount Jin and to the northeast Mount Jiao. At the river mouth west of the city is also Mount Suan. Mount Jing'e lies to the east and Mount Chu to the north, guarding the river as a natural barrier. Farther south is the Grand Canal. To the west is Gaozi town, to the northeast Anxiang, to the east Dantu town, and to the north Jiangjia Mouth—four patrol inspectorates.
226
丹陽府東南。 北濱大江，又有練湖。 南有運河。 又東有呂城鎮巡檢司，尋移鎮東。 又有包港巡檢司，尋移顧巷。
Danyang—southeast of the prefecture. Its north borders the great river, and there is Lian Lake. To the south is the Grand Canal. Farther east is the Lücheng town patrol inspectorate, soon moved east of the town. There was also a patrol inspectorate at Baogang, soon moved to Guxiang.
227
金壇府東南。 西有茅山。 東南有長蕩湖，一名洮湖，有湖溪巡檢司。 北有白鶴溪。
Jintan—southeast of the prefecture. To the west is Mount Mao. To the southeast is Changdang Lake, also called Lake Tao, with a patrol inspectorate at Huxi. To the north is the Baihe Creek.
228
廬州府元廬州路，屬河南江北行省。 太祖甲辰年七月爲府，置江淮中書行省於此，尋罷。 領州二，縣六。 距南京五百十里。 洪武二十六年編戶四萬八千七百二十，口三十六萬七千二百。 弘治四年，戶三萬六千五百四十八，口四十八萬六千五百四十九。 萬曆六年，戶四萬七千三百七十三，口六十二萬二千六百九十八。
Luzhou Prefecture—under the Yuan it was Luzhou Route in the Henan-Jiangbei Branch Secretariat. In the seventh month of Taizu's jiachen year it became a prefecture and the Jianghuai Branch Secretariat was set up here, but was soon abolished. It governed two zhou and six counties. It lay five hundred ten li from Nanjing. In Hongwu 26 it had 48,720 registered households and 367,200 persons. In Hongzhi 4 it had 36,548 households and 486,549 persons. In Wanli 6 it had 47,373 households and 622,698 persons.
229
合肥倚。 西有雞鳴山，肥水所出，東南流入巢湖。 西南有紫篷山。 東有浮槎山、橫山。 又東南有四頂山，俯瞰巢湖，湖週四百餘里，中有姥山、孤山。 又東北有滁水，源出龍潭，下流至六合縣入江。 又東有店阜河，南有三汊河，皆入巢湖。 東北有樑縣，洪武初省。 西南有廬鎮關巡檢司，後徙於縣東之石樑鎮。
Hefei (seat-attached county). To the west is Mount Jiming, whence the Fei River flows southeast into Chao Lake. To the southwest is Mount Zipeng. To the east are Mount Fucha and Mount Heng. Farther southeast is Mount Siding, overlooking Chao Lake; the lake measures more than four hundred li around and contains Laoshan and Gushan. Farther northeast is the Chu River, rising at Longtan and flowing down to Liuhe County to enter the great river. Farther east are the Dianfu and Sancha rivers, both flowing into Chao Lake. To the northeast was Liang County, abolished at the beginning of Hongwu. To the southwest was the Luzhen Pass patrol inspectorate, later moved to Shiliang town east of the county.
230
舒城府西南。 西南有龍眠山，與桐城縣界。 西有三角山。 又巢湖在東。 又南有北峽關，亦與桐城界。
Shucheng—southwest of the prefecture. To the southwest is Mount Longmian, on the border with Tongcheng County. To the west is Mount Sanjiao. Chao Lake lies to the east. Farther south is Beixia Pass, also on the border with Tongcheng.
231
廬江府南。 元屬無爲州。 洪武初，改屬府。 東北有冶父山。 東有巢湖。 東南有黃陂湖。 西有冷水關，有巡檢司。
Lujiang—south of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it belonged to Wuwei zhou. At the beginning of Hongwu it was transferred to the prefecture. To the northeast is Mount Yefu. To the east is Chao Lake. To the southeast is Huangpi Lake. To the west is Lengshui Pass, with a patrol inspectorate.
232
無爲州洪武中，以州治無爲縣省入。 大江在東南。 東有濡須水，一名天河，自巢湖分流，東北入江。 又東有奧龍河鎮，東南有泥汊河鎮、土橋河鎮，北有黃落河鎮四巡檢司。 西北距府二百八十里。 領縣一：
Wuwei zhou: in the Hongwu period the zhou seat Wuwei County was abolished and merged in. The great river lies to the southeast. To the east is the Ruxu River, also called the Tian River, which branches from Chao Lake and flows northeast into the great river. Farther east is Aolonghe town, to the southeast Nichahe and Tuqiaohe towns, and to the north Huangluohe town—four patrol inspectorates. It lay two hundred eighty li northwest of the prefecture. It governed one county:
233
巢州北。 東南有七寶山，與含山縣濡須山相對峙，有西關在其上。 巢湖在西，西北有柘皋河流入焉。 南有石樑河，即濡須上流也，東南有清溪入焉。 西南有焦湖巡檢司。
Chao zhou—north. To the southeast is Mount Qibao, facing Hanshan County's Mount Ruxu across the water, with West Pass atop it. Chao Lake lies to the west; from the northwest the Zhegao River flows in. To the south is the Shiliang River—the upper Ruxu—and from the southeast the Qing Creek joins it. To the southwest is the Jiaohu patrol inspectorate.
234
六安州洪武四年二月屬中都臨濠府，以州治六安縣省入。 十五年改屬。 西有淠水，亦曰沘水，下流至壽州入淮。 西南有麻埠巡檢司，後廢。 又西北有和尚灘巡檢司，弘治間屬霍山縣，後移於新店，仍來屬。 東距府百八十里。 領縣二：
Lu'an zhou: in the second month of Hongwu 4 it was placed under Zhongdu's Lin'ao Prefecture and its seat Lu'an County was abolished and merged in. In the fifteenth year its jurisdiction was changed. To the west is the Pi River, also called the Bi River, which flows down to Shouzhou to enter the Huai. To the southwest was the Mapu patrol inspectorate, later abolished. Also to the northwest was the Heshangtan patrol inspectorate; in the Hongzhi period it belonged to Huoshan County, was later moved to Xindian, and still reported here. It lies one hundred eighty li east of the prefecture. It governed two counties:
235
英山州西南。 縣治本直河鄉，崇禎十二年徙於西北之章山，十六年又遷於北境之添樓鄉。 多雲山在西北，接湖廣羅田縣界。 西有英山河，湖廣浠水之上源也。
Yingshan—southwest of the zhou. The county seat was originally at Zhihe Township; in Chongzhen 12 it was moved to Zhangshan in the northwest, and in 16 again to Tianlou Township on the northern border. Duoyun Mountain lies to the northwest, on the border with Luotian County in Huguang. To the west is the Yingshan River, the upper source of the Xi River in Huguang.
236
霍山州西南。 本六安州故埠鎮巡檢司，弘治二年改爲縣。 南有霍山，亦曰天柱山，亦曰衡山，又謂之南嶽也。 東南有鐵爐山，多鐵冶。 又西南有四十八盤山，又淠河在東，源出霍山，下流至壽州入淮。 西北有千羅畈、西南有上土市二巡檢司。
Huoshan—southwest of the zhou. It was originally the Gubu Town patrol inspectorate of Lu'an zhou; in Hongzhi 2 it was made a county. To the south is Mount Huo, also called Mount Tianzhu and Mount Heng, and known as the Southern Marchmount. To the southeast is Mount Tielu, with many iron works. Farther southwest is Mount Sishiba Pan; the Pi River lies to the east, rising from Mount Huo and flowing down through Shouzhou to enter the Huai. To the northwest is Qianluofan and to the southwest Shangtushi—two patrol inspectorates.
237
安慶府元安慶路，屬河南江北行省。 太祖辛丑年八月曰寧江府，壬寅年四月曰安慶府。 領縣六。 北距南京六百五十里。 洪武二十六年編戶五萬五千五百七十三，口四十二萬二千八百四。 弘治四年，戶四萬六千五十，口六十一萬六千八十九。 萬曆六年，戶四萬六千六百九，口五十四萬三千四百七十六。
Anqing Prefecture—under the Yuan it was Anqing Route in the Henan-Jiangbei Branch Secretariat. In the eighth month of Taizu's xinchou year it was named Ningjiang Prefecture, and in the fourth month of the renyin year Anqing Prefecture. It governed six counties. It lies six hundred fifty li north of Nanjing. In Hongwu 26 it had 55,573 registered households and 422,804 persons. In Hongzhi 4 it had 46,050 households and 616,089 persons. In Wanli 6 it had 46,609 households and 543,476 persons.
238
懷寧倚。 南濱大江，西有皖水流入焉，曰皖口。 西北有觀音港巡檢司。 東有長風沙鎮巡檢司。
Huaining (seat-attached county). It borders the great river to the south; from the west the Wan River flows in at Wankou. To the northwest is the Guanyin Harbor patrol inspectorate. To the east is the Changfengsha Town patrol inspectorate.
239
桐城府東北。 東有浮山，一名浮度山。 西北有龍眠山。 北有北峽山，與舒城界，有北峽關巡檢司。 又北有西峽山，亦謂之南峽石，對壽州峽石則此爲南也。 東南濱江，有樅陽河，自西北流入焉。 又東有六百丈、東南有馬踏石、源子港三巡檢司。
Tongcheng—northeast of the prefecture. To the east is Mount Fu, also called Mount Fudu. To the northwest is Mount Longmian. To the north is Mount Beixia, on the border with Shucheng, with a patrol inspectorate at Beixia Pass. Farther north is Mount Xixia, also called Southern Gorge Rock; facing Shouzhou's Gorge Rock, this is the southern one. The southeast borders the river; the Zongyang River flows in from the northwest. Also to the east is Liubaizhang, and to the southeast Mataishi and Yuanzigang—three patrol inspectorates.
240
潛山府西北。 元末廢。 洪武初復置。 西北有灊山，亦曰天柱山，亦曰皖公山，即霍山也，皖水出焉，別流曰灊水，合流注大江。 又有天堂山，後部河所出，有天堂寨巡檢司。
Qianshan—northwest of the prefecture. It was abolished at the end of the Yuan. It was restored at the beginning of Hongwu. To the northwest is Mount Qian, also called Mount Tianzhu and Mount Wangong—that is, Mount Huo; the Wan River rises there, a branch called the Qian River joins it and flows into the great river. There is also Mount Tiantang, where the Houbu River rises, with the Tiantangzhai patrol inspectorate.
241
太湖府西北。 西北有司空山。 城西有馬路河，即後部河之下流也，東合於灊水。 又西北有南陽、白沙，東北有小池，北有後部四巡檢司。
Taihu—northwest of the prefecture. To the northwest is Mount Sikong. West of the city is the Malu River, the lower reach of the Houbu River, which joins the Qian River to the east. Also to the northwest are Nanyang and Baisha, to the northeast Xiaochi, and to the north Houbu—four patrol inspectorates.
242
宿松府西南。 東有馬頭山。 又小姑山在縣南大江中，與江西彭澤縣界，有小姑山巡檢司。 又西南有歸林灘、南有涇江口二巡檢司。
Susong—southwest of the prefecture. To the east is Mount Matou. Mount Xiaogu lies in the great river south of the county, on the border with Pengze County in Jiangxi, with the Xiaogu Mountain patrol inspectorate. Also to the southwest is Guilin Beach and to the south Jingjiangkou—two patrol inspectorates.
243
望江府西南。 南濱江。 東有雷池，南入江，曰雷江口，亦曰雷港，有巡檢司。 西有泊湖，北有慈湖，東北有漳湖，下流俱入江。 又西南有楊灣鎮巡檢司。
Wangjiang—southwest of the prefecture. It borders the river to the south. To the east is Lei Pool, which enters the river to the south at Leijiangkou, also called Leigang, with a patrol inspectorate. To the west is Bo Lake, to the north Cihu, and to the northeast Zhanghu—all flow down into the river. Also to the southwest is the Yangwan Town patrol inspectorate.
244
太平府元太平路，屬江浙行省江東道。 太祖乙未年六月爲府。 領縣三。 東距南京百三十五里。 洪武二十六年編戶三萬九千二百九十，口二十五萬九千九百三十七。 弘治四年，戶二萬九千四百六十六，口一十七萬三千六百九十九。 萬曆六年，戶三萬三千二百六十二，口一十七萬六千八十五。
Taiping Prefecture—under the Yuan it was Taiping Route in the Jiang-Zhe Branch Secretariat's Jiangdong circuit. In the sixth month of Taizu's yiwei year it became a prefecture. It governed three counties. It lies one hundred thirty-five li east of Nanjing. In Hongwu 26 it had 39,290 registered households and 259,937 persons. In Hongzhi 4 it had 29,466 households and 173,699 persons. In Wanli 6 it had 33,262 households and 176,085 persons.
245
當塗倚。 城北有采石山，一名牛渚山，臨大江。 西南有博望山，與和州梁山夾江相對，亦曰東梁山。 又丹陽湖在東南，週三百餘里，分流蕪湖，西入江。 南有姑熟溪，又有黃池河，西南有大信河，北有慈湖，皆入大江。 有采石、大信二巡檢司。
Dangtu (seat-attached county). North of the city is Mount Caishi, also called Mount Niuzhu, overlooking the great river. To the southwest is Mount Bowang, facing Mount Liang of Hezhou across the river, also called Eastern Mount Liang. Danyang Lake lies to the southeast, over three hundred li in circumference, branching toward Wuhu and entering the river to the west. To the south are the Gushu Creek, Huangchi River, Daxin River to the southwest, and Cihu to the north—all enter the great river. There are patrol inspectorates at Caishi and Daxin.
246
蕪湖府西南。 西南有戰鳥山，在大江中，西北有七磯。 南有魯明江，一名魯港，又有石洈河，俱注大江。 西有河口鎮巡檢司，後移於魯港鎮。
Wuhu—southwest of the prefecture. To the southwest is Mount Zhanniao in the great river; to the northwest are the Seven Reefs. To the south are the Luming River, also called Lugang, and the Shiyou River—all pour into the great river. To the west was the Hekou Town patrol inspectorate, later moved to Lugang Town.
247
繁昌府西南。 西北有磕山，在江中。 又三山磯在東北，濱江。 又西有荻港，入大江。 有三山、荻港二巡檢司。
Fanchang—southwest of the prefecture. To the northwest is Mount Ke in the river. Sanshanji lies to the northeast on the riverbank. Also to the west is Digang, which enters the great river. There are patrol inspectorates at Sanshan and Digang.
248
池州府元池州路，屬江浙行省江東道。 太祖辛丑年八月曰九華府，尋曰池州府。 領縣六。 東北距南京五百五十里。 洪武二十六年編戶三萬五千八百二十六，口一十九萬八千五百七十四。 弘治四年，戶一萬四千九十一，口六萬九千四百七十入。 萬曆六年，戶一萬八千三百七十七，口八萬四千八百五十一。
Chizhou Prefecture—under the Yuan it was Chizhou Route in the Jiang-Zhe Branch Secretariat's Jiangdong circuit. In the eighth month of Taizu's xinchou year it was named Jiuhua Prefecture, soon renamed Chizhou Prefecture. It governed six counties. It lies five hundred fifty li northeast of Nanjing. In Hongwu 26 it had 35,826 registered households and 198,574 persons. In Hongzhi 4 it had 14,091 households and 69,470 persons. In Wanli 6 it had 18,377 households and 84,851 persons.
249
貴池倚。 南有齊山。 北濱江。 東有梅根港。 西有池口河，即貴池也，又西有李陽河，俱流入大江。 有池口鎮、李陽河二巡檢司。
Guichi (seat-attached county). To the south is Mount Qi. It borders the river to the north. To the east is Meigang Harbor. To the west is the Chikou River—that is, Guichi—and farther west the Liyang River; both flow into the great river. There are patrol inspectorates at Chikou Town and on the Liyang River.
250
青陽府東。 西南有九華山。 北有青山。 西有五溪水，出九華山，又南有臨城河，俱會流大通河入江。
Qingyang—east of the prefecture. To the southwest is Mount Jiuhua. To the north is Mount Qingshan. To the west is the Wuxi River, rising from Mount Jiuhua; to the south is the Lincheng River; both join the Datong River and enter the Yangtze.
251
銅陵府東北。 南有銅官山。 東有城山。 西濱大江。 又南有大通河，北有荻港河，俱入大江，有大通巡檢司。
Tongling—northeast of the prefecture. To the south is Mount Tongguan. To the east is Mount Cheng. It borders the great river to the west. Also to the south is the Datong River and to the north the Digang River—both enter the great river—with the Datong patrol inspectorate.
252
石埭府東南。 北有陵陽山。 西有櫟山，官溪出焉，即池口河之源也。 又舒溪在南，下流合蕪湖縣之魯港入江。
Shiqi—southeast of the prefecture. To the north is Mount Lingyang. To the west is Mount Li; the Guan Creek rises there as the source of the Chikou River. Also to the south is the Shuxi, which downstream joins Lugang in Wuhu County and enters the river.
253
建德府西南。 南有龍口河，東南入饒州府之獨山湖。 又有堯城溪，下流爲東流縣之江口河，入江。 又西南有永豐鎮巡檢司。
Jiande—southwest of the prefecture. To the south is the Longkou River, which flows southeast into Dushan Lake in Raozhou Prefecture. There is also the Yaocheng Stream, whose lower course forms Jiangkou River in Dongliu County and enters the river. Farther southwest is a patrol inspectorate at Yongfeng town.
254
東流府西。 西南有馬當山，枕大江，與江西彭澤縣界。 南有香口河，流入江，有香口鎮巡檢司，後移於吉陽鎮。
Dongliu—west of the prefecture. To the southwest is Mount Madang, abutting the Great River and bordering Poyang County in Jiangxi. To the south is the Xiangkou River, which flows into the river; there was a patrol inspectorate at Xiangkou town, later moved to Jiyang town.
255
寧國府元寧國路，屬江浙行省。 太祖丁酉年四月曰寧國府。 辛丑年四月曰宣城府。 丙午年正月曰宣州府。 吳元年四月仍曰寧國府。 領縣六。 北距南京三百十里。 洪武二十六年編戶九萬九千七百三十二，口五十三萬二千二百五十九。 弘治四年，戶六萬三百六十四，口三十七萬一千五百四十三。 萬曆六年，戶五萬二千一百四十八，口三十八萬七千一十九。
Ningguo Prefecture—under the Yuan it was Ningguo Route, belonging to the Jiang-Zhe Branch Secretariat. In the fourth month of Taizu's dingyou year it was named Ningguo Prefecture. In the fourth month of the xinchou year it was named Xuancheng Prefecture. In the first month of the bingwu year it was named Xuanzhou Prefecture. In the fourth month of Wu yuan it was again named Ningguo Prefecture. It governed six counties. It lay three hundred ten li north of Nanjing. In Hongwu 26 it had 99,732 registered households and 532,259 persons. In Hongzhi 4 it had 60,364 households and 371,543 persons. In Wanli 6 it had 52,148 households and 387,019 persons.
256
宣城倚。 北有敬亭山。 西有清弋江，西北至蕪湖縣入江。 又東有宛溪，與東北之句溪合，北流入大江。 又南湖亦在東北，流注於句溪。 北有黃池鎮、東北有水陽鎮二巡檢司。
Xuancheng (seat-attached county). To the north is Mount Jingting. To the west is the Qingyi River, which flows northwest into the river at Wuhu County. Farther east is the Wanyi Stream, which joins the Gou Stream from the northeast and flows north into the Great River. The South Lake also lies to the northeast and drains into the Gou Stream. To the north is Huangchi town and to the northeast Shuiyang town—two patrol inspectorates.
257
南陵府西。 西有工山。 南有呂山，淮水出焉。 東有青弋江。 又西南有漳水，與淮水合，入於青弋江。 又南有峨嶺巡檢司。
Nanling—west of the prefecture. To the west is Mount Gong. To the south is Mount Lü, where the Huai River rises. To the east is the Qingyi River. Farther southwest is the Zhang River, which joins the Huai and flows into the Qingyi River. Farther south is a patrol inspectorate at Eling.
258
徑府西。 南有承流山。 西有賞溪，亦曰涇溪，其上流即舒溪也。 又東南有藤溪來合焉，下流入青弋江。 東南有茹{艹麻}嶺巡檢司。
Jing—west of the prefecture. To the south is Mount Chengliu. To the west is the Shang Stream, also called the Jing Stream, whose upper course is the Shu Stream. From the southeast the Teng Stream joins it, and the lower course enters the Qingyi River. To the southeast is a patrol inspectorate at Rumaling.
259
寧國府東南。 西有紫山。 西北有文脊山。 東南有千秋嶺，有關。 東有東溪，出浙江於潛縣天目山。 西有西溪，出績溪縣巄叢山，即句溪上源也。 東南有嶽山巡檢司，舊置嶽山下，洪武中遷於紐口，復移於石口鎮。 又西南有胡樂巡檢司。
Ningguo—southeast of the prefecture. To the west is Mount Zi. To the northwest is Mount Wenji. To the southeast is Qianqiu Ridge, with a pass. To the east is the East Stream, rising at Mount Tianmu in Yuqian County, Zhejiang. To the west is the West Stream, rising at Longcong Mountain in Jixi County—the upper source of the Gou Stream. To the southeast is a patrol inspectorate at Mount Yue, first set below Mount Yue; in Hongwu it was moved to Niukou, then again to Shikou town. Farther southwest is a patrol inspectorate at Hule.
260
旌德府南。 北有石壁山。 西有正山。 西南有箬嶺，與太平、歙二縣界。 東有徽水，自績溪縣流入，即藤溪上流也。 東北有烏嶺巡檢司，廢。 又北有三溪巡檢司。
Jingde—south of the prefecture. To the north is Mount Shibi. To the west is Mount Zheng. To the southwest is Ruoling, bordering Taiping and She counties. To the east is the Hui River, flowing in from Jixi County—the upper course of the Teng Stream. To the northeast was a patrol inspectorate at Wuling, later abolished. Farther north is a patrol inspectorate at Sanxi.
261
太平府西南。 南有黃山，與歙縣分界。 西有龍門山，有巡檢司。 南有麻川，與舒溪合流入涇縣，爲賞溪。 西南有宏潭巡檢司，後移於郭巖前。
Taiping—southwest of the prefecture. To the south is Mount Huang, forming the boundary with She County. To the west is Mount Longmen, with a patrol inspectorate. To the south is the Ma River, which joins the Shu Stream and flows into Jing County as the Shang Stream. To the southwest was a patrol inspectorate at Hongtan, later moved to the front of Guoyan.
262
徽州府元徽州路，屬江浙行省。 太祖丁酉年七月曰興安府。 吳元年曰徽州府。 領縣六。 北距南京六百八十里。 洪武二十六年編戶一十二萬五千五百四十八，口五十九萬二千三百六十四。 弘治四年，戶七千二百五十一，口六萬五千八百六十一。 萬曆六年，戶一十一萬八千九百四十三，口五十六萬六千九百四十八。
Huizhou Prefecture—under the Yuan it was Huizhou Route, belonging to the Jiang-Zhe Branch Secretariat. In the seventh month of Taizu's dingyou year it was named Xing'an Prefecture. In Wu yuan it was named Huizhou Prefecture. It governed six counties. It lay six hundred eighty li north of Nanjing. In Hongwu 26 it had 125,548 registered households and 592,364 persons. In Hongzhi 4 it had 7,251 households and 65,861 persons. In Wanli 6 it had 118,943 households and 566,948 persons.
263
歙倚。 西北有黃山，亦曰黟山，新安江出焉，東南流爲歙浦。 又東曰新安江，至浙江建德縣，與東陽江合爲浙江上源。 又楊之水在西，亦曰徽溪，合於歙浦。 東南有街口鎮、王幹寨二巡檢司。 西北有黃山巡檢司。
She (seat-attached county). To the northwest is Mount Huang, also called Mount Yi, where the Xin'an River rises and flows southeast as Shepu. Farther east it is called the Xin'an River; at Jiande County in Zhejiang it joins the Dongyang River to form the upper source of the Zhe River. The Yang River lies to the west, also called the Hui Stream, and joins the Shepu. To the southeast are patrol inspectorates at Jiekou town and Wangganzhai. To the northwest is a patrol inspectorate at Mount Huang.
264
休寧府西。 東北有松蘿山。 西有白嶽山。 東南有率山，率水出焉，新安江別源也。 西南有浙溪，東流與率水合。 又西有吉陽水，亦曰白鶴溪，下流合於浙溪。 西南有黃竹嶺巡檢司，尋廢。 東南有太廈巡檢司，後移於屯溪。
Xiuning—west of the prefecture. To the northeast is Mount Songluo. To the west is Mount Baiyue. To the southeast is Mount Shuai, where the Shuai River rises—a separate source of the Xin'an River. To the southwest is the Zhe Stream, which flows east and joins the Shuai River. Farther west is the Jiyang River, also called the Baihe Stream, whose lower course joins the Zhe Stream. To the southwest was a patrol inspectorate at Huangzhuling, soon abolished. To the southeast was a patrol inspectorate at Taixia, later moved to Tunxi.
265
婺源府西南。 元婺源州。 洪武二年正月降爲縣。 北有浙嶺，浙溪水出焉，一名漸溪，新安江別源也。 西北有大廣山，婺水所出，南流達於鄱陽湖。 又西南有太白、東有大鏞嶺二巡檢司。 又西有項村巡檢司。 舊治澆嶺，後移縣西北之嚴田。 萬曆九年復故。
Wuyuan—southwest of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it was Wuyuan Prefecture. In the first month of Hongwu 2 it was reduced to a county. To the north is Zhe Ridge, where the Zhe Stream rises—also called the Jian Stream, a separate source of the Xin'an River. To the northwest is Mount Daguang, where the Wu River rises and flows south to Poyang Lake. To the southwest is Taibai and to the east Dayong Ridge—two patrol inspectorates. Farther west is a patrol inspectorate at Xiangcun. The former seat was at Yaoling; later the county was moved northwest to Yantian. In Wanli 9 the former seat was restored.
266
祁門府西。 東北有祁山。 西有新安山，又有武陵嶺。 北有大共山，大共水出焉，南流入江西浮樑縣界。 有大共嶺巡檢司。 又西南有良禾嶺巡檢司，後移於苦竹港。
Qimen—west of the prefecture. To the northeast is Mount Qi. To the west is Mount Xin'an, and also Wuling Ridge. To the north is Mount Dagong, where the Dagong River rises and flows south into the border of Fuliang County in Jiangxi. There is a patrol inspectorate at Dagong Ridge. Farther southwest was a patrol inspectorate at Lianghe Ridge, later moved to Kuchu Harbor.
267
黟府西。 西南有林歷山。 又有武亭山，橫江水出焉。 又東北有吉陽山，吉陽水所出。 南有魚亭山，魚亭水出焉。 俱流合橫江。
Yi—west of the prefecture. To the southwest is Mount Linli. There is also Mount Wuting, where the Heng River rises. Farther northeast is Mount Jiyang, where the Jiyang River rises. To the south is Mount Yuting, where the Yuting River rises. All flow together into the Heng River.
268
績溪府東北。 西北有徽嶺山。 東有大鄣山，浙水出焉，亦新安江別源也。 又巄叢山在東北，楊之水出焉，流合大鄣山水。 有叢山關，與寧國縣界。 東有西坑寨巡檢司，尋廢。 西北有濠寨巡檢司。
Jixi—northeast of the prefecture. To the northwest is Mount Huiling. To the east is Mount Dazhang, where the Zhe River rises—also a separate source of the Xin'an River. Longcong Mountain also lies to the northeast, where the Yang River rises and joins the waters of Mount Dazhang. There is Congshan Pass, bordering Ningguo County. To the east was the Xikengzhai patrol inspectorate, later abolished. To the northwest is the Haozhai patrol inspectorate.
269
徐州元屬歸德府。 洪武四年二月屬中都臨濠府。 十四年十一月直隸京師。 東南有云龍山。 天啓四年遷州治於雲龍山。 東北有盤馬山，產鐵。 又有銅山。 東南有呂梁山，泗水所經。 大河自蕭縣流入，經州城北，遂奪泗水之道，東經百步洪、呂梁洪而入邳州界。 有呂梁洪巡檢司。 又睢水在南。 領縣四。 南距南京一千里。 洪武二十六年編戶二萬二千六百八十三，口一十八萬八百二十一。 弘治四年，戶三萬四千八百八十六，口三十五萬四千三百一十一。 萬曆六年，戶三萬七千八百四十一，口三十四萬五千七百六十六。
Xuzhou—under the Yuan it belonged to Guide Prefecture. In the second month of Hongwu 4 it was transferred to the Central Capital's Linhao Prefecture. In the eleventh month of year 14 it was made directly subordinate to the capital. To the southeast is Yunlong Mountain. In Tianqi 4 the prefectural seat was moved to Yunlong Mountain. To the northeast is Panma Mountain, which yields iron. Also there is Tongshan [Copper Mountain]. To the southeast is Mount Liang, through which the Si River passes. The great river enters from Xiao County, passes north of the prefectural city, seizes the Si River's course, and flows east through Baibu Hong and Liang Hong into Pi Prefecture's border. There is the Liang Hong patrol inspectorate. Also the Sui River is to the south. It governed four counties. It lay one thousand li south of Nanjing. In Hongwu 26 it had 22,683 registered households and 180,821 persons. In Hongzhi 4 it had 34,886 households and 354,311 persons. In Wanli 6 it had 37,841 households and 345,766 persons.
270
蕭州西南。 舊治在縣西北，今治，萬曆五年徙。 南有永固山。 北有大河，舊汴河所經道也。 南有睢水。 又西北有趙家圈巡檢司。 嘉靖四十四年，大河決於此。
Xiao Zhou—southwest [of the prefecture]. The old seat was in the northwest of the county; the present seat was moved in Wanli 5. To the south is Yonggu Mountain. To the north is the great river—the old course of the Bian River. To the south is the Sui River. Also to the northwest is the Zhaojiaquan patrol inspectorate. In Jiajing 44 the great river breached here.
271
沛州西北。 元屬濟寧路。 太祖吳元年來屬。 南有大河。 東有泗河，自山東魚臺縣流入境。 又泡河在西，薛河在東，又北有南沙河、北沙河，皆會於泗。 又昭陽湖在縣東。 又東北有夏鎮。
Pei Zhou—northwest [of the prefecture]. Under the Yuan it belonged to Jining Route. In the Founder's Wu year it was transferred here. To the south is the great river. To the east is the Si River, entering the border from Yutai County in Shandong. Also the Pao River is to the west and the Xue River to the east; also to the north are the South Sha and North Sha rivers—all join the Si. Also Zhaoyang Lake lies east of the county. Also to the northeast is Xia Town.
272
豐州西北。 元屬濟寧路。 太祖吳元年來屬。 大河在南。 北有豐水，即泡河也。
Feng Zhou—northwest [of the prefecture]. Under the Yuan it belonged to Jining Route. In the Founder's Wu year it was transferred here. The great river is to the south. To the north is Feng River, which is the Pao River.
273
碭山州西。 元屬濟寧路。 太祖吳元年來屬。 東南有碭山。 其北有芒山。 大河自河南虞城縣流入，舊經縣南，嘉靖三十七年徙在北。 又南有睢水。
Dangshan Zhou—west [of the prefecture]. Under the Yuan it belonged to Jining Route. In the Founder's Wu year it was transferred here. To the southeast is Mount Dang. North of it is Mount Mang. The great river enters from Yucheng County in Henan; it formerly passed south of the county; in Jiajing 37 it shifted to the north. Also the Sui River is to the south.
274
滁州元屬揚州路。 洪武初，以州治清流縣省入。 七年屬鳳陽府。 二十二年二月直隸京師。 南有琅邪山。 西南有清流山，清流關在其南，清流水出焉，合於滁水。 又滁水自全椒縣流入，下流至六合縣入江。 西有大槍嶺巡檢司。 領縣二。 東距南京一百四十五里。 洪武二十六年編戶三千九百四十四，口二萬四千七百九十七。 弘治四年，戶四千八百四十，口四萬九千七百一十二。 萬曆六年，戶六千七百一十七，口六萬七千二百七十七。
Chuzhou—under the Yuan it belonged to Yangzhou Route. At the beginning of Hongwu, Qingliu County, the seat county, was abolished and merged in. In year 7 it belonged to Fengyang Prefecture. In the second month of year 22 it was made directly subordinate to the capital. To the south is Mount Langya. To the southwest is Qingliu Mountain; Qingliu Pass lies south of it; Qingliu water issues hence and joins the Chu River. Also the Chu River enters from Quanjiao County and downstream reaches Liuhe County to enter the Yangtze. To the west is the Daqiangling patrol inspectorate. It governed two counties. It lay one hundred forty-five li east of Nanjing. In Hongwu 26 it had 3,944 registered households and 24,797 persons. In Hongzhi 4 it had 4,840 households and 49,712 persons. In Wanli 6 it had 6,717 households and 67,277 persons.
275
全椒州南。 洪武初省，十三年十一月復置。 東南有九斗山。 西北有桑根山。 又滁水在南，自合肥縣流入，有襄水自北流合焉。
Quanjiao Zhou—south [of the prefecture]. Abolished at the beginning of Hongwu; restored in the eleventh month of year 13. To the southeast is Jiudou Mountain. To the northwest is Sanggen Mountain. Also the Chu River is to the south, entering from Hefei County; the Xiang River flows from the north to join it.
276
來安州北。 洪武初省，十三年十一月復置。 東北有五湖山，下有五湖。 北有石固山。 又來安水在東，東南合清流河。 又東南有湯河，南入滁河。 東北有白塔鎮巡檢司。
Lai'an Zhou—north [of the prefecture]. Abolished at the beginning of Hongwu; restored in the eleventh month of year 13. To the northeast is Wuhu Mountain; below it are the Five Lakes. To the north is Shigu Mountain. Also Lai'an River is to the east; southeast it joins Qingliu River. Also to the southeast is the Tang River, which flows south into the Chu River. To the northeast is the Baita Town patrol inspectorate.
277
和州元治歷陽縣，屬盧州路。 洪武初，省州入縣。 二年九月復改縣爲州，仍屬廬州府。 七年屬鳳陽府，尋直隸京師。 梁山在南，與當塗縣博望山夾江相對，謂之天門山，亦曰西梁山。 又東南有橫江，南對當塗縣之採石磯。 西南有柵江，即濡須水，入江之口也。 南有白石水，又有裕溪河，源出巢湖，皆南流注於江。 西有麻湖，亦曰歷湖，永樂中堙。 東北有烏江縣，洪武初省。 東有浮沙口、南有裕溪鎮二巡檢司。 又南有牛屯河巡檢司，後移於烏江鎮，即故烏江縣也。 領縣一。 東南距南京百三十里。 洪武二十六年編戶九千五百三十一，口六萬六千七百一十一。 弘治四年，戶七千四百五十，口六萬七千一十六。 萬曆六年，戶八千八百，口一十萬四千九百六十。
Hezhou—under the Yuan it administered Liyang County and belonged to Luzhou Route. At the beginning of Hongwu, the zhou was abolished into the county. In the ninth month of year 2 the county was again made a zhou, still belonging to Luzhou Prefecture. In year 7 it belonged to Fengyang Prefecture; soon after it was made directly subordinate to the capital. Mount Liang is to the south; it faces Mount Bowang in Dangtu County across the river—they are called Tianmen Mountains, also called West Mount Liang. Also to the southeast is Hengjiang, facing Caishi Ji in Dangtu County to the south. To the southwest is Zhajiang, which is the Ru-Chi River—the mouth where it enters the Yangtze. To the south is Baishi water; also the Yuxi River, which sources from Chaohu Lake—all flow south into the Yangtze. To the west is Ma Lake, also called Li Lake; it was filled in during Yongle. To the northeast was Wujiang County, abolished at the beginning of Hongwu. To the east is the Fushakou patrol inspectorate; to the south the Yuxi Town patrol inspectorate. Also to the south is the Niutunhe patrol inspectorate; later moved to Wujiang Town—the former Wujiang County. It governed one county. It lay one hundred thirty li southeast of Nanjing. In Hongwu 26 it had 9,531 registered households and 66,711 persons. In Hongzhi 4 it had 7,450 households and 67,016 persons. In Wanli 6 it had 8,800 households and 104,960 persons.
278
含山州西。 洪武初省，十三年十一月復置。 南有白石山，白石水出焉。 西南有濡須山，與無爲州界。 西對巢縣之七寶山，濡須水出其間，即東關口也。 又南有三義河，東合裕溪入江。
Hanshan Zhou—west [of the prefecture]. Abolished at the beginning of Hongwu; restored in the eleventh month of year 13. To the south is Baishi Mountain; Baishi water issues hence. To the southwest is Ru-Chi Mountain, bordering Wuwei Zhou. It faces Mount Qibao in Chao County to the west; Ru-Chi water issues between them—this is Dongguan Pass. Also to the south is the Sanyi River, which flows east to join the Yuxi and enter the Yangtze.
279
廣德州元廣德路，屬江浙行省。 太祖丙申年六月曰廣興府。 洪武四年九月曰廣德州。 十三年四月以州治廣德縣省入，直隸京師。 西有橫山。 南有靈山。 西北有桐川，匯丹陽湖入江，亦名白石水。 南有廣安、西南有陳陽、北有杭村三巡檢司。 又東南有苦嶺關，路通浙江安吉州。 又有四安鎮。 領縣一。 北距南京五百里。 洪武二十六年編戶四萬四千二百六十七，口二十四萬七千九百七十九。 弘治四年，戶四萬五千四十三，口一十二萬七千七百九十五。 萬曆六年，戶四萬五千二百九十六，口二十二萬一千五十三。
Guangde Zhou—under the Yuan it was Guangde Route in the Jiang-Zhe Branch Secretariat. In the sixth month of the Founder's bingchen year it was named Guangxing Prefecture. In the ninth month of Hongwu 4 it was named Guangde Zhou. In the fourth month of year 13 Guangde County, the seat county, was abolished and merged in; it was made directly subordinate to the capital. To the west is Heng Mountain. To the south is Ling Mountain. To the northwest is the Tong River, which gathers Dan-yang Lake waters to enter the Yangtze—also called Baishi water. To the south is Guang'an, to the southwest Chenyang, and to the north Hangcun—three patrol inspectorates. Farther southeast is Kulenguan Pass, with a route through to Anji zhou in Zhejiang. There is also Si'an town. It governed one county: It lay five hundred li north of Nanjing. In Hongwu 26 it had 44,267 registered households and 247,979 persons. In Hongzhi 4 it had 45,043 households and 127,795 persons. In Wanli 6 it had 45,296 households and 221,053 persons.
280
建平州西北。 西南有桐川，又有南碕湖，亦謂之南湖，與宣城縣界，流入丹陽湖。 北有梅渚、南有陳村二巡檢司。
Jianping zhou—northwest of the prefecture. To the southwest is the Tong River, with Nanqi Lake—also called South Lake—on the border with Xuancheng county; both flow into Danyang Lake. To the north is Meizhu and to the south Chencun—two patrol inspectorates.