1
志第十七地理二
Treatise Seventeen: Geography, Part Two.
2
○山東山西
▲ Shandong and Shanxi
3
濟南府元濟南路，屬山東東西道宣慰司。 太祖吳元年爲府。 領州四，縣二十六：
Jinan Prefecture—under the Yuan it was Jinan Route in the Shandong East-West Circuit pacification commission. In the Taizu's Wu year it was made a prefecture. It governed four subordinate zhou and twenty-six counties:
4
歷城倚。 天順元年建德王府。 南有歷山。 東有華不注山。 有大清河在西北，即濟水故道，自壽張縣流經縣界，東北至利津入海。 又小清河，即濟之南源，一名濼水，出城西趵突泉，經城北，下流至樂安縣入海。 又大明湖在城內。 又東北有堰頭鎮巡檢司。
Licheng (seat-attached county). In Tianshun 1 the Jiande princely mansion was established here. To the south is Li Mountain. To the east is Huabuzhu Mountain. To the northwest is the Great Qing River—the former course of the Ji River—which enters the county from Shouzhang, runs northeast, and reaches the sea at Lijin. The Small Qing River, the southern branch of the Ji, also called the Luoyi River, rises at Baotu Spring west of the city, flows past the north wall, and enters the sea at Le'an county. Daming Lake lies within the city walls. To the northeast is the Yantou Town patrol inspectorate.
5
章丘府東。 東有長白山，又有黌山。 南有東陵山，又有長城嶺。 又小清河在北。 又東有淯河，一名繡江，合諸泉西北匯爲白雲湖，下流入小清河。
Zhangqiu county lies east of the prefecture. To the east are Changbai Mountain and Huang Mountain. To the south are Dongling Mountain and the Great Wall Ridge. The Small Qing River lies to the north. To the east is the Yu River, also called the Xiujiang, which gathers springs to the northwest into Baiyun Lake before joining the Small Qing River.
6
鄒平府東北。 西南有長白山，接章丘、長山二縣界。 北有小清河。
Zouping county lies northeast of the prefecture. To the southwest is Changbai Mountain, on the border with Zhangqiu and Changshan counties. To the north is the Small Qing River.
7
淄川府東。 元般陽路治此，屬山東東西道宣慰司。 太祖吳元年改路爲淄川州，縣仍爲附郭。 二年七月，州廢，來屬。 西南有夾谷山。 南有原山，與萊蕪縣界，其山陰淄水出焉。 又西有孝婦河，自益都縣流入，合瀧、萌、般諸水，下流入小清河。
Zichuan county lies east of the prefecture. Under the Yuan the Banyang Route was seated here, in the Shandong East-West Circuit pacification commission. In the Taizu's Wu year the route became Zichuan zhou while the county remained the seat-attached county. In the seventh month of year 2 the zhou was abolished and the county was placed under the prefecture. To the southwest is Jiagu Mountain. To the south is Yuan Mountain, bordering Laiwu county; on its northern slope the Zi River rises. To the west the Xiaofu River enters from Yidu county, joins the Long, Meng, and Ban rivers, and flows into the Small Qing River.
8
長山府東北。 元屬般陽路。 洪武二年七月來屬。 西南有長白山。 西北有小清河。 南有孝婦河。
Changshan county lies northeast of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it belonged to Banyang Route. In the seventh month of Hongwu 2 it was transferred under the prefecture. To the southwest is Changbai Mountain. To the northwest is the Small Qing River. To the south is the Xiaofu River.
9
新城府東北。 元屬般陽路。 洪武二年七月來屬。 七年十二月省入長山、高苑二縣，後復置。 北有小清河。 西北有孝婦河。 東有烏河，其上流即時水，下流至高苑縣入小清河。
Xincheng county lies northeast of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it belonged to Banyang Route. In the seventh month of Hongwu 2 it was transferred under the prefecture. In the twelfth month of year 7 it was abolished and merged into Changshan and Gaoyuan counties, then later restored. To the north is the Small Qing River. To the northwest is the Xiaofu River. To the east is the Wu River, whose upper course is the Shi River; downstream it enters the Small Qing River at Gaoyuan county.
10
齊河府西。 元屬德州。 洪武二年七月改屬府。 有大清河。
Qihe county lies west of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it belonged to Dezhou. In the seventh month of Hongwu 2 it was placed under the prefecture. The Great Qing River runs through the county.
11
濟陽府北。 南有大清河。
Jiyang county lies north of the prefecture. To the south is the Great Qing River.
12
禹城府西北。 元屬曹州。 洪武二十年來屬。 西有漯水枯河，俗名土河。
Yucheng county lies northwest of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it belonged to Caozhou. In Hongwu 20 it was transferred under the prefecture. To the west is the dry bed of the Luo River, commonly called the Tu River.
13
臨邑府北。 元屬河間路。 洪武初來屬。 西北有盤河。
Linyi county lies north of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it belonged to Hejian Route. At the beginning of Hongwu it was transferred under the prefecture. To the northwest is the Pan River.
14
長清府西南。 元屬泰安州。 洪武二年七月改屬府。 東南有青崖山、隔馬山、方山。 西南有大清河。 又有沙河，自縣南流入焉，亦曰沙溝河。 又東南有石都寨巡檢司。
Changqing county lies southwest of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it belonged to Tai'an zhou. In the seventh month of Hongwu 2 it was placed under the prefecture. To the southeast are Qingya, Gema, and Fang mountains. To the southwest is the Great Qing River. The Sha River also enters from the south of the county, also known as the Shagou River. To the southeast is the Shidu Stockade patrol inspectorate.
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肥城府西南。 元屬濟寧路。 洪武二年七月來屬。 西北有巫山，一名孝堂山，肥水出焉，西流入大清河。
Feicheng county lies southwest of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it belonged to Jining Route. In the seventh month of Hongwu 2 it was transferred under the prefecture. To the northwest is Wu Mountain, also called Xiaotang Mountain, where the Fei River rises and flows west into the Great Qing River.
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青城府東北。 元屬河間路。 洪武二年省入鄒平、齊東二縣。 十三年十一月復置，來屬。 北有大清河。 北有大石關，舊置巡檢司，後廢。
Qingcheng county lies northeast of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it belonged to Hejian Route. In Hongwu 2 it was abolished and merged into Zouping and Qidong counties. In the eleventh month of year 13 it was restored and placed under the prefecture. To the north is the Great Qing River. To the north is Great Stone Pass, where a patrol inspectorate was once established but later abolished.
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泰安州元直隸中書省。 洪武初來屬，以州治奉符縣省入。 北有泰山，即岱宗也，亦曰東嶽，汶水出焉，下流至汶上縣合大清河。 又東南有徂徠山。 南有樑父山。 又城西有泰安巡檢司。 北距府百八十里。 領縣二：
Tai'an zhou—under the Yuan it was directly subordinate to the Central Secretariat. At the beginning of Hongwu it was transferred here; Fengfu, the seat county, was abolished and merged into the zhou. To the north is Mount Tai—the Dai Zong, or Eastern Peak—where the Wen River rises and flows down to join the Great Qing River at Wenshang county. To the southeast is Culai Mountain. To the south is Liangfu Mountain. West of the city is the Tai'an patrol inspectorate. It lies one hundred eighty li north of the prefectural seat. Two counties:
18
新泰州東南。 西北有宮山，本名新甫。 西南有龜山。 東北有小汶河，西流合汶水。 又西有上四莊巡檢司。
Xintai—southeast of Tai'an zhou. To the northwest is Gong Mountain, originally called Xinfu. To the southwest is Gui Mountain. To the northeast the Small Wen River flows west to join the Wen River. To the west is the Shangsi Zhuang patrol inspectorate.
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萊蕪州東。 洪武初，改屬濟南府。 二年仍來屬。 東北有原山，其山陽汶水別源出焉。 又西南有冠山。 西北有韶山。 諸山多產銅鐵錫。
Laiwu zhou lies to the east. At the beginning of Hongwu it was placed under Jinan Prefecture. In year 2 it was again placed under Tai'an zhou. To the northeast is Yuan Mountain, on whose southern slope a separate branch of the Wen River rises. To the southwest is Guan Mountain. To the northwest is Shao Mountain. Its mountains yield copper, iron, and tin in abundance.
20
德平州東。 東北有般河，亦曰盤河，或以爲古鉤盤也。
Deping zhou lies to the east. To the northeast is the Ban River, also called the Pan River, thought by some to be the ancient Goupan.
21
平原州東南。
Pingyuan zhou lies to the southeast.
22
武定州元棣州，治厭次縣，屬濟南路。 洪武初，州縣俱廢。 六年六月復置州，改名樂安。 宣德元年八月改爲武定州。 永樂十五年，漢王府遷於此。 宣德元年除。 南有大清河，又有土河，又有商河。 東南有清河巡檢司。 西南距府二百四十里。 領縣四：
Wuding zhou—under the Yuan it was Di zhou, seated at Yanci county, in Jinan Route. At the beginning of Hongwu the zhou and its counties were abolished. In the sixth month of year 6 the zhou was restored and renamed Le'an. In the eighth month of Xuande 1 it was renamed Wuding zhou. In Yongle 15 the Han princely mansion was moved here. In Xuande 1 it was abolished. To the south are the Daqing, Tu, and Shang rivers. To the southeast is the Qinghe patrol inspectorate. It lies two hundred forty li southwest of the prefectural seat. It governed four counties:
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陽信州北。 元屬棣州。 東有商河。
Yangxin, to the north. Under the Yuan it belonged to Di department. To the east is the Shang River.
24
海豐州東北。 洪武六年六月析樂安州南地置，屬濱州，後來屬。 東北濱海。 又北有鬲津河，又有無棣縣，元屬棣州，洪武初省。 東北有大沽河口巡檢司。
Haifeng, to the northeast. In the sixth month of Hongwu 6 land south of Le'an department was carved out to establish it; it belonged to Bin department and later came under this jurisdiction. To the northeast it borders the sea. To the north are the Gejin River and the former Wudi county, which under the Yuan had belonged to Di department and was abolished in early Hongwu. To the northeast is the Dagukou estuary patrol inspectorate.
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樂陵州西北。 舊治在縣之咸平鎮，屬滄州，洪武元年改屬濟寧府，二年移治富平鎮，七月來屬。 南有般河及鬲津河，又有土河。 西南又有商河。 西北有舊縣鎮巡檢司。
Leling, to the northwest. Its former seat was at Xianping town in the county and it belonged to Cang prefecture. In Hongwu 1 it was reassigned to Jining prefecture, in year 2 the seat moved to Fuping town, and in the seventh month it came under this jurisdiction. To the south are the Pan and Gejin rivers, and also the Tu River. To the southwest is also the Shang River. To the northwest is the Jiuxian town patrol inspectorate.
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商河州西南。 南有商河。
Shanghe, to the southwest. To the south is the Shang River.
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濱州洪武初，以州治渤海縣省入。 東北濱海，產鹽。 南有大清河。 北有士傷河，即鬲津別名也。 西南距府三百五十里。 領縣三：
Binzhou Department: in early Hongwu the seat-administered Bohai county was abolished and merged in. To the northeast it borders the sea and produces salt. To the south is the Daqing River. To the north is the Shishang River, another name for the Gejin. It lies three hundred fifty li southwest of the prefectural seat. It governed three counties:
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利津州東。 東北濱海，有永阜等鹽場。 東有大清河，流入海。 又東北有豐國鎮巡檢司。
Lijin, to the east. To the northeast it borders the sea, with salt works at Yongfu and elsewhere. To the east the Daqing River flows into the sea. Farther northeast is the Fengguo town patrol inspectorate.
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沾化州西北。 東北濱海，有富國等鹽場。 又有久山鎮巡檢司。
Zhanhua, to the northwest. To the northeast it borders the sea, with salt works at Fuguo and elsewhere. It also has the Jiushan town patrol inspectorate.
30
蒲台州南。 元屬般陽路。 洪武二年七月來屬。 東濱海。 北有大清河。
Putai, to the south. Under the Yuan it belonged to Panyang circuit. In the seventh month of Hongwu 2 it came under this jurisdiction. To the east it borders the sea. To the north is the Daqing River.
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兗州府元兗州，屬濟寧路。 洪武十八年升爲兗州府。 領州四，縣二十三。 東北距布政司三百五十里。
Yanzhou Prefecture: under the Yuan it was Yan department, subordinate to Jining circuit. In Hongwu 18 it was elevated to Yanzhou prefecture. It governed four departments and twenty-three counties. It lay three hundred fifty li northeast of the provincial administration commission.
32
滋陽倚。 洪武三年四月建魯王府。 元曰嵫陽。 洪武初，省入州。 十八年復置。 成化間，改爲滋陽。 泗水在東，又有沂水，自曲阜縣西流來合焉。
Ziyang, the seat-attached county. In the fourth month of Hongwu 3 the mansion of the Prince of Lu was built there. Under the Yuan it was called Ziyang. In early Hongwu it was abolished and merged into the department. In year 18 it was restored. During the Chenghua reign it was renamed Ziyang. The Si River lies to the east, and the Yi River flows in from the west of Qufu county to join it.
33
曲阜府東。 東南有尼山，沂水所出。 又東有防山。 北有泗水。 又有洙水，西南流入於沂水。 又北有孔林。
Qufu, to the east of the prefecture. To the southeast is Ni Mountain, where the Yi River rises. Farther east is Fang Mountain. To the north is the Si River. The Zhu River also flows in from the southwest to join the Yi. To the north is also the Kong Forest.
34
寧陽府北。 西北有汶水，支流爲洸水。 洸水者，洙水也，洸、洙相入受，通稱也，俱西南入運河。 又東北有堽城堰，即汶、洸分流處也。
Ningyang, to the north of the prefecture. To the northwest is the Wen River, whose branch is the Guang. The Guang is the Zhu; where they meet the streams share a common name, and both flow southwest into the Grand Canal. To the northeast is the Gangcheng weir, where the Wen and Guang divide.
35
鄒府東南。 元屬滕州。 洪武二年七月改屬。 東南有嶧山，亦曰邾嶧，又曰鄒嶧。 東北有昌平山。 西南有鳧山。 又有泗河。
Zou, to the southeast of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it belonged to Teng department. In the seventh month of Hongwu 2 its affiliation was changed. To the southeast is Yi Mountain, also called Zhu Yi and Zou Yi. To the northeast is Changping Mountain. To the southwest is Fu Mountain. It also has the Si River.
36
泗水府東。 東有陪尾山，泗水出焉，經縣北，下流至南直清河縣入淮。
Sishui, to the east of the prefecture. To the east is Peiwei Mountain, where the Si River rises; it passes north of the county and downstream enters the Huai at Qinghe county in Nan Zhili.
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滕府東南。 元滕州，治滕縣，屬益都路。 洪武二年七月，州廢，縣屬濟寧府。 十八年來屬。 東南有桃山。 東北有連青山。 又西南有新運河，北自南陽，南至境山，長一百九十四里，嘉靖四十四年所開，又薛水，源自縣東高、薛二山間，西南流，合漷水，一名南沙河，至沛縣入運。 又有北沙河在縣北，西流經魚臺入招湖。 又南有沙溝集巡檢司。
Teng, to the southeast of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it was Teng department, seated at Teng county and subordinate to Yidu circuit. In the seventh month of Hongwu 2 the department was abolished and the county was placed under Jining prefecture. In year 18 it came under this jurisdiction. To the southeast is Tao Mountain. To the northeast is Lianqing Mountain. To the southwest is also the new transport canal, opened in Jiajing 44, running one hundred ninety-four li from Nanyang in the north to Jingshan in the south. The Xue River rises between Gao and Xue mountains east of the county, flows southwest to join the Huo—also called the South Sha River—and at Pei county enters the transport route. North of the county the North Sha River also flows west through Yutai into Zhaohu. To the south is also the Shagouji patrol inspectorate.
38
嶧府東南。 元嶧州，屬益都路。 洪武二年降爲縣，屬濟寧府，後來屬。 東南有柱子山，舊名葛嶧山，水流其下。 又北有君山，一名抱犢山，西泇水所出，東南流至三合村，有東泇河自沂水來會焉。 又南合武河、彭、諸水注於泗，謂之泇口。 萬曆中，改爲運道，自夏鎮至直河口，凡二百六十餘里，避黃河之險者三百三十里。 又西北有鄒塢鎮巡檢司，嘉靖中，移於縣西拖梨溝。 又東南有臺莊巡檢司，萬曆三十四年置。
Yi, to the southeast of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it was Yi department, subordinate to Yidu circuit. In Hongwu 2 it was reduced to a county under Jining prefecture and later came under this jurisdiction. To the southeast is Zhuzi Mountain—the former Ge Yi Mountain—with a stream flowing below it. To the north is also Jun Mountain, also called Baodu Mountain, where the West Jia River rises and flows southeast to Sanhe village; there the East Jia River from the Yi joins it. Farther south the Wu, Peng, and other streams unite with the Si at what is called the Jia mouth. During the Wanli reign it was made the transport route from Xia town to Zhihekou—more than two hundred sixty li in all, avoiding three hundred thirty li of Yellow River hazard. To the northwest was the Zouwu town patrol inspectorate, moved in the Jiajing reign to Tuoli ditch west of the county. To the southeast is also the Taizhuang patrol inspectorate, established in Wanli 34.
39
金鄉府西南。 元屬濟寧路。 洪武十八年來屬。 金莎嶺在東。 大河在西南。
Jinxiang, to the southwest of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it belonged to Jining circuit. In Hongwu 18 it came under this jurisdiction. To the east is Jinsha Ridge. To the southwest is the Great River.
40
魚臺府西南。 元屬濟州。 洪武元年屬徐州。 二年七月屬濟寧府。 十八年來屬。 泗河在東，即運道也。 北有菏水，一名五丈溝，東入泗。 又東有谷亭鎮，嘉靖九年，黃河決於此。 又南有塌場口，洪武、永樂間，爲運道所經。
Yutai, to the southwest of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it belonged to Ji department. In Hongwu 1 it belonged to Xu department. In the seventh month of year 2 it was placed under Jining prefecture. In year 18 it came under this jurisdiction. To the east is the Si River—the transport route itself. To the north is the He River, also called the Wuzhang Ditch, which flows east into the Si. To the east is also Guting town, where the Yellow River burst its banks in Jiajing 9. To the south is also Tachang Ford, which during the Hongwu and Yongle reigns lay on the transport route.
41
單府西南。 元單州，屬濟寧路。 洪武元年省州治單父縣入州。 二年七月乃降州爲縣，屬濟寧府。 十八年來屬。 舊城在南，正德十四年五月因河決改遷。 南濱大河。
Shan County lies southwest of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it was Shan Zhou, subordinate to Jining Route. In Hongwu 1 the prefectural seat, Shanfu County, was abolished and merged into the zhou. In the seventh month of year 2 it was reduced from a zhou to a county under Jining Prefecture. In year 18 it was transferred here. The old city stood to the south; in the fifth month of Zhengde 14 it was relocated after a river breach. To the south it borders the great river.
42
城武府西南。 元屬曹州。 洪武四年屬濟寧府。 十八年來屬。 縣城，正德十四年五月因河決改遷。 南有故黃河，即洪武間之運道也，弘治後堙。
Chengwu County lies southwest of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it belonged to Caozhou. In Hongwu 4 it was placed under Jining Prefecture. In year 18 it was transferred here. The county seat was moved in the fifth month of Zhengde 14 after a river breach. To the south lies the former Yellow River—the Hongwu-era transport channel—which silted up after Hongzhi.
43
嘉祥州東。 元屬單州。 洪武二年來屬。 南有塔山。 東有會通河。 北有故黃河，一名塔章河，即塌場口之上流也。
Jiaxiang County lies east of the zhou. Under the Yuan it belonged to Shan Zhou. In Hongwu 2 it was transferred here. To the south is Mount Ta. To the east is the Huitong Canal. To the north is the former Yellow River, also called the Ta Zhang River—the upper stream of Tacangkou.
44
鉅野州西北。 元爲濟寧路治，至正八年徙路治任城縣，以縣屬焉。 南有高平山。 東有鉅野澤，元末爲黃河所決，遂涸。 東南有會通河。 西南有故黃河，弘治後堙。 西有安興集巡檢司。
Juye County lies northwest of the zhou. Under the Yuan it was the seat of Jining Route; in Zhizheng 8 the route seat moved to Rencheng County and this county was placed under it. To the south is Mount Gaoping. To the east is Juye Marsh, which the Yellow River breached at the end of the Yuan and left dry. To the southeast is the Huitong Canal. To the southwest is the former Yellow River, silted up after Hongzhi. To the west is the Anxingji patrol inspectorate.
45
鄆城州西北。 西有灉水，又有故黃河，又有故濟水在西南。
Yuncheng County lies northwest of the zhou. To the west is the Yong River, with the former Yellow River and the former Ji River farther southwest.
46
東平州元東平路，直隸中書省。 太祖吳元年爲府。 七年十一月降爲州，屬濟寧府，以州治須城縣省入。 十八年改屬。 北有瓠山。 東北有危山。 西南有安山，亦曰安民山。 下有積水湖，一名安山湖。 山南有安山鎮，會通河所經也。 汶水在南，西流入安山湖。 又西北有金線閘巡檢司。 東南距府百五十里。 領縣五：
Dongping Zhou—under the Yuan it was Dongping Route, reporting directly to the Central Secretariat. In the Founder's Wu year it was made a prefecture. In the eleventh month of year 7 it was reduced to a zhou under Jining Prefecture and its seat, Xucheng County, was abolished and merged in. In year 18 its jurisdiction was reassigned. To the north is Mount Hu. To the northeast is Mount Wei. To the southwest is Mount An, also called Mount Anmin. Below lies Jishui Lake, also called Anshan Lake. South of the mountain is Anshan town, on the course of the Huitong Canal. The Wen River lies to the south and flows west into Anshan Lake. Also to the northwest is the Jinxiangu patrol inspectorate. One hundred fifty li southeast of the prefecture. It administers five counties:
47
汶上州東南。 西南有蜀山，其下爲蜀山湖。 又西爲南旺湖，其西北則馬踏河，運道經其中而北出，即會通河也。 又汶水在東北，舊時西流入大清河。 永樂中，開會通河，堰汶水西南流，悉入南旺湖。
Wenshang County lies southeast of the zhou. To the southwest is Mount Shu, with Shushan Lake at its foot. Farther west is Nanwang Lake; to its northwest the Mata River carries the transport route northward—the Huitong Canal. The Wen River also lies to the northeast; formerly it flowed west into the Da Qing River. During Yongle the Huitong Canal was opened and the Wen River was dammed to run southwest, entirely into Nanwang Lake.
48
東阿州西北。 故城在縣西南。 今治本故谷城縣也，洪武八年徙於此。 南有碻磝山。 西有魚山。 會通河自西南而北經此，始與大清河分流。 又西有馬頰河，俗名小鹽河，東流入大清河。 又張秋鎮在西南，弘治二年，河決於此。 七年十二月塞，賜名安平鎮。
Dong'e County lies northwest of the zhou. The old city stood in the southwest of the county. The present seat was formerly Gucheng County; in Hongwu 8 it was moved here. To the south is Que'ao Mountain. To the west is Mount Yu. The Huitong Canal runs from the southwest northward through here, where it first splits from the Da Qing River. Also to the west is the Majia River—popularly the Little Salt River—which flows east into the Da Qing River. Zhangqiu town lies to the southwest; in Hongzhi 2 the river breached there. In the twelfth month of year 7 the breach was closed and the place was named Anping town.
49
平陰州東北。 南有汶河。 西南有大清河，又有滑口鎮巡檢司，後廢。
Pingyin County lies northeast of the zhou. To the south is the Wen River. To the southwest is the Da Qing River, with the Huakou town patrol inspectorate, later abolished.
50
陽谷州西北。 東有會通河。 又東有阿膠井。
Yanggu County lies northwest of the zhou. To the east is the Huitong Canal. Also to the east is the Ejiao well.
51
壽張州西。 洪武三年省入須城、陽谷二縣。 十三年十一月復置，屬濟寧府，後來屬。 東南有故城，元時縣治在焉。 今治本王陵店，洪武十三年徙置。 南有梁山氵樂，即故大野澤下流。 東北有會通河，又有沙灣，弘治前黃河經此，後堙。 西南有梁山集巡檢司。
Shouzhang County lies west of the zhou. In Hongwu 3 it was abolished and merged into Xucheng and Yanggu counties. In the eleventh month of year 13 it was re-established under Jining Prefecture and later transferred here. To the southeast is an old city that served as the Yuan county seat. The present seat is at Wanglingdian, to which it was moved in Hongwu 13. To the south is Liangshan Marsh, the lower course of the former Daye Marsh. To the northeast is the Huitong Canal and Shawan, where the Yellow River ran before Hongzhi and later silted up. To the southwest is the Liangshanji patrol inspectorate.
52
曹州正統十年十二月以曹縣之黃河北舊土城置。 東有舊黃河，洪武初，引河入泗以通運處也。 永樂中，亦嘗條浚。 南有灉河。 東南有菏澤，流爲菏水。 東北距府三百里。 領縣二：
Caozhou was established in the twelfth month of Zhengtong 10 from the old earthen city north of the Yellow River in Caoxian. To the east is the old Yellow River, which in early Hongwu was diverted into the Si to serve the transport route. During Yongle it was also dredged in sections. To the south is the Yong River. To the southeast is He Marsh, draining as the He River. Three hundred li northeast of the prefecture. It administers two counties:
53
沂州元屬益都路，後省州治臨沂縣入州。 洪武元年屬濟寧府。 五年屬濟南府。 七年十二月屬青州府。 十八年來屬。 弘治四年八月建涇王府，嘉靖十六年除。 西有艾山。 東有沂水，源自青州沂水縣，南流至州境，與枋水合，下流入泗。 又有沭水，流經南直安東縣爲漣水，入淮。 又西南有泇水，亦曰東泇水，下流合嶧縣之西泇水入運。 西南有羅藤鎮巡檢司。 西距府五百六十里。 領縣二：
Yizhou—under the Yuan it belonged to Yidu Route; later its seat, Linyi County, was abolished and merged into the zhou. In Hongwu 1 it was placed under Jining Prefecture. In year 5 it was placed under Jinan Prefecture. In the twelfth month of year 7 it was placed under Qingzhou Prefecture. In year 18 it was transferred here. In the eighth month of Hongzhi 4 the Jing princely establishment was founded; it was abolished in Jiajing 16. To the west is Mount Ai. To the east is the Yi River, which rises in Yishui County of Qingzhou, flows south to the zhou border, joins the Feng River, and enters the Si downstream. Also the Shu River passes through Andong County in Nan Zhili as the Lian River and enters the Huai. Also to the southwest is the Jia River, also called the East Jia River, whose lower reach joins Yi County's West Jia River to enter the transport canal. To the southwest is the Luoteng town patrol inspectorate. Five hundred sixty li west of the prefecture. It administers two counties:
54
郯城州東南。 洪武初置。 東有馬陵山，又有羽山，與南直贛榆縣界。 又沭水在東。 沂水在西。 西有磨山鎮巡檢司，後廢。
Tancheng County lies southeast of the zhou. It was established at the beginning of Hongwu. To the east are Mount Maling and Mount Yu, on the border with Ganyu County in Nan Zhili. The Shu River also lies to the east. The Yi River lies to the west. To the west was the Moshan town patrol inspectorate, later abolished.
55
費州西北。 西北有蒙山。 西南有大沫涸，又有祊水，東北有蒙陽水，下流俱入於沂河。 西南有關陽鎮、西北有毛陽鎮二巡檢司。
Fei County lies northwest of the zhou. To the northwest is Mount Meng. To the southwest is Damo Lake, with the Beng River; to the northeast is the Mengyang River—all drain into the Yi River. To the southwest is Guanyang town and to the northwest Maoyang town—two patrol inspectorates.
56
東昌府元東昌路，直隸中書省。 洪武初爲府。 領州三，縣十五。 東距布政司二百九十里。
Dongchang Prefecture—under the Yuan it was Dongchang Route, reporting directly to the Central Secretariat. In early Hongwu it was made a prefecture. It governed three subordinate zhou and fifteen counties. It lay two hundred ninety li east of the provincial administration commission.
57
聊城倚。 城東有會通河。 西南有武水枯河，即漯河也，爲會通河所截，中堙。
Liaocheng (seat-attached county). To the east of the city is the Huitong Canal. To the southwest is the dry Wushui River—the Luo River—which the Huitong Canal cut off and silted up mid-course.
58
堂邑府西。 東北有會通河。 西有舊黃河。
Tangyi County lies west of the prefecture. To the northeast is the Huitong Canal. To the west is the old Yellow River.
59
博平府東北。 洪武三年三月省，尋復置。 西南有會通河。 東北有故黃河。
Boping County lies northeast of the prefecture. In the third month of Hongwu 3 it was abolished, then soon re-established. To the southwest is the Huitong Canal. To the northeast is the former Yellow River.
60
茌平府東北。 西有故黃河。 又西北有故馬頰河。
Chiping County lies northeast of the prefecture. To the west is the former Yellow River. Farther northwest is the former Ma'jia River.
61
莘府西南。 北有弇山，舊有泉涌出，曰弇山泉。
Shen County lies southwest of the prefecture. To the north is Mount Yan, where a spring once gushed forth, called the Yan Spring.
62
清平府北。 元屬德州。 洪武元年屬恩州。 二年七月屬高唐州。 三年三月省，尋復置，改屬。 西有會通河。 西南有魏家灣巡檢司。
Qingping County lies north of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it belonged to Dezhou. In Hongwu 1 it was placed under En Zhou. In the seventh month of year 2 it was placed under Gaotang Zhou. In the third month of year 3 it was abolished, soon re-established, and its subordination was changed. To the west is the Huitong Canal. To the southwest is the Weijiawan patrol inspectorate.
63
冠府西南。 元冠州，直隸中書省。 洪武三年降爲縣，來屬。 西北有衛河。 又東有賈鎮堡，東北有清水鎮堡，俱嘉靖二十二年築。
Guan County lies southwest of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it was Guan Zhou, reporting directly to the Central Secretariat. In Hongwu 3 it was reduced to a county and placed under the prefecture. To the northwest is the Wei River. Farther east is Jiazhen fort and to the northeast Qingshuizhen fort—both built in Jiajing 22.
64
丘州西。 元直隸東昌路。 弘治二年改屬州。 東南有衛河，又有漳河。
Qiu County lies west of the zhou. Under the Yuan it reported directly to Dongchang Route. In Hongzhi 2 it was transferred to the zhou. To the southeast is the Wei River, and also the Zhang River.
65
館陶州西南。 元屬濮州。 洪武二年七月屬東昌府，三年三月省，尋復置，仍屬東昌府。 弘治二年改屬州。 西有衛河，自元城縣流入。 又西南有漳河。 又西南有南館陶鎮巡檢司。
Guantao County lies southwest of the zhou. Under the Yuan it belonged to Puzhou. In the seventh month of Hongwu 2 it was placed under Dongchang Prefecture; in the third month of Hongwu 3 it was abolished, soon re-established, and remained under Dongchang Prefecture. In Hongzhi 2 it was transferred to the zhou. To the west is the Wei River, which enters from Yuancheng County. Farther southwest is the Zhang River. Farther southwest is the Nanguantao town patrol inspectorate.
66
高唐州元直隸中書省。 洪武初，以州治高唐縣省入，來屬。 西有漯河，溢涸無常。 又有馬頰河，一名舊黃河。 西南距府百二十里。 領縣三：
Gaotang Zhou—under the Yuan it reported directly to the Central Secretariat. In early Hongwu, Gaotang, the seat county, was abolished and merged into the zhou, which was then placed under the prefecture. To the west is the Luo River, which floods and dries without constancy. There is also the Ma'jia River, also called the old Yellow River. It lies one hundred twenty li southwest of the prefectural seat. Three counties:
67
恩州北。 元恩州，直隸中書省。 洪武二年降爲縣，來屬。 西有故城。 今治本許官店，洪武七年七月徙於此。 西北有衛河。 東南有馬頰枯河。 又高雞泊亦在縣西北。
En County lies north of the zhou. Under the Yuan it was En Zhou, reporting directly to the Central Secretariat. In Hongwu 2 it was reduced to a county and placed under the zhou. To the west is the old city. The present seat is at Xu'guandian, to which it was moved in the seventh month of Hongwu 7. To the northwest is the Wei River. To the southeast is the dry Ma'jia River. Gaoji Marsh also lies in the northwest of the county.
68
夏津州西。 洪武三年三月省，尋復置。 西南有衛河。 又東有馬頰故河。 又西有裴家圈巡檢司。
Xiajin County lies west of the zhou. In the third month of Hongwu 3 it was abolished, then soon re-established. To the southwest is the Wei River. Farther east is the former Ma'jia River. Farther west is the Peijiaquan patrol inspectorate.
69
武城州西北。 西有衛河。 東南有沙河。 東北有甲馬營巡檢司。
Wucheng County lies northwest of the zhou. To the west is the Wei River. To the southeast is the Sha River. To the northeast is the Jiamaying patrol inspectorate.
70
濮州元直隸中書省。 洪武二年以州治鄄城縣省入，來屬。 故城在東，景泰三年以河患遷於王村，即今治也。 東南有故黃河，永樂中，河流由此入會通河，後堙。 又西南有濮水，一名洪河。 東北距府二百里。 領縣三：
Puzhou—under the Yuan it reported directly to the Central Secretariat. In Hongwu 2, Juancheng, the seat county, was abolished and merged into the zhou, which was then placed under the prefecture. The old city stood to the east; in Jingtai 3 it was moved to Wangcun because of river damage, where the seat remains. To the southeast is the former Yellow River; in the Yongle era the river entered the Huitong Canal here, but later silted up. Farther southwest is the Pu River, also called the Hong River. It lies two hundred li northeast of the prefectural seat. Three counties:
71
範州東北。 洪武三年三月省，尋復置。 東南有故城，洪武二十五年圮於河，始遷今治。 又東南有水保寨巡檢司。
Fan County lies northeast of the zhou. In the third month of Hongwu 3 it was abolished, then soon re-established. To the southeast is the old city; in Hongwu 25 it was ruined by the river and the seat was moved to the present site. Farther southeast is the Shuibao stockade patrol inspectorate.
72
觀城州西北。 洪武三年三月省，尋復置。 又東有馬頰河，有黑羊山水自西北流入焉。
Guancheng County lies northwest of the zhou. In the third month of Hongwu 3 it was abolished, then soon re-established. Farther east is the Ma'jia River, into which Black Goat Mountain stream enters from the northwest.
73
朝城州北。 洪武三年三月省，尋復置。 西南有故漯河。
Chaocheng County lies north of the zhou. In the third month of Hongwu 3 it was abolished, then soon re-established. To the southwest is the former Luo River.
74
青州府元益都路，屬山東東西道宣慰司。 太祖吳元年爲青州府。 領州一，縣十三。 西距布政司三百二十里。
Qingzhou Prefecture—under the Yuan it was Yidu Route in the Shandong East-West Circuit pacification commission. In the Taizu's Wu year it was made Qingzhou Prefecture. It governed one subordinate zhou and thirteen counties. It lay three hundred twenty li west of the provincial administration commission.
75
益都倚。 洪武三年四月建齊王府，永樂四年廢。 十三年建漢王府，十五年遷於樂安。 成化二十三年建衡王府。 南有云門山，與劈山連。 西北有堯山。 又西有九回山，北陽水出焉，亦曰澠水，經治嶺山麓，曰五龍口，下流經樂安縣，入巨澱。 又有南陽水，源出縣西南石膏山，流經城北，又東北合北陽水。 又西有淄水，下流至壽光入海。 又西南有顏神鎮，孝婦河出焉，入淄川縣界。 有顏神鎮巡檢司，嘉靖三十七年築城。 鎮西南有青石關。
Yidu (seat-attached county). In the fourth month of Hongwu 3 the Qi princely mansion was established here; it was abolished in Yongle 4. In year 13 the Han princely mansion was established; in year 15 it was moved to Le'an. In Chenghua 23 the Heng princely mansion was established. To the south is Mount Yunmen, linked with Mount Pi. To the northwest is Mount Yao. Farther west is Mount Jiuhui, whence the Beiyang River issues—also called the Sheng River—which passes the foot of Mount Zhiling at Wulongkou, runs through Le'an County, and enters Jubo. There is also the Nanyang River, rising on Gypsum Mountain southwest of the county, flowing past the north of the city, and joining the Beiyang River to the northeast. Farther west is the Zi River, whose lower course reaches Shouguang and enters the sea. Farther southwest is Yanshen town, where the Xiaofu River rises and enters Zichuan County. There is a Yanshen town patrol inspectorate; a walled town was built there in Jiajing 37. Southwest of the town is Qingshi Pass.
76
臨淄府西北。 南有牛山。 又有鼎足山，女水出焉，下流合北陽水。 又有蒨山。 又有南郊山，其下爲天齊淵。 城東有淄水，又西有澠水，又有系水，下流俱入時水。 其時水自西南而東北，亦曰耏水，又有澅水流入焉，下流俱至樂安縣入海。 南有淄河店巡檢司，後廢。
Linzi County lies northwest of the prefecture. To the south is Mount Niu. There is also Mount Dingzu, whence the Nü River issues and joins the Beiyang River downstream. There is also Mount Qian. There is also Mount Nanjiao, beneath which lies the Tianqi Pool. East of the city is the Zi River; to the west are the Sheng and Xi rivers, whose lower courses all join the Shi River. The Shi River runs from southwest to northeast—also called the Er River—and the Hua River flows into it; their combined lower course reaches Le'an County and enters the sea. To the south was the Zi River Store patrol inspectorate, later abolished.
77
博興府西北。 元博興州。 洪武二年降爲縣。 南有小清河，有時水。
Boxing County lies northwest of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it was Boxing zhou. In Hongwu 2 it was reduced to a county. To the south is the Xiaoqing River and the Shi River.
78
高苑府西北。 東南有商山。 西南有小清河。 西北有田鎮巡檢司。 後廢。
Gaoyuan County lies northwest of the prefecture. To the southeast is Mount Shang. To the southwest is the Xiaoqing River. To the northwest is the Tianzhen patrol inspectorate. It was later abolished.
79
樂安府北。 東北濱海，有鹽場。 北有小清河。 東有時水。 又東南有淄水，又有北陽水，又有巨洋水，俱匯流於縣東北之高家港入海。 港即古之馬車瀆也。 有高家港巡檢司。 又西北有樂安鎮巡檢司。 又東北有塘頭寨，有百戶所駐焉。
Le'an County lies north of the prefecture. To the northeast it borders the sea, with salt works. To the north is the Xiaoqing River. To the east is the Shi River. Farther southeast are the Zi, Beiyang, and Juyang rivers, which all converge at Gaojia Harbor northeast of the county and enter the sea. The harbor is the ancient Mache Channel. There is a Gaojia Harbor patrol inspectorate. Farther northwest is the Le'an town patrol inspectorate. Farther northeast is Tangtou Stockade, where a hundred-household post was stationed.
80
壽光府東北。 北濱海，有鹽場。 西有淄水，又有北陽水。 又東有巨洋水。 又西北有清水泊，即古之鉅定湖也，其北接樂安縣之高家港。 又東北有廣陵鎮巡檢司。
Shouguang County lies northeast of the prefecture. To the north it borders the sea, with salt works. To the west are the Zi and Beiyang rivers. Farther east is the Juyang River. Farther northwest is Clear Water Marsh—the ancient Juding Lake—which on the north connects with Gaojia Harbor in Le'an County. Farther northeast is the Guangling town patrol inspectorate.
81
昌樂府東。 元屬濰州，尋省，後復置，仍屬濰州。 洪武初，改屬。 西北有故城。 洪武中，徙於今治。 東南有方山，東丹水所出，北徑昌樂故城，西丹水流合焉，下流至壽光縣入於海。 又南有白狼水，至濰縣入海。
Changle County lies east of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it belonged to Wei Prefecture; it was soon abolished, later re-established, and remained under Wei Prefecture. In early Hongwu its subordination was changed. To the northwest is the old city. In the Hongwu period the seat was moved to the present site. To the southeast is Mount Fang, whence the East Dan River issues, runs north past Changle's old city, joins the West Dan River, and reaches Shouguang County before entering the sea. Farther south is the Bailang River, which reaches Wei County and enters the sea.
82
臨朐府東。 南有朐山，又有大峴山，上有穆陵關巡檢司。 又東有沂山，一名東泰山，沭水、氵彌水俱發源於此。 氵彌水，一名巨洋水，西合石溝水，至壽光入海。 又東北有丹山，一名丸山，西丹河及白狼水出焉。
Linqu County lies east of the prefecture. To the south are Mount Ju and Mount Da Xian, on which is the Mul Pass patrol inspectorate. Farther east is Mount Yi—also called Eastern Mount Tai—whence both the Shu and Mi rivers rise. The Mi River—also called the Juyang River—joins the Shigou River to the west and at Shouguang enters the sea. Farther northeast is Mount Dan—also called Mount Wan—whence the West Dan and Bailang rivers issue.
83
安丘府東南。 元屬密州。 洪武二年七月，州廢，屬府。 西南有牟山，又有峿山。 又東北有岞山。 東有濰水，下流經濰縣入海。 又北有汶水，源亦出沂山，下流合濰水。
Anqiu County lies southeast of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it belonged to Mi Prefecture. In the seventh month of Hongwu 2 the zhou was abolished and the county was placed under the prefecture. To the southwest are Mount Mou and Mount Wu. Farther northeast is Mount Zha. To the east is the Wei River, whose lower course passes Wei County and enters the sea. Farther north is the Wen River, which also rises on Mount Yi and joins the Wei River downstream.
84
諸城府東南。 元爲密州治，屬益都路。 洪武二年七月，州廢，屬府。 東南有琅邪山。 西南有常山，又有馬耳山。 北有濰水，東北有盧水，流合焉。 南有信陽鎮巡檢司。 又南有南龍灣海口巡檢司。
Zhucheng County lies southeast of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it was the seat of Mi Prefecture in Yidu Route. In the seventh month of Hongwu 2 the zhou was abolished and the county was placed under the prefecture. To the southeast is Mount Langye. To the southwest are Mount Chang and Mount Ma'er. To the north is the Wei River; to the northeast is the Lu River, which joins it. To the south is the Xinyang town patrol inspectorate. Farther south is the Nanlongwan Estuary patrol inspectorate.
85
蒙陰府西南。 元屬莒州。 洪武二年七月改屬府。 南有蒙陰山。 東有長山，有蒙水，北流入沂水。 東南有紫荊關巡檢司。 萬曆間廢。
Mengyin County lies southwest of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it belonged to Ju Prefecture. In the seventh month of Hongwu 2 it was placed under the prefecture. To the south is Mount Mengyin. To the east is Mount Chang; the Meng River rises there and flows north into the Yi River. To the southeast is the Zijing Pass patrol inspectorate. It was abolished during the Wanli reign.
86
莒州元屬益都路。 洪武初，以州治莒縣省入。 西有浮來山。 又西北有箕屋山，濰水出焉。 又西南有沭水，流入沂州界。 南有十字路、西南有葛溝店二巡檢司。 北距府二百里。 領縣二：
Ju Prefecture—under the Yuan it belonged to Yidu Route. In early Hongwu, Ju, the seat county, was abolished and merged into the zhou. To the west is Mount Fulai. Farther northwest is Mount Jiwu, whence the Wei River issues. Farther southwest is the Shu River, which flows into Yi Prefecture. To the south are the Shizilu and Gegoukou patrol inspectorates. It lay two hundred li north of the prefecture. It governed two counties:
87
沂水州西北。 西北有大弁山，與雕厓山連，沂水出焉，南流經沂州界入泗。 東北有沭水。
Yishui County lies northwest of the zhou. To the northwest is Mount Da Bian, linked with Mount Diaoya, whence the Yi River issues and flows south through Yi Prefecture into the Si. To the northeast is the Shu River.
88
日照州東北。 東濱海，有鹽場。 東南有夾倉鎮巡檢司。
Rizhao County lies northeast of the zhou. To the east it borders the sea, with salt works. To the southeast is the Jiacang town patrol inspectorate.
89
萊州府元萊州，屬般陽路。 洪武元年升爲府。 六年降爲州。 九年五月復升爲府。 領州二，縣五。 西距布政司六百四十里。
Laizhou Prefecture—under the Yuan it was Laizhou in Banyang Route. In Hongwu 1 it was made a prefecture. In year 6 it was reduced to a zhou. In the fifth month of year 9 it was again made a prefecture. It governed two subordinate zhou and five counties. It lay six hundred forty li west of the provincial administration commission.
90
掖倚。 北濱海，有鹽場。 又有三山島，在海南岸。 東北有萬里沙。 西南有掖水，北入海。 東南有小沽河。 又東北有王徐砦守禦千戶所，嘉靖中置。 又西有海倉、北有柴葫寨二巡檢司。
Ye (seat-attached county). To the north it borders the sea, with salt works. There is also Sanshan Island on the sea's south shore. To the northeast is Wanli Sands. To the southwest is the Ye River, which enters the sea to the north. To the southeast is the Xiaogu River. Farther northeast is the Wangxu Stockade garrison-defense thousand-household post, established in the Jiajing reign. Farther west is the Haicang patrol inspectorate and to the north the Chaihu Stockade patrol inspectorate.
91
平度州元膠水縣。 洪武二十二年正月改置。 北有萊山。 西有膠水，下流至昌邑北入海。 東有大沽河，源自黃縣蹲犬山，流經州，與小沽河合，通名爲沽河，至即墨縣入海。 小沽，即尤水也。 又西南有亭口鎮巡檢司。 北距府百里。 領縣二：
Pingdu zhou—under the Yuan it was Jiaoshui County. In the first month of Hongwu 22 it was re-established as a zhou. To the north is Mount Lai. To the west is the Jiao River, whose lower course reaches north of Changyi and enters the sea. To the east is the Dagou River, rising on Squatting Dog Mountain in Huang County, flowing through the zhou, joining the Xiaogu River under the common name Gou River, and reaching Jimo County before entering the sea. The Xiaogu is the You River. Farther southwest is the Tingkou town patrol inspectorate. It lay one hundred li north of the prefecture. It governed two counties:
92
濰州西。 元濰州，屬益都路。 洪武元年以州治北海縣省入。 九年屬萊州府。 十年五月降爲縣。 二十二年正月改屬州。 南有濰水，東北入海。 又東北有固堤店巡檢司。
Weizhou lies west of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it was Weizhou in Yidu Route. In Hongwu 1, Beihai, the seat county, was abolished and merged into the zhou. In year 9 it was placed under Laizhou Prefecture. In the fifth month of year 10 it was downgraded to a county. In the first month of year 22 it was again made subordinate to the zhou. To the south is the Wei River, which flows northeast into the sea. Farther northeast is the Gudi shop patrol inspectorate.
93
昌邑州西北。 元屬濰州。 洪武十年五月省入濰縣。 二十二年正月復置，來屬。 東有濰水。 東北有膠河。 北有魚兒鎮巡檢司。
Changyi County lies northwest of the zhou. Under the Yuan it belonged to Weizhou. In the fifth month of Hongwu 10 it was abolished and merged into Wei County. In the first month of year 22 it was re-established and placed under the zhou. To the east is the Wei River. To the northeast is the Jiao River. To the north is the Yuer town patrol inspectorate.
94
膠州元屬益都路。 洪武初，以州治膠西縣省入。 九年來屬。 西南有鐵橛山，膠水所出，亦曰膠山。 東北有沽河，南流入海。 又東南海口有靈山衛，又有安東縣，俱洪武三十一年五月置。 又有夏河寨千戶所，在靈山衛西南。 石臼島寨千戶所，在安東衛南。 俱弘治後置。 又西南有古鎮巡檢司。 北有逢猛鎮巡檢司。 北距府二百二十里。 領縣二：
Jiaozhou—under the Yuan it belonged to Yidu Route. At the beginning of Hongwu, Jiaoxi, the seat county, was abolished and merged into the zhou. In year 9 it was transferred under the prefecture. To the southwest is Iron Pestle Mountain, whence the Jiao River rises—also called Jiao Mountain. To the northeast is the Gu River, which flows south into the sea. Farther southeast at the seaport are Lingshan Guard and Andong County, both established in the fifth month of Hongwu 31. There is also the Xiahe stockade thousand-household office, southwest of Lingshan Guard. The Shijiu Island stockade thousand-household office lies south of Andong Guard. Both were established after the Hongzhi reign. Farther southwest is the Gu town patrol inspectorate. To the north is the Fengmeng town patrol inspectorate. It lies two hundred twenty li north of the prefectural seat. Two counties:
95
高密州西北。 元屬膠州。 洪武元年屬青州府。 九年五月屬萊州府，尋復屬州。 東有膠水。 西有濰水。 又西南有密水，一名百尺溝，北會於濰水。
Gaomi County lies northwest of the zhou. Under the Yuan it belonged to Jiaozhou. In Hongwu 1 it was placed under Qingzhou Prefecture. In the fifth month of year 9 it was placed under Laizhou Prefecture, then soon returned to the zhou. To the east is the Jiao River. To the west is the Wei River. Farther southwest is the Mi River, also called the Hundred-Foot Ditch, which joins the Wei River to the north.
96
即墨州東。 元屬膠州。 洪武初，屬青州府。 九年五月屬萊州府。 十年五月仍屬州。 東南有勞山，在海濱。 又有田橫島，在東北海中。 東有鰲山衛，洪武二十一年五月置。 又東北有雄崖守禦千戶所，南有浮山守禦千戶所，俱洪武中置。 又東北有栲栳島巡檢司。 又即墨營舊在縣南，宣德八年移置縣北，有城。
Jimo County lies east of the zhou. Under the Yuan it belonged to Jiaozhou. At the beginning of Hongwu it belonged to Qingzhou Prefecture. In the fifth month of year 9 it was placed under Laizhou Prefecture. In the fifth month of year 10 it again belonged to the zhou. To the southeast is Mount Lao, on the seashore. There is also Tianheng Island in the sea to the northeast. To the east is Aoshan Guard, established in the fifth month of Hongwu 21. Farther northeast is the Xiongya garrison defense thousand-household office and to the south the Fushan garrison defense thousand-household office—both established in the Hongwu reign. Farther northeast is the Kaolao Island patrol inspectorate. The Jimo camp formerly lay south of the county; in Xuande 8 it was moved north of the county, where there is a walled town.
97
登州府元登州，屬般陽路。 洪武元年屬萊州府。 六年直隸山東行省。 九年五月升爲府。 領州一，縣七。 西距布政司一千零五十里。
Dengzhou Prefecture—under the Yuan it was Dengzhou in Panyang Route. In Hongwu 1 it belonged to Laizhou Prefecture. In year 6 it was made directly subordinate to the Shandong Branch Secretariat. In the fifth month of year 9 it was upgraded to a prefecture. It governed one subordinate zhou and seven counties. It lay one thousand fifty li west of the provincial administration commission.
98
蓬萊倚。 洪武初廢。 九年五月復置。 北有丹崖山，臨大海。 南有密神山，密水所出。 西南有黑石山，黑水所出，經城南合流，北入於海。 西有龍山，產鐵。 東有高山巡檢司，本置於海中沙門島，後遷硃高山下。 又東南有楊家店巡檢司。
Penglai (seat-attached county). It was abolished at the beginning of Hongwu. In the fifth month of year 9 it was re-established. To the north is Mount Danya, facing the open sea. To the south is Mount Mishen, whence the Mi River rises. To the southwest is Black Stone Mountain, whence the Black River rises; the streams unite south of the city and enter the sea to the north. To the west is Dragon Mountain, which yields iron. To the east is the Gaoshan patrol inspectorate, first posted on Shamen Island offshore and later moved below Vermilion Gaoshan. Farther southeast is the Yangjia shop patrol inspectorate.
99
黃府西南。 東南有萊山。 西南有蹲犬山，大沽水出焉。 又東有黃水，東南有洚水，合流入海。 又西有馬停鎮巡檢司。
Huang County lies southwest of the prefecture. To the southeast is Mount Lai. To the southwest is Squatting Dog Mountain, whence the Great Gu River rises. Farther east is the Huang River and to the southeast the Jiang River; their combined course enters the sea. Farther west is the Mating town patrol inspectorate.
100
福山府東南。 東北有之罘山，三面臨海。 西南有義井河，北入海。 又奇山守禦千戶所在東北，洪武三十一年置。 又北有孫夼鎮巡檢司。
Fushan County lies southeast of the prefecture. To the northeast is Mount Zhifu, with sea on three sides. To the southwest is the Yijing River, which flows north into the sea. The Qishan garrison defense thousand-household office lies to the northeast, established in Hongwu 31. Farther north is the Sun'ao town patrol inspectorate.
101
棲霞府東南。 東有岠禺山，嘗產金，亦名金山。 又有百澗山，西北有北曲山，二山舊皆產鐵。 又南有翠屏山，大河出焉，即義井河之上源也。
Qixia County lies southeast of the prefecture. To the east is Mount Juyu, which once yielded gold and is also called Golden Mountain. There is also Mount Baijian, and to the northwest Mount Beiqu—both formerly yielded iron. Farther south is Emerald Screen Mountain, whence the Great River rises—the upper source of the Yijing River.
102
招遠府西南。 元屬萊州。 洪武九年五月來屬。 東北有原疃河，北入海。 西有東良海口巡檢司。
Zhaoyuan County lies southwest of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it belonged to Laizhou. In the fifth month of Hongwu 9 it was transferred under the prefecture. To the northeast is the Yuantang River, which flows north into the sea. To the west is the Dongliang seaport patrol inspectorate.
103
萊陽府南。 元屬萊州。 洪武九年五月來屬。 東南有昌水，源發文登縣之昌山，一名昌陽水，南入海。 東有豯養澤。 又東南有大嵩衛，洪武三十一年五月置。 衛西有大山千戶所，成化中置。 又南有行村寨巡檢司。
Laizhou County lies south of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it belonged to Laizhou. In the fifth month of Hongwu 9 it was transferred under the prefecture. To the southeast is the Chang River, rising on Mount Chang in Wendeng County—also called the Changyang River—which flows south into the sea. To the east is the Xi Yang marsh. Farther southeast is Dasong Guard, established in the fifth month of Hongwu 31. West of the guard is the Dashan thousand-household office, established in the Chenghua reign. Farther south is the Xingji stockade patrol inspectorate.
104
寧海州元直隸山東東西道宣慰司。 洪武初，以州治牟平縣省入，屬萊州府。 九年改屬。 東有金水河，一名沁水，西南有五丈河，俱北入海。 又西南有乳山寨巡檢司。 西距府二百二十里。 領縣一：
Ninghai Zhou—under the Yuan it reported directly to the Shandong East-West Circuit pacification commission. At the beginning of Hongwu, Mouping, the seat county, was abolished and merged into the zhou, which then belonged to Laizhou Prefecture. In year 9 it was transferred under Dengzhou Prefecture. To the east is the Jinshui River, also called the Qin River; to the southwest is the Wuzhang River—both flow north into the sea. Farther southwest is the Rushan stockade patrol inspectorate. It lies two hundred twenty li west of the prefectural seat. One county:
105
文登州東南。 元屬寧海州。 洪武初，改屬萊州府。 九年五月屬登州府，後仍屬州。 東南有斥山。 南有成山，又有鐵槎山。 又西有鐵官山。 東南濱海。 南有靖海衛，東有成山衛，北有威海衛，皆洪武三十一年五月置。 又寧津守禦千戶所在東南，亦洪武三十一年置。 又東有海陽守禦千戶所，在靖海衛南。 金山守禦千戶所，在威海衛西。 百尺崖守禦千戶所，在威海衛北。 尋山守禦千戶所，在成山衛東南。 俱成化中置。 又北有辛汪寨、東北有溫泉鎮、東有赤山鎮三巡檢司。
Wendeng County lies southeast of the zhou. Under the Yuan it belonged to Ninghai Zhou. At the beginning of Hongwu it was placed under Laizhou Prefecture. In the fifth month of year 9 it was placed under Dengzhou Prefecture, then later again under the zhou. To the southeast is Mount Chi. To the south are Mount Cheng and Mount Tiecha. Farther west is Mount Tieguan. To the southeast it borders the sea. To the south is Jinghai Guard, to the east Chengshan Guard, and to the north Weihai Guard—all established in the fifth month of Hongwu 31. The Ningjin garrison-defense thousand-household post lies to the southeast; it too was established in Hongwu 31. Farther east is the Haiyang garrison-defense thousand-household post, south of Jinghai Guard. The Jinshan garrison-defense thousand-household post lies west of Weihai Guard. The Baichiya garrison-defense thousand-household post lies north of Weihai Guard. The Xunshan garrison-defense thousand-household post lies southeast of Chengshan Guard. All were established in the Chenghua reign. To the north is the Xinwang Stockade patrol inspectorate, to the northeast the Hot Springs town patrol inspectorate, and to the east the Chishan town patrol inspectorate—three in all.
106
遼東都指揮使司元置遼陽等處行中書省，治遼陽路。 洪武四年七月置定遼都衛。 六年六月置遼陽府、縣。 八年十月改都衛爲遼東都指揮使司。 治定遼中衛，領衛二十五，州二。 十年，府縣俱罷。 東至鴨綠江，西至山海關，南至旅順海口，北至開原。 由海道至山東布政司，二千一百五十里。 距南京一千四百里，京師一千七百里。
Liaodong regional military commission—under the Yuan the Liaoyang and other places Branch Secretariat was established, seated at Liaoyang Route. In the seventh month of Hongwu 4 the Dingliao Metropolitan Guard was established. In the sixth month of year 6 Liaoyang prefecture and its counties were established. In the tenth month of year 8 the metropolitan guard became the Liaodong regional military commission. It was seated at Dingliao Central Guard and governed twenty-five guards and two zhou. In year 10 the prefecture and counties were all abolished. It reached the Yalu River on the east, Shanhai Pass on the west, Lüshun seaport on the south, and Kaiyuan on the north. By sea route to the Shandong provincial administration commission it was two thousand one hundred fifty li. It lay one thousand four hundred li from Nanjing and one thousand seven hundred li from the capital.
107
定遼中衛元遼陽路，治遼陽縣。 洪武四年罷。 六年復置。 十年復罷。 十七年置衛。 西南有首山。 南有千山。 又東南有安平山，山有鐵場。 又西有遼河，自塞外流入，至海州衛入海。 又西北有渾河，一名小遼水，東北有太子河，一名大梁水，又名東樑水，下流俱入於遼水。 又東有鴨綠江，東南入海。 又東有鳳凰城，在鳳凰山東南，成化十七年築，爲朝鮮入貢之道。 又南有鎮江堡城。 又連山關亦在東南。
Dingliao Central Guard—under the Yuan it was Liaoyang Route, seated at Liaoyang County. It was abolished in Hongwu 4. In year 6 it was re-established. In year 10 it was abolished again. In year 17 the guard was established. To the southwest is Mount Shou. To the south is Mount Qian. Farther southeast is Mount Anping, which has iron works. Farther west is the Liao River, which enters from beyond the passes and reaches the sea at Haizhou Guard. Farther northwest is the Hun River, also called the Small Liao Water; to the northeast is the Taizi River, also called the Daliang Water or Eastern Liang Water—all drain into the Liao River downstream. Farther east is the Yalu River, which enters the sea to the southeast. Farther east is Fenghuang Fort, southeast of Mount Fenghuang, built in Chenghua 17 as the route for Korean tribute missions. Farther south is Zhenjiang Stockade Fort. Lianshan Pass also lies to the southeast.
108
定遼左衛、定遼右衛俱洪武六年十一月置。
Dingliao Left Guard and Dingliao Right Guard were both established in the eleventh month of Hongwu 6.
109
定遼前衛洪武八年二月置。
Dingliao Front Guard was established in the second month of Hongwu 8.
110
定遼後衛本遼東衛，洪武四年二月置。 八年二月改。 九年十月徙治遼陽城北，尋復。
Dingliao Rear Guard was originally Liaodong Guard, established in the second month of Hongwu 4. In the second month of year 8 it was renamed. In the tenth month of year 9 its seat was moved north of Liaoyang city, then soon restored.
111
東寧衛本東寧、南京、海洋、草河、女直五千戶所，洪武十三年置。 十九年七月改置。
Dongning Guard was originally the Dongning, Nanjing, Haiyang, Caohe, and Nüzhen thousand-household posts, established in Hongwu 13. In the seventh month of year 19 it was reorganized as a guard.
112
自在州永樂七年置於三萬衛城，尋徙。
Zizai Subprefecture was established in Yongle 7 at Sanwan Guard city and soon moved.
113
以上五衛一州，同治都司城內。
The five guards and one subprefecture above were all administered from within the regional commission city.
114
海州衛本海州，洪武初，置於舊澄州城。 九年置衛。 二十八年四月，州廢。 西南濱海，有鹽場。 西有遼河，匯渾河、太子河入海，謂之三岔河。 又西有南、北通江，亦合於遼河。 東有大片嶺關，有鹽場。 東北距都司百二十里。
Haizhou Guard was originally Haizhou; in early Hongwu it was established at the old Chenzhou city. In year 9 the guard was established. In the fourth month of year 28 the zhou was abolished. To the southwest it borders the sea and has salt works. To the west the Liao River gathers the Hun and Taizi rivers and enters the sea—the Three Forks River. Farther west are the South and North Tong Rivers, which also join the Liao River. To the east is Dapianling Pass, with salt works. It lay one hundred twenty li northeast of the regional commission.
115
蓋州衛元蓋州，屬遼陽路。 洪武四年廢。 五年六月復置。 九年十月置衛。 二十八年四月，州復廢。 東北有石城山。 又北有平山，其下有鹽場。 又東有駐蹕山，西濱海，有連雲島，上有關。 又東有泥河，南有清河，東南有畢裏河，下流皆入於海。 又南有永寧監城，永樂七年置。 又西北有樑房口關，海運之舟由此入遼河，旁有鹽場。 又東有石門關。 西有鹽場。 北有鐵場。 北距都司二百四十里。
Gaizhou Guard—under the Yuan it was Gaizhou in Liaoyang Route. It was abolished in Hongwu 4. In the sixth month of year 5 it was re-established. In the tenth month of year 9 the guard was established. In the fourth month of year 28 the zhou was abolished again. To the northeast is Mount Shicheng. Farther north is Mount Ping, with salt works at its foot. Farther east is Mount Zhubei; to the west it borders the sea, with Lianyun Island and a pass upon it. Farther east are the Ni, Qing, and Bili rivers, whose lower courses all reach the sea. Farther south is Yongning Stockade Fort, established in Yongle 7. Farther northwest is Liangfangkou Pass, where sea-transport vessels enter the Liao River; salt works lie beside it. Farther east is Shimen Pass. To the west are salt works. To the north are iron works. It lay two hundred forty li north of the regional commission.
116
復州衛本復州，洪武五年六月置於舊復州城。 十四年九月置衛。 二十八年四月，州廢。 西濱海。 西南有長生島。 又南有沙河，合麻河，西注於海。 東有得利嬴城，元季士人築，洪武四年二月置遼東衛於此，尋徙。 又南有樂古關。 西有鹽場。 北有鐵場。 北距都司四百二十里。
Fuzhou Guard was originally Fuzhou, established in the sixth month of Hongwu 5 at the old Fuzhou city. In the ninth month of year 14 the guard was established. In the fourth month of year 28 the zhou was abolished. To the west it borders the sea. To the southwest is Changsheng Island. Farther south is the Sha River, which joins the Ma River and flows west into the sea. To the east is Deliying Fort, built by scholar-officials at the end of the Yuan; in the second month of Hongwu 4 Liaodong Guard was posted here, then soon moved. Farther south is Legu Pass. To the west are salt works. To the north are iron works. It lay four hundred twenty li north of the regional commission.
117
金州衛本金州，洪武五年六月置於舊金州。 八年四月置衛。 二十八年四月，州廢。 東有大黑山，小沙河出焉。 又有小黑山，駱馬河、澄沙河俱出焉。 衛東西南三面皆濱海。 南有南關島。 東有蓮花島。 東南有金線島。 又東有皮島，又有長行島。 南有雙島及三山島。 西南有鐵山島。 東北有蕭家島，有關。 又旅順口關在南，海運之舟由此登岸，有南、北二城，其北城有中左千戶所，洪武二十年置。 又東南有望海堝石城，永樂七年置。 又衛東有鐵場。 東北有鹽場。 北距都司六百里。
Jinzhou Guard was originally Jinzhou, established in the sixth month of Hongwu 5 at old Jinzhou. In the fourth month of year 8 the guard was established. In the fourth month of year 28 the zhou was abolished. To the east is Mount Dahei, whence the Small Sha River issues. There is also Mount Xiaohei, whence the Luoma and Chengsha rivers issue. On its east, south, and west the guard borders the sea. To the south is Nanguan Island. To the east is Lotus Island. To the southeast is Jin Thread Island. Farther east are Pi Island and Changxing Island. To the south are Shuang Island and the Sanshan Islands. To the southwest is Tieshan Island. To the northeast is Xiaojia Island, with a pass. Lüshunkou Pass lies to the south, where sea-transport vessels put ashore; there are southern and northern cities—the northern city has the Central Left thousand-household post, established in Hongwu 20. Farther southeast is Wanghai Ember Stone Fort, established in Yongle 7. Farther east of the guard are iron works. To the northeast are salt works. It lay six hundred li north of the regional commission.
118
廣寧衛元廣寧府路。 江武初廢。 二十三年五月置衛。 洪武二十五年三月建遼王府。 建文中改封湖廣荊州府。 西有醫無閭山。 南濱海。 東有路河，東北有珠子河，下流皆注於遼河。 又板橋河在西，南流入海。 北有白土廠關，又有分水嶺關。 西北有魏家嶺關。 又北有懿州，元屬遼陽路。 洪武二十六年正月置廣寧後屯衛於此。 永樂八年，州廢。 徙衛於義州衛城。 又西南有閭陽關，東北有望平縣，元俱屬廣寧路。 又西北有川州，元屬大寧路。 又東北有順州，西北有成州，元俱屬東寧路。 又西南有鍾秀城，元置千戶所於此。 俱洪武中廢。 東距都司四百二十里。
Guangning Guard—under the Yuan it was Guangning Prefecture Route. In early Hongwu it was abolished. In the fifth month of year 23 the guard was established. In the third month of Hongwu 25 the Liao princely mansion was built. In the Jianwen reign the fief was moved to Jingzhou Prefecture in Huguang. To the west is Yiwulü Mountain. It lies along the coast to the south. To the east is the Lu River; to the northeast the Zhuzi River—both empty into the Liao River downstream. Farther west is the Banqiao River, which flows south into the sea. To the north are Baituchang Pass and Fenshuiling Pass. To the northwest is Weijialing Pass. Farther north is Yi Prefecture, which under the Yuan belonged to Liaoyang Route. In the first month of Hongwu 26 the Guangning Rear Garrison Guard was established here. In Yongle 8 the prefecture was abolished. The guard was moved to the city of Yizhou Guard. Farther southwest is Lüyang Pass; to the northeast Wangping County—both under the Yuan belonged to Guangning Route. Farther northwest is Chuan Prefecture, which under the Yuan belonged to Daning Route. Farther northeast is Shun Prefecture; to the northwest Cheng Prefecture—both under the Yuan belonged to Dongning Route. Farther southwest is Zhongxiu walled town, where under the Yuan a thousand-household post was established. All were abolished in the Hongwu period. It lies four hundred twenty li east of the provincial command.
119
廣寧中衛、廣寧左衛俱洪武二十六年正月置。 二十八年四月廢。 三十五年十一月復置。
Guangning Central Guard and Guangning Left Guard were both established in the first month of Hongwu 26. They were abolished in the fourth month of year 28. They were re-established in the eleventh month of year 35.
120
廣寧右衛本治大淩河堡，洪武二十六年正月置。 二十八年四月廢。 三十五年十一月復置。
Guangning Right Guard was originally seated at Dalinghe Fort, established in the first month of Hongwu 26. It was abolished in the fourth month of year 28. It was re-established in the eleventh month of year 35.
121
以上三衛，俱在廣寧衛城。
The three guards above were all at Guangning Guard city.
122
廣寧前衛、廣寧後衛俱洪武二十六年正月置。 後俱廢。
Guangning Front Guard and Guangning Rear Guard were both established in the first month of Hongwu 26. Both were later abolished.
123
義州衛元義州，屬大寧路。 洪武初，州廢。 二十年八月置衛。 西北有大淩河，下流入海。 東北有清河，下流合大淩河。 東南距都司五百四十里。
Yizhou Guard was Yuan Yizhou, belonging to Daning Route. In early Hongwu the prefecture was abolished. In the eighth month of year 20 the guard was established. To the northwest is the Great Ling River, whose lower course reaches the sea. To the northeast is the Qing River, whose lower course joins the Great Ling River. It lies five hundred forty li southeast of the provincial command.
124
廣寧後屯衛洪武二十六年正月置於舊懿州。 永樂八年徙治義州衛城。
Guangning Rear Garrison Guard was established in the first month of Hongwu 26 at old Yi Prefecture. In Yongle 8 its seat was moved to Yizhou Guard city.
125
廣寧中屯衛元錦州，屬大寧路。 洪武初，州廢。 二十四年九月置衛。 東有木葉山。 西有東、西紅螺山。 西南有杏山。 東南有乳峯山。 又東有大淩河、小淩河。 又西有女兒河，與小淩河合。 又南有松山堡，在松山西，宣德五年正月置中左千戶所於此，轄杏山驛至小淩河驛。 東有大淩河堡，洪武二十六年正月置廣寧右衛，二十八年四月廢。 宣德五年正月置中右千戶所於此，轄淩河驛至十三山驛。 又城南有鹽場二，鐵場一。 又西有鐵場。 東南距都司六百里。
Guangning Central Garrison Guard was Yuan Jin Prefecture, belonging to Daning Route. In early Hongwu the prefecture was abolished. In the ninth month of year 24 the guard was established. To the east is Mount Muye. To the west are the Eastern and Western Red Conch Mountains. To the southwest is Mount Xing. To the southeast is Mount Rufeng. Farther east are the Great and Little Ling rivers. Farther west is the Nü'er River, which joins the Little Ling River. Farther south is Songshan Fort, west of Mount Song; in the first month of Xuande 5 a central-left thousand-household post was established here, with jurisdiction from Xingshan post station to the Little Ling River post station. To the east is Dalinghe Fort, where in the first month of Hongwu 26 Guangning Right Guard was established and abolished in the fourth month of year 28. In the first month of Xuande 5 a central-right thousand-household post was established here, with jurisdiction from Linghe post station to Shisanshan post station. South of the city are two salt works and one iron works. Farther west is an iron works. It lies six hundred li southeast of the provincial command.
126
廣寧左屯衛洪武二十四年九月置於遼河西，後徙廣寧中屯衛城。
Guangning Left Garrison Guard was established in the ninth month of Hongwu 24 west of the Liao River, later moved to Guangning Central Garrison Guard city.
127
廣寧右屯衛元廣寧府地。 洪武二十六年正月置於十三山堡。 二十七年遷於舊閭陽縣之臨海鄉。 北有十三山。 山西有十三山堡。 西有大淩河。 又西南有望梅嶺。 又南有鹽場，東有鐵場。 東南距都司五百四十里。
Guangning Right Garrison Guard occupied Yuan Guangning Prefecture territory. It was established in the first month of Hongwu 26 at Shisanshan Fort. In year 27 it was moved to the Linhai township of old Lüyang County. To the north is Mount Shisan. West of the mountains is Shisanshan Fort. To the west is the Great Ling River. Farther southwest is Wangmei Ridge. Farther south is a salt works; to the east an iron works. It lies five hundred forty li southeast of the provincial command.
128
廣寧前屯衛元瑞州，屬大寧路。 洪武初，屬永平府。 七年七月，州廢。 二十六年正月置衛。 西北有萬松山。 北有十八盤山。 西有麻子峪，有鐵場。 東南爲山口峪，有鹽場。 東北有六州河，下流至蛇山務入海。 西有山海關，與北直撫寧縣界。 又有急水河堡，宣德五年正月置中前千戶所於此，轄山海東關至高嶺驛。 又東有杏林堡，宣德五年正月置中後千戶所於此，轄沙河驛至東關驛。 東距都司九百六十里。
Guangning Front Garrison Guard was Yuan Rui Prefecture, belonging to Daning Route. In early Hongwu it belonged to Yongping Prefecture. In the seventh month of year 7 the prefecture was abolished. In the first month of year 26 the guard was established. To the northwest is Mount Wansong. To the north is Mount Shibapan. To the west is Maziyu Valley, with an iron works. To the southeast is Shankouyu Valley, with a salt works. To the northeast is the Liuzhou River, whose lower course reaches Sheshan courier station and enters the sea. To the west is Shanhai Pass, bordering Funing County in North Zhili. There is also Jishuihe Fort, where in the first month of Xuande 5 a central-front thousand-household post was established, with jurisdiction from Shanhai East Pass to Gaoling post station. Farther east is Xinglin Fort, where in the first month of Xuande 5 a central-rear thousand-household post was established, with jurisdiction from Shahe post station to Dongguan post station. It lies nine hundred sixty li east of the provincial command.
129
寧遠衛宣德五年正月分廣寧前屯、中屯二衛地置，治湯池。 西北有大團山。 東北有長嶺山。 南濱海。 東有桃花島。 東南有覺華島城。 西有寧遠河，即女兒河也，又名三女河。 又東有塔山，有中左千戶所，轄連山驛山至杏山驛，西有小沙河中右千戶所，轄東關驛至曹莊驛，俱宣德五年正月置。 又南有鹽、鐵二場。 東距都司七百七十里。
Ningyuan Guard was carved from the territory of Guangning Front and Central garrison guards in the first month of Xuande 5, seated at Tangchi. To the northwest is Mount Datuan. To the northeast is Mount Changling. It lies along the coast to the south. To the east is Peach Blossom Island. To the southeast is Juehua Island walled town. To the west is the Ningyuan River—the Nü'er River, also called the Three Daughters River. Farther east is Mount Ta, with a central-left thousand-household post governing from Lianshan post station to Xingshan post station; to the west at Xiaoshahe is a central-right thousand-household post governing from Dongguan to Caozhuang post stations—all established in the first month of Xuande 5. Farther south are salt and iron works. It lies seven hundred seventy li east of the provincial command.
130
瀋陽中衛元瀋陽路。 洪武初廢。 三十一年閏五月置衛。 洪武二十四年建沈王府。 永樂六年遷於山西潞州。 東有東牟山。 南有渾河，又東有瀋水入焉。 又西有遼河。 又東北有撫順千戶所，洪武二十一年置。 所東有撫順關。 北有蒲河千戶所，亦洪武二十一年置。 南距都司百二十里。
Shenyang Central Guard was Yuan Shenyang Route. It was abolished in early Hongwu. The guard was established in the intercalary fifth month of year 31. In Hongwu 24 the Shen princely mansion was built. In Yongle 6 it was moved to Lu Prefecture in Shanxi. To the east is Mount Dongmou. To the south is the Hun River; from the east the Shen River enters it. Farther west is the Liao River. Farther northeast is the Fushun thousand-household post, established in Hongwu 21. East of the post is Fushun Pass. To the north is the Puhe thousand-household post, also established in Hongwu 21. It lies one hundred twenty li south of the provincial command.
131
瀋陽左衛、瀋陽右衛俱洪武中置。 建文初廢。 洪武三十五年七月復置，後仍廢。
Shenyang Left and Right guards were both established in the Hongwu period. They were abolished at the beginning of the Jianwen reign. They were re-established in the seventh month of Hongwu 35, then abolished again.
132
瀋陽中屯衛洪武三十一年閏五月置。 建文中廢。 洪武三十五年十一月復置，屬北平都司，後屬後軍都督府，寄治北直河間縣。
Shenyang Central Garrison Guard was established in the intercalary fifth month of Hongwu 31. It was abolished in the Jianwen period. It was re-established in the eleventh month of Hongwu 35; it belonged to the Beiping provincial command, later to the Rear Army supreme command, with its seat administered from Hejian County in North Zhili.
133
鐵嶺衛洪武二十一年三月以古鐵嶺城置。 二十六年四月遷於古嚚州之地，即今治也。 西有遼河，南有泛河，又南有小清河，俱流入於遼河。 又南有懿路城，洪武二十九年置懿路千戶所於此。 又範河城在衛南，亦曰泛河城，正統四年置泛河千戶所於此。 東南有奉集縣，即古鐵嶺城也，接高麗界，洪武初置縣，尋廢。 又有咸平府，元直隸遼東行省。 至正二年正月降爲縣。 洪武初廢。 南距都司二百四十里。
Tieling Guard was established in the third month of Hongwu 21 at the ancient Tieling walled city. In the fourth month of the 26th year it was moved to the site of ancient Yinzhou, where the seat of government lies today. To the west is the Liao River; to the south the Fan River and, farther south, the Xiaoqing River—all empty into the Liao River. Farther south is Yilu walled city, where in Hongwu 29 the Yilu thousand-household post was established. Fanhe walled city lies south of the guard—also known as Fanhe walled city—where in Zhengtong 4 the Fanhe thousand-household post was established. To the southeast is Fengji County—the ancient Tieling walled city—on the Goryeo border; a county was established at the start of Hongwu but soon abolished. Farther on was Xianping Prefecture, which under the Yuan was directly subordinate to the Liaodong Branch Secretariat. In the first month of Zhizheng 2 it was reduced to a county. It was abolished at the start of Hongwu. It lies two hundred forty li south of the provincial command.
134
三萬衛元開元路。 洪武初廢。 二十年十二月置三萬衛於故城西，兼置兀者野人乞例迷女直軍民府。 二十一年，府罷，徙衛於開元城。 洪武二十四年建韓王府。 永樂二十二年遷於陝西平涼。 西北有金山。 東有分水東嶺。 北有分水西嶺。 西有大清河，東有小清河，流合焉，下流入於遼河。 又北有上河，東北有艾河，流合焉，謂之遼海，即遼河上源也。 又北有金水河，北流入塞外之松花江。 又鎮北關在東北。 廣順關在江。 又西有新安關。 西南有清河關。 南有山頭關。 又北有北城，即牛家莊也，洪武二十三年三月置遼海衛於此。 二十六年，衛徙。 又南有中固城，永樂五年置。 南距都司三百三十里。
Sanwan Guard occupied the site of the Yuan Kaiyuan Route. The route was abolished at the start of Hongwu. In the twelfth month of the 20th year Sanwan Guard was established west of the old city, together with the Wuzhe-barbarian Qiliemi Jurchen military-civilian prefecture. In the 21st year the prefecture was abolished and the guard moved to Kaiyuan walled city. In Hongwu 24 the residence of the Prince of Han was built. In Yongle 22 it was moved to Pingliang in Shaanxi. To the northwest is Mount Jin. To the east is Fenshui East Ridge. To the north is Fenshui West Ridge. To the west is the Daqing River; to the east the Xiaoqing River—they unite and flow downstream into the Liao River. Farther north is the Shang River; to the northeast the Ai River—they join to form what is called the Liaohai, the upper reaches of the Liao River. Farther north is the Jinshui River, which flows north beyond the frontier into the Songhua River. Farther northeast is Zhenbei Pass. Guangshun Pass lies on the river. To the west is Xin'an Pass. To the southwest is Qinghe Pass. To the south is Shantou Pass. Farther north is Beicheng—that is, Niujiazhuang—where in the third month of Hongwu 23 Liaohai Guard was established. In the 26th year the guard was relocated. Farther south is Zhonggu walled city, established in Yongle 5. It lies three hundred thirty li south of the provincial command.
135
遼海衛洪武二十三年三月置於牛家莊。 二十六年徙三萬衛城。
Liaohai Guard was established at Niujiazhuang in the third month of Hongwu 23. In the 26th year it was moved to the city of Sanwan Guard.
136
安樂州永樂七年置，在三萬衛城。
Anle Subprefecture was established in Yongle 7 at the city of Sanwan Guard.
137
山西《禹貢》冀州之域。 元置河東山西道宣慰使司，治大同路。 直隸中書省。 洪武二年四月置山西等處行中書省。 治太原路。 三年十二月置太原都衛。 與行中書省同治。 八年十月改都衛爲山西都指揮使司。 九年六月改行中書省爲承宣布政使司。 領府五，直隸州三，屬州十六，縣七十九。 爲裏四千四百有奇。 東至真定，與北直界。 北至大同，外爲邊地。 西南皆至河，與陝西、河南界。 距南京二千四百里，京師千二百里。 洪武二十六年編戶五十九萬五千四百四十四，口四百七萬二千一百二十七。 弘治四年，戶五十七萬五千二百四十九，口四百三十六萬四百七十六。 萬曆六年，戶五十九萬六千九十七，口五百三十一萬七千三百五十九。
Shanxi lies within the Jizhou region described in the "Tribute of Yu." Under the Yuan the Hedong Shanxi Circuit Pacification Commission was established, seated at Datong Route. It was directly subordinate to the Central Secretariat. In the fourth month of Hongwu 2 the Branch Secretariat of Shanxi and other places was established. Its seat was Taiyuan Route. In the twelfth month of the 3rd year Taiyuan Regional Guard was established. It was administered jointly with the Branch Secretariat. In the tenth month of the 8th year the Regional Guard became the Shanxi Regional Military Commission. In the sixth month of the 9th year the Branch Secretariat became the Provincial Administration Commission. It governed five prefectures, three directly subordinate subprefectures, sixteen dependent subprefectures, and seventy-nine counties. Registered li totaled a little over four thousand four hundred. To the east it reached Zhending, bordering the Northern Capital metropolitan region. To the north it reached Datong; beyond lay the frontier. To the southwest it reached the Yellow River on the borders with Shaanxi and Henan. It stood two thousand four hundred li from Nanjing and one thousand two hundred li from the capital. In Hongwu 26 registered households numbered 595,444 and population 4,072,127. In Hongzhi 4 households numbered 575,249 and population 4,360,476. In Wanli 6 households numbered 596,097 and population 5,317,359.
138
太原府元冀寧路，屬河東山西道宣慰司。 洪武元年十二月改爲太原府，領州五，縣二十：
Taiyuan Prefecture occupied the site of the Yuan Jining Route, subordinate to the Hedong Shanxi Circuit Pacification Commission. In the twelfth month of Hongwu 1 it became Taiyuan Prefecture, governing five subprefectures and twenty counties:
139
陽曲倚。 洪武三年四月建晉王府於城外東北維。 西有汾水，自靜樂縣流經此，下流至滎河縣合大河。 西北有天門關巡檢司。 東北有石嶺關巡檢司。
Yangqu (seat-attached county). In the fourth month of Hongwu 3 the residence of the Prince of Jin was built in the northeast quarter outside the city wall. To the west is the Fen River, which flows from Jingle County through this prefecture and downstream at Xinghe County joins the great river. To the northwest is the Tianmen Pass inspection office. To the northeast is the Shiling Pass inspection office.
140
太原府西南。 元曰平晉，治在今東北。 洪武四年移於汾水西，故晉陽城之南關。 八年更名太原。 西有懸甕山，一名龍山，又名結絀山，晉水所出，下流入於汾。 西北有蒙山。 東有汾水。 東南有洞渦水，源自樂平，下流入汾。
Taiyuan County lies southwest of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it was called Pingjin, with its seat in what is now the northeast of the prefecture. In Hongwu 4 it was moved west of the Fen River to the south gate of old Jinyang walled city. In the 8th year it was renamed Taiyuan. To the west is Mount Xuanyu—also called Mount Long and Mount Jieyu—whence the Jinyang River flows into the Fen. To the northwest is Mount Meng. To the east is the Fen River. To the southeast is the Dongguo River, which rises in Leping and flows into the Fen downstream.
141
榆次府東南。 東南有塗水，合小塗水西北流，入洞渦水。
Yuci County lies southeast of the prefecture. To the southeast is the Tu River, which with the Xiao Tu River flows northwest into the Dongguo River.
142
太谷府東南。 東南有馬嶺，路出北直邢臺縣，上有馬嶺關，有巡檢司。 西有太谷，一名咸陽谷。 東北有象谷水，流入汾。
Taigu County lies southeast of the prefecture. To the southeast is Horse Ridge; the road from Xingtai County in the Northern Capital region passes over it, where Maling Pass and its inspection office stand. To the west is Taigu Valley—also called Xianyang Valley. To the northeast the Xianggu River flows into the Fen.
143
祁府南少西。 東南有胡甲山，隆舟水出焉，下流至平遙入汾。 南有隆舟峪巡檢司。 又東有團柏鎮。
Qi County lies south and slightly west of the prefecture. To the southeast is Mount Hujia, whence the Longzhou River flows to Pingyao and enters the Fen. To the south is the Longzhou Valley inspection office. Farther east is Tuanbai town.
144
徐溝府南。 北有洞渦水，至此合汾。
Xugou County lies south of the prefecture. To the north the Dongguo River here joins the Fen.
145
清源府西南。 北有清源水，東流，南入汾。
Qingyuan County lies southwest of the prefecture. To the north is the Qingyuan River, which flows east and then south into the Fen.
146
交城府西南。 東北有羊腸山。 東南有汾水。 又西有文水。
Jiaocheng County lies southwest of the prefecture. To the northeast is Mount Yangchang. To the southeast is the Fen River. Farther west is the Wen River.
147
文水府西南。 西南有隱泉山。 東有文水，南入汾。 又東北有猷水，或以爲即鄔澤也。
Wenshui County lies southwest of the prefecture. To the southwest is Mount Yinquan. To the east the Wen River flows south into the Fen. To the northeast is the You River, thought by some to be the Wuye Marsh.
148
壽陽府東。 西有殺熊嶺。 南有洞渦水，黑水流合焉。
Shouyang County lies east of the prefecture. To the west is Bear-slaying Ridge. To the south is the Dongguo River, where the Hei River joins it.
149
孟府東北。 元孟州。 洪武二年降爲縣。 東北有白馬山。 北有滹沱河，東入北直平山縣界。 東北有伏馬關，一名白馬關。 又東有榆棗關。
Meng County lies northeast of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it was Meng Subprefecture. In Hongwu 2 it was reduced to a county. To the northeast is White Horse Mountain. To the north is the Hutuo River, which flows east into Pingshan County in the Northern Capital region. To the northeast is Fuma Pass—also called White Horse Pass. Farther east is Yuzao Pass.
150
靜樂府西北。 元管州。 洪武二年改爲靜樂縣。 東北有管涔山，汾水所出。 又東北有燕京山，上有天池。 又北有寧化守禦千戶所，洪武二年置。 又東南有兩嶺關，置故鎮巡檢司於此，後移於稍東順水村。 又南有樓煩鎮巡檢司。 又東北有沙婆嶺巡檢司，後移於陽曲縣天門關。
Jingle County lies northwest of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it was a subprefecture. In Hongwu 2 it was changed to Jingle County. To the northeast is Guancen Mountain, whence the Fen River issues. Farther northeast is Yanshan Mountain, on which is the Tianchi Pool. Farther north is the Ninghua garrison-defense thousand-household post, established in Hongwu 2. Farther southeast is Liangling Pass; the former-town patrol inspectorate was placed here, later moved to Shunshui Village slightly to the east. Farther south is the Loufan Town patrol inspectorate. Farther northeast was the Shabaling patrol inspectorate, later moved to Tianmen Pass in Yangqu County.
151
河曲府西北。 元省。 洪武十三年十一月復置。 西有火山，臨大河。 河濱有娘娘灘、太子灘，皆套中渡河險要處也。 北有關河，以經偏頭關而名，西北流入大河。 成化十一年十二月置偏頭關守禦千戶所，與寧武、雁門爲三關。
Hequ lies northwest of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it was abolished. It was restored in the eleventh month of Hongwu 13. To the west is Huoshan Mountain, overlooking the Great River. On the riverbank are Niangniang Beach and Taizi Beach—both critical fords across the river within the bend. To the north is the Guan River, named for passing Piankou Pass; it flows northwest into the Great River. In the twelfth month of Chenghua 11 the Piankou Pass garrison-defense thousand-household post was established; with Ningwu and Yanmen it formed the Three Passes.
152
平定州東有綿山，澤發水出焉，即冶河上源，合沾水，東流至平山縣入滹沱。 西南有洞渦水，合浮化水，西流入汾。 東南有新固關守禦千戶所。 又東有故關，即井陘關也，洪武三年置故關巡檢司於此。 又有葦澤、盤石二關在縣東北，俱接井陘縣界。 西北距府一百八十里。 領縣一：
East of Pingding zhou is Mianshan Mountain, whence the Zefa River issues—the upper reach of the Ye River; it joins the Zhan River and flows east to enter the Hutuo at Pingshan County. To the southwest is the Dongwo River, which joins the Fuhua River and flows west into the Fen. To the southeast is the Xingu Pass garrison-defense thousand-household post. Farther east is Guguan Pass—that is, Jingxing Pass; in Hongwu 3 the Guguan patrol inspectorate was placed here. Also in the northeast of the county are Weize Pass and Panshi Pass, both bordering Jingxing County. It lay one hundred eighty li northwest of the prefecture. It governed one county:
153
樂平州東南。 東有皋落山，一名靈山。 西南有少山，一名沾嶺，爲沾水、清漳二水之發源。 沾東流入澤發水，漳北流，折而西南，入和順縣之樑榆水。 又西有陡泉嶺，洞渦水所出。 又靜陽鎮在縣東南。
Yueping lies southeast of the zhou. To the east is Gaoluo Mountain, also called Lingshan Mountain. To the southwest is Shaoshan Mountain, also called Zhan Ridge—the source of the Zhan and Qingzhang rivers. The Zhan flows east into the Zefa River; the Zhang flows north, then bends southwest into the Liangyu River in Heshun County. Farther west is Douquan Ridge, whence the Dongwo River issues. Jingyang Town also lies southeast of the county.
154
忻州洪武初，以州治秀容縣省入。 北有滹沱河，又有忻水，一名肆盧川，自北流入焉。 西南有牛尾莊巡檢司，後移於州北十里。 又西有寨西巡檢司，西北有沙溝巡檢司，後俱廢。 又忻口寨亦在州北。 又東南有赤塘關。 南距府百六十里。 領縣一：
In early Hongwu, Xiurong, the seat county, was abolished and merged into Xin zhou. To the north is the Hutuo River; there is also the Xin River, also called the Silu River, which enters from the north. To the southwest was the Niuweizhuang patrol inspectorate, later moved ten li north of the zhou. Farther west was the Zhaixi patrol inspectorate; to the northwest was the Shagou patrol inspectorate—both later abolished. Xinkou Stockade also lies north of the zhou. Farther southeast is Chitang Pass. It lay one hundred sixty li south of the prefecture. It governed one county:
155
定襄州東少北。 北有滹沱河。 又南有叢象山，有三會水流合焉。 東北有胡谷砦巡檢司，後廢。
Dingxiang lies slightly north of east from the zhou. To the north is the Hutuo River. Farther south is Congxiang Mountain, where three streams of the Sanhui River unite. To the northeast was the Hugu Stockade patrol inspectorate, later abolished.
156
代州洪武二年降爲縣。 八年二月復升爲州。 句注山在西，亦名西陘，亦曰雁門山，其北爲雁門關，有雁門守禦千戶所，洪武十二年十月置。 又於關北置廣武營城。 又東有夏屋山，一名下壺。 又南有滹沱河，源自繁峙入州界，西南流經崞、忻、定襄，又東經五臺、盂，入真定界。 又北有太和嶺、水勤口二巡檢司，後俱廢。 西南距府三百五十里。 領縣三：
In Hongwu 2 Dai zhou was reduced to a county. In the second month of year 8 it was again raised to a zhou. Gouzhu Mountain lies to the west, also called Xiyao and Yanmen Mountain; to its north is Yanmen Pass, with the Yanmen garrison-defense thousand-household post, established in the tenth month of Hongwu 12. North of the pass Guangwu Camp City was also established. Farther east is Xiaye Mountain, also called Xiahu. Farther south is the Hutuo River, which rises in Fanzhi, enters the zhou boundary, flows southwest through Guo, Xin, and Dingxiang, then east through Wutai and Yu into Zhending territory. Farther north were the Taihe Ridge and Shuiqinkou patrol inspectorates—both later abolished. It lay three hundred fifty li southwest of the prefecture. It governed three counties:
157
五臺州東南。 元台州。 洪武二年改爲五臺縣。 八年二月來屬。 東北有五臺山，有清水河，東北流，合虒陽河，南入於滹沱。 又東南有高洪口巡檢司。 又東北有大谷口、飯仙山二巡檢司，後俱廢。
Wutai lies southeast of the zhou. Under the Yuan it was Taizhou. In Hongwu 2 it was changed to Wutai County. In the second month of year 8 it came under this jurisdiction. To the northeast is Wutai Mountain; the Qingshui River flows northeast, joins the Siyang River, and enters the Hutuo to the south. Farther southeast is the Gaohongkou patrol inspectorate. Farther northeast were the Dagukou and Fanxianshan patrol inspectorates—both later abolished.
158
繁峙州東。 元堅州。 洪武二年改爲繁峙縣。 八年二月來屬。 舊治在縣南，成化三年二月移治東義村。 萬曆十四年十二月徙於河北之石龍崗。 東北有秦戲山，滹沱河所出也，迴環千三百七十里，至北直靜海縣入海。 又北有茹越口、東北有北樓口、東有平刑嶺三巡檢司，後俱廢。 又東有郎嶺關城，洪武十七年築。
Fanzhi lies east of the zhou. Under the Yuan it was Jianzhou. In Hongwu 2 it was changed to Fanzhi County. In the second month of year 8 it came under this jurisdiction. The former seat lay south of the county; in the second month of Chenghua 3 the seat was moved to Dongyi Village. In the twelfth month of Wanli 14 it was relocated to Shilong Ridge north of the river. To the northeast is Qinxi Mountain, whence the Hutuo River issues; winding one thousand three hundred seventy li, it reaches Jinghai County in North Zhili and enters the sea. Farther north was the Ruyuekou patrol inspectorate; to the northeast Beiloukou; to the east Pingxing Ridge—all three later abolished. Farther east is Langling Pass City, built in Hongwu 17.
159
崞州西南。 元崞州。 洪武二年降爲縣。 八年二月來屬。 西南有崞山。 東南有石鼓山，又有滹沱河。 又西北有寧武關，有寧武守禦千戶所，景泰元年置。 又有八角守禦千戶所，嘉靖三年八月置。 又西南有蘆板寨巡檢司。 又西北有楊武峪、吊橋嶺、胡峪北口三巡檢司。
Guo lies southwest of the zhou. Under the Yuan it was Guo zhou. In Hongwu 2 it was reduced to a county. In the second month of year 8 it came under this jurisdiction. To the southwest is Guo Mountain. To the southeast is Shigu Mountain; there is also the Hutuo River. Farther northwest is Ningwu Pass, with the Ningwu garrison-defense thousand-household post, established in Jingtai 1. There is also the Bajiao garrison-defense thousand-household post, established in the eighth month of Jiajing 3. Farther southwest is the Luban Stockade patrol inspectorate. Farther northwest are the Yangwuyu, Diaoqiao Ridge, and Huyu North Mouth patrol inspectorates.
160
岢嵐州本岢嵐縣，洪武七年十月置。 八年十一月升爲州。 北有岢嵐山，其東爲雪山。 西南有嵐漪河，北有蔚汾水，下流俱入大河。 又西北有岢嵐鎮巡檢司，後廢。 又北有天澗堡隘，路通朔州。 西北有於坑堡隘，又有洪谷堡隘，俱通保德州。 東南距府二百八十里。 領縣二：
Kelan zhou was originally Kelan County, established in the tenth month of Hongwu 7. In the eleventh month of year 8 it was raised to a zhou. To the north is Kelan Mountain; east of it is Xueshan Mountain. To the southwest is the Lanyi River; to the north the Weifen River—both lower courses enter the Great River. Farther northwest was the Kelan Town patrol inspectorate, later abolished. Farther north is Tianjianbao Pass, on the road to Shuozhou. To the northwest is Yukengbao Pass; there is also Honggubao Pass—both connect to Baode zhou. It lay two hundred eighty li southeast of the prefecture. It governed two counties:
161
嵐州南少東。 元嵐州。 洪武初，降爲縣。 西南有黃尖山，蔚汾水所出。 又北有二郎關、鹿徑嶺二巡檢司。
Lan County lies slightly southeast of the zhou. Under the Yuan it was Lan zhou. In early Hongwu it was reduced to a county. To the southwest is Huangjian Mountain, whence the Weifen River issues. Farther north are the Erlang Pass and Lujing Ridge patrol inspectorates.
162
興州西南。 元興州。 洪武二年降爲縣。 八年十一月來屬。 東北有石樓山。 西濱大河，南有蔚汾水流入焉。 又東有界河口、西南有孟家峪二巡檢司。
Xing lies southwest of the zhou. Under the Yuan it was Xing zhou. In Hongwu 2 it was reduced to a county. In the eleventh month of year 8 it came under this jurisdiction. To the northeast is Shilou Mountain. It borders the Great River on the west; to the south the Weifen River flows into it. Farther east is the Jiehekou patrol inspectorate; to the southwest the Mengjiayu patrol inspectorate.
163
保德州洪武七年降爲縣。 八年十一月屬岢嵐州。 九年正月復升爲州西濱大河。 東北有得馬水巡檢司，後廢。 東南距府五百里。
In Hongwu 7 Baode zhou was reduced to a county. In the eleventh month of year 8 it was subordinated to Kelan zhou. In the first month of year 9 it was again raised to a zhou; it borders the Great River on the west. To the northeast was the Demashui patrol inspectorate, later abolished. It lay five hundred li southeast of the prefecture.
164
臨汾倚。 西有姑射山。 西南有平山，晉水、平水皆出於此，東流入於汾。
Linfen (seat-attached county). To the west is Gushe Mountain. To the southwest is Mount Ping; the Jin and Ping rivers both rise here and flow east into the Fen.
165
襄陵府西南。 西南有三隥山。 東有汾水，南有太平關，有巡檢司。
Xiangling County lies southwest of the prefecture. To the southwest is Sanxin Mountain. To the east is the Fen River; to the south is Taiping Pass, with a patrol inspectorate.
166
洪洞府北少東。 東有九箕山。 西有汾水。
Hongdong County lies north and slightly east of the prefecture. To the east is Jiuji Mountain. To the west is the Fen River.
167
浮山府東少南。 西有浮山。 北有澇水，東南有潏水，下流俱入汾。
Fushan County lies east and slightly south of the prefecture. To the west is Mount Fu. To the north is the Lao River; to the southeast the Yu River—both empty into the Fen downstream.
168
趙城府北。 元屬霍州。 洪武三年改屬。 西有羅雲山，又有汾水、霍水，自東南流入焉。
Zhaocheng County lies north of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it belonged to Huo zhou. In Hongwu 3 it was transferred here. To the west is Luoyun Mountain; the Fen and Huo rivers also enter from the southeast.
169
太平府西南。 元屬絳州。 洪武二年改屬。 東有汾水。
Taiping County lies southwest of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it belonged to Jiang zhou. In Hongwu 2 it was transferred here. To the east is the Fen River.
170
岳陽府東北。 東有沁水，流入澤州界。 北有澗水。 又南有赤壁水，西北流，會澗水入汾河。
Yueyang County lies northeast of the prefecture. To the east is the Qin River, which flows into Zezhou territory. To the north is the Jian River. Farther south is the Chibi River, which flows northwest and joins the Jian River to enter the Fen River.
171
曲沃府南。 元屬絳州。 洪武二年改屬。 南有紫金山，產銅。 北有喬山。 西有汾水。 西南有澮水，下流入汾。
Quwo County lies south of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it belonged to Jiang zhou. In Hongwu 2 it was transferred here. To the south is Zijin Mountain, which produces copper. To the north is Qiao Mountain. To the west is the Fen River. To the southwest is the Hui River, which flows down into the Fen.
172
翼城府東南。 元屬絳州。 洪武二年改屬。 東南有澮高山，產銅，下有灤泉。 又東有烏嶺山，澮水出焉。
Yicheng County lies southeast of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it belonged to Jiang zhou. In Hongwu 2 it was transferred here. To the southeast is Huigao Mountain, which produces copper; below it is Luan Spring. Farther east is Wuling Mountain, whence the Hui River rises.
173
汾西府北，少西。 西有青山，產鐵。 東有汾水。
Fenxi County lies north and slightly west of the prefecture. To the west is Qingshan, which produces iron. To the east is the Fen River.
174
蒲府西北。 元屬隰州。 洪武二年改屬。 西有第一河，西流入大河。 東有張村岔巡檢司。
Pu County lies northwest of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it belonged to Xi zhou. In Hongwu 2 it was transferred here. To the west is the Diyi River, which flows west into the Great River. To the east is the Zhangcuncha patrol inspectorate.
175
靈石府北。 元屬霍州。 萬曆二十三年五月改屬汾州府。 四十三年還屬府。 東有綿山，即介山也。 城北有汾水，又東有谷水流入焉。 又北有靈石口巡檢司。 西南有陰地關，又有汾水關。
Lingshi County lies north of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it belonged to Huo zhou. In the fifth month of Wanli 23 it was transferred to Fenzhou Prefecture. In year 43 it was returned to the prefecture. To the east is Mian Mountain—that is, Jie Mountain. North of the city wall is the Fen River; farther east the Gu River flows into it. Farther north is the Lingshikou patrol inspectorate. To the southwest is Yindi Pass; also Fen River Pass.
176
蒲州元河中府。 洪武二年改爲蒲州，以州治河東縣省入。 中條山在東南，即雷首山也，又名首陽山，跨臨晉、聞喜、垣曲、平陸、芮城、安邑、夏縣、解州之境。 又南有歷山。 又大河自榆林折而南，經州城西，又經中條山麓，又折而東，謂之河曲。 臨河有風陵關巡檢司。 又東南有涑水，即絳水下流，又南有嬀汭水，俱注於大河。 東北距府四百五十里。 領縣五：
Puzhou—in the Yuan it was Hezhong Prefecture. In Hongwu 2 it was changed to Puzhou; Hedong, the seat county, was abolished and merged in. Zhongtiao Mountain lies to the southeast—that is Leishou Mountain, also called Shouyang Mountain—spanning Linjin, Wenxi, Yuanqu, Pinglu, Ruicheng, Anyi, Xia County, and Xiezhou. Farther south is Li Mountain. The Great River from Yulin bends south, passes west of the zhou city, skirts the foot of Zhongtiao Mountain, then bends east—called the River Bend. Along the river is the Fengling Pass patrol inspectorate. Farther southeast is the Su River—the lower Jiang River—and farther south the Guirui River; both pour into the Great River. It lay four hundred fifty li northeast of the prefecture. It governed five counties:
177
臨晉州東北。 東南有王官谷。 西有大河。 南有涑水。 又西有吳王寨巡檢司。
Linjin lay northeast of the zhou. To the southeast is Wangguan Valley. To the west is the Great River. To the south is the Su River. Farther west is the Wangwangzhai patrol inspectorate.
178
滎河州北少東。 大河在城西，汾水至此入河。
Xinghe lay north and slightly east of the zhou. The Great River lies west of the city; the Fen River here enters the river.
179
猗氏州東北。 南有涑水。 東南有鹽池。
Yishi lay northeast of the zhou. To the south is the Su River. To the southeast is the Salt Pond.
180
萬泉州東北。 南有介山。
Wanquan lay northeast of the zhou. To the south is Jie Mountain.
181
河津州東北。 西北有龍門山，夾河對峙，下有禹門渡巡檢司。 汾水舊由滎河縣北睢丘入河，隆慶四年東徙，經縣西南葫蘆灘入河。
Hejin lay northeast of the zhou. To the northwest is Longmen Mountain, facing each other across the river; below is the Yumen Ford patrol inspectorate. The Fen River formerly entered the river north of Xinghe county at Suqiu; in Longqing 4 it shifted east and entered the river at Hulutan southwest of the county.
182
解州洪武初，以州治解縣省入。 南有檀道山，又有石錐山。 東南有白徑嶺。 南濱大河。 東有鹽池。 西北又有女鹽池。 東北有長樂鎮巡檢司。 東南有鹽池巡檢司。 東北距府三百四十里。 領縣五：
Xiezhou: at the beginning of Hongwu, the seat county Xie was abolished and merged in. To the south are Tandao Mountain and Shizhui Mountain. To the southeast is Baijing Ridge. It borders the Great River to the south. To the east is the Salt Pond. To the northwest is also the Female Salt Pond. To the northeast is the Changle town patrol inspectorate. To the southeast is the Salt Pond patrol inspectorate. It lay three hundred forty li northeast of the prefecture. It governed five counties:
183
安邑州東北。 西有司鹽城。 北有鳴條岡。 又有涑水。 西南有鹽池。 南有聖惠鎮巡檢司。 西南有西姚巡檢司。
Anyi lay northeast of the zhou. To the west is Siyancheng. To the north is Mingtiao Ridge. There is also the Su River. To the southwest is the Salt Pond. To the south is the Shenghui town patrol inspectorate. To the southwest is the Xiyao patrol inspectorate.
184
夏州東北。 北有涑水。
Xia County lay northeast of the zhou. To the north is the Su River.
185
聞喜州東北。 東南有湯山，產銅。 南有涑水。 又東北有乾河，又有董澤。
Wenxi lay northeast of the zhou. To the southeast is Tang Mountain, which produces copper. To the south is the Su River. Farther northeast is the Gan River; also Dong Marsh.
186
平陸州東南。 東北有虞山，一名吳山。 又東有傅巖。 南濱大河，中有底柱山。 東有大陽津，上有關，亦曰茅津。 有沙澗茅津渡巡檢司。 又有白浪渡巡檢司。
Pinglu lay southeast of the zhou. To the northeast is Yu Mountain, also called Wu Mountain. Farther east is Fu Rock. To the south it borders the Great River, with Bottom Pillar Mountain in midstream. To the east is Dayang Ford, with a pass above it also called Maojin. There is the Shajian Maojin Ford patrol inspectorate. There is also the Bailang Ford patrol inspectorate.
187
芮城州西南。 大河南經縣，西折而東。 東南有陌底渡巡檢司。 西北有萬壽堡。 東有襄邑堡。
Ruicheng County lies southwest of the zhou. The Great River runs south through the county, then bends west and turns east. To the southeast is the Modi Ford patrol inspectorate. To the northwest is Wanshou Fort. To the east is Xiangyi Fort.
188
絳州洪武初，以州治正平縣省入。 西北有九原山。 南有汾水，澮水自東南流入焉。 西有武平關。 東北距府百五十里。 領縣三：
Jiangzhou—at the beginning of Hongwu, Zhengping, the seat county, was abolished and merged into the zhou. To the northwest is Jiuyuan Mountain. To the south is the Fen River, into which the Kuai River flows from the southeast. To the west is Wuping Pass. It lies one hundred fifty li northeast of the prefecture. It governed three counties:
189
稷山州西。 南有稷神山，又有汾水。
Jishan County lies west of the zhou. To the south is Jishan Sacred Mountain, and also the Fen River.
190
絳州東南。 東有太行山。 東南有太陰山，又有陳村峪，涑水出焉，經聞喜、夏、安邑等縣，至蒲州入黃河。 又西北有絳山，絳水出焉，西流入涑。 又東南有教山，教水出焉，即乾河之源也。 絳山產鐵。
Jiang County lies southeast of the zhou. To the east is Taihang Mountain. To the southeast is Taiyin Mountain, with Chencun Ravine whence the Su River rises; it passes Wenxi, Xia, Anyi, and other counties and reaches Puzhou to enter the Yellow River. Farther northwest is Jiang Mountain, whence the Jiang River rises and flows west into the Su. Farther southeast is Jiao Mountain, whence the Jiao River rises—the source of the Gan River. Jiang Mountain produces iron.
191
垣曲州東南。 西北有折腰山，山有銅冶。 又東北有王屋山。 南濱河，西有清水流入焉。 又北有乾河。 西北有橫嶺背巡檢司。 西南有留莊隘。
Yuanqu County lies southeast of the zhou. To the northwest is Broken-Waist Mountain, which has a copper smeltery. Farther northeast is Wangwu Mountain. To the south it borders the river, and the Qing River flows in from the west. Farther north is the Gan River. To the northwest is the Hengling Back patrol inspectorate. To the southwest is Liuzhuang Pass.
192
霍州洪武初，以州治霍邑縣省入。 東南有霍山，亦曰霍太山。 西有汾水，又有霍水、彘水，俱出霍山，下流俱入汾。 南距府百四十五里。
Huozhou—at the beginning of Hongwu, Huoyi, the seat county, was abolished and merged into the zhou. To the southeast is Huo Mountain, also called Huotai Mountain. To the west is the Fen River; also the Huo and Zhi rivers, all rising on Huo Mountain and entering the Fen downstream. It lies one hundred forty-five li south of the prefecture.
193
吉州西有孟門山，大河所經。 西南有壺口山。 又烏仁關在西，平渡關在西北，俱有巡檢司。 東距府二百七十里。 領縣一：
West of Jizhou is Mengmen Mountain, through which the Great River passes. To the southwest is Hukou Mountain. Farther west is Wuren Pass and to the northwest Pingdu Pass—both with patrol inspectorates. It lies two hundred seventy li east of the prefecture. It governed one county:
194
鄉寧州東南。 西南有兩乳山。 西有黃河。 西北有龍尾磧巡檢司。
Xiangning County lies southeast of the zhou. To the southwest is Twin-Breast Mountain. To the west is the Yellow River. To the northwest is the Dragon-Tail Shoal patrol inspectorate.
195
隰州洪武初，以州治隰川縣省入。 西有蒲水，南入大河。 東北有廣武莊巡檢司。 東南距府二百八十里。 領縣二：
Xizhou—at the beginning of Hongwu, Xichuan, the seat county, was abolished and merged into the zhou. To the west is the Pu River, which flows south into the Great River. To the northeast is the Guangwu Stockade patrol inspectorate. It lies two hundred eighty li southeast of the prefecture. It governed two counties:
196
大寧州西南。 西濱大河。 又東南有昕川，西注於河。 西有馬鬥關，大河經其下，有巡檢司。
Daning County lies southwest of the zhou. To the west it borders the Great River. Farther southeast is the Xin Stream, which flows west into the river. To the west is Madou Pass, with the Great River passing beneath it and a patrol inspectorate.
197
永和州西。 西濱大河。 西北有永和關，有巡檢司。 又有興德關。 西南有鐵羅關。 三關俱與陝西濱河爲界。
Yonghe County lies west of the zhou. To the west it borders the Great River. To the northwest is Yonghe Pass, with a patrol inspectorate. There is also Xingde Pass. To the southwest is Tieluo Pass. All three passes formed the boundary with Shaanxi along the river.
198
汾州府元汾州，屬冀寧路。 洪武九年直隸布政司。 萬曆二十三年五月升爲府。 領州一，縣七。 東北距布政司二百里。
Fenzhou Prefecture—under the Yuan it was Fenzhou in Jining Route. In Hongwu 9 it was placed directly under the provincial administration commission. In the fifth month of Wanli 23 it was raised to a prefecture. It governed one subordinate zhou and seven counties. It lay two hundred li northeast of the provincial administration commission.
199
汾陽倚。 元曰西河。 洪武初，省入州。 萬曆二十三年五月復置，更名。 東有汾水。 又東北有文水，一名萬谷河，自文水縣東南流入焉。 西有金鎖關、黃蘆嶺二巡檢司。
Fenyang (seat-attached county). Under the Yuan it was called Xihe. At the beginning of Hongwu it was abolished and merged into the zhou. In the fifth month of Wanli 23 it was re-established and renamed. To the east is the Fen River. Farther northeast is the Wen River, also called the Wangu River, which flows in from the southeast of Wenshui County. To the west are the Jinsuo Pass and Huanglu Ridge patrol inspectorates.
200
教義府南少東。 西北有狐岐山，勝水出焉，東流入汾。 又縣南有雀鼠谷，與介休縣界，汾水自東北來經此。 又西有溫泉鎮巡檢司。
Jiayi County lies south-southeast of the prefecture. To the northwest is Huqi Mountain, whence the Sheng River rises and flows east into the Fen. Also south of the county is Sparrow-Rat Gorge, on the border with Jiexiu County, through which the Fen River passes from the northeast. Farther west is the Hot-Spring town patrol inspectorate.
201
平遙府東。 南有麓台山，一名蒙山，又名謁戾山。 西有汾河。 東有中都水，又有原祠水，合流注於汾河。 又南有普同關巡檢司，後移於縣東北之洪善鎮。
Pingyao County lies east of the prefecture. To the south is Lutai Mountain, also called Meng Mountain and Yeli Mountain. To the west is the Fen River. To the east are the Zhongdu and Yuan Shrine rivers, which join and empty into the Fen. Farther south was the Putong Pass patrol inspectorate, later moved to Hongshan town northeast of the county.
202
介休府東南。 有介山，亦曰綿山。 西有汾水，東有石洞水，西流入焉。 東北有鄔城泊，與平遙、文水二縣界，即昭餘祁藪之餘浸也，或亦謂之蒿澤。 東南有關子嶺鎮巡檢司。
Jiexiu County lies southeast of the prefecture. It has Jie Mountain, also called Mian Mountain. To the west is the Fen River; to the east the Shidong River, which flows west into it. To the northeast is Wucheng Marsh, on the border with Pingyao and Wenshui counties—the remnant waters of Zhaoyuqi Marsh, also called Haozhe Marsh. To the southeast is the Guanziling town patrol inspectorate.
203
石樓府西少南。 元屬晉寧路之隰州。 萬曆四十年改屬。 東南有石樓山。 西有黃河，又有土軍川流入焉。 又西北有上平關、西有永和關、東北有窟龍關三巡檢司。
Shilou County lies west-southwest of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it belonged to Xizhou in Jinning Route. In Wanli 40 it was transferred here. To the southeast is Shilou Mountain. To the west is the Yellow River, into which the Tujun Stream also flows. Farther northwest is Shangping Pass; to the west Yonghe Pass; to the northeast Kulong Pass—three patrol inspectorates.
204
臨府西北。 元臨州，屬冀寧路。 洪武二年降爲縣。 萬曆二十三年五月來屬。 北濱黃河，東北有榆林河流入焉。 西北有克狐寨巡檢司。
Lin County lies northwest of the prefecture. Under the Yuan it was Linzhou in Jining Route. In Hongwu 2 it was downgraded to a county. In the fifth month of Wanli 23 it was placed under the prefecture. To the north it borders the Yellow River, and the Yulin River flows in from the northeast. To the northwest is the Kehu Stockade patrol inspectorate.
205
永寧州元石州，屬冀寧路。 洪武初，以州治離石縣省入。 隆慶元年更名。 萬曆二十三年五月來屬。 大河在西。 東有谷積山，下有石窟村，東川河出焉。 北有赤堅嶺，一名離石山，離石水出焉，亦曰北川河，合流注於大河。 又西有青龍流、北有赤堅嶺二巡檢司。 又西有孟門關。 東南距府百六十里。 領縣一：
Yongning zhou—under the Yuan it was Shizhou in Jining Route. At the beginning of Hongwu, Lishi, the seat county, was abolished and merged into the zhou. It was renamed in Longqing 1. In the fifth month of Wanli 23 it came under [this jurisdiction]. The Great River lies to the west. To the east is Guji Mountain; below it lies Shiku Village, where the East Chuan River rises. To the north is Chijian Ridge, also called Lishi Mountain; the Lishi River rises there—also known as the North Chuan River—and joins the Great River downstream. Farther west is the Qinglongliu patrol inspectorate; to the north, the Chijian Ridge patrol inspectorate. Farther west is Mengmen Pass. It lay one hundred sixty li southeast of the prefecture seat. It governed one county:
206
寧鄉州南。 東南有樓子台山。 西有黃河。
Ningxiang County lay south of the zhou seat. To the southeast is Louzitai Mountain. To the west is the Yellow River.
207
潞安府元潞州，屬晉寧路。 洪武二年直隸行中書省。 九年直隸布政司。 嘉靖八年二月升爲潞安府。 領縣八。 西北距布政司四百五十里。
Lu'an Prefecture—under the Yuan it was Lu zhou in Jinning Route. In Hongwu 2 it was made directly subordinate to the Branch Secretariat. In year 9 it was made directly subordinate to the provincial administration commission. In the second month of Jiajing 8 it was promoted to Lu'an Prefecture. It governed eight counties. It lay four hundred fifty li northwest of the provincial administration commission.
208
長治倚。 永樂六年，沈王府自瀋陽遷此。 元上黨縣。 洪武二年省入州。 嘉靖八年二月復置，更名。 東南有壺關山，舊置壺口關於山下。 西南有潞水，即濁漳水，自長子縣流入，下流至河南臨漳縣，合清漳水。 又西有藍水，東流與濁漳水合。
Changzhi was the prefectural seat. In Yongle 6 the Shen princely mansion was moved here from Shenyang. Under the Yuan it was Shangdang County. In Hongwu 2 it was merged into the zhou. In the second month of Jiajing 8 it was re-established and renamed. To the southeast is Huguan Mountain, where Hugukou Pass was formerly placed at the foot. To the southwest is the Lu River—the muddy Zhang River—which enters from Changzi County; downstream it reaches Linzhang County in Henan and joins the clear Zhang River. Farther west is the Lan River, which flows east to join the muddy Zhang River.
209
長子府西少南。 東南有羊頭山。 西南有發鳩山，一名鹿谷山，濁漳水發源於此。 西北有藍水，南有樑水，皆流入漳水。
Changzi County lay west of the prefecture, slightly to the south. To the southeast is Yangtou Mountain. To the southwest is Fajiu Mountain, also called Lugu Mountain, where the muddy Zhang River rises. To the northwest is the Lan River; to the south the Liang River—both empty into the Zhang River.
210
屯留府西北。 西北有三峻山。 又西南有盤秀山，藍水出乎其陽，絳水出乎其陰，下流俱合濁漳水。
Tunliu County lay northwest of the prefecture. To the northwest is Sanjun Mountain. Farther southwest is Panxiu Mountain: the Lan River rises on its sunny slope and the Jiang River on its shady slope; both join the muddy Zhang River downstream.
211
襄垣府北，少西。 南有濁漳水。 西北有小漳水，又有涅水，自武鄉縣流入界，合小漳水，下流入濁漳水。 西有五贊山巡檢司。
Xiangyuan County lay north of the prefecture, slightly to the west. To the south is the muddy Zhang River. To the northwest is the small Zhang River; the Nie River also enters from Wuxiang County, joins the small Zhang River, and flows into the muddy Zhang River downstream. To the west is the Wuzhai Mountain patrol inspectorate.
212
潞城府東北。 西有三垂山。 北有濁漳水，又有絳水，流合焉，謂之交漳。
Lucheng County lay northeast of the prefecture. To the west is Sanchui Mountain. To the north are the muddy Zhang River and the Jiang River, whose confluence is called the Jiao Zhang.
213
壺關府東北。 南有趙屋嶺，西南有大峪嶺，俱產鐵。 東南有羊腸板。 西北有壺水，西入濁漳。
Huguan County lay northeast of the prefecture. To the south is Zhaowu Ridge; to the southwest Dayu Ridge—both yield iron. To the southeast is Yangchang Plateau. To the northwest is the Hu River, which flows west into the muddy Zhang River.
214
黎城府東北。 西北有濁漳水，東南入河南林縣界。 東北又有清漳水，流入河南涉縣界。 又東北有吾兒峪巡檢司。
Licheng County lay northeast of the prefecture. To the northwest is the muddy Zhang River, which southeastward enters the border of Lin County in Henan. To the northeast is also the clear Zhang River, which flows into the border of She County in Henan. Farther northeast is the Wu'eryu patrol inspectorate.
215
平順嘉靖八年二月以潞城縣青羊裏置，析黎城、壺關、潞城三縣地益之。 東北有濁漳水。 東南有虹梯關、玉峽關二巡檢司。
Pingshun was established in the second month of Jiajing 8 from the Qingyang ward of Lucheng County, with territory taken from Licheng, Huguan, and Lucheng counties. To the northeast is the muddy Zhang River. To the southeast are the Hongti Pass and Yuxia Pass patrol inspectorates.
216
大同府元在同路，屬河東山西道宣慰司。 洪武二年爲府。 領州四，縣七。 南距布政司六百七十里。
Datong Prefecture—under the Yuan it was Datong Route in the Hedong Shanxi Circuit pacification commission. In Hongwu 2 it was made a prefecture. It governed four subordinate zhou and seven counties. It lay six hundred seventy li south of the provincial administration commission.
217
大同倚。 洪武二十五年三月建代王府。 北有方山。 西北有雷公山。 東有紇真山。 又東北有白登山。 又西有大河。 又南有桑乾河，自馬邑縣流經此，其下流至蔚州入北直境，爲盧溝河。 又西北有金河，又有紫河，皆流入大河。 又西有武州山，武州川水出焉。 又東有御河，一名如渾水，南有十里河流合焉，即武州川也，俗曰合河，南入於桑乾。 北有威寧海子。 又有孤店、開山、虎峪、白陽等口，俱在東北。 又北有貓兒莊。
Datong was the prefectural seat. In the third month of Hongwu 25 the Dai princely mansion was built. To the north is Fang Mountain. To the northwest is Leigong Mountain. To the east is Hezhen Mountain. Farther northeast is Baideng Mountain. Farther west is the Great River. Farther south is the Sanggan River, which passes through from Mayi County; downstream at Yuzhou it enters North Zhili and becomes the Lugou River. Farther northwest are the Jin and Zi rivers, both of which flow into the Great River. Farther west is Wuzhou Mountain, where the Wuzhou River rises. Farther east is the Yu River, also called the Ru River; the Shili River joins it from the south—this is the Wuzhou River, commonly called the He River—which flows south into the Sanggan. To the north is Weining Lake. There are also Gudian, Kaishan, Huyu, Baiyang, and other passes, all to the northeast. Farther north is Mao'er Village.
218
懷仁府西南。 西有清涼山，西南有錦屏山，舊皆有鐵冶。 南有桑乾河。 西南有偏嶺等口。
Huairen County lay southwest of the prefecture. To the west is Qingliang Mountain; to the southwest Jinping Mountain—both formerly had iron smelters. To the south is the Sanggan River. To the southwest are Pianling and other passes.
219
渾源州南有恆山，即北嶽也，與北直曲陽縣界。 東有五峯山。 又南有翠屏山，滱水出焉，與嘔夷水合，下流爲唐河。 又北有桑乾河。 西南有渾源川，下流入桑乾河。 又東有亂嶺關、南有瓷窯口、東南有峪口巡檢司。 西北距府百三十里。
South of Hunyuan zhou is Heng Mountain—the Northern Marchmount—which borders Quyang County in North Zhili. To the east is Wufeng Mountain. Farther south is Cuiping Mountain, where the Pu River rises; it joins the Ouyi River and becomes the Tang River downstream. Farther north is the Sanggan River. To the southwest is the Hunyuan River, which flows into the Sanggan River downstream. Farther east is Luanling Pass; to the south Ciyao Pass; to the southeast the Yukou patrol inspectorate. It lay one hundred thirty li northwest of the prefecture seat.
220
應州洪武初，以州治金城縣省入。 北有桑乾河。 西有小石口巡檢司。 東南有胡峪口巡檢司。 南有茹越口巡檢司。 又有北婁、大石等口，路通繁峙縣。 北距府百二十里。 領縣一：
In early Hongwu Yingzhou had its seat county, Jincheng, merged into the zhou. To the north is the Sanggan River. To the west is the Xiaoshikou patrol inspectorate. To the southeast is the Huyukou patrol inspectorate. To the south is the Ruyuekou patrol inspectorate. There are also Beilou, Dashi, and other passes with a route to Fanzhi County. It lay one hundred twenty li north of the prefecture seat. It governed one county:
221
山陰州西南。 北有桑乾水。
Shanyin County lay southwest of the zhou seat. To the north is the Sanggan River.
222
朔州洪武初，以州治鄯陽縣省入。 西南有翠峯山。 西北有黃河。 又南有灰河，下流入桑乾河。 又西有武州，元屬大同路，洪武初省。 北有沙淨口、西南有神池口二巡檢司。 東北距府二百八十里。 領縣一：
In early Hongwu Shuozhou had its seat county, Shanyang, merged into the zhou. To the southwest is Cuifeng Mountain. To the northwest is the Yellow River. Farther south is the Hui River, which flows into the Sanggan River downstream. Farther west was Wuzhou, which under the Yuan belonged to Datong Route and was abolished in early Hongwu. To the north is the Shajingkou patrol inspectorate; to the southwest the Shenchikou patrol inspectorate. It lay two hundred eighty li northeast of the prefecture seat. It governed one county:
223
馬邑州東，少北。 西北有洪濤山，氵壘水出焉，俗名洪濤泉，即桑乾河上源也，至北直武清縣入海。 東南有雁門關。 又北有白陽。
Mayi County lay east of the zhou seat, slightly to the north. To the northwest is Hongtao Mountain, where its stream rises—commonly called Hongtao Spring—the upper source of the Sanggan, which reaches the sea at Wuqing County in North Zhili. To the southeast is Yanmen Pass. Farther north is Baiyang.
224
蔚州元屬上都路之順寧府。 至大元年十一月升爲蔚昌府，直隸上都路。 洪武二年仍爲州。 四年來屬，以州治靈仙縣省入。 東有九宮山，又有雪山。 又東南爲小五臺山。 北有桑乾水，東入北直保安州界。 又北有壺流水，一名胡盧水，西南有滋水流入焉，下流入北直真定府界。 東北有定安縣，元屬州，洪武初廢。 西南有石門口，東南有神通溝鎮，東北有鴛鴦口、長寧鎮四巡檢司。 又東有九宮口巡檢司，後移於州南黑石嶺。 又東北有美峪口巡檢司，尋徙於董家莊。 又有興寧口巡檢司。 後移於北口關。 西北距府三百五十里。 領縣三：
Yu Prefecture under the Yuan belonged to Shunning Prefecture in Shangdu Route. In the eleventh month of Zhida 1 it was raised to Weichang Prefecture, directly subordinate to Shangdu Route. In Hongwu 2 it was again made a zhou. In year 4 it was brought under [superior] jurisdiction; Lingxian, the seat county, was abolished and merged in. To the east are Jiugong Mountain and Snow Mountain. Farther southeast is Little Wutai Mountain. To the north is the Sanggan River, which flows east into Baoding zhou in North Zhili. Farther north is the Huflow River, also called the Hulu River; the Zishui enters it from the southwest and flows down into Zhending Prefecture in North Zhili. To the northeast was Ding'an County, which under the Yuan belonged to the zhou; it was abolished in early Hongwu. To the southwest is Shimenkou; to the southeast Shentonggou town; to the northeast are Yuanyangkou, Changning town, and four patrol inspectorates. Farther east was the Jiugongkou patrol inspectorate, later moved to Heishi Ridge south of the zhou. Farther northeast was the Meiyukou patrol inspectorate, soon relocated to Dongjia village. There was also the Xingningkou patrol inspectorate. It was later moved to Beikou Pass. It lay three hundred fifty li northwest of the prefecture [seat]. It administered three counties:
225
廣靈州西，少北。 北有九層山。 東南有豐水，即葫蘆河上源也。 又西南有滋水。 北有平嶺關巡檢司，後徙於縣西南之林關口。
Guangling zhou—west and slightly north of the prefecture. To the north is Jiuceng Mountain. To the southeast is the Feng River, the upper source of the Hulu River. Farther southwest is the Zishui. To the north was the Pinglingguan patrol inspectorate, later moved to Lin Pass southwest of the county.
226
廣昌州東南。 元曰飛狐，洪武初更名。 東南有白石山。 東有雕窠崖，舊有洞產銀。 又桑乾河在北。 唐河在南，即滱水也。 又淶水在東，源出北崖古塔，與縣南之拒馬河合，東入北直淶水縣界。 又紫荊關在東北，接北直易州界。 倒馬關在南，接北直定州界。 又飛狐關在北，今爲黑石嶺堡，與蔚州界。
Guangchang zhou—southeast [of the prefecture]. Under the Yuan it was called Feihu; in early Hongwu it was renamed. To the southeast is Baishi Mountain. To the east is Diaoke Cliff, where a cave once produced silver. The Sanggan River lies to the north. The Tang River is to the south—the Boshui. The Laishui is to the east, rising at the ancient pagoda on the north cliff; it joins the Juma River south of the county and flows east into Laishui County in North Zhili. To the northeast is Zijing Pass, on the border with Yi Prefecture in North Zhili. Daoma Pass is to the south, on the border with Ding Prefecture in North Zhili. Feihu Pass lies to the north—now Heishi Ridge Fort, on the border with Yu Prefecture.
227
靈丘州西南。 東南有隘門山，西北有槍峯嶺，即高是山也，嘔夷水出焉。 又有枚回嶺，滋水出焉。
Lingqiu zhou—southwest [of the prefecture]. To the southeast is Aimen Mountain; to the northwest Qiangfeng Ridge—that is Gaoshi Mountain, whence the Ouyi River flows. There is also Meihui Ridge, whence the Zishui flows.
228
澤州元澤州，屬晉寧路。 洪武初，以州治晉城縣省入。 二年直隸行中書省。 九年直隸布政司。 東南有馬牢山。 南有太行山，山頂有天井關，關南即羊腸阪。 又東北有丹水，南有白水流入焉，下流注於沁河。 東南有柳樹店、南有橫望嶺二巡檢司。 領縣四。 西北距布政司六百二十里。
Ze Prefecture was Ze Prefecture under the Yuan in Jinning Route. In early Hongwu the seat county Jincheng was abolished and merged in. In year 2 it was made directly subordinate to the Branch Secretariat. In year 9 it was made directly subordinate to the provincial administration commission. To the southeast is Maolao Mountain. To the south is the Taihang range; atop it is Tianjing Pass, south of which lies Yangchang Slope. Farther northeast is the Danshui; the Baishui enters it from the south and flows down into the Qin River. To the southeast is the Liushudian patrol inspectorate; to the south the Hengwangling patrol inspectorate. It administered four counties. It lay six hundred twenty li northwest of the provincial administration commission.
229
高平州北少東。 西北有仙公山，丹水出焉。 又西南有空倉堡巡檢司。 西北有長平關，又有磨磐寨。
Gaoping zhou—north and slightly east [of the prefecture]. To the northwest is Xiangong Mountain, whence the Danshui flows. Farther southwest is the Kongcangbao patrol inspectorate. To the northwest are Changping Pass and Mopan Stockade.
230
陽城州西。 西南有析城山，南有王屋山，與垣曲縣及河南濟源縣界。 東有沁河，又西北有濩澤水入焉。
Yangcheng zhou—west [of the prefecture]. To the southwest is Xicheng Mountain; to the south Wangwu Mountain, on the boundary with Yuanqu County and Jiyuan County in Henan. To the east is the Qin River; from the northwest the Huoze River joins it.
231
陵川州東北。 西北有蒲水，西流入於丹水。 南有永和隘巡檢司，後廢。
Lingchuan zhou—northeast [of the prefecture]. To the northwest is the Pu River, which flows west into the Danshui. To the south was the Yonghe Pass patrol inspectorate, later abolished.
232
沁水州西北。 東有沁河。 又西有蘆河，下流入於沁水。 西北有東烏嶺巡檢司。
Qinshui zhou—northwest [of the prefecture]. To the east is the Qin River. Farther west is the Lu River, which flows down into the Qin River. To the northwest is the Dongwuling patrol inspectorate.
233
沁州元屬晉寧路。 洪武初，以州治銅鞮縣省入。 二年直隸行中書省。 九年直隸布政司。 萬曆二十三年五月改屬汾州府，三十二年仍直隸布政司。 西南有護甲山，涅水出焉。 南有銅鞮山。 正西有銅鞮水，有二流，一名小漳河，一名西漳河，下流入襄垣縣，合濁漳水。 領縣二。 西北距布政司三百十里。
Qin Prefecture under the Yuan belonged to Jinning Route. In early Hongwu the seat county Tongdi was abolished and merged in. In year 2 it was made directly subordinate to the Branch Secretariat. In year 9 it was made directly subordinate to the provincial administration commission. In the fifth month of Wanli 23 it was transferred to Fen Prefecture; in year 32 it again reported directly to the provincial administration commission. To the southwest is Hujia Mountain, whence the Nieshui flows. To the south is Tongdi Mountain. Due west is the Tongdi River, which splits into two branches—the Little Zhang and West Zhang rivers—flowing down through Xiangyuan County to join the Zhuo Zhang River. It administered two counties. It lay three hundred ten li northwest of the provincial administration commission.
234
沁源州西少南。 北有綿山，沁水出焉，經縣東，下流至河南修武縣入大河，行九百七十餘里。 又北有綿上巡檢司。
Qinyuan zhou—west and slightly south [of the prefecture]. To the north is Mian Mountain, whence the Qin River flows east of the county; it reaches Xiuwu in Henan and enters the great river—a course of more than nine hundred seventy li. Farther north is the Mianshang patrol inspectorate.
235
武鄉州東北。 西有涅水，又西有武鄉水入焉。
Wuxiang zhou—northeast [of the prefecture]. To the west is the Nieshui; the Wuxiang River joins it from farther west.
236
遼州元屬晉寧路。 洪武初，以州治遼山縣省入。 二年直隸行中書省。 九年直隸布政司。 東南有太行山，洺水所出，上有黃澤嶺，嶺有十八盤巡檢司。 又東有清漳水，分二流，至東南交漳村而合，南入黎城縣界。 又西北有遼陽水，流合清漳水。 領縣二。 西北距布政司三百四十里。
Liao Prefecture under the Yuan belonged to Jinning Route. In early Hongwu the seat county Liaoshan was abolished and merged in. In year 2 it was made directly subordinate to the Branch Secretariat. In year 9 it was made directly subordinate to the provincial administration commission. To the southeast is the Taihang range, where the Mok River rises; atop it is Huangze Ridge, with the Eighteen Bends patrol inspectorate. Farther east is the Qingzhang River, which divides and rejoins at Jiaozhang village southeast, then flows south into Licheng County. Farther northwest the Liaoyang River joins the Qingzhang. It administered two counties. It lay three hundred forty li northwest of the provincial administration commission.
237
榆社州西。 西有榆水。 西南有武鄉水。 又西北有黃花嶺、馬陵關二巡檢司。
Yushe zhou—west [of the prefecture]. To the west is the Yu River. To the southwest is the Wuxiang River. Farther northwest are the Huanghualing and Maling Pass patrol inspectorates.
238
和順州北。 東有黃榆嶺，北有松子嶺，西有八賦嶺，俱有巡檢司。 又清漳水在西北，松嶺水及八賦水、樑榆水俱流入焉。
Heshun zhou—north [of the prefecture]. To the east is Huangyu Ridge; to the north Songzi Ridge; to the west Bafu Ridge—each with a patrol inspectorate. The Qingzhang River lies to the northwest; the Songling, Bafu, and Liangyu rivers all flow into it.
239
山西行都指揮使司本大同都衛，洪武四年正月置。 治白羊城。 八年十月更名。 二十五年八月徙治大同府。 二十六年二月領衛二十六，宣府左、右，萬全左、右，懷安五衛，改屬萬全都司。 後領衛十四。 朔州衛治州城，安東中屯衛寄治應州城。
The Shanxi Branch Regional Military Commission was originally the Datong Capital Guard, established in the first month of Hongwu 4. Its seat was at Baiyang walled city. In the tenth month of year 8 it was renamed. In the eighth month of year 25 its seat was moved to Datong Prefecture. In the second month of year 26 it administered twenty-six guards—Xuanfu Left and Right, Wanquan Left and Right, and the five Huai'an guards—which were transferred to the Wanquan supreme command. It later administered fourteen guards. Shuozhou Guard was seated at the zhou walled city; Andong Central Garrison Guard had its attached seat at Ying Prefecture walled city.
240
大同前衛洪武七年二月置，與行都司同城。
Datong Front Guard was established in the second month of Hongwu 7, in the same city as the branch commission.
241
大同後衛洪武二十五年八月置，與行都司同城，尋罷。 二十六年二月復置，治行都司東，後仍徙行都司城。 東有聚落城，天順三年築。 嘉靖二年九月置聚落守禦千戶所於此，來屬。
Datong Rear Guard was established in the eighth month of Hongwu 25, in the same city as the branch commission, and was soon abolished. It was re-established in the second month of Hongwu 26, with its seat east of the provincial command, and was later moved back to the provincial command city. To the east is Jiluo Stockade city, built in Tianshun 3. In the ninth month of Jiajing 2 the Jiluo garrison-defense thousand-household post was established here and placed under its jurisdiction.
242
大同中衛洪武二十五年八月置，與行都司同城，後罷。
Datong Central Guard was established in the eighth month of Hongwu 25 in the same city as the provincial command, and was later abolished.
243
天成衛元天成縣，屬興和路。 洪武四年五月改屬大同府，縣尋廢。 二十六年二月置衛，後徙鎮虜衛來同治。 桑乾河在南。 南洋河在北，即雁門水也，東入宣府西陽和堡界。 西南距行都司一百二十里。
Tiancheng Guard—under the Yuan it was Tiancheng County in Xinghe Route. In the fifth month of Hongwu 4 it was placed under Datong Prefecture, and the county was soon abolished. A guard was established in the second month of Hongwu 26; later Zhenlu Guard was moved here to share the same seat. The Sanggan River lies to the south. To the north is the South Yang River—the Yanmen River—which flows east into the Xiyanghe Fort district on the western border of Xuanfu. It lies one hundred twenty li southwest of the provincial command.
244
威遠衛正統三年三月以淨水坪置。 南有大南山。 西有小南山。 又南有南大河，下流入於兔毛川。 東距行都司一百八十里。
Weiyuan Guard was established in the third month of Zhengtong 3 at Jingshui Flat. To the south is Great South Mountain. To the west is Little South Mountain. Farther south is the South Great River, whose lower course joins the Tumao River. It lies one hundred eighty li east of the provincial command.
245
平虜衛成化十七年置，與行都司同城。 嘉靖中徙今治。 西有小青山，又有黃河自東勝衛流入。 北有南大河。 西北有云內縣，本元雲內州，屬大同路，洪武五年廢。 宣德中復置縣，屬豐州，正統十四年復廢。 西北有平地縣，元屬大同路，亦洪武中廢。 東北距行都司二百四十里。 領千戶所一：
Pinglu Guard was established in Chenghua 17 in the same city as the provincial command. In the Jiajing reign it was moved to its present seat. To the west is Little Green Mountain, and the Yellow River enters from Dongsheng Guard. To the north is the South Great River. To the northwest is Yunnei County—under the Yuan it was Yunnei zhou in Datong Route—abolished in Hongwu 5. The county was re-established in the Xuande reign and placed under Feng zhou, then abolished again in Zhengtong 14. Farther northwest is Pingdi County, which under the Yuan belonged to Datong Route and was also abolished in the Hongwu period. It lies two hundred forty li northeast of the provincial command. It commanded one thousand-household post:
246
井坪守禦千戶所成化二十年七月置。
The Jingping garrison-defense thousand-household post was established in the seventh month of Chenghua 20.
247
宣德衛元宣寧縣，屬大同路。 洪武中，縣廢。 二十六年二月置宣德衛，後廢。 東南距行都司八十里。
Xuande Guard—under the Yuan it was Xuande County in Datong Route. In the Hongwu period the county was abolished. Xuande Guard was established in the second month of Hongwu 26, then abolished. It lies eighty li southeast of the provincial command.
248
東勝衛元東勝州，屬大同路。 洪武四年正月，州廢，置衛。 二十五年八月分置東勝左、右、中、前、後五衛，屬行都司。 二十六年二月罷中、前、衛三衛。 永樂元年二月徙左衛於兆直盧龍縣，右衛於北直遵化縣，直隸後軍都督府。 三月置東勝中、前、後三千戶所於懷仁等處守禦，而衛城遂虛。 正統三年九月復置，後仍廢。 北有赤兒山。 西有黃河。 西北有黑河，源出舊豐州之官山，西流入雲內州界，又東經此入於黃河。 又有兔毛川，亦入於黃河。 又有紫河，源出舊豐州西北之黑峪口，下流至雲內州界，入於黑河。 又西有金河泊，上承紫河，下流亦入於黃河。 西北有豐州，元屬大同路，洪武中廢，宣德元年復置； 正統中內徙，復廢。 又有淨州路，元直隸中書省，亦洪武中廢。 西距行都司五百里。 領千戶所五：失寶赤千戶所、五花城千戶所、幹魯忽奴千戶所、燕只千戶所、甕吉刺千戶所，俱洪武四年正月置。
Dongsheng Guard—under the Yuan it was Dongsheng zhou in Datong Route. In the first month of Hongwu 4 the zhou was abolished and a guard established. In the eighth month of Hongwu 25 it was split into Dongsheng Left, Right, Central, Front, and Rear guards, all under the provincial command. In the second month of Hongwu 26 the Central, Front, and Rear guards were abolished. In the second month of Yongle 1 the Left Guard was moved to Lulong County in North Zhili and the Right Guard to Zunhua County in North Zhili, both placed under the Rear Army supreme command. In the third month Dongsheng Central, Front, and Rear thousand-household posts were established at Huairen and elsewhere for garrison defense, and the guard city was left vacant. It was re-established in the ninth month of Zhengtong 3, then abolished again. To the north is Chi'er Mountain. To the west is the Yellow River. To the northwest is the Black River, rising at Guanshan in the old Feng zhou, flowing west into Yunnei zhou and then east through this district into the Yellow River. There is also the Tumao River, which likewise joins the Yellow River. There is also the Purple River, rising at Heiyu Pass northwest of the old Feng zhou; its lower course reaches Yunnei zhou and joins the Black River. Farther west is Jinhe Marsh, fed by the Purple River, whose outflow also enters the Yellow River. To the northwest is Feng zhou, which under the Yuan belonged to Datong Route, was abolished in the Hongwu period, and was re-established in Xuande 1; in the Zhengtong reign it was moved inland and abolished again. There was also Jingzhou Route, which under the Yuan was directly subordinated to the Central Secretariat and was abolished in the Hongwu period. It lies five hundred li west of the provincial command. It commanded five thousand-household posts—the Shibaozhi, Wuhuacheng, Ganluhunu, Yanzhi, and Wengjila posts—all established in the first month of Hongwu 4.